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1222:) to allow her to be ordained. Änanda also accompanies the Buddha in the last year of his life, and therefore is witness to many tenets and principles that the Buddha conveys and establishes before his death, including the well-known principle that the Buddhist community should take his teaching and discipline as their refuge, and that the Buddha will not appoint a new leader. The final period of the Buddha's life also shows that Änanda is still very much attached to the Buddha's person, and he witnesses the Buddha's passing with great sorrow.
2201:
884:. YaÅodharÄ was married to Siddhartha at the age of sixteen and both of them shared respect and rapport with each other but it is also said they both didn't have much desires toward marital life. It took long time YaÅodharÄ to conceive a child, a boy named Rahula born on the day Siddhartha left the palace. Thereafter, since the departure of Siddhartha, YaÅodharÄ entered monastic life in the palace, wearing yellow colored robes and fasting just as Siddhartha did. On the day Siddhartha returned
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Maya was the eldest daughter of Koliya king Anjana and
Prajapati Gotami was the youngest daughter. Siddhartha was the son born to Queen Maya, who later became Buddha. Prajapati Gotami had a daughter Sundari Nanda and a son Nanda with Suddhodana. According to Theravada texts Sundari Nanda was the eldest among his three children. While Siddhartha was the second born and Nanda was the youngest of the family.
688:. According to Buddhist legends, the baby exhibited the marks of a great man. A prophecy indicated that, if the child stayed at home, he was destined to become a world ruler. If the child left home, however, he would become a universal spiritual leader. To make sure the boy would be a great king and world ruler, his father isolated him in his palace and he was raised by his mother's younger sister,
792:
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as
Gautama Buddha to see his relatives,YaÅodharÄ met him after many years. King Suddodana described to the Buddha how YaÅodharÄ had spent her life without Siddhartha. Buddha at that moment told the jathaka of "Sanda kinduruda " (Story of early life of YaÅodharÄ ) and how she devoted to him with great
753:
he is said to be a hereditary monarch, he is now believed to have been an elected head of a tribal confederacy. Suddhodana's father was King
Sinahana mother was Queen Kachchana. Suddhodana married two Princesses from koliya kingdom. He was the only king who had more than one queen of his clan. Queen
1337:
and his intention is said to have been corrupted. After gaining these siddhis, Devadatta attempted to murder the Buddha on several occasions, commonly thought to be motivated by jealousy of the Buddha's power. He is reported to have rolled a boulder toward the Buddha, injured his foot, and to have
1192:) becomes his teacher. Twenty years in the Buddha's ministry, Änanda becomes the attendant of the Buddha, when the Buddha selects him for this job. Änanda performs his duties with great devotion and care, and acts as an intermediary between the Buddha and the laypeople, as well as the
1229:
just before the council starts, which is a requirement. He has a historical role during the council as the living memory of the Buddha, reciting many of the Buddha's discourses and checking them for accuracy. During the same council, however, he is chastised by
1344:
Devadatta was reputedly remorseful toward the Buddha at later stage of his life. He is reported to have walked to the monastery where the Buddha was staying to seek for forgiveness but, as a result of bad deeds, he was swallowed up into the earth and reborn in
1238:) and the rest of the Saį¹
gha for allowing women to be ordained and failing to understand or respect the Buddha at several crucial moments. Änanda continues to teach until the end of his life, passing on his spiritual heritage to his pupils
1013:
throughout
Buddhist history. His accounts have led to a perspective in Buddhism of seeing children as hindrances to the spiritual life on the one hand, and as people with potential for enlightenment on the other hand.
1001:, eventually leading to RÄhula's enlightenment. Although early accounts state that RÄhula dies before the Buddha does, later tradition has it that RÄhula is one of the disciples that outlives the Buddha, guarding the
1199:
Scholars are skeptical about the historicity of many events in Änanda's life, especially the First
Council, and consensus about this has yet to be established. A traditional account can be drawn from early texts,
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Suddhodana was said to be greatly troubled by the departure of his son and is reported in
Buddhist scriptures to have sent 10,000 messengers to plead with Gautama to return. After the Buddha preached the
984:
Between seven and fifteen years after RÄhula is born, the Buddha returns to
Kapilavastu, where YaÅodharÄ has RÄhula ask the Buddha for the throne of the ÅÄkya clan. The Buddha responds by having RÄhula
1341:
Devadatta then attempted to split the sangha into two, with one faction led by himself and the other by the Buddha. However, this attempt failed as all of his converts returned to the Buddha's sangha.
818:
In
Buddhist texts, a white elephant was said to have entered her side during a dream. When she awoke she found that she was pregnant. As it was traditional to give birth in the homeland of the father,
1275:, Änanda is widely considered the patriarch of the Dhamma, who stands in a spiritual lineage, receiving the teaching from MahÄkassapa and passing them on to his own pupils. Änanda has been honored by
2419:
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1962:
766:. Later, a friend of Suddhodana named Kaludayi invited the Buddha to return, at the request of Suddhodana. The Buddha also preached the dharma to him and Kaludayi was later ordained as a monk.
1267:Änanda is one of the most loved figures in Buddhism. Änanda is known for his memory, erudition and compassion, and is often praised by the Buddha for these matters. He functions as a
1185:
1184:, Änanda is the first cousin of the Buddha. Although the texts do not agree on most things about Änanda's early life, they do agree that Änanda is ordained as a monk and that
1058:
After the death of King
Suddhodana, Maha Prajapati journeyed to find the Buddha. When she found him, she petitioned the Buddha, through Ananda, to allow women to enter the
962:
reasons are also given. As a result of the late birth, YaÅodharÄ needs to prove that RÄhula is really Prince SiddhÄrtha's son, which she eventually does successfully by an
773:
returned to his father's kingdom where he preached dharma to him. Gautama later returned again to his father's kingdom to see his father's death. Suddhodana became an
2265:
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has argued that Prince SiddhÄrtha conceived RÄhula and waited for his birth, to be able to leave the palace with the king and queen's permission, but
Orientalist
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and Sanskrit) was the only firstborn son of SiddhÄrtha Gautama, and his wife and princess YaÅodharÄ. He is mentioned in numerous Buddhist texts, from the
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in 563 BCE as per historical events and 624 BCE according to Buddhist tradition. He was called Siddhartha Gautama in his childhood. His father was king
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The Fundamental Teachings of Early Buddhism: A Comparative Study Based on the SÅ«trÄį¹
ga Portion of the PÄli Saį¹yutta-NikÄya and the Chinese Saį¹yuktÄgama
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1314:
was the Paternal second cousin (or, in some accounts, paternal second cousin) of the Buddha he was small brother of Anand. He was ordained into the
2238:
1196:(monastic community). He accompanies the Buddha for the rest of his life, acting not only as an assistant, but also a secretary and a mouthpiece.
4893:
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and Queen Sulakkhana. She was married to King Suddhodana with her elder sister Mahamaya (or Mayadevi). When her sister died after the birth of
102:
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The sculpture depicts a scene where three soothsayers are interpreting to King Suddhodana the dream of Queen Maya. Nagarjunakonda, 2nd-century
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onward. Accounts about RÄhula indicate a mutual impact between Prince SiddhÄrtha's life and those of his family members. According to the
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1066:. After many refusals due to their safety sake, the Buddha finally agreed to allow women to enter the Sangha. Later Maha Pajapati became
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legend and scripture. He is believed to be a leader of the Shakya clan, who lived within the state of Kosala, on the northern border of
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Nanda was the half-brother of the Buddha; the son of King Suddhodana and Maha Prajapati Gautami. Nanda persevered and became an
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to the Buddha, however, in that he still has worldly attachments and is not yet enlightened, as opposed to the Buddha. In the
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Ohnuma, Reiko (December 2006). "Debt to the Mother: A Neglected Aspect of the Founding of the Buddhist Nuns' Order".
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Gotami. She was considered to known as Rupa Nanda and Janapada Kalyani, because of her beauty . She later became a
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on the day of Prince SiddhÄrtha, and is born six years later, when Prince SiddhÄrtha becomes enlightened as the
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2725:"The Child as Compassionate Bodhisattva and as Human Sufferer/Spiritual Seeker: Intertwined Buddhist Images"
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since early medieval times for his merits in establishing the nun's order. In recent times, the composer
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1009:. RÄhula is known in Buddhist texts for his eagerness for learning, and was honored by novice monks and
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2727:, in Yust, Karen-Marie; Johnson, Aostre N.; Sasso, Sandy Eisenberg; Roehlkepartain, Eugene C. (eds.),
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After five years when Gautama Buddha gave permission of women entering to sangha she too became a
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presided over the birth and that two streams, one cool and one hot, flowed down from the heavens.
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Nurturing Child and Adolescent Spirituality: Perspectives from the World's Religious Traditions
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Buddhism: Critical Concepts in Religious Studies, 1: Early History in South and Southeast Asia
1970:
Buddhism: Critical Concepts in Religious Studies, 1: Early History in South and Southeast Asia
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Shortly after the Buddha's death, the First Council is convened, and Änanda manages to attain
1140:. Among the Buddha's many disciples, Änanda stood out for having the best memory. Most of the
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incited an elephant to charge at the Buddha and his disciples but was subdued by the Buddha.
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One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
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or "he who achieves his aim." She is said, in Buddhist scriptures, to have been reborn in
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considered it more likely that RÄhula was born after Prince SiddhÄrtha left his palace.
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Siddhartha and YaÅodharÄ were first cousins.YaÅodharÄ's father was the brother of Queen
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2811:"A Family Quest: The Buddha, YaÅodharÄ, and RÄhula in the MÅ«lasarvÄstivÄda Vinaya"
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The historical Buddha: the times, life, and teachings of the founder of Buddhism
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journeyed to Devadaha. However, she was forced to give birth en route, in the
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2618:"The Inheritance of RÄhula: Abandoned Child, Boy Monk, Ideal Son and Trainee"
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811:. She was married to her cousin King Suddhodana, who ruled in the kingdom of
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from previous lives of both YaÅodharÄ and of RÄhula himself, although more
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1162:) are attributed to his recollection of the Buddha's teachings during the
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1736:. Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research. p. 32 n.119.
1231:
1100:.Also Buddha honored her as foremost among female disciples excellent in
1084:
Sundari Nanda was the half sister of Buddha.She was the daughter of king
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Little Buddhas: Children and Childhoods in Buddhist Texts and Traditions
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Sacred Biography in the Buddhist Traditions of South and Southeast Asia
2407:. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 913.
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1214:, when he requests the Buddha on behalf of the latter's foster-mother
1166:. For that reason, he is known as the "Treasurer of the Dhamma", with
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Queen MÄyÄ's white elephant dream, and the conception of the Buddha.
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Maya died seven days after the birth of her son, whom she had named
708:
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2473:"A Rite of Their Own: Japanese Buddhist Nuns and the Anan kÅshiki"
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2075:(2017). "The Death of the Buddha: A Restorative Interpretation".
1389:"The Life of Buddha: Part One: 1. King Suddhodana And Queen Maya"
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711:. Both Yashodhara and RÄhula later became disciples of Buddha.
681:
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175:
170:
165:
128:
2421:
Buddhist Meditation: An Anthology of Texts from the PÄli Canon
2244:
A History of Indian Buddhism: From ÅÄkyamuni to Early MahÄyÄna
1911:
1136:Änanda was the primary attendant of the Buddha and one of his
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For a time, Devadatta was highly respected among the sangha.
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2339:
History of Indian Buddhism: From the Origins to the Åaka Era
2219:
2109:(1977). ""Gandhakuį¹Ä«": The Perfumed Chamber of the Buddha".
1208:. Änanda has an important role in establishing the order of
791:
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4462:
4128:
3625:
1570:
1476:
1474:
1472:
2872:] (in German), translated by Walshe, M. O' C., Delhi:
1871:
1322:, when the Buddha preached to the Shakyas in Kapilavastu.
692:, after his mother died just seven days after childbirth.
5327:
3863:
2192:. Association for the Study of Indian Philosophy: 235ā6.
2334:
Histoire du Bouddhisme Indien, des origines a l'ere Saka
1622:
1469:
1250:), among others, who later assume a leading role in the
1851:
Holy People of the World: A Cross-cultural Encyclopedia
1634:
1522:
1498:
1440:
1318:
along with his brothers and friends and their barber,
1594:
1582:
1558:
1546:
2159:
1534:
1510:
1486:
1264:(monuments) are erected at the river where he dies.
1883:
1428:
803:Maya was the mother of the Buddha and was from the
762:to the messengers, they were all ordained into the
926:, RÄhula is born on the day of Prince SiddhÄrta's
1329:is said to have sung the praises of Devadatta in
954:. This long gestation period is explained by bad
741:Much of the information on Suddhodana comes from
5852:
2183:"The Advent of the First Nuns in Early Buddhism"
707:), and together they had one child: a son named
2920:
880:while Her mother Amitha was the sister of King
2759:Bulletin de l'Ćcole franƧaise d'ExtrĆŖme-Orient
2078:The Buddha in Sri Lanka: Histories and Stories
1730:ShÅbÅgenzÅ : The True Dharma-Eye Treasury
1726:
3193:
2906:
645:
3975:Basic points unifying TheravÄda and MahÄyÄna
2668:
2584:
2458:
2153:
2059:
1963:"Review of Scholarship on Buddhist Councils"
1917:
1901:
1612:
1463:
1287:about Änanda, which was made into the opera
857:was the wife of Siddhartha who later became
2830:
2389:
2349:, Institut orientaliste. pp. 93, 210.
2225:
2071:
2034:Journal of the American Academy of Religion
1877:
1727:Nishijima, Gudo Wafu; Cross, Shodo (2008).
1408:
695:Separated from the world, he later married
3200:
3186:
2913:
2899:
2777:
1576:
1480:
652:
638:
2488:
2006:"The Riddle of the First Buddhist Council
2003:
1933:DÄna: Giving and Getting in PÄli Buddhism
1803:
1801:
1180:) referring to the Buddha's teaching. In
2858:
2722:
2237:
1840:
1838:
1770:
1640:
1528:
790:
732:
724:
5162:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
2327:
2281:
2177:
1960:
1333:. After some time, Devadatta developed
1017:
5853:
5365:List of Buddhist architecture in China
3162:
2805:
2615:
2470:
2105:
2030:
1929:
1807:
1798:
1600:
1588:
1564:
1552:
1516:
1492:
1446:
1371:(Gautama Buddha's cousin and disciple)
680:clan in what was the growing state of
3181:
2894:
2704:Japanese Journal of Religious Studies
2693:
2641:
2477:Japanese Journal of Religious Studies
2287:"The Date of the Buddha Reconsidered"
2165:
1889:
1844:
1835:
1628:
1504:
1434:
1349:before he could ask for forgiveness.
3152:
2748:
2696:"Imagining RÄhula in Medieval Japan"
2461:, Damoduoluo chan jing; MadhyÄntika.
2417:
1540:
1039:) was the youngest daughter of King
993:. He teaches the young novice about
699:(YaÅodharÄ was the daughter of King
2733:Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
2503:
769:After this request from his father
13:
5152:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
2756:[The Wives of ÅÄkyamunÄ«],
2510:. UniversityMedia. pp. 42ā3.
2471:Ambros, Barbara R (27 June 2016).
1814:A Concise Encyclopedia of Buddhism
934:, meaning a fetter on the path to
103:Decline in the Indian subcontinent
98:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
14:
5882:
3132:Gautama Buddha in world religions
2592:Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism.
1413:. amidabuddha.org. Archived from
16:Family of the founder of Buddhism
5833:
5823:
5822:
5380:Thai temple art and architecture
5125:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
3365:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
3231:
3218:
3208:
3161:
3151:
2483:(1): 209ā12, 214, 216ā8, 245ā6.
2377:
2347:UniversitƩ catholique de Louvain
1849:. In Jestice, Phyllis G. (ed.).
1073:
668:was born into a noble family in
619:
38:
3232:
2717:10.18874/jjrs.43.1.2016.131-151
2675:Dictionary of PÄli Proper Names
2620:, in Sasson, Vanessa R. (ed.),
2549:
2534:. Palikanon.com. Archived from
2524:
2497:
2490:10.18874/jjrs.43.1.2016.207-250
2464:
2411:
2370:
2321:
2275:
2231:
2171:
2099:
2065:
2024:
1997:
1954:
1923:
1764:
1720:
1695:
1671:
1646:
5370:Japanese Buddhist architecture
5172:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
4252:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
3443:Places where the Buddha stayed
2252:Motilal Banarsidass Publishers
1938:Motilal Banarsidass Publishers
1930:Findly, Ellison Banks (2003).
1402:
1381:
1258:. Änanda dies in 463 BCE, and
1114:Nanda (half-brother of Buddha)
942:tradition, and numerous other
1:
5385:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
2813:, in Schober, Juliane (ed.),
2190:Indogaku Chibettogaku Kenkyū
1961:Prebish, Charles S. (2005) .
1375:
1359:Relics associated with Buddha
1246:) and Majjhantika (Sanskrit:
714:
5142:Buddhism and the Roman world
5118:Decline of Buddhism in India
5113:History of Buddhism in India
3213: Topics in
2839:; Weeraratne, W. G. (eds.),
2786:; Weeraratne, W. G. (eds.),
2723:Nakagawa, Yoshiharu (2005),
2694:Meeks, Lori (27 June 2016),
1300:
848:
729:King Sudhodana and his court
301:Buddhist Paths to liberation
7:
4340:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
4080:
2507:Richard Wagner and Buddhism
2391:Rhys Davids, Thomas William
2292:. In Williams, Paul (ed.).
1968:. In Williams, Paul (ed.).
1352:
1273:Sanskrit textual traditions
889:respect in previous lives.
826:grove. It is said that the
787:Maya (mother of the Buddha)
684:, and his mother was queen
10:
5887:
5290:The unanswerable questions
2754:"Les femmes de ĆÄkya-Muni"
2600:Princeton University Press
2577:
2062:, MahÄparinibbÄnasuttanta.
2014:Chung-Hwa Buddhist Journal
1304:
1129:
1111:
1077:
1021:
946:, however, RÄhula is only
907:
784:
718:
5818:
5770:
5685:
5600:
5375:Buddhist temples in Korea
5298:
5200:
5083:
4780:
4708:
4535:
4408:
4348:
3983:
3938:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
3849:
3841:Three planes of existence
3789:
3634:
3526:
3456:
3448:Buddha in world religions
3310:
3255:
3227:
3147:
2933:
2841:Encyclopaedia of Buddhism
2788:Encyclopaedia of Buddhism
1771:Mun-keat, Choong (2000).
1247:
1243:
1235:
1219:
1206:post-canonical chronicles
1125:
1036:
930:, and is therefore named
903:
861:.She was the daughter of
5861:Family of Gautama Buddha
5157:Persecution of Buddhists
4378:Four stages of awakening
3759:Three marks of existence
3345:Physical characteristics
3078:Physical characteristics
2831:Witanachchi, C. (1965),
2648:A Dictionary of Buddhism
2585:Buswell, Robert E. Jr.;
2459:Buswell & Lopez 2013
2154:Buswell & Lopez 2013
2060:Buswell & Lopez 2013
1918:Buswell & Lopez 2013
1845:Sarao, K. T. S. (2004).
1654:"Maha Prajapati Gautami"
1464:Buswell & Lopez 2013
1107:
1005:until the rising of the
4520:Ten principal disciples
3403:(aunt, adoptive mother)
2975:ten principal disciples
2845:Government of Sri Lanka
2792:Government of Sri Lanka
2778:Saddhasena, D. (2003),
2772:10.3406/befeo.1918.5886
2653:Oxford University Press
2626:Oxford University Press
2404:EncyclopƦdia Britannica
1411:"Who were the Buddhas?"
1364:Ten principal disciples
1138:ten principal disciples
997:, self-reflection, and
807:clan. Maya was born in
780:
321:Philosophical reasoning
5230:Buddhism and democracy
4743:Tibetan Buddhist canon
4738:Chinese Buddhist canon
3970:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
3965:Early Buddhist schools
2865:Der Historische Buddha
2271:on September 11, 2015.
2004:Mukherjee, B. (1994).
1189:
1177:
1164:First Buddhist Council
1159:
1144:of the early Buddhist
1055:with King Suddodhana.
989:as the first Buddhist
800:
738:
730:
88:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
5240:Eight Consciousnesses
3350:Life of Buddha in art
2616:Crosby, Kate (2013),
2448:on February 17, 2015.
2366:on February 15, 2015.
2073:Obeyesekere, Gananath
2047:10.1093/jaarel/lfl026
1976:. pp. 226, 231.
1819:Oneworld Publications
1220:MahÄprajÄpatÄ« GautamÄ«
1190:PÅ«rį¹a MaitrÄyaį¹Ä«putra
1003:Buddha's Dispensation
794:
736:
728:
356:Aids to Enlightenment
181:Dependent Origination
5717:East Asian religions
5147:Buddhism in the West
4718:Early Buddhist texts
4333:Four Right Exertions
3799:Ten spiritual realms
3292:Noble Eightfold Path
2953:Noble Eightfold Path
2587:Lopez, Donald S. Jr.
2418:Shaw, Sarah (2006).
2317:on October 20, 2015.
2207:on 10 September 2018
2156:, Änanda; ÄŖryÄpatha.
2112:History of Religions
2083:Taylor & Francis
1993:on October 20, 2015.
1283:wrote a draft for a
1182:Early Buddhist Texts
1080:Nanda (Buddhist nun)
1037:MahÄprajÄpatÄ« GotamÄ«
1018:Maha Pajapati Gotami
326:Devotional practices
149:Noble Eightfold Path
5840:Religion portal
5587:Temple of the Tooth
5466:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
4505:UpÄsaka and UpÄsikÄ
3998:BodhipakkhiyÄdhammÄ
3781:Two truths doctrine
3601:Mahapajapati Gotamī
3401:Mahapajapati Gotamī
3012:Mahapajapati Gotami
2874:Motilal Banarsidass
2837:Malalasekera, G. P.
2817:, pp. 113ā28,
2784:Malalasekera, G. P.
2628:, pp. 97ā123,
2181:(5 November 2007).
1216:MahÄpajÄpati GotamÄ«
1024:Mahapajapati Gotami
938:. According to the
878:Mahapajapati Gotami
799:, 2-3rd century CE.
751:Buddhist literature
690:Mahapajapati Gotami
626:Buddhism portal
499:Buddhism by country
261:Sanskrit literature
5762:Western philosophy
5360:Dzong architecture
5182:Vipassana movement
5177:Buddhist modernism
4605:Emperor Wen of Sui
4373:PratyekabuddhayÄna
4306:Threefold Training
4108:Vipassana movement
3824:Hungry Ghost realm
3644:AvidyÄ (Ignorance)
3591:Puį¹į¹a MantÄnÄ«putta
3340:Great Renunciation
3335:Eight Great Events
3217:
2992:Great Renunciation
2987:Eight Great Events
2735:, pp. 33ā42,
2670:Malalasekera, G.P.
1811:(2013). "Änanda".
1507:, pp. 139ā40.
1391:. Sacred-texts.com
1186:Puį¹į¹a MantÄniputta
869:and Queen Amitha.
801:
739:
731:
113:Buddhist modernism
5871:Buddhist families
5848:
5847:
5486:Om mani padme hum
5192:Women in Buddhism
5108:Buddhist councils
4978:Western countries
4766:MadhyamakÄlaį¹kÄra
4527:Shaolin Monastery
4104:Samatha-vipassanÄ
3714:PratÄ«tyasamutpÄda
3518:Metteyya/Maitreya
3436:
3428:
3420:
3412:
3404:
3396:
3388:
3265:Four Noble Truths
3175:
3174:
2948:Four Noble Truths
2742:978-1-4616-6590-8
2680:Pali Text Society
2662:978-0-19-157917-2
2635:978-0-19-994561-0
2609:978-0-691-15786-3
2517:978-3-906000-00-8
2504:App, Urs (2011).
2438:978-0-415-35918-4
2228:, pp. 534ā5.
2092:978-1-351-59225-3
1902:Malalasekera 1960
1828:978-1-78074-476-6
1743:978-1-886439-38-2
1613:Malalasekera 1960
1579:, pp. 482ā3.
1449:, pp. 122ā4.
1409:Andrew Mossberg.
1045:Siddartha Gautama
968:Wolfgang Schumann
662:
661:
144:Four Noble Truths
5878:
5838:
5837:
5826:
5825:
5665:Sacred languages
5513:Maya Devi Temple
5476:Mahabodhi Temple
5280:Secular Buddhism
5245:Engaged Buddhism
4085:
3933:Tibetan Buddhism
3884:Vietnamese Thiį»n
3483:MahÄsthÄmaprÄpta
3434:
3426:
3418:
3410:
3402:
3394:
3386:
3235:
3234:
3222:
3212:
3202:
3195:
3188:
3179:
3178:
3165:
3164:
3155:
3154:
3051:pilgrimage sites
3046:Mahabodhi Temple
2915:
2908:
2901:
2892:
2891:
2886:
2855:
2827:
2802:
2774:
2745:
2719:
2700:
2690:
2665:
2638:
2612:
2597:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2568:
2559:. Archived from
2553:
2547:
2546:
2544:
2543:
2528:
2522:
2521:
2501:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2468:
2462:
2456:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2441:. Archived from
2426:
2415:
2409:
2408:
2383:
2381:
2380:
2374:
2368:
2367:
2365:
2359:. Archived from
2344:
2329:Lamotte, Etienne
2325:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2310:. Archived from
2291:
2279:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2264:. Archived from
2249:
2235:
2229:
2226:Witanachchi 1965
2223:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2212:
2206:
2200:. Archived from
2187:
2175:
2169:
2163:
2157:
2151:
2145:
2144:
2103:
2097:
2096:
2069:
2063:
2057:
2051:
2050:
2028:
2022:
2021:
2010:A Retrospection"
2009:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1986:. Archived from
1967:
1958:
1952:
1951:
1927:
1921:
1915:
1909:
1899:
1893:
1887:
1881:
1878:Witanachchi 1965
1875:
1869:
1868:
1842:
1833:
1832:
1805:
1796:
1795:
1779:
1768:
1762:
1761:
1759:
1758:
1752:
1746:. Archived from
1735:
1724:
1718:
1717:
1715:
1714:
1705:. Archived from
1699:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1689:
1675:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1665:
1656:. Archived from
1650:
1644:
1638:
1632:
1626:
1620:
1610:
1604:
1598:
1592:
1586:
1580:
1574:
1568:
1562:
1556:
1550:
1544:
1543:, pp. 34ā5.
1538:
1532:
1526:
1520:
1514:
1508:
1502:
1496:
1490:
1484:
1478:
1467:
1461:
1450:
1444:
1438:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1422:
1406:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1396:
1385:
1249:
1245:
1237:
1221:
1038:
976:
940:MÅ«lasarvÄstivÄda
676:, leader of the
654:
647:
640:
624:
623:
351:Sublime abidings
42:
19:
18:
5886:
5885:
5881:
5880:
5879:
5877:
5876:
5875:
5851:
5850:
5849:
5844:
5832:
5814:
5766:
5681:
5596:
5333:Ordination hall
5294:
5196:
5167:Buddhist crisis
5079:
4776:
4728:Mahayana sutras
4704:
4700:ThĆch Nhįŗ„t Hįŗ”nh
4531:
4404:
4344:
4294:Bodhisattva vow
3979:
3845:
3785:
3744:Taį¹hÄ (Craving)
3679:Five hindrances
3630:
3522:
3452:
3306:
3251:
3223:
3206:
3176:
3171:
3143:
2929:
2919:
2889:
2884:
2843:, vol. 1,
2825:
2807:Strong, John S.
2790:, vol. 7,
2743:
2698:
2663:
2636:
2610:
2595:
2580:
2575:
2566:
2564:
2555:
2554:
2550:
2541:
2539:
2530:
2529:
2525:
2518:
2502:
2498:
2469:
2465:
2457:
2453:
2445:
2439:
2431:. p. 115.
2424:
2416:
2412:
2378:
2376:
2375:
2371:
2363:
2357:
2342:
2326:
2322:
2314:
2308:
2289:
2280:
2276:
2268:
2262:
2247:
2239:Hirakawa, Akira
2236:
2232:
2224:
2220:
2210:
2208:
2204:
2185:
2179:HinĆ¼ber, O. von
2176:
2172:
2164:
2160:
2152:
2148:
2107:Strong, John S.
2104:
2100:
2093:
2070:
2066:
2058:
2054:
2041:(4): 862, 872.
2029:
2025:
2007:
2002:
1998:
1990:
1984:
1965:
1959:
1955:
1948:
1940:. p. 377.
1928:
1924:
1916:
1912:
1900:
1896:
1888:
1884:
1876:
1872:
1865:
1843:
1836:
1829:
1806:
1799:
1792:
1784:. p. 142.
1777:
1769:
1765:
1756:
1754:
1750:
1744:
1733:
1725:
1721:
1712:
1710:
1701:
1700:
1696:
1687:
1685:
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1676:
1672:
1663:
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1652:
1651:
1647:
1639:
1635:
1627:
1623:
1611:
1607:
1599:
1595:
1587:
1583:
1577:Saddhasena 2003
1575:
1571:
1563:
1559:
1551:
1547:
1539:
1535:
1527:
1523:
1515:
1511:
1503:
1499:
1491:
1487:
1481:Saddhasena 2003
1479:
1470:
1462:
1453:
1445:
1441:
1433:
1429:
1420:
1418:
1407:
1403:
1394:
1392:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1355:
1309:
1303:
1295:Jonathan Harvey
1134:
1128:
1116:
1110:
1082:
1076:
1026:
1020:
970:
912:
906:
851:
789:
783:
723:
717:
658:
618:
611:
610:
501:
491:
490:
441:
431:
430:
396:
386:
385:
291:
281:
280:
251:Mahayana Sutras
231:
221:
220:
161:Five Aggregates
139:
138:
118:
117:
108:Later Buddhists
73:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5884:
5874:
5873:
5868:
5866:Gautama Buddha
5863:
5846:
5845:
5843:
5842:
5830:
5819:
5816:
5815:
5813:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5776:
5774:
5768:
5767:
5765:
5764:
5759:
5754:
5749:
5744:
5739:
5734:
5729:
5724:
5719:
5714:
5713:
5712:
5707:
5697:
5691:
5689:
5683:
5682:
5680:
5679:
5678:
5677:
5672:
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5532:
5531:
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5520:
5515:
5510:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5489:
5488:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5462:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5400:
5399:
5397:Greco-Buddhist
5389:
5388:
5387:
5382:
5377:
5372:
5367:
5362:
5357:
5352:
5351:
5350:
5348:Burmese pagoda
5340:
5335:
5330:
5325:
5320:
5315:
5304:
5302:
5296:
5295:
5293:
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5179:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5159:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5138:
5137:
5130:Greco-Buddhism
5127:
5122:
5121:
5120:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5095:
5089:
5087:
5081:
5080:
5078:
5077:
5076:
5075:
5070:
5065:
5063:United Kingdom
5060:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5035:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5008:Czech Republic
5005:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4975:
4974:
4973:
4968:
4958:
4957:
4956:
4946:
4945:
4944:
4939:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4898:
4897:
4887:
4882:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4786:
4784:
4778:
4777:
4775:
4774:
4772:Abhidharmadīpa
4769:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4714:
4712:
4706:
4705:
4703:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4690:B. R. Ambedkar
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4610:Songtsen Gampo
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4541:
4539:
4533:
4532:
4530:
4529:
4524:
4523:
4522:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4486:
4485:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4414:
4412:
4406:
4405:
4403:
4402:
4401:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4354:
4352:
4346:
4345:
4343:
4342:
4337:
4336:
4335:
4325:
4324:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4303:
4302:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4289:Eight precepts
4286:
4276:
4275:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4249:
4248:
4247:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4226:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4184:
4183:
4178:
4168:
4163:
4162:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4077:
4067:
4062:
4060:Five Strengths
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4026:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4000:
3995:
3989:
3987:
3981:
3980:
3978:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3951:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3925:
3924:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3887:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3855:
3853:
3847:
3846:
3844:
3843:
3838:
3837:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3801:
3795:
3793:
3787:
3786:
3784:
3783:
3778:
3777:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3699:Mental factors
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3640:
3638:
3632:
3631:
3629:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3551:MahamoggallÄna
3548:
3543:
3538:
3532:
3530:
3524:
3523:
3521:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3474:
3473:
3466:AvalokiteÅvara
3462:
3460:
3454:
3453:
3451:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3439:
3438:
3430:
3422:
3414:
3406:
3398:
3390:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3316:
3314:
3308:
3307:
3305:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3288:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3267:
3261:
3259:
3253:
3252:
3250:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3205:
3204:
3197:
3190:
3182:
3173:
3172:
3170:
3169:
3159:
3148:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3141:
3140:
3139:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3118:
3117:
3107:
3106:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3054:
3053:
3048:
3026:
3025:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2978:
2977:
2967:
2966:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2943:Core teachings
2940:
2934:
2931:
2930:
2926:Gautama Buddha
2918:
2917:
2910:
2903:
2895:
2888:
2887:
2882:
2860:Schumann, H.W.
2856:
2828:
2823:
2803:
2775:
2746:
2741:
2720:
2691:
2666:
2661:
2639:
2634:
2613:
2608:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2573:
2548:
2523:
2516:
2496:
2463:
2451:
2437:
2410:
2399:Chisholm, Hugh
2369:
2356:90-683-1-100-X
2355:
2320:
2306:
2300:. p. 69.
2283:Bechert, Heinz
2274:
2260:
2230:
2218:
2170:
2168:, p. 164.
2158:
2146:
2125:10.1086/462775
2098:
2091:
2064:
2052:
2023:
1996:
1982:
1953:
1946:
1922:
1910:
1894:
1882:
1880:, p. 530.
1870:
1863:
1857:. p. 49.
1834:
1827:
1797:
1790:
1763:
1742:
1719:
1694:
1679:"SuttaCentral"
1670:
1645:
1633:
1621:
1605:
1603:, p. 121.
1593:
1591:, p. 116.
1581:
1569:
1567:, p. 115.
1557:
1555:, p. 110.
1545:
1533:
1521:
1519:, p. 120.
1509:
1497:
1495:, p. 119.
1485:
1483:, p. 481.
1468:
1451:
1439:
1437:, p. 139.
1427:
1401:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1366:
1361:
1354:
1351:
1305:Main article:
1302:
1299:
1281:Richard Wagner
1256:Third Councils
1130:Main article:
1127:
1124:
1112:Main article:
1109:
1106:
1078:Main article:
1075:
1072:
1022:Main article:
1019:
1016:
924:PÄli tradition
908:Main article:
905:
902:
859:Gautama Buddha
850:
847:
785:Main article:
782:
779:
771:Gautama Buddha
749:. Although in
719:Main article:
716:
713:
660:
659:
657:
656:
649:
642:
634:
631:
630:
629:
628:
613:
612:
609:
608:
603:
598:
593:
588:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
502:
497:
496:
493:
492:
489:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
442:
437:
436:
433:
432:
429:
428:
423:
418:
416:Pratyekabuddha
413:
408:
403:
397:
392:
391:
388:
387:
384:
383:
378:
373:
371:Buddhist chant
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
333:
328:
323:
318:
313:
308:
303:
298:
292:
287:
286:
283:
282:
279:
278:
273:
268:
263:
258:
253:
248:
243:
238:
232:
229:Buddhist texts
227:
226:
223:
222:
219:
218:
213:
208:
203:
198:
193:
188:
183:
178:
173:
168:
163:
158:
157:
156:
146:
140:
137:
136:
131:
125:
124:
123:
120:
119:
116:
115:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
74:
69:
68:
65:
64:
63:
62:
57:
52:
44:
43:
35:
34:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5883:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5858:
5856:
5841:
5836:
5831:
5829:
5821:
5820:
5817:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5777:
5775:
5773:
5769:
5763:
5760:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5750:
5748:
5745:
5743:
5740:
5738:
5735:
5733:
5730:
5728:
5725:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5715:
5711:
5708:
5706:
5703:
5702:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5693:
5692:
5690:
5688:
5684:
5676:
5673:
5671:
5668:
5667:
5666:
5663:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5607:
5605:
5603:
5602:Miscellaneous
5599:
5593:
5592:Vegetarianism
5590:
5588:
5585:
5581:
5578:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5557:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5546:
5543:
5541:
5538:
5536:
5533:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5506:
5505:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5487:
5484:
5483:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5436:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5414:Buddha in art
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5398:
5395:
5394:
5393:
5390:
5386:
5383:
5381:
5378:
5376:
5373:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5361:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5349:
5346:
5345:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5310:
5309:
5306:
5305:
5303:
5301:
5297:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5207:
5205:
5203:
5199:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5158:
5155:
5153:
5150:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5140:
5136:
5133:
5132:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5119:
5116:
5115:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5090:
5088:
5086:
5082:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5068:United States
5066:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5056:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4980:
4979:
4976:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4963:
4962:
4959:
4955:
4952:
4951:
4950:
4947:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4934:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4895:
4891:
4888:
4886:
4883:
4881:
4878:
4877:
4876:
4873:
4871:
4868:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4787:
4785:
4783:
4779:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4767:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4750:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4715:
4713:
4711:
4707:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4625:Padmasambhava
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4542:
4540:
4538:
4537:Major figures
4534:
4528:
4525:
4521:
4518:
4517:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4484:
4483:Western tulku
4481:
4480:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4415:
4413:
4411:
4407:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4380:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4355:
4353:
4351:
4347:
4341:
4338:
4334:
4331:
4330:
4329:
4326:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4308:
4307:
4304:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4284:Five precepts
4282:
4281:
4280:
4277:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4262:Dhamma vicaya
4260:
4258:
4255:
4254:
4253:
4250:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4210:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4173:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4109:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4084:
4083:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4072:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4030:BuddhÄbhiį¹£eka
4028:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4005:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3990:
3988:
3986:
3982:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3930:
3929:
3926:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3866:
3865:
3862:
3861:
3860:
3857:
3856:
3854:
3852:
3848:
3842:
3839:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3806:
3805:
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3677:
3675:
3674:Enlightenment
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3664:Dhamma theory
3662:
3660:
3659:Buddha-nature
3657:
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3135:
3134:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3116:
3113:
3112:
3111:
3110:Buddha in art
3108:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
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3089:
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3084:
3081:
3079:
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3018:
3015:
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3008:
3005:
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2999:
2998:
2995:
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2990:
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2927:
2923:
2916:
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2897:
2896:
2893:
2885:
2883:81-208-1817-2
2879:
2875:
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2834:
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2824:9780824816995
2820:
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2808:
2804:
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2797:
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2769:
2765:
2762:(in French),
2761:
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2755:
2751:
2747:
2744:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2721:
2718:
2714:
2711:(1): 131ā51,
2710:
2706:
2705:
2697:
2692:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2676:
2671:
2667:
2664:
2658:
2654:
2650:
2649:
2644:
2643:Keown, Damien
2640:
2637:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2614:
2611:
2605:
2601:
2594:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2582:
2563:on 2008-04-09
2562:
2558:
2552:
2538:on 2014-04-15
2537:
2533:
2527:
2519:
2513:
2509:
2508:
2500:
2491:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2467:
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2455:
2444:
2440:
2434:
2430:
2423:
2422:
2414:
2406:
2405:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2387:
2386:public domain
2373:
2362:
2358:
2352:
2348:
2345:(in French).
2340:
2336:
2335:
2330:
2324:
2313:
2309:
2307:0-415-33227-3
2303:
2299:
2295:
2288:
2284:
2278:
2267:
2263:
2261:9788120809550
2257:
2253:
2246:
2245:
2240:
2234:
2227:
2222:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2184:
2180:
2174:
2167:
2162:
2155:
2150:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2113:
2108:
2102:
2094:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2079:
2074:
2068:
2061:
2056:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2035:
2027:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2000:
1989:
1985:
1983:0-415-33227-3
1979:
1975:
1971:
1964:
1957:
1949:
1947:9788120819566
1943:
1939:
1935:
1934:
1926:
1919:
1914:
1907:
1903:
1898:
1892:, p. 12.
1891:
1886:
1879:
1874:
1866:
1864:1-85109-649-3
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1841:
1839:
1830:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1815:
1810:
1804:
1802:
1793:
1791:3-447-04232-X
1787:
1783:
1776:
1775:
1767:
1753:on 2017-08-02
1749:
1745:
1739:
1732:
1731:
1723:
1709:on 2008-07-04
1708:
1704:
1698:
1684:
1680:
1674:
1660:on 2008-05-15
1659:
1655:
1649:
1643:, p. 41.
1642:
1641:Nakagawa 2005
1637:
1630:
1625:
1618:
1614:
1609:
1602:
1597:
1590:
1585:
1578:
1573:
1566:
1561:
1554:
1549:
1542:
1537:
1531:, p. 46.
1530:
1529:Schumann 2004
1525:
1518:
1513:
1506:
1501:
1494:
1489:
1482:
1477:
1475:
1473:
1465:
1460:
1458:
1456:
1448:
1443:
1436:
1431:
1417:on 2012-01-17
1416:
1412:
1405:
1390:
1384:
1380:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
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1308:
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1278:
1274:
1270:
1265:
1263:
1262:
1257:
1253:
1241:
1233:
1228:
1227:enlightenment
1223:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1197:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1170:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1148:
1143:
1139:
1133:
1123:
1121:
1115:
1105:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1090:Maha Pajapati
1087:
1081:
1074:Sundari Nanda
1071:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1056:
1054:
1050:
1049:Sundari Nanda
1046:
1042:
1034:
1030:
1029:Maha Pajapati
1025:
1015:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
982:
980:
974:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
944:later sources
941:
937:
936:enlightenment
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
911:
901:
899:
896:and attained
895:
890:
887:
883:
879:
875:
870:
868:
864:
860:
856:
846:
844:
840:
836:
831:
829:
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821:
816:
814:
810:
806:
798:
793:
788:
778:
776:
772:
767:
765:
761:
755:
752:
748:
747:Ancient India
744:
735:
727:
722:
712:
710:
706:
702:
698:
693:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
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395:
390:
389:
382:
381:Vegetarianism
379:
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374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
336:Recollections
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
312:
309:
307:
306:Five precepts
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
293:
290:
285:
284:
277:
274:
272:
271:Chinese canon
269:
267:
266:Tibetan canon
264:
262:
259:
257:
254:
252:
249:
247:
244:
242:
239:
237:
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233:
230:
225:
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56:
53:
51:
48:
47:
46:
45:
41:
37:
36:
33:
30:
29:
25:
21:
20:
5780:Bodhisattvas
5700:Christianity
5695:BahĆ”Ź¼Ć Faith
5560:Dharmachakra
5550:Prayer wheel
5540:Prayer beads
5308:Architecture
5187:969 Movement
4971:Saudi Arabia
4949:Central Asia
4942:South Africa
4764:
4747:
4680:Panchen Lama
4585:BuddhapÄlita
4181:Satipatthana
4176:Mindful Yoga
4089:Recollection
4003:Brahmavihara
3874:Japanese Zen
3869:Chinese Chan
3829:Animal realm
3636:Key concepts
3458:Bodhisattvas
3379:
3270:Three Jewels
2996:
2869:
2864:
2840:
2814:
2787:
2763:
2757:
2728:
2708:
2702:
2674:
2647:
2621:
2591:
2565:. Retrieved
2561:the original
2551:
2540:. Retrieved
2536:the original
2526:
2506:
2499:
2480:
2476:
2466:
2454:
2443:the original
2420:
2413:
2402:
2372:
2361:the original
2338:
2333:
2323:
2312:the original
2293:
2277:
2266:the original
2243:
2233:
2221:
2211:23 September
2209:. Retrieved
2202:the original
2189:
2173:
2161:
2149:
2119:(4): 398ā9.
2116:
2110:
2101:
2077:
2067:
2055:
2038:
2032:
2026:
2017:
2013:
1999:
1988:the original
1969:
1956:
1932:
1925:
1913:
1897:
1885:
1873:
1850:
1813:
1809:Powers, John
1782:Harrassowitz
1773:
1766:
1755:. Retrieved
1748:the original
1729:
1722:
1711:. Retrieved
1707:the original
1697:
1686:. Retrieved
1683:SuttaCentral
1682:
1673:
1662:. Retrieved
1658:the original
1648:
1636:
1624:
1608:
1596:
1584:
1572:
1560:
1548:
1536:
1524:
1512:
1500:
1488:
1442:
1430:
1419:. Retrieved
1415:the original
1404:
1393:. Retrieved
1383:
1343:
1340:
1324:
1310:
1290:Wagner Dream
1288:
1276:
1266:
1259:
1224:
1209:
1202:commentaries
1198:
1167:
1160:SÅ«tra-Piį¹aka
1147:Sutta-Piį¹aka
1145:
1135:
1117:
1083:
1057:
1027:
983:
966:. Historian
964:act of truth
960:naturalistic
947:
931:
928:renunciation
920:early period
913:
891:
871:
852:
832:
817:
802:
768:
756:
740:
694:
663:
331:Merit making
296:Three Jewels
236:Buddhavacana
166:Impermanence
154:Dharma wheel
5625:Dharma talk
5454:Asalha Puja
5250:Eschatology
5053:Switzerland
5033:New Zealand
4961:Middle East
4870:Philippines
4790:Afghanistan
4595:Bodhidharma
4580:Buddhaghosa
4500:Householder
4410:Monasticism
4363:Bodhisattva
4218:Prostration
4171:Mindfulness
4099:Anapanasati
4082:Kammaį¹į¹hÄna
3879:Korean Seon
3819:Asura realm
3814:Human realm
3754:Ten Fetters
3709:Parinirvana
3611:Uppalavanna
3576:MahÄkaccana
3561:MahÄkassapa
3493:Kį¹£itigarbha
3488:ÄkÄÅagarbha
3385:SuddhodÄna
3330:Four sights
3257:Foundations
3122:Iconography
3115:life in art
2982:Four sights
2766:(1): 1ā37,
2557:"Devadatta"
2532:"Devadatta"
1601:Strong 1997
1589:Crosby 2013
1565:Crosby 2013
1553:Crosby 2013
1517:Strong 1997
1493:Strong 1997
1447:Strong 1997
1248:MadhyÄntika
1242:(Sanskrit:
1236:MahÄkÄÅyapa
1234:(Sanskrit:
1232:MahÄkassapa
1218:(Sanskrit:
1188:(Sanskrit:
1096:and became
1007:next Buddha
991:novice monk
971: [
886:Kapilavastu
867:Suppabuddha
813:Kapilavastu
701:Suppabuddha
566:New Zealand
421:Bodhisattva
406:Four Stages
361:Monasticism
341:Mindfulness
311:Perfections
241:Early Texts
5855:Categories
5742:Psychology
5722:Gnosticism
5710:Comparison
5705:Influences
5687:Comparison
5570:Bhavacakra
5528:Kushinagar
5503:Pilgrimage
5449:MÄgha PÅ«jÄ
5404:Bodhi Tree
5220:Buddhology
5210:Abhidharma
5202:Philosophy
5135:Menander I
5003:Costa Rica
4954:Uzbekistan
4795:Bangladesh
4749:Dhammapada
4733:Pali Canon
4695:Ajahn Chah
4675:Dalai Lama
4575:KumÄrajÄ«va
4570:Vasubandhu
4545:The Buddha
4453:Zen master
4388:Sakadagami
4368:Buddhahood
4299:Pratimokį¹£a
4114:Shikantaza
4070:Meditation
4045:Deity yoga
3916:Madhyamaka
3809:Deva realm
3704:Mindstream
3654:Bodhicitta
3566:Aį¹
gulimÄla
3433:Devadatta
3409:YaÅodharÄ
3312:The Buddha
3302:Middle Way
3042:Bodhi Tree
3007:Åuddhodana
2958:Middle Way
2922:The Buddha
2853:2863845613
2800:2863845613
2750:PƩri, Nƶel
2567:2008-03-27
2542:2012-05-26
2166:Keown 2004
1890:Keown 2004
1757:2018-09-23
1713:2008-03-27
1688:2022-04-08
1664:2008-03-27
1631:, passim..
1629:Meeks 2016
1505:Meeks 2016
1435:Meeks 2016
1421:2012-05-26
1395:2012-05-26
1376:References
1277:bhikkhunis
1244:ÅÄį¹akavÄsÄ«
1211:bhikkhunis
1086:Suddhodana
882:Suddhodana
835:Siddhartha
820:Queen Maya
721:Åuddhodana
715:Suddhodana
674:Åuddhodana
439:Traditions
376:Pilgrimage
316:Meditation
276:Post-canon
256:PÄli Canon
186:Middle Way
83:The Buddha
5810:Festivals
5790:Buddhists
5752:Theosophy
5555:Symbolism
5545:Hama yumi
5518:Bodh Gaya
5285:Socialism
5260:Evolution
5235:Economics
5073:Venezuela
4988:Australia
4983:Argentina
4907:Sri Lanka
4902:Singapore
4820:Indonesia
4782:Countries
4723:Tripiį¹aka
4685:Ajahn Mun
4560:Nagarjuna
4555:AÅvaghoį¹£a
4438:AnagÄrika
4433:ÅrÄmaį¹erÄ«
4428:ÅrÄmaį¹era
4423:Bhikkhunī
4383:SotÄpanna
4272:Passaddhi
4213:Offerings
4188:Nekkhamma
4065:Iddhipada
3985:Practices
3955:Theravada
3928:Vajrayana
3921:Yogachara
3891:Pure Land
3804:Six Paths
3791:Cosmology
3571:Anuruddha
3546:SÄriputta
3536:Kaundinya
3528:Disciples
3503:VajrapÄį¹i
3355:Footprint
3320:TathÄgata
3167:Wikiquote
3103:footprint
3038:Bodh Gaya
3017:YaÅodharÄ
2970:Disciples
2862:(2004) ,
2688:793535195
2429:Routledge
2393:(1911). "
2331:(1988) .
2298:Routledge
2285:(2005) .
2198:1342-7377
2141:161597822
1974:Routledge
1920:, Änanda.
1541:PĆ©ri 1918
1466:, RÄhula.
1327:Sariputta
1312:Devadatta
1307:Devadatta
1301:Devadatta
1297:in 2007.
1094:bhikkhuni
1064:bhikkhuni
979:Noƫl PƩri
948:conceived
894:bhikkhuni
855:YaÅodharÄ
853:Princess
849:YaÅodharÄ
697:YaÅodharÄ
586:Sri Lanka
576:Singapore
531:Indonesia
471:VajrayÄna
446:TheravÄda
401:Awakening
289:Practices
246:Tripiį¹aka
216:Cosmology
191:Emptiness
171:Suffering
5828:Category
5757:Violence
5727:Hinduism
5675:Sanskrit
5630:Hinayana
5615:AmitÄbha
5575:Swastika
5444:Uposatha
5434:Holidays
5419:Calendar
5265:Humanism
5103:Kanishka
5093:Timeline
4917:Thailand
4885:Kalmykia
4880:Buryatia
4865:Pakistan
4850:Mongolia
4845:Maldives
4840:Malaysia
4805:Cambodia
4670:Shamarpa
4665:Nichiren
4615:Xuanzang
4550:Nagasena
4468:Rinpoche
4198:PÄramitÄ
4040:Devotion
3960:Navayana
3948:Dzogchen
3911:Nichiren
3859:Mahayana
3851:Branches
3729:Saį¹
khÄra
3478:MaƱjuÅrÄ«
3435:(cousin)
3427:(cousin)
3395:(mother)
3387:(father)
3375:Miracles
3325:Birthday
3242:Glossary
3215:Buddhism
3137:Hinduism
3073:Prophecy
3063:Birthday
3058:Miracles
2938:Buddhism
2833:"Änanda"
2809:(1997),
2780:"RÄhula"
2752:(1918),
2672:(1960),
2645:(2004),
2589:(2013),
2241:(1993).
1855:ABC-CLIO
1847:"Ananda"
1353:See also
1331:Rajagaha
1285:libretto
1240:SÄį¹avÄsÄ«
1174:Sanskrit
1156:Sanskrit
1033:Sanskrit
1031:Gotami (
999:not-self
914:RÄhula (
845:to her.
809:Devadaha
797:Gandhara
743:Buddhist
596:Thailand
556:Mongolia
551:Malaysia
516:Cambodia
481:Navayana
461:Hinayana
456:MahÄyÄna
366:Lay life
196:Morality
176:Not-self
134:Concepts
93:Councils
78:Timeline
50:Glossary
32:Buddhism
24:a series
22:Part of
5805:Temples
5785:Buddhas
5747:Science
5737:Judaism
5732:Jainism
5650:Lineage
5610:AbhijƱÄ
5580:Thangka
5523:Sarnath
5508:Lumbini
5429:Funeral
5424:Cuisine
5300:Culture
5275:Reality
5225:Creator
5215:Atomism
5085:History
5058:Ukraine
5018:Germany
4937:Senegal
4927:Vietnam
4855:Myanmar
4655:Shinran
4645:Karmapa
4620:Shandao
4590:DignÄga
4515:ÅrÄvaka
4495:Donchee
4490:Kappiya
4448:Sayadaw
4418:Bhikkhu
4393:AnÄgÄmi
4350:Nirvana
4316:Samadhi
4203:Paritta
4144:Tonglen
4139:Mandala
4094:Smarana
4075:Mantras
4023:Upekkha
3993:Bhavana
3943:Shingon
3896:Tiantai
3749:TathÄtÄ
3739:ÅÅ«nyatÄ
3734:Skandha
3724:Saį¹sÄra
3719:Rebirth
3694:Kleshas
3684:Indriya
3586:Subhūti
3471:Guanyin
3425:Änanda
3417:RÄhula
3297:Nirvana
3237:Outline
3157:Commons
3034:Lumbini
2963:Sayings
2578:Sources
2401:(ed.).
2388::
2133:1062638
1703:"Nanda"
1335:siddhis
1120:Arahant
1041:AƱjana
824:Lumbini
805:Koliyan
775:arahant
670:Lumbini
606:Vietnam
561:Myanmar
476:Tibetan
466:Chinese
394:NirvÄį¹a
211:Saį¹sÄra
206:Rebirth
71:History
60:Outline
5800:Sutras
5795:Suttas
5660:Siddhi
5645:Koliya
5620:BrahmÄ
5535:Poetry
5481:Mantra
5471:Kasaya
5343:Pagoda
5323:Kyaung
5318:VihÄra
5313:Temple
5255:Ethics
5098:Ashoka
5048:Sweden
5043:Poland
5038:Norway
5028:Mexico
5013:France
4998:Canada
4993:Brazil
4932:Africa
4912:Taiwan
4875:Russia
4800:Bhutan
4760:Vinaya
4640:Naropa
4630:Saraha
4565:Asanga
4321:PrajƱÄ
4230:Refuge
4193:Nianfo
4154:Tertƶn
4149:Tantra
4134:Ganana
4124:Tukdam
4050:DhyÄna
4018:Mudita
4013:Karuį¹Ä
3906:Risshū
3901:Huayan
3834:Naraka
3774:AnattÄ
3769:Dukkha
3764:Anicca
3669:Dharma
3621:Channa
3556:Änanda
3541:Assaji
3508:Skanda
3411:(wife)
3380:Family
3360:Relics
3285:Sangha
3280:Dharma
3275:Buddha
3093:Cetiya
3088:Relics
3029:Places
3022:RÄhula
2997:Family
2880:
2851:
2821:
2798:
2739:
2686:
2659:
2632:
2606:
2514:
2435:
2397:". In
2395:Änanda
2382:
2353:
2341:]
2304:
2258:
2196:
2139:
2131:
2089:
2020:: 457.
1980:
1944:
1906:Änanda
1861:
1825:
1788:
1740:
1617:RÄhula
1369:Rohini
1316:sangha
1261:stūpas
1252:Second
1204:, and
1194:Saį¹
gha
1178:Dharma
1169:Dhamma
1132:Änanda
1126:Ananda
1060:Sangha
987:ordain
952:Buddha
932:RÄhula
910:RÄhula
904:RÄhula
863:Koliya
843:dharma
839:Tusita
764:sangha
760:dharma
709:RÄhula
682:Kosala
678:Shakya
666:Buddha
591:Taiwan
571:Russia
511:Brazil
506:Bhutan
426:Buddha
346:Wisdom
129:Dharma
5772:Lists
5640:Kalpa
5635:Iddhi
5498:Music
5493:Mudra
5459:Vassa
5439:Vesak
5409:Budai
5355:Candi
5338:Stupa
5270:Logic
5023:Italy
4922:Tibet
4860:Nepal
4830:Korea
4825:Japan
4815:India
4810:China
4755:Sutra
4710:Texts
4660:DÅgen
4650:HÅnen
4635:AtiÅa
4600:Zhiyi
4510:Achar
4478:Tulku
4473:Geshe
4458:RÅshi
4443:Ajahn
4398:Arhat
4358:Bodhi
4328:VÄ«rya
4245:Sacca
4240:Satya
4235:SÄdhu
4223:Music
4166:Merit
4159:Terma
4119:Zazen
4055:Faith
4008:MettÄ
3689:Karma
3649:Bardo
3616:Asita
3606:Khema
3596:UpÄli
3581:Nanda
3419:(son)
3393:MÄyÄ
3370:Films
3247:Index
3127:Films
3098:tooth
3083:Death
3068:Modak
2868:[
2835:, in
2782:, in
2699:(PDF)
2596:(PDF)
2446:(PDF)
2425:(PDF)
2364:(PDF)
2343:(PDF)
2337:[
2315:(PDF)
2290:(PDF)
2269:(PDF)
2248:(PDF)
2205:(PDF)
2186:(PDF)
2137:S2CID
2129:JSTOR
1991:(PDF)
1966:(PDF)
1778:(PDF)
1751:(PDF)
1734:(PDF)
1347:Avici
1320:UpÄli
1142:texts
1108:Nanda
1102:jhana
1098:arhat
1068:Arhat
1053:Nanda
995:truth
975:]
956:karma
898:arhat
865:king
828:Devas
705:Amita
601:Tibet
541:Korea
536:Japan
526:India
521:China
486:Newar
411:Arhat
201:Karma
55:Index
5670:PÄįø·i
5655:MÄra
5565:Flag
4966:Iran
4890:Tuva
4835:Laos
4463:Lama
4311:ÅÄ«la
4279:ÅÄ«la
4267:PÄ«ti
4257:Sati
4208:Puja
4129:Koan
4035:DÄna
3626:Yasa
3513:TÄrÄ
3002:Maya
2878:ISBN
2849:OCLC
2819:ISBN
2796:OCLC
2737:ISBN
2684:OCLC
2657:ISBN
2630:ISBN
2604:ISBN
2512:ISBN
2433:ISBN
2351:ISBN
2302:ISBN
2256:ISBN
2213:2018
2194:ISSN
2087:ISBN
1978:ISBN
1942:ISBN
1859:ISBN
1823:ISBN
1786:ISBN
1738:ISBN
1269:foil
1254:and
1152:PÄli
1088:and
1051:and
1011:nuns
916:PÄli
876:and
874:Maya
781:Maya
703:and
686:Maya
664:The
546:Laos
451:PÄli
5392:Art
5328:Wat
3864:Zen
2768:doi
2713:doi
2485:doi
2121:doi
2043:doi
1293:by
1062:as
5857::
4894:ru
3044:,
3040:,
3036:,
2876:,
2847:,
2794:,
2764:18
2731:,
2709:43
2707:,
2701:,
2682:,
2678:,
2655:,
2651:,
2624:,
2602:,
2598:,
2481:43
2479:.
2475:.
2427:.
2296:.
2254:.
2250:.
2188:.
2135:.
2127:.
2117:16
2115:.
2085:.
2081:.
2039:74
2037:.
2016:.
2012:.
1972:.
1936:.
1904:,
1853:.
1837:^
1821:.
1817:.
1800:^
1780:.
1681:.
1615:,
1471:^
1454:^
1176::
1158::
1154:;
1122:.
1104:.
1070:.
1035::
973:de
900:.
815:.
777:.
581:US
26:on
4896:)
4892:(
4110:)
4106:(
3201:e
3194:t
3187:v
2928:)
2924:(
2914:e
2907:t
2900:v
2770::
2715::
2570:.
2545:.
2520:.
2493:.
2487::
2215:.
2143:.
2123::
2095:.
2049:.
2045::
2018:7
2008:ā
1950:.
1908:.
1867:.
1831:.
1794:.
1760:.
1716:.
1691:.
1667:.
1619:.
1424:.
1398:.
1172:(
1150:(
653:e
646:t
639:v
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