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report identified protection both as the principle need for many of the growing number of people affected by humanitarian crises, and the area where the humanitarian system was least effective.The report identified protection as the poorest funded of the various humanitarian activities, noting that
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Ordinarily, ensuring the rights of civilians is the activity of national governments, however the consequences of humanitarian emergencies or actions and omissions by governments may leave civilians in need of protection. Humanitarian protection needs tend to arise in times of armed conflict, civil
272:
Humanitarian activities relating to the protection of children include the provision of safe spaces for playing and learning. Regarding sexual and gender based violence, activities include support to health care, law enforcement, and judicial systems to support victims and the discouragement of
144:. The ICRC policy defines humanitarian protection as: ensuring authorities and others in power respect their own obligations to preserve the physical integrity, safety and dignity of people affected by conflict and violence. Protection activities include efforts to prevent or stop breaches of
752:
390:
was written when it was easier to distinguish military from civilians and was also written with the assumption that there was little military advantage to attacking civilian targets. These assumptions have become decreasingly accurate since the
37:. Outside of times of crises, national governments tend to have responsibility to ensure that people's rights are protected, but during humanitarian emergencies aid agencies often perform the task. Humanitarian protection by
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Between 2015 and 2017, the need for humanitarian protection increased, but critiques of the ability of some of the larger humanitarian aid agencies to meet them identified both successes and failures.
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identified "a significant gap between rhetoric and reality on protection." The amount spent by United
Nations agencies on protection is significantly less than no food and water provision.
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348:. The International Committee of the Red Cross works to improve and create humanitarian protection laws and to encourage compliance International Humanitarian Law amongst combatants.
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109:, humanitarian agencies began to consider protection to be part of their mandate. Humanitarian protection was subsequently debated at the United Nations, and the
1594:
724:
Steets, Julia; Binder, Andrew; Krüger, Susanna; Meier, Claudia; Grünewald, François; de
Geoffroy, VĂ©ronique; Kauffmann, Domitille; Sokpoh, B. (1 April 2010).
395:, as warring parties have increasingly deliberately targeted civilians and as the distinction between civilians and warring parties has become more opaque.
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A growing unmet need for humanitarian protection was identified in 2015, exacerbated by a major gap in donor-funding of humanitarian protection activities.
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As humanitarian actors and civilians have increasingly become targets in conflict, protection activities have modernised to include greater emphasis on
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Building human security through humanitarian protection and assistance: the potential of the
International Committee of the Red Cross
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made clear that combatants must protect civilians from harm, although the conventions did not explicitly define
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Until the 1990s, protection was considered predominately a legal issue, but after the legal mechanisms and
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include refugee camp coordination and management, early recovery, education, emergency telecommunication,
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Stoddard, Abby; Harmer, Adele; Haver, Katherine; Salomons, Dirk; Wheeler, Victoria (November 2007).
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The primary activities that humanitarian aid actors undertake with regards to protection relate to:
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277:, temporary shelter that protects people from the environment and from violence is often provided.
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only 30% of requests from humanitarian agencies to fund protection activities were met by donors.
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compliance, plus wider efforts to bolder international justice institutions. Legislation such as
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as a humanitarian activity. Protection as a humanitarian concept was introduced in the 1952
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Independent Whole of System Review of
Protection in the Context of Humanitarian Action
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political protection, military or security protection, legal and judicial protection,
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which has appointed one humanitarian agency as the focal point for each of the four
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1979 Convention on the
Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women
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is the act of promoting and ensuring the legal rights of people affected by
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Norah Niland, Riccardo
Polastro, Antonio Donini, Amra Lee (May 2015).
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The end of innocence: Humanitarian protection in the 21st century
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participate in providing responses and in coordinating services.
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were civilians and introduced steps to enhance their protection.
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Statutes of the
International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement
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The concept of humanitarian protection was established by the
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and responsibility to ensure protection was mandated to the
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Importance and effectiveness of humanitarian protection
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301:. In addition to the key United Nations Institutions,
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Humanitarian
Protection Cluster Activity Coordination
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in response to his government's killing of civilians.
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Bruderlein, Claude; Leaning, Jennifer (1999-08-14).
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United Nation clusters and coordinating institutions
422:have been used to improve humanitarian protection.
121:of April 19, 2000 noted that most victims of armed
82:which categorised all humanitarian activities into
1028:International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission
404:1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees
726:"Cluster Approach Evaluation II Synthesis Report"
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97:both failed to protect people from atrocities in
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1730:United Nations response to the COVID-19 pandemic
195:United Nations-coordinated protection activities
172:, most protection activities are coordinated by
113:issued an arrest warrant for Sudanese president
774:Journal of Conflict Transformation and Security
119:United Nations Security Council Resolution 1296
412:1984 United Nations Convention against Torture
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201:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
174:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
43:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
1725:Humanitarian Networks and Partnerships Weeks
838:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
478:"New challenges for humanitarian protection"
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1337:Yemen Relief and Reconstruction Foundation
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907:Global Protection Cluster official website
541:International Committee of the Red Cross,
416:1989 Convention on the Rights of the Child
130:International Committee of the Red Cross's
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429:(also known as killer robots) and use of
299:water, sanitation, and hygiene for health
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624:"Protection in Humanitarian Emergencies"
342:International Committee of the Red Cross
330:International Committee of the Red Cross
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170:International Committee of the Red Cross
136:categorised protection into four types:
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35:International Committee of the Red Cross
285:Major categories of the United Nations
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383:Relevance of legal framework post-WWII
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862:, The Limits of Humanitarian Action,
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241:Sexual and gender based violence
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601:. United Nations. 19 April 2000.
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362:State of the Humanitarian System
157:unrest, and in the aftermath of
148:and other relevant legislation.
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443:Attacks on humanitarian workers
431:unmanned combat aerial vehicles
1779:International humanitarian law
1648:Health Care In Danger Campaign
1547:Western African Ebola outbreak
1230:International Rescue Committee
1087:Humanitarian-Development Nexus
976:International humanitarian law
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400:international humanitarian law
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346:International Humanitarian Law
245:United Nations Population Fund
176:through its leadership of the
146:international humanitarian law
60:The Geneva Conventions of 1949
1:
1595:Sexual exploitation and abuse
1471:German Federal Foreign Office
1049:History of the United Nations
702:"Cluster Approach Evaluation"
681:www.humanitarianresponse.info
657:www.humanitarianresponse.info
453:
1710:2015 European migrant crisis
1638:Aid Worker Security Database
1512:Great Indian Famine of 1870s
1384:Global Humanitarian Overview
482:BMJ: British Medical Journal
420:1997 Ottawa Landmines Treaty
111:International Criminal Court
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1225:International Medical Corps
1097:Humanitarian Cluster System
864:Brookings Institution Press
586:Brookings Institution Press
563:Brookings Institution Press
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166:humanitarian cluster system
95:United Nations peacekeepers
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1715:Detention Centres in Libya
1600:Core Humanitarian Standard
1332:Network for Refugee Voices
1306:Global Refugee-Led Network
860:The Politics of Protection
582:The Politics of Protection
559:The Politics of Protection
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311:World Health Organization
273:perpetrators. To support
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212:areas of responsibilities
206:Global Protection Cluster
178:Global Protection Cluster
39:non-governmental agencies
1784:Human rights instruments
1557:South Sudanese Civil War
1532:2011 East Africa drought
1245:Médecins Sans Frontières
1210:Catholic Relief Services
494:10.1136/bmj.319.7207.430
321:Red Cross-led activities
64:In the aftermath of the
1663:Dolo hospital airstrike
1507:Chinese Famine of 1870s
1054:1951 Refugee Convention
971:Humanitarian principles
231:Protection of children
223:Area of Responsibility
142:humanitarian protection
31:1949 Geneva Conventions
20:Humanitarian protection
1643:World Humanitarian Day
1517:Ethiopian famine 1980s
1350:Analysis and reporting
1220:Danish Refugee Council
1198:International agencies
768:Shucksmith, Christy. "
628:Humanitarian Coalition
425:The increasing use of
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315:Red Crescent Societies
164:In the United Nations
61:
52:History and definition
41:is coordinated by the
1605:Sphere (organization)
1527:2010 Haiti earthquake
1445:Rachel Kiddell-Monroe
1205:Action Against Hunger
1179:The Federation (IFRC)
1012:A Memory of Solferino
751:Bruderlein, Claude. "
344:as the "guardian" of
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16:Humanitarian activity
1374:The New Humanitarian
1658:Airstrikes on Yemen
1006:Battle of Solferino
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24:humanitarian crises
1789:Medical neutrality
1454:Donors and funding
1189:Protective Emblems
1184:National Societies
1161:Red Cross Movement
1023:Geneva Conventions
1018:Red Cross Movement
992:1850s, Creation of
856:Elizabeth G Ferris
578:Elizabeth G Ferris
555:Elizabeth G Ferris
338:Geneva Conventions
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303:World Food Program
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70:Geneva Conventions
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1735:Aid effectiveness
1626:Aid worker safety
1562:Rohingya genocide
1500:Major emergencies
1410:Christos Christou
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1270:Save the Children
1240:MĂ©decins du Monde
1169:Seville Agreement
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959:in conflict zones
543:Protection Policy
488:(7207): 430–435.
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261:Land mine action
159:natural disasters
134:Protection Policy
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1754:World portal
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1703:Related articles
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