8208:
can promote and organize victim participation. NGOs outwardly comment on the Court's operations, "push for expansion of its activities especially in the new justice areas of outreach in conflict areas, in victims' participation and reparations, and in upholding due-process standards and defense 'equality of arms' and so implicitly set an agenda for the future evolution of the ICC." The relatively uninterrupted progression of NGO involvement with the ICC may mean that NGOs have become repositories of more institutional historical knowledge about the ICC than its national representatives, and have greater expertise than some of the organization's employees themselves. While NGOs look to mold the ICC to satisfy the interests and priorities that they have worked for since the early 1990s, they unavoidably press against the limits imposed upon the ICC by the states that are members of the organization. NGOs can pursue their own mandates, irrespective of whether they are compatible with those of other NGOs, while the ICC must respond to the complexities of its own mandate as well as those of the states and NGOs.
1695:. The Statute originally provided that the Court could not exercise its jurisdiction over the crime of aggression until such time as the states parties agreed on a definition of the crime and set out the conditions under which it could be prosecuted. Such an amendment was adopted at the first review conference of the ICC in Kampala, Uganda, in June 2010. This amendment specified that the ICC would not be allowed to exercise jurisdiction of the crime of aggression until two further conditions had been satisfied: (1) the amendment has entered into force for 30 states parties and (2) on or after 1 January 2017, the Assembly of States Parties has voted in favor of allowing the Court to exercise jurisdiction. On 26 June 2016 the first condition was satisfied and the state parties voted in favor of allowing the Court to exercise jurisdiction on 14 December 2017. The Court's jurisdiction to prosecute crimes of aggression was accordingly activated on 17 July 2018.
1860:
punishment for a crime within the jurisdiction of the Court if that person: Commits such a crime, whether as an individual, jointly with another or through another person, regardless of whether that other person is criminally responsible; Orders, solicits or induces the commission of such a crime which in fact occurs or is attempted; For the purpose of facilitating the commission of such a crime, aids, abets or otherwise assists in its commission or its attempted commission, including providing the means for its commission; In any other way contributes to the commission or attempted commission of such a crime by a group of persons acting with a common purpose. In respect of the crime of genocide, directly and publicly incites others to commit genocide; Attempts to commit such a crime by taking action that commences its execution by means of a substantial step, but the crime does not occur because of circumstances independent of the person's intentions
8688:
2093:
8101:, which limit its functional independence. Article 13 allows the Security Council to refer to the Court situations that would not otherwise fall under the Court's jurisdiction (as it did in relation to the situations in Darfur and Libya, which the Court could not otherwise have prosecuted as neither Sudan nor Libya are state parties). Article 16 allows the Security Council to require the Court to defer from investigating a case for a period of twelve months. Such a deferral may be renewed indefinitely by the Security Council. This sort of an arrangement gives the ICC some of the advantages inhering in the organs of the United Nations such as using the enforcement powers of the Security Council, but it also creates a risk of being tainted with the political controversies of the Security Council.
3765:
examination by first considering whether the alleged crimes fall within the subject-matter jurisdiction of the Court (phase 2). If the Office is satisfied that all the jurisdictional requirements are met, it then focuses on issues of admissibility by considering complementarity and the gravity of the alleged crimes (phase 3). If there are no admissibility concerns, the Office then considers the interests of justice and decides whether or not to begin a formal investigation (phase 4). Once a formal investigation is opened, it is also processed through different phases. It is first processed through an "investigation phase" (phase 1), in which the Office determines the scope of its caseload, and then through a "prosecution phase" (phase 2), in which the Office completes the caseload.
8212:
a gap between the large human rights organizations and the smaller peace-oriented organizations, it is difficult for ICC officials to manage and gratify all of their NGOs. "ICC officials recognize that the NGOs pursue their own agendas, and that they will seek to pressure the ICC in the direction of their own priorities rather than necessarily understanding or being fully sympathetic to the myriad constraints and pressures under which the Court operates." Both the ICC and the NGO community avoid criticizing each other publicly or vehemently, although NGOs have released advisory and cautionary messages regarding the ICC. They avoid taking stances that could potentially give the Court's adversaries, particularly the U.S., more motive to berate the organization.
2300:
2321:
535:
2615:
874:
1040:. The procedure is slightly different when referred by a state party or the Security Council, in which cases the prosecutor does not need authorization of the Pre-Trial Chamber to initiate the investigation. Where there is a reasonable basis to proceed, it is mandatory for the prosecutor to initiate an investigation. The factors listed in Article 53 considered for reasonable basis include whether the case would be admissible, and whether there are substantial reasons to believe that an investigation would not serve the interests of justice (the latter stipulates balancing against the gravity of the crime and the interests of the victims).
19014:
8775:
against the ICC prosecutor Fatou
Bensouda, and the ICC's head of Jurisdiction, Complementary, and Cooperation Division, Phakiso Mochochok, for an investigation into alleged war crimes by U.S. forces and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) in Afghanistan since 2003. "The US government has reason to doubt the honesty of the ICC. The Department of Justice has received substantial credible information that raises serious concerns about a long history of financial corruption and malfeasance at the highest levels of the office of the prosecutor", Attorney General
15731:
imposing a sentence of imprisonment, the Court shall deduct the time, if any, previously spent in detention in accordance with an order of the Court. The Court may deduct any time otherwise spent in detention in connection with conduct underlying the crime." The Court's Trial
Chamber VI determined in its sentencing decision that the time since 22 March 2013 is to be deducted from the sentence. Thus, Bosco Ntaganda is to be released on or before 22 March 2043. Starting from 22 March 2013, two-thirds of thirty years (twenty years) will elapse on 22 March 2033.
144:
2753:
1160:
8078:
8594:
1816:
date that the Rome
Statute entered into force. If a state became party to the Statute, and therefore a member of the Court, after 1 July 2002, then the Court cannot exercise jurisdiction prior to the membership date for certain cases. For example, if the Statute entered into force for a state on 1 January 2003, the Court could only exercise temporal jurisdiction over crimes that took place in that state or were committed by a national of that state on or after 1 January 2003.
8906:, reiterated that the ICC lacks checks and balances, exercises "jurisdiction over crimes that have disputed and ambiguous definitions", and has failed to "deter and punish atrocity crimes". The ICC, Bolton said, was "superfluous", given that "domestic judicial systems already hold American citizens to the highest legal and ethical standards". He added that the U.S. would do everything "to protect our citizens" should the ICC attempt to prosecute U.S. servicemen over alleged
8895:(ASPA), 116 Stat. 820. The ASPA authorizes the President of the United States to use "all means necessary and appropriate to bring about the release of any U.S. or allied personnel being detained or imprisoned by, on behalf of, or at the request of the International Criminal Court". This authorization has led the act to be nicknamed the "Hague Invasion Act", because the freeing of U.S. citizens by force might be possible only through military action.
8361:
158:
8264:
805:. The Review Conference led to the adoption of two resolutions that amended the crimes under the jurisdiction of the Court. Resolution 5 amended Article 8 on war crimes, criminalizing the use of certain kinds of weapons in non-international conflicts whose use was already forbidden in international conflicts. Resolution 6, pursuant to Article 5(2) of the Statute, provided the definition and a procedure for jurisdiction over the
1834:
applies regardless of the outcome of national proceedings. Even if an investigation is closed without any criminal charges being filed or if an accused person is acquitted by a national court, the Court will not prosecute an individual for the crime in question so long as it is satisfied that the national proceedings were legitimate. The application of the complementarity principle has recently come under theoretical scrutiny.
1224:
1131:, decides the Court's budget, adopts important texts (such as the Rules of Procedure and Evidence), and provides management oversight to the other organs of the Court. Article 46 of the Rome Statute allows the Assembly to remove from office a judge or prosecutor who "is found to have committed serious misconduct or a serious breach of his or her duties" or "is unable to exercise the functions required by this Statute".
18480:"Victor Tsilonis, "The Awakening Hypothesis of the Complementarity Principle", in C.D. Spinellis, Nikolaos Theodorakis, Emmanouil Billis, George Papadimitrakopoulos (eds.), Europe in Crisis: Crime, Criminal Justice and the Way Forward, Essays in Honour of Nestor Courakis, Volume II: Essays in English, French, German, and Italian, (Athens: Ant. N. Sakkoulas Publications), (2017), pp. 1257β1303"
8376:, only punishing leaders from small, weak states while ignoring crimes committed by richer and more powerful states. This sentiment has been expressed particularly by African leaders due to an alleged disproportionate focus of the Court on Africa, while it claims to have a global mandate. Until January 2016, all nine situations which the ICC had been investigating were in African countries.
1274:
office by an absolute majority of the states parties through a finding "to have committed serious misconduct or a serious breach of his or her duties" or is unable to exercise his or her functions. One critic said there are "insufficient checks and balances on the authority of the ICC prosecutor and judges" and "insufficient protection against politicized prosecutions or other abuses".
8719:), to signify the United States' opposition to any possible future jurisdiction of the court or its tribunals. The act gives the President the power to use "all means necessary and appropriate to bring about the release of any U.S. or allied personnel being detained or imprisoned by, on behalf of, or at the request of the International Criminal Court". During the administration of
1851:
there are substantial facts to warrant a prosecution and no other admissibility issues, the
Prosecutor must determine whether a prosecution would serve the interests of justice "taking into account all the circumstances, including the gravity of the crime, the interests of victims and the age or infirmity of the alleged perpetrator, and his or her role in the alleged crime".
8965:
result, the ICC has been used as a means of intervention in ongoing conflicts with the expectation that the indictments, arrests, and trials of elite perpetrators have deterrence and preventive effects for atrocity crimes. Despite these legitimate intentions and great expectations, there is little evidence of the efficacy of justice as a means to peace".
1205:
are not generally eligible for re-election. All judges must be nationals of states parties to the Rome
Statute, and no two judges may be nationals of the same state. They must be "persons of high moral character, impartiality and integrity who possess the qualifications required in their respective States for appointment to the highest judicial offices".
9838:
pressure have obliged the
Conference to by-pass very basic sovereign prerogatives to which we are entitled in drafting international conventions, in favour of finishing the work and achieving a Statute on a come-what-may basis. We continue to hope that the Court will indeed serve the lofty objectives for the attainment of which it is being established.
1703:." The Statute defines an "act of aggression" as "the use of armed force by a State against the sovereignty, territorial integrity or political independence of another State, or in any other manner inconsistent with the Charter of the United Nations." The article also contains a list of seven acts of aggression, which are identical to those in
16884:
1209:
majority of the other judges. Judges may be removed from office if "found to have committed serious misconduct or a serious breach of his or her duties" or is unable to exercise his or her functions. The removal of a judge requires both a two-thirds majority of the other judges and a two-thirds majority of the states parties.
1974:. Reparations can include compensation, restitution and rehabilitation, but other forms of reparations may be appropriate for individual, collective or community victims. Article 79 of the Rome Statute establishes a Trust Fund to provide assistance before a reparation order to victims in a situation or to support
8122:
responsibilities to civil society. According to
Benjamin Schiff, "From the Statute Conference onward, the relationship between the ICC and the NGOs has probably been closer, more consistent, and more vital to the Court than have analogous relations between NGOs and any other international organization."
8200:, and they use the ASP meetings to press for decisions promoting their priorities. Many of these NGOs have reasonable access to important officials at the ICC because of their involvement during the Statute process. They are engaged in monitoring, commenting upon, and assisting in the ICC's activities.
9984:
15897:
imposing a sentence of imprisonment, the Court shall deduct the time, if any, previously spent in detention in accordance with an order of the Court. The Court may deduct any time otherwise spent in detention in connection with conduct underlying the crime." The Court's Trial
Chamber IX determined in
8211:
Another issue has been that NGOs possess "exaggerated senses of their ownership over the organization and, having been vital to and successful in promoting the Court, were not managing to redefine their roles to permit the Court its necessary independence." Additionally, because there does exist such
8203:
The ICC often depends on NGOs to interact with local populations. The
Registry Public Information Office personnel and Victims Participation and Reparations Section officials hold seminars for local leaders, professionals and the media to spread the word about the Court. These are the kinds of events
8104:
The Court cooperates with the UN in many different areas, including the exchange of information and logistical support. The Court reports to the UN each year on its activities, and some meetings of the
Assembly of States Parties are held at UN facilities. The relationship between the Court and the UN
2291:
The building has a compact footprint and consists of six connected building volumes with a garden motif. The tallest volume with a green façade, placed in the middle of the design, is the Court Tower that accommodates three courtrooms. The rest of the building's volumes accommodate the offices of the
1815:
Temporal jurisdiction is the time period over which the Court can exercise its powers. No statute of limitations applies to any of the crimes defined in the Statute. This is not completely retroactive. Individuals can only be prosecuted for crimes that took place on or after 1 July 2002, which is the
1767:
Article 70 criminalizes certain intentional acts which interfere with investigations and proceedings before the Court, including giving false testimony, presenting false evidence, corruptly influencing a witness or official of the Court, retaliating against an official of the Court, and soliciting or
1698:
The Statute, as amended, defines the crime of aggression as "the planning, preparation, initiation or execution, by a person in a position effectively to exercise control over or to direct the political or military action of a State, of an act of aggression which, by its character, gravity and scale,
1349:
The Policy Paper published in September 2016 announced that the ICC will focus on environmental crimes when selecting the cases. According to this document, the Office will give particular consideration to prosecuting Rome Statute crimes that are committed by means of, or that result in, "inter alia,
1273:
Any person being investigated or prosecuted may request the disqualification of a prosecutor from any case "in which their impartiality might reasonably be doubted on any ground".< Requests for the disqualification of prosecutors are decided by the Appeals Chamber. A prosecutor may be removed from
1247:
The Office of the Prosecutor (OTP) is responsible for conducting investigations and prosecutions. It is headed by the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, who is assisted by one or more Deputy Prosecutors. The Rome Statute provides that the Office of the Prosecutor shall act independently;
1204:
The Judicial Divisions consist of the 18 judges of the Court, organized into three chambersβthe Pre-Trial Chamber, Trial Chamber and Appeals Chamber β which carry out the judicial functions of the Court. Judges are elected to the Court by the Assembly of States Parties. They serve nine-year terms and
865:
and may exercise its jurisdiction only when national courts are unwilling or unable to prosecute criminals. It lacks universal territorial jurisdiction and may only investigate and prosecute crimes committed within member states, crimes committed by nationals of member states, or crimes in situations
15896:
states that "hen the person has served two thirds of the sentence, or 25 years in the case of life imprisonment, the Court shall review the sentence to determine whether it should be reduced. Such a review shall not be conducted before that time." Article 78 (3) of the Rome Statute specifies that "n
15730:
states that "hen the person has served two thirds of the sentence, or 25 years in the case of life imprisonment, the Court shall review the sentence to determine whether it should be reduced. Such a review shall not be conducted before that time." Article 78 (3) of the Rome Statute specifies that "n
8503:
announced that it would leave the ICC, after the court began investigating political violence in that nation. In the two weeks that followed, South Africa and The Gambia also announced their intention to leave the court, with Kenya and Namibia reportedly also considering departure. All three nations
8486:
said the perceptions of the ICC as "unreasonable" led to the calling of the special AU summit on 13 October 2015. Botswana is a notable supporter of the ICC in Africa. At the summit, the AU did not endorse the proposal for a collective withdrawal from the ICC due to lack of support for the idea. The
8207:
NGOs are also "sources of criticism, exhortation and pressure upon" the ICC. The ICC heavily depends on NGOs for its operations. Although NGOs and states cannot directly impact the judicial nucleus of the organization, they can impart information on crimes, can help locate victims and witnesses, and
8191:
The NGOs that work under the CICC do not normally pursue agendas exclusive to the work of the Court, rather they may work for broader causes, such as general human rights issues, victims' rights, gender rights, rule of law, conflict mediation, and peace. The CICC coordinates their efforts to improve
3811:
Albania, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, New Zealand, Norway, the Netherlands,
2630:
To date, the Prosecutor has opened investigations in fourteen situations: Afghanistan; Burundi; two in the Central African Republic; CΓ΄te d'Ivoire; Darfur, Sudan; the Democratic Republic of the Congo; Georgia; Kenya; Libya; Mali; Uganda; Bangladesh/Myanmar, Palestine and Venezuela. Additionally, the
2048:
to human rights abusers as part of agreements to end conflict. Article 16 of the Rome Statute allows the Security Council to prevent the Court from investigating or prosecuting a case, and Article 53 allows the Prosecutor the discretion not to initiate an investigation if he or she believes that "an
1956:
that, it is hoped, will enable the ICC to not only bring criminals to justice but also help the victims themselves obtain some form of justice. Justice for victims before the ICC comprises both procedural and substantive justice, by allowing them to participate and present their views and interests,
1926:
To ensure "equality of arms" between defence and prosecution teams, the ICC has established an independent Office of Public Counsel for the Defence (OPCD) to provide logistical support, advice and information to defendants and their counsel. The OPCD also helps to safeguard the rights of the accused
1850:
The Prosecutor will initiate an investigation unless there are "substantial reasons to believe that an investigation would not serve the interests of justice" when "aking into account the gravity of the crime and the interests of victims". Furthermore, even if an investigation has been initiated and
1824:
To initiate an investigation, the Prosecutor must (1) have a "reasonable basis to believe that a crime within the jurisdiction of the Court has been or is being committed", (2) the investigation would be consistent with the principle of complementarity, and (3) the investigation serves the interests
1606:
Article 8 defines war crimes depending on whether an armed conflict is either international (which generally means it is fought between states) or non-international (which generally means that it is fought between non-state actors, such as rebel groups, or between a state and such non-state actors).
9837:
Israel has reluctantly cast a negative vote. It fails to comprehend why it has been considered necessary to insert into the list of the most heinous and grievous war crimes the action of transferring population into occupied territory. The exigencies of lack of time and intense political and public
8779:
stated. The ICC responded with a statement expressing "profound regret at the announcement of further threats and coercive actions." "These attacks constitute an escalation and an unacceptable attempt to interfere with the rule of law and the Court's judicial proceedings", the statement said. "They
8578:
announced on 14 March 2018 that the Philippines would start to submit plans to withdraw, completing the process on 17 March 2019. The ICC pointed out that it retained jurisdiction over the Philippines during the period when it was a state party to the Rome Statute, from November 2011 to March 2019.
2660:
was rendered in March 2016. Bemba was convicted on two counts of crimes against humanity and three counts of war crimes. This marked the first time the ICC convicted someone of sexual violence as they added rape to his conviction. Bemba's convictions were overturned by the Court's Appeal Chamber in
1797:
In situations that are referred to the Court by the United Nations Security Council, the territorial jurisdiction is defined by the Security Council, which may be more expansive than the Court's normal territorial jurisdiction. For example, if the Security Council refers a situation that took place
9016:
that violate international law. Supporters argue that corporations can and do commit human rights violations, such as war crimes linked to raw materials in conflict zones. Critics argue that prosecuting corporations would compromise the principle of complementarity, that it would give corporations
8678:
In advance of a visit by Putin to Mongolia on 3 September 2024, the ICC stated that Mongolia was obligated to place Putin under arrest. Following the visit and the refusal to arrest Putin, the Mongolia government said that the issue of energy relations is critical to the country and that "Mongolia
8491:
said: "We have rejected the double standard that the ICC is applying in dispensing international justice." Despite these calls, the ICC went ahead with requiring William Ruto to attend his trial. The UNSC was then asked to consider deferring the trials of Kenyatta and Ruto for a year, but this was
1859:
The Court has jurisdiction over natural persons. A person who commits a crime within the jurisdiction of the Court is individually responsible and liable for punishment in accordance with the Rome Statute. In accordance with the Rome Statute, a person shall be criminally responsible and liable for
1780:
For an individual to be prosecuted by the Court either territorial jurisdiction or personal jurisdiction must exist. Therefore, an individual can only be prosecuted if he or she has either (1) committed a crime within the territorial jurisdiction of the Court or (2) committed a crime while being a
709:
To consider major substantive issues in the draft statute, the General Assembly established the Ad Hoc Committee on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court, which met twice in 1995. After considering the Committee's report, the General Assembly created the Preparatory Committee on the
8999:
region. Moreover, following the threats of certain African states (initially Burundi, Gambia and South Africa) to withdraw their ratifications, Bensouda again referred to the principle of complementarity as a core principle of ICC's jurisdiction and has more extensively focused on the principle's
8825:
in New York City issued a preliminary injunction against the Trump administration from imposing criminal or civil penalties against ICC personnel and those who support the court's work, including the plaintiffs. The sanctions were subsequently lifted by the Biden administration Secretary of State
8774:
On 11 June 2020, the United States announced sanctions on officials and employees, as well as their families, involved in investigating alleged crimes against humanity committed by U.S. armed forces in Afghanistan. This move was widely criticized by human rights groups. The U.S. ordered sanctions
8113:
During the 1970s and 1980s, international human rights and humanitarian Nongovernmental Organizations (or NGOs) began to proliferate at exponential rates. Concurrently, the quest to find a way to punish international crimes shifted from being the exclusive responsibility of legal experts to being
2601:
The ICC is financed by contributions from the states parties. The amount payable by each state party is determined using the same method as the United Nations: each state's contribution is based on the country's capacity to pay, which reflects factors such as a national income and population. The
1960:
Article 43(6) establishes a Victims and Witnesses Unit to provide "protective measures and security arrangements, counseling and other appropriate assistance for witnesses, victims who appear before the Court, and others who are at risk on account of testimony given by such witnesses." Article 68
1806:
The personal jurisdiction of the Court extends to all natural persons who commit crimes, regardless of where they are located or where the crimes were committed, as long as those individuals are nationals of either (1) states that are party to the Rome Statute or (2) states that have accepted the
1317:
A Policy Paper is a document occasionally published by the Office of the Prosecutor which puts forth the considerations given to the topics the office focuses on, and often the criteria for case selection. While a policy paper does not give the Court jurisdiction over a new category of crimes, it
1935:
One of the great innovations of the Statute of the International Criminal Court and its Rules of Procedure and Evidence is the series of rights granted to victims. For the first time in the history of international criminal justice, victims have the possibility under the Statute to present their
1678:
Another 56 crimes defined by article 8: 35 apply to international armed conflicts and 21 to non-international armed conflicts. Such crimes include attacking civilians or civilian objects, attacking peacekeepers, causing excessive incidental death or damage, transferring populations into occupied
969:
to be the subject of an ICC arrest warrant. Although Russia withdrew its signature from the Rome Statute in 2016, and is thus not a participant in the ICC nor under its jurisdiction, Putin can be charged for actions against Ukraine, which is not a party but has accepted jurisdiction of the court
8951:
The International Criminal Court is often "critiqued for being selective, or imperialistic, or reflecting the geopolitical interests of powerful states," says Sarah Knuckey, a Columbia law professor. While many Western countries supported the arrest warrant for Russian President Putin, how they
3801:
The Prosecutor previously closed the preliminary examination of the situation on registered vessels of the Comoros, Greece and Cambodia on 6 November 2014, but reconsidered her decision following a request by the Pre-Trial Chamber on 29 November 2017 and revised the final decision on 2 December
2638:
57 people. Proceedings against 25 are ongoing: 20 are at large as fugitives and five are on trial. Proceedings against 32 have been completed: two are serving sentences, seven have finished sentences, four have been acquitted, seven have had the charges against them dismissed, four have had the
1833:
The principle of complementarity means the Court will only prosecute an individual if states are unwilling or unable to prosecute. Therefore, if legitimate national investigations or proceedings into crimes have taken place or are ongoing, the Court will not initiate proceedings. This principle
8964:
Research indicates that prosecutions of leaders who are culpable of international crimes in the ICC makes them less likely to peacefully step down, which can prolong conflicts and incentivize them to make continued use of mass violence. It is also argued that justice is a means to peace: "As a
8955:
Human Rights Watch (HRW) reported that the ICC's prosecutor team takes no account of the roles played by the government in the conflict of Uganda, Rwanda or Congo. This led to a flawed investigation, because the ICC did not reach the conclusion of its verdict after considering the governments'
8192:
the efficiency of NGOs' contributions to the Court and to pool their influence on major common issues. From the ICC side, it has been useful to have the CICC channel NGO contacts with the Court so that its officials do not have to interact individually with thousands of separate organizations.
1361:
The Registry is responsible for the non-judicial aspects of the administration and servicing of the Court. This includes, among other things, "the administration of legal aid matters, court management, victims and witnesses matters, defence counsel, detention unit, and the traditional services
1208:
The Prosecutor or any person being investigated or prosecuted may request the disqualification of a judge from "any case in which his or her impartiality might reasonably be doubted on any ground". Any request for the disqualification of a judge from a particular case is decided by an absolute
1776:
The Rome Statute requires that several criteria exist in a particular case before an individual can be prosecuted by the Court. The Statute contains three jurisdictional requirements and three admissibility requirements. All criteria must be met for a case to proceed. The three jurisdictional
3764:
The Office of the Prosecutor processes preliminary examinations through different phases. Every communication is first given an initial assessment to determine if it is sufficiently serious and if it falls within the Court's jurisdiction (phase 1). If it does, the Office begins a preliminary
1048:
The ICC is governed by the Assembly of States Parties, which is made up of the states that are party to the Rome Statute. The Assembly elects officials of the Court, approves its budget, and adopts amendments to the Rome Statute. The Court itself has four organs: the Presidency, the Judicial
8973:
That the ICC cannot mount successful cases without state cooperation is problematic for several reasons. It means that the ICC acts inconsistently in its selection of cases, is prevented from taking on hard cases and loses legitimacy. It also gives the ICC less deterrent value, as potential
8734:
was considerably more hostile to the Court, similar to the Bush administration threatening prosecution and financial sanctions on ICC judges and staff in U.S. courts as well as imposing visa bans in response to any investigation against American nationals in connection to alleged crimes and
8195:
NGOs have been crucial to the evolution of the ICC, as they assisted in the creation of the normative climate that urged states to seriously consider the Court's formation. Their legal experts helped shape the Statute, while their lobbying efforts built support for it. They advocate Statute
8987:
published his influential paper. No substantive research was made by other scholars on this issue for quite some time. In June 2017, Victor Tsilonis advanced the same criticism which is reinforced by events, practices of the Office of the Prosecutor and ICC cases in the Essays in Honour of
3833:
Argentina, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay, and Peru jointly referred the situation in Venezuela I on 27 September 2018. Venezuela referred the situation in Venezuela II on 13 February 2020. In a statement, the Prosecutor noted that the two referrals "appear to overlap geographically and
1174:
is responsible for the proper administration of the Court (apart from the Office of the Prosecutor). It comprises the President and the First and Second Vice-Presidentsβthree judges of the Court who are elected to the Presidency by their fellow judges for a maximum of two three-year terms.
8121:
NGOs helped birth the ICC through advocacy and championing for the prosecution of perpetrators of crimes against humanity. NGOs closely monitor the organization's declarations and actions, ensuring that the work that is being executed on behalf of the ICC is fulfilling its objectives and
2028:) in relation to cooperation, some scholars have expressed their pessimism as to the possibility of ICC to obtain cooperation of non-party states. As for the actions that ICC can take toward non-party states that do not cooperate, the Rome Statute stipulates that the Court may inform the
2060:
from abusive regimes. By denying states the right to offer amnesty to human rights abusers, the International Criminal Court may make it more difficult to negotiate an end to conflict and a transition to democracy. For example, the outstanding arrest warrants for four leaders of the
8818:, stated that, as a result of sanctions against the chief prosecutor at the ICC, she herself risked having her family assets seized if she continued to work for children who are bought and sold by traffickers, killed, tortured, sexually abused and forced to become child soldiers.
2605:
The Court spent β¬80.5 million in 2007. The Assembly of States Parties approved a budget of β¬90.4 million for 2008, β¬101.2 million for 2009, and β¬141.6 million for 2017. As of April 2017, the ICC's staff consisted of 800 persons from approximately 100 states.
8982:
The fundamental principle of complementarity of the ICC Rome Statute is often taken for granted in the legal analysis of international criminal law and its jurisprudence. Initially the thorny issue of the actual application of the complementarity principle arose in 2008, when
8538:
reported in 2024 that Israel had conducted a nine year "war" against the ICC. During this time, Israeli intelligence agencies were used to "surveil, hack, pressure, smear and allegedly threaten senior ICC staff in an effort to derail the courtβs inquiries". During her term as
8379:
African critics have suggested the ICC is acting as a neo-colonial force seeking to further empower Western political and extractive interests in Africa.". Scholar Awol Allo has described the court's underlying problem that has led to these challenges with Africa as not overt
571:
in 1937, which resulted in the conclusion of the first convention stipulating the establishment of a permanent international court to try acts of international terrorism. The convention was signed by 13 states, but none ratified it and the convention never entered into force.
8399:(both charged before coming into office) led to the Kenyan parliament passing a motion calling for Kenya's withdrawal from the ICC, and the country called on the other 33 African states party to the ICC to withdraw their support, an issue which was discussed at a special
12452:
Global justice or global revenge? international criminal justice at the crossroads ; philosophical reflections on the principles of the international legal order published on the occasion of the thirtieth anniversary of the foundation of the International Progress
1969:
Victims before the International Criminal Court can also claim reparations under Article 75 of the Rome Statute. Reparations can only be claimed when a defendant is convicted and at the discretion of the Court's judges. So far the Court has ordered reparations against
19071:
1114:
2019:
to conduct an investigation within its territory, and it seems that it is even more necessary for him to observe any reasonable conditions raised by that state, since such restrictions exist for states party to the Statute. Taking into account the experience of the
18582:
2282:
Demolition of the barracks started in November 2011 and was completed in August 2012. In October 2012 the tendering procedure for the General Contractor was completed and the combination Visser & Smit Bouw and Boele & van Eesteren ("Courtys") was selected.
1452:
The Court's subject-matter jurisdiction means the crimes for which individuals can be prosecuted. Individuals can only be prosecuted for crimes that are listed in the Statute. The primary crimes are listed in article 5 of the Statute and defined in later articles:
1961:
sets out procedures for the "Protection of the victims and witnesses and their participation in the proceedings." The Court has also established an Office of Public Counsel for Victims, to provide support and assistance to victims and their legal representatives.
1362:
provided by administrations in international organisations, such as finance, translation, building management, procurement and personnel". The Registry is headed by the Registrar, who is elected by the judges to a five-year term. As of April 2023 the Registrar is
8629:
and noted that Russia, like other countries which had not ratified the Rome Statute, did not recognise the jurisdiction of the ICC, saying "And accordingly, any decisions of this kind are null and void for the Russian Federation from the point of view of law."
9988:
15901:
that the time since 4 January 2015 is to be deducted from the sentence. Thus, Dominic Ongwen is to be released on or before 4 January 2040. Starting from 4 January 2015, two-thirds of twenty-five years (sixteen years, eight months) will elapse on 4 September
9003:
Some advocates have suggested that the ICC go "beyond complementarity" and systematically support national capacity for prosecutions. They argue that national prosecutions, where possible, are more cost-effective, preferable to victims and more sustainable.
16704:
18422:
3812:
Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom jointly referred the situation in Ukraine on 2 March 2022. Following the start of the investigation, Japan and North Macedonia also referred the situation.
2065:
are regarded by some as an obstacle to ending the insurgency in Uganda. Czech politician Marek Benda argues that "the ICC as a deterrent will in our view only mean the worst dictators will try to retain power at all costs". The United Nations and the
8455:
to the court but to instead try her at home. Rwanda's ambassador to the African Union, Joseph Nsengimana, argued that "It is not only the case of Kenya. We have seen international justice become more and more a political matter." Ugandan President
15011:"Statement by ICC Prosecutor Karim A.A. Khan KC regarding the opening of the trial related to events of 28 September 2009 in Guinea, signature of Agreement with Transitional Government on complementarity and closure of the Preliminary Examination"
1088:
on 6 May 2002, Sudan on 26 August 2008, and Russia on 30 November 2016βhave informed the UN Secretary General that they no longer intend to become states parties and, as such, have no legal obligations arising from their signature of the Statute.
14575:"ICC Prosecutor, Mr Karim A. A. Khan QC, concludes the preliminary examination of the Situation in Colombia with a Cooperation Agreement with the Government charting the next stage in support of domestic efforts to advance transitional justice"
8992:. His paper essentially argues that the ΞlβSenussi case arguably is the first instance of the complementarity principle's actual implementation eleven whole years after the ratification of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court.
8204:
that are often hosted or organized by local NGOs. Because there can be challenges with determining which of these NGOs are legitimate, CICC regional representatives often have the ability to help screen and identify trustworthy organizations.
1947:
The victim-based provisions within the Rome Statute provide victims with the opportunity to have their voices heard and to obtain, where appropriate, some form of reparation for their suffering. It is the aim of this attempted balance between
8888:
argues that there are "insufficient checks and balances on the authority of the ICC prosecutor and judges" and "insufficient protection against politicized prosecutions or other abuses". The current law in the United States on the ICC is the
1943:
Participation in the Court's proceedings will in most cases take place through a legal representative and will be conducted "in a manner which is not prejudicial or inconsistent with the rights of the accused and a fair and impartial trial".
1777:
requirements are (1) subject-matter jurisdiction (what acts constitute crimes), (2) territorial or personal jurisdiction (where the crimes were committed or who committed them), and (3) temporal jurisdiction (when the crimes were committed).
8129:
has served as a sort of umbrella for NGOs to coordinate with each other on similar objectives related to the ICC. The CICC has 2,500 member organizations in 150 countries. The original steering committee included representatives from the
17749:
2821:, Nigeria, Georgia, Honduras, South Korea, Ukraine and Venezuela. Preliminary investigations were closed in Gabon; Honduras; registered vessels of Comoros, Greece, and Cambodia; South Korea; and Colombia on events since 1 July 2002.
1994:
of the International Criminal Court to be of voluntary nature. States not acceded to the Rome Statute might still be subject to an obligation to cooperate with ICC in certain cases. When a case is referred to the ICC by the UN
1793:
of the Court includes the territory, registered vessels, and registered aircraft of states which have either (1) become party to the Rome Statute or (2) accepted the Court's jurisdiction by filing a declaration with the Court.
1521:
Article 7 defines crimes against humanity as acts "committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against any civilian population, with knowledge of the attack". The article lists 16 such as individual crimes:
12110:
1919:, and establishes certain rights of the accused and persons during investigations. These include the right to be fully informed of the charges against them; the right to have a lawyer appointed, free of charge; the right to a
8942:
Concerning the independent Office of Public Counsel for the Defence (OPCD), Thomas Lubanga's defence team say they were given a smaller budget than the Prosecutor and that evidence and witness statements were slow to arrive.
19310:
8651:
criticized the ICC for not having what she called an "evenhanded approach" to all leaders responsible for violations of international law. South Africa, which failed in its obligation to arrest visiting Sudanese President
705:
In 1994, the ILC presented its final draft statute for the International Criminal Court to the General Assembly and recommended that a conference be convened to negotiate a treaty that would serve as the Court's statute.
4822:
Indicted but either charges not confirmed or withdrawn or proceedings terminated or acquitted. If charges were not confirmed or withdrawn or if proceedings were terminated, the Prosecutor may again prosecute with fresh
13731:
Programme budget for 2009, the Contingency Fund, the Working Capital Fund for 2009, scale of assessments for the apportionment of expenses of the International Criminal Court and financing appropriations for the year
8249:
in early 2017 ruled that the attempted withdrawal was unconstitutional, as it had not been agreed by Parliament, prompting the South African government to inform the UN that it was revoking its decision to withdraw.
2346:
The ICC's detention centre accommodates both those convicted by the court and serving sentences as well as those suspects detained pending the outcome of their trial. It comprises twelve cells on the premises of the
1889:, may reach a decision, which must include a full and reasoned statement. Trials are supposed to be public, but proceedings are often closed, and such exceptions to a public trial have not been enumerated in detail.
1304:
was selected in a secret ballot against three other candidates to serve as lead prosecutor as of 16 June 2021. As British barrister, Khan had headed the United Nations' special investigative team when it looked into
19196:
5029:
3922:
2897:
2790:
2761:
Official investigations (Uganda, DR Congo, Central African Republic I + II, Darfur (Sudan), Kenya, Libya, CΓ΄te d'Ivoire, Mali, Georgia, Burundi, Afghanistan, Palestine, Venezuela I, Bangladesh/Myanmar, Philippines,
8520:
ruled on 2 February 2017 that the South African government's notice to withdraw was unconstitutional and invalid. On 7 March 2017 the South African government formally revoked its intention to withdraw. The ruling
1108:
The Court's management oversight and legislative body, the Assembly of States Parties, consists of one representative from each state party. Each state party has one vote and "every effort" has to be made to reach
1083:
obliges these states to refrain from "acts which would defeat the object and purpose" of the treaty until they declare they do not intend to become a party to the treaty. Four signatory statesβIsrael in 2002, the
16694:
8465:
2661:
June 2018. The Court refused to compensate Bemba for losses suffered by him during his 10 years of imprisonment. It has been argued that this decision raises important questions about the court's present powers.
1999:
all UN member states are obliged to cooperate, since its decisions are binding for all of them. Also, there is an obligation to respect and ensure respect for international humanitarian law, which stems from the
18888:
18708:
1029:
The process to establish the court's jurisdiction may be "triggered" by any one of three possible sources: (1) a state party, (2) the Security Council or (3) a prosecutor. It is then up to the prosecutor acting
18406:
18883:
9049:
17308:
15277:
Notice of Prosecutor's Final Decision under rule 108(3), as revised and refiled in accordance with the Pre-Trial Chamber's request of 15 November 2018 and the Appeals Chamber's judgment of 2 September 2019"
13929:
9966:
8406:
Though the ICC has denied the charge of disproportionately targeting African leaders, and claims to stand up for victims wherever they may be, Kenya was not alone in criticising the ICC. Sudanese President
1939:
Participation before the Court may occur at various stages of proceedings and may take different forms, although it will be up to the judges to give directions as to the timing and manner of participation.
1798:
in the territory of a state that has both not become party to the Rome Statute and not lodged a declaration with the Court, the Court will still be able to prosecute crimes that occurred within that state.
3834:
temporally" but further noted that such a statement "should not prejudice a later determination on whether the referred scope of the two situations is sufficiently linked to constitute a single situation."
2271:
The land and financing for the new construction were provided by the Netherlands. In addition, the host state organised and financed the architectural design competition which started at the end of 2008.
11641:
cases are not the same, says Moreno-Ocampo. Arresting a head of state is more than a police matter. "You cannot say al-Bashir is in London, arrest him. You need a political agreement and a broad set of
8477:
1679:
territories, treacherously killing or wounding, denying quarter, pillaging, employing poison, using expanding bullets, rape and other forms of sexual violence, and conscripting or using child soldiers.
10664:
15390:"Statement of ICC Prosecutor, Fatou Bensouda, on the conclusion of the preliminary examination of the Situation in Palestine, and seeking a ruling on the scope of the Court's territorial jurisdiction"
1807:
Court's jurisdiction by filing a declaration with the Court. As with territorial jurisdiction, the personal jurisdiction can be expanded by the Security Council if it refers a situation to the Court.
854:
and governing document. States which become party to the Rome Statute become members of the ICC, serving on the Assembly of States Parties, which administers the court. As of November 2023, there are
13683:
Programme budget for 2008, the Working Capital Fund for 2008, scale of assessments for the apportionment of expenses of the International Criminal Court and financing appropriations for the year 2008
12142:
10428:
16402:"Abadir M. Ibrahim, The International Criminal Court in Light of Controlling Factors of the Effectiveness of International Human Rights Mechanisms, 7 Eyes on the International Criminal Court (2011)"
19076:
17083:
8644:, "Yankees, hands off Putin!" calling the move evidence of Western "hysteria", and saying that "we regard any attacks on the President of the Russian Federation as aggression against our country".
8060:, "where the Pre-Trial Chamber declines to confirm a charge, the Prosecutor shall not be precluded from subsequently requesting its confirmation if the request is supported by additional evidence."
1927:
during the initial stages of an investigation. Thomas Lubanga's defence team said they were given a smaller budget than the Prosecutor and that evidence and witness statements were slow to arrive.
794:
8735:
atrocities perpetrated by the U.S. in Afghanistan. The threat included sanctions against any of over 120 countries which have ratified the Court for cooperating in the process. In November 2017,
14137:
12243:
11048:
15835:
8166:, to smaller, more local organizations focused on peace and justice missions. Many work closely with states, such as the International Criminal Law Network, founded and predominantly funded by
16986:
12078:
11979:
17194:
8388:. Another analysis suggests that African states are motivated by concerns over Africa's place in world order: the problem is the sovereign inequality displayed by the ICC prosecutor's focus.
1064:
1058:
855:
284:
162:
17759:
14756:
17224:
8914:
and the U.S. "will prosecute them in the U.S. criminal system. We will do the same for any company or state that assists an ICC investigation of Americans", Bolton said. He also criticized
8447:
and several other countries despite an outstanding ICC warrant for his arrest but was not arrested; he said that the charges against him are "exaggerated" and that the ICC was a part of a "
1269:
when the Pre-Trial Chamber authorises the prosecutor to open an investigation on the basis of information received from other sources, such as individuals or non-governmental organisations.
17710:
On Friday President George Bush signed into law the American Servicemembers Protection Act of 2002, which will supposedly protect U.S. servicemembers from the International Criminal Court.
17339:
8780:
are announced with the declared aim of influencing the actions of ICC officials in the context of the court's independent and objective investigations and impartial judicial proceedings."
17168:
13391:
17399:
13417:
15324:"Statement of ICC Prosecutor, Karim A.A. Khan QC, on the Situation in Ukraine: Additional Referrals from Japan and North Macedonia; Contact portal launched for provision of information"
1037:
17142:
2235:
The Court moved into its first permanent premises in The Hague, located at Oude Waalsdorperweg 10, on 14 December 2015. Part of The Hague's International Zone, which also contains the
1986:
One of the principles of international law is that a treaty does not create either obligations or rights for third states without their consent, and this is also enshrined in the 1969
830:
The Registry is headed by the Registrar and is charged with managing all the administrative functions of the ICC, including the headquarters, detention unit, and public defense office.
19833:
19645:
15670:"Statement of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Karim A.A. Khan KC, on the referral by the Democratic Republic of the Congo regarding the situation in its territory"
13974:
13263:
The legal relationship between the ICC and the Netherlands is governed by a headquarters agreement, which entered into force on 1 March 2008. (See International Criminal Court, 2008:
12822:
12100:
11771:
10859:
10814:
9138:
The International Criminal Court is sometimes abbreviated as ICCt to distinguish it from several other organisations abbreviated as ICC. The more common abbreviation ICC is used here.
8493:
17826:
8158:. Today, many of the NGOs with which the ICC cooperates are members of the CICC. These organizations come from a range of backgrounds, spanning from major international NGOs such as
16092:
12484:
11891:
11707:
11417:
17116:
19960:
16963:
16401:
16056:
13446:
8588:
8504:
cited the fact that all 39 people indicted by the court over its history by that date had been African and that the court has made no effort to investigate war crimes tied to the
8196:
ratification globally and work at expert and political levels within member states for passage of necessary domestic legislation. NGOs are greatly represented at meetings for the
7788:
947:
893:, a Congolese warlord accused of recruiting child soldiers; his subsequent conviction in 2012 was the first in the court's history. The Office of the Prosecutor has opened twelve
17459:
17250:
9036:
would have jurisdiction over corporations as well as governments. Supporters of criminalizing ecocide argue that it would shift the ICC's priorities away from Africa, since most
19724:
15368:"Statement of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Karim A.A. Khan KC, on the Situation in the State of Palestine: receipt of a referral from five States Parties"
11499:
2705:
have been confirmed and he was sentenced to nine years in prison. On 25 November 2021, his sentence was commuted to 7 years in prison, and he was released on 18 September 2022.
1899:
and other indirect evidence is not generally prohibited, but it has been argued the court is guided by hearsay exceptions which are prominent in common law systems. There is no
12333:
2730:, filed an Article 15 communication with the ICC prosecutor's office urging an investigation into the killings and abductions, and the ICC confirmed the receipt of the filing.
1611:
of 1949, which only apply to international conflicts, and serious violations of article 3 common to the Geneva Conventions of 1949, which apply to non-international conflicts.
12221:
19231:
18275:
15087:"Statement of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Fatou Bensouda, on the conclusion of the preliminary examination of the situation in the Republic of Korea"
14528:"Statement of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Karim A.A. Khan KC, announcing his decision to conclude the investigation phase in the Situation in Uganda"
11921:
10564:
2810:
613:
first recognised the need for a permanent international court to deal with atrocities of the kind prosecuted after World War II. At the request of the General Assembly, the
13060:
14644:"The Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Karim A.A. Khan KC, announces conclusion of the investigation phase in the Situation in the Central African Republic"
2341:
1278:, chief ICC prosecutor, stressed in 2011 the importance of politics in prosecutions: "You cannot say al-Bashir is in London, arrest him. You need a political agreement."
19285:
14938:
9075:
4936:
4069:
3043:
2635:
900:
17277:
15572:"Statement of ICC Prosecutor, Fatou Bensouda, on opening a Preliminary Examination concerning the alleged deportation of the Rohingya people from Myanmar to Bangladesh"
13148:
11257:
1903:
or other means to compel witnesses to come before the court, although the court has some power to compel testimony of those who chose to come before it, such as fines.
772:
The first bench of 18 judges was elected by the Assembly of States Parties in February 2003. They were sworn in at the inaugural session of the Court on 11 March 2003.
19264:
19121:
16735:
13020:
3073:
2818:
17429:
732:
Finally, the General Assembly convened a conference in Rome in June 1998, with the aim of finalizing the treaty to serve as the Court's statute. On 17 July 1998, the
19536:
19191:
19116:
13501:
7707:
4514:
3129:
2782:
2359:
2021:
687:
17300:
8667:
In the months following the arrest warrant for Putin being issued, Russia issued warrants for the arrest of multiple ICC officials, including the court's president
2015:
In relation to cooperation in investigation and evidence gathering, it is implied from the Rome Statute that the consent of a non-party state is a prerequisite for
19858:
18523:"Statement of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Fatou Bensouda, regarding the situation in the KasaΓ― provinces, Democratic Republic of the Congo"
15156:
13820:
9970:
9882:
9850:
2370:
The ICC maintains a liaison office in New York and field offices in places where it conducts its activities. As of 18 October 2007, the Court had field offices in
966:
962:
15033:"Statement of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Fatou Bensouda, on the conclusion of the preliminary examination into the situation in Honduras"
12167:
2723:, including allegations of genocide. In December 2020, ICC prosecutors rejected the complaint, stating that the ICC did not have jurisdictional basis to proceed.
19571:
19246:
19226:
10632:"Statement of ICC Prosecutor Karim A.A. Khan KC: Applications for arrest warrants in the situation in the State of Palestine | International Criminal Court"
8841:
7762:
7727:
4629:
4553:
3608:
3497:
2814:
2806:
18549:"Beyond Complementarity: The International Criminal Court and National Prosecutions, A View from Haiti - Columbia Human Rights Law Review, Vol. 32, No. 1, 2000"
18086:
16474:
15528:"Statement of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Mrs Fatou Bensouda, on the referral by Venezuela regarding the situation in its own territory"
14851:"Statement of ICC Deputy Prosecutor, Nazhat Shameem Khan, announcing her decision to conclude the investigation phase of the Situation in the Republic of Kenya"
2777:
Closed preliminary examinations that have not resulted in an investigation (Colombia, Iraq, Honduras, South Korea, Comoros (registered vessels), Gabon, Bolivia)
2279:
were ultimately selected to design the new premises since its design met all the ICC criteria, such as design quality, sustainability, functionality and costs.
19638:
18843:
15346:"Statement of ICC Prosecutor, Karim A.A. Khan QC, on the Situation in Ukraine: Receipt of Referrals from 39 States Parties and the Opening of an Investigation"
12012:
16758:
15389:
8771:. In 2020, overturning the previous decision not to proceed, senior judges at the ICC authorized an investigation into the alleged war crimes in Afghanistan.
19993:
19241:
19206:
18990:
17661:
15550:"ICC Prosecutor, Mr Karim A.A. Khan QC, opens an investigation into the Situation in Venezuela and concludes Memorandum of Understanding with the Government"
15301:
15010:
14643:
14210:
14098:
12132:
9686:
9028:
Despite its lack of jurisdiction, the ICC announced in 2016 that it would prioritize criminal cases linked to land grabbing, illegal resource extraction, or
8131:
7782:
7569:
4668:
4397:
3464:
3185:
18733:
17964:
16794:. Routledge studies in peace, conflict and security in Africa (First issued in paperback ed.). London New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
15367:
14363:
10442:
1881:
judicial system, but it has been argued the procedural orientation and character of the court is still evolving. A majority of the three judges present, as
20086:
19813:
19714:
19363:
19236:
19201:
17075:
17056:
16937:
16459:
16364:
15203:
14916:
13622:
13582:
13208:
12945:
12775:
10459:
8952:
respond to the warrant against Israel's Netanyahu will be "a test of the genuineness of their commitment to international justice for all", she continued.
6033:
5480:
3973:
2958:
2802:
2786:
18522:
16388:
15571:
15323:
14825:
14527:
14185:
13527:
13264:
8492:
rejected. In November, the ICC's Assembly of State Parties responded to Kenya's calls for an exemption for sitting heads of state by agreeing to consider
8487:
summit concluded that serving heads of state should not be put on trial and that the Kenyan cases should be deferred. Ethiopian formerly Foreign Minister
1134:
The states parties cannot interfere with the judicial functions of the Court. Disputes concerning individual cases are settled by the Judicial Divisions.
19818:
19320:
19280:
19216:
19211:
15032:
12790:
11396:
10370:
6755:
6362:
4190:
4139:
3347:
3157:
2798:
2794:
2143:
16376:
15549:
15480:
15225:
13656:
12959:
10590:
8995:
On the other hand, in 2017, Chief Prosecutor Fatou Bensouda invoked the principle of complementarity in the situation between Russia and Georgia in the
3774:
The preliminary examination of the situation in Iraq / the United Kingdom was initially closed on 9 February 2006, but was reopened on 13 May 2014.
1318:
promises what the Office of Prosecutor will consider when selecting cases in the upcoming term of service. OTP's policy papers are subject to revision.
763:
Israel's opposition to the treaty stemmed from the inclusion in the list of war crimes "the action of transferring population into occupied territory".
20661:
19755:
19325:
19221:
16248:
15527:
15345:
15086:
14121:
12239:
11038:
9127:
The official languages of the ICC are Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish and the working languages are currently English and French.
8700:
7113:
4281:
3377:
1489:, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group." There are five such acts which constitute crimes of genocide under article 6:
1085:
16188:
15825:
15669:
10631:
10212:
8814:, violating their right to free speech and impeding their work in trying to obtain justice on behalf of victims of war crimes. One of the plaintiffs,
8170:
municipality and the Dutch Ministries of Defense and Foreign Affairs. The CICC also claims organizations that are themselves federations, such as the
20651:
20171:
19631:
19156:
19151:
19146:
19141:
19136:
19131:
19126:
19111:
19106:
19101:
18182:
16982:
14917:"The Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Karim A.A. Khan KC, announces conclusion of the investigation phase in the Situation in Georgia"
12068:
11969:
10785:
The sum of (a) states parties, (b) signatories and (c) non-signatory United Nations member states is 195. This number is two more than the number of
9021:
has argued that jurisdiction of corporations under international law should be limited to international crimes, while NicolΓ‘s Carrillo-Santarelli of
17190:
15411:
15302:"Statement of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Fatou Bensouda, on opening a second investigation in the Central African Republic"
14850:
14574:
13787:
12651:
2631:
Office of the Prosecutor is conducting preliminary examinations in six situations: Colombia; Guinea; Nigeria; the Philippines; Ukraine and Bolivia.
2263:, a former military barracks, adjacent to the dune landscape on the northern edge of the city. The ICC's detention centre is a short distance away.
20539:
19863:
19531:
18026:
12375:
12185:
12045:
9080:
8868:
against the ICC. Prior to the issuing of the ICC's arrest warrant for Netanyahu, a group of US Republican senators sent a letter to ICC prosecutor
8171:
2653:
were tried by the ICC. Lubanga and Katanga were convicted and sentenced to 14 and 12 years imprisonment, respectively, whereas Chui was acquitted.
843:
733:
602:
17331:
17216:
15109:"In Swift, Decisive Action, Security Council Imposes Tough Measures on Libyan Regime, Adopting Resolution 1970 in Wake of Crackdown on Protesters"
14894:
9567:
827:
The Office of the Prosecutor is headed by the Prosecutor, who investigates crimes and initiates criminal proceedings before the Judicial Division.
20646:
18952:
18947:
18942:
18937:
18921:
18046:
17617:
14459:
Decision Pursuant to Article 15 of the Rome Statute on the Authorisation of an Investigation into the Situation in the Republic of CΓ΄te d'Ivoire"
14313:
13336:
12795:
11861:
11688:
11477:
11114:
10932:
10894:
10512:
10080:
1704:
17598:
17164:
14410:
10102:
20134:
19561:
19315:
19256:
19162:
19092:
18632:
18106:
17391:
16538:
15181:
14432:
13995:
13413:
13387:
11831:
11801:
11421:
10399:
8764:
8687:
8540:
8126:
3783:
A new preliminary investigation of the situation in Palestine was opened on 16 January 2015 and proceeded to a full investigation 3 March 2021.
2053:
has said that "some limited amnesties may be compatible" with a country's obligations genuinely to investigate or prosecute under the Statute.
1218:
1154:
722:
15502:
14505:
12605:
The rights of persons during an investigation are provided in Article 55. Rights of the accused are provided in Part 6, especially Article 67.
1652:
Seven crimes constitute serious violations of article 3 common to the Geneva Conventions and apply only to non-international armed conflicts:
1075:
were member states, but later withdrew effective 27 October 2017 and 17 March 2019, respectively. A further 31 countries have signed but not
769:
Following 60 ratifications, the Rome Statute entered into force on 1 July 2002 and the International Criminal Court was formally established.
20114:
19828:
19760:
18144:
17138:
15939:[Bemba et al. case: ICC Appeals Chamber confirms re-sentencing decision ICC press release. Released 27 November 2019. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
8626:
8281:
1744:
The use of armed forces which are within the territory of another state by agreement, but in contravention of the conditions of the agreement
1171:
518:. Some governments have refused to recognise the court's assertion of jurisdiction, with other civil groups also accusing the court of bias,
17485:
13310:
12815:
11763:
10851:
10822:
8177:
CICC members subscribe to three principles that permit them to work under the umbrella of the CICC, so long as their objectives match them:
18126:
17009:
16506:
13560:
12203:
8328:
4841:
Trial Chambers currently in charge; once proceedings have moved to the Appeals Chamber, the Trial Chamber designation will be removed here.
1124:, and may also hold special sessions where circumstances require. Sessions are open to observer states and non-governmental organizations.
16297:
International Criminal Court's investigation into Alleged crimes against humanity and war crimes committed in Afghanistan since 1 May 2003
14338:
12477:
11883:
11503:
20666:
19183:
19013:
18972:
17891:
17695:""Hague Invasion Act": Bush Signs a New Law Designed to Intimidate Countries That Ratify the Treaty for the International Criminal Court"
17106:
16819:
12839:
11140:
10430:
Statement by Prosecutor Karim A. A. Khan KC on the issuance of arrest warrants against President Vladimir Putin and Ms Maria Lvova-Belova
9226:
9054:
8891:
8712:
8300:
2747:
2275:
Three architects were chosen by an international jury from a total of 171 applicants to enter into further negotiations. The Danish firm
894:
16967:
16408:
13695:
8783:
On 30 September 2020, prominent United States human rights lawyers announced that they would sue Trump and his Administrationβincluding
1100:, are critical of the Court. Ukraine, a non-ratifying signatory, has accepted the Court's jurisdiction for a period starting in 2013.
20129:
19893:
19853:
19541:
19097:
18978:
18836:
17451:
17246:
13439:
11740:
1199:
695:
20656:
20191:
19986:
19917:
19878:
19780:
19428:
18709:"Including Corporate Criminal Liability for International Crimes in the Business and Human Rights Treaty: Necessary but Insufficient"
15893:
15727:
14731:
12326:
10755:
8903:
18688:
Kyriakakis, Joanna (1 June 2007). "Corporations and the International Criminal Court: The Complementarity Objection Stripped Bare".
17566:
17510:
17369:
14596:
14388:
13101:
8679:
has always maintained a policy of neutrality in all its diplomatic relations, as demonstrated in our statements of record to date."
8307:
20534:
19955:
19356:
13016:
12967:
12616:
12225:
9914:
2067:
1987:
1080:
17997:
13123:
11913:
9832:
8660:
in Durban. On 19 July 2023, South Africa announced that "by mutual agreement" Putin would not attend the summit. Foreign Minister
2362:
were held in the same prison and shared some facilities, like the fitness room, but had no contact with suspects held by the ICC.
20299:
20294:
20289:
20221:
20026:
19775:
18237:
16437:
16319:
14292:"Statement of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Fatou Bensouda, concerning referral from the Gabonese Republic"
13906:
13600:
10010:
997:
On 20 May 2024, the ICC's Chief Prosecutor Karim Khan announced his intention to seek arrest warrants for Israeli Prime Minister
15752:
14803:
14159:
13064:
10460:"Situation in Ukraine: ICC judges issue arrest warrants against Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin and Maria Alekseyevna Lvova-Belova"
8833:
In 2023, the Biden administration welcomed the issuing of an ICC arrest warrant for Russian President Vladimir Putin. President
2032:
or Security Council, when the matter was referred by it, when non-party state refuses to cooperate after it has entered into an
20554:
18658:
16200:
12905:
12700:
8873:
6750:
3821:
Following the start of the investigation, Bangladesh, Bolivia, Comoros, Djibouti, and South Africa also referred the situation.
18802:
18283:
17273:
16365:
Situation in Ukraine: ICC judges issue arrest warrants against Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin and Maria Alekseyevna Lvova-Belova
15764:
10182:
8314:
538:
The premises of the International Criminal Court in The Hague, Netherlands. The ICC moved into this building in December 2015.
20641:
20164:
19765:
19729:
18984:
18829:
18316:
17941:
16915:
16799:
16671:
15765:
ICC Presidency approves the prosecution of Mr Germain Katanga by national authorities of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
14972:
13958:
13737:
13248:
13011:
12530:
12460:
12434:
12299:
10703:
10314:
10166:
10141:
9949:
9802:
9670:
9645:
9338:
9313:
6279:
At large under warrant of arrest, previously appeared voluntarily, charges confirmed, trial before Trial Chamber IV to begin
2602:
maximum amount a single country can pay in any year is limited to 22% of the Court's budget; Japan paid this amount in 2008.
1236:
971:
725:(CICC). In January 1998, the Bureau and coordinators of the Preparatory Committee convened for an Inter-Sessional meeting in
664:
17584:
16727:
16310:"ICC Pre-Trial Chamber I issues its decision on the Prosecutor's request related to territorial jurisdiction over Palestine"
15615:
15061:
13003:
12876:
12673:
11016:
8040:) and of the initial appearance are given. In case of a summons to appear, only the date of the initial appearance is given.
2817:. Additionally, the Office of the Prosecutor conducted preliminary examinations in situations in Bolivia, Colombia, Guinea,
2070:
maintain that granting amnesty to those accused of war crimes and other serious crimes is a violation of international law.
974:
retaliated by placing several ICC officials on its wanted list. In March 2024, the ICC issued two more arrest warrants, for
736:
was adopted by a vote of 120 to seven, with 21 countries abstaining. The seven countries that voted against the treaty were
20559:
20549:
20008:
19979:
19883:
19785:
19709:
17421:
16389:
Situation in Ukraine: ICC judges issue arrest warrants against Sergei Kuzhugetovich Shoigu and Valery Vasilyevich Gerasimov
14665:
10044:
9521:
9248:
2738:
during Israel's bombardment, as well as an Israeli journalist killed during a surprise attack by Hamas in southern Israel.
18765:"Lawyers Are Working to Put 'Ecocide' on Par with War Crimes. Could an International Law Hold Major Polluters to Account?"
18344:(12 February 2015). "The Role of Domestic Opposition and International Justice Regimes in Peaceful Transitions of Power".
15481:"Statement of the Prosecutor, Fatou Bensouda, on her request to open an investigation of the Situation in the Philippines"
15455:
13505:
10956:
10613:
10591:"Situation in Ukraine: ICC judges issue arrest warrants against Sergei Ivanovich Kobylash and Viktor Nikolayevich Sokolov"
9627:
817:
The ICC has four principal organs: the Presidency, the Judicial Divisions, the Office of the Prosecutor and the Registry.
20544:
20397:
20387:
19734:
19349:
19330:
16249:
Situation in CAR II: ICC Pre-Trial Chamber II issues public redacted version of Arrest Warrant for Mahamat Nouradine Adam
15204:"ICC Prosecutor opens investigation into war crimes in Mali: 'The legal requirements have been met. We will investigate'"
11538:
8672:
8468:: "The manner in which the ICC has been operating has left a very bad impression in Africa. It is totally unacceptable."
8296:
8135:
2092:
1350:
the destruction of the environment, the illegal exploitation of natural resources or the illegal dispossession of land".
16868:
16377:
Situation in Ukraine: ICC judges issue arrest warrants against Sergei Ivanovich Kobylash and Viktor Nikolayevich Sokolov
14872:
9889:
9857:
9775:
9464:
2328:
Until late 2015, the ICC was housed in interim premises in The Hague provided by the Netherlands. Formerly belonging to
20314:
20304:
20046:
19658:
19398:
19066:
15226:"Statement of ICC Prosecutor, Fatou Bensouda, on the Situation on registered vessels of the Union of the Comoros et al"
14618:
12753:
9798:
8740:
8509:
8238:
8151:
8143:
3845:
Summary of investigations and prosecutions by the International Criminal Court (not including reparations proceedings)
1842:
The Court will only initiate proceedings if a crime is of "sufficient gravity to justify further action by the Court".
1018:
714:
15961:
Kushayb case: Pre-Trial Chamber II makes public a second warrant of arrest and schedules a first appearance on 15 June
9434:
8974:
perpetrators of war crimes know that they can avoid ICC judgment by taking over government and refusing to cooperate.
1607:
In total there are 74 war crimes listed in article 8. The most serious crimes constitute either grave breaches of the
1539:
20610:
20564:
20241:
19888:
19838:
19686:
19662:
18659:"Corporate War Criminals and the International Criminal Court: Blood and Profits in the Democratic Republic of Congo"
18407:"Last week, the International Criminal Court convicted a war criminal. And that revealed one of the ICC's weaknesses"
17040:
16878:
16481:
12870:
11011:
10986:
8910:. In that event, ICC judges and prosecutors would be barred from entering the U.S., their funds in the U.S. would be
8907:
8885:
8347:
1895:
proceedings are allowed for protection of witnesses or defendants as well as for confidential or sensitive evidence.
702:. The creation of these tribunals further highlighted to many the need for a permanent international criminal court.
16164:
14506:"ICC - Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court opens an investigation into Nothern [sic] Uganda"
13158:
12001:
11572:
11191:
671:, revived the idea of a permanent international criminal court by proposing the creation of tribunal to address the
20157:
16768:
14549:
13472:
13284:
12722:
9604:
8799:
5024:
1614:
Eleven crimes constitute grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions and apply only to international armed conflicts:
940:
18483:
18163:
16841:
16614:
14483:
13173:
12400:
10665:"ICC chief prosecutor seeks arrest warrants for Netanyahu and Hamas leader over alleged war crimes β live updates"
9693:
1145:
The Court has four organs: the Presidency, the Judicial Division, the Office of the Prosecutor, and the Registry.
1067:, including all the countries of South America, nearly all of Europe, most of Oceania and roughly half of Africa.
20605:
20464:
19823:
19739:
17774:
14082:
8756:
8098:
8082:
4849:
Overview on cases currently active before the ICC (excludes cases against fugitives and reparations proceedings)
2727:
2720:
1263:
867:
610:
594:
18583:"Corporations before International Criminal Courts: Implications for the International Criminal Justice Project"
17803:
15640:
13212:
11603:"Frequently Asked Questions About the U.S. Government's Policy Regarding the International Criminal Court (ICC)"
9494:
20526:
20281:
20061:
20038:
20018:
19868:
19770:
19602:
19546:
18877:
16080:
13534:
13363:"ICC has signed contract with Danish architect Schmidt Hammer Lassen for the development of permanent premises"
9064:
8705:
8285:
8115:
8094:
7861:
2352:
2009:
1282:
says the checks and balances are so weak that the prosecutor "has virtually unlimited discretion in practice".
987:
560:
492:
448:
20:
18387:
Alana Tiemessen (December 2016). "The International Criminal Court and the lawfare of judicial intervention".
16544:. Coalition for the International Criminal Court. 12 November 2004. Archived from the original on 29 June 2006
16212:
15275:
Situation on Registered Vessels of the Union of the Comoros, the Hellenic Republic and the Kingdom of Cambodia
12800:
10107:
Parliamentarians for Global Action β Mobilizing Legislators as Champions for Human Rights, Democracy and Peace
9829:"UN DIPLOMATIC CONFERENCE CONCLUDES IN ROME WITH DECISION TO ESTABLISH PERMANENT INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT"
834:
The ICC employs over 900 personnel from roughly 100 countries and conducts proceedings in English and French.
19904:
19418:
18898:
16636:
16563:
14687:
13667:
12972:
12923:
10723:
2256:
675:. In response, the General Assembly tasked the ILC with once again drafting a statute for a permanent court.
24:
19623:
15898:
15272:
14454:
13340:
11692:
11451:
1297:, who served from 16 June 2012 to 16 June 2021 (she was elected to the nine-year term on 12 December 2011).
19566:
19380:
18186:
18091:
17111:
15134:
14411:"ICC - The Office of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court opens its first investigation"
12726:
10970:
10786:
8572:
8105:
is governed by a "Relationship Agreement between the International Criminal Court and the United Nations".
8018:
Obviously, only persons who are publicly indicted are listed. The Court can issue an indictment under seal.
6320:
2639:
charges against them withdrawn, and eight have died before the conclusion of the proceedings against them.
2136:
2057:
1248:
as such, no member of the Office may seek or act on instructions from any external source, such as states,
614:
552:
17539:
14895:"ICC Pre-Trial Chamber I authorises the Prosecutor to open an investigation into the situation in Georgia"
13903:"Thomas Lubanga Dyilo and Germain Katanga transferred to the DRC to serve their sentences of imprisonment"
11943:
8321:
7376:
1499:
Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction
1092:
Forty-one additional states have neither signed nor acceded to the Rome Statute. Some of them, including
970:
since 2014. Should Putin travel to a state party, he can be arrested by local authorities. Later in 2023,
20407:
20056:
19607:
19388:
17919:
16189:
Situation in Mali: Mr Al Hassan convicted of war crimes and crimes against humanity committed in Timbuktu
13776:
12643:
12037:
9017:
excessive power under international law, or that it would compromise voluntary initiatives by companies.
8748:
534:
17694:
15800:
15412:"Statement of ICC Prosecutor, Fatou Bensouda, respecting an investigation of the Situation in Palestine"
15182:"ICC Prosecutor Fatou Bensouda on the Malian State referral of the situation in Mali since January 2012"
13951:
Supranational criminal prosecution of sexual violence: the ICC and the practice of the ICTY and the ICTR
12429:. Oxford monographs in international law (Publ. new in paperback ed.). Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press.
12189:
9000:
application on the latest Office of The Prosecutor's Report on Preliminary Examination Activities 2016.
8097:, the ICC is legally independent from the United Nations. The Rome Statute grants certain powers to the
2695:
trial in the situation of Darfur, Sudan, was scheduled to begin in 2014 but the start date was vacated.
2299:
955:
526:. Others have also questioned the effectiveness of the court as a means of upholding international law.
20615:
20424:
20201:
20066:
20002:
19444:
19372:
18260:
13636:
13240:
13080:
9575:
9110:
8731:
8517:
8246:
2320:
2029:
1747:
Allowing territory to be used by another state to perpetrate an act of aggression against a third state
1249:
472:
14291:
11853:
11473:
11101:
11070:
10919:
10881:
20071:
19843:
19597:
18201:
17827:"ICC prosecutor requests investigation into U.S. military, CIA for alleged war crimes in Afghanistan"
16068:
10852:"United Nations Treaty Database entry regarding the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court"
10815:"United Nations Treaty Database entry regarding the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court"
10134:
Governance, order, and the International Criminal Court: between realpolitik and a cosmopolitan court
10110:
9037:
9029:
8522:
2731:
2614:
2062:
1353:
This has been interpreted as a major shift in environmental law and a move with significant effects.
1110:
655:
in 1970 and created the Foundation for the Establishment of an International Criminal Court in 1971.
18764:
17723:
16152:
16140:
15948:
15868:
15788:
14433:"The Statement of the International Criminal Court, Luis Moreno-Ocampo in relation to Cote D'Ivoire"
11823:
11793:
11518:
2332:, the provisional headquarters were located at Maanweg 174 in the east-central portion of the city.
873:
20417:
20101:
19927:
18164:"House passes International Criminal Court sanctions bill after prosecutor seeks Netanyahu warrant"
17220:
16507:"Negotiated Relationship Agreement between the International Criminal Court and the United Nations"
16224:
15923:
15645:
Decision assigning the Situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo II to Pre-Trial Chamber I"
14211:"A media freedom group accuses Israel and Hamas of war crimes and reports deaths of 34 journalists"
13528:"Report on the future permanent premises of the International Criminal Court: Project Presentation"
12427:
International justice and the International Criminal Court: between sovereignty and the rule of law
10698:. Routledge research in international law. London New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
8807:
8155:
7302:
7195:
6789:
5694:
1912:
1878:
1790:
1422:
1309:
crimes in Iraq. At the ICC, he had been lead defense counsel on cases from Kenya, Sudan and Libya.
983:
787:
766:
The UN General Assembly voted on 9 December 1999 and again on 12 December 2000 to endorse the ICC.
326:
18997:
16236:
15856:
15812:
15503:"Situation in the Philippines: ICC Pre-Trial Chamber I authorises the opening of an investigation"
13930:"In historic ruling, international court cites rape in war crimes conviction of ex-Congo official"
10306:
The Emerging System of International Criminal Law: Developments in Codification and Implementation
965:. Russia denounced the arrest warrants as "outrageous". Putin became the first head of state of a
506:, the ICC is considered by its proponents to be a major step toward justice, and an innovation in
20590:
20402:
20180:
20124:
19681:
19455:
19033:
18738:
13314:
11176:
10332:"The crimes within the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court (Part II, Articles 5-10)"
9059:
9022:
8865:
8274:
7465:
1113:. If consensus cannot be reached, decisions are made by vote. The Assembly is presided over by a
480:
16513:
16044:
16032:
15996:
15984:
15702:
12207:
11247:
10614:"Live updates: Israel-Hamas war in Gaza, Benny Gantz ultimatum, Netanyahu government in turmoil"
9148:
721:, during which NGOs provided input and attended meetings under the umbrella organisation of the
19612:
19587:
19480:
16104:
16020:
15740:
15690:
13362:
8915:
7119:
7016:
2719:
activist groups filed a complaint with the ICC calling for it to investigate PRC officials for
2702:
2685:
1700:
1572:
1458:
729:
in the Netherlands to technically consolidate and restructure the draft articles into a draft.
580:
18693:
18560:
18548:
16815:
16116:
14389:"ICC - Prosecutor receives referral of the situation in the Democratic Republic of Congo"
14265:
13812:
13637:"Financial statements of the International Criminal Court for the year ended 31 December 2020"
13473:"PR UN, New York β Permanent Representations β The Netherlands at International Organisations"
12359:"See especially paras 52β61 for discussion of the crimes of deportation and forcible transfer"
9303:
8723:, U.S. opposition to the ICC evolved to "positive engagement", although no effort was made to
3792:
The preliminary examination relates to registered vessels of the Comoros, Greece and Cambodia.
821:
The President is the most senior judge chosen by the eighteen judges in the Judicial Division.
19912:
18341:
16008:
15911:
15157:"Statement of the Prosecutor on the opening of the investigation into the situation in Libya"
13706:
11226:
11172:
8822:
8505:
8163:
8139:
8036:
If there was a warrant of arrest, the dates of transfer to the International Criminal Court (
6798:
6172:
5379:
5306:
2650:
2276:
2212:
2005:
1916:
1562:
690:, created in 1993 in response to large-scale atrocities committed by armed forces during the
496:
18444:
Schabas, William A. (2008). "'Complementarity in practice': Some uncomplimentary thoughts".
15776:
11732:
9249:"Commission on the Responsibility of the Authors of the War and on Enforcement of Penalties"
2044:
It is unclear to what extent the ICC is compatible with reconciliation processes that grant
20580:
20494:
20231:
20081:
19556:
19413:
17675:
16695:"Gambia is the latest African country deciding to pull out of International Criminal Court"
16617:. Coalition for the International Criminal Court. Archived from the original on 20 May 2011
13153:
10759:
8860:. President Biden denounced Netanyahu's arrest warrant as "outrageous." Secretary of State
8853:
8739:
advised the court to consider seeking charges for human rights abuses committed during the
8461:
8432:
6578:
5438:
5035:
1692:
1587:
1434:
1363:
890:
783:
636:
621:, which made the establishment of an international criminal court politically unrealistic.
371:
341:
16658:, Governance and Limited Statehood Series, London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, pp. 37β58,
13209:"Report of the Secretary-General on the Establishment of a Special Court for Sierra Leone"
9600:
1707:
of 1974 and include the following acts when committed by one state against another state:
647:(1975), he advocated for the establishment of such a court. Another leading proponent was
8:
20504:
20499:
20362:
19513:
19460:
19423:
18111:
17361:
16699:
13934:
13885:"The Prosecutor v. Thomas Lubanga Dyilo β Judgment pursuant to Article 74 of the Statute"
13098:
12647:
12620:
12105:
12101:"Is environmental destruction a crime against humanity? The ICC may be about to find out"
10975:
The Laws of Armed Conflicts: A Collection of Conventions, Resolutions and Other Documents
9918:
9915:"The International Criminal Court β A Historic Development in the Fight for Justice"
9568:"Election of Mr Arthur N.R. Robinson to the Board of Directors of the Victims Trust Fund"
8641:
8568:
8225:
In October 2016, after repeated claims that the court was biased against African states,
6889:
2324:
The former (provisional) headquarters of the ICC in The Hague, in use until December 2015
1953:
1949:
1714:
1510:
1466:
979:
847:
806:
679:
648:
624:
551:
to judge political leaders accused of international crimes was first proposed during the
548:
488:
452:
18505:
17107:"African Union Countries Rally Around Kenyan President, But Won't Withdraw From The ICC"
15714:
14013:
13884:
13834:
12358:
12292:
The International Criminal Court: elements of crimes and rules of procedure and evidence
11400:
11006:
9776:"Negotiating the Treaty of Rome on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court"
8478:
States parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court Β§ Withdrawal
4925:
Detailed summary of investigations and prosecutions by the International Criminal Court
20335:
19947:
19932:
19922:
19676:
19497:
19492:
19465:
19403:
18893:
18610:
18461:
18369:
18322:
17754:
17544:
16938:"Africa and the International Criminal Court: A drag net that catches only small fish?"
16763:
15830:
13696:"Report on programme performance of the International Criminal Court for the year 2007"
13133:
11669:
11248:"Ukraine accepts ICC jurisdiction over alleged crimes committed since 20 February 2014"
10790:
10646:"Israel Gaza war: ICC prosecutor seeks arrest warrants for Netanyahu and Hamas leaders"
10237:
9828:
9549:
9375:
9284:
9276:
9204:
8849:
8845:
8784:
8637:
8159:
8147:
7831:
7722:
2001:
1975:
1751:
1608:
1275:
1232:
998:
958:
861:
Intended to serve as the "court of last resort", the ICC complements existing national
672:
632:
18229:
16309:
15960:
14056:
13902:
12265:
10014:
8668:
8563:
Following the announcement that the ICC would open a preliminary investigation on the
8125:
There are a number of NGOs working on a variety of issues related to the ICC. The NGO
8009:
A situation is listed here if the Prosecutor of the Court has opened an investigation.
1187:
824:
The Judicial Division is composed of eighteen judges and hears cases before the Court.
20600:
20469:
20434:
20377:
20345:
20262:
19971:
19808:
19408:
19043:
18821:
18689:
18614:
18602:
18556:
18465:
18414:
18373:
18361:
18312:
18047:"US Judge Blocks Trump Sanctions Targeting Human Rights Lawyers, War Crimes Tribunal"
17972:
17840:
17778:
17036:
16874:
16795:
16667:
16630:
16557:
16453:
14968:
14129:
14090:
13954:
13616:
13576:
13244:
12939:
12866:
12769:
12526:
12456:
12430:
12295:
11632:
11222:
11214:
11168:
11160:
10982:
10699:
10351:
10331:
10310:
10285:
10162:
10137:
9945:
9666:
9641:
9541:
9395:"Fair Trials and International Courts: A Critical Evaluation of the Nuremberg Legacy"
9379:
9334:
9309:
9288:
9268:
9208:
9196:
8815:
8744:
8602:
7564:
5699:
2734:
also lodged a complaint regarding the deaths of eight Palestinian journalists in the
2671:
2657:
2533:
1957:
so that they can help to shape truth, justice and reparations outcomes of the Court.
1592:
936:
668:
568:
507:
236:
18068:
13664:
Part III β Resolutions and recommendations adopted by the Assembly of States Parties
12898:
12704:
11602:
9831:(Press release). United Nations Meetings Coverage and Press Releases. 20 July 1998.
8767:, stated that ICC Court had no jurisdiction over the U.S., which did not ratify the
8451:
plot" against him. Ivory Coast's government opted not to transfer former first lady
143:
20620:
20489:
20412:
20096:
19691:
19526:
19475:
18594:
18453:
18353:
18326:
18306:
17865:
17836:
16907:
16792:
The International Criminal Court and peace processes in Africa: judicialising peace
16659:
13268:
12843:
12523:
The trial proceedings of the international criminal court: ICTY and ICTR precedents
11661:
11447:
11206:
11152:
10978:
10434:
10424:
10343:
10275:
10190:
9633:
9533:
9406:
9367:
9260:
9186:
8869:
7965:
7575:
6828:
6500:
1996:
1567:
1486:
1410:
1301:
699:
576:
356:
274:
269:
259:
254:
221:
213:
116:
101:
86:
14638:
14636:
13748:
12899:"Decision establishing the principles and procedures to be applied to reparations"
8460:
accused the ICC of "mishandling complex African issues". Ethiopian Prime Minister
8181:
Promoting worldwide ratification and implementation of the Rome Statute of the ICC
1159:
20449:
20444:
20439:
20357:
19592:
19393:
17635:
17486:"Revealed: Israeli spy chief 'threatened' ICC prosecutor over war crimes inquiry"
16285:
Situation in the Peopleβs Republic of Bangladesh/Republic of the Union of Myanmar
14781:
13265:
Headquarter Agreement between the International Criminal Court and the Host State
13105:
12860:
12677:
12137:
11656:
10645:
10487:
10304:
10066:
10036:
9749:
8989:
8984:
8911:
8575:
8466:
General debate of the sixty-eighth session of the United Nations General Assembly
8457:
8077:
7898:
7527:
6761:
5218:
2646:
2050:
1577:
1321:
The five following Policy Papers have been published since the start of the ICC:
1279:
1120:
The Assembly meets in full session once a year, alternating between New York and
991:
975:
924:
862:
782:
The Court issued its first judgment in 2012 when it found Congolese rebel leader
556:
264:
249:
226:
71:
56:
14236:
9721:
9437:. United Nations Department of Public Information. December 2002. Archived from
8621:
did not recognize the Court's decision to issue an arrest warrant for President
617:(ILC) drafted two statutes by the early 1950s but these were shelved during the
20246:
20091:
19803:
17698:
15972:
15112:
15108:
14633:
13856:
11109:
11078:
11043:
10927:
10889:
9964:
9520:
Ferencz, Benjamin B. (January 1972). Stone, Julius; Woetzel, Robert K. (eds.).
9468:
8899:
8861:
8827:
8791:
8760:
8736:
8708:
8692:
8653:
8622:
8598:
8593:
8555:
in an attempt to dissuade her from opening war crime inquiries against Israel.
8544:
8488:
8408:
8396:
7794:
7640:
7308:
6932:
6557:
6228:
6131:
5877:
Convicted and sentenced to one year of imprisonment and a fine of 300,000 USD;
5604:
5131:
2709:
2691:
2681:
2665:
2642:
2619:
2469:
1971:
1557:
1290:
1228:
1163:
1137:
In 2010, Kampala, Uganda hosted the Assembly's Rome Statute Review Conference.
1014:
951:
928:
916:
908:
882:
878:
776:
628:
18598:
18457:
18127:"Biden at odds with allies as U.S. and Israel attack ICC over arrest warrants"
16652:"The Role of the ICC in Transitional Gender Justice: Capacity and Limitations"
16302:
11542:
11039:"Annan regrets US decision not to ratify International Criminal Court statute"
10347:
10280:
10263:
9465:"Reasonable Doubt: The Case Against the Proposed International Criminal Court"
9410:
9191:
9174:
9050:
Agreement on the Privileges and Immunities of the International Criminal Court
4804:
Indicted but died before the trial or appeal (where applicable) was concluded.
2049:
investigation would not serve the interests of justice". Former ICC president
1781:
national of a state that is within the territorial jurisdiction of the Court.
1477:, which is a fifth category of crime for which individuals can be prosecuted.
889:
The ICC held its first hearing in 2006, concerning war crimes charges against
713:
From 1996 to 1998, six sessions of the Preparatory Committee were held at the
20635:
19653:
19341:
18606:
18418:
18365:
18357:
17998:"Trump targets ICC with sanctions after court opens war crimes investigation"
17976:
17844:
17782:
16284:
15593:
15251:"Preliminary examination: Registered Vessels of Comoros, Greece and Cambodia"
14804:"Afghanistan: ICC Appeals Chamber authorises the opening of an investigation"
14597:"ICC - Prosecutor receives referral concerning Central African Republic"
14133:
14094:
13996:"The ICC's rejection of Bemba's compensation claim points to need for reform"
11636:
11218:
11164:
10565:"Russia adds International Criminal Court president Hofmanski to wanted list"
10355:
10289:
9545:
9472:
9371:
9272:
9200:
8661:
8648:
8614:
8606:
8452:
8448:
8400:
8086:
7928:
7265:
7068:
6855:
5550:
5523:
3722:
2623:
2158:
2145:
1882:
1398:
1386:
1306:
1010:
718:
691:
18087:"Israel, U.S. seek to prevent ICC arrest warrant against Netanyahu - report"
17301:"Gambia latest African nation to withdraw from International Criminal Court"
16663:
16128:
14988:
13045:
11689:"The Assembly of States Parties to the Rome Statute opens its tenth session"
10438:
10417:
9806:
9438:
4857:
Between beginning of confirmation of charges hearing and beginning of trial
4854:
Between initial appearance and beginning of confirmation of charges hearing
2896:
1990:. The cooperation of the non-party states with the ICC is envisioned by the
20509:
20429:
20382:
19655:
19433:
18873:
18206:
18031:
18002:
17920:"Trump authorizes sanctions against International Criminal Court officials"
17896:
17831:
17010:"The International Criminal Court: An Unbiased or Eurocentric Institution?"
14260:
14258:
13979:
13533:. International Criminal Court. 18 October 2005. p. 23. Archived from
13177:
12204:"BRUNO CATHALA OF FRANCE ELECTED REGISTRAR OF INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT"
12073:
11974:
10794:
9355:
9175:"The hidden impacts of the ICC: An innovative assessment using Google data"
8923:
8864:
said the Biden administration would work with the US Congress on potential
8803:
8795:
8776:
8768:
8720:
8534:
8513:
8428:
8416:
8392:
8385:
8365:
8242:
8230:
8057:
7413:
6658:
6459:
6368:
6039:
5577:
4759:
A situation is listed here if an investigation was begun by the Prosecutor.
2348:
2342:
People detained by the International Criminal Court Β§ Detention centre
2236:
2222:
Combination Visser & Smit Bouw and Boele & van Eesteren ('Courtys')
1991:
1920:
1179:
1076:
1031:
1006:
1002:
519:
511:
503:
464:
394:
311:
20149:
16651:
14666:"ICC - Security Council refers situation in Darfur to ICC Prosecutor"
14122:"Exiled Uighurs call on ICC to investigate Chinese 'genocide' in Xinjiang"
11474:"Uganda to host Rome Statute Review Conference " The Hague Justice Portal"
11445:
11210:
11156:
9637:
9149:"International Criminal Court | Definition, History, Purpose, & Facts"
3727:
2903:
1509:
The definition of these crimes is identical to those contained within the
842:
The ICC began operations on 1 July 2002, upon the entry into force of the
20595:
20474:
20454:
20367:
20352:
20267:
19305:
18261:"CAN A U.S. ALLY ACTUALLY BE HELD ACCOUNTABLE FOR WAR CRIMES IN THE ICC?"
16176:
13642:. Assembly of States Parties, International Criminal Court. 23 July 2021.
13004:"On Co-Operation by States Not Party to the International Criminal Court"
12455:. Springer Science. International Progress Organization. Wien: Springer.
12206:. United Nations Information Service Vienna. 26 June 2003. Archived from
11576:
11230:
11007:"International Criminal Court: Letter to UN Secretary General Kofi Annan"
11002:
10486:
Armstrong, Kathryn; Radford, Antoinette; Gardner, Frank (18 March 2023).
9085:
9069:
9018:
9013:
8787:
8564:
8552:
8373:
7742:
7702:
7520:
In ICC custody, charges confirmed, trial before Trial-Chamber VI ongoing
6927:
6438:
6286:
6076:
5486:
2383:
1886:
1726:
1582:
1534:
1072:
932:
904:
795:
Review Conference of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
640:
590:
460:
17585:"There's a new dividing line for world leaders: Would you arrest Putin?"
16650:
Chappell, Louise (2012), Buckley-Zistel, Susanne; Stanley, Ruth (eds.),
15880:
14255:
14186:"Israeli victims' families urge ICC to investigate Oct. 7 Hamas attacks"
14038:
13870:
13288:
13234:
12730:
12617:"The International Criminal Court: Fact sheet 9 β Fair trial guarantees"
11673:
11511:
7369:
In ICC custody, charges confirmed, trial before Trial-Chamber V ongoing
6126:
In ICC custody, charges confirmed, trial before Trial-Chamber I ongoing
4777:
Indicted and has had at least first appearance; trial has not yet begun.
858:; 41 states have neither signed nor become parties to the Rome Statute.
20479:
19961:
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC)
18479:
18107:"US and Israel criticised for threatening International Criminal Court"
16816:"ICC and Africa β International Criminal Court and African Sovereignty"
15801:
Mbarushimana case: ICC Appeals Chamber rejects the Prosecutionβs appeal
13204:
13181:
12816:"Realising Justice for Victims before the International Criminal Court"
9553:
9280:
8931:
8857:
8633:
8483:
8288: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
8187:
Ensuring the ICC will be as fair, effective and independent as possible
7684:
5864:
Verdicts modified and re-sentencing partially remanded to Trial Chamber
2735:
1874:
1720:
1240:
1128:
468:
16352:
16340:
16296:
12038:"International court to prosecute environmental crimes in major shift"
11708:"Britain's Karim Khan elected International Criminal Court prosecutor"
10371:"ICC judges issue arrest warrant for Putin over war crimes in Ukraine"
8360:
5017:
2676:
2669:(DR Congo) was convicted to 30 years for crimes against humanity. The
2355:, The Hague, close to the ICC's headquarters in the Alexanderkazerne.
1059:
States parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
20585:
20340:
19502:
19038:
18734:"International Criminal Court to prosecute business and human rights"
18145:"Blinken says he'll work with US Congress on potential ICC sanctions"
11665:
11102:"Reference: C.N.886.2016.TREATIES-XVIII.10 (Depositary Notification)"
10920:"Reference: C.N.138.2018.TREATIES-XVIII.10 (Depositary Notification)"
10882:"Reference: C.N.805.2016.TREATIES-XVIII.10 (Depositary Notification)"
9498:
9090:
8927:
8834:
8811:
8657:
8167:
7756:
5687:; in custody of Norwegian authorities, release between 2033 and 2043
4795:
Trial has been completed and verdict delivered but appeal is pending.
2781:
Currently, the Office of the Prosecutor has opened investigations in
2752:
2549:
2229:
2128:
1891:
1755:
1462:
1286:
1121:
598:
484:
456:
205:
18027:"Human rights lawyers sue Trump administration for 'silencing' them"
16759:"South Africa Reverses Withdrawal From International Criminal Court"
14364:"Communications Received by the Office of the Prosecutor of the ICC"
11764:"Is the ICC Reconsidering its Policy on the 'Interests of Justice'?"
10400:"Ukraine war: International court issues warrant for Putin's arrest"
10393:
10391:
9799:"Results of the Rome Conference for an International Criminal Court"
9537:
9394:
9264:
8263:
8027:
If not otherwise noted, the indicted is wanted by warrant of arrest.
1978:
to victims and their families if the convicted person has no money.
1511:
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide
1337:
15 September 2016: Policy paper on case selection and prioritisation
1266:, acting to address a threat to international peace and security; or
1255:
The Prosecutor may open an investigation under three circumstances:
779:
on 8 July 2005, and the first pre-trial hearings were held in 2006.
157:
20392:
20330:
20309:
20076:
19470:
19028:
17076:"Kenya pushing for African split from International Criminal Court"
17057:"Kenya pushing for African split from International Criminal Court"
16201:
Situation in Mali: ICC unseals arrest warrant against Iyad Ag Ghaly
13816:
9965:
Coalition for the International Criminal Court. (13 October 2005).
9629:
States of Justice: The Politics of the International Criminal Court
9012:
There is a debate on whether the ICC should have jurisdiction over
8872:
that contained the warning "Target Israel and we will target you".
8440:
5211:; in custody of Belgian authorities; release between 2033 and 2043
2726:
On 31 October 2023, the Israeli families of over 34 victims of the
2375:
2244:
1900:
1735:
1454:
618:
476:
18308:
The Justice Dilemma: Leaders and Exile in an Era of Accountability
16272:
16260:
15433:
15250:
15245:
15243:
13953:. School of Human Rights Research series. Antwerpen: Intersentia.
13651:
13649:
10727:
10538:
9942:
The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court: a commentary
9331:
Crime and global justice: the dynamics of international punishment
8837:
said that the issuing of the warrant "makes a very strong point".
8245:, Gambia rescinded its withdrawal notification. A decision by the
1981:
1223:
18816:
18633:"Corporate Human Rights Obligations: Controversial but necessary"
17618:"Russia puts international court's top leadership on wanted list"
17392:"ICC withdrawal 'unconstitutional and invalid', high court rules"
15135:"Statement by the Office of the Prosecutor on situation in Libya"
14967:. International criminal justice series. The Hague: Asser Press.
13174:"Czech Parliament Against Ratifying International Criminal Court"
13128:
11623:
LeBor, Adam (September 2011). BrΓ»lΓ©, Tyler (ed.). "Don't Judge".
10513:"Russia puts international court's top leadership on wanted list"
10388:
10011:"Prosecutor Presents Evidence That Could Lead to First ICC Trial"
9033:
8996:
8752:
8500:
8424:
8226:
7777:
7688:
7670:
2716:
2706:
2437:
2371:
2240:
2056:
It is sometimes argued that amnesties are necessary to allow the
2045:
1896:
1762:
1547:
1447:
1068:
851:
798:
726:
19072:
Presidents and vice-presidents of the Assembly of States Parties
17332:"South Africa Withdraws From International Court; Others Follow"
16964:"Europe β From Lubanga to Kony, is the ICC only after Africans?"
16539:"Q&A: The Relationship Agreement between the ICC and the UN"
14619:"Prosecutor opens investigation in the Central African Republic"
14484:"ICC - ICC Holds Seminar with Ugandan Judicial Authorities"
14160:"ICC prosecutor rejects Uighur genocide complaint against China"
14014:"Decision on the confirmation of charges against Dominic Ongwen"
13745:
Part III β Resolutions adopted by the Assembly of States Parties
13666:. International Criminal Court. 14 December 2007. Archived from
11418:"Assembly of States Parties of the International Criminal Court"
10264:"Universal Jurisdiction for International Crimes β A Case Study"
8589:
International Criminal Court arrest warrants for Russian figures
8516:, the new government rescinded its withdrawal notification. The
8372:
The ICC has been accused of bias and as being a tool of Western
2772:
Ongoing preliminary examinations (Nigeria, Guinea, Venezuela II)
2039:
1485:
Article 6 defines the crime of genocide as "acts committed with
639:, became a vocal advocate of the establishment of international
20484:
20372:
19873:
19848:
19834:
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA)
19725:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
19487:
15715:
Order regarding the hearing scheduled for 29 June - 1 July 2020
15616:"Situation in the Plurinational State of Bolivia: Final Report"
15240:
14709:
13646:
13079:
Military and Paramilitary Activities in and against Nicaragua (
11706:
Nichols, Michelle; van den Berg, Stephanie (13 February 2021).
10488:"Putin arrest warrant: Biden welcomes ICC's war crimes charges"
10481:
10479:
10477:
10013:. International Criminal Court. 9 November 2006. Archived from
9987:. International Criminal Court. 14 October 2005. Archived from
8919:
8724:
8618:
8548:
8525:
revealed on 5 July 2017 that its intention to withdraw stands.
8464:, at the time AU chairman, told the UN General Assembly at the
8381:
8234:
6028:
5475:
3862:
2767:
Authorization to open investigation requested (none at present)
2517:
2501:
2453:
2387:
1741:
Attack on the land, sea, or air forces or marine and air fleets
1526:
1294:
897:
and is conducting an additional nine preliminary examinations.
802:
793:
In 2010, the states parties of the Rome Statute held the first
745:
710:
Establishment of the ICC to prepare a consolidated draft text.
585:
564:
523:
18812:
18807:
17662:"Sorry not sorry, says Mongolia after failure to arrest Putin"
17540:"International Criminal Court Issues Arrest Warrant for Putin"
16083:. ICC press release. 14 October 2022. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
15826:"DRC army says Rwandan Hutu rebel commander Mudacumura killed"
15753:
DR Congo to prosecute militia leader Katanga, convicted by ICC
14269:
14240:
14083:"Uighur Exiles Push for Court Case Accusing China of Genocide"
12791:"The International Criminal Court β Hope for the Victims"
11654:
Henry A. Kissinger. "The Pitfalls of Universal Jurisdiction".
11071:"Reference: C.N.612.2008.TREATIES-6 (Depositary Notification)"
10663:
Belam, Martin; Bayer, Lili; Livingstone, Helen (20 May 2024).
9750:"ICC history | Coalition for the International Criminal Court"
7258:
In ICC custody, convicted, to be sentenced by Trial-Chamber X
2741:
2689:
trial in the CΓ΄te d'Ivoire situation ended in acquittals. The
903:
have been indicted in the ICC, including Ugandan rebel leader
651:, a German-born professor of international law, who co-edited
463:. It is the first and only permanent international court with
20459:
20216:
19849:
UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
19311:
American Non-Governmental Organizations Coalition for the ICC
17965:"International Criminal Court | The transnational arm of law"
17724:"Dutch still wincing at Bush-era 'Invasion of The Hague Act'"
14873:"ICC Prosecutor confirms situation in Georgia under analysis"
13835:"ICC to probe Venezuela over alleged crimes against humanity"
12069:"ICC widens remit to include environmental destruction cases"
11970:"ICC widens remit to include environmental destruction cases"
11521:(Press release). International Criminal Court. 11 March 2024.
10846:
10844:
10842:
10840:
10362:
9722:"Establishment of an International Criminal Court - overview"
9227:"The ICC's problem is not overt racism, it is Eurocentricism"
8444:
8436:
8420:
8412:
8253:
8237:
announced their withdrawals from the Rome Statute. Following
8184:
Maintaining the integrity of the Rome Statute of the ICC, and
6357:
2565:
2485:
2421:
2379:
1502:
Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group
1496:
Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group
1183:
1097:
1093:
920:
912:
757:
753:
749:
737:
645:
Defining International Aggression: The Search for World Peace
606:
18506:"Situation in Georgia, Public Document with Confidential..."
17892:"Senior ICC judges authorise Afghanistan war crimes inquiry"
13598:
13558:
12698:
11686:
10781:
10779:
10777:
10474:
10336:
European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice
10238:"ICC Myths | Coalition for the International Criminal Court"
9114:
8806:, and the departments they headβon the grounds that Trump's
8605:
in Johannesburg. Russia was represented by Foreign Minister
5468:
Not in ICC custody, reportedly died on 17/18 September 2019
3867:
2232:, Netherlands, but its proceedings may take place anywhere.
2024:(which worked with the principle of the primacy, instead of
1544:
Imprisonment or other severe deprivation of physical liberty
1505:
Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group
1334:
20 June 2014: Policy Paper on Sexual and Gender-Based Crimes
1289:, in office from 2003 to 2012, was succeeded in the role by
20236:
19819:
Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR)
19814:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)
17750:"Bolton Expands on His Boss's Views, Except on North Korea"
17599:"South Africa says Putin agreed not to attend BRICS summit"
17567:"South Africa Mulls Options After ICC's Putin Arrest Order"
16480:. International Criminal Court. August 2006. Archived from
15767:. ICC press release. 7 April 2016. Retrieved 10 April 2016.
13994:
Choukroune, LeΓ―la; Kirabira, Tonny Raymond (24 June 2020).
13705:. International Criminal Court. 26 May 2008. Archived from
13561:"Socorro Flores Liera Head of the Liaison Office to the UN"
12862:
Justice for Victims Before the International Criminal Court
12551:
12478:"The awakening hypothesis of the complementarity principle"
10696:
Justice for victims before the International Criminal Court
10454:
10452:
9076:
List of people indicted in the International Criminal Court
7108:
2699:
2252:
2248:
1552:
1049:
Divisions, the Office of the Prosecutor, and the Registry.
741:
426:
182: State party that subsequently withdrew its membership
16475:"Report of the International Criminal Court for 2005β2006"
16141:
ICC case information sheet on the L. Gbagbo-BlΓ© Goude case
14039:"Al-Mahdi Case (The Prosecutor v. Ahmad Al Faqi Al Mahdi)"
13735:
13601:"The Registrar Inaugurates the ICC Field Office in Bangui"
12521:
Calvo-Goller, Notburga K.; Calvo-Goller, Karin N. (2006).
10837:
10797:
being states parties but not United Nations member states.
10539:"Moskau: Richter des Strafgerichtshofs auf Fahndungsliste"
9040:
is caused by states and corporations in the Global North.
6016:
Convicted and sentenced to eleven months of imprisonment;
5978:
Convicted and sentenced to eleven months of imprisonment;
20516:
19537:
International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia
18795:
18233:
15755:. Yahoo News. 18 January 2016. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
14688:"The Prosecutor of the ICC opens investigation in Darfur"
13237:
Customary International Humanitarian Law, Volume I: Rules
10774:
9687:"Draft Statute for an International Criminal Court, 1994"
9665:(1. publ ed.). New York, NY: Cambridge Univ. Press.
9025:
argues that it should cover all human rights violations.
8876:
passed a bill to sanction ICC officials on June 4, 2024.
8471:
4679:
Putin, Lvova-Belova, Kobylash, Sokolov, Shoigu, Gerasimov
3737:
3732:
3713:
3704:
3699:
3678:
3673:
3655:
3650:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3596:
3591:
3573:
3564:
3559:
3541:
3536:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3427:
3418:
3413:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3338:
3329:
3303:
3285:
3276:
3258:
3249:
3231:
3222:
3201:
3196:
3173:
3168:
3145:
3140:
3120:
3111:
3093:
3084:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3006:
2997:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2946:
2941:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2360:
International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia
2329:
2022:
International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia
1331:
1 November 2013: Policy Paper on Preliminary Examinations
1325:
1 September 2007: Policy Paper on the Interest of Justice
956:
Presidential Commissioner for Children's Rights in Russia
688:
International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia
16:
Intergovernmental organization and international tribunal
17942:"US Sets Sanctions Against International Criminal Court"
17191:"Africans push UN to call off 'racist' court β Features"
16343:. International Criminal Court. Retrieved 14 April 2024.
16299:. International Criminal Court. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
16213:
ICC case information sheet on the Yekatom-NgaΓ―ssona case
13688:
13471:
Zaken, Ministerie van Buitenlandse (28 September 2016).
13085:, Merits, Judgment, ICJ Reports 1986, p. 114, para. 220.
12921:
12751:
12520:
11570:
11536:
10753:
10721:
10449:
9985:"Warrant of Arrest Unsealed Against Five LRA Commanders"
5296:
1024:
963:
child abductions in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
563:. The issue was addressed again at a conference held in
188: Signatory that subsequently withdrew its signature
19572:
International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals
18626:
18624:
18161:
16908:"Is this the end for the International Criminal Court?"
16287:. International Criminal Court. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
16093:
The Prosecutor v. Paul Gicheru and Philip Kipkoech Bett
13724:
12587:
12575:
12563:
12539:
12502:
12133:"CEOs can now be tried in The Hague like war criminals"
10485:
5940:
Convicted and sentenced to six months of imprisonment;
2259:, the court facilities are situated on the site of the
1923:; and the right to examine the witnesses against them.
1370:
List of Registrars of the International Criminal Court
1036:
to initiate an investigation under the requirements of
20001:
18851:
18405:
Hillebrecht, Courtney; Straus, Scott (28 March 2016).
18230:"International Criminal Court: US threatens sanctions"
17139:"Africans urge ICC not to try heads of state β Africa"
15456:"Situation in the Gabonese Republic: Article 5 Report"
13975:"Jean-Pierre Bemba's war crimes conviction overturned"
12321:
12319:
12317:
12315:
12313:
12311:
11600:
9917:. Amnesty International. 11 April 2002. Archived from
9888:. UN General Assembly. 19 January 2001. Archived from
9856:. UN General Assembly. 25 January 2000. Archived from
9532:(1). Geneva: World Peace Through Law Center: 213β215.
3829:
3827:
2315:
1117:, who are elected by the members to three-year terms.
19859:
UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA)
18069:"US lifts Trump-era sanctions against ICC prosecutor"
17636:"Mongolia Obliged to Arrest Putin If He Visits - ICC"
16026:
15949:
ICC case information sheet on the Haroun-Kushayb case
15818:
15062:"Report on Preliminary Examination Activities (2020)"
14550:"Report on Preliminary Examination Activities (2019)"
13502:"ICC says cells ready for Uganda war crimes suspects"
13110:
The International Criminal Court: An End to Impunity?
12701:"Report of the International Criminal Court for 2004"
12614:
11415:
10809:
10807:
10805:
10803:
10662:
8547:
and her family were allegedly threatened by the then
6431:
with no prejudice to re-prosecution, appeal possible
5683:
Convicted and sentenced to 25 years of imprisonment;
3318:
2930:
2756:
ICC investigations and examinations, as of March 2022
2712:
has been convicted to a prison sentence of 25 years.
1854:
1810:
1328:
12 April 2010: Policy Paper on Victims' Participation
20087:
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
19715:
Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
18621:
17274:"Win for Africa as Kenya agenda enters ICC Assembly"
17033:
Africa and the Backlash Against International Courts
16153:
ICC case information sheet on the Simone Gbagbo case
15643:
Situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo II
11631:(46). Midori House, London: Winkontent Ltd.: 48β49.
9032:
caused by corporate activity. The proposed crime of
7180:
Convicted and sentenced to nine years imprisonment;
1711:
Invasion or attack by armed forces against territory
658:
643:
and of an international criminal court. In his book
631:
after World War II and the Chief Prosecutor for the
17165:"ICC rules Kenya VP must attend his trial β Africa"
16353:
Situation in the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela I
16275:. ICC information page. Retrieved 15 November 2017.
15789:
ICC case information sheet on the Mbarushimana case
13235:Jean-Marie Henckaerts; Louise Doswald-Beck (2005).
13124:"Uganda Urges Traditional Justice for Rebel Crimes"
13112:
Crimes of War Project. Retrieved 18 September 2007.
12395:
12393:
12308:
12002:"Policy Paper on Case Selection and Prioritisation"
11914:"Policy paper on case selection and prioritisation"
11705:
10675:
10161:(Repr ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.
10159:
An introduction to the International Criminal Court
9305:
An Introduction to the International Criminal Court
9111:"The International Criminal Court: An Introduction"
8052:
8050:
8048:
8046:
4768:
Indicted but has not yet appeared before the Court.
3824:
19527:International Military Tribunal (Nuremberg Trials)
18180:
17479:
17477:
15813:ICC case information sheet on the Mudacumura case.
15056:
15054:
15052:
15050:
13993:
13905:. International Criminal Court. 19 December 2015.
12788:
10971:"Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court"
10800:
10369:Deutsch, Anthony; Sterling, Toby (17 March 2023).
9603:. Coalition for the International Criminal Court.
8701:United States and the International Criminal Court
5295:(after 8 years, 4 months); remained in custody of
5287:Convicted and sentenced to 12 years imprisonment;
5207:Convicted and sentenced to 30 years imprisonment;
5116:Convicted and sentenced to 14 years imprisonment;
19889:Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO)
18404:
17035:. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 34β55.
14702:
13594:
13592:
11687:International Criminal Court (14 December 2011).
10957:The 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
10398:Meijer, Bart H.; Harmash, Olena (18 March 2023).
10067:"Profile: DR Congo militia leader Thomas Lubanga"
9007:
5917:Convicted and sentenced to a fine of 30,000 USD;
1771:
1252:, non-governmental organisations or individuals.
502:Established in 2002 pursuant to the multilateral
20633:
19776:European Committee for the Prevention of Torture
19557:Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia
19532:International Military Tribunal for the Far East
17866:"Law and Contemporary Problems | Vol 64 | No. 1"
17511:"Philippines becomes second country to quit ICC"
16458:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
16440:. Archived from the original on 11 February 2007
16263:. ICC information page. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
16177:ICC case information sheet on the Al Hassan case
16098:
16033:ICC case information sheet on the Ruto-Sang case
15997:ICC case information sheet on the Abu Garda case
15985:ICC case information sheet on the al-Bashir case
15522:
15520:
13621:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
13599:International Criminal Court (18 October 2007).
13581:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
13495:
13493:
12944:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
12774:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
12390:
12067:Vidal, John; Bowcott, Owen (15 September 2016).
11968:Vidal, John; Bowcott, Owen (15 September 2016).
11884:"Policy Paper on Sexual and Gender-Based Crimes"
11446:Coalition for the International Criminal Court.
11138:
10423:
10268:European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research
9522:"Toward a Feasible International Criminal Court"
9081:Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
8172:International Federation of Human Rights Leagues
8108:
8043:
5284:Appeals by Prosecution and Defence discontinued
1473:) (since 2018). In addition, article 70 defines
734:Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
603:International Military Tribunal for the Far East
19956:International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)
19756:African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights
18630:
18386:
18199:
17474:
17452:"ANC is sticking to its guns on ICC withdrawal"
16435:International Criminal Court, 1 February 2007.
16165:ICC case information sheet on the al-Mahdi case
16081:ICC terminates proceedings against Paul Gicheru
16045:ICC case information sheet on the Kenyatta case
15703:ICC case information sheet on the Ntaganda case
15047:
14542:
13771:
13769:
13736:Assembly of States Parties (21 November 2008).
13603:. Archived from the original on 29 October 2007
13563:. Archived from the original on 10 October 2007
13146:
12926:. Archived from the original on 19 January 2008
12838:International Criminal Court, 17 October 2006.
12401:"Crime of Aggression β Amendments Ratification"
11391:
11389:
11387:
11385:
11383:
11381:
11379:
11377:
11375:
11373:
11371:
11369:
11367:
11365:
11363:
11361:
11359:
11357:
11355:
11353:
11351:
11349:
11347:
11345:
11343:
11341:
11339:
11337:
11335:
11333:
11331:
11329:
11327:
11325:
11323:
11321:
11319:
11317:
11315:
11313:
11311:
11309:
11307:
11305:
11303:
11301:
11299:
11297:
11295:
10969:Schindler, Dietrich; Toman, JirΓ, eds. (2004).
10368:
10037:"ICC finds Congo warlord Thomas Lubanga guilty"
8977:
5007:
4786:Trial has begun but has not yet been completed.
2785:, the Central African Republic, CΓ΄te d'Ivoire,
1982:Cooperation by states not party to Rome Statute
1911:The Rome Statute provides that all persons are
1705:United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3314
1186:, who took office on 11 March 2024, succeeding
790:. Lubanga was sentenced to 14 years in prison.
20222:Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO)
20135:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
19371:
17217:"UN rejects trial deferral for Kenyan leaders"
16842:"African Union accuses ICC prosecutor of bias"
16431:
16429:
16105:ICC case information sheet on the Gaddafi case
16069:ICC case information sheet on the Gicheru case
16021:ICC case information sheet on the Hussein case
16002:
15741:ICC case information sheet on the Katanga case
15691:ICC case information sheet on the Lubanga case
14965:Palestine and the International Criminal Court
14826:"OTP statement in relation to events in Kenya"
13747:. International Criminal Court. Archived from
13589:
13339:. International Criminal Court. Archived from
12699:International Criminal Court (1 August 2005).
12676:. International Criminal Court. Archived from
12224:. International Criminal Court. Archived from
12188:. International Criminal Court. Archived from
11653:
11293:
11291:
11289:
11287:
11285:
11283:
11281:
11279:
11277:
11275:
10968:
9328:
8765:National Security Advisor of the United States
8512:later that year, which ended the long rule of
8241:later that year, which ended the long rule of
8127:Coalition for the International Criminal Court
7184:; reparations regime established; ICC-related
6550:with confirmed charges withdrawn before trial
5291:; reparations regime established; ICC-related
5120:; reparations regime established; ICC-related
1768:accepting bribes as an official of the Court.
1763:Offences against the administration of justice
1540:Deportation or forcible transfer of population
1475:offences against the administration of justice
1448:Crimes for which individuals can be prosecuted
1259:when a situation is referred by a state party;
1219:Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court
1155:Presidency of the International Criminal Court
723:Coalition for the International Criminal Court
653:Toward a Feasible International Criminal Court
20165:
19987:
19639:
19357:
18837:
17298:
17001:
16956:
16379:. ICC press release. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
16367:. ICC press release. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
16251:. ICC press release. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
16117:ICC case information sheet on the Khaled case
16095:. ICC information page. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
16059:. ICC information page. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
15869:ICC case information sheet on the Ongwen case
15517:
14113:
13559:International Criminal Court (January 2007).
13490:
13171:
12723:"Africa and the International Criminal Court"
11596:
11594:
11566:
11564:
11562:
11560:
11441:
11439:
10462:. International Criminal Court. 17 March 2023
10397:
9595:
9593:
8959:
8840:In 2024, the Biden administration opposed an
2040:Amnesty and national reconciliation processes
2016:
1819:
1166:was President of the Court from 2009 to 2015.
515:
350:
122:
107:
92:
18339:
17329:
16728:"Burundi Quits International Criminal Court"
16391:. ICC press release. Retrieved 25 June 2024.
16341:Situation in the Republic of the Philippines
16225:ICC case information sheet on the Mokom case
16009:ICC case information sheet on the Banda case
15912:ICC case information sheet on the Bemba case
15881:ICC case information page on the Ongwen case
14962:
13766:
12162:
12160:
12066:
11967:
11139:Jianping, Lu; Zhixiang, Wang (6 July 2005).
10749:
10747:
10745:
10593:. International Criminal Court. 5 March 2024
9977:
9103:
8656:in June 2015, invited Vladimir Putin to the
4863:Between trial judgment and appeals judgment
4058:Kilolo, Babala, Mangenda, Arido, Bemba (OAJ)
2399:Top 10 contributions as of 31 December 2020
2036:arrangement or an agreement with the Court.
1019:war crimes committed in the Israel-Hamas war
77:
62:
20179:
19894:UN Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT)
18713:Business & Human Rights Resource Centre
18637:Business & Human Rights Resource Centre
18511:. 10 April 2017. pp. 132β133, 150β151.
18276:"War Crimes Prosecution Watch, Vol.Issue 2"
17804:"US Threatens International Criminal Court"
17030:
16686:
16426:
16237:ICC case information sheet on the Said case
15963:. ICC press release. Released 11 June 2020.
15857:ICC case information sheet on the Kony case
15777:ICC case information sheet on the Chui case
14184:Berg, Stephanie van den (31 October 2023).
13703:Assembly of States Parties, Seventh Session
13093:
13091:
12832:
12756:. Archived from the original on 2 July 2007
12290:Lee, Roy S.; Lee, Roy Stuart, eds. (2001).
12180:
12178:
11532:
11530:
11528:
11272:
10717:
10715:
9392:
9333:. Cambridge Medford (Mass.): Polity press.
8391:The prosecution of Kenyan Deputy President
8215:
4176:Kosgey, Ali, Muthaura, Kenyatta, Ruto, Sang
2748:International Criminal Court investigations
2742:Investigations and preliminary examinations
1784:
1674:Sentencing or execution without due process
1212:
163:Parties and signatories of the Rome Statute
20172:
20158:
20130:Community of Portuguese Language Countries
19994:
19980:
19761:African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights
19646:
19632:
19542:International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
19364:
19350:
18991:Twenty-third Amendment of the Constitution
18979:Crimes Against Humanity and War Crimes Act
18889:Agreements on the Enforcement of Sentences
18844:
18830:
18808:United Nations website on the Rome Statute
18687:
18580:
17676:"American Service-Members' Protection Act"
16966:. France 24. 15 March 2012. Archived from
16591:
16589:
16587:
16585:
16583:
16581:
16579:
16577:
16575:
16573:
14457:Situation in the Republic of CΓ΄te d'Ivoire
14314:"Policy Paper on Preliminary Examinations"
13329:
13203:
12641:
11854:"Policy Paper on Preliminary Examinations"
11591:
11557:
11519:"New ICC Presidency elected for 2024-2027"
11492:
11436:
11416:Amnesty International (11 November 2007).
11189:
10874:
9590:
9429:
9427:
8751:, crime against humanity committed by the
8743:such as alleged rapes and tortures by the
8254:African accusations of Western imperialism
3815:
1516:
1200:Judges of the International Criminal Court
994:over their role in war crimes in Ukraine.
696:International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
20662:United Nations General Assembly observers
20237:North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
19829:UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
19781:Inter-American Commission on Human Rights
19562:Special Panels of the Dili District Court
18546:
18162:Clare Foran; Haley Talbot (4 June 2024).
17775:"America the Unaccountable | David Luban"
17330:Quist-Arcton, Ofeibea (26 October 2016).
17031:Brett, Peter; Gissel, Line Engbo (2020).
16866:
16598:Building the International Criminal Court
15850:
13499:
13121:
12424:
12294:. Ardsley, NY: Transnational Publishers.
12157:
11794:"Policy Paper on the Interest of Justice"
11660:. No. July/August 2001. p. 95.
11647:
11199:Journal of International Criminal Justice
11145:Journal of International Criminal Justice
10977:(Fourth Revised and Completed ed.).
10742:
10279:
9875:
9843:
9773:
9663:Building the international criminal court
9632:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
9329:Archibugi, Daniele; Pease, Alice (2018).
9190:
8348:Learn how and when to remove this message
1936:views and observations before the Court.
1633:Destruction and appropriation of property
1063:As of February 2024, 124 states are
609:prosecuted Japanese leaders. In 1948 the
20652:Courts and tribunals established in 2002
18973:American Service-Members' Protection Act
18759:
18757:
18304:
18280:Publicinternationallawandpolicygroup.org
18227:
18183:"U.S.: 'Hague Invasion Act' Becomes Law"
17721:
17247:"Kenya vows to have ICC statute amended"
17007:
16649:
16609:
16607:
15924:ICC case information sheet on the Bemba
15734:
14074:
13877:
13088:
13017:International Committee of the Red Cross
12968:Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
12175:
11824:"Policy Paper on Victims' Participation"
11525:
10959:, Article 18. Accessed 23 November 2006.
10712:
10213:"The States Parties to the Rome Statute"
10183:"About the International Criminal Court"
9302:Schabas, William A. (17 February 2011).
9072:(database on International Criminal Law)
9055:American Service-Members' Protection Act
8892:American Service-Members' Protection Act
8713:American Service-Members' Protection Act
8686:
8592:
8359:
8076:
4860:Between beginning of trial and judgment
4813:Indicted but case was held inadmissible.
3805:
2751:
2613:
2319:
2298:
2068:International Committee of the Red Cross
2008:, which reflects the absolute nature of
1988:Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
1906:
1801:
1699:constitutes a manifest violation of the
1222:
1158:
872:
533:
194: Not a state party, not a signatory
20242:Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
19864:Commission on the Status of Women (CSW)
19854:Joint UN Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)
19839:International Labour Organization (ILO)
18443:
18258:
17917:
17889:
17747:
17615:
17299:Onyanga-Omara, Jane (26 October 2016).
17271:
17073:
16570:
16057:The Prosecutor v. Walter Osapiri Barasa
15894:Rome Statute of the International Court
15728:Rome Statute of the International Court
13948:
13516:– via publicinternationallaw.org.
12997:
12995:
12993:
12858:
12828:from the original on 27 September 2015.
12716:
12714:
12615:Amnesty International (1 August 2000).
12593:
12581:
12569:
12557:
12545:
12508:
12449:
11601:US Department of State (30 July 2003).
10693:
10681:
10261:
10156:
9939:
9519:
9462:
9458:
9456:
9424:
9353:
9301:
8821:On 4 January 2021, U.S. District Judge
2199:52,000 m (560,000 sq ft)
1930:
1845:
1682:
1344:
1300:On 12 February 2021, British barrister
20647:2002 establishments in the Netherlands
20634:
19879:UN Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM)
18884:Agreement on Privileges and Immunities
18803:The States Parties to the Rome Statute
18400:
18398:
18273:
18240:from the original on 10 September 2018
18024:
17962:
17824:
17616:Chiappa, Claudia (25 September 2023).
17533:
17531:
17483:
17104:
17086:from the original on 28 September 2015
16789:
16756:
16595:
14080:
13149:"When Victims Want Peace, Not Justice"
12971:. United Nations. 1969. Archived from
12721:Hanson, Stephanie (17 November 2006).
12720:
12339:from the original on 23 September 2014
12289:
12266:"Peter Lewis elected as ICC Registrar"
12018:from the original on 23 September 2016
11982:from the original on 20 September 2016
11260:from the original on 17 September 2015
11051:from the original on 27 September 2021
11001:
9907:
9796:
9660:
9220:
9218:
9173:Dancy, Geoffrey Thomas (14 May 2021).
8956:position and actions in the conflict.
8472:African Union (AU) withdrawal proposal
1285:Lead prosecutor Luis Moreno Ocampo of
1190:. Her first term will expire in 2027.
967:U.N. Security Council Permanent Member
601:, prosecuted German leaders while the
20153:
19975:
19824:Organisation of American States (OAS)
19627:
19345:
18985:International Criminal Court Act 2001
18825:
18754:
18656:
17963:Haidar, Suhasini (5 September 2020).
17722:Marquand, Robert (13 February 2009).
17537:
17280:from the original on 23 November 2013
17227:from the original on 22 November 2013
17197:from the original on 16 November 2013
17012:. McGill Journal of Political Studies
16989:from the original on 20 December 2016
16905:
16725:
16692:
16604:
16322:from the original on 14 February 2022
14243:from the original on 28 December 2021
13927:
13470:
13026:from the original on 22 November 2008
13012:International Review of the Red Cross
12911:from the original on 7 December 2013.
12840:Report on the activities of the Court
11622:
11454:from the original on 12 December 2007
11120:from the original on 20 December 2016
10329:
10302:
10131:
9803:American Society of International Law
9744:
9742:
9716:
9714:
9526:American Journal of International Law
9253:American Journal of International Law
9172:
8902:, in his first major address as U.S.
4832:Pre-Trial Chamber currently in charge
2618:The ICC issued an arrest warrant for
2228:The official seat of the Court is in
1913:presumed innocent until proven guilty
1237:Estonia's Minister of Foreign Affairs
1025:Establishing the court's jurisdiction
972:Russia's Ministry of Internal Affairs
665:Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago
176: Signatory that has not ratified
19786:Inter-American Court of Human Rights
19710:Committee on the Rights of the Child
18228:McKelvey, Tara (10 September 2018).
18181:Human Rights Watch (3 August 2002).
17692:
17422:"SA formally revokes ICC withdrawal"
17342:from the original on 27 October 2016
17311:from the original on 9 November 2016
17171:from the original on 27 October 2013
17145:from the original on 12 October 2013
17119:from the original on 18 October 2013
16985:. D+C, Development and Cooperation.
16980:
16870:The European Union's Africa Policies
16738:from the original on 9 November 2017
16707:from the original on 27 October 2016
16273:Situation in the Republic of Burundi
15838:from the original on 3 November 2019
15434:"Investigation: Republic of Burundi"
14757:"OTP letter to senders re Venezuela"
14732:"Situation in Iraq/UK: Final Report"
14183:
13909:from the original on 4 November 2021
13500:Thomasson, Emma (28 February 2006).
13420:from the original on 23 January 2015
12990:
12711:
12475:
12246:from the original on 1 November 2013
12145:from the original on 12 October 2016
12113:from the original on 12 October 2016
12081:from the original on 12 October 2016
12048:from the original on 12 October 2016
11924:from the original on 11 October 2016
11894:from the original on 11 October 2016
11864:from the original on 11 October 2016
11834:from the original on 11 October 2016
11804:from the original on 11 October 2016
11774:from the original on 11 October 2016
11743:from the original on 11 October 2016
11480:from the original on 18 January 2012
10938:from the original on 3 November 2018
10900:from the original on 29 October 2016
10303:Sunga, Lyal S. (17 September 1997).
10047:from the original on 15 October 2014
9453:
8968:
8613:In March 2023, Kremlin spokesperson
8286:adding citations to reliable sources
8257:
3311:Investigation pending authorization
2889:
2634:The Court's Pre-Trial Chambers have
2622:of Sudan over alleged war crimes in
2025:
1873:Trials are conducted under a hybrid
1732:Use of any weapons against territory
1636:Compelling service in hostile forces
1340:15 November 2016: Policy on Children
1262:when a situation is referred by the
1193:
946:On 17 March 2023, ICC judges issued
499:that hears disputes between states.
19692:Truth and reconciliation commission
19331:World Day for International Justice
18587:Leiden Journal of International Law
18547:Concannon, Brian (1 October 2000).
18486:from the original on 12 August 2017
18395:
17806:. Human Rights Watch. 15 March 2019
17748:Landler, Mark (10 September 2018).
17528:
17432:from the original on 12 August 2017
17272:Kaberia, Judie (20 November 2013).
17008:McDonald, Erin (15 November 2019).
15594:"Investigation: Bangladesh/Myanmar"
14119:
13552:
13147:Alasdair Palmer (14 January 2007).
13001:
12813:
12642:Glassborow, Katy (21 August 2006).
12490:from the original on 12 August 2017
10611:
10262:Hesenov, Rahim (1 September 2013).
10136:. Oxford: Oxford university press.
9835:from the original on 30 June 2018.
9215:
9179:Leiden Journal of International Law
8922:before the ICC over allegations of
8597:To avoid arrest, Russian president
8136:International Commission of Jurists
8056:According to Article 61 (8) of the
3723:Democratic Republic of the Congo II
2843:Investigation pending authorization
2335:
2316:Provisional headquarters, 2002β2015
1178:As of March 2024, the President is
1127:The Assembly elects the judges and
1065:parties to the Statute of the Court
1009:, leader of the Al Qassem Brigades
678:While work began on the draft, the
593:leaders accused of war crimes. The
78:
13:
20667:International courts and tribunals
20315:International relations since 1989
20305:Diplomatic history of World War II
20227:International Criminal Court (ICC)
20047:Bank for International Settlements
18853:International Criminal Court (ICC)
18706:
18425:from the original on 28 March 2016
18049:. Voice of America. 4 January 2021
17944:. Human Rights Watch. 11 June 2020
17918:Hansler, Jennifer (11 June 2020).
17253:from the original on 20 April 2016
16981:Seda, Darleen (19 November 2016).
16918:from the original on 27 April 2018
16887:from the original on 29 April 2016
16757:Onishi, Norimitsu (8 March 2017).
16203:. ICC press release. 21 June 2024.
14939:"Update on Situation in Palestine"
14710:"Preliminary examination: Iraq/UK"
13394:from the original on 16 March 2016
12879:from the original on 29 April 2016
12376:"United Nations Treaty Collection"
11141:"China's Attitude Towards the ICC"
10081:"United Nations Treaty Collection"
9797:Scharf, Michael P. (August 1998).
9739:
9711:
9625:
9435:"The International Criminal Court"
8879:
8755:, and war crimes committed by the
8510:The Gambia's presidential election
8152:Parliamentarians for Global Action
8144:Lawyers Committee for Human Rights
5857:partially re-sentenced upon appeal
5431:with charges dismissed, released
5012:
3745:Preliminary examination (phase 1)
3712:Preliminary examination closed on
3686:Preliminary examination (phase 2)
3572:Preliminary examination closed on
3426:Preliminary examination closed on
3337:Preliminary examination closed on
3284:Preliminary examination closed on
3257:Preliminary examination closed on
3230:Preliminary examination closed on
3119:Preliminary examination closed on
3092:Preliminary examination closed on
3005:Preliminary examination closed on
2898:Democratic Republic of the Congo I
1855:Individual criminal responsibility
1828:
1811:Temporal jurisdiction requirements
686:tribunals in the early 1990s: The
14:
20678:
20611:International political sociology
18787:
18581:Kyriakakis, Joanna (March 2017).
18202:"Who are America's real enemies?"
18025:Borger, Julian (1 October 2020).
17825:Corder, Mike (20 November 2017).
17772:
17402:from the original on 15 July 2017
17372:from the original on 19 July 2017
17105:Fortin, Jacey (12 October 2013).
17074:Cluskey, Peter (4 October 2013).
16822:from the original on 3 March 2016
16438:"UN Secretary-General visits ICC"
14989:"Preliminary examination: Guinea"
14272:from the original on 1 March 2022
14101:from the original on 10 July 2020
13823:from the original on 9 June 2013.
13793:from the original on 24 June 2017
13452:from the original on 6 March 2016
13097:Anthony Dworkin (December 2003).
12789:Ilaria Bottigliero (April 2003).
11761:
11012:United States Department of State
10862:from the original on 23 July 2021
9780:Cornell International Law Journal
9607:from the original on 7 March 2007
9463:Dempsey, Gary T. (16 July 1998).
9356:"International Law and Terrorism"
8886:United States Department of State
8220:
8072:
5299:authorities due to other charges
1642:Unlawful deportation and transfer
1630:Willfully causing great suffering
1588:Enforced disappearance of persons
1115:president and two vice-presidents
659:Formal proposal and establishment
20657:Organisations based in The Hague
19197:Democratic Republic of the Congo
19012:
18726:
18700:
18681:
18650:
18574:
18540:
18515:
18498:
18472:
18437:
18380:
18333:
18298:
18274:Scharf, Michael (4 April 2016).
18267:
18259:Hussain, Murtaza (20 May 2024).
18252:
18221:
18193:
18174:
18155:
18137:
18119:
18099:
18079:
18061:
18039:
18018:
17990:
17956:
17934:
17911:
17883:
17858:
17818:
17796:
17766:
17741:
17715:
17693:Roth, Ken, ed. (6 August 2002).
17686:
17668:
17654:
17628:
17609:
17591:
17577:
17559:
17538:Patil, Anushka (17 March 2023).
17503:
17462:from the original on 4 July 2017
17444:
17414:
17384:
17354:
17323:
17292:
17265:
17239:
17209:
17183:
17157:
17131:
17098:
17067:
17049:
17024:
16983:"Dissatisfaction with the court"
16974:
16930:
16906:Allen, Karen (24 October 2016).
16899:
16860:
16834:
16808:
16783:
16750:
16719:
16693:Sieff, Kevin (26 October 2016).
16643:
16531:
16499:
16467:
16394:
16382:
16370:
16358:
16346:
16334:
16290:
16278:
16266:
16254:
16242:
16230:
16218:
16206:
16194:
16182:
16170:
16158:
16146:
16134:
16122:
16110:
16086:
16074:
16062:
16050:
16038:
16014:
15990:
15978:
15966:
15954:
15942:
15933:
15917:
15905:
15886:
15874:
15862:
15806:
15794:
15782:
15770:
15758:
15746:
15720:
15708:
15696:
15684:
15662:
15633:
15608:
15586:
15564:
15542:
15495:
15473:
15448:
15426:
15404:
15382:
15360:
15338:
15316:
15294:
15265:
15218:
15196:
15174:
15149:
15127:
15101:
15079:
15025:
15003:
14981:
14956:
14931:
14909:
14887:
14865:
14843:
14818:
14796:
14774:
14749:
14724:
14680:
14658:
14611:
14589:
14567:
14520:
14498:
14476:
14447:
14425:
14403:
14381:
14356:
14339:"Policy on Situation Completion"
14331:
14306:
14284:
14237:"Situations under investigation"
14229:
14203:
14177:
14152:
14140:from the original on 8 July 2020
14049:
14031:
14006:
13987:
13967:
13942:
13921:
13895:
13863:
13849:
13827:
13813:"The world's enduring dictators"
13805:
13629:
13520:
13464:
13445:. International Criminal Court.
13432:
13406:
13380:
13355:
13311:"The Hague β International Zone"
13303:
13277:
13257:
13228:
13196:
13165:
13140:
13115:
13072:
13053:
13038:
12952:
12915:
12891:
12852:
12807:
12782:
12745:
12692:
12666:
12635:
12608:
12599:
12514:
12469:
12443:
12418:
12368:
12351:
12283:
12258:
12242:. International Criminal Court.
12232:
12214:
12196:
12125:
12093:
11190:Ramanathan, Usha (6 July 2005).
11019:from the original on 31 May 2002
10856:United Nations Treaty Collection
10819:United Nations Treaty Collection
9497:. 9 January 2008. Archived from
9224:
8682:
8262:
8067:
8030:
8021:
8012:
8003:
5025:Democratic Republic of the Congo
5002:
4835:
4826:
4816:
4807:
4798:
4789:
4780:
4771:
4762:
4753:
3923:Democratic Republic of the Congo
3859:Procedures finished, due to ...
3795:
3786:
3777:
3768:
3758:
3728:Democratic Republic of the Congo
3352:United Nations Security Council
3048:United Nations Security Council
2904:Democratic Republic of the Congo
2791:Democratic Republic of the Congo
2609:
2365:
2091:
1758:to carry out acts of armed force
1052:
941:Democratic Republic of the Congo
786:guilty of war crimes related to
698:, created in 1994 following the
156:
142:
20606:International political economy
19884:UN Development Programme (UNDP)
19844:World Health Organization (WHO)
18200:John Sutherland (8 July 2002).
16726:Moore, Jina (27 October 2017).
14081:Simons, Marlise (6 July 2020).
13949:Brouwer, Anne-Marie de (2005).
13440:"Permanent Premises of the ICC"
13172:Alena Skodova (12 April 2002).
12654:from the original on 9 May 2007
12060:
12030:
11994:
11961:
11936:
11906:
11876:
11846:
11816:
11786:
11762:S, Barrie (29 September 2016).
11755:
11725:
11699:
11680:
11616:
11466:
11409:
11240:
11183:
11132:
11094:
11063:
11031:
10995:
10962:
10950:
10912:
10687:
10656:
10638:
10624:
10605:
10583:
10557:
10531:
10505:
10323:
10309:. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
10296:
10255:
10230:
10205:
10175:
10150:
10125:
10095:
10073:
10059:
10029:
10003:
9958:
9933:
9821:
9790:
9767:
9679:
9654:
9619:
9560:
9513:
9495:"Benjamin B Ferencz, Biography"
9487:
9386:
8946:
8757:Afghan National Security Forces
8647:South African Foreign Minister
8273:needs additional citations for
8099:United Nations Security Council
5307:Mathieu Ngudjolo Chui
4962:Confirmation of charges hearing
4267:L. Gbagbo, BlΓ© GoudΓ©, S. Gbagbo
2853:Preliminary examination ongoing
2728:2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel
2286:
2078:
1312:
1264:United Nations Security Council
868:United Nations Security Council
812:
611:United Nations General Assembly
595:International Military Tribunal
491:. The ICC is distinct from the
335:
320:
305:
20062:International Seabed Authority
19771:European Court of Human Rights
19603:International humanitarian law
19547:Special Court for Sierra Leone
18631:Carrillo-Santarelli, NicolΓ‘s.
18346:Journal of Conflict Resolution
17890:Bowcott, Owen (5 March 2020).
17680:US Department of State Archive
16656:Gender in Transitional Justice
14057:"International Criminal Court"
13928:Sieff, Kevin (21 March 2016).
13081:Nicaragua v. the United States
12922:International Criminal Court.
12859:Moffett, Luke (27 June 2014).
12752:International Criminal Court.
12166:International Criminal Court.
11571:International Criminal Court.
11537:International Criminal Court.
10754:International Criminal Court.
10722:International Criminal Court.
10545:(in German). 25 September 2023
9944:. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press.
9940:Cassese, Antonio, ed. (2002).
9574:. 20 June 2006. Archived from
9347:
9322:
9308:. Cambridge University Press.
9295:
9241:
9166:
9141:
9132:
9065:International Court of Justice
9008:Jurisdiction over corporations
8673:Luz del Carmen IbÑñez Carranza
8558:
8494:amendments to the Rome Statute
8297:"International Criminal Court"
8239:Gambia's presidential election
8095:International Court of Justice
5952:Jean-Jacques Mangenda Kabongo
5676:verdict and sentence confirmed
5200:Verdict and sentence confirmed
5109:verdict and sentence confirmed
5036:Thomas Lubanga Dyilo
2863:Preliminary examination closed
2819:Iraq / the United Kingdom
2266:
2010:international humanitarian law
1964:
1772:Jurisdiction and admissibility
1668:Outrages upon personal dignity
1038:Article 15 of the Rome Statute
561:Commission of Responsibilities
493:International Court of Justice
449:intergovernmental organization
21:International Court of Justice
1:
18899:Charter of the United Nations
17728:The Christian Science Monitor
17484:Davies, Harry (28 May 2024).
16600:. Cambridge University Press.
15803:. ICC. Retrieved 30 May 2012.
13272: PDF (2.23 MB)
13063:. 8 June 1977. Archived from
9774:Bassiouni, M. Cherif (1999).
9360:American Behavioral Scientist
9259:(1β2): 95β154. January 1920.
9096:
8908:detainee abuse in Afghanistan
8715:, (informally referred to as
8403:(AU) summit in October 2013.
8197:
8109:Nongovernmental organizations
6321:Abdel Raheem Muhammad Hussein
4408:Guchmazov, Mindzaev, Sanakoev
2292:different organs of the ICC.
2073:
1750:Sending armed bands, groups,
1701:Charter of the United Nations
1601:
1148:
1013:, and Hamas political leader
866:referred to the Court by the
542:
365:
45:(in other official languages)
25:International Cricket Council
20642:International Criminal Court
20574:Related fields and subfields
20052:International Criminal Court
19720:International Criminal Court
19567:Special Tribunal for Lebanon
19552:International Criminal Court
18813:International Criminal Court
18527:International Criminal Court
18311:. Cornell University Press.
17112:International Business Times
16464:. Retrieved 1 February 2007.
16315:International Criminal Court
14963:Hussein Adem, Seada (2019).
14782:"Investigation: Afghanistan"
14043:International Criminal Court
13889:International Criminal Court
13784:International Criminal Court
13738:"Resolution ICC-ASP/7/Res.1"
13657:"Resolution ICC-ASP/6/Res.4"
12847: PDF (151 KB)
12727:Council on Foreign Relations
11448:"Assembly of States Parties"
11253:International Criminal Court
10787:United Nations member states
10724:"Assembly of States Parties"
9661:Schiff, Benjamin N. (2008).
9572:International Criminal Court
8978:Principle of complementarity
6850:with case held inadmissible
4337:Central African Republic II
4217:M. Gaddafi, Khaled, Werfalli
3747:
3717:
3688:
3662:
3636:
3603:
3577:
3548:
3522:
3492:
3459:
3436:Central African Republic II
3431:
3402:
3372:
3342:
3313:
3289:
3262:
3235:
3208:
3180:
3152:
3124:
3097:
3068:
3038:
3010:
2983:
2953:
2925:
2358:Suspects held by the former
2353:Haaglanden Penal Institution
2086:International Criminal Court
1863:
1465:(defined in article 8), and
1043:
837:
615:International Law Commission
437:International Criminal Court
36:International Criminal Court
19:Not to be confused with the
7:
20057:International Monetary Fund
20003:International organizations
19874:UN Children's Fund (UNICEF)
19608:International speech crimes
19389:Customary international law
18391:. Vol. 30, no. 4.
16867:Sicurelli, Daniela (2010).
16790:Gissel, Line Engbo (2020).
13477:Permanentrepresentations.nl
12799:(32): 13β15. Archived from
9967:"Judges and the Presidency"
9393:Fichtelberg, Aaron (2009).
9043:
8844:for Israeli Prime Minister
8749:Central Intelligence Agency
8732:Donald Trump administration
8664:attended in Putin's place.
4024:Central African Republic I
3015:Central African Republic I
2880:Preliminary examination on
2867:
1480:
1356:
1250:international organisations
1103:
1001:, Israeli Defense Minister
850:that serves as the court's
775:The Court issued its first
715:United Nations headquarters
497:organ of the United Nations
109:ΠΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠ΄
10:
20683:
20616:Peace and conflict studies
20232:Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)
20067:World Customs Organization
19869:UN Population Fund (UNFPA)
19429:Convention Against Torture
19373:International criminal law
19321:European Union and the ICC
17587:. NBC News. 25 March 2023.
16355:. Retrieved 14 April 2024.
16239:. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
16227:. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
16215:. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
15871:. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
15859:. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
14266:"Preliminary examinations"
13337:"ICC β Permanent Premises"
13241:Cambridge University Press
11733:"Office of the Prosecutor"
11573:"Office of the Prosecutor"
10612:Lau, Chris (20 May 2024).
9754:www.coalitionfortheicc.org
8960:Unintentional consequences
8698:
8586:
8518:High Court of South Africa
8475:
8247:High Court of South Africa
8198:Assembly of States Parties
8116:international human rights
7767:
7746:
7732:
7712:
7692:
7674:
7243:14 July 2020 β 25 May 2023
4710:
4138:
4080:Haroun, al-Bashir, Hussein
4068:
3972:
3962:Katanga, Lubanga, Ntaganda
3921:
3641:Bangladesh / Myanmar
3074:Iraq / United Kingdom
2745:
2393:
2339:
2058:peaceful transfer of power
2030:Assembly of States Parties
1837:
1820:Admissibility requirements
1493:Killing members of a group
1216:
1197:
1152:
1056:
935:and former Vice President
567:under the auspices of the
529:
408:β’ Entered into force
64:Cour pΓ©nale internationale
18:
20573:
20525:
20323:
20280:
20255:
20209:
20200:
20187:
20110:
20072:Inter-Parliamentary Union
20036:
20017:
19941:
19902:
19794:
19748:
19730:UN Human Rights Committee
19700:
19687:Human rights institutions
19669:
19598:Joint criminal enterprise
19580:
19511:
19442:
19379:
19326:United States and the ICC
19298:
19273:
19255:
19182:
19175:
19085:
19059:
19052:
19021:
19010:
18965:
18930:
18914:
18907:
18866:
18859:
18599:10.1017/S0922156516000650
18458:10.1007/s10609-007-9054-5
18305:Krcmaric, Daniel (2020).
16635:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
16596:Schiff, Benjamin (2008).
16562:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
16191:. Retrieved 30 June 2024.
16155:. Retrieved 21 July 2022.
16143:. Retrieved 21 July 2022.
16131:. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
16107:. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
16071:. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
16047:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
16035:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
16023:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
16011:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
15999:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
15987:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
15975:. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
15951:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
15930:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
15914:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
15815:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
15791:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
15779:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
15743:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
15717:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
15693:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
14120:Kuo, Lily (7 July 2020).
13504:. Reuters. Archived from
13274:. Retrieved 1 June 2008.)
13122:Tim Cocks (30 May 2007).
13104:16 September 2007 at the
12849:. Retrieved 18 June 2007.
12644:"Defending the Defenders"
12425:Broomhall, Bruce (2004).
12172:. Retrieved 21 July 2007.
10348:10.1163/15718179820518629
10281:10.1007/s10610-012-9189-8
10157:Schabas, William (2003).
10132:Roach, Steven C. (2009).
9411:10.1080/07311290902831268
9192:10.1017/S0922156521000194
9038:environmental degradation
9030:environmental degradation
8904:National Security Advisor
8582:
8528:
8496:to address the concerns.
8132:World Federalist Movement
7960:
7932:
7893:
7865:
7826:
7798:
7776:
7772:
7751:
7737:
7717:
7697:
7679:
7607:
7579:
7563:
7559:
7452:
7377:Patrice-Edouard NgaΓ―ssona
7371:
7368:
7359:
7340:
7301:
7297:
7260:
7253:sentence to be delivered
7190:
7107:
7103:
7011:
7005:
6998:
6977:
6926:
6922:
6914:
6893:
6884:
6876:
6859:
6844:
6793:
6782:
6765:
6749:
6662:
6653:
6612:
6573:
6552:
6546:
6544:
6528:
6523:
6504:
6495:with charges dismissed
6489:
6433:
6427:
6408:
6396:
6391:
6372:
6356:
6311:
6309:
6290:
6281:
6278:
6274:
6262:
6257:
6232:
6215:
6125:
6071:
6068:
6043:
6027:
6015:
5977:
5939:
5916:
5905:
5886:
5876:
5863:
5834:
5823:
5795:
5698:
5693:
5689:
5593:
5566:
5539:
5518:
5490:
5474:
5439:Sylvestre Mudacumura
5425:
5250:
5023:
4991:
4986:
4977:
4968:
4959:
4949:
4944:
4934:
4929:
4740:
3866:
3861:
3858:
3855:
3852:
3849:
3751:
3439:Central African Republic
3018:Central African Republic
2732:Reporters Without Borders
2588:
2577:
2561:
2545:
2529:
2513:
2497:
2481:
2465:
2449:
2433:
2417:
2412:
2409:
2406:
2403:
2218:
2208:
2203:
2195:
2190:
2182:
2174:
2135:
2124:
2116:
2108:
2103:
2099:
2090:
2085:
1140:
420:
416:
406:
390:
386:
381:
377:
362:
347:
332:
317:
302:
298:
293:
283:
235:
212:
201:
155:
139:
124:Corte Penal Internacional
115:
108:
100:
93:
85:
70:
55:
34:
20102:World Trade Organization
19942:ICRC β organization with
19766:African Court of Justice
19518:(in order of foundation)
18358:10.1177/0022002714567946
17870:scholarship.law.duke.edu
16179:. Retrieved 21 May 2024.
16167:. Retrieved 23 May 2024.
16119:. Retrieved 23 May 2024.
15705:. Retrieved 9 July 2022.
15574:. ICC. 18 September 2018
15505:. ICC. 15 September 2021
15461:. ICC. 21 September 2018
15304:. ICC. 24 September 2014
15013:. ICC. 29 September 2022
14294:. ICC. 29 September 2016
13414:"ICC Permanent Premises"
13285:"ICC Permanent Premises"
12924:"Trust Fund for Victims"
10756:"Structure of the Court"
9786:(3 Symposium 1999): 444.
9372:10.1177/0002764204272576
8482:South African President
8216:Criticism and opposition
8156:No Peace Without Justice
7770:Investigation initiated
7749:Investigation initiated
7735:Investigation initiated
7715:Investigation initiated
7695:Investigation initiated
7677:Investigation initiated
7303:Central African Republic
7196:Al Hassan Ag Abdoul Aziz
6856:Al-Tuhamy Mohamed Khaled
6618:with charges dismissed
6221:with charges dismissed
5695:Central African Republic
4356:Yekatom, NgaΓ―ssona, Said
3660:Investigation (phase 1)
3634:Investigation (phase 1)
3601:Investigation (phase 1)
3546:Investigation (phase 1)
3520:Investigation (phase 1)
3490:Investigation (phase 1)
3457:Investigation (phase 2)
3400:Investigation (phase 1)
3370:Investigation (phase 1)
3206:Investigation (phase 2)
3178:Investigation (phase 2)
3150:Investigation (phase 1)
3066:Investigation (phase 1)
3036:Investigation (phase 2)
2981:Investigation (phase 2)
2951:Investigation (phase 1)
2923:Investigation (phase 1)
1868:
1791:territorial jurisdiction
1785:Territorial jurisdiction
1461:(defined in article 7),
1457:(defined in article 6),
1213:Office of the Prosecutor
984:Russian Aerospace Forces
547:The establishment of an
514:. However, it has faced
327:Rosario Salvatore Aitala
79:Ψ§ΩΩ
ΨΩΩ
Ψ© Ψ§ΩΨ¬ΩΨ§Ψ¦ΩΨ© Ψ§ΩΨ―ΩΩΩΨ©
20591:Foreign policy analysis
20403:International community
20181:International relations
20125:Commonwealth of Nations
19735:UN Human Rights Council
19682:Human rights commission
19456:Crimes against humanity
19034:Crimes against humanity
18739:Herbert Smith Freehills
18389:International Relations
16664:10.1057/9780230348615_2
15899:its sentencing decision
15892:Article 110 (3) of the
15726:Article 110 (3) of the
15621:. ICC. 14 February 2022
15530:. ICC. 17 February 2020
15392:. ICC. 20 December 2019
15370:. ICC. 17 November 2023
15228:. ICC. 30 November 2017
15137:. ICC. 28 February 2011
15067:. ICC. 14 December 2020
14919:. ICC. 16 December 2022
14853:. ICC. 27 November 2023
14646:. ICC. 16 December 2022
13061:"Additional Protocol I"
12754:"Victims and witnesses"
12674:"Rights of the Defence"
10330:Sunga, Lyal S. (1998).
9399:Criminal Justice Ethics
9153:Encyclopædia Britannica
9060:Crimes against humanity
8937:
8671:and its vice-president
7789:Arrest warrants article
7466:Mahamat Said Abdel Kani
7458:with charges withdrawn
7171:convicted and sentenced
7101:with charges withdrawn
5870:re-sentencing confirmed
4000:Lukwiya, Odhiambo, Otti
2204:Design and construction
1517:Crimes against humanity
1459:crimes against humanity
990:, the commander of the
978:, the commander of the
923:, Libyan head of state
895:official investigations
589:tribunals to prosecute
481:crimes against humanity
19613:Universal jurisdiction
19588:Command responsibility
19481:Incitement to genocide
19419:United Nations Charter
19067:List of states parties
18342:Powell, Emilia Justyna
17368:. Human Rights Watch.
16873:. Ashgate Publishing.
15552:. ICC. 5 November 2021
15282:. ICC. 2 December 2019
15206:. ICC. 16 January 2013
15035:. ICC. 28 October 2015
14897:. ICC. 27 January 2016
14831:. ICC. 5 February 2008
14762:. ICC. 9 February 2006
14737:. ICC. 9 December 2020
14577:. ICC. 28 October 2021
14555:. ICC. 5 December 2019
14530:. ICC. 1 December 2023
14486:. ICC. 26 October 2005
14319:. ICC. 1 November 2013
13837:. BBC. 4 November 2021
12450:KΓΆchler, Hans (2003).
12186:"Osvaldo Zavala Giler"
10694:Moffett, Luke (2016).
10242:coalitionfortheicc.org
8898:On 10 September 2018,
8717:The Hague Invasion Act
8696:
8610:
8369:
8090:
7120:Ahmad al-Faqi al-Mahdi
6429:Proceedings terminated
2805:, Bangladesh/Myanmar,
2778:
2721:crimes against Uyghurs
2703:Ahmad al-Faqi al-Mahdi
2627:
2325:
2304:
2063:Lord's Resistance Army
1627:Biological experiments
1573:Enforced sterilization
1469:(defined in article 8
1244:
1167:
1111:decisions by consensus
1079:the Rome Statute. The
886:
881:and Russian president
555:in 1919 following the
553:Paris Peace Conference
549:international tribunal
539:
516:a number of criticisms
453:international tribunal
123:
63:
19913:Amnesty International
19316:Coalition for the ICC
18998:VΓΆlkerstrafgesetzbuch
18657:Graff, Julia (2004).
17762:on 11 September 2018.
17458:. South Africa: TMG.
16615:"About the Coalition"
15834:. 18 September 2019.
14875:. ICC. 20 August 2008
14599:. ICC. 7 January 2007
14464:. ICC. 3 October 2011
12803:on 28 September 2007.
12707:on 27 September 2007.
12210:on 29 September 2015.
12141:. 19 September 2016.
12044:. 15 September 2016.
10069:. BBC. 13 March 2012.
9638:10.1017/9781108771818
8852:committed during the
8823:Katherine Polk Failla
8808:Executive Order 13928
8790:, Treasury secretary
8690:
8627:war crimes in Ukraine
8596:
8567:in connection to its
8506:2003 invasion of Iraq
8363:
8164:Amnesty International
8140:Amnesty International
8080:
7783:Investigation article
7763:Investigation article
7728:Investigation article
7708:Investigation article
7570:Investigation article
7114:Investigation article
6799:Saif al-Islam Gaddafi
6756:Investigation article
6720:Philip Kipkoech Bett
6363:Investigation article
6173:Bahr Idriss Abu Garda
6034:Investigation article
5481:Investigation article
5380:Callixte Mbarushimana
5030:Investigation article
4477:Bangladesh / Myanmar
2755:
2651:Mathieu Ngudjolo Chui
2617:
2323:
2302:
2277:Schmidt Hammer Lassen
2257:The Hague World Forum
2213:Schmidt Hammer Lassen
2006:Additional Protocol I
1907:Rights of the accused
1802:Personal jurisdiction
1563:Enforced prostitution
1226:
1162:
901:Dozens of individuals
876:
856:124 ICC member states
627:, an investigator of
537:
336:Second Vice-President
20581:Comparative politics
20082:New Development Bank
19944:special status based
19514:International courts
19414:Nuremberg principles
19306:Legal Tools Database
19044:Crimes of aggression
17362:"Gambia rejoins ICC"
17223:. 16 November 2013.
16261:Situation in Georgia
15326:. ICC. 11 March 2022
14391:. ICC. 19 April 2004
13508:on 28 September 2007
13243:. pp. 613β614.
13161:on 19 February 2008.
13154:The Sunday Telegraph
13136:on 21 February 2008.
13067:on 10 December 2008.
12327:"Elements of Crimes"
11944:"Policy on Children"
11256:. 8 September 2015.
11179:on 14 December 2005.
11113:. 30 November 2016.
10103:"Kampala Amendments"
9601:"History of the ICC"
9578:on 27 September 2007
9023:La Sabana University
8462:Hailemariam Desalegn
8433:United Arab Emirates
8282:improve this article
7456:Proceedings finished
7188:(after seven years)
7099:Proceedings finished
6918:Proceedings finished
6880:Proceedings finished
6848:Proceedings finished
6786:Proceedings finished
6711:Proceedings finished
6616:Proceedings finished
6579:Mohammed Hussein Ali
6548:Proceedings finished
6493:Proceedings finished
6313:Proceedings finished
6243:(warrant of arrest)
6219:Proceedings finished
5925:Fidèle Babala Wandu
5891:AimΓ© Kilolo Musamba
5597:Proceedings finished
5570:Proceedings finished
5543:Proceedings finished
5429:Proceedings finished
5414:16-21 September 2011
5363:acquittal confirmed
5253:27 Juneβ18 July 2008
5219:Germain Katanga
2715:On 6 July 2020, two
2175:Construction started
2159:52.10556Β°N 4.31778Β°E
1931:Victim participation
1846:Interests of justice
1693:crimes of aggression
1683:Crimes of aggression
1645:Unlawful confinement
1639:Denying a fair trial
1467:crimes of aggression
1435:Osvaldo Zavala Giler
1364:Osvaldo Zavala Giler
1345:Environmental crimes
891:Thomas Lubanga Dyilo
788:using child soldiers
784:Thomas Lubanga Dyilo
637:Einsatzgruppen trial
473:international crimes
372:Osvaldo Zavala Giler
342:Reine Alapini-Gansou
321:First Vice-President
20363:Collective security
20247:United Nations (UN)
20111:Cultural IGOs
19740:UN Security Council
19461:Crime of aggression
19424:Genocide Convention
18411:The Washington Post
18327:10.7591/j.ctvrs90j0
18189:on 18 January 2015.
18112:Scottish Legal News
17515:The Philippine Star
16944:. 24 September 2013
16818:. 11 October 2012.
16700:The Washington Post
16519:on 16 February 2008
16487:on 16 February 2008
16318:. 5 February 2021.
15672:. ICC. 15 June 2023
15650:. ICC. 15 June 2023
15483:. ICC. 14 June 2021
15414:. ICC. 3 March 2021
15348:. ICC. 2 March 2022
15184:. ICC. 18 July 2012
15162:. ICC. 3 March 2011
15089:. ICC. 23 June 2014
14944:. ICC. 3 April 2012
14806:. ICC. 5 March 2020
14668:. ICC. 1 April 2005
14508:. ICC. 29 July 2004
14435:. ICC. 22 June 2011
14413:. ICC. 23 June 2004
14369:. ICC. 16 July 2003
14344:. ICC. 15 June 2021
13935:The Washington Post
13291:on 23 February 2016
13184:on 20 February 2008
13002:Zhu, Wenqi (2006).
12733:on 26 February 2008
12648:Global Policy Forum
12560:, pp. 303β304.
12525:. Leiden: Nijhoff.
12106:The Washington Post
11768:Justice in Conflict
11211:10.1093/jicj/mqi055
11192:"India and the ICC"
11157:10.1093/jicj/mqi056
10893:. 28 October 2016.
10571:. 25 September 2023
10519:. 25 September 2023
9921:on 24 December 2014
9475:on 28 December 2006
9354:Galicki, Z (2016).
8794:, attorney general
8601:did not attend the
8569:escalating drug war
8499:On 7 October 2016,
8089:to the ICC in 2005.
8087:situation in Darfur
8083:UN Security Council
7990:Not in ICC custody
7958:Not in ICC custody
7923:Not in ICC custody
7891:Not in ICC custody
7856:Not in ICC custody
7824:Not in ICC custody
7665:Not in ICC custody
7635:Not in ICC custody
7605:Not in ICC custody
7557:Not in ICC custody
7513:26 September 2022 β
7295:Not in ICC custody
6999:Acquittal confirmed
6967:19β28 February 2013
6890:Mahmoud al-Werfalli
6823:Not in ICC custody
6743:Not in ICC custody
6651:Not in ICC custody
6411:10 September 2013 β
6350:Not in ICC custody
6165:Not in ICC custody
6132:Omar al-Bashir
6069:Not in ICC custody
5672:14-18 February 2022
5605:Dominic Ongwen
5516:Not in ICC custody
5166:10-14 February 2014
5132:Bosco Ntaganda
4926:
4883:Yekatom, NgaΓ―ssona
4850:
3856:Ongoing procedures
3846:
3407:Registered vessels
2400:
2155: /
2104:General information
1954:restorative justice
1715:Military occupation
1597:Other inhumane acts
1371:
980:Long-Range Aviation
950:for Russian leader
907:, former President
877:Sudanese president
848:multilateral treaty
807:crime of aggression
680:UN Security Council
649:Robert Kurt Woetzel
625:Benjamin B. Ferencz
489:crime of aggression
19948:Geneva Conventions
19933:Human Rights First
19923:Human Rights Watch
19677:Human rights group
19466:Crime of apartheid
19404:Geneva Conventions
19029:Crimes of genocide
18894:Geneva Conventions
18771:. 19 February 2021
18663:Human Rights Brief
18446:Criminal Law Forum
18286:on 29 January 2017
17755:The New York Times
17545:The New York Times
16771:on 28 October 2017
16764:The New York Times
16732:The New York Times
15973:Abd-Al-Rahman Case
15831:Al Jazeera English
15115:. 26 February 2011
14690:. ICC. 6 June 2007
14621:. ICC. 22 May 2007
14087:The New York Times
13754:on 30 October 2011
13710:(PDF, 309 KB)
13671:(PDF, 323 KB)
13207:(4 October 2000).
13202:See, for example,
12978:on 17 October 2013
12476:Tsilonis, Victor.
11579:on 19 January 2008
10825:on 18 January 2011
10791:State of Palestine
10730:on 18 January 2008
10193:on 18 January 2022
9973:on 24 August 2012.
9895:on 2 February 2023
9699:on 19 October 2013
9626:Ba, Oumar (2020).
9441:on 5 December 2006
8850:Israeli war crimes
8846:Benjamin Netanyahu
8785:Secretary of State
8741:War in Afghanistan
8727:the Rome Statute.
8697:
8638:Vyacheslav Volodin
8611:
8370:
8364:Kenyan politician
8160:Human Rights Watch
8148:Human Rights Watch
8091:
7832:Maria Lvova-Belova
7500:12β14 October 2022
7494:28β29 January 2021
7448:22β24 August 2023
7362:16 February 2021 β
6478:1-8 September 2011
6399:1-8 September 2011
6203:19-29 October 2009
5738:12-15 January 2009
5634:21β27 January 2016
5551:Raska Lukwiya
5524:Okot Odhiambo
5070:9-28 November 2006
4955:Initial appearance
4924:
4848:
4385:Yekatom, NgaΓ―ssona
3955:Chui, Mbarushimana
3853:Publicly indicted
3844:
2779:
2628:
2398:
2326:
2305:
2002:Geneva Conventions
1738:of ports or coasts
1624:Inhumane treatment
1609:Geneva Conventions
1369:
1276:Luis Moreno-Ocampo
1245:
1233:Luis Moreno Ocampo
1168:
1005:, leader of Hamas
999:Benjamin Netanyahu
959:Maria Lvova-Belova
887:
673:illegal drug trade
663:In June 1989, the
633:United States Army
540:
237:Official languages
20629:
20628:
20601:International law
20470:Right of conquest
20435:National interest
20378:Deterrence theory
20276:
20275:
20263:League of Nations
20147:
20146:
20143:
20142:
20019:Intergovernmental
19969:
19968:
19809:Council of Europe
19621:
19620:
19447:international law
19409:Nuremberg Charter
19399:Hague Conventions
19339:
19338:
19294:
19293:
19171:
19170:
19077:Review Conference
19008:
19007:
18961:
18960:
18742:. 2 November 2016
18318:978-1-5017-5021-2
17063:. 4 October 2013.
16970:on 26 March 2013.
16848:. 30 January 2011
16801:978-0-367-59335-3
16673:978-0-230-34861-5
14974:978-94-6265-290-3
14217:. 1 November 2023
13960:978-90-5095-533-1
13786:. 25 April 2017.
13777:"The Court Today"
13250:978-0-521-80899-6
12532:978-90-04-14931-1
12462:978-3-211-00795-2
12436:978-0-19-927424-6
12301:978-1-57105-209-4
11695:on 3 August 2012.
11424:on 11 August 2014
10931:. 19 March 2018.
10789:(193) due to the
10762:on 13 August 2010
10705:978-0-415-72239-1
10445:on 17 March 2023.
10427:(17 March 2023).
10316:978-90-411-0472-4
10168:978-0-521-01149-5
10143:978-0-19-954673-2
10043:. 14 March 2012.
9991:on 6 October 2014
9951:978-0-19-829862-5
9863:on 4 October 2023
9672:978-0-521-87312-3
9647:978-1-108-48877-8
9501:on 9 January 2008
9340:978-1-5095-1261-4
9315:978-1-139-49660-5
8969:State cooperation
8918:efforts to bring
8816:Diane Marie Amann
8745:U.S. Armed Forces
8658:15th BRICS Summit
8603:15th BRICS summit
8358:
8357:
8350:
8332:
7994:
7993:
7791:
7785:
7765:
7730:
7710:
7612:Gamlet Guchmazov
7572:
7343:19 September 2019
7237:30 September 2019
7174:27 September 2016
7167:22β24 August 2016
7148:30 September 2015
7143:26 September 2015
7125:18 September 2015
7116:
7017:Charles BlΓ© GoudΓ©
6758:
6365:
6240:11 September 2014
6040:Ahmed Haroun
6036:
5860:17 September 2018
5837:29 September 2015
5773:9-16 January 2018
5700:Jean-Pierre Bemba
5578:Vincent Otti
5483:
5385:28 September 2010
5259:26 September 2008
5124:(after 14 years)
5032:
4922:
4921:
4744:
4743:
4680:
4409:
4392:
4386:
4373:
4357:
4347:
4332:
4322:
4303:
4293:
4268:
4225:
4218:
4202:
4177:
4167:
4151:
4134:
4128:
4115:
4105:
4095:
4088:
4081:
4059:
4052:
4051:Bemba (main case)
4014:
4001:
3985:
3963:
3956:
3934:
3874:Not before court
3842:
3841:
3651:18 September 2018
3620:27 September 2018
3597:15 September 2021
3574:21 September 2018
3565:29 September 2016
3560:21 September 2016
3453:24 September 2014
3259:29 September 2022
2883:Investigation on
2658:Jean-Pierre Bemba
2636:publicly indicted
2599:
2598:
2534:Republic of Korea
2313:
2312:
2226:
2225:
2191:Technical details
2164:52.10556; 4.31778
1729:against territory
1487:intent to destroy
1445:
1444:
1194:Judicial Division
1017:in connection to
937:Jean-Pierre Bemba
669:A. N. R. Robinson
569:League of Nations
508:international law
433:
432:
214:Working languages
170: State party
130:
129:
20674:
20621:Security studies
20413:Internationality
20408:Internationalism
20207:
20206:
20174:
20167:
20160:
20151:
20150:
20118:
20097:World Bank Group
20034:
20033:
20030:
20012:
19996:
19989:
19982:
19973:
19972:
19648:
19641:
19634:
19625:
19624:
19581:Related concepts
19519:
19476:Genocidal intent
19366:
19359:
19352:
19343:
19342:
19180:
19179:
19057:
19056:
19016:
18987:(United Kingdom)
18931:Security Council
18915:General Assembly
18912:
18911:
18864:
18863:
18846:
18839:
18832:
18823:
18822:
18799:
18798:
18796:Official website
18781:
18780:
18778:
18776:
18761:
18752:
18751:
18749:
18747:
18730:
18724:
18723:
18721:
18719:
18704:
18698:
18697:
18685:
18679:
18678:
18676:
18674:
18654:
18648:
18647:
18645:
18643:
18628:
18619:
18618:
18578:
18572:
18571:
18569:
18567:
18544:
18538:
18537:
18535:
18533:
18519:
18513:
18512:
18510:
18502:
18496:
18495:
18493:
18491:
18476:
18470:
18469:
18441:
18435:
18434:
18432:
18430:
18402:
18393:
18392:
18384:
18378:
18377:
18352:(7): 1191β1218.
18340:Nalepa, Monika;
18337:
18331:
18330:
18302:
18296:
18295:
18293:
18291:
18282:. Archived from
18271:
18265:
18264:
18263:. The Intercept.
18256:
18250:
18249:
18247:
18245:
18225:
18219:
18218:
18216:
18214:
18197:
18191:
18190:
18185:. Archived from
18178:
18172:
18171:
18159:
18153:
18152:
18141:
18135:
18134:
18123:
18117:
18116:
18103:
18097:
18096:
18095:. 28 April 2024.
18083:
18077:
18076:
18065:
18059:
18058:
18056:
18054:
18043:
18037:
18036:
18022:
18016:
18015:
18013:
18011:
17994:
17988:
17987:
17985:
17983:
17960:
17954:
17953:
17951:
17949:
17938:
17932:
17931:
17929:
17927:
17915:
17909:
17908:
17906:
17904:
17887:
17881:
17880:
17878:
17876:
17862:
17856:
17855:
17853:
17851:
17837:Associated Press
17822:
17816:
17815:
17813:
17811:
17800:
17794:
17793:
17791:
17789:
17770:
17764:
17763:
17758:. Archived from
17745:
17739:
17738:
17736:
17734:
17719:
17713:
17712:
17707:
17705:
17690:
17684:
17683:
17672:
17666:
17665:
17658:
17652:
17651:
17649:
17647:
17642:. 30 August 2024
17632:
17626:
17625:
17613:
17607:
17606:
17595:
17589:
17588:
17581:
17575:
17574:
17573:. 28 March 2023.
17563:
17557:
17556:
17554:
17552:
17535:
17526:
17525:
17523:
17521:
17507:
17501:
17500:
17498:
17496:
17481:
17472:
17471:
17469:
17467:
17448:
17442:
17441:
17439:
17437:
17418:
17412:
17411:
17409:
17407:
17388:
17382:
17381:
17379:
17377:
17358:
17352:
17351:
17349:
17347:
17327:
17321:
17320:
17318:
17316:
17296:
17290:
17289:
17287:
17285:
17269:
17263:
17262:
17260:
17258:
17243:
17237:
17236:
17234:
17232:
17213:
17207:
17206:
17204:
17202:
17187:
17181:
17180:
17178:
17176:
17161:
17155:
17154:
17152:
17150:
17135:
17129:
17128:
17126:
17124:
17102:
17096:
17095:
17093:
17091:
17071:
17065:
17064:
17053:
17047:
17046:
17028:
17022:
17021:
17019:
17017:
17005:
16999:
16998:
16996:
16994:
16978:
16972:
16971:
16960:
16954:
16953:
16951:
16949:
16934:
16928:
16927:
16925:
16923:
16903:
16897:
16896:
16894:
16892:
16864:
16858:
16857:
16855:
16853:
16838:
16832:
16831:
16829:
16827:
16812:
16806:
16805:
16787:
16781:
16780:
16778:
16776:
16767:. Archived from
16754:
16748:
16747:
16745:
16743:
16723:
16717:
16716:
16714:
16712:
16690:
16684:
16683:
16682:
16680:
16647:
16641:
16640:
16634:
16626:
16624:
16622:
16611:
16602:
16601:
16593:
16568:
16567:
16561:
16553:
16551:
16549:
16543:
16535:
16529:
16528:
16526:
16524:
16518:
16512:. Archived from
16511:
16503:
16497:
16496:
16494:
16492:
16486:
16479:
16471:
16465:
16463:
16457:
16449:
16447:
16445:
16433:
16424:
16423:
16421:
16419:
16414:on 25 April 2012
16413:
16407:. Archived from
16406:
16398:
16392:
16386:
16380:
16374:
16368:
16362:
16356:
16350:
16344:
16338:
16332:
16331:
16329:
16327:
16306:
16300:
16294:
16288:
16282:
16276:
16270:
16264:
16258:
16252:
16246:
16240:
16234:
16228:
16222:
16216:
16210:
16204:
16198:
16192:
16186:
16180:
16174:
16168:
16162:
16156:
16150:
16144:
16138:
16132:
16129:Al-Werfalli Case
16126:
16120:
16114:
16108:
16102:
16096:
16090:
16084:
16078:
16072:
16066:
16060:
16054:
16048:
16042:
16036:
16030:
16024:
16018:
16012:
16006:
16000:
15994:
15988:
15982:
15976:
15970:
15964:
15958:
15952:
15946:
15940:
15937:
15931:
15921:
15915:
15909:
15903:
15890:
15884:
15878:
15872:
15866:
15860:
15854:
15848:
15847:
15845:
15843:
15822:
15816:
15810:
15804:
15798:
15792:
15786:
15780:
15774:
15768:
15762:
15756:
15750:
15744:
15738:
15732:
15724:
15718:
15712:
15706:
15700:
15694:
15688:
15682:
15681:
15679:
15677:
15666:
15660:
15659:
15657:
15655:
15649:
15637:
15631:
15630:
15628:
15626:
15620:
15612:
15606:
15605:
15603:
15601:
15590:
15584:
15583:
15581:
15579:
15568:
15562:
15561:
15559:
15557:
15546:
15540:
15539:
15537:
15535:
15524:
15515:
15514:
15512:
15510:
15499:
15493:
15492:
15490:
15488:
15477:
15471:
15470:
15468:
15466:
15460:
15452:
15446:
15445:
15443:
15441:
15430:
15424:
15423:
15421:
15419:
15408:
15402:
15401:
15399:
15397:
15386:
15380:
15379:
15377:
15375:
15364:
15358:
15357:
15355:
15353:
15342:
15336:
15335:
15333:
15331:
15320:
15314:
15313:
15311:
15309:
15298:
15292:
15291:
15289:
15287:
15281:
15269:
15263:
15262:
15260:
15258:
15247:
15238:
15237:
15235:
15233:
15222:
15216:
15215:
15213:
15211:
15200:
15194:
15193:
15191:
15189:
15178:
15172:
15171:
15169:
15167:
15161:
15153:
15147:
15146:
15144:
15142:
15131:
15125:
15124:
15122:
15120:
15105:
15099:
15098:
15096:
15094:
15083:
15077:
15076:
15074:
15072:
15066:
15058:
15045:
15044:
15042:
15040:
15029:
15023:
15022:
15020:
15018:
15007:
15001:
15000:
14998:
14996:
14985:
14979:
14978:
14960:
14954:
14953:
14951:
14949:
14943:
14935:
14929:
14928:
14926:
14924:
14913:
14907:
14906:
14904:
14902:
14891:
14885:
14884:
14882:
14880:
14869:
14863:
14862:
14860:
14858:
14847:
14841:
14840:
14838:
14836:
14830:
14822:
14816:
14815:
14813:
14811:
14800:
14794:
14793:
14791:
14789:
14778:
14772:
14771:
14769:
14767:
14761:
14753:
14747:
14746:
14744:
14742:
14736:
14728:
14722:
14721:
14719:
14717:
14706:
14700:
14699:
14697:
14695:
14684:
14678:
14677:
14675:
14673:
14662:
14656:
14655:
14653:
14651:
14640:
14631:
14630:
14628:
14626:
14615:
14609:
14608:
14606:
14604:
14593:
14587:
14586:
14584:
14582:
14571:
14565:
14564:
14562:
14560:
14554:
14546:
14540:
14539:
14537:
14535:
14524:
14518:
14517:
14515:
14513:
14502:
14496:
14495:
14493:
14491:
14480:
14474:
14473:
14471:
14469:
14463:
14451:
14445:
14444:
14442:
14440:
14429:
14423:
14422:
14420:
14418:
14407:
14401:
14400:
14398:
14396:
14385:
14379:
14378:
14376:
14374:
14368:
14360:
14354:
14353:
14351:
14349:
14343:
14335:
14329:
14328:
14326:
14324:
14318:
14310:
14304:
14303:
14301:
14299:
14288:
14282:
14281:
14279:
14277:
14262:
14253:
14252:
14250:
14248:
14233:
14227:
14226:
14224:
14222:
14207:
14201:
14200:
14198:
14196:
14181:
14175:
14174:
14172:
14170:
14156:
14150:
14149:
14147:
14145:
14117:
14111:
14110:
14108:
14106:
14078:
14072:
14071:
14069:
14067:
14053:
14047:
14046:
14035:
14029:
14028:
14026:
14024:
14010:
14004:
14003:
14000:The Conversation
13991:
13985:
13984:
13971:
13965:
13964:
13946:
13940:
13939:
13925:
13919:
13918:
13916:
13914:
13899:
13893:
13892:
13881:
13875:
13874:
13867:
13861:
13860:
13853:
13847:
13846:
13844:
13842:
13831:
13825:
13824:
13809:
13803:
13802:
13800:
13798:
13792:
13781:
13773:
13764:
13763:
13761:
13759:
13753:
13742:
13728:
13722:
13721:
13719:
13717:
13711:
13700:
13692:
13686:
13685:
13680:
13678:
13672:
13661:
13653:
13644:
13643:
13641:
13633:
13627:
13626:
13620:
13612:
13610:
13608:
13596:
13587:
13586:
13580:
13572:
13570:
13568:
13556:
13550:
13549:
13547:
13545:
13539:
13532:
13524:
13518:
13517:
13515:
13513:
13497:
13488:
13487:
13485:
13483:
13468:
13462:
13461:
13459:
13457:
13451:
13444:
13436:
13430:
13429:
13427:
13425:
13410:
13404:
13403:
13401:
13399:
13388:"ICC β Timeline"
13384:
13378:
13377:
13375:
13373:
13359:
13353:
13352:
13350:
13348:
13343:on 2 August 2012
13333:
13327:
13326:
13324:
13322:
13313:. Archived from
13307:
13301:
13300:
13298:
13296:
13287:. Archived from
13281:
13275:
13273:
13269:Internet Archive
13261:
13255:
13254:
13232:
13226:
13224:
13222:
13220:
13211:. Archived from
13200:
13194:
13193:
13191:
13189:
13180:. Archived from
13169:
13163:
13162:
13157:. Archived from
13144:
13138:
13137:
13132:. Archived from
13119:
13113:
13095:
13086:
13076:
13070:
13068:
13057:
13051:
13049:
13042:
13036:
13035:
13033:
13031:
13025:
13008:
12999:
12988:
12987:
12985:
12983:
12977:
12964:
12956:
12950:
12949:
12943:
12935:
12933:
12931:
12919:
12913:
12912:
12910:
12903:
12895:
12889:
12888:
12886:
12884:
12856:
12850:
12848:
12844:Internet Archive
12836:
12830:
12829:
12827:
12820:
12811:
12805:
12804:
12786:
12780:
12779:
12773:
12765:
12763:
12761:
12749:
12743:
12742:
12740:
12738:
12729:. Archived from
12718:
12709:
12708:
12703:. Archived from
12696:
12690:
12689:
12687:
12685:
12680:on 22 April 2007
12670:
12664:
12663:
12661:
12659:
12639:
12633:
12632:
12630:
12628:
12619:. Archived from
12612:
12606:
12603:
12597:
12591:
12585:
12579:
12573:
12567:
12561:
12555:
12549:
12543:
12537:
12536:
12518:
12512:
12506:
12500:
12499:
12497:
12495:
12489:
12482:
12473:
12467:
12466:
12447:
12441:
12440:
12422:
12416:
12415:
12413:
12411:
12397:
12388:
12387:
12385:
12383:
12378:. United Nations
12372:
12366:
12365:
12363:
12355:
12349:
12348:
12346:
12344:
12338:
12331:
12323:
12306:
12305:
12287:
12281:
12280:
12278:
12276:
12262:
12256:
12255:
12253:
12251:
12236:
12230:
12229:
12218:
12212:
12211:
12200:
12194:
12193:
12182:
12173:
12164:
12155:
12154:
12152:
12150:
12129:
12123:
12122:
12120:
12118:
12097:
12091:
12090:
12088:
12086:
12064:
12058:
12057:
12055:
12053:
12034:
12028:
12027:
12025:
12023:
12017:
12006:
11998:
11992:
11991:
11989:
11987:
11965:
11959:
11958:
11956:
11954:
11940:
11934:
11933:
11931:
11929:
11910:
11904:
11903:
11901:
11899:
11880:
11874:
11873:
11871:
11869:
11850:
11844:
11843:
11841:
11839:
11820:
11814:
11813:
11811:
11809:
11790:
11784:
11783:
11781:
11779:
11759:
11753:
11752:
11750:
11748:
11729:
11723:
11722:
11720:
11718:
11703:
11697:
11696:
11691:. Archived from
11684:
11678:
11677:
11666:10.2307/20050228
11651:
11645:
11644:
11620:
11614:
11613:
11611:
11609:
11598:
11589:
11588:
11586:
11584:
11575:. Archived from
11568:
11555:
11554:
11552:
11550:
11541:. Archived from
11534:
11523:
11522:
11515:
11509:
11507:
11506:on 21 July 2014.
11502:. Archived from
11500:"The Presidency"
11496:
11490:
11489:
11487:
11485:
11470:
11464:
11463:
11461:
11459:
11443:
11434:
11433:
11431:
11429:
11420:. Archived from
11413:
11407:
11393:
11270:
11269:
11267:
11265:
11244:
11238:
11237:
11235:
11229:. Archived from
11196:
11187:
11181:
11180:
11175:. Archived from
11136:
11130:
11129:
11127:
11125:
11119:
11106:
11098:
11092:
11091:
11089:
11087:
11082:. 27 August 2008
11075:
11067:
11061:
11060:
11058:
11056:
11035:
11029:
11028:
11026:
11024:
10999:
10993:
10992:
10981:. p. 1383.
10966:
10960:
10954:
10948:
10947:
10945:
10943:
10937:
10924:
10916:
10910:
10909:
10907:
10905:
10899:
10886:
10878:
10872:
10871:
10869:
10867:
10848:
10835:
10834:
10832:
10830:
10821:. Archived from
10811:
10798:
10783:
10772:
10771:
10769:
10767:
10758:. Archived from
10751:
10740:
10739:
10737:
10735:
10726:. Archived from
10719:
10710:
10709:
10691:
10685:
10679:
10673:
10672:
10660:
10654:
10653:
10642:
10636:
10635:
10628:
10622:
10621:
10609:
10603:
10602:
10600:
10598:
10587:
10581:
10580:
10578:
10576:
10561:
10555:
10554:
10552:
10550:
10535:
10529:
10528:
10526:
10524:
10509:
10503:
10502:
10500:
10498:
10483:
10472:
10471:
10469:
10467:
10456:
10447:
10446:
10441:. Archived from
10425:Karim Ahmad Khan
10421:
10415:
10414:
10412:
10410:
10395:
10386:
10385:
10383:
10381:
10366:
10360:
10359:
10327:
10321:
10320:
10300:
10294:
10293:
10283:
10259:
10253:
10252:
10250:
10248:
10234:
10228:
10227:
10225:
10223:
10209:
10203:
10202:
10200:
10198:
10189:. Archived from
10179:
10173:
10172:
10154:
10148:
10147:
10129:
10123:
10122:
10120:
10118:
10109:. Archived from
10099:
10093:
10092:
10090:
10088:
10083:. United Nations
10077:
10071:
10070:
10063:
10057:
10056:
10054:
10052:
10033:
10027:
10026:
10024:
10022:
10007:
10001:
10000:
9998:
9996:
9981:
9975:
9974:
9969:. Archived from
9962:
9956:
9955:
9937:
9931:
9930:
9928:
9926:
9911:
9905:
9904:
9902:
9900:
9894:
9887:
9879:
9873:
9872:
9870:
9868:
9862:
9855:
9847:
9841:
9840:
9825:
9819:
9818:
9816:
9814:
9805:. Archived from
9794:
9788:
9787:
9771:
9765:
9764:
9762:
9760:
9746:
9737:
9736:
9734:
9732:
9718:
9709:
9708:
9706:
9704:
9698:
9692:. Archived from
9691:
9683:
9677:
9676:
9658:
9652:
9651:
9623:
9617:
9616:
9614:
9612:
9597:
9588:
9587:
9585:
9583:
9564:
9558:
9557:
9517:
9511:
9510:
9508:
9506:
9491:
9485:
9484:
9482:
9480:
9471:. Archived from
9460:
9451:
9450:
9448:
9446:
9431:
9422:
9421:
9419:
9417:
9390:
9384:
9383:
9351:
9345:
9344:
9326:
9320:
9319:
9299:
9293:
9292:
9245:
9239:
9238:
9236:
9234:
9222:
9213:
9212:
9194:
9170:
9164:
9163:
9161:
9159:
9145:
9139:
9136:
9130:
9129:
9124:
9122:
9113:. Archived from
9107:
8870:Karim Ahmad Khan
8854:IsraelβHamas war
8368:in February 2013
8353:
8346:
8342:
8339:
8333:
8331:
8290:
8266:
8258:
8061:
8054:
8041:
8034:
8028:
8025:
8019:
8016:
8010:
8007:
7966:Valery Gerasimov
7935:
7868:
7801:
7787:
7781:
7761:
7726:
7706:
7582:
7576:Mikhail Mindzaev
7568:
7534:
7514:
7508:
7501:
7495:
7491:
7472:
7450:
7443:
7439:
7420:
7419:10 December 2018
7406:
7402:
7383:
7363:
7357:
7356:11 December 2019
7351:
7345:
7338:
7337:23 November 2018
7334:
7332:17 November 2018
7315:
7314:11 November 2018
7272:
7251:
7244:
7238:
7232:
7225:
7221:
7202:
7175:
7168:
7162:
7156:
7149:
7145:
7126:
7112:
7075:
7074:29 February 2012
7063:
7062:11 December 2014
7056:
7052:
7046:
7041:
7040:22β23 March 2014
7023:
7022:21 December 2011
7003:
6996:
6987:
6981:
6975:
6968:
6962:
6957:
6956:30 November 2011
6939:
6938:23 November 2011
6900:
6896:
6862:
6829:Abdullah Senussi
6768:
6754:
6704:
6700:
6699:15 February 2022
6694:
6688:
6683:
6665:
6628:
6610:
6602:
6598:
6542:
6536:
6532:
6526:
6507:
6501:Francis Muthaura
6487:
6479:
6416:
6412:
6406:
6400:
6394:
6375:
6361:
6327:
6293:
6272:
6266:
6260:
6241:
6235:
6212:
6204:
6198:
6179:
6142:
6138:
6120:
6113:
6107:
6101:
6096:
6077:Ali Kushayb
6046:
6032:
6013:
6008:
5975:
5970:
5914:
5913:27 November 2013
5909:
5908:25 November 2013
5874:
5873:27 November 2019
5868:
5861:
5855:
5849:
5842:
5838:
5832:
5831:11 November 2014
5821:
5820:27 November 2013
5816:
5815:23 November 2013
5798:
5797:20 November 2013
5783:
5774:
5768:
5762:
5755:
5754:13 November 2014
5751:
5750:22 November 2010
5745:
5739:
5733:
5728:
5710:
5706:
5680:
5679:15 December 2022
5673:
5667:
5661:
5654:
5648:
5642:
5635:
5629:
5624:
5493:
5487:Joseph Kony
5479:
5445:
5423:
5422:16 December 2011
5415:
5409:
5404:
5386:
5366:
5365:27 February 2015
5360:
5354:
5353:18 December 2012
5346:
5342:
5341:24 November 2009
5336:
5335:11 February 2008
5331:
5313:
5298:
5281:
5276:
5270:
5266:
5265:24 November 2009
5260:
5254:
5248:
5243:
5225:
5204:
5197:
5192:
5186:
5180:
5179:2 September 2015
5174:
5167:
5142:
5138:
5113:
5106:
5100:
5095:
5090:
5084:
5077:
5071:
5065:
5060:
5042:
5041:10 February 2006
5028:
5019:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4927:
4923:
4851:
4847:
4842:
4839:
4833:
4830:
4824:
4820:
4814:
4811:
4805:
4802:
4796:
4793:
4787:
4784:
4778:
4775:
4769:
4766:
4760:
4757:
4678:
4407:
4390:
4384:
4371:
4355:
4345:
4330:
4320:
4301:
4291:
4266:
4223:
4216:
4200:
4175:
4165:
4149:
4132:
4126:
4113:
4103:
4093:
4086:
4079:
4057:
4050:
4012:
3999:
3983:
3961:
3954:
3932:
3889:Inadmissibility
3869:
3864:
3847:
3843:
3835:
3831:
3822:
3819:
3813:
3809:
3803:
3799:
3793:
3790:
3784:
3781:
3775:
3772:
3766:
3762:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3715:
3714:14 February 2022
3706:
3705:9 September 2020
3701:
3700:4 September 2020
3680:
3679:17 February 2020
3675:
3674:13 February 2020
3657:
3656:14 November 2019
3652:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3598:
3593:
3575:
3566:
3561:
3543:
3538:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3429:
3420:
3415:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3367:
3362:
3361:28 February 2011
3357:
3356:26 February 2011
3340:
3331:
3320:
3305:
3304:18 November 2010
3287:
3278:
3277:18 November 2009
3260:
3251:
3233:
3224:
3203:
3198:
3175:
3170:
3147:
3142:
3122:
3113:
3095:
3086:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3008:
2999:
2978:
2973:
2972:16 December 2003
2968:
2967:16 December 2003
2948:
2943:
2932:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2891:
2868:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2698:Charges against
2678:
2656:The judgment of
2410:Contributions β¬
2401:
2397:
2336:Detention centre
2295:
2294:
2261:Alexanderkazerne
2170:
2169:
2167:
2166:
2165:
2160:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2148:
2095:
2083:
2082:
1997:Security Council
1917:reasonable doubt
1568:Forced pregnancy
1411:Herman von Hebel
1372:
1368:
1227:ICC prosecutors
885:in November 2017
863:judicial systems
756:, the U.S., and
700:Rwandan genocide
682:established two
583:established two
577:Second World War
398:
357:Karim Ahmad Khan
193:
187:
181:
175:
169:
160:
146:
126:
111:
110:
96:
95:
81:
80:
66:
53:
52:
47:
32:
31:
20682:
20681:
20677:
20676:
20675:
20673:
20672:
20671:
20632:
20631:
20630:
20625:
20569:
20560:Postcolonialism
20521:
20450:Non-state actor
20445:Non-belligerent
20440:Neutral country
20425:Interventionism
20358:Co-belligerence
20319:
20272:
20251:
20196:
20183:
20178:
20148:
20139:
20112:
20106:
20024:
20020:
20013:
20006:
20000:
19970:
19965:
19945:
19943:
19937:
19898:
19796:
19790:
19749:Regional bodies
19744:
19702:
19696:
19665:
19652:
19622:
19617:
19593:Superior orders
19576:
19520:
19517:
19516:
19507:
19449:
19446:
19438:
19394:Peremptory norm
19375:
19370:
19340:
19335:
19290:
19269:
19251:
19167:
19081:
19048:
19017:
19004:
18975:(United States)
18957:
18926:
18903:
18855:
18850:
18794:
18793:
18790:
18785:
18784:
18774:
18772:
18763:
18762:
18755:
18745:
18743:
18732:
18731:
18727:
18717:
18715:
18707:Bernaz, Nadia.
18705:
18701:
18686:
18682:
18672:
18670:
18655:
18651:
18641:
18639:
18629:
18622:
18579:
18575:
18565:
18563:
18545:
18541:
18531:
18529:
18521:
18520:
18516:
18508:
18504:
18503:
18499:
18489:
18487:
18478:
18477:
18473:
18442:
18438:
18428:
18426:
18403:
18396:
18385:
18381:
18338:
18334:
18319:
18303:
18299:
18289:
18287:
18272:
18268:
18257:
18253:
18243:
18241:
18226:
18222:
18212:
18210:
18198:
18194:
18179:
18175:
18160:
18156:
18143:
18142:
18138:
18125:
18124:
18120:
18105:
18104:
18100:
18085:
18084:
18080:
18075:. 2 April 2021.
18067:
18066:
18062:
18052:
18050:
18045:
18044:
18040:
18023:
18019:
18009:
18007:
17996:
17995:
17991:
17981:
17979:
17961:
17957:
17947:
17945:
17940:
17939:
17935:
17925:
17923:
17916:
17912:
17902:
17900:
17888:
17884:
17874:
17872:
17864:
17863:
17859:
17849:
17847:
17823:
17819:
17809:
17807:
17802:
17801:
17797:
17787:
17785:
17771:
17767:
17746:
17742:
17732:
17730:
17720:
17716:
17703:
17701:
17691:
17687:
17682:. 30 July 2003.
17674:
17673:
17669:
17660:
17659:
17655:
17645:
17643:
17634:
17633:
17629:
17614:
17610:
17605:. 19 July 2023.
17597:
17596:
17592:
17583:
17582:
17578:
17565:
17564:
17560:
17550:
17548:
17536:
17529:
17519:
17517:
17509:
17508:
17504:
17494:
17492:
17482:
17475:
17465:
17463:
17450:
17449:
17445:
17435:
17433:
17426:Eyewitness News
17420:
17419:
17415:
17405:
17403:
17390:
17389:
17385:
17375:
17373:
17360:
17359:
17355:
17345:
17343:
17328:
17324:
17314:
17312:
17297:
17293:
17283:
17281:
17270:
17266:
17256:
17254:
17245:
17244:
17240:
17230:
17228:
17215:
17214:
17210:
17200:
17198:
17189:
17188:
17184:
17174:
17172:
17163:
17162:
17158:
17148:
17146:
17137:
17136:
17132:
17122:
17120:
17103:
17099:
17089:
17087:
17080:The Irish Times
17072:
17068:
17061:The Irish Times
17055:
17054:
17050:
17043:
17029:
17025:
17015:
17013:
17006:
17002:
16992:
16990:
16979:
16975:
16962:
16961:
16957:
16947:
16945:
16936:
16935:
16931:
16921:
16919:
16904:
16900:
16890:
16888:
16881:
16865:
16861:
16851:
16849:
16840:
16839:
16835:
16825:
16823:
16814:
16813:
16809:
16802:
16788:
16784:
16774:
16772:
16755:
16751:
16741:
16739:
16724:
16720:
16710:
16708:
16691:
16687:
16678:
16676:
16674:
16648:
16644:
16628:
16627:
16620:
16618:
16613:
16612:
16605:
16594:
16571:
16555:
16554:
16547:
16545:
16541:
16537:
16536:
16532:
16522:
16520:
16516:
16509:
16505:
16504:
16500:
16490:
16488:
16484:
16477:
16473:
16472:
16468:
16451:
16450:
16443:
16441:
16436:
16434:
16427:
16417:
16415:
16411:
16404:
16400:
16399:
16395:
16387:
16383:
16375:
16371:
16363:
16359:
16351:
16347:
16339:
16335:
16325:
16323:
16308:
16307:
16303:
16295:
16291:
16283:
16279:
16271:
16267:
16259:
16255:
16247:
16243:
16235:
16231:
16223:
16219:
16211:
16207:
16199:
16195:
16187:
16183:
16175:
16171:
16163:
16159:
16151:
16147:
16139:
16135:
16127:
16123:
16115:
16111:
16103:
16099:
16091:
16087:
16079:
16075:
16067:
16063:
16055:
16051:
16043:
16039:
16031:
16027:
16019:
16015:
16007:
16003:
15995:
15991:
15983:
15979:
15971:
15967:
15959:
15955:
15947:
15943:
15938:
15934:
15922:
15918:
15910:
15906:
15891:
15887:
15879:
15875:
15867:
15863:
15855:
15851:
15841:
15839:
15824:
15823:
15819:
15811:
15807:
15799:
15795:
15787:
15783:
15775:
15771:
15763:
15759:
15751:
15747:
15739:
15735:
15725:
15721:
15713:
15709:
15701:
15697:
15689:
15685:
15675:
15673:
15668:
15667:
15663:
15653:
15651:
15647:
15639:
15638:
15634:
15624:
15622:
15618:
15614:
15613:
15609:
15599:
15597:
15592:
15591:
15587:
15577:
15575:
15570:
15569:
15565:
15555:
15553:
15548:
15547:
15543:
15533:
15531:
15526:
15525:
15518:
15508:
15506:
15501:
15500:
15496:
15486:
15484:
15479:
15478:
15474:
15464:
15462:
15458:
15454:
15453:
15449:
15439:
15437:
15432:
15431:
15427:
15417:
15415:
15410:
15409:
15405:
15395:
15393:
15388:
15387:
15383:
15373:
15371:
15366:
15365:
15361:
15351:
15349:
15344:
15343:
15339:
15329:
15327:
15322:
15321:
15317:
15307:
15305:
15300:
15299:
15295:
15285:
15283:
15279:
15271:
15270:
15266:
15256:
15254:
15249:
15248:
15241:
15231:
15229:
15224:
15223:
15219:
15209:
15207:
15202:
15201:
15197:
15187:
15185:
15180:
15179:
15175:
15165:
15163:
15159:
15155:
15154:
15150:
15140:
15138:
15133:
15132:
15128:
15118:
15116:
15107:
15106:
15102:
15092:
15090:
15085:
15084:
15080:
15070:
15068:
15064:
15060:
15059:
15048:
15038:
15036:
15031:
15030:
15026:
15016:
15014:
15009:
15008:
15004:
14994:
14992:
14987:
14986:
14982:
14975:
14961:
14957:
14947:
14945:
14941:
14937:
14936:
14932:
14922:
14920:
14915:
14914:
14910:
14900:
14898:
14893:
14892:
14888:
14878:
14876:
14871:
14870:
14866:
14856:
14854:
14849:
14848:
14844:
14834:
14832:
14828:
14824:
14823:
14819:
14809:
14807:
14802:
14801:
14797:
14787:
14785:
14780:
14779:
14775:
14765:
14763:
14759:
14755:
14754:
14750:
14740:
14738:
14734:
14730:
14729:
14725:
14715:
14713:
14708:
14707:
14703:
14693:
14691:
14686:
14685:
14681:
14671:
14669:
14664:
14663:
14659:
14649:
14647:
14642:
14641:
14634:
14624:
14622:
14617:
14616:
14612:
14602:
14600:
14595:
14594:
14590:
14580:
14578:
14573:
14572:
14568:
14558:
14556:
14552:
14548:
14547:
14543:
14533:
14531:
14526:
14525:
14521:
14511:
14509:
14504:
14503:
14499:
14489:
14487:
14482:
14481:
14477:
14467:
14465:
14461:
14453:
14452:
14448:
14438:
14436:
14431:
14430:
14426:
14416:
14414:
14409:
14408:
14404:
14394:
14392:
14387:
14386:
14382:
14372:
14370:
14366:
14362:
14361:
14357:
14347:
14345:
14341:
14337:
14336:
14332:
14322:
14320:
14316:
14312:
14311:
14307:
14297:
14295:
14290:
14289:
14285:
14275:
14273:
14264:
14263:
14256:
14246:
14244:
14235:
14234:
14230:
14220:
14218:
14209:
14208:
14204:
14194:
14192:
14182:
14178:
14168:
14166:
14158:
14157:
14153:
14143:
14141:
14118:
14114:
14104:
14102:
14079:
14075:
14065:
14063:
14061:www.icc-cpi.int
14055:
14054:
14050:
14037:
14036:
14032:
14022:
14020:
14012:
14011:
14007:
13992:
13988:
13973:
13972:
13968:
13961:
13947:
13943:
13926:
13922:
13912:
13910:
13901:
13900:
13896:
13891:. 5 April 2012.
13883:
13882:
13878:
13869:
13868:
13864:
13855:
13854:
13850:
13840:
13838:
13833:
13832:
13828:
13819:. 16 May 2011.
13811:
13810:
13806:
13796:
13794:
13790:
13779:
13775:
13774:
13767:
13757:
13755:
13751:
13740:
13734:
13729:
13725:
13715:
13713:
13712:on 25 June 2008
13709:
13698:
13694:
13693:
13689:
13676:
13674:
13673:on 9 April 2008
13670:
13659:
13655:
13654:
13647:
13639:
13635:
13634:
13630:
13614:
13613:
13606:
13604:
13597:
13590:
13574:
13573:
13566:
13564:
13557:
13553:
13543:
13541:
13540:on 16 June 2011
13537:
13530:
13526:
13525:
13521:
13511:
13509:
13498:
13491:
13481:
13479:
13469:
13465:
13455:
13453:
13449:
13442:
13438:
13437:
13433:
13423:
13421:
13412:
13411:
13407:
13397:
13395:
13386:
13385:
13381:
13371:
13369:
13361:
13360:
13356:
13346:
13344:
13335:
13334:
13330:
13320:
13318:
13317:on 4 March 2016
13309:
13308:
13304:
13294:
13292:
13283:
13282:
13278:
13271:
13262:
13258:
13251:
13233:
13229:
13218:
13216:
13201:
13197:
13187:
13185:
13170:
13166:
13145:
13141:
13120:
13116:
13106:Wayback Machine
13096:
13089:
13077:
13073:
13059:
13058:
13054:
13048:. 26 June 1945.
13044:
13043:
13039:
13029:
13027:
13023:
13006:
13000:
12991:
12981:
12979:
12975:
12962:
12958:
12957:
12953:
12937:
12936:
12929:
12927:
12920:
12916:
12908:
12901:
12897:
12896:
12892:
12882:
12880:
12873:
12857:
12853:
12846:
12837:
12833:
12825:
12818:
12814:Moffett, Luke.
12812:
12808:
12787:
12783:
12767:
12766:
12759:
12757:
12750:
12746:
12736:
12734:
12719:
12712:
12697:
12693:
12683:
12681:
12672:
12671:
12667:
12657:
12655:
12640:
12636:
12626:
12624:
12613:
12609:
12604:
12600:
12592:
12588:
12580:
12576:
12568:
12564:
12556:
12552:
12544:
12540:
12533:
12519:
12515:
12507:
12503:
12493:
12491:
12487:
12480:
12474:
12470:
12463:
12448:
12444:
12437:
12423:
12419:
12409:
12407:
12405:asp.icc-cpi.int
12399:
12398:
12391:
12381:
12379:
12374:
12373:
12369:
12361:
12357:
12356:
12352:
12342:
12340:
12336:
12329:
12325:
12324:
12309:
12302:
12288:
12284:
12274:
12272:
12264:
12263:
12259:
12249:
12247:
12240:"The registrar"
12238:
12237:
12233:
12228:on 9 July 2009.
12222:"The Registrar"
12220:
12219:
12215:
12202:
12201:
12197:
12192:on 7 June 2023.
12184:
12183:
12176:
12165:
12158:
12148:
12146:
12138:The Independent
12131:
12130:
12126:
12116:
12114:
12099:
12098:
12094:
12084:
12082:
12065:
12061:
12051:
12049:
12036:
12035:
12031:
12021:
12019:
12015:
12004:
12000:
11999:
11995:
11985:
11983:
11966:
11962:
11952:
11950:
11942:
11941:
11937:
11927:
11925:
11912:
11911:
11907:
11897:
11895:
11882:
11881:
11877:
11867:
11865:
11852:
11851:
11847:
11837:
11835:
11822:
11821:
11817:
11807:
11805:
11792:
11791:
11787:
11777:
11775:
11760:
11756:
11746:
11744:
11731:
11730:
11726:
11716:
11714:
11704:
11700:
11685:
11681:
11657:Foreign Affairs
11652:
11648:
11621:
11617:
11607:
11605:
11599:
11592:
11582:
11580:
11569:
11558:
11548:
11546:
11545:on 18 July 2007
11535:
11526:
11517:
11516:
11512:
11498:
11497:
11493:
11483:
11481:
11472:
11471:
11467:
11457:
11455:
11444:
11437:
11427:
11425:
11414:
11410:
11394:
11273:
11263:
11261:
11246:
11245:
11241:
11236:on 14 May 2006.
11233:
11194:
11188:
11184:
11137:
11133:
11123:
11121:
11117:
11104:
11100:
11099:
11095:
11085:
11083:
11073:
11069:
11068:
11064:
11054:
11052:
11037:
11036:
11032:
11022:
11020:
11003:Bolton, John R.
11000:
10996:
10989:
10967:
10963:
10955:
10951:
10941:
10939:
10935:
10922:
10918:
10917:
10913:
10903:
10901:
10897:
10884:
10880:
10879:
10875:
10865:
10863:
10850:
10849:
10838:
10828:
10826:
10813:
10812:
10801:
10784:
10775:
10765:
10763:
10752:
10743:
10733:
10731:
10720:
10713:
10706:
10692:
10688:
10680:
10676:
10661:
10657:
10644:
10643:
10639:
10630:
10629:
10625:
10610:
10606:
10596:
10594:
10589:
10588:
10584:
10574:
10572:
10569:Hindustan Times
10563:
10562:
10558:
10548:
10546:
10537:
10536:
10532:
10522:
10520:
10511:
10510:
10506:
10496:
10494:
10484:
10475:
10465:
10463:
10458:
10457:
10450:
10422:
10418:
10408:
10406:
10396:
10389:
10379:
10377:
10367:
10363:
10328:
10324:
10317:
10301:
10297:
10260:
10256:
10246:
10244:
10236:
10235:
10231:
10221:
10219:
10217:asp.icc-cpi.int
10211:
10210:
10206:
10196:
10194:
10181:
10180:
10176:
10169:
10155:
10151:
10144:
10130:
10126:
10116:
10114:
10101:
10100:
10096:
10086:
10084:
10079:
10078:
10074:
10065:
10064:
10060:
10050:
10048:
10035:
10034:
10030:
10020:
10018:
10009:
10008:
10004:
9994:
9992:
9983:
9982:
9978:
9963:
9959:
9952:
9938:
9934:
9924:
9922:
9913:
9912:
9908:
9898:
9896:
9892:
9885:
9881:
9880:
9876:
9866:
9864:
9860:
9853:
9849:
9848:
9844:
9827:
9826:
9822:
9812:
9810:
9795:
9791:
9772:
9768:
9758:
9756:
9748:
9747:
9740:
9730:
9728:
9720:
9719:
9712:
9702:
9700:
9696:
9689:
9685:
9684:
9680:
9673:
9659:
9655:
9648:
9624:
9620:
9610:
9608:
9599:
9598:
9591:
9581:
9579:
9566:
9565:
9561:
9538:10.2307/2198479
9518:
9514:
9504:
9502:
9493:
9492:
9488:
9478:
9476:
9461:
9454:
9444:
9442:
9433:
9432:
9425:
9415:
9413:
9391:
9387:
9352:
9348:
9341:
9327:
9323:
9316:
9300:
9296:
9265:10.2307/2187841
9247:
9246:
9242:
9232:
9230:
9223:
9216:
9171:
9167:
9157:
9155:
9147:
9146:
9142:
9137:
9133:
9120:
9118:
9117:on 3 March 2013
9109:
9108:
9104:
9099:
9046:
9010:
8990:Nestor Courakis
8985:William Schabas
8980:
8971:
8962:
8949:
8940:
8882:
8880:U.S. criticisms
8830:in April 2021.
8730:The subsequent
8703:
8691:U.S. President
8685:
8669:Piotr HofmaΕski
8617:announced that
8591:
8585:
8576:Rodrigo Duterte
8561:
8531:
8480:
8474:
8458:Yoweri Museveni
8354:
8343:
8337:
8334:
8291:
8289:
8279:
8267:
8256:
8223:
8218:
8111:
8075:
8070:
8065:
8064:
8055:
8044:
8035:
8031:
8026:
8022:
8017:
8013:
8008:
8004:
7933:
7899:Sergey Kobylash
7866:
7799:
7786:
7780:
7760:
7725:
7705:
7580:
7567:
7532:
7528:Noureddine Adam
7512:
7507:9 December 2021
7506:
7505:
7503:
7499:
7493:
7492:
7489:24 January 2021
7487:
7470:
7446:
7441:
7440:
7435:
7418:
7405:25 January 2019
7404:
7403:
7400:23 January 2019
7398:
7382:7 December 2018
7381:
7361:
7355:
7354:
7352:
7349:11 October 2019
7347:
7341:
7336:
7335:
7330:
7313:
7270:
7252:
7249:
7248:
7246:
7242:
7236:
7235:
7233:
7228:
7223:
7222:
7217:
7200:
7186:sentence served
7173:
7172:
7170:
7166:
7160:
7159:
7157:
7152:
7147:
7146:
7141:
7124:
7111:
7073:
7061:
7060:
7058:
7054:
7053:
7050:
7044:
7043:
7039:
7021:
7001:
7000:
6995:15 January 2019
6994:
6993:
6989:
6986:15 January 2019
6985:
6980:28 January 2016
6979:
6973:
6972:
6970:
6966:
6961:5 December 2011
6960:
6959:
6955:
6937:
6898:
6897:
6894:
6860:
6766:
6762:Muammar Gaddafi
6753:
6702:
6698:
6692:
6687:6 November 2020
6686:
6685:
6682:3 November 2020
6681:
6663:
6626:
6609:23 January 2012
6608:
6604:
6600:
6596:
6541:23 January 2012
6540:
6538:
6534:
6530:
6524:
6508:
6505:
6486:23 January 2012
6485:
6481:
6477:
6418:
6414:
6413:
6410:
6405:23 January 2012
6404:
6402:
6398:
6392:
6376:
6373:
6360:
6325:
6294:
6291:
6270:
6268:
6265:8 December 2010
6264:
6258:
6242:
6239:
6238:
6236:
6233:
6213:
6211:8 February 2010
6210:
6206:
6202:
6196:
6180:
6177:
6140:
6139:
6136:
6118:
6114:
6111:
6109:
6105:
6099:
6098:
6094:
6044:
6031:
6022:sentence served
6011:
6010:
6006:
5990:Narcisse Arido
5984:sentence served
5974:5 December 2013
5973:
5972:
5969:4 December 2013
5968:
5946:sentence served
5912:
5911:
5907:
5883:sentence served
5872:
5871:
5869:
5866:
5865:
5859:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5852:
5850:
5848:19 October 2016
5847:
5846:
5844:
5840:
5836:
5830:
5829:
5827:
5819:
5818:
5814:
5796:
5781:
5780:
5776:
5772:
5766:
5765:
5763:
5760:
5759:
5757:
5753:
5749:
5743:
5741:
5737:
5731:
5730:
5726:
5708:
5707:
5704:
5678:
5677:
5675:
5671:
5665:
5664:
5662:
5660:4 February 2021
5659:
5658:
5656:
5652:
5647:6 December 2016
5646:
5640:
5639:
5637:
5633:
5628:26 January 2015
5627:
5626:
5623:21 January 2015
5622:
5491:
5478:
5443:
5421:
5417:
5413:
5408:28 January 2011
5407:
5406:
5403:25 January 2011
5402:
5384:
5364:
5362:
5359:21 October 2014
5358:
5352:
5348:
5344:
5340:
5334:
5333:
5330:6 February 2008
5329:
5311:
5293:sentence served
5279:
5277:
5274:
5272:
5268:
5264:
5258:
5256:
5252:
5247:22 October 2007
5246:
5245:
5242:17 October 2007
5241:
5223:
5202:
5201:
5196:7 November 2019
5195:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5184:
5178:
5172:
5171:
5169:
5165:
5160:
5140:
5139:
5136:
5122:sentence served
5112:1 December 2014
5111:
5110:
5108:
5104:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5086:
5082:26 January 2009
5080:
5076:29 January 2007
5075:
5073:
5069:
5063:
5062:
5058:
5040:
5027:
4982:
4980:Appeal hearings
4973:
4964:
4957:
4954:
4952:Transfer to ICC
4942:
4938:
4846:
4845:
4840:
4836:
4831:
4827:
4821:
4817:
4812:
4808:
4803:
4799:
4794:
4790:
4785:
4781:
4776:
4772:
4767:
4763:
4758:
4754:
4677:
4406:
4389:
4387:
4383:
4370:
4354:
4344:
4329:
4319:
4300:
4290:
4265:
4222:
4215:
4199:
4174:
4164:
4148:
4131:
4129:
4125:
4112:
4102:
4092:
4085:
4078:
4056:
4049:
4011:
3998:
3982:
3960:
3953:
3931:
3892:Acquittal etc.
3838:
3832:
3825:
3820:
3816:
3810:
3806:
3800:
3796:
3791:
3787:
3782:
3778:
3773:
3769:
3763:
3759:
3755:
3630:3 November 2021
3625:8 February 2018
3592:8 February 2018
3542:25 October 2017
3511:16 January 2015
3448:7 February 2014
3428:2 December 2019
3396:16 January 2013
3330:6 December 2010
3286:28 October 2015
3250:14 October 2009
3223:22 January 2009
3202:27 January 2016
3169:5 February 2008
3121:9 February 2006
3112:9 February 2006
3094:9 December 2020
3085:9 February 2006
3007:28 October 2021
2886:Current status
2858:
2857:
2856:
2848:
2847:
2846:
2838:
2837:
2836:
2828:
2827:
2826:
2822:
2787:Darfur in Sudan
2773:
2768:
2763:
2757:
2750:
2744:
2647:Germain Katanga
2612:
2413:Percent %
2396:
2368:
2344:
2338:
2318:
2289:
2269:
2163:
2161:
2157:
2154:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2141:
2081:
2076:
2051:Philippe Kirsch
2042:
2026:complementarity
1984:
1967:
1933:
1909:
1871:
1866:
1857:
1848:
1840:
1831:
1829:Complementarity
1822:
1813:
1804:
1787:
1774:
1765:
1685:
1671:Taking hostages
1662:Cruel treatment
1648:Taking hostages
1618:Willful killing
1604:
1578:Sexual violence
1519:
1483:
1450:
1359:
1347:
1315:
1280:Henry Kissinger
1221:
1215:
1202:
1196:
1188:Piotr HofmaΕski
1157:
1151:
1143:
1106:
1081:law of treaties
1061:
1055:
1046:
1027:
992:Black Sea Fleet
976:Sergey Kobylash
948:arrest warrants
925:Muammar Gaddafi
840:
815:
777:arrest warrants
661:
629:Nazi war crimes
597:, which sat in
557:First World War
545:
532:
429:
427:www.icc-cpi.int
425:
409:
399:
393:
368:
353:
338:
323:
308:
279:
246:
245:
231:
197:
196:
195:
191:
189:
185:
183:
179:
177:
173:
171:
167:
151:
150:
147:
135:
134:
133:
49:
48:
43:
37:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
20680:
20670:
20669:
20664:
20659:
20654:
20649:
20644:
20627:
20626:
20624:
20623:
20618:
20613:
20608:
20603:
20598:
20593:
20588:
20583:
20577:
20575:
20571:
20570:
20568:
20567:
20562:
20557:
20552:
20547:
20542:
20540:English school
20537:
20535:Constructivism
20531:
20529:
20523:
20522:
20520:
20519:
20514:
20513:
20512:
20507:
20505:Non-aggression
20502:
20497:
20492:
20482:
20477:
20472:
20467:
20462:
20457:
20452:
20447:
20442:
20437:
20432:
20427:
20422:
20421:
20420:
20415:
20405:
20400:
20395:
20390:
20385:
20380:
20375:
20370:
20365:
20360:
20355:
20350:
20349:
20348:
20343:
20338:
20327:
20325:
20321:
20320:
20318:
20317:
20312:
20307:
20302:
20297:
20292:
20286:
20284:
20278:
20277:
20274:
20273:
20271:
20270:
20265:
20259:
20257:
20253:
20252:
20250:
20249:
20244:
20239:
20234:
20229:
20224:
20219:
20213:
20211:
20204:
20198:
20197:
20195:
20194:
20188:
20185:
20184:
20177:
20176:
20169:
20162:
20154:
20145:
20144:
20141:
20140:
20138:
20137:
20132:
20127:
20121:
20119:
20108:
20107:
20105:
20104:
20099:
20094:
20092:United Nations
20089:
20084:
20079:
20074:
20069:
20064:
20059:
20054:
20049:
20043:
20041:
20031:
20015:
20014:
19999:
19998:
19991:
19984:
19976:
19967:
19966:
19964:
19963:
19958:
19952:
19950:
19939:
19938:
19936:
19935:
19930:
19925:
19920:
19915:
19909:
19907:
19900:
19899:
19897:
19896:
19891:
19886:
19881:
19876:
19871:
19866:
19861:
19856:
19851:
19846:
19841:
19836:
19831:
19826:
19821:
19816:
19811:
19806:
19804:European Union
19800:
19798:
19792:
19791:
19789:
19788:
19783:
19778:
19773:
19768:
19763:
19758:
19752:
19750:
19746:
19745:
19743:
19742:
19737:
19732:
19727:
19722:
19717:
19712:
19706:
19704:
19698:
19697:
19695:
19694:
19689:
19684:
19679:
19673:
19671:
19667:
19666:
19654:International
19651:
19650:
19643:
19636:
19628:
19619:
19618:
19616:
19615:
19610:
19605:
19600:
19595:
19590:
19584:
19582:
19578:
19577:
19575:
19574:
19569:
19564:
19559:
19554:
19549:
19544:
19539:
19534:
19529:
19523:
19521:
19512:
19509:
19508:
19506:
19505:
19500:
19495:
19490:
19485:
19484:
19483:
19478:
19468:
19463:
19458:
19452:
19450:
19445:Crimes against
19443:
19440:
19439:
19437:
19436:
19431:
19426:
19421:
19416:
19411:
19406:
19401:
19396:
19391:
19385:
19383:
19377:
19376:
19369:
19368:
19361:
19354:
19346:
19337:
19336:
19334:
19333:
19328:
19323:
19318:
19313:
19308:
19302:
19300:
19296:
19295:
19292:
19291:
19289:
19288:
19283:
19277:
19275:
19271:
19270:
19268:
19267:
19261:
19259:
19253:
19252:
19250:
19249:
19244:
19239:
19234:
19229:
19224:
19219:
19214:
19209:
19204:
19199:
19194:
19188:
19186:
19177:
19176:Investigations
19173:
19172:
19169:
19168:
19166:
19165:
19160:
19154:
19149:
19144:
19139:
19134:
19129:
19124:
19119:
19114:
19109:
19104:
19095:
19089:
19087:
19083:
19082:
19080:
19079:
19074:
19069:
19063:
19061:
19060:States parties
19054:
19050:
19049:
19047:
19046:
19041:
19036:
19031:
19025:
19023:
19019:
19018:
19011:
19009:
19006:
19005:
19003:
19002:
18994:
18988:
18982:
18976:
18969:
18967:
18963:
18962:
18959:
18958:
18956:
18955:
18950:
18945:
18940:
18934:
18932:
18928:
18927:
18925:
18924:
18918:
18916:
18909:
18908:UN resolutions
18905:
18904:
18902:
18901:
18896:
18891:
18886:
18881:
18870:
18868:
18861:
18857:
18856:
18849:
18848:
18841:
18834:
18826:
18820:
18819:
18810:
18805:
18800:
18789:
18788:External links
18786:
18783:
18782:
18753:
18725:
18699:
18680:
18649:
18620:
18593:(1): 221β240.
18573:
18539:
18514:
18497:
18471:
18436:
18394:
18379:
18332:
18317:
18297:
18266:
18251:
18220:
18192:
18173:
18154:
18151:. 22 May 2024.
18136:
18133:. 21 May 2024.
18118:
18115:. 14 May 2024.
18098:
18078:
18060:
18038:
18017:
18006:. 11 June 2020
17989:
17955:
17933:
17910:
17882:
17857:
17817:
17795:
17773:Luban, David.
17765:
17740:
17714:
17699:Democracy Now!
17685:
17667:
17653:
17627:
17608:
17590:
17576:
17558:
17527:
17502:
17473:
17443:
17413:
17383:
17353:
17322:
17291:
17264:
17238:
17208:
17193:. Al Jazeera.
17182:
17167:. Al Jazeera.
17156:
17141:. Al Jazeera.
17130:
17097:
17066:
17048:
17041:
17023:
17000:
16973:
16955:
16929:
16898:
16879:
16859:
16833:
16807:
16800:
16782:
16749:
16718:
16685:
16672:
16642:
16603:
16569:
16530:
16498:
16466:
16425:
16393:
16381:
16369:
16357:
16345:
16333:
16301:
16289:
16277:
16265:
16253:
16241:
16229:
16217:
16205:
16193:
16181:
16169:
16157:
16145:
16133:
16121:
16109:
16097:
16085:
16073:
16061:
16049:
16037:
16025:
16013:
16001:
15989:
15977:
15965:
15953:
15941:
15932:
15916:
15904:
15885:
15873:
15861:
15849:
15817:
15805:
15793:
15781:
15769:
15757:
15745:
15733:
15719:
15707:
15695:
15683:
15661:
15632:
15607:
15585:
15563:
15541:
15516:
15494:
15472:
15447:
15425:
15403:
15381:
15359:
15337:
15315:
15293:
15264:
15239:
15217:
15195:
15173:
15148:
15126:
15113:United Nations
15100:
15078:
15046:
15024:
15002:
14980:
14973:
14955:
14930:
14908:
14886:
14864:
14842:
14817:
14795:
14773:
14748:
14723:
14701:
14679:
14657:
14632:
14610:
14588:
14566:
14541:
14519:
14497:
14475:
14446:
14424:
14402:
14380:
14355:
14330:
14305:
14283:
14254:
14228:
14202:
14176:
14151:
14112:
14073:
14048:
14030:
14005:
13986:
13983:. 8 June 2018.
13966:
13959:
13941:
13920:
13894:
13876:
13862:
13848:
13826:
13804:
13765:
13723:
13687:
13645:
13628:
13588:
13551:
13519:
13489:
13463:
13431:
13405:
13379:
13354:
13328:
13302:
13276:
13256:
13249:
13227:
13215:on 25 May 2006
13195:
13164:
13139:
13114:
13099:"Introduction"
13087:
13071:
13052:
13037:
12989:
12951:
12914:
12890:
12871:
12851:
12831:
12806:
12781:
12744:
12710:
12691:
12665:
12634:
12623:on 7 July 2014
12607:
12598:
12596:, p. 316.
12586:
12584:, p. 312.
12574:
12572:, p. 304.
12562:
12550:
12548:, p. 322.
12538:
12531:
12513:
12511:, p. 302.
12501:
12468:
12461:
12442:
12435:
12417:
12389:
12367:
12350:
12307:
12300:
12282:
12257:
12231:
12213:
12195:
12174:
12156:
12124:
12092:
12059:
12029:
11993:
11960:
11935:
11905:
11875:
11845:
11815:
11785:
11754:
11724:
11698:
11679:
11646:
11615:
11590:
11556:
11524:
11510:
11491:
11465:
11435:
11408:
11395:Rome statute.
11271:
11239:
11205:(3): 627β634.
11182:
11151:(3): 608β620.
11131:
11110:United Nations
11093:
11079:United Nations
11062:
11047:. 8 May 2002.
11044:United Nations
11030:
11005:(6 May 2002).
10994:
10987:
10961:
10949:
10928:United Nations
10911:
10890:United Nations
10873:
10836:
10799:
10773:
10741:
10711:
10704:
10686:
10674:
10655:
10652:. 20 May 2024.
10637:
10623:
10604:
10582:
10556:
10530:
10504:
10473:
10448:
10416:
10387:
10361:
10322:
10315:
10295:
10274:(3): 275β283.
10254:
10229:
10204:
10174:
10167:
10149:
10142:
10124:
10094:
10072:
10058:
10028:
10017:on 9 July 2007
10002:
9976:
9957:
9950:
9932:
9906:
9883:"A/RES/55/155"
9874:
9851:"A/RES/54/105"
9842:
9820:
9809:on 15 May 2012
9789:
9766:
9738:
9710:
9678:
9671:
9653:
9646:
9618:
9589:
9559:
9512:
9486:
9469:Cato Institute
9452:
9423:
9385:
9366:(6): 743β757.
9346:
9339:
9321:
9314:
9294:
9240:
9214:
9185:(3): 729β747.
9165:
9140:
9131:
9101:
9100:
9098:
9095:
9094:
9093:
9088:
9083:
9078:
9073:
9067:
9062:
9057:
9052:
9045:
9042:
9009:
9006:
8979:
8976:
8970:
8967:
8961:
8958:
8948:
8945:
8939:
8936:
8926:abuses in the
8900:John R. Bolton
8881:
8878:
8862:Antony Blinken
8842:arrest warrant
8828:Antony Blinken
8792:Steven Mnuchin
8737:Fatou Bensouda
8709:George W. Bush
8693:George W. Bush
8684:
8681:
8654:Omar al-Bashir
8625:on account of
8623:Vladimir Putin
8599:Vladimir Putin
8584:
8581:
8560:
8557:
8545:Fatou Bensouda
8530:
8527:
8489:Tedros Adhanom
8476:Main article:
8473:
8470:
8409:Omar al-Bashir
8397:Uhuru Kenyatta
8395:and President
8356:
8355:
8270:
8268:
8261:
8255:
8252:
8222:
8221:African states
8219:
8217:
8214:
8189:
8188:
8185:
8182:
8110:
8107:
8074:
8073:United Nations
8071:
8069:
8066:
8063:
8062:
8042:
8029:
8020:
8011:
8001:
8000:
7992:
7991:
7988:
7986:
7984:
7982:
7980:
7977:
7974:
7971:
7968:
7962:
7961:
7959:
7956:
7954:
7952:
7950:
7948:
7945:
7942:
7939:
7936:
7931:
7925:
7924:
7921:
7919:
7917:
7915:
7913:
7910:
7907:
7904:
7901:
7895:
7894:
7892:
7889:
7887:
7885:
7883:
7881:
7878:
7875:
7872:
7869:
7864:
7862:Viktor Sokolov
7858:
7857:
7854:
7852:
7850:
7848:
7846:
7843:
7840:
7837:
7834:
7828:
7827:
7825:
7822:
7820:
7818:
7816:
7814:
7811:
7808:
7805:
7802:
7797:
7795:Vladimir Putin
7792:
7774:
7773:
7771:
7768:
7766:
7753:
7752:
7750:
7747:
7745:
7739:
7738:
7736:
7733:
7731:
7719:
7718:
7716:
7713:
7711:
7699:
7698:
7696:
7693:
7691:
7681:
7680:
7678:
7675:
7673:
7667:
7666:
7663:
7661:
7659:
7657:
7655:
7652:
7649:
7646:
7643:
7641:David Sanakoev
7637:
7636:
7633:
7631:
7629:
7627:
7625:
7622:
7619:
7616:
7613:
7609:
7608:
7606:
7603:
7601:
7599:
7597:
7595:
7592:
7589:
7586:
7583:
7578:
7573:
7561:
7560:
7558:
7555:
7553:
7551:
7549:
7547:
7544:
7541:
7538:
7535:
7533:7 January 2019
7530:
7524:
7523:
7521:
7518:
7516:
7509:
7496:
7485:
7482:
7479:
7476:
7473:
7471:7 January 2019
7468:
7462:
7461:
7459:
7453:
7451:
7444:
7433:
7430:
7427:
7424:
7421:
7416:
7410:
7409:
7407:
7396:
7393:
7390:
7387:
7384:
7379:
7373:
7372:
7370:
7367:
7365:
7358:
7339:
7328:
7325:
7322:
7319:
7316:
7311:
7309:Alfred Yekatom
7306:
7299:
7298:
7296:
7293:
7291:
7289:
7287:
7285:
7282:
7279:
7276:
7273:
7268:
7262:
7261:
7259:
7256:
7254:
7239:
7230:8β17 July 2019
7226:
7215:
7212:
7209:
7206:
7203:
7198:
7192:
7191:
7189:
7182:decision final
7178:
7176:
7163:
7150:
7139:
7136:
7133:
7130:
7127:
7122:
7117:
7105:
7104:
7102:
7096:
7094:
7092:
7090:
7088:
7085:
7082:
7079:
7076:
7071:
7065:
7064:
7055:2 October 2014
7051:29 September β
7047:
7036:
7033:
7030:
7027:
7024:
7019:
7013:
7012:
7010:
7008:decision final
7004:
6997:
6976:
6963:
6952:
6949:
6946:
6943:
6940:
6935:
6933:Laurent Gbagbo
6930:
6924:
6923:
6921:
6915:
6913:
6910:
6907:
6904:
6901:
6895:15 August 2017
6892:
6886:
6885:
6883:
6877:
6875:
6872:
6869:
6866:
6863:
6858:
6852:
6851:
6845:
6843:
6840:
6837:
6834:
6831:
6825:
6824:
6821:
6819:
6817:
6815:
6813:
6810:
6807:
6804:
6801:
6795:
6794:
6792:
6783:
6781:
6778:
6775:
6772:
6769:
6764:
6759:
6747:
6746:
6744:
6741:
6739:
6737:
6735:
6733:
6730:
6727:
6724:
6721:
6717:
6716:
6714:
6708:
6706:
6695:
6689:
6678:
6675:
6672:
6669:
6666:
6661:
6655:
6654:
6652:
6649:
6647:
6645:
6643:
6641:
6638:
6635:
6632:
6629:
6624:
6623:Walter Barasa
6620:
6619:
6613:
6611:
6601:5 October 2011
6593:
6590:
6587:
6584:
6581:
6575:
6574:
6572:
6569:
6566:
6563:
6560:
6558:Uhuru Kenyatta
6554:
6553:
6551:
6545:
6543:
6535:5 October 2011
6527:
6522:
6519:
6516:
6513:
6510:
6503:
6497:
6496:
6490:
6488:
6474:
6471:
6468:
6465:
6462:
6456:
6455:
6453:
6450:
6447:
6444:
6441:
6435:
6434:
6432:
6426:
6424:
6407:
6395:
6390:
6387:
6384:
6381:
6378:
6371:
6366:
6354:
6353:
6351:
6348:
6346:
6344:
6342:
6340:
6337:
6334:
6331:
6328:
6323:
6317:
6316:
6310:
6308:
6305:
6302:
6299:
6296:
6292:27 August 2009
6289:
6283:
6282:
6280:
6277:
6275:
6273:
6261:
6256:
6253:
6250:
6247:
6244:
6234:27 August 2009
6231:
6229:Abdallah Banda
6225:
6224:
6222:
6216:
6214:
6199:
6194:
6191:
6188:
6185:
6182:
6175:
6169:
6168:
6166:
6163:
6161:
6159:
6157:
6155:
6152:
6149:
6146:
6143:
6134:
6128:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:5 April 2022 β
6115:
6106:24-26 May 2021
6102:
6091:
6088:
6085:
6082:
6079:
6073:
6072:
6070:
6067:
6065:
6063:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6053:
6050:
6047:
6042:
6037:
6025:
6024:
6018:decision final
6014:
6003:
6000:
5997:
5994:
5991:
5987:
5986:
5980:decision final
5976:
5965:
5962:
5959:
5956:
5953:
5949:
5948:
5942:decision final
5938:
5935:
5932:
5929:
5926:
5922:
5921:
5919:decision final
5915:
5904:
5901:
5898:
5895:
5892:
5888:
5887:
5885:
5879:decision final
5875:
5862:
5833:
5822:
5811:
5808:
5805:
5802:
5799:
5793:
5792:
5790:
5788:decision final
5784:
5769:
5746:
5734:
5723:
5720:
5717:
5714:
5711:
5702:
5697:
5691:
5690:
5688:
5685:decision final
5681:
5668:
5643:
5630:
5619:
5616:
5613:
5610:
5607:
5601:
5600:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5586:
5583:
5580:
5574:
5573:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5559:
5556:
5553:
5547:
5546:
5540:
5538:
5535:
5532:
5529:
5526:
5520:
5519:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5510:
5508:
5506:
5503:
5500:
5497:
5494:
5489:
5484:
5472:
5471:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5462:
5460:
5458:
5455:
5452:
5449:
5446:
5441:
5435:
5434:
5432:
5426:
5424:
5410:
5399:
5396:
5393:
5390:
5387:
5382:
5376:
5375:
5373:
5371:decision final
5367:
5355:
5337:
5326:
5323:
5320:
5317:
5314:
5309:
5303:
5302:
5300:
5289:decision final
5285:
5282:
5261:
5249:
5238:
5235:
5232:
5229:
5226:
5221:
5215:
5214:
5212:
5209:decision final
5205:
5198:
5185:30 August 2018
5175:
5162:
5161:26 March 2013
5155:
5152:
5149:
5146:
5143:
5137:22 August 2006
5134:
5128:
5127:
5125:
5118:decision final
5114:
5105:19β20 May 2014
5101:
5088:26 August 2011
5078:
5066:
5055:
5052:
5049:
5046:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5021:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4996:
4995:
4990:
4988:Current status
4985:
4976:
4967:
4958:
4948:
4943:
4933:
4920:
4919:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4909:
4908:
4906:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4864:
4861:
4858:
4855:
4844:
4843:
4834:
4825:
4815:
4806:
4797:
4788:
4779:
4770:
4761:
4751:
4750:
4742:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4733:
4730:
4727:
4724:
4721:
4718:
4715:
4712:
4708:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4699:
4696:
4693:
4690:
4687:
4684:
4681:
4674:
4671:
4665:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4656:
4653:
4650:
4647:
4644:
4641:
4638:
4635:
4632:
4626:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4617:
4614:
4611:
4608:
4605:
4602:
4599:
4596:
4593:
4589:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4580:
4577:
4574:
4571:
4568:
4565:
4562:
4559:
4556:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4541:
4538:
4535:
4532:
4529:
4526:
4523:
4520:
4517:
4511:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4502:
4499:
4496:
4493:
4490:
4487:
4484:
4481:
4478:
4474:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4465:
4462:
4459:
4456:
4453:
4450:
4447:
4444:
4441:
4437:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4428:
4425:
4422:
4419:
4416:
4413:
4410:
4403:
4400:
4394:
4393:
4380:
4377:
4374:
4367:
4364:
4361:
4358:
4351:
4348:
4341:
4338:
4334:
4333:
4326:
4323:
4316:
4313:
4310:
4307:
4304:
4297:
4294:
4287:
4284:
4278:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4269:
4262:
4259:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4245:
4242:
4241:CΓ΄te d'Ivoire
4238:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4229:
4226:
4219:
4212:
4209:
4206:
4203:
4196:
4193:
4187:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4178:
4171:
4168:
4161:
4158:
4155:
4152:
4145:
4142:
4136:
4135:
4122:
4119:
4116:
4109:
4106:
4099:
4096:
4089:
4082:
4075:
4072:
4066:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4053:
4046:
4043:
4040:
4037:
4034:
4031:
4028:
4025:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4008:
4005:
4002:
3995:
3992:
3989:
3986:
3979:
3976:
3970:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3957:
3950:
3947:
3944:
3941:
3938:
3935:
3928:
3925:
3919:
3918:
3916:
3914:
3912:
3910:
3908:
3906:
3904:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3896:
3893:
3890:
3887:
3884:
3881:
3878:
3875:
3871:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3857:
3854:
3851:
3840:
3839:
3837:
3836:
3823:
3814:
3804:
3794:
3785:
3776:
3767:
3756:
3749:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3719:
3718:
3716:
3710:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3694:
3690:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3668:
3664:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3645:
3642:
3638:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3611:
3605:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3586:
3583:
3579:
3578:
3576:
3570:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3554:
3550:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3531:
3528:
3524:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3500:
3494:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3467:
3461:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3437:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3424:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3408:
3404:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3380:
3374:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3350:
3344:
3343:
3341:
3335:
3332:
3327:
3324:
3321:
3315:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3306:
3301:
3298:
3295:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3282:
3279:
3274:
3271:
3268:
3264:
3263:
3261:
3255:
3252:
3247:
3244:
3241:
3237:
3236:
3234:
3228:
3225:
3220:
3217:
3214:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3199:
3197:20 August 2008
3194:
3191:
3188:
3182:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3163:
3160:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3135:
3132:
3126:
3125:
3123:
3117:
3114:
3109:
3106:
3103:
3099:
3098:
3096:
3090:
3087:
3082:
3079:
3076:
3070:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3046:
3040:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3029:
3027:7 January 2005
3024:
3022:7 January 2005
3019:
3016:
3012:
3011:
3009:
3003:
3000:
2995:
2992:
2989:
2985:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2961:
2955:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:3 October 2011
2944:
2942:1 October 2003
2939:
2936:
2933:
2927:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2893:
2892:
2887:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2872:
2746:Main article:
2743:
2740:
2710:Dominic Ongwen
2682:Laurent Gbagbo
2643:Thomas Lubanga
2620:Omar al-Bashir
2611:
2608:
2597:
2596:
2593:
2590:
2586:
2585:
2582:
2579:
2575:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2563:
2559:
2558:
2555:
2552:
2547:
2543:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2531:
2527:
2526:
2523:
2520:
2515:
2511:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2499:
2495:
2494:
2491:
2488:
2483:
2479:
2478:
2475:
2472:
2470:United Kingdom
2467:
2463:
2462:
2459:
2456:
2451:
2447:
2446:
2443:
2440:
2435:
2431:
2430:
2427:
2424:
2419:
2415:
2414:
2411:
2408:
2405:
2395:
2392:
2367:
2364:
2351:branch of the
2340:Main article:
2337:
2334:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2288:
2285:
2268:
2265:
2224:
2223:
2220:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2206:
2205:
2201:
2200:
2197:
2193:
2192:
2188:
2187:
2184:
2180:
2179:
2176:
2172:
2171:
2139:
2133:
2132:
2126:
2122:
2121:
2118:
2114:
2113:
2110:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2088:
2087:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2041:
2038:
2017:ICC Prosecutor
1983:
1980:
1972:Thomas Lubanga
1966:
1963:
1932:
1929:
1908:
1905:
1883:triers of fact
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1856:
1853:
1847:
1844:
1839:
1836:
1830:
1827:
1821:
1818:
1812:
1809:
1803:
1800:
1786:
1783:
1773:
1770:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1759:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1733:
1730:
1724:
1718:
1712:
1684:
1681:
1676:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1650:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1603:
1600:
1599:
1598:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1558:Sexual slavery
1555:
1550:
1545:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1529:
1518:
1515:
1507:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1482:
1479:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1419:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1407:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1383:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1358:
1355:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1314:
1311:
1291:Fatou Bensouda
1271:
1270:
1267:
1260:
1229:Fatou Bensouda
1217:Main article:
1214:
1211:
1198:Main article:
1195:
1192:
1164:Song Sang-hyun
1153:Main article:
1150:
1147:
1142:
1139:
1105:
1102:
1057:Main article:
1054:
1051:
1045:
1042:
1026:
1023:
1015:Ismail Haniyeh
988:Viktor Sokolov
952:Vladimir Putin
929:Laurent Gbagbo
917:Uhuru Kenyatta
909:Omar al-Bashir
883:Vladimir Putin
879:Omar al-Bashir
839:
836:
832:
831:
828:
825:
822:
814:
811:
660:
657:
575:Following the
544:
541:
531:
528:
431:
430:
421:
418:
417:
414:
413:
410:
407:
404:
403:
400:
391:
388:
387:
384:
383:
379:
378:
375:
374:
369:
363:
360:
359:
354:
348:
345:
344:
339:
333:
330:
329:
324:
318:
315:
314:
309:
303:
300:
299:
296:
295:
291:
290:
287:
281:
280:
278:
277:
272:
267:
262:
257:
252:
243:
242:
241:
239:
233:
232:
230:
229:
224:
218:
216:
210:
209:
203:
199:
198:
190:
184:
178:
172:
166:
165:
161:
153:
152:
148:
141:
140:
137:
136:
132:
131:
128:
127:
120:
113:
112:
105:
98:
97:
90:
83:
82:
75:
68:
67:
60:
42:
41:
40:
39:
38:
35:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
20679:
20668:
20665:
20663:
20660:
20658:
20655:
20653:
20650:
20648:
20645:
20643:
20640:
20639:
20637:
20622:
20619:
20617:
20614:
20612:
20609:
20607:
20604:
20602:
20599:
20597:
20594:
20592:
20589:
20587:
20584:
20582:
20579:
20578:
20576:
20572:
20566:
20563:
20561:
20558:
20556:
20553:
20551:
20548:
20546:
20543:
20541:
20538:
20536:
20533:
20532:
20530:
20528:
20524:
20518:
20515:
20511:
20508:
20506:
20503:
20501:
20498:
20496:
20493:
20491:
20488:
20487:
20486:
20483:
20481:
20478:
20476:
20473:
20471:
20468:
20466:
20463:
20461:
20458:
20456:
20453:
20451:
20448:
20446:
20443:
20441:
20438:
20436:
20433:
20431:
20428:
20426:
20423:
20419:
20416:
20414:
20411:
20410:
20409:
20406:
20404:
20401:
20399:
20396:
20394:
20391:
20389:
20386:
20384:
20381:
20379:
20376:
20374:
20371:
20369:
20366:
20364:
20361:
20359:
20356:
20354:
20351:
20347:
20344:
20342:
20339:
20337:
20334:
20333:
20332:
20329:
20328:
20326:
20322:
20316:
20313:
20311:
20308:
20306:
20303:
20301:
20298:
20296:
20293:
20291:
20288:
20287:
20285:
20283:
20279:
20269:
20266:
20264:
20261:
20260:
20258:
20254:
20248:
20245:
20243:
20240:
20238:
20235:
20233:
20230:
20228:
20225:
20223:
20220:
20218:
20215:
20214:
20212:
20208:
20205:
20203:
20202:Organizations
20199:
20193:
20190:
20189:
20186:
20182:
20175:
20170:
20168:
20163:
20161:
20156:
20155:
20152:
20136:
20133:
20131:
20128:
20126:
20123:
20122:
20120:
20116:
20109:
20103:
20100:
20098:
20095:
20093:
20090:
20088:
20085:
20083:
20080:
20078:
20075:
20073:
20070:
20068:
20065:
20063:
20060:
20058:
20055:
20053:
20050:
20048:
20045:
20044:
20042:
20040:
20037:Non-cultural
20035:
20032:
20028:
20022:
20021:organizations
20016:
20010:
20004:
19997:
19992:
19990:
19985:
19983:
19978:
19977:
19974:
19962:
19959:
19957:
19954:
19953:
19951:
19949:
19940:
19934:
19931:
19929:
19928:Emergency NGO
19926:
19924:
19921:
19919:
19916:
19914:
19911:
19910:
19908:
19906:
19901:
19895:
19892:
19890:
19887:
19885:
19882:
19880:
19877:
19875:
19872:
19870:
19867:
19865:
19862:
19860:
19857:
19855:
19852:
19850:
19847:
19845:
19842:
19840:
19837:
19835:
19832:
19830:
19827:
19825:
19822:
19820:
19817:
19815:
19812:
19810:
19807:
19805:
19802:
19801:
19799:
19795:Multi-lateral
19793:
19787:
19784:
19782:
19779:
19777:
19774:
19772:
19769:
19767:
19764:
19762:
19759:
19757:
19754:
19753:
19751:
19747:
19741:
19738:
19736:
19733:
19731:
19728:
19726:
19723:
19721:
19718:
19716:
19713:
19711:
19708:
19707:
19705:
19701:International
19699:
19693:
19690:
19688:
19685:
19683:
19680:
19678:
19675:
19674:
19672:
19668:
19664:
19660:
19659:organisations
19657:
19649:
19644:
19642:
19637:
19635:
19630:
19629:
19626:
19614:
19611:
19609:
19606:
19604:
19601:
19599:
19596:
19594:
19591:
19589:
19586:
19585:
19583:
19579:
19573:
19570:
19568:
19565:
19563:
19560:
19558:
19555:
19553:
19550:
19548:
19545:
19543:
19540:
19538:
19535:
19533:
19530:
19528:
19525:
19524:
19522:
19515:
19510:
19504:
19501:
19499:
19496:
19494:
19493:Slave trading
19491:
19489:
19486:
19482:
19479:
19477:
19474:
19473:
19472:
19469:
19467:
19464:
19462:
19459:
19457:
19454:
19453:
19451:
19448:
19441:
19435:
19432:
19430:
19427:
19425:
19422:
19420:
19417:
19415:
19412:
19410:
19407:
19405:
19402:
19400:
19397:
19395:
19392:
19390:
19387:
19386:
19384:
19382:
19378:
19374:
19367:
19362:
19360:
19355:
19353:
19348:
19347:
19344:
19332:
19329:
19327:
19324:
19322:
19319:
19317:
19314:
19312:
19309:
19307:
19304:
19303:
19301:
19297:
19287:
19284:
19282:
19279:
19278:
19276:
19272:
19266:
19263:
19262:
19260:
19258:
19254:
19248:
19245:
19243:
19240:
19238:
19235:
19233:
19230:
19228:
19225:
19223:
19220:
19218:
19215:
19213:
19210:
19208:
19205:
19203:
19202:Darfur, Sudan
19200:
19198:
19195:
19193:
19190:
19189:
19187:
19185:
19181:
19178:
19174:
19164:
19161:
19158:
19155:
19153:
19150:
19148:
19145:
19143:
19140:
19138:
19135:
19133:
19130:
19128:
19125:
19123:
19120:
19118:
19115:
19113:
19110:
19108:
19105:
19103:
19099:
19096:
19094:
19091:
19090:
19088:
19084:
19078:
19075:
19073:
19070:
19068:
19065:
19064:
19062:
19058:
19055:
19051:
19045:
19042:
19040:
19037:
19035:
19032:
19030:
19027:
19026:
19024:
19020:
19015:
19000:
18999:
18995:
18992:
18989:
18986:
18983:
18980:
18977:
18974:
18971:
18970:
18968:
18964:
18954:
18951:
18949:
18946:
18944:
18941:
18939:
18936:
18935:
18933:
18929:
18923:
18920:
18919:
18917:
18913:
18910:
18906:
18900:
18897:
18895:
18892:
18890:
18887:
18885:
18882:
18879:
18875:
18872:
18871:
18869:
18867:International
18865:
18862:
18858:
18854:
18847:
18842:
18840:
18835:
18833:
18828:
18827:
18824:
18818:
18814:
18811:
18809:
18806:
18804:
18801:
18797:
18792:
18791:
18770:
18766:
18760:
18758:
18741:
18740:
18735:
18729:
18714:
18710:
18703:
18695:
18691:
18684:
18668:
18664:
18660:
18653:
18638:
18634:
18627:
18625:
18616:
18612:
18608:
18604:
18600:
18596:
18592:
18588:
18584:
18577:
18562:
18558:
18554:
18550:
18543:
18528:
18524:
18518:
18507:
18501:
18485:
18481:
18475:
18467:
18463:
18459:
18455:
18451:
18447:
18440:
18424:
18420:
18416:
18412:
18408:
18401:
18399:
18390:
18383:
18375:
18371:
18367:
18363:
18359:
18355:
18351:
18347:
18343:
18336:
18328:
18324:
18320:
18314:
18310:
18309:
18301:
18285:
18281:
18277:
18270:
18262:
18255:
18239:
18235:
18231:
18224:
18209:
18208:
18203:
18196:
18188:
18184:
18177:
18169:
18165:
18158:
18150:
18146:
18140:
18132:
18128:
18122:
18114:
18113:
18108:
18102:
18094:
18093:
18088:
18082:
18074:
18070:
18064:
18048:
18042:
18034:
18033:
18028:
18021:
18005:
18004:
17999:
17993:
17978:
17974:
17970:
17966:
17959:
17943:
17937:
17921:
17914:
17899:
17898:
17893:
17886:
17871:
17867:
17861:
17846:
17842:
17838:
17834:
17833:
17828:
17821:
17805:
17799:
17784:
17780:
17776:
17769:
17761:
17757:
17756:
17751:
17744:
17729:
17725:
17718:
17711:
17700:
17696:
17689:
17681:
17677:
17671:
17663:
17657:
17641:
17637:
17631:
17623:
17619:
17612:
17604:
17600:
17594:
17586:
17580:
17572:
17568:
17562:
17547:
17546:
17541:
17534:
17532:
17516:
17512:
17506:
17491:
17487:
17480:
17478:
17461:
17457:
17453:
17447:
17431:
17427:
17423:
17417:
17401:
17397:
17393:
17387:
17371:
17367:
17363:
17357:
17341:
17337:
17333:
17326:
17310:
17306:
17302:
17295:
17279:
17275:
17268:
17252:
17248:
17242:
17226:
17222:
17218:
17212:
17196:
17192:
17186:
17170:
17166:
17160:
17144:
17140:
17134:
17118:
17114:
17113:
17108:
17101:
17085:
17081:
17077:
17070:
17062:
17058:
17052:
17044:
17042:9781786992970
17038:
17034:
17027:
17011:
17004:
16988:
16984:
16977:
16969:
16965:
16959:
16943:
16942:Nehanda Radio
16939:
16933:
16917:
16913:
16909:
16902:
16886:
16882:
16880:9781409400981
16876:
16872:
16871:
16863:
16847:
16843:
16837:
16821:
16817:
16811:
16803:
16797:
16793:
16786:
16770:
16766:
16765:
16760:
16753:
16737:
16733:
16729:
16722:
16706:
16702:
16701:
16696:
16689:
16675:
16669:
16665:
16661:
16657:
16653:
16646:
16638:
16632:
16616:
16610:
16608:
16599:
16592:
16590:
16588:
16586:
16584:
16582:
16580:
16578:
16576:
16574:
16565:
16559:
16540:
16534:
16515:
16508:
16502:
16483:
16476:
16470:
16461:
16455:
16439:
16432:
16430:
16410:
16403:
16397:
16390:
16385:
16378:
16373:
16366:
16361:
16354:
16349:
16342:
16337:
16321:
16317:
16316:
16311:
16305:
16298:
16293:
16286:
16281:
16274:
16269:
16262:
16257:
16250:
16245:
16238:
16233:
16226:
16221:
16214:
16209:
16202:
16197:
16190:
16185:
16178:
16173:
16166:
16161:
16154:
16149:
16142:
16137:
16130:
16125:
16118:
16113:
16106:
16101:
16094:
16089:
16082:
16077:
16070:
16065:
16058:
16053:
16046:
16041:
16034:
16029:
16022:
16017:
16010:
16005:
15998:
15993:
15986:
15981:
15974:
15969:
15962:
15957:
15950:
15945:
15936:
15929:
15927:
15920:
15913:
15908:
15900:
15895:
15889:
15882:
15877:
15870:
15865:
15858:
15853:
15837:
15833:
15832:
15827:
15821:
15814:
15809:
15802:
15797:
15790:
15785:
15778:
15773:
15766:
15761:
15754:
15749:
15742:
15737:
15729:
15723:
15716:
15711:
15704:
15699:
15692:
15687:
15671:
15665:
15646:
15644:
15636:
15617:
15611:
15595:
15589:
15573:
15567:
15551:
15545:
15529:
15523:
15521:
15504:
15498:
15482:
15476:
15457:
15451:
15435:
15429:
15413:
15407:
15391:
15385:
15369:
15363:
15347:
15341:
15325:
15319:
15303:
15297:
15278:
15276:
15268:
15252:
15246:
15244:
15227:
15221:
15205:
15199:
15183:
15177:
15158:
15152:
15136:
15130:
15114:
15110:
15104:
15088:
15082:
15063:
15057:
15055:
15053:
15051:
15034:
15028:
15012:
15006:
14990:
14984:
14976:
14970:
14966:
14959:
14940:
14934:
14918:
14912:
14896:
14890:
14874:
14868:
14852:
14846:
14827:
14821:
14805:
14799:
14783:
14777:
14758:
14752:
14733:
14727:
14711:
14705:
14689:
14683:
14667:
14661:
14645:
14639:
14637:
14620:
14614:
14598:
14592:
14576:
14570:
14551:
14545:
14529:
14523:
14507:
14501:
14485:
14479:
14460:
14458:
14450:
14434:
14428:
14412:
14406:
14390:
14384:
14365:
14359:
14340:
14334:
14315:
14309:
14293:
14287:
14271:
14267:
14261:
14259:
14242:
14238:
14232:
14216:
14212:
14206:
14191:
14187:
14180:
14165:
14161:
14155:
14139:
14135:
14131:
14127:
14123:
14116:
14100:
14096:
14092:
14088:
14084:
14077:
14062:
14058:
14052:
14044:
14040:
14034:
14019:
14015:
14009:
14001:
13997:
13990:
13982:
13981:
13976:
13970:
13962:
13956:
13952:
13945:
13937:
13936:
13931:
13924:
13908:
13904:
13898:
13890:
13886:
13880:
13872:
13866:
13858:
13852:
13836:
13830:
13822:
13818:
13814:
13808:
13789:
13785:
13778:
13772:
13770:
13750:
13746:
13739:
13733:
13727:
13708:
13704:
13697:
13691:
13684:
13669:
13665:
13658:
13652:
13650:
13638:
13632:
13624:
13618:
13602:
13595:
13593:
13584:
13578:
13562:
13555:
13536:
13529:
13523:
13507:
13503:
13496:
13494:
13478:
13474:
13467:
13448:
13441:
13435:
13419:
13415:
13409:
13393:
13389:
13383:
13368:
13364:
13358:
13342:
13338:
13332:
13316:
13312:
13306:
13290:
13286:
13280:
13270:
13266:
13260:
13252:
13246:
13242:
13239:. Cambridge:
13238:
13231:
13225:Paragraph 22.
13214:
13210:
13206:
13199:
13183:
13179:
13175:
13168:
13160:
13156:
13155:
13150:
13143:
13135:
13131:
13130:
13125:
13118:
13111:
13107:
13103:
13100:
13094:
13092:
13084:
13082:
13075:
13066:
13062:
13056:
13047:
13041:
13022:
13018:
13014:
13013:
13005:
12998:
12996:
12994:
12974:
12970:
12969:
12961:
12955:
12947:
12941:
12925:
12918:
12907:
12900:
12894:
12878:
12874:
12872:9781317910824
12868:
12865:. Routledge.
12864:
12863:
12855:
12845:
12841:
12835:
12824:
12817:
12810:
12802:
12798:
12797:
12796:SGI Quarterly
12792:
12785:
12777:
12771:
12755:
12748:
12732:
12728:
12724:
12717:
12715:
12706:
12702:
12695:
12679:
12675:
12669:
12653:
12649:
12645:
12638:
12622:
12618:
12611:
12602:
12595:
12590:
12583:
12578:
12571:
12566:
12559:
12554:
12547:
12542:
12534:
12528:
12524:
12517:
12510:
12505:
12486:
12479:
12472:
12464:
12458:
12454:
12446:
12438:
12432:
12428:
12421:
12406:
12402:
12396:
12394:
12377:
12371:
12360:
12354:
12335:
12332:. ICC. 2011.
12328:
12322:
12320:
12318:
12316:
12314:
12312:
12303:
12297:
12293:
12286:
12271:
12267:
12261:
12245:
12241:
12235:
12227:
12223:
12217:
12209:
12205:
12199:
12191:
12187:
12181:
12179:
12171:
12170:
12163:
12161:
12144:
12140:
12139:
12134:
12128:
12112:
12108:
12107:
12102:
12096:
12080:
12076:
12075:
12070:
12063:
12047:
12043:
12039:
12033:
12014:
12010:
12003:
11997:
11981:
11977:
11976:
11971:
11964:
11949:
11945:
11939:
11923:
11919:
11915:
11909:
11893:
11889:
11885:
11879:
11863:
11859:
11855:
11849:
11833:
11829:
11825:
11819:
11803:
11799:
11795:
11789:
11773:
11769:
11765:
11758:
11742:
11738:
11734:
11728:
11713:
11709:
11702:
11694:
11690:
11683:
11675:
11671:
11667:
11663:
11659:
11658:
11650:
11643:
11638:
11634:
11630:
11626:
11619:
11604:
11597:
11595:
11578:
11574:
11567:
11565:
11563:
11561:
11544:
11540:
11533:
11531:
11529:
11520:
11514:
11505:
11501:
11495:
11479:
11475:
11469:
11453:
11449:
11442:
11440:
11423:
11419:
11412:
11405:
11404:
11398:
11397:On Wikisource
11392:
11390:
11388:
11386:
11384:
11382:
11380:
11378:
11376:
11374:
11372:
11370:
11368:
11366:
11364:
11362:
11360:
11358:
11356:
11354:
11352:
11350:
11348:
11346:
11344:
11342:
11340:
11338:
11336:
11334:
11332:
11330:
11328:
11326:
11324:
11322:
11320:
11318:
11316:
11314:
11312:
11310:
11308:
11306:
11304:
11302:
11300:
11298:
11296:
11294:
11292:
11290:
11288:
11286:
11284:
11282:
11280:
11278:
11276:
11259:
11255:
11254:
11249:
11243:
11232:
11228:
11224:
11220:
11216:
11212:
11208:
11204:
11200:
11193:
11186:
11178:
11174:
11170:
11166:
11162:
11158:
11154:
11150:
11146:
11142:
11135:
11116:
11112:
11111:
11103:
11097:
11081:
11080:
11072:
11066:
11050:
11046:
11045:
11040:
11034:
11018:
11014:
11013:
11008:
11004:
10998:
10990:
10988:90-04-13818-8
10984:
10980:
10976:
10972:
10965:
10958:
10953:
10934:
10930:
10929:
10921:
10915:
10896:
10892:
10891:
10883:
10877:
10861:
10857:
10853:
10847:
10845:
10843:
10841:
10824:
10820:
10816:
10810:
10808:
10806:
10804:
10796:
10792:
10788:
10782:
10780:
10778:
10761:
10757:
10750:
10748:
10746:
10729:
10725:
10718:
10716:
10707:
10701:
10697:
10690:
10683:
10678:
10670:
10666:
10659:
10651:
10647:
10641:
10633:
10627:
10619:
10615:
10608:
10592:
10586:
10570:
10566:
10560:
10544:
10540:
10534:
10518:
10514:
10508:
10493:
10489:
10482:
10480:
10478:
10461:
10455:
10453:
10444:
10440:
10436:
10432:
10431:
10426:
10420:
10405:
10401:
10394:
10392:
10376:
10372:
10365:
10357:
10353:
10349:
10345:
10341:
10337:
10333:
10326:
10318:
10312:
10308:
10307:
10299:
10291:
10287:
10282:
10277:
10273:
10269:
10265:
10258:
10243:
10239:
10233:
10218:
10214:
10208:
10192:
10188:
10184:
10178:
10170:
10164:
10160:
10153:
10145:
10139:
10135:
10128:
10113:on 7 May 2019
10112:
10108:
10104:
10098:
10082:
10076:
10068:
10062:
10046:
10042:
10038:
10032:
10016:
10012:
10006:
9990:
9986:
9980:
9972:
9968:
9961:
9953:
9947:
9943:
9936:
9920:
9916:
9910:
9891:
9884:
9878:
9859:
9852:
9846:
9839:
9834:
9830:
9824:
9808:
9804:
9800:
9793:
9785:
9781:
9777:
9770:
9755:
9751:
9745:
9743:
9727:
9723:
9717:
9715:
9695:
9688:
9682:
9674:
9668:
9664:
9657:
9649:
9643:
9639:
9635:
9631:
9630:
9622:
9606:
9602:
9596:
9594:
9577:
9573:
9569:
9563:
9555:
9551:
9547:
9543:
9539:
9535:
9531:
9527:
9523:
9516:
9500:
9496:
9490:
9474:
9470:
9466:
9459:
9457:
9440:
9436:
9430:
9428:
9412:
9408:
9404:
9400:
9396:
9389:
9381:
9377:
9373:
9369:
9365:
9361:
9357:
9350:
9342:
9336:
9332:
9325:
9317:
9311:
9307:
9306:
9298:
9290:
9286:
9282:
9278:
9274:
9270:
9266:
9262:
9258:
9254:
9250:
9244:
9228:
9221:
9219:
9210:
9206:
9202:
9198:
9193:
9188:
9184:
9180:
9176:
9169:
9154:
9150:
9144:
9135:
9128:
9116:
9112:
9106:
9102:
9092:
9089:
9087:
9084:
9082:
9079:
9077:
9074:
9071:
9068:
9066:
9063:
9061:
9058:
9056:
9053:
9051:
9048:
9047:
9041:
9039:
9035:
9031:
9026:
9024:
9020:
9015:
9005:
9001:
8998:
8993:
8991:
8986:
8975:
8966:
8957:
8953:
8944:
8935:
8933:
8929:
8925:
8921:
8917:
8913:
8909:
8905:
8901:
8896:
8894:
8893:
8887:
8877:
8875:
8871:
8867:
8863:
8859:
8855:
8851:
8848:over alleged
8847:
8843:
8838:
8836:
8831:
8829:
8824:
8819:
8817:
8813:
8809:
8805:
8801:
8797:
8793:
8789:
8786:
8781:
8778:
8772:
8770:
8766:
8762:
8758:
8754:
8750:
8746:
8742:
8738:
8733:
8728:
8726:
8722:
8718:
8714:
8710:
8707:
8702:
8694:
8689:
8683:United States
8680:
8676:
8674:
8670:
8665:
8663:
8662:Sergei Lavrov
8659:
8655:
8650:
8649:Naledi Pandor
8645:
8643:
8639:
8635:
8631:
8628:
8624:
8620:
8616:
8615:Dmitry Peskov
8608:
8607:Sergei Lavrov
8604:
8600:
8595:
8590:
8580:
8577:
8574:
8570:
8566:
8556:
8554:
8550:
8546:
8542:
8537:
8536:
8526:
8524:
8519:
8515:
8511:
8507:
8502:
8497:
8495:
8490:
8485:
8479:
8469:
8467:
8463:
8459:
8454:
8453:Simone Gbagbo
8450:
8446:
8442:
8438:
8434:
8430:
8426:
8422:
8418:
8414:
8410:
8404:
8402:
8401:African Union
8398:
8394:
8389:
8387:
8383:
8377:
8375:
8367:
8362:
8352:
8349:
8341:
8330:
8327:
8323:
8320:
8316:
8313:
8309:
8306:
8302:
8299: β
8298:
8294:
8293:Find sources:
8287:
8283:
8277:
8276:
8271:This section
8269:
8265:
8260:
8259:
8251:
8248:
8244:
8240:
8236:
8232:
8228:
8213:
8209:
8205:
8201:
8199:
8193:
8186:
8183:
8180:
8179:
8178:
8175:
8173:
8169:
8165:
8161:
8157:
8153:
8149:
8145:
8141:
8137:
8133:
8128:
8123:
8119:
8117:
8106:
8102:
8100:
8096:
8088:
8085:referred the
8084:
8079:
8068:Relationships
8059:
8053:
8051:
8049:
8047:
8039:
8033:
8024:
8015:
8006:
8002:
7999:
7998:
7989:
7987:
7985:
7983:
7981:
7978:
7975:
7972:
7969:
7967:
7964:
7963:
7957:
7955:
7953:
7951:
7949:
7946:
7943:
7940:
7937:
7930:
7929:Sergei Shoigu
7927:
7926:
7922:
7920:
7918:
7916:
7914:
7911:
7908:
7905:
7902:
7900:
7897:
7896:
7890:
7888:
7886:
7884:
7882:
7879:
7876:
7873:
7870:
7863:
7860:
7859:
7855:
7853:
7851:
7849:
7847:
7844:
7841:
7838:
7835:
7833:
7830:
7829:
7823:
7821:
7819:
7817:
7815:
7812:
7809:
7806:
7803:
7800:17 March 2023
7796:
7793:
7790:
7784:
7779:
7775:
7769:
7764:
7758:
7755:
7754:
7748:
7744:
7741:
7740:
7734:
7729:
7724:
7721:
7720:
7714:
7709:
7704:
7701:
7700:
7694:
7690:
7686:
7683:
7682:
7676:
7672:
7669:
7668:
7664:
7662:
7660:
7658:
7656:
7653:
7650:
7647:
7644:
7642:
7639:
7638:
7634:
7632:
7630:
7628:
7626:
7623:
7620:
7617:
7614:
7611:
7610:
7604:
7602:
7600:
7598:
7596:
7593:
7590:
7587:
7584:
7577:
7574:
7571:
7566:
7562:
7556:
7554:
7552:
7550:
7548:
7545:
7542:
7539:
7536:
7531:
7529:
7526:
7525:
7522:
7519:
7517:
7515:
7510:
7502:
7497:
7490:
7486:
7483:
7480:
7477:
7474:
7469:
7467:
7464:
7463:
7460:
7457:
7454:
7449:
7445:
7442:22 March 2022
7438:
7437:14 March 2022
7434:
7431:
7428:
7425:
7422:
7417:
7415:
7412:
7411:
7408:
7401:
7397:
7394:
7391:
7388:
7385:
7380:
7378:
7375:
7374:
7366:
7364:
7350:
7344:
7333:
7329:
7326:
7323:
7320:
7317:
7312:
7310:
7307:
7304:
7300:
7294:
7292:
7290:
7288:
7286:
7283:
7280:
7277:
7274:
7269:
7267:
7266:Iyad Ag Ghaly
7264:
7263:
7257:
7255:
7245:
7240:
7231:
7227:
7220:
7219:31 March 2018
7216:
7213:
7210:
7207:
7204:
7201:27 March 2018
7199:
7197:
7194:
7193:
7187:
7183:
7179:
7177:
7169:
7164:
7161:24 March 2016
7155:
7151:
7144:
7140:
7137:
7134:
7131:
7128:
7123:
7121:
7118:
7115:
7110:
7106:
7100:
7097:
7095:
7093:
7091:
7089:
7086:
7083:
7080:
7077:
7072:
7070:
7069:Simone Gbagbo
7067:
7066:
7057:
7048:
7045:27 March 2014
7042:
7037:
7034:
7031:
7028:
7025:
7020:
7018:
7015:
7014:
7009:
7002:31 March 2021
6992:
6988:
6982:
6969:
6964:
6958:
6953:
6950:
6947:
6944:
6941:
6936:
6934:
6931:
6929:
6925:
6920:due to death
6919:
6916:
6911:
6908:
6905:
6902:
6891:
6888:
6887:
6882:due to death
6881:
6878:
6873:
6870:
6867:
6864:
6861:18 April 2013
6857:
6854:
6853:
6849:
6846:
6841:
6838:
6835:
6832:
6830:
6827:
6826:
6822:
6820:
6818:
6816:
6814:
6811:
6808:
6805:
6802:
6800:
6797:
6796:
6791:
6787:
6784:
6779:
6776:
6773:
6770:
6763:
6760:
6757:
6752:
6748:
6745:
6742:
6740:
6738:
6736:
6734:
6731:
6728:
6725:
6722:
6719:
6718:
6715:
6713:due to death
6712:
6709:
6707:
6705:
6696:
6690:
6684:
6679:
6676:
6673:
6670:
6667:
6664:10 March 2015
6660:
6657:
6656:
6650:
6648:
6646:
6644:
6642:
6639:
6636:
6633:
6630:
6627:2 August 2013
6625:
6622:
6621:
6617:
6614:
6607:
6603:
6594:
6591:
6588:
6585:
6582:
6580:
6577:
6576:
6570:
6567:
6564:
6561:
6559:
6556:
6555:
6549:
6537:
6520:
6517:
6514:
6511:
6502:
6499:
6498:
6494:
6491:
6484:
6480:
6475:
6472:
6469:
6466:
6463:
6461:
6458:
6457:
6454:
6451:
6448:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6437:
6436:
6430:
6425:
6422:
6417:
6401:
6388:
6385:
6382:
6379:
6370:
6367:
6364:
6359:
6355:
6352:
6349:
6347:
6345:
6343:
6341:
6338:
6335:
6332:
6329:
6324:
6322:
6319:
6318:
6315:due to death
6314:
6306:
6303:
6300:
6297:
6288:
6285:
6284:
6276:
6267:
6254:
6251:
6248:
6245:
6230:
6227:
6226:
6223:
6220:
6217:
6209:
6205:
6200:
6195:
6192:
6189:
6186:
6183:
6176:
6174:
6171:
6170:
6167:
6164:
6162:
6160:
6158:
6156:
6153:
6150:
6147:
6144:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6129:
6123:
6121:
6116:
6108:
6103:
6097:
6092:
6089:
6086:
6083:
6080:
6078:
6075:
6074:
6066:
6064:
6062:
6060:
6057:
6054:
6051:
6048:
6045:27 April 2007
6041:
6038:
6035:
6030:
6029:Darfur, Sudan
6026:
6023:
6019:
6012:20 March 2014
6009:
6007:18 March 2014
6004:
6001:
5998:
5995:
5992:
5989:
5988:
5985:
5981:
5971:
5966:
5963:
5960:
5957:
5954:
5951:
5950:
5947:
5943:
5936:
5933:
5930:
5927:
5924:
5923:
5920:
5910:
5902:
5899:
5896:
5893:
5890:
5889:
5884:
5880:
5854:22 March 2017
5843:
5826:
5817:
5812:
5809:
5806:
5803:
5800:
5794:
5791:
5789:
5785:
5779:
5775:
5770:
5761:21 March 2016
5756:
5747:
5740:
5735:
5729:
5724:
5721:
5718:
5715:
5712:
5703:
5701:
5696:
5692:
5686:
5682:
5674:
5669:
5655:
5653:12 March 2020
5649:
5644:
5641:23 March 2016
5636:
5631:
5625:
5620:
5617:
5614:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5602:
5599:due to death
5598:
5595:
5590:
5587:
5584:
5581:
5579:
5576:
5575:
5572:due to death
5571:
5568:
5563:
5560:
5557:
5554:
5552:
5549:
5548:
5545:due to death
5544:
5541:
5536:
5533:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5521:
5515:
5513:
5511:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5501:
5498:
5495:
5488:
5485:
5482:
5477:
5473:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5463:
5461:
5459:
5456:
5453:
5450:
5447:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5436:
5433:
5430:
5427:
5420:
5416:
5411:
5405:
5400:
5397:
5394:
5391:
5388:
5383:
5381:
5378:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5368:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5347:
5338:
5332:
5327:
5324:
5321:
5318:
5315:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5304:
5301:
5294:
5290:
5286:
5283:
5271:
5262:
5255:
5244:
5239:
5236:
5233:
5230:
5227:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5216:
5213:
5210:
5206:
5203:30 March 2021
5199:
5187:
5181:
5176:
5168:
5163:
5159:
5158:22 March 2013
5156:
5153:
5150:
5147:
5144:
5135:
5133:
5130:
5129:
5126:
5123:
5119:
5115:
5107:
5102:
5094:14 March 2012
5089:
5083:
5079:
5072:
5067:
5064:20 March 2006
5061:
5059:17 March 2006
5056:
5053:
5050:
5047:
5044:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5031:
5026:
5022:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4998:
4997:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4981:
4975:
4972:
4966:
4963:
4956:
4953:
4947:
4941:
4940:
4932:
4928:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4910:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4900:
4899:
4896:
4893:
4891:
4889:
4888:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4878:
4877:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4867:
4866:
4862:
4859:
4856:
4853:
4852:
4838:
4829:
4819:
4810:
4801:
4792:
4783:
4774:
4765:
4756:
4752:
4749:
4748:
4737:
4734:
4731:
4728:
4725:
4722:
4719:
4716:
4713:
4709:
4706:
4703:
4700:
4697:
4694:
4691:
4688:
4685:
4682:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4666:
4663:
4660:
4657:
4654:
4651:
4648:
4645:
4642:
4639:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4627:
4624:
4621:
4618:
4615:
4612:
4609:
4606:
4603:
4600:
4597:
4594:
4591:
4590:
4587:
4584:
4581:
4578:
4575:
4572:
4569:
4566:
4563:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4551:
4548:
4545:
4542:
4539:
4536:
4533:
4530:
4527:
4524:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4512:
4509:
4506:
4503:
4500:
4497:
4494:
4491:
4488:
4485:
4482:
4479:
4476:
4475:
4472:
4469:
4466:
4463:
4460:
4457:
4454:
4451:
4448:
4445:
4442:
4439:
4438:
4435:
4432:
4429:
4426:
4423:
4420:
4417:
4414:
4411:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4395:
4381:
4378:
4375:
4368:
4365:
4362:
4359:
4352:
4349:
4342:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4327:
4324:
4317:
4314:
4311:
4308:
4305:
4298:
4295:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4279:
4276:
4273:
4270:
4263:
4260:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4246:
4243:
4240:
4239:
4236:
4233:
4230:
4227:
4220:
4213:
4210:
4207:
4204:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4188:
4185:
4182:
4179:
4172:
4169:
4162:
4159:
4156:
4153:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4137:
4123:
4120:
4117:
4110:
4107:
4100:
4097:
4090:
4083:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4070:Darfur, Sudan
4067:
4064:
4061:
4054:
4047:
4044:
4041:
4038:
4035:
4032:
4029:
4026:
4023:
4022:
4019:
4016:
4009:
4006:
4003:
3996:
3993:
3990:
3987:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3971:
3968:
3965:
3958:
3951:
3948:
3945:
3942:
3939:
3936:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3913:
3911:
3909:
3907:
3905:
3903:
3901:
3899:
3898:
3894:
3891:
3888:
3885:
3882:
3879:
3876:
3873:
3872:
3848:
3830:
3828:
3818:
3808:
3798:
3789:
3780:
3771:
3761:
3757:
3754:
3750:
3744:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3720:
3711:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3695:
3692:
3691:
3685:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3669:
3667:Venezuela II
3666:
3665:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3646:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3616:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3606:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3587:
3584:
3581:
3580:
3571:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3555:
3552:
3551:
3545:
3540:
3537:25 April 2016
3535:
3532:
3529:
3526:
3525:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3489:
3484:
3481:25 April 2014
3479:
3474:
3472:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3462:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3438:
3435:
3434:
3425:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3409:
3406:
3405:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3375:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3345:
3336:
3333:
3328:
3325:
3322:
3317:
3316:
3310:
3307:
3302:
3299:
3296:
3293:
3292:
3283:
3280:
3275:
3272:
3269:
3266:
3265:
3256:
3253:
3248:
3245:
3242:
3239:
3238:
3229:
3226:
3221:
3218:
3215:
3212:
3211:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3183:
3177:
3174:31 March 2010
3172:
3167:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3155:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3118:
3115:
3110:
3107:
3104:
3101:
3100:
3091:
3088:
3083:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3071:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3052:31 March 2005
3050:
3047:
3045:
3044:Darfur, Sudan
3042:
3041:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3004:
3001:
2996:
2993:
2990:
2987:
2986:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2937:
2934:
2931:CΓ΄te d'Ivoire
2929:
2928:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2909:19 April 2004
2907:
2902:
2899:
2895:
2894:
2888:
2885:
2882:
2879:
2876:
2873:
2870:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2854:
2844:
2834:
2833:Investigation
2825:
2820:
2816:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2792:
2788:
2784:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2760:
2754:
2749:
2739:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2724:
2722:
2718:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2704:
2701:
2696:
2694:
2693:
2688:
2687:
2683:
2679:case and the
2675:
2673:
2668:
2667:
2662:
2659:
2654:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2640:
2637:
2632:
2625:
2621:
2616:
2610:Trial history
2607:
2603:
2594:
2591:
2587:
2583:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2480:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2448:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2432:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2416:
2402:
2391:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2373:
2366:Other offices
2363:
2361:
2356:
2354:
2350:
2343:
2333:
2331:
2322:
2309:
2307:
2301:
2297:
2296:
2293:
2284:
2280:
2278:
2273:
2264:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2233:
2231:
2221:
2217:
2214:
2211:
2207:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2189:
2186:December 2015
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2168:
2140:
2138:
2134:
2131:, Netherlands
2130:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2071:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2052:
2047:
2037:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1989:
1979:
1977:
1973:
1962:
1958:
1955:
1951:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1928:
1924:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1893:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1861:
1852:
1843:
1835:
1826:
1817:
1808:
1799:
1795:
1792:
1782:
1778:
1769:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1725:
1722:
1719:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1702:
1696:
1694:
1690:
1680:
1673:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1654:
1653:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1616:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:Extermination
1530:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1523:
1514:
1512:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1490:
1488:
1478:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1399:Silvana Arbia
1397:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1387:Bruno Cathala
1385:
1384:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1367:
1365:
1354:
1351:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1310:
1308:
1307:Islamic State
1303:
1298:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1283:
1281:
1277:
1268:
1265:
1261:
1258:
1257:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1210:
1206:
1201:
1191:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1176:
1173:
1165:
1161:
1156:
1146:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1125:
1123:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1101:
1099:
1095:
1090:
1087:
1086:United States
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1060:
1053:State parties
1050:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1034:
1022:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1011:Mohammed Deif
1008:
1004:
1000:
995:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
968:
964:
960:
957:
953:
949:
944:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
896:
892:
884:
880:
875:
871:
869:
864:
859:
857:
853:
849:
845:
835:
829:
826:
823:
820:
819:
818:
810:
808:
804:
800:
796:
791:
789:
785:
780:
778:
773:
770:
767:
764:
761:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
730:
728:
724:
720:
719:New York City
716:
711:
707:
703:
701:
697:
693:
692:Yugoslav Wars
689:
685:
681:
676:
674:
670:
666:
656:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
587:
582:
581:allied powers
578:
573:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
536:
527:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
500:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
467:to prosecute
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
428:
424:
419:
415:
411:
405:
401:
396:
389:
385:
382:Establishment
380:
376:
373:
370:
367:
361:
358:
355:
352:
346:
343:
340:
337:
331:
328:
325:
322:
316:
313:
310:
307:
301:
297:
292:
288:
286:
285:Member states
282:
276:
273:
271:
268:
266:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
247:
240:
238:
234:
228:
225:
223:
220:
219:
217:
215:
211:
208:, Netherlands
207:
204:
200:
164:
159:
154:
149:Official logo
145:
138:
125:
121:
118:
114:
106:
103:
99:
91:
88:
84:
76:
73:
69:
65:
61:
58:
54:
51:
50:
46:
33:
30:
26:
22:
20500:Multilateral
20430:Isolationism
20383:Expansionism
20226:
20051:
19719:
19703:institutions
19663:institutions
19656:human rights
19551:
19434:Rome Statute
19100:(elections:
19053:Organisation
18996:
18874:Rome Statute
18852:
18773:. Retrieved
18768:
18744:. Retrieved
18737:
18728:
18716:. Retrieved
18712:
18702:
18683:
18671:. Retrieved
18666:
18662:
18652:
18640:. Retrieved
18636:
18590:
18586:
18576:
18566:29 September
18564:. Retrieved
18552:
18542:
18532:30 September
18530:. Retrieved
18526:
18517:
18500:
18488:. Retrieved
18474:
18449:
18445:
18439:
18427:. Retrieved
18410:
18388:
18382:
18349:
18345:
18335:
18307:
18300:
18290:16 September
18288:. Retrieved
18284:the original
18279:
18269:
18254:
18244:10 September
18242:. Retrieved
18223:
18211:. Retrieved
18207:The Guardian
18205:
18195:
18187:the original
18176:
18167:
18157:
18148:
18139:
18130:
18121:
18110:
18101:
18090:
18081:
18072:
18063:
18051:. Retrieved
18041:
18032:The Guardian
18030:
18020:
18008:. Retrieved
18003:The Guardian
18001:
17992:
17980:. Retrieved
17968:
17958:
17946:. Retrieved
17936:
17924:. Retrieved
17913:
17901:. Retrieved
17897:The Guardian
17895:
17885:
17873:. Retrieved
17869:
17860:
17848:. Retrieved
17832:Toronto Star
17830:
17820:
17808:. Retrieved
17798:
17786:. Retrieved
17768:
17760:the original
17753:
17743:
17731:. Retrieved
17727:
17717:
17709:
17702:. Retrieved
17688:
17679:
17670:
17656:
17644:. Retrieved
17639:
17630:
17621:
17611:
17602:
17593:
17579:
17570:
17561:
17549:. Retrieved
17543:
17518:. Retrieved
17514:
17505:
17493:. Retrieved
17490:The Guardian
17489:
17464:. Retrieved
17456:Business Day
17455:
17446:
17434:. Retrieved
17428:. Primedia.
17425:
17416:
17404:. Retrieved
17395:
17386:
17374:. Retrieved
17365:
17356:
17344:. Retrieved
17335:
17325:
17313:. Retrieved
17304:
17294:
17282:. Retrieved
17267:
17255:. Retrieved
17241:
17229:. Retrieved
17211:
17199:. Retrieved
17185:
17173:. Retrieved
17159:
17147:. Retrieved
17133:
17121:. Retrieved
17110:
17100:
17088:. Retrieved
17079:
17069:
17060:
17051:
17032:
17026:
17014:. Retrieved
17003:
16991:. Retrieved
16976:
16968:the original
16958:
16946:. Retrieved
16941:
16932:
16920:. Retrieved
16911:
16901:
16889:. Retrieved
16869:
16862:
16850:. Retrieved
16845:
16836:
16824:. Retrieved
16810:
16791:
16785:
16773:. Retrieved
16769:the original
16762:
16752:
16740:. Retrieved
16731:
16721:
16709:. Retrieved
16698:
16688:
16677:, retrieved
16655:
16645:
16619:. Retrieved
16597:
16546:. Retrieved
16533:
16521:. Retrieved
16514:the original
16501:
16489:. Retrieved
16482:the original
16469:
16442:. Retrieved
16416:. Retrieved
16409:the original
16396:
16384:
16372:
16360:
16348:
16336:
16324:. Retrieved
16314:
16313:
16304:
16292:
16280:
16268:
16256:
16244:
16232:
16220:
16208:
16196:
16184:
16172:
16160:
16148:
16136:
16124:
16112:
16100:
16088:
16076:
16064:
16052:
16040:
16028:
16016:
16004:
15992:
15980:
15968:
15956:
15944:
15935:
15925:
15919:
15907:
15888:
15876:
15864:
15852:
15840:. Retrieved
15829:
15820:
15808:
15796:
15784:
15772:
15760:
15748:
15736:
15722:
15710:
15698:
15686:
15674:. Retrieved
15664:
15652:. Retrieved
15642:
15641:"ICC-01/23:
15635:
15623:. Retrieved
15610:
15598:. Retrieved
15588:
15576:. Retrieved
15566:
15554:. Retrieved
15544:
15532:. Retrieved
15507:. Retrieved
15497:
15485:. Retrieved
15475:
15463:. Retrieved
15450:
15438:. Retrieved
15428:
15416:. Retrieved
15406:
15394:. Retrieved
15384:
15372:. Retrieved
15362:
15350:. Retrieved
15340:
15328:. Retrieved
15318:
15306:. Retrieved
15296:
15284:. Retrieved
15274:
15273:"ICC-01/13:
15267:
15255:. Retrieved
15230:. Retrieved
15220:
15208:. Retrieved
15198:
15186:. Retrieved
15176:
15164:. Retrieved
15151:
15139:. Retrieved
15129:
15117:. Retrieved
15103:
15091:. Retrieved
15081:
15069:. Retrieved
15037:. Retrieved
15027:
15015:. Retrieved
15005:
14993:. Retrieved
14983:
14964:
14958:
14946:. Retrieved
14933:
14921:. Retrieved
14911:
14899:. Retrieved
14889:
14877:. Retrieved
14867:
14855:. Retrieved
14845:
14833:. Retrieved
14820:
14808:. Retrieved
14798:
14786:. Retrieved
14776:
14764:. Retrieved
14751:
14739:. Retrieved
14726:
14714:. Retrieved
14704:
14692:. Retrieved
14682:
14670:. Retrieved
14660:
14648:. Retrieved
14623:. Retrieved
14613:
14601:. Retrieved
14591:
14579:. Retrieved
14569:
14557:. Retrieved
14544:
14532:. Retrieved
14522:
14510:. Retrieved
14500:
14488:. Retrieved
14478:
14466:. Retrieved
14456:
14455:"ICC-02/11:
14449:
14437:. Retrieved
14427:
14415:. Retrieved
14405:
14393:. Retrieved
14383:
14371:. Retrieved
14358:
14346:. Retrieved
14333:
14321:. Retrieved
14308:
14298:30 September
14296:. Retrieved
14286:
14274:. Retrieved
14245:. Retrieved
14231:
14219:. Retrieved
14214:
14205:
14193:. Retrieved
14189:
14179:
14167:. Retrieved
14163:
14154:
14142:. Retrieved
14126:The Guardian
14125:
14115:
14103:. Retrieved
14086:
14076:
14064:. Retrieved
14060:
14051:
14042:
14033:
14021:. Retrieved
14017:
14008:
13999:
13989:
13980:The Guardian
13978:
13969:
13950:
13944:
13933:
13923:
13911:. Retrieved
13897:
13888:
13879:
13865:
13851:
13839:. Retrieved
13829:
13807:
13795:. Retrieved
13783:
13756:. Retrieved
13749:the original
13744:
13730:
13726:
13714:. Retrieved
13707:the original
13702:
13690:
13682:
13675:. Retrieved
13668:the original
13663:
13631:
13605:. Retrieved
13565:. Retrieved
13554:
13542:. Retrieved
13535:the original
13522:
13510:. Retrieved
13506:the original
13480:. Retrieved
13476:
13466:
13454:. Retrieved
13434:
13422:. Retrieved
13408:
13396:. Retrieved
13382:
13370:. Retrieved
13366:
13357:
13345:. Retrieved
13341:the original
13331:
13319:. Retrieved
13315:the original
13305:
13293:. Retrieved
13289:the original
13279:
13259:
13236:
13230:
13217:. Retrieved
13213:the original
13198:
13186:. Retrieved
13182:the original
13178:Radio Prague
13167:
13159:the original
13152:
13142:
13134:the original
13127:
13117:
13109:
13078:
13074:
13065:the original
13055:
13046:"UN Charter"
13040:
13028:. Retrieved
13010:
12980:. Retrieved
12973:the original
12966:
12960:"Article 34"
12954:
12928:. Retrieved
12917:
12893:
12883:26 September
12881:. Retrieved
12861:
12854:
12834:
12809:
12801:the original
12794:
12784:
12758:. Retrieved
12747:
12735:. Retrieved
12731:the original
12705:the original
12694:
12682:. Retrieved
12678:the original
12668:
12656:. Retrieved
12637:
12625:. Retrieved
12621:the original
12610:
12601:
12594:Schabas 2011
12589:
12582:Schabas 2011
12577:
12570:Schabas 2011
12565:
12558:Schabas 2011
12553:
12546:Schabas 2011
12541:
12522:
12516:
12509:Schabas 2011
12504:
12492:. Retrieved
12471:
12453:Organization
12451:
12445:
12426:
12420:
12408:. Retrieved
12404:
12380:. Retrieved
12370:
12353:
12343:28 September
12341:. Retrieved
12291:
12285:
12273:. Retrieved
12269:
12260:
12248:. Retrieved
12234:
12226:the original
12216:
12208:the original
12198:
12190:the original
12169:The Registry
12168:
12147:. Retrieved
12136:
12127:
12115:. Retrieved
12104:
12095:
12083:. Retrieved
12074:The Guardian
12072:
12062:
12050:. Retrieved
12041:
12032:
12022:20 September
12020:. Retrieved
12008:
11996:
11986:20 September
11984:. Retrieved
11975:The Guardian
11973:
11963:
11951:. Retrieved
11947:
11938:
11926:. Retrieved
11917:
11908:
11896:. Retrieved
11887:
11878:
11866:. Retrieved
11857:
11848:
11836:. Retrieved
11827:
11818:
11806:. Retrieved
11797:
11788:
11776:. Retrieved
11767:
11757:
11745:. Retrieved
11736:
11727:
11715:. Retrieved
11711:
11701:
11693:the original
11682:
11655:
11649:
11640:
11628:
11624:
11618:
11606:. Retrieved
11581:. Retrieved
11577:the original
11547:. Retrieved
11543:the original
11513:
11504:the original
11494:
11482:. Retrieved
11468:
11456:. Retrieved
11426:. Retrieved
11422:the original
11411:
11403:legal.un.org
11402:
11262:. Retrieved
11252:
11251:
11242:
11231:the original
11202:
11198:
11185:
11177:the original
11148:
11144:
11134:
11122:. Retrieved
11108:
11096:
11084:. Retrieved
11077:
11065:
11053:. Retrieved
11042:
11033:
11021:. Retrieved
11010:
10997:
10974:
10964:
10952:
10940:. Retrieved
10926:
10914:
10902:. Retrieved
10888:
10876:
10864:. Retrieved
10855:
10827:. Retrieved
10823:the original
10818:
10795:Cook Islands
10764:. Retrieved
10760:the original
10732:. Retrieved
10728:the original
10695:
10689:
10682:Schabas 2011
10677:
10669:The Guardian
10668:
10658:
10649:
10640:
10626:
10617:
10607:
10595:. Retrieved
10585:
10575:25 September
10573:. Retrieved
10568:
10559:
10549:25 September
10547:. Retrieved
10542:
10533:
10523:25 September
10521:. Retrieved
10516:
10507:
10495:. Retrieved
10491:
10464:. Retrieved
10443:the original
10429:
10419:
10407:. Retrieved
10403:
10378:. Retrieved
10374:
10364:
10342:(4): 61β83.
10339:
10335:
10325:
10305:
10298:
10271:
10267:
10257:
10245:. Retrieved
10241:
10232:
10220:. Retrieved
10216:
10207:
10195:. Retrieved
10191:the original
10186:
10177:
10158:
10152:
10133:
10127:
10115:. Retrieved
10111:the original
10106:
10097:
10085:. Retrieved
10075:
10061:
10051:29 September
10049:. Retrieved
10040:
10031:
10019:. Retrieved
10015:the original
10005:
9995:30 September
9993:. Retrieved
9989:the original
9979:
9971:the original
9960:
9941:
9935:
9923:. Retrieved
9919:the original
9909:
9897:. Retrieved
9890:the original
9877:
9865:. Retrieved
9858:the original
9845:
9836:
9823:
9811:. Retrieved
9807:the original
9792:
9783:
9779:
9769:
9757:. Retrieved
9753:
9729:. Retrieved
9726:legal.un.org
9725:
9701:. Retrieved
9694:the original
9681:
9662:
9656:
9628:
9621:
9609:. Retrieved
9580:. Retrieved
9576:the original
9571:
9562:
9529:
9525:
9515:
9503:. Retrieved
9499:the original
9489:
9477:. Retrieved
9473:the original
9443:. Retrieved
9439:the original
9414:. Retrieved
9402:
9398:
9388:
9363:
9359:
9349:
9330:
9324:
9304:
9297:
9256:
9252:
9243:
9231:. Retrieved
9229:. Al Jazeera
9225:Allo, Awol.
9182:
9178:
9168:
9156:. Retrieved
9152:
9143:
9134:
9126:
9119:. Retrieved
9115:the original
9105:
9027:
9014:corporations
9011:
9002:
8994:
8981:
8972:
8963:
8954:
8950:
8947:Impartiality
8941:
8924:human rights
8897:
8890:
8883:
8839:
8832:
8820:
8804:Andrea Gacki
8796:William Barr
8782:
8777:William Barr
8773:
8769:Rome Statute
8729:
8721:Barack Obama
8716:
8704:
8677:
8666:
8646:
8632:
8612:
8562:
8543:of the ICC,
8535:The Guardian
8533:
8532:
8514:Yahya Jammeh
8508:. Following
8498:
8481:
8429:Saudi Arabia
8417:South Africa
8405:
8393:William Ruto
8390:
8386:Eurocentrism
8378:
8371:
8366:William Ruto
8344:
8335:
8325:
8318:
8311:
8304:
8292:
8280:Please help
8275:verification
8272:
8243:Yahya Jammeh
8231:South Africa
8224:
8210:
8206:
8202:
8194:
8190:
8176:
8124:
8120:
8114:shared with
8112:
8103:
8092:
8058:Rome Statute
8037:
8032:
8023:
8014:
8005:
7996:
7995:
7934:24 June 2024
7867:5 March 2024
7581:24 June 2022
7511:
7498:
7488:
7455:
7447:
7436:
7414:Maxime Mokom
7399:
7360:
7348:
7342:
7331:
7271:18 July 2017
7250:26 June 2024
7241:
7229:
7224:4 April 2018
7218:
7185:
7181:
7165:
7154:1 March 2016
7153:
7142:
7098:
7049:
7038:
7007:
6990:
6984:
6978:
6974:12 June 2014
6965:
6954:
6917:
6879:
6847:
6785:
6767:27 June 2011
6710:
6703:27 June 2022
6697:
6693:15 July 2021
6680:
6659:Paul Gicheru
6615:
6605:
6597:21 September
6595:
6547:
6531:21 September
6529:
6525:8 April 2011
6506:8 March 2011
6492:
6482:
6476:
6460:Henry Kosgey
6428:
6420:
6415:5 April 2016
6409:
6397:
6393:7 April 2011
6374:8 March 2011
6369:William Ruto
6326:1 March 2012
6312:
6271:7 March 2011
6263:
6259:17 June 2010
6218:
6207:
6201:
6141:12 July 2010
6137:4 March 2009
6117:
6104:
6100:15 June 2020
6093:
6021:
6017:
6005:
5983:
5979:
5967:
5945:
5941:
5918:
5906:
5882:
5878:
5867:8 March 2018
5835:
5824:
5813:
5787:
5777:
5771:
5767:21 June 2016
5748:
5744:15 June 2009
5736:
5725:
5709:10 June 2008
5684:
5670:
5651:
5645:
5632:
5621:
5596:
5569:
5542:
5444:13 July 2012
5428:
5418:
5412:
5401:
5370:
5357:
5349:
5339:
5328:
5292:
5288:
5275:7 March 2014
5263:
5251:
5240:
5208:
5183:
5177:
5164:
5157:
5141:13 July 2012
5121:
5117:
5103:
5099:10 July 2012
5087:
5081:
5068:
5057:
4992:
4987:
4979:
4978:
4970:
4969:
4961:
4960:
4951:
4950:
4945:
4935:
4930:
4837:
4828:
4818:
4809:
4800:
4791:
4782:
4773:
4764:
4755:
4746:
4745:
4592:Philippines
4150:Barasa, Bett
3817:
3807:
3797:
3788:
3779:
3770:
3760:
3752:
3738:15 June 2023
3614:
3582:Philippines
3516:3 March 2021
3486:2 March 2022
3476:2 March 2022
3470:
3391:18 July 2012
3386:18 July 2012
3366:3 March 2011
3339:23 June 2014
3232:3 April 2012
3146:5 March 2020
3057:1 April 2005
2998:30 June 2004
2977:29 July 2004
2919:23 June 2004
2914:16 July 2003
2877:Referred on
2874:Referred by
2862:
2852:
2842:
2832:
2823:
2780:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2758:
2725:
2714:
2697:
2690:
2680:
2670:
2664:
2663:
2655:
2641:
2633:
2629:
2604:
2600:
2592:148,725,784
2369:
2357:
2349:Scheveningen
2345:
2327:
2290:
2287:Architecture
2281:
2274:
2270:
2260:
2237:Peace Palace
2234:
2227:
2209:Architect(s)
2079:Headquarters
2055:
2043:
2033:
2014:
1992:Rome Statute
1985:
1968:
1959:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1925:
1921:speedy trial
1910:
1890:
1872:
1858:
1849:
1841:
1832:
1825:of justice.
1823:
1814:
1805:
1796:
1788:
1779:
1775:
1766:
1723:of territory
1717:of territory
1697:
1688:
1686:
1677:
1651:
1613:
1605:
1520:
1508:
1484:
1474:
1470:
1451:
1439:2023βpresent
1360:
1352:
1348:
1320:
1316:
1313:Policy Paper
1299:
1284:
1272:
1254:
1246:
1207:
1203:
1180:Tomoko Akane
1177:
1169:
1144:
1136:
1133:
1126:
1119:
1107:
1091:
1062:
1047:
1033:proprio motu
1032:
1028:
1007:Yahya Sinwar
1003:Yoav Gallant
996:
945:
927:, President
915:, President
899:
888:
860:
844:Rome Statute
841:
833:
816:
813:Organization
792:
781:
774:
771:
768:
765:
762:
731:
712:
708:
704:
683:
677:
662:
652:
644:
623:
584:
574:
546:
520:Eurocentrism
512:human rights
504:Rome Statute
501:
465:jurisdiction
444:
440:
436:
434:
422:
402:17 July 1998
395:Rome Statute
312:Tomoko Akane
44:
29:
20596:Geopolitics
20475:Sovereignty
20455:Imperialism
20368:Colonialism
20353:Appeasement
20268:Warsaw Pact
19274:Individuals
19232:Philippines
19192:Afghanistan
18860:Legal texts
17982:7 September
17284:23 November
16993:16 December
16548:23 November
16523:23 November
16444:10 February
15625:17 December
15600:17 December
15578:17 December
15556:17 December
15534:17 December
15509:17 December
15487:17 December
15465:17 December
15440:17 December
15418:17 December
15396:17 December
15374:17 November
15352:17 December
15330:17 December
15308:17 December
15286:17 December
15257:17 December
15232:17 December
15210:17 December
15188:17 December
15166:17 December
15141:17 December
15119:17 December
15093:17 December
15071:17 December
15039:17 December
15017:17 December
14995:17 December
14948:17 December
14923:17 December
14901:17 December
14879:17 December
14857:28 November
14835:17 December
14810:17 December
14788:17 December
14766:17 December
14741:17 December
14716:17 December
14694:17 December
14672:17 December
14650:17 December
14625:17 December
14603:17 December
14581:17 December
14559:17 December
14512:17 December
14490:17 December
14468:17 December
14439:17 December
14417:17 December
14395:17 December
14373:17 December
14348:17 December
14323:17 December
14169:27 February
14018:icc-cpi.int
13544:30 December
13367:Icc-cpi.int
13347:19 February
13295:22 February
13219:31 December
13083:of America)
13069:Article 89.
13050:Article 25.
12737:23 November
12275:20 February
12270:icc-cpi.int
12042:Reuters.com
12009:Icc-cpi.int
11953:19 February
11948:icc-cpi.int
11918:Icc-cpi.int
11888:Icc-cpi.int
11858:Icc-cpi.int
11828:Icc-cpi.int
11798:Icc-cpi.int
11737:Icc-cpi.int
11717:14 February
10543:news.ORF.at
10187:icc-cpi.int
9479:31 December
9121:25 November
9086:Rule of law
9070:Legal Tools
9019:John Ruggie
8916:Palestinian
8812:gagged them
8788:Mike Pompeo
8761:John Bolton
8711:signed the
8565:Philippines
8559:Philippines
8553:Yossi Cohen
8374:imperialism
8093:Unlike the
7743:Philippines
7703:Afghanistan
7006:Acquitted;
6928:Ivory Coast
6899:4 July 2018
6439:Joshua Sang
6287:Saleh Jerbo
6197:18 May 2009
6112:9 July 2021
6095:9 June 2020
5841:2 June 2016
5786:Acquitted;
5782:8 June 2018
5732:4 July 2008
5727:3 July 2008
5705:23 May 2008
5492:8 July 2005
5369:Acquitted;
5345:23 May 2012
5312:6 July 2007
5280:23 May 2014
5269:23 May 2012
5224:2 July 2007
5191:8 July 2019
5173:9 June 2014
4937:Individuals
4630:Venezuela I
4515:Afghanistan
3895:Conviction
3733:23 May 2023
3609:Venezuela I
3506:22 May 2018
3443:30 May 2014
3419:14 May 2013
3414:14 May 2013
3319:South Korea
3130:Afghanistan
3062:6 June 2005
3032:22 May 2007
2811:Philippines
2783:Afghanistan
2581:41,350,083
2474:12,143,931
2458:12,566,339
2442:16,193,649
2426:24,311,100
2267:Development
2178:Autumn 2012
2162: /
2137:Coordinates
1976:reparations
1965:Reparations
1950:retributive
1887:bench trial
1756:mercenaries
1727:Bombardment
1583:Persecution
1535:Enslavement
1423:Peter Lewis
1129:prosecutors
1073:Philippines
933:Ivory Coast
905:Joseph Kony
641:rule of law
469:individuals
461:Netherlands
412:1 July 2002
244:6 languages
20636:Categories
20550:Liberalism
20495:Friendship
20480:Suzerainty
19498:Starvation
19257:Complaints
19163:Prosecutor
19093:Presidency
19039:War crimes
18878:amendments
18669:(2): 23β26
17875:2 December
17788:2 December
17366:Dispatches
17346:26 October
17315:26 October
17231:25 January
17221:Al Jazeera
17123:12 October
16775:27 October
16711:26 October
16679:2 December
16418:4 November
16326:5 February
15842:3 November
14534:2 December
14221:8 November
14195:8 November
14164:Al Jazeera
13913:4 November
13841:4 November
13758:30 October
13716:30 October
13677:30 October
13205:Kofi Annan
13188:11 January
13030:30 October
13019:: 87β110.
12982:30 October
12149:12 October
12117:12 October
12085:12 October
12052:12 October
11928:11 October
11898:11 October
11868:11 October
11838:11 October
11808:11 October
11778:11 October
11747:11 October
11539:"Chambers"
11264:7 December
11124:7 December
11086:7 December
11055:7 December
11023:7 December
10942:7 December
10904:28 October
10866:7 December
10439:Q117194521
10021:5 December
9899:2 February
9867:2 February
9813:4 December
9445:5 December
9416:2 December
9097:References
9091:War crimes
8912:sanctioned
8858:Gaza Strip
8810:order had
8699:See also:
8634:State Duma
8587:See also:
8541:Prosecutor
8484:Jacob Zuma
8308:newspapers
8118:activism.
8038:in italics
7685:Bangladesh
6691:confirmed
6539:confirmed
6509:(summons)
6421:terminated
6403:confirmed
6377:(summons)
6295:(summons)
6269:confirmed
6181:(summons)
6178:7 May 2009
6110:confirmed
5825:in writing
5742:confirmed
5666:6 May 2021
5278:sentenced
5273:convicted
5257:confirmed
5194:sentenced
5189:convicted
5097:sentenced
5092:convicted
5074:confirmed
4872:al-Hassan
4201:S. Gaddafi
3933:Mudacumura
3877:Pre-Trial
3850:Situation
3670:Venezuela
3613:Argentina
3502:Palestine
3213:Palestine
3102:Venezuela
2871:Situation
2770:Light red:
2736:Gaza Strip
2570:5,706,356
2554:5,876,461
2538:6,258,761
2522:7,269,812
2506:8,255,791
2490:8,793,501
2196:Floor area
2074:Facilities
1875:common law
1752:irregulars
1721:Annexation
1687:Article 8
1659:Mutilation
1602:War crimes
1463:war crimes
1381:Reference
1302:Karim Khan
1241:Urmas Paet
1172:Presidency
1149:Presidency
694:, and the
543:Background
485:war crimes
455:seated in
351:Prosecutor
23:(ICJ) and
20586:Diplomacy
20490:Bilateral
20388:Grey-zone
20341:Coalition
20300:1919β1939
20295:1814β1919
20290:1648β1814
19503:War crime
19286:Indictees
19281:Detainees
19247:Venezuela
19227:Palestine
19122:Nov. 2009
19117:Jan. 2009
19001:(Germany)
18993:(Ireland)
18615:152031365
18607:0922-1565
18466:144796686
18419:0190-8286
18374:147312685
18366:0022-0027
18213:8 January
18053:6 January
17977:0971-751X
17969:The Hindu
17845:0319-0781
17783:0028-7504
17726:. World.
17646:30 August
17305:USA Today
16948:12 August
16852:12 August
14134:0261-3077
14095:0362-4331
13797:11 August
12494:11 August
12250:17 August
11637:1753-2434
11608:1 January
11458:2 January
11428:2 January
11219:1478-1387
11165:1478-1387
10734:3 January
10356:0928-9569
10290:1572-9869
9546:0002-9300
9380:144313162
9289:246013323
9273:0002-9300
9209:236571212
9201:0922-1565
8928:West Bank
8874:The House
8866:sanctions
8835:Joe Biden
8802:director
8706:President
8640:wrote on
8573:President
8551:director
8338:June 2022
8168:the Hague
7757:Venezuela
7723:Palestine
7504:confirmed
7353:confirmed
7247:convicted
7234:confirmed
7158:confirmed
7059:confirmed
6991:acquitted
6971:confirmed
6606:dismissed
6483:dismissed
6237:(summons)
6208:dismissed
5851:sentenced
5845:convicted
5828:confirmed
5778:acquitted
5764:sentenced
5758:convicted
5663:sentenced
5657:convicted
5638:confirmed
5419:dismissed
5350:acquitted
5170:confirmed
4931:Situation
4823:evidence.
4554:Palestine
4331:al-Hassan
4302:al-Hassan
4114:Abu Garda
3498:Palestine
3267:Honduras
2988:Colombia
2815:Venezuela
2807:Palestine
2775:Dark red:
2686:BlΓ© GoudΓ©
2550:Australia
2230:The Hague
2219:Developer
2147:52Β°6β²20β³N
2129:The Hague
2112:Completed
1892:In camera
1879:civil law
1864:Procedure
1593:Apartheid
1513:of 1948.
1427:2018β2023
1415:2013β2018
1403:2008β2013
1391:2003β2008
1375:Registrar
1287:Argentina
1243:, in 2012
1122:The Hague
1044:Structure
838:Operation
599:Nuremberg
457:The Hague
366:Registrar
306:President
206:The Hague
20545:Feminism
20398:Idealism
20393:Hegemony
20346:Military
20331:Alliance
20324:Concepts
20310:Cold War
20192:Glossary
20077:Interpol
19471:Genocide
19184:Official
18981:(Canada)
18966:National
18553:ssrn.com
18484:Archived
18452:: 5β33.
18429:28 March
18423:Archived
18238:Archived
18131:NBC News
18073:BBC News
17850:26 April
17733:14 April
17704:14 April
17622:Politico
17571:VOA News
17551:18 March
17460:Archived
17430:Archived
17400:Archived
17370:Archived
17340:Archived
17309:Archived
17278:Archived
17251:Archived
17225:Archived
17201:28 April
17195:Archived
17175:28 April
17169:Archived
17149:28 April
17143:Archived
17117:Archived
17090:12 April
17084:Archived
17016:18 March
16987:Archived
16916:Archived
16912:BBC News
16885:Archived
16820:Archived
16742:20 March
16736:Archived
16705:Archived
16631:cite web
16621:28 April
16558:cite web
16454:cite web
16320:Archived
15836:Archived
14270:Archived
14241:Archived
14138:Archived
14099:Archived
14066:24 March
13907:Archived
13821:Archived
13817:CBS News
13788:Archived
13617:cite web
13577:cite web
13482:16 March
13456:22 March
13447:Archived
13418:Archived
13392:Archived
13372:16 March
13102:Archived
13021:Archived
12940:cite web
12906:Archived
12877:Archived
12823:Archived
12770:cite web
12652:Archived
12627:20 March
12485:Archived
12410:20 March
12382:20 March
12334:Archived
12244:Archived
12143:Archived
12111:Archived
12079:Archived
12046:Archived
12013:Archived
11980:Archived
11922:Archived
11892:Archived
11862:Archived
11832:Archived
11802:Archived
11772:Archived
11741:Archived
11674:20050228
11642:actors."
11478:Archived
11452:Archived
11258:Archived
11115:Archived
11049:Archived
11017:Archived
10933:Archived
10895:Archived
10860:Archived
10829:10 March
10650:BBC News
10517:Politico
10497:18 March
10492:BBC News
10466:18 March
10435:Wikidata
10409:18 March
10380:17 March
10247:16 March
10222:13 March
10197:13 March
10045:Archived
10041:BBC News
9925:20 March
9833:Archived
9605:Archived
9405:: 5β24.
9233:23 March
9158:16 March
9044:See also
8747:and the
8642:Telegram
8636:speaker
8609:(right).
8441:Ethiopia
8411:visited
8233:and the
8174:(FIDH).
4946:Indicted
4939:indicted
4894:Kushayb
4440:Burundi
4321:al-Mahdi
3696:Bolivia
3693:Bolivia
3527:Burundi
3469:Albania
3410:Comoros
3294:Nigeria
2762:Ukraine)
2666:Ntaganda
2407:Country
2376:Kinshasa
2303:Exterior
2245:Eurojust
2150:4Β°19β²4β³E
2125:Location
1901:subpoena
1736:Blockade
1691:defines
1481:Genocide
1455:genocide
1357:Registry
1104:Assembly
1077:ratified
1071:and the
954:and the
619:Cold War
487:and the
477:genocide
471:for the
447:) is an
20565:Realism
20555:Marxism
20418:Liberal
20336:Entente
20282:History
20210:Present
19381:Sources
19242:Ukraine
19207:Georgia
18876: (
18817:Twitter
18775:18 June
18746:18 June
18718:18 June
18694:2309162
18673:18 June
18642:18 June
18561:2719650
18490:25 July
18149:Reuters
18092:i24NEWS
18010:11 June
17948:21 June
17926:21 June
17903:5 March
17603:Reuters
17376:14 July
17336:npr.org
16922:21 June
16846:Reuters
15676:15 June
15654:15 June
14276:1 March
14268:. ICC.
14247:1 March
14239:. ICC.
14215:AP News
14190:Reuters
14023:4 March
13607:11 June
13567:11 June
13512:18 June
13267:at the
13129:Reuters
13015:(861).
12930:22 June
12842:at the
12760:22 June
11712:Reuters
11625:Monocle
11583:21 July
11549:21 June
10766:16 June
10597:5 March
10404:Reuters
10375:Reuters
9759:20 June
9731:20 June
9554:2198479
9505:1 March
9281:2187841
9034:ecocide
8997:Ossetia
8856:in the
8753:Taliban
8501:Burundi
8449:Western
8425:Nigeria
8322:scholar
8227:Burundi
7778:Ukraine
7689:Myanmar
7671:Burundi
7565:Georgia
6788:due to
4669:Ukraine
4398:Georgia
4224:Senussi
4166:Gicheru
4127:Kushayb
4094:Kushayb
3883:Appeal
3465:Ukraine
3240:Guinea
3186:Georgia
2963:Uganda
2890:Ref(s).
2765:Orange:
2707:Ugandan
2578:Others
2438:Germany
2394:Finance
2372:Kampala
2241:Europol
2046:amnesty
1915:beyond
1897:Hearsay
1838:Gravity
1665:Torture
1621:Torture
1548:Torture
1235:, with
1069:Burundi
982:of the
939:of the
852:charter
799:Kampala
727:Zutphen
635:at the
559:by the
530:History
423:Website
397:adopted
392:β’
364:β’
349:β’
334:β’
319:β’
304:β’
294:Leaders
275:Spanish
270:Russian
260:English
255:Chinese
222:English
117:Spanish
102:Russian
87:Chinese
20527:Theory
20485:Treaty
20373:Crisis
20023:
20005:
19903:Major
19797:bodies
19488:Piracy
19237:Uganda
19098:Judges
19022:Crimes
18692:
18613:
18605:
18559:
18464:
18417:
18372:
18364:
18325:
18315:
17975:
17843:
17781:
17520:8 July
17495:30 May
17466:6 July
17436:6 July
17406:6 July
17396:News24
17039:
16877:
16798:
16670:
16491:14 May
15926:et al.
14971:
14144:8 July
14132:
14105:8 July
14093:
13957:
13871:"Home"
13857:"Home"
13247:
12869:
12529:
12459:
12433:
12298:
11672:
11635:
11227:915739
11225:
11217:
11173:915740
11171:
11163:
10985:
10702:
10437:
10354:
10313:
10288:
10165:
10140:
9948:
9703:4 June
9669:
9644:
9611:4 June
9552:
9544:
9378:
9337:
9312:
9287:
9279:
9271:
9207:
9199:
8920:Israel
8798:, and
8725:ratify
8695:(left)
8619:Russia
8583:Russia
8549:Mossad
8529:Israel
8384:, but
8382:racism
8324:
8317:
8310:
8303:
8295:
8235:Gambia
8154:, and
8142:, the
8134:, the
5476:Uganda
4983:Result
4974:Result
4965:Result
4914:Banda
4711:Total
4013:Ongwen
3974:Uganda
3886:Death
3880:Trial
3615:et al.
3556:Gabon
3553:Gabon
3471:et al.
2959:Uganda
2861:
2859:
2851:
2849:
2841:
2839:
2831:
2829:
2813:, and
2809:, the
2803:Uganda
2789:, the
2759:Green:
2717:Uyghur
2700:Malian
2674:et al.
2624:Darfur
2595:100.0
2589:Total
2518:Canada
2502:Brazil
2454:France
2388:Bangui
2384:AbΓ©chΓ©
2183:Opened
2120:Office
2109:Status
2034:ad hoc
1656:Murder
1527:Murder
1295:Gambia
1141:Organs
986:, and
803:Uganda
746:Israel
684:ad hoc
586:ad hoc
579:, the
565:Geneva
524:racism
265:French
250:Arabic
227:French
192:
186:
180:
174:
168:
94:ε½ι
εδΊζ³ι’
72:Arabic
57:French
20510:Peace
20465:Power
20460:Peace
20217:BRICS
19670:Types
19299:Other
19217:Libya
19212:Kenya
19086:Court
18611:S2CID
18509:(PDF)
18462:S2CID
18370:S2CID
18323:JSTOR
17922:. CNN
17810:7 May
17257:5 May
16891:5 May
16826:5 May
16542:(PDF)
16517:(PDF)
16510:(PDF)
16485:(PDF)
16478:(PDF)
16412:(PDF)
16405:(PDF)
15902:2031.
15648:(PDF)
15619:(PDF)
15596:. ICC
15459:(PDF)
15436:. ICC
15280:(PDF)
15253:. ICC
15160:(PDF)
15065:(PDF)
14991:. ICC
14942:(PDF)
14829:(PDF)
14784:. ICC
14760:(PDF)
14735:(PDF)
14712:. ICC
14553:(PDF)
14462:(PDF)
14367:(PDF)
14342:(PDF)
14317:(PDF)
13791:(PDF)
13780:(PDF)
13752:(PDF)
13741:(PDF)
13732:2009:
13699:(PDF)
13660:(PDF)
13640:(PDF)
13538:(PDF)
13531:(PDF)
13450:(PDF)
13443:(PDF)
13424:5 May
13398:5 May
13321:5 May
13024:(PDF)
13007:(PDF)
12976:(PDF)
12963:(PDF)
12909:(PDF)
12902:(PDF)
12826:(PDF)
12819:(PDF)
12684:3 May
12658:3 May
12488:(PDF)
12481:(PDF)
12362:(PDF)
12337:(PDF)
12330:(PDF)
12016:(PDF)
12005:(PDF)
11670:JSTOR
11484:5 May
11234:(PDF)
11195:(PDF)
11118:(PDF)
11105:(PDF)
11074:(PDF)
10979:Brill
10936:(PDF)
10923:(PDF)
10898:(PDF)
10885:(PDF)
10117:7 May
10087:7 May
9893:(PDF)
9886:(PDF)
9861:(PDF)
9854:(PDF)
9697:(PDF)
9690:(PDF)
9582:3 May
9550:JSTOR
9376:S2CID
9285:S2CID
9277:JSTOR
9205:S2CID
8445:Qatar
8437:Egypt
8421:China
8413:Kenya
8329:JSTOR
8315:books
7997:Notes
6790:death
6751:Libya
6358:Kenya
4999:Date
4971:Trial
4905:Said
4747:Notes
4372:Mokom
4292:Ghaly
4191:Libya
4140:Kenya
4133:Banda
4104:Jerbo
4087:Banda
3802:2019.
3753:Notes
3382:Mali
3348:Libya
3158:Kenya
2799:Libya
2795:Kenya
2692:Banda
2672:Bemba
2584:27.8
2566:Spain
2486:Italy
2445:10.9
2429:16.3
2422:Japan
2380:Bunia
1885:in a
1869:Trial
1754:, or
1184:Japan
1182:from
1098:India
1094:China
921:Kenya
913:Sudan
758:Yemen
754:Qatar
750:Libya
738:China
607:Tokyo
495:, an
20256:Past
20115:list
20039:IGOs
20027:list
20009:list
19918:FIDH
19905:NGOs
19661:and
19265:Iraq
19222:Mali
19157:2023
19152:2020
19147:2017
19142:2015
19137:2014
19132:2013
19127:2011
19112:2007
19107:2006
19102:2003
18953:1970
18948:1593
18943:1487
18938:1422
18922:3314
18777:2021
18769:Time
18748:2021
18720:2021
18690:SSRN
18675:2021
18644:2021
18603:ISSN
18568:2023
18557:SSRN
18534:2023
18492:2017
18431:2016
18415:ISSN
18362:ISSN
18313:ISBN
18292:2016
18246:2018
18215:2007
18055:2021
18012:2020
17984:2020
17973:ISSN
17950:2020
17928:2020
17905:2020
17877:2023
17852:2018
17841:ISSN
17812:2019
17790:2023
17779:ISSN
17735:2022
17706:2022
17648:2024
17553:2023
17522:2019
17497:2024
17468:2017
17438:2017
17408:2017
17378:2017
17348:2016
17317:2016
17286:2013
17259:2016
17233:2014
17203:2014
17177:2014
17151:2014
17125:2013
17092:2015
17037:ISBN
17018:2023
16995:2016
16950:2019
16924:2018
16893:2016
16875:ISBN
16854:2019
16828:2016
16796:ISBN
16777:2017
16744:2018
16713:2016
16681:2023
16668:ISBN
16637:link
16623:2011
16564:link
16550:2006
16525:2006
16493:2007
16460:link
16446:2007
16420:2011
16328:2021
15928:case
15844:2019
15678:2023
15656:2023
15627:2022
15602:2022
15580:2022
15558:2022
15536:2022
15511:2022
15489:2022
15467:2022
15442:2022
15420:2022
15398:2022
15376:2023
15354:2022
15332:2022
15310:2022
15288:2022
15259:2022
15234:2022
15212:2022
15190:2022
15168:2022
15143:2022
15121:2022
15095:2022
15073:2022
15041:2022
15019:2022
14997:2022
14969:ISBN
14950:2022
14925:2022
14903:2022
14881:2022
14859:2023
14837:2022
14812:2022
14790:2022
14768:2022
14743:2022
14718:2022
14696:2022
14674:2022
14652:2022
14627:2022
14605:2022
14583:2022
14561:2022
14536:2023
14514:2022
14492:2022
14470:2022
14441:2022
14419:2022
14397:2022
14375:2022
14350:2022
14325:2022
14300:2016
14278:2022
14249:2022
14223:2023
14197:2023
14171:2024
14146:2020
14130:ISSN
14107:2020
14091:ISSN
14068:2024
14025:2020
13955:ISBN
13915:2021
13843:2021
13799:2017
13760:2011
13718:2011
13679:2011
13623:link
13609:2008
13583:link
13569:2008
13546:2009
13514:2007
13484:2019
13458:2016
13426:2016
13400:2016
13374:2019
13349:2012
13323:2016
13297:2016
13245:ISBN
13221:2006
13190:2007
13032:2008
12984:2011
12946:link
12932:2007
12885:2015
12867:ISBN
12776:link
12762:2007
12739:2006
12686:2007
12660:2007
12629:2008
12527:ISBN
12496:2017
12457:ISBN
12431:ISBN
12412:2020
12384:2020
12345:2014
12296:ISBN
12277:2020
12252:2013
12151:2016
12119:2016
12087:2016
12054:2016
12024:2016
11988:2016
11955:2020
11930:2016
11900:2016
11870:2016
11840:2016
11810:2016
11780:2016
11749:2016
11719:2021
11633:ISSN
11610:2007
11585:2007
11551:2007
11486:2016
11460:2008
11430:2008
11266:2021
11223:SSRN
11215:ISSN
11169:SSRN
11161:ISSN
11126:2021
11088:2021
11057:2021
11025:2021
10983:ISBN
10944:2021
10906:2016
10868:2021
10831:2010
10793:and
10768:2012
10736:2008
10700:ISBN
10599:2024
10577:2023
10551:2023
10525:2023
10499:2023
10468:2023
10411:2023
10382:2023
10352:ISSN
10311:ISBN
10286:ISSN
10249:2022
10224:2022
10199:2022
10163:ISBN
10138:ISBN
10119:2019
10089:2019
10053:2014
10023:2006
9997:2014
9946:ISBN
9927:2008
9901:2023
9869:2023
9815:2006
9761:2024
9733:2024
9705:2012
9667:ISBN
9642:ISBN
9613:2012
9584:2007
9542:ISSN
9507:2011
9481:2006
9447:2006
9418:2023
9335:ISBN
9310:ISBN
9269:ISSN
9235:2022
9197:ISSN
9160:2022
9123:2012
8938:OPCD
8932:Gaza
8930:and
8884:The
8800:OFAC
8301:news
8162:and
8081:The
7109:Mali
4993:Ref.
4391:Said
4346:Adam
4282:Mali
4017:III
3984:Kony
3378:Mali
3141:2007
2824:Key:
2649:and
2573:3.8
2557:4.0
2541:4.2
2525:4.9
2509:5.6
2493:5.9
2477:8.2
2461:8.4
2404:No.
2386:and
2255:and
2253:OPCW
2249:ICTY
2117:Type
2004:and
1952:and
1877:and
1789:The
1553:Rape
1378:Term
1231:and
1170:The
1096:and
961:for
846:, a
742:Iraq
591:Axis
522:and
510:and
451:and
445:ICCt
435:The
202:Seat
20517:War
19946:on
18815:on
18595:doi
18454:doi
18354:doi
18234:BBC
18168:CNN
17640:BBC
16660:doi
13108:in
11662:doi
11401:On
11207:doi
11153:doi
10618:CNN
10344:doi
10276:doi
9634:doi
9534:doi
9407:doi
9368:doi
9261:doi
9187:doi
8523:ANC
8284:by
7429:13
7305:II
6087:28
6084:22
6055:22
6052:20
5588:21
5585:11
5502:21
5499:12
5297:DRC
5018:OAJ
5008:CAH
4738:10
4735:14
4717:19
4714:57
4704:II
4546:II
4470:II
4379:II
4274:II
4183:II
4121:II
4062:II
3868:TCs
3863:PTC
2677:OAJ
2562:10
2330:KPN
1689:bis
1471:bis
1293:of
931:of
919:of
911:of
797:in
717:in
605:in
475:of
443:or
441:ICC
289:124
20638::
18767:.
18756:^
18736:.
18711:.
18667:11
18665:.
18661:.
18635:.
18623:^
18609:.
18601:.
18591:30
18589:.
18585:.
18555:.
18551:.
18525:.
18482:.
18460:.
18450:19
18448:.
18421:.
18413:.
18409:.
18397:^
18368:.
18360:.
18350:60
18348:.
18321:.
18278:.
18236:.
18232:.
18204:.
18166:.
18147:.
18129:.
18109:.
18089:.
18071:.
18029:.
18000:.
17971:.
17967:.
17894:.
17868:.
17839:.
17835:.
17829:.
17777:.
17752:.
17708:.
17697:.
17678:.
17638:.
17620:.
17601:.
17569:.
17542:.
17530:^
17513:.
17488:.
17476:^
17454:.
17424:.
17398:.
17394:.
17364:.
17338:.
17334:.
17307:.
17303:.
17276:.
17249:.
17219:.
17115:.
17109:.
17082:.
17078:.
17059:.
16940:.
16914:.
16910:.
16883:.
16844:.
16761:.
16734:.
16730:.
16703:.
16697:.
16666:,
16654:,
16633:}}
16629:{{
16606:^
16572:^
16560:}}
16556:{{
16456:}}
16452:{{
16428:^
16312:.
15828:.
15519:^
15242:^
15111:.
15049:^
14635:^
14257:^
14213:.
14188:.
14162:.
14136:.
14128:.
14124:.
14097:.
14089:.
14085:.
14059:.
14041:.
14016:.
13998:.
13977:.
13932:.
13887:.
13815:.
13782:.
13768:^
13743:.
13701:.
13681:.
13662:.
13648:^
13619:}}
13615:{{
13591:^
13579:}}
13575:{{
13492:^
13475:.
13416:.
13390:.
13365:.
13176:.
13151:.
13126:.
13090:^
13009:.
12992:^
12965:.
12942:}}
12938:{{
12904:.
12875:.
12821:.
12793:.
12772:}}
12768:{{
12725:.
12713:^
12650:.
12646:.
12483:.
12403:.
12392:^
12310:^
12268:.
12177:^
12159:^
12135:.
12109:.
12103:.
12077:.
12071:.
12040:.
12011:.
12007:.
11978:.
11972:.
11946:.
11920:.
11916:.
11890:.
11886:.
11860:.
11856:.
11830:.
11826:.
11800:.
11796:.
11770:.
11766:.
11739:.
11735:.
11710:.
11668:.
11639:.
11629:05
11627:.
11593:^
11559:^
11527:^
11476:.
11450:.
11438:^
11399:.
11274:^
11250:.
11221:.
11213:.
11201:.
11197:.
11167:.
11159:.
11147:.
11143:.
11107:.
11076:.
11041:.
11015:.
11009:.
10973:.
10925:.
10887:.
10858:.
10854:.
10839:^
10817:.
10802:^
10776:^
10744:^
10714:^
10667:.
10648:.
10616:.
10567:.
10541:.
10515:.
10490:.
10476:^
10451:^
10433:.
10402:.
10390:^
10373:.
10350:.
10338:.
10334:.
10284:.
10272:19
10270:.
10266:.
10240:.
10215:.
10185:.
10105:.
10039:.
9801:.
9784:32
9782:.
9778:.
9752:.
9741:^
9724:.
9713:^
9640:.
9592:^
9570:.
9548:.
9540:.
9530:66
9528:.
9524:.
9467:.
9455:^
9426:^
9403:28
9401:.
9397:.
9374:.
9364:48
9362:.
9358:.
9283:.
9275:.
9267:.
9257:14
9255:.
9251:.
9217:^
9203:.
9195:.
9183:34
9181:.
9177:.
9151:.
9125:.
8934:.
8763:,
8759:.
8675:.
8571:,
8443:,
8439:,
8435:,
8431:,
8427:,
8423:,
8419:,
8415:,
8229:,
8150:,
8146:,
8138:,
8045:^
7979:β
7976:2
7973:1
7970:β
7947:β
7944:2
7941:1
7938:β
7912:β
7909:2
7906:1
7903:β
7880:β
7877:2
7874:1
7871:β
7845:β
7842:2
7839:β
7836:β
7813:β
7810:2
7807:β
7804:β
7654:β
7651:2
7648:β
7645:β
7624:β
7621:5
7618:β
7615:β
7594:β
7591:5
7588:β
7585:β
7546:β
7543:1
7540:5
7537:β
7484:β
7481:6
7478:8
7475:β
7432:β
7426:9
7423:β
7395:β
7392:9
7389:7
7386:β
7346:β
7327:β
7324:7
7321:6
7318:β
7284:β
7281:4
7278:6
7275:β
7214:β
7211:4
7208:4
7205:β
7138:β
7135:1
7132:β
7129:β
7087:β
7084:β
7081:4
7078:β
7035:β
7032:β
7029:4
7026:β
6983:β
6951:β
6948:β
6945:4
6942:β
6912:β
6909:7
6906:β
6903:β
6874:β
6871:3
6868:4
6865:β
6842:β
6839:β
6836:2
6833:β
6812:β
6809:β
6806:2
6803:β
6780:β
6777:β
6774:2
6771:β
6732:4
6729:β
6726:β
6723:β
6701:β
6677:6
6674:β
6671:β
6668:β
6640:3
6637:β
6634:β
6631:β
6599:β
6592:β
6589:β
6586:5
6583:β
6571:β
6568:β
6565:5
6562:β
6533:β
6521:β
6518:β
6515:5
6512:β
6473:β
6470:β
6467:4
6464:β
6452:β
6449:β
6446:4
6443:β
6423:)
6389:β
6386:β
6383:4
6380:β
6339:β
6336:6
6333:7
6330:β
6307:β
6304:3
6301:β
6298:β
6255:β
6252:3
6249:β
6246:β
6193:β
6190:3
6187:β
6184:β
6154:β
6151:2
6148:5
6145:3
6090:β
6081:β
6058:β
6049:β
6020:;
6002:2
5999:β
5996:β
5993:β
5982:;
5964:2
5961:β
5958:β
5955:β
5944:;
5937:2
5934:β
5931:β
5928:β
5903:2
5900:β
5897:β
5894:β
5881:;
5839:β
5810:2
5807:β
5804:β
5801:β
5752:β
5722:β
5719:5
5716:3
5713:β
5650:β
5618:β
5615:4
5612:3
5609:β
5591:β
5582:β
5564:β
5561:3
5558:1
5555:β
5537:β
5534:7
5531:3
5528:β
5505:β
5496:β
5457:β
5454:9
5451:β
5448:β
5398:β
5395:6
5392:5
5389:β
5343:β
5325:β
5322:6
5319:3
5316:β
5267:β
5237:β
5234:6
5231:3
5228:β
5182:-
5154:β
5151:7
5148:3
5145:β
5085:β
5054:β
5051:3
5048:β
5045:β
5013:WC
4732:1
4729:8
4726:0
4723:5
4720:1
4701:0
4698:0
4695:0
4692:0
4689:0
4686:0
4683:0
4673:6
4661:I
4658:0
4655:0
4652:0
4649:0
4646:0
4643:0
4640:0
4637:0
4634:0
4622:I
4619:0
4616:0
4613:0
4610:0
4607:0
4604:0
4601:0
4598:0
4595:0
4585:I
4582:0
4579:0
4576:0
4573:0
4570:0
4567:0
4564:0
4561:0
4558:0
4543:0
4540:0
4537:0
4534:0
4531:0
4528:0
4525:0
4522:0
4519:0
4507:I
4504:0
4501:0
4498:0
4495:0
4492:0
4489:0
4486:0
4483:0
4480:0
4467:0
4464:0
4461:0
4458:0
4455:0
4452:0
4449:0
4446:0
4443:0
4433:I
4430:0
4427:0
4424:0
4421:0
4418:0
4415:0
4412:0
4402:3
4388:VI
4376:0
4366:0
4363:0
4360:0
4350:0
4340:5
4325:I
4315:0
4312:0
4309:0
4306:0
4296:0
4286:3
4271:0
4261:0
4258:0
4255:0
4250:0
4247:0
4244:3
4234:I
4231:0
4228:0
4211:0
4208:0
4205:0
4195:5
4180:0
4170:0
4160:0
4157:0
4154:0
4144:9
4130:IV
4118:0
4108:0
4098:0
4074:7
4045:0
4042:0
4039:0
4036:0
4033:0
4030:0
4027:5
4007:0
4004:0
3994:0
3991:0
3988:0
3978:5
3966:I
3949:0
3946:0
3943:0
3940:0
3937:0
3927:6
3826:^
3742:β
3709:β
3683:β
3647:β
3644:β
3588:β
3585:β
3569:β
3533:β
3530:β
3423:β
3334:β
3326:β
3323:β
3308:β
3300:β
3297:β
3281:β
3273:β
3270:β
3254:β
3246:β
3243:β
3227:β
3219:β
3216:β
3193:β
3190:β
3165:β
3162:β
3137:β
3134:β
3116:β
3108:β
3105:β
3089:β
3081:β
3078:β
3002:β
2994:β
2991:β
2938:β
2935:β
2801:,
2797:,
2793:,
2645:,
2546:9
2530:8
2514:7
2498:6
2482:5
2466:4
2450:3
2434:2
2418:1
2390:.
2382:,
2378:,
2374:,
2251:,
2247:,
2243:,
2239:,
2012:.
1366:.
1239:,
1021:.
943:.
870:.
809:.
801:,
760:.
752:,
748:,
744:,
740:,
667:,
483:,
479:,
459:,
20173:e
20166:t
20159:v
20117:)
20113:(
20029:)
20025:(
20011:)
20007:(
19995:e
19988:t
19981:v
19647:e
19640:t
19633:v
19365:e
19358:t
19351:v
19159:)
18880:)
18845:e
18838:t
18831:v
18779:.
18750:.
18722:.
18696:.
18677:.
18646:.
18617:.
18597::
18570:.
18536:.
18494:.
18468:.
18456::
18433:.
18376:.
18356::
18329:.
18294:.
18248:.
18217:.
18170:.
18057:.
18035:.
18014:.
17986:.
17952:.
17930:.
17907:.
17879:.
17854:.
17814:.
17792:.
17737:.
17664:.
17650:.
17624:.
17555:.
17524:.
17499:.
17470:.
17440:.
17410:.
17380:.
17350:.
17319:.
17288:.
17261:.
17235:.
17205:.
17179:.
17153:.
17127:.
17094:.
17045:.
17020:.
16997:.
16952:.
16926:.
16895:.
16856:.
16830:.
16804:.
16779:.
16746:.
16715:.
16662::
16639:)
16625:.
16566:)
16552:.
16527:.
16495:.
16462:)
16448:.
16422:.
16330:.
15883:.
15846:.
15680:.
15658:.
15629:.
15604:.
15582:.
15560:.
15538:.
15513:.
15491:.
15469:.
15444:.
15422:.
15400:.
15378:.
15356:.
15334:.
15312:.
15290:.
15261:.
15236:.
15214:.
15192:.
15170:.
15145:.
15123:.
15097:.
15075:.
15043:.
15021:.
14999:.
14977:.
14952:.
14927:.
14905:.
14883:.
14861:.
14839:.
14814:.
14792:.
14770:.
14745:.
14720:.
14698:.
14676:.
14654:.
14629:.
14607:.
14585:.
14563:.
14538:.
14516:.
14494:.
14472:.
14443:.
14421:.
14399:.
14377:.
14352:.
14327:.
14302:.
14280:.
14251:.
14225:.
14199:.
14173:.
14148:.
14109:.
14070:.
14045:.
14027:.
14002:.
13963:.
13938:.
13917:.
13873:.
13859:.
13845:.
13801:.
13762:.
13720:.
13625:)
13611:.
13585:)
13571:.
13548:.
13486:.
13460:.
13428:.
13402:.
13376:.
13351:.
13325:.
13299:.
13253:.
13223:.
13192:.
13034:.
12986:.
12948:)
12934:.
12887:.
12778:)
12764:.
12741:.
12688:.
12662:.
12631:.
12535:.
12498:.
12465:.
12439:.
12414:.
12386:.
12364:.
12347:.
12304:.
12279:.
12254:.
12153:.
12121:.
12089:.
12056:.
12026:.
11990:.
11957:.
11932:.
11902:.
11872:.
11842:.
11812:.
11782:.
11751:.
11721:.
11676:.
11664::
11612:.
11587:.
11553:.
11508:.
11488:.
11462:.
11432:.
11406:.
11268:.
11209::
11203:3
11155::
11149:3
11128:.
11090:.
11059:.
11027:.
10991:.
10946:.
10908:.
10870:.
10833:.
10770:.
10738:.
10708:.
10684:.
10671:.
10634:.
10620:.
10601:.
10579:.
10553:.
10527:.
10501:.
10470:.
10413:.
10384:.
10358:.
10346::
10340:6
10319:.
10292:.
10278::
10251:.
10226:.
10201:.
10171:.
10146:.
10121:.
10091:.
10055:.
10025:.
9999:.
9954:.
9929:.
9903:.
9871:.
9817:.
9763:.
9735:.
9707:.
9675:.
9650:.
9636::
9615:.
9586:.
9556:.
9536::
9509:.
9483:.
9449:.
9420:.
9409::
9382:.
9370::
9343:.
9318:.
9291:.
9263::
9237:.
9211:.
9189::
9162:.
8351:)
8345:(
8340:)
8336:(
8326:Β·
8319:Β·
8312:Β·
8305:Β·
8278:.
7759:I
7687:/
6419:(
5003:G
4676:6
4405:3
4382:V
4369:1
4353:3
4343:1
4328:X
4318:1
4299:1
4289:1
4264:3
4221:1
4214:3
4198:1
4173:6
4163:1
4147:2
4124:I
4111:1
4101:1
4091:1
4084:1
4077:3
4055:5
4048:1
4010:1
3997:3
3981:1
3959:3
3952:2
3930:1
2684:-
2626:.
439:(
119::
104::
89::
74::
59::
27:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
