English people - Knowledge

5254:(2000): " ... immigration in the nucleus of the Anglo-Saxon settlement does not seem aptly described in terms of the 'elite-dominance model.' To all appearances, the settlement was carried out by small, agriculture-oriented kinship groups. This process corresponds more closely to a classic settler model. The absence of early evidence of a socially demarcated elite underscores the supposition that such an elite did not play a substantial role. Rich burials such as are well known from Denmark have no counterparts in England until the 6th century. At best, the elite-dominance model might apply in the peripheral areas of the settlement territory, where an immigration predominantly comprised of men and the existence of hybrid cultural forms might support it." 2943: 1423:

migration and population shift seems to be most applicable in the cases of eastern regions such as East Anglia and Lincolnshire, while in parts of Northumbria, much of the native population likely remained in place as the incomers took over as elites. In a study of place names in northeastern England and southern Scotland, Bethany Fox found that the migrants settled in large numbers in river valleys, such as those of the Tyne and the Tweed, with the Britons moving to the less fertile hill country and becoming acculturated over a longer period. Fox describes the process by which English came to dominate this region as "a synthesis of mass-migration and elite-takeover models."

2126: 2474: 2639: 1982:, however, found that 61 per cent would support such a parliament being established. Krishan Kumar notes that support for measures to ensure that only English MPs can vote on legislation that applies only to England is generally higher than that for the establishment of an English parliament, although support for both varies depending on the timing of the opinion poll and the wording of the question. Electoral support for English nationalist parties is also low, even though there is public support for many of the policies they espouse. The 458: 1243: 2524: 1377: 1677: 1442: 1331: 2356: 2281:, with the English being the dominant group. Among the leading ancestries, increases in Australian, Irish and German ancestries and decreases in English, Scottish and Welsh ancestries appear to reflect such shifts in perception or reporting. These reporting shifts at least partly resulted from changes in the design of the census question, in particular the introduction of a tick box format in 2001. English Australians have more often come from the 1593: 2240:, 'English' was the most common ethnic origin (ethnic origin refers to the ethnic or cultural group(s) to which the respondent's ancestors belong) recorded by respondents; 6,320,085 people or 18.3% of the population self-identified themselves as wholly or partly English. On the other hand, people identifying as Canadian but not English may have previously identified as English before the option of identifying as Canadian was available. 2882: 7987: 3155: 853: 2820: 307: 2255: 1414:

to Anglo-Saxonisation have been proposed. One is similar to culture changes observed in Russia, North Africa and parts of the Islamic world, where a politically and socially powerful minority culture becomes, over a rather short period, adopted by a settled majority. This process is usually termed "elite dominance". The second process is explained through incentives, such as the

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earlier settlement of the Anglo-Saxons, it was calculated that up to 6% of it could have come from Danish Vikings, with a further 4% contribution from a Norwegian-like source representing the Norwegian Vikings. The study also found an average 18% admixture from a source further south in Europe, which was interpreted as reflecting the legacy of French migration under the Normans.

1097:". Kumar suggests that although this blurring is a sign of England's dominant position with the UK, it is also "problematic for the English when it comes to conceiving of their national identity. It tells of the difficulty that most English people have of distinguishing themselves, in a collective way, from the other inhabitants of the British Isles". 3867:; Hunter-Mann, Kurt; Montgomery, Janet; Müldner, Gundula; McLaughlin, Russell L.; Teasdale, Matthew D.; Van Rheenen, Wouter; Veldink, Jan H.; Van Den Berg, L. H.; Hardiman, Orla; Carroll, Maureen; Roskams, Steve; Oxley, John; Morgan, Colleen; Thomas, Mark G.; Barnes, Ian; McDonnell, Christine; Collins, Matthew J.; Bradley, Daniel G. (19 January 2016). 6590: 1419:

aristocracy, in some cases marrying into it and leaving Celtic names in the, admittedly very dubious, early lists of Anglo-Saxon dynasties. But how we identify the surviving Britons in areas of predominantly Anglo-Saxon settlement, either archaeologically or linguistically, is still one of the deepest problems of early English history."

1373:, in Cumbria: a 4th-century inscription says that the Roman military unit "Numerus Maurorum Aurelianorum" ("unit of Aurelian Moors") from Mauretania (Morocco) was stationed there. Although the Roman Empire incorporated peoples from far and wide, genetic studies suggest the Romans did not significantly mix into the British population. 2100:

of birth, revealing that 8.1% of Scotland's population, 3.7% of the population of Northern Ireland and 20% of the Welsh population were born in England. Similarly, the census of the Republic of Ireland does not collect information on ethnicity, but it does record that there are over 200,000 people living in Ireland who were born in

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to those from the Iron Age and Roman burials, while samples from much of modern England, East Anglia in particular, were closer to the Anglo-Saxon-era burial. This was found to demonstrate a "profound impact" from the Anglo-Saxon migrations on the modern English gene pool, though no specific percentages were given in the study.

4330: 2520:, whether or not they have been baptised in the church. Actual attendance has declined steadily since 1890, with around one million, or 10% of the baptised population attending Sunday services on a regular basis (defined as once a month or more) and three million -roughly 15%- joining Christmas Eve and Christmas services. 5234: 2516:. In 2010, the Church of England counted 25 million baptised members out of the 41 million Christians in Great Britain's population of about 60 million; around the same time, it also claimed to baptise one in eight newborn children. Generally, anyone in England may marry or be buried at their local 3559: 1930:. In policy areas for which the devolved administrations in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have responsibility, the UK Parliament votes on laws that consequently only apply to England. Because the Westminster Parliament is composed of MPs from throughout the United Kingdom, this has given rise to the " 1990:, accounting for 0.3 per cent of all votes cast in England. Kumar argued in 2010 that "despite devolution and occasional bursts of English nationalism – more an expression of exasperation with the Scots or Northern Irish – the English remain on the whole satisfied with current constitutional arrangements". 2299:, 7.8 million or 36.1% of the population identified as "English" or a combination including English, a numerical increase from 7.2 million over the 2011 census figure. The census also documented 907,572 residents or 3.9% of Australia as being born in England, and are the largest overseas-born population. 1889:

was encouraged due to labour shortages during post World War II rebuilding. However, these groups are often still considered to be ethnic minorities and research has shown that black and Asian people in the UK are more likely to identify as British rather than with one of the state's four constituent

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elite almost universally replaced the Anglo-Saxon aristocracy and church leaders. After the conquest, "English" normally included all natives of England, whether they were of Anglo-Saxon, Scandinavian or Celtic ancestry, to distinguish them from the Norman invaders, who were regarded as "Norman" even

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This view was later re-evaluated by some archaeologists and historians, with a more small-scale migration being posited, possibly based around an elite of male warriors that took over the rule of the country and gradually acculturated the people living there. Within this theory, two processes leading

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Another 2016 study conducted using evidence from burials found in northern England, found that a significant genetic difference was present in bodies from the Iron Age and the Roman period on the one hand, and the Anglo-Saxon period on the other. Samples from modern-day Wales were found to be similar

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One 2016 study, using Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon era DNA found at grave sites in Cambridgeshire, calculated that ten modern day eastern English samples had 38% Anglo-Saxon ancestry on average, while ten Welsh and Scottish samples each had 30% Anglo-Saxon ancestry, with a large statistical spread in all

2099:

From the earliest times, English people have left England to settle in other parts of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It is impossible to identify their numbers, as British censuses have historically not invited respondents to identify themselves as English. However, the census does record place

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Recent surveys of public opinion on the establishment of an English parliament have given widely varying conclusions. In the first five years of devolution for Scotland and Wales, support in England for the establishment of an English parliament was low at between 16 and 19%, according to successive

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and Richard Hayton, meanwhile, argue that the resurgence in English nationalism predates devolution, being observable in the early 1990s, but that this resurgence does not necessarily have negative implications for the perception of the UK as a political union. Others question whether devolution has

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Throughout the history of the UK, the English have been dominant in population and in political weight. As a consequence, notions of 'Englishness' and 'Britishness' are often very similar. At the same time, after the Union of 1707, the English, along with the other peoples of the British Isles, have

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However, Alfred's successors subsequently won military victories against the Danes, incorporating much of the Danelaw into the nascent kingdom of England. Danish invasions continued into the 11th century, and there were both English and Danish kings in the period following the unification of England

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The influence of later invasions and migrations on the English population has been debated, as studies that sampled only modern DNA have produced uncertain results and have thus been subject to a large variety of interpretations. More recently, however, ancient DNA has been used to provide a clearer

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The 2011 England and Wales census reports that in England and Wales 32.4 million people associated themselves with an English identity alone and 37.6 million identified themselves with an English identity either on its own or combined with other identities, being 57.7% and 67.1% respectively of the

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A nationally representative survey published in June 2021 found that a majority of respondents thought that being English was not dependent on race. 77% of white respondents in England agreed that "Being English is open to people of different ethnic backgrounds who identify as English", whereas 14%

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Since the Port of Valparaíso opened its coasts to free trade in 1811, the English began to congregate in Valparaíso. The English eventually numbered more than 32,000 during the port of Valparaíso's boom period during the saltpeter bonanza at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries.

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English ancestry is the largest single ancestry New Zealanders share. Several million New Zealanders are estimated to have some English ancestry From 1840, the English comprised the largest single group among New Zealand's overseas-born, consistently being over 50 percent of the total population.

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An emerging view is that the degree of population replacement by the Anglo-Saxons, and thus the degree of survival of the Romano-Britons, varied across England, and that as such the overall settlement of Britain by the Anglo-Saxons cannot be described by any one process in particular. Large-scale

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A major 2020 study, which used DNA from Viking-era burials in various regions across Europe, found that modern English samples showed nearly equal contributions from a native British "North Atlantic" population and a Danish-like population. While much of the latter signature was attributed to the

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A third study combined the ancient data from both of the preceding studies and compared it to a large number of modern samples from across Britain and Ireland. This study found that modern southern, central and eastern English populations were of "a predominantly Anglo-Saxon-like ancestry" while

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Leslie, Stephen; Winney, Bruce; Hellenthal, Garrett; Davison, Dan; Boumertit, Abdelhamid; Day, Tammy; Hutnik, Katarzyna; Royrvik, Ellen C.; Cunliffe, Barry; Lawson, Daniel J.; Falush, Daniel; Freeman, Colin; Pirinen, Matti; Myers, Simon; Robinson, Mark; Donnelly, Peter; Bodmer, Walter (19 March

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was an emerging nation and the settlers were welcomed for the stability they brought to commercial life. As the 19th century progressed, more English families arrived, and many bought land to develop the potential of the Argentine pampas for the large-scale growing of crops. The English founded

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of English heritage are often seen, and identify, as simply "American" due to the many historic cultural ties between England and the U.S. and their influence on the country's population. Relative to ethnic groups of other European origins, this may be due to the early establishment of English

1902:

The 1990s witnessed a resurgence of English national identity. Survey data shows a rise in the number of people in England describing their national identity as English and a fall in the number describing themselves as British. Today, black and minority ethnic people of England still generally

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The close genetic affinity of these Beaker people to Continental North Europeans means that British and Irish populations cluster genetically very closely with other Northwest European populations, regardless of how much Anglo-Saxon and Viking ancestry was introduced during the 1st millennium.

1894:

were of the view that "Only people who are white count as truly English". Amongst ethnic minority respondents, the equivalent figures were 68% and 19%. Research has found that the proportion of people who consider being white to be a necessary component of Englishness has declined over time.

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argues that "In the early years of devolution...there was little sign" of an English backlash against devolution for Scotland and Wales, but that more recently survey data shows tentative signs of "a form of English nationalism...beginning to emerge among the general public". Michael Kenny,

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remaining the prestige language of government and law largely out of social inertia. For example, Orderic Vitalis, a historian born in 1075 and the son of a Norman knight, said that he learned French only as a second language. Anglo-Norman continued to be used by the Plantagenet kings until

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outlined in the law code of Ine of Wessex which produced an incentive to become Anglo-Saxon or at least English speaking. Historian Malcolm Todd writes, "It is much more likely that a large proportion of the British population remained in place and was progressively dominated by a Germanic

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England itself has no devolved government. The 1990s witnessed a rise in English self-awareness. This is linked to the expressions of national self-awareness of the other British nations of Wales, Scotland and, to some extent, Northern Ireland which take their most solid form in the new

1934:", a reference to the situation in which MPs representing constituencies outside England can vote on matters affecting only England, but MPs cannot vote on the same matters in relation to the other parts of the UK. Consequently, groups such as the CEP have called for the creation of a 7106:

the presence of the Canadian example has led to an increase in Canadian being reported and has had an impact on the counts of other groups, especially for French, English, Irish and Scottish. People who previously reported these origins in the census had the tendency to now report

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The number of people who described themselves as white in terms of population group and specified their first language as English in South Africa's 2011 Census was 1,603,575. The total white population with a first language specified was 4,461,409 and the total population was

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and their relationship with the Romano-British is a matter of debate. The traditional view is that a mass invasion by various Anglo-Saxon tribes largely displaced the indigenous British population in southern and eastern Britain (modern-day England with the exception of

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regard this as an undercount, as the index of inconsistency is high, and many, if not most, people from English stock have a tendency (since the introduction of a new 'American' category and ignoring the ancestry question in the 2000 census) to identify as simply

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describes a common slip of the tongue in which people say "English, I mean British". He notes that this slip is normally made only by the English themselves and by foreigners: "Non-English members of the United Kingdom rarely say 'British' when they mean

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came to the throne. Over time the English language became more important even in the court, and the Normans were gradually assimilated, until, by the 14th century, both rulers and subjects regarded themselves as English and spoke the English language.

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England has been the destination of varied numbers of migrants at different periods from the 17th century onwards. While some members of these groups seek to practise a form of pluralism, attempting to maintain a separate ethnic identity, others have

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began to form when the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms united against Danish Viking invasions, which began around 800 AD. Over the following century and a half England was for the most part a politically unified entity, and remained permanently so after 954.

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Schiffels, Stephan; Haak, Wolfgang; Paajanen, Pirita; Llamas, Bastien; Popescu, Elizabeth; Loe, Louise; Clarke, Rachel; Lyons, Alice; Mortimer, Richard; Sayer, Duncan; Tyler-Smith, Chris; Cooper, Alan; Durbin, Richard (19 January 2016).

1970:. A report, also based on the British Social Attitudes Survey, published in December 2010 suggests that only 29% of people in England support the establishment of an English parliament, though this figure had risen from 17% in 2007. 6865: 2183:, over 49 million (49,598,035) Americans claimed English ancestry, at the time around 26.3% of the total population and largest reported group which, even today, would make them the largest ethnic group in the United States. 3479: 5265: 1114:

was launched a generation ago, "England" was still an all-embracing word. It meant indiscriminately England and Wales; Great Britain; the United Kingdom; and even the British Empire. Foreigners used it as the name of a

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meant that small numbers of other peoples may have also been present in England before the Anglo-Saxons arrived. There is archaeological evidence, for example, of an early North African presence in a Roman garrison at

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Ross P. Byrne, Rui Martiniano, Lara M. Cassidy, Matthew Carrigan, Garrett Hellenthal, Orla Hardiman, Daniel G. Bradley, Russell McLaughlin: "Insular Celtic population structure and genomic footprints of migration"

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Novembre, John; Johnson, Toby; Bryc, Katarzyna; Kutalik, Zoltán; Boyko, Adam R.; Auton, Adam; Indap, Amit; King, Karen S.; Bergmann, Sven; Nelson, Matthew R.; Stephens, Matthew; Bustamante, Carlos D. (2008).

7192: 2148:, English Americans were the largest group in the United States with 46.5 million Americans self-identifying as having some English origins (many combined with another heritage) representing (19.8%) of the 1087:

It is unclear how many British people consider themselves English. The words "English" and "British" are often incorrectly used interchangeably, especially outside the UK. In his study of English identity,

1938:, claiming that there is now a discriminatory democratic deficit against the English. The establishment of an English parliament has also been backed by a number of Scottish and Welsh nationalists. Writer 1784:. The remainder became the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, although this name was not introduced until 1927, after some years in which the term "United Kingdom" had been little used. 4517:

Haak, Wolfgang; Lazaridis, Iosif; Patterson, Nick; Rohland, Nadin; Mallick, Swapan; Llamas, Bastien; Brandt, Guido; Nordenfelt, Susanne; Harney, Eadaoin; Stewardson, Kristin; Fu, Qiaomei (11 June 2015).

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said they were British, while only 5 per cent said they were English, Scottish or Welsh", and the largest percentage of non-whites to identify as English were the people who described their ethnicity as

2768:, English spread around the world from the 17th to mid-20th centuries. Through newspapers, books, the telegraph, the telephone, phonograph records, radio, satellite television, broadcasters (such as the 4759:

Athanasiadis, G.; Cheng, J. Y.; Vilhjalmsson, B. J.; Jorgensen, F. G.; Als, T. D.; Le Hellard, S.; Espeseth, T.; Sullivan, P. F.; Hultman, C. M.; Kjaergaard, P. C.; Schierup, M. H.; Mailund, T. (2016).

2111:, and settled in significant numbers in some areas. Substantial populations descended from English colonists and immigrants exist in the United States, Canada, Australia, South Africa and New Zealand. 1651:

Despite the assimilation of the Normans, the distinction between 'English' and 'French' survived in official documents long after it had fallen out of common use, in particular in the legal phrase

7127: 2601:. 4.8% were Muslim, 3.4% were members of other religions, 5.3% were agnostics, 6.8% were atheists and 15.0% were not sure about their religious affiliation or refused to answer to the question. 1127:, was not ashamed to describe himself as "Prime Minister of England" Now terms have become more rigorous. The use of "England" except for a geographic area brings protests, especially from the 2337:

census, there were 215,589 English-born representing 21.5% of all overseas-born residents or 5 percent of the total population and the most-common birthplace outside New Zealand. In the recent

1465:

were gradually followed by a succession of Danish settlers in England. At first, the Vikings were very much considered a separate people from the English. This separation was enshrined when

1158:, analysing the use of "English" over "British", argued that English identity, rather than growing, had existed all along but has recently been unmasked from behind a veneer of Britishness. 1954:

led to a rise in English national identity at all, arguing that survey data fails to portray the complex nature of national identities, with many people considering themselves both English

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A landmark 2022 study titled "The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool", found the English to be of plurality Anglo-Saxon-like ancestry, with heavy native

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of the Anglo-Saxon period; in the Northern and Eastern parts of England the language of Danish settlers had influenced the language, a fact still evident in Northern English dialects.

1907:(CEP) suggest the emergence of a broader civic and multi-ethnic English nationhood. Scholars and journalists have noted a rise in English self-consciousness, with increased use of the 4162: 4596: 3467: 1661:

had to prove an unidentified murdered body found on their soil to be that of an Englishman, rather than a Norman, if they wanted to avoid a fine). This law was abolished in 1340.

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Many recent immigrants to England have assumed a solely British identity, while others have developed dual or mixed identities. Use of the word "English" to describe Britons from

5067: 2459:, so influential has English culture been on the cultures of the British Isles and, on the other hand, given the extent to which other cultures have influenced life in England. 1360:"—the descendants of the native Brittonic-speaking population that lived in the area of Britain under Roman rule during the 1st–5th centuries AD. The multi-ethnic nature of the 6692: 6377: 1578:, as Wessex grew from a relatively small kingdom in the South West to become the founder of the Kingdom of the English, incorporating all Anglo-Saxon kingdoms and the Danelaw. 6862: 6297: 4315: 1987: 3600: 6648: 5956: 1052:

political arrangements within the United Kingdom – and the waning of a shared British national identity with the growing distance between the end of the

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who emigrated between the 16th and 18th centuries. Some definitions of English people include, while others exclude, people descended from later migration into England.

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Since the 18th century, England has been one part of a wider political entity covering all or part of the British Isles, which today is called the United Kingdom.

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Recent genetic studies have suggested that Britain's Neolithic population was largely replaced by a population from North Continental Europe characterised by the

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has suggested that like most dominant groups, the English have only demonstrated interest in their ethnic self-definition when they were feeling oppressed.

1801: 7626: 7119: 7044: 4873: 5775: 2705:. In the Middle English period Latin was the language of administration and the nobility spoke Norman French. Middle English was itself derived from the 1263:

cases. However, the authors noted that the similarity observed between the various sample groups was likely to be due to more recent internal migration.

1216:. This population lacked genetic affinity to some other Bell Beaker populations, such as the Iberian Bell Beakers, but appeared to be an offshoot of the 7743: 7900: 4268: 7562: 1400:, who gives the only contemporary historical account of the period, and describes the slaughter and starvation of native Britons by invading tribes ( 1220:

single grave people, as developed in Western Europe. It is currently unknown whether these Beaker peoples went on to develop Celtic languages in the

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An examination of the English ancestry of George Washington, setting forth the evidence to connect him with the Washingtons of Sulgrave and Brington

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However the names of some towns, cities, rivers etc. do have Brittonic or pre-Brittonic origins, becoming more frequent towards the west of Britain.

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Various contemporary sources suggest that within 50 years of the invasion most of the Normans outside the royal court had switched to English, with

5796: 7359: 5923: 5231: 7274: 7231: 7209: 5491: 2697:(the form of language in use by the English people from the 12th to the 15th century); Middle English was influenced lexically by Norman-French, 6780: 6057: 1488:

Gradually, the Danes in England came to be seen as 'English'. They had a noticeable impact on the English language: many English words, such as

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of English descent, are both the single largest ethnic group in Australia and the largest 'ancestry' identity in the Australian census. In the

1780:. In 1922, about two-thirds of the Irish population (those who lived in 26 of the 32 counties of Ireland), left the United Kingdom to form the 1670: 7300: 7000: 6631: 6260: 5098: 5206: 9771: 9335: 5524: 4369: 3416:

Spellings of this name most common in modern texts are "Ethelred" and "Æthelred" (or "Aethelred"), the latter being closer to the original

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banks, developed the export trade in crops and animal products and imported the luxuries that the growing Argentine middle classes sought.

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tribes that began migrating to eastern and southern Britain, from southern Denmark and northern Germany, in the 5th century AD, after the

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Michael E. Weale, Deborah A. Weiss, Rolf F. Jager, Neil Bradman, Mark G. Thomas, Y "Chromosome Evidence for Anglo-Saxon Mass Migration",

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to establish the Danelaw, a division of England between English and Danish rule, with the Danes occupying northern and eastern England.

9345: 8894: 8554: 7536: 7388: 6936: 6837: 6559: 837: 6384: 5064: 8826: 6224: 6194: 5749: 5328: 4737: 1517: 6684: 5989: 4844: 3931: 9228: 8019: 7024: 6964: 6293: 6164: 3234: 1854:, current estimates indicate that around 6 million people in the UK have at least one grandparent born in the Republic of Ireland. 706: 431: 6043:

Jones, Richard Wyn; Lodge, Guy; Jeffery, Charlie; Gottfried, Glenn; Scully, Roger; Henderson, Ailsa; Wincott, Daniel (July 2013).

2330:, given the strong representation in the mid and late-nineteenth century with the English being the largest in migration inflows. 9057: 4424: 1962:

found that 38% of English voters considered themselves both English and British, alongside 19% who felt English but not British.

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if born in England, for a generation or two after the Conquest. The Norman dynasty ruled England for 87 years until the death of

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Martiniano, R., Caffell, A., Holst, M. et al. "Genomic signals of migration and continuity in Britain before the Anglo-Saxons".

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as wholly or partly English. In addition, 1,035,133 recorded British ancestry. This was a numerical decrease from the census in

8934: 8067: 5371: 5946: 5445: 3703: 9355: 8938: 8442: 7936: 7882: 7830: 7804: 7726: 7092: 6805: 5853: 4911: 4397: 4344: 3663: 3594: 7690: 7098: 4221: 3622: 1079:

in England described their nationality as "English", non-white people were more likely to describe themselves as "British".

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Despite this, after the early 1850s, the English-born slowly fell from being a majority of the colonial population. In the

1167: 7991: 4936: 7158: 6011: 5401: 5201: 5122: 3505: 1820: 631: 2772:) and the Internet, as well as the emergence of the United States as a global superpower, Modern English has become the 1063:

in England is complicated by most non-white people in England identifying as British rather than English. In their 2004

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The English largely descend from two main historical population groups: the West Germanic tribes, including the Angles,

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identify as British rather than English to a greater extent than their white counterparts; however, groups such as the

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populations have only grown throughout the UK generally, as immigration from the British Empire and the subsequent

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been encouraged to think of themselves as British rather than to identify themselves with the constituent nations.

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Stanley Lieberson and Lawrence Santi, 'The Use of Nativity Data to Estimate Ethnic Characteristics and Patterns',

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There were once many different dialects of modern English in England, which were recorded in projects such as the

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Stanley Lieberson and Mary C. Waters, 'Ethnic Groups in Flux: The Changing Ethnic Responses of American Whites',

4817: 3017: 2903: 1967: 400: 7558: 9656: 8643: 8128: 7622: 7301:"Birthplace (detailed) For the census usually resident population count 2001, 2006, and 2013 Censuses Table 11" 7056: 5457: 4866: 3475: 2907: 2830: 2133: 1546:

The English population was not politically unified until the 10th century. Before then, there were a number of

1353:. The Anglo-Saxons gave their name to England ("Engla land", meaning "Land of the Angles") and to the English. 1068: 921: 683: 349: 321: 7776: 5779: 4497:

Parris, Matthew (18 December 2010). "With a shrug of the shoulders, England is becoming a nation once again".

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and simply to seek out a future. English families sent second and younger sons, or what were described as the

2322:, 50.5% of the total population were born in England, this proportion fell to 36.5% (1861) and 24.3% by 1881. 2222:

settlements; as well as to non-English groups having emigrated in order to establish significant communities.

9428: 8819: 8092: 7892: 7596: 5920:"English identity open to all, regardless of race, finds poll – and Three Lions is the symbol that unites us" 5076: 4278: 4070: 2456: 1658: 1036: 184: 4137: 2125: 9386: 8979: 8684: 8598: 8087: 8012: 7649:

Der English Dialect Survey und der Linguistic Survey of Scotland – Arbeitsmethoden und bisherige Ergebnisse

2587: 1541: 1470: 1350: 1182: 424: 5044: 1737:, which incorporated Wales into the English state. A new British identity was subsequently developed when 9438: 9365: 9050: 8743: 8698: 8559: 8077: 8072: 8052: 7840: 7814: 7463: 6960: 4231: 2633: 2598: 2266: 1935: 1145:

lists numerous examples in history books of "British" still being used to mean "English" and vice versa.

1089: 913: 869: 489: 479: 29: 2752:, but it died out in the 11th century although traces of it can still be found in the Cumbrian dialect. 2620:

and the Second Sunday of Easter inclusive, it is moved to the Monday after the Second Sunday of Easter.

9721: 9465: 9360: 9340: 9077: 8999: 8964: 8954: 8738: 8706: 8569: 8509: 8391: 8386: 7960: 7843:(2010). "Negotiating English identity: Englishness, Britishness and the future of the United Kingdom". 7822: 7373: 7213: 6453: 5919: 3336: 2719: 2714: 2066: 1608: 832: 395: 274: 136: 6769: 5241:, in Cameron, Keith. "The nation: myth or reality?"bIntellect Books, 1994. Retrieved 21 December 2009. 2942: 1380:

Southern Britain in AD 600 after the Anglo-Saxon settlement, showing England's division into multiple

9218: 8549: 8401: 7336: 6534: 6488: 3531: 3224: 2180: 2173: 2165: 2145: 1862: 1356:

The Anglo-Saxons arrived in a land that was already populated by people commonly referred to as the "

1110: 639: 6989: 4811:

Weale, Michael E.; Weiss, Deborah A.; Jager, Rolf F.; Bradman, Neil; Thomas, Mark G. (1 July 2002).

9498: 9370: 9009: 8879: 8812: 8638: 8544: 8514: 8459: 8411: 6628: 5090: 2982:– 25 October 1400) was an English poet and author. Widely seen as the greatest English poet of the 2892: 2473: 1765: 1703: 1653: 1450: 1282:, and newly confirmed medieval French admixture. Significant regional variation was also observed. 1198: 1064: 1028: 497: 9761: 8889: 8650: 8524: 8123: 8005: 6087: 5793: 5516: 5196: 4336: 3204: 2896: 2841: 2694: 2687: 2338: 2334: 2319: 2082: 1886: 1708: 1012: 920:

language, and share a common ancestry, history, and culture. The English identity began with the

917: 827: 417: 33: 21: 6990:"Table 2: Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group for the United States: 1980" 4620:"Thousands of horsemen may have swept into Bronze Age Europe, transforming the local population" 4379: 1478: 9043: 8856: 8667: 8579: 8449: 8314: 8309: 7333:"Emigration of Scots, English and Welsh-speaking people to Argentina in the nineteenth century" 6659: 6124: 5834:, Asian and Black History in Britain, 1500–1850: UK government website. Retrieved 21 July 2006. 4903: 3292: 3229: 3179: 2997: 2308: 2296: 2161:

or if of mixed European ancestry, identify with a more recent and differentiated ethnic group.

2152:

population. This includes 25.5 million (12.5%) who were "English alone" - one origin. However,

1843: 1761: 1458: 1325: 1194: 1186: 966: 627: 405: 356: 147: 25: 5634: 3123:

in order to find the "nation's best-loved novel" of all time, with works by English novelists

2341:, 210,915 were born in England or 4.49% of the total population, a slight decrease from 2013. 1177:

English people, like most Europeans, largely descend from three distinct lineages: Mesolithic

9646: 9491: 9187: 8716: 8711: 8655: 8464: 7796: 7751: 7159:"Census 2016: Summary of result – Population by states and territories, 2011 and 2016 Census" 6933: 5823: 5309:

Catherine Hills, "The Anglo-Saxon Migration: An Archaeological Case Study of Disruption," in

5172:

Higham, Nicholas J. and Ryan, Martin J. "The Anglo-Saxon World" (Yale University Press, 2013)

3795: 3239: 3184: 2555: 2184: 1939: 1931: 1808: 1213: 696: 617: 552: 278: 204: 164: 7532: 5325:"Celtic whispers: revisiting the problems of the relation between Brittonic and Old English" 5324: 1406:). Furthermore, the English language contains no more than a handful of words borrowed from 9265: 9107: 8672: 8626: 8529: 8454: 8381: 8364: 8340: 7928: 6841: 6563: 6216: 6186: 5001: 4656: 4543: 4473: 3880: 3804: 3744: 3509: 3417: 3396: 3307: 3009: 2988: 2753: 2706: 2419: 2359: 2312: 2212: 1812: 1738: 1628: 1402: 1190: 1137: 753: 523: 5981: 5753: 4969:

Margaryan, A., Lawson, D.J., Sikora, M. et al. "Population genomics of the Viking world".

4831: 4727: 2638: 2176:

where 32,651,788 people or 13.1% of the population self-identified with English ancestry.

8: 9731: 9651: 9508: 9455: 9443: 9144: 9019: 8959: 8924: 8633: 8586: 8425: 8376: 8204: 8199: 8108: 6156: 4812: 4415: 3980: 3322: 3214: 3064: 3048: 3013: 2468: 2249: 1923: 1866: 1835: 1749: 1697: 1644: 1624: 1407: 1251: 1205: 1039:

in general. The demonyms for men and women from England are Englishman and Englishwoman.

1024: 603: 527: 224: 114: 50: 7398: 6953: 5005: 4660: 4547: 3928: 3884: 3808: 3748: 2837: 1271:

those from northern and southwestern England had a greater degree of indigenous origin.

9541: 9503: 9486: 9433: 9407: 9233: 9179: 9014: 8974: 8919: 8874: 8779: 8621: 8478: 8437: 8406: 8345: 8224: 8156: 8057: 8037: 7921: 7768: 6470: 5022: 4987: 4788: 4766: 4761: 4677: 4642: 4572: 4533: 4519: 4007: 3901: 3868: 3825: 3790: 3765: 3730: 3376: 3194: 2809: 2749: 2605: 2551: 2497: 2485: 2450: 2350: 2237: 2158: 1918:

This perceived rise in English self-consciousness has generally been attributed to the

1870: 1773: 1753: 1742: 1713: 1686: 1620: 1596: 1298: 1291: 1032: 1020: 1016: 977: 814: 649: 465: 448: 380: 266: 188: 6745: 4520:"Massive migration from the steppe was a source for Indo-European languages in Europe" 3532:"2021 Australia, Census All persons QuickStats | Australian Bureau of Statistics" 9711: 9602: 9460: 8591: 8324: 8319: 8219: 8171: 7964: 7932: 7916: 7878: 7858: 7826: 7800: 7789: 7772: 7658: 7459: 7280: 7237: 7088: 7052: 6707: 6474: 6091: 5849: 5716: 5582: 5426: 5143: 5027: 4907: 4836: 4793: 4682: 4577: 4559: 4477: 4340: 4103: 3999: 3906: 3830: 3791:"Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon genomes from East England reveal British migration history" 3770: 3659: 3590: 3554: 3381: 3371: 3060: 2761: 2723: 2613: 2579: 2559: 2517: 2489: 2383: 2277:

until the mid-20th century, the vast majority of settlers to Australia were from the

2231: 2137: 2129: 2120: 2101: 1983: 1769: 1537: 1335: 1317: 1124: 1072: 1060: 958: 701: 544: 385: 375: 370: 200: 125: 103: 5442: 5364: 4011: 3695: 3047:

is sometimes described as the golden age of English literature with writers such as

9706: 9572: 9564: 9549: 9481: 9448: 9158: 9004: 8884: 8861: 8851: 8788: 8728: 8613: 8534: 8304: 7854: 7760: 6462: 6358: 5892: 5017: 5009: 4992: 4944: 4933:

Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon genomes from East England reveal British migration history

4826: 4783: 4775: 4672: 4664: 4647: 4567: 4551: 4524: 4079: 3989: 3896: 3888: 3855: 3820: 3812: 3760: 3752: 3735: 3391: 3366: 3317: 3312: 3287: 3209: 3169: 3124: 3037: 2952: 2741: 2733: 2729: 2683: 2532: 2435: 2286: 2282: 2192: 2188: 1999: 1781: 1692: 1466: 1346: 939: 725: 691: 659: 562: 557: 328: 270: 262: 212: 160: 91: 7744:"English identity and ethnic diversity in the context of UK constitutional change" 7734: 7700: 6838:"Detailed Races and Ethnicities in the United States and Puerto Rico: 2020 Census" 6560:"Detailed Races and Ethnicities in the United States and Puerto Rico: 2020 Census" 4025: 1135:

However, although Taylor believed this blurring effect was dying out, in his book

9726: 9615: 9577: 9319: 9260: 9136: 8984: 8929: 8721: 8519: 8209: 8161: 8082: 7196: 7031: 6940: 6881:

Reynolds Farley, 'The New Census Question about Ancestry: What Did It Tell Us?',

6869: 6752: 6734: 6715: 6696: 6653: 6635: 6616: 6594: 5874: 5830: 5800: 5553: 5461: 5449: 5238: 5126: 5071: 5051: 4940: 4451: 4403: 4310: 4254: 4150:

the citizens or inhabitants of, or people born in, England, considered as a group

3935: 3386: 3091: 3087: 3044: 3029: 3025: 2726:

in recent time as a result of education, the media and socio-economic pressures.

2690: 2547: 2509: 2477: 2327: 2149: 1950: 1816: 1757: 1681: 1612: 1611:

during 1066 brought Anglo-Saxon and Danish rule of England to an end, as the new

1600: 1178: 1128: 1101: 993: 822: 534: 390: 335: 314: 5888:"Ethnic minorities more likely to feel British than white people, says research" 5848:, Orient Blackswan, pp. 111–119, 129–130, 140, 154–156, 160–168, 172, 181, 4779: 3869:"Genomic signals of migration and continuity in Britain before the Anglo-Saxons" 9686: 9681: 9592: 9582: 9554: 9302: 9285: 9280: 9149: 8909: 8835: 8793: 8564: 8166: 7518:

Reconciling science and religion: the debate in early-twentieth-century Britain

7335:. British Settlers in Argentina – studies in 19th and 20th century emigration. 5397: 5013: 4931: 4762:"Nationwide Genomic Study in Denmark Reveals Remarkable Population Homogeneity" 3302: 3174: 3160: 3132: 3079: 3056: 3033: 2765: 2757: 2513: 2387: 2204: 1828: 1632: 1370: 1357: 1279: 1242: 1149: 1053: 969: 931: 857: 773: 610: 507: 246: 241: 9620: 5846:

Counterflows to Colonialism: Indian Traveller and Settler in Britain 1600–1857

5119: 4306:"Ethnic minorities feel strong sense of identity with Britain, report reveals" 4084: 4065: 3346: 2736:, is one of three existing Brittonic languages; its usage has been revived in 2523: 2370:

in 1806 (then a Spanish colony) in small numbers, mostly as businessmen, when

1172: 457: 9755: 9587: 9270: 9066: 8944: 8494: 8350: 8257: 8252: 8194: 8113: 7874: 7866: 7764: 7368: 6362: 5736: 5139: 4563: 4499: 4273: 4003: 3341: 3282: 3268: 3249: 3140: 3136: 3103: 3099: 3083: 2785: 2594: 2501: 2278: 2262: 2258: 2196: 2108: 1882: 1878: 1839: 1592: 1575: 1547: 1462: 1381: 1313: 1224:, or whether later Celtic migrations introduced Celtic languages to Britain. 1221: 1154: 1142: 985: 943: 654: 644: 587: 582: 342: 282: 7493: 4988:"The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool" 3976:"The 'People of the British Isles' project and Viking settlement in England" 1376: 42:"English nation" redirects here. For the country of the United Kingdom, see 9736: 9701: 9024: 8748: 8603: 8229: 8214: 8189: 8181: 7259: 7148:

J. Jupp, The English in Australia, Cambridge University Press, 2004, p. 103

6823: 6810:. Boston, Printed for the New England historic genealogical society. 1889. 6016: 5951: 5806: 5712: 5477: 5227: 5031: 4840: 4797: 4686: 4581: 4374: 4354: 3910: 3834: 3774: 3681: 3351: 3119: 3095: 3052: 2583: 2543: 2539: 2455:

The culture of England is sometimes difficult to separate clearly from the

2403: 2367: 2107:

English ethnic descent and emigrant communities are found primarily in the

1945: 1908: 1858: 1851: 1563: 1361: 1342: 1309: 1076: 1008: 973: 962: 901: 778: 748: 669: 664: 251: 176: 6409: 5546: 3994: 3975: 2578:

found the population of England and Wales to be 47.0% affiliated with the

1676: 1571: 1197:

who expanded into Europe from the Pontic–Caspian steppe in the context of

9716: 9297: 9197: 8989: 8949: 8904: 8846: 8504: 8247: 8239: 5574: 5454: 5181:

Ward-Perkins, Bryan. "Why did the Anglo-Saxons not become more British?"

5159:

Ward-Perkins, Bryan. "Why did the Anglo-Saxons not become more British?"

3864: 3356: 3297: 3219: 3199: 3128: 3075: 3001: 2983: 2629: 2617: 2591: 2567: 2563: 2493: 2407: 2362:

was an Argentine author, naturalist, and ornithologist of English origin.

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as well, and expressed the desire to be known as the monarch of Britain.

1217: 1116: 196: 180: 9625: 7731:

Price and Associates: Professional Genealogy and Family History Services

5679: 5398:"The P-Celtic Place Names of North-East England and South-East Scotland" 4948: 4668: 4555: 4166: 3892: 3859: 3816: 3756: 9696: 9630: 8760: 8499: 7955:

Bueltmann, Tanja; Gleeson, David T.; MacRaild, Donald M., eds. (2012).

6466: 6451:

Copus, Colin (2009). "English national parties in post-devolution UK".

6261:"Is an English backlash emerging? Reactions to devolution ten years on" 6046:

England and its Two Unions: The Anatomy of a Nation and its Discontents

4420: 3361: 3107: 3068: 2698: 2571: 2423: 2355: 2200: 2153: 1919: 1912: 1850:

fled to England. Due to sustained and sometimes mass emigration of the

1730: 1639: 1441: 1330: 1049: 220: 7420: 6770:"Table 19 Enumerated population classified by usual residence and sex" 4758: 1071:

compared the ethnic identities of British people with their perceived

9610: 8969: 8262: 8133: 7393: 6378:"Resentment or contentment? Attitudes towards the Union ten years on" 6332:"What makes a person English, according to the English | YouGov" 6129: 3256: 2797: 2379: 2371: 2218: 1978: 1551: 1120: 1001: 733: 2881: 2848:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. 9312: 9275: 9163: 9117: 8994: 7997: 7025:

From many strands: ethnic and racial groups in contemporary América

6496: 6292:

Kenny, Michael; English, Richard; Hayton, Richard (February 2008).

4732: 4538: 3655: 2793: 2777: 2737: 2395: 2169: 1847: 1393: 1366: 989: 935: 572: 2642:

Map showing phonological variation within England of the vowel in

306: 9292: 9153: 9102: 8804: 8118: 8028: 7986: 7273:

Bueltmann, Tanja; Gleeson, David T.; MacRaild, Donald M. (2012).

7230:

Bueltmann, Tanja; Gleeson, David T.; MacRaild, Donald M. (2010).

6312: 6294:"Beyond the constitution? Englishness in a post-devolved Britain" 4133: 3862: 3005: 2781: 2745: 1615: 1587: 1436: 1432: 1415: 1321: 1290:"History of the English" redirects here. Not to be confused with 1247: 1209: 997: 981: 909: 768: 743: 738: 592: 577: 216: 77: 43: 9112: 9035: 8539: 7120:"Population characteristics: Ancestry of Australia's population" 925: 502: 9661: 9307: 9192: 9092: 6954:"1990 Census of Population Detailed Ancestry Groups for States" 6583: 6581: 5138:"Britain BC: Life in Britain and Ireland before the Romans" by 4113: 3949:"New study reignites debate over Viking settlements in England" 2789: 2609: 2411: 2399: 1974: 1959: 1927: 1559: 1555: 1397: 950: 905: 763: 7671: 6909:

Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science

5947:"Now 90% of England agrees: being English is not about colour" 2967: 9168: 9097: 5349:

Härke, Heinrich. "Anglo-Saxon Immigration and Ethnogenesis."

4986:

Gretzinger; Sayer; Justeau; et al. (21 September 2022).

4516: 4285: 3727: 3189: 3028:

were the preferred literary languages of England, but in the

3021: 2961: 2958: 2702: 2575: 2415: 1726: 1449: 966 – 23 April 1016), known as 'the Unready', was 1259:

picture of the genetic effects of these movements of people.

1000:

in England in the late 11th century and a sizeable number of

992:

that began in the late 9th century. This was followed by the

954: 758: 208: 81: 6578: 3731:"The fine scale genetic structure of the British population" 2756:

began in the late 15th century with the introduction of the

1772:

formed a union between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the

9087: 7332: 5558: 3787: 2391: 2254: 1824: 1482: 1173:

Replacement of Neolithic farmers by Bell Beaker populations

6042: 4639: 1897: 1185:

population that arrived in Europe about 45,000 years ago;

8733: 7695: 7425: 6863:

Sharing the Dream: White Males in a Multicultural America

6688: 6413: 5666: 5639: 5598: 5562: 5065:

Where did the British come from? Ancient DNA holds clues.

4249: 3114: 2769: 512: 7954: 7272: 7229: 6924:(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990), p. 36. 5175: 4209: 4206:

at dictionary.cambridge.org. Retrieved 13 November 2023.

4192:

at dictionary.cambridge.org. Retrieved 13 November 2023.

1869:

presence since at least the 17th century because of the

6125:"St George unfurls his flag (made in China) once again" 3589:. Pretoria: Statistics South Africa. 2012. p. 26. 2382:

as industrialists and major landowners, others went as

8284:

Political history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)

7742:

Condor, Susan; Gibson, Stephen; Abell, Jackie (2006).

7389:"Catholics set to pass Anglicans as leading UK church" 7190:

Census of Population and Housing: Reflecting Australia

4985: 4813:"Y Chromosome Evidence for Anglo-Saxon Mass Migration" 4810: 3506:"English Most Common Race or Ethnicity in 2020 Census" 3468:"Ethnicity and National Identity in England and Wales" 2410:

of the family, to Argentina to make their fortunes in

1861:

presence in England since the 16th century due to the

6515: 6432: 6383:. National Centre for Social Research. Archived from 4900:

The Origins of the British: A Genetic Detective Story

3929:

https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004160

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from 978 to 1013 and again from 1014 until his death.

7727:"Expert Links: English Family History and Genealogy" 7520:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 194. 6104: 5343: 4433: 4392:"National Identity and Community in England" (2006) 3150: 1802:

Immigration to the United Kingdom (1922-present day)

1231: 8289:

Social history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)

7655:

A Grammar of the Dialect of the Bolton Area, Part 1

7586:"Understanding the 21st Century Catholic Community" 6296:. Institute for Public Policy Research. p. 3. 6266:. Institute for Public Policy Research. p. 3. 5313:, ed. Brenda J. Baker and Takeyuki Tsuda, pp. 45–48 4066:"Why did the Anglo-Saxons not become more British?" 3264:

Social history of the United Kingdom (1945–present)

2955: 2740:. Historically, another Brittonic Celtic language, 1764:had previously passed its own Act of Union, so the 1570:The nation of England was formed in 12 July 927 by 972:who already lived there. Collectively known as the 7920: 7788: 7651:, Zeitschrift für Mundartforschung 31, 333–335 in 6746:Country of Birth: Proportion Born in Wales Falling 6291: 3974:Kershaw, Jane; Røyrvik, Ellen C. (December 2016). 2722:(mid 20th century), but there has been widespread 2132:, known as the "Father of His Country", and first 1831:in the 19th century and from Germany in the 20th. 1631:(based in France), and England became part of the 7891: 7741: 7677: 6318: 4597:"The first Europeans weren't who you might think" 4291: 3433:Those who self-identified as English ethnic group 1554:of seven states, the most powerful of which were 1341:The first people to be called "English" were the 1161: 49:"Englander" redirects here. For the surname, see 9753: 7126:. Australian Bureau of Statistics. 3 June 2003. 6376:Ormston, Rachel; Curtice, John (December 2010). 5709:A History of Britain: The British Wars 1603–1776 4943:, Nature Communications 7, Article number:10408 4512: 4510: 4329:Hussain, Asifa; Millar, William Lockley (2006). 3927:, Volume 19, Issue 7, July 2002, pp. 1008–1021, 2616:'s calendar, when St George's Day falls between 7151: 6911:, Vol. 487, No. 79 (September 1986), pp. 82–86. 6535:"2021 Australia, Census All persons QuickStats" 6349:Hazell, Robert (2006). "The English Question". 5818: 5816: 5635:"British History in depth: The Ages of English" 1791: 1011:. The majority of people living in England are 7210:"English – Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand" 6922:Ethnic Options: Choosing Identities in America 6685:Scotland's Census 2001: Supporting Information 6375: 5810:, 13 September 2006. Retrieved 9 January 2006. 5300:, Boydell and Brewer Press (2015), pp. 174–178 5232:"Anglo-Saxon Origins: The Reality of the Myth" 3973: 1671:History of the formation of the United Kingdom 1082: 9051: 8820: 8013: 7657:. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang. p. 58. 7360:"The invention of Great Britain: A review of 6885:, Vol. 28, No. 3 (August 1991), pp. 414, 421. 5776:"Meredith on the Guillet – Thoreau Genealogy" 4507: 4328: 2570:. A survey carried out in the end of 2008 by 1911:, particularly at football matches where the 877: 425: 7380: 5976: 5974: 5813: 5489: 5298:The Cruciform Brooch and Anglo-Saxon England 4867:"A Y Chromosome Census of the British Isles" 4063: 3623:"2018 Census population and dwelling counts" 2576:The Catholic Agency For Overseas Development 2211:) settlers who colonised Ireland during the 1915:was previously more commonly flown by fans. 1285: 9514:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 7620: 7578: 7112: 5877:The National Archives Accessed October 2006 5496:Esmeralda's Cumbrian History & Folklore 4897: 4891: 2910:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 2693:. The modern English language evolved from 2608:(23 April) changes when it is too close to 1778:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 9224:British–Irish Intergovernmental Conference 9058: 9044: 8827: 8813: 8020: 8006: 7421:"How many Catholics are there in Britain?" 7081:Canada's Ethnocultural Mosaic, 2006 Census 5517:"Athelstan (c. 895–939): Historic Figures" 4044: 3442:210915 listed their birthplace as England. 3040:is the most famous writer of this period. 2422:to Argentina. Some English families owned 1581: 1426: 884: 870: 432: 418: 7652: 7225: 7223: 6629:2011 Census for Scotland Standard Outputs 6605: 6603: 5971: 5944: 5794:More Britons applying for Irish passports 5362: 5021: 4830: 4787: 4728:"Ancient Britons 'replaced' by newcomers" 4676: 4571: 4537: 4119:Higham, Nicholas J., and Martin J. Ryan. 4083: 3993: 3900: 3824: 3764: 3617: 3615: 3032:there was a flourishing of literature in 2930:Learn how and when to remove this message 2864:Learn how and when to remove this message 2764:. Through the worldwide influence of the 1768:was born on 1 May 1707. In 1801, another 1481:(978–1013 and 1014–1016) was English but 1461:Viking assaults on the coastlines of the 1303: 1007:England is the largest and most populous 7957:Locating the English Diaspora, 1500–2010 7413: 7386: 7325: 5425:by Paul Hill (2004), Tempus Publishing. 5054:, Channel 4. Retrieved 21 December 2009. 4635: 4633: 4367: 3846: 3844: 3651:Ethnic Groups of Europe: An Encyclopedia 3235:Modern immigration to the United Kingdom 2941: 2637: 2522: 2472: 2354: 2253: 2124: 1922:in the late 1990s of some powers to the 1591: 1440: 1396:). This is supported by the writings of 1375: 1329: 1241: 1035:have become fairly closely aligned with 980:by the 10th century, in response to the 7819:The Making of English National Identity 7276:Locating the English Diaspora 1500-2010 7233:Locating the English Diaspora 1500–2010 7124:4102.0 - Australian Social Trends, 2003 6258: 5197:"Anglo-Saxons wanted genetic supremacy" 4975:See Supplementary Note 11 in particular 4617: 4370:"Asian recruits boost England fan army" 4269:"The English question Handle with care" 4123:. Yale University Press, 2013. pp. 7–19 2682:English people traditionally speak the 2590:and 8.7% were other Christians, mainly 2168:, 24,509,692 Americans described their 1898:Current national and political identity 1798:Historical immigration to Great Britain 1623:in 1154, when the succession passed to 938:is derived from the Angles, one of the 9754: 7539:from the original on 27 September 2017 7515: 7220: 7183: 6786:from the original on 15 September 2009 6708:Scottish Census Results Online Browser 6600: 6348: 5843: 5492:"The Treaty of Eamont Bridge in 927CE" 5194: 5101:from the original on 22 September 2017 4725: 4701:"Dutch Beakers: Like no other Beakers" 4643:"Genes mirror geography within Europe" 4496: 4467: 3723: 3721: 3612: 2504:of its bishops under the authority of 1531: 1189:who migrated from Anatolia during the 1042: 976:, they founded what was to become the 9039: 8808: 8001: 7839: 7813: 7629:from the original on 18 December 2019 7130:from the original on 3 September 2017 6521: 6450: 6438: 6246: 6122: 6110: 6081: 6024:from the original on 23 December 2013 5568: 5527:from the original on 13 February 2007 5404:from the original on 28 November 2021 5209:from the original on 15 December 2020 4832:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004160 4630: 4594: 4439: 4303: 4227: 4215: 3841: 3074:Other famous English writers include 1748:In 1707, England formed a union with 9229:British–Irish Parliamentary Assembly 8027: 7903:from the original on 24 October 2015 7621:Pocklington, David (24 April 2019). 7357: 7339:from the original on 30 January 2008 7313:from the original on 8 February 2020 7077: 6814:from the original on 3 February 2021 6503:from the original on 9 February 2011 6167:from the original on 26 January 2011 6054:Institute for Public Policy Research 5959:from the original on 29 October 2021 5926:from the original on 29 October 2021 5263: 5088: 4245:"English nationalism 'threat to UK'" 3946: 3647: 3574: 3482:from the original on 21 January 2022 3143:making up the top five on the list. 2908:adding citations to reliable sources 2875: 2813: 2508:. 26 of the church's 42 bishops are 1208:around 2400 BC, associated with the 1168:Genetic history of the British Isles 68:Regions with significant populations 9772:Ethnic groups in the United Kingdom 7623:"St George's Day: Church and State" 7492:. Church of England. Archived from 7387:Gledhill, Ruth (15 February 2007). 7250:from the original on 14 August 2021 7212:. 20 September 2008. Archived from 6898:, Vol. 14, No. 1 (1985), pp. 44–46. 6410:"'Most' support English parliament" 6227:from the original on 10 August 2012 6197:from the original on 18 August 2012 6187:"Fresh call for English Parliament" 5648:from the original on 26 August 2017 5565:website. Retrieved 30 October 2006. 5202:Australian Broadcasting Corporation 4026:"Huguenots | The History of London" 3718: 3672:from the original on 15 August 2021 1993: 13: 8834: 7433:from the original on 27 March 2019 6666:from the original on 13 April 2020 6300:from the original on 17 April 2018 6273:from the original on 17 April 2018 6217:"Welsh nod for English Parliament" 6084:The politics of English Nationhood 5896:. 18 February 2007. Archived from 5322: 3706:from the original on 20 April 2012 1905:Campaign for an English Parliament 1823:in 1656, there have been waves of 838:English inventions and discoveries 14: 9783: 9065: 7979: 7171:from the original on 20 June 2018 7055:. 4 November 2002. Archived from 6970:from the original on 27 July 2017 6420:from the original on 28 July 2011 6245:Paul Johnson is quoted by Kumar ( 6137:from the original on 29 June 2011 5992:from the original on 29 June 2011 5945:Alexander, Inigo (30 June 2019). 5750:"EJP – In Depth – On Anglo Jewry" 5690:from the original on 15 June 2006 5490:esmeraldamac (16 February 2012). 5377:from the original on 8 March 2021 5331:from the original on 8 March 2021 4740:from the original on 4 March 2019 4726:Rincon, Paul (21 February 2018). 4618:Gibbons, Ann (21 February 2017). 4368:Campbell, Dennis (18 June 2006). 4277:. 1 November 2007. Archived from 3863:Martiniano, Rui; Caffell, Anwen; 3606:from the original on 13 May 2015. 3562:from the original on 8 March 2021 3117:carried out a UK survey entitled 2512:, representing the church in the 1846:, an estimated 50,000 Protestant 1664: 1550:which gradually coalesced into a 1351:Romans had withdrawn from Britain 1238:Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain 1232:Anglo-Saxons, Vikings and Normans 982:invasion and extensive settlement 9214:Ireland–United Kingdom relations 7985: 7859:10.1111/j.1469-8129.2010.00442.x 7683: 7641: 7614: 7551: 7525: 7509: 7481: 7445: 7351: 7293: 7266: 7202: 7142: 7087:. Statistics Canada. p. 7. 7071: 7037: 7018: 7006:from the original on 4 June 2011 6982: 6946: 6927: 6914: 6901: 6888: 6875: 6856: 6830: 6798: 6762: 6739: 6720: 6701: 6678: 6641: 6622: 6552: 6527: 6481: 6444: 6402: 6369: 6342: 6324: 6285: 6252: 6239: 6209: 6179: 6149: 6012:"When British isn't always best" 5844:Fisher, Michael Herbert (2006), 5278:from the original on 1 June 2021 5195:Ingham, Richard (19 July 2006). 5045:The archaeology of black Britain 4879:from the original on 7 June 2020 4847:from the original on 2 June 2020 4707:from the original on 12 May 2021 4304:Frith, Maxine (8 January 2004). 4253:. 9 January 2000. Archived from 4140:from the original on 11 May 2020 3493:population of England and Wales. 3436: 3427: 3153: 3004:and produced epic works such as 2951: 2880: 2818: 2114: 2005:Numbers of the English diaspora 1986:gained just 64,826 votes in the 1968:British Social Attitudes Surveys 1756:in March 1707 that ratified the 1675: 961:following the withdrawal of the 851: 456: 305: 193:History of the Church of England 7595:. November 2009. Archived from 7565:from the original on 8 May 2012 7164:Australian Bureau of Statistics 6539:Australian Bureau of Statistics 6319:Condor, Gibson & Abell 2006 6259:Curtice, John (February 2010). 6116: 6075: 6036: 6004: 5938: 5922:. British Future. 9 June 2021. 5912: 5880: 5861: 5837: 5786: 5768: 5742: 5726: 5702: 5672: 5660: 5627: 5605: 5591: 5547:The Battle of Brunanburh, 937AD 5539: 5509: 5483: 5467: 5435: 5416: 5395: 5389: 5356: 5316: 5303: 5290: 5257: 5244: 5221: 5188: 5166: 5153: 5132: 5113: 5082: 5057: 5038: 4979: 4963: 4953: 4920: 4859: 4818:Molecular Biology and Evolution 4804: 4752: 4719: 4693: 4611: 4588: 4490: 4461: 4445: 4408: 4386: 4361: 4322: 4297: 4292:Condor, Gibson & Abell 2006 4261: 4237: 4195: 4181: 4165:. parliament.uk. Archived from 4155: 4126: 4092: 4057: 4018: 3967: 3947:Brix, Lise (20 February 2017). 3940: 3925:Molecular Biology and Evolution 3917: 3781: 3410: 2996:English literature begins with 1389:the arrival of the Anglo-Saxons 1075:. They found that while 58% of 930:, meaning race or tribe of the 9657:Northern Ireland Sign Language 7691:"The Big Read – Top 100 Books" 7362:The Making of English Identity 7279:. Liverpool University Press. 7236:. Liverpool University Press. 6710:. Retrieved 16 November 2007. 5752:. 14 July 2006. Archived from 5602:, 2nd edition, s.v. 'English'. 3688: 3641: 3542: 3524: 3498: 3476:Office for National Statistics 3460: 2566:is also honoured as England's 2418:. English settlers introduced 2302: 2134:President of the United States 1973:One 2007 poll carried out for 1574:of Wessex after the Treaty of 1520:, and place names that end in 1162:Historical and genetic origins 1119:and indeed continue to do so. 1069:Office for National Statistics 924:, when they were known as the 16:Ethnic group native to England 1: 7923:The Idea of English Ethnicity 7429:. London. 15 September 2010. 6649:"2018 Census totals by topic" 5183:The English Historical Review 5161:The English Historical Review 5077:The Christian Science Monitor 4898:Oppenheimer, Stephen (2006). 4855:– via academic.oup.com. 4595:Curry, Andrew (August 2019). 4458:Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. v 4071:The English Historical Review 3550:"Census Profile, 2016 Census" 3449: 2976: 2803: 2457:culture of the United Kingdom 2378:As well as those who went to 1446: 1345:, a group of closely related 1193:9,000 years ago; and Yamnaya 1009:country of the United Kingdom 8939:British Nationals (Overseas) 5363:Kortlandt, Frederik (2018). 5142:, p. 122. Harper Perennial. 4134:"Chambers – Search Chambers" 4064:Ward-Perkins, Bryan (2000). 4030:www.thehistoryoflondon.co.uk 3583:Census 2011: Census in brief 3454: 2718:(late 19th century) and the 2366:English settlers arrived in 2344: 2326:'s foundational culture was 2243: 1890:nations, including England. 1792:Immigration and assimilation 1735:Laws in Wales Acts 1535–1542 1635:until its collapse in 1214. 1542:Treaty of Alfred and Guthrum 1528:are Scandinavian in origin. 1471:Treaty of Alfred and Guthrum 1457:From about 800 AD, waves of 1037:British customs and identity 1033:English customs and identity 7: 8560:English language in England 8555:Innovations and discoveries 8279:Postwar Britain (1945–1979) 6961:United States Census Bureau 6638:, Accessed 5 September 2014 6588:Census Profile, 2016 Census 6157:"The West Lothian Question" 6020:. London. 24 January 2007. 5613:"England—Plantagenet Kings" 5443:Online Etymology Dictionary 4780:10.1534/genetics.116.189241 4353:on 18 May 2016 – via 3700:Online Etymology Dictionary 3146: 2844:the claims made and adding 2634:English language in England 2623: 2599:Eastern Orthodox Christians 2462: 2267:Prime Minister of Australia 1936:devolved English Parliament 1928:National Assembly for Wales 1083:Relationship to Britishness 946:around the 5th century AD. 30:Englishman (disambiguation) 10: 9788: 9010:Turks and Caicos Islanders 7961:Liverpool University Press 7823:Cambridge University Press 7718: 7653:Shorrocks, Graham (1999). 7487:See the pages linked from 6597:– Ethnic origin population 6123:Hoyle, Ben (8 June 2006). 5982:"British identity: Waning" 5453:by Douglas Harper (2001), 5311:Migrations and Disruptions 5014:10.1038/s41586-022-05247-2 4456:English History, 1914–1945 3337:British diaspora in Africa 2807: 2720:Survey of English Dialects 2715:English Dialect Dictionary 2627: 2466: 2448: 2444: 2433: 2348: 2306: 2273:From the beginning of the 2247: 2229: 2118: 1997: 1958:British. A 2017 survey by 1795: 1668: 1609:Norman conquest of England 1585: 1535: 1430: 1307: 1296: 1289: 1235: 1165: 996:and limited settlement of 275:British diaspora in Africa 18: 9674: 9639: 9601: 9563: 9540: 9533: 9526: 9474: 9416: 9400: 9385: 9328: 9253: 9246: 9206: 9178: 9135: 9128: 9073: 8870: 8842: 8773: 8697: 8612: 8490: 8486: 8477: 8433: 8424: 8372: 8363: 8333: 8297: 8271: 8238: 8180: 8149: 8101: 8045: 8036: 7647:Wolfgang Vierick (1964), 7559:"Research and Statistics" 7516:Bowler, Peter J. (2001). 7167:. Australian Government. 7078:Chui, Tina (April 2008). 6997:1980 United States Census 6695:26 September 2007 at the 6610:Focus on Geography Series 6489:"Full England scoreboard" 5464:. Retrieved 10 July 2006. 5252:Archaeology and Migration 5089:Wise, Gildas the (1899). 4332:Multicultural Nationalism 3225:Genetic history of Europe 2269:both had English parents. 2225: 2146:2020 United States census 1674: 1485:(1016–1035) was Danish). 1286:History of English people 1111:Oxford History of England 640:Abbots Bromley Horn Dance 260: 236: 231: 175: 170: 159: 154: 143: 132: 121: 110: 99: 88: 72: 67: 9767:Ethnic groups in England 9499:Kingdom of Great Britain 8895:British Virgin Islanders 8639:The Football Association 7765:10.1177/1468796806063748 7453:"2009 Church Statistics" 7397:. London. Archived from 6733:27 November 2007 at the 5873:22 December 2021 at the 5829:24 December 2021 at the 5552:11 November 2010 at the 5474:The Adventure of English 5185:115.462 (2000): 513–533. 4939:17 December 2019 at the 3934:21 February 2022 at the 3403: 2604:Religious observance of 2492:, whose titular head is 2429: 2398:. Others went to become 1988:2010 UK general election 1821:resettlement of the Jews 1815:with the English. Since 1766:Kingdom of Great Britain 1654:Presentment of Englishry 1254:, an Insular masterpiece 1199:Indo-European migrations 1065:Annual Population Survey 1029:Kingdom of Great Britain 223:, and other faiths (see 8124:History of Anglo-Saxons 7893:"The Routes of English" 7846:Nations and Nationalism 7030:10 January 2016 at the 6939:18 January 2017 at the 6896:Social Science Research 6868:16 October 2015 at the 6714:11 October 2007 at the 6088:Oxford University Press 5680:"Liberation of Ireland" 5237:24 January 2016 at the 5125:6 December 2007 at the 5070:15 October 2018 at the 4468:Davies, Norman (1999). 4394:Institute of Governance 4337:Oxford University Press 4085:10.1093/ehr/115.462.513 3205:Architecture of England 3000:, which was written in 2986:, he is best known for 2558:, the patron saint was 2496:although the worldwide 1887:Commonwealth of Nations 1857:There has been a small 1842:illegal in 1685 in the 1582:Norman and Angevin rule 1427:Vikings and the Danelaw 1100:In 1965, the historian 926: 22:Demographics of England 8857:English-speaking world 8450:Elizabethan government 8315:Kingdom of East Anglia 8310:Kingdom of Northumbria 7990:Quotations related to 7797:Hodder & Stoughton 7462:. 2009. Archived from 7358:Carr, Raymond (2003). 7195:7 October 2021 at the 6751:24 August 2011 at the 6660:Statistics New Zealand 6363:10.1093/publius/pjj012 5799:5 January 2019 at the 5460:8 October 2017 at the 5163:115.462 (2000): p. 523 4904:Constable and Robinson 4100:Origins of the English 3648:Cole, Jeffrey (2011). 3293:English-speaking world 3244:(historical estimates) 3230:European ethnic groups 3180:List of English people 2998:Anglo-Saxon literature 2993: 2774:international language 2679: 2536: 2481: 2363: 2309:English New Zealanders 2270: 2164:Prior to this, in the 2141: 1844:Edict of Fontainebleau 1834:After the French king 1762:Parliament of Scotland 1604: 1454: 1384: 1338: 1304:Anglo-Saxon settlement 1255: 1133: 26:English-speaking world 9647:British Sign Language 9492:Principality of Wales 9336:Bailiwick of Guernsey 9219:British–Irish Council 9207:Political cooperation 9188:Bailiwick of Guernsey 8656:Rugby Football League 8139:Settlement of Britain 7782:on 21 September 2011. 7678:The Routes of English 7561:. Church of England. 7535:. Church of England. 7216:on 20 September 2008. 6963:. 18 September 1992. 6872:By Dominic J. Pulera. 6727:Key Statistics Report 6593:19 April 2021 at the 5782:on 27 September 2007. 5365:"Relative Chronology" 5264:Dark, Ken R. (2003). 5091:"The Ruin of Britain" 5063:Eva Botkin-Kowacki, ' 4281:on 28 September 2008. 4121:The Anglo-Saxon World 4052:The Anglo-Saxon State 3995:10.15184/aqy.2016.193 3955:(in Norwegian Bokmål) 3873:Nature Communications 3796:Nature Communications 3240:Population of England 3185:Old English (Ireland) 2945: 2641: 2588:Roman Catholic Church 2542:is recognised as the 2526: 2476: 2358: 2257: 2215:in the 17th century. 2185:Scots-Irish Americans 2128: 1932:West Lothian question 1595: 1586:Further information: 1536:Further information: 1444: 1431:Further information: 1379: 1333: 1308:Further information: 1245: 1214:Pontic-Caspian Steppe 1166:Further information: 1106: 1027:merged to become the 279:English New Zealander 232:Related ethnic groups 205:Catholic Emancipation 9266:Islands of the Clyde 8960:New Forest Commoners 8673:Rugby Football Union 8341:House of Plantagenet 7929:Blackwell Publishers 7791:Watching the English 7737:on 10 December 2008. 7602:on 15 September 2016 7401:on 18 September 2011 7376:on 11 November 2011. 7372:. UK. Archived from 7034:by Stanley Lieberson 6842:United States census 6564:United States census 6223:. 20 December 2006. 6090:. pp. 192–193. 5623:on 16 December 2010. 5579:The Story of Britain 5455:List of sources used 5423:The Age of Athelstan 5351:Medieval Archaeology 5050:24 July 2013 at the 4973:585, 390–396 (2020) 4474:Macmillan Publishing 4470:The Isles: A History 4382:on 21 December 2016. 4339:. pp. 149–150. 4318:on 6 September 2011. 4169:on 21 September 2010 3510:United States census 3478:. 11 December 2012. 3397:New Zealand European 3308:Early Modern English 3010:The Battle of Maldon 3008:and the fragmentary 2989:The Canterbury Tales 2904:improve this section 2754:Early Modern English 2582:, which is also the 2546:of England, and the 2488:of the realm is the 2486:established religion 2360:William Henry Hudson 2213:Plantation of Ulster 1739:James VI of Scotland 1629:House of Plantagenet 1387:The exact nature of 1250:to Matthew from the 1191:Neolithic Revolution 1138:The Isles: A History 801:World Heritage Sites 195:), as well as other 20:For other uses, see 9652:Irish Sign Language 9509:Kingdom of Scotland 9346:Bailiwick of Jersey 9329:Lists of islands of 8905:Chagossians (Îlois) 8885:Ascension Islanders 8225:Union with Scotland 8205:English Reformation 8200:English Renaissance 8129:Anglo-Saxon England 7496:on 22 November 2010 7059:on 13 December 2017 6934:US Census 2000 data 6844:. 21 September 2023 6757:National Statistics 6634:12 May 2021 at the 6615:21 May 2018 at the 6566:. 21 September 2023 6416:. 16 January 2007. 6193:. 24 October 2006. 5988:. 25 January 2007. 5900:on 11 February 2010 5868:Postwar immigration 5669:, s.v. 'Englishry'. 5480:, 2003. p. 22. 5448:4 July 2017 at the 5250:Stefan Burmeister, 5006:2022Natur.610..112G 4949:10.1038/ncomms10408 4703:. 19 January 2019. 4669:10.1038/nature07331 4661:2008Natur.456...98N 4601:National Geographic 4556:10.1038/nature14317 4548:2015Natur.522..207H 4427:National Statistics 4402:15 May 2011 at the 4218:, pp. 262–290. 4163:"Act of Union 1707" 4102:Duckworth, London. 3893:10.1038/ncomms10326 3885:2016NatCo...710326M 3860:10.1038/ncomms10326 3817:10.1038/ncomms10408 3809:2016NatCo...710408S 3757:10.1038/nature14230 3749:2015Natur.519..309. 3629:. 23 September 2019 3558:. 8 February 2017. 3259:TV programme, 2006) 3215:English nationalism 3065:Christopher Marlowe 3049:William Shakespeare 2612:. According to the 2527:A crowd celebrates 2500:is overseen by the 2469:Religion in England 2250:English Australians 2187:are descendants of 2006: 1924:Scottish Parliament 1657:(a rule by which a 1532:English unification 1518:of Old Norse origin 1451:King of the English 1252:Book of Lindisfarne 1206:Bell Beaker culture 1195:Steppe pastoralists 1181:, descended from a 1043:English nationality 1025:Kingdom of Scotland 967:partially Romanised 293:Part of a series on 225:Religion in England 64: 51:Englander (surname) 9504:Kingdom of Ireland 9487:Kingdom of England 9234:Common Travel Area 9180:Crown Dependencies 9015:Ulster Protestants 8975:Pitcairn Islanders 8920:Falkland Islanders 8754:Saint George's Day 8346:House of Lancaster 8157:Kingdom of England 8058:History of England 7917:Young, Robert J.C. 7787:Fox, Kate (2004). 7703:on 31 October 2012 7364:by Krishnan Kumar" 7104:on 25 March 2009. 6467:10.1057/bp.2009.12 6063:on 7 November 2014 5353:55.1 (2011): 1–28. 5097:. pp. 4–252. 4429:, 21 February 2006 4257:on 14 August 2021. 3988:(354): 1670–1680. 3702:. Etymonline.com. 3377:English Australian 3323:Brythonic language 3195:Culture of England 3020:. For many years, 2994: 2829:possibly contains 2810:English literature 2760:to London and the 2750:North West England 2686:, a member of the 2680: 2537: 2529:Saint George's Day 2498:Anglican Communion 2482: 2451:Culture of England 2364: 2351:English Argentines 2271: 2238:Canada 2016 Census 2142: 2004: 1871:East India Company 1774:Kingdom of Ireland 1743:James I of England 1733:by England by the 1709:St Patrick's Cross 1605: 1597:Battle of Hastings 1455: 1385: 1339: 1299:History of England 1292:History of English 1256: 1148:In December 2010, 1031:. Over the years, 1021:Kingdom of England 1017:Acts of Union 1707 1002:French Protestants 978:Kingdom of England 858:England portal 650:English folk music 553:Saint George's Day 449:Culture of England 267:English Australian 137:40,000–1.6 million 62: 9749: 9748: 9745: 9744: 9670: 9669: 9522: 9521: 9381: 9380: 9242: 9241: 9033: 9032: 9005:Tristan Islanders 8802: 8801: 8769: 8768: 8693: 8692: 8599:Science education 8592:Church of England 8473: 8472: 8420: 8419: 8359: 8358: 8325:Kingdom of Sussex 8320:Kingdom of Mercia 8172:Wars of the Roses 7938:978-1-4051-0129-5 7899:. 1 August 2015. 7884:978-0-14-026723-5 7832:978-0-521-77736-0 7806:978-0-340-81886-2 7593:CAFOD, Ipsos MORI 7533:"Facts and Stats" 7460:Church of England 7094:978-0-662-48324-3 7053:Statistics Canada 6943:, table PHC-T-43. 6759:, 8 January 2004. 6082:Kenny, M (2014). 5855:978-81-7824-154-8 5715:, BBC Worldwide. 5323:Coates, Richard. 5000:(7930): 112–119. 4913:978-1-84529-158-7 4607:on 19 March 2021. 4532:(7555): 207–211. 4346:978-0-19-928071-1 4098:Hills, C. (2003) 3953:sciencenordic.com 3854:7, 10326 (2016). 3743:(7543): 309–314. 3665:978-1-59884-302-6 3596:978-0-621-41388-5 3555:Statistics Canada 3512:. 10 October 2023 3382:English Brazilian 3372:English Argentine 3260: 3245: 3061:Sir Philip Sidney 2940: 2939: 2932: 2874: 2873: 2866: 2831:original research 2762:Great Vowel Shift 2724:dialect levelling 2614:Church of England 2580:Church of England 2490:Church of England 2424:sugar plantations 2384:railway engineers 2232:English Canadians 2130:George Washington 2121:English Americans 2102:England and Wales 2097: 2096: 1984:English Democrats 1827:immigration from 1693:St Andrew's Cross 1682:St George's Cross 1599:, 1066 (from the 1538:Treaty of Wedmore 1336:Sutton Hoo helmet 1334:A replica of the 1318:Sub-Roman Britain 1201:5,000 years ago. 1187:Neolithic farmers 1073:national identity 1061:ethnic minorities 1056:and the present. 1015:citizens. In the 894: 893: 442: 441: 288: 287: 201:Roman Catholicism 9779: 9707:Irish Travellers 9538: 9537: 9534:Modern languages 9531: 9530: 9482:Irish Free State 9439:Northern Ireland 9398: 9397: 9251: 9250: 9159:Northern Ireland 9137:Sovereign states 9133: 9132: 9060: 9053: 9046: 9037: 9036: 8862:British diaspora 8852:English language 8829: 8822: 8815: 8806: 8805: 8782: 8744:Royal supporters 8545:Landscape garden 8515:Country clothing 8488: 8487: 8484: 8483: 8431: 8430: 8370: 8369: 8305:Kingdom of Essex 8068:Local government 8043: 8042: 8022: 8015: 8008: 7999: 7998: 7989: 7974: 7942: 7926: 7912: 7910: 7908: 7888: 7862: 7836: 7810: 7794: 7783: 7781: 7775:. Archived from 7748: 7738: 7733:. Archived from 7713: 7712: 7710: 7708: 7699:. Archived from 7687: 7681: 7675: 7669: 7668: 7645: 7639: 7638: 7636: 7634: 7618: 7612: 7611: 7609: 7607: 7601: 7590: 7582: 7576: 7574: 7572: 7570: 7555: 7549: 7548: 7546: 7544: 7529: 7523: 7521: 7513: 7507: 7505: 7503: 7501: 7485: 7479: 7478: 7476: 7474: 7468: 7457: 7449: 7443: 7442: 7440: 7438: 7417: 7411: 7410: 7408: 7406: 7384: 7378: 7377: 7355: 7349: 7348: 7346: 7344: 7329: 7323: 7322: 7320: 7318: 7312: 7305: 7297: 7291: 7290: 7270: 7264: 7263: 7257: 7255: 7227: 7218: 7217: 7206: 7200: 7187: 7181: 7180: 7178: 7176: 7155: 7149: 7146: 7140: 7139: 7137: 7135: 7116: 7110: 7109: 7103: 7097:. Archived from 7086: 7075: 7069: 7068: 7066: 7064: 7041: 7035: 7022: 7016: 7015: 7013: 7011: 7005: 6994: 6986: 6980: 6979: 6977: 6975: 6969: 6958: 6950: 6944: 6931: 6925: 6920:Mary C. Waters, 6918: 6912: 6905: 6899: 6892: 6886: 6879: 6873: 6860: 6854: 6853: 6851: 6849: 6834: 6828: 6827: 6821: 6819: 6802: 6796: 6795: 6793: 6791: 6785: 6774: 6766: 6760: 6743: 6737: 6724: 6718: 6705: 6699: 6682: 6676: 6675: 6673: 6671: 6657: 6645: 6639: 6626: 6620: 6607: 6598: 6585: 6576: 6575: 6573: 6571: 6556: 6550: 6549: 6547: 6545: 6531: 6525: 6519: 6513: 6512: 6510: 6508: 6485: 6479: 6478: 6454:British Politics 6448: 6442: 6436: 6430: 6429: 6427: 6425: 6406: 6400: 6399: 6397: 6395: 6389: 6382: 6373: 6367: 6366: 6346: 6340: 6339: 6328: 6322: 6316: 6310: 6309: 6307: 6305: 6289: 6283: 6282: 6280: 6278: 6272: 6265: 6256: 6250: 6243: 6237: 6236: 6234: 6232: 6213: 6207: 6206: 6204: 6202: 6183: 6177: 6176: 6174: 6172: 6153: 6147: 6146: 6144: 6142: 6120: 6114: 6108: 6102: 6101: 6079: 6073: 6072: 6070: 6068: 6062: 6056:. Archived from 6051: 6040: 6034: 6033: 6031: 6029: 6008: 6002: 6001: 5999: 5997: 5978: 5969: 5968: 5966: 5964: 5942: 5936: 5935: 5933: 5931: 5916: 5910: 5909: 5907: 5905: 5893:Evening Standard 5884: 5878: 5865: 5859: 5858: 5841: 5835: 5820: 5811: 5804:, Owen Bowcott, 5790: 5784: 5783: 5778:. Archived from 5772: 5766: 5765: 5763: 5761: 5746: 5740: 5730: 5724: 5706: 5700: 5699: 5697: 5695: 5676: 5670: 5664: 5658: 5657: 5655: 5653: 5631: 5625: 5624: 5619:. Archived from 5617:Heritage History 5609: 5603: 5595: 5589: 5572: 5566: 5543: 5537: 5536: 5534: 5532: 5513: 5507: 5506: 5504: 5502: 5487: 5481: 5471: 5465: 5439: 5433: 5420: 5414: 5413: 5411: 5409: 5393: 5387: 5386: 5384: 5382: 5376: 5369: 5360: 5354: 5347: 5341: 5340: 5338: 5336: 5320: 5314: 5307: 5301: 5296:Toby F. Martin, 5294: 5288: 5287: 5285: 5283: 5277: 5270: 5261: 5255: 5248: 5242: 5225: 5219: 5218: 5216: 5214: 5192: 5186: 5179: 5173: 5170: 5164: 5157: 5151: 5136: 5130: 5117: 5111: 5110: 5108: 5106: 5086: 5080: 5061: 5055: 5042: 5036: 5035: 5025: 4983: 4977: 4967: 4961: 4957: 4951: 4924: 4918: 4917: 4895: 4889: 4888: 4886: 4884: 4878: 4871: 4863: 4857: 4856: 4854: 4852: 4834: 4825:(7): 1008–1021. 4808: 4802: 4801: 4791: 4756: 4750: 4749: 4747: 4745: 4723: 4717: 4716: 4714: 4712: 4697: 4691: 4690: 4680: 4655:(7218): 98–101. 4637: 4628: 4627: 4615: 4609: 4608: 4603:. Archived from 4592: 4586: 4585: 4575: 4541: 4514: 4505: 4504: 4494: 4488: 4487: 4465: 4459: 4452:Taylor, A. J. P. 4449: 4443: 4437: 4431: 4414:"78 per cent of 4412: 4406: 4396:Briefing No. 7. 4390: 4384: 4383: 4378:. Archived from 4365: 4359: 4358: 4349:. Archived from 4326: 4320: 4319: 4314:. Archived from 4301: 4295: 4289: 4283: 4282: 4265: 4259: 4258: 4241: 4235: 4225: 4219: 4213: 4207: 4199: 4193: 4185: 4179: 4178: 4176: 4174: 4159: 4153: 4152: 4147: 4145: 4130: 4124: 4117: 4111: 4096: 4090: 4089: 4087: 4078:(462): 513–533. 4061: 4055: 4048: 4042: 4041: 4039: 4037: 4032:. 31 August 2019 4022: 4016: 4015: 3997: 3971: 3965: 3964: 3962: 3960: 3944: 3938: 3921: 3915: 3914: 3904: 3848: 3839: 3838: 3828: 3785: 3779: 3778: 3768: 3725: 3716: 3715: 3713: 3711: 3692: 3686: 3685: 3679: 3677: 3645: 3639: 3638: 3636: 3634: 3619: 3610: 3607: 3605: 3588: 3578: 3572: 3571: 3569: 3567: 3546: 3540: 3539: 3528: 3522: 3521: 3519: 3517: 3502: 3496: 3495: 3489: 3487: 3464: 3443: 3440: 3434: 3431: 3425: 3414: 3392:English Canadian 3367:English American 3318:Cornish language 3313:Cumbric language 3288:English language 3254: 3243: 3210:English folklore 3170:English diaspora 3163: 3158: 3157: 3156: 3125:J. R. R. Tolkien 3038:Geoffrey Chaucer 2981: 2978: 2974: 2973: 2970: 2969: 2966: 2963: 2960: 2957: 2947:Geoffrey Chaucer 2935: 2928: 2924: 2921: 2915: 2884: 2876: 2869: 2862: 2858: 2855: 2849: 2846:inline citations 2822: 2821: 2814: 2744:, was spoken in 2684:English language 2676: 2670: 2664: 2658: 2586:, 9.6% with the 2533:Trafalgar Square 2436:English Chileans 2287:north of England 2193:Northern English 2007: 2003: 2000:English diaspora 1994:English diaspora 1782:Irish Free State 1679: 1467:Alfred the Great 1448: 1403:aduentus Saxonum 1212:people from the 1179:hunter-gatherers 1096: 959:Southern Britain 940:Germanic peoples 929: 914:English language 912:, who speak the 886: 879: 872: 856: 855: 854: 660:Long Sword dance 568:Harvest Festival 563:Guy Fawkes Night 558:Commonwealth Day 498:Country clothing 460: 451: 444: 443: 434: 427: 420: 309: 290: 289: 271:English Canadian 263:English American 213:Islam in England 179:, traditionally 92:English diaspora 73:United Kingdom: 65: 61: 54: 47: 40: 9787: 9786: 9782: 9781: 9780: 9778: 9777: 9776: 9752: 9751: 9750: 9741: 9697:English Gypsies 9666: 9635: 9597: 9578:Scottish Gaelic 9559: 9518: 9470: 9412: 9389: 9377: 9324: 9320:Isles of Scilly 9261:Channel Islands 9238: 9202: 9174: 9124: 9069: 9064: 9034: 9029: 8980:Saint Helenians 8866: 8838: 8833: 8803: 8798: 8785: 8778: 8765: 8739:Royal standards 8689: 8608: 8469: 8416: 8355: 8329: 8293: 8267: 8234: 8210:Elizabethan era 8176: 8162:Norman Conquest 8145: 8097: 8083:English society 8032: 8026: 7982: 7977: 7971: 7945: 7939: 7915: 7906: 7904: 7885: 7865: 7833: 7807: 7786: 7779: 7746: 7725: 7721: 7716: 7706: 7704: 7689: 7688: 7684: 7676: 7672: 7665: 7646: 7642: 7632: 7630: 7619: 7615: 7605: 7603: 7599: 7588: 7584: 7583: 7579: 7568: 7566: 7557: 7556: 7552: 7542: 7540: 7531: 7530: 7526: 7514: 7510: 7499: 7497: 7488: 7486: 7482: 7472: 7470: 7469:on 8 April 2016 7466: 7455: 7451: 7450: 7446: 7436: 7434: 7419: 7418: 7414: 7404: 7402: 7385: 7381: 7356: 7352: 7342: 7340: 7331: 7330: 7326: 7316: 7314: 7310: 7303: 7299: 7298: 7294: 7287: 7271: 7267: 7253: 7251: 7244: 7228: 7221: 7208: 7207: 7203: 7199:– Ancestry 2016 7197:Wayback Machine 7188: 7184: 7174: 7172: 7157: 7156: 7152: 7147: 7143: 7133: 7131: 7118: 7117: 7113: 7101: 7095: 7084: 7076: 7072: 7062: 7060: 7045:"Ethnic Origin" 7043: 7042: 7038: 7032:Wayback Machine 7023: 7019: 7009: 7007: 7003: 6992: 6988: 6987: 6983: 6973: 6971: 6967: 6956: 6952: 6951: 6947: 6941:Wayback Machine 6932: 6928: 6919: 6915: 6906: 6902: 6893: 6889: 6880: 6876: 6870:Wayback Machine 6861: 6857: 6847: 6845: 6836: 6835: 6831: 6817: 6815: 6804: 6803: 6799: 6789: 6787: 6783: 6777:Webcitation.org 6772: 6768: 6767: 6763: 6753:Wayback Machine 6744: 6740: 6735:Wayback Machine 6725: 6721: 6716:Wayback Machine 6706: 6702: 6697:Wayback Machine 6683: 6679: 6669: 6667: 6654:Microsoft Excel 6651: 6647: 6646: 6642: 6636:Wayback Machine 6627: 6623: 6617:Wayback Machine 6608: 6601: 6595:Wayback Machine 6586: 6579: 6569: 6567: 6558: 6557: 6553: 6543: 6541: 6533: 6532: 6528: 6520: 6516: 6506: 6504: 6487: 6486: 6482: 6449: 6445: 6437: 6433: 6423: 6421: 6408: 6407: 6403: 6393: 6391: 6387: 6380: 6374: 6370: 6347: 6343: 6330: 6329: 6325: 6317: 6313: 6303: 6301: 6290: 6286: 6276: 6274: 6270: 6263: 6257: 6253: 6244: 6240: 6230: 6228: 6215: 6214: 6210: 6200: 6198: 6185: 6184: 6180: 6170: 6168: 6163:. 1 June 1998. 6155: 6154: 6150: 6140: 6138: 6121: 6117: 6109: 6105: 6098: 6080: 6076: 6066: 6064: 6060: 6049: 6041: 6037: 6027: 6025: 6010: 6009: 6005: 5995: 5993: 5980: 5979: 5972: 5962: 5960: 5943: 5939: 5929: 5927: 5918: 5917: 5913: 5903: 5901: 5886: 5885: 5881: 5875:Wayback Machine 5866: 5862: 5856: 5842: 5838: 5831:Wayback Machine 5821: 5814: 5801:Wayback Machine 5791: 5787: 5774: 5773: 5769: 5759: 5757: 5756:on 14 July 2006 5748: 5747: 5743: 5731: 5727: 5707: 5703: 5693: 5691: 5678: 5677: 5673: 5665: 5661: 5651: 5649: 5633: 5632: 5628: 5611: 5610: 5606: 5596: 5592: 5573: 5569: 5554:Wayback Machine 5544: 5540: 5530: 5528: 5515: 5514: 5510: 5500: 5498: 5488: 5484: 5472: 5468: 5462:Wayback Machine 5450:Wayback Machine 5440: 5436: 5421: 5417: 5407: 5405: 5394: 5390: 5380: 5378: 5374: 5367: 5361: 5357: 5348: 5344: 5334: 5332: 5321: 5317: 5308: 5304: 5295: 5291: 5281: 5279: 5275: 5268: 5262: 5258: 5249: 5245: 5239:Wayback Machine 5226: 5222: 5212: 5210: 5193: 5189: 5180: 5176: 5171: 5167: 5158: 5154: 5137: 5133: 5127:Wayback Machine 5118: 5114: 5104: 5102: 5087: 5083: 5072:Wayback Machine 5062: 5058: 5052:Wayback Machine 5043: 5039: 4984: 4980: 4968: 4964: 4958: 4954: 4941:Wayback Machine 4925: 4921: 4914: 4896: 4892: 4882: 4880: 4876: 4869: 4865: 4864: 4860: 4850: 4848: 4809: 4805: 4757: 4753: 4743: 4741: 4724: 4720: 4710: 4708: 4699: 4698: 4694: 4638: 4631: 4616: 4612: 4593: 4589: 4515: 4508: 4495: 4491: 4484: 4466: 4462: 4450: 4446: 4442:, pp. 1–2. 4438: 4434: 4413: 4409: 4404:Wayback Machine 4391: 4387: 4366: 4362: 4347: 4327: 4323: 4311:The Independent 4302: 4298: 4290: 4286: 4267: 4266: 4262: 4243: 4242: 4238: 4226: 4222: 4214: 4210: 4200: 4196: 4186: 4182: 4172: 4170: 4161: 4160: 4156: 4143: 4141: 4132: 4131: 4127: 4118: 4114: 4097: 4093: 4062: 4058: 4049: 4045: 4035: 4033: 4024: 4023: 4019: 3972: 3968: 3958: 3956: 3945: 3941: 3936:Wayback Machine 3922: 3918: 3849: 3842: 3786: 3782: 3726: 3719: 3709: 3707: 3694: 3693: 3689: 3675: 3673: 3666: 3646: 3642: 3632: 3630: 3621: 3620: 3613: 3603: 3597: 3586: 3580: 3579: 3575: 3565: 3563: 3548: 3547: 3543: 3530: 3529: 3525: 3515: 3513: 3504: 3503: 3499: 3485: 3483: 3466: 3465: 3461: 3457: 3452: 3447: 3446: 3441: 3437: 3432: 3428: 3415: 3411: 3406: 3401: 3387:English Chilean 3327: 3273: 3159: 3154: 3152: 3149: 3092:Charles Dickens 3088:Agatha Christie 3045:Elizabethan era 3030:medieval period 2979: 2954: 2950: 2936: 2925: 2919: 2916: 2901: 2885: 2870: 2859: 2853: 2850: 2835: 2823: 2819: 2812: 2806: 2734:Celtic language 2691:language family 2678: 2677: anomalies 2674: 2672: 2668: 2666: 2662: 2660: 2656: 2636: 2626: 2606:St George's Day 2556:Edward III 2548:flag of England 2531:at an event in 2510:Lords Spiritual 2478:Wells Cathedral 2471: 2465: 2453: 2447: 2438: 2432: 2390:and to work in 2388:civil engineers 2353: 2347: 2315: 2313:Pākehā settlers 2305: 2252: 2246: 2234: 2228: 2195:(specifically: 2123: 2117: 2090:72,204–210,915 2002: 1996: 1951:Richard English 1900: 1817:Oliver Cromwell 1804: 1794: 1776:, creating the 1758:Treaty of Union 1723: 1722: 1717: 1711: 1706: 1701: 1695: 1690: 1684: 1673: 1667: 1613:French speaking 1601:Bayeux Tapestry 1590: 1584: 1544: 1534: 1439: 1429: 1328: 1322:Ancient Britons 1306: 1301: 1295: 1288: 1240: 1234: 1175: 1170: 1164: 1125:Scotch Canadian 1102:A. J. P. Taylor 1094: 1085: 1045: 994:Norman Conquest 957:who settled in 890: 852: 850: 843: 842: 833:National anthem 818: 817: 806: 805: 796: 795: 784: 783: 729: 728: 717: 716: 687: 686: 675: 674: 635: 634: 632:performing arts 598: 597: 548: 547: 518: 517: 493: 492: 447: 438: 261: 256: 185:non-conformists 76: 75:37.6 million in 74: 60: 55: 48: 41: 19: 17: 12: 11: 5: 9785: 9775: 9774: 9769: 9764: 9762:English people 9747: 9746: 9743: 9742: 9740: 9739: 9734: 9729: 9724: 9722:Northern Irish 9719: 9714: 9709: 9704: 9699: 9694: 9689: 9684: 9678: 9676: 9672: 9671: 9668: 9667: 9665: 9664: 9659: 9654: 9649: 9643: 9641: 9637: 9636: 9634: 9633: 9628: 9623: 9618: 9613: 9607: 9605: 9599: 9598: 9596: 9595: 9590: 9585: 9580: 9575: 9569: 9567: 9561: 9560: 9558: 9557: 9552: 9546: 9544: 9535: 9528: 9524: 9523: 9520: 9519: 9517: 9516: 9511: 9506: 9501: 9496: 9495: 9494: 9484: 9478: 9476: 9472: 9471: 9469: 9468: 9463: 9458: 9453: 9452: 9451: 9446: 9441: 9436: 9429:United Kingdom 9426: 9420: 9418: 9417:Current states 9414: 9413: 9411: 9410: 9404: 9402: 9395: 9383: 9382: 9379: 9378: 9376: 9375: 9374: 9373: 9368: 9363: 9356:United Kingdom 9353: 9348: 9343: 9338: 9332: 9330: 9326: 9325: 9323: 9322: 9317: 9316: 9315: 9310: 9303:Northern Isles 9300: 9295: 9290: 9289: 9288: 9283: 9273: 9268: 9263: 9257: 9255: 9248: 9244: 9243: 9240: 9239: 9237: 9236: 9231: 9226: 9221: 9216: 9210: 9208: 9204: 9203: 9201: 9200: 9195: 9190: 9184: 9182: 9176: 9175: 9173: 9172: 9166: 9161: 9156: 9150:United Kingdom 9147: 9141: 9139: 9130: 9126: 9125: 9123: 9122: 9121: 9120: 9115: 9110: 9105: 9100: 9095: 9090: 9080: 9074: 9071: 9070: 9063: 9062: 9055: 9048: 9040: 9031: 9030: 9028: 9027: 9022: 9017: 9012: 9007: 9002: 8997: 8992: 8987: 8982: 8977: 8972: 8967: 8965:Northern Irish 8962: 8957: 8955:Montserratians 8952: 8947: 8942: 8932: 8927: 8922: 8917: 8912: 8907: 8902: 8897: 8892: 8887: 8882: 8877: 8871: 8868: 8867: 8865: 8864: 8859: 8854: 8849: 8843: 8840: 8839: 8836:British people 8832: 8831: 8824: 8817: 8809: 8800: 8799: 8797: 8796: 8791: 8784: 8783: 8775: 8774: 8771: 8770: 8767: 8766: 8764: 8763: 8758: 8757: 8756: 8746: 8741: 8736: 8731: 8726: 8725: 8724: 8714: 8709: 8703: 8701: 8695: 8694: 8691: 8690: 8688: 8687: 8682: 8681: 8680: 8675: 8665: 8664: 8663: 8658: 8648: 8647: 8646: 8641: 8631: 8630: 8629: 8618: 8616: 8610: 8609: 8607: 8606: 8601: 8596: 8595: 8594: 8584: 8583: 8582: 8572: 8567: 8565:Middle England 8562: 8557: 8552: 8547: 8542: 8537: 8532: 8527: 8522: 8517: 8512: 8507: 8502: 8497: 8491: 8481: 8475: 8474: 8471: 8470: 8468: 8467: 8462: 8457: 8452: 8447: 8446: 8445: 8434: 8428: 8422: 8421: 8418: 8417: 8415: 8414: 8409: 8404: 8399: 8394: 8389: 8384: 8379: 8373: 8367: 8361: 8360: 8357: 8356: 8354: 8353: 8348: 8343: 8337: 8335: 8331: 8330: 8328: 8327: 8322: 8317: 8312: 8307: 8301: 8299: 8298:Prior Kingdoms 8295: 8294: 8292: 8291: 8286: 8281: 8275: 8273: 8269: 8268: 8266: 8265: 8260: 8255: 8250: 8244: 8242: 8236: 8235: 8233: 8232: 8227: 8222: 8217: 8212: 8207: 8202: 8197: 8192: 8186: 8184: 8178: 8177: 8175: 8174: 8169: 8167:Angevin Empire 8164: 8159: 8153: 8151: 8147: 8146: 8144: 8143: 8142: 8141: 8136: 8131: 8121: 8116: 8111: 8105: 8103: 8099: 8098: 8096: 8095: 8093:United Kingdom 8090: 8085: 8080: 8075: 8070: 8065: 8060: 8055: 8049: 8047: 8040: 8034: 8033: 8031: articles 8025: 8024: 8017: 8010: 8002: 7996: 7995: 7992:English people 7981: 7980:External links 7978: 7976: 7975: 7969: 7951: 7950: 7949: 7944: 7943: 7937: 7913: 7889: 7883: 7867:Paxman, Jeremy 7863: 7853:(3): 469–487. 7841:Kumar, Krishan 7837: 7831: 7815:Kumar, Krishan 7811: 7805: 7784: 7759:(2): 123–158. 7739: 7722: 7720: 7717: 7715: 7714: 7682: 7670: 7663: 7640: 7613: 7577: 7550: 7524: 7508: 7480: 7444: 7412: 7379: 7350: 7324: 7292: 7285: 7265: 7243:978-1846318191 7242: 7219: 7201: 7182: 7150: 7141: 7111: 7093: 7070: 7036: 7017: 6981: 6945: 6926: 6913: 6900: 6887: 6874: 6855: 6829: 6797: 6761: 6738: 6719: 6700: 6677: 6640: 6621: 6599: 6577: 6551: 6526: 6524:, p. 478. 6514: 6480: 6461:(3): 363–385. 6443: 6441:, p. 484. 6431: 6401: 6390:on 1 June 2011 6368: 6341: 6323: 6321:, p. 128. 6311: 6284: 6251: 6249:, p. 266) 6238: 6208: 6178: 6148: 6115: 6113:, p. 262. 6103: 6097:978-0198778721 6096: 6074: 6035: 6003: 5970: 5937: 5911: 5879: 5860: 5854: 5836: 5824:Black Presence 5812: 5785: 5767: 5741: 5725: 5701: 5671: 5659: 5626: 5604: 5590: 5567: 5538: 5508: 5482: 5466: 5434: 5415: 5396:Fox, Bethany. 5388: 5355: 5342: 5315: 5302: 5289: 5256: 5243: 5220: 5187: 5174: 5165: 5152: 5131: 5112: 5095:Tertullian.org 5081: 5074:' (20/01/16), 5056: 5037: 4978: 4962: 4952: 4926:Schiffels, S. 4919: 4912: 4890: 4858: 4803: 4774:(2): 711–722. 4751: 4718: 4692: 4629: 4610: 4587: 4506: 4489: 4483:978-0333692837 4482: 4460: 4444: 4432: 4407: 4385: 4360: 4345: 4321: 4296: 4284: 4260: 4236: 4220: 4208: 4194: 4180: 4154: 4125: 4112: 4091: 4056: 4043: 4017: 3966: 3939: 3916: 3840: 3780: 3717: 3687: 3664: 3640: 3611: 3595: 3573: 3541: 3536:www.abs.gov.au 3523: 3497: 3472:www.ons.gov.uk 3458: 3456: 3453: 3451: 3448: 3445: 3444: 3435: 3426: 3408: 3407: 3405: 3402: 3400: 3399: 3394: 3389: 3384: 3379: 3374: 3369: 3364: 3359: 3354: 3349: 3344: 3339: 3333: 3326: 3325: 3320: 3315: 3310: 3305: 3303:Middle English 3300: 3295: 3290: 3285: 3279: 3272: 3271: 3266: 3261: 3246: 3237: 3232: 3227: 3222: 3217: 3212: 3207: 3202: 3197: 3192: 3190:Celtic peoples 3187: 3182: 3177: 3175:British people 3172: 3166: 3165: 3164: 3161:England portal 3148: 3145: 3133:Philip Pullman 3080:Arnold Bennett 3057:Edmund Spenser 3034:Middle English 2938: 2937: 2888: 2886: 2879: 2872: 2871: 2826: 2824: 2817: 2808:Main article: 2805: 2802: 2766:British Empire 2758:printing press 2695:Middle English 2673: 2667: 2661: 2655: 2625: 2622: 2560:St Edmund 2514:House of Lords 2467:Main article: 2464: 2461: 2449:Main article: 2446: 2443: 2434:Main article: 2431: 2428: 2349:Main article: 2346: 2343: 2304: 2301: 2265:, 1st and 2nd 2248:Main article: 2245: 2242: 2230:Main article: 2227: 2224: 2205:Northumberland 2150:White American 2136:, had English 2119:Main article: 2116: 2113: 2095: 2094: 2091: 2088: 2085: 2079: 2078: 2075: 2072: 2069: 2063: 2062: 2059: 2056: 2053: 2049: 2048: 2045: 2042: 2041:United States 2039: 2035: 2034: 2031: 2028: 2025: 2021: 2020: 2017: 2014: 2011: 1998:Main article: 1995: 1992: 1899: 1896: 1865:, and a small 1793: 1790: 1752:by passing an 1720:United Kingdom 1718: 1707: 1702: 1691: 1680: 1669:Main article: 1666: 1665:United Kingdom 1663: 1633:Angevin Empire 1583: 1580: 1562:. The English 1548:petty kingdoms 1533: 1530: 1477:(for example, 1428: 1425: 1382:petty kingdoms 1371:Burgh-by-Sands 1358:Romano-British 1326:Romano-Britons 1305: 1302: 1297:Main article: 1287: 1284: 1236:Main article: 1233: 1230: 1174: 1171: 1163: 1160: 1150:Matthew Parris 1123:, by origin a 1084: 1081: 1054:British Empire 1044: 1041: 970:Celtic Britons 898:English people 892: 891: 889: 888: 881: 874: 866: 863: 862: 861: 860: 845: 844: 841: 840: 835: 830: 825: 819: 813: 812: 811: 808: 807: 804: 803: 797: 791: 790: 789: 786: 785: 782: 781: 776: 771: 766: 761: 756: 751: 746: 741: 736: 730: 724: 723: 722: 719: 718: 715: 714: 709: 704: 699: 694: 688: 682: 681: 680: 677: 676: 673: 672: 667: 662: 657: 652: 647: 642: 636: 626: 625: 624: 621: 620: 614: 613: 607: 606: 600: 599: 596: 595: 590: 585: 580: 575: 570: 565: 560: 555: 549: 543: 542: 541: 538: 537: 531: 530: 520: 519: 516: 515: 510: 508:Morris Dancing 505: 500: 494: 488: 487: 486: 483: 482: 476: 475: 469: 468: 462: 461: 453: 452: 440: 439: 437: 436: 429: 422: 414: 411: 410: 409: 408: 403: 398: 393: 388: 383: 378: 373: 365: 364: 360: 359: 353: 352: 346: 345: 339: 338: 332: 331: 325: 324: 318: 317: 311: 310: 302: 301: 299:English people 295: 294: 286: 285: 258: 257: 255: 254: 249: 247:Celtic Britons 244: 242:British people 237: 234: 233: 229: 228: 173: 172: 168: 167: 157: 156: 152: 151: 145: 141: 140: 134: 130: 129: 123: 119: 118: 112: 108: 107: 101: 97: 96: 86: 85: 70: 69: 63:English people 58: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9784: 9773: 9770: 9768: 9765: 9763: 9760: 9759: 9757: 9738: 9735: 9733: 9730: 9728: 9725: 9723: 9720: 9718: 9715: 9713: 9710: 9708: 9705: 9703: 9700: 9698: 9695: 9693: 9690: 9688: 9685: 9683: 9680: 9679: 9677: 9673: 9663: 9660: 9658: 9655: 9653: 9650: 9648: 9645: 9644: 9642: 9638: 9632: 9629: 9627: 9624: 9622: 9619: 9617: 9614: 9612: 9609: 9608: 9606: 9604: 9600: 9594: 9591: 9589: 9586: 9584: 9581: 9579: 9576: 9574: 9571: 9570: 9568: 9566: 9562: 9556: 9553: 9551: 9548: 9547: 9545: 9543: 9539: 9536: 9532: 9529: 9525: 9515: 9512: 9510: 9507: 9505: 9502: 9500: 9497: 9493: 9490: 9489: 9488: 9485: 9483: 9480: 9479: 9477: 9475:Former states 9473: 9467: 9464: 9462: 9459: 9457: 9454: 9450: 9447: 9445: 9442: 9440: 9437: 9435: 9432: 9431: 9430: 9427: 9425: 9422: 9421: 9419: 9415: 9409: 9406: 9405: 9403: 9401:Island groups 9399: 9396: 9393: 9388: 9384: 9372: 9369: 9367: 9364: 9362: 9359: 9358: 9357: 9354: 9352: 9349: 9347: 9344: 9342: 9339: 9337: 9334: 9333: 9331: 9327: 9321: 9318: 9314: 9311: 9309: 9306: 9305: 9304: 9301: 9299: 9296: 9294: 9291: 9287: 9284: 9282: 9279: 9278: 9277: 9274: 9272: 9271:Great Britain 9269: 9267: 9264: 9262: 9259: 9258: 9256: 9254:Island groups 9252: 9249: 9245: 9235: 9232: 9230: 9227: 9225: 9222: 9220: 9217: 9215: 9212: 9211: 9209: 9205: 9199: 9196: 9194: 9191: 9189: 9186: 9185: 9183: 9181: 9177: 9170: 9167: 9165: 9162: 9160: 9157: 9155: 9151: 9148: 9146: 9143: 9142: 9140: 9138: 9134: 9131: 9127: 9119: 9116: 9114: 9111: 9109: 9106: 9104: 9101: 9099: 9096: 9094: 9091: 9089: 9086: 9085: 9084: 9081: 9079: 9076: 9075: 9072: 9068: 9067:British Isles 9061: 9056: 9054: 9049: 9047: 9042: 9041: 9038: 9026: 9023: 9021: 9018: 9016: 9013: 9011: 9008: 9006: 9003: 9001: 9000:Spanish Brits 8998: 8996: 8993: 8991: 8988: 8986: 8983: 8981: 8978: 8976: 8973: 8971: 8968: 8966: 8963: 8961: 8958: 8956: 8953: 8951: 8948: 8946: 8943: 8940: 8936: 8933: 8931: 8928: 8926: 8925:Gibraltarians 8923: 8921: 8918: 8916: 8913: 8911: 8908: 8906: 8903: 8901: 8898: 8896: 8893: 8891: 8888: 8886: 8883: 8881: 8878: 8876: 8873: 8872: 8869: 8863: 8860: 8858: 8855: 8853: 8850: 8848: 8845: 8844: 8841: 8837: 8830: 8825: 8823: 8818: 8816: 8811: 8810: 8807: 8795: 8792: 8790: 8787: 8786: 8781: 8777: 8776: 8772: 8762: 8759: 8755: 8752: 8751: 8750: 8747: 8745: 8742: 8740: 8737: 8735: 8732: 8730: 8727: 8723: 8722:national flag 8720: 8719: 8718: 8715: 8713: 8710: 8708: 8705: 8704: 8702: 8700: 8696: 8686: 8683: 8679: 8678:national team 8676: 8674: 8671: 8670: 8669: 8666: 8662: 8661:national team 8659: 8657: 8654: 8653: 8652: 8649: 8645: 8644:national team 8642: 8640: 8637: 8636: 8635: 8632: 8628: 8627:national team 8625: 8624: 8623: 8620: 8619: 8617: 8615: 8611: 8605: 8602: 8600: 8597: 8593: 8590: 8589: 8588: 8585: 8581: 8578: 8577: 8576: 8573: 8571: 8568: 8566: 8563: 8561: 8558: 8556: 8553: 8551: 8548: 8546: 8543: 8541: 8538: 8536: 8533: 8531: 8528: 8526: 8523: 8521: 8518: 8516: 8513: 8511: 8508: 8506: 8503: 8501: 8498: 8496: 8495:Afternoon tea 8493: 8492: 8489: 8485: 8482: 8480: 8476: 8466: 8463: 8461: 8458: 8456: 8453: 8451: 8448: 8444: 8441: 8440: 8439: 8436: 8435: 8432: 8429: 8427: 8423: 8413: 8410: 8408: 8405: 8403: 8400: 8398: 8395: 8393: 8390: 8388: 8385: 8383: 8380: 8378: 8375: 8374: 8371: 8368: 8366: 8362: 8352: 8351:House of York 8349: 8347: 8344: 8342: 8339: 8338: 8336: 8332: 8326: 8323: 8321: 8318: 8316: 8313: 8311: 8308: 8306: 8303: 8302: 8300: 8296: 8290: 8287: 8285: 8282: 8280: 8277: 8276: 8274: 8270: 8264: 8261: 8259: 8258:Edwardian era 8256: 8254: 8253:Victorian era 8251: 8249: 8246: 8245: 8243: 8241: 8237: 8231: 8228: 8226: 8223: 8221: 8218: 8216: 8213: 8211: 8208: 8206: 8203: 8201: 8198: 8196: 8195:Stuart period 8193: 8191: 8188: 8187: 8185: 8183: 8179: 8173: 8170: 8168: 8165: 8163: 8160: 8158: 8155: 8154: 8152: 8148: 8140: 8137: 8135: 8132: 8130: 8127: 8126: 8125: 8122: 8120: 8117: 8115: 8114:Roman Britain 8112: 8110: 8107: 8106: 8104: 8100: 8094: 8091: 8089: 8088:British Isles 8086: 8084: 8081: 8079: 8076: 8074: 8071: 8069: 8066: 8064: 8061: 8059: 8056: 8054: 8051: 8050: 8048: 8044: 8041: 8039: 8035: 8030: 8023: 8018: 8016: 8011: 8009: 8004: 8003: 8000: 7993: 7988: 7984: 7983: 7972: 7970:9781781387061 7966: 7962: 7958: 7953: 7952: 7947: 7946: 7940: 7934: 7930: 7925: 7924: 7918: 7914: 7902: 7898: 7894: 7890: 7886: 7880: 7876: 7875:Penguin Books 7872: 7868: 7864: 7860: 7856: 7852: 7848: 7847: 7842: 7838: 7834: 7828: 7824: 7820: 7816: 7812: 7808: 7802: 7798: 7793: 7792: 7785: 7778: 7774: 7770: 7766: 7762: 7758: 7754: 7753: 7745: 7740: 7736: 7732: 7728: 7724: 7723: 7702: 7698: 7697: 7692: 7686: 7679: 7674: 7666: 7664:3-631-33066-9 7660: 7656: 7650: 7644: 7628: 7624: 7617: 7598: 7594: 7587: 7581: 7564: 7560: 7554: 7538: 7534: 7528: 7519: 7512: 7495: 7491: 7490:"Life Events" 7484: 7465: 7461: 7454: 7448: 7432: 7428: 7427: 7422: 7416: 7400: 7396: 7395: 7390: 7383: 7375: 7371: 7370: 7369:The Spectator 7365: 7363: 7354: 7338: 7334: 7328: 7309: 7302: 7296: 7288: 7286:9781846318191 7282: 7278: 7277: 7269: 7261: 7249: 7245: 7239: 7235: 7234: 7226: 7224: 7215: 7211: 7205: 7198: 7194: 7191: 7186: 7170: 7166: 7165: 7160: 7154: 7145: 7129: 7125: 7121: 7115: 7108: 7100: 7096: 7090: 7083: 7082: 7074: 7058: 7054: 7050: 7046: 7040: 7033: 7029: 7026: 7021: 7002: 6998: 6991: 6985: 6966: 6962: 6955: 6949: 6942: 6938: 6935: 6930: 6923: 6917: 6910: 6904: 6897: 6891: 6884: 6878: 6871: 6867: 6864: 6859: 6843: 6839: 6833: 6825: 6813: 6809: 6808: 6801: 6782: 6778: 6771: 6765: 6758: 6754: 6750: 6747: 6742: 6736: 6732: 6728: 6723: 6717: 6713: 6709: 6704: 6698: 6694: 6691:; see p. 43) 6690: 6686: 6681: 6665: 6661: 6655: 6650: 6644: 6637: 6633: 6630: 6625: 6619:– 2016 Census 6618: 6614: 6611: 6606: 6604: 6596: 6592: 6589: 6584: 6582: 6565: 6561: 6555: 6540: 6536: 6530: 6523: 6518: 6502: 6498: 6494: 6493:Election 2010 6490: 6484: 6476: 6472: 6468: 6464: 6460: 6456: 6455: 6447: 6440: 6435: 6419: 6415: 6411: 6405: 6386: 6379: 6372: 6364: 6360: 6356: 6352: 6345: 6337: 6333: 6327: 6320: 6315: 6299: 6295: 6288: 6269: 6262: 6255: 6248: 6242: 6226: 6222: 6218: 6212: 6196: 6192: 6188: 6182: 6166: 6162: 6158: 6152: 6136: 6132: 6131: 6126: 6119: 6112: 6107: 6099: 6093: 6089: 6085: 6078: 6059: 6055: 6048: 6047: 6039: 6023: 6019: 6018: 6013: 6007: 5991: 5987: 5986:The Economist 5983: 5977: 5975: 5958: 5954: 5953: 5948: 5941: 5925: 5921: 5915: 5899: 5895: 5894: 5889: 5883: 5876: 5872: 5869: 5864: 5857: 5851: 5847: 5840: 5833: 5832: 5828: 5825: 5819: 5817: 5809: 5808: 5803: 5802: 5798: 5795: 5789: 5781: 5777: 5771: 5755: 5751: 5745: 5738: 5737:Jeremy Paxman 5734: 5729: 5722: 5721:0-563-53747-7 5718: 5714: 5710: 5705: 5689: 5685: 5681: 5675: 5668: 5663: 5647: 5643: 5641: 5636: 5630: 5622: 5618: 5614: 5608: 5601: 5600: 5594: 5588: 5587:0-297-83311-1 5584: 5581:, Artus 1979 5580: 5576: 5571: 5564: 5560: 5556: 5555: 5551: 5548: 5542: 5526: 5522: 5518: 5512: 5497: 5493: 5486: 5479: 5475: 5470: 5463: 5459: 5456: 5452: 5451: 5447: 5444: 5438: 5432: 5431:0-7524-2566-8 5428: 5424: 5419: 5403: 5399: 5392: 5373: 5366: 5359: 5352: 5346: 5330: 5326: 5319: 5312: 5306: 5299: 5293: 5274: 5267: 5260: 5253: 5247: 5240: 5236: 5233: 5229: 5228:Todd, Malcolm 5224: 5208: 5204: 5203: 5198: 5191: 5184: 5178: 5169: 5162: 5156: 5149: 5148:0-00-712693-X 5145: 5141: 5140:Francis Pryor 5135: 5128: 5124: 5121: 5116: 5100: 5096: 5092: 5085: 5079: 5078: 5073: 5069: 5066: 5060: 5053: 5049: 5046: 5041: 5033: 5029: 5024: 5019: 5015: 5011: 5007: 5003: 4999: 4995: 4994: 4989: 4982: 4976: 4972: 4966: 4956: 4950: 4946: 4942: 4938: 4935: 4934: 4929: 4923: 4915: 4909: 4905: 4901: 4894: 4875: 4868: 4862: 4846: 4842: 4838: 4833: 4828: 4824: 4820: 4819: 4814: 4807: 4799: 4795: 4790: 4785: 4781: 4777: 4773: 4769: 4768: 4763: 4755: 4739: 4735: 4734: 4729: 4722: 4706: 4702: 4696: 4688: 4684: 4679: 4674: 4670: 4666: 4662: 4658: 4654: 4650: 4649: 4644: 4636: 4634: 4625: 4621: 4614: 4606: 4602: 4598: 4591: 4583: 4579: 4574: 4569: 4565: 4561: 4557: 4553: 4549: 4545: 4540: 4535: 4531: 4527: 4526: 4521: 4513: 4511: 4502: 4501: 4500:The Spectator 4493: 4485: 4479: 4475: 4471: 4464: 4457: 4453: 4448: 4441: 4436: 4430: 4428: 4422: 4417: 4411: 4405: 4401: 4398: 4395: 4389: 4381: 4377: 4376: 4371: 4364: 4356: 4352: 4348: 4342: 4338: 4334: 4333: 4325: 4317: 4313: 4312: 4307: 4300: 4293: 4288: 4280: 4276: 4275: 4274:The Economist 4270: 4264: 4256: 4252: 4251: 4246: 4240: 4233: 4229: 4224: 4217: 4212: 4205: 4204: 4198: 4191: 4190: 4184: 4168: 4164: 4158: 4151: 4139: 4135: 4129: 4122: 4116: 4109: 4108:0-7156-3191-8 4105: 4101: 4095: 4086: 4081: 4077: 4073: 4072: 4067: 4060: 4053: 4047: 4031: 4027: 4021: 4013: 4009: 4005: 4001: 3996: 3991: 3987: 3983: 3982: 3977: 3970: 3954: 3950: 3943: 3937: 3933: 3930: 3926: 3920: 3912: 3908: 3903: 3898: 3894: 3890: 3886: 3882: 3878: 3874: 3870: 3866: 3861: 3857: 3853: 3847: 3845: 3836: 3832: 3827: 3822: 3818: 3814: 3810: 3806: 3802: 3798: 3797: 3792: 3784: 3776: 3772: 3767: 3762: 3758: 3754: 3750: 3746: 3742: 3738: 3737: 3732: 3724: 3722: 3705: 3701: 3697: 3691: 3683: 3671: 3667: 3661: 3657: 3653: 3652: 3644: 3628: 3624: 3618: 3616: 3602: 3598: 3592: 3585: 3584: 3577: 3561: 3557: 3556: 3551: 3545: 3537: 3533: 3527: 3511: 3507: 3501: 3494: 3481: 3477: 3473: 3469: 3463: 3459: 3439: 3430: 3423: 3419: 3413: 3409: 3398: 3395: 3393: 3390: 3388: 3385: 3383: 3380: 3378: 3375: 3373: 3370: 3368: 3365: 3363: 3360: 3358: 3355: 3353: 3350: 3348: 3345: 3343: 3342:Anglo-Burmese 3340: 3338: 3335: 3334: 3332: 3331: 3324: 3321: 3319: 3316: 3314: 3311: 3309: 3306: 3304: 3301: 3299: 3296: 3294: 3291: 3289: 3286: 3284: 3283:Anglicisation 3281: 3280: 3278: 3277: 3270: 3269:White British 3267: 3265: 3262: 3258: 3252: 3251: 3247: 3241: 3238: 3236: 3233: 3231: 3228: 3226: 3223: 3221: 3218: 3216: 3213: 3211: 3208: 3206: 3203: 3201: 3198: 3196: 3193: 3191: 3188: 3186: 3183: 3181: 3178: 3176: 3173: 3171: 3168: 3167: 3162: 3151: 3144: 3142: 3141:J. K. Rowling 3138: 3137:Douglas Adams 3134: 3130: 3126: 3122: 3121: 3116: 3113:In 2003, the 3111: 3109: 3105: 3104:George Orwell 3101: 3100:A. E. Housman 3097: 3093: 3089: 3085: 3084:Rupert Brooke 3081: 3077: 3072: 3070: 3066: 3062: 3058: 3054: 3050: 3046: 3041: 3039: 3035: 3031: 3027: 3023: 3019: 3015: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2999: 2991: 2990: 2985: 2972: 2948: 2944: 2934: 2931: 2923: 2920:February 2020 2913: 2909: 2905: 2899: 2898: 2894: 2889:This section 2887: 2883: 2878: 2877: 2868: 2865: 2857: 2854:February 2020 2847: 2843: 2839: 2833: 2832: 2827:This section 2825: 2816: 2815: 2811: 2801: 2799: 2795: 2791: 2787: 2786:communication 2783: 2779: 2775: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2743: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2727: 2725: 2721: 2717: 2716: 2710: 2708: 2704: 2700: 2696: 2692: 2689: 2688:West Germanic 2685: 2653: 2649: 2645: 2640: 2635: 2631: 2621: 2619: 2615: 2611: 2607: 2602: 2600: 2596: 2593: 2589: 2585: 2581: 2577: 2574:on behalf of 2573: 2569: 2565: 2564:St Alban 2561: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2534: 2530: 2525: 2521: 2519: 2518:parish church 2515: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2502:General Synod 2499: 2495: 2491: 2487: 2479: 2475: 2470: 2460: 2458: 2452: 2442: 2437: 2427: 2425: 2421: 2417: 2413: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2393: 2389: 2385: 2381: 2376: 2373: 2369: 2361: 2357: 2352: 2342: 2340: 2336: 2331: 2329: 2325: 2321: 2314: 2310: 2300: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2288: 2284: 2280: 2279:British Isles 2276: 2268: 2264: 2263:Alfred Deakin 2260: 2259:Edmund Barton 2256: 2251: 2241: 2239: 2233: 2223: 2220: 2216: 2214: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2197:County Durham 2194: 2190: 2189:Lowland Scots 2186: 2182: 2177: 2175: 2171: 2167: 2162: 2160: 2155: 2151: 2147: 2139: 2135: 2131: 2127: 2122: 2115:United States 2112: 2110: 2109:Western world 2105: 2103: 2092: 2089: 2086: 2084: 2081: 2080: 2076: 2073: 2070: 2068: 2065: 2064: 2060: 2057: 2054: 2051: 2050: 2046: 2043: 2040: 2037: 2036: 2032: 2029: 2026: 2023: 2022: 2018: 2015: 2012: 2009: 2008: 2001: 1991: 1989: 1985: 1981: 1980: 1976: 1971: 1969: 1963: 1961: 1957: 1952: 1947: 1943: 1941: 1937: 1933: 1929: 1925: 1921: 1916: 1914: 1910: 1906: 1895: 1891: 1888: 1884: 1880: 1876: 1872: 1868: 1864: 1860: 1855: 1853: 1849: 1845: 1841: 1840:Protestantism 1837: 1832: 1830: 1826: 1822: 1818: 1814: 1810: 1803: 1799: 1789: 1785: 1783: 1779: 1775: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1746: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1721: 1715: 1710: 1705: 1704:Great Britain 1699: 1694: 1688: 1683: 1678: 1672: 1662: 1660: 1656: 1655: 1649: 1646: 1641: 1636: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1622: 1617: 1614: 1610: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1589: 1579: 1577: 1576:Eamont Bridge 1573: 1568: 1565: 1561: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1543: 1539: 1529: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1486: 1484: 1480: 1474: 1472: 1468: 1464: 1463:British Isles 1460: 1452: 1445:Æthelred II ( 1443: 1438: 1434: 1424: 1420: 1417: 1411: 1409: 1405: 1404: 1399: 1395: 1390: 1383: 1378: 1374: 1372: 1368: 1363: 1359: 1354: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1337: 1332: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1314:Roman Britain 1311: 1300: 1293: 1283: 1281: 1280:Celtic Briton 1276: 1272: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1253: 1249: 1244: 1239: 1229: 1225: 1223: 1222:British Isles 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1202: 1200: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1180: 1169: 1159: 1157: 1156: 1155:The Spectator 1151: 1146: 1144: 1143:Norman Davies 1140: 1139: 1132: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1113: 1112: 1105: 1103: 1098: 1091: 1090:Krishan Kumar 1080: 1078: 1074: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1057: 1055: 1051: 1040: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1014: 1010: 1005: 1003: 999: 995: 991: 987: 983: 979: 975: 971: 968: 964: 960: 956: 952: 947: 945: 941: 937: 933: 928: 923: 919: 918:West Germanic 915: 911: 907: 903: 899: 887: 882: 880: 875: 873: 868: 867: 865: 864: 859: 849: 848: 847: 846: 839: 836: 834: 831: 829: 826: 824: 821: 820: 816: 810: 809: 802: 799: 798: 794: 788: 787: 780: 777: 775: 772: 770: 767: 765: 762: 760: 757: 755: 752: 750: 747: 745: 742: 740: 737: 735: 732: 731: 727: 721: 720: 713: 710: 708: 705: 703: 700: 698: 695: 693: 690: 689: 685: 679: 678: 671: 668: 666: 663: 661: 658: 656: 655:Garland dance 653: 651: 648: 646: 645:Country dance 643: 641: 638: 637: 633: 629: 623: 622: 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38: 36: 31: 27: 23: 9732:Ulster-Scots 9691: 9020:Ulster Scots 8914: 8749:Saint George 8712:Coat of arms 8651:Rugby league 8604:Sunday Roast 8574: 8525:Demographics 8455:Independence 8272:Contemporary 8230:Georgian era 8215:Jacobean era 8190:Tudor period 8182:Early Modern 7994:at Wikiquote 7956: 7922: 7905:. 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Retrieved 3471: 3462: 3438: 3429: 3421: 3412: 3352:Anglo-Indian 3347:Metis people 3329: 3328: 3275: 3274: 3250:100% English 3248: 3120:The Big Read 3118: 3112: 3096:Thomas Hardy 3073: 3053:Thomas Nashe 3042: 3018:The Wanderer 3014:The Seafarer 2995: 2987: 2980: 1340s 2946: 2926: 2917: 2902:Please help 2890: 2860: 2851: 2828: 2728: 2713: 2711: 2681: 2651: 2647: 2643: 2603: 2584:state church 2568:first martyr 2550:consists of 2544:patron saint 2540:Saint George 2538: 2483: 2454: 2439: 2404:missionaries 2377: 2368:Buenos Aires 2365: 2332: 2316: 2291: 2275:colonial era 2272: 2235: 2217: 2178: 2163: 2154:demographers 2143: 2106: 2098: 2087:New Zealand 1977: 1972: 1964: 1955: 1946:John Curtice 1944: 1940:Paul Johnson 1917: 1909:English flag 1901: 1892: 1856: 1833: 1813:intermarried 1805: 1786: 1770:Act of Union 1754:Act of Union 1747: 1724: 1652: 1650: 1637: 1621:King Stephen 1606: 1569: 1564:nation state 1545: 1525: 1521: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1487: 1475: 1456: 1421: 1412: 1401: 1386: 1362:Roman Empire 1355: 1343:Anglo-Saxons 1340: 1310:Anglo-Saxons 1277: 1273: 1269: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1226: 1203: 1176: 1153: 1147: 1136: 1134: 1109: 1107: 1099: 1086: 1077:white people 1058: 1046: 1006: 974:Anglo-Saxons 948: 942:who invaded 922:Anglo-Saxons 902:ethnic group 897: 895: 828:Coat of arms 779:Table tennis 749:Field hockey 670:Mummers play 665:Morris dance 472: 298: 177:Christianity 165:British Sign 133:South Africa 104:46.5 million 90:Significant 89: 59:Ethnic group 56: 34: 9621:Guernésiais 9466:Isle of Man 9351:Isle of Man 9298:Isle of Man 9198:Isle of Man 9083:Terminology 8995:Shetlanders 8990:Scots Gaels 8935:Hongkongers 8930:Guernésiais 8875:Anglo-Irish 8847:Anglosphere 8668:Rugby union 8500:Anglophilia 8443:Middle Ages 8248:Regency era 8240:Late Modern 8150:Middle Ages 8109:Prehistoric 7871:The English 7752:Ethnicities 7707:27 November 7633:18 December 7543:21 February 7473:21 February 7437:18 February 7405:18 February 7175:21 February 7049:2001 Census 7010:20 December 6974:30 November 6848:23 December 6818:18 December 6670:18 December 6141:10 February 5733:The English 5575:A. L. Rowse 5501:27 February 5408:21 February 5282:21 February 4711:21 February 4230:, pp. 4036:31 December 3609:51,770,560. 3566:14 December 3486:21 February 3418:Old English 3357:Anglo-Irish 3298:Old English 3220:Manx people 3200:English art 3129:Jane Austen 3076:Jane Austen 3002:Old English 2984:Middle Ages 2707:Old English 2671: 'ah' 2665: 'aa' 2630:Old English 2618:Palm Sunday 2595:Protestants 2592:Free church 2494:Charles III 2408:black sheep 2339:2018 census 2324:New Zealand 2320:1851 census 2303:New Zealand 2297:2016 census 2293:Australians 2209:Westmorland 2166:2000 census 2044:46,550,968 2016:Population 1875:British Raj 1863:slave trade 1809:assimilated 1479:Æthelred II 1469:signed the 1218:Corded Ware 1117:Great Power 764:Lawn tennis 406:New Zealand 197:Protestants 183:, but also 181:Anglicanism 144:New Zealand 126:6.3 million 115:8.3 million 37:(TV series) 35:The English 9756:Categories 9631:Sercquiais 8900:Caymanians 8890:Bermudians 8880:Anguillans 8761:Tudor rose 8465:Parliament 7606:31 October 7500:31 October 6883:Demography 6570:21 October 6522:Kumar 2010 6507:9 February 6439:Kumar 2010 6424:9 February 6394:9 February 6247:Kumar 2003 6231:9 February 6201:9 February 6171:9 February 6133:. London. 6111:Kumar 2003 6067:7 November 6028:9 February 5996:9 February 5963:29 October 5930:29 October 5531:30 October 4902:. London: 4744:2 February 4539:1502.02783 4440:Kumar 2003 4228:Kumar 2003 4216:Kumar 2003 4189:Englishman 4144:7 February 4050:Campbell. 3852:Nat Commun 3516:21 October 3450:References 3362:Anglo-Scot 3108:Lake Poets 3069:Ben Jonson 2838:improve it 2804:Literature 2699:Old French 2659: 'a' 2628:See also: 2572:Ipsos MORI 2506:Parliament 2480:, Somerset 2307:See also: 2201:Cumberland 2058:6,320,085 2030:8,385,928 2027:Australia 2019:% of pop. 1920:devolution 1913:Union flag 1796:See also: 1640:Old French 1183:Cro-Magnon 988:and other 965:, and the 908:native to 759:Lawn bowls 707:Newspapers 697:Television 618:Literature 490:Traditions 221:Irreligion 189:dissenters 9611:Auregnais 9247:Geography 8970:Orcadians 8685:Wimbledon 8530:Education 8382:Districts 8365:Geography 8263:The Blitz 8220:Civil War 8134:Heptarchy 8063:Education 8046:Overviews 7773:145498328 7394:The Times 7343:8 January 7134:21 August 7107:Canadian. 7063:8 January 6790:21 August 6729:, p. 10. 6475:153712090 6130:The Times 5760:21 August 5652:21 August 5642:– History 5105:21 August 4564:0028-0836 4173:26 August 4004:0003-598X 3981:Antiquity 3803:: 10408. 3696:"English" 3633:5 January 3455:Citations 3330:Diaspora: 3276:Language: 3257:Channel 4 2891:does not 2842:verifying 2798:diplomacy 2554:. Before 2552:his cross 2380:Argentina 2372:Argentina 2345:Argentina 2285:than the 2244:Australia 2219:Americans 2159:Americans 2138:ancestors 2071:Scotland 1979:Newsnight 1848:Huguenots 1838:declared 1836:Louis XIV 1572:Æthelstan 1552:heptarchy 1410:sources. 1408:Brittonic 1121:Bonar Law 1108:When the 927:Angelcynn 793:Monuments 734:Badminton 712:Magazines 545:Festivals 524:Mythology 480:Languages 401:Nicaragua 386:Argentina 381:Australia 155:Languages 111:Australia 9727:Scottish 9626:Jèrriais 9542:Germanic 9456:Guernsey 9444:Scotland 9366:Scotland 9313:Shetland 9276:Hebrides 9164:Scotland 9129:Politics 9118:Hibernia 8945:Jersiais 8789:Category 8734:Oak tree 8729:Heraldry 8634:Football 8587:Religion 8550:Identity 8535:Folklore 8460:Monarchy 8426:Politics 8397:Parishes 8377:Counties 8078:Military 8073:Maritime 8053:Timeline 7948:Diaspora 7919:(2008). 7907:9 August 7901:Archived 7869:(1999). 7817:(2003). 7627:Archived 7563:Archived 7537:Archived 7431:Archived 7337:Archived 7317:27 March 7308:Archived 7254:27 March 7248:Archived 7193:Archived 7169:Archived 7128:Archived 7028:Archived 7001:Archived 6965:Archived 6937:Archived 6866:Archived 6812:Archived 6781:Archived 6749:Archived 6731:Archived 6712:Archived 6693:Archived 6664:Archived 6632:Archived 6613:Archived 6591:Archived 6501:Archived 6497:BBC News 6418:Archived 6304:16 April 6298:Archived 6277:16 April 6268:Archived 6225:Archived 6221:BBC News 6195:Archived 6191:BBC News 6165:Archived 6161:BBC News 6135:Archived 6022:Archived 5990:Archived 5957:Archived 5924:Archived 5871:Archived 5827:Archived 5797:Archived 5688:Archived 5646:Archived 5550:Archived 5525:Archived 5458:Archived 5446:Archived 5402:Archived 5372:Archived 5329:Archived 5273:Archived 5235:Archived 5207:Archived 5123:Archived 5099:Archived 5068:Archived 5048:Archived 5032:36131019 4937:Archived 4874:Archived 4845:Archived 4841:12082121 4798:27535931 4767:Genetics 4738:Archived 4733:BBC News 4705:Archived 4687:18758442 4582:25731166 4423:" (37%). 4400:Archived 4138:Archived 4012:52266574 3932:Archived 3911:26783717 3835:26783965 3775:25788095 3704:Archived 3670:Archived 3656:ABC-CLIO 3627:Stats NZ 3601:Archived 3560:Archived 3480:Archived 3147:See also 3106:and the 2794:aviation 2778:business 2738:Cornwall 2624:Language 2535:in 2010. 2463:Religion 2420:football 2396:commerce 2170:ancestry 2074:459,486 2013:Country 1750:Scotland 1698:Scotland 1645:Edward I 1625:Henry II 1522:-thwaite 1394:Cornwall 1367:Aballava 1347:Germanic 1141:(1999), 1093:'English 1050:devolved 1023:and the 990:Norsemen 936:ethnonym 934:. 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