Anti-Arab racism - Knowledge

2545:'s coverage of the Houda Case by promising Walters inside information in exchange for presenting the case in the police's favour. Walters regarded the offer as an "attempted bribe". The latest incident occurred in 2011, when Houda was arrested for refusing a frisk search and resisting arrest after having been approached by police suspecting him of involvement in a recent robbery. These charges were thrown out of court by Judge John Connell who stated "At the end of the day, here were three men of Middle Eastern appearance walking along a suburban street, for all the police knew, minding their own business at an unexceptional time of day, in unexceptional clothing, except two of the men had hooded jumpers. The place they were in could not have raised a reasonable suspicion they were involved in the robberies" Houda is currently suing the six police officers involved for false imprisonment, unlawful arrest, assault and battery and defamation. One of the six is an assistant commissioner. He is seeking $ 5 million in damages. 3876:

finding of wrongdoing. In 2001, the ADL attempted to bar Arab members of CAIR from attending a conference on multicultural inclusion. In 2007 the ADL accused the Council on American-Islamic Relations of having a "poor record on terrorism." CAIR, in turn, accused the ADL of "attempting to muzzle the First Amendment rights of American Muslims by smearing and demonizing them". When the case was settled, Hussein Ibish, director of communications for the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee (ADC), stated that the ADL had gathered data "systematically in a program whose clear intent was to undermine civil rights and Arab-American organizations".

3733:, surveyed more than 900 film appearances of Arab characters. Of those, only a dozen were positive and 50 were balanced. Shaheen writes that " stereotypes are deeply ingrained in American cinema. From 1896 until today, filmmakers have collectively indicted all Arabs as Public Enemy #1 – brutal, heartless, uncivilized religious fanatics and money-mad cultural "others" bent on terrorizing civilized Westerners, especially and . Much has happened since 1896 ... Throughout it all, Hollywood's caricature of the has prowled the silver screen. He is there to this day – repulsive and unrepresentative as ever." 3076:. It was known that, prior to the massacre, Goldstein, a physician, refused to treat Arabs, including Arab soldiers with the Israeli army. During his funeral, a rabbi declared that even one million Arabs are "not worth a Jewish fingernail". Goldstein was immediately "denounced with shocked horror even by the mainstream Orthodox", and many in Israel classified Goldstein as insane. The Israeli government condemned the massacre and made Kach illegal. The Israeli army killed a further nine Palestinians during riots following the massacre, and the Israeli government severely restricted 4863:

or ill will towards the plaintiff. He then, because of his personal contact with the events well knew that the offence had not been committed. Accordingly the count of malicious prosecution has been established. ... I am further comfortably satisfied on the probabilities that Constable Stebbing, with the assistance of other police officers imprisoned the plaintiff and that imprisonment caused him to be escorted to the police station and held there for a period of about one hour. For reasons already given the constable had no reasonable or probable cause for imprisoning him.

2252: 2395:, ethnic background is not a crucial factor in marriage between members of each group in North Africa, when compared to social and economic backgrounds. There are regular Hate incidents between Arabs and Berbers and Anti-Arabism has been accentuated by the Algerian government's anti-Berber policies. Contemporary relations between Berbers and Arabs are sometimes tense, particularly in Algeria, where Berbers rebelled (1963–65, 2001) against Arab rule and have demonstrated and rioted against their cultural marginalization in the new founded state. 3207:

and 75% of Jewish youths said Arabs were less intelligent and less clean than Jews. The Mossawa Advocacy Center for Arab Citizens in Israel reported a tenfold increase in racist incidents against Arabs in 2008. Jerusalem reported the highest number of incidents. The report blamed Israeli leaders for the violence, saying "These attacks are not the hand of fate, but a direct result of incitement against the Arab citizens of this country by religious, public, and elected officials."

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a relatively small number of the most militant settlers, which, while far from what the Palestinians want, represents a significant shift for the Government. Several days after ordering the arrest of five people faithful to the anti-Arab preaching of the late Rabbi Meir Kahane, the army began today to carry out other measures, telling 18 settlers to stay out of Arab towns and to turn in their army-issued rifles.

12100: 10142: 2051: 3034:, disregarded entirely. History textbooks likewise portrayed the Palestinian population negatively, showing them as primitive and collectively to be an enemy. Contrasted with the portrayal of Jews, who were shown to be heroic and progressive, Israeli textbooks delegitimized Arabs and used negative stereotyping of Arabs nearly uniformly. 2530:

maliciously arrested Houda, as well as using profanities against him and approaching him in a "menacing manner". Stebbing was supported by other police, against the testimony of many eyewitnesses. In 2005, Houda accused the police of disabling his mobile phone making it difficult to perform his work as a criminal defense lawyer.

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threatened, the Berbers took note of the political and ideological implications of Arabism as defended by successive governments. Gradual radicalization and Anti-Arab sentiments began to emerge in Algeria and among the hundreds of thousands of Berbers in France who had been in the forefront of the Berber cultural movement.

3555:, who confessed to killing them as revenge for the September 11 attacks. Although Price described his victims as Arabs, only one was from an Arab country. This appears to be a trend; because of stereotypes of Arabs, several non-Arab, non-Muslim groups were subjected to attacks in the wake of 9/11, including several 2402:(mainly from Kabylie) were always related to the reassertion of Kabyle identity. It began as an intellectual militant movement in schools, universities, and popular culture (mainly nationalistic songs). In addition to that, the authorities' efforts to promote development in Kabylie contributed to a boom of sorts in 3834:(AAI) states that it is a partisan non-profit, membership organization and advocacy group based in Washington, D.C. that focuses on the issues and interests of Arab-Americans nationwide. The AAI also conducts research related to anti-Arabism in the United States. The Anti-Defamation League identifies the 3334:. This population numbered about 150,000. While the government was rounding Arabs in preparation for the deportation, two girls died, reportedly after fleeing government forces, and three women suffered miscarriages. Niger's government had eventually suspended the controversial decision to deport Arabs. 6653:

Faced with rage in the territories and its own revulsion over the Hebron massacre, the P.L.O. has dug in on its demands that all settlers be disarmed and that an international force be created to protect Palestinians. Mr. Rabin has said no to both demands. But he has imposed tougher measures against

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Experiences of discrimination are not uniform within the Arab American community, with 76% of young Arab Americans (18 to 29 years old) and 58% of Arab American Muslims reporting that they have "personally experienced discrimination in the past because of ethnicity," as opposed to 42% of respondents

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It is common ground that Constable Stebbing laid the charge against the plaintiff comprised in the Field Court Attendance Notice (Exhibit Z) of assaulting him and that that charge was terminated in favour of the plaintiff. I have found that in laying that charge Constable Stebbing acted out of spite

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have been formed in Israel to prevent that Israeli Arab men form relationships with Jewish women. Some of the material promoted to discourage Jewish women to be with Arab men, are sanctioned by local governments and police departments. Lehava has received permission from Israeli courts to picket the

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reported that anti-Arab views had doubled, and anti-Arab racist incidents had increased by 26%. The report quoted polls that suggested 50% of Jewish Israelis do not believe Arab citizens of Israel should have equal rights, 50% said they wanted the government to encourage Arab emigration from Israel,

2772:, and suffer from a policy of discrimination." However, Iran's Arab population played an important role in defending Iran during the Iran-Iraq War and most refused to heed Saddam Hussein's call for an uprising and instead fought against their fellow Arabs. Furthermore, Iran's former defense minister 3875:

In the 1990s, the Anti-Defamation League clashed with the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee in a legal dispute regarding sensitive information the ADL had collected about ADC members' positions on the Arab-Israeli conflict. In 1999, the dispute was finally settled out of court without any

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and other forms of bigotry, actively investigated and spoke out against the rise in anti-Arab hate crimes following the September 2001 terrorist attacks. In 2003, the ADL urged the Speaker of the United States' House of Representatives to approve a resolution condemning bigotry and violence against

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After the war, reconstruction and labor shortages necessitated even larger number of Algerian laborers. Migration (or the need for labor) was reestablished at a high level by 1936. This was partly the result of collective recruitments in the villages conducted by French officers and representatives

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and other mountainous areas. Regardless, the Kabyles and other Berbers have managed to preserve their culture and achieve high standards of living and education. Furthermore, many Berbers speak their language and French; are non religious, secular, or Evangelical Christian; and openly identify with

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These reactions are also residues of a violent and Manichean political discourse which was particularly developed after the Berberist crisis in 1949 (see the second part) and expressed by members or sympathizers of the L'Académie Berbère (Berber Academy). This political berberist and radical trend

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Outside historical enmity, anti-Arabism is also widespread in Turkish media, as Turkish media and education curriculum associating Arabs with backwardness. This has continued influencing modern Turkish historiography and the crusade of Turkish soft power, with Arabs being frequently stereotyped as

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origin. It has historic roots as Arabs are seen as invaders that occupied Algeria and destroyed its late Roman and early medieval civilization that was considered an integral part of the West; this invasion is considered to have been the source of the resettlement of Algeria's Berber population in

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A poll in 2012 revealed that racist attitudes are embraced by a large majority of Israelis. 59% of Jews said they wanted Jews to be given preference in admission to public employment, 50% wanted the state to generally treat Jews better than Arabs, and over 40% wanted separate housing for Jews and

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in Hebron, while letting settlers and foreign tourists roam free, although Israel also forbade a small group of Israeli settlers from entering Palestinian towns and demanded that those settlers turn in their army-issued rifles. Goldstone's grave has become a pilgrimage site for Jewish extremists.

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Pierre Besnainou: "He is French. Don't discount this. He cannot be trusted ... He is Tunisian. Do not discount this either. He works like an Arab." The WJC in Israel has condemned the statements as both hateful and racist. "It appears that the struggle in the World Jewish Congress has now turned

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According to a 2001 poll of Arab Americans conducted by the Arab American Institute, 32% of Arab Americans reported having been subjected to some form of ethnic-based discrimination during their lifetimes, while 20% reported having experienced an instance of ethnic-based discrimination since the

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of 1973 against a coalition of Arab nations, expressing strong anti-Arab sentiment with a words: "The Arabs are one of the least developed cultures. They are typically nomads. Their culture is primitive, and they resent Israel because it's the sole beachhead of modern science and civilization on

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Others argue that the Berber language and traditions are deeply rooted in the North African cultural mosaic; for centuries, Berber culture has survived conquests, repression, and exclusion from different invaders: Romans, Arabs, and French. Hence, believing that its identity and specificity were

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also suffer high levels of poverty, indicating that government policy is not disadvantaging Arabs alone but other regions, including some with large ethnically Persian populations. Furthermore, most commentators agree that Iran's state-controlled and highly subsidized economy is the main reason

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The Arab minority of southern Iran has been subject to discriminations, persecution in Iran. In a report published in February 2006, Amnesty International stated that the "Arab population of Iran is one of the most economically and socially deprived in Iran" and that Arabs have "reportedly been

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complained, in a video statement to supporters, that his left-wing opponents were supposedly sending Israeli Arabs to vote in droves, in a statement that was widely condemned as racist, including by the US government. Netanyahu went on to win the elections against poll predictions, and several

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by the Iranian authorities is reportedly so widespread that it appears to amount to a policy aimed at dispossessing Arabs of their traditional lands. This is apparently part of a strategy aimed at the forcible relocation of Arabs to other areas while facilitating the transfer of non-Arabs into

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that the police harassment was due to the police enmity against Houda's clients and the Australian Arab community. He was first falsely arrested in 2000 for which he was awarded $ 145,000 damages by a judge who described his persecution as "shocking". Constable Lance Stebbing was found to have

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doctrine. The most obvious divide that could be instrumentalized in this perspective was the ethnic one. Therefore, France employed some official colonial practices to tighten its control over Algeria by creating racial tensions between Arabs and Berbers and between Jews and Muslims.

3651:" to "turn them into human beings". Savage characterized Israel as "a little country surrounded by racist, fascist bigots who don't want anyone but themselves living in that hell hole called the Middle East". Expressions of anti-Arabism in the United States intensified following the 2819:) illustrating Arab-Iranian participation in Iranian economics, society, and politics. They contend that Khuzestan province, where most of Iran's Arabs live, is actually one of the more economically advanced provinces of Iran, more so than many of the Persian-populated provinces. 3888:(GLC) and Labour Committee on Palestine (LCP) have been involved in fighting anti-Arabism through the promotion of Arab and Palestinian rights. The LCP funded a conference on anti-Arab racism in 1989. The National Association of British Arabs also works against discrimination. 2764:. During a visit to Khuzestan, which has most of Iran's Arab population, a British journalist, John R. Bradley, wrote that despite the fact that the majority of Arabs supported Iran in the war, "ethnic Arabs complain that, as a result of their divided loyalties during the 2838:, which cost $ 700 million to construct) and nuclear power plants, many critics of Iran's economic development policies have pointed to the poverty suffered by Arabs in Khuzestan as proof of an anti-Arab policy agenda. Following his visit to Khuzestan in July 2005, 3608:

in Phoenix. His conviction, which was under appeal at that time, was dismissed in U.S. District Court. Rubin committed suicide in 2002 while in Federal Bureau of Prisons custody in Los Angeles. Although the JDL was suspected in the 1985 bombing death of ADC leader

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the Western World. Many Berber Nationalists view Arabs as a hostile people intent on eradicating their own culture and nation. Berber social norms restrict marriage to someone of Arab ethnicity, although it is permitted to marry someone from other ethnic groups.

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were requisitioned. Two hundred and forty thousand Algerians were mobilized or drafted, and two thirds of these were soldiers who served mostly in France. This constituted more than one-third of the men of those nations from ages 20–40. According to historian

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have issued similar responses. In 2004, the ADL national director issued the following statement: "we are disturbed that a number of Arab Americans and Islamic institutions have been targets of anger and hatred in the aftermath of the terrorist attacks."

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which was especially developed with immigration, wanted to be anti-Arab, anti-Islam, and willingly sank in a narrow Manichaeism. This trend has seen relative success among some Kabyle immigrants especially from Paris Region (Région parisienne).

3426:, to prevent the ongoing Arab persecution of its Turkic populations in many Arab countries of the Middle East. Subsequently, Turkey has begun a series of persecuting its Arab population, as well as desire to recreate the new Turkish border. 11116: 3372:, the Arabs were treated as just second-class subjects and suffered from immense discrimination by the Ottoman Turkish rulers, in addition, most of government's main positions were either held by Turks or non-Arab people, except for the 1020: 3759:. At first Disney denied any problems but eventually relented and changed two lines in the opening song. Members of the ADC were still unhappy with the portrayal of Arabic characters and the referral to the Middle East as "barbaric". 2525:. He has been stopped going to prayers, with relatives and friends and has been subjected to a humiliating body search. He has been the object of several groundless accusations of robbery or holding a knife. A senior lawyer told the 7686: 2862:

behind the inability of the Iranian government to generate economic growth and welfare at ground levels in all cities across the nation, rather than a state ethnic policy targeted specifically at Arabs; Iran is ranked 156th on

2354:, and generally be hostile to all things Arab. He concludes that, "In all its various roles, anti-Arabism has adopted a policy of intellectual conquest as a means of penetrating Arab society and combatting Arab nationalism." 3172:

asked "What is it about Islam as a whole and the Palestinians in particular? Is it some form of cultural deprivation? Is it some genetic defect? There is something that defies explanation in this continued murderousness."

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is no longer socially acceptable, at least among the educated classeso such social sanctions exist for anti-Arabism." Public opinion polls demonstrate that anti-Arabism in the United States is increasing significantly.

6692: 7215: 2346:. The economic boom in Iran which lasted until 1979 led to an overall increase of Iranian nationalism sparking thousands of anti-Arab movements. In al-Fikayki's view, the objectives of anti-Arabism are to attack 7561: 3011:, there is a high level of hostility between sections of the Jewish and Arab societies in Israel. Many Israeli Jews oppose mixed relationships, particularly between Jewish women and Arab men. A group of men in 4853: 3407:

evil, uncivilized, terrorists, incompetent, etc. This depiction is frequently used in contrast to the alleged depiction of Turkic people as "noble, generous, fearsome, loyal, brave and spirited warriors".

3199:" to Israel. The poll found that more than two thirds would not want to live in the same building as an Arab, 36% believed Arab culture to be inferior, and 18% felt hatred when they heard Arabic spoken. 2976:

The Iranian rap artist Behzad Pax released a song in 2015 called "Arab-Kosh" (عرب‌كش) (Arab-killer) which was widely reported on the Arab media who claimed that it was released with the approval of the

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Arabophobia can be seen at different levels of intellectual, social, and cultural life of some Berbers. After the Berberist crisis in 1949, a new radical intellectual movement emerged under the name

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in the West Bank. Khdeir's family members have blamed Israeli Government anti-Arab hate speech for inciting the murder and rejected the PM's condolence message, as well as a visit by then President

3116:'s guidelines, though the team has never faced suspension from the football organization. In March 2012, supporters of the team were filmed raiding a Jerusalem mall and beating up Arab employees. 2877:

courses is mandatory until the end of secondary education cycle (grade 6 to Grade 12, from age 11 to 17). In higher education systems (universities), passing Arabic language courses is selective.

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In September 2008, Muslims complained about anti-Arabism and Islamophobia in the Czech Republic. Czech Republic was well known for being the most anti-Arab country in the whole of Europe in 2008.

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to represent Israeli policies against Arabs. The poll also showed that the majority of Israeli Jews would not want voting rights extended to Palestinians if the West Bank were annexed by Israel.

9077: 7179: 7014: 7867: 2815:). Furthermore, critics point out that Arabs have social mobility in Iran, with a number of famous Iranians from the worlds of arts, sport, literature, and politics having Arab origins (see: 3270:

mayor Shimon Gafsou declared that he would never allow that an Arab school, a mosque, or a church be built in his city, despite the fact that Arabs account for 18 percent of its population.

2657: 3188:. "It marks a certain trend that reflects a growing tendency of fascism and racism in Israeli society generally as well as the establishment towards the minority Arab community," he said. 2406:, whose population almost doubled between 1966 and 1977, and to a greater degree of economic and social integration within the region had the contrary effect of strengthening a collective 11090: 7694: 986: 3647:

described Arabs as "non-humans", said that Americans want the U.S. to "drop a nuclear weapon" on an Arab country, and advocated that people in the Middle East be "forcibly converted to

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In January 2012, the Israeli High Court upheld a decision, deemed racist, preventing the Palestinian espouses of Israeli Arabs from obtaining Israeli citizenship or resident status.

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claiming that they are not treated as equal citizens and Bedouin towns are not provided the same level of services, land and water as Jewish towns of the same size are. The city of

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In August 2005, Israeli soldier Eden Natan-Zada traveled to an Israeli Arab town and massacred four civilians. Israeli Arabs said they would draw up a list of grievances after the

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or manipulation of North Africa. As from the beginning, the French understood that to attenuate Muslim resistance to their presence, mainly in Algeria, they had to resort to the

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against people of Middle Eastern origin or descent increased from 354 attacks in 2000, to 1,501 attacks in 2001. Among the victims of the backlash was a Middle Eastern man in

6753: 3536:. Of special concern, for example, is the fact that 45% of students and 37% of Arab Americans of the Muslim faith report being targeted by discrimination since September 11. 2842:

for Adequate Housing Miloon Kothari spoke of how up to 250,000 Arabs had been displaced by such industrial projects and noted the favorable treatment given to settlers from

6702: 5314: 3399:. Haaretz also reported that anti-Syrian sentiment in Turkey is metastasizing into a general hostility toward all Arabs including the Palestinians. Deputy Chairman of the 3112:

is considered emblematic of Jewish racism; the fans are infamous for their 'Death to Arabs' chant and the team has a ban on Arab players, a policy that is in violation of

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of companies. Labor recruitment continued throughout the 1940s. North Africans were mostly recruited for dangerous and low-wage jobs, unwanted by ordinary French workers.

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Deplores the global rise and number of incidents of racial or religious intolerance and violence, including Islamophobia, anti-Semitism, Christianophobia and anti-Arabism

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origin, in particular native English and French speakers of Arab ancestry in Europe and the Americas, often identify themselves as Arabs. Due to widespread practice of

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overall... . Comparisons with previous AAI polls in which this same question was asked indicate a rise in experiences of discrimination amongst young Arab Americans.

5444: 11579: 1489: 7149: 2596:, Algeria sent 173,000 soldiers, 25,000 of whom were killed. Tunisia sent 56,000, of whom 12,000 were killed. Moroccan soldiers helped defend Paris and landed at 5954: 3702:

movies is often that of "money-grubbing caricatures that sought world domination, worshipped a different God, killed innocents, and lusted after blond virgins".

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exacerbate this. How far the situation facing Arabs in Iran is related to racism or simply a result of policies suffered by all Iranians is a matter of debate (

10647: 6776: 6166: 537: 7973: 2635:, 76% of those polled said that there were too many Arabs in France while 39% said they had an "aversion" to Arabs. In the following years, Interior Minister 2435:

The roots of modern-day Arabophobia in Algeria can be traced back to multiple factors. For some, Anti-Arabism movement among Berbers is part of the legacy of

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turned into an Arab-Berber conflict. The Arab national anthem of Algeria was overwhelmed by the shouting of Anti-Arab slogans such as "A bas les arabes" (

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reported that anti-Arabian racism in Turkey mainly affects two groups; tourists from the Gulf who are characterized as "rich and condescending" and the

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commentators and pollster imputed his victory to his last-minute attack on Israeli Arab voters. During election campaign, then Foreign Affairs Minister

9085: 7004: 6589: 3640:), who heads the Israeli board of the WJC. Instead of creating unity among the Jewish people, this organization is just creating division and hatred." 7295: 3003:

Baruch Goldstein's tomb. The plaque reads "To the holy Baruch Goldstein, who gave his life for the Jewish people, the Torah and the nation of Israel."

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Still fresh in the memory of almost all the inhabitants was the Goldstein case of 1994, when a two-week curfew was imposed on the 1,20,000 [

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Oswald, Debra L. (September 2005). "Understanding Anti-Arab Reactions Post-9/11: The Role of Threats, Social Categories, and Personal Ideologies".

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organization in the United States. Warren David is the national president of ADC On March 1, 2010, Sara Najjar-Wilson replaced former Democratic

3691:, "the only vicious racial stereotype that's not only still permitted but actively endorsed by Hollywood" is that of Arabs as crazed terrorists. 3543:

and Arab groups, the number of attacks against Arabs and Muslims, as well as others mistaken for them, rose considerably after the 9/11 attacks.

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at entertainment venues, 40% believed "the state needs to support the emigration of Arab citizens", and 63% believed Arabs to be a "security and

2978: 2579:, reconstruction and shortages made France bring thousands of North African workers. Out of a total of 116,000 workers from 1914 to 1918, 78,000 9192: 3977: 3551:, Texas who was shot and wounded after an assailant accused him of "blowing up the country", and four immigrants shot and killed by a man named 2981:. The Iranian Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance denied that it gave approval to the song and condemned it as a product of a "sick mind". 10722: 7515: 5816: 5465: 612: 2664:

of schools, was interpreted by its critics as an "indirect legitimization of anti-Arab stereotypes, fostering rather than preventing racism."

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In recent years, anti-Arabism has been linked with various attempts by Arab leaders to meddle into Turkish affairs, Turkey's alliance with

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According to a 2006 poll conducted by Geocartographia for the Centre for the Struggle Against Racism, 41% of Israelis support Arab-Israeli

3104:, an Arab member of the Knesset, was stabbed and wounded by unidentified men, who shouted anti-Arab chants. The attack was described as a " 3100:". Some Israeli-Arab soccer players face chants from the crowd when they play such as "no Arabs, no terrorism". In the most radical event, 2969:

are disputed between the two countries. A National Geographic reporter who interviewed Iranians reported that many of them frequently said

2908:). Anti-Islamist government Persians refer to Persian Islamic Republic supporters from Hezbollahi families as Arab-parast (عرب‌پرست) (lit. 2811:

Critics of such reports have pointed out that they are often based on sketchy sources and are not always to be trusted at face value (see:

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movement was intended to reassert Iranian identity and resist attempts to impose Arab culture while reaffirming their commitment to Islam.

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Echebarria-Echabe, Agustín; Emilia Fernández Guede (May 2007). "A New Measure of Anti-Arab Prejudice: Reliability and Validity Evidence".

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says that in practice, Arabs are among a number of ethnic minorities that are disadvantaged and suffer discrimination by the authorities.

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are regarded as using a disproportionate number of Arabs as villains and of depicting Arabs negatively and stereotypically. According to

2151: 1236: 839: 367: 8206:"Refworld | Iraq: Iraqi-Turkmen (Turkomen); treatment by Iraqi government, security and police personnel as well as general public" 3770:, contained an article "The Arab Stereotype on Television" which detailed negative Arab stereotypes that appeared in TV shows including 3084:

In a number of occasions, Israeli Jewish demonstrators and rioters used racist anti-Arab slogans. For example, during the Arab riots in

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In early 20th and late 19th century when Palestinians and Syrians migrated to Latin America Arabophobia was common in these countries.

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drew criticism from Arab groups and was described as "probably the most racist film ever made against Arabs by Hollywood" by the ADC.

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Gross, Joan E.; McMurray, David A. (June 1993). "Berber Origins and the Politics of Ethnicity in Colonial North African Discourse".

10567: 10455: 10188: 9761: 8626: 6763: 6418: 4622: 3851:(CAIR) is an Islamic organization in North America that was created in June 1994. It has been active against anti-Arabism as well. 449: 337: 7626: 7540: 6413: 9781: 9379: 5595: 3767: 8693: 7934: 7816: 7775: 7754: 6236: 5667: 5309: 4996: 12075: 10806: 10577: 10395: 10380: 10375: 10221: 10117: 4004: 3823:

as president. ADC claims that is at the forefront in addressing anti-Arabism - discrimination and bias against Arab Americans.

3203: 2001: 702: 459: 277: 262: 257: 87: 9348: 9162: 8542: 8130: 7069: 5587: 4220: 4136: 12103: 10637: 10360: 9107: 8889: 8438: 8405: 8375: 8324: 8161: 7944: 7853: 7826: 7785: 7764: 6322: 6111: 6018: 5991: 5964: 5909: 5793: 5730: 3848: 3659:, a Palestinian Arab American. In 2010, the proposed development of an Islamic community center containing a mosque near the 2155: 527: 242: 8519: 5693: 5645: 4456:

Histoire de l'émigration kabyle en France au XXe siècle: Réalités culturelles et politiques et réappropriations identitaires

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economic growth. The 1970s were marked by recession followed by the cessation of labor migration programs and crackdowns on

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Bengio, Ofra; Özcan, Gencer (2001). "Old Grievances, New Fears: Arab Perceptions of Turkey and Its Alignment with Israel".

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Djebali, Taoufik (2005). "Ethnicity and Power in North Africa: Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco". In Spickard, Paul R. (ed.).

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Djebali, Taoufik (2005). "Ethnicity and Power in North Africa: Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco". In Spickard, Paul R. (ed.).

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Arab, was chief commander of the ground force during the Iran-Iraq War as well as serving as first deputy commander of the

2025: 1042: 342: 146: 9033: 6869: 6347: 5609: 5023: 4170: 3524:, three days after the Oklahoma City bombing "more than 200 serious hate crimes were committed against Arab Americans and 11784: 11454: 11367: 11258: 10933: 10753: 10385: 10370: 9530: 6925: 5451: 3901: 2873:

In the Iranian education system, after primary education cycle (grades 1-5 for children 6 to 11 years old), passing some

2850: 2631:. The public increasingly blamed immigrants for French economic problems. In March 1990, according to a poll reported in 1702: 1358: 1271: 1162: 829: 649: 267: 252: 17: 7036: 4726: 3285:. Two Israeli minors were found guilty of Khdeirs' murder and sentenced to life and 21 years imprisonment respectively. 11352: 10833: 7687:"Arab Prince accused of killing thousands of internationally-protected houbara bustards | Middle East | News" 5539: 5126: 4386:

Roberts, Hugh (1983). "The Economics of Berberism: The Material Basis of the Kabyle Question in Contemporary Algeria".

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their continent. When you have civilized men fighting savages, you support the civilized men, no matter who they are."

1256: 729: 8976:"AAI/Zogby Poll on Arab American Experiences and Identity Shows Increase in Discrimination Among Young Arab Americans" 8341: 7267: 3343: 2733:

in his article "Internationalization of Islam" states "Even today, many Iranians perceive the Arab destruction of the

11000: 10838: 10324: 10302: 9962: 9945: 9407: 9232:

Edmunds, June (May 1998). "The British Labour Party in the 1980s: The Battle Over the Palestinian/Israeli Conflict".

9146: 8838: 8277: 8171: 7890: 6462: 6064: 5086: 5061: 4572: 4512: 4463: 4438: 4344: 4319: 4263: 4077: 3600:. The two were arrested as part of a sting operation when they received a shipment of explosives at Krugel's home in 3512:

have experienced a backlash as result of terrorist attacks, including events where Arabs were not involved, like the

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Relations are uneasy between specifically Iran and the Persian Gulf Arab countries in particular. Persians and Arabs

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and harassment three times. Houda claims that the police's motivation is racism which he says is "alive and well" in

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has a telephone hotline to inform on Jewish girls who date Arab men, as well as a psychological counseling service.

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An October 2001 report on civil liberties in the U.S. including an appendix of some anti-Arab hate-based incidents

6724: 4197: 3746:, anti-Arab sentiment presently promotes misconceptions about Arabs and hinders genuine peace in the Middle East. 11327: 10845: 10607: 10400: 9863: 5000: 4974: 4730: 4599: 3593: 3540: 3218:

printed up privately with slogans and caricatures portraying dead babies, weeping mothers, and crumbled mosques.

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went on to sign a document forbidding that Jews rent apartments to Arabs, saying that "racism originated in the

2801:

Khuzestan and is linked to economic policies such as zero-interest loans which are not available to local Arabs.

10470: 10035: 9892: 6196: 352: 10612: 8668: 502: 12006: 11722: 10450: 9308: 9108:"ADL Urges House of Representatives to Consider Resolution Protecting Arabs, South Asians, Muslims and Sikhs" 7498: 5876: 3026:

Geography textbooks used in Israeli schools were found to portray Arabs as primitive and backwards, with the

1932: 1640: 332: 6599: 11285: 11233: 10211: 10181: 10105: 9967: 9957: 9950: 9754: 9200: 6477:

The ethics of war in Asian civilizations: a comparative perspective By Torkel Brekke, Routledge, 2006, p.44

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police force. Houda has been arrested or detained six times in 11 years and has sued the police force for

11917: 11769: 11188: 10796: 10742: 9982: 9798: 9372: 7898: 4936: 4885: 4734: 3460: 2962: 2481:, Australia in December 2005 have been described as "anti-Arab racism" by community leaders. NSW Premier 2424:

In 1977, the final game of the national soccer championship pitting a team from Kabylie against one from

2297: 1843: 1687: 1092: 692: 632: 8765: 12129: 12026: 10818: 10505: 10226: 9739: 9218: 8860: 5229: 4251: 3755: 3707: 3525: 3411: 2421:

ideologies especially amongst immigrant Kabyles in France and achieved a relative success at the time.

2399: 2143: 1952: 714: 387: 92: 6855: 5817:"Food, Purity and Pollution: Medieval Zoroastrian Views on the Eating Habits of the Arabs and Indians" 5382: 5280: 11379: 11193: 11095: 10980: 10654: 10622: 10282: 10216: 10055: 9899: 9267: 8906:"ADC | ADC Staff Attorney serves on interfaith panel at the Ecumenical Advocacy Days Conference" 6450: 4648: 3931: 3864: 3817: 3678: 3605: 3157:, described the Arabs as worms: "You find them everywhere like worms, underground as well as above." 3008: 2867: 2738: 2725: 1283: 1097: 991: 876: 544: 512: 156: 82: 7523: 5847: 5473: 3623:(WJC) made several racist remarks and ethnic slurs in an internal memo against the president of the 2756:

More recently, anti-Arabism has arisen as a consequence of aggression against Iran by the regime of

2710:

It is claimed by some that anti-Arabism in Iran may be related to the notion that Arabs forced some

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started patrolling the neighborhood to stop Jewish women from dating Arab men. The municipality of

2966: 1549: 1437: 1278: 1047: 976: 811: 766: 622: 507: 487: 417: 347: 213: 6042: 5172: 2492:

said that more than two-thirds of Muslim and Arab Australians say they have experienced racism or

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Bar-Tal, Daniel (1998). "The Rocky Road toward Peace: Beliefs on Conflict in Israeli Textbooks".

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warned that Turkey risked becoming "a Middle Eastern country" because of the influx of refugees.

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of January 12, 1964, ended the local Arab dynasty. As many as 17,000 Arabs were exterminated by

886: 12021: 11994: 11984: 11464: 11444: 11307: 11178: 11075: 11025: 10995: 10975: 10910: 10890: 10865: 10860: 10855: 10766: 10737: 10710: 10686: 10681: 10267: 10257: 10030: 9933: 9853: 9682: 9623: 9525: 9422: 9365: 8949: 8492:"Arab American Institute 2001 report submitted to the United States Commission on Civil Rights" 6910: 6873: 6454: 5899: 4594: 4564: 4504: 4255: 3885: 3855: 3586: 3582: 3363: 3211: 3069: 2680: 2220: 2208: 2204: 2191:

There are prominent Arab non-Muslim minorities in the Arab world. These minorities include the

1947: 1920: 1910: 1368: 1348: 1211: 1082: 971: 921: 891: 871: 806: 786: 761: 756: 751: 664: 627: 600: 576: 571: 141: 131: 9163:"ADL Says Americans Must Remain United, Reject Group Hatred in Aftermath of Terrorist Attacks" 8316: 8304: 7845: 6827: 5926: 5783: 5720: 4430: 4067: 12124: 11989: 11949: 11882: 11779: 11727: 11654: 11409: 11173: 11085: 11060: 11055: 11040: 11035: 11030: 10970: 10925: 10885: 10791: 10761: 10664: 10277: 10085: 9977: 9972: 9887: 9848: 9655: 9650: 8879: 8680: 5447: 4941: 4913: 4880: 4831: 4799: 4704: 4676: 4288: 4033: 3806: 3620: 3574: 3513: 3192: 2839: 2822:

Some critics of the Iranian government contend that it is carrying out a policy of anti-Arab

2816: 2703: 2689: 2526: 2518: 2212: 2200: 1915: 1875: 1808: 1697: 1645: 1564: 1313: 1077: 981: 956: 951: 936: 931: 926: 866: 821: 781: 687: 659: 554: 151: 8600: 8422: 6981: 6442: 4556: 4496: 4422: 4243: 2650:, after a young Arab man was shot dead and another Arab man was lynched by a group of Roma. 12134: 11860: 11394: 11268: 10985: 10950: 10900: 10875: 10696: 10659: 10390: 10252: 10040: 9906: 9550: 9487: 9457: 9442: 9427: 5640: 5631: 3778: 3533: 3057: 2936: 2497: 2216: 1786: 1298: 1172: 881: 846: 796: 771: 586: 549: 272: 126: 7491:"Houbara Bustards Are Dying Because of the Myth That Their Meat Has Aphrodisiac Qualities" 5429: 4768: 2251: 2236: 8: 12036: 11897: 11532: 11434: 11414: 11203: 11111: 11070: 11050: 11020: 10920: 10715: 10530: 10060: 9815: 9694: 9447: 8578: 8423: 7737: 7606:"Saudi prince's rare bird hunt stirs outrage in Pakistan after massive loan - Yahoo News" 7429: 7174: 5027: 3916: 3838:

as an anti-Israel protest organization. According to an AAI 2007 poll of Arab-Americans:

3274: 3226: 3085: 2667:

A higher rate of racial profiling is conducted on Blacks and Arabs by the French police.

2612: 2493: 2474: 2468: 2460: 2308: 2282: 2123: 1962: 1823: 1442: 1338: 1318: 1107: 1015: 966: 946: 916: 816: 605: 412: 8622: 7387: 7150:"Top Rabbis Move to Forbid Renting Homes to Arabs, Say 'Racism Originated in the Torah'" 6635:"West Bank Massacre; Israel Eases Curfew in Territories; Ensuing Riots Deepen Pessimism" 11809: 11804: 11794: 11742: 11732: 11707: 11649: 11607: 11517: 11512: 11507: 11419: 10727: 10090: 10070: 9729: 9660: 9628: 9595: 9585: 9467: 9249: 8802: 8698: 8547: 8470: 8258: 8250: 8111: 8103: 7545: 7300: 7272: 7216:"High above Nazareth, an Israeli mayor wants to keep his city Jewish 'now and forever'" 6930: 6808: 6639: 6528: 6504: 6395:

Kraft, Scott (February 28, 1994). "Extremists Pay Tribute to Killer of 48 at Funeral".

6304: 6296: 6231: 6096: 5931: 5839: 5081:. Translated by Ralph Manheim. Princeton: Princeton University Press. pp. 351–12. 4403: 4399: 3663:

provoked further widespread expressions of virulent anti-Arabism in the United States.

3616: 3296: 3196: 3031: 2858: 1727: 1722: 1712: 1660: 1650: 1625: 1559: 1517: 1427: 1422: 1417: 1323: 617: 2826:. While there has been large amounts of investment in industrial projects such as the 2707:). Iran is a multi-ethnic society with its Arab minority mainly located in the south. 12068: 11979: 11907: 11892: 11691: 11634: 11439: 11347: 11238: 11158: 11005: 10307: 9749: 9714: 9704: 9665: 9605: 9555: 9477: 9462: 9432: 9253: 9142: 8885: 8834: 8806: 8434: 8401: 8320: 8262: 8167: 8115: 7940: 7915: 7849: 7838: 7822: 7781: 7760: 7346:"Benjamin Netanyahu's racist remarks may have swung Israeli election, pollster finds" 6949: 6508: 6458: 6443: 6397: 6308: 6288: 6107: 6014: 5987: 5960: 5905: 5843: 5789: 5726: 5671: 5617: 5565: 5225: 5134: 5082: 5057: 4568: 4557: 4508: 4497: 4459: 4434: 4423: 4407: 4360: 4340: 4315: 4259: 4244: 4117: 4113: 4073: 4039: 3721:

wrote "at its worst, it's blatantly racist, using Arabs as cartoon-cutout bad guys".

3478: 3410:

Anti-Arab sentiment is also further fueled by ultranationalist groups, including the

3301: 3128: 2831: 2765: 2620: 2264: 2119: 1994: 1905: 1833: 1818: 1601: 1544: 1343: 1251: 1142: 1062: 901: 181: 7627:"Pakistan urged to ban Arab sheikhs from hunting endangered birds | World news" 7198:"Survey: Most Israeli Jews Wouldn't Give Palestinians Vote if West Bank Was Annexed" 6666: 2944:

The Arab of the desert eats locusts, while the dogs of Isfahan drink ice-cold water.

2575:, using Africa as a reservoir for labor, especially in moments of dire need. During 12031: 12016: 11944: 11865: 11835: 11666: 11502: 11208: 10776: 10627: 10525: 9820: 9803: 9793: 9771: 9734: 9724: 9709: 9699: 9618: 9613: 9590: 9580: 9345: 9241: 9166: 8798: 8466: 8242: 8142: 8095: 7350: 7092: 7061: 6732: 6496: 6280: 5831: 4764: 4537: 4395: 4228: 4140: 4109: 3772: 3717: 3682: 3376:

under Ottoman rule. Future policy of anti-Arab sentiment, including the process of

3120: 3109: 3061: 3023:

launched a school programme to warn Jewish girls against dating local Bedouin men.

2994: 2823: 2562: 2347: 1957: 1942: 1870: 1791: 1761: 1576: 1412: 1112: 674: 517: 407: 9111: 7562:"Saudi Prince 'Kills 2,100 Endangered Houbara Bustards In Pakistan Hunting Spree'" 6618:] Palestinian residents of the city, but not on the 400 Jewish settlers of H2. 6332: 6131:"Iran and the Arabs Friendlier hands across the Gulf Old suspicions and new links" 5543: 4312:

Bargaining for Reality: The Construction of Social Relations in a Muslim Community

2277:, all non-Catholics were expelled. In 1492, Arab converts to Christianity, called 12139: 12046: 11954: 11850: 11799: 11659: 11644: 11624: 11589: 11302: 11213: 11148: 10955: 10905: 10691: 10550: 10135: 10100: 9992: 9825: 9744: 9719: 9687: 9677: 9645: 9640: 9535: 9492: 9482: 9472: 9437: 9417: 9402: 9352: 8675: 8527: 8205: 8099: 7009: 5835: 5697: 5318: 4472: 3820: 3489: 3214:, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) drew criticism when several young soldiers had 3181: 3012: 2797: 2768:, they are viewed more than ever by the clerical regime in Tehran as a potential 2746: 2734: 2593: 2538: 2514: 2504: 2440: 2315:

revolutionaries, according to reports, and thousands of others fled the country.

2301: 2192: 2115: 1972: 1880: 1776: 1717: 1569: 1554: 1534: 1499: 1206: 1117: 1052: 851: 801: 581: 432: 7451: 7403: 6284: 5194: 5142: 12041: 11999: 11969: 11959: 11877: 11870: 11855: 11845: 11681: 11617: 11559: 11554: 11539: 11322: 11317: 11312: 11198: 11133: 10669: 10642: 10495: 10197: 10112: 9766: 9635: 8855: 8828: 8761: 7710: 7046: 6877: 6630: 5812: 5031: 4300:"Du problème berbère au dilemme kabyle a l'aube du 21e siècle", Maxime Ait Kaki 3942: 3809: 3743: 3729: 3687: 3644: 3517: 3497: 3369: 3293: 3267: 3140: 3097: 3042: 2757: 2711: 2661: 2653: 2636: 2436: 2335: 2323: 2273:

by the indigenous Christians from the Moorish colonists was completed with the

2256: 2147: 1967: 1925: 1895: 1885: 1803: 1796: 1781: 1771: 1591: 1527: 1469: 1464: 1449: 1226: 1221: 1216: 1102: 1037: 559: 532: 377: 51: 9135:

Silent Victims: The Plight of Arab & Muslim Americans in Post 9/11 America

8734: 8364: 7474:"U.S. Committee for Refugees and Immigrants World Refugee Survey 2007 - Niger" 7249: 6935: 6500: 5368: 3049:

refused to recognize a Bedouin holy site despite a High Court recommendation.

12118: 12053: 11676: 11612: 11597: 11459: 11424: 11404: 11275: 11218: 11153: 10572: 10475: 9928: 9575: 9540: 9452: 9412: 9037: 8810: 6292: 5335: 5138: 4541: 4121: 4013:"Majority and Minorities in the Arab World: The Lack of a Unifying Narrative" 3805:

The American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee (ADC) was founded in 1980 by

3699: 3509: 3377: 3373: 3169: 2773: 2750: 2730: 2676: 2643: 2542: 2456: 2375: 2331: 2312: 2126:

in Australia. In the modern era, anti-Arabism is apparent in many nations in

1979: 1586: 1522: 1507: 1363: 1328: 1308: 1179: 1122: 1057: 454: 357: 9245: 8278:"Qatari student, 16, dies after 'race' attack in Hastings | World news" 6065:"Islamic Revival and Middle East Social Revolution | AL-ALAM AL-ISLAMI" 3123:, whose platform includes the redrawing of Israel's borders so that 500,000 11887: 11774: 11602: 11569: 11549: 11479: 11469: 11449: 11429: 11065: 10965: 10701: 10676: 10540: 10480: 10445: 10410: 10405: 10095: 9940: 9165:(Press release). Anti-Defamation League. September 14, 2001. Archived from 8881:

Forbidden Animation: Censored Cartoons and Blacklisted Animators in America

8824: 8786: 7868:"Female birds breed better in captivity if they see sexy males – Phenomena" 7365: 6832: 5421: 4000: 3936: 3921: 3859: 3813: 3724: 3712: 3695: 3648: 3633: 3589: 3447:

In 2008, a Qatari 16-year-old was killed in a racially motivated attack in

3282: 3150: 3145: 3101: 2925: 2769: 2685: 2608: 2534: 2482: 2418: 2351: 2240: 2185: 2171: 1813: 1692: 1512: 1479: 1459: 1383: 1373: 1353: 1333: 961: 861: 591: 566: 422: 362: 327: 292: 287: 31: 6072: 3096:, throwing stones at Arabs, destroying Arab property, with some chanting " 2935:

Negative views Persians have of Arabs include eating habits such as Arabs

2607:

This large number of immigrants was of great help for France's rapid post–

11789: 11749: 11717: 11584: 11544: 11384: 11297: 11248: 11223: 11123: 10823: 10562: 10545: 10500: 10415: 10020: 9987: 9565: 9545: 9138: 9011: 8146: 8086:

AKTURK, AHMET SERDAR (2010). "Arabs in Kemalist Turkish Historiography".

7193: 6148: 6130: 5756: 3827: 3656: 3601: 3566: 3552: 3481: 3381: 3347: 3016: 2835: 2628: 2576: 2500:

and that 90% of female respondents experienced racial abuse or violence.

2417:. This movement was known by its adoption and promotion of Anti-Arab and 2339: 2274: 2269: 2167: 1707: 1667: 1635: 1494: 1454: 1288: 1201: 1152: 1127: 1027: 719: 444: 427: 382: 297: 8107: 7646:"Saudi Royal on Houbara Bustard hunting spree in Balochistan - Pakistan" 6736: 2999: 2281:, were expelled from Spain to North Africa after being condemned by the 12063: 12058: 11939: 11934: 11830: 11814: 11671: 11564: 11522: 11484: 11292: 11280: 11253: 11243: 11163: 10589: 10584: 10555: 10490: 10329: 9916: 9570: 9560: 9497: 8981:(Press release). Arab American Institute. July 16, 2007. Archived from 8312: 8254: 7373: 6149:"The Gulf All latest updates What's in a name? Call it Persian—or else" 4099: 3544: 3415: 3400: 3164:

Vandalized grave. The graffiti says "death to the Arabs" by an unknown.

3105: 3020: 2693: 2616: 2403: 2293: 1989: 1984: 1865: 1860: 1756: 1732: 1581: 1474: 1432: 1388: 1196: 1184: 1157: 1147: 1067: 471: 466: 437: 372: 203: 9110:(Press release). Anti-Defamation League. July 30, 2003. Archived from 8246: 7132:"Israeli court allows protesters to picket Palestinian-Jewish wedding" 6300: 2533:

In 2010, Houda, his lawyer Chris Murphy, and Channel Seven journalist

2485:

said the violence revealed the "ugly face of racism in this country".

11964: 11912: 11629: 11228: 10355: 10080: 10015: 9520: 8729: 8653: 6870:"ADL Dismayed At Offensive Remarks Made By Member of Israeli Knesset" 6594: 3610: 3570: 3414:

and pan-Turkist nationalist parties, who called for invasions on the

3260: 3177: 3053: 3046: 2777: 2737:

as the single greatest tragedy in Iran's long history. Following the

2697: 2647: 2624: 2522: 2371: 2343: 2228: 1890: 1838: 1539: 1132: 237: 8309:

The United States and the Middle East: A Search for New Perspectives

8009:"Palestinians Were Spared Turkey's Rising anti-Arab Hate. Until Now" 6440: 6204: 5167:

Hamilton, Kimberly; Simon, Patrick; Veniard, Clara (November 2004).

3749:

In 1993, the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee confronted

3467:

The United States and the Middle East: A Search for New Perspectives

3229:, called an undercover police officer a "dirty Arab" whilst touring 11929: 11759: 11686: 11337: 11263: 11168: 11128: 10520: 10515: 10510: 10435: 10430: 10425: 10365: 10050: 7974:"The debris of history: Christians and Arabs of the Ottoman Empire" 7665: 7645: 7585: 7329: 6777:

Beitar Jerusalem hails a year free of racist chanting in the stands

6098:

Debating Muslims: Cultural Dialogues in Postmodernity and Tradition

5281:"Iran: New government fails to address dire human rights situation" 3738: 3604:. Krugel was murdered in November 2005 while in the custody of the 3505: 3485: 3448: 3351: 3304:

proposed beheading Israeli Arabs that are "disloyal" to the state.

3230: 3160: 3093: 3089: 2632: 2597: 2572: 2263:

Anti-Arab prejudice is suggested by many events in history. In the

2227:, among other Arab countries. There are also sizable minorities of 2139: 1855: 1677: 1596: 1241: 1167: 1072: 1032: 402: 397: 392: 317: 312: 307: 247: 7250:"Abu Khdeir Murderer Sentenced to Life Imprisonment Plus 20 Years" 10440: 10334: 10314: 10287: 10262: 10166: 10010: 8305:"Media, Public Discourse, and U.S. Policy toward the Middle East" 7097: 7041: 6905: 6804:"Soccer Hooligans in Israel Bring Racist Chants to Shopping Mall" 6758: 6697: 6348:"Jewish soldiers refuse to share Seder table with Druze comrades" 6327: 5344: 5056:(in French) (2nd ed.). Paris: Editions Entente. p. 50. 4969: 4760: 4627: 4069:

Between Heaven and Hell: Islam, Salvation, and the Fate of Others

3812:. The ADC claims that it is the largest Arab-American grassroots 3629: 3548: 3392: 3320: 3317: 3222: 3215: 3154: 3038: 2588: 2584: 2580: 2425: 2407: 2384: 2379: 2278: 2142:. Various advocacy organizations have been formed to protect the 322: 208: 188: 161: 136: 59: 8160:

Mammone, Andrea; Godin, Emmanuel; Jenkins, Brian (May 7, 2013).

7666:"Houbara bustards: An annual massacre of national pride - Blogs" 6323:"Bedouin ask UN to help fight systemic discrimination in Israel" 6093: 3433:, which led to the discrimination against Arabs in Turkey grow. 3259:

Arabs. According to the poll, 58% supported the use of the term

2541:

police officer, behaved in a corrupt fashion by trying to alter

2330:

to refer to movements he perceives to be anti-Arab, such as the

2326:

notes of the writing of Tawfiq al-Fikayki that he uses the term

2304:

by India in 1948, about 7,000 Arabs were interned and deported.

2050: 11389: 10420: 10319: 10297: 10292: 10242: 9388: 8400:(Centennial ed.). New American Library. 2005. p. 96. 8372:"The Ayn Rand Institute: America at War: Israeli-Arab Conflict" 8188:"Turkmens: The Turkish minority fighting for survival in Syria" 8061:"Syrian refugees who were welcomed in Turkey now face backlash" 7037:"Dead Palestinian babies and bombed mosques - IDF fashion 2009" 6006: 3750: 3637: 3560: 3493: 3430: 3245: 3237: 3073: 2874: 2742: 2568: 2510: 2507: 2478: 2184:

among Arab populations, Anti-Arabism is commonly confused with

2135: 2127: 1293: 302: 193: 171: 166: 116: 6754:"Acre gang stabs, lightly wounds MK Abbas Zakur in hate crime" 6487:

Wilson, Rodney (2007). "Review Article: Islam and Terrorism".

6118:

the Arabs of the desert eat locusts while the dogs of Isfahan.

4246:

The Arabic Language and National Identity: A Study in Ideology

3350:

has led to negative sentiment against wealthy Arab shaykhs in

2320:

The Arabic Language and National Identity: a Study in Ideology

11399: 10247: 10025: 9215:"FL rights group rejects ADL demand to bar Muslim from panel" 7586:"PPP to raise houbara bustard hunting issue in NA - Pakistan" 5877:"Alleged Assault On Iranian Teens Stokes Anti-Arab Sentiment" 5127:"France's New Nazis: The Resistible Rise of Jean-Marie LePen" 5104:

Les étrangers en France: leur role dans l'activite economique

4827:"Suing police again, the lawyer of Middle Eastern appearance" 3419: 3344:

Gulf Arabs hunting the endangered Houbara bustard in Pakistan

3327: 3313: 3249: 3027: 2921: 2749:

due to discrimination against them by their Arab rulers. The

2715: 2232: 2181: 2108: 1303: 121: 8667:

Ratner, Lizzy & Schneider-Mayerson, Anna (May 7, 2007).

6790:"Beitar Jerusalem ordered to end racist ban on Arab players" 6197:"وزارة الثقافة الايرانية: أغنية "عرب كُش" غير مرخصة قانونيا" 2176:

Arabs are people whose native language is Arabic. People of

12011: 11840: 7062:"IDF education officer slams troops' 'belittling' T-shirts" 6414:"Growing Intolerance Threatens the Humane Jewish Tradition" 3556: 3423: 3331: 3323: 3113: 2929: 2843: 2761: 2177: 2131: 1937: 1766: 9275: 9193:"ADL settles with Arabs, others to wrap up 6-year lawsuit" 7476:. US Committee for Refugees and Immigrants. July 11, 2007. 7091:

Goren, Yuval; Stern, Yoav; Mualem, Mazal (June 16, 2009).

5491: 5112:

Colonial Migrants and Racism: Algerians in France, 1900-62

2830:, local universities, and other national projects such as 9357: 9078:"State's skyrocketing anti-Arab incidents pain area Jews" 6954: 6901:"Boim: Is Palestinian terror caused by a genetic defect?" 6614: 4909:"Police officer accused of trying to bribe Channel Seven" 3789: 3528:. The same was true in the days following September 11." 3508:, hostility toward Arabs increased in the United States. 2849:

However, it is also true that non-Arab provinces such as

9298:"Draft outcome document of the Durban Review Conference" 8414: 6978:"Racist attacks against Arabs increase tenfold - report" 5785:

The Ayatollah Begs to Differ: The Paradox of Modern Iran

5588:"Civic umbrella body to highlight plight of the Basarwa" 5517: 3368:

Turkey has a history of strong anti-Arabism. During the

2642:

In May 2005, riots broke out between North Africans and

2639:

was noted for dramatically toughening immigration laws.

4791:"Adam Houda: 'talk out against oppression and injustice 2719: 2571:, with still great post-colonial power over its former 8924:"American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee web page" 8425:

Goddess of the market: Ayn Rand and the American Right

8220:"Erdogan Wants to Redraw the Middle East's Ethnic Map" 7800:. K. K. Thomas at Recorder Press. 1995. p. 24490. 7005:"Israel Military condemns soldiers' shocking T-shirts" 5252:"La police mise en cause pour ses contrôles au faciès" 4644:"Muslims feel the hands of racism tighten around them" 4590:"1000 extra police officers ready for Sydney lockdown" 4065: 2615:. During the 1980s, political disfavor with President 2370:

Anti-Arabism is a major element of movements known as

2259:, Honduras, calling for an expulsion of Arabs and Jews 2107:) includes opposition to, dislike, fear, or hatred of 9217:. cair-florida.org. November 14, 2001. Archived from 8927: 6848:"Breaking News, World News and Video from Al Jazeera" 6545:"The Goldstein massacre and the danger of escalation" 5897: 4641: 3950:

Stereotypes of Arabs and Muslims in the United States

3673:

Stereotypes of Arabs and Muslims in the United States

3241:

weddings uniting a Palestinian and a Jewish partner.

27:

Opposition to, dislike, fear or hatred of Arab people

8669:"Memo from Old Rumsfeld Aide May Sink Bronfman Heir" 8575:"Hate crime reports up in wake of terrorist attacks" 8085: 7389:

Lieberman: Disloyal Israeli Arabs Should Be Beheaded

6524:"Israel votes ban on Jewish groups linked to Kahane" 6252:"Israeli drive to prevent Jewish girls dating Arabs" 6000: 5630: 5488:"دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات درمانی جندی شاپور اهواز" 5275: 5273: 5166: 4278:

La "Turcofobia". Discriminación anti-Árabe en Chile.

3753:

about anti-Arab racist content in its animated film

3559:

men attacked for wearing their religiously mandated

2912:). Arabs use slurs against Persians by calling them 9341:

Aljazeera.com: What do Israelis say about the Arabs

8159: 4934: 4621:Brown, Malcolm; Dan Silkstone (December 13, 2005). 4559:

Race and Nation: Ethnic Systems in the Modern World

4499:

Race and Nation: Ethnic Systems in the Modern World

4137:"Hadhrami migration in the 19th and 20th centuries" 2350:, pervert history, emphasize Arab regression, deny 8374:. www.aynrand.org. August 22, 2007. Archived from 7837: 7711:"Pakistan enforces hunting ban on Houbara bustard" 7426:"Niger's Arabs say expulsions will fuel race hate" 7370:"Netanyahu's racism won him the Israeli elections" 7167: 6095: 5401: 4620: 3970:"Islamophobia should be as unacceptable as racism" 11975:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States 10076:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States 8543:"'Vibes Made Man Kill... and Confess, Police Say" 8390: 8342:"Arab Americans and American Muslims Are at Risk" 7325:"Netanyahu Can't Walk Back His Election Rhetoric" 7093:"Public security minister calls cop 'dirty Arab'" 5891: 5788:. 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Archived from 4490: 4488: 4453: 2949:عرب در بیابان ملخ میخورد سگ اصفهان آب یخ میخورد 1545:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) 11117:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 8781: 8779: 7541:"For Saudis and Pakistan a Bird of Contention" 7516:"Why Is the Houbara Bustard Making Headlines?" 7322: 7296:"Netanyahu Apologizes; White House Is Unmoved" 7235:"Shocked Palestinian family waits to bury son" 6821: 6819: 6725:"Israeli's World Cup hopes saved by ... Arabs" 6568: 6434: 6388: 5979: 5807: 5805: 5106:(in French). Paris: Armand Colin. p. 170. 5051: 4530:PoLAR: Political and Legal Anthropology Review 4163:"Country Histories: Independence for Zanzibar" 3795: 3619:, the Secretary-General of the New York–based 3277:was kidnapped, beaten and burned alive, after 2813:Criticism of human rights reports on Khuzestan 1021:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 10182: 9373: 9000: 8429:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 7932: 7780:. 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Archived from 4962: 4906: 4824: 4727:"Muslim lawyer wrongly arrested: court told" 4485: 4421:Bengio, Ofra & Ben-Dor, Gabriel (1999). 3135:, increasing its seats by 4 compared to the 2880:Persians use slurs like "Tazi Kaseef" (lit. 11333:List of people killed for being transgender 8776: 8398:Ayn Rand answers: the best of her Q & A 8339: 8232: 8163:Varieties of Right-Wing Extremism in Europe 7428:. Reuters. October 25, 2006. Archived from 7192: 6816: 6748: 6746: 6094:Michael M. J. Fischer; Mehdi Abedi (1990). 5802: 5781: 5403:"Tehrans secret war against its own people" 5162: 5160: 4989: 4928: 4066:Mohammad Hassan Khalil (January 31, 2013). 4031: 2971:We are not Arabs!" "We are not terrorists!" 2884:), "Arabe malakh-khor" (عرب ملخ‌خور) (lit. 2152:American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee 1237:List of people killed for being transgender 10189: 10175: 9380: 9366: 9069: 9060:American Arabs and Political Participation 8486: 8484: 8482: 8480: 8452: 8450: 6405: 6374:"The Real Significant of Baruch Goldstein" 6007:Shirin Tahir-Kheli; Shaheen Ayubi (1983). 5973: 5924: 5746: 5445:"While the West fiddles, Iran's people..." 5114:. New York: St Martin's Press. p. 67. 4956: 4935:Murphy, Christopher (September 21, 2010). 4868: 4846: 4815: 4783: 4749: 4719: 4691: 4663: 4425:Minorities and the State in the Arab World 4339:. Blackwell Publishing. pp. 278–282. 4272: 3992: 3041:representatives submitted a report to the 2846:compared to the treatment of local Arabs. 2246: 2033: 2019: 10046:Interminority racism in the United States 9346:ADL statement against Anti-Arab prejudice 9181: 8873: 8871: 8749: 8577:. CNN. September 17, 2001. Archived from 8520:"Terrorism: Q & A | Hate Crimes" 7232: 7114:"Israel's vile anti-miscegenation squads" 7002: 6828:"41% of Israel's Jews favour segregation" 6489:British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 6411: 6371: 5983:Iranian Perspectives on the Iran-Iraq War 5956:Persian Mirrors: The Elusive Face of Iran 5865: 3863:Arab-Americans and American Muslims. The 3273:On July 2, 2014, 16-year-old Palestinian 10456:Social determinants of health in poverty 9075: 8856:"Arabs suffer in the hands of Hollywood" 8853: 8760: 8722: 8033: 6743: 6629: 6521: 6419:Washington Report on Middle East Affairs 6279:(6). Sage Publications, Ltd.: 727, 738. 6167:"National Geographic Magazine - NGM.com" 5775: 5718: 5442: 5399: 5308:Perry–Castañeda Library Map Collection, 5222:"French riots borne of mutual exclusion" 5157: 5109: 4241: 4235: 4191: 4139:. British-Yemeni Society. Archived from 4072:. Oxford University Press. p. 297. 3613:, no arrest has been made in that case. 3520:. According to a report prepared by the 3159: 3068:29 Palestinian Muslim worshipers at the 2998: 2455: 2410:consciousness and Anti-Arab sentiments. 2250: 2075:of all important aspects of the article. 338:Social determinants of health in poverty 9231: 9132: 8956:from the original on September 14, 2010 8884:. McFarland & Company. p. 74. 8823: 8785: 8477: 8447: 8296: 8036:"Anti-Arab sentiment on rise in Turkey" 6825: 6345: 6270: 5811: 5219: 5021: 4554: 4494: 4458:(in French). L'Harmattan. p. 140. 4385: 4134: 3768:Americans for Middle East Understanding 14: 12117: 10118:Sociology of race and ethnic relations 9190: 8868: 8657:. Associated Press. November 14, 2002. 8456: 8302: 8131:"Arabs and Turks: So Close Yet So Far" 8003: 8001: 7999: 7971: 7920:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 7865: 7815:J. Robert Hunter (February 19, 2014). 7247: 7226: 7182:from the original on January 12, 2022. 6542: 6486: 6480: 6471: 6227:"'Protecting' Jewish girls from Arabs" 5953:Elaine Sciolino (September 25, 2001). 5874: 5670:. Iran-embassy-oslo.no. Archived from 5636:"Iran on rough road to WTO membership" 5420: 5076: 5024:"Read the Papers And Fear the Muslims" 4854:"Houda v The State of New South Wales" 4672:"Payout for lawyer dragged from court" 4587: 4218: 3999: 3788:and an educational children's show on 3204:Association for Civil Rights in Israel 3168:In 2004, then Deputy Defense Minister 2619:'s social programs led to the rise of 2513:, has been repeatedly harassed by the 2463:in Sydney, Australia in December 2005. 2360: 2071:Please consider expanding the lead to 10170: 9361: 8877: 8766:"The 'towel-heads' take on Hollywood" 8723:Ferguson, Barbara (August 16, 2010). 8540: 8420: 7810:. Asiaweek Limited. 1992. p. 36. 7759:. Crown/Archetype. pp. 191–192. 7624: 7538: 7513: 6923: 6659: 6587: 6581: 6562: 6394: 5959:. Simon and Schuster. pp. 170–. 5311:Iran ethnoreligious distribution 2004 5124: 5101: 4698:Wallace, Natasha (October 25, 2005). 4309: 4192:Heartman, Adam (September 26, 2006). 4093: 4038:. Sussex Academic Press. p. 45. 3980:from the original on February 6, 2008 3849:Council on American-Islamic Relations 2537:claimed that Frank Menilli, a senior 2161: 2156:Council on American-Islamic Relations 12099: 11139:Capital punishment for homosexuality 10461:Social determinants of mental health 10141: 9008:"25 Facts about CAIR: Did you know?" 8789:(2000). "Hollywood's Muslim Arabs". 8629:from the original on January 5, 2006 8459:Journal of Applied Social Psychology 8352:from the original on January 2, 2016 8275: 8128: 7773: 7112:Seth Freedman (September 29, 2009). 7059: 7003:Macintyre, Donald (March 22, 2009). 6898: 6701:. September 12, 2000. Archived from 6693:"The Or Inquiry - Summary of Events" 6235:. September 18, 2009. Archived from 5904:. Ticknor & Fields. p. 19. 5400:Tatchell, Peter (October 10, 2006). 4429:. Lynne Rienner Publishers. p. 4102:Journal of Applied Social Psychology 3967: 3694:Like the image projected of Jews in 3579:U.S. Department of Homeland Security 2963:dispute the name of the Persian Gulf 2289:, today carries a negative meaning. 2044: 1043:Capital punishment for homosexuality 343:Social determinants of mental health 11259:Genital modification and mutilation 9531:Discrimination based on nationality 8034:Tremblay, Pinar (August 21, 2014). 7996: 7933:Daniel Jacobs (February 16, 2009). 7730:"Houbara Bustard: Seasonal killers" 7404:"Niger starts mass Arab expulsions" 7017:from the original on March 23, 2009 6876:. December 14, 2004. Archived from 6102:. Univ of Wisconsin Press. p. 5925:Sadjadpour, Karim (March 5, 2011). 5757:"Persians v Arabs: Same old sneers" 5594:. February 10, 2004. Archived from 5362: 5195:"'Race killing' sparks French riot" 5169:"The Challenge of French Diversity" 4965:"Lawyer to sue NSW Police for $ 5m" 4907:Gibson, Joel (September 21, 2010). 4287:"Le monde arabe existe-il ?", 4219:Zuljan, Ralph (December 16, 2000). 4017:Jerusalem Center For Public Affairs 3879: 3858:(ADL), which was founded to combat 3492:lecture, explained her support for 3316:announced that it would deport the 3312:In October 2006, the government of 2954: 2948: 2851:Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province 2285:. The Spanish word "moro", meaning 1163:Genital modification and mutilation 24: 10196: 9076:Eskenazi, Joe (October 19, 2001). 8803:10.1111/j.1478-1913.2000.tb03680.x 8555:from the original on March 4, 2016 8541:Dewan, Shaila K. (April 1, 2003). 8471:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2005.tb02195.x 7818:Simple Things Won't Save the Earth 7539:Walsh, Declan (February 8, 2015). 7497:. February 7, 2014. Archived from 7452:"Niger's Arabs to fight expulsion" 7072:from the original on April 1, 2009 6950:"Israeli anti-Arab racism 'rises'" 6779:– Jewish Chronicle, 1 January 2019 6590:"Fabled town, divided and bruised" 6522:Haberman, Clyde (March 14, 1994). 6412:Brownfeld, Allan C. (March 1999). 5782:Hooman Majd (September 23, 2008). 5694:"Iranian book of Arabic education" 5668:"Iranian embassy information page" 5616:. November 1, 2005. Archived from 5443:Frampton, Martyn (March 7, 2006). 5054:L'immigration algérienne en France 4825:Mercer, Neil (November 13, 2011). 4588:Ansley, Greg (December 16, 2005). 4400:10.1111/j.1477-7053.1983.tb00024.x 4005:"Arab Christians: An Introduction" 3800: 3698:, the image of Arabs projected by 3143:, was described as "anti-Arab" by 2958:) means "to be a complete idiot". 2952:). In Iran "to be outright Arab" ( 2788:denied state employment under the 25: 12151: 9329: 9191:Wiener, Julie (October 1, 1999). 8854:Levesque, John (March 21, 2002). 8725:"Ground Zero mosque polarizes US" 8649:"JDL leader Irv Rubin dies at 57" 8623:"Jewish extremist killed in jail" 8307:. In Amirahmadi, Hooshang (ed.). 7972:Kardaş, Ümit (January 29, 2018). 7514:Bryce, Emma (February 18, 2015). 7323:JACOB ERIKSSON (March 23, 2015). 7233:Carlstrom, Gregg (July 4, 2014). 6926:"Israeli Arabs: Israel is racist" 6543:Surkes, Sue (February 28, 2014). 6203:. August 19, 2015. Archived from 5566:"Iran to build new nuclear plant" 5367:. Al-Ahram Weekly. Archived from 5334: 4670:Wallace, Natasha (June 9, 2005). 4169:. Channel 4. 2007. Archived from 4135:Freitag, Ulrike (December 1999). 4007:. Arabic Bible Outreach Ministry. 3968:Bodi, Faisal (January 12, 2004). 3891: 3436: 3290:2015 Israeli legislative election 3139:. This policy, also known as the 3052:In 1994, a Jewish settler in the 2892:) and call Arabs "پابرهنه" (lit. 2782:Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps 2548: 12098: 12089: 12088: 11738:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 11575:Law for Protection of the Nation 11475:White genocide conspiracy theory 10150: 10140: 10131: 10130: 9290: 9268:"NABA British Arabs Association" 9260: 9225: 9207: 9155: 9126: 9100: 9052: 9026: 8968: 8942: 8916: 8898: 8847: 8817: 8716: 8704: 8692:Lefkovits, Etgar (May 4, 2007). 8686: 8661: 8641: 8615: 8601:"SPLCenter.org: Hate Groups Map" 8593: 8567: 8534: 8512: 8333: 8269: 8226: 8212: 8198: 8180: 8153: 8122: 8079: 8053: 8027: 7965: 7872:Phenomena.nationalgeographic.com 7836:James Fergusson (May 24, 2011). 7753:Rachel Maddow (March 27, 2012). 7685:Adam Withnall (April 22, 2014). 7568:. April 22, 2014. Archived from 7480: 7466: 7444: 7418: 7396: 7380: 7358: 7337: 7316: 7288: 7268:"An Israeli Election Turns Ugly" 7260: 7241: 7208: 7186: 7160: 7142: 7124: 7105: 7084: 7045:. March 20, 2009. Archived from 6970: 6942: 6924:Rudge, David (August 11, 2005). 6917: 6892: 6862: 6840: 6826:McGreal, Chris (March 4, 2006). 6796: 6782: 6770: 6717: 6346:Gurvitz, Yossi (April 8, 2012). 6249: 5696:. Edu.tebyan.net. Archived from 5022:Dujisin, Zoltán (May 23, 2008), 4454:Slimani-Direche, Karina (2002). 4114:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2007.00200.x 3666: 3585:, planned to bomb Arab-American 3484:author, scholar and philosopher 3454: 3391:, anti-Arabism has intensified. 3244:In 2010, dozens of Israel's top 3236:Since the 2000s, groups such as 2741:, many Iranians (also known as " 2049: 1656:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 1485:Law for Protection of the Nation 1379:White genocide conspiracy theory 58: 11580:MSM blood donation restrictions 11328:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory 10151: 8276:Pidd, Helen (August 26, 2008). 8149:– via www.cairn-int.info. 7939:. Rough Guides. pp. 436–. 7344:LUKE BRINKER (March 25, 2015). 6762:. July 30, 2006. Archived from 6735:. April 1, 2005. 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Archived from 3078:Palestinian freedom of movement 2888:), "soosmar-khor" (سوسمارخور) ( 2855:Sistan and Baluchestan Province 2398:The Anti-Arab sentiments among 2063:may be too short to adequately 1490:MSM blood donation restrictions 1232:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory 11593:(as religious or racial quota) 10036:Go back to where you came from 8833:. Interlink Publishing Group. 8340:James Zogby (August 2, 2014). 7866:Switek, Brian (June 8, 2010). 6331:. July 3, 2006. Archived from 6173:. May 15, 2012. Archived from 5131:International Socialist Review 4963:Mercer, Neil (March 8, 2012). 4212: 4185: 4155: 4128: 4059: 4025: 3961: 2073:provide an accessible overview 1503:(as religious or racial quota) 13: 1: 12007:Second-generation gender bias 11723:Constitutional colorblindness 10451:Social determinants of health 8878:Cohen, Karl F. (March 1998). 6571:"The Shame of Shuhada Street" 6035:"Arabs rise, Tehran trembles" 5927:"Arabs Rise, Tehran Trembles" 5490:. Ajums.ac.ir. Archived from 4623:"Fresh violence rocks Sydney" 4221:"Revolution in Zanzibar 1964" 3955: 3643:In 2004, American radio host 3210:In March 2009, following the 3088:, Israelis counter-rioted in 2567:France used to be a colonial 1933:Second-generation gender bias 1641:Constitutional colorblindness 333:Social determinants of health 8100:10.1080/00263206.2010.504553 7860:houbara bustard aphrodisiac. 5836:10.1080/00210862.2011.617157 5614:Islamic Republic News Agency 5428:. Café Babel. Archived from 5365:"Ethnicity versus theocracy" 4361:"Berbers protest in Kabylia" 3896:The outcome document of the 3830:, a prominent Democrat, the 3469:(1992), notes that whereas " 3443:Racism in the United Kingdom 3119:The Israeli political party 3108:". Among the Israeli teams, 2942:In Iran, there is a saying, 2451: 7: 11918:Medical model of disability 11770:Hate speech laws by country 8950:"U.S. Anti-Israel Activity" 8303:Dorman, William A. (1992). 7899:National Geographic Society 7248:Hasson, Nir (May 3, 2016). 7060:Blau, Uri (April 1, 2009). 6285:10.1177/0022343398035006005 6137:. Cairo. December 19, 2007. 5542:. Put.ac.ir. Archived from 5516:. Cua.ac.ir. Archived from 5317:September 11, 2007, at the 4886:Australian Associated Press 4735:Australian Associated Press 4227:. OnWar.com. Archived from 3910: 3796:Arab advocacy organisations 3655:, which was perpetrated by 3461:Racism in the United States 3337: 3330:region of eastern Niger to 1844:Medical model of disability 1688:Hate speech laws by country 10: 12156: 12027:Social model of disability 10506:Discrimination against men 9387: 8861:Seattle Post-Intelligencer 8129:Seni, Nora (May 2, 2016). 7936:The Rough Guide to Tunisia 7844:. Da Capo Press. pp. 7840:Taliban: The Unknown Enemy 6171:Ngm.nationalgeographic.com 5901:Garden of the brave in war 5898:Terence O'Donnell (1980). 5725:. Routledge. p. 133. 4937:"Chris Murphy's complaint" 4252:Edinburgh University Press 4225:Armed Conflict Events Data 3766:, a magazine published by 3670: 3458: 3440: 3361: 3127:would be part of a future 2988: 2828:Razi Petrochemical Complex 2674: 2560: 2466: 2365: 2338:, extreme-nationalist and 2165: 1953:Social model of disability 388:Discrimination against men 29: 12084: 11823: 11700: 11493: 11380:Opposition to immigration 11104: 10751: 10598: 10348: 10298:Race / Ethnicity 10235: 10204: 10126: 10003: 9836: 9604: 9506: 9395: 9133:Elaasar, Aladdin (2004). 8926:. Adc.org. Archived from 8625:. BBC. November 6, 2005. 6501:10.1080/13530190701427933 6451:Columbia University Press 6273:Journal of Peace Research 5719:Rahimieh, Nasrin (2015). 5383:"Iran-Iraq War 1980–1988" 5125:Dwyer, Katherine (1997). 5077:Laroui, Abdallah (1977). 4649:The Sydney Morning Herald 4388:Government and Opposition 3932:Racism in the Middle East 3865:American Jewish Committee 3606:Federal Bureau of Prisons 3397:Syrian refugees in Turkey 3357: 2984: 2868:Index of Economic Freedom 2739:Muslim conquest of Persia 2726:Muslim conquest of Persia 2556: 1284:Opposition to immigration 172:Race / Ethnicity 11375:Occupational segregation 11144:Compulsory sterilization 8421:Burns, Jennifer (2009). 7392:, Haaretz, March 9, 2015 4542:10.1525/pol.1993.16.2.39 4310:Rosen, Lawrence (1984). 4242:Suleiman, Yasir (2003). 3927:Racism in the Arab world 3898:Durban Review Conference 3869:American Jewish Congress 3625:European Jewish Congress 3577:(JDL), described by the 3307: 3007:As a consequence of the 2967:Greater and Lesser Tunbs 1279:Occupational segregation 1048:Compulsory sterilization 30:Not to be confused with 11903:Internalized oppression 11765:Fighting Discrimination 11755:Fat acceptance movement 11713:Anti-discrimination law 11353:Native American mascots 10066:Psychometrics of racism 9516:Anti-miscegenation laws 9246:10.1111/1467-9256.00068 8499:Arab American Institute 7454:. BBC. October 25, 2006 7406:. BBC. October 26, 2006 6569:AYELET WALDMAN (2014). 6155:. Cairo. March 9, 2010. 6013:. Praeger. p. 71. 5980:Farhang Rajaee (1997). 5568:. BBC. December 5, 2005 5389:. Iran Chamber Society. 5323:The University of Texas 5110:McMaster, Neil (1997). 5102:Mauco, Georges (1932). 4757:"A Winger and a Prayer" 3902:UN Human Rights Council 3836:Arab American Institute 3832:Arab American Institute 3661:World Trade Center site 3653:2009 Fort Hood shooting 3598:Culver City, California 3522:Arab American Institute 3516:, and the explosion of 2991:Arab citizens of Israel 2904:) and "زیرصحرایی" (lit 2864:The Heritage Foundation 2806:Amnesty International, 2745:") came to despise the 2670: 2247:Historical anti-Arabism 2118:from 1929 to 1934, the 1829:Internalized oppression 1683:Fighting Discrimination 1673:Fat acceptance movement 1631:Anti-discrimination law 1257:Native American mascots 12022:Social identity threat 11995:Reverse discrimination 11985:Racial color blindness 11465:Violence against women 11445:Sex-selective abortion 10031:Ethnic plastic surgery 9526:Biological determinism 9036:. CAIR. Archived from 9010:. CAIR. Archived from 8674:July 15, 2007, at the 8235:Middle Eastern Studies 8088:Middle Eastern Studies 6874:Anti-Defamation League 5514:"welcome to cua.ac.ir" 5079:History of the Maghreb 4860:on November 27, 2012. 4595:The New Zealand Herald 4482: 3886:Greater London Council 3856:Anti-Defamation League 3845: 3583:terrorist organization 3384:against the Ottomans. 3364:Anti-Arabism in Turkey 3346:for consumption as an 3165: 3137:2006 Israeli elections 3133:2009 Israeli elections 3131:, won 15 seats in the 3070:Cave of the Patriarchs 3004: 2809: 2681:Anti-Iranian sentiment 2464: 2342:movements in Iran and 2260: 1948:Social identity threat 1921:Reverse discrimination 1911:Racial color blindness 1369:Violence against women 1349:Sex-selective abortion 11990:Religious intolerance 11950:Political correctness 11780:Intersex human rights 11728:Cultural assimilation 11410:Religious persecution 11174:Disability hate crime 9951:In Jewish communities 9929:Hispanic & Latino 9351:May 12, 2008, at the 8681:The New York Observer 7984:on September 25, 2019 7774:Suri (May 18, 2015). 7237:. Al Jazeera English. 7222:. September 20, 2013. 6069:En.alalamalislami.com 5648:on September 29, 2007 5454:on September 1, 2007. 5448:Henry Jackson Society 5426:"Ahmanidejad's Jihad" 5288:Amnesty International 4942:Sydney Morning Herald 4914:Sydney Morning Herald 4881:Sydney Morning Herald 4832:Sydney Morning Herald 4800:Sydney Morning Herald 4705:Sydney Morning Herald 4677:Sydney Morning Herald 4602:on September 29, 2007 4477: 4231:on February 15, 2001. 4194:"A Homemade Genocide" 3840: 3807:United States Senator 3621:World Jewish Congress 3575:Jewish Defense League 3573:, two leaders of the 3514:Oklahoma City bombing 3449:Hastings, East Sussex 3389:Syrian refugee crisis 3163: 3009:Arab–Israeli conflict 3002: 2840:UN Special Rapporteur 2794: 2704:Politics of Khuzestan 2690:Amnesty International 2527:Sydney Morning Herald 2519:malicious prosecution 2488:A 2004 report by the 2459: 2254: 2166:Further information: 1916:Religious intolerance 1876:Political correctness 1698:Intersex human rights 1646:Cultural assimilation 1314:Religious persecution 1078:Disability hate crime 11395:Political repression 10401:Anti-left handedness 10391:Anti-intellectualism 10041:Herrenvolk democracy 8530:on February 7, 2006. 8194:. November 25, 2015. 8147:10.3917/her.160.0319 7566:Huffingtonpost.co.uk 7432:on November 10, 2008 7196:(October 23, 2012). 7178:. January 12, 2012. 6938:on October 26, 2005. 6913:on November 9, 2004. 6766:on October 16, 2015. 6705:on December 16, 2001 5632:Agence France-Presse 5598:on January 16, 2007. 5592:The New Humanitarian 5546:on December 14, 2006 5424:(January 19, 2006). 5352:on November 1, 2009. 5175:on November 26, 2009 4032:Ori Stendel (1996). 3779:Rocky and Bullwinkle 3534:September 11 attacks 3056:and follower of the 2498:September 11 attacks 1299:Political repression 283:Anti-left handedness 273:Anti-intellectualism 11898:Historical eugenics 11435:Segregation academy 11415:Religious terrorism 11204:Enemy of the people 11112:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 10638:Jehovah's Witnesses 10531:Perpetual foreigner 10061:Perpetual foreigner 9278:on February 9, 2008 9221:on October 9, 2007. 9114:on October 23, 2008 8988:on October 24, 2008 8764:(August 11, 2000). 8222:. November 8, 2019. 7878:on January 11, 2016 7740:on January 11, 2016 7672:. November 22, 2014 7592:. November 20, 2014 7526:on January 11, 2016 7501:on January 11, 2016 7220:The Washington Post 7156:. December 7, 2010. 6958:. December 10, 2007 6880:on October 28, 2008 6858:on August 29, 2007. 6602:on October 29, 2007 6549:The Times of Israel 6207:on February 6, 2016 6075:on January 11, 2016 6045:on January 11, 2016 5853:on October 11, 2016 5494:on October 11, 2004 5290:. February 16, 2006 5232:on January 18, 2008 5028:Inter Press Service 4888:. November 12, 2005 4803:. November 27, 2007 4771:on October 19, 2016 4737:. November 12, 2005 4200:on February 3, 2009 4035:The Arabs in Israel 3917:Anti-Palestinianism 3826:Founded in 1985 by 3708:Rules of Engagement 3275:Mohammed Abu Khdeir 3227:Yitzhak Aharonovich 3086:October 2000 events 2896:), "بی‌تمدن" (lit. 2613:illegal immigration 2494:racial vilification 2469:Racism in Australia 2437:French Colonization 2430:down with the Arabs 2361:Modern anti-Arabism 2309:Zanzibar Revolution 2283:Spanish Inquisition 2124:2005 Cronulla riots 2101:Anti-Arab sentiment 1824:Historical eugenics 1339:Segregation academy 1319:Religious terrorism 1108:Enemy of the people 1016:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 528:Jehovah's Witnesses 413:Perpetual foreigner 18:Anti-Arab sentiment 11810:Social integration 11805:Self-determination 11795:Racial integration 11743:Diversity training 11733:Cultural pluralism 11708:Affirmative action 11608:Racial segregation 11518:Crime of apartheid 11420:Religious violence 10930:Indigenous people 10325:Sexual orientation 10091:Racial integration 10071:Race and sexuality 9876:Japanese Americans 9596:Racial segregation 9586:Racial nationalism 9014:on August 26, 2007 8737:on August 25, 2010 8699:The Jerusalem Post 8548:The New York Times 8378:on August 22, 2007 8346:Huffingtonpost.com 7652:. February 9, 2015 7546:The New York Times 7368:(March 24, 2015). 7301:The New York Times 7273:The New York Times 7138:. August 17, 2014. 7049:on March 22, 2009. 6931:The Jerusalem Post 6809:The New York Times 6640:The New York Times 6529:The New York Times 6384:on March 26, 2015. 6232:The Jerusalem Post 5932:The New York Times 5620:on March 22, 2006. 5540:"دانشگاه صنعت نفت" 5520:on January 9, 2008 5476:on March 18, 2008. 5371:on March 21, 2006. 3904:, April 21, 2009, 3685:, a critic on the 3617:Stephen E. Herbits 3592:'s office and the 3297:Benjamin Netanyahu 3197:demographic threat 3186:The Jerusalem Post 3166: 3153:, a member of the 3032:1948 Palestine war 3005: 2857:, and neighboring 2832:hydroelectric dams 2796:Furthermore, land 2465: 2415:L'Académie Berbère 2261: 2162:Definition of Arab 2114:Historically, the 1728:Social integration 1723:Self-determination 1713:Racial integration 1661:Diversity training 1651:Cultural pluralism 1626:Affirmative action 1518:Racial segregation 1428:Crime of apartheid 1324:Religious violence 826:Indigenous people 199:Sexual orientation 12130:Politics and race 12112: 12111: 11980:Racism by country 11908:Intersectionality 11893:Heteronormativity 11692:Voter suppression 11440:Sexual harassment 11239:Forced conversion 11159:Cultural genocide 10829:African Americans 10648:post–Cold War era 10633:Eastern Orthodoxy 10386:Anti-drug addicts 10381:Anti-homelessness 10308:Scientific racism 10164: 10163: 9912:African Americans 9859:Chinese Americans 9556:Ethnic stereotype 9203:on July 14, 2007. 9088:on March 18, 2008 8930:on March 27, 2009 8912:on July 19, 2013. 8891:978-0-7864-0395-0 8581:on April 15, 2008 8551:. New York City. 8508:on March 7, 2008. 8440:978-0-19-532487-7 8407:978-0-451-21665-6 8326:978-0-7914-1225-1 8247:10.1080/714004395 7946:978-1-4053-8455-1 7855:978-0-306-82034-2 7828:978-0-292-78870-1 7787:978-1-4828-3844-2 7777:Back to the Front 7766:978-0-307-46100-1 7697:on March 27, 2019 6984:on March 24, 2009 6872:(Press release). 6812:. March 23, 2012. 6792:. April 21, 2015. 6739:on April 5, 2005. 6633:(March 3, 1994). 6398:Los Angeles Times 6113:978-0-299-12434-2 6020:978-0-03-062906-8 5993:978-0-8130-1476-0 5966:978-0-7432-1779-8 5911:978-0-89919-016-7 5795:978-0-385-52842-9 5732:978-1-317-42935-7 5145:on April 27, 2004 5034:on April 17, 2009 4977:on August 1, 2013 4471:Translation from 4173:on March 18, 2008 4167:Empire's Children 3900:organized by the 3539:According to the 3302:Avigdor Lieberman 3129:Palestinian State 2886:Locust-eater Arab 2656:'s controversial 2621:Jean-Marie Le Pen 2265:Iberian Peninsula 2122:in 1964, and the 2120:Zanzibar genocide 2090: 2089: 2043: 2042: 1906:Racism by country 1834:Intersectionality 1819:Heteronormativity 1602:Voter suppression 1344:Sexual harassment 1143:Forced conversion 1063:Cultural genocide 725:African Americans 538:post–Cold War era 523:Eastern Orthodoxy 268:Anti-drug addicts 263:Anti-homelessness 182:Scientific racism 16:(Redirected from 12147: 12102: 12101: 12092: 12091: 12032:Social privilege 12017:Social exclusion 11945:Police brutality 11866:Multiculturalism 11836:Amatonormativity 11667:Social exclusion 11503:Age of candidacy 11303:Homeless dumping 11209:Ethnic cleansing 10191: 10184: 10177: 10168: 10167: 10154: 10153: 10144: 10143: 10134: 10133: 9988:Racial supremacy 9946:Jewish Americans 9924:Native Americans 9893:Zainichi Koreans 9881:Japanese Koreans 9864:Zainichi Chinese 9837:Racism by target 9614:Global apartheid 9606:Racism by region 9591:Racial profiling 9581:Racial hierarchy 9382: 9375: 9368: 9359: 9358: 9324: 9323: 9321: 9319: 9314:on June 11, 2011 9313: 9307:. Archived from 9302: 9294: 9288: 9287: 9285: 9283: 9274:. Archived from 9264: 9258: 9257: 9229: 9223: 9222: 9211: 9205: 9204: 9199:. Archived from 9188: 9179: 9178: 9176: 9174: 9159: 9153: 9152: 9130: 9124: 9123: 9121: 9119: 9104: 9098: 9097: 9095: 9093: 9084:. Archived from 9073: 9067: 9058:Philippa Strum, 9056: 9050: 9049: 9047: 9045: 9040:on July 11, 2006 9030: 9024: 9023: 9021: 9019: 9004: 8998: 8997: 8995: 8993: 8987: 8980: 8972: 8966: 8965: 8963: 8961: 8946: 8940: 8939: 8937: 8935: 8920: 8914: 8913: 8908:. Archived from 8902: 8896: 8895: 8875: 8866: 8865: 8851: 8845: 8844: 8825:Shaheen, Jack G. 8821: 8815: 8814: 8791:The Muslim World 8787:Shaheen, Jack G. 8783: 8774: 8773: 8758: 8747: 8746: 8744: 8742: 8733:. Archived from 8720: 8714: 8708: 8702: 8690: 8684: 8665: 8659: 8658: 8645: 8639: 8638: 8636: 8634: 8619: 8613: 8612: 8610: 8608: 8597: 8591: 8590: 8588: 8586: 8571: 8565: 8564: 8562: 8560: 8538: 8532: 8531: 8526:. Archived from 8524:cfrterrorism.org 8516: 8510: 8509: 8507: 8501:. Archived from 8496: 8488: 8475: 8474: 8465:(9): 1775–1799. 8454: 8445: 8444: 8428: 8418: 8412: 8411: 8394: 8388: 8387: 8385: 8383: 8368: 8362: 8361: 8359: 8357: 8337: 8331: 8330: 8300: 8294: 8293: 8291: 8289: 8273: 8267: 8266: 8230: 8224: 8223: 8216: 8210: 8209: 8202: 8196: 8195: 8184: 8178: 8177: 8157: 8151: 8150: 8126: 8120: 8119: 8083: 8077: 8076: 8074: 8072: 8067:. March 18, 2019 8057: 8051: 8050: 8048: 8046: 8031: 8025: 8024: 8022: 8020: 8005: 7994: 7993: 7991: 7989: 7980:. Archived from 7969: 7963: 7960: 7950: 7929: 7919: 7911: 7909: 7907: 7887: 7885: 7883: 7874:. Archived from 7862: 7843: 7832: 7811: 7801: 7791: 7770: 7749: 7747: 7745: 7736:. Archived from 7725: 7723: 7721: 7706: 7704: 7702: 7693:. Archived from 7681: 7679: 7677: 7661: 7659: 7657: 7641: 7639: 7637: 7621: 7619: 7617: 7612:. April 23, 2014 7601: 7599: 7597: 7581: 7579: 7577: 7572:on March 4, 2016 7557: 7555: 7553: 7535: 7533: 7531: 7522:. Archived from 7510: 7508: 7506: 7484: 7478: 7477: 7470: 7464: 7463: 7461: 7459: 7448: 7442: 7441: 7439: 7437: 7422: 7416: 7415: 7413: 7411: 7400: 7394: 7393: 7384: 7378: 7377: 7362: 7356: 7355: 7341: 7335: 7334: 7320: 7314: 7313: 7311: 7309: 7304:. March 23, 2015 7292: 7286: 7285: 7283: 7281: 7276:. March 17, 2015 7264: 7258: 7257: 7245: 7239: 7238: 7230: 7224: 7223: 7212: 7206: 7205: 7190: 7184: 7183: 7171: 7164: 7158: 7157: 7146: 7140: 7139: 7128: 7122: 7121: 7109: 7103: 7102: 7088: 7082: 7081: 7079: 7077: 7057: 7051: 7050: 7033: 7027: 7026: 7024: 7022: 7000: 6994: 6993: 6991: 6989: 6974: 6968: 6967: 6965: 6963: 6946: 6940: 6939: 6934:. Archived from 6921: 6915: 6914: 6909:. Archived from 6899:Ettinger, Yair. 6896: 6890: 6889: 6887: 6885: 6866: 6860: 6859: 6854:. Archived from 6844: 6838: 6837: 6823: 6814: 6813: 6800: 6794: 6793: 6786: 6780: 6774: 6768: 6767: 6750: 6741: 6740: 6733:Associated Press 6721: 6715: 6714: 6712: 6710: 6689: 6683: 6682: 6680: 6678: 6673:. March 21, 2000 6663: 6657: 6656: 6650: 6648: 6627: 6621: 6620: 6609: 6607: 6598:. Archived from 6585: 6579: 6578: 6566: 6560: 6559: 6557: 6555: 6540: 6534: 6533: 6519: 6513: 6512: 6484: 6478: 6475: 6469: 6468: 6448: 6438: 6432: 6431: 6429: 6427: 6409: 6403: 6402: 6392: 6386: 6385: 6380:. Archived from 6378:The Unjust Media 6369: 6363: 6362: 6360: 6358: 6343: 6337: 6336: 6335:on July 5, 2006. 6319: 6313: 6312: 6268: 6262: 6261: 6250:Cook, Jonathan. 6247: 6241: 6240: 6239:on July 8, 2012. 6223: 6217: 6216: 6214: 6212: 6193: 6187: 6186: 6184: 6182: 6177:on July 21, 2008 6163: 6157: 6156: 6145: 6139: 6138: 6127: 6121: 6120: 6101: 6091: 6085: 6084: 6082: 6080: 6071:. Archived from 6061: 6055: 6054: 6052: 6050: 6041:. Archived from 6031: 6025: 6024: 6004: 5998: 5997: 5977: 5971: 5970: 5950: 5944: 5943: 5941: 5939: 5922: 5916: 5915: 5895: 5889: 5888: 5886: 5884: 5872: 5863: 5862: 5860: 5858: 5852: 5846:. Archived from 5821: 5809: 5800: 5799: 5779: 5773: 5772: 5770: 5768: 5753: 5744: 5743: 5741: 5739: 5716: 5710: 5709: 5707: 5705: 5690: 5684: 5683: 5681: 5679: 5664: 5658: 5657: 5655: 5653: 5644:. Archived from 5634:(June 4, 2005). 5628: 5622: 5621: 5610:"Economic Focus" 5606: 5600: 5599: 5584: 5578: 5577: 5575: 5573: 5562: 5556: 5555: 5553: 5551: 5536: 5530: 5529: 5527: 5525: 5510: 5504: 5503: 5501: 5499: 5484: 5478: 5477: 5472:. Archived from 5466:"ISNA - PicView" 5462: 5456: 5455: 5450:. Archived from 5440: 5434: 5433: 5432:on May 24, 2006. 5418: 5412: 5411: 5405: 5397: 5391: 5390: 5379: 5373: 5372: 5360: 5354: 5353: 5348:. Archived from 5332: 5326: 5306: 5300: 5299: 5297: 5295: 5285: 5277: 5268: 5267: 5265: 5263: 5248: 5242: 5241: 5239: 5237: 5228:. Archived from 5217: 5211: 5210: 5208: 5206: 5191: 5185: 5184: 5182: 5180: 5164: 5155: 5154: 5152: 5150: 5141:. Archived from 5122: 5116: 5115: 5107: 5099: 5093: 5092: 5074: 5068: 5067: 5049: 5043: 5042: 5041: 5039: 5030:, archived from 5019: 5013: 5012: 5010: 5008: 4993: 4987: 4986: 4984: 4982: 4973:. Archived from 4960: 4954: 4953: 4951: 4949: 4932: 4926: 4925: 4923: 4921: 4904: 4898: 4897: 4895: 4893: 4872: 4866: 4865: 4850: 4844: 4843: 4841: 4839: 4822: 4813: 4812: 4810: 4808: 4794: 4787: 4781: 4780: 4778: 4776: 4765:Australian Story 4753: 4747: 4746: 4744: 4742: 4723: 4717: 4716: 4714: 4712: 4695: 4689: 4688: 4686: 4684: 4667: 4661: 4660: 4658: 4656: 4639: 4633: 4632: 4618: 4612: 4611: 4609: 4607: 4598:. Archived from 4585: 4579: 4578: 4562: 4552: 4546: 4545: 4525: 4519: 4518: 4502: 4492: 4483: 4469: 4451: 4445: 4444: 4428: 4418: 4412: 4411: 4383: 4377: 4376: 4374: 4372: 4357: 4351: 4350: 4332: 4326: 4325: 4307: 4301: 4298: 4292: 4285: 4279: 4276: 4270: 4269: 4249: 4239: 4233: 4232: 4216: 4210: 4209: 4207: 4205: 4189: 4183: 4182: 4180: 4178: 4159: 4153: 4152: 4150: 4148: 4143:on July 12, 2000 4132: 4126: 4125: 4108:(5): 1077–1091. 4097: 4091: 4090: 4088: 4086: 4063: 4057: 4056: 4054: 4052: 4029: 4023: 4020: 4008: 3996: 3990: 3989: 3987: 3985: 3965: 3884:In Britain, the 3818:US Congresswoman 3773:Woody Woodpecker 3718:The Boston Globe 3683:Godfrey Cheshire 3594:King Fahd Mosque 3526:American Muslims 3504:During the 1991 3496:, following the 3479:Russian-American 3374:Emirate of Hejaz 3121:Yisrael Beiteinu 3110:Beitar Jerusalem 3062:Baruch Goldstein 2995:Racism in Israel 2957: 2956: 2951: 2950: 2900:), "وحشی" (lit. 2824:ethnic cleansing 2807: 2563:Racism in France 2400:Algerian Berbers 2348:Arab nationalism 2334:movement in the 2093:Anti-Arab racism 2085: 2082: 2076: 2053: 2045: 2035: 2028: 2021: 1958:Social privilege 1943:Social exclusion 1871:Police brutality 1792:Multiculturalism 1762:Amatonormativity 1577:Social exclusion 1413:Age of candidacy 1207:Homeless dumping 1113:Ethnic cleansing 62: 39: 38: 21: 12155: 12154: 12150: 12149: 12148: 12146: 12145: 12144: 12115: 12114: 12113: 12108: 12080: 11955:Polyculturalism 11851:Civil liberties 11819: 11800:Reappropriation 11701:Countermeasures 11696: 11625:Racial steering 11591:Numerus clausus 11495: 11489: 11214:Ethnic conflict 11149:Corrective rape 11100: 10747: 10594: 10486:HIV/AIDS stigma 10344: 10293:Mental disorder 10231: 10200: 10195: 10165: 10160: 10122: 10101:Racism in sport 9999: 9993:White supremacy 9832: 9600: 9536:Ethnic conflict 9508: 9502: 9396:Types of racism 9391: 9386: 9353:Wayback Machine 9332: 9327: 9317: 9315: 9311: 9300: 9296: 9295: 9291: 9281: 9279: 9266: 9265: 9261: 9230: 9226: 9213: 9212: 9208: 9189: 9182: 9172: 9170: 9169:on May 12, 2008 9161: 9160: 9156: 9149: 9131: 9127: 9117: 9115: 9106: 9105: 9101: 9091: 9089: 9074: 9070: 9057: 9053: 9043: 9041: 9032: 9031: 9027: 9017: 9015: 9006: 9005: 9001: 8991: 8989: 8985: 8978: 8974: 8973: 8969: 8959: 8957: 8948: 8947: 8943: 8933: 8931: 8922: 8921: 8917: 8904: 8903: 8899: 8892: 8876: 8869: 8852: 8848: 8841: 8822: 8818: 8784: 8777: 8762:Whitaker, Brian 8759: 8750: 8740: 8738: 8721: 8717: 8713:, May 11, 2004. 8709: 8705: 8691: 8687: 8676:Wayback Machine 8666: 8662: 8647: 8646: 8642: 8632: 8630: 8621: 8620: 8616: 8606: 8604: 8603:. Tolerance.org 8599: 8598: 8594: 8584: 8582: 8573: 8572: 8568: 8558: 8556: 8539: 8535: 8518: 8517: 8513: 8505: 8494: 8490: 8489: 8478: 8455: 8448: 8441: 8419: 8415: 8408: 8396: 8395: 8391: 8381: 8379: 8370: 8369: 8365: 8355: 8353: 8338: 8334: 8327: 8301: 8297: 8287: 8285: 8274: 8270: 8231: 8227: 8218: 8217: 8213: 8204: 8203: 8199: 8186: 8185: 8181: 8174: 8158: 8154: 8127: 8123: 8084: 8080: 8070: 8068: 8059: 8058: 8054: 8044: 8042: 8032: 8028: 8018: 8016: 8015:. July 16, 2019 8007: 8006: 7997: 7987: 7985: 7970: 7966: 7956:The Middle East 7953: 7947: 7913: 7912: 7905: 7903: 7894:"Archived copy" 7892: 7881: 7879: 7856: 7829: 7804: 7794: 7788: 7767: 7743: 7741: 7728: 7719: 7717: 7709: 7700: 7698: 7691:The Independent 7675: 7673: 7664: 7655: 7653: 7644: 7635: 7633: 7615: 7613: 7604: 7595: 7593: 7584: 7575: 7573: 7560: 7551: 7549: 7529: 7527: 7504: 7502: 7489: 7485: 7481: 7472: 7471: 7467: 7457: 7455: 7450: 7449: 7445: 7435: 7433: 7424: 7423: 7419: 7409: 7407: 7402: 7401: 7397: 7386: 7385: 7381: 7363: 7359: 7342: 7338: 7321: 7317: 7307: 7305: 7294: 7293: 7289: 7279: 7277: 7266: 7265: 7261: 7246: 7242: 7231: 7227: 7214: 7213: 7209: 7191: 7187: 7166: 7165: 7161: 7148: 7147: 7143: 7130: 7129: 7125: 7110: 7106: 7089: 7085: 7075: 7073: 7058: 7054: 7035: 7034: 7030: 7020: 7018: 7010:The Independent 7001: 6997: 6987: 6985: 6976: 6975: 6971: 6961: 6959: 6948: 6947: 6943: 6922: 6918: 6897: 6893: 6883: 6881: 6868: 6867: 6863: 6846: 6845: 6841: 6824: 6817: 6802: 6801: 6797: 6788: 6787: 6783: 6775: 6771: 6752: 6751: 6744: 6723: 6722: 6718: 6708: 6706: 6691: 6690: 6686: 6676: 6674: 6665: 6664: 6660: 6646: 6644: 6631:Haberman, Clyde 6628: 6624: 6605: 6603: 6586: 6582: 6567: 6563: 6553: 6551: 6541: 6537: 6520: 6516: 6485: 6481: 6476: 6472: 6465: 6439: 6435: 6425: 6423: 6410: 6406: 6393: 6389: 6372:Israel Shahak. 6370: 6366: 6356: 6354: 6344: 6340: 6321: 6320: 6316: 6269: 6265: 6248: 6244: 6225: 6224: 6220: 6210: 6208: 6195: 6194: 6190: 6180: 6178: 6165: 6164: 6160: 6147: 6146: 6142: 6129: 6128: 6124: 6114: 6092: 6088: 6078: 6076: 6063: 6062: 6058: 6048: 6046: 6033: 6032: 6028: 6021: 6005: 6001: 5994: 5978: 5974: 5967: 5951: 5947: 5937: 5935: 5923: 5919: 5912: 5896: 5892: 5882: 5880: 5873: 5866: 5856: 5854: 5850: 5824:Iranian Studies 5819: 5813:Daryaee, Touraj 5810: 5803: 5796: 5780: 5776: 5766: 5764: 5755: 5754: 5747: 5737: 5735: 5733: 5717: 5713: 5703: 5701: 5700:on June 4, 2009 5692: 5691: 5687: 5677: 5675: 5674:on June 9, 2009 5666: 5665: 5661: 5651: 5649: 5629: 5625: 5608: 5607: 5603: 5586: 5585: 5581: 5571: 5569: 5564: 5563: 5559: 5549: 5547: 5538: 5537: 5533: 5523: 5521: 5512: 5511: 5507: 5497: 5495: 5486: 5485: 5481: 5464: 5463: 5459: 5441: 5437: 5419: 5415: 5398: 5394: 5387:History of Iran 5381: 5380: 5376: 5363:Bradley, John. 5361: 5357: 5333: 5329: 5325:at Austin, 2004 5319:Wayback Machine 5307: 5303: 5293: 5291: 5283: 5279: 5278: 5271: 5261: 5259: 5258:. June 30, 2009 5250: 5249: 5245: 5235: 5233: 5218: 5214: 5204: 5202: 5193: 5192: 5188: 5178: 5176: 5165: 5158: 5148: 5146: 5123: 5119: 5100: 5096: 5089: 5075: 5071: 5064: 5050: 5046: 5037: 5035: 5020: 5016: 5006: 5004: 4995: 4994: 4990: 4980: 4978: 4961: 4957: 4947: 4945: 4933: 4929: 4919: 4917: 4905: 4901: 4891: 4889: 4874: 4873: 4869: 4852: 4851: 4847: 4837: 4835: 4823: 4816: 4806: 4804: 4792: 4789: 4788: 4784: 4774: 4772: 4755: 4754: 4750: 4740: 4738: 4725: 4724: 4720: 4710: 4708: 4696: 4692: 4682: 4680: 4668: 4664: 4654: 4652: 4640: 4636: 4619: 4615: 4605: 4603: 4586: 4582: 4575: 4553: 4549: 4526: 4522: 4515: 4493: 4486: 4466: 4452: 4448: 4441: 4419: 4415: 4384: 4380: 4370: 4368: 4359: 4358: 4354: 4347: 4333: 4329: 4322: 4308: 4304: 4299: 4295: 4289:Lucien Oulahbib 4286: 4282: 4277: 4273: 4266: 4240: 4236: 4217: 4213: 4203: 4201: 4190: 4186: 4176: 4174: 4161: 4160: 4156: 4146: 4144: 4133: 4129: 4098: 4094: 4084: 4082: 4080: 4064: 4060: 4050: 4048: 4046: 4030: 4026: 4011: 3997: 3993: 3983: 3981: 3966: 3962: 3958: 3913: 3894: 3882: 3821:Mary Rose Oakar 3803: 3798: 3675: 3669: 3490:Ford Hall Forum 3463: 3457: 3445: 3439: 3387:Because of the 3366: 3360: 3340: 3310: 3182:Eden Natan-Zada 2997: 2987: 2955:از بیخ عرب بودن 2914:Fire-worshipers 2910:Arab Worshipper 2808: 2805: 2735:Sassanid Empire 2718:in 7th century 2683: 2673: 2660:, presented as 2658:"Hijab ban" law 2594:Abdallah Laroui 2565: 2559: 2551: 2539:New South Wales 2515:New South Wales 2471: 2454: 2441:divide and rule 2368: 2363: 2275:fall of Granada 2249: 2193:Arab Christians 2174: 2164: 2116:Libyan genocide 2086: 2080: 2077: 2070: 2058:This article's 2054: 2039: 2010: 2009: 2008: 2007: 2006: 1881:Polyculturalism 1777:Civil liberties 1749: 1741: 1740: 1739: 1738: 1737: 1718:Reappropriation 1618: 1617:Countermeasures 1610: 1609: 1608: 1607: 1606: 1535:Racial steering 1501:Numerus clausus 1405: 1397: 1396: 1395: 1394: 1393: 1118:Ethnic conflict 1053:Corrective rape 1008: 1000: 999: 998: 997: 996: 652: 641: 640: 639: 638: 637: 490: 480: 479: 478: 477: 476: 368:HIV/AIDS stigma 230: 222: 221: 220: 219: 218: 167:Mental disorder 109: 101: 100: 99: 98: 97: 70: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 12153: 12143: 12142: 12137: 12132: 12127: 12110: 12109: 12107: 12106: 12096: 12085: 12082: 12081: 12079: 12078: 12073: 12072: 12071: 12061: 12056: 12051: 12050: 12049: 12044: 12039: 12029: 12024: 12019: 12014: 12009: 12004: 12003: 12002: 12000:Reverse racism 11992: 11987: 11982: 11977: 11972: 11970:Prisoner abuse 11967: 11962: 11960:Power distance 11957: 11952: 11947: 11942: 11937: 11932: 11927: 11926: 11925: 11915: 11910: 11905: 11900: 11895: 11890: 11885: 11880: 11878:Ethnic penalty 11875: 11874: 11873: 11871:Neurodiversity 11868: 11858: 11856:Dehumanization 11853: 11848: 11846:Cisnormativity 11843: 11838: 11833: 11827: 11825: 11824:Related topics 11821: 11820: 11818: 11817: 11812: 11807: 11802: 11797: 11792: 11787: 11782: 11777: 11772: 11767: 11762: 11757: 11752: 11747: 11746: 11745: 11735: 11730: 11725: 11720: 11715: 11710: 11704: 11702: 11698: 11697: 11695: 11694: 11689: 11684: 11682:State religion 11679: 11674: 11669: 11664: 11663: 11662: 11657: 11652: 11647: 11637: 11632: 11627: 11622: 11621: 11620: 11618:Nuremberg Laws 11615: 11605: 11600: 11595: 11587: 11582: 11577: 11572: 11567: 11562: 11560:Ghetto benches 11557: 11555:Gerrymandering 11552: 11547: 11542: 11540:Gender pay gap 11537: 11536: 11535: 11530: 11520: 11515: 11510: 11505: 11499: 11497: 11494:Discriminatory 11491: 11490: 11488: 11487: 11482: 11477: 11472: 11467: 11462: 11457: 11452: 11447: 11442: 11437: 11432: 11427: 11422: 11417: 11412: 11407: 11402: 11397: 11392: 11387: 11382: 11377: 11372: 11371: 11370: 11365: 11360: 11350: 11345: 11340: 11335: 11330: 11325: 11323:Lavender scare 11320: 11318:Kill Haole Day 11315: 11313:Indian rolling 11310: 11305: 11300: 11295: 11290: 11289: 11288: 11278: 11273: 11272: 11271: 11261: 11256: 11251: 11246: 11241: 11236: 11231: 11226: 11221: 11216: 11211: 11206: 11201: 11199:Eliminationism 11196: 11191: 11186: 11181: 11176: 11171: 11166: 11161: 11156: 11151: 11146: 11141: 11136: 11134:Cancel culture 11131: 11126: 11121: 11120: 11119: 11108: 11106: 11105:Manifestations 11102: 11101: 11099: 11098: 11093: 11088: 11083: 11078: 11073: 11068: 11063: 11058: 11053: 11048: 11043: 11038: 11033: 11028: 11023: 11018: 11013: 11008: 11003: 11001:Middle Eastern 10998: 10993: 10988: 10983: 10978: 10973: 10968: 10963: 10958: 10953: 10948: 10947: 10946: 10941: 10936: 10928: 10923: 10918: 10913: 10908: 10903: 10898: 10893: 10888: 10883: 10878: 10873: 10868: 10863: 10858: 10853: 10848: 10843: 10842: 10841: 10836: 10831: 10821: 10816: 10811: 10810: 10809: 10804: 10799: 10789: 10784: 10779: 10774: 10769: 10764: 10758: 10756: 10749: 10748: 10746: 10745: 10743:Zoroastrianism 10740: 10735: 10730: 10725: 10720: 10719: 10718: 10708: 10707: 10706: 10705: 10704: 10699: 10694: 10689: 10674: 10673: 10672: 10670:Untouchability 10667: 10657: 10652: 10651: 10650: 10645: 10640: 10635: 10630: 10620: 10615: 10610: 10604: 10602: 10596: 10595: 10593: 10592: 10587: 10582: 10581: 10580: 10575: 10570: 10560: 10559: 10558: 10553: 10543: 10538: 10533: 10528: 10523: 10518: 10513: 10508: 10503: 10498: 10496:Leprosy stigma 10493: 10488: 10483: 10478: 10473: 10468: 10463: 10458: 10453: 10448: 10443: 10438: 10433: 10428: 10423: 10418: 10413: 10408: 10403: 10398: 10393: 10388: 10383: 10378: 10373: 10368: 10363: 10358: 10352: 10350: 10346: 10345: 10343: 10342: 10337: 10332: 10327: 10322: 10317: 10312: 10311: 10310: 10305: 10295: 10290: 10285: 10280: 10275: 10270: 10265: 10260: 10255: 10250: 10245: 10239: 10237: 10233: 10232: 10230: 10229: 10224: 10219: 10214: 10208: 10206: 10202: 10201: 10198:Discrimination 10194: 10193: 10186: 10179: 10171: 10162: 10161: 10159: 10158: 10148: 10138: 10127: 10124: 10123: 10121: 10120: 10115: 10113:Reverse racism 10110: 10109: 10108: 10098: 10093: 10088: 10086:Racial figleaf 10083: 10078: 10073: 10068: 10063: 10058: 10053: 10048: 10043: 10038: 10033: 10028: 10023: 10018: 10013: 10007: 10005: 10004:Related topics 10001: 10000: 9998: 9997: 9996: 9995: 9985: 9980: 9975: 9970: 9965: 9963:Middle Eastern 9960: 9955: 9954: 9953: 9948: 9938: 9937: 9936: 9926: 9921: 9920: 9919: 9914: 9904: 9903: 9902: 9897: 9896: 9895: 9885: 9884: 9883: 9878: 9868: 9867: 9866: 9861: 9846: 9840: 9838: 9834: 9833: 9831: 9830: 9829: 9828: 9823: 9818: 9808: 9807: 9806: 9801: 9796: 9786: 9785: 9784: 9779: 9774: 9769: 9759: 9758: 9757: 9755:United Kingdom 9752: 9747: 9742: 9737: 9732: 9727: 9722: 9717: 9712: 9707: 9697: 9692: 9691: 9690: 9685: 9680: 9670: 9669: 9668: 9663: 9658: 9653: 9648: 9643: 9633: 9632: 9631: 9626: 9616: 9610: 9608: 9602: 9601: 9599: 9598: 9593: 9588: 9583: 9578: 9573: 9568: 9563: 9558: 9553: 9548: 9543: 9538: 9533: 9528: 9523: 9518: 9512: 9510: 9507:Manifestations 9504: 9503: 9501: 9500: 9495: 9490: 9485: 9480: 9475: 9470: 9465: 9460: 9455: 9450: 9445: 9440: 9435: 9430: 9425: 9420: 9415: 9410: 9405: 9399: 9397: 9393: 9392: 9385: 9384: 9377: 9370: 9362: 9356: 9355: 9343: 9338: 9331: 9330:External links 9328: 9326: 9325: 9289: 9259: 9240:(2): 111–118. 9224: 9206: 9180: 9154: 9147: 9125: 9099: 9068: 9051: 9025: 8999: 8967: 8941: 8915: 8897: 8890: 8867: 8846: 8839: 8830:Reel Bad Arabs 8816: 8797:(1–2): 22–42. 8775: 8748: 8715: 8703: 8685: 8660: 8640: 8614: 8592: 8566: 8533: 8511: 8476: 8446: 8439: 8413: 8406: 8389: 8363: 8332: 8325: 8295: 8268: 8225: 8211: 8197: 8179: 8172: 8152: 8141:(1): 319–336. 8121: 8094:(5): 633–653. 8078: 8052: 8026: 7995: 7964: 7962: 7961: 7951: 7945: 7930: 7888: 7863: 7854: 7833: 7827: 7812: 7802: 7797:Asian Recorder 7792: 7786: 7771: 7765: 7750: 7726: 7707: 7682: 7662: 7642: 7622: 7610:News.yahoo.com 7602: 7582: 7558: 7536: 7511: 7479: 7465: 7443: 7417: 7395: 7379: 7357: 7336: 7315: 7287: 7259: 7240: 7225: 7207: 7185: 7159: 7141: 7123: 7104: 7083: 7052: 7028: 6995: 6969: 6941: 6916: 6891: 6861: 6839: 6815: 6795: 6781: 6769: 6742: 6716: 6684: 6658: 6622: 6580: 6561: 6535: 6514: 6495:(2): 203–213. 6479: 6470: 6463: 6433: 6404: 6387: 6364: 6338: 6314: 6263: 6242: 6218: 6188: 6158: 6140: 6122: 6112: 6086: 6056: 6026: 6019: 5999: 5992: 5972: 5965: 5945: 5917: 5910: 5890: 5864: 5830:(2): 229–242. 5815:(March 2012). 5801: 5794: 5774: 5745: 5731: 5711: 5685: 5659: 5641:The Daily Star 5623: 5601: 5579: 5557: 5531: 5505: 5479: 5470:branch.isna.ir 5457: 5435: 5413: 5392: 5374: 5355: 5336:Foltz, Richard 5327: 5301: 5269: 5243: 5212: 5201:. May 30, 2005 5186: 5156: 5117: 5094: 5087: 5069: 5062: 5044: 5014: 5003:. June 1, 2012 4988: 4955: 4927: 4899: 4867: 4845: 4814: 4782: 4748: 4718: 4690: 4662: 4634: 4613: 4580: 4573: 4547: 4520: 4513: 4484: 4464: 4446: 4439: 4413: 4394:(2): 223–227. 4378: 4367:. May 21, 2001 4352: 4345: 4327: 4320: 4302: 4293: 4280: 4271: 4264: 4234: 4211: 4184: 4154: 4127: 4092: 4078: 4058: 4045:978-1898723240 4044: 4024: 4022: 4021: 3991: 3959: 3957: 3954: 3953: 3952: 3947: 3943:Reel Bad Arabs 3939: 3934: 3929: 3924: 3919: 3912: 3909: 3893: 3892:United Nations 3890: 3881: 3880:United Kingdom 3878: 3810:James Abourezk 3802: 3799: 3797: 3794: 3744:Meg Greenfield 3730:Reel Bad Arabs 3727:, in his book 3705:The 2000 film 3688:New York Press 3671:Main article: 3668: 3665: 3645:Michael Savage 3518:TWA Flight 800 3510:Arab Americans 3498:Yom Kippur War 3488:, in her 1974 3456: 3453: 3438: 3437:United Kingdom 3435: 3370:Ottoman Empire 3362:Main article: 3359: 3356: 3339: 3336: 3326:living in the 3309: 3306: 3294:Prime Minister 3268:Nazareth Illit 3221:In June 2009, 3141:Lieberman Plan 3098:death to Arabs 3043:United Nations 2986: 2983: 2937:eating lizards 2803: 2758:Saddam Hussein 2714:to convert to 2696:tendencies in 2672: 2669: 2662:secularization 2637:Charles Pasqua 2558: 2555: 2550: 2549:Czech Republic 2547: 2503:Adam Houda, a 2475:Cronulla riots 2461:Cronulla riots 2453: 2450: 2393:Lawrence Rosen 2367: 2364: 2362: 2359: 2336:Ottoman Empire 2324:Yasir Suleiman 2257:San Pedro Sula 2248: 2245: 2163: 2160: 2154:(ADC) and the 2150:, such as the 2088: 2087: 2067:the key points 2057: 2055: 2048: 2041: 2040: 2038: 2037: 2030: 2023: 2015: 2012: 2011: 2005: 2004: 1999: 1998: 1997: 1987: 1982: 1977: 1976: 1975: 1970: 1965: 1955: 1950: 1945: 1940: 1935: 1930: 1929: 1928: 1926:Reverse racism 1918: 1913: 1908: 1903: 1898: 1896:Prisoner abuse 1893: 1888: 1886:Power distance 1883: 1878: 1873: 1868: 1863: 1858: 1853: 1852: 1851: 1841: 1836: 1831: 1826: 1821: 1816: 1811: 1806: 1804:Ethnic penalty 1801: 1800: 1799: 1797:Neurodiversity 1794: 1784: 1782:Dehumanization 1779: 1774: 1772:Cisnormativity 1769: 1764: 1759: 1753: 1752: 1751: 1750: 1748:Related topics 1747: 1746: 1743: 1742: 1736: 1735: 1730: 1725: 1720: 1715: 1710: 1705: 1700: 1695: 1690: 1685: 1680: 1675: 1670: 1665: 1664: 1663: 1653: 1648: 1643: 1638: 1633: 1628: 1622: 1621: 1620: 1619: 1616: 1615: 1612: 1611: 1605: 1604: 1599: 1594: 1592:State religion 1589: 1584: 1579: 1574: 1573: 1572: 1567: 1562: 1557: 1547: 1542: 1537: 1532: 1531: 1530: 1528:Nuremberg Laws 1525: 1515: 1510: 1505: 1497: 1492: 1487: 1482: 1477: 1472: 1470:Ghetto benches 1467: 1465:Gerrymandering 1462: 1457: 1452: 1450:Gender pay gap 1447: 1446: 1445: 1440: 1430: 1425: 1420: 1415: 1409: 1408: 1407: 1406: 1403: 1402: 1399: 1398: 1392: 1391: 1386: 1381: 1376: 1371: 1366: 1361: 1356: 1351: 1346: 1341: 1336: 1331: 1326: 1321: 1316: 1311: 1306: 1301: 1296: 1291: 1286: 1281: 1276: 1275: 1274: 1269: 1264: 1254: 1249: 1244: 1239: 1234: 1229: 1227:Lavender scare 1224: 1222:Kill Haole Day 1219: 1217:Indian rolling 1214: 1209: 1204: 1199: 1194: 1193: 1192: 1182: 1177: 1176: 1175: 1165: 1160: 1155: 1150: 1145: 1140: 1135: 1130: 1125: 1120: 1115: 1110: 1105: 1103:Eliminationism 1100: 1095: 1090: 1085: 1080: 1075: 1070: 1065: 1060: 1055: 1050: 1045: 1040: 1038:Cancel culture 1035: 1030: 1025: 1024: 1023: 1012: 1011: 1010: 1009: 1007:Manifestations 1006: 1005: 1002: 1001: 995: 994: 989: 984: 979: 974: 969: 964: 959: 954: 949: 944: 939: 934: 929: 924: 919: 914: 909: 904: 899: 897:Middle Eastern 894: 889: 884: 879: 874: 869: 864: 859: 854: 849: 844: 843: 842: 837: 832: 824: 819: 814: 809: 804: 799: 794: 789: 784: 779: 774: 769: 764: 759: 754: 749: 744: 739: 738: 737: 732: 727: 717: 712: 707: 706: 705: 700: 695: 685: 680: 677: 672: 667: 662: 656: 655: 654: 653: 647: 646: 643: 642: 636: 635: 633:Zoroastrianism 630: 625: 620: 615: 610: 609: 608: 598: 597: 596: 595: 594: 589: 584: 579: 564: 563: 562: 560:Untouchability 557: 547: 542: 541: 540: 535: 530: 525: 520: 510: 505: 500: 494: 493: 492: 491: 486: 485: 482: 481: 475: 474: 469: 464: 463: 462: 457: 452: 442: 441: 440: 435: 425: 420: 415: 410: 405: 400: 395: 390: 385: 380: 378:Leprosy stigma 375: 370: 365: 360: 355: 350: 345: 340: 335: 330: 325: 320: 315: 310: 305: 300: 295: 290: 285: 280: 275: 270: 265: 260: 255: 250: 245: 240: 234: 233: 232: 231: 228: 227: 224: 223: 217: 216: 211: 206: 201: 196: 191: 186: 185: 184: 179: 169: 164: 159: 154: 149: 144: 139: 134: 129: 124: 119: 113: 112: 111: 110: 107: 106: 103: 102: 96: 95: 90: 85: 80: 74: 73: 72: 71: 68: 67: 64: 63: 55: 54: 52:Discrimination 48: 47: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 12152: 12141: 12138: 12136: 12133: 12131: 12128: 12126: 12123: 12122: 12120: 12105: 12097: 12095: 12087: 12086: 12083: 12077: 12074: 12070: 12067: 12066: 12065: 12062: 12060: 12057: 12055: 12054:Social stigma 12052: 12048: 12045: 12043: 12040: 12038: 12035: 12034: 12033: 12030: 12028: 12025: 12023: 12020: 12018: 12015: 12013: 12010: 12008: 12005: 12001: 11998: 11997: 11996: 11993: 11991: 11988: 11986: 11983: 11981: 11978: 11976: 11973: 11971: 11968: 11966: 11963: 11961: 11958: 11956: 11953: 11951: 11948: 11946: 11943: 11941: 11938: 11936: 11933: 11931: 11928: 11924: 11921: 11920: 11919: 11916: 11914: 11911: 11909: 11906: 11904: 11901: 11899: 11896: 11894: 11891: 11889: 11886: 11884: 11881: 11879: 11876: 11872: 11869: 11867: 11864: 11863: 11862: 11859: 11857: 11854: 11852: 11849: 11847: 11844: 11842: 11839: 11837: 11834: 11832: 11829: 11828: 11826: 11822: 11816: 11813: 11811: 11808: 11806: 11803: 11801: 11798: 11796: 11793: 11791: 11788: 11786: 11783: 11781: 11778: 11776: 11773: 11771: 11768: 11766: 11763: 11761: 11758: 11756: 11753: 11751: 11748: 11744: 11741: 11740: 11739: 11736: 11734: 11731: 11729: 11726: 11724: 11721: 11719: 11716: 11714: 11711: 11709: 11706: 11705: 11703: 11699: 11693: 11690: 11688: 11685: 11683: 11680: 11678: 11677:State atheism 11675: 11673: 11670: 11668: 11665: 11661: 11658: 11656: 11653: 11651: 11648: 11646: 11643: 11642: 11641: 11638: 11636: 11633: 11631: 11628: 11626: 11623: 11619: 11616: 11614: 11613:Jim Crow laws 11611: 11610: 11609: 11606: 11604: 11601: 11599: 11598:One-drop rule 11596: 11594: 11592: 11588: 11586: 11583: 11581: 11578: 11576: 11573: 11571: 11568: 11566: 11563: 11561: 11558: 11556: 11553: 11551: 11548: 11546: 11543: 11541: 11538: 11534: 11531: 11529: 11526: 11525: 11524: 11521: 11519: 11516: 11514: 11513:Blood quantum 11511: 11509: 11506: 11504: 11501: 11500: 11498: 11492: 11486: 11483: 11481: 11478: 11476: 11473: 11471: 11468: 11466: 11463: 11461: 11460:Victimisation 11458: 11456: 11455:Trans bashing 11453: 11451: 11448: 11446: 11443: 11441: 11438: 11436: 11433: 11431: 11428: 11426: 11425:Religious war 11423: 11421: 11418: 11416: 11413: 11411: 11408: 11406: 11405:Racialization 11403: 11401: 11398: 11396: 11393: 11391: 11388: 11386: 11383: 11381: 11378: 11376: 11373: 11369: 11366: 11364: 11361: 11359: 11356: 11355: 11354: 11351: 11349: 11346: 11344: 11341: 11339: 11336: 11334: 11331: 11329: 11326: 11324: 11321: 11319: 11316: 11314: 11311: 11309: 11306: 11304: 11301: 11299: 11296: 11294: 11291: 11287: 11284: 11283: 11282: 11279: 11277: 11276:Glass ceiling 11274: 11270: 11267: 11266: 11265: 11262: 11260: 11257: 11255: 11252: 11250: 11247: 11245: 11242: 11240: 11237: 11235: 11232: 11230: 11227: 11225: 11222: 11220: 11219:Ethnic hatred 11217: 11215: 11212: 11210: 11207: 11205: 11202: 11200: 11197: 11195: 11192: 11190: 11187: 11185: 11182: 11180: 11177: 11175: 11172: 11170: 11167: 11165: 11162: 11160: 11157: 11155: 11154:Counter-jihad 11152: 11150: 11147: 11145: 11142: 11140: 11137: 11135: 11132: 11130: 11127: 11125: 11122: 11118: 11115: 11114: 11113: 11110: 11109: 11107: 11103: 11097: 11094: 11092: 11089: 11087: 11084: 11082: 11079: 11077: 11074: 11072: 11069: 11067: 11064: 11062: 11059: 11057: 11054: 11052: 11049: 11047: 11044: 11042: 11039: 11037: 11034: 11032: 11029: 11027: 11024: 11022: 11019: 11017: 11014: 11012: 11009: 11007: 11004: 11002: 10999: 10997: 10994: 10992: 10989: 10987: 10984: 10982: 10979: 10977: 10974: 10972: 10969: 10967: 10964: 10962: 10959: 10957: 10954: 10952: 10949: 10945: 10944:United States 10942: 10940: 10937: 10935: 10932: 10931: 10929: 10927: 10924: 10922: 10919: 10917: 10914: 10912: 10909: 10907: 10904: 10902: 10899: 10897: 10894: 10892: 10889: 10887: 10884: 10882: 10879: 10877: 10874: 10872: 10869: 10867: 10864: 10862: 10859: 10857: 10854: 10852: 10849: 10847: 10844: 10840: 10837: 10835: 10832: 10830: 10827: 10826: 10825: 10822: 10820: 10817: 10815: 10812: 10808: 10807:United States 10805: 10803: 10800: 10798: 10795: 10794: 10793: 10790: 10788: 10785: 10783: 10780: 10778: 10775: 10773: 10770: 10768: 10765: 10763: 10760: 10759: 10757: 10755: 10750: 10744: 10741: 10739: 10736: 10734: 10731: 10729: 10728:Protestantism 10726: 10724: 10721: 10717: 10714: 10713: 10712: 10709: 10703: 10700: 10698: 10695: 10693: 10690: 10688: 10685: 10684: 10683: 10680: 10679: 10678: 10675: 10671: 10668: 10666: 10663: 10662: 10661: 10658: 10656: 10653: 10649: 10646: 10644: 10643:LDS or Mormon 10641: 10639: 10636: 10634: 10631: 10629: 10626: 10625: 10624: 10621: 10619: 10616: 10614: 10611: 10609: 10606: 10605: 10603: 10601: 10597: 10591: 10588: 10586: 10583: 10579: 10576: 10574: 10573:Transmisogyny 10571: 10569: 10566: 10565: 10564: 10561: 10557: 10554: 10552: 10549: 10548: 10547: 10544: 10542: 10539: 10537: 10534: 10532: 10529: 10527: 10524: 10522: 10519: 10517: 10514: 10512: 10509: 10507: 10504: 10502: 10499: 10497: 10494: 10492: 10489: 10487: 10484: 10482: 10479: 10477: 10476:Gerontophobia 10474: 10472: 10469: 10467: 10464: 10462: 10459: 10457: 10454: 10452: 10449: 10447: 10444: 10442: 10439: 10437: 10434: 10432: 10429: 10427: 10424: 10422: 10419: 10417: 10414: 10412: 10409: 10407: 10404: 10402: 10399: 10397: 10396:Anti-intersex 10394: 10392: 10389: 10387: 10384: 10382: 10379: 10377: 10374: 10372: 10371:Anti-albinism 10369: 10367: 10364: 10362: 10359: 10357: 10354: 10353: 10351: 10347: 10341: 10338: 10336: 10333: 10331: 10328: 10326: 10323: 10321: 10318: 10316: 10313: 10309: 10306: 10304: 10301: 10300: 10299: 10296: 10294: 10291: 10289: 10286: 10284: 10281: 10279: 10276: 10274: 10271: 10269: 10266: 10264: 10261: 10259: 10256: 10254: 10251: 10249: 10246: 10244: 10241: 10240: 10238: 10234: 10228: 10225: 10223: 10220: 10218: 10215: 10213: 10212:Institutional 10210: 10209: 10207: 10203: 10199: 10192: 10187: 10185: 10180: 10178: 10173: 10172: 10169: 10157: 10149: 10147: 10139: 10137: 10129: 10128: 10125: 10119: 10116: 10114: 10111: 10107: 10104: 10103: 10102: 10099: 10097: 10094: 10092: 10089: 10087: 10084: 10082: 10079: 10077: 10074: 10072: 10069: 10067: 10064: 10062: 10059: 10057: 10054: 10052: 10049: 10047: 10044: 10042: 10039: 10037: 10034: 10032: 10029: 10027: 10024: 10022: 10019: 10017: 10014: 10012: 10009: 10008: 10006: 10002: 9994: 9991: 9990: 9989: 9986: 9984: 9983:Wine industry 9981: 9979: 9976: 9974: 9971: 9969: 9966: 9964: 9961: 9959: 9956: 9952: 9949: 9947: 9944: 9943: 9942: 9939: 9935: 9932: 9931: 9930: 9927: 9925: 9922: 9918: 9915: 9913: 9910: 9909: 9908: 9905: 9901: 9898: 9894: 9891: 9890: 9889: 9886: 9882: 9879: 9877: 9874: 9873: 9872: 9869: 9865: 9862: 9860: 9857: 9856: 9855: 9852: 9851: 9850: 9847: 9845: 9842: 9841: 9839: 9835: 9827: 9824: 9822: 9819: 9817: 9814: 9813: 9812: 9811:South America 9809: 9805: 9802: 9800: 9799:United States 9797: 9795: 9792: 9791: 9790: 9789:North America 9787: 9783: 9780: 9778: 9775: 9773: 9770: 9768: 9765: 9764: 9763: 9760: 9756: 9753: 9751: 9748: 9746: 9743: 9741: 9738: 9736: 9733: 9731: 9728: 9726: 9723: 9721: 9718: 9716: 9713: 9711: 9708: 9706: 9703: 9702: 9701: 9698: 9696: 9693: 9689: 9686: 9684: 9681: 9679: 9676: 9675: 9674: 9671: 9667: 9664: 9662: 9659: 9657: 9654: 9652: 9649: 9647: 9644: 9642: 9639: 9638: 9637: 9634: 9630: 9627: 9625: 9622: 9621: 9620: 9617: 9615: 9612: 9611: 9609: 9607: 9603: 9597: 9594: 9592: 9589: 9587: 9584: 9582: 9579: 9577: 9576:Racialization 9574: 9572: 9569: 9567: 9564: 9562: 9559: 9557: 9554: 9552: 9549: 9547: 9544: 9542: 9541:Ethnic hatred 9539: 9537: 9534: 9532: 9529: 9527: 9524: 9522: 9519: 9517: 9514: 9513: 9511: 9505: 9499: 9496: 9494: 9491: 9489: 9486: 9484: 9481: 9479: 9476: 9474: 9471: 9469: 9466: 9464: 9461: 9459: 9458:Laissez-faire 9456: 9454: 9451: 9449: 9446: 9444: 9443:Institutional 9441: 9439: 9436: 9434: 9431: 9429: 9428:Environmental 9426: 9424: 9421: 9419: 9416: 9414: 9411: 9409: 9406: 9404: 9401: 9400: 9398: 9394: 9390: 9383: 9378: 9376: 9371: 9369: 9364: 9363: 9360: 9354: 9350: 9347: 9344: 9342: 9339: 9337: 9334: 9333: 9310: 9306: 9299: 9293: 9277: 9273: 9269: 9263: 9255: 9251: 9247: 9243: 9239: 9235: 9228: 9220: 9216: 9210: 9202: 9198: 9194: 9187: 9185: 9168: 9164: 9158: 9150: 9148:1-4184-1055-1 9144: 9140: 9136: 9129: 9113: 9109: 9103: 9087: 9083: 9079: 9072: 9065: 9061: 9055: 9039: 9035: 9029: 9013: 9009: 9003: 8984: 8977: 8971: 8955: 8951: 8945: 8929: 8925: 8919: 8911: 8907: 8901: 8893: 8887: 8883: 8882: 8874: 8872: 8863: 8862: 8857: 8850: 8842: 8840:1-56656-388-7 8836: 8832: 8831: 8826: 8820: 8812: 8808: 8804: 8800: 8796: 8792: 8788: 8782: 8780: 8771: 8767: 8763: 8757: 8755: 8753: 8736: 8732: 8731: 8726: 8719: 8712: 8711:Savage Nation 8707: 8701: 8700: 8695: 8689: 8683: 8682: 8677: 8673: 8670: 8664: 8656: 8655: 8650: 8644: 8628: 8624: 8618: 8602: 8596: 8580: 8576: 8570: 8554: 8550: 8549: 8544: 8537: 8529: 8525: 8521: 8515: 8504: 8500: 8493: 8487: 8485: 8483: 8481: 8472: 8468: 8464: 8460: 8453: 8451: 8442: 8436: 8432: 8427: 8426: 8417: 8409: 8403: 8399: 8393: 8377: 8373: 8367: 8351: 8347: 8343: 8336: 8328: 8322: 8318: 8314: 8310: 8306: 8299: 8283: 8279: 8272: 8264: 8260: 8256: 8252: 8248: 8244: 8240: 8236: 8229: 8221: 8215: 8207: 8201: 8193: 8189: 8183: 8175: 8173:9781136167515 8169: 8166:. Routledge. 8165: 8164: 8156: 8148: 8144: 8140: 8136: 8132: 8125: 8117: 8113: 8109: 8105: 8101: 8097: 8093: 8089: 8082: 8066: 8062: 8056: 8041: 8037: 8030: 8014: 8010: 8004: 8002: 8000: 7983: 7979: 7975: 7968: 7958: 7957: 7952: 7948: 7942: 7938: 7937: 7931: 7927: 7923: 7917: 7901: 7900: 7895: 7891: 7889: 7877: 7873: 7869: 7864: 7861: 7857: 7851: 7847: 7842: 7841: 7834: 7830: 7824: 7820: 7819: 7813: 7809: 7808: 7803: 7799: 7798: 7793: 7789: 7783: 7779: 7778: 7772: 7768: 7762: 7758: 7757: 7751: 7739: 7735: 7731: 7727: 7716: 7712: 7708: 7696: 7692: 7688: 7683: 7671: 7667: 7663: 7651: 7647: 7643: 7632: 7628: 7623: 7611: 7607: 7603: 7591: 7587: 7583: 7571: 7567: 7563: 7559: 7548: 7547: 7542: 7537: 7525: 7521: 7517: 7512: 7500: 7496: 7492: 7488: 7487: 7483: 7475: 7469: 7453: 7447: 7431: 7427: 7421: 7405: 7399: 7391: 7390: 7383: 7375: 7371: 7367: 7361: 7353: 7352: 7347: 7340: 7332: 7331: 7326: 7319: 7303: 7302: 7297: 7291: 7275: 7274: 7269: 7263: 7255: 7251: 7244: 7236: 7229: 7221: 7217: 7211: 7203: 7199: 7195: 7189: 7181: 7177: 7176: 7175:The Telegraph 7170: 7163: 7155: 7151: 7145: 7137: 7133: 7127: 7119: 7115: 7108: 7100: 7099: 7094: 7087: 7071: 7067: 7063: 7056: 7048: 7044: 7043: 7038: 7032: 7016: 7012: 7011: 7006: 6999: 6983: 6979: 6973: 6957: 6956: 6951: 6945: 6937: 6933: 6932: 6927: 6920: 6912: 6908: 6907: 6902: 6895: 6879: 6875: 6871: 6865: 6857: 6853: 6849: 6843: 6835: 6834: 6829: 6822: 6820: 6811: 6810: 6805: 6799: 6791: 6785: 6778: 6773: 6765: 6761: 6760: 6755: 6749: 6747: 6738: 6734: 6730: 6726: 6720: 6704: 6700: 6699: 6694: 6688: 6672: 6668: 6662: 6655: 6642: 6641: 6636: 6632: 6626: 6619: 6617: 6616: 6601: 6597: 6596: 6591: 6584: 6576: 6572: 6565: 6550: 6546: 6539: 6531: 6530: 6525: 6518: 6510: 6506: 6502: 6498: 6494: 6490: 6483: 6474: 6466: 6464:0-231-12667-0 6460: 6456: 6452: 6447: 6446: 6437: 6421: 6420: 6415: 6408: 6401:. p. A1. 6400: 6399: 6391: 6383: 6379: 6375: 6368: 6357:September 10, 6353: 6349: 6342: 6334: 6330: 6329: 6324: 6318: 6310: 6306: 6302: 6298: 6294: 6290: 6286: 6282: 6278: 6274: 6267: 6259: 6258: 6253: 6246: 6238: 6234: 6233: 6228: 6222: 6206: 6202: 6198: 6192: 6176: 6172: 6168: 6162: 6154: 6153:The Economist 6150: 6144: 6136: 6135:The Economist 6132: 6126: 6119: 6115: 6109: 6105: 6100: 6099: 6090: 6074: 6070: 6066: 6060: 6044: 6040: 6039:Now.mmedia.me 6036: 6030: 6022: 6016: 6012: 6011: 6003: 5995: 5989: 5985: 5984: 5976: 5968: 5962: 5958: 5957: 5949: 5934: 5933: 5928: 5921: 5913: 5907: 5903: 5902: 5894: 5878: 5871: 5869: 5849: 5845: 5841: 5837: 5833: 5829: 5825: 5818: 5814: 5808: 5806: 5797: 5791: 5787: 5786: 5778: 5763:. May 5, 2012 5762: 5761:The Economist 5758: 5752: 5750: 5734: 5728: 5724: 5723: 5715: 5699: 5695: 5689: 5673: 5669: 5663: 5647: 5643: 5642: 5637: 5633: 5627: 5619: 5615: 5611: 5605: 5597: 5593: 5589: 5583: 5567: 5561: 5545: 5541: 5535: 5519: 5515: 5509: 5493: 5489: 5483: 5475: 5471: 5467: 5461: 5453: 5449: 5446: 5439: 5431: 5427: 5423: 5422:Casaca, Paulo 5417: 5409: 5404: 5396: 5388: 5384: 5378: 5370: 5366: 5359: 5351: 5347: 5346: 5341: 5337: 5331: 5324: 5320: 5316: 5313: 5312: 5305: 5289: 5282: 5276: 5274: 5257: 5253: 5247: 5231: 5227: 5223: 5216: 5200: 5196: 5190: 5174: 5170: 5163: 5161: 5144: 5140: 5136: 5132: 5128: 5121: 5113: 5105: 5098: 5090: 5088:0-691-03109-6 5084: 5080: 5073: 5065: 5063:2-7266-0018-2 5059: 5055: 5048: 5033: 5029: 5025: 5018: 5002: 4998: 4992: 4976: 4972: 4971: 4966: 4959: 4944: 4943: 4938: 4931: 4916: 4915: 4910: 4903: 4887: 4883: 4882: 4877: 4871: 4864: 4859: 4855: 4849: 4834: 4833: 4828: 4821: 4819: 4802: 4801: 4796: 4786: 4770: 4766: 4762: 4758: 4752: 4736: 4732: 4728: 4722: 4707: 4706: 4701: 4694: 4679: 4678: 4673: 4666: 4651: 4650: 4645: 4638: 4630: 4629: 4624: 4617: 4601: 4597: 4596: 4591: 4584: 4576: 4574:0-415-95003-1 4570: 4566: 4561: 4560: 4551: 4543: 4539: 4535: 4531: 4524: 4516: 4514:0-415-95003-1 4510: 4506: 4501: 4500: 4491: 4489: 4481: 4475: 4474: 4467: 4465:2-7384-5789-4 4461: 4457: 4450: 4442: 4440:1-55587-647-1 4436: 4432: 4427: 4426: 4417: 4409: 4405: 4401: 4397: 4393: 4389: 4382: 4366: 4362: 4356: 4348: 4346:0-631-20767-8 4342: 4338: 4331: 4323: 4321:0-226-72611-8 4317: 4313: 4306: 4297: 4290: 4284: 4275: 4267: 4265:0-7486-1707-8 4261: 4257: 4253: 4248: 4247: 4238: 4230: 4226: 4222: 4215: 4199: 4195: 4188: 4172: 4168: 4164: 4158: 4142: 4138: 4131: 4123: 4119: 4115: 4111: 4107: 4103: 4096: 4081: 4079:9780199945412 4075: 4071: 4070: 4062: 4047: 4041: 4037: 4036: 4028: 4018: 4014: 4010: 4009: 4006: 4002: 4001:Phares, Walid 3995: 3979: 3975: 3971: 3964: 3960: 3951: 3948: 3945: 3944: 3940: 3938: 3935: 3933: 3930: 3928: 3925: 3923: 3920: 3918: 3915: 3914: 3908: 3907: 3903: 3899: 3889: 3887: 3877: 3873: 3870: 3866: 3861: 3857: 3852: 3850: 3844: 3839: 3837: 3833: 3829: 3824: 3822: 3819: 3815: 3811: 3808: 3801:United States 3793: 3791: 3787: 3786: 3781: 3780: 3775: 3774: 3769: 3765: 3760: 3758: 3757: 3752: 3747: 3745: 3741: 3740: 3736:According to 3734: 3732: 3731: 3726: 3722: 3720: 3719: 3714: 3710: 3709: 3703: 3701: 3697: 3692: 3690: 3689: 3684: 3680: 3674: 3667:Western media 3664: 3662: 3658: 3654: 3650: 3646: 3641: 3639: 3635: 3631: 3628:racist, said 3626: 3622: 3618: 3614: 3612: 3607: 3603: 3599: 3595: 3591: 3588: 3584: 3580: 3576: 3572: 3568: 3564: 3562: 3558: 3554: 3550: 3546: 3542: 3537: 3535: 3529: 3527: 3523: 3519: 3515: 3511: 3507: 3502: 3499: 3495: 3491: 3487: 3483: 3480: 3475: 3472: 3471:anti-Semitism 3468: 3462: 3455:United States 3452: 3450: 3444: 3434: 3432: 3427: 3425: 3421: 3417: 3413: 3408: 3404: 3402: 3398: 3394: 3390: 3385: 3383: 3380:, led to the 3379: 3378:Turkification 3375: 3371: 3365: 3355: 3353: 3349: 3345: 3335: 3333: 3329: 3325: 3322: 3319: 3315: 3305: 3303: 3298: 3295: 3291: 3286: 3284: 3280: 3276: 3271: 3269: 3264: 3262: 3256: 3253: 3251: 3247: 3242: 3239: 3234: 3232: 3228: 3224: 3219: 3217: 3213: 3208: 3205: 3202:In 2007, the 3200: 3198: 3194: 3189: 3187: 3183: 3179: 3174: 3171: 3162: 3158: 3156: 3152: 3148: 3147: 3142: 3138: 3134: 3130: 3126: 3125:Israeli Arabs 3122: 3117: 3115: 3111: 3107: 3103: 3099: 3095: 3091: 3087: 3082: 3079: 3075: 3071: 3067: 3063: 3059: 3055: 3050: 3048: 3044: 3040: 3035: 3033: 3029: 3024: 3022: 3018: 3014: 3010: 3001: 2996: 2992: 2982: 2980: 2974: 2972: 2968: 2964: 2959: 2945: 2940: 2938: 2933: 2931: 2927: 2923: 2919: 2915: 2911: 2907: 2903: 2899: 2895: 2891: 2887: 2883: 2878: 2876: 2871: 2869: 2865: 2860: 2859:Īlām Province 2856: 2852: 2847: 2845: 2841: 2837: 2834:(such as the 2833: 2829: 2825: 2820: 2818: 2817:Iranian Arabs 2814: 2802: 2799: 2798:expropriation 2793: 2791: 2785: 2783: 2779: 2775: 2774:Ali Shamkhani 2771: 2767: 2766:Iran–Iraq War 2763: 2759: 2754: 2752: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2736: 2732: 2731:Richard Foltz 2728: 2727: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2708: 2706: 2705: 2699: 2695: 2691: 2687: 2682: 2678: 2677:Iranian Arabs 2668: 2665: 2663: 2659: 2655: 2651: 2649: 2645: 2644:Romani people 2640: 2638: 2634: 2630: 2626: 2622: 2618: 2614: 2610: 2605: 2601: 2599: 2595: 2590: 2586: 2582: 2578: 2574: 2570: 2564: 2554: 2546: 2544: 2543:Channel Seven 2540: 2536: 2531: 2528: 2524: 2520: 2516: 2512: 2509: 2506: 2501: 2499: 2495: 2491: 2486: 2484: 2480: 2476: 2470: 2462: 2458: 2449: 2445: 2442: 2438: 2433: 2431: 2427: 2422: 2420: 2416: 2411: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2396: 2394: 2391:According to 2389: 2386: 2381: 2377: 2373: 2358: 2355: 2353: 2349: 2345: 2341: 2337: 2333: 2332:Turkification 2329: 2325: 2321: 2316: 2314: 2313:black African 2310: 2305: 2303: 2299: 2295: 2290: 2288: 2284: 2280: 2276: 2272: 2271: 2266: 2258: 2253: 2244: 2242: 2238: 2234: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2218: 2214: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2189: 2187: 2183: 2179: 2173: 2169: 2159: 2157: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2133: 2129: 2125: 2121: 2117: 2112: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2095:(also called 2094: 2084: 2081:February 2024 2074: 2068: 2066: 2061: 2056: 2052: 2047: 2046: 2036: 2031: 2029: 2024: 2022: 2017: 2016: 2014: 2013: 2003: 2000: 1996: 1993: 1992: 1991: 1988: 1986: 1983: 1981: 1980:Social stigma 1978: 1974: 1971: 1969: 1966: 1964: 1961: 1960: 1959: 1956: 1954: 1951: 1949: 1946: 1944: 1941: 1939: 1936: 1934: 1931: 1927: 1924: 1923: 1922: 1919: 1917: 1914: 1912: 1909: 1907: 1904: 1902: 1899: 1897: 1894: 1892: 1889: 1887: 1884: 1882: 1879: 1877: 1874: 1872: 1869: 1867: 1864: 1862: 1859: 1857: 1854: 1850: 1847: 1846: 1845: 1842: 1840: 1837: 1835: 1832: 1830: 1827: 1825: 1822: 1820: 1817: 1815: 1812: 1810: 1807: 1805: 1802: 1798: 1795: 1793: 1790: 1789: 1788: 1785: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1775: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1763: 1760: 1758: 1755: 1754: 1745: 1744: 1734: 1731: 1729: 1726: 1724: 1721: 1719: 1716: 1714: 1711: 1709: 1706: 1704: 1701: 1699: 1696: 1694: 1691: 1689: 1686: 1684: 1681: 1679: 1676: 1674: 1671: 1669: 1666: 1662: 1659: 1658: 1657: 1654: 1652: 1649: 1647: 1644: 1642: 1639: 1637: 1634: 1632: 1629: 1627: 1624: 1623: 1614: 1613: 1603: 1600: 1598: 1595: 1593: 1590: 1588: 1587:State atheism 1585: 1583: 1580: 1578: 1575: 1571: 1568: 1566: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1556: 1553: 1552: 1551: 1548: 1546: 1543: 1541: 1538: 1536: 1533: 1529: 1526: 1524: 1523:Jim Crow laws 1521: 1520: 1519: 1516: 1514: 1511: 1509: 1508:One-drop rule 1506: 1504: 1502: 1498: 1496: 1493: 1491: 1488: 1486: 1483: 1481: 1478: 1476: 1473: 1471: 1468: 1466: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1456: 1453: 1451: 1448: 1444: 1441: 1439: 1436: 1435: 1434: 1431: 1429: 1426: 1424: 1423:Blood quantum 1421: 1419: 1416: 1414: 1411: 1410: 1401: 1400: 1390: 1387: 1385: 1382: 1380: 1377: 1375: 1372: 1370: 1367: 1365: 1364:Victimisation 1362: 1360: 1359:Trans bashing 1357: 1355: 1352: 1350: 1347: 1345: 1342: 1340: 1337: 1335: 1332: 1330: 1329:Religious war 1327: 1325: 1322: 1320: 1317: 1315: 1312: 1310: 1309:Racialization 1307: 1305: 1302: 1300: 1297: 1295: 1292: 1290: 1287: 1285: 1282: 1280: 1277: 1273: 1270: 1268: 1265: 1263: 1260: 1259: 1258: 1255: 1253: 1250: 1248: 1245: 1243: 1240: 1238: 1235: 1233: 1230: 1228: 1225: 1223: 1220: 1218: 1215: 1213: 1210: 1208: 1205: 1203: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1191: 1188: 1187: 1186: 1183: 1181: 1180:Glass ceiling 1178: 1174: 1171: 1170: 1169: 1166: 1164: 1161: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1139: 1136: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1126: 1124: 1123:Ethnic hatred 1121: 1119: 1116: 1114: 1111: 1109: 1106: 1104: 1101: 1099: 1096: 1094: 1091: 1089: 1086: 1084: 1081: 1079: 1076: 1074: 1071: 1069: 1066: 1064: 1061: 1059: 1058:Counter-jihad 1056: 1054: 1051: 1049: 1046: 1044: 1041: 1039: 1036: 1034: 1031: 1029: 1026: 1022: 1019: 1018: 1017: 1014: 1013: 1004: 1003: 993: 990: 988: 985: 983: 980: 978: 975: 973: 970: 968: 965: 963: 960: 958: 955: 953: 950: 948: 945: 943: 940: 938: 935: 933: 930: 928: 925: 923: 920: 918: 915: 913: 910: 908: 905: 903: 900: 898: 895: 893: 890: 888: 885: 883: 880: 878: 875: 873: 870: 868: 865: 863: 860: 858: 855: 853: 850: 848: 845: 841: 840:United States 838: 836: 833: 831: 828: 827: 825: 823: 820: 818: 815: 813: 810: 808: 805: 803: 800: 798: 795: 793: 790: 788: 785: 783: 780: 778: 775: 773: 770: 768: 765: 763: 760: 758: 755: 753: 750: 748: 745: 743: 740: 736: 733: 731: 728: 726: 723: 722: 721: 718: 716: 713: 711: 708: 704: 703:United States 701: 699: 696: 694: 691: 690: 689: 686: 684: 681: 678: 676: 673: 671: 668: 666: 663: 661: 658: 657: 651: 645: 644: 634: 631: 629: 626: 624: 621: 619: 618:Protestantism 616: 614: 611: 607: 604: 603: 602: 599: 593: 590: 588: 585: 583: 580: 578: 575: 574: 573: 570: 569: 568: 565: 561: 558: 556: 553: 552: 551: 548: 546: 543: 539: 536: 534: 533:LDS or Mormon 531: 529: 526: 524: 521: 519: 516: 515: 514: 511: 509: 506: 504: 501: 499: 496: 495: 489: 484: 483: 473: 470: 468: 465: 461: 458: 456: 455:Transmisogyny 453: 451: 448: 447: 446: 443: 439: 436: 434: 431: 430: 429: 426: 424: 421: 419: 416: 414: 411: 409: 406: 404: 401: 399: 396: 394: 391: 389: 386: 384: 381: 379: 376: 374: 371: 369: 366: 364: 361: 359: 358:Gerontophobia 356: 354: 351: 349: 346: 344: 341: 339: 336: 334: 331: 329: 326: 324: 321: 319: 316: 314: 311: 309: 306: 304: 301: 299: 296: 294: 291: 289: 286: 284: 281: 279: 278:Anti-intersex 276: 274: 271: 269: 266: 264: 261: 259: 256: 254: 253:Anti-albinism 251: 249: 246: 244: 241: 239: 236: 235: 226: 225: 215: 212: 210: 207: 205: 202: 200: 197: 195: 192: 190: 187: 183: 180: 178: 175: 174: 173: 170: 168: 165: 163: 160: 158: 155: 153: 150: 148: 145: 143: 140: 138: 135: 133: 130: 128: 125: 123: 120: 118: 115: 114: 105: 104: 94: 91: 89: 86: 84: 81: 79: 78:Institutional 76: 75: 66: 65: 61: 57: 56: 53: 50: 49: 45: 41: 40: 37: 33: 19: 12125:Anti-Arabism 11888:Gender-blind 11775:Human rights 11603:Racial quota 11590: 11570:Jewish quota 11550:Gerontocracy 11545:Gender roles 11523:Disabilities 11508:Blood purity 11480:Wife selling 11470:White flight 11450:Slut-shaming 11430:Scapegoating 11348:Murder music 11021:Palestinians 10839:South Africa 10824:Black people 10802:South Africa 10781: 10623:Christianity 10613:Baháʼí Faith 10541:Sectarianism 10481:Heterosexism 10446:Ephebiphobia 10411:Antisemitism 10406:Anti-Masonry 10273:Hair texture 10106:in Australia 10096:Racial quota 9843: 9740:Soviet Union 9683:Saudi Arabia 9624:South Africa 9551:Ethnic slurs 9546:Ethnic jokes 9448:Internalized 9316:. 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Retrieved 3974:The Guardian 3973: 3963: 3941: 3937:Islamophobia 3922:Antisemitism 3905: 3895: 3883: 3874: 3860:antisemitism 3853: 3846: 3841: 3825: 3814:civil rights 3804: 3783: 3777: 3771: 3763: 3761: 3754: 3748: 3737: 3735: 3728: 3725:Jack Shaheen 3723: 3716: 3713:Paul Clinton 3706: 3704: 3696:Nazi Germany 3693: 3686: 3676: 3649:Christianity 3642: 3634:Shai Hermesh 3615: 3590:Darrell Issa 3565: 3538: 3530: 3503: 3476: 3466: 3464: 3446: 3428: 3409: 3405: 3386: 3367: 3341: 3311: 3287: 3283:Shimon Peres 3272: 3265: 3257: 3254: 3243: 3235: 3220: 3209: 3201: 3190: 3185: 3175: 3167: 3151:Yehiel Hazan 3146:The Guardian 3144: 3118: 3102:Abbas Zakour 3083: 3051: 3036: 3025: 3013:Pisgat Ze'ev 3006: 2975: 2970: 2960: 2943: 2941: 2934: 2926:Zoroastrians 2917: 2913: 2909: 2905: 2901: 2897: 2893: 2890:lizard eater 2889: 2885: 2881: 2879: 2872: 2848: 2827: 2821: 2810: 2795: 2789: 2786: 2770:fifth column 2755: 2723: 2709: 2701: 2686:Human rights 2684: 2666: 2652: 2641: 2629:nationalists 2609:World War II 2606: 2602: 2566: 2552: 2535:Adam Walters 2532: 2502: 2487: 2483:Morris Iemma 2472: 2446: 2434: 2429: 2423: 2414: 2412: 2397: 2390: 2369: 2356: 2352:Arab culture 2327: 2319: 2317: 2306: 2298:Muslim-ruled 2291: 2286: 2268: 2262: 2255:Graffiti in 2241:nonreligious 2190: 2186:Islamophobia 2175: 2172:Arab culture 2144:civil rights 2113: 2104: 2100: 2097:Anti-Arabism 2096: 2092: 2091: 2078: 2062: 2060:lead section 1814:Gender-blind 1693:Human rights 1513:Racial quota 1500: 1480:Jewish quota 1460:Gerontocracy 1455:Gender roles 1433:Disabilities 1418:Blood purity 1384:Wife selling 1374:White flight 1354:Slut-shaming 1334:Scapegoating 1252:Murder music 917:Palestinians 735:South Africa 720:Black people 698:South Africa 513:Christianity 503:Baháʼí Faith 423:Sectarianism 363:Heterosexism 328:Ephebiphobia 293:Antisemitism 288:Anti-Masonry 147:Hair texture 36: 32:Islamophobia 12135:Orientalism 11790:Nonviolence 11785:LGBT rights 11750:Empowerment 11718:Anti-racism 11640:Segregation 11585:No kid zone 11385:Persecution 11298:Hate speech 11249:Gay bashing 11224:Ethnic joke 11179:Dog whistle 11124:Blood libel 10819:Azerbaijani 10723:Neopaganism 10716:Persecution 10682:Persecution 10665:Persecution 10628:Catholicism 10563:Transphobia 10546:Supremacism 10501:Lesbophobia 10416:Aporophobia 10376:Anti-autism 10227:Taste-based 10222:Statistical 10021:Anti-racism 9762:Middle East 9656:South Korea 9651:North Korea 9566:Hate speech 9488:Substantive 9468:Neocolonial 9272:Naba.org.uk 9139:AuthorHouse 9118:October 19, 9066:, May 2006. 8952:. Adl.org. 7988:October 15, 7734:Lead.org.pk 7625:Jon Boone. 7520:Audubon.org 7194:Gideon Levy 6677:October 19, 6606:October 19, 5883:October 18, 5879:. Rferl.org 5857:October 18, 5767:October 18, 5738:October 18, 5294:October 18, 5256:Le Monde.fr 4337:The Berbers 3828:James Zogby 3785:Jonny Quest 3657:Nidal Hasan 3602:Los Angeles 3587:Congressman 3567:Earl Krugel 3553:Larme Price 3545:Hate crimes 3482:Objectivist 3412:Grey Wolves 3382:Arab Revolt 3348:aphrodisiac 3288:During the 3193:segregation 3149:. In 2004, 3017:Petah Tikva 2906:sub-saharan 2898:uncivilized 2882:Dirty Taazi 2836:Karkheh Dam 2792:criteria." 2577:World War I 2340:Pan-Iranist 2270:Reconquista 2267:, when the 2168:Arab people 2109:Arab people 2105:Arabophobia 1708:Nonviolence 1703:LGBT rights 1668:Empowerment 1636:Anti-racism 1550:Segregation 1495:No kid zone 1289:Persecution 1202:Hate speech 1153:Gay bashing 1128:Ethnic joke 1083:Dog whistle 1028:Blood libel 715:Azerbaijani 613:Neopaganism 606:Persecution 572:Persecution 555:Persecution 518:Catholicism 445:Transphobia 428:Supremacism 383:Lesbophobia 298:Aporophobia 258:Anti-autism 93:Taste-based 88:Statistical 12119:Categories 12064:Stereotype 12059:Speciesism 11940:Oppression 11935:Oikophobia 11831:Allophilia 11815:Toleration 11672:Sodomy law 11565:Internment 11485:Witch-hunt 11363:Blackhawks 11293:Hate group 11281:Hate crime 11254:Gendercide 11244:Freak show 11234:Excellence 11194:Employment 11164:Defamation 11096:Vietnamese 11091:Venezuelan 10981:Lithuanian 10655:Falun Gong 10590:Xenophobia 10585:Vegaphobia 10568:Non-binary 10526:Pedophobia 10491:Homophobia 10303:Skin color 10263:Disability 10236:Attributes 10217:Structural 9900:Vietnamese 9673:Arab world 9571:Hate group 9561:Hate crime 9498:Xenophobia 9478:Scientific 9463:Linguistic 9282:January 7, 9018:August 25, 8633:January 1, 8559:January 7, 8356:January 7, 8315:. p. 8313:SUNY Press 8071:August 27, 8045:August 27, 8040:Al-Monitor 8019:August 27, 7882:January 7, 7744:January 7, 7720:January 7, 7701:January 7, 7676:January 7, 7656:January 7, 7636:January 7, 7616:January 7, 7596:January 7, 7576:January 7, 7552:January 7, 7530:January 7, 7505:January 7, 7458:January 1, 7410:January 1, 7374:Al Arabiya 7308:January 7, 7280:January 7, 7013:. London. 6962:January 1, 6852:Al Jazeera 6554:January 7, 6453:. p. 6211:January 7, 6181:January 7, 6079:January 7, 6049:January 7, 5938:January 7, 5572:January 1, 5262:January 7, 5226:Al Jazeera 4254:. p. 3976:. London. 3956:References 3742:columnist 3477:Prominent 3459:See also: 3441:See also: 3416:Arab World 3401:Good Party 3180:attack of 3170:Ze'ev Boim 3106:hate crime 3021:Kiryat Gat 2989:See also: 2924:" (مجوس) ( 2902:barbarians 2778:Khuzestani 2751:Shu'ubiyah 2729:). Author 2694:Separatist 2675:See also: 2623:and other 2617:Mitterrand 2561:See also: 2496:since the 2467:See also: 2419:Anti-Islam 2404:Tizi Ouzou 2378:and other 2328:shu'ubiyya 2294:annexation 2292:After the 1990:Stereotype 1985:Speciesism 1866:Oppression 1861:Oikophobia 1757:Allophilia 1733:Toleration 1582:Sodomy law 1475:Internment 1389:Witch-hunt 1267:Blackhawks 1197:Hate group 1185:Hate crime 1158:Gendercide 1148:Freak show 1138:Excellence 1098:Employment 1068:Defamation 992:Vietnamese 987:Venezuelan 877:Lithuanian 545:Falun Gong 472:Xenophobia 467:Vegaphobia 450:Non-binary 408:Pedophobia 373:Homophobia 177:Skin color 137:Disability 108:Attributes 83:Structural 12037:Christian 11965:Prejudice 11913:Masculism 11861:Diversity 11655:religious 11630:Redlining 11229:Ethnocide 11189:Education 11081:Ukrainian 11016:Pakistani 11006:Mongolian 10934:Australia 10916:Hungarian 10871:Colombian 10851:Bulgarian 10733:Rastafari 10687:Ahmadiyya 10600:Religious 10578:Trans men 10536:Pregnancy 10471:Gayphobia 10466:Fatphobia 10361:Acephobia 10356:Arophobia 10340:Viewpoint 10081:Race card 10016:Alt-right 9816:Argentina 9777:Palestine 9695:Australia 9521:Apartheid 9509:of racism 9305:Ohchr.org 9254:154763592 8960:March 27, 8811:0027-4909 8772:. 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