English people - Knowledge

6261:(2000): " ... immigration in the nucleus of the Anglo-Saxon settlement does not seem aptly described in terms of the 'elite-dominance model.' To all appearances, the settlement was carried out by small, agriculture-oriented kinship groups. This process corresponds more closely to a classic settler model. The absence of early evidence of a socially demarcated elite underscores the supposition that such an elite did not play a substantial role. Rich burials such as are well known from Denmark have no counterparts in England until the 6th century. At best, the elite-dominance model might apply in the peripheral areas of the settlement territory, where an immigration predominantly comprised of men and the existence of hybrid cultural forms might support it." 3950: 2430:

migration and population shift seems to be most applicable in the cases of eastern regions such as East Anglia and Lincolnshire, while in parts of Northumbria, much of the native population likely remained in place as the incomers took over as elites. In a study of place names in northeastern England and southern Scotland, Bethany Fox found that the migrants settled in large numbers in river valleys, such as those of the Tyne and the Tweed, with the Britons moving to the less fertile hill country and becoming acculturated over a longer period. Fox describes the process by which English came to dominate this region as "a synthesis of mass-migration and elite-takeover models."

3133: 3481: 3646: 2989:, however, found that 61 per cent would support such a parliament being established. Krishan Kumar notes that support for measures to ensure that only English MPs can vote on legislation that applies only to England is generally higher than that for the establishment of an English parliament, although support for both varies depending on the timing of the opinion poll and the wording of the question. Electoral support for English nationalist parties is also low, even though there is public support for many of the policies they espouse. The 469: 2250: 3531: 2384: 1860: 2684: 930: 2449: 2338: 3363: 3288:, with the English being the dominant group. Among the leading ancestries, increases in Australian, Irish and German ancestries and decreases in English, Scottish and Welsh ancestries appear to reflect such shifts in perception or reporting. These reporting shifts at least partly resulted from changes in the design of the census question, in particular the introduction of a tick box format in 2001. English Australians have more often come from the 2600: 3247:, 'English' was the most common ethnic origin (ethnic origin refers to the ethnic or cultural group(s) to which the respondent's ancestors belong) recorded by respondents; 6,320,085 people or 18.3% of the population self-identified themselves as wholly or partly English. On the other hand, people identifying as Canadian but not English may have previously identified as English before the option of identifying as Canadian was available. 3889: 8994: 4162: 864: 3827: 318: 3262: 2421:

to Anglo-Saxonisation have been proposed. One is similar to culture changes observed in Russia, North Africa and parts of the Islamic world, where a politically and socially powerful minority culture becomes, over a rather short period, adopted by a settled majority. This process is usually termed "elite dominance". The second process is explained through incentives, such as the

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earlier settlement of the Anglo-Saxons, it was calculated that up to 6% of it could have come from Danish Vikings, with a further 4% contribution from a Norwegian-like source representing the Norwegian Vikings. The study also found an average 18% admixture from a source further south in Europe, which was interpreted as reflecting the legacy of French migration under the Normans.

2104:". Kumar suggests that although this blurring is a sign of England's dominant position with the UK, it is also "problematic for the English when it comes to conceiving of their national identity. It tells of the difficulty that most English people have of distinguishing themselves, in a collective way, from the other inhabitants of the British Isles". 4874:; Hunter-Mann, Kurt; Montgomery, Janet; Müldner, Gundula; McLaughlin, Russell L.; Teasdale, Matthew D.; Van Rheenen, Wouter; Veldink, Jan H.; Van Den Berg, L. H.; Hardiman, Orla; Carroll, Maureen; Roskams, Steve; Oxley, John; Morgan, Colleen; Thomas, Mark G.; Barnes, Ian; McDonnell, Christine; Collins, Matthew J.; Bradley, Daniel G. (19 January 2016). 7597: 2426:

aristocracy, in some cases marrying into it and leaving Celtic names in the, admittedly very dubious, early lists of Anglo-Saxon dynasties. But how we identify the surviving Britons in areas of predominantly Anglo-Saxon settlement, either archaeologically or linguistically, is still one of the deepest problems of early English history."

2380:, in Cumbria: a 4th-century inscription says that the Roman military unit "Numerus Maurorum Aurelianorum" ("unit of Aurelian Moors") from Mauretania (Morocco) was stationed there. Although the Roman Empire incorporated peoples from far and wide, genetic studies suggest the Romans did not significantly mix into the British population. 3107:

of birth, revealing that 8.1% of Scotland's population, 3.7% of the population of Northern Ireland and 20% of the Welsh population were born in England. Similarly, the census of the Republic of Ireland does not collect information on ethnicity, but it does record that there are over 200,000 people living in Ireland who were born in

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to those from the Iron Age and Roman burials, while samples from much of modern England, East Anglia in particular, were closer to the Anglo-Saxon-era burial. This was found to demonstrate a "profound impact" from the Anglo-Saxon migrations on the modern English gene pool, though no specific percentages were given in the study.

5337: 3527:, whether or not they have been baptised in the church. Actual attendance has declined steadily since 1890, with around one million, or 10% of the baptised population attending Sunday services on a regular basis (defined as once a month or more) and three million -roughly 15%- joining Christmas Eve and Christmas services. 6241: 3523:. In 2010, the Church of England counted 25 million baptised members out of the 41 million Christians in Great Britain's population of about 60 million; around the same time, it also claimed to baptise one in eight newborn children. Generally, anyone in England may marry or be buried at their local 4566: 2937:. In policy areas for which the devolved administrations in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have responsibility, the UK Parliament votes on laws that consequently only apply to England. Because the Westminster Parliament is composed of MPs from throughout the United Kingdom, this has given rise to the " 2997:, accounting for 0.3 per cent of all votes cast in England. Kumar argued in 2010 that "despite devolution and occasional bursts of English nationalism – more an expression of exasperation with the Scots or Northern Irish – the English remain on the whole satisfied with current constitutional arrangements". 3306:, 7.8 million or 36.1% of the population identified as "English" or a combination including English, a numerical increase from 7.2 million over the 2011 census figure. The census also documented 907,572 residents or 3.9% of Australia as being born in England, and are the largest overseas-born population. 2896:

was encouraged due to labour shortages during post World War II rebuilding. However, these groups are often still considered to be ethnic minorities and research has shown that black and Asian people in the UK are more likely to identify as British rather than with one of the state's four constituent

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elite almost universally replaced the Anglo-Saxon aristocracy and church leaders. After the conquest, "English" normally included all natives of England, whether they were of Anglo-Saxon, Scandinavian or Celtic ancestry, to distinguish them from the Norman invaders, who were regarded as "Norman" even

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This view was later re-evaluated by some archaeologists and historians, with a more small-scale migration being posited, possibly based around an elite of male warriors that took over the rule of the country and gradually acculturated the people living there. Within this theory, two processes leading

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Another 2016 study conducted using evidence from burials found in northern England, found that a significant genetic difference was present in bodies from the Iron Age and the Roman period on the one hand, and the Anglo-Saxon period on the other. Samples from modern-day Wales were found to be similar

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One 2016 study, using Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon era DNA found at grave sites in Cambridgeshire, calculated that ten modern day eastern English samples had 38% Anglo-Saxon ancestry on average, while ten Welsh and Scottish samples each had 30% Anglo-Saxon ancestry, with a large statistical spread in all

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From the earliest times, English people have left England to settle in other parts of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It is impossible to identify their numbers, as British censuses have historically not invited respondents to identify themselves as English. However, the census does record place

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Recent surveys of public opinion on the establishment of an English parliament have given widely varying conclusions. In the first five years of devolution for Scotland and Wales, support in England for the establishment of an English parliament was low at between 16 and 19%, according to successive

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and Richard Hayton, meanwhile, argue that the resurgence in English nationalism predates devolution, being observable in the early 1990s, but that this resurgence does not necessarily have negative implications for the perception of the UK as a political union. Others question whether devolution has

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Throughout the history of the UK, the English have been dominant in population and in political weight. As a consequence, notions of 'Englishness' and 'Britishness' are often very similar. At the same time, after the Union of 1707, the English, along with the other peoples of the British Isles, have

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However, Alfred's successors subsequently won military victories against the Danes, incorporating much of the Danelaw into the nascent kingdom of England. Danish invasions continued into the 11th century, and there were both English and Danish kings in the period following the unification of England

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The influence of later invasions and migrations on the English population has been debated, as studies that sampled only modern DNA have produced uncertain results and have thus been subject to a large variety of interpretations. More recently, however, ancient DNA has been used to provide a clearer

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The 2011 England and Wales census reports that in England and Wales 32.4 million people associated themselves with an English identity alone and 37.6 million identified themselves with an English identity either on its own or combined with other identities, being 57.7% and 67.1% respectively of the

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A nationally representative survey published in June 2021 found that a majority of respondents thought that being English was not dependent on race. 77% of white respondents in England agreed that "Being English is open to people of different ethnic backgrounds who identify as English", whereas 14%

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Since the Port of Valparaíso opened its coasts to free trade in 1811, the English began to congregate in Valparaíso. The English eventually numbered more than 32,000 during the port of Valparaíso's boom period during the saltpeter bonanza at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries.

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English ancestry is the largest single ancestry New Zealanders share. Several million New Zealanders are estimated to have some English ancestry From 1840, the English comprised the largest single group among New Zealand's overseas-born, consistently being over 50 percent of the total population.

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An emerging view is that the degree of population replacement by the Anglo-Saxons, and thus the degree of survival of the Romano-Britons, varied across England, and that as such the overall settlement of Britain by the Anglo-Saxons cannot be described by any one process in particular. Large-scale

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A major 2020 study, which used DNA from Viking-era burials in various regions across Europe, found that modern English samples showed nearly equal contributions from a native British "North Atlantic" population and a Danish-like population. While much of the latter signature was attributed to the

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A third study combined the ancient data from both of the preceding studies and compared it to a large number of modern samples from across Britain and Ireland. This study found that modern southern, central and eastern English populations were of "a predominantly Anglo-Saxon-like ancestry" while

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Leslie, Stephen; Winney, Bruce; Hellenthal, Garrett; Davison, Dan; Boumertit, Abdelhamid; Day, Tammy; Hutnik, Katarzyna; Royrvik, Ellen C.; Cunliffe, Barry; Lawson, Daniel J.; Falush, Daniel; Freeman, Colin; Pirinen, Matti; Myers, Simon; Robinson, Mark; Donnelly, Peter; Bodmer, Walter (19 March

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was an emerging nation and the settlers were welcomed for the stability they brought to commercial life. As the 19th century progressed, more English families arrived, and many bought land to develop the potential of the Argentine pampas for the large-scale growing of crops. The English founded

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of English heritage are often seen, and identify, as simply "American" due to the many historic cultural ties between England and the U.S. and their influence on the country's population. Relative to ethnic groups of other European origins, this may be due to the early establishment of English

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The 1990s witnessed a resurgence of English national identity. Survey data shows a rise in the number of people in England describing their national identity as English and a fall in the number describing themselves as British. Today, black and minority ethnic people of England still generally

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The close genetic affinity of these Beaker people to Continental North Europeans means that British and Irish populations cluster genetically very closely with other Northwest European populations, regardless of how much Anglo-Saxon and Viking ancestry was introduced during the 1st millennium.

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were of the view that "Only people who are white count as truly English". Amongst ethnic minority respondents, the equivalent figures were 68% and 19%. Research has found that the proportion of people who consider being white to be a necessary component of Englishness has declined over time.

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argues that "In the early years of devolution...there was little sign" of an English backlash against devolution for Scotland and Wales, but that more recently survey data shows tentative signs of "a form of English nationalism...beginning to emerge among the general public". Michael Kenny,

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remaining the prestige language of government and law largely out of social inertia. For example, Orderic Vitalis, a historian born in 1075 and the son of a Norman knight, said that he learned French only as a second language. Anglo-Norman continued to be used by the Plantagenet kings until

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outlined in the law code of Ine of Wessex which produced an incentive to become Anglo-Saxon or at least English speaking. Historian Malcolm Todd writes, "It is much more likely that a large proportion of the British population remained in place and was progressively dominated by a Germanic

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England itself has no devolved government. The 1990s witnessed a rise in English self-awareness. This is linked to the expressions of national self-awareness of the other British nations of Wales, Scotland and, to some extent, Northern Ireland which take their most solid form in the new

2941:", a reference to the situation in which MPs representing constituencies outside England can vote on matters affecting only England, but MPs cannot vote on the same matters in relation to the other parts of the UK. Consequently, groups such as the CEP have called for the creation of a 8113:

the presence of the Canadian example has led to an increase in Canadian being reported and has had an impact on the counts of other groups, especially for French, English, Irish and Scottish. People who previously reported these origins in the census had the tendency to now report

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The number of people who described themselves as white in terms of population group and specified their first language as English in South Africa's 2011 Census was 1,603,575. The total white population with a first language specified was 4,461,409 and the total population was

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and their relationship with the Romano-British is a matter of debate. The traditional view is that a mass invasion by various Anglo-Saxon tribes largely displaced the indigenous British population in southern and eastern Britain (modern-day England with the exception of

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regard this as an undercount, as the index of inconsistency is high, and many, if not most, people from English stock have a tendency (since the introduction of a new 'American' category and ignoring the ancestry question in the 2000 census) to identify as simply

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describes a common slip of the tongue in which people say "English, I mean British". He notes that this slip is normally made only by the English themselves and by foreigners: "Non-English members of the United Kingdom rarely say 'British' when they mean

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came to the throne. Over time the English language became more important even in the court, and the Normans were gradually assimilated, until, by the 14th century, both rulers and subjects regarded themselves as English and spoke the English language.

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England has been the destination of varied numbers of migrants at different periods from the 17th century onwards. While some members of these groups seek to practise a form of pluralism, attempting to maintain a separate ethnic identity, others have

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began to form when the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms united against Danish Viking invasions, which began around 800 AD. Over the following century and a half England was for the most part a politically unified entity, and remained permanently so after 954.

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Schiffels, Stephan; Haak, Wolfgang; Paajanen, Pirita; Llamas, Bastien; Popescu, Elizabeth; Loe, Louise; Clarke, Rachel; Lyons, Alice; Mortimer, Richard; Sayer, Duncan; Tyler-Smith, Chris; Cooper, Alan; Durbin, Richard (19 January 2016).

2977:. A report, also based on the British Social Attitudes Survey, published in December 2010 suggests that only 29% of people in England support the establishment of an English parliament, though this figure had risen from 17% in 2007. 7872: 3190:, over 49 million (49,598,035) Americans claimed English ancestry, at the time around 26.3% of the total population and largest reported group which, even today, would make them the largest ethnic group in the United States. 4486: 6272: 2121:

was launched a generation ago, "England" was still an all-embracing word. It meant indiscriminately England and Wales; Great Britain; the United Kingdom; and even the British Empire. Foreigners used it as the name of a

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meant that small numbers of other peoples may have also been present in England before the Anglo-Saxons arrived. There is archaeological evidence, for example, of an early North African presence in a Roman garrison at

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Ross P. Byrne, Rui Martiniano, Lara M. Cassidy, Matthew Carrigan, Garrett Hellenthal, Orla Hardiman, Daniel G. Bradley, Russell McLaughlin: "Insular Celtic population structure and genomic footprints of migration"

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Novembre, John; Johnson, Toby; Bryc, Katarzyna; Kutalik, Zoltán; Boyko, Adam R.; Auton, Adam; Indap, Amit; King, Karen S.; Bergmann, Sven; Nelson, Matthew R.; Stephens, Matthew; Bustamante, Carlos D. (2008).

8199: 3155:, English Americans were the largest group in the United States with 46.5 million Americans self-identifying as having some English origins (many combined with another heritage) representing (19.8%) of the 2094:

It is unclear how many British people consider themselves English. The words "English" and "British" are often incorrectly used interchangeably, especially outside the UK. In his study of English identity,

2945:, claiming that there is now a discriminatory democratic deficit against the English. The establishment of an English parliament has also been backed by a number of Scottish and Welsh nationalists. Writer 2791:. The remainder became the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, although this name was not introduced until 1927, after some years in which the term "United Kingdom" had been little used. 5524:

Haak, Wolfgang; Lazaridis, Iosif; Patterson, Nick; Rohland, Nadin; Mallick, Swapan; Llamas, Bastien; Brandt, Guido; Nordenfelt, Susanne; Harney, Eadaoin; Stewardson, Kristin; Fu, Qiaomei (11 June 2015).

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said they were British, while only 5 per cent said they were English, Scottish or Welsh", and the largest percentage of non-whites to identify as English were the people who described their ethnicity as

3775:, English spread around the world from the 17th to mid-20th centuries. Through newspapers, books, the telegraph, the telephone, phonograph records, radio, satellite television, broadcasters (such as the 5766:

Athanasiadis, G.; Cheng, J. Y.; Vilhjalmsson, B. J.; Jorgensen, F. G.; Als, T. D.; Le Hellard, S.; Espeseth, T.; Sullivan, P. F.; Hultman, C. M.; Kjaergaard, P. C.; Schierup, M. H.; Mailund, T. (2016).

3118:, and settled in significant numbers in some areas. Substantial populations descended from English colonists and immigrants exist in the United States, Canada, Australia, South Africa and New Zealand. 2658:

Despite the assimilation of the Normans, the distinction between 'English' and 'French' survived in official documents long after it had fallen out of common use, in particular in the legal phrase

8134: 3608:. 4.8% were Muslim, 3.4% were members of other religions, 5.3% were agnostics, 6.8% were atheists and 15.0% were not sure about their religious affiliation or refused to answer to the question. 2134:, was not ashamed to describe himself as "Prime Minister of England" Now terms have become more rigorous. The use of "England" except for a geographic area brings protests, especially from the 3344:

census, there were 215,589 English-born representing 21.5% of all overseas-born residents or 5 percent of the total population and the most-common birthplace outside New Zealand. In the recent

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were gradually followed by a succession of Danish settlers in England. At first, the Vikings were very much considered a separate people from the English. This separation was enshrined when

2165:, analysing the use of "English" over "British", argued that English identity, rather than growing, had existed all along but has recently been unmasked from behind a veneer of Britishness. 2961:

led to a rise in English national identity at all, arguing that survey data fails to portray the complex nature of national identities, with many people considering themselves both English

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A landmark 2022 study titled "The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool", found the English to be of plurality Anglo-Saxon-like ancestry, with heavy native

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of the Anglo-Saxon period; in the Northern and Eastern parts of England the language of Danish settlers had influenced the language, a fact still evident in Northern English dialects.

2914:(CEP) suggest the emergence of a broader civic and multi-ethnic English nationhood. Scholars and journalists have noted a rise in English self-consciousness, with increased use of the 5169: 5603: 4474: 2668:

had to prove an unidentified murdered body found on their soil to be that of an Englishman, rather than a Norman, if they wanted to avoid a fine). This law was abolished in 1340.

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Many recent immigrants to England have assumed a solely British identity, while others have developed dual or mixed identities. Use of the word "English" to describe Britons from

6074: 3466:, so influential has English culture been on the cultures of the British Isles and, on the other hand, given the extent to which other cultures have influenced life in England. 2367:"—the descendants of the native Brittonic-speaking population that lived in the area of Britain under Roman rule during the 1st–5th centuries AD. The multi-ethnic nature of the 7699: 7384: 2585:, as Wessex grew from a relatively small kingdom in the South West to become the founder of the Kingdom of the English, incorporating all Anglo-Saxon kingdoms and the Danelaw. 7869: 7304: 5322: 2994: 4607: 7655: 6963: 2059:

political arrangements within the United Kingdom – and the waning of a shared British national identity with the growing distance between the end of the

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who emigrated between the 16th and 18th centuries. Some definitions of English people include, while others exclude, people descended from later migration into England.

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Since the 18th century, England has been one part of a wider political entity covering all or part of the British Isles, which today is called the United Kingdom.

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Recent genetic studies have suggested that Britain's Neolithic population was largely replaced by a population from North Continental Europe characterised by the

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has suggested that like most dominant groups, the English have only demonstrated interest in their ethnic self-definition when they were feeling oppressed.

2808: 8633: 8126: 8051: 5880: 6782: 3712:. In the Middle English period Latin was the language of administration and the nobility spoke Norman French. Middle English was itself derived from the 2270:

cases. However, the authors noted that the similarity observed between the various sample groups was likely to be due to more recent internal migration.

2223:. This population lacked genetic affinity to some other Bell Beaker populations, such as the Iberian Bell Beakers, but appeared to be an offshoot of the 8750: 8907: 5275: 1749: 8569: 2407:, who gives the only contemporary historical account of the period, and describes the slaughter and starvation of native Britons by invading tribes ( 2227:

single grave people, as developed in Western Europe. It is currently unknown whether these Beaker peoples went on to develop Celtic languages in the

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An examination of the English ancestry of George Washington, setting forth the evidence to connect him with the Washingtons of Sulgrave and Brington

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However the names of some towns, cities, rivers etc. do have Brittonic or pre-Brittonic origins, becoming more frequent towards the west of Britain.

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Various contemporary sources suggest that within 50 years of the invasion most of the Normans outside the royal court had switched to English, with

6803: 8366: 6930: 6238: 8281: 8238: 8216: 6498: 3704:(the form of language in use by the English people from the 12th to the 15th century); Middle English was influenced lexically by Norman-French, 7787: 7064: 2495:

Gradually, the Danes in England came to be seen as 'English'. They had a noticeable impact on the English language: many English words, such as

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of English descent, are both the single largest ethnic group in Australia and the largest 'ancestry' identity in the Australian census. In the

2787:. In 1922, about two-thirds of the Irish population (those who lived in 26 of the 32 counties of Ireland), left the United Kingdom to form the 2677: 8307: 8007: 7638: 7267: 6105: 6213: 10778: 10342: 6531: 5376: 4423:

Spellings of this name most common in modern texts are "Ethelred" and "Æthelred" (or "Aethelred"), the latter being closer to the original

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banks, developed the export trade in crops and animal products and imported the luxuries that the growing Argentine middle classes sought.

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tribes that began migrating to eastern and southern Britain, from southern Denmark and northern Germany, in the 5th century AD, after the

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Michael E. Weale, Deborah A. Weiss, Rolf F. Jager, Neil Bradman, Mark G. Thomas, Y "Chromosome Evidence for Anglo-Saxon Mass Migration",

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to establish the Danelaw, a division of England between English and Danish rule, with the Danes occupying northern and eastern England.

992: 10352: 9901: 9561: 8543: 8395: 7943: 7844: 7566: 848: 7391: 6071: 9833: 7231: 7201: 6756: 6335: 5744: 2524: 7691: 6996: 5851: 4938: 10235: 9026: 8031: 7971: 7300: 7171: 4241: 2861:, current estimates indicate that around 6 million people in the UK have at least one grandparent born in the Republic of Ireland. 1689: 717: 442: 7050:

Jones, Richard Wyn; Lodge, Guy; Jeffery, Charlie; Gottfried, Glenn; Scully, Roger; Henderson, Ailsa; Wincott, Daniel (July 2013).

3337:, given the strong representation in the mid and late-nineteenth century with the English being the largest in migration inflows. 10064: 5431: 2969:

found that 38% of English voters considered themselves both English and British, alongside 19% who felt English but not British.

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if born in England, for a generation or two after the Conquest. The Norman dynasty ruled England for 87 years until the death of

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Martiniano, R., Caffell, A., Holst, M. et al. "Genomic signals of migration and continuity in Britain before the Anglo-Saxons".

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as wholly or partly English. In addition, 1,035,133 recorded British ancestry. This was a numerical decrease from the census in

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in England described their nationality as "English", non-white people were more likely to describe themselves as "British".

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Despite this, after the early 1850s, the English-born slowly fell from being a majority of the colonial population. In the

2174: 8998: 5943: 8165: 7018: 6408: 6208: 6129: 4512: 2827: 1018: 642: 3779:) and the Internet, as well as the emergence of the United States as a global superpower, Modern English has become the 2070:

in England is complicated by most non-white people in England identifying as British rather than English. In their 2004

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The English largely descend from two main historical population groups: the West Germanic tribes, including the Angles,

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identify as British rather than English to a greater extent than their white counterparts; however, groups such as the

1798: 1585: 1428: 10773: 9684: 9403: 9145: 8975: 8852: 8669: 8291: 6727: 6593: 6437: 6154: 5114: 3936: 3870: 2395: 2244: 578: 7424: 6627: 6556: 6273:"Large-scale population movements into and from Britain south of Hadrian's Wall in the fourth to sixth centuries AD" 3918: 3852: 10089: 9760: 7733: 4656: 3780: 3535: 3512: 3281: 2892:

populations have only grown throughout the UK generally, as immigration from the British Empire and the subsequent

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been encouraged to think of themselves as British rather than to identify themselves with the constituent nations.

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Stanley Lieberson and Lawrence Santi, 'The Use of Nativity Data to Estimate Ethnic Characteristics and Patterns',

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There were once many different dialects of modern English in England, which were recorded in projects such as the

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Stanley Lieberson and Mary C. Waters, 'Ethnic Groups in Flux: The Changing Ethnic Responses of American Whites',

5824: 4024: 3910: 2974: 1230: 1149: 411: 8565: 10663: 9650: 9135: 8629: 8308:"Birthplace (detailed) For the census usually resident population count 2001, 2006, and 2013 Censuses Table 11" 8063: 6464: 5873: 4482: 3914: 3837: 3140: 2553:

The English population was not politically unified until the 10th century. Before then, there were a number of

2360:. The Anglo-Saxons gave their name to England ("Engla land", meaning "Land of the Angles") and to the English. 2075: 1928: 1527: 1453: 1443: 1420: 1234: 694: 360: 332: 8783: 6786: 5504:

Parris, Matthew (18 December 2010). "With a shrug of the shoulders, England is becoming a nation once again".

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and simply to seek out a future. English families sent second and younger sons, or what were described as the

3329:, 50.5% of the total population were born in England, this proportion fell to 36.5% (1861) and 24.3% by 1881. 3229:

settlements; as well as to non-English groups having emigrated in order to establish significant communities.

10435: 9826: 9099: 8899: 8603: 6927:"English identity open to all, regardless of race, finds poll – and Three Lions is the symbol that unites us" 6083: 5285: 5077: 3463: 2665: 2043: 1808: 1785: 1448: 940: 920: 195: 5144: 3132: 10393: 9986: 9691: 9605: 9094: 9019: 8656:

Der English Dialect Survey und der Linguistic Survey of Scotland – Arbeitsmethoden und bisherige Ergebnisse

3594: 2548: 2477: 2357: 2189: 1652: 435: 6051: 2744:, which incorporated Wales into the English state. A new British identity was subsequently developed when 10445: 10372: 10057: 9750: 9705: 9566: 9084: 9079: 9059: 8847: 8821: 8470: 7967: 5238: 3640: 3605: 3273: 2942: 2152:

lists numerous examples in history books of "British" still being used to mean "English" and vice versa.

2096: 1920: 1666: 1642: 1634: 1590: 1556: 1438: 880: 500: 490: 40: 3759:, but it died out in the 11th century although traces of it can still be found in the Cumbrian dialect. 3627:

and the Second Sunday of Easter inclusive, it is moved to the Monday after the Second Sunday of Easter.

10728: 10472: 10367: 10347: 10084: 10006: 9971: 9961: 9745: 9713: 9576: 9516: 9398: 9393: 8967: 8850:(2010). "Negotiating English identity: Englishness, Britishness and the future of the United Kingdom". 8829: 8380: 8220: 7460: 6926: 4343: 3726: 3721: 3073: 2615: 1793: 1059: 843: 406: 285: 147: 7776: 6248:, in Cameron, Keith. "The nation: myth or reality?"bIntellect Books, 1994. Retrieved 21 December 2009. 3949: 2387:

Southern Britain in AD 600 after the Anglo-Saxon settlement, showing England's division into multiple

10225: 9556: 9408: 8343: 7541: 7495: 4538: 4231: 3187: 3180: 3172: 3152: 2869: 2363:

The Anglo-Saxons arrived in a land that was already populated by people commonly referred to as the "

2117: 1620: 1600: 1532: 1472: 1089: 650: 7996: 5818:

Weale, Michael E.; Weiss, Deborah A.; Jager, Rolf F.; Bradman, Neil; Thomas, Mark G. (1 July 2002).

10505: 10377: 10016: 9886: 9819: 9645: 9551: 9521: 9466: 9418: 7635: 6097: 3989:– 25 October 1400) was an English poet and author. Widely seen as the greatest English poet of the 3899: 3480: 2772: 2710: 2660: 2457: 2289:, and newly confirmed medieval French admixture. Significant regional variation was also observed. 2205: 2071: 2035: 1366: 508: 10768: 9896: 9657: 9531: 9130: 9012: 7094: 6800: 6523: 6203: 5343: 4211: 3903: 3848: 3701: 3694: 3345: 3341: 3326: 3089: 2893: 2715: 2019: 1927:

language, and share a common ancestry, history, and culture. The English identity began with the

1924: 1719: 1351: 911: 838: 428: 44: 32: 7997:"Table 2: Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group for the United States: 1980" 5627:"Thousands of horsemen may have swept into Bronze Age Europe, transforming the local population" 5386: 2485: 10050: 9863: 9674: 9586: 9456: 9321: 9316: 8340:"Emigration of Scots, English and Welsh-speaking people to Argentina in the nineteenth century" 7666: 7131: 6841:, Asian and Black History in Britain, 1500–1850: UK government website. Retrieved 21 July 2006. 5910: 4299: 4236: 4186: 4004: 3315: 3303: 3168:

or if of mixed European ancestry, identify with a more recent and differentiated ethnic group.

3159:

population. This includes 25.5 million (12.5%) who were "English alone" - one origin. However,

2850: 2768: 2465: 2332: 2201: 2193: 1973: 1714: 1401: 1299: 638: 416: 367: 158: 36: 6641: 4130:

in order to find the "nation's best-loved novel" of all time, with works by English novelists

3348:, 210,915 were born in England or 4.49% of the total population, a slight decrease from 2013. 2184:

English people, like most Europeans, largely descend from three distinct lineages: Mesolithic

10653: 10498: 10194: 9723: 9718: 9662: 9471: 8803: 8758: 8166:"Census 2016: Summary of result – Population by states and territories, 2011 and 2016 Census" 7940: 6830: 6316:

Catherine Hills, "The Anglo-Saxon Migration: An Archaeological Case Study of Disruption," in

6179:

Higham, Nicholas J. and Ryan, Martin J. "The Anglo-Saxon World" (Yale University Press, 2013)

4802: 4246: 4191: 3562: 3191: 2946: 2938: 2815: 2220: 1864: 1759: 1565: 1406: 1391: 1386: 1247: 1216: 707: 628: 563: 289: 215: 175: 8539: 6332:"Celtic whispers: revisiting the problems of the relation between Brittonic and Old English" 6331: 2413:). Furthermore, the English language contains no more than a handful of words borrowed from 10272: 10114: 9679: 9633: 9536: 9461: 9388: 9371: 9347: 8935: 7848: 7570: 7223: 7193: 6008: 5663: 5550: 5480: 4887: 4811: 4751: 4516: 4424: 4403: 4314: 4016: 3995: 3760: 3713: 3426: 3366: 3319: 3219: 2819: 2745: 2635: 2409: 2197: 2144: 1679: 1396: 1304: 1242: 1211: 1189: 1105: 764: 534: 6988: 6760: 5976:

Margaryan, A., Lawson, D.J., Sikora, M. et al. "Population genomics of the Viking world".

5838: 5734: 3645: 3183:

where 32,651,788 people or 13.1% of the population self-identified with English ancestry.

8: 10738: 10658: 10515: 10462: 10450: 10151: 10026: 9966: 9931: 9640: 9593: 9432: 9383: 9211: 9206: 9115: 7163: 5819: 5422: 4987: 4329: 4221: 4071: 4055: 4020: 3475: 3256: 2930: 2873: 2842: 2756: 2704: 2651: 2631: 2414: 2258: 2212: 2046:

in general. The demonyms for men and women from England are Englishman and Englishwoman.

2031: 1704: 1674: 1522: 1356: 614: 538: 235: 125: 61: 8405: 7960: 6012: 5667: 5554: 4935: 4891: 4815: 4755: 3844: 2278:

those from northern and southwestern England had a greater degree of indigenous origin.

10548: 10510: 10493: 10440: 10414: 10240: 10186: 10021: 9981: 9926: 9881: 9786: 9628: 9485: 9444: 9413: 9352: 9231: 9163: 9064: 9044: 8928: 8775: 7477: 6029: 5994: 5795: 5773: 5768: 5684: 5649: 5579: 5540: 5526: 5014: 4908: 4875: 4832: 4797: 4772: 4737: 4383: 4201: 3816: 3756: 3612: 3558: 3504: 3492: 3457: 3357: 3244: 3165: 2925:

This perceived rise in English self-consciousness has generally been attributed to the

2877: 2780: 2760: 2749: 2720: 2693: 2627: 2603: 2305: 2298: 2039: 2027: 2023: 1984: 1765: 1699: 1694: 1595: 1570: 1517: 825: 660: 476: 459: 391: 277: 199: 7752: 5527:"Massive migration from the steppe was a source for Indo-European languages in Europe" 4539:"2021 Australia, Census All persons QuickStats | Australian Bureau of Statistics" 10718: 10609: 10467: 9598: 9331: 9326: 9226: 9178: 8971: 8939: 8923: 8885: 8865: 8833: 8807: 8796: 8779: 8665: 8466: 8287: 8244: 8095: 8059: 7714: 7481: 7098: 6856: 6723: 6589: 6433: 6150: 6034: 5914: 5843: 5800: 5689: 5584: 5566: 5484: 5347: 5110: 5006: 4913: 4837: 4798:"Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon genomes from East England reveal British migration history" 4777: 4666: 4597: 4561: 4388: 4378: 4067: 3768: 3730: 3620: 3586: 3566: 3524: 3496: 3390: 3284:

until the mid-20th century, the vast majority of settlers to Australia were from the

3238: 3144: 3136: 3127: 3108: 2990: 2776: 2544: 2342: 2324: 2131: 2079: 2067: 1965: 1833: 1819: 1754: 1684: 1610: 1575: 1326: 712: 555: 396: 386: 381: 211: 136: 114: 6449: 6371: 5018: 4702: 4054:

is sometimes described as the golden age of English literature with writers such as

10713: 10579: 10571: 10556: 10488: 10455: 10165: 10011: 9891: 9868: 9858: 9795: 9735: 9620: 9541: 9311: 8861: 8767: 7469: 7365: 6899: 6024: 6016: 5999: 5951: 5940:

Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon genomes from East England reveal British migration history

5833: 5790: 5782: 5679: 5671: 5654: 5574: 5558: 5531: 5086: 4996: 4903: 4895: 4862: 4827: 4819: 4767: 4759: 4742: 4398: 4373: 4324: 4319: 4294: 4216: 4176: 4131: 4044: 3959: 3748: 3740: 3736: 3690: 3539: 3442: 3293: 3289: 3199: 3195: 3006: 2788: 2699: 2473: 2353: 1946: 1709: 1605: 1284: 1206: 1167: 1130: 1034: 987: 736: 702: 670: 573: 568: 339: 281: 273: 223: 171: 102: 8751:"English identity and ethnic diversity in the context of UK constitutional change" 8741: 8707: 7845:"Detailed Races and Ethnicities in the United States and Puerto Rico: 2020 Census" 7567:"Detailed Races and Ethnicities in the United States and Puerto Rico: 2020 Census" 5032: 2142:

However, although Taylor believed this blurring effect was dying out, in his book

1839: 10733: 10622: 10584: 10326: 10267: 10143: 9991: 9936: 9728: 9526: 9216: 9168: 9089: 8203: 8038: 7947: 7888:

Reynolds Farley, 'The New Census Question about Ancestry: What Did It Tell Us?',

7876: 7759: 7741: 7722: 7703: 7660: 7642: 7623: 7601: 6881: 6837: 6807: 6560: 6468: 6456: 6245: 6133: 6078: 6058: 5947: 5458: 5410: 5317: 5261: 5157:

the citizens or inhabitants of, or people born in, England, considered as a group

4942: 4393: 4098: 4094: 4051: 4036: 4032: 3733:

in recent time as a result of education, the media and socio-economic pressures.

3697: 3554: 3516: 3484: 3334: 3156: 2957: 2823: 2764: 2688: 2619: 2618:

during 1066 brought Anglo-Saxon and Danish rule of England to an end, as the new

2607: 2185: 2135: 2108: 2000: 1294: 1279: 1271: 1257: 1252: 1196: 1177: 1162: 1157: 1049: 833: 545: 401: 346: 325: 6895:"Ethnic minorities more likely to feel British than white people, says research" 6855:, Orient Blackswan, pp. 111–119, 129–130, 140, 154–156, 160–168, 172, 181, 5786: 4876:"Genomic signals of migration and continuity in Britain before the Anglo-Saxons" 10693: 10688: 10599: 10589: 10561: 10309: 10292: 10287: 10156: 9916: 9842: 9800: 9571: 9173: 8525:

Reconciling science and religion: the debate in early-twentieth-century Britain

8342:. British Settlers in Argentina – studies in 19th and 20th century emigration. 6404: 6020: 5938: 5769:"Nationwide Genomic Study in Denmark Reveals Remarkable Population Homogeneity" 4309: 4181: 4167: 4139: 4086: 4063: 4040: 3772: 3764: 3520: 3394: 3211: 2835: 2639: 2377: 2364: 2286: 2249: 2156: 2060: 1976: 1938: 1615: 1542: 1201: 1184: 1064: 1039: 970: 868: 784: 621: 518: 257: 252: 10627: 6853:

Counterflows to Colonialism: Indian Traveller and Settler in Britain 1600–1857

6126: 5313:"Ethnic minorities feel strong sense of identity with Britain, report reveals" 5091: 5072: 4353: 3743:, is one of three existing Brittonic languages; its usage has been revived in 3530: 3377:

in 1806 (then a Spanish colony) in small numbers, mostly as businessmen, when

2179: 468: 10762: 10594: 10277: 10073: 9951: 9501: 9357: 9264: 9259: 9201: 9120: 8881: 8873: 8771: 8375: 7369: 6743: 6146: 5570: 5506: 5280: 5010: 4348: 4289: 4275: 4256: 4147: 4143: 4110: 4106: 4090: 3792: 3601: 3508: 3285: 3269: 3265: 3203: 3115: 2889: 2885: 2846: 2599: 2582: 2554: 2469: 2388: 2320: 2231:, or whether later Celtic migrations introduced Celtic languages to Britain. 2228: 2161: 2149: 1992: 1950: 1376: 1341: 1289: 1172: 1125: 1120: 1115: 1100: 1095: 977: 965: 929: 665: 655: 598: 593: 353: 293: 8500: 5995:"The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool" 4983:"The 'People of the British Isles' project and Viking settlement in England" 2383: 53:"English nation" redirects here. For the country of the United Kingdom, see 10743: 10708: 10031: 9755: 9610: 9236: 9221: 9196: 9188: 8266: 8155:

J. Jupp, The English in Australia, Cambridge University Press, 2004, p. 103

7830: 7817:. Boston, Printed for the New England historic genealogical society. 1889. 7023: 6958: 6813: 6719: 6484: 6234: 6038: 5847: 5804: 5693: 5588: 5381: 5361: 4917: 4841: 4781: 4688: 4358: 4126: 4102: 4059: 3590: 3550: 3546: 3462:

The culture of England is sometimes difficult to separate clearly from the

3410: 3374: 3114:

English ethnic descent and emigrant communities are found primarily in the

2952: 2915: 2865: 2858: 2570: 2368: 2349: 2316: 2083: 2015: 1980: 1969: 1908: 1729: 1485: 1110: 1071: 1054: 948: 789: 759: 680: 675: 262: 187: 7416: 6553: 5001: 4982: 3585:

found the population of England and Wales to be 47.0% affiliated with the

2683: 2578: 2204:

who expanded into Europe from the Pontic–Caspian steppe in the context of

10723: 10304: 10204: 9996: 9956: 9911: 9853: 9511: 9254: 9246: 6581: 6461: 6188:

Ward-Perkins, Bryan. "Why did the Anglo-Saxons not become more British?"

6166:

Ward-Perkins, Bryan. "Why did the Anglo-Saxons not become more British?"

4871: 4363: 4304: 4226: 4206: 4135: 4082: 4008: 3990: 3636: 3624: 3598: 3574: 3570: 3500: 3414: 3369:

was an Argentine author, naturalist, and ornithologist of English origin.

3330: 3299: 3215: 2881: 2752:

as well, and expressed the desire to be known as the monarch of Britain.

2224: 2123: 1480: 1361: 1336: 1135: 1076: 958: 207: 191: 10632: 8738:

Price and Associates: Professional Genealogy and Family History Services

6686: 6405:"The P-Celtic Place Names of North-East England and South-East Scotland" 5955: 5675: 5562: 5173: 4899: 4866: 4823: 4763: 10703: 10637: 9767: 9506: 8962:

Bueltmann, Tanja; Gleeson, David T.; MacRaild, Donald M., eds. (2012).

7473: 7458:

Copus, Colin (2009). "English national parties in post-devolution UK".

7268:"Is an English backlash emerging? Reactions to devolution ten years on" 7053:

England and its Two Unions: The Anatomy of a Nation and its Discontents

5427: 4368: 4114: 4075: 3705: 3578: 3430: 3362: 3207: 3160: 2926: 2919: 2857:

fled to England. Due to sustained and sometimes mass emigration of the

2737: 2646: 2448: 2337: 2056: 1844: 1771: 1381: 231: 8427: 7777:"Table 19 Enumerated population classified by usual residence and sex" 5765: 2078:

compared the ethnic identities of British people with their perceived

10617: 9976: 9269: 9140: 8400: 7385:"Resentment or contentment? Attitudes towards the Union ten years on" 7339:"What makes a person English, according to the English | YouGov" 7136: 4263: 3804: 3386: 3378: 3225: 2985: 2558: 2127: 2008: 1826: 1813: 1495: 1490: 744: 3888: 3855:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. 10319: 10282: 10170: 10124: 10001: 9004: 8032:

From many strands: ethnic and racial groups in contemporary América

7503: 7299:

Kenny, Michael; English, Richard; Hayton, Richard (February 2008).

5739: 5545: 4662: 3800: 3784: 3744: 3402: 3176: 2854: 2400: 2373: 1996: 1942: 1331: 583: 3649:

Map showing phonological variation within England of the vowel in

317: 10299: 10160: 10109: 9811: 9125: 9035: 8993: 8280:

Bueltmann, Tanja; Gleeson, David T.; MacRaild, Donald M. (2012).

8237:

Bueltmann, Tanja; Gleeson, David T.; MacRaild, Donald M. (2010).

7319: 7301:"Beyond the constitution? Englishness in a post-devolved Britain" 5140: 4869: 4012: 3788: 3752: 2622: 2594: 2443: 2439: 2422: 2328: 2297:"History of the English" redirects here. Not to be confused with 2254: 2216: 2004: 1988: 1916: 1371: 1346: 779: 754: 749: 603: 588: 227: 88: 54: 10119: 10042: 9546: 8127:"Population characteristics: Ancestry of Australia's population" 1932: 513: 10668: 10314: 10199: 10099: 7961:"1990 Census of Population Detailed Ancestry Groups for States" 7590: 7588: 6145:"Britain BC: Life in Britain and Ireland before the Romans" by 5120: 4956:"New study reignites debate over Viking settlements in England" 3796: 3616: 3418: 3406: 2981: 2966: 2934: 2566: 2562: 2404: 1957: 1912: 1002: 774: 8678: 7916:

Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science

6954:"Now 90% of England agrees: being English is not about colour" 3974: 10175: 10104: 6356:

Härke, Heinrich. "Anglo-Saxon Immigration and Ethnogenesis."

5993:

Gretzinger; Sayer; Justeau; et al. (21 September 2022).

5523: 5292: 4734: 4196: 4035:

were the preferred literary languages of England, but in the

4028: 3968: 3965: 3709: 3582: 3422: 2733: 2456: 966 – 23 April 1016), known as 'the Unready', was 2266:

picture of the genetic effects of these movements of people.

2007:

in England in the late 11th century and a sizeable number of

1999:

that began in the late 9th century. This was followed by the

1961: 1029: 769: 219: 92: 7585: 4738:"The fine scale genetic structure of the British population" 3763:

began in the late 15th century with the introduction of the

2779:

formed a union between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the

10094: 8339: 6565: 4794: 3398: 3261: 2831: 2489: 2180:

Replacement of Neolithic farmers by Bell Beaker populations

7049: 5646: 2904: 2192:

population that arrived in Europe about 45,000 years ago;

9740: 8702: 8432: 7870:

Sharing the Dream: White Males in a Multicultural America

7695: 7420: 6673: 6646: 6605: 6569: 6072:

Where did the British come from? Ancient DNA holds clues.

5256: 4121: 3776: 523: 8961: 8279: 8236: 7931:(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990), p. 36. 6182: 5216: 5213:

at dictionary.cambridge.org. Retrieved 13 November 2023.

5199:

at dictionary.cambridge.org. Retrieved 13 November 2023.

2876:

presence since at least the 17th century because of the

7132:"St George unfurls his flag (made in China) once again" 4596:. Pretoria: Statistics South Africa. 2012. p. 26. 3389:

as industrialists and major landowners, others went as

9291:

Political history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)

8749:

Condor, Susan; Gibson, Stephen; Abell, Jackie (2006).

8396:"Catholics set to pass Anglicans as leading UK church" 8197:

Census of Population and Housing: Reflecting Australia

5992: 5820:"Y Chromosome Evidence for Anglo-Saxon Mass Migration" 5817: 4513:"English Most Common Race or Ethnicity in 2020 Census" 4475:"Ethnicity and National Identity in England and Wales" 3417:

of the family, to Argentina to make their fortunes in

2868:

presence in England since the 16th century due to the

7522: 7439: 7390:. National Centre for Social Research. Archived from 5907:

The Origins of the British: A Genetic Detective Story

4936:

https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004160

3971: 2460:

from 978 to 1013 and again from 1014 until his death.

8734:"Expert Links: English Family History and Genealogy" 8527:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 194. 7111: 6350: 5440: 5399:"National Identity and Community in England" (2006) 4157: 2809:

Immigration to the United Kingdom (1922-present day)

2238: 9296:

Social history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)

8662:

A Grammar of the Dialect of the Bolton Area, Part 1

8593:"Understanding the 21st Century Catholic Community" 7303:. Institute for Public Policy Research. p. 3. 7273:. Institute for Public Policy Research. p. 3. 6320:, ed. Brenda J. Baker and Takeyuki Tsuda, pp. 45–48 5073:"Why did the Anglo-Saxons not become more British?" 4271:

Social history of the United Kingdom (1945–present)

3962: 3747:. Historically, another Brittonic Celtic language, 2771:had previously passed its own Act of Union, so the 2577:The nation of England was formed in 12 July 927 by 1979:who already lived there. Collectively known as the 8927: 8795: 8658:, Zeitschrift für Mundartforschung 31, 333–335 in 7753:Country of Birth: Proportion Born in Wales Falling 7298: 4981:Kershaw, Jane; Røyrvik, Ellen C. (December 2016). 3729:(mid 20th century), but there has been widespread 3139:, known as the "Father of His Country", and first 2838:in the 19th century and from Germany in the 20th. 2638:(based in France), and England became part of the 8898: 8748: 8684: 7325: 5604:"The first Europeans weren't who you might think" 5298: 4440:Those who self-identified as English ethnic group 2561:of seven states, the most powerful of which were 2348:The first people to be called "English" were the 2168: 60:"Englander" redirects here. For the surname, see 10760: 8133:. Australian Bureau of Statistics. 3 June 2003. 7383:Ormston, Rachel; Curtice, John (December 2010). 6716:A History of Britain: The British Wars 1603–1776 5950:, Nature Communications 7, Article number:10408 5519: 5517: 5336:Hussain, Asifa; Millar, William Lockley (2006). 4934:, Volume 19, Issue 7, July 2002, pp. 1008–1021, 3623:'s calendar, when St George's Day falls between 8158: 7918:, Vol. 487, No. 79 (September 1986), pp. 82–86. 7542:"2021 Australia, Census All persons QuickStats" 7356:Hazell, Robert (2006). "The English Question". 6825: 6823: 6642:"British History in depth: The Ages of English" 2798: 2018:. The majority of people living in England are 8217:"English – Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand" 7929:Ethnic Options: Choosing Identities in America 7692:Scotland's Census 2001: Supporting Information 7382: 6817:, 13 September 2006. Retrieved 9 January 2006. 6307:, Boydell and Brewer Press (2015), pp. 174–178 6239:"Anglo-Saxon Origins: The Reality of the Myth" 4980: 2678:History of the formation of the United Kingdom 2089: 10058: 9827: 9020: 8664:. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang. p. 58. 8367:"The invention of Great Britain: A review of 7892:, Vol. 28, No. 3 (August 1991), pp. 414, 421. 6783:"Meredith on the Guillet – Thoreau Genealogy" 5514: 5335: 3577:. A survey carried out in the end of 2008 by 2918:, particularly at football matches where the 1884: 888: 436: 8387: 6983: 6981: 6820: 6496: 6305:The Cruciform Brooch and Anglo-Saxon England 5874:"A Y Chromosome Census of the British Isles" 5070: 4630:"2018 Census population and dwelling counts" 3583:The Catholic Agency For Overseas Development 3218:) settlers who colonised Ireland during the 2922:was previously more commonly flown by fans. 2292: 1538:Literature in the other languages of Britain 10521:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 8627: 8585: 8119: 6884:The National Archives Accessed October 2006 6503:Esmeralda's Cumbrian History & Folklore 5904: 5898: 3917:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 3700:. The modern English language evolved from 3615:(23 April) changes when it is too close to 2785:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 10231:British–Irish Intergovernmental Conference 10065: 10051: 9834: 9820: 9027: 9013: 8428:"How many Catholics are there in Britain?" 8088:Canada's Ethnocultural Mosaic, 2006 Census 6524:"Athelstan (c. 895–939): Historic Figures" 5051: 4449:210915 listed their birthplace as England. 4047:is the most famous writer of this period. 3429:to Argentina. Some English families owned 2588: 2433: 1891: 1877: 895: 881: 443: 429: 8659: 8232: 8230: 7636:2011 Census for Scotland Standard Outputs 7612: 7610: 6978: 6951: 6801:More Britons applying for Irish passports 6369: 6028: 5837: 5794: 5735:"Ancient Britons 'replaced' by newcomers" 5683: 5578: 5544: 5126:Higham, Nicholas J., and Martin J. Ryan. 5090: 5000: 4907: 4831: 4771: 4624: 4622: 4039:there was a flourishing of literature in 3937:Learn how and when to remove this message 3871:Learn how and when to remove this message 3771:. Through the worldwide influence of the 2775:was born on 1 May 1707. In 1801, another 2488:(978–1013 and 1014–1016) was English but 2468:Viking assaults on the coastlines of the 2310: 2014:England is the largest and most populous 8964:Locating the English Diaspora, 1500–2010 8420: 8393: 8332: 6432:by Paul Hill (2004), Tempus Publishing. 6061:, Channel 4. Retrieved 21 December 2009. 5642: 5640: 5374: 4853: 4851: 4658:Ethnic Groups of Europe: An Encyclopedia 4242:Modern immigration to the United Kingdom 3948: 3644: 3529: 3479: 3361: 3260: 3131: 2929:in the late 1990s of some powers to the 2598: 2447: 2403:). This is supported by the writings of 2382: 2336: 2248: 2042:have become fairly closely aligned with 1987:by the 10th century, in response to the 8826:The Making of English National Identity 8283:Locating the English Diaspora 1500-2010 8240:Locating the English Diaspora 1500–2010 8131:4102.0 - Australian Social Trends, 2003 7265: 6204:"Anglo-Saxons wanted genetic supremacy" 5982:See Supplementary Note 11 in particular 5624: 5377:"Asian recruits boost England fan army" 5276:"The English question Handle with care" 5130:. Yale University Press, 2013. pp. 7–19 3689:English people traditionally speak the 3597:and 8.7% were other Christians, mainly 3175:, 24,509,692 Americans described their 2905:Current national and political identity 2805:Historical immigration to Great Britain 2630:in 1154, when the succession passed to 1945:is derived from the Angles, one of the 14: 10761: 8546:from the original on 27 September 2017 8522: 8227: 8190: 7793:from the original on 15 September 2009 7715:Scottish Census Results Online Browser 7607: 7355: 6850: 6499:"The Treaty of Eamont Bridge in 927CE" 6201: 6108:from the original on 22 September 2017 5732: 5708:"Dutch Beakers: Like no other Beakers" 5650:"Genes mirror geography within Europe" 5503: 5474: 4730: 4728: 4619: 3511:of its bishops under the authority of 2538: 2196:who migrated from Anatolia during the 2049: 1983:, they founded what was to become the 10046: 9815: 9008: 8846: 8820: 8636:from the original on 18 December 2019 8137:from the original on 3 September 2017 7528: 7457: 7445: 7253: 7129: 7117: 7088: 7031:from the original on 23 December 2013 6575: 6534:from the original on 13 February 2007 6411:from the original on 28 November 2021 6216:from the original on 15 December 2020 5839:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004160 5637: 5601: 5446: 5310: 5234: 5222: 4848: 4081:Other famous English writers include 2755:In 1707, England formed a union with 10236:British–Irish Parliamentary Assembly 9034: 8910:from the original on 24 October 2015 8628:Pocklington, David (24 April 2019). 8364: 8346:from the original on 30 January 2008 8320:from the original on 8 February 2020 8084: 7821:from the original on 3 February 2021 7510:from the original on 9 February 2011 7174:from the original on 26 January 2011 7061:Institute for Public Policy Research 6966:from the original on 29 October 2021 6933:from the original on 29 October 2021 6270: 6095: 5252:"English nationalism 'threat to UK'" 4953: 4654: 4581: 4489:from the original on 21 January 2022 4150:making up the top five on the list. 3915:adding citations to reliable sources 3882: 3820: 3515:. 26 of the church's 42 bishops are 2215:around 2400 BC, associated with the 2175:Genetic history of the British Isles 79:Regions with significant populations 10779:Ethnic groups in the United Kingdom 8630:"St George's Day: Church and State" 8499:. Church of England. Archived from 8394:Gledhill, Ruth (15 February 2007). 8257:from the original on 14 August 2021 8219:. 20 September 2008. Archived from 7905:, Vol. 14, No. 1 (1985), pp. 44–46. 7417:"'Most' support English parliament" 7234:from the original on 10 August 2012 7204:from the original on 18 August 2012 7194:"Fresh call for English Parliament" 6655:from the original on 26 August 2017 6572:website. Retrieved 30 October 2006. 6209:Australian Broadcasting Corporation 5033:"Huguenots | The History of London" 4725: 4679:from the original on 15 August 2021 3000: 24: 9841: 8440:from the original on 27 March 2019 7673:from the original on 13 April 2020 7307:from the original on 17 April 2018 7280:from the original on 17 April 2018 7224:"Welsh nod for English Parliament" 7091:The politics of English Nationhood 6903:. 18 February 2007. Archived from 6329: 4713:from the original on 20 April 2012 2912:Campaign for an English Parliament 2830:in 1656, there have been waves of 1586:Baroque music of the British Isles 849:English inventions and discoveries 25: 10790: 10072: 8986: 8178:from the original on 20 June 2018 8062:. 4 November 2002. Archived from 7977:from the original on 27 July 2017 7427:from the original on 28 July 2011 7252:Paul Johnson is quoted by Kumar ( 7144:from the original on 29 June 2011 6999:from the original on 29 June 2011 6952:Alexander, Inigo (30 June 2019). 6757:"EJP – In Depth – On Anglo Jewry" 6697:from the original on 15 June 2006 6497:esmeraldamac (16 February 2012). 6384:from the original on 8 March 2021 6338:from the original on 8 March 2021 5747:from the original on 4 March 2019 5733:Rincon, Paul (21 February 2018). 5625:Gibbons, Ann (21 February 2017). 5375:Campbell, Dennis (18 June 2006). 5284:. 1 November 2007. Archived from 4870:Martiniano, Rui; Caffell, Anwen; 4613:from the original on 13 May 2015. 4569:from the original on 8 March 2021 4124:carried out a UK survey entitled 3519:, representing the church in the 2853:, an estimated 50,000 Protestant 2671: 2557:which gradually coalesced into a 2358:Romans had withdrawn from Britain 2245:Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain 2239:Anglo-Saxons, Vikings and Normans 1989:invasion and extensive settlement 10221:Ireland–United Kingdom relations 8992: 8866:10.1111/j.1469-8129.2010.00442.x 8690: 8648: 8621: 8558: 8532: 8516: 8488: 8452: 8358: 8300: 8273: 8209: 8149: 8094:. Statistics Canada. p. 7. 8078: 8044: 8025: 8013:from the original on 4 June 2011 7989: 7953: 7934: 7921: 7908: 7895: 7882: 7863: 7837: 7805: 7769: 7746: 7727: 7708: 7685: 7648: 7629: 7559: 7534: 7488: 7451: 7409: 7376: 7349: 7331: 7292: 7259: 7246: 7216: 7186: 7156: 7019:"When British isn't always best" 6851:Fisher, Michael Herbert (2006), 6285:from the original on 1 June 2021 6202:Ingham, Richard (19 July 2006). 6052:The archaeology of black Britain 5886:from the original on 7 June 2020 5854:from the original on 2 June 2020 5714:from the original on 12 May 2021 5311:Frith, Maxine (8 January 2004). 5260:. 9 January 2000. Archived from 5147:from the original on 11 May 2020 4500:population of England and Wales. 4443: 4434: 4160: 4011:and produced epic works such as 3958: 3887: 3825: 3121: 3012:Numbers of the English diaspora 2993:gained just 64,826 votes in the 2975:British Social Attitudes Surveys 2763:in March 1707 that ratified the 2682: 1968:following the withdrawal of the 1858: 1581:Early music of the British Isles 998:Post-war period (social history) 928: 862: 467: 316: 204:History of the Church of England 8602:. November 2009. Archived from 8572:from the original on 8 May 2012 8171:Australian Bureau of Statistics 7546:Australian Bureau of Statistics 7326:Condor, Gibson & Abell 2006 7266:Curtice, John (February 2010). 7123: 7082: 7043: 7011: 6945: 6929:. British Future. 9 June 2021. 6919: 6887: 6868: 6844: 6793: 6775: 6749: 6733: 6709: 6679: 6667: 6634: 6612: 6598: 6554:The Battle of Brunanburh, 937AD 6546: 6516: 6490: 6474: 6442: 6423: 6402: 6396: 6363: 6323: 6310: 6297: 6264: 6251: 6228: 6195: 6173: 6160: 6139: 6120: 6089: 6064: 6045: 5986: 5970: 5960: 5927: 5866: 5825:Molecular Biology and Evolution 5811: 5759: 5726: 5700: 5618: 5595: 5497: 5468: 5452: 5415: 5393: 5368: 5329: 5304: 5299:Condor, Gibson & Abell 2006 5268: 5244: 5202: 5188: 5172:. parliament.uk. Archived from 5162: 5133: 5099: 5064: 5025: 4974: 4954:Brix, Lise (20 February 2017). 4947: 4932:Molecular Biology and Evolution 4924: 4788: 4417: 4003:English literature begins with 2396:the arrival of the Anglo-Saxons 2082:. They found that while 58% of 1937:, meaning race or tribe of the 10664:Northern Ireland Sign Language 8698:"The Big Read – Top 100 Books" 8369:The Making of English Identity 8286:. Liverpool University Press. 8243:. Liverpool University Press. 7717:. Retrieved 16 November 2007. 6759:. 14 July 2006. Archived from 6609:, 2nd edition, s.v. 'English'. 4695: 4648: 4549: 4531: 4505: 4483:Office for National Statistics 4467: 3573:is also honoured as England's 3425:. English settlers introduced 3309: 3141:President of the United States 2980:One 2007 poll carried out for 2581:of Wessex after the Treaty of 2527:, and place names that end in 2169:Historical and genetic origins 2126:and indeed continue to do so. 2076:Office for National Statistics 1931:, when they were known as the 1528:Literature of Northern Ireland 1258:Ireland & Northern Ireland 27:Ethnic group native to England 13: 1: 8930:The Idea of English Ethnicity 8436:. London. 15 September 2010. 7656:"2018 Census totals by topic" 6190:The English Historical Review 6168:The English Historical Review 6084:The Christian Science Monitor 5905:Oppenheimer, Stephen (2006). 5862:– via academic.oup.com. 5602:Curry, Andrew (August 2019). 5465:Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. v 5078:The English Historical Review 4557:"Census Profile, 2016 Census" 4456: 3983: 3810: 3464:culture of the United Kingdom 3385:As well as those who went to 2453: 2352:, a group of closely related 2200:9,000 years ago; and Yamnaya 2016:country of the United Kingdom 921:Culture of the United Kingdom 9946:British Nationals (Overseas) 6370:Kortlandt, Frederik (2018). 6149:, p. 122. Harper Perennial. 5141:"Chambers – Search Chambers" 5071:Ward-Perkins, Bryan (2000). 5037:www.thehistoryoflondon.co.uk 4590:Census 2011: Census in brief 4461: 3725:(late 19th century) and the 3373:English settlers arrived in 3351: 3333:'s foundational culture was 3250: 2897:nations, including England. 2799:Immigration and assimilation 2742:Laws in Wales Acts 1535–1542 2642:until its collapse in 1214. 2549:Treaty of Alfred and Guthrum 2535:are Scandinavian in origin. 2478:Treaty of Alfred and Guthrum 2464:From about 800 AD, waves of 2044:British customs and identity 2040:English customs and identity 1690:Football in Northern Ireland 1305:Anglo-Indian and South Asian 7: 9567:English language in England 9562:Innovations and discoveries 9286:Postwar Britain (1945–1979) 7968:United States Census Bureau 7645:, Accessed 5 September 2014 7595:Census Profile, 2016 Census 7164:"The West Lothian Question" 7027:. London. 24 January 2007. 6620:"England—Plantagenet Kings" 6450:Online Etymology Dictionary 5787:10.1534/genetics.116.189241 5360:on 18 May 2016 – via 4707:Online Etymology Dictionary 4153: 3851:the claims made and adding 3641:English language in England 3630: 3606:Eastern Orthodox Christians 3469: 3274:Prime Minister of Australia 2943:devolved English Parliament 2935:National Assembly for Wales 2090:Relationship to Britishness 1953:around the 5th century AD. 1591:Early British popular music 41:Englishman (disambiguation) 10: 10795: 10017:Turks and Caicos Islanders 8968:Liverpool University Press 8830:Cambridge University Press 8725: 8660:Shorrocks, Graham (1999). 8494:See the pages linked from 7604:– Ethnic origin population 7130:Hoyle, Ben (8 June 2006). 6989:"British identity: Waning" 6460:by Douglas Harper (2001), 6318:Migrations and Disruptions 6021:10.1038/s41586-022-05247-2 5463:English History, 1914–1945 4344:British diaspora in Africa 3814: 3727:Survey of English Dialects 3722:English Dialect Dictionary 3634: 3473: 3455: 3451: 3440: 3355: 3313: 3280:From the beginning of the 3254: 3236: 3125: 3004: 2965:British. A 2017 survey by 2802: 2675: 2616:Norman conquest of England 2592: 2542: 2437: 2314: 2303: 2296: 2242: 2172: 2003:and limited settlement of 286:British diaspora in Africa 29: 10681: 10646: 10608: 10570: 10547: 10540: 10533: 10481: 10423: 10407: 10392: 10335: 10260: 10253: 10213: 10185: 10142: 10135: 10080: 9877: 9849: 9780: 9704: 9619: 9497: 9493: 9484: 9440: 9431: 9379: 9370: 9340: 9304: 9278: 9245: 9187: 9156: 9108: 9052: 9043: 8654:Wolfgang Vierick (1964), 8566:"Research and Statistics" 8523:Bowler, Peter J. (2001). 8174:. Australian Government. 8085:Chui, Tina (April 2008). 8004:1980 United States Census 7702:26 September 2007 at the 7617:Focus on Geography Series 7496:"Full England scoreboard" 6471:. Retrieved 10 July 2006. 6259:Archaeology and Migration 6096:Wise, Gildas the (1899). 5339:Multicultural Nationalism 4232:Genetic history of Europe 3276:both had English parents. 3232: 3153:2020 United States census 2681: 2492:(1016–1035) was Danish). 2293:History of English people 2118:Oxford History of England 1865:United Kingdom portal 1621:Music of Northern Ireland 1601:Music in Medieval England 1533:Welsh-language literature 651:Abbots Bromley Horn Dance 271: 247: 242: 186: 181: 170: 165: 154: 143: 132: 121: 110: 99: 83: 78: 10774:Ethnic groups in England 10506:Kingdom of Great Britain 9902:British Virgin Islanders 9646:The Football Association 8772:10.1177/1468796806063748 8460:"2009 Church Statistics" 8404:. London. Archived from 7740:27 November 2007 at the 6880:22 December 2021 at the 6836:24 December 2021 at the 6559:11 November 2010 at the 6481:The Adventure of English 6192:115.462 (2000): 513–533. 5946:17 December 2019 at the 4941:21 February 2022 at the 4410: 3611:Religious observance of 3499:, whose titular head is 3436: 3405:. Others went to become 2995:2010 UK general election 2828:resettlement of the Jews 2822:with the English. Since 2773:Kingdom of Great Britain 2661:Presentment of Englishry 2261:, an Insular masterpiece 2206:Indo-European migrations 2072:Annual Population Survey 2036:Kingdom of Great Britain 1367:Late Summer Bank Holiday 234:, and other faiths (see 9131:History of Anglo-Saxons 8900:"The Routes of English" 8853:Nations and Nationalism 8037:10 January 2016 at the 7946:18 January 2017 at the 7903:Social Science Research 7875:16 October 2015 at the 7721:11 October 2007 at the 7095:Oxford University Press 6687:"Liberation of Ireland" 6244:24 January 2016 at the 6132:6 December 2007 at the 6077:15 October 2018 at the 5475:Davies, Norman (1999). 5401:Institute of Governance 5344:Oxford University Press 5092:10.1093/ehr/115.462.513 4212:Architecture of England 4007:, which was written in 3993:, he is best known for 3565:, the patron saint was 3503:although the worldwide 2894:Commonwealth of Nations 2864:There has been a small 2849:illegal in 1685 in the 2589:Norman and Angevin rule 2434:Vikings and the Danelaw 2107:In 1965, the historian 1933: 1126:Romani people (Gypsies) 33:Demographics of England 9864:English-speaking world 9457:Elizabethan government 9322:Kingdom of East Anglia 9317:Kingdom of Northumbria 8997:Quotations related to 8804:Hodder & Stoughton 8469:. 2009. Archived from 8365:Carr, Raymond (2003). 8202:7 October 2021 at the 7758:24 August 2011 at the 7667:Statistics New Zealand 7370:10.1093/publius/pjj012 6806:5 January 2019 at the 6467:8 October 2017 at the 6170:115.462 (2000): p. 523 5911:Constable and Robinson 5107:Origins of the English 4655:Cole, Jeffrey (2011). 4300:English-speaking world 4251:(historical estimates) 4237:European ethnic groups 4187:List of English people 4005:Anglo-Saxon literature 4000: 3781:international language 3686: 3543: 3488: 3370: 3316:English New Zealanders 3277: 3171:Prior to this, in the 3148: 2851:Edict of Fontainebleau 2841:After the French king 2769:Parliament of Scotland 2611: 2461: 2391: 2345: 2311:Anglo-Saxon settlement 2262: 2140: 37:English-speaking world 10654:British Sign Language 10499:Principality of Wales 10343:Bailiwick of Guernsey 10226:British–Irish Council 10214:Political cooperation 10195:Bailiwick of Guernsey 9663:Rugby Football League 9146:Settlement of Britain 8789:on 21 September 2011. 8685:The Routes of English 8568:. Church of England. 8542:. Church of England. 8223:on 20 September 2008. 7970:. 18 September 1992. 7879:By Dominic J. Pulera. 7734:Key Statistics Report 7600:19 April 2021 at the 6789:on 27 September 2007. 6372:"Relative Chronology" 6271:Dark, Ken R. (2003). 6098:"The Ruin of Britain" 6070:Eva Botkin-Kowacki, ' 5288:on 28 September 2008. 5128:The Anglo-Saxon World 5059:The Anglo-Saxon State 5002:10.15184/aqy.2016.193 4962:(in Norwegian Bokmål) 4880:Nature Communications 4803:Nature Communications 4247:Population of England 4192:Old English (Ireland) 3952: 3648: 3595:Roman Catholic Church 3549:is recognised as the 3533: 3483: 3365: 3264: 3222:in the 17th century. 3192:Scots-Irish Americans 3135: 2939:West Lothian question 2602: 2593:Further information: 2543:Further information: 2451: 2438:Further information: 2386: 2340: 2315:Further information: 2252: 2221:Pontic-Caspian Steppe 2173:Further information: 2113: 2034:merged to become the 1760:Palace of Westminster 1566:British popular music 1217:British Sign Language 290:English New Zealander 243:Related ethnic groups 216:Catholic Emancipation 10273:Islands of the Clyde 9967:New Forest Commoners 9680:Rugby Football Union 9348:House of Plantagenet 8936:Blackwell Publishers 8798:Watching the English 8744:on 10 December 2008. 8609:on 15 September 2016 8408:on 18 September 2011 8383:on 11 November 2011. 8379:. UK. Archived from 8041:by Stanley Lieberson 7849:United States census 7571:United States census 7230:. 20 December 2006. 7097:. pp. 192–193. 6630:on 16 December 2010. 6586:The Story of Britain 6462:List of sources used 6430:The Age of Athelstan 6358:Medieval Archaeology 6057:24 July 2013 at the 5980:585, 390–396 (2020) 5481:Macmillan Publishing 5477:The Isles: A History 5389:on 21 December 2016. 5346:. pp. 149–150. 5325:on 6 September 2011. 5176:on 21 September 2010 4517:United States census 4485:. 11 December 2012. 4404:New Zealand European 4315:Early Modern English 4017:The Battle of Maldon 4015:and the fragmentary 3996:The Canterbury Tales 3911:improve this section 3761:Early Modern English 3589:, which is also the 3553:of England, and the 3495:of the realm is the 3493:established religion 3367:William Henry Hudson 3220:Plantation of Ulster 2746:James VI of Scotland 2636:House of Plantagenet 2394:The exact nature of 2257:to Matthew from the 2198:Neolithic Revolution 2145:The Isles: A History 1750:World Heritage Sites 1680:Football in Scotland 812:World Heritage Sites 206:), as well as other 31:For other uses, see 10659:Irish Sign Language 10516:Kingdom of Scotland 10353:Bailiwick of Jersey 10336:Lists of islands of 9912:Chagossians (Îlois) 9892:Ascension Islanders 9232:Union with Scotland 9212:English Reformation 9207:English Renaissance 9136:Anglo-Saxon England 8503:on 22 November 2010 8066:on 13 December 2017 7941:US Census 2000 data 7851:. 21 September 2023 7764:National Statistics 7641:12 May 2021 at the 7622:21 May 2018 at the 7573:. 21 September 2023 7423:. 16 January 2007. 7200:. 24 October 2006. 6995:. 25 January 2007. 6907:on 11 February 2010 6875:Postwar immigration 6676:, s.v. 'Englishry'. 6487:, 2003. p. 22. 6455:4 July 2017 at the 6257:Stefan Burmeister, 6013:2022Natur.610..112G 5956:10.1038/ncomms10408 5710:. 19 January 2019. 5676:10.1038/nature07331 5668:2008Natur.456...98N 5608:National Geographic 5563:10.1038/nature14317 5555:2015Natur.522..207H 5434:National Statistics 5409:15 May 2011 at the 5225:, pp. 262–290. 5170:"Act of Union 1707" 5109:Duckworth, London. 4900:10.1038/ncomms10326 4892:2016NatCo...710326M 4867:10.1038/ncomms10326 4824:10.1038/ncomms10408 4816:2016NatCo...710408S 4764:10.1038/nature14230 4756:2015Natur.519..309. 4636:. 23 September 2019 4565:. 8 February 2017. 4266:TV programme, 2006) 4222:English nationalism 4072:Christopher Marlowe 4056:William Shakespeare 3619:. According to the 3534:A crowd celebrates 3507:is overseen by the 3476:Religion in England 3257:English Australians 3194:are descendants of 3013: 2931:Scottish Parliament 2664:(a rule by which a 2539:English unification 2525:of Old Norse origin 2458:King of the English 2259:Book of Lindisfarne 2213:Bell Beaker culture 2202:Steppe pastoralists 2188:, descended from a 2050:English nationality 2032:Kingdom of Scotland 1974:partially Romanised 1705:Cricket in Scotland 1675:Football in England 1559:and performing arts 1523:Scottish literature 1402:Saint Patrick's Day 1357:Spring Bank Holiday 304:Part of a series on 236:Religion in England 75: 62:Englander (surname) 10511:Kingdom of Ireland 10494:Kingdom of England 10241:Common Travel Area 10187:Crown Dependencies 10022:Ulster Protestants 9982:Pitcairn Islanders 9927:Falkland Islanders 9761:Saint George's Day 9353:House of Lancaster 9164:Kingdom of England 9065:History of England 8924:Young, Robert J.C. 8794:Fox, Kate (2004). 8710:on 31 October 2012 8371:by Krishnan Kumar" 8111:on 25 March 2009. 7474:10.1057/bp.2009.12 7070:on 7 November 2014 6360:55.1 (2011): 1–28. 6104:. pp. 4–252. 5436:, 21 February 2006 5264:on 14 August 2021. 4995:(354): 1670–1680. 4709:. Etymonline.com. 4384:English Australian 4330:Brythonic language 4202:Culture of England 4027:. For many years, 4001: 3836:possibly contains 3817:English literature 3767:to London and the 3757:North West England 3693:, a member of the 3687: 3544: 3536:Saint George's Day 3505:Anglican Communion 3489: 3458:Culture of England 3371: 3358:English Argentines 3278: 3245:Canada 2016 Census 3149: 3011: 2878:East India Company 2781:Kingdom of Ireland 2750:James I of England 2740:by England by the 2716:St Patrick's Cross 2612: 2604:Battle of Hastings 2462: 2392: 2346: 2306:History of England 2299:History of English 2263: 2155:In December 2010, 2038:. Over the years, 2028:Kingdom of England 2024:Acts of Union 1707 2009:French Protestants 1985:Kingdom of England 1766:Angel of the North 1700:Cricket in Ireland 1695:Cricket in England 1596:English folk music 1571:British rock music 1518:English literature 1392:Saint Andrew's Day 1387:Saint George's Day 1083:Modern ethnicities 869:England portal 661:English folk music 564:Saint George's Day 460:Culture of England 278:English Australian 148:40,000–1.6 million 73: 10756: 10755: 10752: 10751: 10677: 10676: 10529: 10528: 10388: 10387: 10249: 10248: 10040: 10039: 10012:Tristan Islanders 9809: 9808: 9776: 9775: 9700: 9699: 9606:Science education 9599:Church of England 9480: 9479: 9427: 9426: 9366: 9365: 9332:Kingdom of Sussex 9327:Kingdom of Mercia 9179:Wars of the Roses 8945:978-1-4051-0129-5 8906:. 1 August 2015. 8891:978-0-14-026723-5 8839:978-0-521-77736-0 8813:978-0-340-81886-2 8600:CAFOD, Ipsos MORI 8540:"Facts and Stats" 8467:Church of England 8101:978-0-662-48324-3 8060:Statistics Canada 7950:, table PHC-T-43. 7766:, 8 January 2004. 7089:Kenny, M (2014). 6862:978-81-7824-154-8 6722:, BBC Worldwide. 6330:Coates, Richard. 6007:(7930): 112–119. 5920:978-1-84529-158-7 5614:on 19 March 2021. 5539:(7555): 207–211. 5353:978-0-19-928071-1 5105:Hills, C. (2003) 4960:sciencenordic.com 4861:7, 10326 (2016). 4750:(7543): 309–314. 4672:978-1-59884-302-6 4603:978-0-621-41388-5 4562:Statistics Canada 4519:. 10 October 2023 4389:English Brazilian 4379:English Argentine 4267: 4252: 4068:Sir Philip Sidney 3947: 3946: 3939: 3881: 3880: 3873: 3838:original research 3769:Great Vowel Shift 3731:dialect levelling 3621:Church of England 3587:Church of England 3497:Church of England 3431:sugar plantations 3391:railway engineers 3239:English Canadians 3137:George Washington 3128:English Americans 3109:England and Wales 3104: 3103: 2991:English Democrats 2834:immigration from 2700:St Andrew's Cross 2689:St George's Cross 2606:, 1066 (from the 2545:Treaty of Wedmore 2343:Sutton Hoo helmet 2341:A replica of the 2325:Sub-Roman Britain 2208:5,000 years ago. 2194:Neolithic farmers 2080:national identity 2068:ethnic minorities 2063:and the present. 2022:citizens. In the 1901: 1900: 1834:God Save the King 1820:Dieu et mon droit 1755:Buckingham Palace 1685:Football in Wales 1611:Music of Scotland 1576:British pop music 1397:Saint David's Day 905: 904: 453: 452: 299: 298: 212:Roman Catholicism 16:(Redirected from 10786: 10714:Irish Travellers 10545: 10544: 10541:Modern languages 10538: 10537: 10489:Irish Free State 10446:Northern Ireland 10405: 10404: 10258: 10257: 10166:Northern Ireland 10144:Sovereign states 10140: 10139: 10067: 10060: 10053: 10044: 10043: 9869:British diaspora 9859:English language 9836: 9829: 9822: 9813: 9812: 9789: 9751:Royal supporters 9552:Landscape garden 9522:Country clothing 9495: 9494: 9491: 9490: 9438: 9437: 9377: 9376: 9312:Kingdom of Essex 9075:Local government 9050: 9049: 9029: 9022: 9015: 9006: 9005: 8996: 8981: 8949: 8933: 8919: 8917: 8915: 8895: 8869: 8843: 8817: 8801: 8790: 8788: 8782:. Archived from 8755: 8745: 8740:. Archived from 8720: 8719: 8717: 8715: 8706:. Archived from 8694: 8688: 8682: 8676: 8675: 8652: 8646: 8645: 8643: 8641: 8625: 8619: 8618: 8616: 8614: 8608: 8597: 8589: 8583: 8581: 8579: 8577: 8562: 8556: 8555: 8553: 8551: 8536: 8530: 8528: 8520: 8514: 8512: 8510: 8508: 8492: 8486: 8485: 8483: 8481: 8475: 8464: 8456: 8450: 8449: 8447: 8445: 8424: 8418: 8417: 8415: 8413: 8391: 8385: 8384: 8362: 8356: 8355: 8353: 8351: 8336: 8330: 8329: 8327: 8325: 8319: 8312: 8304: 8298: 8297: 8277: 8271: 8270: 8264: 8262: 8234: 8225: 8224: 8213: 8207: 8194: 8188: 8187: 8185: 8183: 8162: 8156: 8153: 8147: 8146: 8144: 8142: 8123: 8117: 8116: 8110: 8104:. Archived from 8093: 8082: 8076: 8075: 8073: 8071: 8048: 8042: 8029: 8023: 8022: 8020: 8018: 8012: 8001: 7993: 7987: 7986: 7984: 7982: 7976: 7965: 7957: 7951: 7938: 7932: 7927:Mary C. Waters, 7925: 7919: 7912: 7906: 7899: 7893: 7886: 7880: 7867: 7861: 7860: 7858: 7856: 7841: 7835: 7834: 7828: 7826: 7809: 7803: 7802: 7800: 7798: 7792: 7781: 7773: 7767: 7750: 7744: 7731: 7725: 7712: 7706: 7689: 7683: 7682: 7680: 7678: 7664: 7652: 7646: 7633: 7627: 7614: 7605: 7592: 7583: 7582: 7580: 7578: 7563: 7557: 7556: 7554: 7552: 7538: 7532: 7526: 7520: 7519: 7517: 7515: 7492: 7486: 7485: 7461:British Politics 7455: 7449: 7443: 7437: 7436: 7434: 7432: 7413: 7407: 7406: 7404: 7402: 7396: 7389: 7380: 7374: 7373: 7353: 7347: 7346: 7335: 7329: 7323: 7317: 7316: 7314: 7312: 7296: 7290: 7289: 7287: 7285: 7279: 7272: 7263: 7257: 7250: 7244: 7243: 7241: 7239: 7220: 7214: 7213: 7211: 7209: 7190: 7184: 7183: 7181: 7179: 7160: 7154: 7153: 7151: 7149: 7127: 7121: 7115: 7109: 7108: 7086: 7080: 7079: 7077: 7075: 7069: 7063:. Archived from 7058: 7047: 7041: 7040: 7038: 7036: 7015: 7009: 7008: 7006: 7004: 6985: 6976: 6975: 6973: 6971: 6949: 6943: 6942: 6940: 6938: 6923: 6917: 6916: 6914: 6912: 6900:Evening Standard 6891: 6885: 6872: 6866: 6865: 6848: 6842: 6827: 6818: 6811:, Owen Bowcott, 6797: 6791: 6790: 6785:. Archived from 6779: 6773: 6772: 6770: 6768: 6753: 6747: 6737: 6731: 6713: 6707: 6706: 6704: 6702: 6683: 6677: 6671: 6665: 6664: 6662: 6660: 6638: 6632: 6631: 6626:. Archived from 6624:Heritage History 6616: 6610: 6602: 6596: 6579: 6573: 6550: 6544: 6543: 6541: 6539: 6520: 6514: 6513: 6511: 6509: 6494: 6488: 6478: 6472: 6446: 6440: 6427: 6421: 6420: 6418: 6416: 6400: 6394: 6393: 6391: 6389: 6383: 6376: 6367: 6361: 6354: 6348: 6347: 6345: 6343: 6327: 6321: 6314: 6308: 6303:Toby F. Martin, 6301: 6295: 6294: 6292: 6290: 6284: 6277: 6268: 6262: 6255: 6249: 6232: 6226: 6225: 6223: 6221: 6199: 6193: 6186: 6180: 6177: 6171: 6164: 6158: 6143: 6137: 6124: 6118: 6117: 6115: 6113: 6093: 6087: 6068: 6062: 6049: 6043: 6042: 6032: 5990: 5984: 5974: 5968: 5964: 5958: 5931: 5925: 5924: 5902: 5896: 5895: 5893: 5891: 5885: 5878: 5870: 5864: 5863: 5861: 5859: 5841: 5832:(7): 1008–1021. 5815: 5809: 5808: 5798: 5763: 5757: 5756: 5754: 5752: 5730: 5724: 5723: 5721: 5719: 5704: 5698: 5697: 5687: 5662:(7218): 98–101. 5644: 5635: 5634: 5622: 5616: 5615: 5610:. Archived from 5599: 5593: 5592: 5582: 5548: 5521: 5512: 5511: 5501: 5495: 5494: 5472: 5466: 5459:Taylor, A. J. P. 5456: 5450: 5444: 5438: 5421:"78 per cent of 5419: 5413: 5403:Briefing No. 7. 5397: 5391: 5390: 5385:. Archived from 5372: 5366: 5365: 5356:. Archived from 5333: 5327: 5326: 5321:. Archived from 5308: 5302: 5296: 5290: 5289: 5272: 5266: 5265: 5248: 5242: 5232: 5226: 5220: 5214: 5206: 5200: 5192: 5186: 5185: 5183: 5181: 5166: 5160: 5159: 5154: 5152: 5137: 5131: 5124: 5118: 5103: 5097: 5096: 5094: 5085:(462): 513–533. 5068: 5062: 5055: 5049: 5048: 5046: 5044: 5039:. 31 August 2019 5029: 5023: 5022: 5004: 4978: 4972: 4971: 4969: 4967: 4951: 4945: 4928: 4922: 4921: 4911: 4855: 4846: 4845: 4835: 4792: 4786: 4785: 4775: 4732: 4723: 4722: 4720: 4718: 4699: 4693: 4692: 4686: 4684: 4652: 4646: 4645: 4643: 4641: 4626: 4617: 4614: 4612: 4595: 4585: 4579: 4578: 4576: 4574: 4553: 4547: 4546: 4535: 4529: 4528: 4526: 4524: 4509: 4503: 4502: 4496: 4494: 4471: 4450: 4447: 4441: 4438: 4432: 4421: 4399:English Canadian 4374:English American 4325:Cornish language 4320:Cumbric language 4295:English language 4261: 4250: 4217:English folklore 4177:English diaspora 4170: 4165: 4164: 4163: 4132:J. R. R. Tolkien 4045:Geoffrey Chaucer 3988: 3985: 3981: 3980: 3977: 3976: 3973: 3970: 3967: 3964: 3954:Geoffrey Chaucer 3942: 3935: 3931: 3928: 3922: 3891: 3883: 3876: 3869: 3865: 3862: 3856: 3853:inline citations 3829: 3828: 3821: 3751:, was spoken in 3691:English language 3683: 3677: 3671: 3665: 3593:, 9.6% with the 3540:Trafalgar Square 3443:English Chileans 3294:north of England 3200:Northern English 3014: 3010: 3007:English diaspora 3001:English diaspora 2789:Irish Free State 2686: 2474:Alfred the Great 2455: 2410:aduentus Saxonum 2219:people from the 2186:hunter-gatherers 2103: 1966:Southern Britain 1947:Germanic peoples 1936: 1921:English language 1919:, who speak the 1893: 1886: 1879: 1863: 1862: 1861: 1710:Cricket in Wales 1606:English art song 1131:Irish Travellers 1090:British identity 1025:Historic peoples 993:Second World War 978:Edwardian period 966:Victorian period 932: 923: 907: 906: 897: 890: 883: 867: 866: 865: 671:Long Sword dance 579:Harvest Festival 574:Guy Fawkes Night 569:Commonwealth Day 509:Country clothing 471: 462: 455: 454: 445: 438: 431: 320: 301: 300: 282:English Canadian 274:English American 224:Islam in England 190:, traditionally 103:English diaspora 84:United Kingdom: 76: 72: 65: 58: 51: 21: 18:English ancestry 10794: 10793: 10789: 10788: 10787: 10785: 10784: 10783: 10759: 10758: 10757: 10748: 10704:English Gypsies 10673: 10642: 10604: 10585:Scottish Gaelic 10566: 10525: 10477: 10419: 10396: 10384: 10331: 10327:Isles of Scilly 10268:Channel Islands 10245: 10209: 10181: 10131: 10076: 10071: 10041: 10036: 9987:Saint Helenians 9873: 9845: 9840: 9810: 9805: 9792: 9785: 9772: 9746:Royal standards 9696: 9615: 9476: 9423: 9362: 9336: 9300: 9274: 9241: 9217:Elizabethan era 9183: 9169:Norman Conquest 9152: 9104: 9090:English society 9039: 9033: 8989: 8984: 8978: 8952: 8946: 8922: 8913: 8911: 8892: 8872: 8840: 8814: 8793: 8786: 8753: 8732: 8728: 8723: 8713: 8711: 8696: 8695: 8691: 8683: 8679: 8672: 8653: 8649: 8639: 8637: 8626: 8622: 8612: 8610: 8606: 8595: 8591: 8590: 8586: 8575: 8573: 8564: 8563: 8559: 8549: 8547: 8538: 8537: 8533: 8521: 8517: 8506: 8504: 8495: 8493: 8489: 8479: 8477: 8476:on 8 April 2016 8473: 8462: 8458: 8457: 8453: 8443: 8441: 8426: 8425: 8421: 8411: 8409: 8392: 8388: 8363: 8359: 8349: 8347: 8338: 8337: 8333: 8323: 8321: 8317: 8310: 8306: 8305: 8301: 8294: 8278: 8274: 8260: 8258: 8251: 8235: 8228: 8215: 8214: 8210: 8206:– Ancestry 2016 8204:Wayback Machine 8195: 8191: 8181: 8179: 8164: 8163: 8159: 8154: 8150: 8140: 8138: 8125: 8124: 8120: 8108: 8102: 8091: 8083: 8079: 8069: 8067: 8052:"Ethnic Origin" 8050: 8049: 8045: 8039:Wayback Machine 8030: 8026: 8016: 8014: 8010: 7999: 7995: 7994: 7990: 7980: 7978: 7974: 7963: 7959: 7958: 7954: 7948:Wayback Machine 7939: 7935: 7926: 7922: 7913: 7909: 7900: 7896: 7887: 7883: 7877:Wayback Machine 7868: 7864: 7854: 7852: 7843: 7842: 7838: 7824: 7822: 7811: 7810: 7806: 7796: 7794: 7790: 7784:Webcitation.org 7779: 7775: 7774: 7770: 7760:Wayback Machine 7751: 7747: 7742:Wayback Machine 7732: 7728: 7723:Wayback Machine 7713: 7709: 7704:Wayback Machine 7690: 7686: 7676: 7674: 7661:Microsoft Excel 7658: 7654: 7653: 7649: 7643:Wayback Machine 7634: 7630: 7624:Wayback Machine 7615: 7608: 7602:Wayback Machine 7593: 7586: 7576: 7574: 7565: 7564: 7560: 7550: 7548: 7540: 7539: 7535: 7527: 7523: 7513: 7511: 7494: 7493: 7489: 7456: 7452: 7444: 7440: 7430: 7428: 7415: 7414: 7410: 7400: 7398: 7394: 7387: 7381: 7377: 7354: 7350: 7337: 7336: 7332: 7324: 7320: 7310: 7308: 7297: 7293: 7283: 7281: 7277: 7270: 7264: 7260: 7251: 7247: 7237: 7235: 7222: 7221: 7217: 7207: 7205: 7192: 7191: 7187: 7177: 7175: 7170:. 1 June 1998. 7162: 7161: 7157: 7147: 7145: 7128: 7124: 7116: 7112: 7105: 7087: 7083: 7073: 7071: 7067: 7056: 7048: 7044: 7034: 7032: 7017: 7016: 7012: 7002: 7000: 6987: 6986: 6979: 6969: 6967: 6950: 6946: 6936: 6934: 6925: 6924: 6920: 6910: 6908: 6893: 6892: 6888: 6882:Wayback Machine 6873: 6869: 6863: 6849: 6845: 6838:Wayback Machine 6828: 6821: 6808:Wayback Machine 6798: 6794: 6781: 6780: 6776: 6766: 6764: 6763:on 14 July 2006 6755: 6754: 6750: 6738: 6734: 6714: 6710: 6700: 6698: 6685: 6684: 6680: 6672: 6668: 6658: 6656: 6640: 6639: 6635: 6618: 6617: 6613: 6603: 6599: 6580: 6576: 6561:Wayback Machine 6551: 6547: 6537: 6535: 6522: 6521: 6517: 6507: 6505: 6495: 6491: 6479: 6475: 6469:Wayback Machine 6457:Wayback Machine 6447: 6443: 6428: 6424: 6414: 6412: 6401: 6397: 6387: 6385: 6381: 6374: 6368: 6364: 6355: 6351: 6341: 6339: 6328: 6324: 6315: 6311: 6302: 6298: 6288: 6286: 6282: 6275: 6269: 6265: 6256: 6252: 6246:Wayback Machine 6233: 6229: 6219: 6217: 6200: 6196: 6187: 6183: 6178: 6174: 6165: 6161: 6144: 6140: 6134:Wayback Machine 6125: 6121: 6111: 6109: 6094: 6090: 6079:Wayback Machine 6069: 6065: 6059:Wayback Machine 6050: 6046: 5991: 5987: 5975: 5971: 5965: 5961: 5948:Wayback Machine 5932: 5928: 5921: 5903: 5899: 5889: 5887: 5883: 5876: 5872: 5871: 5867: 5857: 5855: 5816: 5812: 5764: 5760: 5750: 5748: 5731: 5727: 5717: 5715: 5706: 5705: 5701: 5645: 5638: 5623: 5619: 5600: 5596: 5522: 5515: 5502: 5498: 5491: 5473: 5469: 5457: 5453: 5449:, pp. 1–2. 5445: 5441: 5420: 5416: 5411:Wayback Machine 5398: 5394: 5373: 5369: 5354: 5334: 5330: 5318:The Independent 5309: 5305: 5297: 5293: 5274: 5273: 5269: 5250: 5249: 5245: 5233: 5229: 5221: 5217: 5207: 5203: 5193: 5189: 5179: 5177: 5168: 5167: 5163: 5150: 5148: 5139: 5138: 5134: 5125: 5121: 5104: 5100: 5069: 5065: 5056: 5052: 5042: 5040: 5031: 5030: 5026: 4979: 4975: 4965: 4963: 4952: 4948: 4943:Wayback Machine 4929: 4925: 4856: 4849: 4793: 4789: 4733: 4726: 4716: 4714: 4701: 4700: 4696: 4682: 4680: 4673: 4653: 4649: 4639: 4637: 4628: 4627: 4620: 4610: 4604: 4593: 4587: 4586: 4582: 4572: 4570: 4555: 4554: 4550: 4537: 4536: 4532: 4522: 4520: 4511: 4510: 4506: 4492: 4490: 4473: 4472: 4468: 4464: 4459: 4454: 4453: 4448: 4444: 4439: 4435: 4422: 4418: 4413: 4408: 4394:English Chilean 4334: 4280: 4166: 4161: 4159: 4156: 4099:Charles Dickens 4095:Agatha Christie 4052:Elizabethan era 4037:medieval period 3986: 3961: 3957: 3943: 3932: 3926: 3923: 3908: 3892: 3877: 3866: 3860: 3857: 3842: 3830: 3826: 3819: 3813: 3741:Celtic language 3698:language family 3685: 3684: anomalies 3681: 3679: 3675: 3673: 3669: 3667: 3663: 3643: 3633: 3613:St George's Day 3563:Edward III 3555:flag of England 3538:at an event in 3517:Lords Spiritual 3485:Wells Cathedral 3478: 3472: 3460: 3454: 3445: 3439: 3397:and to work in 3395:civil engineers 3360: 3354: 3322: 3320:Pākehā settlers 3312: 3259: 3253: 3241: 3235: 3202:(specifically: 3130: 3124: 3097:72,204–210,915 3009: 3003: 2958:Richard English 2907: 2824:Oliver Cromwell 2811: 2801: 2783:, creating the 2765:Treaty of Union 2730: 2729: 2724: 2718: 2713: 2708: 2702: 2697: 2691: 2680: 2674: 2620:French speaking 2608:Bayeux Tapestry 2597: 2591: 2551: 2541: 2446: 2436: 2335: 2329:Ancient Britons 2313: 2308: 2302: 2295: 2247: 2241: 2182: 2177: 2171: 2132:Scotch Canadian 2109:A. J. P. Taylor 2101: 2092: 2052: 2001:Norman Conquest 1964:who settled in 1897: 1859: 1857: 1850: 1849: 1804:National anthem 1789: 1788: 1777: 1776: 1745: 1744: 1735: 1734: 1670: 1669: 1658: 1657: 1638: 1637: 1626: 1625: 1561: 1560: 1548: 1547: 1513: 1512: 1501: 1500: 1476: 1475: 1464: 1463: 1459:Modern Paganism 1424: 1423: 1412: 1411: 1322: 1321: 1310: 1309: 1275: 1274: 1263: 1262: 1238: 1237: 1222: 1221: 1197:Scottish Gaelic 1153: 1152: 1141: 1140: 1022: 1021: 1010: 1009: 988:Interwar period 983:First World War 954:Napoleonic Wars 949:Georgian period 944: 943: 919: 901: 863: 861: 854: 853: 844:National anthem 829: 828: 817: 816: 807: 806: 795: 794: 740: 739: 728: 727: 698: 697: 686: 685: 646: 645: 643:performing arts 609: 608: 559: 558: 529: 528: 504: 503: 458: 449: 272: 267: 196:non-conformists 87: 86:37.6 million in 85: 71: 66: 59: 52: 30: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 10792: 10782: 10781: 10776: 10771: 10769:English people 10754: 10753: 10750: 10749: 10747: 10746: 10741: 10736: 10731: 10729:Northern Irish 10726: 10721: 10716: 10711: 10706: 10701: 10696: 10691: 10685: 10683: 10679: 10678: 10675: 10674: 10672: 10671: 10666: 10661: 10656: 10650: 10648: 10644: 10643: 10641: 10640: 10635: 10630: 10625: 10620: 10614: 10612: 10606: 10605: 10603: 10602: 10597: 10592: 10587: 10582: 10576: 10574: 10568: 10567: 10565: 10564: 10559: 10553: 10551: 10542: 10535: 10531: 10530: 10527: 10526: 10524: 10523: 10518: 10513: 10508: 10503: 10502: 10501: 10491: 10485: 10483: 10479: 10478: 10476: 10475: 10470: 10465: 10460: 10459: 10458: 10453: 10448: 10443: 10436:United Kingdom 10433: 10427: 10425: 10424:Current states 10421: 10420: 10418: 10417: 10411: 10409: 10402: 10390: 10389: 10386: 10385: 10383: 10382: 10381: 10380: 10375: 10370: 10363:United Kingdom 10360: 10355: 10350: 10345: 10339: 10337: 10333: 10332: 10330: 10329: 10324: 10323: 10322: 10317: 10310:Northern Isles 10307: 10302: 10297: 10296: 10295: 10290: 10280: 10275: 10270: 10264: 10262: 10255: 10251: 10250: 10247: 10246: 10244: 10243: 10238: 10233: 10228: 10223: 10217: 10215: 10211: 10210: 10208: 10207: 10202: 10197: 10191: 10189: 10183: 10182: 10180: 10179: 10173: 10168: 10163: 10157:United Kingdom 10154: 10148: 10146: 10137: 10133: 10132: 10130: 10129: 10128: 10127: 10122: 10117: 10112: 10107: 10102: 10097: 10087: 10081: 10078: 10077: 10070: 10069: 10062: 10055: 10047: 10038: 10037: 10035: 10034: 10029: 10024: 10019: 10014: 10009: 10004: 9999: 9994: 9989: 9984: 9979: 9974: 9972:Northern Irish 9969: 9964: 9962:Montserratians 9959: 9954: 9949: 9939: 9934: 9929: 9924: 9919: 9914: 9909: 9904: 9899: 9894: 9889: 9884: 9878: 9875: 9874: 9872: 9871: 9866: 9861: 9856: 9850: 9847: 9846: 9843:British people 9839: 9838: 9831: 9824: 9816: 9807: 9806: 9804: 9803: 9798: 9791: 9790: 9782: 9781: 9778: 9777: 9774: 9773: 9771: 9770: 9765: 9764: 9763: 9753: 9748: 9743: 9738: 9733: 9732: 9731: 9721: 9716: 9710: 9708: 9702: 9701: 9698: 9697: 9695: 9694: 9689: 9688: 9687: 9682: 9672: 9671: 9670: 9665: 9655: 9654: 9653: 9648: 9638: 9637: 9636: 9625: 9623: 9617: 9616: 9614: 9613: 9608: 9603: 9602: 9601: 9591: 9590: 9589: 9579: 9574: 9572:Middle England 9569: 9564: 9559: 9554: 9549: 9544: 9539: 9534: 9529: 9524: 9519: 9514: 9509: 9504: 9498: 9488: 9482: 9481: 9478: 9477: 9475: 9474: 9469: 9464: 9459: 9454: 9453: 9452: 9441: 9435: 9429: 9428: 9425: 9424: 9422: 9421: 9416: 9411: 9406: 9401: 9396: 9391: 9386: 9380: 9374: 9368: 9367: 9364: 9363: 9361: 9360: 9355: 9350: 9344: 9342: 9338: 9337: 9335: 9334: 9329: 9324: 9319: 9314: 9308: 9306: 9305:Prior Kingdoms 9302: 9301: 9299: 9298: 9293: 9288: 9282: 9280: 9276: 9275: 9273: 9272: 9267: 9262: 9257: 9251: 9249: 9243: 9242: 9240: 9239: 9234: 9229: 9224: 9219: 9214: 9209: 9204: 9199: 9193: 9191: 9185: 9184: 9182: 9181: 9176: 9174:Angevin Empire 9171: 9166: 9160: 9158: 9154: 9153: 9151: 9150: 9149: 9148: 9143: 9138: 9128: 9123: 9118: 9112: 9110: 9106: 9105: 9103: 9102: 9100:United Kingdom 9097: 9092: 9087: 9082: 9077: 9072: 9067: 9062: 9056: 9054: 9047: 9041: 9040: 9038: articles 9032: 9031: 9024: 9017: 9009: 9003: 9002: 8999:English people 8988: 8987:External links 8985: 8983: 8982: 8976: 8958: 8957: 8956: 8951: 8950: 8944: 8920: 8896: 8890: 8874:Paxman, Jeremy 8870: 8860:(3): 469–487. 8848:Kumar, Krishan 8844: 8838: 8822:Kumar, Krishan 8818: 8812: 8791: 8766:(2): 123–158. 8746: 8729: 8727: 8724: 8722: 8721: 8689: 8677: 8670: 8647: 8620: 8584: 8557: 8531: 8515: 8487: 8451: 8419: 8386: 8357: 8331: 8299: 8292: 8272: 8250:978-1846318191 8249: 8226: 8208: 8189: 8157: 8148: 8118: 8100: 8077: 8043: 8024: 7988: 7952: 7933: 7920: 7907: 7894: 7881: 7862: 7836: 7804: 7768: 7745: 7726: 7707: 7684: 7647: 7628: 7606: 7584: 7558: 7533: 7531:, p. 478. 7521: 7487: 7468:(3): 363–385. 7450: 7448:, p. 484. 7438: 7408: 7397:on 1 June 2011 7375: 7348: 7330: 7328:, p. 128. 7318: 7291: 7258: 7256:, p. 266) 7245: 7215: 7185: 7155: 7122: 7120:, p. 262. 7110: 7104:978-0198778721 7103: 7081: 7042: 7010: 6977: 6944: 6918: 6886: 6867: 6861: 6843: 6831:Black Presence 6819: 6792: 6774: 6748: 6732: 6708: 6678: 6666: 6633: 6611: 6597: 6574: 6545: 6515: 6489: 6473: 6441: 6422: 6403:Fox, Bethany. 6395: 6362: 6349: 6322: 6309: 6296: 6263: 6250: 6227: 6194: 6181: 6172: 6159: 6138: 6119: 6102:Tertullian.org 6088: 6081:' (20/01/16), 6063: 6044: 5985: 5969: 5959: 5933:Schiffels, S. 5926: 5919: 5897: 5865: 5810: 5781:(2): 711–722. 5758: 5725: 5699: 5636: 5617: 5594: 5513: 5496: 5490:978-0333692837 5489: 5467: 5451: 5439: 5414: 5392: 5367: 5352: 5328: 5303: 5291: 5267: 5243: 5227: 5215: 5201: 5187: 5161: 5132: 5119: 5098: 5063: 5050: 5024: 4973: 4946: 4923: 4847: 4787: 4724: 4694: 4671: 4647: 4618: 4602: 4580: 4548: 4543:www.abs.gov.au 4530: 4504: 4479:www.ons.gov.uk 4465: 4463: 4460: 4458: 4455: 4452: 4451: 4442: 4433: 4415: 4414: 4412: 4409: 4407: 4406: 4401: 4396: 4391: 4386: 4381: 4376: 4371: 4366: 4361: 4356: 4351: 4346: 4340: 4333: 4332: 4327: 4322: 4317: 4312: 4310:Middle English 4307: 4302: 4297: 4292: 4286: 4279: 4278: 4273: 4268: 4253: 4244: 4239: 4234: 4229: 4224: 4219: 4214: 4209: 4204: 4199: 4197:Celtic peoples 4194: 4189: 4184: 4182:British people 4179: 4173: 4172: 4171: 4168:England portal 4155: 4152: 4140:Philip Pullman 4087:Arnold Bennett 4064:Edmund Spenser 4041:Middle English 3945: 3944: 3895: 3893: 3886: 3879: 3878: 3833: 3831: 3824: 3815:Main article: 3812: 3809: 3773:British Empire 3765:printing press 3702:Middle English 3680: 3674: 3668: 3662: 3632: 3629: 3567:St Edmund 3521:House of Lords 3474:Main article: 3471: 3468: 3456:Main article: 3453: 3450: 3441:Main article: 3438: 3435: 3356:Main article: 3353: 3350: 3311: 3308: 3272:, 1st and 2nd 3255:Main article: 3252: 3249: 3237:Main article: 3234: 3231: 3212:Northumberland 3157:White American 3143:, had English 3126:Main article: 3123: 3120: 3102: 3101: 3098: 3095: 3092: 3086: 3085: 3082: 3079: 3076: 3070: 3069: 3066: 3063: 3060: 3056: 3055: 3052: 3049: 3048:United States 3046: 3042: 3041: 3038: 3035: 3032: 3028: 3027: 3024: 3021: 3018: 3005:Main article: 3002: 2999: 2906: 2903: 2872:, and a small 2800: 2797: 2759:by passing an 2727:United Kingdom 2725: 2714: 2709: 2698: 2687: 2676:Main article: 2673: 2672:United Kingdom 2670: 2640:Angevin Empire 2590: 2587: 2569:. The English 2555:petty kingdoms 2540: 2537: 2484:(for example, 2435: 2432: 2389:petty kingdoms 2378:Burgh-by-Sands 2365:Romano-British 2333:Romano-Britons 2312: 2309: 2304:Main article: 2294: 2291: 2243:Main article: 2240: 2237: 2181: 2178: 2170: 2167: 2157:Matthew Parris 2130:, by origin a 2091: 2088: 2061:British Empire 2051: 2048: 1977:Celtic Britons 1905:English people 1899: 1898: 1896: 1895: 1888: 1881: 1873: 1870: 1869: 1868: 1867: 1852: 1851: 1848: 1847: 1842: 1837: 1830: 1823: 1816: 1811: 1806: 1801: 1796: 1790: 1784: 1783: 1782: 1779: 1778: 1775: 1774: 1769: 1762: 1757: 1752: 1746: 1742: 1741: 1740: 1737: 1736: 1733: 1732: 1727: 1722: 1717: 1712: 1707: 1702: 1697: 1692: 1687: 1682: 1677: 1671: 1665: 1664: 1663: 1660: 1659: 1656: 1655: 1650: 1645: 1639: 1633: 1632: 1631: 1628: 1627: 1624: 1623: 1618: 1616:Music of Wales 1613: 1608: 1603: 1598: 1593: 1588: 1583: 1578: 1573: 1568: 1562: 1555: 1554: 1553: 1550: 1549: 1546: 1545: 1543:British comics 1540: 1535: 1530: 1525: 1520: 1514: 1508: 1507: 1506: 1503: 1502: 1499: 1498: 1493: 1488: 1483: 1477: 1471: 1470: 1469: 1466: 1465: 1462: 1461: 1456: 1451: 1446: 1441: 1436: 1431: 1425: 1419: 1418: 1417: 1414: 1413: 1410: 1409: 1404: 1399: 1394: 1389: 1384: 1379: 1374: 1369: 1364: 1359: 1354: 1349: 1344: 1339: 1334: 1329: 1327:New Year's Day 1323: 1317: 1316: 1315: 1312: 1311: 1308: 1307: 1302: 1300:Northern Irish 1297: 1292: 1287: 1282: 1276: 1270: 1269: 1268: 1265: 1264: 1261: 1260: 1255: 1250: 1245: 1239: 1229: 1228: 1227: 1224: 1223: 1220: 1219: 1214: 1209: 1204: 1199: 1194: 1193: 1192: 1182: 1181: 1180: 1175: 1170: 1165: 1154: 1148: 1147: 1146: 1143: 1142: 1139: 1138: 1133: 1128: 1123: 1118: 1113: 1108: 1103: 1098: 1093: 1080: 1079: 1074: 1069: 1068: 1067: 1062: 1060:Northern Irish 1057: 1052: 1047: 1037: 1032: 1023: 1017: 1016: 1015: 1012: 1011: 1008: 1007: 1006: 1005: 995: 990: 985: 980: 975: 974: 973: 971:British Empire 963: 962: 961: 959:Regency period 956: 945: 939: 938: 937: 934: 933: 925: 924: 916: 915: 903: 902: 900: 899: 892: 885: 877: 874: 873: 872: 871: 856: 855: 852: 851: 846: 841: 836: 830: 824: 823: 822: 819: 818: 815: 814: 808: 802: 801: 800: 797: 796: 793: 792: 787: 782: 777: 772: 767: 762: 757: 752: 747: 741: 735: 734: 733: 730: 729: 726: 725: 720: 715: 710: 705: 699: 693: 692: 691: 688: 687: 684: 683: 678: 673: 668: 663: 658: 653: 647: 637: 636: 635: 632: 631: 625: 624: 618: 617: 611: 610: 607: 606: 601: 596: 591: 586: 581: 576: 571: 566: 560: 554: 553: 552: 549: 548: 542: 541: 531: 530: 527: 526: 521: 519:Morris Dancing 516: 511: 505: 499: 498: 497: 494: 493: 487: 486: 480: 479: 473: 472: 464: 463: 451: 450: 448: 447: 440: 433: 425: 422: 421: 420: 419: 414: 409: 404: 399: 394: 389: 384: 376: 375: 371: 370: 364: 363: 357: 356: 350: 349: 343: 342: 336: 335: 329: 328: 322: 321: 313: 312: 310:English people 306: 305: 297: 296: 269: 268: 266: 265: 260: 258:Celtic Britons 255: 253:British people 248: 245: 244: 240: 239: 184: 183: 179: 178: 168: 167: 163: 162: 156: 152: 151: 145: 141: 140: 134: 130: 129: 123: 119: 118: 112: 108: 107: 97: 96: 81: 80: 74:English people 69: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10791: 10780: 10777: 10775: 10772: 10770: 10767: 10766: 10764: 10745: 10742: 10740: 10737: 10735: 10732: 10730: 10727: 10725: 10722: 10720: 10717: 10715: 10712: 10710: 10707: 10705: 10702: 10700: 10697: 10695: 10692: 10690: 10687: 10686: 10684: 10680: 10670: 10667: 10665: 10662: 10660: 10657: 10655: 10652: 10651: 10649: 10645: 10639: 10636: 10634: 10631: 10629: 10626: 10624: 10621: 10619: 10616: 10615: 10613: 10611: 10607: 10601: 10598: 10596: 10593: 10591: 10588: 10586: 10583: 10581: 10578: 10577: 10575: 10573: 10569: 10563: 10560: 10558: 10555: 10554: 10552: 10550: 10546: 10543: 10539: 10536: 10532: 10522: 10519: 10517: 10514: 10512: 10509: 10507: 10504: 10500: 10497: 10496: 10495: 10492: 10490: 10487: 10486: 10484: 10482:Former states 10480: 10474: 10471: 10469: 10466: 10464: 10461: 10457: 10454: 10452: 10449: 10447: 10444: 10442: 10439: 10438: 10437: 10434: 10432: 10429: 10428: 10426: 10422: 10416: 10413: 10412: 10410: 10408:Island groups 10406: 10403: 10400: 10395: 10391: 10379: 10376: 10374: 10371: 10369: 10366: 10365: 10364: 10361: 10359: 10356: 10354: 10351: 10349: 10346: 10344: 10341: 10340: 10338: 10334: 10328: 10325: 10321: 10318: 10316: 10313: 10312: 10311: 10308: 10306: 10303: 10301: 10298: 10294: 10291: 10289: 10286: 10285: 10284: 10281: 10279: 10278:Great Britain 10276: 10274: 10271: 10269: 10266: 10265: 10263: 10261:Island groups 10259: 10256: 10252: 10242: 10239: 10237: 10234: 10232: 10229: 10227: 10224: 10222: 10219: 10218: 10216: 10212: 10206: 10203: 10201: 10198: 10196: 10193: 10192: 10190: 10188: 10184: 10177: 10174: 10172: 10169: 10167: 10164: 10162: 10158: 10155: 10153: 10150: 10149: 10147: 10145: 10141: 10138: 10134: 10126: 10123: 10121: 10118: 10116: 10113: 10111: 10108: 10106: 10103: 10101: 10098: 10096: 10093: 10092: 10091: 10088: 10086: 10083: 10082: 10079: 10075: 10074:British Isles 10068: 10063: 10061: 10056: 10054: 10049: 10048: 10045: 10033: 10030: 10028: 10025: 10023: 10020: 10018: 10015: 10013: 10010: 10008: 10007:Spanish Brits 10005: 10003: 10000: 9998: 9995: 9993: 9990: 9988: 9985: 9983: 9980: 9978: 9975: 9973: 9970: 9968: 9965: 9963: 9960: 9958: 9955: 9953: 9950: 9947: 9943: 9940: 9938: 9935: 9933: 9932:Gibraltarians 9930: 9928: 9925: 9923: 9920: 9918: 9915: 9913: 9910: 9908: 9905: 9903: 9900: 9898: 9895: 9893: 9890: 9888: 9885: 9883: 9880: 9879: 9876: 9870: 9867: 9865: 9862: 9860: 9857: 9855: 9852: 9851: 9848: 9844: 9837: 9832: 9830: 9825: 9823: 9818: 9817: 9814: 9802: 9799: 9797: 9794: 9793: 9788: 9784: 9783: 9779: 9769: 9766: 9762: 9759: 9758: 9757: 9754: 9752: 9749: 9747: 9744: 9742: 9739: 9737: 9734: 9730: 9729:national flag 9727: 9726: 9725: 9722: 9720: 9717: 9715: 9712: 9711: 9709: 9707: 9703: 9693: 9690: 9686: 9685:national team 9683: 9681: 9678: 9677: 9676: 9673: 9669: 9668:national team 9666: 9664: 9661: 9660: 9659: 9656: 9652: 9651:national team 9649: 9647: 9644: 9643: 9642: 9639: 9635: 9634:national team 9632: 9631: 9630: 9627: 9626: 9624: 9622: 9618: 9612: 9609: 9607: 9604: 9600: 9597: 9596: 9595: 9592: 9588: 9585: 9584: 9583: 9580: 9578: 9575: 9573: 9570: 9568: 9565: 9563: 9560: 9558: 9555: 9553: 9550: 9548: 9545: 9543: 9540: 9538: 9535: 9533: 9530: 9528: 9525: 9523: 9520: 9518: 9515: 9513: 9510: 9508: 9505: 9503: 9502:Afternoon tea 9500: 9499: 9496: 9492: 9489: 9487: 9483: 9473: 9470: 9468: 9465: 9463: 9460: 9458: 9455: 9451: 9448: 9447: 9446: 9443: 9442: 9439: 9436: 9434: 9430: 9420: 9417: 9415: 9412: 9410: 9407: 9405: 9402: 9400: 9397: 9395: 9392: 9390: 9387: 9385: 9382: 9381: 9378: 9375: 9373: 9369: 9359: 9358:House of York 9356: 9354: 9351: 9349: 9346: 9345: 9343: 9339: 9333: 9330: 9328: 9325: 9323: 9320: 9318: 9315: 9313: 9310: 9309: 9307: 9303: 9297: 9294: 9292: 9289: 9287: 9284: 9283: 9281: 9277: 9271: 9268: 9266: 9265:Edwardian era 9263: 9261: 9260:Victorian era 9258: 9256: 9253: 9252: 9250: 9248: 9244: 9238: 9235: 9233: 9230: 9228: 9225: 9223: 9220: 9218: 9215: 9213: 9210: 9208: 9205: 9203: 9202:Stuart period 9200: 9198: 9195: 9194: 9192: 9190: 9186: 9180: 9177: 9175: 9172: 9170: 9167: 9165: 9162: 9161: 9159: 9155: 9147: 9144: 9142: 9139: 9137: 9134: 9133: 9132: 9129: 9127: 9124: 9122: 9121:Roman Britain 9119: 9117: 9114: 9113: 9111: 9107: 9101: 9098: 9096: 9095:British Isles 9093: 9091: 9088: 9086: 9083: 9081: 9078: 9076: 9073: 9071: 9068: 9066: 9063: 9061: 9058: 9057: 9055: 9051: 9048: 9046: 9042: 9037: 9030: 9025: 9023: 9018: 9016: 9011: 9010: 9007: 9000: 8995: 8991: 8990: 8979: 8977:9781781387061 8973: 8969: 8965: 8960: 8959: 8954: 8953: 8947: 8941: 8937: 8932: 8931: 8925: 8921: 8909: 8905: 8901: 8897: 8893: 8887: 8883: 8882:Penguin Books 8879: 8875: 8871: 8867: 8863: 8859: 8855: 8854: 8849: 8845: 8841: 8835: 8831: 8827: 8823: 8819: 8815: 8809: 8805: 8800: 8799: 8792: 8785: 8781: 8777: 8773: 8769: 8765: 8761: 8760: 8752: 8747: 8743: 8739: 8735: 8731: 8730: 8709: 8705: 8704: 8699: 8693: 8686: 8681: 8673: 8671:3-631-33066-9 8667: 8663: 8657: 8651: 8635: 8631: 8624: 8605: 8601: 8594: 8588: 8571: 8567: 8561: 8545: 8541: 8535: 8526: 8519: 8502: 8498: 8497:"Life Events" 8491: 8472: 8468: 8461: 8455: 8439: 8435: 8434: 8429: 8423: 8407: 8403: 8402: 8397: 8390: 8382: 8378: 8377: 8376:The Spectator 8372: 8370: 8361: 8345: 8341: 8335: 8316: 8309: 8303: 8295: 8293:9781846318191 8289: 8285: 8284: 8276: 8268: 8256: 8252: 8246: 8242: 8241: 8233: 8231: 8222: 8218: 8212: 8205: 8201: 8198: 8193: 8177: 8173: 8172: 8167: 8161: 8152: 8136: 8132: 8128: 8122: 8115: 8107: 8103: 8097: 8090: 8089: 8081: 8065: 8061: 8057: 8053: 8047: 8040: 8036: 8033: 8028: 8009: 8005: 7998: 7992: 7973: 7969: 7962: 7956: 7949: 7945: 7942: 7937: 7930: 7924: 7917: 7911: 7904: 7898: 7891: 7885: 7878: 7874: 7871: 7866: 7850: 7846: 7840: 7832: 7820: 7816: 7815: 7808: 7789: 7785: 7778: 7772: 7765: 7761: 7757: 7754: 7749: 7743: 7739: 7735: 7730: 7724: 7720: 7716: 7711: 7705: 7701: 7698:; see p. 43) 7697: 7693: 7688: 7672: 7668: 7662: 7657: 7651: 7644: 7640: 7637: 7632: 7626:– 2016 Census 7625: 7621: 7618: 7613: 7611: 7603: 7599: 7596: 7591: 7589: 7572: 7568: 7562: 7547: 7543: 7537: 7530: 7525: 7509: 7505: 7501: 7500:Election 2010 7497: 7491: 7483: 7479: 7475: 7471: 7467: 7463: 7462: 7454: 7447: 7442: 7426: 7422: 7418: 7412: 7393: 7386: 7379: 7371: 7367: 7363: 7359: 7352: 7344: 7340: 7334: 7327: 7322: 7306: 7302: 7295: 7276: 7269: 7262: 7255: 7249: 7233: 7229: 7225: 7219: 7203: 7199: 7195: 7189: 7173: 7169: 7165: 7159: 7143: 7139: 7138: 7133: 7126: 7119: 7114: 7106: 7100: 7096: 7092: 7085: 7066: 7062: 7055: 7054: 7046: 7030: 7026: 7025: 7020: 7014: 6998: 6994: 6993:The Economist 6990: 6984: 6982: 6965: 6961: 6960: 6955: 6948: 6932: 6928: 6922: 6906: 6902: 6901: 6896: 6890: 6883: 6879: 6876: 6871: 6864: 6858: 6854: 6847: 6840: 6839: 6835: 6832: 6826: 6824: 6816: 6815: 6810: 6809: 6805: 6802: 6796: 6788: 6784: 6778: 6762: 6758: 6752: 6745: 6744:Jeremy Paxman 6741: 6736: 6729: 6728:0-563-53747-7 6725: 6721: 6717: 6712: 6696: 6692: 6688: 6682: 6675: 6670: 6654: 6650: 6648: 6643: 6637: 6629: 6625: 6621: 6615: 6608: 6607: 6601: 6595: 6594:0-297-83311-1 6591: 6588:, Artus 1979 6587: 6583: 6578: 6571: 6567: 6563: 6562: 6558: 6555: 6549: 6533: 6529: 6525: 6519: 6504: 6500: 6493: 6486: 6482: 6477: 6470: 6466: 6463: 6459: 6458: 6454: 6451: 6445: 6439: 6438:0-7524-2566-8 6435: 6431: 6426: 6410: 6406: 6399: 6380: 6373: 6366: 6359: 6353: 6337: 6333: 6326: 6319: 6313: 6306: 6300: 6281: 6274: 6267: 6260: 6254: 6247: 6243: 6240: 6236: 6235:Todd, Malcolm 6231: 6215: 6211: 6210: 6205: 6198: 6191: 6185: 6176: 6169: 6163: 6156: 6155:0-00-712693-X 6152: 6148: 6147:Francis Pryor 6142: 6135: 6131: 6128: 6123: 6107: 6103: 6099: 6092: 6086: 6085: 6080: 6076: 6073: 6067: 6060: 6056: 6053: 6048: 6040: 6036: 6031: 6026: 6022: 6018: 6014: 6010: 6006: 6002: 6001: 5996: 5989: 5983: 5979: 5973: 5963: 5957: 5953: 5949: 5945: 5942: 5941: 5936: 5930: 5922: 5916: 5912: 5908: 5901: 5882: 5875: 5869: 5853: 5849: 5845: 5840: 5835: 5831: 5827: 5826: 5821: 5814: 5806: 5802: 5797: 5792: 5788: 5784: 5780: 5776: 5775: 5770: 5762: 5746: 5742: 5741: 5736: 5729: 5713: 5709: 5703: 5695: 5691: 5686: 5681: 5677: 5673: 5669: 5665: 5661: 5657: 5656: 5651: 5643: 5641: 5632: 5628: 5621: 5613: 5609: 5605: 5598: 5590: 5586: 5581: 5576: 5572: 5568: 5564: 5560: 5556: 5552: 5547: 5542: 5538: 5534: 5533: 5528: 5520: 5518: 5509: 5508: 5507:The Spectator 5500: 5492: 5486: 5482: 5478: 5471: 5464: 5460: 5455: 5448: 5443: 5437: 5435: 5429: 5424: 5418: 5412: 5408: 5405: 5402: 5396: 5388: 5384: 5383: 5378: 5371: 5363: 5359: 5355: 5349: 5345: 5341: 5340: 5332: 5324: 5320: 5319: 5314: 5307: 5300: 5295: 5287: 5283: 5282: 5281:The Economist 5277: 5271: 5263: 5259: 5258: 5253: 5247: 5240: 5236: 5231: 5224: 5219: 5212: 5211: 5205: 5198: 5197: 5191: 5175: 5171: 5165: 5158: 5146: 5142: 5136: 5129: 5123: 5116: 5115:0-7156-3191-8 5112: 5108: 5102: 5093: 5088: 5084: 5080: 5079: 5074: 5067: 5060: 5054: 5038: 5034: 5028: 5020: 5016: 5012: 5008: 5003: 4998: 4994: 4990: 4989: 4984: 4977: 4961: 4957: 4950: 4944: 4940: 4937: 4933: 4927: 4919: 4915: 4910: 4905: 4901: 4897: 4893: 4889: 4885: 4881: 4877: 4873: 4868: 4864: 4860: 4854: 4852: 4843: 4839: 4834: 4829: 4825: 4821: 4817: 4813: 4809: 4805: 4804: 4799: 4791: 4783: 4779: 4774: 4769: 4765: 4761: 4757: 4753: 4749: 4745: 4744: 4739: 4731: 4729: 4712: 4708: 4704: 4698: 4690: 4678: 4674: 4668: 4664: 4660: 4659: 4651: 4635: 4631: 4625: 4623: 4609: 4605: 4599: 4592: 4591: 4584: 4568: 4564: 4563: 4558: 4552: 4544: 4540: 4534: 4518: 4514: 4508: 4501: 4488: 4484: 4480: 4476: 4470: 4466: 4446: 4437: 4430: 4426: 4420: 4416: 4405: 4402: 4400: 4397: 4395: 4392: 4390: 4387: 4385: 4382: 4380: 4377: 4375: 4372: 4370: 4367: 4365: 4362: 4360: 4357: 4355: 4352: 4350: 4349:Anglo-Burmese 4347: 4345: 4342: 4341: 4339: 4338: 4331: 4328: 4326: 4323: 4321: 4318: 4316: 4313: 4311: 4308: 4306: 4303: 4301: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4290:Anglicisation 4288: 4287: 4285: 4284: 4277: 4276:White British 4274: 4272: 4269: 4265: 4259: 4258: 4254: 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K. Rowling 4145: 4144:Douglas Adams 4141: 4137: 4133: 4129: 4128: 4123: 4120:In 2003, the 4118: 4116: 4112: 4111:George Orwell 4108: 4107:A. E. Housman 4104: 4100: 4096: 4092: 4091:Rupert Brooke 4088: 4084: 4079: 4077: 4073: 4069: 4065: 4061: 4057: 4053: 4048: 4046: 4042: 4038: 4034: 4030: 4026: 4022: 4018: 4014: 4010: 4006: 3998: 3997: 3992: 3979: 3955: 3951: 3941: 3938: 3930: 3927:February 2020 3920: 3916: 3912: 3906: 3905: 3901: 3896:This section 3894: 3890: 3885: 3884: 3875: 3872: 3864: 3861:February 2020 3854: 3850: 3846: 3840: 3839: 3834:This section 3832: 3823: 3822: 3818: 3808: 3806: 3802: 3798: 3794: 3793:communication 3790: 3786: 3782: 3778: 3774: 3770: 3766: 3762: 3758: 3754: 3750: 3746: 3742: 3738: 3734: 3732: 3728: 3724: 3723: 3717: 3715: 3711: 3707: 3703: 3699: 3696: 3695:West Germanic 3692: 3660: 3656: 3652: 3647: 3642: 3638: 3628: 3626: 3622: 3618: 3614: 3609: 3607: 3603: 3600: 3596: 3592: 3588: 3584: 3581:on behalf of 3580: 3576: 3572: 3571:St Alban 3568: 3564: 3560: 3556: 3552: 3548: 3541: 3537: 3532: 3528: 3526: 3525:parish church 3522: 3518: 3514: 3510: 3509:General Synod 3506: 3502: 3498: 3494: 3486: 3482: 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2875: 2871: 2867: 2862: 2860: 2856: 2852: 2848: 2847:Protestantism 2844: 2839: 2837: 2833: 2829: 2825: 2821: 2817: 2810: 2806: 2796: 2792: 2790: 2786: 2782: 2778: 2774: 2770: 2766: 2762: 2758: 2753: 2751: 2747: 2743: 2739: 2735: 2728: 2722: 2717: 2712: 2711:Great Britain 2706: 2701: 2695: 2690: 2685: 2679: 2669: 2667: 2663: 2662: 2656: 2653: 2648: 2643: 2641: 2637: 2633: 2629: 2624: 2621: 2617: 2609: 2605: 2601: 2596: 2586: 2584: 2583:Eamont Bridge 2580: 2575: 2572: 2568: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2550: 2546: 2536: 2534: 2530: 2526: 2522: 2518: 2514: 2510: 2506: 2502: 2498: 2493: 2491: 2487: 2481: 2479: 2475: 2471: 2470:British Isles 2467: 2459: 2452:Æthelred II ( 2450: 2445: 2441: 2431: 2427: 2424: 2418: 2416: 2412: 2411: 2406: 2402: 2397: 2390: 2385: 2381: 2379: 2375: 2370: 2366: 2361: 2359: 2355: 2351: 2344: 2339: 2334: 2330: 2326: 2322: 2321:Roman Britain 2318: 2307: 2300: 2290: 2288: 2287:Celtic Briton 2283: 2279: 2275: 2271: 2267: 2260: 2256: 2251: 2246: 2236: 2232: 2230: 2229:British 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Retrieved 4478: 4469: 4445: 4436: 4428: 4419: 4359:Anglo-Indian 4354:Metis people 4336: 4335: 4282: 4281: 4257:100% English 4255: 4127:The Big Read 4125: 4119: 4103:Thomas Hardy 4080: 4060:Thomas Nashe 4049: 4025:The Wanderer 4021:The Seafarer 4002: 3994: 3987: 1340s 3953: 3933: 3924: 3909:Please help 3897: 3867: 3858: 3835: 3735: 3720: 3718: 3688: 3658: 3654: 3650: 3610: 3591:state church 3575:first martyr 3557:consists of 3551:patron saint 3547:Saint George 3545: 3490: 3461: 3446: 3411:missionaries 3384: 3375:Buenos Aires 3372: 3339: 3323: 3298: 3282:colonial era 3279: 3242: 3224: 3185: 3170: 3161:demographers 3150: 3113: 3105: 3094:New Zealand 2984: 2979: 2971: 2962: 2953:John Curtice 2951: 2947:Paul Johnson 2924: 2916:English flag 2908: 2899: 2863: 2840: 2820:intermarried 2812: 2793: 2777:Act of Union 2761:Act of Union 2754: 2731: 2659: 2657: 2644: 2628:King Stephen 2613: 2576: 2571:nation state 2552: 2532: 2528: 2520: 2516: 2512: 2508: 2504: 2500: 2496: 2494: 2482: 2463: 2428: 2419: 2408: 2393: 2369:Roman Empire 2362: 2350:Anglo-Saxons 2347: 2317:Anglo-Saxons 2284: 2280: 2276: 2272: 2268: 2264: 2233: 2210: 2183: 2160: 2154: 2143: 2141: 2116: 2114: 2106: 2093: 2084:white people 2065: 2053: 2013: 1981:Anglo-Saxons 1955: 1949:who invaded 1929:Anglo-Saxons 1909:ethnic group 1904: 1902: 1825: 1818: 1799:Coat of arms 1764: 1730:Gaelic games 1720:Rugby league 1486:Scottish art 1429:Christianity 1352:Victoria Day 1190:Ulster Scots 1111:British Jews 1088: 1082: 1081: 1044: 1024: 839:Coat of arms 790:Table tennis 760:Field hockey 681:Mummers play 676:Morris dance 483: 309: 188:Christianity 176:British Sign 144:South Africa 115:46.5 million 101:Significant 100: 70:Ethnic group 67: 45: 10628:Guernésiais 10473:Isle of Man 10358:Isle of Man 10305:Isle of Man 10205:Isle of Man 10090:Terminology 10002:Shetlanders 9997:Scots Gaels 9942:Hongkongers 9937:Guernésiais 9882:Anglo-Irish 9854:Anglosphere 9675:Rugby union 9507:Anglophilia 9450:Middle Ages 9255:Regency era 9247:Late Modern 9157:Middle Ages 9116:Prehistoric 8878:The English 8759:Ethnicities 8714:27 November 8640:18 December 8550:21 February 8480:21 February 8444:18 February 8412:18 February 8182:21 February 8056:2001 Census 8017:20 December 7981:30 November 7855:23 December 7825:18 December 7677:18 December 7148:10 February 6740:The English 6582:A. L. Rowse 6508:27 February 6415:21 February 6289:21 February 5718:21 February 5237:, pp. 5043:31 December 4616:51,770,560. 4573:14 December 4493:21 February 4425:Old English 4364:Anglo-Irish 4305:Old English 4227:Manx people 4207:English art 4136:Jane Austen 4083:Jane Austen 4009:Old English 3991:Middle Ages 3714:Old English 3678: 'ah' 3672: 'aa' 3637:Old English 3625:Palm Sunday 3602:Protestants 3599:Free church 3501:Charles III 3415:black sheep 3346:2018 census 3331:New Zealand 3327:1851 census 3310:New Zealand 3304:2016 census 3300:Australians 3216:Westmorland 3173:2000 census 3051:46,550,968 3023:Population 2882:British Raj 2870:slave trade 2816:assimilated 2486:Æthelred II 2476:signed the 2225:Corded Ware 2124:Great Power 1715:Rugby union 1481:English art 1434:No religion 1362:The Twelfth 1337:Good Friday 1212:Angloromani 1136:Other White 775:Lawn tennis 417:New Zealand 208:Protestants 194:, but also 192:Anglicanism 155:New Zealand 137:6.3 million 126:8.3 million 48:(TV series) 46:The English 10763:Categories 10638:Sercquiais 9907:Caymanians 9897:Bermudians 9887:Anguillans 9768:Tudor rose 9472:Parliament 8613:31 October 8507:31 October 7890:Demography 7577:21 October 7529:Kumar 2010 7514:9 February 7446:Kumar 2010 7431:9 February 7401:9 February 7254:Kumar 2003 7238:9 February 7208:9 February 7178:9 February 7140:. London. 7118:Kumar 2003 7074:7 November 7035:9 February 7003:9 February 6970:29 October 6937:29 October 6538:30 October 5909:. 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