1123:
1267:
299:
938:
910:
307:
1885:
technocratic aspects of the reform process have been continued and revitalised by the DPKO in its "Peace
Operations 2010" reform agenda. This included an increase in personnel, the harmonization of the conditions of service of field and headquarters staff, the development of guidelines and standard operating procedures, and improving the partnership arrangement between the Department of Peacekeeping Operations (DPKO) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), African Union and European Union. 2008 capstone doctrine entitled "United Nations Peacekeeping Operations: Principles and Guidelines" incorporates and builds on the Brahimi analysis.
1291:. Although participation greatly increased in the last decade of the 20th century and the first two decades of 21st century, women remained significantly underrepresented in peacekeeping operations in 2023. The participation of women in peacekeeping operations differs significantly between military contingents, military observers, staff officers versus police units. Gender stereotypes and discrimination often limit women's opportunities for advancement and leadership roles within international organizations and military institutions. Additionally, women often face discrimination and harassment in male-dominated peacekeeping environments.
901:, the official leader of the mission. This person is responsible for all political and diplomatic activity, overseeing relations with both the parties to the peace treaty and the UN member-states in general. They are often a senior member of the Secretariat. The second is the Force Commander, who is responsible for the military forces deployed. They are a senior officer of their nation's armed services, and are often from the nation committing the highest number of troops to the project. Finally, the Chief Administrative Officer oversees supplies and logistics, and coordinates the procurement of any supplies needed.
1143:
463:
1103:
4618:
29:
325:
1095:
554:
155:
6177:
7812:
392:
515:
449:
962:
8485:
1927:
8471:
8458:
489:
528:
502:
541:
1355:
567:
476:
1295:
long-lasting peace agreements than those with lower percentages. Women peacekeepers have been instrumental in addressing issues such as sexual violence, human trafficking, and gender-based discrimination, which are prevalent in conflict-affected areas. Women peacekeepers also serve as role models for women and girls in these areas, showing them that women can be powerful and influential agents of change.
1402:
5274:
918:
and 1,334 volunteers). European nations contribute nearly 6,000 people to this total. Pakistan, India, and
Bangladesh are among the largest individual contributors with about 8,000 people each. African nations contributed nearly half the total, almost 44,000 people. Every peacekeeping mission is authorized by the Security Council.
383:
government minders with them whenever they leave their base. This complexity has caused problems in the field. When all agreements have been completed, the required personnel are assembled, and final approval has been given by the
Security Council, the peacekeepers are deployed to the region in question.
3421:
This event began the era of
Canadian domination of peacekeeping. Canada ranks first in the amount of peacekeepers provided during the Cold War. During this time, Canada was also the only country to be a part of every UN peacekeeping operation. Canada provided 80,000 peacekeepers (10 percent of the UN
1884:
was the first of many steps to recap former peacekeeping missions, isolate flaws, and take steps to patch these mistakes to ensure the efficiency of future peacekeeping missions. The UN has vowed to continue to put these practices into effect when performing peacekeeping operations in the future. The
1522:
professor Lise Howard argues that UN peacekeeping operations are more effective by virtue of their lack of compelling force; rather, their use of nonviolent methods such as "verbal persuasion, financial inducements and coercion short of offensive military force, including surveillance and arrest" are
1294:
The inclusion of women in peacekeeping operations provides access to places and people inaccessible to men and improves communication quality with civilian communities. Peacekeeping missions with a higher percentage of female personnel have more often been effective in reducing violence and achieving
1235:
dates back to 2012, when there was extensive destruction in Mali. In this matter, the protection of a country's cultural heritage was included in the mandate of a United
Nations mission (Resolution 2100) for the first time in history. In addition to many other advances, Italy signed an agreement with
274:
and security. Most of these operations are established and implemented by the United
Nations itself, with troops obeying UN operational control. In these cases, peacekeepers remain members of their respective armed forces, and do not constitute an independent "UN army", as the UN does not have such a
1560:
after UN peacekeeping forces moved in. In the 1996 UN study "The Impact of Armed
Conflict on Children", the former first lady of Mozambique Graça Machel documented: "In 6 out of 12 country studies on sexual exploitation of children in situations of armed conflict prepared for the present report, the
1471:
In the United States, the Bill
Clinton and George W. Bush administrations began with differing philosophies but came to adopt remarkably similar policies using peace operations to assist American foreign policy. Initial ideological concerns were replaced by pragmatic decisions about how to assist UN
1463: – have served in peacekeeping operations. Approximately 130 Canadians have died in service of peacekeeping operations, with 123 of these deaths occurring during UN missions. Seven Canadians have been UN force commanders and two Canadians have been commanders of UN observer missions.
917:
In 2007, a peacekeeper volunteer was required to be older than age 25 with no maximum age limit. Peacekeeping forces are contributed by member states on a voluntary basis. As of 30 June 2019, there are 100,411 people serving in UN peacekeeping operations (86,145 uniformed, 12,932 civilian,
377:
It has been shown that contributors deploy their troops with varying speed. While the peacekeeping force is being assembled, a variety of diplomatic activities are being undertaken by UN staff. The exact size and strength of the force must be agreed to by the government of the nation whose territory
1914:
The UN peacekeeping capacity was enhanced in 2007 by augmenting the DPKO with the new
Department of Field Support (DFS). Whereas the new entity serves as a key enabler by co-ordinating the administration and logistics in UN peacekeeping operations, DPKO concentrates on policy planning and providing
1901:
capable of quickly deploying to crises such as genocides, administered by the UN and deployed by the
Security Council. The UN rapid reaction force would consist of military personnel from Security Council members or UN member states who would be stationed in their home countries, but would have the
335:
Once a peace treaty has been negotiated, the parties involved might ask the United Nations for a peacekeeping force to supervise various elements of the agreed upon plan. This is often done because a group controlled by the United Nations is less likely to favor the interests of any one party since
289:
is the Head of the Department of Peace Operations; he took over from the former Under-Secretary-General Hervé Ladsous on 1 April 2017. Since 1997, all directors have been French. DPKO's highest level doctrine document, entitled "United Nations Peacekeeping Operations: Principles and Guidelines" was
1492:
Nicholas Sambanis asserts that the presence of a UN peacekeeping mission is correlated with a positive effect on the achievement of peace, especially in the short-term. However, he notes that this effect is lessened over time. Thus, the longer that peacekeepers remain in a country, the greater the
1374:
stipulates that to assist in maintaining peace and security around the world, all member states of the UN should make available to the Security Council necessary armed forces and facilities. Since 1948, almost 130 nations have contributed military and civilian police personnel to peace operations.
382:
must be developed and approved by both the parties involved and the Security Council. These give the specific mandate and scope of the mission (e.g. when may the peacekeepers, if armed, use force, and where may they go within the host nation). Often, it will be mandated that peacekeepers have host
1517:
found that the presence of UN peacekeeping missions had a weak correlation with rule of law while conflict is ongoing, but a robust correlation during periods of peace. The study also found that "the relationship is stronger for civilian than uniformed personnel, and is strongest when UN missions
243:
they may have signed. Such assistance comes in many forms, including separating former combatants, confidence-building measures, power-sharing arrangements, electoral assistance, strengthening the rule of law, and economic and social development. Accordingly, UN peacekeepers (often referred to as
1212:
received a high degree of commitment and became a "proving ground for ideas, methods, and procedures". It turned out to be considered the most successful UN mission, and was followed by other more ambitious transitional administrations in Kosovo (United Nations Interim Administration Mission in
973:
as a means of resolving conflicts between states by deploying unarmed or lightly armed military personnel from a number of countries, commanded by the UN, to areas where warring parties were in need of a neutral party to observe the peace process. Peacekeepers could be activated when the major
410:
about the establishment, maintenance or expansion of peacekeeping operations are taken by the Security Council. According to UN Charter every Member State is obligated legally to pay their respective share for peacekeeping. Peacekeeping expenses are divided by the General Assembly based upon a
347:
begins planning for the necessary elements. At this time, the senior command team is selected. The department will then seek contributions from member nations. Since the UN has no standing force or supplies, it must form ad hoc coalitions for every task undertaken. Doing so results in both the
360:
He told me the UN was a "pull" system, not a "push" system like I had been used to with NATO, because the UN had absolutely no pool of resources to draw on. You had to make a request for everything you needed, and then you had to wait while that request was analyzed... For instance, soldiers
1480:
According to scholar Page Fortna, there is strong evidence that the presence of peacekeepers significantly reduces the risk of renewed warfare; more peacekeeping troops results in fewer battlefield and civilian deaths. There is also evidence that the promise to deploy peacekeepers can help
411:
formula established by Member States which takes into account the relative economic wealth of Member States among other factors. In 2017, the UN agreed to reduce the peacekeeping budget by $ 600 million after the US initially proposed a larger decrease of approximately $ 900 million.
1509:
studied twenty years of data on peacekeeping missions, including in Lebanon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and the Central African Republic, and concluded that they were more effective at reducing civilian casualties than counterterrorism operations by nation states.
1496:
Another study suggests that doubling the peacekeeping operation budget, stronger peacekeeping operation mandates and a doubling of the PKO budget would reduce armed conflicts by as much as two thirds relative to a scenario without PKOs. An analysis of 47 peace operations by
1493:
likelihood that peace will maintain. Acknowledging the success that UN peacekeeping operations have achieved in increasing political participation, Sambanis claims that a greater emphasis on economic development would further increase the efficacy of peacekeeping efforts.
1169:. Furthermore, peacekeeping came to involve more and more non-military elements that ensured the proper functioning of civic functions, such as elections. The UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations was created in 1992 to assist this increased demand for such missions.
2862:
1439:
The rate of reimbursement by the UN for troop-contributing countries per peacekeeper per month include: $ 1,028 for pay and allowances; $ 303 supplementary pay for specialists; $ 68 for personal clothing, gear and equipment; and $ 5 for personal weaponry.
1188:, where neither ceasefires nor the consent of all the parties in conflict had been secured. These operations did not have the manpower, nor were they supported by the required political will, to implement their mandates. The failures—most notably the 1994
1484:
However, there have been several reports during UN peacekeeping missions of human rights abuse by UN soldiers, notably in the Central African Republic in 2015. The cost of these missions is also significant, with the United Nations Mission in South Sudan
1375:
While detailed records of all personnel who have served in peacekeeping missions since 1948 are not available, it is estimated that as many as one million soldiers, police officers and civilians have served as UN peacekeepers during the last 56 years.
5799:
7865:
1085:
was awarded to the United Nations peacekeeping forces. The press release stated that the forces "represent the manifest will of the community of nations" and have "made a decisive contribution" to the resolution of conflict around the world.
8309:
6085:
5309:
1205:
585:
Many countries have also voluntarily made additional resources available to support UN Peacekeeping efforts such as by transportation, supplies, personnel and financial contributions beyond their assessed share of peacekeeping costs.
5883:
1489:) costing $ 1 billion per year for 12,500 UN soldiers unable to prevent the country's civil war. Often missions require approval from local governments before deploying troops which can also limit the effectiveness of UN missions.
7847:
1458:
with approximately 80,000 personnel – equivalent to 10 percent of total UN forces. In all, more than 125,000 Canadian men and women military personnel, civilians, diplomats – including over 4,000
5634:
361:
everywhere have to eat and drink. In a push system, food and water for the number of soldiers deployed is automatically supplied. In a pull system, you have to ask for those rations, and no common sense seems to ever apply.
1180:, for example, peacekeeping provided ways to achieve self-sustaining peace. Some efforts failed, perhaps as the result of an overly optimistic assessment of what UN peacekeeping could accomplish. While complex missions in
5629:
5671:
1881:
1472:
peace operations. Both administrations were reluctant to contribute large contingents of ground troops to UN-commanded operations, even as both administrations endorsed increases in the number and scale of UN missions.
8191:
3119:
1204:—resulted in a period of retrenchment and self-examination in UN peacekeeping. As a result, the relatively small United Nations Transitional Administration for Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Sirmium (
1398:(4,399). In addition to military and police personnel, 5,187 international civilian personnel, 2,031 UN Volunteers and 12,036 local civilian personnel worked in UN peacekeeping missions as of March 2008.
8185:
8078:
5676:
1228:, which works to implement stable peace through some of the same civic functions that peacekeepers also work on, such as elections. The commission currently works with six countries, all in Africa.
1122:
8173:
4239:
Blocq, Daniel. 2009. "Western Soldiers and the Protection of Local Civilians in UN Peacekeeping Operations: Is a Nationalist Orientation in the Armed Forces Hindering Our Preparedness to Fight?"
1266:
8132:
675:
2289:"General Assembly Authorizes $ 8.3 billion for 15 Peacekeeping Operations in 2015/16 as It Adopts 25 Resolutions, 1 Decision in Reports of Fifth Committee | Meetings Coverage and Press Releases"
3989:
5646:
583:(estimated at $ 1,747 billion in 2013). The resources financed 14 of the 16 United Nations peacekeeping missions with the two remaining ones getting financed through the UN regular budget.
5696:
5656:
3708:
1054:
of 1956, a war between the alliance of the United Kingdom, France, and Israel, versus Egypt, which was supported by other Arab nations. When a ceasefire was declared in 1957, Canadian
5299:
5955:
4961:
7871:
6803:
5237:
1941:
8232:
8120:
5353:
4941:
4117:
1074:
nation defend them against the United Kingdom and its allies. In the end, a wide variety of national forces were drawn upon to ensure national diversity. Pearson would win the
298:
7902:
5691:
3203:
1209:
1010:
7841:
5831:
4857:
4808:
835:
613:
The General Assembly approves resource expenditures for peacekeeping operations on a yearly basis. Financing covers the period from 1 July to 30 June of the next year.
8291:
7032:
5771:
5619:
1622:
1165:
established larger and more complex UN peacekeeping missions, often to help implement comprehensive peace agreements between belligerents in intra-State conflicts and
4826:
8415:
5343:
5279:
5232:
4996:
1454:
Canada has served in over 50 peacekeeping missions, including every UN peacekeeping effort from its inception until 1989. Canada provided the most UN peacekeepers
1218:
975:
1591:
The following table chart illustrates confirmed accounts of crimes and human rights violations committed by United Nations soldiers, peacekeepers, and employees.
217:
as an "instrument developed by the organization as a way to help countries torn by conflict to create the conditions for lasting peace". It is distinguished from
8462:
8126:
7925:
5681:
5497:
4575:
Worboys, Katherine (2007). "The Traumatic Journey from Dictatorship to Democracy: Peacekeeping Operations and Civil-Military Relations in Argentina, 1989-1999".
1832:
1533:
According to a 2011 study, UN peacekeeping missions were most likely to be successful if they had assistance and consent from domestic actors in the host state.
1214:
851:
3409:
3269:
2017:
8060:
7477:
5980:
5666:
4791:
1240:
in February 2016 to create the world's first emergency task force for culture, composed of civilian experts and the Italian Carabinieri. The UN peace mission
6213:
5960:
5546:
5148:
3972:
2538:
7800:
7358:
5913:
5863:
5661:
5264:
5207:
4877:
87:
3442:
8203:
5764:
5759:
5754:
5749:
5744:
5739:
5734:
5686:
5580:
5202:
978:) tasked the UN with helping to end conflicts threatening regional stability and international peace and security. These included a number of so-called "
787:
4440:
3471:
1505:
found that the involvement of UN personnel generally resulted in enduring peace. Political scientists Hanne Fjelde, Lisa Hultman and Desiree Nilsson of
7533:
5970:
5651:
5529:
5108:
5054:
4971:
4887:
4872:
739:
8518:
8250:
8244:
8226:
7406:
6106:
5249:
4966:
4082:
3754:
8405:
8362:
8303:
8179:
7124:
6329:
5524:
5304:
4796:
4762:
4683:
3999:
3422:
total) before UN peacekeepers won the 1988 Nobel Peace Prize. All these accomplishments show that Canada used to be a world leader in peacekeeping.
1946:
1271:
8102:
8315:
8262:
8256:
8066:
7853:
6080:
5724:
5719:
5575:
5073:
2399:
1880:
In response to criticism, particularly of the cases of sexual abuse by peacekeepers, the UN has taken steps toward reforming its operations. The
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1298:
755:
1790:
1416:
Through October 2018, 3,767 people from more than 100 countries had been killed while serving on peacekeeping missions. Many of those came from
601:
8368:
8084:
8048:
5348:
5254:
4745:
4674:
3654:
1956:
1685:
8422:
8197:
8024:
8000:
7942:
6996:
6729:
6012:
5776:
5289:
5284:
5259:
5123:
4946:
4897:
4774:
4750:
2972:"Deployment of Female Personnel Boosts Effectiveness, Says Secretary-General, as Security Council Holds Open Debate on Women in Peacekeeping"
1811:
1727:
994:
884:
275:
force. In cases where direct UN involvement is not considered appropriate or feasible, the Council authorizes regional organizations such as
8090:
7778:
5412:
4249:
3312:
8400:
8321:
8220:
8036:
7994:
6580:
6041:
5975:
5519:
5006:
3543:
1951:
135:
8374:
8344:
7948:
7919:
5333:
2313:
2132:
954:
819:
803:
8297:
8285:
8238:
8042:
8030:
7988:
6068:
6002:
5714:
5641:
5624:
4986:
4936:
4862:
4803:
4739:
4100:
2608:
2262:
1322:
580:
195:
8054:
7688:
7284:
6206:
5360:
5068:
4847:
4786:
4258:
Bridges, Donna and Debbie Horsfall. 2009. "Increasing Operational Effectiveness in UN Peacekeeping: Toward a Gender-Balanced Force."
280:
259:
4360:
Fortna, Virginia Page (2004). "Does Peacekeeping Keep Peace? International Intervention and the Duration of Peace After Civil War".
3091:
1547:
8350:
7793:
6799:
6631:
6588:
6394:
6074:
5908:
5195:
5133:
5093:
4981:
4645:
707:
4509:
Reed, Brian; Segal, David (2000). "The Impact of Multiple Deployments on Soldiers' Peacekeeping Attitudes, Morale and Retention".
4271:
Bureš, Ronkęš (June 2006). "Regional Peacekeeping Operations: Complementing or Undermining the United Nations Security Council?".
2018:"Contributors to UN Peacekeeping Operations by Country and Post Police, UN Military Experts on Mission, Staff Officers and Troops"
1481:
international organizations in bringing combatants to negotiate and increase the likelihood that they will agree to a cease-fire.
1066:
in order to ensure that the ceasefire was honored by both sides. Pearson had initially suggested that the force consist of mainly
7954:
7148:
4882:
4735:
4665:
3487:
2714:
UNESCO Director-General calls for stronger cooperation for heritage protection at the Blue Shield International General Assembly.
1853:
1225:
723:
8395:
8072:
8018:
8012:
7526:
5514:
5437:
5294:
5269:
4714:
4169:
1664:
1643:
1161:
The end of the Cold War precipitated a dramatic shift in UN and multilateral peacekeeping. In a new spirit of cooperation, the
927:
2651:
8356:
8006:
7982:
7859:
7657:
6121:
6024:
5990:
5893:
5873:
5804:
5592:
5563:
5541:
5432:
5365:
5153:
5098:
3691:
3664:
3156:
2863:"Gender, Peacekeeping, and Operational Effectiveness: Recommendations for the Deployment of Women in Peacekeeping Operations"
2113:
1486:
643:
344:
2946:
8513:
8338:
6199:
5945:
5568:
5338:
4924:
4909:
4892:
1971:
1966:
1055:
987:
348:
possibility of failure to form a suitable force, and a general slowdown in procurement once the operation is in the field.
4070:
Victims of Peace: Current Abuse Allegations against U.N. Peacekeepers and the Role of Law in Preventing Them in the Future
8114:
8108:
7786:
6222:
6036:
6031:
5455:
5323:
5185:
5088:
5011:
4951:
1706:
4302:
Dandeker, Christopher; Gow, James (1997). "The Future of Peace Support Operations: Strategic Peacekeeping and Success".
4224:
3878:
2676:
7384:
7250:
6663:
6157:
5402:
5190:
5180:
4852:
4815:
4432:
Holt, Victoria K., and Michael G. Mackinnon. (2008) "The origins and evolution of US policy towards peace operations."
4273:
2546:
233:
does acknowledge that all activities are "mutually reinforcing" and that overlap between them is frequent in practice.
202:
1436:(138). Thirty percent of the fatalities during the first 55 years of UN peacekeeping occurred in the years 1993–1995.
8096:
7767:
7762:
7757:
7752:
7747:
7737:
7732:
7727:
7722:
7717:
7519:
6865:
6142:
5826:
5558:
5427:
5158:
5138:
5078:
5063:
3401:
3266:
3075:
2920:
2757:
2468:
2198:"Only as fast as its troop contributors: Incentives, capabilities, and constraints in the UN's peacekeeping response"
2030:
1961:
1748:
771:
368:
2627:""Blue Helmet Forum" an der Landesverteidigungsakademie: "Protection of Cultural Heritage in Peace Operations""
1583:, unfortunately, seems to be doing the same thing that other militaries do. Even the guardians have to be guarded."
1013:(UNMOGIP) was authorized to monitor relations between the two nations, which were divided from each other after the
8432:
6053:
5222:
3379:
1152:
1006:
888:
318:
314:
8279:
8167:
6659:
6277:
5809:
5227:
5212:
4781:
4757:
4402:
4362:
3969:
2372:
2340:
1769:
1302:
1162:
1001:, where a conflict between the Israelis and the Arab states concerning the creation of Israel had just reached a
263:
181:
174:
937:
7587:
5407:
4931:
4867:
4769:
4067:
3462:
Victoria K. Holt, and Michael G. Mackinnon. "The origins and evolution of US policy towards peace operations."
3434:
1047:
286:
214:
188:
92:
1806:
1378:
As of June 2022, 120 countries were contributing a total of 74,892 personnel in Peacekeeping Operations, with
897:
A United Nations peacekeeping mission has three power centers. The first is the Special Representative of the
7808:
7172:
6101:
6019:
5940:
5898:
5858:
5786:
5467:
5392:
5377:
4706:
4437:
3467:
2781:
1848:
1785:
7665:
6007:
5868:
4638:
336:
it itself is controlled by many groups namely the 15-member Security Council and the intentionally diverse
329:
306:
70:
4079:
5083:
4454:
2809:"Explaining the Variation in Gender Composition of Personnel Contributions to UN Peacekeeping Operations"
909:
5242:
4163: : compiled from the corresponding Knowledge articles. When a range was given, the median was used.
4044:
4020:
239:
monitor and observe peace processes in post-conflict areas and assist ex-combatants in implementing the
7136:
6337:
5878:
5841:
5836:
5422:
5170:
4842:
4730:
4480:
4478:
Pushkina, Darya (June 2006). "A Recipe for Success? Ingredients of a Successful Peacekeeping Mission".
3921:
1032:
337:
167:
7583:
5611:
5597:
5485:
5128:
5033:
5016:
4687:
4577:
4546:
4511:
4304:
4260:
4241:
1991:
1764:
1743:
1572:
1460:
1245:
1036:
403:
4376:
2964:
7552:
5903:
5888:
5473:
4461:
Who leads peace operations? A new dataset on leadership positions in UN peace operations, 1948–2019
3032:
The Impact of Women Peacekeepers on Public Support for Peacekeeping in Troop-Contributing Countries
1981:
7008:
6988:
4460:
1046:
Returning its attention to the conflict between Israel and its Arab neighbors, the United Nations
8475:
7711:
6903:
5848:
4631:
4265:
4246:
3681:
3304:
2800:
1184:
and Mozambique were ongoing, the Security Council dispatched peacekeepers to conflict zones like
1071:
990:
since 1948, with seventeen operations ongoing. Suggestions for new missions are made every year.
356:
there, described the problems this poses by comparison to more traditional military deployments:
4203:
A U.N. Rapid Reaction Force? A Discussion of the Issues and Considerations for U.S. Policymakers
2368:"Approved resources for peacekeeping operations for the period from 1 July 2018 to 30 June 2019"
2336:"Approved resources for peacekeeping operations for the period from 1 July 2017 to 30 June 2018"
2105:
2099:
7626:
7495:
7484:
7465:
7450:
7439:
7428:
7413:
7402:
7391:
7380:
7365:
7354:
7343:
7324:
7313:
7302:
7291:
7276:
7261:
7246:
7235:
7224:
7213:
7198:
6883:
6872:
6861:
6850:
6842:
6833:
6821:
6814:
6810:
6533:
6305:
6301:
6241:
5935:
5397:
5118:
4371:
4187:
1996:
1986:
1680:
1659:
1580:
1455:
1201:
1040:
946:
3567:
Sambanis, Nicholas (2008). "Short- and Long-Term Effects of United Nations Peace Operations".
2139:
8442:
8437:
8410:
7328:
6960:
6572:
6313:
6162:
6134:
6126:
5923:
5821:
5534:
4976:
4697:
3179:
2726:
1561:
arrival of peacekeeping troops has been associated with a rapid rise in child prostitution."
1519:
1449:
1280:
1261:
1249:
1067:
1059:
892:
407:
5965:
4351:
4334:
3151:. Oxford Studies in Gender and International Relations. Oxford University Press. p. 2.
3146:
3092:"Women's participation in UN peacekeeping operations: agents of change or stranded symbols?"
2266:
2071:
8427:
7443:
6429:
6349:
6261:
6152:
6116:
6111:
6063:
5794:
5043:
1894:
1498:
1330:
898:
618:
5884:
International Decade for a Culture of Peace and Non-Violence for the Children of the World
2514:
1102:
8:
7677:
6249:
5853:
3990:"UN troops buy sex from teenage refugees in Congo camp - Africa, World - The Independent"
1502:
1193:
1142:
1021:
379:
283:, or coalitions of willing countries to perform peacekeeping or peace-enforcement tasks.
7140:
7088:
6783:
6521:
4669:
4617:
4166:
1595:
A comparison of incidents involving United Nations peacekeepers, troops, and employees.
80:
7560:
7473:
7395:
6721:
6647:
6564:
6459:
6293:
6285:
5985:
4594:
4563:
4528:
4497:
4421:
4321:
4290:
3895:
3736:
3635:
3525:
3371:
3363:
3036:
3004:
2894:
2836:
2774:
2583:
1506:
1342:
4181:
1530:
found that UN peacekeeping in South Sudan had a positive effect on the local economy.
7671:
7607:
7369:
7254:
7072:
6767:
6751:
6713:
6494:
6486:
6365:
6325:
6226:
6191:
5995:
5950:
5930:
5815:
5585:
5479:
5417:
5217:
4678:
4598:
4567:
4532:
4501:
4385:
4325:
4294:
4225:
https://www.ipinst.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/pdfs_terrorism-directory_6-DPKO.pdf
4207:
4109:
3994:
3853:
3812:
3740:
3728:
3687:
3660:
3627:
3529:
3512:
Lundgren, Magnus (2016). "Which international organizations can settle civil wars?".
3375:
3355:
3152:
3071:
2990:
2828:
2566:
2109:
1976:
1701:
1232:
1110:
1082:
1075:
267:
226:
6417:
3639:
3062:
2626:
349:
324:
7646:
7634:
7488:
7373:
7295:
7080:
7016:
6556:
6513:
6463:
6425:
5551:
5491:
5461:
5143:
4837:
4586:
4555:
4520:
4489:
4436:
15.1 (2008): 18–34; regarding the Bill Clinton and George W. Bush administrations.
4411:
4393:
4381:
4346:
4313:
4282:
3843:
3802:
3792:
3720:
3617:
3584:
3576:
3517:
3347:
2820:
2575:
2288:
2234:
2209:
2176:
1722:
1638:
1617:
1189:
353:
28:
6917:
6257:
4138:
3945:
3148:
Equal Opportunity Peacekeeping: Women, Peace, and Security in Post-Conflict States
1094:
8489:
7640:
7469:
7336:
7239:
7064:
6952:
6929:
6909:
6482:
6437:
4914:
4444:
4253:
4173:
4086:
3976:
3475:
3285:
3273:
1932:
1338:
998:
310:
240:
117:
6705:
6176:
4472:
United Nations Peacekeeping Challenge: The Importance of the Integrated Approach
7817:
7696:
7596:
7572:
7458:
7347:
7269:
7202:
7128:
7100:
7096:
6972:
6948:
6876:
6775:
6759:
6409:
4654:
4542:"'Too Sweet and Innocent for War'?: Dutch Peacekeepers and the Use of Violence"
4524:
4317:
3228:
3138:
3054:
2971:
2890:
Perceptions and Lived Realities of Women Police Officers in UN Peace Operations
2446:
2377:
2345:
2025:
1903:
1326:
1288:
1217:) and East Timor (United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor, or
1017:
1014:
520:
302:
Bangladesh Emergency Crash and Rescue Section of MONUSCO Force, in Bunia, Ituri
230:
154:
146:
7048:
6921:
6854:
4493:
4286:
3848:
3831:
3724:
3521:
2579:
604:'s stabilizing effects on the country, the mission was ended on 30 June 2017.
391:
8507:
7511:
7417:
7332:
7164:
7152:
7116:
7112:
6980:
6791:
6678:
6548:
6498:
6317:
6269:
4590:
4559:
4113:
3871:
3857:
3816:
3732:
3631:
3359:
3351:
2832:
2824:
2214:
2197:
1898:
454:
218:
4211:
4068:
http://law.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3113&context=expresso
3336:"Preparing for peace: Myths and realities of Canadian peacekeeping training"
3242:
1548:
Peacekeeping § Peacekeeping, human trafficking, and forced prostitution
7566:
7306:
7265:
7228:
7217:
7180:
7108:
7024:
6887:
6686:
6639:
6345:
6245:
6181:
6058:
5918:
4919:
3040:
3008:
2898:
1541:
1334:
1284:
961:
256:
or helmets) can include soldiers, police officers, and civilian personnel.
236:
4612:
4139:"Trafficking - Women - Girls - Bosnia - Herzegovina - Forced Prostitution"
3580:
3030:
2998:
2888:
2181:
2164:
1301:(S/RES/1325) on women, peace, and security was adopted unanimously by the
7543:
7454:
7421:
7040:
7004:
6968:
6529:
6147:
5961:
Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (the Mandela Rules)
3832:"Mission (im)possible? UN military peacekeeping operations in civil wars"
2263:"U.N. states agree $ 7.3 bln peacekeeping budget, U.S. share cut 7.5 pct"
1564:
1173:
1148:
1128:
1051:
942:
222:
8484:
3807:
3367:
3335:
3000:
Female Peacekeepers and Operational Effectiveness in UN Peace Operations
2840:
2808:
2587:
1926:
993:
The first peacekeeping mission was initiated in 1948. This mission, the
953:, France. These vehicles have served with the UN since the inception of
7432:
7317:
7206:
6357:
6048:
5113:
4425:
3797:
3780:
3606:"Evaluating the Conflict-Reducing Effect of UN Peacekeeping Operations"
3427:
2938:
2854:
2561:
2424:
1827:
1557:
1429:
1379:
1371:
1197:
1177:
1166:
1028:
983:
979:
396:
3656:
Does Peacekeeping Work?: Shaping Belligerents' Choices After Civil War
3589:
3299:
3297:
3295:
2609:"Beyond Peace Deals: The United Nations Experiment in "Peacebuilding""
2442:
2047:
1062:
suggested that the United Nations station a peacekeeping force in the
7160:
6651:
2912:
1586:
1568:
1363:
1002:
343:
If the Security Council approves the creation of a mission, then the
4416:
4397:
4201:
3172:
2880:
2489:
2469:"United Nations troop and police contributors archive (1990 - 2013)"
1893:
One suggestion to account for delays such as the one in Rwanda is a
16:
Monitoring and observation of peace processes in post-conflict areas
5038:
5026:
4541:
3622:
3605:
3604:
Hegre, Håvard; Hultman, Lisa; Nygård, Håvard Mokleiv (2018-11-28).
3292:
3112:
3022:
2947:"The Importance of Meaningful Participation of Female Peacekeepers"
2807:
Crawford, Kerry F.; Lebovic, James H.; Macdonald, Julia M. (2015).
2367:
2335:
1553:
1425:
1395:
1359:
1181:
970:
1333:
to consider the special needs of women and girls during conflict,
7280:
5956:
Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice
4623:
3286:"United Nations Peacekeepers - How are peacekeepers compensated?"
2196:
Lundgren, Magnus; Oksamytna, Kseniya; Katharina, Coleman (2021).
1421:
1185:
1132:
691:
659:
494:
2633:(in German). BMLVS-Abteilung Kommunikation-Referat 3. 2019-09-27
1942:
United Nations Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs
1354:
8161:
8149:
6825:
5103:
5021:
4991:
4956:
3084:
2997:
Osland, Kari M.; Nortvedt, Jenny; Røysamb, Maria Gilen (2020).
2700:
1406:
1391:
1241:
1237:
1106:
969:
United Nations peacekeeping was initially developed during the
950:
559:
533:
507:
1401:
965:
A Pakistani UNOSOM armed convoy making the rounds in Mogadishu
913:
Total size of United Nations peacekeeping forces, 1947 to 2014
402:
The financial resources of UN Peacekeeping operations are the
8155:
5001:
3779:
Bove, Vincenzo; Salvatore, Jessica Di; Elia, Leandro (2021).
2163:
Oksamytna, Kseniya; Bove, Vincenzo; Lundgren, Magnus (2021).
1433:
1417:
1410:
1387:
1383:
572:
546:
481:
468:
271:
253:
58:
3327:
2921:"Increasing Female Participation in Peacekeeping Operations"
2758:"Increasing Female Participation in Peacekeeping Operations"
2562:"The Political Challenges of Administering Eastern Slavonia"
2314:"UN ends peacekeeping mission in Ivory Coast after 13 years"
1902:
same training, equipment, and procedures, and would conduct
1011:
United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan
3830:
Pushkina, Darya; Siewert, Markus B.; Wolff, Stefan (2021).
1575:
efforts are established. She observed: "The issue with the
1063:
1005:. The UNTSO remains in operation to this day, although the
276:
7033:
International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War
3781:"UN Peacekeeping and Households' Well-Being in Civil Wars"
3402:"The Fall of Canadian Peacekeeping: Should It Be Revived?"
3229:"Background Note – United Nations Peacekeeping Operations"
2195:
2010:
1623:
United Nations Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo
2749:
313:
during UN Medal Awarding Parade at Bunia, Orientale, the
3755:"A U.N. Peacekeeping Mission Is Afghanistan's Best Hope"
2806:
2677:"Action plan to preserve heritage sites during conflict"
1552:
Reporters witnessed a rapid increase of prostitution in
1542:
Peacekeeping, human trafficking, and forced prostitution
1518:
engage host states in the process of reform". Likewise,
4206:. Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress.
3267:"Fatalities by Nationality and Mission up to 8/31/2018"
1833:
United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo
1576:
1567:
spoke out in 2004 about the fact that prostitution and
1325:
acknowledged the disproportionate and unique impact of
6221:
4188:
Report of the Panel on United Nations Peace Operations
1909:
4167:
http://www.unwire.org/unwire/20030411/33133_story.asp
2996:
2539:"Lester B. Pearson: 1957 Nobel Peace Prize Recipient"
2165:"Leadership selection in United Nations peacekeeping"
2162:
1172:
By and large, the new operations were successful. In
692:
Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic
7359:
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
5914:
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
5864:
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
3829:
2652:"A historic resolution to protect cultural heritage"
1922:
1035:
in 1953, UN forces remained along the south side of
4335:"Pitfalls and Prospects in the Peacekeeping Future"
1329:on women and girls. It calls for the adoption of a
88:
Under-Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations
5971:Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
4333:Fortna, Virginia Page; Lise Morjé, Howard (2008).
4099:
3603:
3435:"The benefits of policing beyond Canadian borders"
2400:"Total size of United Nations peacekeeping forces"
1587:Human rights violations in United Nations missions
976:the five permanent members of the Security Council
7407:International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons
6107:United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights
4470:Powles, Anna, Negar Partow, Nelson (eds). (2015)
3778:
3060:
8505:
4332:
2235:"How we are funded. United Nations Peacekeeping"
2127:
2125:
1947:International Day of United Nations Peacekeepers
1070:, but the Egyptians were suspicious of having a
6081:World Federation of United Nations Associations
5576:Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
2782:"Facts and figures: Women, peace, and security"
1299:United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325
1231:The UN Peacekeeping's commitment to protecting
7541:
4398:"The Evolution of United Nations Peacekeeping"
4101:"UN staff accused of raping children in Sudan"
3516:. DOI 10.1007/s11558-016-9253-0 (4): 613–641.
3488:"Enough with the Pessimism about Peacekeeping"
3394:
3144:
2543:Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada
2425:"University of Minnesota Human Rights Library"
1957:List of countries by number of UN peacekeepers
1686:United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea
8423:United Nations Department of Peace Operations
7794:
7527:
6997:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
6730:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
6207:
4639:
2122:
1812:United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti
1728:United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda
995:United Nations Truce Supervision Organization
885:United Nations Department of Peace Operations
5976:Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons
1952:List of United Nations peacekeeping missions
836:Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara
4301:
3922:"Congo's Desperate 'One-Dollar U.N. Girls'"
3836:European Journal of International Relations
3061:Secretary-General, United Nations. (2002).
7801:
7787:
7534:
7520:
6214:
6200:
6069:Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action
5981:UN Advisory Committee of Local Authorities
4646:
4632:
4616:
3872:"The Impact of Armed Conflict on Children"
3864:
3333:
3204:"United Nations Peacekeeping Contribution"
2701:"Austrian Armed Forces Mission in Lebanon"
2559:
2515:"History > Post-1953: Evolution of UNC"
196:United Nations Economic and Social Council
7285:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
4508:
4415:
4375:
4350:
3847:
3806:
3796:
3621:
3588:
2213:
2180:
1791:United Nations Operation in Côte d'Ivoire
1536:
1274:2023 (on 25 May) in Goma, North Kivu, DRC
328:A multinational UN battalion at the 2008
281:Economic Community of West African States
260:Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter
8519:Organizations awarded Nobel Peace Prizes
6800:International Committee of the Red Cross
6632:International Committee of the Red Cross
6589:Nansen International Office for Refugees
6395:International Committee of the Red Cross
5498:Conference on International Organization
4477:
4392:
4199:
4045:"Global Rules Now Apply to Peacekeepers"
3566:
3511:
3334:Dorn, A. Walter; Libben, Joshua (2018).
2229:
2227:
2225:
1400:
1353:
1265:
1101:
1093:
1009:has persisted. Almost a year later, the
960:
936:
932:
908:
852:Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo
390:
323:
305:
297:
7149:International Campaign to Ban Landmines
5413:Office international d'hygiène publique
4574:
4352:10.1146/annurev.polisci.9.041205.103022
2944:
2860:
2553:
2256:
2254:
2101:Perspectives on International Relations
1888:
1854:United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon
1382:leading the tally (6,700), followed by
1272:International Day of the UN peacekeeper
1270:Three female UN Peacekeepers celebrate
1226:United Nations Peacebuilding Commission
1056:Secretary of State for External Affairs
997:(UNTSO), was sent to the newly created
986:. As of December 2019, there have been
602:the Ivory Coast UN peacekeeping mission
352:, force commander in Rwanda during the
8506:
5208:Spokesperson for the Secretary-General
4359:
3679:
3652:
3382:from the original on February 29, 2024
3315:from the original on February 26, 2024
2886:
1665:United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone
1644:United Nations Operation in Somalia II
1283:have regularly participated in global
1224:That period resulted, in part, in the
928:History of United Nations peacekeeping
7782:
7515:
6195:
6122:UN television film series (1964–1966)
5874:International Narcotics Control Board
5805:Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty
5593:Declaration on the Rights of Peasants
5564:Convention on the Rights of the Child
5542:Universal Declaration of Human Rights
4627:
4270:
3785:American Journal of Political Science
3709:"UN Peacekeeping and the Rule of Law"
3706:
3514:Review of International Organizations
3028:
2918:
2755:
2731:United Nations UN Audiovisual Library
2222:
1528:American Journal of Political Science
345:Department of Peacekeeping Operations
266:the power and responsibility to take
5946:United Nations Postal Administration
5581:Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues
5300:Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
4539:
4453:. (Cambridge University Press 2008)
4097:
3653:Fortna, Virginia Page (2008-07-21).
3070:. New York: : United Nations.
2976:Meetings Coverage and Press Releases
2867:Network for Strategic Analysis (NSA)
2443:"DATA | United Nations Peacekeeping"
2306:
2251:
2104:. Washington DC: CQ Press. pp.
2093:
2091:
1972:List of non-UN peacekeeping missions
1967:Timeline of UN peacekeeping missions
1897:, a peacekeeping force similar to a
1523:likelier to pacify warring parties.
1098:Bangladesh forces under MINUSMA Mali
788:Mission for Justice Support in Haiti
136:United Nations peacekeeping missions
5349:Permanent representatives to the UN
5238:Political and Peacebuilding Affairs
4274:Global Change, Peace & Security
3946:"UN troops face child abuse claims"
3884:from the original on 16 March 2003.
2260:
2097:
1910:Restructuring of the UN secretariat
1875:
1707:United Nations Operation in Burundi
1345:, and post-conflict reconstruction.
1043:and South Korean forces took over.
13:
7385:Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet
7251:International Atomic Energy Agency
6664:American Friends Service Committee
6158:Withdrawal from the United Nations
5344:Security Council Permanent members
4653:
4613:United Nations Peacekeeping Forces
4339:Annual Review of Political Science
4233:
1870:
660:Stabilization Mission in the Congo
420:Funding sources by country/source
211:Peacekeeping by the United Nations
203:United Nations Trusteeship Council
14:
8530:
6866:International Labour Organization
6143:United Nations in popular culture
5827:Expulsion from the United Nations
5772:General Assembly President (2016)
4606:
3713:American Political Science Review
3680:Howard, Lise Morjé (2019-05-16).
3145:Karim, S.; Beardsley, K. (2017).
2951:Women In International Security -
2861:Raymond, Camille (Nov 27, 2020).
2088:
1962:Multinational Force and Observers
1749:United Nations Mission in Liberia
1515:American Political Science Review
1208:) transitional administration in
8483:
8470:
8469:
8456:
8433:United Nations Military Observer
7810:
6175:
4386:10.1111/j.0020-8833.2004.00301.x
4080:No One to Turn To - BBC Analysis
3184:United States Institute of Peace
2029:, 31 August 2020, archived from
1925:
1466:
1349:
1248:) in 2019 sought to protect the
1141:
1121:
982:" waged by client states of the
889:United Nations Military Observer
756:Interim Security Force for Abyei
565:
552:
539:
526:
513:
500:
487:
474:
461:
447:
319:Bangladesh UN Peacekeeping Force
315:Democratic Republic of the Congo
153:
27:
8457:
7065:Tenzin Gyatso (14th Dalai Lama)
6278:Institut de Droit International
5731:International Court of Justice
5280:Sport for Development and Peace
4363:International Studies Quarterly
4218:
4193:
4155:
4131:
4120:from the original on 2022-01-12
4091:
4073:
4061:
4037:
4013:
3982:
3963:
3938:
3914:
3888:
3823:
3772:
3747:
3700:
3673:
3646:
3597:
3560:
3536:
3505:
3480:
3456:
3445:from the original on 2024-02-29
3412:from the original on 2024-03-14
3278:
3259:
3235:
3221:
3196:
2919:Bigio, Jamille (Aug 13, 2018).
2743:
2719:
2707:
2693:
2669:
2644:
2619:
2601:
2531:
2507:
2482:
2461:
2435:
2417:
2392:
2373:United Nations General Assembly
2360:
2341:United Nations General Assembly
2328:
2281:
2169:International Studies Quarterly
1770:United Nations Mission in Sudan
1287:efforts, including through the
264:United Nations Security Council
182:United Nations General Assembly
175:United Nations Security Council
5408:Permanent Court of Arbitration
5403:International Peace Conference
4770:International Court of Justice
3686:. Cambridge University Press.
3659:. Princeton University Press.
3569:The World Bank Economic Review
2727:"BEIRUT / HERITAGE PROTECTION"
2189:
2156:
2064:
2040:
1305:, after recalling resolutions
215:Department of Peace Operations
189:International Court of Justice
1:
6804:League of Red Cross Societies
6330:Paul Estournelles de Constant
5941:Sustainable Development Goals
5468:Declaration by United Nations
5393:International Telegraph Union
4451:UN Peacekeeping in Civil Wars
3896:"Sex charges haunt UN forces"
3492:Political Violence @ a Glance
3439:Royal Canadian Mounted Police
2945:Rudberg, Eric (May 4, 2023).
2756:Bigio, Jamille (2018-08-13).
2048:"United Nations Peacekeeping"
2003:
1151:doctors attend to a child in
1089:
988:72 UN peacekeeping operations
904:
676:Stabilization Mission in Mali
5869:International Criminal Court
5305:UN organizations by location
4021:"UN Peacekeepers Criticized"
3998:. 2009-03-12. Archived from
2925:Council on Foreign Relations
2762:Council on Foreign Relations
2545:. 2012-10-18. Archived from
1358:Alpine Helicopters contract
1058:(and future Prime Minister)
1007:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
878:
820:Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus
804:Disengagement Observer Force
386:
330:Bastille Day military parade
293:
252:because of their light blue
7:
8514:United Nations peacekeeping
7616:United Nations peacekeeping
6003:Security Council veto power
5310:Sexual Violence in Conflict
5233:Economic and Social Affairs
4804:Economic and Social Council
3759:www.worldpoliticsreview.com
3544:"Peacekeepers in name only"
3247:United Nations Peacekeeping
3120:"Women, peace and security"
2703:(in German). 28 April 2019.
2681:United Nations Peacekeeping
2052:United Nations Peacekeeping
1918:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1695:
1692:
1689:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1632:
1629:
1626:
1362:on UN peacekeeping duty in
1133:UN mission in Congo, Africa
581:world military expenditures
395:Australian peacekeepers in
41:; 79 years ago
22:United Nations Peacekeeping
10:
8535:
8396:History of UN peacekeeping
7478:Center for Civil Liberties
6338:International Peace Bureau
6054:UN Memorial Cemetery Korea
5879:International Day of Peace
5361:General Assembly Observers
4684:General Assembly President
4578:Armed Forces & Society
4547:Armed Forces & Society
4525:10.1177/0095327X0002700105
4512:Armed Forces & Society
4481:International Peacekeeping
4449:Howard, Lise Morjé. 2008.
4434:International peacekeeping
4318:10.1177/0095327X9702300302
4305:Armed Forces & Society
4261:Armed Forces & Society
4242:Armed Forces & Society
4200:Serafino, Nina M. (1995).
4176:United Nations Foundation.
3464:International peacekeeping
2813:Armed Forces & Society
2716:UNESCO, 13 September 2017.
2490:"The Korean War armistice"
1545:
1475:
1447:
1259:
1033:Korean Armistice Agreement
925:
921:
882:
369:Shake Hands With the Devil
338:United Nations Secretariat
270:to maintain international
168:United Nations Secretariat
8451:
8388:
8331:
8272:
8213:
8142:
7975:
7968:
7935:
7912:
7895:
7881:
7834:
7827:
7706:
7687:
7656:
7625:
7606:
7582:
7551:
7190:
6939:
6696:
6473:
6233:
6171:
6094:
5785:
5707:
5610:
5598:World Heritage Convention
5507:
5486:Dumbarton Oaks Conference
5448:
5385:
5376:
5322:
5196:General Assembly Building
5169:
5052:
4824:
4723:
4705:
4696:
4661:
4494:10.1080/13533310500436508
4465:Journal of Peace Research
4287:10.1080/14781150600687775
4098:Holt, Kate (2007-01-02).
3900:Christian Science Monitor
3849:10.1177/13540661211046602
3725:10.1017/S0003055420000738
3707:Blair, Robert A. (2021).
3522:10.1007/s11558-016-9253-0
3309:The Canadian Encyclopedia
3305:"Canada and Peacekeeping"
3272:27 September 2018 at the
3064:Women, Peace and Security
2887:Kumalo, Liezelle (2021).
2580:10.1163/19426720-01001005
2265:. Reuters. Archived from
2202:Journal of Peace Research
1992:Responsibility to protect
1849:Israeli–Lebanese conflict
1765:Second Sudanese Civil War
1744:Second Liberian Civil War
1573:humanitarian intervention
1443:
1246:Blue Shield International
708:Support Office in Somalia
617:Operation-Level Budgets (
404:collective responsibility
131:
126:
116:
111:
103:
98:
86:
76:
69:
53:
35:
26:
21:
8494:Updated in November 2023
7173:Médecins Sans Frontières
5904:Military Staff Committee
5243:Dag Hammarskjöld Library
4746:Deputy Secretary-General
4675:Deputy Secretary-General
4591:10.1177/0095327X05283843
4560:10.1177/0095327X05281453
3352:10.1177/0020702018788552
2825:10.1177/0095327X14523416
2215:10.1177/0022343320940763
2133:"DPKO Capstone Doctrine"
1982:White Helmets Commission
1807:2004 Haitian coup d'état
1461:Canadian police officers
1255:
724:Interim Force in Lebanon
600:While many have praised
378:the conflict is on. The
7821:Peacekeeping Operations
6660:Friends Service Council
6075:Woodrow Wilson Memorial
6037:UN International School
6032:UN Federal Credit Union
6013:Security Council reform
5849:Four Nations Initiative
5777:Security Council (2016)
5620:Security Council vetoes
4751:Under-Secretary-General
4459:Jenne, Nicole (2022). "
3610:The Journal of Politics
2786:UN Women – Headquarters
1786:Côte d'Ivoire Civil War
1603:United Nations Mission
1581:peacekeeping operations
1109:Peacekeeper during the
372:, Dallaire, pp. 99–100)
7712:Nobel Prize recipients
7658:Physiology or Medicine
7057:UN Peacekeeping Forces
6906: (declined award)
6815:Martin Luther King Jr.
6025:Security Council mural
5991:Millennium Declaration
5936:SDG Publishers Compact
5398:Universal Postal Union
4443:21 August 2020 at the
3474:21 August 2020 at the
2519:United Nations Command
1997:Security-related bills
1987:International security
1915:strategic directions.
1681:Eritrean-Ethiopian War
1660:Sierra Leone Civil War
1537:Crimes by peacekeepers
1413:
1367:
1275:
1202:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1114:
1099:
974:international powers (
966:
958:
914:
644:Mission in South Sudan
399:
375:
332:
321:
303:
213:is a role of the UN's
8443:Women in peacekeeping
8438:United Nations Police
7329:Ellen Johnson Sirleaf
7009:Alfonso García Robles
6989:Adolfo Pérez Esquivel
6961:Amnesty International
6573:Carlos Saavedra Lamas
6163:Women in peacekeeping
5822:Drug control treaties
4403:International Affairs
3683:Power in Peacekeeping
3340:International Journal
3180:"What is UNSCR 1325?"
3029:Huber, Laura (2022).
1546:Further information:
1520:Georgetown University
1450:Canadian peacekeeping
1404:
1357:
1269:
1262:Women in peacekeeping
1250:UNESCO World Heritage
1105:
1097:
1068:Canadian peacekeepers
1060:Lester Bowles Pearson
964:
940:
933:Cold War peacekeeping
912:
893:United Nations Police
406:of UN Member States.
394:
358:
327:
309:
301:
147:United Nations System
8428:United Nations Medal
7444:World Food Programme
6117:United Nations Radio
6112:United Nations Medal
6064:University for Peace
5795:Bretton Woods system
5530:governed territories
5275:Developing Countries
5186:Secretariat Building
5055:Specialized agencies
4540:Sion, Liora (2006).
4085:15 June 2010 at the
4049:www.globalpolicy.org
4025:www.globalpolicy.org
3979:The U.N. Sex Scandal
3035:(Technical report).
3003:(Technical report).
2893:(Technical report).
2072:"Peace and Security"
2036:on 19 September 2020
1895:rapid reaction force
1889:Rapid reaction force
1526:A 2021 study in the
1513:A 2021 study in the
1499:Virginia Page Fortna
943:Panhard armoured car
8490:Politics portal
7678:George H. Hitchings
7125:Pugwash Conferences
5889:International Years
5854:Genocide Convention
5290:Outer Space Affairs
5285:Disarmament Affairs
5250:Safety and Security
5191:Conference Building
5171:Secretariat offices
4816:Trusteeship Council
3970:The Weekly Standard
3926:The Washington Post
3902:. November 26, 2004
3581:10.1093/wber/lhm022
3494:. 24 September 2015
3466:15.1 (2008): 18-34
2560:D. Boothby (2004).
2549:on 15 January 2013.
2261:Nichols, Michelle.
2239:peacekeeping.un.org
2182:10.1093/isq/sqaa023
2098:Nau, Henry (2015).
1906:with other forces.
1596:
1503:Columbia University
1456:during the Cold War
1303:UN Security Council
1022:Indian subcontinent
622:
380:Rules of Engagement
287:Jean-Pierre Lacroix
93:Jean-Pierre Lacroix
8214:Asia & Pacific
7896:Asia & Pacific
7561:Johann Deisenhofer
7396:Juan Manuel Santos
6722:George C. Marshall
6565:Carl von Ossietzky
6460:Austen Chamberlain
6326:A. M. F. Beernaert
6294:Theodore Roosevelt
6286:Bertha von Suttner
5909:Official languages
5456:London Declaration
5265:Internal Oversight
5255:Palestinian Rights
4827:Funds, programmes,
4615:on Nobelprize.org
4252:2009-04-06 at the
4172:2009-02-12 at the
3975:2020-12-09 at the
3798:10.1111/ajps.12644
1594:
1507:Uppsala University
1414:
1368:
1341:, rehabilitation,
1331:gender perspective
1276:
1115:
1100:
1037:demilitarized zone
967:
959:
915:
772:Mission in Liberia
616:
579:Less than 0.5% of
400:
333:
322:
304:
77:Commander-in-chief
8501:
8500:
8384:
8383:
7964:
7963:
7776:
7775:
7689:Economic Sciences
7672:Gertrude B. Elion
7509:
7508:
7370:Kailash Satyarthi
7255:Mohamed ElBaradei
7073:Mikhail Gorbachev
6768:Philip Noel-Baker
6752:Lester B. Pearson
6714:Albert Schweitzer
6495:Ferdinand Buisson
6487:Gustav Stresemann
6366:Henri La Fontaine
6227:Nobel Peace Prize
6189:
6188:
6020:UN Art Collection
5996:Millennium Summit
5951:UN Block By Block
5931:Ralph Bunche Park
5899:UN laissez-passer
5859:UN Global Compact
5816:Delivering as One
5715:Secretary-General
5606:
5605:
5586:Indigenous Caucus
5480:Tehran Conference
5474:Moscow Conference
5449:Preparatory years
5418:League of Nations
5318:
5317:
5218:Palace of Nations
4920:UNEP/GRID-Arendal
4736:Secretary-General
4679:Amina J. Mohammed
4666:Secretary-General
4474:(Routledge, 2015)
4394:Goulding, Marrack
3995:Independent.co.uk
3693:978-1-108-45718-7
3666:978-0-691-13671-4
3265:UN Peacekeeping,
3209:. UN Peacekeeping
3158:978-0-19-060243-7
2567:Global Governance
2429:hrlibrary.umn.edu
2404:Our World in Data
2115:978-1-4522-4148-7
1977:NATO peacekeeping
1868:
1867:
1702:Burundi Civil War
1297:In October 2000,
1233:cultural heritage
1111:Siege of Sarajevo
1083:Nobel Peace Prize
1076:Nobel Peace Prize
1039:until 1967, when
947:Musée des Blindés
899:Secretary-General
876:
875:
740:Mission in Darfur
611:
610:
268:collective action
227:peace enforcement
208:
207:
141:
140:
8526:
8488:
8487:
8473:
8472:
8460:
8459:
7973:
7972:
7832:
7831:
7828:Current missions
7816:
7814:
7813:
7803:
7796:
7789:
7780:
7779:
7714:
7647:Jack Steinberger
7635:Leon M. Lederman
7618:(United Nations)
7536:
7529:
7522:
7513:
7512:
7502:
7491:
7489:Narges Mohammadi
7480:
7461:
7446:
7435:
7424:
7409:
7398:
7387:
7376:
7374:Malala Yousafzai
7361:
7350:
7339:
7320:
7309:
7298:
7296:Martti Ahtisaari
7287:
7272:
7257:
7242:
7231:
7220:
7209:
7183:
7175:
7167:
7155:
7143:
7141:José Ramos-Horta
7131:
7119:
7103:
7091:
7089:Rigoberta Menchú
7083:
7081:Aung San Suu Kyi
7075:
7067:
7059:
7051:
7043:
7035:
7027:
7019:
7011:
6999:
6991:
6983:
6975:
6963:
6955:
6953:Mairead Corrigan
6932:
6924:
6912:
6897:
6896:
6890:
6879:
6868:
6857:
6846:
6845:
6837:
6836:
6828:
6817:
6806:
6794:
6786:
6784:Dag Hammarskjöld
6778:
6770:
6762:
6754:
6746:
6745:
6739:
6738:
6732:
6724:
6716:
6708:
6689:
6681:
6673:
6672:
6666:
6654:
6642:
6634:
6626:
6625:
6619:
6618:
6612:
6611:
6605:
6604:
6598:
6597:
6591:
6583:
6575:
6567:
6559:
6557:Arthur Henderson
6551:
6543:
6542:
6536:
6524:
6522:Nathan Söderblom
6516:
6514:Frank B. Kellogg
6508:
6507:
6501:
6489:
6466:
6454:
6453:
6447:
6446:
6440:
6432:
6426:Hjalmar Branting
6420:
6412:
6404:
6403:
6397:
6389:
6388:
6382:
6381:
6375:
6374:
6368:
6360:
6352:
6340:
6332:
6320:
6308:
6296:
6288:
6280:
6272:
6264:
6252:
6216:
6209:
6202:
6193:
6192:
6182:World portal
6180:
6179:
6086:Biopiracy treaty
5672:Nagorno-Karabakh
5642:Security Council
5625:General Assembly
5552:Human Rights Day
5492:Yalta Conference
5462:Atlantic Charter
5383:
5382:
5339:Founding members
5260:Peace Operations
5144:World Bank Group
4838:Culture of Peace
4829:and other bodies
4782:Security Council
4758:General Assembly
4724:Principal organs
4703:
4702:
4670:António Guterres
4648:
4641:
4634:
4625:
4624:
4620:
4602:
4571:
4536:
4505:
4429:
4419:
4389:
4379:
4356:
4354:
4329:
4298:
4227:
4222:
4216:
4215:
4197:
4191:
4185:
4179:
4159:
4153:
4152:
4150:
4149:
4135:
4129:
4128:
4126:
4125:
4103:
4095:
4089:
4077:
4071:
4065:
4059:
4058:
4056:
4055:
4041:
4035:
4034:
4032:
4031:
4017:
4011:
4010:
4008:
4007:
3986:
3980:
3967:
3961:
3960:
3958:
3957:
3942:
3936:
3935:
3933:
3932:
3918:
3912:
3911:
3909:
3907:
3892:
3886:
3885:
3883:
3876:
3868:
3862:
3861:
3851:
3827:
3821:
3820:
3810:
3800:
3776:
3770:
3769:
3767:
3766:
3751:
3745:
3744:
3704:
3698:
3697:
3677:
3671:
3670:
3650:
3644:
3643:
3625:
3601:
3595:
3594:
3592:
3564:
3558:
3557:
3555:
3554:
3540:
3534:
3533:
3509:
3503:
3502:
3500:
3499:
3484:
3478:
3460:
3454:
3453:
3451:
3450:
3431:
3425:
3424:
3418:
3417:
3398:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3387:
3346:(2). : 257–281.
3331:
3325:
3324:
3322:
3320:
3311:. Jun 30, 2023.
3301:
3290:
3289:
3282:
3276:
3263:
3257:
3256:
3254:
3253:
3239:
3233:
3232:
3225:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3214:
3208:
3200:
3194:
3193:
3191:
3190:
3176:
3170:
3169:
3167:
3165:
3142:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3131:
3116:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3105:
3096:
3088:
3082:
3081:
3069:
3058:
3052:
3051:
3049:
3047:
3026:
3020:
3019:
3017:
3015:
2994:
2988:
2987:
2985:
2983:
2968:
2962:
2961:
2959:
2957:
2942:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2931:
2916:
2910:
2909:
2907:
2905:
2884:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2873:
2858:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2847:
2819:(2). : 257–281.
2804:
2798:
2797:
2795:
2793:
2778:
2772:
2771:
2769:
2768:
2753:
2747:
2741:
2740:
2738:
2737:
2723:
2717:
2711:
2705:
2704:
2697:
2691:
2690:
2688:
2687:
2673:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2663:
2648:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2638:
2623:
2617:
2616:
2615:. June 22, 2010.
2605:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2594:
2557:
2551:
2550:
2535:
2529:
2528:
2526:
2525:
2511:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2501:
2486:
2480:
2479:
2477:
2475:
2465:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2454:
2439:
2433:
2432:
2421:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2396:
2390:
2389:
2387:
2385:
2364:
2358:
2357:
2355:
2353:
2332:
2326:
2325:
2323:
2321:
2310:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2285:
2279:
2278:
2276:
2274:
2258:
2249:
2248:
2246:
2245:
2231:
2220:
2219:
2217:
2193:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2150:
2144:
2138:. Archived from
2137:
2129:
2120:
2119:
2095:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2082:
2068:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2044:
2038:
2037:
2035:
2022:
2014:
1935:
1930:
1929:
1876:Brahimi analysis
1723:Rwanda Civil War
1639:Somali Civil War
1618:Second Congo War
1612:Extortion/Theft
1597:
1593:
1571:occurs wherever
1210:Eastern Slavonia
1190:Rwandan genocide
1163:Security Council
1145:
1125:
1015:United Kingdom's
872:$ 6,250,839,700
683:$ 1,074,718,900
667:$ 1,114,619,500
651:$ 1,124,960,400
623:
615:
571:
569:
568:
558:
556:
555:
545:
543:
542:
532:
530:
529:
519:
517:
516:
506:
504:
503:
493:
491:
490:
480:
478:
477:
467:
465:
464:
453:
451:
450:
414:
413:
373:
354:Rwandan genocide
290:issued in 2008.
241:peace agreements
162:Principal Organs
157:
143:
142:
127:Related articles
104:Active personnel
81:António Guterres
65:
62:
60:
49:
47:
42:
31:
19:
18:
8534:
8533:
8529:
8528:
8527:
8525:
8524:
8523:
8504:
8503:
8502:
8497:
8493:
8482:
8447:
8380:
8327:
8268:
8209:
8138:
7960:
7931:
7908:
7891:
7877:
7823:
7811:
7809:
7807:
7777:
7772:
7710:
7702:
7683:
7680:(United States)
7674:(United States)
7668:(Great Britain)
7652:
7649:(United States)
7643:(United States)
7641:Melvin Schwartz
7637:(United States)
7621:
7602:
7578:
7547:
7540:
7510:
7505:
7500:to be announced
7494:
7483:
7470:Ales Bialiatski
7464:
7449:
7438:
7427:
7412:
7401:
7390:
7379:
7364:
7353:
7342:
7337:Tawakkol Karman
7323:
7312:
7301:
7290:
7275:
7260:
7245:
7240:Wangari Maathai
7234:
7223:
7212:
7197:
7186:
7178:
7170:
7158:
7146:
7134:
7122:
7106:
7094:
7086:
7078:
7070:
7062:
7054:
7046:
7038:
7030:
7022:
7014:
7002:
6994:
6986:
6978:
6966:
6958:
6946:
6935:
6930:Andrei Sakharov
6927:
6915:
6910:Henry Kissinger
6900:
6894:
6893:
6882:
6871:
6860:
6849:
6841:
6840:
6832:
6831:
6820:
6809:
6797:
6789:
6781:
6773:
6765:
6757:
6749:
6743:
6742:
6736:
6735:
6727:
6719:
6711:
6703:
6692:
6684:
6676:
6670:
6669:
6657:
6645:
6637:
6629:
6623:
6622:
6616:
6615:
6609:
6608:
6602:
6601:
6595:
6594:
6586:
6578:
6570:
6562:
6554:
6546:
6540:
6539:
6534:Nicholas Butler
6527:
6519:
6511:
6505:
6504:
6492:
6483:Aristide Briand
6480:
6469:
6457:
6451:
6450:
6444:
6443:
6438:Fridtjof Nansen
6435:
6430:Christian Lange
6423:
6415:
6407:
6401:
6400:
6392:
6386:
6385:
6379:
6378:
6372:
6371:
6363:
6355:
6343:
6335:
6323:
6311:
6299:
6291:
6283:
6275:
6267:
6255:
6240:
6229:
6220:
6190:
6185:
6174:
6167:
6090:
5781:
5703:
5602:
5503:
5444:
5386:Preceding years
5372:
5325:
5314:
5173:and departments
5172:
5165:
5057:
5048:
4831:
4828:
4820:
4719:
4692:
4657:
4652:
4609:
4445:Wayback Machine
4417:10.2307/2622309
4377:10.1.1.489.1831
4254:Wayback Machine
4236:
4234:Further reading
4231:
4230:
4223:
4219:
4198:
4194:
4186:
4182:
4174:Wayback Machine
4160:
4156:
4147:
4145:
4137:
4136:
4132:
4123:
4121:
4106:Daily Telegraph
4096:
4092:
4087:Wayback Machine
4078:
4074:
4066:
4062:
4053:
4051:
4043:
4042:
4038:
4029:
4027:
4019:
4018:
4014:
4005:
4003:
3988:
3987:
3983:
3977:Wayback Machine
3968:
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3955:
3953:
3944:
3943:
3939:
3930:
3928:
3920:
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3915:
3905:
3903:
3894:
3893:
3889:
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3874:
3870:
3869:
3865:
3828:
3824:
3777:
3773:
3764:
3762:
3753:
3752:
3748:
3705:
3701:
3694:
3678:
3674:
3667:
3651:
3647:
3602:
3598:
3565:
3561:
3552:
3550:
3542:
3541:
3537:
3510:
3506:
3497:
3495:
3486:
3485:
3481:
3476:Wayback Machine
3461:
3457:
3448:
3446:
3433:
3432:
3428:
3415:
3413:
3400:
3399:
3395:
3385:
3383:
3332:
3328:
3318:
3316:
3303:
3302:
3293:
3284:
3283:
3279:
3274:Wayback Machine
3264:
3260:
3251:
3249:
3241:
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3236:
3227:
3226:
3222:
3212:
3210:
3206:
3202:
3201:
3197:
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3043:
3027:
3023:
3013:
3011:
2995:
2991:
2981:
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2913:
2903:
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2885:
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2871:
2869:
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2805:
2801:
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2670:
2661:
2659:
2650:
2649:
2645:
2636:
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2625:
2624:
2620:
2613:Pulitzer Center
2607:
2606:
2602:
2592:
2590:
2558:
2554:
2537:
2536:
2532:
2523:
2521:
2513:
2512:
2508:
2499:
2497:
2488:
2487:
2483:
2473:
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2466:
2462:
2452:
2450:
2441:
2440:
2436:
2423:
2422:
2418:
2408:
2406:
2398:
2397:
2393:
2383:
2381:
2366:
2365:
2361:
2351:
2349:
2334:
2333:
2329:
2319:
2317:
2312:
2311:
2307:
2297:
2295:
2287:
2286:
2282:
2272:
2270:
2269:on 29 June 2017
2259:
2252:
2243:
2241:
2233:
2232:
2223:
2194:
2190:
2161:
2157:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2135:
2131:
2130:
2123:
2116:
2096:
2089:
2080:
2078:
2070:
2069:
2065:
2056:
2054:
2046:
2045:
2041:
2033:
2020:
2016:
2015:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1933:Politics portal
1931:
1924:
1921:
1912:
1904:joint exercises
1891:
1878:
1873:
1871:Proposed reform
1589:
1550:
1544:
1539:
1478:
1469:
1452:
1446:
1409:peacekeeper in
1352:
1347:
1346:
1264:
1258:
1244:(together with
1159:
1158:
1157:
1156:
1155:
1146:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1126:
1092:
1078:for this work.
1031:ended with the
999:State of Israel
935:
930:
924:
907:
895:
881:
869:$ 6,362,900,000
680:$ 1,048,000,000
664:$ 1,141,848,100
648:$ 1,071,000,000
566:
564:
563:
553:
551:
550:
540:
538:
537:
527:
525:
524:
514:
512:
511:
501:
499:
498:
488:
486:
485:
475:
473:
472:
462:
460:
458:
448:
446:
389:
374:
365:
296:
57:
45:
43:
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
8532:
8522:
8521:
8516:
8499:
8498:
8496:
8495:
8479:
8466:
8452:
8449:
8448:
8446:
8445:
8440:
8435:
8430:
8425:
8420:
8419:
8418:
8416:Latin American
8413:
8408:
8403:
8392:
8390:
8386:
8385:
8382:
8381:
8379:
8378:
8372:
8366:
8360:
8354:
8348:
8342:
8335:
8333:
8329:
8328:
8326:
8325:
8319:
8313:
8307:
8301:
8295:
8289:
8283:
8276:
8274:
8270:
8269:
8267:
8266:
8260:
8254:
8248:
8242:
8236:
8230:
8224:
8217:
8215:
8211:
8210:
8208:
8207:
8201:
8195:
8189:
8183:
8177:
8171:
8165:
8159:
8153:
8146:
8144:
8140:
8139:
8137:
8136:
8130:
8124:
8118:
8112:
8106:
8100:
8094:
8088:
8082:
8076:
8070:
8064:
8058:
8052:
8046:
8040:
8034:
8028:
8022:
8016:
8010:
8004:
7998:
7992:
7986:
7979:
7977:
7970:
7966:
7965:
7962:
7961:
7959:
7958:
7952:
7946:
7939:
7937:
7933:
7932:
7930:
7929:
7923:
7916:
7914:
7910:
7909:
7907:
7906:
7899:
7897:
7893:
7892:
7890:
7889:
7885:
7883:
7879:
7878:
7876:
7875:
7869:
7863:
7857:
7851:
7845:
7838:
7836:
7829:
7825:
7824:
7818:United Nations
7806:
7805:
7798:
7791:
7783:
7774:
7773:
7771:
7770:
7765:
7760:
7755:
7750:
7745:
7740:
7735:
7730:
7725:
7720:
7715:
7707:
7704:
7703:
7701:
7700:
7697:Maurice Allais
7693:
7691:
7685:
7684:
7682:
7681:
7675:
7669:
7666:James W. Black
7662:
7660:
7654:
7653:
7651:
7650:
7644:
7638:
7631:
7629:
7623:
7622:
7620:
7619:
7612:
7610:
7604:
7603:
7601:
7600:
7597:Naguib Mahfouz
7593:
7591:
7580:
7579:
7577:
7576:
7573:Hartmut Michel
7570:
7564:
7557:
7555:
7549:
7548:
7539:
7538:
7531:
7524:
7516:
7507:
7506:
7504:
7503:
7492:
7481:
7462:
7459:Dmitry Muratov
7447:
7436:
7425:
7410:
7399:
7388:
7377:
7362:
7351:
7348:European Union
7340:
7321:
7310:
7299:
7288:
7273:
7270:Muhammad Yunus
7258:
7243:
7232:
7221:
7210:
7203:United Nations
7194:
7192:
7188:
7187:
7185:
7184:
7176:
7168:
7156:
7144:
7132:
7129:Joseph Rotblat
7120:
7104:
7101:F. W. de Klerk
7097:Nelson Mandela
7092:
7084:
7076:
7068:
7060:
7052:
7044:
7036:
7028:
7020:
7012:
7000:
6992:
6984:
6976:
6973:Menachem Begin
6964:
6956:
6949:Betty Williams
6943:
6941:
6937:
6936:
6934:
6933:
6925:
6913:
6898:
6891:
6880:
6877:Norman Borlaug
6869:
6858:
6847:
6838:
6829:
6818:
6807:
6795:
6787:
6779:
6776:Albert Luthuli
6771:
6763:
6755:
6747:
6740:
6733:
6725:
6717:
6709:
6700:
6698:
6694:
6693:
6691:
6690:
6682:
6674:
6667:
6655:
6643:
6635:
6627:
6620:
6613:
6606:
6599:
6592:
6584:
6576:
6568:
6560:
6552:
6544:
6537:
6525:
6517:
6509:
6502:
6490:
6477:
6475:
6471:
6470:
6468:
6467:
6455:
6448:
6441:
6433:
6421:
6418:Léon Bourgeois
6413:
6410:Woodrow Wilson
6405:
6398:
6390:
6383:
6376:
6369:
6361:
6353:
6341:
6333:
6321:
6314:Klas Arnoldson
6309:
6302:Ernesto Moneta
6297:
6289:
6281:
6273:
6265:
6253:
6250:Frédéric Passy
6237:
6235:
6231:
6230:
6219:
6218:
6211:
6204:
6196:
6187:
6186:
6172:
6169:
6168:
6166:
6165:
6160:
6155:
6150:
6145:
6140:
6132:
6124:
6119:
6114:
6109:
6104:
6098:
6096:
6092:
6091:
6089:
6088:
6083:
6078:
6071:
6066:
6061:
6056:
6051:
6046:
6045:
6044:
6034:
6029:
6028:
6027:
6017:
6016:
6015:
6005:
6000:
5999:
5998:
5988:
5983:
5978:
5973:
5968:
5963:
5958:
5953:
5948:
5943:
5938:
5933:
5928:
5927:
5926:
5916:
5911:
5906:
5901:
5896:
5891:
5886:
5881:
5876:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5856:
5851:
5846:
5845:
5844:
5834:
5829:
5824:
5819:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5791:
5789:
5783:
5782:
5780:
5779:
5774:
5769:
5768:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5737:
5729:
5728:
5727:
5722:
5711:
5709:
5705:
5704:
5702:
5701:
5700:
5699:
5694:
5692:Western Sahara
5689:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5664:
5659:
5654:
5649:
5639:
5638:
5637:
5632:
5622:
5616:
5614:
5608:
5607:
5604:
5603:
5601:
5600:
5595:
5590:
5589:
5588:
5583:
5573:
5572:
5571:
5561:
5556:
5555:
5554:
5549:
5539:
5538:
5537:
5532:
5527:
5522:
5511:
5509:
5505:
5504:
5502:
5501:
5495:
5489:
5483:
5477:
5471:
5465:
5459:
5452:
5450:
5446:
5445:
5443:
5442:
5441:
5440:
5435:
5430:
5425:
5415:
5410:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5389:
5387:
5380:
5374:
5373:
5371:
5370:
5369:
5368:
5366:European Union
5358:
5357:
5356:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5330:
5328:
5320:
5319:
5316:
5315:
5313:
5312:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5246:
5245:
5235:
5230:
5225:
5220:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5203:Envoy on Youth
5200:
5199:
5198:
5193:
5188:
5177:
5175:
5167:
5166:
5164:
5163:
5162:
5161:
5156:
5151:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5060:
5058:
5053:
5050:
5049:
5047:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5030:
5029:
5024:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4928:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4907:
4906:
4905:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4834:
4832:
4825:
4822:
4821:
4819:
4818:
4813:
4812:
4811:
4801:
4800:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4779:
4778:
4777:
4767:
4766:
4765:
4755:
4754:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4727:
4725:
4721:
4720:
4718:
4717:
4711:
4709:
4700:
4694:
4693:
4691:
4690:
4688:Dennis Francis
4681:
4672:
4662:
4659:
4658:
4655:United Nations
4651:
4650:
4643:
4636:
4628:
4622:
4621:
4608:
4607:External links
4605:
4604:
4603:
4585:(2): 149–168.
4572:
4554:(3): 454–474.
4537:
4506:
4488:(2): 133–149.
4475:
4468:
4457:
4447:
4430:
4390:
4370:(2): 269–292.
4357:
4330:
4312:(3): 327–347.
4299:
4268:
4256:
4235:
4232:
4229:
4228:
4217:
4192:
4180:
4178:
4177:
4164:
4154:
4130:
4090:
4072:
4060:
4036:
4012:
3981:
3962:
3937:
3913:
3887:
3863:
3822:
3791:(2): 402–417.
3771:
3746:
3699:
3692:
3672:
3665:
3645:
3623:10.1086/700203
3616:(1): 215–232.
3596:
3559:
3535:
3504:
3479:
3455:
3441:. 2024-01-15.
3426:
3408:. 2019-07-31.
3393:
3326:
3291:
3277:
3258:
3234:
3220:
3195:
3171:
3157:
3137:
3126:. Feb 21, 2017
3111:
3083:
3076:
3053:
3021:
2989:
2978:. Apr 11, 2019
2963:
2937:
2911:
2879:
2853:
2799:
2788:. Aug 14, 2023
2773:
2748:
2742:
2718:
2706:
2692:
2668:
2643:
2618:
2600:
2552:
2530:
2506:
2481:
2460:
2449:. 30 June 2019
2447:United Nations
2434:
2416:
2391:
2378:United Nations
2359:
2348:. 30 June 2017
2346:United Nations
2327:
2305:
2280:
2250:
2221:
2208:(4): 671–686.
2188:
2155:
2121:
2114:
2087:
2076:United Nations
2063:
2039:
2026:United Nations
2008:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1938:
1937:
1936:
1920:
1917:
1911:
1908:
1890:
1887:
1882:Brahimi Report
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1851:
1845:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1809:
1803:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1788:
1782:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1746:
1740:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1725:
1719:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1704:
1698:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1688:
1683:
1677:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1667:
1662:
1656:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1641:
1635:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1620:
1614:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1588:
1585:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1477:
1474:
1468:
1465:
1445:
1442:
1351:
1348:
1327:armed conflict
1289:United Nations
1278:
1277:
1257:
1254:
1147:
1140:
1139:
1138:
1127:
1120:
1119:
1118:
1117:
1116:
1091:
1088:
1018:decolonization
941:Peacekeepers'
934:
931:
926:Main article:
923:
920:
906:
903:
880:
877:
874:
873:
870:
867:
864:
861:
860:
857:
854:
849:
845:
844:
841:
838:
833:
829:
828:
825:
822:
817:
813:
812:
809:
806:
801:
797:
796:
795:$ 121,455,900
793:
790:
785:
781:
780:
777:
774:
769:
765:
764:
763:$ 263,858,100
761:
758:
753:
749:
748:
747:$ 385,678,500
745:
742:
737:
733:
732:
731:$ 474,406,700
729:
726:
721:
717:
716:
715:$ 558,152,300
713:
710:
705:
701:
700:
699:$ 930,211,900
697:
694:
689:
685:
684:
681:
678:
673:
669:
668:
665:
662:
657:
653:
652:
649:
646:
641:
637:
636:
633:
630:
627:
609:
608:
605:
598:
596:
592:
591:
588:
577:
521:United Kingdom
444:
440:
439:
436:
434:
432:
428:
427:
424:
421:
418:
388:
385:
363:
350:Roméo Dallaire
311:Guard of Honor
295:
292:
231:United Nations
206:
205:
199:
198:
192:
191:
185:
184:
178:
177:
171:
170:
164:
163:
159:
158:
150:
149:
139:
138:
133:
129:
128:
124:
123:
120:
114:
113:
109:
108:
105:
101:
100:
96:
95:
90:
84:
83:
78:
74:
73:
67:
66:
55:
51:
50:
37:
33:
32:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8531:
8520:
8517:
8515:
8512:
8511:
8509:
8492:
8491:
8486:
8480:
8478:
8477:
8467:
8465:
8464:
8454:
8453:
8450:
8444:
8441:
8439:
8436:
8434:
8431:
8429:
8426:
8424:
8421:
8417:
8414:
8412:
8409:
8407:
8404:
8402:
8399:
8398:
8397:
8394:
8393:
8391:
8387:
8376:
8373:
8370:
8367:
8364:
8361:
8358:
8355:
8352:
8349:
8346:
8343:
8340:
8337:
8336:
8334:
8330:
8323:
8320:
8317:
8314:
8311:
8308:
8305:
8302:
8299:
8296:
8293:
8290:
8287:
8284:
8281:
8278:
8277:
8275:
8271:
8264:
8261:
8258:
8255:
8252:
8249:
8246:
8243:
8240:
8237:
8234:
8231:
8228:
8225:
8222:
8219:
8218:
8216:
8212:
8205:
8202:
8199:
8196:
8193:
8190:
8187:
8184:
8181:
8178:
8175:
8172:
8169:
8166:
8163:
8160:
8157:
8154:
8151:
8148:
8147:
8145:
8141:
8134:
8131:
8128:
8125:
8122:
8119:
8116:
8113:
8110:
8107:
8104:
8101:
8098:
8095:
8092:
8089:
8086:
8083:
8080:
8077:
8074:
8071:
8068:
8065:
8062:
8059:
8056:
8053:
8050:
8047:
8044:
8041:
8038:
8035:
8032:
8029:
8026:
8023:
8020:
8017:
8014:
8011:
8008:
8005:
8002:
7999:
7996:
7993:
7990:
7987:
7984:
7981:
7980:
7978:
7974:
7971:
7969:Past missions
7967:
7956:
7953:
7950:
7947:
7944:
7941:
7940:
7938:
7934:
7927:
7924:
7921:
7918:
7917:
7915:
7911:
7904:
7901:
7900:
7898:
7894:
7887:
7886:
7884:
7880:
7873:
7870:
7867:
7864:
7861:
7858:
7855:
7852:
7849:
7846:
7843:
7840:
7839:
7837:
7833:
7830:
7826:
7822:
7819:
7804:
7799:
7797:
7792:
7790:
7785:
7784:
7781:
7769:
7766:
7764:
7761:
7759:
7756:
7754:
7751:
7749:
7746:
7744:
7741:
7739:
7736:
7734:
7731:
7729:
7726:
7724:
7721:
7719:
7716:
7713:
7709:
7708:
7705:
7698:
7695:
7694:
7692:
7690:
7686:
7679:
7676:
7673:
7670:
7667:
7664:
7663:
7661:
7659:
7655:
7648:
7645:
7642:
7639:
7636:
7633:
7632:
7630:
7628:
7624:
7617:
7614:
7613:
7611:
7609:
7605:
7598:
7595:
7594:
7592:
7589:
7585:
7581:
7574:
7571:
7568:
7565:
7562:
7559:
7558:
7556:
7554:
7550:
7545:
7537:
7532:
7530:
7525:
7523:
7518:
7517:
7514:
7501:
7497:
7493:
7490:
7486:
7482:
7479:
7475:
7471:
7467:
7463:
7460:
7456:
7452:
7448:
7445:
7441:
7437:
7434:
7430:
7426:
7423:
7419:
7418:Denis Mukwege
7415:
7411:
7408:
7404:
7400:
7397:
7393:
7389:
7386:
7382:
7378:
7375:
7371:
7367:
7363:
7360:
7356:
7352:
7349:
7345:
7341:
7338:
7334:
7333:Leymah Gbowee
7330:
7326:
7322:
7319:
7315:
7311:
7308:
7304:
7300:
7297:
7293:
7289:
7286:
7282:
7278:
7274:
7271:
7267:
7263:
7259:
7256:
7252:
7248:
7244:
7241:
7237:
7233:
7230:
7226:
7222:
7219:
7215:
7211:
7208:
7204:
7200:
7196:
7195:
7193:
7189:
7182:
7177:
7174:
7169:
7166:
7165:David Trimble
7162:
7157:
7154:
7153:Jody Williams
7150:
7145:
7142:
7138:
7133:
7130:
7126:
7121:
7118:
7117:Yasser Arafat
7114:
7113:Yitzhak Rabin
7110:
7105:
7102:
7098:
7093:
7090:
7085:
7082:
7077:
7074:
7069:
7066:
7061:
7058:
7053:
7050:
7045:
7042:
7037:
7034:
7029:
7026:
7021:
7018:
7013:
7010:
7006:
7001:
6998:
6993:
6990:
6985:
6982:
6981:Mother Teresa
6977:
6974:
6970:
6965:
6962:
6957:
6954:
6950:
6945:
6944:
6942:
6938:
6931:
6926:
6923:
6919:
6918:Seán MacBride
6914:
6911:
6907:
6905:
6899:
6892:
6889:
6885:
6881:
6878:
6874:
6870:
6867:
6863:
6859:
6856:
6852:
6848:
6844:
6839:
6835:
6830:
6827:
6823:
6819:
6816:
6812:
6808:
6805:
6801:
6796:
6793:
6792:Linus Pauling
6788:
6785:
6780:
6777:
6772:
6769:
6764:
6761:
6756:
6753:
6748:
6741:
6734:
6731:
6726:
6723:
6718:
6715:
6710:
6707:
6702:
6701:
6699:
6695:
6688:
6683:
6680:
6679:John Boyd Orr
6675:
6668:
6665:
6661:
6656:
6653:
6649:
6644:
6641:
6636:
6633:
6628:
6621:
6614:
6607:
6600:
6593:
6590:
6585:
6582:
6577:
6574:
6569:
6566:
6561:
6558:
6553:
6550:
6549:Norman Angell
6545:
6538:
6535:
6531:
6526:
6523:
6518:
6515:
6510:
6503:
6500:
6499:Ludwig Quidde
6496:
6491:
6488:
6484:
6479:
6478:
6476:
6472:
6465:
6464:Charles Dawes
6461:
6456:
6449:
6442:
6439:
6434:
6431:
6427:
6422:
6419:
6414:
6411:
6406:
6399:
6396:
6391:
6384:
6377:
6370:
6367:
6362:
6359:
6354:
6351:
6347:
6342:
6339:
6334:
6331:
6327:
6322:
6319:
6318:Fredrik Bajer
6315:
6310:
6307:
6306:Louis Renault
6303:
6298:
6295:
6290:
6287:
6282:
6279:
6274:
6271:
6270:Randal Cremer
6266:
6263:
6262:Charles Gobat
6259:
6258:Élie Ducommun
6254:
6251:
6247:
6243:
6239:
6238:
6236:
6232:
6228:
6224:
6217:
6212:
6210:
6205:
6203:
6198:
6197:
6194:
6184:
6183:
6178:
6170:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6156:
6154:
6151:
6149:
6146:
6144:
6141:
6139:
6137:
6133:
6131:
6129:
6125:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6103:
6100:
6099:
6097:
6093:
6087:
6084:
6082:
6079:
6077:
6076:
6072:
6070:
6067:
6065:
6062:
6060:
6057:
6055:
6052:
6050:
6047:
6043:
6040:
6039:
6038:
6035:
6033:
6030:
6026:
6023:
6022:
6021:
6018:
6014:
6011:
6010:
6009:
6006:
6004:
6001:
5997:
5994:
5993:
5992:
5989:
5987:
5984:
5982:
5979:
5977:
5974:
5972:
5969:
5967:
5966:Treaty Series
5964:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5954:
5952:
5949:
5947:
5944:
5942:
5939:
5937:
5934:
5932:
5929:
5925:
5922:
5921:
5920:
5917:
5915:
5912:
5910:
5907:
5905:
5902:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5890:
5887:
5885:
5882:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
5843:
5840:
5839:
5838:
5835:
5833:
5830:
5828:
5825:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5817:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5792:
5790:
5788:
5784:
5778:
5775:
5773:
5770:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5746:
5743:
5741:
5738:
5736:
5733:
5732:
5730:
5726:
5723:
5721:
5718:
5717:
5716:
5713:
5712:
5710:
5706:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5650:
5648:
5645:
5644:
5643:
5640:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5627:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5617:
5615:
5613:
5609:
5599:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5578:
5577:
5574:
5570:
5567:
5566:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5553:
5550:
5548:
5545:
5544:
5543:
5540:
5536:
5533:
5531:
5528:
5526:
5523:
5521:
5518:
5517:
5516:
5513:
5512:
5510:
5506:
5499:
5496:
5493:
5490:
5487:
5484:
5481:
5478:
5475:
5472:
5469:
5466:
5463:
5460:
5457:
5454:
5453:
5451:
5447:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5420:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5394:
5391:
5390:
5388:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5375:
5367:
5364:
5363:
5362:
5359:
5355:
5352:
5351:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5331:
5329:
5327:
5326:and observers
5321:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5270:Legal Affairs
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5244:
5241:
5240:
5239:
5236:
5234:
5231:
5229:
5226:
5224:
5221:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5183:
5182:
5179:
5178:
5176:
5174:
5168:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5146:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5061:
5059:
5056:
5051:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5019:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4912:
4911:
4908:
4904:
4901:
4900:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4823:
4817:
4814:
4810:
4807:
4806:
4805:
4802:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4784:
4783:
4780:
4776:
4773:
4772:
4771:
4768:
4764:
4761:
4760:
4759:
4756:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4741:
4737:
4734:
4733:
4732:
4729:
4728:
4726:
4722:
4716:
4713:
4712:
4710:
4708:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4695:
4689:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4667:
4664:
4663:
4660:
4656:
4649:
4644:
4642:
4637:
4635:
4630:
4629:
4626:
4619:
4614:
4611:
4610:
4600:
4596:
4592:
4588:
4584:
4580:
4579:
4573:
4569:
4565:
4561:
4557:
4553:
4549:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4534:
4530:
4526:
4522:
4518:
4514:
4513:
4507:
4503:
4499:
4495:
4491:
4487:
4483:
4482:
4476:
4473:
4469:
4466:
4462:
4458:
4456:
4452:
4448:
4446:
4442:
4439:
4435:
4431:
4427:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4410:(3): 451–64.
4409:
4405:
4404:
4399:
4396:(July 1993).
4395:
4391:
4387:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4369:
4365:
4364:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4344:
4340:
4336:
4331:
4327:
4323:
4319:
4315:
4311:
4307:
4306:
4300:
4296:
4292:
4288:
4284:
4280:
4277:(in Nepali).
4276:
4275:
4269:
4267:
4263:
4262:
4257:
4255:
4251:
4248:
4244:
4243:
4238:
4237:
4226:
4221:
4213:
4209:
4205:
4204:
4196:
4189:
4184:
4175:
4171:
4168:
4165:
4162:
4161:
4158:
4144:
4140:
4134:
4119:
4115:
4111:
4107:
4102:
4094:
4088:
4084:
4081:
4076:
4069:
4064:
4050:
4046:
4040:
4026:
4022:
4016:
4002:on 2009-03-12
4001:
3997:
3996:
3991:
3985:
3978:
3974:
3971:
3966:
3951:
3947:
3941:
3927:
3923:
3917:
3901:
3897:
3891:
3880:
3873:
3867:
3859:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3841:
3837:
3833:
3826:
3818:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3790:
3786:
3782:
3775:
3760:
3756:
3750:
3742:
3738:
3734:
3730:
3726:
3722:
3718:
3714:
3710:
3703:
3695:
3689:
3685:
3684:
3676:
3668:
3662:
3658:
3657:
3649:
3641:
3637:
3633:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3615:
3611:
3607:
3600:
3591:
3586:
3582:
3578:
3574:
3570:
3563:
3549:
3548:The Economist
3545:
3539:
3531:
3527:
3523:
3519:
3515:
3508:
3493:
3489:
3483:
3477:
3473:
3469:
3465:
3459:
3444:
3440:
3436:
3430:
3423:
3411:
3407:
3403:
3397:
3381:
3377:
3373:
3369:
3365:
3361:
3357:
3353:
3349:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3330:
3314:
3310:
3306:
3300:
3298:
3296:
3287:
3281:
3275:
3271:
3268:
3262:
3248:
3244:
3238:
3230:
3224:
3205:
3199:
3185:
3181:
3175:
3160:
3154:
3150:
3149:
3141:
3125:
3121:
3115:
3100:
3093:
3087:
3079:
3077:92-1-130222-6
3073:
3066:
3065:
3057:
3042:
3038:
3034:
3033:
3025:
3010:
3006:
3002:
3001:
2993:
2977:
2973:
2967:
2952:
2948:
2941:
2926:
2922:
2915:
2900:
2896:
2892:
2891:
2883:
2868:
2864:
2857:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2810:
2803:
2787:
2783:
2777:
2763:
2759:
2752:
2746:
2732:
2728:
2722:
2715:
2710:
2702:
2696:
2682:
2678:
2672:
2657:
2653:
2647:
2632:
2631:bundesheer.at
2628:
2622:
2614:
2610:
2604:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2568:
2563:
2556:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2534:
2520:
2516:
2510:
2495:
2491:
2485:
2470:
2464:
2448:
2444:
2438:
2430:
2426:
2420:
2405:
2401:
2395:
2380:. 5 July 2018
2379:
2375:
2374:
2369:
2363:
2347:
2343:
2342:
2337:
2331:
2315:
2309:
2294:
2290:
2284:
2268:
2264:
2257:
2255:
2240:
2236:
2230:
2228:
2226:
2216:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2192:
2183:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2159:
2145:on 2008-08-19
2141:
2134:
2128:
2126:
2117:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2102:
2094:
2092:
2077:
2073:
2067:
2053:
2049:
2043:
2032:
2028:
2027:
2019:
2013:
2009:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1939:
1934:
1928:
1923:
1916:
1907:
1905:
1900:
1899:standing army
1896:
1886:
1883:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1846:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1825:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1741:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1699:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1678:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1636:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1615:
1611:
1608:
1606:Sexual abuse
1605:
1602:
1599:
1598:
1592:
1584:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1559:
1555:
1549:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1524:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1494:
1490:
1488:
1482:
1473:
1467:United States
1464:
1462:
1457:
1451:
1441:
1437:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1412:
1408:
1403:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1376:
1373:
1365:
1361:
1356:
1350:Participation
1344:
1343:reintegration
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1253:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1227:
1222:
1220:
1216:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1194:1995 massacre
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1154:
1150:
1144:
1134:
1131:patrol under
1130:
1124:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1096:
1087:
1084:
1081:In 1988, the
1079:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1044:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1025:
1023:
1019:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
991:
989:
985:
981:
977:
972:
963:
956:
952:
948:
944:
939:
929:
919:
911:
902:
900:
894:
890:
886:
871:
868:
865:
863:
862:
859:$ 37,192,700
858:
855:
853:
850:
847:
846:
843:$ 52,350,800
842:
839:
837:
834:
831:
830:
827:$ 52,938,900
826:
823:
821:
818:
815:
814:
811:$ 60,295,100
810:
807:
805:
802:
799:
798:
794:
791:
789:
786:
783:
782:
778:
776:$ 110,000,000
775:
773:
770:
767:
766:
762:
760:$ 266,700,000
759:
757:
754:
751:
750:
746:
744:$ 486,000,000
743:
741:
738:
735:
734:
730:
728:$ 483,000,000
727:
725:
722:
719:
718:
714:
712:$ 582,000,000
711:
709:
706:
703:
702:
698:
696:$ 882,800,000
695:
693:
690:
687:
686:
682:
679:
677:
674:
671:
670:
666:
663:
661:
658:
655:
654:
650:
647:
645:
642:
639:
638:
634:
631:
628:
625:
624:
620:
614:
606:
603:
599:
597:
594:
593:
589:
587:
582:
578:
576:
574:
561:
548:
535:
522:
509:
496:
483:
470:
456:
455:United States
445:
442:
441:
437:
435:
433:
430:
429:
425:
422:
419:
416:
415:
412:
409:
405:
398:
393:
384:
381:
371:
370:
362:
357:
355:
351:
346:
341:
339:
331:
326:
320:
316:
312:
308:
300:
291:
288:
284:
282:
278:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
255:
251:
247:
242:
238:
234:
232:
229:although the
228:
224:
220:
219:peacebuilding
216:
212:
204:
201:
200:
197:
194:
193:
190:
187:
186:
183:
180:
179:
176:
173:
172:
169:
166:
165:
161:
160:
156:
152:
151:
148:
145:
144:
137:
134:
130:
125:
122:$ 6.7 billion
121:
119:
115:
110:
106:
102:
97:
94:
91:
89:
85:
82:
79:
75:
72:
68:
64:
56:
52:
38:
34:
30:
25:
20:
8481:
8468:
8455:
7820:
7742:
7615:
7567:Robert Huber
7499:
7476: /
7472: /
7457: /
7420: /
7372: /
7335: /
7331: /
7307:Barack Obama
7283: /
7268: /
7266:Grameen Bank
7253: /
7229:Shirin Ebadi
7218:Jimmy Carter
7205: /
7191:2001–present
7181:Kim Dae-jung
7163: /
7151: /
7139: /
7127: /
7115: /
7111: /
7109:Shimon Peres
7099: /
7056:
7025:Desmond Tutu
7007: /
6971: /
6951: /
6920: /
6908: /
6902:
6888:Willy Brandt
6802: /
6760:Georges Pire
6706:Léon Jouhaux
6687:Ralph Bunche
6662: /
6650: /
6640:Cordell Hull
6581:Robert Cecil
6532: /
6497: /
6485: /
6462: /
6428: /
6350:Alfred Fried
6348: /
6346:Tobias Asser
6328: /
6316: /
6304: /
6260: /
6248: /
6246:Henry Dunant
6173:
6135:
6127:
6073:
5919:Peacekeeping
5894:Interpreters
5814:
5515:Peacekeeping
5433:organization
5334:Full members
5295:Partnerships
5181:Headquarters
4903:peacekeeping
4902:
4582:
4576:
4551:
4545:
4516:
4510:
4485:
4479:
4471:
4464:
4450:
4433:
4407:
4401:
4367:
4361:
4342:
4338:
4309:
4303:
4281:(2): 83–99.
4278:
4272:
4264:, May 2009.
4259:
4240:
4220:
4202:
4195:
4183:
4157:
4146:. Retrieved
4142:
4133:
4122:. Retrieved
4105:
4093:
4075:
4063:
4052:. Retrieved
4048:
4039:
4028:. Retrieved
4024:
4015:
4004:. Retrieved
4000:the original
3993:
3984:
3965:
3954:. Retrieved
3952:. 2006-11-30
3949:
3940:
3929:. Retrieved
3925:
3916:
3904:. Retrieved
3899:
3890:
3866:
3839:
3835:
3825:
3808:10281/458537
3788:
3784:
3774:
3763:. Retrieved
3761:. 7 May 2021
3758:
3749:
3719:(1): 51–68.
3716:
3712:
3702:
3682:
3675:
3655:
3648:
3613:
3609:
3599:
3572:
3568:
3562:
3551:. Retrieved
3547:
3538:
3513:
3507:
3496:. Retrieved
3491:
3482:
3463:
3458:
3447:. Retrieved
3438:
3429:
3420:
3414:. Retrieved
3405:
3396:
3386:February 29,
3384:. Retrieved
3343:
3339:
3329:
3317:. Retrieved
3308:
3280:
3261:
3250:. Retrieved
3246:
3243:"Fatalities"
3237:
3223:
3211:. Retrieved
3198:
3187:. Retrieved
3183:
3174:
3162:. Retrieved
3147:
3140:
3128:. Retrieved
3123:
3114:
3102:. Retrieved
3098:
3086:
3063:
3056:
3044:. Retrieved
3031:
3024:
3012:. Retrieved
2999:
2992:
2980:. Retrieved
2975:
2966:
2954:. Retrieved
2950:
2940:
2928:. Retrieved
2924:
2914:
2902:. Retrieved
2889:
2882:
2870:. Retrieved
2866:
2856:
2844:. Retrieved
2816:
2812:
2802:
2790:. Retrieved
2785:
2776:
2765:. Retrieved
2761:
2751:
2745:
2734:. Retrieved
2730:
2721:
2713:
2709:
2695:
2684:. Retrieved
2680:
2671:
2660:. Retrieved
2658:. 2017-10-17
2655:
2646:
2635:. Retrieved
2630:
2621:
2612:
2603:
2591:. Retrieved
2574:(1): 37–51.
2571:
2565:
2555:
2547:the original
2542:
2533:
2522:. Retrieved
2518:
2509:
2498:. Retrieved
2496:. 2015-03-05
2493:
2484:
2472:. Retrieved
2463:
2451:. Retrieved
2437:
2428:
2419:
2407:. Retrieved
2403:
2394:
2382:. Retrieved
2371:
2362:
2350:. Retrieved
2339:
2330:
2318:. Retrieved
2308:
2296:. Retrieved
2292:
2283:
2271:. Retrieved
2267:the original
2242:. Retrieved
2238:
2205:
2201:
2191:
2172:
2168:
2158:
2147:. Retrieved
2140:the original
2100:
2079:. Retrieved
2075:
2066:
2055:. Retrieved
2051:
2042:
2031:the original
2024:
2012:
1913:
1892:
1879:
1590:
1563:
1551:
1532:
1527:
1525:
1514:
1512:
1495:
1491:
1483:
1479:
1470:
1453:
1438:
1415:
1394:(5,283) and
1377:
1369:
1339:resettlement
1335:repatriation
1321:(2000). The
1317:(2000), and
1293:
1285:peacekeeping
1279:
1252:in Lebanon.
1230:
1223:
1171:
1160:
1080:
1072:Commonwealth
1045:
1026:
992:
968:
916:
896:
856:$ 37,898,200
840:$ 52,000,000
824:$ 54,000,000
808:$ 57,653,700
792:$ 90,000,000
612:
584:
459:
423:Description
401:
376:
367:
359:
342:
334:
285:
258:
250:Blue Helmets
249:
245:
237:Peacekeepers
235:
210:
209:
107:81,820 total
59:peacekeeping
8371:(1991–2003)
8365:(1988–1991)
8359:(1973–1979)
8353:(1963–1964)
8341:(1956–1967)
8332:Middle East
8324:(1996–2002)
8318:(1996–2002)
8312:(1996–1998)
8306:(1995–2002)
8300:(1995–1999)
8294:(1995–1996)
8288:(1993–2009)
8282:(1992–1995)
8265:(2006–2012)
8259:(2002–2005)
8253:(1994–2000)
8247:(1992–1993)
8241:(1991–1992)
8235:(1988–1990)
8229:(1965–1966)
8223:(1962–1963)
8206:(2017–2019)
8200:(2004–2017)
8194:(1997–2000)
8176:(1996–1997)
8170:(1993–1996)
8164:(1991–1995)
8158:(1989–1992)
8152:(1965–1966)
8135:(2013–2023)
8129:(2007–2020)
8123:(2007–2010)
8117:(2005–2011)
8111:(2004–2006)
8105:(2004–2017)
8099:(2003–2018)
8093:(2003–2004)
8087:(2000–2008)
8081:(1999–2010)
8075:(1999–2005)
8069:(1998–1999)
8063:(1998–2000)
8057:(1997–1999)
8051:(1995–1997)
8039:(1993–1996)
8033:(1993–1997)
8027:(1993–1994)
8021:(1993–1995)
8015:(1992–1994)
8009:(1992–1993)
8003:(1991–1995)
7997:(1989–1991)
7991:(1989–1990)
7985:(1960–1964)
7936:Middle East
7544:Nobel Prize
7455:Maria Ressa
7422:Nadia Murad
7137:Carlos Belo
7049:Óscar Arias
7041:Elie Wiesel
7017:Lech Wałęsa
7005:Alva Myrdal
6969:Anwar Sadat
6922:Eisaku Satō
6855:René Cassin
6648:Emily Balch
6530:Jane Addams
6148:UNICEF club
5842:Honour Flag
5677:North Korea
5612:Resolutions
5559:Enlargement
4731:Secretariat
4345:: 283–301.
4143:www.hrw.org
3906:16 February
3842:: 158–186.
3213:October 10,
3041:resrep41532
3009:resrep25749
2899:resrep32748
1565:Gita Sahgal
1432:(146), and
1213:Kosovo, or
1174:El Salvador
1149:Indian Army
1129:Indian Army
1113:, 1992–1993
1052:Suez Crisis
984:superpowers
246:Blue Berets
223:peacemaking
112:Expenditure
8508:Categories
8049:UNAVEM III
7584:Literature
7433:Abiy Ahmed
7318:Liu Xiaobo
7207:Kofi Annan
6904:Lê Đức Thọ
6358:Elihu Root
6136:Ex Tempore
6128:UN Special
6049:UN Mandate
5508:Activities
5114:UN Tourism
4937:UN-HABITAT
4915:OzonAction
4740:selections
4148:2019-07-30
4124:2019-07-30
4054:2019-07-30
4030:2019-07-30
4006:2022-07-28
3956:2019-07-30
3931:2022-07-28
3765:2021-06-23
3590:10986/4470
3553:2017-11-14
3498:2015-10-22
3449:2024-02-29
3416:2024-03-14
3252:2022-07-28
3189:2022-11-21
2767:2024-03-08
2736:2022-07-28
2686:2022-07-28
2662:2022-07-28
2637:2022-07-28
2524:2023-11-08
2500:2017-02-09
2474:11 October
2316:. ABC News
2293:www.un.org
2244:2023-11-25
2149:2011-07-16
2081:2017-05-18
2057:2022-07-28
2004:References
1828:Kosovo War
1558:Mozambique
1448:See also:
1430:Bangladesh
1380:Bangladesh
1372:UN Charter
1323:resolution
1260:See also:
1198:Srebrenica
1178:Mozambique
1167:civil wars
1090:Since 1991
1029:Korean War
980:proxy wars
905:Statistics
883:See also:
866:Year Total
635:2018–2019
595:2017–2018
443:2016–2017
431:2015–2016
397:East Timor
262:gives the
71:Leadership
8204:MINUJUSTH
8019:UNOSOM II
8001:UNAVEM II
7575:(Germany)
7569:(Germany)
7563:(Germany)
7553:Chemistry
7546:laureates
7161:John Hume
6940:1976–2000
6697:1951–1975
6652:John Mott
6474:1926–1950
6234:1901–1925
6223:Laureates
6008:UN reform
5810:Criticism
5708:Elections
5682:Palestine
5569:committee
4977:UN-Oceans
4925:UNEP-WCMC
4809:President
4797:President
4787:Elections
4763:President
4698:UN System
4599:144147291
4568:145272144
4533:143556366
4519:: 57–78.
4502:144299591
4372:CiteSeerX
4326:145191919
4295:154982851
4114:0307-1235
3858:1354-0661
3817:1540-5907
3741:226196050
3733:0003-0554
3632:0022-3816
3530:152898046
3376:149978007
3360:0020-7020
2833:0095-327X
2175:: 16–28.
1600:Conflict
1569:sex abuse
1390:(5,794),
1386:(5,832),
1364:Guatemala
1107:Norwegian
1048:responded
1003:ceasefire
879:Structure
784:MINUJUSTH
632:2017–2018
629:Operation
590:$ 7.87bn
408:Decisions
387:Financing
294:Formation
99:Personnel
8476:Category
8406:Timeline
8401:Missions
8298:UNPREDEP
8280:UNPROFOR
8198:MINUSTAH
8143:Americas
8121:MINURCAT
8007:UNOSOM I
7995:UNAVEM I
7888:Inactive
7882:Americas
7699:(France)
7474:Memorial
6153:Model UN
6138:magazine
6130:magazine
6059:UN Sacco
5547:drafting
5525:timeline
5520:missions
5423:archives
5039:UN Women
5027:UNU-CRIS
4878:UNCITRAL
4715:Preamble
4455:abstract
4441:Archived
4266:abstract
4250:Archived
4247:abstract
4212:50077294
4170:Archived
4118:Archived
4083:Archived
3973:Archived
3950:BBC News
3879:Archived
3640:13894244
3575:: 9–32.
3472:Archived
3443:Archived
3410:Archived
3380:Archived
3368:26499686
3313:Archived
3270:Archived
3164:April 8,
2846:April 8,
2841:48609188
2593:17 April
2588:27800508
2494:BBC News
1919:See also
1579:is that
1554:Cambodia
1426:Pakistan
1396:Pakistan
1360:Bell 212
1313:(1999),
1309:(1999),
1192:and the
1182:Cambodia
1041:American
971:Cold War
607:$ 7.3bn
438:$ 8.3bn
364:—
8463:Outline
8389:Related
8363:UNIIMOG
8357:UNEF II
8257:UNMISET
8233:UNGOMAP
8192:MIPONUH
8180:MINUGUA
8133:MINUSMA
8073:UNAMSIL
8067:UNOMSIL
8061:MINURCA
7920:UNFICYP
7903:UNMOGIP
7866:MINUSCA
7848:MONUSCO
7842:MINURSO
7627:Physics
7599:(Egypt)
7281:Al Gore
6225:of the
6102:Outline
5787:Related
5667:Lebanon
5438:members
5428:charter
5378:History
5324:Members
5223:Nairobi
4858:MINURSO
4792:Members
4775:Statute
4707:Charter
4426:2622309
4190:, 2000.
3319:Mar 14,
3046:Apr 11,
3014:Apr 11,
2453:30 July
2409:7 March
2384:21 July
2352:21 July
1609:Murder
1476:Results
1428:(150),
1424:(153),
1422:Nigeria
1420:(163),
1186:Somalia
1027:As the
1020:of the
955:UNFICYP
945:in the
922:History
832:MINURSO
816:UNFICYP
688:MINUSCA
672:MINUSMA
656:MONUSCO
626:Acronym
495:Germany
132:History
54:Website
44: (
36:Founded
8474:
8461:
8411:Canada
8377:(2012)
8375:UNSMIS
8369:UNIKOM
8347:(1958)
8345:UNOGIL
8339:UNEF I
8322:UNCPSG
8310:UNTAES
8304:UNMIBH
8286:UNOMIG
8273:Europe
8239:UNAMIC
8227:UNIPOM
8188:(1997)
8186:UNTMIH
8182:(1997)
8174:UNSMIH
8162:ONUSAL
8150:DOMREP
8127:UNAMID
8091:MINUCI
8045:(1994)
8043:UNASOG
8037:UNAMIR
8031:UNOMIL
8025:UNOMUR
8013:ONUMOZ
7976:Africa
7957:(1978)
7955:UNIFIL
7951:(1974)
7945:(1948)
7928:(1999)
7922:(1964)
7913:Europe
7905:(1949)
7874:(2020)
7872:UNITAM
7868:(2014)
7862:(2011)
7860:UNMISS
7856:(2011)
7854:UNISFA
7850:(2010)
7844:(1991)
7835:Africa
7815:
7179:2000:
7171:1999:
7159:1998:
7147:1997:
7135:1996:
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6987:1980:
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6947:1976:
6928:1975:
6916:1974:
6901:1973:
6826:UNICEF
6798:1963:
6790:1962:
6782:1961:
6774:1960:
6766:1959:
6758:1958:
6750:1957:
6728:1954:
6720:1953:
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6704:1951:
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6630:1944:
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6344:1911:
6336:1910:
6324:1909:
6312:1908:
6300:1907:
6292:1906:
6284:1905:
6276:1904:
6268:1903:
6256:1902:
5986:UN Day
5924:Canada
5800:CCISUA
5662:Israel
5647:Cyprus
5500:(1945)
5494:(1945)
5488:(1944)
5482:(1943)
5476:(1943)
5470:(1942)
5464:(1941)
5458:(1941)
5228:Vienna
5213:Geneva
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4997:UNRISD
4992:UNOSAT
4972:UNITAR
4967:UNIDIR
4962:UNICRI
4957:UNICEF
4873:UNCTAD
4863:UNAIDS
4597:
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2930:Apr 8,
2904:Apr 8,
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2872:Apr 8,
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2792:Apr 8,
2656:UNESCO
2586:
2320:1 July
2298:1 July
2273:1 July
2112:
1487:UNMISS
1444:Canada
1407:Polish
1392:Rwanda
1366:, 1998
1242:UNIFIL
1238:UNESCO
1219:UNTAET
1206:UNTAES
951:Saumur
891:, and
752:UNISFA
736:UNAMID
720:UNIFIL
640:UNMISS
575:2.44%
570:
560:Canada
557:
544:
534:Russia
531:
518:
508:France
505:
492:
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471:10.29%
466:
457:28.57%
452:
426:Total
279:, the
254:berets
225:, and
118:Budget
8351:UNYOM
8316:UNMOP
8292:UNCRO
8263:UNMIT
8251:UNMOT
8245:UNTAC
8168:UNMIH
8156:ONUCA
8115:UNMIS
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8097:UNMIL
8085:UNMEE
8079:MONUC
8055:MONUA
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7949:UNDOF
7943:UNTSO
7926:UNMIK
7743:1988
7608:Peace
7542:1988
6095:Other
6042:Hanoi
5832:FICSA
5697:Yemen
5687:Syria
5535:UNPOL
5109:UNIDO
5012:UNSSC
5007:UNSDG
5002:UNRWA
4987:UNOPS
4982:UNODC
4952:UNHRC
4947:UNHCR
4942:OHCHR
4932:UNFPA
4898:UNDPO
4888:UNDGC
4883:UNCDF
4595:S2CID
4564:S2CID
4529:S2CID
4498:S2CID
4422:JSTOR
4322:S2CID
4291:S2CID
3882:(PDF)
3875:(PDF)
3737:S2CID
3636:S2CID
3526:S2CID
3372:S2CID
3364:JSTOR
3207:(PDF)
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3037:JSTOR
3005:JSTOR
2895:JSTOR
2837:JSTOR
2584:JSTOR
2143:(PDF)
2136:(PDF)
2034:(PDF)
2021:(PDF)
1434:Ghana
1418:India
1411:Syria
1388:Nepal
1384:India
1281:Women
1256:Women
1215:UNMIK
1153:Congo
848:UNMIK
800:UNDOF
768:UNMIL
704:UNSOS
573:Spain
562:2.92%
549:3.75%
547:Italy
536:4.01%
523:5.80%
510:6.31%
497:6.39%
484:9.68%
482:Japan
469:China
417:Year
272:peace
8221:UNSF
8109:ONUB
7983:ONUC
7768:1993
7763:1992
7758:1991
7753:1990
7748:1989
7738:1987
7733:1986
7728:1985
7723:1984
7718:1983
7588:1988
7496:2024
7485:2023
7466:2022
7451:2021
7440:2020
7429:2019
7414:2018
7403:2017
7392:2016
7381:2015
7366:2014
7355:2013
7344:2012
7325:2011
7314:2010
7303:2009
7292:2008
7277:2007
7262:2006
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6541:1932
6506:1928
6452:1924
6445:1923
6402:1918
6387:1916
6380:1915
6373:1914
6242:1901
5837:Flag
5765:2011
5760:2014
5755:2017
5750:2020
5745:2021
5740:2022
5735:2023
5725:2016
5720:2021
5657:Iraq
5652:Iran
5635:67th
5630:66th
5354:list
5149:IBRD
5134:WIPO
5124:WFEO
5074:IFAD
5069:ICAO
4910:UNEP
4893:UNDP
4868:SCSL
4853:IAEA
4848:IPCC
4208:OCLC
4110:ISSN
3908:2010
3854:ISSN
3813:ISSN
3729:ISSN
3688:ISBN
3661:ISBN
3628:ISSN
3406:NAOC
3388:2024
3356:ISSN
3321:2024
3215:2022
3166:2024
3153:ISBN
3132:2024
3106:2024
3099:Fafo
3072:ISBN
3048:2024
3016:2024
2984:2024
2958:2024
2932:2024
2906:2024
2874:2024
2848:2024
2829:ISSN
2794:2024
2595:2021
2476:2014
2455:2019
2411:2020
2386:2018
2354:2018
2322:2017
2300:2017
2275:2017
2110:ISBN
1843:100
1837:800
1816:110
1795:500
1774:400
1627:150
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1370:The
1337:and
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1307:1261
1200:and
1176:and
1064:Suez
619:US$
277:NATO
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5159:IFC
5154:IDA
5139:WMO
5129:WHO
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5084:IMF
5079:ILO
5064:FAO
5044:WFP
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