923:
911:
899:
887:
875:
863:
851:
839:
827:
815:
803:
791:
779:
350:
2733:
370:
459:
3060:
629:
617:
605:
593:
581:
569:
557:
537:
525:
505:
493:
267:
959:
947:
406:
394:
2608:
106:
27:
418:
2656:(acquired from Bavaria in return for its receiving Ansbach). Murat exacerbated Prussian enmity by tactlessly ejecting a Prussian garrison that was stationed in his newly acquired realm, prompting a stern rebuke from Napoleon. Relations between France and Prussia quickly soured when Prussia eventually discovered that Napoleon had secretly promised to return sovereignty of Hanover back to Britain during his abortive peace negotiations with the British. This duplicity by the French would be one of the main causes for Prussia declaring war that autumn.
335:
737:
725:
2555:
983:
971:
471:
434:
713:
2175:
307:
2209:
293:
2124:
2107:
2141:
935:
761:
749:
382:
323:
2192:
2095:
2158:
2864:
2078:
3923:
446:
3932:
2926:(as well as fellow commander Friedrich Wilhelm Carl von Schmettau) were mortally wounded, and the Prussian command devolved to the less able King Fredrick William who believed he was facing Napoleon himself. Matters worsened once the vanquished remnants of the Prussian army from Jena stumbled onto the clash at Auerstedt, further plunging the Prussians' morale and triggering their precipitous retreat. For this conspicuous victory, Marshal Davout was later created the
2040:
2047:
3944:
2981:
701:
689:
677:
665:
653:
641:
2996:, advancing with such speed that Napoleon was able to destroy as an effective military force the entire quarter of a million-strong Prussian army. The Prussians sustained 65,000 casualties including the deaths of two members of the royal family lost a further 150,000 prisoners, over 4,000 artillery pieces, and over 100,000 muskets stockpiled in Berlin. The French suffered around 15,000 casualties for the whole campaign.
2709:), as well as contribute much of the resources needed to support the French armies still occupying western and southern Germany. Understandably, Prussia was indignant at this increasing French meddling in the affairs of Germany (without its involvement or even consultation) and viewed it as a threat. Napoleon had previously attempted to ameliorate Prussian anxieties by assuring Prussia he was not averse to its heading a
2054:
279:
3155:
2528:, Napoleon looked forward to achieving a general peace in Europe, especially with his two main remaining antagonists, Britain and Russia. Meanwhile, he sought to isolate Prussia from the influence of these two powers by offering a tentative alliance, while also seeking to curb Prussia's political and military influence among the German states.
3233:, the Empire was seemingly at its zenith. Flush with triumph and deeming France free from any immediate obligations in Central and Eastern Europe, Napoleon decided to capture the Iberian ports of Britain's long-time ally Portugal. His main aim was to close off another strip of the European coast and a major source for British trade.
3009:
had taken only 19 days from the commencement of the invasion of
Prussia until essentially knocking it out of the war with the capture of Berlin and the destruction of its principal armies at Jena and Auerstedt. Most of the shattered remnants of the Prussian army and the displaced royal family escaped
2839:
to meet the enemy at any contingency. This strategy was adopted due to
Napoleon's lack of intelligence regarding the Prussian main army's whereabouts and uncertainty over his enemy's puzzling manoeuvres in their march to face him. The reason for this stemmed mainly from the mutual mistrust within the
2582:
in July 1806 (though these actions are considered part of the tail end of the War of the Third
Coalition), the main conflicts between Britain and France during the Fourth Coalition would involve no direct general military confrontation. Rather, there was an escalation in the ongoing economic warfare
2550:
for both
Britain and Prussia against France. This issue also dragged Sweden into the war, whose forces had been deployed there as part of the effort to liberate Hanover during the war of the previous coalition. The path to war seemed inevitable after French forces ejected the Swedish troops in April
2603:
and the two powers remained at war. Though nominally an ally in the coalition, Russia remained a dormant entity for much of the year (giving virtually no military aid to
Prussia in the main battles that October, as Russian armies were still mobilising). Russian forces would not fully come into play
3252:
with the aim of invading
Portugal (as well as the secret task of being the vanguard for the eventual French occupation of Spain). Napoleon soon embroiled himself and France in Spain's internal power struggles within its royal family, eventually leading to the Spanish populace turning on the French
2840:
Prussian high command that had resulted in division among the
Prussian commanders over which plan of action for the war would be adopted. Despite the deficiency in pinpointing the main Prussian army's exact position, Napoleon correctly surmised their probable concentration in the vicinity of
2688:
the various smaller states of the former Holy Roman Empire which had allied with France into larger electorates, duchies and kingdoms to make the governance of non-Prussian and
Austrian Germany more efficient. He also elevated the electors of the two largest Confederation states, his allies
2667:
and other parts of western
Germany. A virtual satellite of the French Empire with Napoleon as its "Protector", the Confederation was intended to act as a buffer state from any future aggressions from Austria, Russia or Prussia against France (a policy that was an heir of the
2535:
in
January 1806, Britain and the new Whig administration remained committed to checking the growing power of France. Peace overtures between the two nations early in the new year proved ineffectual due to the still unresolved issues that had led to the breakdown of the
2717:
in August 1806 for publishing a pamphlet which strongly attacked Napoleon and the conduct of his army occupying Germany. After giving Napoleon an ultimatum on 1 October 1806, Prussia (supported by Saxony) finally decided to contend militarily with the French Emperor.
3041:. This policy aimed to control the trade of all European countries without consulting their governments. The ostensible goal was to weaken the British economy by closing French-controlled territory to its trade, but British merchants smuggled in many goods and the
2780:
was still in the heart of Germany close to the Prussian border. He drummed up support from his soldiers by declaring that Prussia's bellicose actions had delayed their phased withdrawal back home to France to enjoy praise for the previous year's victories.
2635:
in Prussian territory on their march to face the Austrians and Russians. Anger by Prussia at this trespass was quickly tempered by the results of Austerlitz, and a convention of continued peace with France was signed two weeks after that battle at
2598:
In the meantime, Russia spent most of 1806 recovering from defeats from the previous year's campaign. Napoleon had hoped to establish peace with Russia and a tentative peace treaty was signed in July 1806, but this was vetoed by Tsar
2700:
The Confederation was above all a military alliance: in return for continued French protection, member states were compelled to supply France with large numbers of their own military personnel (mainly to serve as auxiliaries to the
2760:
that very autumn, and the monarchs secretly swore to make common cause against Napoleon. Had Prussian forces been engaged against the French in 1805, this might have contained Napoleon and prevented the eventual Allied disaster at
2922:. At Jena, Napoleon fought only a contingent of the Prussian army. At Auerstedt a single French corps defeated the bulk of the Prussian army, despite being heavily outnumbered. Victory at Auerstedt was all but secured once the
2752:. Another course of action might have involved openly declaring war the previous year and joining Austria and Russia in the Third Coalition. In fact, the Tsar had visited the Prussian king and queen at the tomb of
1697:
2499:
Despite the end of the Fourth Coalition, Britain remained at war with France. War would return to Continental Europe later in 1807, when Napoleon decided to invade Portugal in order to compel Portugal to join the
2961:; upon establishing his artillery on the heights, Bernadotte compelled the Prussians to withdraw from Jena and Auerstedt. Napoleon, believing Bernadotte to be a coward due to his absence in either battle, nearly
1826:
2802:
would march uniformly together in close supporting distance. If any single corps was attacked, the others could quickly spring into action and arrive to help. Napoleon unleashed all French forces east of the
2440:
on 7–8 February 1807. Napoleon's advance on the Russian frontier was briefly checked during the spring as he revitalized his army with fresh supplies. Russian forces were finally crushed by the French at the
1801:
2773:
would be Prussia's sole German ally. Napoleon could scarcely believe Prussia would be so foolish to take him on in a straight fight with hardly any allies at hand on its side, especially since most of his
1836:
3222:, Marshal Bernadotte first came to the attention of the Swedish authorities. This would set in motion a chain of events that eventually led to him being elected heir to the Swedish throne, and later King
1781:
2953:
late in the day due to the poor state of the roads. Apolda sits on strategically important heights between Auerstedt to the North and Jena to the South, and Napoleon had ordered Bernadotte to move to
2520:
The Fourth Coalition (1806–1807) of Great Britain, Prussia, Russia, Saxony, and Sweden formed against France within months of the collapse of the previous coalition. Following his triumph at the
2833:. Each corps would be in mutual supporting distance of each other, both within the column and laterally to the other columns (once through the difficult passage of the forest), thus allowing the
3126:
in early April, 1807. On 18 April, France and Sweden agreed to a ceasefire. However, Swedish refusal to join the Continental System led to a second invasion of Swedish Pomerania led by Marshal
3244:
with France, by which in return for the alliance and passage of French armies through its realm, Spain would receive Portuguese territory. In November 1807, after the refusal of Prince Regent
2405:, and there was no intervening period of general peace. On 9 October 1806, Prussia declared war on France and joined a renewed coalition, fearing the rise in French power after the defeat of
1761:
2640:. This convention was modified in a formal treaty two months later, with one clause in effect promising to give Hanover to Prussia in exchange for Ansbach's being awarded to France's ally
1816:
1841:
3079:
that had escalated from anti-conscription rioting. Napoleon then turned north to confront the approaching Russian armies and to attempt to capture the temporary Prussian capital at
1883:
2860:, then wheeling westward in order to envelop the left flank of where he believed the Prussians were located and thus cut off their communications and line of retreat to Berlin.
3982:
2215:
4892:
2583:
between the two powers. With Britain still retaining its dominance of the seas, Napoleon looked to break this dominance (after his defeat of Prussia) with his issuance of the
1831:
1590:
2627:
Finally, Prussia had remained at peace with France the previous year, though it did come close to joining the Allies in the Third Coalition. A French corps led by Marshal
1731:
1704:
1806:
1771:
3099:(7–8 February) forced the Russians to withdraw further north. After spending much of the spring recuperating his forces, Napoleon finally routed the Russian army at
1557:
3000:
on 27 October 1806 and visited the tomb of Frederick the Great, telling his marshals to show their respect, saying, "If he were alive we wouldn't be here today".
1242:
1100:
1332:
2544:, a German state in personal union with the British monarchy that had been occupied by France since 1803. Dispute over this state would eventually become a
109:
5250:
2488:. At the end of the war, there was peace on Continental Europe with Napoleon as master of almost all of western and central continental Europe, except for
3856:
1846:
3899:
3271:
3054:
2727:
4061:
1583:
1262:
6807:
4425:
2899:
1247:
741:
597:
7131:
7104:
1958:
4751:
2966:
561:
7216:
7191:
2888:
541:
110:
6802:
4328:
4189:
2915:
2713:, but his duplicity regarding Hanover dashed this. A final spark leading to war was the summary arrest and execution of German nationalist
2672:
doctrine of maintaining France's "natural frontiers"). The formation of the Confederation was the final nail in the coffin of the moribund
1576:
509:
2988:
Some 160,000 French soldiers fought against Prussia increasing in number as the campaign went on, with reinforcements arriving across the
5119:
2398:
1690:
736:
724:
298:
112:
3798:
3199:(September–October 1808) Napoleon and Alexander agreed that Russia should force Sweden to join the Continental System, which led to the
7231:
7206:
4747:
3955:
2769:
was crushed. When Prussia did declare war against France in 1806, its main ally the Russians still remained far away remobilising. The
2008:
1776:
1507:
1093:
5047:
2765:. In any event, Prussia vacillated in the face of the swift French invasion of Austria and then hastily professed neutrality once the
450:
5067:
4927:
1325:
621:
6712:
7196:
7074:
6732:
5109:
4661:
4145:
4132:
4117:
4083:
3889:
3849:
1973:
1908:
1893:
1868:
4228:
4078:
1863:
4842:
4447:
4430:
4420:
4408:
4361:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4257:
4252:
4122:
4095:
3241:
2788:
detailing the plan for the campaign, Napoleon described the essential features of Napoleonic warfare and introduced the phrase
1898:
1873:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1619:
729:
7236:
6932:
6832:
6752:
3987:
3977:
3824:
3772:
3753:
3734:
3715:
3692:
3662:
3631:
3590:
3432:
3407:
2744:
made the decision to go to war independently of any other great power, save the distant Russia, influenced by his wife Queen
2456:. The treaty was particularly harsh on Prussia, however, as Napoleon demanded much of the Prussian territory along the lower
1756:
1751:
1736:
1086:
573:
3215:. Due to the Continental System, Britain was yet again still at war with Napoleon and was not affected by the peace treaty.
7176:
7156:
6637:
4852:
4632:
4150:
2417:
to Britain in exchange for peace. Prussia and Russia mobilized for a fresh campaign with France, massing troops in Saxony.
2335:
1537:
1318:
111:
7226:
6727:
5169:
1547:
6365:
7008:
5609:
5027:
4880:
4860:
4403:
4206:
4172:
3842:
3565:
2465:
2401:
also contributing. Excluding Prussia, some members of the coalition had previously been fighting France as part of the
1527:
1512:
438:
6927:
6922:
6907:
6890:
6885:
6880:
6875:
6747:
6722:
6350:
5179:
4829:
4743:
4713:
4553:
4487:
3500:
3189:
3171:
1766:
1446:
1429:
1417:
1405:
1385:
1368:
1363:
70:
48:
41:
6937:
6792:
6772:
5281:
4519:
4035:
2741:
1475:
1470:
705:
497:
463:
6797:
5052:
3170:, Britain and Sweden remained the only two major coalition members still at war with France. Russia soon declared
2813:
along the frontier of southern Saxony. In a preemptive strike to catch the Prussians unaware, the Emperor had the
529:
7201:
7181:
7013:
6842:
6717:
6073:
5478:
4793:
4040:
4030:
3018:, eventually to link up with the approaching Russians and continue the fight. Meanwhile, on 11 December 1806 the
1978:
1272:
7211:
7186:
7053:
6737:
6682:
6677:
6033:
5911:
5554:
5432:
5255:
4612:
4534:
3076:
3072:
2745:
2681:
2485:
1953:
1948:
1532:
1198:
475:
410:
7119:
4780:
7221:
7109:
7079:
5740:
5032:
4920:
4286:
4177:
3894:
3865:
1988:
1649:
1614:
1542:
1522:
946:
585:
398:
393:
6687:
6420:
6319:
5987:
7099:
6837:
6012:
5760:
5675:
5387:
5099:
4730:
4524:
4235:
3059:
2934:
2489:
2421:
2243:
2191:
2013:
1923:
1139:
124:
4775:
3729:(Rev. ed.). London : Mechanicsburg, Pa: Greenhill Books ; Stackpole Books. pp. 57–83.
6138:
5840:
5574:
5528:
5523:
5296:
5240:
4887:
4666:
4636:
4127:
3175:
2732:
2424:
on 14 October 1806. French forces under Napoleon occupied Prussia, pursued the remnants of the shattered
2303:
1903:
1821:
1746:
633:
5452:
2436:, Poland and the Russian frontier, where they fought an inconclusive battle against the Russians at the
2046:
1232:
867:
7166:
7161:
7084:
6895:
6777:
6511:
5916:
5800:
5503:
5235:
5057:
4983:
4969:
4948:
4865:
4600:
4588:
3909:
3884:
3291:
3286:
3223:
3204:
3127:
3084:
3027:
2710:
2660:
2525:
2410:
2402:
2331:
2313:
2285:
2228:
2208:
2140:
2106:
2094:
2039:
1943:
1928:
1671:
1464:
1435:
1395:
1357:
1287:
807:
657:
362:
220:
6817:
6642:
6209:
819:
6978:
6647:
6440:
6219:
6163:
6113:
5992:
5745:
5725:
5569:
5518:
5493:
5422:
5402:
5321:
5222:
4976:
4698:
4605:
4014:
3585:. Oxford history of modern Europe (1. paperback ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp. 305–10.
3131:
3123:
2563:
2559:
2299:
2123:
1457:
1210:
1186:
1176:
753:
6234:
5865:
5845:
5655:
5341:
5077:
3992:
3792:
2690:
7171:
6973:
6757:
6597:
6415:
6214:
6158:
6153:
6088:
6017:
5885:
5785:
5624:
5564:
5412:
4913:
4693:
4656:
2938:
2895:
2628:
2592:
2532:
1855:
1166:
35:
6672:
6345:
5680:
951:
7251:
7246:
7241:
7023:
6692:
6546:
6118:
6038:
5926:
5795:
5780:
5715:
5710:
5483:
5417:
5311:
5194:
4703:
4681:
4671:
4435:
4413:
4395:
4215:
4070:
3967:
2317:
1786:
1600:
1552:
1497:
1277:
1171:
6998:
6284:
6249:
5336:
3624:
Warfare and armed conflicts: a statistical encyclopedia of casualty and other figures, 1492-2015
3402:. Significant figures in world history. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 74.
975:
7058:
7018:
7003:
6983:
6958:
6812:
6556:
6471:
6435:
6430:
6425:
6405:
6395:
6299:
6254:
6239:
5770:
5488:
5392:
5367:
5326:
5276:
5260:
4770:
4648:
4373:
4356:
4323:
3816:
3212:
3143:
2339:
2257:
1811:
1714:
1390:
1282:
1146:
52:
6963:
5650:
4539:
4316:
4245:
3555:
2607:
1933:
6762:
6662:
6526:
6521:
6516:
6466:
6355:
6279:
6269:
6103:
6043:
5972:
5805:
5755:
5690:
5685:
5362:
5189:
5072:
4875:
4803:
4686:
4676:
4512:
4240:
2997:
2641:
2600:
2571:
2541:
2473:
2469:
2420:
Napoleon decisively defeated the Prussians in an expeditious campaign that culminated at the
2414:
1624:
1156:
831:
765:
645:
445:
241:
128:
5695:
5291:
3808:
7043:
6993:
6607:
6496:
6486:
6461:
6360:
6294:
6108:
6098:
6078:
6058:
5967:
5947:
5825:
5619:
5544:
5346:
4507:
4378:
4003:
3879:
2911:
2770:
2762:
2685:
2521:
2390:
2232:
1517:
1257:
843:
311:
6667:
5921:
5790:
5730:
5629:
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4383:
4343:
3815:. Oxford history of modern Europe (Reprinted ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp.
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8:
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136:
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206:
189:
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3626:(4th ed.). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers.
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was sent to Sweden (May 1808) to protect against any possible Franco-Danish invasion.
891:
6445:
6410:
6380:
6340:
6314:
6304:
6259:
6229:
6183:
6128:
6048:
5997:
5977:
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5931:
5875:
5835:
5660:
5594:
5589:
5447:
5377:
5230:
5149:
5144:
4798:
4617:
4593:
4529:
4442:
4333:
4045:
3972:
3820:
3809:
3778:
3768:
3749:
3730:
3711:
3704:
3688:
3658:
3651:
3627:
3586:
3561:
3496:
3465:
3428:
3403:
3139:
3111:
3088:
3023:
2876:
2826:
2673:
2669:
2579:
2321:
2273:
1741:
1492:
1441:
1237:
1227:
1129:
958:
422:
417:
405:
339:
5901:
6968:
6852:
6652:
6491:
6390:
6375:
6224:
6173:
6093:
6002:
5957:
5906:
5820:
5705:
5614:
5604:
5498:
5437:
5199:
4762:
4622:
4561:
4494:
4472:
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4311:
4291:
4160:
3457:
3372:
3159:
3104:
2863:
2537:
2289:
1655:
1191:
963:
669:
545:
513:
6742:
4808:
2562:, wishing to provoke war, ostentatiously sharpen their swords on the steps of the
2554:
6847:
6782:
6767:
6657:
6541:
6531:
6506:
6481:
6309:
6143:
5665:
5473:
5397:
5372:
5124:
5012:
4936:
4813:
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4182:
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1267:
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939:
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237:
194:
132:
92:
7114:
2704:
2373:) was a war spanning 1806–1807 that saw a multinational coalition fight against
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6561:
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6264:
6063:
5815:
5159:
5139:
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4571:
3672:
Bodart, Gaston; Westergaard, Harald; Kellogg, Vernon L. (Vernon Lyman) (1916).
3281:
3254:
3248:
to join the Continental System, Napoleon sent an army into Spain under General
3188:), opening a second front against Sweden. A short British expedition under Sir
2505:
2386:
2269:
2253:
2174:
2157:
1487:
1423:
712:
700:
688:
676:
664:
652:
640:
284:
216:
167:
96:
5174:
3067:
Towards the end of 1806, the French entered Poland and Napoleon created a new
2504:. A joint Franco-Spanish force invaded Britain's ally Portugal, beginning the
1078:
7150:
6602:
5306:
5164:
5094:
3469:
3034:
2962:
2645:
2644:. In addition, on 15 March 1806 Napoleon elevated his brother-in-law Marshal
2584:
2425:
903:
327:
3834:
3782:
3103:(14 June). Following this defeat, Alexander sued for peace with Napoleon at
3080:
3015:
2883:, debouching from the passage of the forest, crushed a Prussian division at
5154:
4990:
4725:
4482:
4223:
3791:
3011:
2481:
2433:
2349:
2077:
1481:
3363:
Driault, Edouard (July 1919). "The Coalition of Europe Against Napoleon".
3146:, had allowed the Swedish army to withdraw with all its munitions of war.
6942:
6912:
6900:
6857:
6612:
4627:
3922:
3266:
3200:
3184:
3095:
during the turn of the year were thwarted. A tactical and bloody draw at
2880:
2546:
1451:
1412:
1400:
855:
3931:
3448:
Sloane, William M. (1 June 1898). "The Continental System of Napoleon".
2784:
The initial military manoeuvres began in September 1806. In a letter to
6627:
4112:
4107:
3477:
3384:
3142:; the resulting armistice, agreed by Marshal Brune and Swedish general
3110:
Meanwhile, Swedish involvement was primarily concerned with protecting
2992:
bridgehead from the peripheral theatre surrounding the recently formed
2980:
2413:
in addition to having learned of French plans to cede Prussian-desired
1878:
915:
3943:
2452:
in July 1807, France made peace with Russia, which agreed to join the
1568:
3605:
3119:
2919:
2830:
2664:
1888:
1682:
3687:. Osprey military campaign series (Repr. ed.). Oxford: Osprey.
3461:
3427:. Osprey military campaign series (Repr. ed.). Oxford: Osprey.
3376:
6592:
4870:
2954:
2946:
2942:
2677:
2374:
4905:
3675:
Losses of life in modern wars : Austria-Hungary : France
3135:
3083:. In pursuit of this aim, twice his attempts to entrap and defeat
2468:. Respectively, these acquisitions were incorporated into the new
1310:
3998:
2857:
2757:
2632:
2018:
3207:) and to the division of Sweden into two parts separated by the
3154:
2512:
would be assembled when Austria re-joined the conflict in 1809.
2445:
on 14 June 1807, and three days later Russia asked for a truce.
2381:, subsequently being defeated. The main coalition partners were
2958:
2950:
2845:
2841:
2749:
2429:
760:
748:
322:
2989:
2849:
2804:
2457:
3329:
3400:
Napoléon Bonaparte: a reference guide to his life and works
3346:
3344:
3319:
3317:
3315:
3313:
3311:
3309:
3307:
2974:
2907:
2853:
2659:
Another cause was Napoleon's formation in July 1806 of the
2461:
3531:
3529:
2508:
where Napoleon would also invade Spain as well. A further
3983:
Bolesław I's intervention in the Kievan succession crisis
2825:(battalion square) in three parallel columns through the
2604:
in the war until late 1806 when Napoleon entered Poland.
3765:
The end of the old order: Napoleon and Europe, 1801-1805
3671:
3341:
3304:
3203:
of 1808–1809 (meaning Sweden played no role in the next
3075:. The area of the duchy had already been liberated by a
3048:
3526:
2898:
on 14 October, Napoleon smashed a Prussian army led by
2663:
out of the various German states which constituted the
3026:
to a kingdom upon allying with France and joining the
2611:
The participants of the War of the Fourth Coalition.
1558:
Portuguese invasion of the Banda Oriental (1811–1812)
3811:
The transformation of European politics, 1763 - 1848
3583:
The transformation of European politics, 1763 - 1848
3727:
A military history and atlas of the Napoleonic wars
3710:(2nd ed.). New York: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
2848:and formulated a general plan of a thrust down the
3725:Esposito, Vincent J.; Elting, John Robert (1999).
3703:
3650:
3272:List of battles of the War of the Fourth Coalition
3055:List of battles of the War of the Fourth Coalition
2977:river, this redeeming himself in Napoleon's eyes.
2728:List of battles of the War of the Fourth Coalition
3802:. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). pp. 212–236.
3701:
3124:pushed the French forces out of Swedish Pomerania
7148:
3767:. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press. pp. 141ff.
3553:
2900:Frederick Louis, Prince of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen
289:
105:
7105:England expects that every man will do his duty
3218:In negotiations with captured Swedes after the
3118:, the Swedes successfully defended the fort of
2875:, a Prussian division was brushed aside in the
2871:On 8 October 1806, after a cavalry skirmish at
2615:: The Coalition and their colonies and allies.
1108:
215:and later in 1807 with the commencement of the
120:Click an image to load the appropriate article.
108:
4194:Ottoman–Tatar Invasion of Lithuania and Poland
3900:Military of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
3724:
4921:
3864:
3850:
3606:Maps of Napoleon's Campaign In Poland 1806–07
3490:
3158:Prussia (orange) and its territories lost at
2969:'s previously untouched Reserve corps at the
1698:
1584:
1326:
1094:
219:, and expand in 1809 with the formation of a
3004:
2916:Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick
2834:
2820:
2814:
2808:
2797:
2775:
2702:
2496:, Austria and several other smaller states.
4190:Polish–Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1534–1537)
4178:Polish–Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1512–1522)
3236:On 27 October 1807, Spain's Prime Minister
3045:was not a powerful weapon of economic war.
2967:Eugene Frederick Henry, Duke of Württemberg
4928:
4914:
4036:Second Mongol invasion of Poland (1259/60)
3857:
3843:
3621:
3350:
3335:
3323:
2684:, formally abolished the empire. Napoleon
2540:. One point of contention was the fate of
2409:and establishment of the French-sponsored
1705:
1691:
1591:
1577:
1333:
1319:
1101:
1087:
4041:Third Mongol invasion of Poland (1287/88)
4031:First Mongol invasion of Poland (1240/41)
3806:
3657:. New York: New York : Basic Books.
3580:
3033:On 21 November 1806, Napoleon issued the
2879:on 9 October. The following day, Marshal
2631:had illegally violated the neutrality of
2623:, its protectorates, colonies and allies.
71:Learn how and when to remove this message
16:1806–1807 conflict of the Napoleonic Wars
4329:War of the Polish Succession (1587–1588)
3702:David G. Chandler (1973). "Chs. 39–54".
3682:
3422:
3182:joined the war on the side of Napoleon (
3153:
3058:
3030:, thereby leaving the Allied Coalition.
2979:
2862:
2731:
2606:
2553:
234:Prussia loses over half of its territory
34:This article includes a list of general
3890:History of Polish intelligence services
3362:
1598:
1508:Linois's expedition to the Indian Ocean
7149:
5251:Planned invasion of the United Kingdom
4843:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia
3746:Napoleon, master of Europe 1805 - 1807
3649:Asprey, Robert B. (2001). "Chs. 1–8".
3648:
3447:
3211:. The eastern part became the Russian
3138:, thus leaving France in control over
2965:him. On 17 October, Bernadotte mauled
1712:
6933:Spanish American wars of independence
4909:
4236:Northern Seven Years' War (1563–1570)
3838:
3789:
3762:
3743:
3538:
3515:
3397:
3049:Polish, Russian and Swedish campaigns
2867:Jena-Auerstedt Campaign, October 1806
1686:
1572:
1314:
1082:
7217:Wars involving the Kingdom of Sicily
7192:Wars involving the Kingdom of Naples
4426:Polish–Cossack–Tatar War (1666–1671)
4079:Teutonic takeover of Danzig (Gdańsk)
3685:Jena 1806: Napoleon destroys Prussia
3560:. Canary Press eBooks. p. 264.
3519:Napoleon's Conquest of Prussia--1806
3425:Jena 1806: Napoleon destroys Prussia
2721:
2432:. They then advanced all the way to
1538:British invasions of the River Plate
20:
6918:Franco-Swedish War (Pomeranian War)
4935:
4662:Greater Poland uprising (1918–1919)
3253:occupiers and the beginning of the
2464:and in what was part of the former
1340:
13:
3641:
2740:In August 1806, the Prussian king
2242:Fourth Coalition: Prussia 1806:...
104:
40:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
7263:
7232:Wars involving the United Kingdom
7207:Wars involving the Russian Empire
2796:system, the various corps of the
2524:and the subsequent demise of the
6793:Frederick William III of Prussia
6773:Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly
4448:War of the Holy League 1683–1699
4151:Lithuanian Civil War (1432–1438)
3942:
3930:
3921:
3790:Maude, Frederic Natusch (1911).
3678:. Oxford : Clarendon Press.
3557:Conflicts that Changed the World
3063:Aftermath of the Battle of Eylau
2371:Guerre de la Quatrième Coalition
2207:
2190:
2173:
2156:
2139:
2122:
2105:
2093:
2076:
2052:
2045:
2038:
981:
969:
957:
945:
933:
921:
909:
897:
885:
873:
861:
849:
837:
825:
813:
801:
789:
777:
759:
747:
735:
723:
711:
706:Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly
699:
687:
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663:
651:
639:
627:
615:
603:
591:
579:
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555:
535:
523:
503:
491:
469:
457:
444:
432:
416:
404:
392:
380:
368:
348:
333:
321:
305:
291:
277:
265:
25:
6913:Russo-Swedish War (Finnish War)
6843:Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies
4431:Polish–Ottoman War of 1672–1676
4421:Polish–Ottoman War of 1633–1634
4409:Polish–Ottoman War of 1620–1621
4362:Polish–Russian War of 1609–1618
4280:Polish–Swedish War of 1626–1629
4275:Polish–Swedish War of 1621–1625
4270:Polish–Swedish War of 1617–1618
4258:Polish–Swedish War of 1600–1611
4253:Polish–Swedish War of 1600–1629
4146:Władysław the White's rebellion
4133:Polish–Teutonic War (1519–1521)
4118:Polish–Teutonic War (1431–1435)
4084:Polish–Teutonic War (1326–1332)
3653:The reign of Napoleon Bonaparte
3615:
3599:
3574:
3547:
3516:Petre, Francis Loraine (1914).
3134:and the Swedish army abandoned
7197:Wars involving the Netherlands
6828:Prince Regent John of Portugal
6738:Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor
6683:Frederick Augustus I of Saxony
6678:Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria
4613:Greater Poland uprising (1848)
4404:Moldavian campaign (1497–1499)
4173:Moldavian campaign (1497–1499)
3509:
3495:. A&C Black. p. 124.
3484:
3441:
3416:
3391:
3365:The American Historical Review
3356:
3130:. Stralsund fell on 24 August
3073:Frederick Augustus I of Saxony
3071:, to be ruled by his new ally
2591:. Britain retaliated with its
2466:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1:
6853:Prince Charles John of Sweden
4520:Russo–Polish War of 1654–1667
4488:Siege of Smolensk (1632–1633)
4161:1444 war against the Ottomans
3988:German–Polish War (1028–1031)
3978:German–Polish War (1003–1018)
3895:List of wars involving Poland
3297:
3229:As for the French, after the
2807:, deploying the corps of the
2792:("square battalion"). In the
1523:Second Archipelago Expedition
1518:British conquest of Cape Town
530:Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher
122:Left to right, top to bottom:
4530:War of the Bar Confederation
4525:War of the Polish Succession
3793:"Napoleonic Campaigns"
3763:Kagan, Frederick W. (2007).
3622:Clodfelter, Micheal (2017).
3522:. John Lane. pp. v–vii.
3176:British attack on Copenhagen
3114:. Despite being defeated at
2484:, ruled by his new ally the
211:Hostilities resume with the
199:French occupation of Prussia
150:9 October 1806 – 9 July 1807
7:
7157:War of the Fourth Coalition
4888:Russian invasion of Ukraine
4781:Częstochowa Ghetto uprising
4577:War of the Fourth Coalition
4229:campaign of Stephen Báthory
3807:Schroeder, Paul W. (1994).
3683:Chandler, David G. (1993).
3581:Schroeder, Paul W. (1996).
3450:Political Science Quarterly
3423:Chandler, David G. (2007).
3260:
3003:In total, Napoleon and the
2887:, where the popular Prince
2363:War of the Fourth Coalition
1667:War of the Fourth Coalition
1112:War of the Fourth Coalition
86:War of the Fourth Coalition
10:
7268:
7237:Wars involving Württemberg
7227:Wars involving Switzerland
6688:Frederick I of Württemberg
5058:Confederation of the Rhine
4866:Operation Uphold Democracy
4601:War of the Sixth Coalition
4589:War of the Fifth Coalition
4535:Polish–Russian War of 1792
3910:Warfare in Medieval Poland
3885:History of the Polish Army
3535:Chandler 1966, pp. 467–468
3292:War of the Third Coalition
3287:War of the Fifth Coalition
3224:Charles XIV John of Sweden
3205:coalition against Napoleon
3149:
3052:
3028:Confederation of the Rhine
2725:
2711:North German Confederation
2697:, to the status of kings.
2676:and subsequently its last
2661:Confederation of the Rhine
2587:and the beginnings of his
2515:
2411:Confederation of the Rhine
1672:War of the Sixth Coalition
742:William Cavendish-Bentinck
658:Levin August von Bennigsen
586:Anton Wilhelm von L'Estocq
363:Confederation of the Rhine
7067:
6951:
6866:
6848:Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden
6838:William, Prince of Orange
6701:
6648:Pierre-Charles Villeneuve
6581:
6574:
6454:
6333:
6197:
6026:
5940:
5894:
5643:
5537:
5461:
5355:
5269:
5221:
5212:
5108:
5009:
5000:
4977:French Invasion of Russia
4943:
4851:
4828:
4789:
4776:Białystok Ghetto uprising
4761:
4721:
4712:
4647:
4606:French invasion of Russia
4552:
4465:
4394:
4307:
4287:Northern War of 1655–1660
4214:
4205:
4141:
4069:
4060:
4023:
3963:
3954:
3916:
3872:
3866:Polish wars and conflicts
3706:The Campaigns of Napoleon
3554:Rodney Castleden (2008).
3037:to bring into effect the
2984:The Siege of Danzig, 1807
2973:and chased it across the
2300:French invasion of Russia
1724:
1610:
1458:French invasion of Russia
1352:
1120:
996:
481:
251:
142:
102:
90:
85:
6758:Archduke John of Austria
6753:Prince von Schwarzenberg
6598:Louis-Alexandre Berthier
4694:Second Silesian Uprising
4011:1156 war against Germany
4008:1146 war against Germany
3744:Horne, Alistair (1979).
2939:Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte
2935:Battle of Jena-Auerstedt
2896:Battle of Jena-Auerstedt
2564:French embassy in Berlin
2560:Prussian Gardes du Corps
2422:Battle of Jena–Auerstedt
868:François Joseph Lefebvre
808:Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte
125:Battle of Jena–Auerstedt
115:War of the 4th Coalition
7177:Poland–Sweden relations
6693:Frederick VI of Denmark
6643:Jean-Baptiste Bessières
5433:Greater Poland uprising
5256:Duc d'Enghien Execution
4893:Military aid to Ukraine
4704:Third Silesian Uprising
4672:First Silesian Uprising
4667:Polish–Czechoslovak War
4436:Battle of Chocim (1673)
4414:Battle of Chocim (1621)
3799:Encyclopædia Britannica
3242:Treaty of Fontainebleau
3091:and in the vicinity of
3087:'s Russian 1st Army at
2998:Napoleon entered Berlin
2648:to become ruler of the
1498:Minor campaigns of 1815
1199:Greater Poland Uprising
1046:Confederation of Rhine:
820:Jean-Baptiste Bessières
202:Franco-Russian alliance
55:more precise citations.
7202:Wars involving Prussia
7182:Wars involving Bavaria
6813:Ferdinand VII of Spain
5261:Coronation of Napoleon
4771:Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
4714:World War II in Poland
4374:Zebrzydowski rebellion
4357:Moldavian Magnate Wars
4324:Siege of Danzig (1577)
3491:Michael Adams (2014).
3398:Meeks, Joshua (2019).
3213:Grand Duchy of Finland
3163:
3144:Johan Christopher Toll
3064:
3005:
2985:
2868:
2835:
2821:
2815:
2809:
2798:
2776:
2737:
2703:
2624:
2595:several months later.
2567:
2558:Officers of the élite
2370:
1391:First Serbian Uprising
542:Prince Louis Ferdinand
482:Commanders and leaders
116:
7212:Wars involving Saxony
7187:Wars involving France
7100:Conference of Dresden
7009:Paris (February 1812)
6938:Swedish–Norwegian War
6763:Alexander I of Russia
4876:2003 invasion of Iraq
4804:Operation Ostra Brama
4699:Polish–Lithuanian War
4513:Battle of Berestechko
4241:War against Sigismund
4015:Galicia–Volhynia Wars
3157:
3062:
2983:
2866:
2748:and the war party in
2742:Frederick William III
2735:
2610:
2566:in the autumn of 1806
2557:
2531:Despite the death of
2472:, led by his brother
2470:Kingdom of Westphalia
1476:Swedish-Norwegian War
952:Eugène de Beauharnais
766:Hans Henric von Essen
498:Frederick William III
242:Kingdom of Westphalia
114:
7222:Wars involving Spain
7054:Fontainebleau (1814)
6608:Louis-Nicolas Davout
5529:Invasion of Portugal
4657:Polish–Ukrainian War
4508:Khmelnytsky Uprising
4071:Polish–Teutonic wars
3880:Early modern warfare
3748:. New York: Morrow.
2912:Louis-Nicolas Davout
2910:, while his Marshal
2771:Electorate of Saxony
2670:French revolutionary
2522:Battle of Austerlitz
1513:West Indies campaign
1073:18,000 (not engaged)
1067:40,000 (not engaged)
1061:40,000 (not engaged)
976:Jan Henryk Dąbrowski
844:Louis-Nicolas Davout
7080:Bourbon Restoration
6823:Maria I of Portugal
6808:Prince of Hohenlohe
6798:Gebhard von Blücher
5741:Neumarkt-Sankt Veit
5048:Swiss Confederation
4754:during World War II
4540:Kościuszko Uprising
4504:1644 Tatar Invasion
4478:Fedorovych uprising
4469:1624 Tatar Invasion
4396:Polish–Ottoman wars
4348:1593 Tatar Invasion
4340:1589 Tatar Invasion
4317:Battle of Lubieszów
4246:Battle of Stångebro
4216:Polish–Swedish wars
4123:Thirteen Years' War
3993:Miecław's Rebellion
3968:Polish–Veletian War
3905:Polish Armed Forces
3873:General and related
3544:Brooks 2000, p. 110
3493:Napoleon and Russia
3338:, pp. 150–151.
3172:war against Britain
2819:march as a massive
2754:Frederick the Great
2715:Johann Philipp Palm
2650:Grand Duchy of Berg
2621:First French Empire
2574:and the peripheral
2443:Battle of Friedland
1602:Polish–Swedish wars
451:Swiss Confederation
316:(until 11 Dec 1806)
137:Battle of Friedland
7095:Continental System
7090:Congress of Erfurt
7014:Paris (March 1812)
6788:Peter Wittgenstein
6713:Duke of Wellington
6668:Prince Poniatowski
6633:Jean-de-Dieu Soult
6618:Auguste de Marmont
6013:Arroyo dos Molinos
5861:Walcheren Campaign
5851:Armistice of Znaim
5746:Dalmatian Campaign
5671:Tyrolean Rebellion
4881:Occupation of Iraq
4861:War in Afghanistan
4738:Invasion of Poland
4633:fighting in Poland
4554:Poland partitioned
4500:Ostryanyn uprising
4352:Nalyvaiko Uprising
4299:Great Northern War
4263:Battle of Kircholm
4156:Battle of Grotniki
4128:War of the Priests
4101:Battle of Grunwald
3250:Jean-Andoche Junot
3197:Congress of Erfurt
3168:Treaties of Tilsit
3164:
3065:
3043:Continental System
3039:Continental System
2994:Kingdom of Holland
2986:
2885:Battle of Saalfeld
2869:
2790:le bataillon-carré
2738:
2625:
2589:Continental System
2568:
2502:Continental System
2454:Continental System
2450:Treaties of Tilsit
2288:: Austria 1809:...
2256:: Portugal 1807...
2231:: Germany 1803:...
1716:Polish–German Wars
1374:Franco-Swedish War
1070:French in Holland:
1040:French in Germany:
928:Jean-de-Dieu Soult
427:(from 11 Dec 1806)
213:Franco-Swedish War
207:Continental System
190:Treaties of Tilsit
117:
7167:Conflicts in 1807
7162:Conflicts in 1806
7144:
7143:
7140:
7139:
7132:Types of military
6928:Russo-Turkish War
6923:Russo-Persian War
6891:Anglo-Turkish War
6886:Anglo-Swedish War
6881:Anglo-Spanish War
6876:Anglo-Russian War
6803:Duke of Brunswick
6706:political leaders
6586:political leaders
6570:
6569:
5575:Medina de Rioseco
5297:Haslach-Jungingen
5231:French Revolution
5208:
5207:
4991:Seventh Coalition
4903:
4902:
4838:Racibórz Conflict
4830:People's Republic
4824:
4823:
4799:Operation Tempest
4677:Polish–Soviet War
4618:November Uprising
4594:Austro-Polish War
4582:Prussian campaign
4548:
4547:
4443:Great Turkish War
4384:Battle of Humenné
4379:Thirty Years' War
4367:Battle of Kłuszyn
4344:Kosiński uprising
4334:Battle of Byczyna
4201:
4200:
4113:Gollub War (1422)
4108:Hunger War (1414)
4056:
4055:
4046:Battle of Legnica
3997:1072 war against
3973:Battle of Cedynia
3826:978-0-19-822119-7
3774:978-0-306-81137-1
3755:978-0-688-03500-6
3736:978-1-85367-346-7
3717:978-0-02-523660-8
3694:978-1-85532-285-1
3664:978-0-465-00481-2
3633:978-0-7864-7470-7
3592:978-0-19-820654-5
3434:978-1-85532-285-1
3409:978-1-5381-1350-9
3140:Swedish Pomerania
3112:Swedish Pomerania
2941:had marched from
2928:Duke of Auerstedt
2924:Duke of Brunswick
2877:Battle of Schleiz
2827:Franconian Forest
2722:Prussian campaign
2674:Holy Roman Empire
2593:Orders in Council
2476:and into the new
2027:
2026:
1727:Holy Roman Empire
1680:
1679:
1566:
1565:
1528:Adriatic campaign
1493:Waterloo campaign
1482:Seventh Coalition
1447:Anglo-Swedish War
1442:Austro-Polish War
1430:Anglo-Russian War
1418:Anglo-Turkish War
1386:Russo-Turkish War
1369:Russo-Persian War
1364:Anglo-Spanish War
1308:
1307:
1205:Swedish Pomerania
1124:Prussian campaign
1077:
1076:
1064:French in Naples:
988:Józef Poniatowski
730:William Grenville
259:Fourth Coalition:
247:
246:
81:
80:
73:
7259:
6908:Dano-Swedish War
6896:Anglo-Danish War
6748:Archduke Charles
6663:Jérôme Bonaparte
6579:
6578:
6512:Castel di Sangro
6421:Fère-Champenoise
6074:García Hernández
5988:Fuentes de Oñoro
5504:Guttstadt-Deppen
5241:Second Coalition
5219:
5218:
5200:French Royalists
5007:
5006:
4956:Fourth Coalition
4930:
4923:
4916:
4907:
4906:
4794:Italian Campaign
4763:Ghetto uprisings
4750:, and
4719:
4718:
4682:Battle of Warsaw
4623:January Uprising
4562:Denisko uprising
4495:Pavlyuk uprising
4473:Zhmaylo uprising
4453:Battle of Vienna
4312:Danzig rebellion
4212:
4211:
4089:Battle of Płowce
4067:
4066:
4062:Jagiellon Poland
4024:Mongol invasions
3961:
3960:
3946:
3934:
3925:
3859:
3852:
3845:
3836:
3835:
3830:
3814:
3803:
3795:
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3721:
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3488:
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3420:
3414:
3413:
3395:
3389:
3388:
3360:
3354:
3348:
3339:
3333:
3327:
3321:
3246:John of Portugal
3231:Treaty of Tilsit
3220:Battle of Lübeck
3077:popular uprising
3008:
2918:'s main army at
2904:Ernst von Rüchel
2838:
2824:
2818:
2812:
2801:
2779:
2708:
2618:
2614:
2570:Apart from some
2474:Jérôme Bonaparte
2347:
2329:
2311:
2297:
2283:
2267:
2251:
2240:
2226:
2217:
2211:
2204:
2199:
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2160:
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2148:
2143:
2136:
2131:
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2119:
2114:
2109:
2102:
2097:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2056:
2055:
2049:
2042:
1719:
1717:
1707:
1700:
1693:
1684:
1683:
1605:
1603:
1593:
1586:
1579:
1570:
1569:
1471:Dano-Swedish War
1406:Dano-Swedish War
1380:Fourth Coalition
1347:
1345:
1335:
1328:
1321:
1312:
1311:
1288:Guttstadt-Deppen
1115:
1113:
1103:
1096:
1089:
1080:
1079:
1058:French in Italy:
986:
985:
984:
974:
973:
972:
962:
961:
950:
949:
938:
937:
936:
926:
925:
914:
913:
902:
901:
890:
889:
878:
877:
866:
865:
854:
853:
842:
841:
832:Jérôme Bonaparte
830:
829:
818:
817:
806:
805:
794:
793:
782:
781:
764:
763:
752:
751:
740:
739:
728:
727:
716:
715:
704:
703:
692:
691:
680:
679:
670:Mikhail Kamensky
668:
667:
656:
655:
644:
643:
632:
631:
622:Count Tauentzien
620:
619:
610:Ernst von Rüchel
608:
607:
596:
595:
584:
583:
574:Count Kalckreuth
572:
571:
560:
559:
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540:
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297:
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280:
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269:
236:Creation of the
205:Creation of the
144:
143:
107:
83:
82:
76:
69:
65:
62:
56:
51:this article by
42:inline citations
29:
28:
21:
7267:
7266:
7262:
7261:
7260:
7258:
7257:
7256:
7172:Napoleonic Wars
7147:
7146:
7145:
7136:
7063:
6947:
6868:
6862:
6818:Miguel de Álava
6783:Pyotr Bagration
6778:Count Bennigsen
6768:Mikhail Kutuzov
6733:Thomas Cochrane
6705:
6703:
6697:
6658:Louis Bonaparte
6585:
6583:
6582:French and ally
6566:
6450:
6366:Château-Thierry
6329:
6193:
6164:Maloyaroslavets
6022:
5936:
5890:
5681:Yevenes/Yébenes
5639:
5555:Rosily Squadron
5533:
5457:
5423:Waren-Nossentin
5351:
5282:Cape Finisterre
5265:
5236:First Coalition
5214:
5204:
5111:
5104:
5015:
5011:
5002:
4996:
4984:Sixth Coalition
4970:Fifth Coalition
4949:Third Coalition
4939:
4937:Napoleonic Wars
4934:
4904:
4899:
4847:
4820:
4814:Warsaw Uprising
4785:
4757:
4708:
4649:Second Republic
4643:
4567:Napoleonic Wars
4544:
4461:
4390:
4303:
4197:
4183:Battle of Orsha
4166:Battle of Varna
4137:
4052:
4019:
4004:Siege of Głogów
3950:
3949:
3938:
3914:
3868:
3863:
3833:
3827:
3775:
3756:
3737:
3718:
3695:
3665:
3644:
3642:Further reading
3634:
3618:
3613:
3612:
3604:
3600:
3593:
3579:
3575:
3568:
3552:
3548:
3543:
3539:
3534:
3527:
3514:
3510:
3503:
3489:
3485:
3462:10.2307/2140167
3446:
3442:
3435:
3421:
3417:
3410:
3396:
3392:
3377:10.2307/1835810
3361:
3357:
3351:Clodfelter 2017
3349:
3342:
3336:Clodfelter 2017
3334:
3330:
3324:Clodfelter 2017
3322:
3305:
3300:
3277:Napoleonic Wars
3263:
3238:Manuel de Godoy
3209:Gulf of Bothnia
3162:(other colours)
3152:
3107:(7 July 1807).
3069:Duchy of Warsaw
3057:
3051:
3020:Treaty of Posen
2971:Battle of Halle
2963:court-martialed
2949:and arrived at
2889:Louis Ferdinand
2852:valley towards
2822:bataillon carré
2794:bataillon-carré
2767:Third Coalition
2730:
2724:
2654:Duchy of Cleves
2616:
2612:
2576:Battle of Maida
2538:Peace of Amiens
2526:Third Coalition
2518:
2510:Fifth Coalition
2478:Duchy of Warsaw
2438:Battle of Eylau
2428:, and captured
2403:Third Coalition
2359:
2358:
2357:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2332:Sixth Coalition
2330:
2327:
2325:
2314:Sixth Coalition
2312:
2309:
2307:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2286:Fifth Coalition
2284:
2281:
2279:
2272:: Spain 1808...
2268:
2265:
2263:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2229:Third Coalition
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2218:
2214:
2212:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2053:
2050:
2043:
2035:
2033:Napoleonic Wars
2028:
2023:
1993:
1967:Weimar Republic
1963:
1913:
1851:
1791:
1720:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1681:
1676:
1606:
1601:
1599:
1597:
1567:
1562:
1504:
1465:Sixth Coalition
1436:Fifth Coalition
1358:Third Coalition
1348:
1344:Napoleonic Wars
1343:
1341:
1339:
1309:
1304:
1217:Polish campaign
1177:Waren-Nossentin
1116:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1072:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1054:
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1048:
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1038:
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1023:
1019:
1017:
1013:
1011:
1007:
1005:
992:
982:
980:
970:
968:
956:
944:
934:
932:
920:
908:
896:
892:Édouard Mortier
884:
872:
860:
848:
836:
824:
812:
800:
796:Pierre Augereau
788:
776:
770:
758:
754:Gustav IV Adolf
746:
734:
722:
718:Dmitry Senyavin
710:
698:
694:Dmitry Golitsyn
686:
682:Pyotr Bagration
674:
662:
650:
638:
626:
614:
602:
590:
578:
566:
562:Eugene Fredrick
554:
546:
534:
522:
514:
510:Charles William
502:
490:
470:
468:
467:
458:
456:
443:
433:
431:
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425:
415:
403:
391:
381:
379:
367:
347:
334:
332:
320:
315:
314:
306:
304:
292:
290:
278:
276:
264:
238:Duchy of Warsaw
235:
230:
221:Fifth Coalition
195:Treaty of Posen
185:French victory
176:
175:
172:
152:(9 months)
151:
133:Battle of Eylau
123:
121:
119:
118:
113:
93:Napoleonic Wars
77:
66:
60:
57:
47:Please help to
46:
30:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7265:
7255:
7254:
7252:Coalition Wars
7249:
7247:1807 in France
7244:
7242:1806 in France
7239:
7234:
7229:
7224:
7219:
7214:
7209:
7204:
7199:
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7184:
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7174:
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7164:
7159:
7142:
7141:
7138:
7137:
7135:
7134:
7129:
7127:Longwood House
7124:
7123:
7122:
7112:
7107:
7102:
7097:
7092:
7087:
7082:
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6855:
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6833:Count of Feira
6830:
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6815:
6810:
6805:
6800:
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6790:
6785:
6780:
6775:
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6755:
6750:
6745:
6740:
6735:
6730:
6728:Horatio Nelson
6725:
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6709:
6707:
6699:
6698:
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6695:
6690:
6685:
6680:
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6660:
6655:
6650:
6645:
6640:
6638:Marshal Victor
6635:
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6605:
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6416:Arcis-sur-Aube
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6159:Venta del Pozo
6156:
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6126:
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6034:Ciudad Rodrigo
6030:
6028:
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6023:
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6020:
6015:
6010:
6005:
6000:
5995:
5990:
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5950:
5944:
5942:
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5929:
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5919:
5914:
5912:Ciudad Rodrigo
5909:
5904:
5898:
5896:
5892:
5891:
5889:
5888:
5886:Alba de Tormes
5883:
5878:
5873:
5868:
5863:
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5843:
5838:
5833:
5828:
5823:
5818:
5813:
5808:
5803:
5798:
5793:
5788:
5786:Aspern-Essling
5783:
5778:
5773:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5748:
5743:
5738:
5733:
5728:
5723:
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5713:
5708:
5703:
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5688:
5683:
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5440:
5435:
5430:
5425:
5420:
5415:
5410:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5388:Jena–Auerstedt
5385:
5380:
5375:
5370:
5365:
5359:
5357:
5353:
5352:
5350:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5273:
5271:
5267:
5266:
5264:
5263:
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5248:
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5238:
5233:
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5225:
5216:
5210:
5209:
5206:
5205:
5203:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5160:Ottoman Empire
5157:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5120:United Kingdom
5116:
5114:
5106:
5105:
5103:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5090:Ottoman Empire
5087:
5085:Denmark–Norway
5082:
5081:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5065:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5035:
5030:
5028:Polish Legions
5025:
5019:
5017:
5004:
4998:
4997:
4995:
4994:
4987:
4980:
4973:
4966:
4963:Peninsular War
4959:
4952:
4944:
4941:
4940:
4933:
4932:
4925:
4918:
4910:
4901:
4900:
4898:
4897:
4896:
4895:
4885:
4884:
4883:
4878:
4868:
4863:
4857:
4855:
4853:Third Republic
4849:
4848:
4846:
4845:
4840:
4834:
4832:
4826:
4825:
4822:
4821:
4819:
4818:
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4811:
4806:
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4784:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4767:
4765:
4759:
4758:
4756:
4755:
4740:
4735:
4734:
4733:
4722:
4716:
4710:
4709:
4707:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4690:
4689:
4687:Kiev offensive
4684:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4653:
4651:
4645:
4644:
4642:
4641:
4640:
4639:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4609:
4608:
4598:
4597:
4596:
4586:
4585:
4584:
4574:
4572:Peninsular War
4569:
4564:
4558:
4556:
4550:
4549:
4546:
4545:
4543:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4516:
4515:
4505:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4491:
4490:
4480:
4475:
4470:
4466:
4463:
4462:
4460:
4459:
4458:
4457:
4456:
4455:
4440:
4439:
4438:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4417:
4416:
4406:
4400:
4398:
4392:
4391:
4389:
4388:
4387:
4386:
4376:
4371:
4370:
4369:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4346:
4341:
4338:
4337:
4336:
4326:
4321:
4320:
4319:
4308:
4305:
4304:
4302:
4301:
4296:
4295:
4294:
4284:
4283:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4266:
4265:
4250:
4249:
4248:
4238:
4233:
4232:
4231:
4220:
4218:
4209:
4203:
4202:
4199:
4198:
4196:
4195:
4192:
4187:
4186:
4185:
4175:
4170:
4169:
4168:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4142:
4139:
4138:
4136:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4104:
4103:
4093:
4092:
4091:
4081:
4075:
4073:
4064:
4058:
4057:
4054:
4053:
4051:
4050:
4049:
4048:
4038:
4033:
4027:
4025:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4017:
4012:
4009:
4006:
4001:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3964:
3958:
3952:
3951:
3948:
3947:
3936:
3935:
3927:
3926:
3918:
3917:
3915:
3913:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3876:
3874:
3870:
3869:
3862:
3861:
3854:
3847:
3839:
3832:
3831:
3825:
3804:
3787:
3773:
3760:
3754:
3741:
3735:
3722:
3716:
3699:
3693:
3680:
3669:
3663:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3638:
3632:
3617:
3614:
3611:
3610:
3598:
3591:
3573:
3567:978-1907795633
3566:
3546:
3537:
3525:
3508:
3501:
3483:
3456:(2): 213–231.
3440:
3433:
3415:
3408:
3390:
3371:(4): 603–624.
3355:
3353:, p. 151.
3340:
3328:
3326:, p. 150.
3302:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3295:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3282:Peninsular War
3279:
3274:
3269:
3262:
3259:
3255:Peninsular War
3180:Denmark–Norway
3166:Following the
3151:
3148:
3050:
3047:
2894:At the double
2723:
2720:
2580:southern Italy
2517:
2514:
2506:Peninsular War
2486:king of Saxony
2344:
2326:
2308:
2294:
2280:
2270:Peninsular War
2264:
2254:Peninsular War
2248:
2237:
2223:
2220:
2213:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2104:
2099:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2058:
2051:
2044:
2037:
2036:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2024:
2022:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2000:
1999:
1992:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1962:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1912:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1860:
1859:
1856:Teutonic Order
1850:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1798:
1797:
1790:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1710:
1709:
1702:
1695:
1687:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1662:Great Northern
1659:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1611:
1608:
1607:
1596:
1595:
1588:
1581:
1573:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1503:
1502:
1501:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1488:Neapolitan War
1478:
1473:
1468:
1461:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1432:
1427:
1424:Peninsular War
1420:
1415:
1410:
1409:
1408:
1403:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1338:
1337:
1330:
1323:
1315:
1306:
1305:
1303:
1302:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1207:
1206:
1202:
1201:
1195:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1141:Jena–Auerstedt
1137:
1132:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1118:
1117:
1106:
1105:
1098:
1091:
1083:
1075:
1074:
1034:Total engaged:
1031:
1003:Total engaged:
999:
998:
994:
993:
991:
990:
978:
966:
954:
942:
930:
918:
906:
894:
882:
870:
858:
846:
834:
822:
810:
798:
786:
773:
771:
769:
768:
756:
744:
732:
720:
708:
696:
684:
672:
660:
648:
636:
624:
612:
600:
598:Fredrick Louis
588:
576:
564:
552:
532:
520:
500:
487:
484:
483:
479:
478:
454:
453:
441:
439:Polish Legions
429:
413:
401:
389:
377:
365:
344:
343:
342:
330:
318:
302:
299:United Kingdom
287:
274:
254:
253:
249:
248:
245:
244:
232:
226:
225:
224:
223:
217:Peninsular War
209:
203:
200:
197:
192:
182:
178:
177:
174:
173:
171:
170:
168:Central Europe
164:
161:
160:
158:
154:
153:
148:
140:
139:
129:Fall of Berlin
103:
100:
99:
97:Coalition Wars
88:
87:
79:
78:
33:
31:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7264:
7253:
7250:
7248:
7245:
7243:
7240:
7238:
7235:
7233:
7230:
7228:
7225:
7223:
7220:
7218:
7215:
7213:
7210:
7208:
7205:
7203:
7200:
7198:
7195:
7193:
7190:
7188:
7185:
7183:
7180:
7178:
7175:
7173:
7170:
7168:
7165:
7163:
7160:
7158:
7155:
7154:
7152:
7133:
7130:
7128:
7125:
7121:
7118:
7117:
7116:
7113:
7111:
7108:
7106:
7103:
7101:
7098:
7096:
7093:
7091:
7088:
7086:
7083:
7081:
7078:
7076:
7073:
7072:
7070:
7068:Miscellaneous
7066:
7060:
7057:
7055:
7052:
7050:
7047:
7045:
7042:
7040:
7037:
7035:
7032:
7030:
7027:
7025:
7022:
7020:
7017:
7015:
7012:
7010:
7007:
7005:
7002:
7000:
6997:
6995:
6992:
6990:
6987:
6985:
6982:
6980:
6977:
6975:
6972:
6970:
6967:
6965:
6962:
6960:
6957:
6956:
6954:
6950:
6944:
6941:
6939:
6936:
6934:
6931:
6929:
6926:
6924:
6921:
6919:
6916:
6914:
6911:
6909:
6906:
6902:
6899:
6898:
6897:
6894:
6892:
6889:
6887:
6884:
6882:
6879:
6877:
6874:
6873:
6871:
6865:
6859:
6856:
6854:
6851:
6849:
6846:
6844:
6841:
6839:
6836:
6834:
6831:
6829:
6826:
6824:
6821:
6819:
6816:
6814:
6811:
6809:
6806:
6804:
6801:
6799:
6796:
6794:
6791:
6789:
6786:
6784:
6781:
6779:
6776:
6774:
6771:
6769:
6766:
6764:
6761:
6759:
6756:
6754:
6751:
6749:
6746:
6744:
6743:Manuel Lapeña
6741:
6739:
6736:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6721:
6719:
6716:
6714:
6711:
6710:
6708:
6700:
6694:
6691:
6689:
6686:
6684:
6681:
6679:
6676:
6674:
6673:Prince Eugène
6671:
6669:
6666:
6664:
6661:
6659:
6656:
6654:
6651:
6649:
6646:
6644:
6641:
6639:
6636:
6634:
6631:
6629:
6626:
6624:
6623:André Masséna
6621:
6619:
6616:
6614:
6611:
6609:
6606:
6604:
6603:Joachim Murat
6601:
6599:
6596:
6594:
6591:
6590:
6588:
6580:
6577:
6573:
6563:
6560:
6558:
6555:
6553:
6550:
6548:
6547:Rocheserviere
6545:
6543:
6540:
6538:
6535:
6533:
6530:
6528:
6525:
6523:
6520:
6518:
6515:
6513:
6510:
6508:
6505:
6503:
6500:
6498:
6495:
6493:
6490:
6488:
6485:
6483:
6480:
6478:
6475:
6473:
6470:
6468:
6465:
6463:
6460:
6459:
6457:
6453:
6447:
6444:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6434:
6432:
6429:
6427:
6424:
6422:
6419:
6417:
6414:
6412:
6409:
6407:
6404:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6389:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6374:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6357:
6354:
6352:
6349:
6347:
6344:
6342:
6339:
6338:
6336:
6332:
6326:
6323:
6321:
6318:
6316:
6313:
6311:
6308:
6306:
6303:
6301:
6298:
6296:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6286:
6283:
6281:
6278:
6276:
6273:
6271:
6268:
6266:
6263:
6261:
6258:
6256:
6253:
6251:
6248:
6246:
6243:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6235:San Sebastián
6233:
6231:
6228:
6226:
6223:
6221:
6218:
6216:
6213:
6211:
6208:
6206:
6203:
6202:
6200:
6196:
6190:
6187:
6185:
6182:
6180:
6177:
6175:
6172:
6170:
6167:
6165:
6162:
6160:
6157:
6155:
6152:
6150:
6147:
6145:
6142:
6140:
6137:
6135:
6132:
6130:
6127:
6125:
6122:
6120:
6117:
6115:
6112:
6110:
6107:
6105:
6102:
6100:
6097:
6095:
6092:
6090:
6087:
6085:
6082:
6080:
6077:
6075:
6072:
6070:
6067:
6065:
6062:
6060:
6057:
6055:
6052:
6050:
6047:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6031:
6029:
6025:
6019:
6016:
6014:
6011:
6009:
6006:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5976:
5974:
5971:
5969:
5966:
5964:
5961:
5959:
5956:
5954:
5951:
5949:
5946:
5945:
5943:
5939:
5933:
5930:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5915:
5913:
5910:
5908:
5905:
5903:
5900:
5899:
5897:
5893:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5857:
5854:
5852:
5849:
5847:
5844:
5842:
5839:
5837:
5834:
5832:
5829:
5827:
5824:
5822:
5819:
5817:
5814:
5812:
5809:
5807:
5804:
5802:
5799:
5797:
5796:Sankt Michael
5794:
5792:
5789:
5787:
5784:
5782:
5779:
5777:
5774:
5772:
5769:
5767:
5764:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5747:
5744:
5742:
5739:
5737:
5734:
5732:
5729:
5727:
5724:
5722:
5719:
5717:
5714:
5712:
5711:Teugen-Hausen
5709:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5648:
5646:
5642:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5588:
5586:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5546:
5543:
5542:
5540:
5536:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5466:
5464:
5460:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5361:
5360:
5358:
5354:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5274:
5272:
5268:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5228:
5226:
5224:
5220:
5217:
5211:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5117:
5115:
5113:
5107:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5061:
5060:
5059:
5056:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5020:
5018:
5014:
5013:client states
5008:
5005:
4999:
4993:
4992:
4988:
4986:
4985:
4981:
4979:
4978:
4974:
4972:
4971:
4967:
4965:
4964:
4960:
4958:
4957:
4953:
4951:
4950:
4946:
4945:
4942:
4938:
4931:
4926:
4924:
4919:
4917:
4912:
4911:
4908:
4894:
4891:
4890:
4889:
4886:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4873:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4858:
4856:
4854:
4850:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4835:
4833:
4831:
4827:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4809:Lwów uprising
4807:
4805:
4802:
4801:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4791:
4788:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4768:
4766:
4764:
4760:
4753:
4752:contributions
4749:
4745:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4732:
4731:Eastern Front
4729:
4728:
4727:
4724:
4723:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4711:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4679:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4654:
4652:
4650:
4646:
4638:
4637:Eastern Front
4634:
4631:
4630:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4607:
4604:
4603:
4602:
4599:
4595:
4592:
4591:
4590:
4587:
4583:
4580:
4579:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4559:
4557:
4555:
4551:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4514:
4511:
4510:
4509:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4489:
4486:
4485:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4468:
4467:
4464:
4454:
4451:
4450:
4449:
4446:
4445:
4444:
4441:
4437:
4434:
4433:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4415:
4412:
4411:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4401:
4399:
4397:
4393:
4385:
4382:
4381:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4368:
4365:
4364:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4339:
4335:
4332:
4331:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4318:
4315:
4314:
4313:
4310:
4309:
4306:
4300:
4297:
4293:
4290:
4289:
4288:
4285:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4264:
4261:
4260:
4259:
4256:
4255:
4254:
4251:
4247:
4244:
4243:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4230:
4227:
4226:
4225:
4222:
4221:
4219:
4217:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4204:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4184:
4181:
4180:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4167:
4164:
4163:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4143:
4140:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4102:
4099:
4098:
4097:
4094:
4090:
4087:
4086:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4072:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4059:
4047:
4044:
4043:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4028:
4026:
4022:
4016:
4013:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3965:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3953:
3945:
3941:
3940:
3939:
3933:
3929:
3928:
3924:
3920:
3919:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3877:
3875:
3871:
3867:
3860:
3855:
3853:
3848:
3846:
3841:
3840:
3837:
3828:
3822:
3818:
3813:
3812:
3805:
3801:
3800:
3794:
3788:
3784:
3780:
3776:
3770:
3766:
3761:
3757:
3751:
3747:
3742:
3738:
3732:
3728:
3723:
3719:
3713:
3708:
3707:
3700:
3696:
3690:
3686:
3681:
3677:
3676:
3670:
3666:
3660:
3655:
3654:
3647:
3646:
3635:
3629:
3625:
3620:
3619:
3607:
3602:
3594:
3588:
3584:
3577:
3569:
3563:
3559:
3558:
3550:
3541:
3532:
3530:
3521:
3520:
3512:
3504:
3502:9780826442123
3498:
3494:
3487:
3479:
3475:
3471:
3467:
3463:
3459:
3455:
3451:
3444:
3436:
3430:
3426:
3419:
3411:
3405:
3401:
3394:
3386:
3382:
3378:
3374:
3370:
3366:
3359:
3352:
3347:
3345:
3337:
3332:
3325:
3320:
3318:
3316:
3314:
3312:
3310:
3308:
3303:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3258:
3256:
3251:
3247:
3243:
3239:
3234:
3232:
3227:
3225:
3221:
3216:
3214:
3210:
3206:
3202:
3198:
3193:
3191:
3187:
3186:
3181:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3161:
3156:
3147:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3133:
3132:after a siege
3129:
3125:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3108:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3082:
3078:
3074:
3070:
3061:
3056:
3046:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3035:Berlin Decree
3031:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3013:
3010:to refuge in
3007:
3001:
2999:
2995:
2991:
2982:
2978:
2976:
2972:
2968:
2964:
2960:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2931:
2930:by Napoleon.
2929:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2892:
2890:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2865:
2861:
2859:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2837:
2832:
2828:
2823:
2817:
2811:
2806:
2800:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2786:Marshal Soult
2782:
2778:
2772:
2768:
2764:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2734:
2729:
2719:
2716:
2712:
2707:
2706:
2698:
2696:
2692:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2666:
2662:
2657:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2646:Joachim Murat
2643:
2639:
2634:
2630:
2622:
2609:
2605:
2602:
2596:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2585:Berlin Decree
2581:
2577:
2573:
2572:naval clashes
2565:
2561:
2556:
2552:
2549:
2548:
2543:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2527:
2523:
2513:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2497:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2446:
2444:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2426:Prussian Army
2423:
2418:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2399:Great Britain
2396:
2392:
2388:
2384:
2380:
2379:French Empire
2376:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2355:
2351:
2341:
2337:
2333:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2305:
2301:
2291:
2287:
2277:
2276:
2271:
2261:
2260:
2259:Torres Vedras
2255:
2245:
2234:
2230:
2216:
2210:
2193:
2176:
2159:
2142:
2125:
2108:
2096:
2079:
2048:
2041:
2034:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2001:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1921:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1852:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1708:
1703:
1701:
1696:
1694:
1689:
1688:
1685:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1612:
1609:
1604:
1594:
1589:
1587:
1582:
1580:
1575:
1574:
1571:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1543:Spice Islands
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1484:
1483:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1466:
1462:
1460:
1459:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1437:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1425:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1381:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1359:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1346:
1336:
1331:
1329:
1324:
1322:
1317:
1316:
1313:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1204:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1127:
1123:
1122:
1119:
1114:
1104:
1099:
1097:
1092:
1090:
1085:
1084:
1081:
1071:
1065:
1059:
1053:
1047:
1041:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1022:
1016:
1010:
1004:
1001:
1000:
995:
989:
979:
977:
967:
965:
960:
955:
953:
948:
943:
941:
931:
929:
924:
919:
917:
912:
907:
905:
904:Joachim Murat
900:
895:
893:
888:
883:
881:
880:André Masséna
876:
871:
869:
864:
859:
857:
852:
847:
845:
840:
835:
833:
828:
823:
821:
816:
811:
809:
804:
799:
797:
792:
787:
785:
780:
775:
774:
772:
767:
762:
757:
755:
750:
745:
743:
738:
733:
731:
726:
721:
719:
714:
709:
707:
702:
697:
695:
690:
685:
683:
678:
673:
671:
666:
661:
659:
654:
649:
647:
642:
637:
635:
630:
625:
623:
618:
613:
611:
606:
601:
599:
594:
589:
587:
582:
577:
575:
570:
565:
563:
558:
553:
551:
549:
543:
538:
533:
531:
526:
521:
519:
517:
511:
506:
501:
499:
494:
489:
488:
486:
485:
480:
477:
476:Polish rebels
466:
465:
452:
447:
442:
440:
430:
424:
419:
414:
412:
407:
402:
400:
395:
390:
388:
378:
376:
371:
366:
364:
361:
360:
359:
358:
357:
351:
345:
341:
331:
329:
324:
319:
313:
303:
300:
288:
286:
275:
273:
268:
263:
262:
261:
260:
256:
255:
250:
243:
239:
233:
228:
227:
222:
218:
214:
210:
208:
204:
201:
198:
196:
193:
191:
188:
187:
186:
183:
180:
179:
169:
166:
165:
163:
162:
159:
156:
155:
149:
146:
145:
141:
138:
134:
130:
126:
101:
98:
94:
89:
84:
75:
72:
64:
54:
50:
44:
43:
37:
32:
23:
22:
19:
7115:Grande Armée
7075:Bibliography
7059:Paris (1815)
7019:Paris (1814)
7004:Paris (1810)
6984:Finckenstein
6959:Campo Formio
6718:Rowland Hill
6704:military and
6584:military and
6557:Rocquencourt
6426:Saint-Dizier
6396:Bar-sur-Aube
6351:Mincio River
5846:Schöngrabern
5625:2nd Zaragoza
5565:1st Zaragoza
5519:Stralsund II
5368:Campo Tenese
5342:Schöngrabern
5327:Cape Ortegal
5277:Diamond Rock
5155:Papal States
4989:
4982:
4975:
4968:
4961:
4955:
4954:
4947:
4742:Polish
4726:World War II
4581:
4576:
4483:Smolensk War
4224:Livonian War
4207:Commonwealth
3956:Piast Poland
3937:
3810:
3797:
3764:
3745:
3726:
3705:
3684:
3674:
3652:
3623:
3616:Bibliography
3601:
3582:
3576:
3556:
3549:
3540:
3518:
3511:
3492:
3486:
3453:
3449:
3443:
3424:
3418:
3399:
3393:
3368:
3364:
3358:
3331:
3235:
3228:
3217:
3194:
3183:
3174:and after a
3165:
3109:
3066:
3032:
3012:East Prussia
3006:Grande Armée
3002:
2987:
2932:
2927:
2893:
2891:was killed.
2870:
2836:Grande Armée
2829:in southern
2816:Grande Armée
2810:Grande Armée
2799:Grande Armée
2793:
2789:
2783:
2777:Grande Armée
2739:
2736:Queen Louise
2705:Grande Armée
2699:
2686:consolidated
2658:
2626:
2597:
2569:
2545:
2533:William Pitt
2530:
2519:
2498:
2482:client state
2460:west of the
2448:Through the
2447:
2434:East Prussia
2419:
2362:
2360:
2350:Hundred Days
2318:Germany 1813
2274:
2258:
1997:Nazi Germany
1996:
1966:
1938:
1916:
1854:
1794:
1726:
1666:
1548:Indian Ocean
1480:
1463:
1456:
1434:
1422:
1396:English Wars
1379:
1378:
1356:
1298:
1140:
1110:
1069:
1063:
1057:
1051:
1045:
1039:
1033:
1026:
1020:
1014:
1008:
1002:
634:Ludwig Yorck
547:
515:
455:
354:
346:
258:
257:
252:Belligerents
184:
91:Part of the
67:
58:
39:
18:
6943:War of 1812
6901:Gunboat War
6858:Louis XVIII
6613:Jean Lannes
6527:Quatre Bras
6517:San Germano
6467:Occhiobello
6356:Champaubert
6346:La Rothière
6270:San Marcial
6154:2nd Polotsk
6119:1st Polotsk
6104:Majadahonda
6044:Villagarcia
5973:Campo Maior
5761:Piave River
5686:Ciudad Real
5676:Villafranca
5545:Dos de Mayo
5494:Stralsund I
5246:18 Brumaire
5180:Netherlands
5078:Württemberg
4628:World War I
3267:Gunboat War
3240:signed the
3201:Finnish War
3185:Gunboat War
2933:During the
2691:Württemberg
2601:Alexander I
2547:casus belli
2480:, a Polish
2336:France 1814
1795:Brandenburg
1452:War of 1812
1413:Finnish War
1401:Gunboat War
1243:Schweidnitz
856:Jean Lannes
646:Alexander I
229:Territorial
53:introducing
7151:Categories
7085:Casualties
6999:Schönbrunn
6974:Artlenburg
6723:John Moore
6628:Michel Ney
6497:Scapezzano
6487:Cesenatico
6431:Montmartre
6361:Montmirail
6295:Wartenburg
6250:Großbeeren
6109:Gorodechno
6099:Klyastitsy
6079:Saltanovka
5968:Casal Novo
5841:Hollabrunn
5826:Korneuburg
5620:Somosierra
5524:Copenhagen
5347:Austerlitz
5337:Dürenstein
5073:Westphalia
5016:and allies
4748:resistance
4292:The Deluge
3298:References
3190:John Moore
3081:Königsberg
3053:See also:
3016:Königsberg
2957:and seize
2937:, Marshal
2763:Austerlitz
2726:See also:
2682:Francis II
2638:Schönbrunn
2629:Bernadotte
2233:Austerlitz
1258:Allenstein
916:Michel Ney
784:Napoleon I
36:references
7049:Casalanza
7024:Tauroggen
6979:Pressburg
6964:Lunéville
6869:conflicts
6702:Coalition
6552:La Suffel
6502:Tolentino
6386:Montereau
6371:Vauchamps
6320:Bornhöved
6275:Dennewitz
6220:Tarragona
6169:Chashniki
6069:Salamanca
5993:Tarragona
5917:Barquilla
5871:Almonacid
5831:Stockerau
5801:Stralsund
5771:2nd Porto
5751:Ebelsberg
5721:Abensberg
5691:1st Porto
5651:Castellón
5635:Benavente
5600:Valmaseda
5514:Friedland
5509:Heilsberg
5479:Ostrołęka
5469:Mohrungen
5403:Magdeburg
5332:Amstetten
5317:Trafalgar
5302:Elchingen
5287:Wertingen
5185:Brunswick
5110:Coalition
4096:Great War
3470:0032-3195
3120:Stralsund
3101:Friedland
3093:Heilsberg
3085:Bennigsen
3022:elevated
2920:Auerstedt
2831:Thuringia
2680:emperor,
2665:Rhineland
2019:1944-1949
2014:1943-1945
2009:1939-1945
1989:1919-1934
1984:1919-1921
1974:1918-1919
1959:1914-1918
1944:1813-1814
1939:1806-1807
1929:1792-1797
1924:1733-1735
1909:1519–1521
1904:1467–1479
1899:1454–1466
1894:1431–1435
1874:1409–1411
1869:1326–1332
1847:1656-1657
1842:1476-1482
1832:1326-1329
1822:1311-1312
1812:1269-1272
1807:1265-1278
1802:1247-1252
1757:1028-1031
1752:1003-1018
1650:1655–1660
1645:1626–1629
1640:1621–1625
1635:1617–1618
1630:1600–1611
1625:Sigismund
1620:1563–1568
1299:Friedland
1293:Heilsberg
1273:Ostrołęka
1253:Mohrungen
1211:Stralsund
1187:Magdeburg
61:June 2022
7120:Uniforms
7034:Chaumont
6952:Treaties
6653:Joseph I
6593:Napoleon
6537:Waterloo
6477:Casaglia
6441:Toulouse
6325:Sehested
6300:Bidassoa
6280:2nd Kulm
6265:1st Kulm
6255:Katzbach
6245:Sorauren
6240:Pyrenees
6205:Castalla
6189:Berezina
6179:Smoliani
6149:Tarutino
6134:Borodino
6124:Valutino
6114:Smolensk
6084:Ostrovno
6054:Maguilla
6018:Valencia
6008:Saguntum
5856:Talavera
5736:Ratisbon
5726:Landshut
5701:Bergisel
5696:Medellín
5610:Espinosa
5570:Valencia
5443:Czarnowo
5413:Pasewalk
5408:Prenzlau
5383:Saalfeld
5322:Caldiero
5292:Günzburg
5170:Sardinia
5145:Portugal
4871:Iraq War
3783:70714210
3261:See also
2955:Dornburg
2947:Dornburg
2943:Naumburg
2873:Saalburg
2678:Habsburg
2494:Portugal
2375:Napoleon
2354:Waterloo
2352:1815:...
2302:1812:...
2164:Portugal
2067:Waterloo
2062:620miles
1553:2nd Java
1533:1st Java
1238:Graudenz
1223:Czarnowo
1167:Pasewalk
1162:Prenzlau
1135:Saalfeld
1009:Prussia:
997:Strength
964:Joseph I
240:and the
157:Location
95:and the
6867:Related
6446:Bayonne
6411:Craonne
6381:Mormant
6341:Brienne
6315:Nivelle
6305:Leipzig
6260:Dresden
6230:Vitoria
6215:Bautzen
6184:Krasnoi
6129:Mesoten
6089:Vitebsk
6049:Almaraz
6039:Badajoz
5998:Albuera
5983:Almeida
5978:Sabugal
5963:Redinha
5953:Barrosa
5932:Bussaco
5927:Almeida
5907:Astorga
5876:Tamames
5836:Gefrees
5791:Alcañiz
5731:Eckmühl
5661:Corunna
5630:Sahagún
5595:Zornoza
5590:Vimeiro
5560:Cabezón
5484:Kolberg
5453:Pułtusk
5448:Golymin
5438:Hamelin
5418:Stettin
5378:Schleiz
5223:Prelude
5215:battles
5190:Hanover
5135:Prussia
5125:Austria
5063:Bavaria
5043:Etruria
5038:Holland
5010:France,
5003:gerents
4746:,
4744:history
4635:on the
3999:Bohemia
3478:2140167
3385:1835810
3195:At the
3150:Results
3089:Pultusk
2914:routed
2858:Leipzig
2758:Potsdam
2695:Bavaria
2642:Bavaria
2633:Ansbach
2542:Hanover
2516:Origins
2415:Hanover
2407:Austria
2383:Prussia
2322:Leipzig
2275:Vitoria
2198:Germany
2181:Prussia
2130:Austria
1917:Prussia
1278:Kolberg
1233:Pułtusk
1228:Golymin
1192:Hamelin
1172:Stettin
1130:Schleiz
1052:Poland:
1043:192,000
1037:237,500
1027:Sweden:
1021:Saxony:
1018:135,000
1015:Russia:
1012:254,000
1006:422,000
940:Louis I
548:†
516:†
387:Holland
375:Etruria
272:Prussia
231:changes
49:improve
7044:Mantua
6994:Cintra
6989:Tilsit
6969:Amiens
6507:Ancona
6492:Pesaro
6462:Panaro
6391:Orthez
6376:Garris
6290:Roßlau
6285:Göhrde
6225:Luckau
6210:Lützen
6174:Vyazma
6144:Burgos
6139:Moscow
6094:Kobryn
6003:Usagre
5958:Pombal
5948:Gebora
5821:Wagram
5781:Tarvis
5756:Girona
5716:Raszyn
5706:Sacile
5615:Tudela
5605:Burgos
5585:Roliça
5580:Bailén
5499:Mileto
5489:Danzig
5428:Lübeck
5393:Erfurt
5312:Verona
5195:Nassau
5175:Sweden
5165:Persia
5150:Sicily
5130:Russia
5112:forces
5095:Persia
5068:Saxony
5053:Naples
5023:France
5001:Belli-
3823:
3819:–333.
3781:
3771:
3752:
3733:
3714:
3691:
3661:
3630:
3589:
3564:
3499:
3476:
3468:
3431:
3406:
3383:
3160:Tilsit
3116:Lübeck
3105:Tilsit
3024:Saxony
2959:Apolda
2951:Apolda
2881:Lannes
2846:Weimar
2842:Erfurt
2750:Berlin
2746:Louise
2619:: The
2551:1806.
2430:Berlin
2397:, and
2395:Sweden
2391:Saxony
2387:Russia
2367:French
2304:Moscow
2290:Wagram
2113:Russia
2084:France
2060:1000km
1656:Deluge
1283:Danzig
1182:Lübeck
1157:Berlin
1147:Erfurt
1055:18,500
1049:27,000
1030:15,000
1024:18,000
544:
512:
423:Saxony
411:Naples
356:France
340:Sicily
328:Sweden
312:Saxony
296:
285:Russia
282:
181:Result
38:, but
7110:Films
6542:Wavre
6532:Ligny
6522:Gaeta
6482:Ronco
6472:Carpi
6436:Paris
6406:Reims
6310:Hanau
5902:Cádiz
5881:Ocaña
5866:Ölper
5811:María
5776:Wörgl
5766:Grijó
5666:Valls
5656:Uclés
5550:Bruch
5474:Eylau
5398:Halle
5373:Maida
5363:Gaeta
5213:Major
5140:Spain
5100:Spain
5033:Italy
3474:JSTOR
3381:JSTOR
3136:Rügen
3128:Brune
3097:Eylau
3014:near
2990:Wesel
2850:Saale
2805:Rhine
2617:Green
2490:Spain
2458:Rhine
2389:with
2340:Paris
2147:Spain
1268:Eylau
1263:Hoofe
1248:Kozel
1152:Halle
464:Spain
399:Italy
7039:Kiel
7029:Ried
6575:Info
6562:Issy
6455:1815
6401:Laon
6334:1814
6198:1813
6064:Ekau
6027:1812
5941:1811
5895:1810
5816:Graz
5806:Raab
5644:1809
5538:1808
5462:1807
5356:1806
5270:1805
3821:ISBN
3779:OCLC
3769:ISBN
3750:ISBN
3731:ISBN
3712:ISBN
3689:ISBN
3659:ISBN
3628:ISBN
3587:ISBN
3562:ISBN
3497:ISBN
3466:ISSN
3429:ISBN
3404:ISBN
3122:and
2975:Elbe
2908:Jena
2902:and
2856:and
2854:Gera
2693:and
2652:and
2613:Blue
2462:Elbe
2385:and
2361:The
2338::...
2320::...
2244:Jena
2221:Key:
2004:1939
1979:1919
1954:1848
1949:1846
1934:1795
1889:1422
1884:1419
1879:1414
1864:1308
1837:1370
1827:1316
1817:1296
1787:1278
1782:1184
1777:1157
1772:1146
1767:1109
1762:1074
1615:1562
147:Date
135:and
6059:Mir
5922:Côa
5307:Ulm
3817:287
3458:doi
3373:doi
2945:to
2906:at
2756:in
2578:in
2377:'s
2356:...
2342:...
2324:...
2306:...
2292:...
2278:...
2262:...
2246:...
2235:...
1747:979
1742:972
1737:967
1732:963
7153::
3796:.
3777:.
3528:^
3472:.
3464:.
3454:13
3452:.
3379:.
3369:24
3367:.
3343:^
3306:^
3257:.
3226:.
3178:,
2492:,
2393:,
2369::
2334::
2316::
131:,
127:,
4929:e
4922:t
4915:v
3858:e
3851:t
3844:v
3829:.
3785:.
3758:.
3739:.
3720:.
3697:.
3667:.
3636:.
3608:.
3595:.
3570:.
3505:.
3480:.
3460::
3437:.
3412:.
3387:.
3375::
2844:-
2365:(
2346:9
2328:8
2310:7
2296:6
2282:5
2266:4
2250:3
2239:2
2225:1
2203:1
2186:2
2169:3
2152:4
2135:5
2118:6
2101:7
2089:8
2072:9
1706:e
1699:t
1692:v
1658:)
1654:(
1592:e
1585:t
1578:v
1334:e
1327:t
1320:v
1102:e
1095:t
1088:v
74:)
68:(
63:)
59:(
45:.
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