2315:
2495:
5227:
2417:(...) republican prisoners identified as Catalans were executed without trial. Whoever they heard speaking in Catalan was very likely to end up arrested. The arbitrary brutality of the anti-Catalan repression reached such a point that Franco himself had to issue an order stipulating that mistakes that could later be regretted should be avoided”..."There are examples of the murder of peasants for no other apparent reason than that of speaking Catalan"
2311:. The administrative use of the Catalan language was replaced it with Spanish. While theoretically the replacement solely affected the Royal Audience, the king provided with secret instructions to the royal officers in Catalan territory: they "will take the utmost care to introduce the Castilian language, for which purpose he will give the most temperate and disguised measures so that the effect is achieved, without the care being noticed."
36:
113:
5237:
2421:
2605:
The reality of those feelings has been expressed in studies carried out by different opinion institutes. Constantly, Catalans appeared as the least valued people in Spain; after them would generally be the
Basques. In 2020, the Centre d'Estudis d'Opinió carried out a survey asking about the likes and
2367:
In the 19th century, the
Spanish economy was largely dominated by agricultural production such as cereals from Castile, intended for sale on European markets. In these regions, the bourgeoisie and the landowners, supported by the central state, was favorable to free trade policy. On the contrary, the
2629:
It became particularly widespread during the first decades of the 21st century due to the increasing demands for
Catalan self-determination, being often used as a tool to deny any possible historical legitimization of Catalan demands. The dissemination of pseudo-historical arguments was facilitated
2428:
from 1942 advocating against the use of the other languages spoken in Spain apart from
Spanish, calling "barbarians" those who use them. It says, in Spanish: "Speak well. Be patriotic - Don't be barbaric. It is a respectable gentleman that you speak our official language, that is to say Spanish. It
2445:
in 1945, some of the harsh mesures began to be lifted and, while
Spanish language remained the sole promoted one, limited number of Catalan literature began to be tolerated. However, works aimed at young people were restricted to limit the learning of the written language. Among these authors were
2437:
Scholars Rafael Aracil, Joan Oliver and Antoni Segura considered that until 1951, the persecution of
Catalan language was "total". In some places students had to denounce fellow students who spoke Catalan. During this period, The Catalan language was also prohibited on tombstones. Between 1939 and
2592:
is virtually non-existent in the
Spanish media. At the same time, the media and social networks are a vehicle for the dissemination of a subtle or explicit Catalanophobia accompanying banal Spanish nationalism. The incorporation of varying degrees of Catalanophobia into the banal nationalism of
2568:. Family members and left-wing and pro-independence organizations denounced that the motive for the crime had been political, since the young people who intervened in the murder were known for their Spanish and fascist ideology and that they also knew of the anti-fascist ideology of Agulló.
2372:, therefore interested in significant customs duties. This fight mobilized most of Catalan society. This struggle creates “in the rest of Spain the image of a selfish and interested Catalonia, determined to achieve its ends even at the expense of any Spanish interest”.
2525:(PP) launched an advertising campaign against "the pact of the Catalan Statute and the grievances for Andalusia". However, 14 articles from the Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia that the PP deemed as unconstitutionals had an identical wording in the
2785:"The deplorable history of the Catalans, from their first engaging in the war, to the time of their reduction. With the motives, declarations, and engagements, on which they first took arms. The letters, treaties, &c. Relating thereto"
2463:
to lift the order to withdraw from circulation the first edition of the "Illustrated
History of Catalonia". Fraga ended up glorifying the various times that Spain had militarily attacked Catalonia and that they were ready to do it again.
4253:
2184:
or anything identified with
Catalonia. In a political context it may express itself as the reaction to a perceived intrusion of Catalan political nationalism into the area. In its most extreme circumstances, this may also be referred as
1075:
2346:
The Nueva Planta decrees were royal measures aimed at suppressing those who were defeated during the
Succession War, and it initiated the creation of a French-style Spanish centralized state in accordance with the laws of
2593:
large sections of Spanish society is sublimated in cries of attack such as "a por ellos, oé" by the population but also by the Spanish law enforcement forces, during the police suppression of the
2229:
and the entry of Catalan merchants into these markets generated a deep sense of hostility against the Catalans - often identified as Spaniards. Reflections can be found in the literary works of
4227:
1041:
2253:. He states that it was an anti-Catalan sentiment that was more cultural-linguistic than political-territorial, due to the protests over the election of Alfonso de Borja in 1455 as Pope
2996:
2351:, and for the first time founded the Kingdom of Spain. This centralization took quite some time during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, reaching maximum levels during the
2626:, Spanish pseudo-historical arguments towards Catalonia seek to minimize or deny any role, external visibility or political organization specific to the Catalan people in the past.
2193:
of products from Catalonia, are also actively identified with anti-Catalanism. Anti-Catalan sentiment often expresses the denial of the existence, in any degree or form, of Catalan
2618:
and its relationship with the history of Spain, generally in non-academic spaces, also being part of banal nationalism. Mostly based on the remaining clichés from Spanish romantic
2284:
was called, in a derogatory manner, "viejo catalanote" ("old Catalan fool") by the Castilian nobility, being expelled from Castile and seen as an intruder after the death of Queen
2540:, anti-Catalanism has been part of the strategy of the political right since the democratic transition, being instrumental the Valencian right-wing regionalist movement known as "
2200:
Sometimes, Catalans abroad or within Catalonia have experienced verbal harassment or denial of provision of goods and services, often in reaction to the use of Catalan language.
3110:
2467:
Later on, opening of the regime allowed a small change in the marginalization of the language, such as the broadcast in 1964 of the first Catalan television program on TVE (
3167:
4716:
1544:
3036:
3772:
580:
2606:
dislikes of Spaniards. According to the results of the report, Catalonia is the autonomous community that, by far, generate the least sympathy from the rest.
3980:
796:
3016:
5111:
4494:
1955:
1316:
3931:
2087:
747:
3153:
2581:, closely linked to the Spanish far-right and the ultra-Catholicism, have maintained and become a vehicle of anti-Catalanism, pseudohistory and
3852:
2459:
In 1968, in a discussion about cultural activity in Catalan language, Catalan businessman J.B. Cendrós tried to get the then Franco's Minister
660:
46:
2277:
left the peripheral realms under a royal government located in Madrid since 1561, a government composed of people mainly of Castilian origin.
3132:
4499:
2630:
by media and individuals opposed to Catalonia's self-determination and by those linked to the political right, as well as the diffusion by
1321:
4469:
4073:
3610:
2502:
The regrowth of anti-Catalan sentiment during the first decade of the 21st century was marked, among other reasons, by the reform of the
1291:
887:
410:
2962:
3757:
565:
3692:
3580:
3323:
3063:"Partidos emergentes de la ultraderecha: ¿fake news, fake outsiders? Vox y la web Caso Aislado en las elecciones andaluzas de 2018"
2734:
2503:
492:
380:
2515:
2403:
2394:
and culture were crushed at an unprecedented level, being excluded from the education system and relegated to the family sphere.
5212:
3936:
3702:
3530:
3515:
3510:
3356:
2056:
752:
502:
330:
315:
310:
140:
5240:
3831:
3762:
3495:
3292:
3012:
2832:
2698:
2690:
639:
570:
295:
3195:
54:
4275:
3585:
3407:
2594:
2381:
2080:
1097:
385:
199:
4921:
4591:
4504:
4395:
4063:
3883:
3520:
3505:
2711:
1757:
1413:
1326:
1217:
877:
697:
320:
305:
5281:
4489:
3963:
3254:
1311:
779:
2987:
Canela, Joan; Zaballa, Bel; Carrera, Mar; Rovira i Elisenda Laborda, Elisenda Rovira; Laborda, Elisenda (2017-03-20).
5276:
4137:
3968:
3459:
3437:
3273:
2768:
951:
784:
251:
229:
79:
5271:
5266:
4874:
4711:
4611:
4068:
3958:
2526:
1710:
1539:
1433:
882:
774:
4464:
3975:
3732:
3535:
2073:
1286:
791:
540:
335:
17:
3595:
2875:
2807:
395:
3737:
2682:
545:
5143:
4859:
3575:
2545:
2425:
2300:
1987:
1695:
375:
2989:"El prejudici fet notícia. Estudi Observatori del discurs d'odi als mitjans de comunicació.Estudi 2016-2017"
4422:
4370:
3346:
3316:
1244:
1192:
130:
2553:
2510:", a series of documents massively confiscated from individuals and organizations in Catalonia during the
5054:
4906:
4325:
3926:
3872:
1898:
1742:
1147:
742:
680:
2307:
was abolished, leading to the marginalization of the Catalan language and culture, favoring instead the
5163:
3948:
3630:
3361:
2939:
2270:
2007:
764:
430:
145:
4516:
4330:
4232:
4117:
3779:
3747:
3417:
3351:
2522:
2304:
1338:
1152:
1046:
931:
587:
555:
209:
135:
2398:(Spanish) became the only language of education, administration, business and the media. During the
5261:
4776:
4664:
4511:
4280:
4217:
4045:
4000:
3862:
3742:
3724:
3660:
3590:
3474:
1604:
1492:
1333:
1102:
1031:
859:
814:
670:
550:
530:
460:
390:
266:
5230:
5059:
5039:
4901:
4891:
4849:
4479:
4320:
4182:
4152:
4147:
4090:
4025:
4010:
3943:
3916:
3901:
3309:
2784:
2483:
1903:
1883:
1737:
1727:
1685:
1301:
1142:
996:
966:
961:
904:
839:
824:
759:
732:
717:
96:
50:
4127:
941:
5158:
5131:
5121:
4601:
4581:
4444:
4315:
4212:
4162:
4132:
4112:
4040:
4020:
3995:
3990:
3896:
3867:
3840:
3811:
3806:
3402:
3392:
2352:
2281:
2002:
1975:
1965:
1423:
1403:
1266:
1137:
1026:
976:
946:
926:
854:
834:
809:
804:
712:
675:
648:
619:
614:
194:
184:
5126:
5086:
5019:
4916:
4864:
4791:
4546:
4310:
4222:
4197:
4192:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4107:
4055:
4015:
3921:
3891:
3789:
3412:
2865:
2582:
2446:
those who returned from exile in 1942–1943. Their works include a Catalan translation of the
2285:
1970:
1930:
1863:
1752:
1700:
1619:
1368:
1132:
1036:
1011:
1006:
991:
986:
981:
921:
869:
829:
737:
707:
597:
204:
3168:"El hilo que recuerda cómo se arengaba a los policías del 1-O al grito de "a por ellos, oé""
3062:
2172:
In a historical context, anti-Catalanism expresses itself as a hostile attitude towards the
4997:
4531:
4405:
4122:
4080:
4030:
4005:
3821:
3784:
3525:
3387:
2615:
2356:
2292:
2153:
1841:
1353:
1227:
936:
894:
844:
819:
629:
592:
325:
179:
3133:"Eliminen les referències a Catalunya de la versió espanyola del nou film de Nicolas Cage"
2314:
8:
5173:
5034:
4669:
4571:
4551:
4340:
4248:
4207:
4187:
4157:
4050:
3845:
3655:
2561:
2537:
2430:
2145:
2017:
1878:
1497:
1393:
1373:
1162:
1070:
1021:
1001:
971:
864:
653:
455:
3154:"Vídeo: "A por ellos, oé": así despiden por toda España a la Policía enviada a Cataluña"
4946:
4941:
4931:
4879:
4869:
4844:
4786:
4744:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4556:
3857:
3092:
2479:
2254:
2238:
2234:
2181:
2141:
1782:
1777:
1767:
1715:
1705:
1680:
1614:
1572:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1378:
665:
3181:
2577:
2331:
2189:, though it is not a phobia per se. Several political movements, known for organising
61:
5205:
5116:
5044:
5029:
4828:
4771:
4576:
4484:
4375:
4295:
4142:
3442:
3288:
3269:
3250:
3096:
3084:
2921:
2871:
2828:
2803:
2764:
2694:
2686:
2589:
2511:
2399:
2296:
2250:
2194:
2049:
1960:
1888:
1873:
1656:
1599:
1398:
1306:
1197:
1117:
956:
234:
5168:
5153:
5081:
5002:
4972:
4803:
4639:
4345:
3911:
3906:
3752:
3650:
3111:"Telecinco pregunta en su web: "¿Preferirías un hijo negro, homosexual o catalán?""
3074:
3037:"'Dolça Catalunya': de la sátira al nacionalismo a la "agitación política radical""
2988:
2911:
2507:
2395:
2391:
2369:
2348:
2323:
2308:
2266:
2173:
2149:
2116:
2104:
2012:
1997:
1925:
1846:
1816:
1631:
1467:
1167:
727:
722:
560:
450:
2498:
A Catalan-language sign in Valencia city calling for a boycott of Catalan products
5183:
5091:
4987:
4936:
4796:
4781:
4761:
4726:
4439:
4350:
4285:
4085:
4035:
3816:
3675:
2623:
2473:
2406:
led directly to menaces and outbreaks of ethnic conflict of genocidal nature, as
2387:
2230:
2214:
2027:
1935:
1831:
1772:
1624:
1609:
1589:
1554:
1261:
1172:
1107:
899:
849:
624:
475:
3245:
Aracil Martí, Rafael; Oliver i Puigdomènech, Joan; Segura i Mas, Antoni (1998).
5178:
5136:
5106:
5096:
5014:
5007:
4992:
4982:
4818:
4754:
4696:
4691:
4676:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4335:
4270:
3794:
3767:
3620:
3332:
2631:
2619:
2390:(1939-1975), not only saw the suppression of democratic freedoms, but also the
2274:
2246:
2242:
2177:
2022:
1980:
1950:
1940:
1858:
1851:
1836:
1826:
1646:
1582:
1524:
1519:
1504:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1157:
1092:
602:
575:
420:
104:
3182:"Un estudi inèdit analitza cas per cas la gravetat dels 1.066 ferits de l'1-O"
5255:
5190:
4813:
4749:
4734:
4596:
4561:
4541:
4412:
4355:
4290:
3697:
3600:
3088:
2986:
2925:
2903:
2653:
2530:
2452:(1948) by Carles Riba, and research conducted by teacher Alexandre Galí with
2034:
1641:
1577:
1562:
1418:
1383:
1363:
1234:
1177:
1112:
497:
400:
2213:
Historian Antoni Simon states that between the 12th and 15th centuries, the
5024:
4911:
4739:
4706:
4686:
4616:
4606:
4586:
4566:
4202:
4100:
4095:
3826:
3801:
3665:
3605:
3570:
3540:
3266:
Cronologia de la repressió de la llengua i la cultura catalanes (1936-1975)
2904:"Política lingüística: lengua, cultura e identidad, el ejemplo de Cataluña"
2658:
2643:
2549:
2460:
2442:
2407:
2226:
1868:
1747:
1567:
1534:
1514:
1438:
1428:
1408:
1388:
1016:
914:
909:
634:
609:
465:
405:
370:
340:
4926:
4886:
4854:
4721:
4681:
4521:
4434:
4385:
4360:
4260:
3953:
3687:
3670:
3625:
3545:
2494:
1762:
1722:
1690:
1549:
1509:
1343:
1256:
1207:
1182:
1082:
769:
487:
470:
425:
345:
5200:
5195:
5076:
5071:
4967:
4951:
4808:
4701:
4659:
4621:
4429:
4417:
4390:
4380:
4300:
3714:
3709:
3680:
3615:
3464:
3079:
2916:
2648:
2565:
2557:
2044:
2039:
1920:
1915:
1811:
1787:
1636:
1529:
1487:
1443:
1251:
1239:
1212:
1202:
1122:
514:
509:
480:
415:
256:
3249:(in Spanish). Publicacions i Edicions de la Universitat de Barcelona.
2870:. Barcelona: Publicacions de l'Abadia de Montserrat, S.A. p. 14.
5101:
5049:
4766:
4365:
3490:
3285:
Pseudohistòria contra Catalunya. De l'espanyolisme a la Nova Història
2572:
2541:
2133:
1945:
1893:
1594:
1187:
290:
2303:(1701-1714), most of the public legislation and institutions of the
5066:
4896:
4823:
4474:
4400:
4305:
4265:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3560:
3555:
3500:
2663:
2222:
2137:
1910:
1732:
1651:
1296:
1222:
1127:
1087:
445:
440:
435:
360:
355:
300:
3061:
Conde, Macarena Hernández; García, Manuel Fernández (2019-03-22).
2712:"Augmenten les denúncies per discriminació del català a Barcelona"
3565:
3469:
3449:
3422:
3397:
3301:
2448:
2190:
365:
261:
241:
214:
189:
112:
2454:
Història de les Institucions 1900-1936 (History of Institutions)
4526:
3550:
3454:
3432:
3427:
3377:
3067:
Teknokultura. Revista de Cultura Digital y Movimientos Sociales
2420:
2414:
2218:
2125:
1348:
350:
246:
224:
219:
169:
3196:"¿Existe la catalanofobia? Analizamos las simpatías en España"
2588:
The language and culture of a population of around 10 million
4536:
3382:
3247:
El mundo actual. De la Segunda Guerra Mundial a nuestros días
2735:"Dos casos de discriminació per parlar en català en dos dies"
2478:(1961) movement, though there were limits such as the ban on
2429:
is to be a patriot. Long live Spain, and discipline, and our
2368:
Catalan bourgeoisie was largely industrial and a producer of
2129:
2121:
1358:
174:
3264:
Solé i Sabaté, Josep Maria; Villarroya i Font, Joan (1993).
2800:
Historia general de España: Llegada y apogeo de los Borbones
2506:
and the demands from Catalan society for the return of the "
2375:
2318:
School map of Spain from 1850, divided into four parts: The
5148:
4977:
2622:
of Castilian basis, promoted and later consolidated by the
2614:
Anti-Catalanism can be found in the debates concerning the
1992:
1821:
2867:
Bibliografia catalana dels anys més difícils (1939-1943)
2489:
2338:, which includes the Basque-speaking territories; and
2132:
that expresses disdain, discrimination, or hatred for
2438:
1943 book printing in Catalan virtually disappeared.
2120:) is the collective name given to various trends in
2940:"Actuación diferente del PP en Cataluña y Andalucía"
2529:, which was fully supported by the party chaired by
27:
Feeling or expression of hate towards Catalan people
2963:"«El mataren per independentista» - 21 juliol 2009"
2685:, Diec2, Barcelona, Edicions 62, 2007, pàgina 334,
2260:
2273:. The Castilian hegemony in the newly established
5112:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States
2609:
2402:period, the retoric use of Catalanophobia by the
1956:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States
5253:
2269:with the Crown of Aragon took place through the
4772:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting)
2758:
2732:
1600:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting)
4254:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups
2362:
1076:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups
3317:
2863:
2081:
3282:
3228:
3216:
2901:
2797:
4470:List of people killed for being transgender
3060:
2733:Tardà Fernàndez, Joan (19 September 2019).
2280:At the beginning of the 16th century, King
2208:
1292:List of people killed for being transgender
3324:
3310:
2709:
2088:
2074:
3283:Baydal, Vicent; Palomo, Cristian (2020).
3078:
2915:
2413:"In the days following the occupation of
2376:Persecution of Catalan in Francoist Spain
2342:, with the remaining colonial territories
2334:, including most Catalan-speaking areas;
2197:, whether in the past or in the present.
80:Learn how and when to remove this message
3581:Social determinants of health in poverty
3013:"Los nombres clave de 'Dolça Catalunya'"
3010:
2848:
2846:
2844:
2493:
2456:, which even today are reference works.
2419:
2313:
381:Social determinants of health in poverty
60:Relevant discussion may be found on the
2822:
2763:. L'Abadia de Montserrat. p. 217.
2518:in order to enact a harsh repression.
2410:points out in "The Spanish Holocaust":
14:
5254:
2864:Manent, Albert; Crexell, Joan (1988).
3305:
2841:
2571:In the 2010s, some organizations and
2490:After Spanish transition to democracy
2115:
5236:
4276:Capital punishment for homosexuality
3586:Social determinants of mental health
3156:(in Spanish). El Confidencial. 2017.
2595:2017 Catalan independence referendum
2382:Language policies of Francoist Spain
1098:Capital punishment for homosexuality
386:Social determinants of mental health
29:
4396:Genital modification and mutilation
2322:, that includes most of the former
1218:Genital modification and mutilation
24:
3331:
3244:
3054:
3029:
3004:
2980:
2852:
2710:Ribalaygue, Jordi (16 July 2022).
2257:for being "barbaric and Catalan".
25:
5293:
2997:Grup de Periodistes Ramon Barnils
2960:
2521:In 2006 the Spanish conservative
5235:
5226:
5225:
4875:Diversity, equity, and inclusion
4712:Law for Protection of the Nation
4612:White genocide conspiracy theory
3263:
3113:. La Vanguardia. 19 October 2011
2890:
2759:Coll i Alentorn, Miquel (1992).
2538:autonomous community of Valencia
2527:Statute of Autonomy of Andalusia
2504:Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia
2388:dictatorship of Francisco Franco
2261:Spain in the early modern period
2156:. It can also be referred to as
1711:Diversity, equity, and inclusion
1540:Law for Protection of the Nation
1434:White genocide conspiracy theory
111:
34:
4717:MSM blood donation restrictions
4465:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory
3238:
3222:
3210:
3188:
3174:
3160:
3146:
3125:
3103:
3011:Salvador, Xavier (2019-09-08).
2954:
2932:
2895:
2891:Solé, Villarroya, repressió 217
2884:
2853:Aracil et al., Mundo actual 273
2556:was assassinated by a group of
1545:MSM blood donation restrictions
1287:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory
4730:(as religious or racial quota)
2857:
2816:
2798:de la Cierva, Ricardo (1981).
2791:
2777:
2752:
2726:
2703:
2676:
2610:Spanish historical revisionism
2330:: territories from the former
2167:
1558:(as religious or racial quota)
13:
1:
5144:Second-generation gender bias
4860:Constitutional colorblindness
3576:Social determinants of health
2669:
2600:
2426:Spanish Syndical Organization
2301:War of the Spanish Succession
1988:Second-generation gender bias
1696:Constitutional colorblindness
376:Social determinants of health
3170:(in Spanish). Público. 2018.
2902:Pujol Berché, Mercè (2013).
7:
5055:Medical model of disability
4907:Hate speech laws by country
2637:
2363:The 19th and 20th centuries
2217:'s military expansion into
2117:[ˌantikətələˈnizmə]
1899:Medical model of disability
1743:Hate speech laws by country
10:
5298:
5164:Social model of disability
3631:Discrimination against men
2590:Catalan-Valencian speakers
2536:On the other hand, in the
2482:singing in Catalan at the
2379:
2320:fully constitutional Spain
2265:The dynastic union of the
2203:
2008:Social model of disability
431:Discrimination against men
5282:Linguistic discrimination
5221:
4960:
4837:
4630:
4517:Opposition to immigration
4241:
3881:
3723:
3483:
3433:Race / Ethnicity
3370:
3339:
2544:". On 11 April 1993, the
2424:Leaflet of the Francoist
2305:Principality of Catalonia
1339:Opposition to immigration
225:Race / Ethnicity
5277:Discrimination in France
4512:Occupational segregation
4281:Compulsory sterilization
3229:Baydal & Palomo 2020
3217:Baydal & Palomo 2020
3198:. RTVE. 18 November 2020
3043:(in Spanish). 2019-09-08
3000:(in Catalan). Barcelona.
2546:pro-Catalan independence
2209:Italy in the Middle Ages
1334:Occupational segregation
1103:Compulsory sterilization
43:This article or section
5272:Discrimination in Spain
5267:Anti-national sentiment
5040:Internalized oppression
4902:Fighting Discrimination
4892:Fat acceptance movement
4850:Anti-discrimination law
4490:Native American mascots
2802:. Planeta. p. 78.
2484:Eurovision Song Contest
2295:of 1716 promulgated by
2291:In accordance with the
1884:Internalized oppression
1738:Fighting Discrimination
1728:Fat acceptance movement
1686:Anti-discrimination law
1312:Native American mascots
5159:Social identity threat
5132:Reverse discrimination
5122:Racial color blindness
4602:Violence against women
4582:Sex-selective abortion
3268:(in Catalan). Curial.
2942:. El País. 2 July 2007
2823:Preston, Paul (2011).
2624:Francoist dictatorship
2499:
2434:
2353:dictatorship of Franco
2343:
2282:Ferdinand II of Aragon
2108:
2101:Anti-Catalan sentiment
2003:Social identity threat
1976:Reverse discrimination
1966:Racial color blindness
1424:Violence against women
1404:Sex-selective abortion
5127:Religious intolerance
5087:Political correctness
4917:Intersex human rights
4865:Cultural assimilation
4547:Religious persecution
4311:Disability hate crime
4096:Jewish / Antisemitism
3135:. Vilaweb. 2022-04-05
2825:The Spanish Holocaust
2583:language secessionism
2497:
2461:Manuel Fraga Iribarne
2423:
2317:
2286:Isabella I of Castile
1971:Religious intolerance
1931:Political correctness
1753:Intersex human rights
1701:Cultural assimilation
1369:Religious persecution
1133:Disability hate crime
910:Jewish / Antisemitism
47:synthesis of material
4532:Political repression
3536:Anti-left handedness
3526:Anti-intellectualism
2827:. Base. p. 63.
2616:history of Catalonia
2562:Spanish nationalists
1354:Political repression
336:Anti-left handedness
326:Anti-intellectualism
5035:Historical eugenics
4572:Segregation academy
4552:Religious terrorism
4341:Enemy of the people
4249:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric
3763:Jehovah's Witnesses
3656:Perpetual foreigner
2552:Valencian activist
2441:With the defeat of
2293:Nueva Planta decree
2146:Catalan nationalism
1879:Historical eugenics
1394:Segregation academy
1374:Religious terrorism
1163:Enemy of the people
1071:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric
571:Jehovah's Witnesses
456:Perpetual foreigner
4947:Social integration
4942:Self-determination
4932:Racial integration
4880:Diversity training
4870:Cultural pluralism
4845:Affirmative action
4745:Racial segregation
4655:Crime of apartheid
4557:Religious violence
4060:Indigenous people
3460:Sexual orientation
3080:10.5209/TEKN.63113
2917:10.4000/amnis.2061
2500:
2480:Joan Manuel Serrat
2435:
2344:
2239:Francesco Petrarca
2235:Giovanni Boccaccio
1783:Social integration
1778:Self-determination
1768:Racial integration
1716:Diversity training
1706:Cultural pluralism
1681:Affirmative action
1573:Racial segregation
1483:Crime of apartheid
1379:Religious violence
874:Indigenous people
252:Sexual orientation
57:to the main topic.
51:verifiably mention
45:possibly contains
5249:
5248:
5117:Racism by country
5045:Intersectionality
5030:Heteronormativity
4829:Voter suppression
4577:Sexual harassment
4376:Forced conversion
4296:Cultural genocide
3959:African Americans
3773:post–Cold War era
3758:Eastern Orthodoxy
3521:Anti-drug addicts
3516:Anti-homelessness
3443:Scientific racism
3294:978-84-9766-689-3
3287:. Vic: Ed. Eumo.
3041:Metrópoli Abierta
2834:978-84-15267-23-2
2699:978-84-297-5977-8
2691:978-84-412-1454-5
2512:Spanish Civil War
2400:Spanish Civil War
2328:Assimilated Spain
2275:Monarchy of Spain
2271:Catholic Monarchs
2251:Serafino Aquilano
2195:national identity
2098:
2097:
1961:Racism by country
1889:Intersectionality
1874:Heteronormativity
1657:Voter suppression
1399:Sexual harassment
1198:Forced conversion
1118:Cultural genocide
775:African Americans
581:post–Cold War era
566:Eastern Orthodoxy
321:Anti-drug addicts
316:Anti-homelessness
235:Scientific racism
90:
89:
82:
16:(Redirected from
5289:
5239:
5238:
5229:
5228:
5169:Social privilege
5154:Social exclusion
5082:Police brutality
5003:Multiculturalism
4973:Amatonormativity
4804:Social exclusion
4640:Age of candidacy
4440:Homeless dumping
4346:Ethnic cleansing
3326:
3319:
3312:
3303:
3302:
3298:
3279:
3260:
3232:
3226:
3220:
3214:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3203:
3192:
3186:
3185:
3184:. Vilaweb. 2019.
3178:
3172:
3171:
3164:
3158:
3157:
3150:
3144:
3143:
3141:
3140:
3129:
3123:
3122:
3120:
3118:
3107:
3101:
3100:
3082:
3058:
3052:
3051:
3049:
3048:
3033:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3023:
3008:
3002:
3001:
2993:
2984:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2974:
2958:
2952:
2951:
2949:
2947:
2936:
2930:
2929:
2919:
2899:
2893:
2888:
2882:
2881:
2861:
2855:
2850:
2839:
2838:
2820:
2814:
2813:
2795:
2789:
2788:
2781:
2775:
2774:
2756:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2745:
2730:
2724:
2723:
2721:
2719:
2707:
2701:
2680:
2508:Salamanca Papers
2392:Catalan language
2324:Crown of Castile
2309:Spanish language
2267:Crown of Castile
2174:Catalan language
2150:Catalan language
2119:
2114:
2090:
2083:
2076:
2013:Social privilege
1998:Social exclusion
1926:Police brutality
1847:Multiculturalism
1817:Amatonormativity
1632:Social exclusion
1468:Age of candidacy
1262:Homeless dumping
1168:Ethnic cleansing
115:
92:
91:
85:
78:
74:
71:
65:
38:
37:
30:
21:
5297:
5296:
5292:
5291:
5290:
5288:
5287:
5286:
5262:Anti-Catalanism
5252:
5251:
5250:
5245:
5217:
5092:Polyculturalism
4988:Civil liberties
4956:
4937:Reappropriation
4838:Countermeasures
4833:
4762:Racial steering
4728:Numerus clausus
4632:
4626:
4351:Ethnic conflict
4286:Corrective rape
4237:
3877:
3832:minority Muslim
3719:
3611:HIV/AIDS stigma
3479:
3428:Mental disorder
3366:
3335:
3330:
3295:
3276:
3257:
3241:
3236:
3235:
3227:
3223:
3215:
3211:
3201:
3199:
3194:
3193:
3189:
3180:
3179:
3175:
3166:
3165:
3161:
3152:
3151:
3147:
3138:
3136:
3131:
3130:
3126:
3116:
3114:
3109:
3108:
3104:
3059:
3055:
3046:
3044:
3035:
3034:
3030:
3021:
3019:
3009:
3005:
2991:
2985:
2981:
2972:
2970:
2959:
2955:
2945:
2943:
2938:
2937:
2933:
2900:
2896:
2889:
2885:
2878:
2862:
2858:
2851:
2842:
2835:
2821:
2817:
2810:
2796:
2792:
2783:
2782:
2778:
2771:
2757:
2753:
2743:
2741:
2731:
2727:
2717:
2715:
2708:
2704:
2683:«Catalanofòbia»
2681:
2677:
2672:
2640:
2632:social networks
2612:
2603:
2578:Dolça Catalunya
2492:
2384:
2378:
2365:
2332:Crown of Aragón
2263:
2231:Dante Alighieri
2215:Crown of Aragon
2211:
2206:
2170:
2158:Anti-Catalanism
2142:Catalan culture
2112:
2109:anticatalanisme
2094:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2062:
2061:
1936:Polyculturalism
1832:Civil liberties
1804:
1796:
1795:
1794:
1793:
1792:
1773:Reappropriation
1673:
1672:Countermeasures
1665:
1664:
1663:
1662:
1661:
1590:Racial steering
1556:Numerus clausus
1460:
1452:
1451:
1450:
1449:
1448:
1173:Ethnic conflict
1108:Corrective rape
1063:
1055:
1054:
1053:
1052:
1051:
700:
689:
688:
687:
686:
685:
640:minority Muslim
533:
523:
522:
521:
520:
519:
411:HIV/AIDS stigma
283:
275:
274:
273:
272:
271:
220:Mental disorder
162:
154:
153:
152:
151:
150:
123:
86:
75:
69:
66:
59:
49:which does not
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
18:Anti-Catalanism
15:
12:
11:
5:
5295:
5285:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5247:
5246:
5244:
5243:
5233:
5222:
5219:
5218:
5216:
5215:
5210:
5209:
5208:
5198:
5193:
5188:
5187:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5166:
5161:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5141:
5140:
5139:
5137:Reverse racism
5129:
5124:
5119:
5114:
5109:
5107:Prisoner abuse
5104:
5099:
5097:Power distance
5094:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5063:
5062:
5052:
5047:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5015:Ethnic penalty
5012:
5011:
5010:
5008:Neurodiversity
5005:
4995:
4993:Dehumanization
4990:
4985:
4983:Cisnormativity
4980:
4975:
4970:
4964:
4962:
4961:Related topics
4958:
4957:
4955:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4883:
4882:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4841:
4839:
4835:
4834:
4832:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4819:State religion
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4800:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4784:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4759:
4758:
4757:
4755:Nuremberg Laws
4752:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4697:Ghetto benches
4694:
4692:Gerrymandering
4689:
4684:
4679:
4677:Gender pay gap
4674:
4673:
4672:
4667:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4636:
4634:
4631:Discriminatory
4628:
4627:
4625:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4508:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4460:Lavender scare
4457:
4455:Kill Haole Day
4452:
4450:Indian rolling
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4426:
4425:
4415:
4410:
4409:
4408:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4336:Eliminationism
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4271:Cancel culture
4268:
4263:
4258:
4257:
4256:
4245:
4243:
4242:Manifestations
4239:
4238:
4236:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4138:Middle Eastern
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4104:
4103:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4077:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3972:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3940:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3888:
3886:
3879:
3878:
3876:
3875:
3873:Zoroastrianism
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3849:
3848:
3838:
3837:
3836:
3835:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3799:
3798:
3797:
3795:Untouchability
3792:
3782:
3777:
3776:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3729:
3727:
3721:
3720:
3718:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3706:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3685:
3684:
3683:
3678:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3621:Leprosy stigma
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3487:
3485:
3481:
3480:
3478:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3446:
3445:
3440:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3374:
3372:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3343:
3341:
3337:
3336:
3333:Discrimination
3329:
3328:
3321:
3314:
3306:
3300:
3299:
3293:
3280:
3274:
3261:
3256:978-8483380062
3255:
3240:
3237:
3234:
3233:
3221:
3209:
3187:
3173:
3159:
3145:
3124:
3102:
3069:(in Spanish).
3053:
3028:
3017:Crónica Global
3015:(in Spanish).
3003:
2979:
2961:peiró, empar.
2953:
2931:
2894:
2883:
2876:
2856:
2840:
2833:
2815:
2808:
2790:
2776:
2769:
2751:
2725:
2714:. TotBarcelona
2702:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2667:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2639:
2636:
2620:historiography
2611:
2608:
2602:
2599:
2575:blogs such as
2554:Guillem Agulló
2523:People's Party
2491:
2488:
2377:
2374:
2364:
2361:
2340:Colonial Spain
2262:
2259:
2247:Pietro Aretino
2243:Luigi Alamanni
2227:southern Italy
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2187:Catalanophobia
2169:
2166:
2162:Catalanophobia
2096:
2095:
2093:
2092:
2085:
2078:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2060:
2059:
2054:
2053:
2052:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2031:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1984:
1983:
1981:Reverse racism
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1951:Prisoner abuse
1948:
1943:
1941:Power distance
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1907:
1906:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1859:Ethnic penalty
1856:
1855:
1854:
1852:Neurodiversity
1849:
1839:
1837:Dehumanization
1834:
1829:
1827:Cisnormativity
1824:
1819:
1814:
1808:
1807:
1806:
1805:
1803:Related topics
1802:
1801:
1798:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1719:
1718:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1677:
1676:
1675:
1674:
1671:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1660:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1647:State religion
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1628:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1586:
1585:
1583:Nuremberg Laws
1580:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1525:Ghetto benches
1522:
1520:Gerrymandering
1517:
1512:
1507:
1505:Gender pay gap
1502:
1501:
1500:
1495:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1462:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1330:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1282:Lavender scare
1279:
1277:Kill Haole Day
1274:
1272:Indian rolling
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1248:
1247:
1237:
1232:
1231:
1230:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1158:Eliminationism
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1093:Cancel culture
1090:
1085:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1064:
1062:Manifestations
1061:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
952:Middle Eastern
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
918:
917:
907:
902:
897:
892:
891:
890:
885:
880:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
799:
794:
789:
788:
787:
782:
777:
767:
762:
757:
756:
755:
750:
745:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
710:
704:
703:
702:
701:
695:
694:
691:
690:
684:
683:
681:Zoroastrianism
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
657:
656:
646:
645:
644:
643:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
607:
606:
605:
603:Untouchability
600:
590:
585:
584:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
553:
548:
543:
537:
536:
535:
534:
529:
528:
525:
524:
518:
517:
512:
507:
506:
505:
500:
495:
485:
484:
483:
478:
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
423:
421:Leprosy stigma
418:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
333:
328:
323:
318:
313:
308:
303:
298:
293:
287:
286:
285:
284:
281:
280:
277:
276:
270:
269:
264:
259:
254:
249:
244:
239:
238:
237:
232:
222:
217:
212:
207:
202:
197:
192:
187:
182:
177:
172:
166:
165:
164:
163:
160:
159:
156:
155:
149:
148:
143:
138:
133:
127:
126:
125:
124:
121:
120:
117:
116:
108:
107:
105:Discrimination
101:
100:
88:
87:
42:
40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5294:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5259:
5257:
5242:
5234:
5232:
5224:
5223:
5220:
5214:
5211:
5207:
5204:
5203:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5191:Social stigma
5189:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5171:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5138:
5135:
5134:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5108:
5105:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5061:
5058:
5057:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5018:
5016:
5013:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
5000:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4965:
4963:
4959:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4881:
4878:
4877:
4876:
4873:
4871:
4868:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4842:
4840:
4836:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4814:State atheism
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4779:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4750:Jim Crow laws
4748:
4747:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4735:One-drop rule
4733:
4731:
4729:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4662:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4650:Blood quantum
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4637:
4635:
4629:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4597:Victimisation
4595:
4593:
4592:Trans bashing
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4562:Religious war
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4542:Racialization
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4492:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4424:
4421:
4420:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4413:Glass ceiling
4411:
4407:
4404:
4403:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4356:Ethnic hatred
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4291:Counter-jihad
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4255:
4252:
4251:
4250:
4247:
4246:
4244:
4240:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4102:
4099:
4098:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4075:
4074:United States
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4061:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3956:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3938:
3937:United States
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3924:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3889:
3887:
3885:
3880:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3858:Protestantism
3856:
3854:
3851:
3847:
3844:
3843:
3842:
3839:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3809:
3808:
3805:
3804:
3803:
3800:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3787:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3768:LDS or Mormon
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3750:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3730:
3728:
3726:
3722:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3698:Transmisogyny
3696:
3694:
3691:
3690:
3689:
3686:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3673:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3601:Gerontophobia
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3531:Anti-intersex
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3506:Anti-albinism
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3488:
3486:
3482:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3435:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3375:
3373:
3369:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3347:Institutional
3345:
3344:
3342:
3338:
3334:
3327:
3322:
3320:
3315:
3313:
3308:
3307:
3304:
3296:
3290:
3286:
3281:
3277:
3275:9788472569577
3271:
3267:
3262:
3258:
3252:
3248:
3243:
3242:
3230:
3225:
3218:
3213:
3197:
3191:
3183:
3177:
3169:
3163:
3155:
3149:
3134:
3128:
3112:
3106:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3064:
3057:
3042:
3038:
3032:
3018:
3014:
3007:
2999:
2998:
2990:
2983:
2968:
2964:
2957:
2941:
2935:
2927:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2898:
2892:
2887:
2879:
2873:
2869:
2868:
2860:
2854:
2849:
2847:
2845:
2836:
2830:
2826:
2819:
2811:
2805:
2801:
2794:
2786:
2780:
2772:
2770:9788478262991
2766:
2762:
2755:
2740:
2736:
2729:
2713:
2706:
2700:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2684:
2679:
2675:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2654:Polaco (slur)
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2641:
2635:
2633:
2627:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2607:
2598:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2584:
2580:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2534:
2532:
2531:Mariano Rajoy
2528:
2524:
2519:
2517:
2516:Franco's army
2513:
2509:
2505:
2496:
2487:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2475:
2470:
2469:Teatre català
2465:
2462:
2457:
2455:
2451:
2450:
2444:
2439:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2418:
2416:
2411:
2409:
2405:
2404:Rebel faction
2401:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2383:
2373:
2371:
2360:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2341:
2337:
2333:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2316:
2312:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2289:
2287:
2283:
2278:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2258:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2165:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2118:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2091:
2086:
2084:
2079:
2077:
2072:
2071:
2069:
2068:
2058:
2055:
2051:
2048:
2047:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2035:Social stigma
2033:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1809:
1800:
1799:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1717:
1714:
1713:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1678:
1669:
1668:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1642:State atheism
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1607:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1578:Jim Crow laws
1576:
1575:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1563:One-drop rule
1561:
1559:
1557:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1490:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1478:Blood quantum
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1456:
1455:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1419:Victimisation
1417:
1415:
1414:Trans bashing
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
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1178:Ethnic hatred
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1113:Counter-jihad
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666:Protestantism
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576:LDS or Mormon
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498:Transmisogyny
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401:Gerontophobia
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331:Anti-intersex
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306:Anti-albinism
304:
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131:Institutional
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84:
81:
73:
70:February 2018
63:
58:
56:
52:
48:
41:
32:
31:
19:
5025:Gender-blind
4912:Human rights
4740:Racial quota
4727:
4707:Jewish quota
4687:Gerontocracy
4682:Gender roles
4660:Disabilities
4645:Blood purity
4617:Wife selling
4607:White flight
4587:Slut-shaming
4567:Scapegoating
4485:Murder music
4158:Palestinians
4101:Anti-Zionism
3985:
3969:South Africa
3954:Black people
3932:South Africa
3748:Christianity
3738:Baháʼí Faith
3666:Sectarianism
3606:Heterosexism
3571:Ephebiphobia
3541:Anti-Masonry
3408:Hair texture
3284:
3265:
3246:
3239:Bibliography
3231:, p. 85
3224:
3219:, p. 83
3212:
3200:. Retrieved
3190:
3176:
3162:
3148:
3137:. Retrieved
3127:
3115:. Retrieved
3105:
3073:(1): 33–53.
3070:
3066:
3056:
3045:. Retrieved
3040:
3031:
3020:. Retrieved
3006:
2995:
2982:
2971:. Retrieved
2969:(in Catalan)
2967:El Punt Avui
2966:
2956:
2944:. Retrieved
2934:
2907:
2897:
2886:
2866:
2859:
2824:
2818:
2799:
2793:
2779:
2760:
2754:
2742:. Retrieved
2738:
2728:
2716:. Retrieved
2705:
2678:
2659:State nation
2644:Black legend
2628:
2613:
2604:
2587:
2576:
2570:
2550:anti-fascist
2535:
2520:
2501:
2472:
2468:
2466:
2458:
2453:
2447:
2443:Nazi Germany
2440:
2436:
2412:
2408:Paul Preston
2385:
2366:
2357:White Terror
2345:
2339:
2335:
2327:
2319:
2290:
2279:
2264:
2255:Calixtus III
2212:
2199:
2186:
2171:
2161:
2157:
2100:
2099:
1869:Gender-blind
1748:Human rights
1568:Racial quota
1555:
1535:Jewish quota
1515:Gerontocracy
1510:Gender roles
1488:Disabilities
1473:Blood purity
1439:Wife selling
1429:White flight
1409:Slut-shaming
1389:Scapegoating
1307:Murder music
972:Palestinians
915:Anti-Zionism
785:South Africa
770:Black people
748:South Africa
556:Christianity
546:Baháʼí Faith
466:Sectarianism
406:Heterosexism
371:Ephebiphobia
341:Anti-Masonry
200:Hair texture
76:
67:
44:
4927:Nonviolence
4922:LGBT rights
4887:Empowerment
4855:Anti-racism
4777:Segregation
4722:No kid zone
4522:Persecution
4435:Hate speech
4386:Gay bashing
4361:Ethnic joke
4316:Dog whistle
4261:Blood libel
3949:Azerbaijani
3853:Neopaganism
3846:Persecution
3807:Persecution
3790:Persecution
3753:Catholicism
3688:Transphobia
3671:Supremacism
3626:Lesbophobia
3546:Aporophobia
3511:Anti-autism
3362:Taste-based
3357:Statistical
2336:Foral Spain
2168:Description
1763:Nonviolence
1758:LGBT rights
1723:Empowerment
1691:Anti-racism
1605:Segregation
1550:No kid zone
1344:Persecution
1257:Hate speech
1208:Gay bashing
1183:Ethnic joke
1138:Dog whistle
1083:Blood libel
765:Azerbaijani
661:Neopaganism
654:Persecution
615:Persecution
598:Persecution
561:Catholicism
488:Transphobia
471:Supremacism
426:Lesbophobia
346:Aporophobia
311:Anti-autism
146:Taste-based
141:Statistical
5256:Categories
5201:Stereotype
5196:Speciesism
5077:Oppression
5072:Oikophobia
4968:Allophilia
4952:Toleration
4809:Sodomy law
4702:Internment
4622:Witch-hunt
4500:Blackhawks
4430:Hate group
4418:Hate crime
4391:Gendercide
4381:Freak show
4371:Excellence
4331:Employment
4301:Defamation
4233:Vietnamese
4228:Venezuelan
4118:Lithuanian
3780:Falun Gong
3715:Xenophobia
3710:Vegaphobia
3693:Non-binary
3651:Pedophobia
3616:Homophobia
3438:Skin color
3398:Disability
3371:Attributes
3352:Structural
3139:2023-04-27
3047:2022-07-25
3022:2022-07-25
2973:2024-02-11
2877:8472029379
2809:8485753003
2670:References
2649:Lerrouxism
2601:Statistics
2566:Montanejos
2476:(New Song)
2474:Nova Cançó
2433:language."
2431:Cervantine
2396:Castillian
2380:See also:
2299:after the
2182:traditions
2045:Stereotype
2040:Speciesism
1921:Oppression
1916:Oikophobia
1812:Allophilia
1788:Toleration
1637:Sodomy law
1530:Internment
1444:Witch-hunt
1322:Blackhawks
1252:Hate group
1240:Hate crime
1213:Gendercide
1203:Freak show
1193:Excellence
1153:Employment
1123:Defamation
1047:Vietnamese
1042:Venezuelan
932:Lithuanian
588:Falun Gong
515:Xenophobia
510:Vegaphobia
493:Non-binary
451:Pedophobia
416:Homophobia
230:Skin color
190:Disability
161:Attributes
136:Structural
5174:Christian
5102:Prejudice
5050:Masculism
4998:Diversity
4792:religious
4767:Redlining
4366:Ethnocide
4326:Education
4218:Ukrainian
4153:Pakistani
4143:Mongolian
4064:Australia
4046:Hungarian
4001:Colombian
3981:Bulgarian
3863:Rastafari
3812:Ahmadiyya
3725:Religious
3703:Trans men
3661:Pregnancy
3596:Gayphobia
3591:Fatphobia
3496:Acephobia
3491:Arophobia
3475:Viewpoint
3097:199318451
3089:1549-2230
2926:1764-7193
2573:fake news
2558:neo-nazis
2542:Blaverism
2486:in 1968.
2134:Catalonia
2018:Christian
1946:Prejudice
1894:Masculism
1842:Diversity
1620:religious
1595:Redlining
1188:Ethnocide
1148:Education
1032:Ukrainian
967:Pakistani
957:Mongolian
878:Australia
860:Hungarian
815:Colombian
797:Bulgarian
671:Rastafari
620:Ahmadiyya
531:Religious
503:Trans men
461:Pregnancy
396:Gayphobia
391:Fatphobia
296:Acephobia
291:Arophobia
267:Viewpoint
62:talk page
5231:Category
5213:The talk
5149:Snobbery
5067:Net bias
4897:Feminism
4824:Ugly law
4665:Catholic
4633:policies
4480:Mortgage
4475:Lynching
4406:examples
4401:Genocide
4321:Economic
4306:Democide
4266:Bullying
4183:Romanian
4148:Nigerian
4091:Japanese
4026:Georgian
4011:Filipino
3944:Assyrian
3917:Armenian
3907:American
3902:Albanian
3884:National
3868:Yazidism
3785:Hinduism
3743:Buddhism
3646:Nepotism
3641:Misogyny
3636:Misandry
3561:Clannism
3556:Biphobia
3501:Adultism
3418:Language
2761:Història
2739:El Temps
2664:Vergonha
2638:See also
2370:textiles
2355:and the
2297:Philip V
2223:Sardinia
2191:boycotts
2138:Catalans
2057:The talk
1993:Snobbery
1911:Net bias
1733:Feminism
1652:Ugly law
1493:Catholic
1459:Policies
1302:Mortgage
1297:Lynching
1228:examples
1223:Genocide
1143:Economic
1128:Democide
1088:Bullying
997:Romanian
962:Nigerian
905:Japanese
840:Georgian
825:Filipino
760:Assyrian
733:Armenian
723:American
718:Albanian
698:national
676:Yazidism
593:Hinduism
551:Buddhism
446:Nepotism
441:Misogyny
436:Misandry
361:Clannism
356:Biphobia
301:Adultism
210:Language
97:a series
95:Part of
5241:Commons
5020:Figleaf
4445:Housing
4213:Turkish
4163:Pashtun
4133:Mexican
4113:Kurdish
4086:Italian
4036:Haitian
4021:Finnish
3996:Chinese
3991:Chechen
3986:Catalan
3976:Bengali
3897:African
3882:Ethnic/
3841:Judaism
3827:Sunnism
3817:Shi'ism
3733:Atheism
3566:Elitism
3465:Species
3403:Genetic
3393:Dialect
2787:. 1714.
2471:), the
2449:Odyssey
2349:Castile
2204:History
2154:history
2152:or its
2105:Catalan
1864:Figleaf
1267:Housing
1027:Turkish
977:Pashtun
947:Mexican
927:Kurdish
900:Italian
850:Haitian
835:Finnish
810:Chinese
805:Chechen
801:Catalan
792:Bengali
713:African
696:Ethnic/
649:Judaism
635:Sunnism
625:Shi'ism
541:Atheism
366:Elitism
257:Species
195:Genetic
185:Dialect
5206:threat
5060:autism
4797:sexual
4787:racial
4670:Jewish
4527:Pogrom
4505:Chiefs
4495:Braves
4223:Uyghur
4198:Somali
4193:Slavic
4178:Romani
4173:Quebec
4168:Polish
4108:Korean
4069:Canada
4056:Indian
4041:Hazara
4016:Fulani
3927:France
3892:Afghan
3822:Sufism
3551:Audism
3484:Social
3413:Height
3291:
3272:
3253:
3202:2 June
3117:4 June
3095:
3087:
2946:22 May
2924:
2874:
2831:
2806:
2767:
2744:4 June
2718:4 June
2697:
2689:
2415:Lleida
2219:Sicily
2178:people
2126:France
2050:threat
1904:autism
1625:sexual
1615:racial
1498:Jewish
1349:Pogrom
1327:Chiefs
1317:Braves
1037:Uyghur
1012:Somali
1007:Slavic
992:Romani
987:Quebec
982:Polish
922:Korean
883:Canada
870:Indian
855:Hazara
830:Fulani
743:France
708:Afghan
630:Sufism
351:Audism
282:Social
205:Height
55:relate
5184:white
4537:Purge
4203:Tatar
4128:Māori
4123:Malay
4081:Irish
4031:Greek
4006:Croat
3964:China
3922:Asian
3802:Islam
3676:White
3423:Looks
3388:Class
3383:Caste
3340:Forms
3093:S2CID
2992:(PDF)
2908:Amnis
2136:, to
2130:Italy
2122:Spain
2028:white
1359:Purge
1017:Tatar
942:Māori
937:Malay
895:Irish
845:Greek
820:Croat
780:China
738:Asian
610:Islam
476:White
215:Looks
180:Class
175:Caste
122:Forms
5179:male
4978:Bias
4423:LGBT
4208:Thai
4188:Serb
4051:Igbo
3912:Arab
3681:Male
3470:Size
3450:Rank
3289:ISBN
3270:ISBN
3251:ISBN
3204:2024
3119:2024
3085:ISSN
2948:2024
2922:ISSN
2872:ISBN
2829:ISBN
2804:ISBN
2765:ISBN
2746:2024
2720:2024
2695:ISBN
2687:ISBN
2560:and
2548:and
2386:The
2225:and
2128:and
2113:IPA:
2023:male
1822:Bias
1245:LGBT
1022:Thai
1002:Serb
865:Igbo
728:Arab
481:Male
262:Size
242:Rank
4782:age
3455:Sex
3378:Age
3075:doi
2912:doi
2564:in
2514:by
2249:or
2164:.
2160:or
1610:age
247:Sex
170:Age
53:or
5258::
3091:.
3083:.
3071:16
3065:.
3039:.
2994:.
2965:.
2920:.
2910:.
2906:.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
