51:
3554:
3565:
676:
963:
950:
3587:
632:
940:
690:) literally denotes "approaching or nearing the ascetic tradition." In more common parlance it specifically refers to the rite and ritual of ascetic vetting (ordination) by which a candidate, if deemed acceptable, enters the community as
762:) for most or all of their monastic careers. This difference may originate from the historical shortage of temples in East Asia able to provide higher ordination according to the
1704:
754:
tradition, monastics typically undertake higher ordination as soon as they are eligible. In East Asia, it is more typical for monastics to defer or avoid
701:), a person must be 20 years old in order to become a monk or nun. A person under the age of 20 years cannot undertake upasampadā (i.e., become a monk (
2619:
1094:
2623:
2847:
113:
1064:
1172:
907:
929:
3628:
3439:
2891:
3094:
1074:
1257:
1099:
3434:
3331:
2881:
976:
662:
108:
65:
1177:
895:
3424:
3109:
2854:
3657:
3501:
3491:
1320:
3446:
3099:
2901:
2792:
2737:
1310:
3647:
3416:
3114:
2797:
1089:
922:
591:
286:
2999:
2871:
2842:
2544:
536:
311:
271:
3621:
2690:
2599:
2069:
1714:
1227:
1122:
2234:
3539:
3019:
2495:
1981:
1104:
937:
728:
Traditionally, the upasampadā ritual is performed within a well-demarcated and consecrated area called
17:
2429:
3429:
3242:
3232:
3104:
2087:
1667:
1428:
1403:
411:
1453:
221:
3534:
2886:
2700:
2678:
2671:
2574:
2107:
1727:
1543:
1488:
1109:
915:
416:
366:
868:
3662:
3471:
3451:
2782:
2762:
2519:
2249:
1493:
738:) and needs to be attended by a specified number of monks: "ten or even five in a remoter area".
576:
3614:
3481:
3321:
2989:
2959:
2732:
2683:
2524:
2472:
2467:
2229:
2050:
1947:
1699:
1694:
1443:
655:
391:
376:
356:
281:
276:
191:
98:
1811:
3486:
3456:
3037:
2969:
2802:
2717:
2712:
2636:
2631:
2549:
1079:
596:
586:
541:
2102:
3509:
3476:
3461:
2979:
2876:
2822:
2707:
2646:
2614:
2609:
2594:
2579:
2569:
2534:
2447:
2139:
2062:
1365:
1305:
1054:
1021:
971:
606:
566:
561:
526:
371:
251:
159:
144:
88:
60:
3349:
1964:
1833:
1759:
1635:
1373:
8:
3602:
3316:
3195:
3029:
3004:
2994:
2954:
2931:
2814:
2787:
2747:
2666:
2656:
2584:
2511:
1942:
1799:
1580:
1558:
1510:
1330:
1130:
986:
966:
616:
571:
509:
449:
386:
331:
326:
81:
70:
1290:
1217:
3379:
3284:
3126:
3089:
3084:
3014:
2964:
2911:
2906:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2757:
2742:
2727:
2722:
2661:
2641:
2604:
2529:
2334:
2035:
1959:
1837:
1779:
1620:
1520:
1448:
1423:
1069:
999:
810:
601:
581:
521:
516:
404:
306:
299:
226:
216:
123:
3178:
3557:
3519:
3215:
3200:
3163:
3148:
2921:
2837:
2752:
2589:
2554:
2539:
2266:
2256:
1937:
1784:
1769:
1640:
1563:
1483:
1418:
1350:
1237:
994:
891:
648:
546:
531:
336:
211:
154:
118:
103:
34:
2501:
1295:
1195:
804:
3205:
3158:
3153:
3009:
2974:
2949:
2944:
2695:
2651:
2564:
2239:
1895:
1888:
1672:
1662:
1548:
1212:
1084:
611:
556:
486:
476:
341:
2284:
3652:
3569:
3514:
3466:
3394:
3264:
3062:
3042:
2984:
2896:
2559:
2457:
2304:
2040:
2023:
2008:
1986:
1538:
1408:
1242:
1222:
793:
730:
725:). After a year or at the age of 20, a novice will be considered for upasampadā.
636:
551:
351:
261:
206:
2314:
1468:
1458:
201:
3598:
3524:
3227:
3077:
2859:
2439:
2419:
2339:
2028:
2018:
1952:
1789:
1275:
1138:
857:
846:
830:
496:
426:
381:
239:
3641:
3294:
3143:
2452:
2354:
2212:
2013:
1991:
1927:
1598:
1393:
1388:
1280:
949:
787:
321:
316:
256:
1752:
1742:
1114:
461:
266:
3384:
3369:
3339:
3289:
3279:
3121:
2916:
2409:
2244:
2122:
1910:
1905:
1732:
1603:
1478:
939:
361:
246:
164:
50:
2167:
2152:
2112:
1809:
1473:
1049:
3354:
3183:
2324:
2309:
2092:
1900:
1828:
1608:
1438:
1340:
1187:
1059:
778:: "going forth," novice ordination, entering the condition of mendicancy.
431:
3344:
1804:
775:
3299:
3257:
3133:
2939:
2864:
2478:
2462:
2424:
2404:
2299:
2274:
2182:
2117:
2097:
1843:
1774:
1645:
1528:
1498:
1433:
1383:
1041:
1031:
1004:
845:(2007). Retrieved 26 Sept 2007 from "Encyclopædia Britannica Online";
436:
196:
93:
2319:
1315:
675:
3274:
3247:
2414:
2289:
2001:
1917:
1794:
1684:
1657:
1650:
1613:
1570:
1533:
1300:
1265:
1232:
1207:
1162:
871:. Peter Skilling interviewed by Phillip Adams. Online audio recording
751:
709:
481:
456:
3047:
1883:
1737:
1503:
1285:
1154:
1146:
3594:
3564:
3404:
3359:
3304:
3269:
3173:
2832:
2399:
2394:
2344:
2279:
2197:
2162:
2157:
1818:
1689:
1677:
1588:
1247:
944:
890:. Vol. 2. New York: MacMillan Reference USA. pp. 556–60.
798:
759:
721:
715:
491:
471:
466:
346:
42:
2389:
2379:
2364:
2187:
2057:
1325:
3309:
3252:
3237:
2384:
2374:
2349:
2224:
2219:
2177:
2147:
2079:
2045:
1932:
1873:
1868:
1722:
1625:
1463:
1413:
1200:
1026:
781:
703:
171:
1996:
1764:
3586:
3389:
3374:
3210:
3072:
3052:
2827:
2489:
2369:
2359:
2294:
1922:
1878:
1863:
1853:
1823:
1747:
1630:
1398:
1270:
1014:
1009:
763:
698:
631:
186:
181:
176:
139:
3529:
3364:
3222:
3188:
3168:
3138:
3067:
2484:
2329:
2207:
2202:
2172:
2127:
1974:
1969:
1848:
1553:
1378:
1345:
1335:
421:
3399:
2192:
1858:
1355:
687:
3057:
1593:
694:(ordained) and is authorised to undertake ascetic life.
869:
Peter
Skilling, How Buddhism invented Asia, 2 April 2009
886:Samuels, Jeffery (2004). "Buddhist Monasticism".
3639:
831:The Pali Text Society's Pali-English dictionary
801:: Sima boundary stones in Thai Buddhist temples
833:. Chipstead, London: Pali Text Society p. 147.
829:Rhys Davids, T.W. Stede, William (1921–1925).
3622:
923:
784:: Novitiation ceremony for young Burmese boys
656:
1705:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
3629:
3615:
930:
916:
790:: Novitiation ceremony for young Shan boys
663:
649:
750:vary between regional traditions. In the
758:ordination entirely, remaining novices (
674:
2892:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
885:
14:
3640:
3095:List of Buddhist architecture in China
741:
697:According to Buddhist monastic codes (
679:Upasampadā of a Buddhist monk in Burma
911:
881:
879:
877:
3581:
807:: Basic code of monastic discipline
27:Buddhist higher ordination ceremony
24:
2882:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
888:MacMillan Encyclopedia of Buddhism
874:
114:Decline in the Indian subcontinent
109:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
25:
3674:
3585:
3563:
3553:
3552:
3110:Thai temple art and architecture
2855:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
1095:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
961:
948:
938:
713:)), but can become a novice (m.
630:
49:
962:
858:Encyclopædia Britannica (2007).
3100:Japanese Buddhist architecture
2902:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
1982:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
1173:Places where the Buddha stayed
862:
851:
836:
823:
13:
1:
3115:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
3601:. You can help Knowledge by
2872:Buddhism and the Roman world
2848:Decline of Buddhism in India
2843:History of Buddhism in India
943: Topics in
312:Buddhist Paths to liberation
7:
2070:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
1810:
769:
10:
3679:
3580:
3020:The unanswerable questions
3548:
3500:
3415:
3330:
3105:Buddhist temples in Korea
3028:
2930:
2813:
2510:
2438:
2265:
2138:
2078:
1713:
1668:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
1579:
1571:Three planes of existence
1519:
1364:
1256:
1186:
1178:Buddha in world religions
1040:
985:
957:
2887:Persecution of Buddhists
2108:Four stages of awakening
1489:Three marks of existence
1075:Physical characteristics
816:
2250:Ten principal disciples
1133:(aunt, adoptive mother)
843:Encyclopædia Britannica
332:Philosophical reasoning
3658:Pali words and phrases
3597:-related article is a
2960:Buddhism and democracy
2473:Tibetan Buddhist canon
2468:Chinese Buddhist canon
1700:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
1695:Early Buddhist schools
680:
99:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
2970:Eight Consciousnesses
1080:Life of Buddha in art
678:
367:Aids to Enlightenment
192:Dependent Origination
3648:Buddhist monasticism
3447:East Asian religions
2877:Buddhism in the West
2448:Early Buddhist texts
2063:Four Right Exertions
1529:Ten spiritual realms
1022:Noble Eightfold Path
337:Devotional practices
160:Noble Eightfold Path
3570:Religion portal
3317:Temple of the Tooth
3196:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
2235:Upāsaka and Upāsikā
1728:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
1511:Two truths doctrine
1331:Mahapajapati Gotamī
1131:Mahapajapati Gotamī
742:Regional variations
637:Buddhism portal
510:Buddhism by country
272:Sanskrit literature
3492:Western philosophy
3090:Dzong architecture
2912:Vipassana movement
2907:Buddhist modernism
2335:Emperor Wen of Sui
2103:Pratyekabuddhayāna
2036:Threefold Training
1838:Vipassana movement
1554:Hungry Ghost realm
1374:Avidyā (Ignorance)
1321:Puṇṇa Mantānīputta
1070:Great Renunciation
1065:Eight Great Events
947:
811:Refuge in Buddhism
746:Customs regarding
681:
124:Buddhist modernism
3610:
3609:
3578:
3577:
3216:Om mani padme hum
2922:Women in Buddhism
2838:Buddhist councils
2708:Western countries
2496:Madhyamakālaṃkāra
2257:Shaolin Monastery
1834:Samatha-vipassanā
1444:Pratītyasamutpāda
1248:Metteyya/Maitreya
1166:
1158:
1150:
1142:
1134:
1126:
1118:
995:Four Noble Truths
673:
672:
155:Four Noble Truths
16:(Redirected from
3670:
3631:
3624:
3617:
3589:
3582:
3568:
3567:
3556:
3555:
3395:Sacred languages
3243:Maya Devi Temple
3206:Mahabodhi Temple
3010:Secular Buddhism
2975:Engaged Buddhism
1815:
1663:Tibetan Buddhism
1614:Vietnamese Thiền
1213:Mahāsthāmaprāpta
1164:
1156:
1148:
1140:
1132:
1124:
1116:
965:
964:
952:
942:
932:
925:
918:
909:
908:
902:
901:
883:
872:
866:
860:
855:
849:
840:
834:
827:
665:
658:
651:
635:
634:
362:Sublime abidings
53:
30:
29:
21:
3678:
3677:
3673:
3672:
3671:
3669:
3668:
3667:
3638:
3637:
3636:
3635:
3579:
3574:
3562:
3544:
3496:
3411:
3326:
3063:Ordination hall
3024:
2926:
2897:Buddhist crisis
2809:
2506:
2458:Mahayana sutras
2434:
2430:Thích Nhất Hạnh
2261:
2134:
2074:
2024:Bodhisattva vow
1709:
1575:
1515:
1474:Taṇhā (Craving)
1409:Five hindrances
1360:
1252:
1182:
1036:
981:
953:
936:
906:
905:
898:
884:
875:
867:
863:
856:
852:
841:
837:
828:
824:
819:
794:Ordination hall
772:
744:
669:
629:
622:
621:
512:
502:
501:
452:
442:
441:
407:
397:
396:
302:
292:
291:
262:Mahayana Sutras
242:
232:
231:
172:Five Aggregates
150:
149:
129:
128:
119:Later Buddhists
84:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3676:
3666:
3665:
3663:Buddhism stubs
3660:
3655:
3650:
3634:
3633:
3626:
3619:
3611:
3608:
3607:
3590:
3576:
3575:
3573:
3572:
3560:
3549:
3546:
3545:
3543:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3506:
3504:
3498:
3497:
3495:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3443:
3442:
3437:
3427:
3421:
3419:
3413:
3412:
3410:
3409:
3408:
3407:
3402:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3336:
3334:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3313:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3261:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3219:
3218:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3192:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3130:
3129:
3127:Greco-Buddhist
3119:
3118:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3081:
3080:
3078:Burmese pagoda
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3034:
3032:
3026:
3025:
3023:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2936:
2934:
2928:
2927:
2925:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2868:
2867:
2860:Greco-Buddhism
2857:
2852:
2851:
2850:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2819:
2817:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2807:
2806:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2793:United Kingdom
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2738:Czech Republic
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2705:
2704:
2703:
2698:
2688:
2687:
2686:
2676:
2675:
2674:
2669:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2628:
2627:
2617:
2612:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2516:
2514:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2502:Abhidharmadīpa
2499:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2444:
2442:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2420:B. R. Ambedkar
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2340:Songtsen Gampo
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2271:
2269:
2263:
2262:
2260:
2259:
2254:
2253:
2252:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2216:
2215:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2144:
2142:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2132:
2131:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2084:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2066:
2065:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2033:
2032:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2019:Eight precepts
2016:
2006:
2005:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1908:
1898:
1893:
1892:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1807:
1797:
1792:
1790:Five Strengths
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1756:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1730:
1725:
1719:
1717:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1681:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1655:
1654:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1617:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1585:
1583:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1573:
1568:
1567:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1531:
1525:
1523:
1517:
1516:
1514:
1513:
1508:
1507:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1429:Mental factors
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1370:
1368:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1281:Mahamoggallāna
1278:
1273:
1268:
1262:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1204:
1203:
1196:Avalokiteśvara
1192:
1190:
1184:
1183:
1181:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1169:
1168:
1160:
1152:
1144:
1136:
1128:
1120:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1046:
1044:
1038:
1037:
1035:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1012:
1007:
997:
991:
989:
983:
982:
980:
979:
974:
969:
958:
955:
954:
935:
934:
927:
920:
912:
904:
903:
896:
873:
861:
850:
835:
821:
820:
818:
815:
814:
813:
808:
802:
796:
791:
785:
779:
771:
768:
743:
740:
671:
670:
668:
667:
660:
653:
645:
642:
641:
640:
639:
624:
623:
620:
619:
614:
609:
604:
599:
594:
589:
584:
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
529:
524:
519:
513:
508:
507:
504:
503:
500:
499:
494:
489:
484:
479:
474:
469:
464:
459:
453:
448:
447:
444:
443:
440:
439:
434:
429:
427:Pratyekabuddha
424:
419:
414:
408:
403:
402:
399:
398:
395:
394:
389:
384:
382:Buddhist chant
379:
374:
369:
364:
359:
354:
349:
344:
339:
334:
329:
324:
319:
314:
309:
303:
298:
297:
294:
293:
290:
289:
284:
279:
274:
269:
264:
259:
254:
249:
243:
240:Buddhist texts
238:
237:
234:
233:
230:
229:
224:
219:
214:
209:
204:
199:
194:
189:
184:
179:
174:
169:
168:
167:
157:
151:
148:
147:
142:
136:
135:
134:
131:
130:
127:
126:
121:
116:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
85:
80:
79:
76:
75:
74:
73:
68:
63:
55:
54:
46:
45:
39:
38:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3675:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3643:
3632:
3627:
3625:
3620:
3618:
3613:
3612:
3606:
3604:
3600:
3596:
3591:
3588:
3584:
3583:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3559:
3551:
3550:
3547:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3507:
3505:
3503:
3499:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3418:
3414:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3397:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3337:
3335:
3333:
3332:Miscellaneous
3329:
3323:
3322:Vegetarianism
3320:
3318:
3315:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3287:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3235:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3217:
3214:
3213:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3166:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3144:Buddha in art
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3128:
3125:
3124:
3123:
3120:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3079:
3076:
3075:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3040:
3039:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3031:
3027:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2933:
2929:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2866:
2863:
2862:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2849:
2846:
2845:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2818:
2816:
2812:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2798:United States
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2710:
2709:
2706:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2692:
2689:
2685:
2682:
2681:
2680:
2677:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2664:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2625:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2497:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2441:
2437:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2355:Padmasambhava
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2267:Major figures
2264:
2258:
2255:
2251:
2248:
2247:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2214:
2213:Western tulku
2211:
2210:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2145:
2143:
2141:
2137:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2110:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2077:
2071:
2068:
2064:
2061:
2060:
2059:
2056:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2037:
2034:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2014:Five precepts
2012:
2011:
2010:
2007:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1992:Dhamma vicaya
1990:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1983:
1980:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1903:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1802:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1760:Buddhābhiṣeka
1758:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1712:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1660:
1659:
1656:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1595:
1592:
1591:
1590:
1587:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1578:
1572:
1569:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1536:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1518:
1512:
1509:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1404:Enlightenment
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1394:Dhamma theory
1392:
1390:
1389:Buddha-nature
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1363:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1255:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1228:Samantabhadra
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1189:
1185:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1167:
1161:
1159:
1153:
1151:
1145:
1143:
1137:
1135:
1129:
1127:
1121:
1119:
1113:
1112:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1045:
1043:
1039:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1002:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
992:
990:
988:
984:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
960:
959:
956:
951:
946:
941:
933:
928:
926:
921:
919:
914:
913:
910:
899:
897:0-02-865719-5
893:
889:
882:
880:
878:
870:
865:
859:
854:
848:
844:
839:
832:
826:
822:
812:
809:
806:
803:
800:
797:
795:
792:
789:
788:Poy Sang Long
786:
783:
780:
777:
774:
773:
767:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
739:
737:
733:
732:
726:
724:
723:
718:
717:
712:
711:
706:
705:
700:
695:
693:
689:
685:
677:
666:
661:
659:
654:
652:
647:
646:
644:
643:
638:
633:
628:
627:
626:
625:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
593:
590:
588:
585:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
514:
511:
506:
505:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
458:
455:
454:
451:
446:
445:
438:
435:
433:
430:
428:
425:
423:
420:
418:
415:
413:
410:
409:
406:
401:
400:
393:
392:Vegetarianism
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
347:Recollections
345:
343:
340:
338:
335:
333:
330:
328:
325:
323:
320:
318:
317:Five precepts
315:
313:
310:
308:
305:
304:
301:
296:
295:
288:
285:
283:
282:Chinese canon
280:
278:
277:Tibetan canon
275:
273:
270:
268:
265:
263:
260:
258:
255:
253:
250:
248:
245:
244:
241:
236:
235:
228:
225:
223:
220:
218:
215:
213:
210:
208:
205:
203:
200:
198:
195:
193:
190:
188:
185:
183:
180:
178:
175:
173:
170:
166:
163:
162:
161:
158:
156:
153:
152:
146:
143:
141:
138:
137:
133:
132:
125:
122:
120:
117:
115:
112:
110:
107:
105:
102:
100:
97:
95:
92:
90:
87:
86:
83:
78:
77:
72:
69:
67:
64:
62:
59:
58:
57:
56:
52:
48:
47:
44:
41:
40:
36:
32:
31:
19:
3603:expanding it
3592:
3510:Bodhisattvas
3430:Christianity
3425:Baháʼí Faith
3290:Dharmachakra
3280:Prayer wheel
3270:Prayer beads
3038:Architecture
2917:969 Movement
2701:Saudi Arabia
2679:Central Asia
2672:South Africa
2494:
2477:
2410:Panchen Lama
2315:Buddhapālita
1911:Satipatthana
1906:Mindful Yoga
1819:Recollection
1733:Brahmavihara
1604:Japanese Zen
1599:Chinese Chan
1559:Animal realm
1366:Key concepts
1188:Bodhisattvas
1000:Three Jewels
887:
864:
853:
847:"Upasampadā"
842:
838:
825:
755:
747:
745:
735:
729:
727:
720:
714:
708:
702:
696:
691:
683:
682:
342:Merit making
307:Three Jewels
247:Buddhavacana
177:Impermanence
165:Dharma wheel
3355:Dharma talk
3184:Asalha Puja
2980:Eschatology
2783:Switzerland
2763:New Zealand
2691:Middle East
2600:Philippines
2520:Afghanistan
2325:Bodhidharma
2310:Buddhaghosa
2230:Householder
2140:Monasticism
2093:Bodhisattva
1948:Prostration
1901:Mindfulness
1829:Anapanasati
1812:Kammaṭṭhāna
1609:Korean Seon
1549:Asura realm
1544:Human realm
1484:Ten Fetters
1439:Parinirvana
1341:Uppalavanna
1306:Mahākaccana
1291:Mahākassapa
1223:Kṣitigarbha
1218:Ākāśagarbha
1115:Suddhodāna
1060:Four sights
987:Foundations
736:sima malaka
692:upasampadān
577:New Zealand
432:Bodhisattva
417:Four Stages
372:Monasticism
352:Mindfulness
322:Perfections
252:Early Texts
3642:Categories
3472:Psychology
3452:Gnosticism
3440:Comparison
3435:Influences
3417:Comparison
3300:Bhavacakra
3258:Kushinagar
3233:Pilgrimage
3179:Māgha Pūjā
3134:Bodhi Tree
2950:Buddhology
2940:Abhidharma
2932:Philosophy
2865:Menander I
2733:Costa Rica
2684:Uzbekistan
2525:Bangladesh
2479:Dhammapada
2463:Pali Canon
2425:Ajahn Chah
2405:Dalai Lama
2305:Kumārajīva
2300:Vasubandhu
2275:The Buddha
2183:Zen master
2118:Sakadagami
2098:Buddhahood
2029:Pratimokṣa
1844:Shikantaza
1800:Meditation
1775:Deity yoga
1646:Madhyamaka
1539:Deva realm
1434:Mindstream
1384:Bodhicitta
1296:Aṅgulimāla
1163:Devadatta
1139:Yaśodharā
1042:The Buddha
1032:Middle Way
805:Pāṭimokkha
756:upasampada
748:upasampada
707:) or nun (
684:Upasampadā
450:Traditions
387:Pilgrimage
327:Meditation
287:Post-canon
267:Pāli Canon
197:Middle Way
94:The Buddha
18:Upasampada
3540:Festivals
3520:Buddhists
3482:Theosophy
3285:Symbolism
3275:Hama yumi
3248:Bodh Gaya
3015:Socialism
2990:Evolution
2965:Economics
2803:Venezuela
2718:Australia
2713:Argentina
2637:Sri Lanka
2632:Singapore
2550:Indonesia
2512:Countries
2453:Tripiṭaka
2415:Ajahn Mun
2290:Nagarjuna
2285:Aśvaghoṣa
2168:Anagārika
2163:Śrāmaṇerī
2158:Śrāmaṇera
2153:Bhikkhunī
2113:Sotāpanna
2002:Passaddhi
1943:Offerings
1918:Nekkhamma
1795:Iddhipada
1715:Practices
1685:Theravada
1658:Vajrayana
1651:Yogachara
1621:Pure Land
1534:Six Paths
1521:Cosmology
1301:Anuruddha
1276:Sāriputta
1266:Kaundinya
1258:Disciples
1233:Vajrapāṇi
1085:Footprint
1050:Tathāgata
752:Theravada
710:bhikkhuni
597:Sri Lanka
587:Singapore
542:Indonesia
482:Vajrayāna
457:Theravāda
412:Awakening
300:Practices
257:Tripiṭaka
227:Cosmology
202:Emptiness
182:Suffering
3595:Buddhism
3558:Category
3487:Violence
3457:Hinduism
3405:Sanskrit
3360:Hinayana
3345:Amitābha
3305:Swastika
3174:Uposatha
3164:Holidays
3149:Calendar
2995:Humanism
2833:Kanishka
2823:Timeline
2647:Thailand
2615:Kalmykia
2610:Buryatia
2595:Pakistan
2580:Mongolia
2575:Maldives
2570:Malaysia
2535:Cambodia
2400:Shamarpa
2395:Nichiren
2345:Xuanzang
2280:Nagasena
2198:Rinpoche
1928:Pāramitā
1770:Devotion
1690:Navayana
1678:Dzogchen
1641:Nichiren
1589:Mahayana
1581:Branches
1459:Saṅkhāra
1208:Mañjuśrī
1165:(cousin)
1157:(cousin)
1125:(mother)
1117:(father)
1105:Miracles
1055:Birthday
972:Glossary
945:Buddhism
799:Bai Sema
776:Pabbajjā
770:See also
760:samanera
722:samaneri
716:samanera
607:Thailand
567:Mongolia
562:Malaysia
527:Cambodia
492:Navayana
472:Hinayana
467:Mahāyāna
377:Lay life
207:Morality
187:Not-self
145:Concepts
104:Councils
89:Timeline
61:Glossary
43:Buddhism
35:a series
33:Part of
3535:Temples
3515:Buddhas
3477:Science
3467:Judaism
3462:Jainism
3380:Lineage
3340:Abhijñā
3310:Thangka
3253:Sarnath
3238:Lumbini
3159:Funeral
3154:Cuisine
3030:Culture
3005:Reality
2955:Creator
2945:Atomism
2815:History
2788:Ukraine
2748:Germany
2667:Senegal
2657:Vietnam
2585:Myanmar
2385:Shinran
2375:Karmapa
2350:Shandao
2320:Dignāga
2245:Śrāvaka
2225:Donchee
2220:Kappiya
2178:Sayadaw
2148:Bhikkhu
2123:Anāgāmi
2080:Nirvana
2046:Samadhi
1933:Paritta
1874:Tonglen
1869:Mandala
1824:Smarana
1805:Mantras
1753:Upekkha
1723:Bhavana
1673:Shingon
1626:Tiantai
1479:Tathātā
1469:Śūnyatā
1464:Skandha
1454:Saṃsāra
1449:Rebirth
1424:Kleshas
1414:Indriya
1316:Subhūti
1201:Guanyin
1155:Ānanda
1147:Rāhula
1027:Nirvana
967:Outline
782:Shinbyu
704:bhikkhu
617:Vietnam
572:Myanmar
487:Tibetan
477:Chinese
405:Nirvāṇa
222:Saṃsāra
217:Rebirth
82:History
71:Outline
3653:Vinaya
3530:Sutras
3525:Suttas
3390:Siddhi
3375:Koliya
3350:Brahmā
3265:Poetry
3211:Mantra
3201:Kasaya
3073:Pagoda
3053:Kyaung
3048:Vihāra
3043:Temple
2985:Ethics
2828:Ashoka
2778:Sweden
2773:Poland
2768:Norway
2758:Mexico
2743:France
2728:Canada
2723:Brazil
2662:Africa
2642:Taiwan
2605:Russia
2530:Bhutan
2490:Vinaya
2370:Naropa
2360:Saraha
2295:Asanga
2051:Prajñā
1960:Refuge
1923:Nianfo
1884:Tertön
1879:Tantra
1864:Ganana
1854:Tukdam
1780:Dhyāna
1748:Mudita
1743:Karuṇā
1636:Risshū
1631:Huayan
1564:Naraka
1504:Anattā
1499:Dukkha
1494:Anicca
1399:Dharma
1351:Channa
1286:Ānanda
1271:Assaji
1238:Skanda
1141:(wife)
1110:Family
1090:Relics
1015:Sangha
1010:Dharma
1005:Buddha
894:
764:Vinaya
699:Vinaya
602:Taiwan
582:Russia
522:Brazil
517:Bhutan
437:Buddha
357:Wisdom
140:Dharma
3593:This
3502:Lists
3370:Kalpa
3365:Iddhi
3228:Music
3223:Mudra
3189:Vassa
3169:Vesak
3139:Budai
3085:Candi
3068:Stupa
3000:Logic
2753:Italy
2652:Tibet
2590:Nepal
2560:Korea
2555:Japan
2545:India
2540:China
2485:Sutra
2440:Texts
2390:Dōgen
2380:Hōnen
2365:Atiśa
2330:Zhiyi
2240:Achar
2208:Tulku
2203:Geshe
2188:Rōshi
2173:Ajahn
2128:Arhat
2088:Bodhi
2058:Vīrya
1975:Sacca
1970:Satya
1965:Sādhu
1953:Music
1896:Merit
1889:Terma
1849:Zazen
1785:Faith
1738:Mettā
1419:Karma
1379:Bardo
1346:Asita
1336:Khema
1326:Upāli
1311:Nanda
1149:(son)
1123:Māyā
1100:Films
977:Index
817:Notes
719:, f.
612:Tibet
552:Korea
547:Japan
537:India
532:China
497:Newar
422:Arhat
212:Karma
66:Index
3599:stub
3400:Pāḷi
3385:Māra
3295:Flag
2696:Iran
2620:Tuva
2565:Laos
2193:Lama
2041:Śīla
2009:Śīla
1997:Pīti
1987:Sati
1938:Puja
1859:Koan
1765:Dāna
1356:Yasa
1243:Tārā
892:ISBN
731:sima
688:Pali
557:Laos
462:Pāli
3122:Art
3058:Wat
1594:Zen
3644::
2624:ru
876:^
766:.
592:US
37:on
3630:e
3623:t
3616:v
3605:.
2626:)
2622:(
1840:)
1836:(
931:e
924:t
917:v
900:.
734:(
686:(
664:e
657:t
650:v
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.