5589:
2207:
predominant preference for average to moderately tall height in both sexes. A study produced by the
Universities of Groningen and Valencia, found that the taller a man was, the less anxious he felt about attractive, physically dominant, and socially powerful rivals. This cultural characteristic of conferring relevance to height as an indicator of attractiveness, while applicable to the modernized world, is not a transcendental human quality.
2321:
40:
5599:
2133:
increased male adult wages by 2.6 percent. This is equal to an increase of approximately $ 850 in 1996 annual earnings (or $ 1,650 today). In other words, the height and corresponding social experiences of a taller male adolescent at age 16 would likely translate to higher wages in later adulthood as compared to a shorter male adolescent.
2420:
of adult mental disorder or reflect stigmatization or discrimination encountered by short men in their adult lives. A record linkage study of the birth, conscription, mortality, family, and census register data of 1,299,177 Swedish men followed from age 18 to a maximum of age 49 was performed and it
2290:
Examples of successful legal battles pursued against height discrimination in the workplace include a 2002 case involving highly qualified applicants being turned down for jobs at a bank because they were considered too short; a 2005 Swedish case involving an unfair height requirement for employment
2161:
pilots have to be 160 to 200 centimetres (63 to 79 in) tall with a sitting height of 86 to 102 centimetres (34 to 40 in). Other jobs require a maximum height or to be between a certain height range, such as flight attendant. These exceptions noted, in the great majority of cases a person's
2177:
Initial studies indicated that taller men are more likely to be married and to have more children, except in societies with severe sex imbalances caused by war. However, more recent research has drawn this theory into question, finding no correlation between height and offspring count, although the
2225:
imagined a totalitarian society in which people under the height of 5 feet (1.5 m) were systematically discriminated against. The program attracted considerable criticism and complaints which accused the writers of reinforcing prejudice and of using offensive terms; the writers responded that
2206:
with over 500 respondents, the perfect height for men for 53% of participants was between 1.78 m (5 ft 10 in) to 1.85 m (6 ft 1 in), while regarding female ideal height, 60% of respondents stated that it should be between 1.65 m (5 ft 5 in) and 1.75 m (5 ft 9 in), indicating a
2190:
A 2012 study found that both men and women are willing to excuse height differences by using a trade-off approach. Men may compensate 1.3 BMI units with a 1 percent higher wage than their wife. Women may compensate 2 BMI units with an additional year of higher education. Furthermore, a 2015 study
2132:
conjectured a "height premium" and found that "a 1.8-percent increase in wages accompanies every additional inch of height". They also found that men's wages as adults could be linked to their height at age 16. The researchers found that on an average an increase in height by one inch at age 16
2182:
conflicts with the notion that there is a distinct preference for taller mates. A 2008 study found that both extremes, tall and short, reduced attractiveness, and a 2006 study found that a higher leg-to-body ratio in both genders increased aesthetic appeal. Conversely, research by
2149:. The book examines the cultural, medical, and occupational issues that short people face, which are often deemed unimportant and disregarded. Osensky challenges heightism by disclosing some beneficial aspects of shortness and suggesting avenues of activism and change.
2306:
are becoming less common. In 2022 the
Supreme Court of Spain ruled that height requirements for joining the National Police Corps must take into account the average height for each sex in the Spanish population, disallowing a previous height rule for women.
2125:
showed that height is strongly related to success for men. It showed that increase in height for men corresponds to increase in income after controlling for other social psychological variables like age and weight. That same year, a study published in the
2162:
height would not seem to have an effect on how well they are able to perform their job. Nevertheless, studies have shown that short people are paid less than taller people, with disparities similar in magnitude to the race and gender gaps.
4615:
1000:
2071:
was coined by sociologist Saul
Feldman in a paper titled "The presentation of shortness in everyday life—height and heightism in American society: Toward a sociology of stature", presented at the meeting of the
2044:. In principle, it refers to the discriminatory treatment against individuals whose height is not within the normal acceptable range of height in a population. Various studies have shown it to be a cause of
2416:
found a strong inverse association between height and suicide in
Swedish men. In other words, the suicide rate was higher for shorter men. This may signify the importance of childhood exposure in the
3453:
of
Compliance Guidelines To Prohibit Weight and Height Discrimination; San Francisco Administrative Code Chapters 12A, 12B and 12C and San Francisco Municipal/Police Code Article 33, 26 July 2001.
2860:
Roehling, Mark V.; Roehling, Patricia V.; Pichler, Shaun (1 October 2007). "The relationship between body weight and perceived weight-related employment discrimination: The role of sex and race".
2187:
found that
American women exhibit a marked preference for dating taller men, and that for shorter men to be judged attractive by women, they must earn substantially more money than taller men.
4589:
966:
2299:
informal practice not to consider women who applied for jobs unless they were at least 5 ft 4 in (1.63 m) tall. Height requirements for employment which are not a
3140:"Ariely found that a 5'4" man would need to make $ 229,000 more than a 6' man to have equal appeal; a 5'6" man would need $ 183,000 more; a 5'10" man would need $ 32,000 more."
2915:"U.S. Air Force ROTC despite statistical and physical evidence to support the proposition that short people consistently have reduced reaction times.: Admissions requirements"
2693:
Feldman, Saul. "The presentation of shortness in everyday life—height and heightism in
American society: Toward a sociology of stature Paper". Presented at the meeting of the
3463:
3020:
2099:
can also be seen as an example of the increase in popular usage of phrases, particularly those relating to prejudice and discrimination, patterned after that of the word
2059:
and the culturally-ingrained unconscious heuristic association between height and the mentioned traits has also been found to be stronger when assessing men than women.
3226:
5078:
1469:
3427:
4146:
515:
3207:
3483:
3317:
4349:
2804:
How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a
Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda
726:
5473:
4856:
1880:
1241:
4300:
2012:
677:
3078:
3550:
3090:
2142:
found that
African-Americans reported higher weight and height related discrimination. This discrimination was even higher in female employees.
4221:
590:
3624:"Strong Inverse Association Between Height and Suicide in a Large Cohort of Swedish Men: Evidence of Early Life Origins of Suicidal Behavior?"
4861:
1246:
3581:
2839:
2492:
4831:
4442:
3984:
1216:
819:
345:
2996:
4131:
3598:
500:
2552:"The height leadership advantage in men and women: Testing evolutionary psychology predictions about the perceptions of tall leaders"
2234:, a documentary aired in 2008, demonstrated the obstacles and bigotry that short statured men face every day in life, love and work.
2082:
2389:
4066:
3954:
3687:
427:
315:
3017:
2824:
How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a
Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States
2361:
2331:
3379:
5574:
4305:
4076:
3894:
3879:
3874:
3720:
3036:
1981:
682:
437:
255:
240:
235:
67:
2668:
2198:, a sociological relationship between height and perceived attractiveness exists. For instance, in a 2019 survey performed by
2136:
Recent findings suggest that height discrimination occurs most often against racial minorities. A 2007 study published in the
5602:
4136:
3859:
3446:
2914:
2678:
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505:
220:
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3959:
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2005:
1022:
320:
126:
5283:
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4866:
4757:
4432:
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1682:
1338:
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1142:
809:
627:
245:
230:
4851:
4332:
2375:
2300:
1236:
709:
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4337:
3823:
3801:
3424:
3153:
2898:
2694:
2073:
876:
714:
176:
154:
5236:
5073:
4973:
4437:
4327:
2179:
1635:
1464:
1358:
814:
704:
3551:"Volvo's demand for a specific height for female work applicant is discrimination, the Swedish Labour Court rules"
2357:
5623:
4826:
4344:
4106:
3899:
2944:
1998:
1211:
721:
475:
260:
3969:
3304:
2862:
2550:
Blaker, Nancy M.; Rompa, Irene; Dessing, Inge H.; Vriend, Anne F.; Herschberg, Channah; van Vugt, Mark (2013).
2412:
2346:
2138:
330:
4111:
480:
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was found that a 5 cm (2 in) increase in height was associated with a 9% decrease in suicide risk.
2121:
2055:
Research indicates that people often use height as one factor to measure social status and fitness. Both the
1912:
1620:
310:
4784:
4732:
3710:
3680:
2831:
2811:
2500:
2263:
which would add Massachusetts to the list. Three American cities currently prohibit height discrimination:
2128:
1169:
1117:
57:
3524:
3511:
3018:
Miami University of Ohio: "Don't Want No Short, Short Man: The Study Of Height, Power, and Mate Selection"
5416:
5268:
4687:
4295:
4241:
3171:
1823:
1667:
1072:
672:
610:
2551:
2443:"The Effect of Physical Height on Workplace Success and Income: Preliminary Test of a Theoretical Model"
5525:
4317:
4004:
3725:
2158:
1932:
694:
365:
72:
3464:"Mayor Adams Signs Legislation To Prohibit Height Or Weight Discrimination In Employment, Housing, An"
3400:
3050:
2243:
was released. It told the story of a 16 year-old girl who struggled in high school due to her height.
4878:
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4479:
4153:
4121:
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3715:
3480:
2969:
2268:
1263:
1077:
971:
856:
522:
490:
134:
62:
3622:
Magnusson, Patrik K.E.; Gunnell, David; Tynelius, Per; Davey Smith, George; Rasmussen, Finn (2005).
3250:"How universal are human mate choices? Size does not matter when Hadza foragers are choosing a mate"
5138:
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4414:
4369:
4231:
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191:
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5263:
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5211:
4841:
4682:
4544:
4514:
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4312:
4285:
4270:
3673:
2715:
2195:
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1828:
1808:
1662:
1652:
1610:
1226:
1067:
921:
891:
886:
836:
771:
756:
689:
662:
647:
23:
4489:
3353:
866:
5520:
5493:
5483:
4963:
4943:
4806:
4677:
4574:
4524:
4494:
4474:
4409:
4389:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4265:
4236:
4209:
4185:
4180:
3766:
3756:
2822:
2802:
2525:
2342:
2287:, prohibits discrimination based on physical features under the Equal Opportunity Act of 1995.
2264:
2226:
their intention had been to show all prejudice was stupid and that height was chosen randomly.
1927:
1900:
1890:
1348:
1328:
1191:
1062:
951:
901:
871:
851:
786:
766:
741:
736:
731:
642:
605:
578:
554:
549:
121:
111:
3578:
3499:
5628:
5488:
5448:
5381:
5278:
5226:
5153:
4908:
4672:
4584:
4559:
4554:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4469:
4424:
4384:
4290:
4260:
4163:
2230:
1895:
1855:
1788:
1677:
1625:
1544:
1293:
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961:
936:
931:
916:
911:
906:
846:
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667:
637:
532:
3412:
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sample was 200 and consisted only of delinquent youth. Moreover, research on leg length and
5359:
4893:
4767:
4484:
4449:
4399:
4374:
4195:
4158:
3889:
3751:
2613:
2276:
2169:
were below 1.70 m (5 ft 7 in) in height, and 90% of CEOs are of above average height.
1766:
1278:
1152:
861:
826:
776:
751:
564:
527:
250:
106:
8:
5535:
5396:
5031:
4933:
4913:
4702:
4610:
4569:
4549:
4519:
4419:
4214:
4029:
3037:"Physique Correlates with Reproductive Success in an Archival Sample of Delinquent Youth"
2284:
1942:
1803:
1422:
1318:
1298:
1087:
995:
946:
926:
896:
796:
583:
390:
2617:
5308:
5303:
5293:
5241:
5231:
5206:
5148:
5106:
5016:
5011:
5006:
4918:
4226:
3282:
3249:
3066:
2753:
2644:
2601:
2582:
2517:
1707:
1702:
1692:
1640:
1630:
1605:
1539:
1497:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1303:
595:
2602:"Human Height Is Positively Related to Interpersonal Dominance in Dyadic Interactions"
5567:
5478:
5406:
5391:
5190:
5133:
4938:
4846:
4737:
4657:
4504:
3806:
3651:
3643:
3333:
3287:
3269:
3188:
3149:
3123:
3070:
2894:
2674:
2649:
2631:
2574:
2521:
2467:
1974:
1885:
1813:
1798:
1581:
1524:
1323:
1231:
1122:
1042:
881:
159:
2338:
2275:; New York City prohibits it in employment, housing, and public accommodations. The
5530:
5515:
5443:
5364:
5334:
5165:
5001:
4707:
4280:
4275:
4126:
4024:
3635:
3277:
3261:
3180:
3115:
3103:
3062:
2871:
2818:
2798:
2745:
2639:
2621:
2586:
2566:
2509:
2459:
2255:, that prohibits height discrimination. There is pending legislation introduced by
2191:
found that both men and women receive economic benefits from having a tall spouse.
1937:
1922:
1850:
1771:
1741:
1556:
1392:
1092:
657:
652:
495:
385:
3443:
2922:
2493:"The Effect of Adolescent Experience on Labor Market Outcomes: The Case of Height"
5545:
5453:
5349:
5298:
5158:
5143:
5123:
5088:
4801:
4712:
4647:
4454:
4404:
4190:
4049:
3585:
3487:
3450:
3431:
3119:
3024:
2773:
2736:
2731:
2626:
2600:
Stulp, Gert; Buunk, Abraham P.; Verhulst, Simon; Pollet, Thomas V. (2015-02-26).
2221:
2088:
2049:
1952:
1860:
1756:
1697:
1549:
1534:
1514:
1479:
1186:
1097:
1032:
831:
781:
559:
410:
3639:
5540:
5498:
5468:
5458:
5376:
5369:
5354:
5344:
5180:
5116:
5058:
5053:
5038:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4697:
4632:
4168:
4141:
3994:
3696:
2488:
2463:
2296:
2037:
1947:
1905:
1875:
1865:
1783:
1776:
1761:
1751:
1571:
1507:
1449:
1444:
1429:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1082:
1017:
537:
510:
355:
31:
3184:
3169:
Sohn, Kitae (1 July 2015). "The value of male height in the marriage market".
2875:
5617:
5552:
5175:
5111:
5096:
4958:
4923:
4903:
4774:
4717:
4652:
4071:
3974:
3647:
3273:
3141:
3127:
3074:
2734:(Spring 1985). "Historical Notes on the Vocabulary of the Women's Movement".
2635:
2578:
2570:
2272:
2260:
2256:
1959:
1566:
1502:
1487:
1343:
1308:
1288:
1159:
1102:
1037:
432:
335:
3434:
of the City of Santa Cruz code – "Prohibition against Discrimination", 1992.
5386:
5273:
5101:
5068:
5048:
4978:
4968:
4948:
4928:
4564:
4464:
4200:
4175:
4039:
3979:
3944:
3909:
3904:
3655:
3291:
3265:
3192:
2653:
2471:
2106:
Height discrimination can also come in the form of pejorative slang terms.
2041:
1793:
1672:
1492:
1459:
1439:
1363:
1353:
1333:
1313:
941:
841:
569:
544:
400:
340:
305:
270:
265:
3318:"CANOE - JAM! S&M: Short And Male: Short guys film rises to challenge"
5288:
5248:
5216:
5083:
5043:
4883:
4796:
4747:
4722:
4622:
4322:
4061:
4044:
3999:
3914:
2698:
1687:
1647:
1615:
1474:
1434:
1268:
1181:
1132:
1107:
1007:
699:
422:
405:
360:
275:
3320:. Jam.canoe.ca. 16 May 2008. Archived from the original on June 24, 2013
5562:
5557:
5438:
5433:
5329:
5313:
5170:
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5021:
4983:
4791:
4779:
4752:
4742:
4662:
4088:
4083:
4054:
3989:
3828:
3003:. Vol. 337, no. 7946. 1995-12-23. pp. 19–22 – via
2787:
The Tall Book: A Celebration of Life from on High, Arianne Cohen - 2009
2711:
2283:, Canada, prohibits height discrimination under the human rights code.
2184:
2114:
1969:
1964:
1845:
1840:
1736:
1712:
1561:
1454:
1412:
1368:
1176:
1164:
1137:
1127:
1047:
449:
444:
415:
350:
181:
2757:
5463:
5411:
5128:
4727:
3854:
2239:
2056:
2033:
1870:
1818:
1519:
1112:
215:
2891:
Shortchanged: Height Discrimination and Strategies for Social Change
2320:
2147:
Shortchanged: Height Discrimination and Strategies for Social Change
5428:
5258:
5185:
4836:
4762:
4667:
4627:
4019:
4014:
4009:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3864:
3621:
3004:
2749:
2667:
Cheng, Joey T.; Tracy, Jessica L.; Anderson, Cameron (2014-09-09).
2513:
2417:
2252:
2045:
1835:
1657:
1576:
1221:
1147:
1052:
1012:
380:
375:
370:
295:
290:
285:
225:
3939:
3833:
3813:
3786:
3761:
3665:
2280:
2203:
300:
186:
166:
139:
116:
39:
4888:
3919:
3818:
3796:
3791:
3741:
2961:
2837:
2251:
Currently, there is one state in the United States of America,
2101:
1273:
280:
171:
149:
144:
96:
16:
Prejudice or discrimination against individuals based on height
3599:"Top Spanish court nixes height rule for women joining police"
3354:"Short People Face Discrimination, Teasing and Lower Salaries"
4898:
3746:
2292:
2199:
1283:
101:
3615:
3102:
Swami, Viren; Einon, Dorothy; Furnham, Adrian (2006-12-01).
3051:"Adaptive preferences for leg length in a potential partner"
5510:
5339:
2487:
1917:
1746:
2974:
2216:
2945:"Weight & Height Restrictions for Flight Attendants"
2777:. Vol. 98, no. 14. 4 October 1971. p. 82.
2599:
2549:
3208:"Height considered ideal for men/women in Hungary 2019"
2859:
2279:
prohibits discrimination based on personal appearance.
3104:"The leg-to-body ratio as a human aesthetic criterion"
3049:
Sorokowski, Piotr; Pawlowski, Boguslaw (2008-03-01).
2145:
In 2017, attorney and author Tanya Osensky published
3146:
Marry Him: The Case for Settling for Mr. Good Enough
2115:
Employment wage and social experience discrimination
3048:
2109:
3514:Victoria, Australia Equal Opportunity Act of 1995.
2666:
5474:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States
3555:European Industrial Relations Observatory on-line
3101:
2157:Some jobs require a minimum height. For example,
1881:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States
5615:
3298:
5134:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting)
3380:"In short, stature's no joke, filmmaker argues"
3248:Sear, Rebecca; Marlowe, Frank W. (2009-10-23).
3164:
3162:
2092:magazine in a 1971 article on Feldman's paper.
1525:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting)
4616:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups
3403:of the Elliot Larsen Civil Rights Act of 1976.
2989:
2726:
2724:
2491:; Postlewaite, Andrew; Silverman, Dan (2004).
1001:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups
3681:
3406:
3205:
2006:
3468:The official website of the City of New York
3159:
2790:
2436:
2434:
2347:introducing citations to additional sources
2310:
2165:Surveys have uncovered that less than 3% of
4832:List of people killed for being transgender
3247:
2721:
2172:
1217:List of people killed for being transgender
3688:
3674:
3218:
2559:Group Processes & Intergroup Relations
2440:
2013:
1999:
3418:
3281:
3042:
3030:
2643:
2625:
2431:
2083:Second Barnhart Dictionary of New English
3955:Social determinants of health in poverty
3505:
3500:Policy on height and weight requirements
3394:
3011:
2817:
2797:
2337:Relevant discussion may be found on the
316:Social determinants of health in poverty
3579:Kohler Corp. Gender Discrimination Case
3517:
3493:
3415:of Massachusetts House bill 3752, 2006.
3224:
3095:
2888:
2840:"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–"
2730:
5616:
3572:
3490:District of Columbia Human Rights Act.
2907:
3669:
3542:
3437:
3241:
2838:Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis.
2483:
2481:
2048:, commonly manifested as unconscious
5598:
4638:Capital punishment for homosexuality
3960:Social determinants of mental health
3548:
3525:"Chinese height discrimination case"
3168:
2314:
2194:Nonetheless, on a cultural level in
1023:Capital punishment for homosexuality
321:Social determinants of mental health
4758:Genital modification and mutilation
2967:
2441:Judge, A. T.; Cable, D. M. (2004).
2410:A research report published in the
1143:Genital modification and mutilation
13:
3695:
3502:Ontario, Canada Human Rights Code.
3474:
3067:10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2007.09.002
2889:results, search (3 October 2017).
2478:
2237:In 2019, the teen romantic comedy
14:
5640:
2970:"Why tall people make more money"
2695:American Sociological Association
2074:American Sociological Association
5597:
5588:
5587:
5237:Diversity, equity, and inclusion
5074:Law for Protection of the Nation
4974:White genocide conspiracy theory
3227:"Short men are the jealous type"
2330:relies largely or entirely on a
2319:
2110:Height and social discrimination
1636:Diversity, equity, and inclusion
1465:Law for Protection of the Nation
1359:White genocide conspiracy theory
38:
5079:MSM blood donation restrictions
4827:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory
3591:
3456:
3372:
3346:
3310:
3199:
3134:
3081:from the original on 2016-11-26
2937:
2882:
2853:
2781:
2670:The Psychology of Social Status
2210:
1470:MSM blood donation restrictions
1212:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory
5092:(as religious or racial quota)
3628:American Journal of Psychiatry
3225:Cressey, Daniel (2008-03-13).
2863:Journal of Vocational Behavior
2764:
2704:
2687:
2660:
2593:
2543:
2413:American Journal of Psychiatry
2295:; and a 1999 case involving a
2152:
2139:Journal of Vocational Behavior
2119:A 2004 study published in the
1483:(as religious or racial quota)
1:
5506:Second-generation gender bias
5222:Constitutional colorblindness
3950:Social determinants of health
2451:Journal of Applied Psychology
2424:
2122:Journal of Applied Psychology
2062:
2040:against individuals based on
1913:Second-generation gender bias
1621:Constitutional colorblindness
311:Social determinants of health
3120:10.1016/j.bodyim.2006.08.003
3055:Evolution and Human Behavior
2832:American Antiquarian Society
2812:American Antiquarian Society
2627:10.1371/journal.pone.0117860
2501:Journal of Political Economy
2129:Journal of Political Economy
7:
5417:Medical model of disability
5269:Hate speech laws by country
3640:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.7.1373
3549:Berg, Annika (2005-09-21).
3172:Economics and Human Biology
1824:Medical model of disability
1668:Hate speech laws by country
10:
5645:
5526:Social model of disability
4005:Discrimination against men
2464:10.1037/0021-9010.89.3.428
2086:(1971) and popularized by
1933:Social model of disability
366:Discrimination against men
5583:
5322:
5199:
4992:
4879:Opposition to immigration
4603:
4250:
4097:
3847:
3797:Race / Ethnicity
3734:
3703:
3382:. Canada.com. 11 May 2008
3338:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
3185:10.1016/j.ehb.2015.05.004
2876:10.1016/j.jvb.2007.04.008
2311:Height and suicide in men
2269:San Francisco, California
1264:Opposition to immigration
150:Race / Ethnicity
4874:Occupational segregation
4643:Compulsory sterilization
3449:14 November 2006 at the
2997:"Short guys finish last"
2771:"Heightism.(Behavior)".
2571:10.1177/1368430212437211
2304:occupational requirement
2173:Perceived attractiveness
1259:Occupational segregation
1028:Compulsory sterilization
5402:Internalized oppression
5264:Fighting Discrimination
5254:Fat acceptance movement
5212:Anti-discrimination law
4852:Native American mascots
3486:6 December 2006 at the
3430:5 November 2006 at the
2716:Oxford University Press
2358:"Height discrimination"
2196:post-industrial society
1809:Internalized oppression
1663:Fighting Discrimination
1653:Fat acceptance movement
1611:Anti-discrimination law
1237:Native American mascots
5624:Discrimination by type
5521:Social identity threat
5494:Reverse discrimination
5484:Racial color blindness
4964:Violence against women
4944:Sex-selective abortion
3584:29 August 2017 at the
3266:10.1098/rsbl.2009.0342
3206:Clark, Daniel (2019).
2265:Santa Cruz, California
2246:
2231:S&M Short and Male
1928:Social identity threat
1901:Reverse discrimination
1891:Racial color blindness
1349:Violence against women
1329:Sex-selective abortion
5489:Religious intolerance
5449:Political correctness
5279:Intersex human rights
5227:Cultural assimilation
4909:Religious persecution
4673:Disability hate crime
2026:Height discrimination
1896:Religious intolerance
1856:Political correctness
1678:Intersex human rights
1626:Cultural assimilation
1294:Religious persecution
1058:Disability hate crime
4894:Political repression
3900:Anti-left handedness
3890:Anti-intellectualism
3307:in BBC Comedy Guide.
2343:improve this article
2277:District of Columbia
2080:was included in the
1279:Political repression
261:Anti-left handedness
251:Anti-intellectualism
5397:Historical eugenics
4934:Segregation academy
4914:Religious terrorism
4703:Enemy of the people
4611:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric
4137:Jehovah's Witnesses
4030:Perpetual foreigner
2618:2015PLoSO..1017860S
2531:on 18 November 2017
2285:Victoria, Australia
1804:Historical eugenics
1319:Segregation academy
1299:Religious terrorism
1088:Enemy of the people
996:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric
506:Jehovah's Witnesses
391:Perpetual foreigner
5309:Social integration
5304:Self-determination
5294:Racial integration
5242:Diversity training
5232:Cultural pluralism
5207:Affirmative action
5107:Racial segregation
5017:Crime of apartheid
4919:Religious violence
4429:Indigenous people
3824:Sexual orientation
3023:2015-01-26 at the
1708:Social integration
1703:Self-determination
1693:Racial integration
1641:Diversity training
1631:Cultural pluralism
1606:Affirmative action
1498:Racial segregation
1408:Crime of apartheid
1304:Religious violence
806:Indigenous people
177:Sexual orientation
5611:
5610:
5479:Racism by country
5407:Intersectionality
5392:Heteronormativity
5191:Voter suppression
4939:Sexual harassment
4738:Forced conversion
4658:Cultural genocide
4328:African Americans
4147:post–Cold War era
4132:Eastern Orthodoxy
3885:Anti-drug addicts
3880:Anti-homelessness
3807:Scientific racism
2925:on 8 October 2006
2718:. September 2006.
2680:978-1-4939-0867-7
2408:
2407:
2393:
2180:leg-to-body ratio
2023:
2022:
1886:Racism by country
1814:Intersectionality
1799:Heteronormativity
1582:Voter suppression
1324:Sexual harassment
1123:Forced conversion
1043:Cultural genocide
705:African Americans
516:post–Cold War era
501:Eastern Orthodoxy
246:Anti-drug addicts
241:Anti-homelessness
160:Scientific racism
5636:
5601:
5600:
5591:
5590:
5531:Social privilege
5516:Social exclusion
5444:Police brutality
5365:Multiculturalism
5335:Amatonormativity
5166:Social exclusion
5002:Age of candidacy
4802:Homeless dumping
4708:Ethnic cleansing
3690:
3683:
3676:
3667:
3666:
3660:
3659:
3634:(7): 1373–1375.
3619:
3613:
3612:
3610:
3609:
3603:CityNews Toronto
3595:
3589:
3576:
3570:
3569:
3567:
3566:
3557:. Archived from
3546:
3540:
3539:
3537:
3536:
3521:
3515:
3509:
3503:
3497:
3491:
3478:
3472:
3471:
3460:
3454:
3441:
3435:
3422:
3416:
3410:
3404:
3398:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3387:
3376:
3370:
3369:
3367:
3365:
3360:. 18 August 2009
3350:
3344:
3343:
3337:
3329:
3327:
3325:
3314:
3308:
3302:
3296:
3295:
3285:
3245:
3239:
3238:
3233:. Archived from
3222:
3216:
3215:
3203:
3197:
3196:
3166:
3157:
3138:
3132:
3131:
3099:
3093:
3089:
3087:
3086:
3046:
3040:
3034:
3028:
3015:
3009:
3008:
2993:
2987:
2986:
2984:
2982:
2965:
2959:
2958:
2956:
2955:
2949:Work - Chron.com
2941:
2935:
2934:
2932:
2930:
2921:. Archived from
2911:
2905:
2904:
2886:
2880:
2879:
2857:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2846:
2835:
2829:
2815:
2809:
2794:
2788:
2785:
2779:
2778:
2768:
2762:
2761:
2732:Shapiro, Fred R.
2728:
2719:
2708:
2702:
2691:
2685:
2684:
2664:
2658:
2657:
2647:
2629:
2597:
2591:
2590:
2556:
2547:
2541:
2540:
2538:
2536:
2530:
2524:. Archived from
2497:
2485:
2476:
2475:
2447:
2438:
2403:
2400:
2394:
2392:
2351:
2323:
2315:
2050:microaggressions
2015:
2008:
2001:
1938:Social privilege
1923:Social exclusion
1851:Police brutality
1772:Multiculturalism
1742:Amatonormativity
1557:Social exclusion
1393:Age of candidacy
1187:Homeless dumping
1093:Ethnic cleansing
42:
19:
18:
5644:
5643:
5639:
5638:
5637:
5635:
5634:
5633:
5614:
5613:
5612:
5607:
5579:
5454:Polyculturalism
5350:Civil liberties
5318:
5299:Reappropriation
5200:Countermeasures
5195:
5124:Racial steering
5090:Numerus clausus
4994:
4988:
4713:Ethnic conflict
4648:Corrective rape
4599:
4246:
4093:
3985:HIV/AIDS stigma
3843:
3792:Mental disorder
3730:
3699:
3694:
3664:
3663:
3620:
3616:
3607:
3605:
3597:
3596:
3592:
3586:Wayback Machine
3577:
3573:
3564:
3562:
3547:
3543:
3534:
3532:
3523:
3522:
3518:
3510:
3506:
3498:
3494:
3488:Wayback Machine
3479:
3475:
3470:. May 26, 2023.
3462:
3461:
3457:
3451:Wayback Machine
3442:
3438:
3432:Wayback Machine
3423:
3419:
3411:
3407:
3399:
3395:
3385:
3383:
3378:
3377:
3373:
3363:
3361:
3352:
3351:
3347:
3331:
3330:
3323:
3321:
3316:
3315:
3311:
3305:A Small Problem
3303:
3299:
3254:Biology Letters
3246:
3242:
3231:The Nature blog
3223:
3219:
3204:
3200:
3167:
3160:
3139:
3135:
3100:
3096:
3084:
3082:
3047:
3043:
3035:
3031:
3025:Wayback Machine
3016:
3012:
2995:
2994:
2990:
2980:
2978:
2966:
2962:
2953:
2951:
2943:
2942:
2938:
2928:
2926:
2913:
2912:
2908:
2901:
2887:
2883:
2858:
2854:
2844:
2842:
2827:
2819:McCusker, J. J.
2807:
2799:McCusker, J. J.
2795:
2791:
2786:
2782:
2770:
2769:
2765:
2737:American Speech
2729:
2722:
2710:heightism, n."
2709:
2705:
2692:
2688:
2681:
2665:
2661:
2612:(2): e0117860.
2598:
2594:
2554:
2548:
2544:
2534:
2532:
2528:
2495:
2489:Persico, Nicola
2486:
2479:
2445:
2439:
2432:
2427:
2404:
2398:
2395:
2352:
2350:
2336:
2324:
2313:
2291:implemented by
2259:Representative
2249:
2222:A Small Problem
2213:
2175:
2155:
2117:
2112:
2065:
2028:(also known as
2019:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1987:
1986:
1861:Polyculturalism
1757:Civil liberties
1729:
1721:
1720:
1719:
1718:
1717:
1698:Reappropriation
1598:
1597:Countermeasures
1590:
1589:
1588:
1587:
1586:
1515:Racial steering
1481:Numerus clausus
1385:
1377:
1376:
1375:
1374:
1373:
1098:Ethnic conflict
1033:Corrective rape
988:
980:
979:
978:
977:
976:
630:
619:
618:
617:
616:
615:
468:
458:
457:
456:
455:
454:
346:HIV/AIDS stigma
208:
200:
199:
198:
197:
196:
145:Mental disorder
89:
81:
80:
79:
78:
77:
50:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5642:
5632:
5631:
5626:
5609:
5608:
5606:
5605:
5595:
5584:
5581:
5580:
5578:
5577:
5572:
5571:
5570:
5560:
5555:
5550:
5549:
5548:
5543:
5538:
5528:
5523:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5502:
5501:
5499:Reverse racism
5491:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5471:
5469:Prisoner abuse
5466:
5461:
5459:Power distance
5456:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5425:
5424:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5377:Ethnic penalty
5374:
5373:
5372:
5370:Neurodiversity
5367:
5357:
5355:Dehumanization
5352:
5347:
5345:Cisnormativity
5342:
5337:
5332:
5326:
5324:
5323:Related topics
5320:
5319:
5317:
5316:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5276:
5271:
5266:
5261:
5256:
5251:
5246:
5245:
5244:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5203:
5201:
5197:
5196:
5194:
5193:
5188:
5183:
5181:State religion
5178:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5162:
5161:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5120:
5119:
5117:Nuremberg Laws
5114:
5104:
5099:
5094:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5059:Ghetto benches
5056:
5054:Gerrymandering
5051:
5046:
5041:
5039:Gender pay gap
5036:
5035:
5034:
5029:
5019:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4998:
4996:
4993:Discriminatory
4990:
4989:
4987:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4871:
4870:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4822:Lavender scare
4819:
4817:Kill Haole Day
4814:
4812:Indian rolling
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4788:
4787:
4777:
4772:
4771:
4770:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4698:Eliminationism
4695:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4633:Cancel culture
4630:
4625:
4620:
4619:
4618:
4607:
4605:
4604:Manifestations
4601:
4600:
4598:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4500:Middle Eastern
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4446:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4341:
4340:
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4330:
4320:
4315:
4310:
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4308:
4303:
4298:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4257:
4255:
4248:
4247:
4245:
4244:
4242:Zoroastrianism
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4218:
4217:
4207:
4206:
4205:
4204:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
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4171:
4169:Untouchability
4166:
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4079:
4074:
4069:
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4058:
4057:
4052:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3995:Leprosy stigma
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
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3902:
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3892:
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3809:
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3764:
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3738:
3736:
3732:
3731:
3729:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3707:
3705:
3701:
3700:
3697:Discrimination
3693:
3692:
3685:
3678:
3670:
3662:
3661:
3614:
3590:
3571:
3541:
3516:
3504:
3492:
3473:
3455:
3436:
3417:
3405:
3393:
3371:
3345:
3309:
3297:
3260:(5): 606–609.
3240:
3237:on 2009-12-25.
3217:
3198:
3158:
3133:
3114:(4): 317–323.
3094:
3041:
3029:
3010:
2988:
2968:Donohue, Meg.
2960:
2936:
2906:
2899:
2881:
2870:(2): 300–318.
2852:
2836:1800–present:
2789:
2780:
2763:
2750:10.2307/454643
2720:
2703:
2686:
2679:
2659:
2592:
2542:
2514:10.1086/422566
2508:(5): 1019–53.
2477:
2458:(3): 428–441.
2429:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2406:
2405:
2399:September 2022
2341:. Please help
2327:
2325:
2318:
2312:
2309:
2297:Kohler Company
2248:
2245:
2219:comedy series
2212:
2209:
2174:
2171:
2154:
2151:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2064:
2061:
2038:discrimination
2021:
2020:
2018:
2017:
2010:
2003:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1985:
1984:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1909:
1908:
1906:Reverse racism
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1876:Prisoner abuse
1873:
1868:
1866:Power distance
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1832:
1831:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1784:Ethnic penalty
1781:
1780:
1779:
1777:Neurodiversity
1774:
1764:
1762:Dehumanization
1759:
1754:
1752:Cisnormativity
1749:
1744:
1739:
1733:
1732:
1731:
1730:
1728:Related topics
1727:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1716:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1644:
1643:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1602:
1601:
1600:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1592:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1572:State religion
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1553:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1511:
1510:
1508:Nuremberg Laws
1505:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1450:Ghetto benches
1447:
1445:Gerrymandering
1442:
1437:
1432:
1430:Gender pay gap
1427:
1426:
1425:
1420:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1389:
1388:
1387:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1255:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1207:Lavender scare
1204:
1202:Kill Haole Day
1199:
1197:Indian rolling
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1173:
1172:
1162:
1157:
1156:
1155:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1083:Eliminationism
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1018:Cancel culture
1015:
1010:
1005:
1004:
1003:
992:
991:
990:
989:
987:Manifestations
986:
985:
982:
981:
975:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
877:Middle Eastern
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
823:
822:
817:
812:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
718:
717:
712:
707:
697:
692:
687:
686:
685:
680:
675:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
634:
633:
632:
631:
625:
624:
621:
620:
614:
613:
611:Zoroastrianism
608:
603:
598:
593:
588:
587:
586:
576:
575:
574:
573:
572:
567:
562:
557:
542:
541:
540:
538:Untouchability
535:
525:
520:
519:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
488:
483:
478:
472:
471:
470:
469:
464:
463:
460:
459:
453:
452:
447:
442:
441:
440:
435:
430:
420:
419:
418:
413:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
356:Leprosy stigma
353:
348:
343:
338:
333:
328:
323:
318:
313:
308:
303:
298:
293:
288:
283:
278:
273:
268:
263:
258:
253:
248:
243:
238:
233:
228:
223:
218:
212:
211:
210:
209:
206:
205:
202:
201:
195:
194:
189:
184:
179:
174:
169:
164:
163:
162:
157:
147:
142:
137:
132:
129:
124:
119:
114:
109:
104:
99:
93:
92:
91:
90:
87:
86:
83:
82:
76:
75:
70:
65:
60:
54:
53:
52:
51:
48:
47:
44:
43:
35:
34:
32:Discrimination
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5641:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5621:
5619:
5604:
5596:
5594:
5586:
5585:
5582:
5576:
5573:
5569:
5566:
5565:
5564:
5561:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5553:Social stigma
5551:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5539:
5537:
5534:
5533:
5532:
5529:
5527:
5524:
5522:
5519:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5500:
5497:
5496:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5423:
5420:
5419:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5362:
5361:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5327:
5325:
5321:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5270:
5267:
5265:
5262:
5260:
5257:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5247:
5243:
5240:
5239:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5204:
5202:
5198:
5192:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5179:
5177:
5176:State atheism
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5141:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5112:Jim Crow laws
5110:
5109:
5108:
5105:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5097:One-drop rule
5095:
5093:
5091:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5024:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5012:Blood quantum
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4999:
4997:
4991:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4959:Victimisation
4957:
4955:
4954:Trans bashing
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4924:Religious war
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4904:Racialization
4902:
4900:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4854:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4786:
4783:
4782:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4775:Glass ceiling
4773:
4769:
4766:
4765:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4718:Ethnic hatred
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4653:Counter-jihad
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4617:
4614:
4613:
4612:
4609:
4608:
4606:
4602:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4444:
4443:United States
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4430:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4325:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4307:
4306:United States
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4293:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4258:
4256:
4254:
4249:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4227:Protestantism
4225:
4223:
4220:
4216:
4213:
4212:
4211:
4208:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4183:
4182:
4179:
4178:
4177:
4174:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4161:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4142:LDS or Mormon
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4124:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4104:
4102:
4100:
4096:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4072:Transmisogyny
4070:
4068:
4065:
4064:
4063:
4060:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4047:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3975:Gerontophobia
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3895:Anti-intersex
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3870:Anti-albinism
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3852:
3850:
3846:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3799:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3733:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3711:Institutional
3709:
3708:
3706:
3702:
3698:
3691:
3686:
3684:
3679:
3677:
3672:
3671:
3668:
3657:
3653:
3649:
3645:
3641:
3637:
3633:
3629:
3625:
3618:
3604:
3600:
3594:
3587:
3583:
3580:
3575:
3561:on 2012-09-18
3560:
3556:
3552:
3545:
3530:
3526:
3520:
3513:
3508:
3501:
3496:
3489:
3485:
3482:
3477:
3469:
3465:
3459:
3452:
3448:
3445:
3440:
3433:
3429:
3426:
3421:
3414:
3409:
3402:
3397:
3381:
3375:
3359:
3355:
3349:
3341:
3335:
3319:
3313:
3306:
3301:
3293:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3275:
3271:
3267:
3263:
3259:
3255:
3251:
3244:
3236:
3232:
3228:
3221:
3213:
3209:
3202:
3194:
3190:
3186:
3182:
3178:
3174:
3173:
3165:
3163:
3155:
3154:9781101185209
3151:
3147:
3143:
3142:Lori Gottlieb
3137:
3129:
3125:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3098:
3092:
3080:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3056:
3052:
3045:
3038:
3033:
3026:
3022:
3019:
3014:
3006:
3002:
3001:The Economist
2998:
2992:
2977:
2976:
2971:
2964:
2950:
2946:
2940:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2910:
2902:
2900:9781512601435
2896:
2892:
2885:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2864:
2856:
2841:
2833:
2826:
2825:
2820:
2813:
2806:
2805:
2800:
2793:
2784:
2776:
2775:
2767:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2738:
2733:
2727:
2725:
2717:
2714:. June 2003.
2713:
2707:
2700:
2696:
2690:
2682:
2676:
2672:
2671:
2663:
2655:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2637:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2596:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2553:
2546:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2502:
2494:
2490:
2484:
2482:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2452:
2444:
2437:
2435:
2430:
2422:
2419:
2415:
2414:
2402:
2391:
2388:
2384:
2381:
2377:
2374:
2370:
2367:
2363:
2360: –
2359:
2355:
2354:Find sources:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2334:
2333:
2332:single source
2328:This section
2326:
2322:
2317:
2316:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2298:
2294:
2288:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2273:New York City
2270:
2266:
2262:
2261:Byron Rushing
2258:
2257:Massachusetts
2254:
2244:
2242:
2241:
2235:
2233:
2232:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2218:
2208:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2192:
2188:
2186:
2181:
2170:
2168:
2163:
2160:
2150:
2148:
2143:
2141:
2140:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2124:
2123:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2085:
2084:
2079:
2075:
2070:
2060:
2058:
2053:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2016:
2011:
2009:
2004:
2002:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1993:
1983:
1980:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1960:Social stigma
1958:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1907:
1904:
1903:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
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1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1830:
1827:
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1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
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1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1769:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
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1738:
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1734:
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1724:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
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1503:Jim Crow laws
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1488:One-drop rule
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1344:Victimisation
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1339:Trans bashing
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1309:Religious war
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1103:Ethnic hatred
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596:Protestantism
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511:LDS or Mormon
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433:Transmisogyny
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336:Gerontophobia
334:
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256:Anti-intersex
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231:Anti-albinism
229:
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58:Institutional
56:
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41:
37:
36:
33:
30:
29:
25:
21:
20:
5629:Human height
5387:Gender-blind
5274:Human rights
5102:Racial quota
5089:
5069:Jewish quota
5049:Gerontocracy
5044:Gender roles
5022:Disabilities
5007:Blood purity
4979:Wife selling
4969:White flight
4949:Slut-shaming
4929:Scapegoating
4847:Murder music
4520:Palestinians
4338:South Africa
4323:Black people
4301:South Africa
4122:Christianity
4112:Baháʼí Faith
4040:Sectarianism
3980:Heterosexism
3945:Ephebiphobia
3910:Antisemitism
3905:Anti-Masonry
3776:
3772:Hair texture
3631:
3627:
3617:
3606:. Retrieved
3602:
3593:
3574:
3563:. Retrieved
3559:the original
3554:
3544:
3533:. Retrieved
3531:. 2004-06-09
3528:
3519:
3507:
3495:
3476:
3467:
3458:
3439:
3425:Chapter 9.83
3420:
3408:
3396:
3384:. Retrieved
3374:
3362:. Retrieved
3348:
3322:. Retrieved
3312:
3300:
3257:
3253:
3243:
3235:the original
3230:
3220:
3212:statista.com
3211:
3201:
3176:
3170:
3145:
3136:
3111:
3107:
3097:
3083:. Retrieved
3061:(2): 86–91.
3058:
3054:
3044:
3032:
3013:
3000:
2991:
2979:. Retrieved
2973:
2963:
2952:. Retrieved
2948:
2939:
2927:. Retrieved
2923:the original
2918:
2909:
2893:. ForeEdge.
2890:
2884:
2867:
2861:
2855:
2845:February 29,
2843:. Retrieved
2823:
2803:
2792:
2783:
2772:
2766:
2741:
2735:
2706:
2689:
2673:. Springer.
2669:
2662:
2609:
2605:
2595:
2565:(1): 17–27.
2562:
2558:
2545:
2533:. Retrieved
2526:the original
2505:
2499:
2455:
2449:
2411:
2409:
2396:
2386:
2379:
2372:
2365:
2353:
2329:
2301:
2289:
2250:
2238:
2236:
2229:
2228:
2220:
2215:In 1987 the
2214:
2211:In the media
2193:
2189:
2176:
2164:
2156:
2146:
2144:
2137:
2135:
2127:
2120:
2118:
2100:
2096:
2094:
2087:
2081:
2077:
2068:
2066:
2054:
2029:
2025:
2024:
1794:Gender-blind
1673:Human rights
1493:Racial quota
1480:
1460:Jewish quota
1440:Gerontocracy
1435:Gender roles
1413:Disabilities
1398:Blood purity
1364:Wife selling
1354:White flight
1334:Slut-shaming
1314:Scapegoating
1232:Murder music
897:Palestinians
715:South Africa
700:Black people
678:South Africa
491:Christianity
481:Baháʼí Faith
401:Sectarianism
341:Heterosexism
306:Ephebiphobia
271:Antisemitism
266:Anti-Masonry
127:Hair texture
5289:Nonviolence
5284:LGBT rights
5249:Empowerment
5217:Anti-racism
5139:Segregation
5084:No kid zone
4884:Persecution
4797:Hate speech
4748:Gay bashing
4723:Ethnic joke
4678:Dog whistle
4623:Blood libel
4318:Azerbaijani
4222:Neopaganism
4215:Persecution
4181:Persecution
4164:Persecution
4127:Catholicism
4062:Transphobia
4045:Supremacism
4000:Lesbophobia
3915:Aporophobia
3875:Anti-autism
3726:Taste-based
3721:Statistical
3529:www.cnn.com
3179:: 110–124.
3148:. Penguin,
2816:1700–1799:
2796:1634–1699:
2744:(1): 3–16.
2699:Chicago, Il
2159:US Military
2153:In business
1688:Nonviolence
1683:LGBT rights
1648:Empowerment
1616:Anti-racism
1530:Segregation
1475:No kid zone
1269:Persecution
1182:Hate speech
1133:Gay bashing
1108:Ethnic joke
1063:Dog whistle
1008:Blood libel
695:Azerbaijani
591:Neopaganism
584:Persecution
550:Persecution
533:Persecution
496:Catholicism
423:Transphobia
406:Supremacism
361:Lesbophobia
276:Aporophobia
236:Anti-autism
73:Taste-based
68:Statistical
5618:Categories
5563:Stereotype
5558:Speciesism
5439:Oppression
5434:Oikophobia
5330:Allophilia
5314:Toleration
5171:Sodomy law
5064:Internment
4984:Witch-hunt
4862:Blackhawks
4792:Hate group
4780:Hate crime
4753:Gendercide
4743:Freak show
4733:Excellence
4693:Employment
4663:Defamation
4595:Vietnamese
4590:Venezuelan
4480:Lithuanian
4154:Falun Gong
4089:Xenophobia
4084:Vegaphobia
4067:Non-binary
4025:Pedophobia
3990:Homophobia
3802:Skin color
3762:Disability
3735:Attributes
3716:Structural
3608:2023-12-18
3565:2006-12-06
3535:2023-12-18
3413:Text (PDF)
3108:Body Image
3085:2023-12-18
2981:22 October
2954:2022-02-15
2929:22 October
2919:afrotc.com
2712:OED Online
2535:21 October
2425:References
2369:newspapers
2185:Dan Ariely
2063:Lexicology
1970:Stereotype
1965:Speciesism
1846:Oppression
1841:Oikophobia
1737:Allophilia
1713:Toleration
1562:Sodomy law
1455:Internment
1369:Witch-hunt
1247:Blackhawks
1177:Hate group
1165:Hate crime
1138:Gendercide
1128:Freak show
1118:Excellence
1078:Employment
1048:Defamation
972:Vietnamese
967:Venezuelan
857:Lithuanian
523:Falun Gong
450:Xenophobia
445:Vegaphobia
428:Non-binary
386:Pedophobia
351:Homophobia
155:Skin color
117:Disability
88:Attributes
63:Structural
5536:Christian
5464:Prejudice
5412:Masculism
5360:Diversity
5154:religious
5129:Redlining
4728:Ethnocide
4688:Education
4580:Ukrainian
4515:Pakistani
4505:Mongolian
4433:Australia
4415:Hungarian
4370:Colombian
4350:Bulgarian
4232:Rastafari
4186:Ahmadiyya
4099:Religious
4077:Trans men
4035:Pregnancy
3970:Gayphobia
3965:Fatphobia
3860:Acephobia
3855:Arophobia
3839:Viewpoint
3648:0002-953X
3386:20 August
3364:20 August
3324:20 August
3274:1744-9561
3128:1740-1445
3075:1090-5138
2636:1932-6203
2579:1368-4302
2522:158048477
2339:talk page
2302:bona fide
2240:Tall Girl
2097:heightism
2095:The term
2078:Heightism
2076:in 1971.
2069:heightism
2067:The term
2057:cognitive
2034:prejudice
2030:heightism
1943:Christian
1871:Prejudice
1819:Masculism
1767:Diversity
1545:religious
1520:Redlining
1113:Ethnocide
1073:Education
957:Ukrainian
892:Pakistani
882:Mongolian
810:Australia
792:Hungarian
747:Colombian
727:Bulgarian
601:Rastafari
555:Ahmadiyya
466:Religious
438:Trans men
396:Pregnancy
331:Gayphobia
326:Fatphobia
221:Acephobia
216:Arophobia
192:Viewpoint
5593:Category
5575:The talk
5511:Snobbery
5429:Net bias
5259:Feminism
5186:Ugly law
5027:Catholic
4995:policies
4842:Mortgage
4837:Lynching
4768:examples
4763:Genocide
4683:Economic
4668:Democide
4628:Bullying
4545:Romanian
4510:Nigerian
4460:Japanese
4395:Georgian
4380:Filipino
4313:Assyrian
4286:Armenian
4276:American
4271:Albanian
4253:National
4237:Yazidism
4159:Hinduism
4117:Buddhism
4020:Nepotism
4015:Misogyny
4010:Misandry
3935:Cronyism
3930:Clannism
3925:Biphobia
3865:Adultism
3782:Language
3656:15994722
3582:Archived
3484:Archived
3447:Archived
3428:Archived
3358:ABC News
3334:cite web
3292:19570778
3193:26051039
3144:(2010).
3079:Archived
3021:Archived
3005:ProQuest
2821:(1992).
2801:(1997).
2654:25719490
2606:PLOS ONE
2472:15161403
2418:etiology
2253:Michigan
2046:bullying
1982:The talk
1918:Snobbery
1836:Net bias
1658:Feminism
1577:Ugly law
1418:Catholic
1384:Policies
1227:Mortgage
1222:Lynching
1153:examples
1148:Genocide
1068:Economic
1053:Democide
1013:Bullying
922:Romanian
887:Nigerian
837:Japanese
772:Georgian
757:Filipino
690:Assyrian
663:Armenian
653:American
648:Albanian
628:national
606:Yazidism
528:Hinduism
486:Buddhism
381:Nepotism
376:Misogyny
371:Misandry
296:Cronyism
291:Clannism
286:Biphobia
226:Adultism
135:Language
24:a series
22:Part of
5603:Commons
5382:Figleaf
4807:Housing
4575:Turkish
4525:Pashtun
4495:Mexican
4475:Kurdish
4455:Italian
4405:Haitian
4390:Finnish
4365:Chinese
4360:Chechen
4355:Catalan
4345:Bengali
4266:African
4251:Ethnic/
4210:Judaism
4201:Sunnism
4191:Shi'ism
4107:Atheism
3940:Elitism
3829:Species
3767:Genetic
3757:Dialect
3283:2781963
3091:Alt URL
2701:. 1971.
2645:4342156
2614:Bibcode
2587:4592188
2383:scholar
2281:Ontario
2204:Hungary
1789:Figleaf
1192:Housing
952:Turkish
902:Pashtun
872:Mexican
852:Kurdish
832:Italian
782:Haitian
767:Finnish
742:Chinese
737:Chechen
732:Catalan
722:Bengali
643:African
626:Ethnic/
579:Judaism
570:Sunnism
560:Shi'ism
476:Atheism
301:Elitism
182:Species
122:Genetic
112:Dialect
5568:threat
5422:autism
5159:sexual
5149:racial
5032:Jewish
4889:Pogrom
4867:Chiefs
4857:Braves
4585:Uyghur
4560:Somali
4555:Slavic
4540:Romani
4535:Quebec
4530:Polish
4470:Korean
4465:Jewish
4438:Canada
4425:Indian
4410:Hazara
4385:Fulani
4296:France
4261:Afghan
4196:Sufism
3920:Audism
3848:Social
3777:Height
3654:
3646:
3290:
3280:
3272:
3191:
3156:p. 239
3152:
3126:
3073:
2897:
2758:454643
2756:
2677:
2652:
2642:
2634:
2585:
2577:
2520:
2470:
2385:
2378:
2371:
2364:
2356:
2271:, and
2102:sexism
2042:height
1975:threat
1829:autism
1550:sexual
1540:racial
1423:Jewish
1274:Pogrom
1252:Chiefs
1242:Braves
962:Uyghur
937:Somali
932:Slavic
917:Romani
912:Quebec
907:Polish
847:Korean
842:Jewish
815:Canada
802:Indian
787:Hazara
762:Fulani
673:France
638:Afghan
565:Sufism
281:Audism
207:Social
131:Height
5546:white
4899:Purge
4565:Tatar
4490:Māori
4485:Malay
4450:Irish
4400:Greek
4375:Croat
4333:China
4291:Asian
4176:Islam
4050:White
3787:Looks
3752:Class
3747:Caste
3704:Forms
2828:(PDF)
2808:(PDF)
2754:JSTOR
2583:S2CID
2555:(PDF)
2529:(PDF)
2518:S2CID
2496:(PDF)
2446:(PDF)
2390:JSTOR
2376:books
2293:Volvo
2200:Ipsos
2032:) is
1953:white
1284:Purge
942:Tatar
867:Māori
862:Malay
827:Irish
777:Greek
752:Croat
710:China
668:Asian
545:Islam
411:White
140:Looks
107:Class
102:Caste
49:Forms
5541:male
5340:Bias
4785:LGBT
4570:Thai
4550:Serb
4420:Igbo
4281:Arab
4055:Male
3834:Size
3814:Rank
3652:PMID
3644:ISSN
3512:Text
3481:Text
3444:Text
3401:Text
3388:2013
3366:2013
3340:link
3326:2013
3288:PMID
3270:ISSN
3189:PMID
3150:ISBN
3124:ISSN
3071:ISSN
2983:2017
2931:2017
2895:ISBN
2847:2024
2774:Time
2675:ISBN
2650:PMID
2632:ISSN
2575:ISSN
2537:2013
2468:PMID
2362:news
2167:CEOs
2089:Time
1948:male
1747:Bias
1170:LGBT
947:Thai
927:Serb
797:Igbo
658:Arab
416:Male
187:Size
167:Rank
5144:age
3819:Sex
3742:Age
3636:doi
3632:162
3278:PMC
3262:doi
3181:doi
3116:doi
3063:doi
2975:CNN
2872:doi
2746:doi
2640:PMC
2622:doi
2567:doi
2510:doi
2506:112
2460:doi
2345:by
2247:Law
2217:BBC
2202:in
2036:or
1535:age
172:Sex
97:Age
5620::
3650:.
3642:.
3630:.
3626:.
3601:.
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