Knowledge

Anti-Kurdish sentiment

Source 📝

2028: 4575: 40: 4585: 2273:. The incident occurred shortly after Naki had declared that he was Kurdish and expressed support on social media for the Kurdish groups fighting against ISIS militants. A number of assailants allegedly cursed him and called him a "dirty Kurd" before beating him and injuring his hand and giving him a black eye. Naki later left Turkey and returned to Germany to continue his football career. 2277:
highlight the growing problem. Yasli's attacker was charged but later acquitted due to a lack of evidence pointing to an anti-Kurdish motive. Human rights lawyers and activists argue that the state's failure to address ethnically motivated violence and the prevalence of hate speech in Turkish society contribute to these attacks.
2164:
and paid academics to teach theories that would deny the existence of Kurds. An example of this is the "kurt-kart theory", which asserted that Kurds were merely Turks whose name came from the "kurt-kart" sound the people made when they walked through the snow of the mountainous southeast of Turkey.
2276:
In Turkey, rising national fervor driven by the military offensive against Kurdish militias in northern Syria has led to increased discrimination against Kurds, many of whom are Turkish citizens. Recent incidents, like the attack on 74-year-old Ekrem Yasli for speaking Kurdish in a hospital,
3601: 1002: 2148:. Kurdish language and identity are not recognised in the constitution. The Kurdish Flag and teaching the Kurdish language are illegal. Until 2013, the letters Q, W and X were banned because they are present in the 2247:. As a result of the increasing awareness of the Kurdish people due to this conflict, anti-Kurdism has also been on the rise. In the United Kingdom, a Kurdish shop owner was attacked by an Iranian man who 2437: 2567: 2464: 3575: 968: 4064: 1471: 3120: 507: 2508: 2635: 3328: 2434: 723: 2577: 4459: 3842: 1882: 1243: 3279: 2014: 674: 2457: 3200: 587: 3847: 2169:
that neither Kurds nor the Kurdish language exist. The Turkish president Kenan Evren also claimed so during his electoral rallies. Various
1248: 3817: 3421: 2958: 2166: 1218: 816: 337: 3105: 492: 3040: 2928: 2671: 419: 307: 2027: 4560: 3284: 3050: 2878: 2863: 2858: 2704: 2617: 1983: 679: 429: 257: 242: 237: 67: 4588: 3179: 3110: 2843: 2492: 2332: 566: 497: 222: 3623: 2933: 2755: 2244: 2007: 1024: 312: 126: 4269: 3939: 3852: 3743: 3411: 3231: 2868: 2853: 2400:
Anderson, Liam. Avoiding Ethnic Conflict in Iraq: Some Lessons from the Aland Islands. Wright State University, UK. 2010.
1684: 1340: 1253: 1144: 806: 624: 247: 232: 3837: 3311: 1238: 706: 2435:
http://www.todayszaman.com/national_mgk-paid-academics-to-write-on-kart-kurt-theory-commission-report-says_299296.html
3485: 3316: 2807: 2785: 878: 711: 178: 156: 2410: 2173:
political parties and groups in Turkey have successfully campaigned using the general anti-Kurdish sentiment of the
4609: 4222: 4059: 3959: 3416: 3306: 1637: 1466: 1360: 811: 701: 4614: 3812: 3323: 3080: 2883: 2000: 1213: 718: 467: 262: 2943: 322: 3085: 2433:"MGK paid academics to write on ‘kart kurt theory,’ commission report says." Today's Zaman. 25 November 2012. 472: 4491: 4207: 2923: 2100: 1914: 1622: 302: 3770: 3718: 2694: 2664: 1171: 1119: 57: 4402: 4254: 3673: 3274: 3220: 1825: 1669: 1074: 669: 607: 4511: 3296: 2978: 2709: 1934: 691: 357: 72: 2223:
where there is a large Kurdish population. Anti-Kurdism manifested itself in the form of genocide and
3864: 3678: 3580: 3465: 3127: 3095: 2765: 2699: 2568:"Kurdish staff told 'IS are doing the right thing by killing all the Kurds' in their Cheltenham shop" 2116: 1265: 1079: 973: 858: 514: 482: 136: 62: 4124: 4012: 3859: 3628: 3565: 3393: 3348: 3210: 3090: 3072: 3008: 2938: 2822: 2266: 1531: 1419: 1260: 1029: 958: 788: 743: 597: 477: 457: 387: 317: 193: 4578: 4407: 4387: 4249: 4239: 4197: 3827: 3668: 3530: 3500: 3495: 3438: 3373: 3358: 3291: 3264: 3249: 2657: 2032: 1830: 1810: 1664: 1654: 1612: 1228: 1069: 923: 893: 888: 833: 768: 753: 686: 659: 644: 23: 3475: 868: 4506: 4479: 4469: 3949: 3929: 3792: 3663: 3560: 3510: 3480: 3388: 3368: 3343: 3338: 3333: 3244: 3215: 3188: 3159: 3154: 2750: 2740: 2248: 1929: 1902: 1892: 1350: 1330: 1193: 1064: 953: 903: 873: 783: 763: 738: 733: 728: 639: 602: 575: 546: 541: 121: 111: 4474: 4434: 4367: 4264: 4212: 4139: 3894: 3658: 3570: 3545: 3540: 3525: 3520: 3515: 3455: 3403: 3363: 3269: 3239: 3137: 2760: 2482: 2322: 1897: 1857: 1790: 1679: 1627: 1546: 1295: 1059: 963: 938: 933: 918: 913: 908: 850: 798: 758: 664: 634: 524: 131: 4345: 3879: 3753: 3470: 3428: 3378: 3353: 3169: 3132: 2873: 2735: 2572: 2255: 2209: 2189: 1768: 1280: 1154: 863: 823: 773: 748: 556: 519: 252: 106: 8: 4521: 4382: 4017: 3919: 3899: 3688: 3596: 3555: 3535: 3505: 3398: 3193: 3003: 2509:"The International Community Must Stop Turkey's Ethnic Cleansing Plans in Northern Syria" 2170: 1944: 1805: 1424: 1320: 1300: 1089: 997: 948: 928: 898: 793: 580: 382: 4294: 4289: 4279: 4227: 4217: 4192: 4134: 4092: 4002: 3997: 3992: 3904: 3205: 2380: 2193: 2157: 1709: 1704: 1694: 1642: 1632: 1607: 1541: 1499: 1409: 1404: 1399: 1305: 592: 2532: 2133:
during the mid- to late twentieth century. Much anti-Kurdish sentiment is a result of
2122: 2107:
have increased awareness but also heightened anti-Kurdish actions and discrimination.
2072: 4553: 4464: 4392: 4377: 4176: 4119: 3924: 3832: 3723: 3643: 3490: 2790: 2488: 2372: 2328: 2149: 2134: 2066: 1976: 1887: 1815: 1800: 1583: 1526: 1325: 1233: 1124: 1044: 883: 161: 4516: 4501: 4429: 4350: 4320: 4151: 3987: 3693: 3259: 3254: 3100: 2998: 2364: 2296: 2213: 2161: 2153: 2080: 1939: 1924: 1852: 1773: 1743: 1558: 1394: 1094: 654: 649: 487: 377: 4531: 4439: 4335: 4284: 4144: 4129: 4109: 4074: 3787: 3698: 3633: 3433: 3383: 3164: 3023: 2556:
Yildiz, Kerim. The Kurds in Syria: The Forgotten People. Palgrave Macmillan. 2005
2441: 2232: 2145: 2062: 1954: 1862: 1758: 1699: 1551: 1536: 1516: 1481: 1188: 1099: 1034: 828: 778: 551: 402: 2140:
In Turkey, Kurdish identity was officially denied by the state, which sought to
2069:. A person who holds such positions is sometimes referred to as a "Kurdophobe". 4526: 4484: 4454: 4444: 4362: 4355: 4340: 4330: 4166: 4102: 4044: 4039: 4024: 3807: 3802: 3797: 3683: 3618: 3142: 3115: 2968: 2680: 2291: 2228: 2224: 2201: 2174: 2096: 2092: 2036: 1949: 1907: 1877: 1867: 1785: 1778: 1763: 1753: 1573: 1509: 1451: 1446: 1431: 1208: 1203: 1198: 1084: 1019: 529: 502: 347: 31: 2368: 4603: 4538: 4161: 4097: 4082: 3944: 3909: 3889: 3760: 3703: 3638: 3045: 2948: 2618:"Violence, hate crimes toward Kurds in Turkey a 'disgrace' – DW – 10/22/2019" 2591: 2376: 2141: 1961: 1568: 1504: 1489: 1345: 1310: 1290: 1161: 1104: 1039: 424: 327: 4372: 4259: 4087: 4054: 4034: 3964: 3954: 3934: 3914: 3550: 3448: 3443: 3174: 3149: 3013: 2953: 2918: 2888: 2286: 1795: 1674: 1494: 1461: 1441: 1365: 1355: 1335: 1315: 943: 843: 838: 561: 536: 392: 332: 297: 267: 2484:
Islam, Democracy and Dialogue in Turkey: Deliberating in Divided Societies
2269:, was attacked by Turks while he was out buying food in Turkey's capital, 4274: 4234: 4202: 4069: 4029: 3869: 3782: 3733: 3708: 3608: 3301: 3035: 3018: 2973: 2893: 2197: 1689: 1649: 1617: 1476: 1436: 1270: 1183: 1134: 1109: 1009: 696: 414: 397: 352: 272: 2091:, similar anti-Kurdish policies have caused significant harm, including 4548: 4543: 4424: 4419: 4315: 4299: 4156: 4049: 4007: 3969: 3777: 3765: 3738: 3728: 3648: 3062: 3057: 3028: 2963: 2812: 2384: 2352: 2258: 2185: 1971: 1966: 1847: 1842: 1738: 1714: 1563: 1456: 1414: 1370: 1178: 1166: 1139: 1129: 1049: 441: 436: 407: 342: 183: 4449: 4397: 4114: 3713: 2838: 2178: 2058: 1872: 1820: 1521: 1114: 217: 2636:"Case closed concerning elderly man attacked while speaking Kurdish" 4414: 4244: 4171: 3822: 3748: 3653: 3613: 2993: 2988: 2983: 2908: 2903: 2848: 2353:"The Turkish State Discourse and the Exclusion of Kurdish Identity" 1837: 1659: 1578: 1223: 1149: 1054: 1014: 372: 367: 362: 287: 282: 227: 2913: 2817: 2797: 2770: 2745: 2649: 292: 188: 168: 141: 116: 39: 3874: 2898: 2802: 2780: 2775: 2725: 2270: 2262: 2130: 2076: 1275: 277: 173: 151: 146: 96: 2079:, the government has historically denied Kurdish identity and 2075:
coined the term to describe how Kurds have been oppressed. In
3884: 2730: 2592:"Footballer Deniz Naki flees Turkey for Germany after attack" 2533:"Reality Check: How many attacks did Turkey face from Afrin?" 2205: 2200:
the new republic by cracking down on political dissent among
2121:
The term 'anti-Kurdism' appears to have been first coined by
2084: 2054: 1285: 101: 2458:"Reconciling Statism with Freedom, Turkey's Kurdish Opening" 2243:
Kurds in Iraq and Syria were embroiled in a war against the
4496: 4325: 2220: 2137:
ideologies promoted by the states which control Kurdistan.
2126: 2104: 2088: 1919: 1748: 2053:, is hostility, fear, intolerance or racism against the 2204:. Following the collapse of the United Arab Republic, 2181:" to justify military encroachment on Kurdish areas. 16:
Hostility, prejudice, or discrimination against Kurds
2125:, who used it to describe anti-Kurdish sentiment in 2513:
Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs
2324:
A People Without a Country: The Kurds and Kurdistan
4460:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States 2411:"Letters Q, W, And X Were Once Illegal in Turkey" 1883:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States 4601: 2219:Anti-Kurdish sentiment has also been present in 4120:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) 2320: 1527:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) 3602:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 2316: 2314: 2312: 1003:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 2665: 2008: 3818:List of people killed for being transgender 2309: 1219:List of people killed for being transgender 2672: 2658: 2480: 2015: 2001: 2487:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. pp. 85–. 2265:. Naki, who played for the Turkish club, 2929:Social determinants of health in poverty 2474: 2455: 2184:Anti-Kurdish sentiment increased in the 2026: 308:Social determinants of health in poverty 4602: 2565: 2653: 2350: 2165:Turkish diplomats were taught by the 2110: 4584: 3624:Capital punishment for homosexuality 2934:Social determinants of mental health 2566:Crouch, Giulia (February 10, 2015). 2451: 2449: 2396: 2394: 2346: 2344: 2245:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant 2238: 1025:Capital punishment for homosexuality 313:Social determinants of mental health 3744:Genital modification and mutilation 2456:Karaveli, Halil M. (October 2010). 2177:. The Turkish state uses "fighting 1145:Genital modification and mutilation 13: 2679: 14: 4626: 2615: 2446: 2391: 2341: 2208:would be officially declared the 4583: 4574: 4573: 4223:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 4060:Law for Protection of the Nation 3960:White genocide conspiracy theory 2470:from the original on 2021-04-30. 1638:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 1467:Law for Protection of the Nation 1361:White genocide conspiracy theory 38: 4065:MSM blood donation restrictions 3813:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory 2628: 2609: 2584: 2559: 2550: 2261:was the victim of an attack in 2099:. Recently, conflicts like the 1472:MSM blood donation restrictions 1214:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory 4078:(as religious or racial quota) 2642:(in Turkish). 21 October 2019. 2525: 2501: 2427: 2403: 1485:(as religious or racial quota) 1: 4492:Second-generation gender bias 4208:Constitutional colorblindness 2924:Social determinants of health 2302: 1915:Second-generation gender bias 1623:Constitutional colorblindness 303:Social determinants of health 2254:In November 2014, a Kurdish 2188:during the formation of the 7: 4403:Medical model of disability 4255:Hate speech laws by country 2327:. Zed Books. pp. 85–. 2280: 2031:Cemetery of victims of the 1826:Medical model of disability 1670:Hate speech laws by country 10: 4631: 4512:Social model of disability 2979:Discrimination against men 2114: 1935:Social model of disability 358:Discrimination against men 4569: 4308: 4185: 3978: 3865:Opposition to immigration 3589: 3229: 3071: 2831: 2781:Race / Ethnicity 2718: 2687: 2369:10.1080/00263209608701112 2117:Denial of Kurds by Turkey 1266:Opposition to immigration 152:Race / Ethnicity 3860:Occupational segregation 3629:Compulsory sterilization 2321:Gérard Chaliand (1993). 2196:implemented a policy of 1261:Occupational segregation 1030:Compulsory sterilization 4610:Anti-national sentiment 4388:Internalized oppression 4250:Fighting Discrimination 4240:Fat acceptance movement 4198:Anti-discrimination law 3838:Native American mascots 2167:National Secret Service 2033:Halabja chemical attack 1811:Internalized oppression 1665:Fighting Discrimination 1655:Fat acceptance movement 1613:Anti-discrimination law 1239:Native American mascots 4615:Anti-Kurdish sentiment 4507:Social identity threat 4480:Reverse discrimination 4470:Racial color blindness 3950:Violence against women 3930:Sex-selective abortion 2357:Middle Eastern Studies 2043:Anti-Kurdish sentiment 2039: 1930:Social identity threat 1903:Reverse discrimination 1893:Racial color blindness 1351:Violence against women 1331:Sex-selective abortion 4475:Religious intolerance 4435:Political correctness 4265:Intersex human rights 4213:Cultural assimilation 3895:Religious persecution 3659:Disability hate crime 3444:Jewish / Antisemitism 2580:on February 11, 2015. 2415:www.amusingplanet.com 2351:Yeğen, Mesut (1996). 2030: 1898:Religious intolerance 1858:Political correctness 1680:Intersex human rights 1628:Cultural assimilation 1296:Religious persecution 1060:Disability hate crime 839:Jewish / Antisemitism 3880:Political repression 2884:Anti-left handedness 2874:Anti-intellectualism 2640:www.duvarenglish.com 2573:Gloucestershire Echo 2212:based on these same 2210:Syrian Arab Republic 2190:United Arab Republic 1281:Political repression 263:Anti-left handedness 253:Anti-intellectualism 4383:Historical eugenics 3920:Segregation academy 3900:Religious terrorism 3689:Enemy of the people 3597:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 3111:Jehovah's Witnesses 3004:Perpetual foreigner 2481:Bora Kanra (2009). 2267:Gençlerbirliği S.K. 2171:Turkish nationalist 2093:genocidal campaigns 1806:Historical eugenics 1321:Segregation academy 1301:Religious terrorism 1090:Enemy of the people 998:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 498:Jehovah's Witnesses 383:Perpetual foreigner 4295:Social integration 4290:Self-determination 4280:Racial integration 4228:Diversity training 4218:Cultural pluralism 4193:Affirmative action 4093:Racial segregation 4003:Crime of apartheid 3905:Religious violence 3408:Indigenous people 2808:Sexual orientation 2440:2016-05-30 at the 2249:advocated genocide 2194:Gamal Abdel Nasser 2160:institutionalized 2158:Turkish government 2111:Origin and history 2040: 1710:Social integration 1705:Self-determination 1695:Racial integration 1643:Diversity training 1633:Cultural pluralism 1608:Affirmative action 1500:Racial segregation 1410:Crime of apartheid 1306:Religious violence 803:Indigenous people 179:Sexual orientation 4597: 4596: 4465:Racism by country 4393:Intersectionality 4378:Heteronormativity 4177:Voter suppression 3925:Sexual harassment 3724:Forced conversion 3644:Cultural genocide 3307:African Americans 3121:post–Cold War era 3106:Eastern Orthodoxy 2869:Anti-drug addicts 2864:Anti-homelessness 2791:Scientific racism 2494:978-0-7546-7878-6 2334:978-1-85649-194-5 2239:Current situation 2135:ultra-nationalist 2067:Kurdish languages 2025: 2024: 1888:Racism by country 1816:Intersectionality 1801:Heteronormativity 1584:Voter suppression 1326:Sexual harassment 1125:Forced conversion 1045:Cultural genocide 702:African Americans 508:post–Cold War era 493:Eastern Orthodoxy 248:Anti-drug addicts 243:Anti-homelessness 162:Scientific racism 4622: 4587: 4586: 4577: 4576: 4517:Social privilege 4502:Social exclusion 4430:Police brutality 4351:Multiculturalism 4321:Amatonormativity 4152:Social exclusion 3988:Age of candidacy 3788:Homeless dumping 3694:Ethnic cleansing 2674: 2667: 2660: 2651: 2650: 2644: 2643: 2632: 2626: 2625: 2613: 2607: 2606: 2604: 2603: 2588: 2582: 2581: 2576:. Archived from 2563: 2557: 2554: 2548: 2547: 2545: 2544: 2529: 2523: 2522: 2520: 2519: 2505: 2499: 2498: 2478: 2472: 2471: 2469: 2462: 2453: 2444: 2431: 2425: 2424: 2422: 2421: 2407: 2401: 2398: 2389: 2388: 2348: 2339: 2338: 2318: 2297:Halabja massacre 2214:Arab nationalist 2192:. At that time, 2154:Turkish alphabet 2045:, also known as 2017: 2010: 2003: 1940:Social privilege 1925:Social exclusion 1853:Police brutality 1774:Multiculturalism 1744:Amatonormativity 1559:Social exclusion 1395:Age of candidacy 1189:Homeless dumping 1095:Ethnic cleansing 42: 19: 18: 4630: 4629: 4625: 4624: 4623: 4621: 4620: 4619: 4600: 4599: 4598: 4593: 4565: 4440:Polyculturalism 4336:Civil liberties 4304: 4285:Reappropriation 4186:Countermeasures 4181: 4110:Racial steering 4076:Numerus clausus 3980: 3974: 3699:Ethnic conflict 3634:Corrective rape 3585: 3225: 3180:minority Muslim 3067: 2959:HIV/AIDS stigma 2827: 2776:Mental disorder 2714: 2683: 2678: 2648: 2647: 2634: 2633: 2629: 2614: 2610: 2601: 2599: 2590: 2589: 2585: 2564: 2560: 2555: 2551: 2542: 2540: 2531: 2530: 2526: 2517: 2515: 2507: 2506: 2502: 2495: 2479: 2475: 2467: 2460: 2454: 2447: 2442:Wayback Machine 2432: 2428: 2419: 2417: 2409: 2408: 2404: 2399: 2392: 2349: 2342: 2335: 2319: 2310: 2305: 2283: 2251:against Kurds. 2241: 2233:Iraqi Kurdistan 2146:Kurds in Turkey 2123:Gérard Chaliand 2119: 2113: 2073:Gérard Chaliand 2063:Kurdish culture 2035:perpetrated by 2021: 1992: 1991: 1990: 1989: 1988: 1863:Polyculturalism 1759:Civil liberties 1731: 1723: 1722: 1721: 1720: 1719: 1700:Reappropriation 1600: 1599:Countermeasures 1592: 1591: 1590: 1589: 1588: 1517:Racial steering 1483:Numerus clausus 1387: 1379: 1378: 1377: 1376: 1375: 1100:Ethnic conflict 1035:Corrective rape 990: 982: 981: 980: 979: 978: 627: 616: 615: 614: 613: 612: 567:minority Muslim 460: 450: 449: 448: 447: 446: 338:HIV/AIDS stigma 210: 202: 201: 200: 199: 198: 147:Mental disorder 89: 81: 80: 79: 78: 77: 50: 17: 12: 11: 5: 4628: 4618: 4617: 4612: 4595: 4594: 4592: 4591: 4581: 4570: 4567: 4566: 4564: 4563: 4558: 4557: 4556: 4546: 4541: 4536: 4535: 4534: 4529: 4524: 4514: 4509: 4504: 4499: 4494: 4489: 4488: 4487: 4485:Reverse racism 4477: 4472: 4467: 4462: 4457: 4455:Prisoner abuse 4452: 4447: 4445:Power distance 4442: 4437: 4432: 4427: 4422: 4417: 4412: 4411: 4410: 4400: 4395: 4390: 4385: 4380: 4375: 4370: 4365: 4363:Ethnic penalty 4360: 4359: 4358: 4356:Neurodiversity 4353: 4343: 4341:Dehumanization 4338: 4333: 4331:Cisnormativity 4328: 4323: 4318: 4312: 4310: 4309:Related topics 4306: 4305: 4303: 4302: 4297: 4292: 4287: 4282: 4277: 4272: 4267: 4262: 4257: 4252: 4247: 4242: 4237: 4232: 4231: 4230: 4220: 4215: 4210: 4205: 4200: 4195: 4189: 4187: 4183: 4182: 4180: 4179: 4174: 4169: 4167:State religion 4164: 4159: 4154: 4149: 4148: 4147: 4142: 4137: 4132: 4122: 4117: 4112: 4107: 4106: 4105: 4103:Nuremberg Laws 4100: 4090: 4085: 4080: 4072: 4067: 4062: 4057: 4052: 4047: 4045:Ghetto benches 4042: 4040:Gerrymandering 4037: 4032: 4027: 4025:Gender pay gap 4022: 4021: 4020: 4015: 4005: 4000: 3995: 3990: 3984: 3982: 3979:Discriminatory 3976: 3975: 3973: 3972: 3967: 3962: 3957: 3952: 3947: 3942: 3937: 3932: 3927: 3922: 3917: 3912: 3907: 3902: 3897: 3892: 3887: 3882: 3877: 3872: 3867: 3862: 3857: 3856: 3855: 3850: 3845: 3835: 3830: 3825: 3820: 3815: 3810: 3808:Lavender scare 3805: 3803:Kill Haole Day 3800: 3798:Indian rolling 3795: 3790: 3785: 3780: 3775: 3774: 3773: 3763: 3758: 3757: 3756: 3746: 3741: 3736: 3731: 3726: 3721: 3716: 3711: 3706: 3701: 3696: 3691: 3686: 3684:Eliminationism 3681: 3676: 3671: 3666: 3661: 3656: 3651: 3646: 3641: 3636: 3631: 3626: 3621: 3619:Cancel culture 3616: 3611: 3606: 3605: 3604: 3593: 3591: 3590:Manifestations 3587: 3586: 3584: 3583: 3578: 3573: 3568: 3563: 3558: 3553: 3548: 3543: 3538: 3533: 3528: 3523: 3518: 3513: 3508: 3503: 3498: 3493: 3488: 3486:Middle Eastern 3483: 3478: 3473: 3468: 3463: 3458: 3453: 3452: 3451: 3441: 3436: 3431: 3426: 3425: 3424: 3419: 3414: 3406: 3401: 3396: 3391: 3386: 3381: 3376: 3371: 3366: 3361: 3356: 3351: 3346: 3341: 3336: 3331: 3326: 3321: 3320: 3319: 3314: 3309: 3299: 3294: 3289: 3288: 3287: 3282: 3277: 3267: 3262: 3257: 3252: 3247: 3242: 3236: 3234: 3227: 3226: 3224: 3223: 3221:Zoroastrianism 3218: 3213: 3208: 3203: 3198: 3197: 3196: 3186: 3185: 3184: 3183: 3182: 3177: 3172: 3167: 3162: 3147: 3146: 3145: 3143:Untouchability 3140: 3130: 3125: 3124: 3123: 3118: 3113: 3108: 3103: 3093: 3088: 3083: 3077: 3075: 3069: 3068: 3066: 3065: 3060: 3055: 3054: 3053: 3048: 3043: 3033: 3032: 3031: 3026: 3016: 3011: 3006: 3001: 2996: 2991: 2986: 2981: 2976: 2971: 2969:Leprosy stigma 2966: 2961: 2956: 2951: 2946: 2941: 2936: 2931: 2926: 2921: 2916: 2911: 2906: 2901: 2896: 2891: 2886: 2881: 2876: 2871: 2866: 2861: 2856: 2851: 2846: 2841: 2835: 2833: 2829: 2828: 2826: 2825: 2820: 2815: 2810: 2805: 2800: 2795: 2794: 2793: 2788: 2778: 2773: 2768: 2763: 2758: 2753: 2748: 2743: 2738: 2733: 2728: 2722: 2720: 2716: 2715: 2713: 2712: 2707: 2702: 2697: 2691: 2689: 2685: 2684: 2681:Discrimination 2677: 2676: 2669: 2662: 2654: 2646: 2645: 2627: 2616:unker, Pelin. 2608: 2583: 2558: 2549: 2524: 2500: 2493: 2473: 2463:. p. 49. 2445: 2426: 2402: 2390: 2363:(2): 216–229. 2340: 2333: 2307: 2306: 2304: 2301: 2300: 2299: 2294: 2292:Anfal campaign 2289: 2282: 2279: 2240: 2237: 2229:Anfal campaign 2225:Saddam Hussein 2202:Kurds in Syria 2175:Turkish people 2112: 2109: 2097:Saddam Hussein 2095:in Iraq under 2055:Kurdish people 2037:Saddam Hussein 2023: 2022: 2020: 2019: 2012: 2005: 1997: 1994: 1993: 1987: 1986: 1981: 1980: 1979: 1969: 1964: 1959: 1958: 1957: 1952: 1947: 1937: 1932: 1927: 1922: 1917: 1912: 1911: 1910: 1908:Reverse racism 1900: 1895: 1890: 1885: 1880: 1878:Prisoner abuse 1875: 1870: 1868:Power distance 1865: 1860: 1855: 1850: 1845: 1840: 1835: 1834: 1833: 1823: 1818: 1813: 1808: 1803: 1798: 1793: 1788: 1786:Ethnic penalty 1783: 1782: 1781: 1779:Neurodiversity 1776: 1766: 1764:Dehumanization 1761: 1756: 1754:Cisnormativity 1751: 1746: 1741: 1735: 1734: 1733: 1732: 1730:Related topics 1729: 1728: 1725: 1724: 1718: 1717: 1712: 1707: 1702: 1697: 1692: 1687: 1682: 1677: 1672: 1667: 1662: 1657: 1652: 1647: 1646: 1645: 1635: 1630: 1625: 1620: 1615: 1610: 1604: 1603: 1602: 1601: 1598: 1597: 1594: 1593: 1587: 1586: 1581: 1576: 1574:State religion 1571: 1566: 1561: 1556: 1555: 1554: 1549: 1544: 1539: 1529: 1524: 1519: 1514: 1513: 1512: 1510:Nuremberg Laws 1507: 1497: 1492: 1487: 1479: 1474: 1469: 1464: 1459: 1454: 1452:Ghetto benches 1449: 1447:Gerrymandering 1444: 1439: 1434: 1432:Gender pay gap 1429: 1428: 1427: 1422: 1412: 1407: 1402: 1397: 1391: 1390: 1389: 1388: 1385: 1384: 1381: 1380: 1374: 1373: 1368: 1363: 1358: 1353: 1348: 1343: 1338: 1333: 1328: 1323: 1318: 1313: 1308: 1303: 1298: 1293: 1288: 1283: 1278: 1273: 1268: 1263: 1258: 1257: 1256: 1251: 1246: 1236: 1231: 1226: 1221: 1216: 1211: 1209:Lavender scare 1206: 1204:Kill Haole Day 1201: 1199:Indian rolling 1196: 1191: 1186: 1181: 1176: 1175: 1174: 1164: 1159: 1158: 1157: 1147: 1142: 1137: 1132: 1127: 1122: 1117: 1112: 1107: 1102: 1097: 1092: 1087: 1085:Eliminationism 1082: 1077: 1072: 1067: 1062: 1057: 1052: 1047: 1042: 1037: 1032: 1027: 1022: 1020:Cancel culture 1017: 1012: 1007: 1006: 1005: 994: 993: 992: 991: 989:Manifestations 988: 987: 984: 983: 977: 976: 971: 966: 961: 956: 951: 946: 941: 936: 931: 926: 921: 916: 911: 906: 901: 896: 891: 886: 881: 879:Middle Eastern 876: 871: 866: 861: 856: 853: 848: 847: 846: 836: 831: 826: 821: 820: 819: 814: 809: 801: 796: 791: 786: 781: 776: 771: 766: 761: 756: 751: 746: 741: 736: 731: 726: 721: 716: 715: 714: 709: 704: 694: 689: 684: 683: 682: 677: 672: 662: 657: 652: 647: 642: 637: 631: 630: 629: 628: 622: 621: 618: 617: 611: 610: 608:Zoroastrianism 605: 600: 595: 590: 585: 584: 583: 573: 572: 571: 570: 569: 564: 559: 554: 549: 534: 533: 532: 530:Untouchability 527: 517: 512: 511: 510: 505: 500: 495: 490: 480: 475: 470: 464: 463: 462: 461: 456: 455: 452: 451: 445: 444: 439: 434: 433: 432: 427: 422: 412: 411: 410: 405: 395: 390: 385: 380: 375: 370: 365: 360: 355: 350: 348:Leprosy stigma 345: 340: 335: 330: 325: 320: 315: 310: 305: 300: 295: 290: 285: 280: 275: 270: 265: 260: 255: 250: 245: 240: 235: 230: 225: 220: 214: 213: 212: 211: 208: 207: 204: 203: 197: 196: 191: 186: 181: 176: 171: 166: 165: 164: 159: 149: 144: 139: 134: 129: 124: 119: 114: 109: 104: 99: 93: 92: 91: 90: 87: 86: 83: 82: 76: 75: 70: 65: 60: 54: 53: 52: 51: 48: 47: 44: 43: 35: 34: 32:Discrimination 28: 27: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4627: 4616: 4613: 4611: 4608: 4607: 4605: 4590: 4582: 4580: 4572: 4571: 4568: 4562: 4559: 4555: 4552: 4551: 4550: 4547: 4545: 4542: 4540: 4539:Social stigma 4537: 4533: 4530: 4528: 4525: 4523: 4520: 4519: 4518: 4515: 4513: 4510: 4508: 4505: 4503: 4500: 4498: 4495: 4493: 4490: 4486: 4483: 4482: 4481: 4478: 4476: 4473: 4471: 4468: 4466: 4463: 4461: 4458: 4456: 4453: 4451: 4448: 4446: 4443: 4441: 4438: 4436: 4433: 4431: 4428: 4426: 4423: 4421: 4418: 4416: 4413: 4409: 4406: 4405: 4404: 4401: 4399: 4396: 4394: 4391: 4389: 4386: 4384: 4381: 4379: 4376: 4374: 4371: 4369: 4366: 4364: 4361: 4357: 4354: 4352: 4349: 4348: 4347: 4344: 4342: 4339: 4337: 4334: 4332: 4329: 4327: 4324: 4322: 4319: 4317: 4314: 4313: 4311: 4307: 4301: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4286: 4283: 4281: 4278: 4276: 4273: 4271: 4268: 4266: 4263: 4261: 4258: 4256: 4253: 4251: 4248: 4246: 4243: 4241: 4238: 4236: 4233: 4229: 4226: 4225: 4224: 4221: 4219: 4216: 4214: 4211: 4209: 4206: 4204: 4201: 4199: 4196: 4194: 4191: 4190: 4188: 4184: 4178: 4175: 4173: 4170: 4168: 4165: 4163: 4162:State atheism 4160: 4158: 4155: 4153: 4150: 4146: 4143: 4141: 4138: 4136: 4133: 4131: 4128: 4127: 4126: 4123: 4121: 4118: 4116: 4113: 4111: 4108: 4104: 4101: 4099: 4098:Jim Crow laws 4096: 4095: 4094: 4091: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4083:One-drop rule 4081: 4079: 4077: 4073: 4071: 4068: 4066: 4063: 4061: 4058: 4056: 4053: 4051: 4048: 4046: 4043: 4041: 4038: 4036: 4033: 4031: 4028: 4026: 4023: 4019: 4016: 4014: 4011: 4010: 4009: 4006: 4004: 4001: 3999: 3998:Blood quantum 3996: 3994: 3991: 3989: 3986: 3985: 3983: 3977: 3971: 3968: 3966: 3963: 3961: 3958: 3956: 3953: 3951: 3948: 3946: 3945:Victimisation 3943: 3941: 3940:Trans bashing 3938: 3936: 3933: 3931: 3928: 3926: 3923: 3921: 3918: 3916: 3913: 3911: 3910:Religious war 3908: 3906: 3903: 3901: 3898: 3896: 3893: 3891: 3890:Racialization 3888: 3886: 3883: 3881: 3878: 3876: 3873: 3871: 3868: 3866: 3863: 3861: 3858: 3854: 3851: 3849: 3846: 3844: 3841: 3840: 3839: 3836: 3834: 3831: 3829: 3826: 3824: 3821: 3819: 3816: 3814: 3811: 3809: 3806: 3804: 3801: 3799: 3796: 3794: 3791: 3789: 3786: 3784: 3781: 3779: 3776: 3772: 3769: 3768: 3767: 3764: 3762: 3761:Glass ceiling 3759: 3755: 3752: 3751: 3750: 3747: 3745: 3742: 3740: 3737: 3735: 3732: 3730: 3727: 3725: 3722: 3720: 3717: 3715: 3712: 3710: 3707: 3705: 3704:Ethnic hatred 3702: 3700: 3697: 3695: 3692: 3690: 3687: 3685: 3682: 3680: 3677: 3675: 3672: 3670: 3667: 3665: 3662: 3660: 3657: 3655: 3652: 3650: 3647: 3645: 3642: 3640: 3639:Counter-jihad 3637: 3635: 3632: 3630: 3627: 3625: 3622: 3620: 3617: 3615: 3612: 3610: 3607: 3603: 3600: 3599: 3598: 3595: 3594: 3592: 3588: 3582: 3579: 3577: 3574: 3572: 3569: 3567: 3564: 3562: 3559: 3557: 3554: 3552: 3549: 3547: 3544: 3542: 3539: 3537: 3534: 3532: 3529: 3527: 3524: 3522: 3519: 3517: 3514: 3512: 3509: 3507: 3504: 3502: 3499: 3497: 3494: 3492: 3489: 3487: 3484: 3482: 3479: 3477: 3474: 3472: 3469: 3467: 3464: 3462: 3459: 3457: 3454: 3450: 3447: 3446: 3445: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3435: 3432: 3430: 3427: 3423: 3422:United States 3420: 3418: 3415: 3413: 3410: 3409: 3407: 3405: 3402: 3400: 3397: 3395: 3392: 3390: 3387: 3385: 3382: 3380: 3377: 3375: 3372: 3370: 3367: 3365: 3362: 3360: 3357: 3355: 3352: 3350: 3347: 3345: 3342: 3340: 3337: 3335: 3332: 3330: 3327: 3325: 3322: 3318: 3315: 3313: 3310: 3308: 3305: 3304: 3303: 3300: 3298: 3295: 3293: 3290: 3286: 3285:United States 3283: 3281: 3278: 3276: 3273: 3272: 3271: 3268: 3266: 3263: 3261: 3258: 3256: 3253: 3251: 3248: 3246: 3243: 3241: 3238: 3237: 3235: 3233: 3228: 3222: 3219: 3217: 3214: 3212: 3209: 3207: 3206:Protestantism 3204: 3202: 3199: 3195: 3192: 3191: 3190: 3187: 3181: 3178: 3176: 3173: 3171: 3168: 3166: 3163: 3161: 3158: 3157: 3156: 3153: 3152: 3151: 3148: 3144: 3141: 3139: 3136: 3135: 3134: 3131: 3129: 3126: 3122: 3119: 3117: 3116:LDS or Mormon 3114: 3112: 3109: 3107: 3104: 3102: 3099: 3098: 3097: 3094: 3092: 3089: 3087: 3084: 3082: 3079: 3078: 3076: 3074: 3070: 3064: 3061: 3059: 3056: 3052: 3049: 3047: 3046:Transmisogyny 3044: 3042: 3039: 3038: 3037: 3034: 3030: 3027: 3025: 3022: 3021: 3020: 3017: 3015: 3012: 3010: 3007: 3005: 3002: 3000: 2997: 2995: 2992: 2990: 2987: 2985: 2982: 2980: 2977: 2975: 2972: 2970: 2967: 2965: 2962: 2960: 2957: 2955: 2952: 2950: 2949:Gerontophobia 2947: 2945: 2942: 2940: 2937: 2935: 2932: 2930: 2927: 2925: 2922: 2920: 2917: 2915: 2912: 2910: 2907: 2905: 2902: 2900: 2897: 2895: 2892: 2890: 2887: 2885: 2882: 2880: 2879:Anti-intersex 2877: 2875: 2872: 2870: 2867: 2865: 2862: 2860: 2857: 2855: 2854:Anti-albinism 2852: 2850: 2847: 2845: 2842: 2840: 2837: 2836: 2834: 2830: 2824: 2821: 2819: 2816: 2814: 2811: 2809: 2806: 2804: 2801: 2799: 2796: 2792: 2789: 2787: 2784: 2783: 2782: 2779: 2777: 2774: 2772: 2769: 2767: 2764: 2762: 2759: 2757: 2754: 2752: 2749: 2747: 2744: 2742: 2739: 2737: 2734: 2732: 2729: 2727: 2724: 2723: 2721: 2717: 2711: 2708: 2706: 2703: 2701: 2698: 2696: 2695:Institutional 2693: 2692: 2690: 2686: 2682: 2675: 2670: 2668: 2663: 2661: 2656: 2655: 2652: 2641: 2637: 2631: 2623: 2619: 2612: 2597: 2593: 2587: 2579: 2575: 2574: 2569: 2562: 2553: 2538: 2534: 2528: 2514: 2510: 2504: 2496: 2490: 2486: 2485: 2477: 2466: 2459: 2452: 2450: 2443: 2439: 2436: 2430: 2416: 2412: 2406: 2397: 2395: 2386: 2382: 2378: 2374: 2370: 2366: 2362: 2358: 2354: 2347: 2345: 2336: 2330: 2326: 2325: 2317: 2315: 2313: 2308: 2298: 2295: 2293: 2290: 2288: 2285: 2284: 2278: 2274: 2272: 2268: 2264: 2260: 2257: 2252: 2250: 2246: 2236: 2234: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2217: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2191: 2187: 2182: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2168: 2163: 2159: 2155: 2151: 2147: 2143: 2138: 2136: 2132: 2128: 2124: 2118: 2108: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2090: 2086: 2082: 2078: 2074: 2070: 2068: 2064: 2060: 2056: 2052: 2048: 2044: 2038: 2034: 2029: 2018: 2013: 2011: 2006: 2004: 1999: 1998: 1996: 1995: 1985: 1982: 1978: 1975: 1974: 1973: 1970: 1968: 1965: 1963: 1962:Social stigma 1960: 1956: 1953: 1951: 1948: 1946: 1943: 1942: 1941: 1938: 1936: 1933: 1931: 1928: 1926: 1923: 1921: 1918: 1916: 1913: 1909: 1906: 1905: 1904: 1901: 1899: 1896: 1894: 1891: 1889: 1886: 1884: 1881: 1879: 1876: 1874: 1871: 1869: 1866: 1864: 1861: 1859: 1856: 1854: 1851: 1849: 1846: 1844: 1841: 1839: 1836: 1832: 1829: 1828: 1827: 1824: 1822: 1819: 1817: 1814: 1812: 1809: 1807: 1804: 1802: 1799: 1797: 1794: 1792: 1789: 1787: 1784: 1780: 1777: 1775: 1772: 1771: 1770: 1767: 1765: 1762: 1760: 1757: 1755: 1752: 1750: 1747: 1745: 1742: 1740: 1737: 1736: 1727: 1726: 1716: 1713: 1711: 1708: 1706: 1703: 1701: 1698: 1696: 1693: 1691: 1688: 1686: 1683: 1681: 1678: 1676: 1673: 1671: 1668: 1666: 1663: 1661: 1658: 1656: 1653: 1651: 1648: 1644: 1641: 1640: 1639: 1636: 1634: 1631: 1629: 1626: 1624: 1621: 1619: 1616: 1614: 1611: 1609: 1606: 1605: 1596: 1595: 1585: 1582: 1580: 1577: 1575: 1572: 1570: 1569:State atheism 1567: 1565: 1562: 1560: 1557: 1553: 1550: 1548: 1545: 1543: 1540: 1538: 1535: 1534: 1533: 1530: 1528: 1525: 1523: 1520: 1518: 1515: 1511: 1508: 1506: 1505:Jim Crow laws 1503: 1502: 1501: 1498: 1496: 1493: 1491: 1490:One-drop rule 1488: 1486: 1484: 1480: 1478: 1475: 1473: 1470: 1468: 1465: 1463: 1460: 1458: 1455: 1453: 1450: 1448: 1445: 1443: 1440: 1438: 1435: 1433: 1430: 1426: 1423: 1421: 1418: 1417: 1416: 1413: 1411: 1408: 1406: 1405:Blood quantum 1403: 1401: 1398: 1396: 1393: 1392: 1383: 1382: 1372: 1369: 1367: 1364: 1362: 1359: 1357: 1354: 1352: 1349: 1347: 1346:Victimisation 1344: 1342: 1341:Trans bashing 1339: 1337: 1334: 1332: 1329: 1327: 1324: 1322: 1319: 1317: 1314: 1312: 1311:Religious war 1309: 1307: 1304: 1302: 1299: 1297: 1294: 1292: 1291:Racialization 1289: 1287: 1284: 1282: 1279: 1277: 1274: 1272: 1269: 1267: 1264: 1262: 1259: 1255: 1252: 1250: 1247: 1245: 1242: 1241: 1240: 1237: 1235: 1232: 1230: 1227: 1225: 1222: 1220: 1217: 1215: 1212: 1210: 1207: 1205: 1202: 1200: 1197: 1195: 1192: 1190: 1187: 1185: 1182: 1180: 1177: 1173: 1170: 1169: 1168: 1165: 1163: 1162:Glass ceiling 1160: 1156: 1153: 1152: 1151: 1148: 1146: 1143: 1141: 1138: 1136: 1133: 1131: 1128: 1126: 1123: 1121: 1118: 1116: 1113: 1111: 1108: 1106: 1105:Ethnic hatred 1103: 1101: 1098: 1096: 1093: 1091: 1088: 1086: 1083: 1081: 1078: 1076: 1073: 1071: 1068: 1066: 1063: 1061: 1058: 1056: 1053: 1051: 1048: 1046: 1043: 1041: 1040:Counter-jihad 1038: 1036: 1033: 1031: 1028: 1026: 1023: 1021: 1018: 1016: 1013: 1011: 1008: 1004: 1001: 1000: 999: 996: 995: 986: 985: 975: 972: 970: 967: 965: 962: 960: 957: 955: 952: 950: 947: 945: 942: 940: 937: 935: 932: 930: 927: 925: 922: 920: 917: 915: 912: 910: 907: 905: 902: 900: 897: 895: 892: 890: 887: 885: 882: 880: 877: 875: 872: 870: 867: 865: 862: 860: 857: 854: 852: 849: 845: 842: 841: 840: 837: 835: 832: 830: 827: 825: 822: 818: 817:United States 815: 813: 810: 808: 805: 804: 802: 800: 797: 795: 792: 790: 787: 785: 782: 780: 777: 775: 772: 770: 767: 765: 762: 760: 757: 755: 752: 750: 747: 745: 742: 740: 737: 735: 732: 730: 727: 725: 722: 720: 717: 713: 710: 708: 705: 703: 700: 699: 698: 695: 693: 690: 688: 685: 681: 680:United States 678: 676: 673: 671: 668: 667: 666: 663: 661: 658: 656: 653: 651: 648: 646: 643: 641: 638: 636: 633: 632: 626: 620: 619: 609: 606: 604: 601: 599: 596: 594: 593:Protestantism 591: 589: 586: 582: 579: 578: 577: 574: 568: 565: 563: 560: 558: 555: 553: 550: 548: 545: 544: 543: 540: 539: 538: 535: 531: 528: 526: 523: 522: 521: 518: 516: 513: 509: 506: 504: 503:LDS or Mormon 501: 499: 496: 494: 491: 489: 486: 485: 484: 481: 479: 476: 474: 471: 469: 466: 465: 459: 454: 453: 443: 440: 438: 435: 431: 428: 426: 425:Transmisogyny 423: 421: 418: 417: 416: 413: 409: 406: 404: 401: 400: 399: 396: 394: 391: 389: 386: 384: 381: 379: 376: 374: 371: 369: 366: 364: 361: 359: 356: 354: 351: 349: 346: 344: 341: 339: 336: 334: 331: 329: 328:Gerontophobia 326: 324: 321: 319: 316: 314: 311: 309: 306: 304: 301: 299: 296: 294: 291: 289: 286: 284: 281: 279: 276: 274: 271: 269: 266: 264: 261: 259: 258:Anti-intersex 256: 254: 251: 249: 246: 244: 241: 239: 236: 234: 233:Anti-albinism 231: 229: 226: 224: 221: 219: 216: 215: 206: 205: 195: 192: 190: 187: 185: 182: 180: 177: 175: 172: 170: 167: 163: 160: 158: 155: 154: 153: 150: 148: 145: 143: 140: 138: 135: 133: 130: 128: 125: 123: 120: 118: 115: 113: 110: 108: 105: 103: 100: 98: 95: 94: 85: 84: 74: 71: 69: 66: 64: 61: 59: 58:Institutional 56: 55: 46: 45: 41: 37: 36: 33: 30: 29: 25: 21: 20: 4373:Gender-blind 4260:Human rights 4088:Racial quota 4075: 4055:Jewish quota 4035:Gerontocracy 4030:Gender roles 4008:Disabilities 3993:Blood purity 3965:Wife selling 3955:White flight 3935:Slut-shaming 3915:Scapegoating 3833:Murder music 3506:Palestinians 3460: 3449:Anti-Zionism 3317:South Africa 3302:Black people 3280:South Africa 3096:Christianity 3086:Baháʼí Faith 3014:Sectarianism 2954:Heterosexism 2919:Ephebiphobia 2889:Anti-Masonry 2756:Hair texture 2639: 2630: 2621: 2611: 2600:. Retrieved 2598:. 2014-11-06 2595: 2586: 2578:the original 2571: 2561: 2552: 2541:. Retrieved 2539:. 2018-03-20 2536: 2527: 2516:. Retrieved 2512: 2503: 2483: 2476: 2429: 2418:. Retrieved 2414: 2405: 2360: 2356: 2323: 2275: 2253: 2242: 2218: 2183: 2152:but not the 2139: 2120: 2071: 2050: 2047:anti-Kurdism 2046: 2042: 2041: 1796:Gender-blind 1675:Human rights 1495:Racial quota 1482: 1462:Jewish quota 1442:Gerontocracy 1437:Gender roles 1415:Disabilities 1400:Blood purity 1366:Wife selling 1356:White flight 1336:Slut-shaming 1316:Scapegoating 1234:Murder music 899:Palestinians 844:Anti-Zionism 712:South Africa 697:Black people 675:South Africa 483:Christianity 473:Baháʼí Faith 393:Sectarianism 333:Heterosexism 298:Ephebiphobia 268:Anti-Masonry 127:Hair texture 4275:Nonviolence 4270:LGBT rights 4235:Empowerment 4203:Anti-racism 4125:Segregation 4070:No kid zone 3870:Persecution 3783:Hate speech 3734:Gay bashing 3709:Ethnic joke 3664:Dog whistle 3609:Blood libel 3297:Azerbaijani 3201:Neopaganism 3194:Persecution 3155:Persecution 3138:Persecution 3101:Catholicism 3036:Transphobia 3019:Supremacism 2974:Lesbophobia 2894:Aporophobia 2859:Anti-autism 2710:Taste-based 2705:Statistical 2051:Kurdophobia 1690:Nonviolence 1685:LGBT rights 1650:Empowerment 1618:Anti-racism 1532:Segregation 1477:No kid zone 1271:Persecution 1184:Hate speech 1135:Gay bashing 1110:Ethnic joke 1065:Dog whistle 1010:Blood libel 692:Azerbaijani 588:Neopaganism 581:Persecution 542:Persecution 525:Persecution 488:Catholicism 415:Transphobia 398:Supremacism 353:Lesbophobia 273:Aporophobia 238:Anti-autism 73:Taste-based 68:Statistical 4604:Categories 4549:Stereotype 4544:Speciesism 4425:Oppression 4420:Oikophobia 4316:Allophilia 4300:Toleration 4157:Sodomy law 4050:Internment 3970:Witch-hunt 3848:Blackhawks 3778:Hate group 3766:Hate crime 3739:Gendercide 3729:Freak show 3719:Excellence 3679:Employment 3649:Defamation 3581:Vietnamese 3576:Venezuelan 3466:Lithuanian 3128:Falun Gong 3063:Xenophobia 3058:Vegaphobia 3041:Non-binary 2999:Pedophobia 2964:Homophobia 2786:Skin color 2746:Disability 2719:Attributes 2700:Structural 2602:2023-03-03 2543:2021-09-09 2518:2021-09-09 2420:2021-03-13 2303:References 2259:Deniz Naki 2256:footballer 2216:policies. 2186:Arab world 2115:See also: 1972:Stereotype 1967:Speciesism 1848:Oppression 1843:Oikophobia 1739:Allophilia 1715:Toleration 1564:Sodomy law 1457:Internment 1371:Witch-hunt 1249:Blackhawks 1179:Hate group 1167:Hate crime 1140:Gendercide 1130:Freak show 1120:Excellence 1080:Employment 1050:Defamation 974:Vietnamese 969:Venezuelan 859:Lithuanian 515:Falun Gong 442:Xenophobia 437:Vegaphobia 420:Non-binary 378:Pedophobia 343:Homophobia 157:Skin color 117:Disability 88:Attributes 63:Structural 4522:Christian 4450:Prejudice 4398:Masculism 4346:Diversity 4140:religious 4115:Redlining 3714:Ethnocide 3674:Education 3566:Ukrainian 3501:Pakistani 3491:Mongolian 3412:Australia 3394:Hungarian 3349:Colombian 3329:Bulgarian 3211:Rastafari 3160:Ahmadiyya 3073:Religious 3051:Trans men 3009:Pregnancy 2944:Gayphobia 2939:Fatphobia 2844:Acephobia 2839:Arophobia 2823:Viewpoint 2377:0026-3206 2287:Ba'athism 2198:Arabizing 2179:terrorism 2059:Kurdistan 1945:Christian 1873:Prejudice 1821:Masculism 1769:Diversity 1547:religious 1522:Redlining 1115:Ethnocide 1075:Education 959:Ukrainian 894:Pakistani 884:Mongolian 807:Australia 789:Hungarian 744:Colombian 724:Bulgarian 598:Rastafari 547:Ahmadiyya 458:Religious 430:Trans men 388:Pregnancy 323:Gayphobia 318:Fatphobia 223:Acephobia 218:Arophobia 194:Viewpoint 4579:Category 4561:The talk 4497:Snobbery 4415:Net bias 4245:Feminism 4172:Ugly law 4013:Catholic 3981:policies 3828:Mortgage 3823:Lynching 3754:examples 3749:Genocide 3669:Economic 3654:Democide 3614:Bullying 3531:Romanian 3496:Nigerian 3439:Japanese 3374:Georgian 3359:Filipino 3292:Assyrian 3265:Armenian 3255:American 3250:Albanian 3232:National 3216:Yazidism 3133:Hinduism 3091:Buddhism 2994:Nepotism 2989:Misogyny 2984:Misandry 2909:Clannism 2904:Biphobia 2849:Adultism 2766:Language 2596:BBC News 2537:BBC News 2465:Archived 2438:Archived 2281:See also 2103:against 2081:language 1984:The talk 1920:Snobbery 1838:Net bias 1660:Feminism 1579:Ugly law 1420:Catholic 1386:Policies 1229:Mortgage 1224:Lynching 1155:examples 1150:Genocide 1070:Economic 1055:Democide 1015:Bullying 924:Romanian 889:Nigerian 834:Japanese 769:Georgian 754:Filipino 687:Assyrian 660:Armenian 650:American 645:Albanian 625:national 603:Yazidism 520:Hinduism 478:Buddhism 373:Nepotism 368:Misogyny 363:Misandry 288:Clannism 283:Biphobia 228:Adultism 137:Language 24:a series 22:Part of 4589:Commons 4368:Figleaf 3793:Housing 3561:Turkish 3511:Pashtun 3481:Mexican 3461:Kurdish 3434:Italian 3384:Haitian 3369:Finnish 3344:Chinese 3339:Chechen 3334:Catalan 3324:Bengali 3245:African 3230:Ethnic/ 3189:Judaism 3175:Sunnism 3165:Shi'ism 3081:Atheism 2914:Elitism 2813:Species 2751:Genetic 2741:Dialect 2385:4283801 2150:Kurdish 2142:Turkify 1791:Figleaf 1194:Housing 954:Turkish 904:Pashtun 874:Mexican 855:Kurdish 829:Italian 779:Haitian 764:Finnish 739:Chinese 734:Chechen 729:Catalan 719:Bengali 640:African 623:Ethnic/ 576:Judaism 562:Sunnism 552:Shi'ism 468:Atheism 293:Elitism 184:Species 122:Genetic 112:Dialect 4554:threat 4408:autism 4145:sexual 4135:racial 4018:Jewish 3875:Pogrom 3853:Chiefs 3843:Braves 3571:Uyghur 3546:Somali 3541:Slavic 3526:Romani 3521:Quebec 3516:Polish 3456:Korean 3417:Canada 3404:Indian 3389:Hazara 3364:Fulani 3275:France 3240:Afghan 3170:Sufism 2899:Audism 2832:Social 2761:Height 2622:dw.com 2491:  2383:  2375:  2331:  2271:Ankara 2263:Turkey 2162:racism 2156:. The 2131:Turkey 2077:Turkey 1977:threat 1831:autism 1552:sexual 1542:racial 1425:Jewish 1276:Pogrom 1254:Chiefs 1244:Braves 964:Uyghur 939:Somali 934:Slavic 919:Romani 914:Quebec 909:Polish 851:Korean 812:Canada 799:Indian 784:Hazara 759:Fulani 670:France 635:Afghan 557:Sufism 278:Audism 209:Social 132:Height 4532:white 3885:Purge 3551:Tatar 3476:Māori 3471:Malay 3429:Irish 3379:Greek 3354:Croat 3312:China 3270:Asian 3150:Islam 3024:White 2771:Looks 2736:Class 2731:Caste 2688:Forms 2468:(PDF) 2461:(PDF) 2381:JSTOR 2206:Syria 2101:fight 2085:Syria 2083:. In 2065:, or 1955:white 1286:Purge 944:Tatar 869:Māori 864:Malay 824:Irish 774:Greek 749:Croat 707:China 665:Asian 537:Islam 403:White 142:Looks 107:Class 102:Caste 49:Forms 4527:male 4326:Bias 3771:LGBT 3556:Thai 3536:Serb 3399:Igbo 3260:Arab 3029:Male 2818:Size 2798:Rank 2489:ISBN 2373:ISSN 2329:ISBN 2221:Iraq 2144:the 2129:and 2127:Iraq 2105:ISIS 2089:Iraq 2087:and 1950:male 1749:Bias 1172:LGBT 949:Thai 929:Serb 794:Igbo 655:Arab 408:Male 189:Size 169:Rank 4130:age 2803:Sex 2726:Age 2365:doi 2231:in 2227:'s 2049:or 1537:age 174:Sex 97:Age 4606:: 2638:. 2620:. 2594:. 2570:. 2535:. 2511:. 2448:^ 2413:. 2393:^ 2379:. 2371:. 2361:32 2359:. 2355:. 2343:^ 2311:^ 2235:. 2061:, 2057:, 26:on 2673:e 2666:t 2659:v 2624:. 2605:. 2546:. 2521:. 2497:. 2423:. 2387:. 2367:: 2337:. 2016:e 2009:t 2002:v

Index

a series
Discrimination

Institutional
Structural
Statistical
Taste-based
Age
Caste
Class
Dialect
Disability
Genetic
Hair texture
Height
Language
Looks
Mental disorder
Race / Ethnicity
Skin color
Scientific racism
Rank
Sex
Sexual orientation
Species
Size
Viewpoint
Arophobia
Acephobia
Adultism

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.