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128:
28:
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their disappearance will not change this pure ground. But the disappearance itself is also illusionary since the mind is enlightened or pure from the beginning. This makes it impossible to speak of either being enlightened or unenlightened, a position which is clearly at odds with basic
Buddhist teachings. This is "cured" by overcoming "the discriminating thought processes that posit terms like
163:
1432:. Whereas Zhongfeng Mingben warns against the impossible attempt of totally silencing the mind, Hakuin uses the term in a more positive sense, to denote the workings of koans, which "possess the power to cause sudden death in students, raising the great doubt in their minds that will lead them to the 'great death' and the rebirth of
1224:
in his teachings on how to overcome this illusion. This sutra gives metaphors connected to illusion to explain the insubstantial nature of ignorance, such as dreams or flowers in the sky. Illusory phenomena emerge from an intrinsically pure ground. Since the illusions are not real in themselves,
1210:
and the ability of tricksters to create an illusionary world. Zhongfeng
Mingben states that this world is illusory, but that there is no alternative to this illusion. Students have to realize the pervasiveness of this illusion, and learn to act within it. The alternative for this illusionary or
1561:
as the attributes of their mind. It is just like when our eyes are diseased and we see flowers in the sky, or a second moon. Good sons, the sky actually has no flowers—they are the false attachment of the diseased person. And because of this false attachment, not only are we confused about the
1147:, if he can burn a finger or a toe as an offering to a Buddhastupa, he shall exceed one who uses realm or walled city, wife or children, or even all the lands, mountains, forests, rivers, ponds, and sundry precious objects in the whole thousand-million-fold world as offerings.
1256:
Another physical practice is calligraphy, the writing of characters. This writing is a bodily act. The writing of a character is not an intellectual inquiry, but "a performance of it". Zhongfeng
Mingben was a celebrated calligraphy artist.
1552:
The Sutra of
Perfect Enlightenment says: "What is ignorance? Good sons, all sentient beings fall into various inverted views without beginning. Just like a disoriented person who confuses the four directions, they mistakenly take the
1181:(618–907), the "golden age of Zen". Zhongfeng Mingben declined a number of titles, appointments and positions, temporarily choosing instead a life of wandering and solitary meditation. He turned down an invitation of
1543:) thus that everything exists and nothing is real, in the sense that nothing has its own fixed reality, fixed measure, fixed form, nothing that is alive, has its own nature or independent, autonomous substantiality.
1427:
warning against "wild fox slobber" can be traced back to
Zhongfeng Mingben. The term "wild fox" points to teachers who lead students astray by giving wrong information. The term wild fox is also the name of the
1124:
Zhongfeng
Mingben's family name was Sun. He was the youngest of seven children. His mother died when he was nine years old. Already in his teenage years he wanted to become a monk. From fifteen he observed the
1562:
self-nature of the sky; we are also mixed up about the place where real flowers come from. From this, there is the falsely existent transmigration through life and death. Therefore it is called "ignorance."
1452:
he tradition came to be increasingly anti-intellectual in orientation and, in the process, reduced its complex heritage to simple formulae for which literal interpretations were thought to be adequate.
4247:
516:
1294:). Zhongfeng Mingben attributed this to a lack of monastic discipline and a lack of personal dedication by monks, and tried to counter this by writing a monastic code, the
1363:
for principles of reality beyond the private or subjective opinion of one person and a teacher may test the student's ability to recognize and understand that principle.
1133:. His left hand became mutilated when, in his youth he burned the little finger as a sacrifice to the Buddha. This may have been inspired by chapter 23 of the
546:
1448:
Zhongfeng
Mingben's teachings mark the beginning of a development in Chinese Chán which made it vulnerable in the competition with other teachings:
1286:
Zhongfeng
Mingben lived after the "golden age of Chán" of the Tang and the proliferation of Chán during the Tang. His age was regarded as an age of
482:
2093:
1397:
of government-approved temples. Kosen Ingen was the most important of these
Japanese students. Other students include Kohō Kakumyō, a teacher of
4035:
502:
1170:
As a young man he was appointed to succeed the abbot of the monastery on Tianmu
Mountain, but fled the monastery in a search for solitude.
3374:
1324:
Zhongfeng Mingben was the first to compare the sayings and teachings of the 'masters of the old' with the public cases of the court, the
2238:
Foulk, T. Griffith (2000), "The form and function of kōan literature. A historical overview", in Steven Heine; Dale S. Wright (eds.),
4361:
2399:
Wright, Dale S. (2000), "Koan History. Transformative Language in Chinese Buddhist Thought", in Steven Heine; Dale S. Wright (eds.),
2703:
1241:
Illusion is also created by relying on words. There are alternative, non-discursive ways of relating to words, one of them being
2109:
1058:
1389:
Several Japanese Buddhists came to China to study with Zhongfeng Mingben on Mount T'ien-mu. They formed the Genjū line of the
2469:
2275:
526:
3630:
3404:
2435:
2381:
2363:
2345:
2318:
2265:
2229:
2211:
2193:
2149:
1173:
As an adult he had an "overpowering physical build". He was called "The old Buddha south of the sea", an allusion to
977:
541:
1206:, "Family instructions of Illusory Abiding", he describes himself as "the illusionary man", alluding to the play of
3425:
2460:
Heller, Natasha (2009b), "7: Between Zhongfeng Mingben and Zhao Mengfu: Chan Letters in Their Manuscript Context",
4479:
2408:
2247:
2171:
1220:
531:
497:
4489:
3934:
3677:
2500:
2595:
477:
4484:
4307:
3998:
3409:
3379:
2047:
1576:
442:
4003:
328:
3203:
2620:
2090:
1381:
1126:
521:
4067:
3887:
3625:
1464:. Its anti-intellectual rhetoric was no match for the intellectual discourse of the neo-Confucianists.
1351:"government post"), which referred to a "public record" or the "case records of a public law court" in
1051:
3275:
1253:(1089–1163). Insight must be based in bodily experience rather than mere intellectual discrimination.
1167:. Contrary to the norm, he grew long hair in (presumed) accordance with his teacher, Gaofeng Yuanmai.
892:
3749:
2185:
1437:
1390:
1273:(904–975), who lived three centuries earlier, he was an influential proponent of this dual practice.
1144:
3672:
2569:
2548:
1540:
1306:, a contemporary of Zhongfeng Mingben, when he wrote his guidelines for monasteries and monks, the
1182:
1005:
654:
251:
214:
2666:
1000:
4146:
3265:
1535:"). Sky stands for "empty" thus "Flowers in the empty". This corresponds to the principle of the
972:
882:
877:
2671:
4445:
3769:
3662:
3312:
2163:
945:
604:
564:
422:
241:
3851:
3841:
3322:
3307:
1601:
1503:, "The Comprehensive Record of Chung-feng"; includes his writings and recorded sayings (
897:
589:
4019:
3961:
3739:
3554:
3156:
2057:
1044:
619:
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1558:
887:
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4282:
3810:
3589:
3384:
1394:
371:
594:
8:
4151:
3903:
3882:
3734:
3703:
3161:
1212:
962:
609:
4321:
1402:
1177:, (709–788) one of the most influential teachers of Chan Buddhism, who lived during the
111:
4452:
4388:
4156:
3831:
3789:
3394:
2874:
2390:
Sasaki, Ruth Fuller (1965), "Introduction", in Isshu Miura; Ruth Fuller Sasaki (eds.),
2298:
1591:
is the table, desk, or bench of a magistrate appear on page 18 of Foulk 2000. See also
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1030:
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391:
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3708:
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2610:
2493:
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2404:
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2359:
2341:
2338:
Seeing Through Zen. Encounter, Transformation, and Genealogy in Chinese Chan Buddhism
2314:
2302:
2261:
2243:
2225:
2207:
2189:
2167:
2145:
1246:
1093:
728:
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3657:
3135:
2428:
A Master of His Own: The Calligraphy of the Chan Abbot Zhongfeng Mingben (1262–1323)
2311:
A Master of His Own: The Calligraphy of the Chan Abbot Zhongfeng Mingben (1262–1323)
2113:
1398:
924:
818:
289:
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3399:
3358:
3353:
3182:
3166:
3047:
2990:
2919:
2869:
2849:
2590:
2091:
The Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment (Yuanjue jing), translated by Charles Muller
1554:
1371:
1083:
982:
919:
777:
743:
698:
536:
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323:
3208:
1413:
1303:
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1572:
1429:
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1101:
758:
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723:
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432:
361:
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182:
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1536:
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909:
833:
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190:
138:
69:
4219:
4261:
3908:
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3815:
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1508:
1135:
688:
624:
614:
579:
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417:
306:
198:
3459:
3270:
4339:
4214:
4130:
3609:
3234:
2774:
2749:
2692:
2646:
2641:
2374:
Approaching the Land of Bliss: Religious Praxis in the Cult of Amitābha
2294:
1532:
1174:
865:
713:
569:
412:
376:
311:
284:
4188:
294:
4409:
4275:
4083:
3779:
3480:
3229:
3042:
3021:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2636:
2543:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1557:
as the attributes of their bodies and the conditioned shadows of the
1412:
Although they never met, Zhongfeng Mingben had a close affinity with
934:
929:
850:
801:
634:
279:
206:
2656:
2446:
Illusory abiding: The life and work of Zhongfeng Mingben (1263–1323)
2276:"The Chan Master as Illusionist: Zhongfeng Mingben's Huanzhu Jiaxun"
1494:, "Apprehending the thought within the Three Divisions of the Day".
437:
256:
27:
4268:
4248:
Long Scroll of the Treatise on the Two Entrances and Four Practices
4193:
4183:
3698:
3099:
3052:
2960:
2716:
2651:
1605:
1531:"Flowers in the sky" is translated in Japanese as "Kuge" (ch. 19; "
1406:
1360:
939:
333:
266:
59:
4125:
3490:
3454:
3068:
1970:
1291:
838:
823:
639:
4383:
3016:
2965:
2799:
2711:
1934:
1164:
1152:
1015:
708:
703:
407:
386:
381:
236:
4104:
1844:
1456:
This development left Chinese Chán vulnerable for criticisms by
1319:
162:
4378:
4120:
3239:
2661:
2356:
The Art of Buddhism: An Introduction to Its History and Meaning
2023:
1433:
1424:
1156:
1025:
1010:
860:
828:
796:
396:
261:
1393:, the more independent monasteries outside the cities and the
4088:
4062:
3224:
3037:
3011:
2950:
2945:
2687:
1885:
1883:
855:
813:
791:
356:
1958:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1692:
2721:
2697:
1900:
1898:
402:
2329:
Zhao Mengfu: Calligraphy and Painting for Khubilai's China
1880:
1832:
1781:
1756:
1754:
1729:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1143:
If there is one, opening up his thought, wishes to attain
2523:
2509:
2011:
1999:
1987:
1822:
1820:
1689:
1116:
through several Japanese teachers who studied under him.
1113:
177:
152:
2464:, vol. III, New York: Routledge, pp. 109–123,
1946:
1895:
1751:
1720:
1625:
2478:
1922:
1856:
1817:
1805:
1793:
1771:
1769:
1910:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1637:
2372:Payne, Richard Karl; Tanaka, Kenneth Kazuo (2004),
1766:
1215:, is not to be regarded as an enduring phenomenon.
2204:Zen Buddhism: A History. Volume 1: India and China
2035:
1708:
1668:
1649:
1416:, via the Japanese students who studied with him.
1868:
1476:, "The family instructions of "Illusory Abiding".
1347:"official correspondence; documents; files" of a
4471:
1739:
2258:Hakuin's Precious Mirror Cave: A Zen Miscellany
1482:, "Poem of Zhongfeng's love for the Pure Land".
2494:
1507:) compiled by Po-T'ing T'zu-chi for the last
1052:
2401:The Koan. Texts and Contexts in Zen Buddhism
2240:The Kōan. Texts and contexts in Zen Buddhism
2179:
2160:The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Zen Buddhism
2029:
1245:, "observing the key phrase", the method of
2371:
2353:
1889:
1702:
2501:
2487:
2326:
2017:
1108:. He adhered to the rigorous style of the
1059:
1045:
26:
4362:Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance
2219:
2201:
2080:Cultural association "Flowers in the Sky"
1964:
1952:
1904:
1760:
1733:
1643:
1631:
3375:Buddha's Light International Association
2222:Zen Buddhism: A History. Volume 2: Japan
2180:de Bary, Theodore; Bloom, Irene (2000),
2142:Fanbai. Chinese Buddhist Monastic Chants
1370:
2273:
1862:
1850:
1838:
1826:
1811:
1799:
1787:
1775:
1587:Assertions that the literal meaning of
1088:
4472:
2704:Who is the master that sees and hears?
2398:
2389:
2255:
2182:Sources of Chinese Tradition, Volume 1
2157:
2053:
2005:
1993:
1981:
1916:
1281:
2482:
2335:
2308:
2237:
1940:
1928:
1874:
1745:
1714:
1683:
1662:
1619:
1501:T'ien-mu Chung-feng Ho-shang Kuang-lu
1104:master who lived at the beginning of
2139:
2041:
1236:
2403:, Oxford: Oxford University Press,
1419:
1265:Zhongfeng Mingben merged Chán with
1151:In 1287 Zhongfeng Mingben received
13:
2418:
2340:, The University Press Group Ltd,
2283:Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies
2274:Heller, Natasha (December 2009a),
1379:One of six letters, ink on paper;
1377:(与中峰明本尺牘, yochūhō myōhon sekitoku)
14:
4511:
3405:Dharma Realm Buddhist Association
2066:
1302:), in 1317. This work influenced
978:Zen organisation and institutions
542:Anthology of the Patriarchal Hall
4457:
4456:
4433:
4432:
3426:Dharma Realm Buddhist University
1218:Zhongfeng Mingben relies on the
517:Two Entrances and Four Practices
161:
126:
2102:
2084:
2073:
1600:(1295–1374) Founding priest of
1594:
1581:
1565:
1546:
1525:
1366:
1331:According to Zhongfeng Mingben
1163:. In 1288 he was ordained as a
4029:Other Rinzai or Linji lineages
3897:Other Rinzai or Linji lineages
2444:Heller, Natasha Lynne (2005),
2376:, University of Hawaii Press,
1221:Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment
532:Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment
1:
3935:Soto Zen Buddhist Association
3678:Tassajara Zen Mountain Center
1614:
1375:Epistle to Zhongfeng Mingben
290:Hakuin's Four ways of knowing
3999:Throssel Hole Buddhist Abbey
3631:Trúc Lâm Monastery of Da Lat
3410:City of Ten Thousand Buddhas
3380:Four Heavenly Kings (Taiwan)
2462:Buddhist Manuscript Cultures
2354:Patry Leidy, Denise (2009),
2331:, Hong Kong University Press
2220:Dumoulin, Heinrich (2005b),
2202:Dumoulin, Heinrich (2005a),
1984:, pp. 243–244, note 15.
1943:, pp. 172–173, note 16.
1460:, which developed after the
1443:
1405:(1290–1367), the founder of
1276:
1260:
1192:
1119:
749:Yunmen Wenyan (Ummon Bun'en)
7:
4004:Norwich Zen Buddhist Priory
2242:, Oxford University Press,
1292:"Degenerate age of the Law"
1197:
329:Doctrinal background of Zen
110:Kosen Ingen, Kohō Kakumyō,
10:
4516:
4140:Institutional organisation
4068:Buddhist initiation ritual
3888:Dai Bosatsu Zendo Kongo-ji
3368:Contemperory Organizations
2358:, Shambhala Publications,
2327:McCausland, Shane (2011),
2132:
1317:
1313:
4428:
4397:
4371:
4353:
4331:
4308:Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind
4299:
4239:
4232:
4202:
4176:
4169:
4139:
4113:
4097:
4076:
4055:
4048:
4028:
4012:
3986:
3970:
3954:
3947:
3927:
3896:
3865:
3824:
3798:
3750:Zen Center of Los Angeles
3717:
3686:
3650:
3643:
3618:
3597:
3588:
3563:
3547:
3540:
3520:
3499:
3473:
3447:
3438:
3418:
3367:
3341:
3300:
3293:
3248:
3217:
3196:
3175:
3144:
3123:
3082:
3061:
3030:
3004:
2938:
2737:
2730:
2680:
2629:
2583:
2557:
2516:
2186:Columbia University Press
2158:Baroni, Helen J. (2002),
2096:October 15, 2014, at the
1853:, pp. 273 & 303.
1480:Zhongfeng huai Qingtu shi
1269:teachings. Together with
1097:
1079:
729:Dongshan Liangjie (Tozan)
101:
93:
88:
75:
65:
55:
47:
39:
34:
25:
18:
3673:San Francisco Zen Center
3204:Karlfried Graf Dürckheim
2549:Zen in the United States
2430:, Franz Steiner Verlag,
2313:, Franz Steiner Verlag,
2030:de Bary & Bloom 2000
1519:
1467:
1382:Seikadō Bunko Art Museum
1183:Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan
655:Ordinary Mind Zen School
547:Transmission of the Lamp
252:Turning the light around
215:Zen in the United States
4147:Zen ranks and hierarchy
2508:
1890:Payne & Tanaka 2004
1541:three seals of Buddhism
1486:Admonition on filiality
1202:In Zhongfeng Mingben's
1145:Anuttarā samyaksaṃbodhi
973:Zen ranks and hierarchy
946:Category: Zen Buddhists
280:Ten Ox-Herding Pictures
3799:Philip Kapleau lineage
3770:Geoffrey Shugen Arnold
3663:Zentatsu Richard Baker
3651:Shunryū Suzuki lineage
3521:Academic organizations
3419:Academic organizations
3313:East Mountain Teaching
2667:Three Mysterious Gates
2448:, Harvard University,
2260:, Counterpoint Press,
2224:, World Wisdom Books,
2206:, World Wisdom Books,
2164:Rosen Publishing Group
2144:, A-R Editions, Inc.,
1515:and presented in 1334.
1454:
1386:
1149:
605:Plum Village Tradition
565:East Mountain Teaching
527:The Awakening of Faith
423:Prostration (Buddhism)
242:Original enlightenment
4480:Chinese Zen Buddhists
4020:Shinzan Miyamae Roshi
3962:Hugo Enomiya-Lassalle
3866:Soen Nakagawa lineage
3555:Nine mountain schools
3157:Hugo Enomiya-Lassalle
2140:Chen, Pi-Yen (2010),
1450:
1374:
1318:Further information:
1141:
759:Dahui Zonggao (Tahui)
739:Linji Yixuan (Rinzai)
734:Xuefeng Yicun (Seppo)
719:Shitou Xiqian (Kisen)
620:Kwan Um School of Zen
503:Mahaparinirvana Sutra
473:Prajñaparamita sutras
467:Indian Mahayana texts
4490:People from Hangzhou
4322:Three Pillars of Zen
4283:The Gateless Barrier
4049:Hierarchy and titles
3811:Rochester Zen Center
3385:Dharma Drum Mountain
2672:Four Ways of Knowing
2652:Sudden Enlightenment
2558:Doctrinal background
2336:McRae, John (2003),
1395:Five Mountain System
1296:Huan-chu ch'ing-kuei
372:Bodhisattva Precepts
80:Chung-feng Ming-pen
4485:Yuan dynasty people
4203:Main Rinzai Temples
4152:Dharma transmission
3987:Other Sōtō lineages
3971:Kōdō Sawaki lineage
3904:Kyozan Joshu Sasaki
3883:Zen Studies Society
3852:Gudō Wafu Nishijima
3842:Kōbun Chino Otogawa
3825:Other Sōtō lineages
3735:Robert Baker Aitken
3687:Kōdō Sawaki lineage
3323:Five Houses of Chán
3308:Five Houses of Chán
2570:East Asian Yogācāra
2426:Lauer, Uta (2002),
2309:Lauer, Uta (2002),
2032:, pp. 529–531.
2008:, pp. 210–211.
1996:, pp. 209–210.
1967:, pp. 203–204.
1841:, pp. 287–288.
1790:, pp. 271–277.
1282:Monastic discipline
1100:), 1263–1323 was a
1089:Chung-feng Ming-pen
963:Dharma transmission
610:Order of Interbeing
590:Five Houses of Chán
334:Representation-only
285:Five ranks of Tozan
4389:Pure Land Buddhism
4354:Cultural influence
4157:Zen lineage charts
3790:Kanzeon Zen Center
3626:Vạn Hạnh Monastery
3564:Contemporary sects
3395:Tzu Chi Foundation
2875:Liangshan Yuanguan
2584:Influential Sutras
2295:10.1353/jas.0.0020
1620:Written references
1387:
1213:the absolute truth
1031:Pure Land Buddhism
968:Zen lineage charts
392:Walking meditation
4467:
4466:
4405:Heinrich Dumoulin
4398:Academic research
4349:
4348:
4228:
4227:
4177:Main Sōtō Temples
4165:
4164:
4044:
4043:
3994:Houn Jiyu-Kennett
3943:
3942:
3755:White Plum Asanga
3639:
3638:
3584:
3583:
3536:
3535:
3512:Ningen Zen Kyodan
3500:Lay organizations
3434:
3433:
3289:
3288:
3176:White Plum Asanga
2795:Dongshan Liangjie
2611:Vimalakirti Sutra
2596:Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra
2471:978-0-415-77616-5
2116:on August 5, 2012
1931:, pp. 21–22.
1391:Rinka monasteries
1359:thus serves as a
1339:(公府之案牘, Japanese
1237:Physical practice
1072:Zhongfeng Mingben
1069:
1068:
773:Zhongfeng Mingben
714:Mazu Daoyi (Baso)
650:White Plum Asanga
493:Vimalakirti Sutra
483:Śrīmālādevī Sūtra
478:Lankavatara Sutra
307:Bodhisattva ideal
121:
120:
83:
20:Zhongfeng Mingben
4507:
4460:
4459:
4436:
4435:
4420:William Bodiford
4237:
4236:
4174:
4173:
4053:
4052:
3978:Taisen Deshimaru
3952:
3951:
3878:Eido Tai Shimano
3765:John Daido Loori
3718:Yasutani lineage
3648:
3647:
3595:
3594:
3590:Vietnamese Thiền
3548:Historical sects
3545:
3544:
3448:Historical sects
3445:
3444:
3301:Historical sects
3298:
3297:
3249:Vietnamese Thiền
2915:Tiantong Zongjue
2910:Zhenxie Qingliao
2900:Hongzhi Zhengjue
2830:Dongshan Shouchu
2810:Nanyang Huizhong
2805:Baizhang Huaihai
2780:Baizhang Huaihai
2735:
2734:
2616:Avatamsaka Sutra
2544:Vietnamese Thiền
2503:
2496:
2489:
2480:
2479:
2474:
2456:
2440:
2413:
2395:
2386:
2368:
2350:
2332:
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2305:
2280:
2270:
2252:
2234:
2216:
2198:
2176:
2154:
2126:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2112:. Archived from
2106:
2100:
2088:
2082:
2077:
2061:
2051:
2045:
2039:
2033:
2027:
2021:
2015:
2009:
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1703:Patry Leidy 2009
1700:
1687:
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1666:
1660:
1647:
1641:
1635:
1629:
1609:
1602:Hōkizan Chōju-ji
1598:
1592:
1585:
1579:
1569:
1563:
1550:
1544:
1537:insubstantiality
1529:
1458:neo-Confucianism
1420:Wild fox slobber
1403:Jakushitsu Genkō
1384:
1378:
1343:– literally the
1271:Yongming Yanshou
1211:relative world,
1099:
1090:
1081:
1061:
1054:
1047:
872:Thiền in Vietnam
754:Yongming Yanshou
498:Avatamsaka Sutra
267:Sudden awakening
165:
155:
147:
143:
137:
130:
123:
122:
112:Jakushitsu Genkō
97:Gaofeng Yuanmiao
84:
81:
76:Other names
30:
16:
15:
4515:
4514:
4510:
4509:
4508:
4506:
4505:
4504:
4470:
4469:
4468:
4463:
4424:
4393:
4372:Related schools
4367:
4345:
4327:
4295:
4224:
4198:
4161:
4135:
4109:
4093:
4072:
4040:
4024:
4008:
3982:
3966:
3939:
3923:
3919:Keido Fukushima
3892:
3861:
3847:Gyokuko Carlson
3837:Dainin Katagiri
3820:
3794:
3775:Zen Peacemakers
3760:Bernie Glassman
3725:Hakuun Yasutani
3713:
3709:Shōhaku Okumura
3682:
3635:
3614:
3580:
3559:
3532:
3516:
3495:
3469:
3430:
3414:
3363:
3337:
3318:Hongzhou school
3285:
3276:Thích Nhất Hạnh
3244:
3213:
3192:
3171:
3152:Hakuun Yasutani
3140:
3119:
3115:Keido Fukushima
3078:
3062:Traditional Zen
3057:
3026:
3000:
2934:
2925:Tiantong Rujing
2905:Wansong Xingxiu
2880:Dayang Jingxuan
2855:Yunyan Tansheng
2840:Qingyuan Xingsi
2770:Nanyue Huairang
2755:Jianzhi Sengcan
2726:
2676:
2625:
2621:Śūraṅgama Sūtra
2579:
2553:
2512:
2507:
2477:
2472:
2459:
2443:
2438:
2425:
2421:
2419:Further reading
2416:
2411:
2384:
2366:
2348:
2321:
2278:
2268:
2256:Hakuin (2009),
2250:
2232:
2214:
2196:
2174:
2152:
2135:
2130:
2129:
2119:
2117:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2098:Wayback Machine
2089:
2085:
2078:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2052:
2048:
2040:
2036:
2028:
2024:
2018:McCausland 2011
2016:
2012:
2004:
2000:
1992:
1988:
1980:
1971:
1963:
1959:
1951:
1947:
1939:
1935:
1927:
1923:
1919:, pp. 4–6.
1915:
1911:
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1606:Kenchoji School
1599:
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1566:
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1547:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1497:
1470:
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1380:
1376:
1369:
1337:gōngfǔ zhī àndú
1322:
1316:
1284:
1279:
1263:
1239:
1200:
1195:
1185:to come to the
1161:Tianmu Mountain
1122:
1112:and influenced
1065:
1036:
1035:
996:
995:Related schools
988:
987:
958:
950:
949:
915:Hakuun Yasutani
893:Thích Nhất Hạnh
678:
673:
665:
664:
660:Zen Peacemakers
585:Hongzhou school
560:
552:
551:
522:Śūraṅgama Sūtra
463:
453:
452:
448:Zen calligraphy
367:Bodhisattva vow
362:Six Perfections
352:
344:
343:
275:
233:
228:
220:
219:
173:
153:
145:
139:
135:
117:
107:
106:
79:
21:
12:
11:
5:
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4347:
4346:
4344:
4343:
4335:
4333:
4329:
4328:
4326:
4325:
4318:
4315:The Way of Zen
4311:
4303:
4301:
4297:
4296:
4294:
4293:
4286:
4279:
4272:
4265:
4258:
4255:Platform Sutra
4251:
4243:
4241:
4234:
4233:Zen literature
4230:
4229:
4226:
4225:
4223:
4222:
4217:
4212:
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4070:
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4038:
4032:
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4026:
4025:
4023:
4022:
4016:
4014:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3990:
3988:
3984:
3983:
3981:
3980:
3974:
3972:
3968:
3967:
3965:
3964:
3958:
3956:
3949:
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3938:
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3931:
3929:
3925:
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3922:
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3916:
3911:
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3875:
3869:
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3863:
3862:
3860:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3828:
3826:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3806:Philip Kapleau
3802:
3800:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3745:Taizan Maezumi
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3721:
3719:
3715:
3714:
3712:
3711:
3706:
3704:Kōshō Uchiyama
3701:
3696:
3690:
3688:
3684:
3683:
3681:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3658:Shunryū Suzuki
3654:
3652:
3645:
3641:
3640:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3628:
3622:
3620:
3616:
3615:
3613:
3612:
3607:
3601:
3599:
3592:
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3585:
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3579:
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3534:
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3531:
3530:
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3522:
3518:
3517:
3515:
3514:
3509:
3503:
3501:
3497:
3496:
3494:
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3488:
3483:
3477:
3475:
3471:
3470:
3468:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3451:
3449:
3442:
3436:
3435:
3432:
3431:
3429:
3428:
3422:
3420:
3416:
3415:
3413:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3400:Chung Tai Shan
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3371:
3369:
3365:
3364:
3362:
3361:
3359:Guiyang school
3356:
3354:Caodong school
3351:
3345:
3343:
3339:
3338:
3336:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3304:
3302:
3295:
3291:
3290:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3283:
3281:Thích Thanh Từ
3278:
3273:
3268:
3266:Trần Nhân Tông
3263:
3258:
3252:
3250:
3246:
3245:
3243:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3221:
3219:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3211:
3206:
3200:
3198:
3194:
3193:
3191:
3190:
3185:
3183:Taizan Maezumi
3179:
3177:
3173:
3172:
3170:
3169:
3167:Philip Kapleau
3164:
3159:
3154:
3148:
3146:
3142:
3141:
3139:
3138:
3136:Shunryū Suzuki
3133:
3127:
3125:
3121:
3120:
3118:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3086:
3084:
3080:
3079:
3077:
3076:
3071:
3065:
3063:
3059:
3058:
3056:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3034:
3032:
3031:Modern Guiyang
3028:
3027:
3025:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3008:
3006:
3005:Modern Caodong
3002:
3001:
2999:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2942:
2940:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2920:Xuedou Zhijian
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2870:Tongan Guanzhi
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2850:Yaoshan Weiyan
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2741:
2739:
2738:Classical Chan
2732:
2728:
2727:
2725:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2695:
2690:
2684:
2682:
2678:
2677:
2675:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2633:
2631:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2591:Zen scriptures
2587:
2585:
2581:
2580:
2578:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2561:
2559:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2520:
2518:
2514:
2513:
2506:
2505:
2498:
2491:
2483:
2476:
2475:
2470:
2457:
2441:
2436:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2414:
2409:
2396:
2387:
2382:
2369:
2364:
2351:
2346:
2333:
2324:
2319:
2306:
2289:(2): 271–308,
2271:
2266:
2253:
2248:
2235:
2230:
2217:
2212:
2199:
2194:
2177:
2172:
2155:
2150:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2101:
2083:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2067:Web references
2065:
2063:
2062:
2046:
2034:
2022:
2020:, p. 360.
2010:
1998:
1986:
1969:
1965:Dumoulin 2005b
1957:
1955:, p. 199.
1953:Dumoulin 2005b
1945:
1933:
1921:
1909:
1907:, p. 161.
1905:Dumoulin 2005b
1894:
1892:, p. 212.
1879:
1867:
1865:, p. 302.
1855:
1843:
1831:
1829:, p. 285.
1816:
1814:, p. 294.
1804:
1802:, p. 273.
1792:
1780:
1765:
1763:, p. 197.
1761:Dumoulin 2005b
1750:
1738:
1736:, p. 159.
1734:Dumoulin 2005b
1719:
1707:
1705:, p. 352.
1688:
1667:
1648:
1644:Dumoulin 2005b
1636:
1634:, p. 155.
1632:Dumoulin 2005b
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1610:
1593:
1580:
1564:
1545:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1517:
1516:
1496:
1495:
1489:
1483:
1477:
1474:Huanzhu Jiaxun
1469:
1466:
1445:
1442:
1421:
1418:
1399:Bassui Tokushō
1368:
1365:
1341:kōfu no antoku
1315:
1312:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1262:
1259:
1249:introduced by
1238:
1235:
1204:Huanzhu Jiaxun
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1121:
1118:
1067:
1066:
1064:
1063:
1056:
1049:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
997:
994:
993:
990:
989:
986:
985:
983:Zen Narratives
980:
975:
970:
965:
959:
956:
955:
952:
951:
943:
942:
937:
932:
927:
925:Shunryū Suzuki
922:
920:Taizan Maezumi
917:
912:
901:
900:
898:Thích Thiên-Ân
895:
890:
888:Thích Thanh Từ
885:
883:Trần Nhân Tông
880:
878:Trần Thái Tông
869:
868:
863:
858:
853:
842:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
816:
805:
804:
799:
794:
781:
780:
778:Hanshan Deqing
775:
766:Post-classical
762:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
674:
671:
670:
667:
666:
663:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
592:
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
561:
558:
557:
554:
553:
550:
549:
544:
539:
537:Platform Sutra
534:
529:
524:
519:
506:
505:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
464:
459:
458:
455:
454:
451:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
428:Buddhist chant
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
400:
394:
389:
384:
379:
374:
369:
364:
359:
353:
350:
349:
346:
345:
342:
341:
336:
331:
326:
324:Zen and Sutras
315:
314:
309:
298:
297:
292:
287:
282:
270:
269:
264:
259:
254:
249:
244:
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218:
217:
212:
204:
196:
188:
180:
174:
171:
170:
167:
166:
158:
157:
149:
148:
132:
131:
119:
118:
116:
115:
104:
103:
102:
99:
98:
95:
91:
90:
89:Senior posting
86:
85:
77:
73:
72:
67:
63:
62:
57:
53:
52:
49:
45:
44:
41:
37:
36:
32:
31:
23:
22:
19:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4512:
4501:
4498:
4496:
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4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4477:
4475:
4455:
4454:
4450:
4448:
4447:
4446:Zen Buddhists
4443:
4441:
4440:
4431:
4430:
4427:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
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4380:
4377:
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4364:
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4342:
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4330:
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4319:
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4312:
4310:
4309:
4305:
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4302:
4298:
4292:
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4280:
4278:
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4218:
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4208:
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4168:
4158:
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4142:
4138:
4132:
4129:
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4119:
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4112:
4106:
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4100:
4096:
4090:
4087:
4085:
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4079:
4075:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4060:
4058:
4054:
4051:
4047:
4037:
4036:Kaishin Inshu
4034:
4033:
4031:
4027:
4021:
4018:
4017:
4015:
4011:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3991:
3989:
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3907:
3905:
3902:
3901:
3899:
3895:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3873:Soen Nakagawa
3871:
3870:
3868:
3864:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3832:Sōyū Matsuoka
3830:
3829:
3827:
3823:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3803:
3801:
3797:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3785:Dennis Merzel
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
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3602:
3600:
3596:
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3587:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3568:
3566:
3562:
3556:
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3552:
3550:
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3543:
3539:
3529:
3526:
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3523:
3519:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3504:
3502:
3498:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
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3479:
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3466:
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3458:
3456:
3453:
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3450:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3437:
3427:
3424:
3423:
3421:
3417:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3390:Fo Guang Shan
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3372:
3370:
3366:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3340:
3334:
3333:Yunmen school
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3299:
3296:
3292:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3247:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3222:
3220:
3216:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3195:
3189:
3188:Dennis Merzel
3186:
3184:
3181:
3180:
3178:
3174:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3162:Robert Aitken
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3143:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3122:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3110:Soen Nakagawa
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3090:Imakita Kosen
3088:
3087:
3085:
3083:Modern Rinzai
3081:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3060:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3029:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3003:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2956:Nan Huai-Chin
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2943:
2941:
2939:Modern Lingji
2937:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2895:Danxia Zichun
2893:
2891:
2890:Furong Daokai
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2860:Yunju Daoying
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2845:Shitou Xiqian
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2825:Yunmen Wenyan
2823:
2821:
2820:Xuefeng Yicun
2818:
2816:
2815:Dahui Zonggao
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2785:Huangbo Xiyun
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2736:
2733:
2729:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2705:
2701:
2700:
2699:
2698:Koan practice
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2679:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2634:
2632:
2628:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2601:Diamond Sutra
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2582:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2565:Buddha-nature
2563:
2562:
2560:
2556:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2529:Chan Buddhism
2527:
2525:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2517:Main articles
2515:
2511:
2504:
2499:
2497:
2492:
2490:
2485:
2484:
2481:
2473:
2467:
2463:
2458:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2442:
2439:
2437:9783515079327
2433:
2429:
2424:
2423:
2412:
2406:
2402:
2397:
2394:, Harvest/HBJ
2393:
2388:
2385:
2383:9780824825782
2379:
2375:
2370:
2367:
2365:9781590306703
2361:
2357:
2352:
2349:
2347:9780520237988
2343:
2339:
2334:
2330:
2325:
2322:
2320:9783515079327
2316:
2312:
2307:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2277:
2272:
2269:
2267:9781582434759
2263:
2259:
2254:
2251:
2245:
2241:
2236:
2233:
2231:9780941532907
2227:
2223:
2218:
2215:
2213:9780941532891
2209:
2205:
2200:
2197:
2195:9780231109390
2191:
2187:
2183:
2178:
2175:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2156:
2153:
2151:9780895796721
2147:
2143:
2138:
2137:
2115:
2111:
2105:
2099:
2095:
2092:
2087:
2081:
2076:
2072:
2059:
2055:
2050:
2044:, p. 30.
2043:
2038:
2031:
2026:
2019:
2014:
2007:
2002:
1995:
1990:
1983:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1966:
1961:
1954:
1949:
1942:
1937:
1930:
1925:
1918:
1913:
1906:
1901:
1899:
1891:
1886:
1884:
1876:
1871:
1864:
1859:
1852:
1847:
1840:
1835:
1828:
1823:
1821:
1813:
1808:
1801:
1796:
1789:
1784:
1777:
1772:
1770:
1762:
1757:
1755:
1747:
1742:
1735:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1717:, p. 52.
1716:
1711:
1704:
1699:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1686:, p. 51.
1685:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1665:, p. 50.
1664:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1645:
1640:
1633:
1628:
1624:
1607:
1603:
1597:
1590:
1584:
1578:
1577:Aālayavijñāna
1574:
1573:Buddha nature
1568:
1560:
1556:
1555:Four Elements
1549:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1528:
1524:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1493:
1492:Sanshi xinian
1490:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1453:
1449:
1441:
1439:
1438:enlightenment
1435:
1431:
1430:Wild fox koan
1426:
1417:
1415:
1410:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1383:
1373:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1329:
1327:
1321:
1311:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1274:
1272:
1268:
1258:
1254:
1252:
1251:Dahui Zonggao
1248:
1244:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1223:
1222:
1216:
1214:
1209:
1205:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1155:at Shiziyuan
1154:
1148:
1146:
1140:
1138:
1137:
1132:
1131:Five Precepts
1128:
1117:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1102:Chan Buddhist
1095:
1091:
1085:
1077:
1073:
1062:
1057:
1055:
1050:
1048:
1043:
1042:
1040:
1039:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
998:
992:
991:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
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969:
966:
964:
961:
960:
954:
953:
948:
947:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
907:
906:
905:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
875:
874:
873:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
848:
847:
846:
845:Seon in Korea
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
811:
810:
809:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
789:
788:
787:
786:
779:
776:
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771:
770:
769:
768:
767:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
704:Huineng (Enō)
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
686:
685:
684:
683:
677:
676:Chán in China
669:
668:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
630:Rinzai school
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
575:Oxhead school
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
562:
556:
555:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
514:
513:
512:
511:
510:Chinese texts
504:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
470:
469:
468:
462:
461:Zen scripture
457:
456:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
433:Dharma combat
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
354:
348:
347:
340:
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
325:
322:
321:
320:
319:
313:
310:
308:
305:
304:
303:
302:
296:
293:
291:
288:
286:
283:
281:
278:
277:
276:
274:
268:
265:
263:
260:
258:
255:
253:
250:
248:
247:Buddha-nature
245:
243:
240:
238:
235:
234:
232:
231:The "essence"
224:
223:
216:
213:
211:
210:
205:
203:
202:
197:
195:
194:
189:
187:
186:
181:
179:
176:
175:
172:Main articles
169:
168:
164:
160:
159:
156:
151:
150:
144:
142:
134:
133:
129:
125:
124:
113:
109:
108:
100:
96:
92:
87:
78:
74:
71:
68:
64:
61:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
33:
29:
24:
17:
4451:
4444:
4439:Zen Buddhism
4437:
4415:Steven Heine
4360:
4338:
4320:
4313:
4306:
4288:
4281:
4274:
4267:
4260:
4253:
4246:
4013:Zendo Kyodan
3955:Sanbo Kyodan
3948:European Zen
3914:Shodo Harada
3740:John Tarrant
3730:Sanbo Kyodan
3668:Mel Weitsman
3598:Extant sects
3528:Kyoto School
3507:Sanbo Kyodan
3474:Extant sects
3440:Japanese Zen
3349:Linji school
3342:Extant sects
3328:Fayan school
3294:Chinese Chán
3145:Sanbo Kyodan
3105:D. T. Suzuki
3074:Hakuin Ekaku
2930:Xueting Fuyu
2885:Touzi Yiqing
2865:Tongan Daopi
2835:Yuanwu Keqin
2790:Linji Yixuan
2539:Japanese Zen
2461:
2445:
2427:
2400:
2392:The Zen Kōan
2391:
2373:
2355:
2337:
2328:
2310:
2286:
2282:
2257:
2239:
2221:
2203:
2181:
2159:
2141:
2118:. Retrieved
2114:the original
2104:
2086:
2075:
2049:
2037:
2025:
2013:
2001:
1989:
1960:
1948:
1936:
1924:
1912:
1870:
1863:Heller 2009a
1858:
1851:Heller 2009a
1846:
1839:Heller 2009a
1834:
1827:Heller 2009a
1812:Heller 2009a
1807:
1800:Heller 2009a
1795:
1788:Heller 2009a
1783:
1776:Heller 2009a
1741:
1710:
1639:
1627:
1596:
1588:
1583:
1567:
1548:
1539:(one of the
1527:
1509:Yuan emperor
1504:
1500:
1491:
1485:
1479:
1473:
1462:Song dynasty
1455:
1451:
1447:
1423:
1411:
1388:
1367:Japanese Zen
1357:Kōan/gong'an
1356:
1353:Tang-dynasty
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1335:abbreviates
1332:
1330:
1325:
1323:
1308:Rinsen kakun
1307:
1300:Genju shingi
1299:
1295:
1287:
1285:
1264:
1255:
1242:
1240:
1230:
1226:
1219:
1217:
1203:
1201:
1179:Tang dynasty
1172:
1169:
1150:
1142:
1134:
1123:
1110:Linji school
1098:Chūhō Myōhon
1087:
1071:
1070:
944:
910:D. T. Suzuki
903:
902:
871:
870:
844:
843:
834:Hakuin Ekaku
808:Zen in Japan
807:
806:
785:Contemporary
784:
783:
782:
772:
765:
764:
763:
681:
680:
679:
675:
645:Sanbo Kyodan
640:Ōbaku school
595:Tibetan Chan
509:
508:
507:
466:
465:
317:
316:
300:
299:
272:
271:
230:
208:
200:
192:
184:
154:Zen Buddhism
140:
82:(Wade Giles)
4500:1323 deaths
4495:1263 births
4262:Xinxin Ming
3928:Pan-lineage
3909:Omori Sogen
3857:Brad Warner
3816:Toni Packer
3694:Kōdō Sawaki
3576:Jogye Order
3571:Taego Order
3541:Korean Seon
3218:Korean Seon
3209:Muhō Noelke
3131:Kōdō Sawaki
3124:Modern Sōtō
3095:Soyen Shaku
2996:Shi Yinshun
2760:Dayi Daoxin
2745:Bodhidharma
2606:Heart Sūtra
2534:Korean Seon
2054:Baroni 2002
2006:Wright 2000
1994:Wright 2000
1982:Hakuin 2009
1917:Sasaki 1965
1559:Six Objects
1414:Musō Soseki
1304:Musō Soseki
1136:Lotus Sutra
957:Institution
904:Western Zen
689:Bodhidharma
635:Sōtō school
625:Taego Order
615:Jogye Order
580:Heze school
488:Lotus Sutra
295:One Vehicle
207:Vietnamese
4474:Categories
4340:Zen at War
4290:Shōbōgenzō
4215:Daitoku-ji
4210:Myōshin-ji
4131:Zen master
4077:Attendants
3610:Wu Yantong
3235:Seongcheol
3197:German Zen
2775:Mazu Daoyi
2750:Dazu Huike
2693:Shikantaza
2647:Five Ranks
2642:Shikantaza
2410:0195117492
2249:0195117492
2173:0823922405
2120:18 October
2056:, p.
1941:McRae 2003
1929:Foulk 2000
1875:Lauer 2002
1746:McRae 2003
1715:Lauer 2002
1684:Lauer 2002
1663:Lauer 2002
1615:References
1533:Shobogenzo
1247:kōan study
1187:Yuan court
1175:Mazu Daoyi
1106:Yuan China
1084:Wade–Giles
866:Seongcheol
570:Sanjiejiao
559:Traditions
443:Zen poetry
413:Samu (Zen)
377:Shikantaza
318:Background
312:Buddhahood
301:The "goal"
4453:Zen texts
4410:Masao Abe
4276:Denkoroku
4220:Tōfuku-ji
4084:Jikijitsu
3780:Joko Beck
3256:Pháp Hiền
3230:Seungsahn
3043:Hsuan Hua
3022:Sheng-yen
2986:Wei Chueh
2981:Cheng Yen
2976:Hsing Yun
2971:Sheng-yen
2637:Ten Bulls
2630:Teachings
2303:170819511
2110:"Chojuji"
2042:Chen 2010
1575:, or the
1444:Criticism
1277:Influence
1267:Pure Land
1261:Pure Land
1193:Teachings
1157:Monastery
1120:Biography
935:Seungsahn
930:Hsuan Hua
851:Taego Bou
802:Sheng-yen
682:Classical
351:Practices
339:Emptiness
227:Teachings
191:Japanese
4332:Critical
4269:Sandokai
4194:Antai-ji
4184:Eihei-ji
3699:Antai-ji
3605:Trúc Lâm
3460:Fuke-shū
3271:Pháp Loa
3261:Vạn Hạnh
3100:Sokei-an
3053:Chuanyin
2961:Yuanying
2717:Zazenkai
2681:Practice
2454:85262269
2094:Archived
1608:, Rinzai
1604:temple,
1425:Hakuin's
1407:Eigen-ji
1361:metaphor
1243:k'an-hua
1227:illusion
1198:Illusion
1094:Japanese
940:Sokei-an
600:Trúc Lâm
183:Chinese
141:a series
105:Students
60:Buddhism
56:Religion
35:Personal
4384:Tiantai
4240:Classic
4189:Sōji-ji
4170:Temples
4114:Teacher
3644:USA Zen
3465:Niō Zen
3048:Yicheng
3017:Dongchu
2991:Yicheng
2966:Benhuan
2800:Huineng
2765:Hongren
2731:Persons
2712:Sesshin
2575:Śūnyatā
2133:Sources
1589:kung-an
1513:Shun-ti
1385:, Tokyo
1355:China.
1333:gōng'àn
1326:gong-an
1314:Gong-an
1153:tonsure
1076:Chinese
1021:Shingon
1016:Tiantai
724:Huangbo
709:Shenhui
699:Shenxiu
694:Hongren
672:Persons
408:Hua Tou
387:Dhāraṇī
382:Sesshin
273:The way
237:No-mind
199:Korean
136:Part of
94:Teacher
4379:Huayan
4300:Modern
4121:Sensei
4098:Priest
4056:Novice
3619:Temple
3486:Rinzai
3240:Daewon
2662:Satori
2657:Kenshō
2468:
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1505:goroku
1434:satori
1401:, and
1349:gongfu
1298:(Jpn.
1127:layman
1086::
1078::
1026:Tendai
1011:Huayan
1006:Wéishí
1001:Sānlùn
861:Daewon
829:Bankei
819:Bassui
797:Xu Yun
744:Zongmi
438:Kyōgai
418:Ōryōki
397:Nianfo
262:Satori
257:Kenshō
66:School
4126:Rōshi
4089:Jisha
4063:Unsui
3491:Ōbaku
3455:Nōnin
3225:Jinul
3069:Dōgen
3038:Xuyun
3012:Xuyun
2951:Taixu
2946:Xuyun
2688:Zazen
2299:S2CID
2279:(PDF)
1520:Notes
1468:Works
856:Jinul
839:Dōgen
824:Ikkyū
814:Eisai
792:Taixu
357:Zazen
209:Thiền
70:Linji
4105:Oshō
3481:Sōtō
2722:Ango
2466:ISBN
2450:OCLC
2432:ISBN
2405:ISBN
2378:ISBN
2360:ISBN
2342:ISBN
2315:ISBN
2262:ISBN
2244:ISBN
2226:ISBN
2208:ISBN
2190:ISBN
2168:ISBN
2146:ISBN
2122:2012
1571:The
1436:and
1345:andu
1320:Kōan
1288:mofa
1231:real
1229:and
1208:Maya
1165:monk
1080:中峰明本
403:Koan
399:Chan
201:Seon
185:Chan
51:1323
48:Died
43:1263
40:Born
2524:Zen
2510:Zen
2291:doi
1440:".
1233:".
1159:on
1129:'s
1114:Zen
193:Zen
178:Zen
4476::
2297:,
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2285:,
2281:,
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2184:,
2166:,
2162:,
2058:54
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