English people - Knowledge

5265:(2000): " ... immigration in the nucleus of the Anglo-Saxon settlement does not seem aptly described in terms of the 'elite-dominance model.' To all appearances, the settlement was carried out by small, agriculture-oriented kinship groups. This process corresponds more closely to a classic settler model. The absence of early evidence of a socially demarcated elite underscores the supposition that such an elite did not play a substantial role. Rich burials such as are well known from Denmark have no counterparts in England until the 6th century. At best, the elite-dominance model might apply in the peripheral areas of the settlement territory, where an immigration predominantly comprised of men and the existence of hybrid cultural forms might support it." 2954: 1434:

migration and population shift seems to be most applicable in the cases of eastern regions such as East Anglia and Lincolnshire, while in parts of Northumbria, much of the native population likely remained in place as the incomers took over as elites. In a study of place names in northeastern England and southern Scotland, Bethany Fox found that the migrants settled in large numbers in river valleys, such as those of the Tyne and the Tweed, with the Britons moving to the less fertile hill country and becoming acculturated over a longer period. Fox describes the process by which English came to dominate this region as "a synthesis of mass-migration and elite-takeover models."

2137: 2485: 2650: 1993:, however, found that 61 per cent would support such a parliament being established. Krishan Kumar notes that support for measures to ensure that only English MPs can vote on legislation that applies only to England is generally higher than that for the establishment of an English parliament, although support for both varies depending on the timing of the opinion poll and the wording of the question. Electoral support for English nationalist parties is also low, even though there is public support for many of the policies they espouse. The 469: 1254: 2535: 1388: 1688: 1453: 1342: 2367: 2292:, with the English being the dominant group. Among the leading ancestries, increases in Australian, Irish and German ancestries and decreases in English, Scottish and Welsh ancestries appear to reflect such shifts in perception or reporting. These reporting shifts at least partly resulted from changes in the design of the census question, in particular the introduction of a tick box format in 2001. English Australians have more often come from the 1604: 2251:, 'English' was the most common ethnic origin (ethnic origin refers to the ethnic or cultural group(s) to which the respondent's ancestors belong) recorded by respondents; 6,320,085 people or 18.3% of the population self-identified themselves as wholly or partly English. On the other hand, people identifying as Canadian but not English may have previously identified as English before the option of identifying as Canadian was available. 2893: 7998: 3166: 864: 2831: 318: 2266: 1425:

to Anglo-Saxonisation have been proposed. One is similar to culture changes observed in Russia, North Africa and parts of the Islamic world, where a politically and socially powerful minority culture becomes, over a rather short period, adopted by a settled majority. This process is usually termed "elite dominance". The second process is explained through incentives, such as the

1286:

earlier settlement of the Anglo-Saxons, it was calculated that up to 6% of it could have come from Danish Vikings, with a further 4% contribution from a Norwegian-like source representing the Norwegian Vikings. The study also found an average 18% admixture from a source further south in Europe, which was interpreted as reflecting the legacy of French migration under the Normans.

1108:". Kumar suggests that although this blurring is a sign of England's dominant position with the UK, it is also "problematic for the English when it comes to conceiving of their national identity. It tells of the difficulty that most English people have of distinguishing themselves, in a collective way, from the other inhabitants of the British Isles". 3878:; Hunter-Mann, Kurt; Montgomery, Janet; Müldner, Gundula; McLaughlin, Russell L.; Teasdale, Matthew D.; Van Rheenen, Wouter; Veldink, Jan H.; Van Den Berg, L. H.; Hardiman, Orla; Carroll, Maureen; Roskams, Steve; Oxley, John; Morgan, Colleen; Thomas, Mark G.; Barnes, Ian; McDonnell, Christine; Collins, Matthew J.; Bradley, Daniel G. (19 January 2016). 6601: 1430:

aristocracy, in some cases marrying into it and leaving Celtic names in the, admittedly very dubious, early lists of Anglo-Saxon dynasties. But how we identify the surviving Britons in areas of predominantly Anglo-Saxon settlement, either archaeologically or linguistically, is still one of the deepest problems of early English history."

1384:, in Cumbria: a 4th-century inscription says that the Roman military unit "Numerus Maurorum Aurelianorum" ("unit of Aurelian Moors") from Mauretania (Morocco) was stationed there. Although the Roman Empire incorporated peoples from far and wide, genetic studies suggest the Romans did not significantly mix into the British population. 2111:

of birth, revealing that 8.1% of Scotland's population, 3.7% of the population of Northern Ireland and 20% of the Welsh population were born in England. Similarly, the census of the Republic of Ireland does not collect information on ethnicity, but it does record that there are over 200,000 people living in Ireland who were born in

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to those from the Iron Age and Roman burials, while samples from much of modern England, East Anglia in particular, were closer to the Anglo-Saxon-era burial. This was found to demonstrate a "profound impact" from the Anglo-Saxon migrations on the modern English gene pool, though no specific percentages were given in the study.

4341: 2531:, whether or not they have been baptised in the church. Actual attendance has declined steadily since 1890, with around one million, or 10% of the baptised population attending Sunday services on a regular basis (defined as once a month or more) and three million -roughly 15%- joining Christmas Eve and Christmas services. 5245: 2527:. In 2010, the Church of England counted 25 million baptised members out of the 41 million Christians in Great Britain's population of about 60 million; around the same time, it also claimed to baptise one in eight newborn children. Generally, anyone in England may marry or be buried at their local 3570: 1941:. In policy areas for which the devolved administrations in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have responsibility, the UK Parliament votes on laws that consequently only apply to England. Because the Westminster Parliament is composed of MPs from throughout the United Kingdom, this has given rise to the " 2001:, accounting for 0.3 per cent of all votes cast in England. Kumar argued in 2010 that "despite devolution and occasional bursts of English nationalism – more an expression of exasperation with the Scots or Northern Irish – the English remain on the whole satisfied with current constitutional arrangements". 2310:, 7.8 million or 36.1% of the population identified as "English" or a combination including English, a numerical increase from 7.2 million over the 2011 census figure. The census also documented 907,572 residents or 3.9% of Australia as being born in England, and are the largest overseas-born population. 1900:

was encouraged due to labour shortages during post World War II rebuilding. However, these groups are often still considered to be ethnic minorities and research has shown that black and Asian people in the UK are more likely to identify as British rather than with one of the state's four constituent

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elite almost universally replaced the Anglo-Saxon aristocracy and church leaders. After the conquest, "English" normally included all natives of England, whether they were of Anglo-Saxon, Scandinavian or Celtic ancestry, to distinguish them from the Norman invaders, who were regarded as "Norman" even

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This view was later re-evaluated by some archaeologists and historians, with a more small-scale migration being posited, possibly based around an elite of male warriors that took over the rule of the country and gradually acculturated the people living there. Within this theory, two processes leading

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Another 2016 study conducted using evidence from burials found in northern England, found that a significant genetic difference was present in bodies from the Iron Age and the Roman period on the one hand, and the Anglo-Saxon period on the other. Samples from modern-day Wales were found to be similar

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One 2016 study, using Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon era DNA found at grave sites in Cambridgeshire, calculated that ten modern day eastern English samples had 38% Anglo-Saxon ancestry on average, while ten Welsh and Scottish samples each had 30% Anglo-Saxon ancestry, with a large statistical spread in all

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From the earliest times, English people have left England to settle in other parts of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It is impossible to identify their numbers, as British censuses have historically not invited respondents to identify themselves as English. However, the census does record place

1976:

Recent surveys of public opinion on the establishment of an English parliament have given widely varying conclusions. In the first five years of devolution for Scotland and Wales, support in England for the establishment of an English parliament was low at between 16 and 19%, according to successive

1964:

and Richard Hayton, meanwhile, argue that the resurgence in English nationalism predates devolution, being observable in the early 1990s, but that this resurgence does not necessarily have negative implications for the perception of the UK as a political union. Others question whether devolution has

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Throughout the history of the UK, the English have been dominant in population and in political weight. As a consequence, notions of 'Englishness' and 'Britishness' are often very similar. At the same time, after the Union of 1707, the English, along with the other peoples of the British Isles, have

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However, Alfred's successors subsequently won military victories against the Danes, incorporating much of the Danelaw into the nascent kingdom of England. Danish invasions continued into the 11th century, and there were both English and Danish kings in the period following the unification of England

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The influence of later invasions and migrations on the English population has been debated, as studies that sampled only modern DNA have produced uncertain results and have thus been subject to a large variety of interpretations. More recently, however, ancient DNA has been used to provide a clearer

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The 2011 England and Wales census reports that in England and Wales 32.4 million people associated themselves with an English identity alone and 37.6 million identified themselves with an English identity either on its own or combined with other identities, being 57.7% and 67.1% respectively of the

1904:

A nationally representative survey published in June 2021 found that a majority of respondents thought that being English was not dependent on race. 77% of white respondents in England agreed that "Being English is open to people of different ethnic backgrounds who identify as English", whereas 14%

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Since the Port of Valparaíso opened its coasts to free trade in 1811, the English began to congregate in Valparaíso. The English eventually numbered more than 32,000 during the port of Valparaíso's boom period during the saltpeter bonanza at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries.

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English ancestry is the largest single ancestry New Zealanders share. Several million New Zealanders are estimated to have some English ancestry From 1840, the English comprised the largest single group among New Zealand's overseas-born, consistently being over 50 percent of the total population.

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An emerging view is that the degree of population replacement by the Anglo-Saxons, and thus the degree of survival of the Romano-Britons, varied across England, and that as such the overall settlement of Britain by the Anglo-Saxons cannot be described by any one process in particular. Large-scale

1285:

A major 2020 study, which used DNA from Viking-era burials in various regions across Europe, found that modern English samples showed nearly equal contributions from a native British "North Atlantic" population and a Danish-like population. While much of the latter signature was attributed to the

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A third study combined the ancient data from both of the preceding studies and compared it to a large number of modern samples from across Britain and Ireland. This study found that modern southern, central and eastern English populations were of "a predominantly Anglo-Saxon-like ancestry" while

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Leslie, Stephen; Winney, Bruce; Hellenthal, Garrett; Davison, Dan; Boumertit, Abdelhamid; Day, Tammy; Hutnik, Katarzyna; Royrvik, Ellen C.; Cunliffe, Barry; Lawson, Daniel J.; Falush, Daniel; Freeman, Colin; Pirinen, Matti; Myers, Simon; Robinson, Mark; Donnelly, Peter; Bodmer, Walter (19 March

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was an emerging nation and the settlers were welcomed for the stability they brought to commercial life. As the 19th century progressed, more English families arrived, and many bought land to develop the potential of the Argentine pampas for the large-scale growing of crops. The English founded

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of English heritage are often seen, and identify, as simply "American" due to the many historic cultural ties between England and the U.S. and their influence on the country's population. Relative to ethnic groups of other European origins, this may be due to the early establishment of English

1913:

The 1990s witnessed a resurgence of English national identity. Survey data shows a rise in the number of people in England describing their national identity as English and a fall in the number describing themselves as British. Today, black and minority ethnic people of England still generally

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The close genetic affinity of these Beaker people to Continental North Europeans means that British and Irish populations cluster genetically very closely with other Northwest European populations, regardless of how much Anglo-Saxon and Viking ancestry was introduced during the 1st millennium.

1905:

were of the view that "Only people who are white count as truly English". Amongst ethnic minority respondents, the equivalent figures were 68% and 19%. Research has found that the proportion of people who consider being white to be a necessary component of Englishness has declined over time.

1959:

argues that "In the early years of devolution...there was little sign" of an English backlash against devolution for Scotland and Wales, but that more recently survey data shows tentative signs of "a form of English nationalism...beginning to emerge among the general public". Michael Kenny,

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remaining the prestige language of government and law largely out of social inertia. For example, Orderic Vitalis, a historian born in 1075 and the son of a Norman knight, said that he learned French only as a second language. Anglo-Norman continued to be used by the Plantagenet kings until

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outlined in the law code of Ine of Wessex which produced an incentive to become Anglo-Saxon or at least English speaking. Historian Malcolm Todd writes, "It is much more likely that a large proportion of the British population remained in place and was progressively dominated by a Germanic

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England itself has no devolved government. The 1990s witnessed a rise in English self-awareness. This is linked to the expressions of national self-awareness of the other British nations of Wales, Scotland and, to some extent, Northern Ireland which take their most solid form in the new

1945:", a reference to the situation in which MPs representing constituencies outside England can vote on matters affecting only England, but MPs cannot vote on the same matters in relation to the other parts of the UK. Consequently, groups such as the CEP have called for the creation of a 7117:

the presence of the Canadian example has led to an increase in Canadian being reported and has had an impact on the counts of other groups, especially for French, English, Irish and Scottish. People who previously reported these origins in the census had the tendency to now report

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The number of people who described themselves as white in terms of population group and specified their first language as English in South Africa's 2011 Census was 1,603,575. The total white population with a first language specified was 4,461,409 and the total population was

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and their relationship with the Romano-British is a matter of debate. The traditional view is that a mass invasion by various Anglo-Saxon tribes largely displaced the indigenous British population in southern and eastern Britain (modern-day England with the exception of

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regard this as an undercount, as the index of inconsistency is high, and many, if not most, people from English stock have a tendency (since the introduction of a new 'American' category and ignoring the ancestry question in the 2000 census) to identify as simply

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describes a common slip of the tongue in which people say "English, I mean British". He notes that this slip is normally made only by the English themselves and by foreigners: "Non-English members of the United Kingdom rarely say 'British' when they mean

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came to the throne. Over time the English language became more important even in the court, and the Normans were gradually assimilated, until, by the 14th century, both rulers and subjects regarded themselves as English and spoke the English language.

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England has been the destination of varied numbers of migrants at different periods from the 17th century onwards. While some members of these groups seek to practise a form of pluralism, attempting to maintain a separate ethnic identity, others have

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began to form when the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms united against Danish Viking invasions, which began around 800 AD. Over the following century and a half England was for the most part a politically unified entity, and remained permanently so after 954.

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Schiffels, Stephan; Haak, Wolfgang; Paajanen, Pirita; Llamas, Bastien; Popescu, Elizabeth; Loe, Louise; Clarke, Rachel; Lyons, Alice; Mortimer, Richard; Sayer, Duncan; Tyler-Smith, Chris; Cooper, Alan; Durbin, Richard (19 January 2016).

1981:. A report, also based on the British Social Attitudes Survey, published in December 2010 suggests that only 29% of people in England support the establishment of an English parliament, though this figure had risen from 17% in 2007. 6876: 2194:, over 49 million (49,598,035) Americans claimed English ancestry, at the time around 26.3% of the total population and largest reported group which, even today, would make them the largest ethnic group in the United States. 3490: 5276: 1125:

was launched a generation ago, "England" was still an all-embracing word. It meant indiscriminately England and Wales; Great Britain; the United Kingdom; and even the British Empire. Foreigners used it as the name of a

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meant that small numbers of other peoples may have also been present in England before the Anglo-Saxons arrived. There is archaeological evidence, for example, of an early North African presence in a Roman garrison at

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Ross P. Byrne, Rui Martiniano, Lara M. Cassidy, Matthew Carrigan, Garrett Hellenthal, Orla Hardiman, Daniel G. Bradley, Russell McLaughlin: "Insular Celtic population structure and genomic footprints of migration"

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Novembre, John; Johnson, Toby; Bryc, Katarzyna; Kutalik, Zoltán; Boyko, Adam R.; Auton, Adam; Indap, Amit; King, Karen S.; Bergmann, Sven; Nelson, Matthew R.; Stephens, Matthew; Bustamante, Carlos D. (2008).

7203: 2159:, English Americans were the largest group in the United States with 46.5 million Americans self-identifying as having some English origins (many combined with another heritage) representing (19.8%) of the 1098:

It is unclear how many British people consider themselves English. The words "English" and "British" are often incorrectly used interchangeably, especially outside the UK. In his study of English identity,

1949:, claiming that there is now a discriminatory democratic deficit against the English. The establishment of an English parliament has also been backed by a number of Scottish and Welsh nationalists. Writer 1795:. The remainder became the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, although this name was not introduced until 1927, after some years in which the term "United Kingdom" had been little used. 4528:

Haak, Wolfgang; Lazaridis, Iosif; Patterson, Nick; Rohland, Nadin; Mallick, Swapan; Llamas, Bastien; Brandt, Guido; Nordenfelt, Susanne; Harney, Eadaoin; Stewardson, Kristin; Fu, Qiaomei (11 June 2015).

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said they were British, while only 5 per cent said they were English, Scottish or Welsh", and the largest percentage of non-whites to identify as English were the people who described their ethnicity as

2779:, English spread around the world from the 17th to mid-20th centuries. Through newspapers, books, the telegraph, the telephone, phonograph records, radio, satellite television, broadcasters (such as the 4770:

Athanasiadis, G.; Cheng, J. Y.; Vilhjalmsson, B. J.; Jorgensen, F. G.; Als, T. D.; Le Hellard, S.; Espeseth, T.; Sullivan, P. F.; Hultman, C. M.; Kjaergaard, P. C.; Schierup, M. H.; Mailund, T. (2016).

2122:, and settled in significant numbers in some areas. Substantial populations descended from English colonists and immigrants exist in the United States, Canada, Australia, South Africa and New Zealand. 1662:

Despite the assimilation of the Normans, the distinction between 'English' and 'French' survived in official documents long after it had fallen out of common use, in particular in the legal phrase

7138: 2612:. 4.8% were Muslim, 3.4% were members of other religions, 5.3% were agnostics, 6.8% were atheists and 15.0% were not sure about their religious affiliation or refused to answer to the question. 1138:, was not ashamed to describe himself as "Prime Minister of England" Now terms have become more rigorous. The use of "England" except for a geographic area brings protests, especially from the 2348:

census, there were 215,589 English-born representing 21.5% of all overseas-born residents or 5 percent of the total population and the most-common birthplace outside New Zealand. In the recent

1476:

were gradually followed by a succession of Danish settlers in England. At first, the Vikings were very much considered a separate people from the English. This separation was enshrined when

1169:, analysing the use of "English" over "British", argued that English identity, rather than growing, had existed all along but has recently been unmasked from behind a veneer of Britishness. 1965:

led to a rise in English national identity at all, arguing that survey data fails to portray the complex nature of national identities, with many people considering themselves both English

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A landmark 2022 study titled "The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool", found the English to be of plurality Anglo-Saxon-like ancestry, with heavy native

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of the Anglo-Saxon period; in the Northern and Eastern parts of England the language of Danish settlers had influenced the language, a fact still evident in Northern English dialects.

1918:(CEP) suggest the emergence of a broader civic and multi-ethnic English nationhood. Scholars and journalists have noted a rise in English self-consciousness, with increased use of the 4173: 4607: 3478: 1672:

had to prove an unidentified murdered body found on their soil to be that of an Englishman, rather than a Norman, if they wanted to avoid a fine). This law was abolished in 1340.

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Many recent immigrants to England have assumed a solely British identity, while others have developed dual or mixed identities. Use of the word "English" to describe Britons from

5078: 2470:, so influential has English culture been on the cultures of the British Isles and, on the other hand, given the extent to which other cultures have influenced life in England. 1371:"—the descendants of the native Brittonic-speaking population that lived in the area of Britain under Roman rule during the 1st–5th centuries AD. The multi-ethnic nature of the 6703: 6388: 1589:, as Wessex grew from a relatively small kingdom in the South West to become the founder of the Kingdom of the English, incorporating all Anglo-Saxon kingdoms and the Danelaw. 6873: 6308: 4326: 1998: 3611: 6659: 5967: 1063:

political arrangements within the United Kingdom – and the waning of a shared British national identity with the growing distance between the end of the

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who emigrated between the 16th and 18th centuries. Some definitions of English people include, while others exclude, people descended from later migration into England.

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Since the 18th century, England has been one part of a wider political entity covering all or part of the British Isles, which today is called the United Kingdom.

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Recent genetic studies have suggested that Britain's Neolithic population was largely replaced by a population from North Continental Europe characterised by the

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has suggested that like most dominant groups, the English have only demonstrated interest in their ethnic self-definition when they were feeling oppressed.

1812: 7637: 7130: 7055: 4884: 5786: 2716:. In the Middle English period Latin was the language of administration and the nobility spoke Norman French. Middle English was itself derived from the 1274:

cases. However, the authors noted that the similarity observed between the various sample groups was likely to be due to more recent internal migration.

1227:. This population lacked genetic affinity to some other Bell Beaker populations, such as the Iberian Bell Beakers, but appeared to be an offshoot of the 7754: 7911: 4279: 7573: 1411:, who gives the only contemporary historical account of the period, and describes the slaughter and starvation of native Britons by invading tribes ( 1231:

single grave people, as developed in Western Europe. It is currently unknown whether these Beaker peoples went on to develop Celtic languages in the

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An examination of the English ancestry of George Washington, setting forth the evidence to connect him with the Washingtons of Sulgrave and Brington

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However the names of some towns, cities, rivers etc. do have Brittonic or pre-Brittonic origins, becoming more frequent towards the west of Britain.

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Various contemporary sources suggest that within 50 years of the invasion most of the Normans outside the royal court had switched to English, with

5807: 7370: 5934: 5242: 7285: 7242: 7220: 5502: 2708:(the form of language in use by the English people from the 12th to the 15th century); Middle English was influenced lexically by Norman-French, 6791: 6068: 1499:

Gradually, the Danes in England came to be seen as 'English'. They had a noticeable impact on the English language: many English words, such as

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of English descent, are both the single largest ethnic group in Australia and the largest 'ancestry' identity in the Australian census. In the

1791:. In 1922, about two-thirds of the Irish population (those who lived in 26 of the 32 counties of Ireland), left the United Kingdom to form the 1681: 7311: 7011: 6642: 6271: 5109: 5217: 9782: 9346: 5535: 4380: 3427:

Spellings of this name most common in modern texts are "Ethelred" and "Æthelred" (or "Aethelred"), the latter being closer to the original

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banks, developed the export trade in crops and animal products and imported the luxuries that the growing Argentine middle classes sought.

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tribes that began migrating to eastern and southern Britain, from southern Denmark and northern Germany, in the 5th century AD, after the

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Michael E. Weale, Deborah A. Weiss, Rolf F. Jager, Neil Bradman, Mark G. Thomas, Y "Chromosome Evidence for Anglo-Saxon Mass Migration",

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to establish the Danelaw, a division of England between English and Danish rule, with the Danes occupying northern and eastern England.

9356: 8905: 8565: 7547: 7399: 6947: 6848: 6570: 848: 6395: 5075: 8837: 6235: 6205: 5760: 5339: 4748: 1528: 6695: 6000: 4855: 3942: 9239: 8030: 7035: 6975: 6304: 6175: 3245: 1865:, current estimates indicate that around 6 million people in the UK have at least one grandparent born in the Republic of Ireland. 717: 442: 6054:

Jones, Richard Wyn; Lodge, Guy; Jeffery, Charlie; Gottfried, Glenn; Scully, Roger; Henderson, Ailsa; Wincott, Daniel (July 2013).

2341:, given the strong representation in the mid and late-nineteenth century with the English being the largest in migration inflows. 9068: 4435: 1973:

found that 38% of English voters considered themselves both English and British, alongside 19% who felt English but not British.

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if born in England, for a generation or two after the Conquest. The Norman dynasty ruled England for 87 years until the death of

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Martiniano, R., Caffell, A., Holst, M. et al. "Genomic signals of migration and continuity in Britain before the Anglo-Saxons".

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as wholly or partly English. In addition, 1,035,133 recorded British ancestry. This was a numerical decrease from the census in

8945: 8078: 5382: 5957: 5456: 3714: 9366: 8949: 8453: 7947: 7893: 7841: 7815: 7737: 7103: 6816: 5864: 4922: 4408: 4355: 3674: 3605: 7701: 7109: 4232: 3633: 1090:

in England described their nationality as "English", non-white people were more likely to describe themselves as "British".

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Despite this, after the early 1850s, the English-born slowly fell from being a majority of the colonial population. In the

1178: 8002: 4947: 7169: 6022: 5412: 5212: 5133: 3516: 1831: 642: 2783:) and the Internet, as well as the emergence of the United States as a global superpower, Modern English has become the 1074:

in England is complicated by most non-white people in England identifying as British rather than English. In their 2004

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The English largely descend from two main historical population groups: the West Germanic tribes, including the Angles,

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identify as British rather than English to a greater extent than their white counterparts; however, groups such as the

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populations have only grown throughout the UK generally, as immigration from the British Empire and the subsequent

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been encouraged to think of themselves as British rather than to identify themselves with the constituent nations.

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Stanley Lieberson and Lawrence Santi, 'The Use of Nativity Data to Estimate Ethnic Characteristics and Patterns',

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There were once many different dialects of modern English in England, which were recorded in projects such as the

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Stanley Lieberson and Mary C. Waters, 'Ethnic Groups in Flux: The Changing Ethnic Responses of American Whites',

4828: 3028: 2914: 1978: 411: 7569: 9667: 8654: 8139: 7633: 7312:"Birthplace (detailed) For the census usually resident population count 2001, 2006, and 2013 Censuses Table 11" 7067: 5468: 4877: 3486: 2918: 2841: 2144: 1557:

The English population was not politically unified until the 10th century. Before then, there were a number of

1364:. The Anglo-Saxons gave their name to England ("Engla land", meaning "Land of the Angles") and to the English. 1079: 932: 694: 360: 332: 7787: 5790: 4508:

Parris, Matthew (18 December 2010). "With a shrug of the shoulders, England is becoming a nation once again".

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and simply to seek out a future. English families sent second and younger sons, or what were described as the

2333:, 50.5% of the total population were born in England, this proportion fell to 36.5% (1861) and 24.3% by 1881. 2233:

settlements; as well as to non-English groups having emigrated in order to establish significant communities.

9439: 8830: 8103: 7903: 7607: 5931:"English identity open to all, regardless of race, finds poll – and Three Lions is the symbol that unites us" 5087: 4289: 4081: 2467: 1669: 1047: 195: 4148: 2136: 9397: 8990: 8695: 8609: 8098: 8023: 7660:

Der English Dialect Survey und der Linguistic Survey of Scotland – Arbeitsmethoden und bisherige Ergebnisse

2598: 1552: 1481: 1361: 1193: 435: 5055: 1748:, which incorporated Wales into the English state. A new British identity was subsequently developed when 9449: 9376: 9061: 8754: 8709: 8570: 8088: 8083: 8063: 7851: 7825: 7474: 6971: 4242: 2644: 2609: 2277: 1946: 1156:

lists numerous examples in history books of "British" still being used to mean "English" and vice versa.

1100: 924: 880: 500: 490: 40: 2763:, but it died out in the 11th century although traces of it can still be found in the Cumbrian dialect. 2631:

and the Second Sunday of Easter inclusive, it is moved to the Monday after the Second Sunday of Easter.

9732: 9476: 9371: 9351: 9088: 9010: 8975: 8965: 8749: 8717: 8580: 8520: 8402: 8397: 7971: 7854:(2010). "Negotiating English identity: Englishness, Britishness and the future of the United Kingdom". 7833: 7384: 7224: 6464: 5930: 3347: 2730: 2725: 2077: 1619: 843: 406: 285: 147: 17: 6780: 5252:, in Cameron, Keith. "The nation: myth or reality?"bIntellect Books, 1994. Retrieved 21 December 2009. 2953: 1391:

Southern Britain in AD 600 after the Anglo-Saxon settlement, showing England's division into multiple

9229: 8560: 8412: 7347: 6545: 6499: 3542: 3235: 2191: 2184: 2176: 2156: 1873: 1367:

The Anglo-Saxons arrived in a land that was already populated by people commonly referred to as the "

1121: 650: 7000: 4822:

Weale, Michael E.; Weiss, Deborah A.; Jager, Rolf F.; Bradman, Neil; Thomas, Mark G. (1 July 2002).

9509: 9381: 9020: 8890: 8823: 8649: 8555: 8525: 8470: 8422: 6639: 5101: 2993:– 25 October 1400) was an English poet and author. Widely seen as the greatest English poet of the 2903: 2484: 1776: 1714: 1664: 1461: 1293:, and newly confirmed medieval French admixture. Significant regional variation was also observed. 1209: 1075: 1039: 508: 9772: 8900: 8661: 8535: 8134: 8016: 6098: 5804: 5527: 5207: 4347: 3215: 2907: 2852: 2705: 2698: 2349: 2345: 2330: 2093: 1897: 1719: 1023: 931:

language, and share a common ancestry, history, and culture. The English identity began with the

928: 838: 428: 44: 32: 7001:"Table 2: Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group for the United States: 1980" 4631:"Thousands of horsemen may have swept into Bronze Age Europe, transforming the local population" 4390: 1489: 9054: 8867: 8678: 8590: 8460: 8325: 8320: 7344:"Emigration of Scots, English and Welsh-speaking people to Argentina in the nineteenth century" 6670: 6135: 5845:, Asian and Black History in Britain, 1500–1850: UK government website. Retrieved 21 July 2006. 4914: 3303: 3240: 3190: 3008: 2319: 2307: 2172:

or if of mixed European ancestry, identify with a more recent and differentiated ethnic group.

2163:

population. This includes 25.5 million (12.5%) who were "English alone" - one origin. However,

1854: 1772: 1469: 1336: 1205: 1197: 977: 638: 416: 367: 158: 36: 5645: 3134:

in order to find the "nation's best-loved novel" of all time, with works by English novelists

2352:, 210,915 were born in England or 4.49% of the total population, a slight decrease from 2013. 1188:

English people, like most Europeans, largely descend from three distinct lineages: Mesolithic

9657: 9502: 9198: 8727: 8722: 8666: 8475: 7807: 7762: 7170:"Census 2016: Summary of result – Population by states and territories, 2011 and 2016 Census" 6944: 5834: 5320:

Catherine Hills, "The Anglo-Saxon Migration: An Archaeological Case Study of Disruption," in

5183:

Higham, Nicholas J. and Ryan, Martin J. "The Anglo-Saxon World" (Yale University Press, 2013)

3806: 3250: 3195: 2566: 2195: 1950: 1942: 1819: 1224: 707: 628: 563: 289: 215: 175: 7543: 5336:"Celtic whispers: revisiting the problems of the relation between Brittonic and Old English" 5335: 1417:). Furthermore, the English language contains no more than a handful of words borrowed from 9276: 9118: 8683: 8637: 8540: 8465: 8392: 8375: 8351: 7939: 6852: 6574: 6227: 6197: 5012: 4667: 4554: 4484: 3891: 3815: 3755: 3520: 3428: 3407: 3318: 3020: 2999: 2764: 2717: 2430: 2370: 2323: 2223: 1823: 1749: 1639: 1413: 1201: 1148: 764: 534: 5992: 5764: 4980:

Margaryan, A., Lawson, D.J., Sikora, M. et al. "Population genomics of the Viking world".

4842: 4738: 2649: 2187:

where 32,651,788 people or 13.1% of the population self-identified with English ancestry.

8: 9742: 9662: 9519: 9466: 9454: 9155: 9030: 8970: 8935: 8644: 8597: 8436: 8387: 8215: 8210: 8119: 6167: 4823: 4426: 3991: 3333: 3225: 3075: 3059: 3024: 2479: 2260: 1934: 1877: 1846: 1760: 1708: 1655: 1635: 1418: 1262: 1216: 1050:

in general. The demonyms for men and women from England are Englishman and Englishwoman.

1035: 614: 538: 235: 125: 61: 7409: 6964: 5016: 4671: 4558: 3939: 3895: 3819: 3759: 2848: 1282:

those from northern and southwestern England had a greater degree of indigenous origin.

9552: 9514: 9497: 9444: 9418: 9244: 9190: 9025: 8985: 8930: 8885: 8790: 8632: 8489: 8448: 8417: 8356: 8235: 8167: 8068: 8048: 7932: 7779: 6481: 5033: 4998: 4799: 4777: 4772: 4688: 4653: 4583: 4544: 4530: 4018: 3912: 3879: 3836: 3801: 3776: 3741: 3387: 3205: 2820: 2760: 2616: 2562: 2508: 2496: 2461: 2361: 2248: 2169: 1929:

This perceived rise in English self-consciousness has generally been attributed to the

1881: 1784: 1764: 1753: 1724: 1697: 1631: 1607: 1309: 1302: 1043: 1031: 1027: 988: 825: 660: 476: 459: 391: 277: 199: 6756: 4531:"Massive migration from the steppe was a source for Indo-European languages in Europe" 3543:"2021 Australia, Census All persons QuickStats | Australian Bureau of Statistics" 9722: 9613: 9471: 8602: 8335: 8330: 8230: 8182: 7975: 7943: 7927: 7889: 7869: 7837: 7811: 7800: 7783: 7669: 7470: 7291: 7248: 7099: 7063: 6718: 6485: 6102: 5860: 5727: 5593: 5437: 5154: 5038: 4918: 4847: 4804: 4693: 4588: 4570: 4488: 4351: 4114: 4010: 3917: 3841: 3802:"Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon genomes from East England reveal British migration history" 3781: 3670: 3601: 3565: 3392: 3382: 3071: 2772: 2734: 2624: 2590: 2570: 2528: 2500: 2394: 2288:

until the mid-20th century, the vast majority of settlers to Australia were from the

2242: 2148: 2140: 2131: 2112: 1994: 1780: 1548: 1346: 1328: 1135: 1083: 1071: 969: 712: 555: 396: 386: 381: 211: 136: 114: 5453: 5375: 4022: 3706: 3058:

is sometimes described as the golden age of English literature with writers such as

9717: 9583: 9575: 9560: 9492: 9459: 9169: 9015: 8895: 8872: 8862: 8799: 8739: 8624: 8545: 8315: 7865: 7771: 6473: 6369: 5903: 5028: 5020: 5003: 4955: 4944:

Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon genomes from East England reveal British migration history

4837: 4794: 4786: 4683: 4675: 4658: 4578: 4562: 4535: 4090: 4000: 3907: 3899: 3866: 3831: 3823: 3771: 3763: 3746: 3402: 3377: 3328: 3323: 3298: 3220: 3180: 3135: 3048: 2963: 2752: 2744: 2740: 2694: 2543: 2446: 2297: 2293: 2203: 2199: 2010: 1792: 1703: 1477: 1357: 950: 736: 702: 670: 573: 568: 339: 281: 273: 223: 171: 102: 7755:"English identity and ethnic diversity in the context of UK constitutional change" 7745: 7711: 6849:"Detailed Races and Ethnicities in the United States and Puerto Rico: 2020 Census" 6571:"Detailed Races and Ethnicities in the United States and Puerto Rico: 2020 Census" 4036: 1146:

However, although Taylor believed this blurring effect was dying out, in his book

9737: 9626: 9588: 9330: 9271: 9147: 8995: 8940: 8732: 8530: 8220: 8172: 8093: 7207: 7042: 6951: 6892:

Reynolds Farley, 'The New Census Question about Ancestry: What Did It Tell Us?',

6880: 6763: 6745: 6726: 6707: 6664: 6646: 6627: 6605: 5885: 5841: 5811: 5564: 5472: 5460: 5249: 5137: 5082: 5062: 4951: 4462: 4414: 4321: 4265: 4161:

the citizens or inhabitants of, or people born in, England, considered as a group

3946: 3397: 3102: 3098: 3055: 3040: 3036: 2737:

in recent time as a result of education, the media and socio-economic pressures.

2701: 2558: 2520: 2488: 2338: 2160: 1961: 1827: 1768: 1692: 1623: 1622:

during 1066 brought Anglo-Saxon and Danish rule of England to an end, as the new

1611: 1189: 1139: 1112: 1004: 833: 545: 401: 346: 325: 5899:"Ethnic minorities more likely to feel British than white people, says research" 5859:, Orient Blackswan, pp. 111–119, 129–130, 140, 154–156, 160–168, 172, 181, 4790: 3880:"Genomic signals of migration and continuity in Britain before the Anglo-Saxons" 9697: 9692: 9603: 9593: 9565: 9313: 9296: 9291: 9160: 8920: 8846: 8804: 8575: 8177: 7529:

Reconciling science and religion: the debate in early-twentieth-century Britain

7346:. British Settlers in Argentina – studies in 19th and 20th century emigration. 5408: 5024: 4942: 4773:"Nationwide Genomic Study in Denmark Reveals Remarkable Population Homogeneity" 3313: 3185: 3171: 3143: 3090: 3067: 3044: 2776: 2768: 2524: 2398: 2215: 1839: 1643: 1381: 1368: 1290: 1253: 1160: 1064: 980: 942: 868: 784: 621: 518: 257: 252: 9631: 5857:

Counterflows to Colonialism: Indian Traveller and Settler in Britain 1600–1857

5130: 4317:"Ethnic minorities feel strong sense of identity with Britain, report reveals" 4095: 4076: 3357: 2747:, is one of three existing Brittonic languages; its usage has been revived in 2534: 2381:

in 1806 (then a Spanish colony) in small numbers, mostly as businessmen, when

1183: 468: 9766: 9598: 9281: 9077: 8955: 8505: 8361: 8268: 8263: 8205: 8124: 7885: 7877: 7775: 7379: 6373: 5747: 5150: 4574: 4510: 4284: 4014: 3352: 3293: 3279: 3260: 3151: 3147: 3114: 3110: 3094: 2796: 2605: 2512: 2289: 2273: 2269: 2207: 2119: 1893: 1889: 1850: 1603: 1586: 1558: 1473: 1392: 1324: 1235:, or whether later Celtic migrations introduced Celtic languages to Britain. 1232: 1165: 1153: 996: 954: 665: 655: 598: 593: 353: 293: 7504: 4999:"The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool" 3987:"The 'People of the British Isles' project and Viking settlement in England" 1387: 53:"English nation" redirects here. For the country of the United Kingdom, see 9747: 9712: 9035: 8759: 8614: 8240: 8225: 8200: 8192: 7270: 7159:

J. Jupp, The English in Australia, Cambridge University Press, 2004, p. 103

6834: 6821:. Boston, Printed for the New England historic genealogical society. 1889. 6027: 5962: 5817: 5723: 5488: 5238: 5042: 4851: 4808: 4697: 4592: 4385: 4365: 3921: 3845: 3785: 3692: 3362: 3130: 3106: 3063: 2594: 2554: 2550: 2466:

The culture of England is sometimes difficult to separate clearly from the

2414: 2378: 2118:

English ethnic descent and emigrant communities are found primarily in the

1956: 1919: 1869: 1862: 1574: 1372: 1353: 1320: 1087: 1019: 984: 973: 912: 789: 759: 680: 675: 262: 187: 6420: 5557: 4005: 3986: 2589:

found the population of England and Wales to be 47.0% affiliated with the

1687: 1582: 1208:

who expanded into Europe from the Pontic–Caspian steppe in the context of

9727: 9308: 9208: 9000: 8960: 8915: 8857: 8515: 8258: 8250: 5585: 5465: 5192:

Ward-Perkins, Bryan. "Why did the Anglo-Saxons not become more British?"

5170:

Ward-Perkins, Bryan. "Why did the Anglo-Saxons not become more British?"

3875: 3367: 3308: 3230: 3210: 3139: 3086: 3012: 2994: 2640: 2628: 2602: 2578: 2574: 2504: 2418: 2373:

was an Argentine author, naturalist, and ornithologist of English origin.

2334: 2303: 2219: 1885: 1756:

as well, and expressed the desire to be known as the monarch of Britain.

1228: 1127: 207: 191: 9636: 7742:

Price and Associates: Professional Genealogy and Family History Services

5690: 5409:"The P-Celtic Place Names of North-East England and South-East Scotland" 4959: 4679: 4566: 4177: 3903: 3870: 3827: 3767: 9707: 9641: 8771: 8510: 7966:

Bueltmann, Tanja; Gleeson, David T.; MacRaild, Donald M., eds. (2012).

6477: 6462:

Copus, Colin (2009). "English national parties in post-devolution UK".

6272:"Is an English backlash emerging? Reactions to devolution ten years on" 6057:

England and its Two Unions: The Anatomy of a Nation and its Discontents

4431: 3372: 3118: 3079: 2709: 2582: 2434: 2366: 2211: 2164: 1930: 1923: 1861:

fled to England. Due to sustained and sometimes mass emigration of the

1741: 1650: 1452: 1341: 1060: 231: 7431: 6781:"Table 19 Enumerated population classified by usual residence and sex" 4769: 1082:

compared the ethnic identities of British people with their perceived

9621: 8980: 8273: 8144: 7404: 6389:"Resentment or contentment? Attitudes towards the Union ten years on" 6343:"What makes a person English, according to the English | YouGov" 6140: 3267: 2808: 2390: 2382: 2229: 1989: 1562: 1131: 1012: 744: 2892: 2859:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. 9323: 9286: 9174: 9128: 9005: 8008: 7036:

From many strands: ethnic and racial groups in contemporary América

6507: 6303:

Kenny, Michael; English, Richard; Hayton, Richard (February 2008).

4743: 4549: 3666: 2804: 2788: 2748: 2406: 2180: 1858: 1404: 1377: 1000: 946: 583: 2653:

Map showing phonological variation within England of the vowel in

317: 9303: 9164: 9113: 8815: 8129: 8039: 7997: 7284:

Bueltmann, Tanja; Gleeson, David T.; MacRaild, Donald M. (2012).

7241:

Bueltmann, Tanja; Gleeson, David T.; MacRaild, Donald M. (2010).

6323: 6305:"Beyond the constitution? Englishness in a post-devolved Britain" 4144: 3873: 3016: 2792: 2756: 1626: 1598: 1447: 1443: 1426: 1332: 1301:"History of the English" redirects here. Not to be confused with 1258: 1220: 1008: 992: 920: 779: 754: 749: 603: 588: 227: 88: 54: 9123: 9046: 8550: 7131:"Population characteristics: Ancestry of Australia's population" 936: 513: 9672: 9318: 9203: 9103: 6965:"1990 Census of Population Detailed Ancestry Groups for States" 6594: 6592: 5149:"Britain BC: Life in Britain and Ireland before the Romans" by 4124: 3960:"New study reignites debate over Viking settlements in England" 2800: 2620: 2422: 2410: 1985: 1970: 1938: 1570: 1566: 1408: 961: 916: 774: 7682: 6920:

Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science

5958:"Now 90% of England agrees: being English is not about colour" 2978: 9179: 9108: 5360:

Härke, Heinrich. "Anglo-Saxon Immigration and Ethnogenesis."

4997:

Gretzinger; Sayer; Justeau; et al. (21 September 2022).

4527: 4296: 3738: 3200: 3039:

were the preferred literary languages of England, but in the

3032: 2972: 2969: 2713: 2586: 2426: 1737: 1460: 966 – 23 April 1016), known as 'the Unready', was 1270:

picture of the genetic effects of these movements of people.

1011:

in England in the late 11th century and a sizeable number of

1003:

that began in the late 9th century. This was followed by the

965: 769: 219: 92: 6589: 3742:"The fine scale genetic structure of the British population" 2767:

began in the late 15th century with the introduction of the

1783:

formed a union between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the

9098: 7343: 5569: 3798: 2402: 2265: 1835: 1493: 1184:

Replacement of Neolithic farmers by Bell Beaker populations

6053: 4650: 1908: 1196:

population that arrived in Europe about 45,000 years ago;

8744: 7706: 7436: 6874:

Sharing the Dream: White Males in a Multicultural America

6699: 6424: 5677: 5650: 5609: 5573: 5076:

Where did the British come from? Ancient DNA holds clues.

4260: 3125: 2780: 523: 7965: 7283: 7240: 6935:(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990), p. 36. 5186: 4220: 4217:

at dictionary.cambridge.org. Retrieved 13 November 2023.

4203:

at dictionary.cambridge.org. Retrieved 13 November 2023.

1880:

presence since at least the 17th century because of the

6136:"St George unfurls his flag (made in China) once again" 3600:. Pretoria: Statistics South Africa. 2012. p. 26. 2393:

as industrialists and major landowners, others went as

8295:

Political history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)

7753:

Condor, Susan; Gibson, Stephen; Abell, Jackie (2006).

7400:"Catholics set to pass Anglicans as leading UK church" 7201:

Census of Population and Housing: Reflecting Australia

4996: 4824:"Y Chromosome Evidence for Anglo-Saxon Mass Migration" 4821: 3517:"English Most Common Race or Ethnicity in 2020 Census" 3479:"Ethnicity and National Identity in England and Wales" 2421:

of the family, to Argentina to make their fortunes in

1872:

presence in England since the 16th century due to the

6526: 6443: 6394:. National Centre for Social Research. Archived from 4911:

The Origins of the British: A Genetic Detective Story

3940:

https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004160

2975: 1464:

from 978 to 1013 and again from 1014 until his death.

7738:"Expert Links: English Family History and Genealogy" 7531:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 194. 6115: 5354: 4444: 4403:"National Identity and Community in England" (2006) 3161: 1813:

Immigration to the United Kingdom (1922-present day)

1242: 8300:

Social history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)

7666:

A Grammar of the Dialect of the Bolton Area, Part 1

7597:"Understanding the 21st Century Catholic Community" 6307:. Institute for Public Policy Research. p. 3. 6277:. Institute for Public Policy Research. p. 3. 5324:, ed. Brenda J. Baker and Takeyuki Tsuda, pp. 45–48 4077:"Why did the Anglo-Saxons not become more British?" 3275:

Social history of the United Kingdom (1945–present)

2966: 2751:. Historically, another Brittonic Celtic language, 1775:had previously passed its own Act of Union, so the 1581:The nation of England was formed in 12 July 927 by 983:who already lived there. Collectively known as the 7931: 7799: 7662:, Zeitschrift für Mundartforschung 31, 333–335 in 6757:Country of Birth: Proportion Born in Wales Falling 6302: 3985:Kershaw, Jane; Røyrvik, Ellen C. (December 2016). 2733:(mid 20th century), but there has been widespread 2143:, known as the "Father of His Country", and first 1842:in the 19th century and from Germany in the 20th. 1642:(based in France), and England became part of the 7902: 7752: 7688: 6329: 4608:"The first Europeans weren't who you might think" 4302: 3444:Those who self-identified as English ethnic group 1565:of seven states, the most powerful of which were 1352:The first people to be called "English" were the 1172: 60:"Englander" redirects here. For the surname, see 9764: 7137:. Australian Bureau of Statistics. 3 June 2003. 6387:Ormston, Rachel; Curtice, John (December 2010). 5720:A History of Britain: The British Wars 1603–1776 4954:, Nature Communications 7, Article number:10408 4523: 4521: 4340:Hussain, Asifa; Millar, William Lockley (2006). 3938:, Volume 19, Issue 7, July 2002, pp. 1008–1021, 2627:'s calendar, when St George's Day falls between 7162: 6922:, Vol. 487, No. 79 (September 1986), pp. 82–86. 6546:"2021 Australia, Census All persons QuickStats" 6360:Hazell, Robert (2006). "The English Question". 5829: 5827: 5646:"British History in depth: The Ages of English" 1802: 1022:. The majority of people living in England are 7221:"English – Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand" 6933:Ethnic Options: Choosing Identities in America 6696:Scotland's Census 2001: Supporting Information 6386: 5821:, 13 September 2006. Retrieved 9 January 2006. 5311:, Boydell and Brewer Press (2015), pp. 174–178 5243:"Anglo-Saxon Origins: The Reality of the Myth" 3984: 1682:History of the formation of the United Kingdom 1093: 9062: 8831: 8024: 7668:. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang. p. 58. 7371:"The invention of Great Britain: A review of 6896:, Vol. 28, No. 3 (August 1991), pp. 414, 421. 5787:"Meredith on the Guillet – Thoreau Genealogy" 4518: 4339: 2581:. A survey carried out in the end of 2008 by 1922:, particularly at football matches where the 888: 436: 7391: 5987: 5985: 5824: 5500: 5309:The Cruciform Brooch and Anglo-Saxon England 4878:"A Y Chromosome Census of the British Isles" 4074: 3634:"2018 Census population and dwelling counts" 2587:The Catholic Agency For Overseas Development 2222:) settlers who colonised Ireland during the 1926:was previously more commonly flown by fans. 1296: 9525:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 7631: 7589: 7123: 5888:The National Archives Accessed October 2006 5507:Esmeralda's Cumbrian History & Folklore 4908: 4902: 2921:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 2704:. The modern English language evolved from 2619:(23 April) changes when it is too close to 1789:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 9235:British–Irish Intergovernmental Conference 9069: 9055: 8838: 8824: 8031: 8017: 7432:"How many Catholics are there in Britain?" 7092:Canada's Ethnocultural Mosaic, 2006 Census 5528:"Athelstan (c. 895–939): Historic Figures" 4055: 3453:210915 listed their birthplace as England. 3051:is the most famous writer of this period. 2433:to Argentina. Some English families owned 1592: 1437: 895: 881: 443: 429: 7663: 7236: 7234: 6640:2011 Census for Scotland Standard Outputs 6616: 6614: 5982: 5955: 5805:More Britons applying for Irish passports 5373: 5032: 4841: 4798: 4739:"Ancient Britons 'replaced' by newcomers" 4687: 4582: 4548: 4130:Higham, Nicholas J., and Martin J. Ryan. 4094: 4004: 3911: 3835: 3775: 3628: 3626: 3043:there was a flourishing of literature in 2941:Learn how and when to remove this message 2875:Learn how and when to remove this message 2775:. Through the worldwide influence of the 1779:was born on 1 May 1707. In 1801, another 1492:(978–1013 and 1014–1016) was English but 1472:Viking assaults on the coastlines of the 1314: 1018:England is the largest and most populous 7968:Locating the English Diaspora, 1500–2010 7424: 7397: 7336: 5436:by Paul Hill (2004), Tempus Publishing. 5065:, Channel 4. Retrieved 21 December 2009. 4646: 4644: 4378: 3857: 3855: 3662:Ethnic Groups of Europe: An Encyclopedia 3246:Modern immigration to the United Kingdom 2952: 2648: 2533: 2483: 2365: 2264: 2135: 1933:in the late 1990s of some powers to the 1602: 1451: 1407:). This is supported by the writings of 1386: 1340: 1252: 1046:have become fairly closely aligned with 991:by the 10th century, in response to the 7830:The Making of English National Identity 7287:Locating the English Diaspora 1500-2010 7244:Locating the English Diaspora 1500–2010 7135:4102.0 - Australian Social Trends, 2003 6269: 5208:"Anglo-Saxons wanted genetic supremacy" 4986:See Supplementary Note 11 in particular 4628: 4381:"Asian recruits boost England fan army" 4280:"The English question Handle with care" 4134:. Yale University Press, 2013. pp. 7–19 2693:English people traditionally speak the 2601:and 8.7% were other Christians, mainly 2179:, 24,509,692 Americans described their 1909:Current national and political identity 1809:Historical immigration to Great Britain 1634:in 1154, when the succession passed to 949:is derived from the Angles, one of the 14: 9765: 7550:from the original on 27 September 2017 7526: 7231: 7194: 6797:from the original on 15 September 2009 6719:Scottish Census Results Online Browser 6611: 6359: 5854: 5503:"The Treaty of Eamont Bridge in 927CE" 5205: 5112:from the original on 22 September 2017 4736: 4712:"Dutch Beakers: Like no other Beakers" 4654:"Genes mirror geography within Europe" 4507: 4478: 3734: 3732: 3623: 2515:of its bishops under the authority of 1542: 1200:who migrated from Anatolia during the 1053: 987:, they founded what was to become the 9050: 8819: 8012: 7850: 7824: 7640:from the original on 18 December 2019 7141:from the original on 3 September 2017 6532: 6461: 6449: 6257: 6133: 6121: 6092: 6035:from the original on 23 December 2013 5579: 5538:from the original on 13 February 2007 5415:from the original on 28 November 2021 5220:from the original on 15 December 2020 4843:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004160 4641: 4605: 4450: 4314: 4238: 4226: 3852: 3085:Other famous English writers include 1759:In 1707, England formed a union with 9240:British–Irish Parliamentary Assembly 8038: 7914:from the original on 24 October 2015 7632:Pocklington, David (24 April 2019). 7368: 7350:from the original on 30 January 2008 7324:from the original on 8 February 2020 7088: 6825:from the original on 3 February 2021 6514:from the original on 9 February 2011 6178:from the original on 26 January 2011 6065:Institute for Public Policy Research 5970:from the original on 29 October 2021 5937:from the original on 29 October 2021 5274: 5099: 4256:"English nationalism 'threat to UK'" 3957: 3658: 3585: 3493:from the original on 21 January 2022 3154:making up the top five on the list. 2919:adding citations to reliable sources 2886: 2824: 2519:. 26 of the church's 42 bishops are 1219:around 2400 BC, associated with the 1179:Genetic history of the British Isles 79:Regions with significant populations 9783:Ethnic groups in the United Kingdom 7634:"St George's Day: Church and State" 7503:. Church of England. Archived from 7398:Gledhill, Ruth (15 February 2007). 7261:from the original on 14 August 2021 7223:. 20 September 2008. Archived from 6909:, Vol. 14, No. 1 (1985), pp. 44–46. 6421:"'Most' support English parliament" 6238:from the original on 10 August 2012 6208:from the original on 18 August 2012 6198:"Fresh call for English Parliament" 5659:from the original on 26 August 2017 5576:website. Retrieved 30 October 2006. 5213:Australian Broadcasting Corporation 4037:"Huguenots | The History of London" 3729: 3683:from the original on 15 August 2021 2004: 24: 8845: 7444:from the original on 27 March 2019 6677:from the original on 13 April 2020 6311:from the original on 17 April 2018 6284:from the original on 17 April 2018 6228:"Welsh nod for English Parliament" 6095:The politics of English Nationhood 5907:. 18 February 2007. Archived from 5333: 3717:from the original on 20 April 2012 1916:Campaign for an English Parliament 1834:in 1656, there have been waves of 849:English inventions and discoveries 25: 9794: 9076: 7990: 7182:from the original on 20 June 2018 7066:. 4 November 2002. Archived from 6981:from the original on 27 July 2017 6431:from the original on 28 July 2011 6256:Paul Johnson is quoted by Kumar ( 6148:from the original on 29 June 2011 6003:from the original on 29 June 2011 5956:Alexander, Inigo (30 June 2019). 5761:"EJP – In Depth – On Anglo Jewry" 5701:from the original on 15 June 2006 5501:esmeraldamac (16 February 2012). 5388:from the original on 8 March 2021 5342:from the original on 8 March 2021 4751:from the original on 4 March 2019 4737:Rincon, Paul (21 February 2018). 4629:Gibbons, Ann (21 February 2017). 4379:Campbell, Dennis (18 June 2006). 4288:. 1 November 2007. Archived from 3874:Martiniano, Rui; Caffell, Anwen; 3617:from the original on 13 May 2015. 3573:from the original on 8 March 2021 3128:carried out a UK survey entitled 2523:, representing the church in the 1857:, an estimated 50,000 Protestant 1675: 1561:which gradually coalesced into a 1362:Romans had withdrawn from Britain 1249:Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain 1243:Anglo-Saxons, Vikings and Normans 993:invasion and extensive settlement 9225:Ireland–United Kingdom relations 7996: 7870:10.1111/j.1469-8129.2010.00442.x 7694: 7652: 7625: 7562: 7536: 7520: 7492: 7456: 7362: 7304: 7277: 7213: 7153: 7098:. Statistics Canada. p. 7. 7082: 7048: 7029: 7017:from the original on 4 June 2011 6993: 6957: 6938: 6925: 6912: 6899: 6886: 6867: 6841: 6809: 6773: 6750: 6731: 6712: 6689: 6652: 6633: 6563: 6538: 6492: 6455: 6413: 6380: 6353: 6335: 6296: 6263: 6250: 6220: 6190: 6160: 6023:"When British isn't always best" 5855:Fisher, Michael Herbert (2006), 5289:from the original on 1 June 2021 5206:Ingham, Richard (19 July 2006). 5056:The archaeology of black Britain 4890:from the original on 7 June 2020 4858:from the original on 2 June 2020 4718:from the original on 12 May 2021 4315:Frith, Maxine (8 January 2004). 4264:. 9 January 2000. Archived from 4151:from the original on 11 May 2020 3504:population of England and Wales. 3447: 3438: 3164: 3015:and produced epic works such as 2962: 2891: 2829: 2125: 2016:Numbers of the English diaspora 1997:gained just 64,826 votes in the 1979:British Social Attitudes Surveys 1767:in March 1707 that ratified the 1686: 972:following the withdrawal of the 862: 467: 316: 204:History of the Church of England 7606:. November 2009. Archived from 7576:from the original on 8 May 2012 7175:Australian Bureau of Statistics 6550:Australian Bureau of Statistics 6330:Condor, Gibson & Abell 2006 6270:Curtice, John (February 2010). 6127: 6086: 6047: 6015: 5949: 5933:. British Future. 9 June 2021. 5923: 5891: 5872: 5848: 5797: 5779: 5753: 5737: 5713: 5683: 5671: 5638: 5616: 5602: 5558:The Battle of Brunanburh, 937AD 5550: 5520: 5494: 5478: 5446: 5427: 5406: 5400: 5367: 5327: 5314: 5301: 5268: 5255: 5232: 5199: 5177: 5164: 5143: 5124: 5093: 5068: 5049: 4990: 4974: 4964: 4931: 4870: 4829:Molecular Biology and Evolution 4815: 4763: 4730: 4704: 4622: 4599: 4501: 4472: 4456: 4419: 4397: 4372: 4333: 4308: 4303:Condor, Gibson & Abell 2006 4272: 4248: 4206: 4192: 4176:. parliament.uk. Archived from 4166: 4137: 4103: 4068: 4029: 3978: 3958:Brix, Lise (20 February 2017). 3951: 3936:Molecular Biology and Evolution 3928: 3792: 3421: 3007:English literature begins with 1400:the arrival of the Anglo-Saxons 1086:. They found that while 58% of 941:, meaning race or tribe of the 9668:Northern Ireland Sign Language 7702:"The Big Read – Top 100 Books" 7373:The Making of English Identity 7290:. Liverpool University Press. 7247:. Liverpool University Press. 6721:. Retrieved 16 November 2007. 5763:. 14 July 2006. Archived from 5613:, 2nd edition, s.v. 'English'. 3699: 3652: 3553: 3535: 3509: 3487:Office for National Statistics 3471: 2577:is also honoured as England's 2429:. English settlers introduced 2313: 2145:President of the United States 1984:One 2007 poll carried out for 1585:of Wessex after the Treaty of 1531:, and place names that end in 1173:Historical and genetic origins 1130:and indeed continue to do so. 1080:Office for National Statistics 935:, when they were known as the 27:Ethnic group native to England 13: 1: 7934:The Idea of English Ethnicity 7440:. London. 15 September 2010. 6660:"2018 Census totals by topic" 5194:The English Historical Review 5172:The English Historical Review 5088:The Christian Science Monitor 4909:Oppenheimer, Stephen (2006). 4866:– via academic.oup.com. 4606:Curry, Andrew (August 2019). 4469:Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. v 4082:The English Historical Review 3561:"Census Profile, 2016 Census" 3460: 2987: 2814: 2468:culture of the United Kingdom 2389:As well as those who went to 1457: 1356:, a group of closely related 1204:9,000 years ago; and Yamnaya 1020:country of the United Kingdom 8950:British Nationals (Overseas) 5374:Kortlandt, Frederik (2018). 5153:, p. 122. Harper Perennial. 4145:"Chambers – Search Chambers" 4075:Ward-Perkins, Bryan (2000). 4041:www.thehistoryoflondon.co.uk 3594:Census 2011: Census in brief 3465: 2729:(late 19th century) and the 2377:English settlers arrived in 2355: 2337:'s foundational culture was 2254: 1901:nations, including England. 1803:Immigration and assimilation 1746:Laws in Wales Acts 1535–1542 1646:until its collapse in 1214. 1553:Treaty of Alfred and Guthrum 1539:are Scandinavian in origin. 1482:Treaty of Alfred and Guthrum 1468:From about 800 AD, waves of 1048:British customs and identity 1044:English customs and identity 7: 8571:English language in England 8566:Innovations and discoveries 8290:Postwar Britain (1945–1979) 6972:United States Census Bureau 6649:, Accessed 5 September 2014 6599:Census Profile, 2016 Census 6168:"The West Lothian Question" 6031:. London. 24 January 2007. 5624:"England—Plantagenet Kings" 5454:Online Etymology Dictionary 4791:10.1534/genetics.116.189241 4364:on 18 May 2016 – via 3711:Online Etymology Dictionary 3157: 2855:the claims made and adding 2645:English language in England 2634: 2610:Eastern Orthodox Christians 2473: 2278:Prime Minister of Australia 1947:devolved English Parliament 1939:National Assembly for Wales 1094:Relationship to Britishness 957:around the 5th century AD. 41:Englishman (disambiguation) 10: 9799: 9021:Turks and Caicos Islanders 7972:Liverpool University Press 7834:Cambridge University Press 7729: 7664:Shorrocks, Graham (1999). 7498:See the pages linked from 6608:– Ethnic origin population 6134:Hoyle, Ben (8 June 2006). 5993:"British identity: Waning" 5464:by Douglas Harper (2001), 5322:Migrations and Disruptions 5025:10.1038/s41586-022-05247-2 4467:English History, 1914–1945 3348:British diaspora in Africa 2818: 2731:Survey of English Dialects 2726:English Dialect Dictionary 2638: 2477: 2459: 2455: 2444: 2359: 2317: 2284:From the beginning of the 2258: 2240: 2129: 2008: 1969:British. A 2017 survey by 1806: 1679: 1620:Norman conquest of England 1596: 1546: 1441: 1318: 1307: 1300: 1246: 1176: 1007:and limited settlement of 286:British diaspora in Africa 29: 9685: 9650: 9612: 9574: 9551: 9544: 9537: 9485: 9427: 9411: 9396: 9339: 9264: 9257: 9217: 9189: 9146: 9139: 9084: 8881: 8853: 8784: 8708: 8623: 8501: 8497: 8488: 8444: 8435: 8383: 8374: 8344: 8308: 8282: 8249: 8191: 8160: 8112: 8056: 8047: 7658:Wolfgang Vierick (1964), 7570:"Research and Statistics" 7527:Bowler, Peter J. (2001). 7178:. Australian Government. 7089:Chui, Tina (April 2008). 7008:1980 United States Census 6706:26 September 2007 at the 6621:Focus on Geography Series 6500:"Full England scoreboard" 5475:. Retrieved 10 July 2006. 5263:Archaeology and Migration 5100:Wise, Gildas the (1899). 4343:Multicultural Nationalism 3236:Genetic history of Europe 2280:both had English parents. 2236: 2157:2020 United States census 1685: 1496:(1016–1035) was Danish). 1297:History of English people 1122:Oxford History of England 651:Abbots Bromley Horn Dance 271: 247: 242: 186: 181: 170: 165: 154: 143: 132: 121: 110: 99: 83: 78: 9778:Ethnic groups in England 9510:Kingdom of Great Britain 8906:British Virgin Islanders 8650:The Football Association 7776:10.1177/1468796806063748 7464:"2009 Church Statistics" 7408:. London. Archived from 6744:27 November 2007 at the 5884:22 December 2021 at the 5840:24 December 2021 at the 5563:11 November 2010 at the 5485:The Adventure of English 5196:115.462 (2000): 513–533. 4950:17 December 2019 at the 3945:21 February 2022 at the 3414: 2615:Religious observance of 2503:, whose titular head is 2440: 2409:. Others went to become 1999:2010 UK general election 1832:resettlement of the Jews 1826:with the English. Since 1777:Kingdom of Great Britain 1665:Presentment of Englishry 1265:, an Insular masterpiece 1210:Indo-European migrations 1076:Annual Population Survey 1040:Kingdom of Great Britain 234:, and other faiths (see 8135:History of Anglo-Saxons 7904:"The Routes of English" 7857:Nations and Nationalism 7041:10 January 2016 at the 6950:18 January 2017 at the 6907:Social Science Research 6879:16 October 2015 at the 6725:11 October 2007 at the 6099:Oxford University Press 5691:"Liberation of Ireland" 5248:24 January 2016 at the 5136:6 December 2007 at the 5081:15 October 2018 at the 4479:Davies, Norman (1999). 4405:Institute of Governance 4348:Oxford University Press 4096:10.1093/ehr/115.462.513 3216:Architecture of England 3011:, which was written in 2997:, he is best known for 2569:, the patron saint was 2507:although the worldwide 1898:Commonwealth of Nations 1868:There has been a small 1853:illegal in 1685 in the 1593:Norman and Angevin rule 1438:Vikings and the Danelaw 1111:In 1965, the historian 937: 33:Demographics of England 8868:English-speaking world 8461:Elizabethan government 8326:Kingdom of East Anglia 8321:Kingdom of Northumbria 8001:Quotations related to 7808:Hodder & Stoughton 7473:. 2009. Archived from 7369:Carr, Raymond (2003). 7206:7 October 2021 at the 6762:24 August 2011 at the 6671:Statistics New Zealand 6374:10.1093/publius/pjj012 5810:5 January 2019 at the 5471:8 October 2017 at the 5174:115.462 (2000): p. 523 4915:Constable and Robinson 4111:Origins of the English 3659:Cole, Jeffrey (2011). 3304:English-speaking world 3255:(historical estimates) 3241:European ethnic groups 3191:List of English people 3009:Anglo-Saxon literature 3004: 2785:international language 2690: 2547: 2492: 2374: 2320:English New Zealanders 2281: 2175:Prior to this, in the 2152: 1855:Edict of Fontainebleau 1845:After the French king 1773:Parliament of Scotland 1615: 1465: 1395: 1349: 1315:Anglo-Saxon settlement 1266: 1144: 37:English-speaking world 9658:British Sign Language 9503:Principality of Wales 9347:Bailiwick of Guernsey 9230:British–Irish Council 9218:Political cooperation 9199:Bailiwick of Guernsey 8667:Rugby Football League 8150:Settlement of Britain 7793:on 21 September 2011. 7689:The Routes of English 7572:. Church of England. 7546:. Church of England. 7227:on 20 September 2008. 6974:. 18 September 1992. 6883:By Dominic J. Pulera. 6738:Key Statistics Report 6604:19 April 2021 at the 5793:on 27 September 2007. 5376:"Relative Chronology" 5275:Dark, Ken R. (2003). 5102:"The Ruin of Britain" 5074:Eva Botkin-Kowacki, ' 4292:on 28 September 2008. 4132:The Anglo-Saxon World 4063:The Anglo-Saxon State 4006:10.15184/aqy.2016.193 3966:(in Norwegian Bokmål) 3884:Nature Communications 3807:Nature Communications 3251:Population of England 3196:Old English (Ireland) 2956: 2652: 2599:Roman Catholic Church 2553:is recognised as the 2537: 2487: 2369: 2268: 2226:in the 17th century. 2196:Scots-Irish Americans 2139: 1943:West Lothian question 1606: 1597:Further information: 1547:Further information: 1455: 1442:Further information: 1390: 1344: 1319:Further information: 1256: 1225:Pontic-Caspian Steppe 1177:Further information: 1117: 1038:merged to become the 290:English New Zealander 243:Related ethnic groups 216:Catholic Emancipation 9277:Islands of the Clyde 8971:New Forest Commoners 8684:Rugby Football Union 8352:House of Plantagenet 7940:Blackwell Publishers 7802:Watching the English 7748:on 10 December 2008. 7613:on 15 September 2016 7412:on 18 September 2011 7387:on 11 November 2011. 7383:. UK. Archived from 7045:by Stanley Lieberson 6853:United States census 6575:United States census 6234:. 20 December 2006. 6101:. pp. 192–193. 5634:on 16 December 2010. 5590:The Story of Britain 5466:List of sources used 5434:The Age of Athelstan 5362:Medieval Archaeology 5061:24 July 2013 at the 4984:585, 390–396 (2020) 4485:Macmillan Publishing 4481:The Isles: A History 4393:on 21 December 2016. 4350:. pp. 149–150. 4329:on 6 September 2011. 4180:on 21 September 2010 3521:United States census 3489:. 11 December 2012. 3408:New Zealand European 3319:Early Modern English 3021:The Battle of Maldon 3019:and the fragmentary 3000:The Canterbury Tales 2915:improve this section 2765:Early Modern English 2593:, which is also the 2557:of England, and the 2499:of the realm is the 2497:established religion 2371:William Henry Hudson 2224:Plantation of Ulster 1750:James VI of Scotland 1640:House of Plantagenet 1398:The exact nature of 1261:to Matthew from the 1202:Neolithic Revolution 1149:The Isles: A History 812:World Heritage Sites 206:), as well as other 31:For other uses, see 9663:Irish Sign Language 9520:Kingdom of Scotland 9357:Bailiwick of Jersey 9340:Lists of islands of 8916:Chagossians (Îlois) 8896:Ascension Islanders 8236:Union with Scotland 8216:English Reformation 8211:English Renaissance 8140:Anglo-Saxon England 7507:on 22 November 2010 7070:on 13 December 2017 6945:US Census 2000 data 6855:. 21 September 2023 6768:National Statistics 6645:12 May 2021 at the 6626:21 May 2018 at the 6577:. 21 September 2023 6427:. 16 January 2007. 6204:. 24 October 2006. 5999:. 25 January 2007. 5911:on 11 February 2010 5879:Postwar immigration 5680:, s.v. 'Englishry'. 5491:, 2003. p. 22. 5459:4 July 2017 at the 5261:Stefan Burmeister, 5017:2022Natur.610..112G 4960:10.1038/ncomms10408 4714:. 19 January 2019. 4680:10.1038/nature07331 4672:2008Natur.456...98N 4612:National Geographic 4567:10.1038/nature14317 4559:2015Natur.522..207H 4438:National Statistics 4413:15 May 2011 at the 4229:, pp. 262–290. 4174:"Act of Union 1707" 4113:Duckworth, London. 3904:10.1038/ncomms10326 3896:2016NatCo...710326M 3871:10.1038/ncomms10326 3828:10.1038/ncomms10408 3820:2016NatCo...710408S 3768:10.1038/nature14230 3760:2015Natur.519..309. 3640:. 23 September 2019 3569:. 8 February 2017. 3270:TV programme, 2006) 3226:English nationalism 3076:Christopher Marlowe 3060:William Shakespeare 2623:. According to the 2538:A crowd celebrates 2511:is overseen by the 2480:Religion in England 2261:English Australians 2198:are descendants of 2017: 1935:Scottish Parliament 1668:(a rule by which a 1543:English unification 1529:of Old Norse origin 1462:King of the English 1263:Book of Lindisfarne 1217:Bell Beaker culture 1206:Steppe pastoralists 1192:, descended from a 1054:English nationality 1036:Kingdom of Scotland 978:partially Romanised 304:Part of a series on 236:Religion in England 75: 62:Englander (surname) 9515:Kingdom of Ireland 9498:Kingdom of England 9245:Common Travel Area 9191:Crown Dependencies 9026:Ulster Protestants 8986:Pitcairn Islanders 8931:Falkland Islanders 8765:Saint George's Day 8357:House of Lancaster 8168:Kingdom of England 8069:History of England 7928:Young, Robert J.C. 7798:Fox, Kate (2004). 7714:on 31 October 2012 7375:by Krishnan Kumar" 7115:on 25 March 2009. 6478:10.1057/bp.2009.12 6074:on 7 November 2014 5364:55.1 (2011): 1–28. 5108:. pp. 4–252. 4440:, 21 February 2006 4268:on 14 August 2021. 3999:(354): 1670–1680. 3713:. Etymonline.com. 3388:English Australian 3334:Brythonic language 3206:Culture of England 3031:. For many years, 3005: 2840:possibly contains 2821:English literature 2771:to London and the 2761:North West England 2697:, a member of the 2691: 2548: 2540:Saint George's Day 2509:Anglican Communion 2493: 2462:Culture of England 2375: 2362:English Argentines 2282: 2249:Canada 2016 Census 2153: 2015: 1882:East India Company 1785:Kingdom of Ireland 1754:James I of England 1744:by England by the 1720:St Patrick's Cross 1616: 1608:Battle of Hastings 1466: 1396: 1350: 1310:History of England 1303:History of English 1267: 1159:In December 2010, 1042:. Over the years, 1032:Kingdom of England 1028:Acts of Union 1707 1013:French Protestants 989:Kingdom of England 869:England portal 661:English folk music 564:Saint George's Day 460:Culture of England 278:English Australian 148:40,000–1.6 million 73: 9760: 9759: 9756: 9755: 9681: 9680: 9533: 9532: 9392: 9391: 9253: 9252: 9044: 9043: 9016:Tristan Islanders 8813: 8812: 8780: 8779: 8704: 8703: 8610:Science education 8603:Church of England 8484: 8483: 8431: 8430: 8370: 8369: 8336:Kingdom of Sussex 8331:Kingdom of Mercia 8183:Wars of the Roses 7949:978-1-4051-0129-5 7910:. 1 August 2015. 7895:978-0-14-026723-5 7843:978-0-521-77736-0 7817:978-0-340-81886-2 7604:CAFOD, Ipsos MORI 7544:"Facts and Stats" 7471:Church of England 7105:978-0-662-48324-3 7064:Statistics Canada 6954:, table PHC-T-43. 6770:, 8 January 2004. 6093:Kenny, M (2014). 5866:978-81-7824-154-8 5726:, BBC Worldwide. 5334:Coates, Richard. 5011:(7930): 112–119. 4924:978-1-84529-158-7 4618:on 19 March 2021. 4543:(7555): 207–211. 4357:978-0-19-928071-1 4109:Hills, C. (2003) 3964:sciencenordic.com 3865:7, 10326 (2016). 3754:(7543): 309–314. 3676:978-1-59884-302-6 3607:978-0-621-41388-5 3566:Statistics Canada 3523:. 10 October 2023 3393:English Brazilian 3383:English Argentine 3271: 3256: 3072:Sir Philip Sidney 2951: 2950: 2943: 2885: 2884: 2877: 2842:original research 2773:Great Vowel Shift 2735:dialect levelling 2625:Church of England 2591:Church of England 2501:Church of England 2435:sugar plantations 2395:railway engineers 2243:English Canadians 2141:George Washington 2132:English Americans 2113:England and Wales 2108: 2107: 1995:English Democrats 1838:immigration from 1704:St Andrew's Cross 1693:St George's Cross 1610:, 1066 (from the 1549:Treaty of Wedmore 1347:Sutton Hoo helmet 1345:A replica of the 1329:Sub-Roman Britain 1212:5,000 years ago. 1198:Neolithic farmers 1084:national identity 1072:ethnic minorities 1067:and the present. 1026:citizens. In the 905: 904: 453: 452: 299: 298: 212:Roman Catholicism 16:(Redirected from 9790: 9718:Irish Travellers 9549: 9548: 9545:Modern languages 9542: 9541: 9493:Irish Free State 9450:Northern Ireland 9409: 9408: 9262: 9261: 9170:Northern Ireland 9148:Sovereign states 9144: 9143: 9071: 9064: 9057: 9048: 9047: 8873:British diaspora 8863:English language 8840: 8833: 8826: 8817: 8816: 8793: 8755:Royal supporters 8556:Landscape garden 8526:Country clothing 8499: 8498: 8495: 8494: 8442: 8441: 8381: 8380: 8316:Kingdom of Essex 8079:Local government 8054: 8053: 8033: 8026: 8019: 8010: 8009: 8000: 7985: 7953: 7937: 7923: 7921: 7919: 7899: 7873: 7847: 7821: 7805: 7794: 7792: 7786:. Archived from 7759: 7749: 7744:. Archived from 7724: 7723: 7721: 7719: 7710:. Archived from 7698: 7692: 7686: 7680: 7679: 7656: 7650: 7649: 7647: 7645: 7629: 7623: 7622: 7620: 7618: 7612: 7601: 7593: 7587: 7585: 7583: 7581: 7566: 7560: 7559: 7557: 7555: 7540: 7534: 7532: 7524: 7518: 7516: 7514: 7512: 7496: 7490: 7489: 7487: 7485: 7479: 7468: 7460: 7454: 7453: 7451: 7449: 7428: 7422: 7421: 7419: 7417: 7395: 7389: 7388: 7366: 7360: 7359: 7357: 7355: 7340: 7334: 7333: 7331: 7329: 7323: 7316: 7308: 7302: 7301: 7281: 7275: 7274: 7268: 7266: 7238: 7229: 7228: 7217: 7211: 7198: 7192: 7191: 7189: 7187: 7166: 7160: 7157: 7151: 7150: 7148: 7146: 7127: 7121: 7120: 7114: 7108:. Archived from 7097: 7086: 7080: 7079: 7077: 7075: 7052: 7046: 7033: 7027: 7026: 7024: 7022: 7016: 7005: 6997: 6991: 6990: 6988: 6986: 6980: 6969: 6961: 6955: 6942: 6936: 6931:Mary C. Waters, 6929: 6923: 6916: 6910: 6903: 6897: 6890: 6884: 6871: 6865: 6864: 6862: 6860: 6845: 6839: 6838: 6832: 6830: 6813: 6807: 6806: 6804: 6802: 6796: 6785: 6777: 6771: 6754: 6748: 6735: 6729: 6716: 6710: 6693: 6687: 6686: 6684: 6682: 6668: 6656: 6650: 6637: 6631: 6618: 6609: 6596: 6587: 6586: 6584: 6582: 6567: 6561: 6560: 6558: 6556: 6542: 6536: 6530: 6524: 6523: 6521: 6519: 6496: 6490: 6489: 6465:British Politics 6459: 6453: 6447: 6441: 6440: 6438: 6436: 6417: 6411: 6410: 6408: 6406: 6400: 6393: 6384: 6378: 6377: 6357: 6351: 6350: 6339: 6333: 6327: 6321: 6320: 6318: 6316: 6300: 6294: 6293: 6291: 6289: 6283: 6276: 6267: 6261: 6254: 6248: 6247: 6245: 6243: 6224: 6218: 6217: 6215: 6213: 6194: 6188: 6187: 6185: 6183: 6164: 6158: 6157: 6155: 6153: 6131: 6125: 6119: 6113: 6112: 6090: 6084: 6083: 6081: 6079: 6073: 6067:. Archived from 6062: 6051: 6045: 6044: 6042: 6040: 6019: 6013: 6012: 6010: 6008: 5989: 5980: 5979: 5977: 5975: 5953: 5947: 5946: 5944: 5942: 5927: 5921: 5920: 5918: 5916: 5904:Evening Standard 5895: 5889: 5876: 5870: 5869: 5852: 5846: 5831: 5822: 5815:, Owen Bowcott, 5801: 5795: 5794: 5789:. Archived from 5783: 5777: 5776: 5774: 5772: 5757: 5751: 5741: 5735: 5717: 5711: 5710: 5708: 5706: 5687: 5681: 5675: 5669: 5668: 5666: 5664: 5642: 5636: 5635: 5630:. Archived from 5628:Heritage History 5620: 5614: 5606: 5600: 5583: 5577: 5554: 5548: 5547: 5545: 5543: 5524: 5518: 5517: 5515: 5513: 5498: 5492: 5482: 5476: 5450: 5444: 5431: 5425: 5424: 5422: 5420: 5404: 5398: 5397: 5395: 5393: 5387: 5380: 5371: 5365: 5358: 5352: 5351: 5349: 5347: 5331: 5325: 5318: 5312: 5307:Toby F. Martin, 5305: 5299: 5298: 5296: 5294: 5288: 5281: 5272: 5266: 5259: 5253: 5236: 5230: 5229: 5227: 5225: 5203: 5197: 5190: 5184: 5181: 5175: 5168: 5162: 5147: 5141: 5128: 5122: 5121: 5119: 5117: 5097: 5091: 5072: 5066: 5053: 5047: 5046: 5036: 4994: 4988: 4978: 4972: 4968: 4962: 4935: 4929: 4928: 4906: 4900: 4899: 4897: 4895: 4889: 4882: 4874: 4868: 4867: 4865: 4863: 4845: 4836:(7): 1008–1021. 4819: 4813: 4812: 4802: 4767: 4761: 4760: 4758: 4756: 4734: 4728: 4727: 4725: 4723: 4708: 4702: 4701: 4691: 4666:(7218): 98–101. 4648: 4639: 4638: 4626: 4620: 4619: 4614:. Archived from 4603: 4597: 4596: 4586: 4552: 4525: 4516: 4515: 4505: 4499: 4498: 4476: 4470: 4463:Taylor, A. J. P. 4460: 4454: 4448: 4442: 4425:"78 per cent of 4423: 4417: 4407:Briefing No. 7. 4401: 4395: 4394: 4389:. Archived from 4376: 4370: 4369: 4360:. Archived from 4337: 4331: 4330: 4325:. Archived from 4312: 4306: 4300: 4294: 4293: 4276: 4270: 4269: 4252: 4246: 4236: 4230: 4224: 4218: 4210: 4204: 4196: 4190: 4189: 4187: 4185: 4170: 4164: 4163: 4158: 4156: 4141: 4135: 4128: 4122: 4107: 4101: 4100: 4098: 4089:(462): 513–533. 4072: 4066: 4059: 4053: 4052: 4050: 4048: 4043:. 31 August 2019 4033: 4027: 4026: 4008: 3982: 3976: 3975: 3973: 3971: 3955: 3949: 3932: 3926: 3925: 3915: 3859: 3850: 3849: 3839: 3796: 3790: 3789: 3779: 3736: 3727: 3726: 3724: 3722: 3703: 3697: 3696: 3690: 3688: 3656: 3650: 3649: 3647: 3645: 3630: 3621: 3618: 3616: 3599: 3589: 3583: 3582: 3580: 3578: 3557: 3551: 3550: 3539: 3533: 3532: 3530: 3528: 3513: 3507: 3506: 3500: 3498: 3475: 3454: 3451: 3445: 3442: 3436: 3425: 3403:English Canadian 3378:English American 3329:Cornish language 3324:Cumbric language 3299:English language 3265: 3254: 3221:English folklore 3181:English diaspora 3174: 3169: 3168: 3167: 3136:J. R. R. Tolkien 3049:Geoffrey Chaucer 2992: 2989: 2985: 2984: 2981: 2980: 2977: 2974: 2971: 2968: 2958:Geoffrey Chaucer 2946: 2939: 2935: 2932: 2926: 2895: 2887: 2880: 2873: 2869: 2866: 2860: 2857:inline citations 2833: 2832: 2825: 2755:, was spoken in 2695:English language 2687: 2681: 2675: 2669: 2597:, 9.6% with the 2544:Trafalgar Square 2447:English Chileans 2298:north of England 2204:Northern English 2018: 2014: 2011:English diaspora 2005:English diaspora 1793:Irish Free State 1690: 1478:Alfred the Great 1459: 1414:aduentus Saxonum 1223:people from the 1190:hunter-gatherers 1107: 970:Southern Britain 951:Germanic peoples 940: 925:English language 923:, who speak the 897: 890: 883: 867: 866: 865: 671:Long Sword dance 579:Harvest Festival 574:Guy Fawkes Night 569:Commonwealth Day 509:Country clothing 471: 462: 455: 454: 445: 438: 431: 320: 301: 300: 282:English Canadian 274:English American 224:Islam in England 190:, traditionally 103:English diaspora 84:United Kingdom: 76: 72: 65: 58: 51: 21: 9798: 9797: 9793: 9792: 9791: 9789: 9788: 9787: 9763: 9762: 9761: 9752: 9708:English Gypsies 9677: 9646: 9608: 9589:Scottish Gaelic 9570: 9529: 9481: 9423: 9400: 9388: 9335: 9331:Isles of Scilly 9272:Channel Islands 9249: 9213: 9185: 9135: 9080: 9075: 9045: 9040: 8991:Saint Helenians 8877: 8849: 8844: 8814: 8809: 8796: 8789: 8776: 8750:Royal standards 8700: 8619: 8480: 8427: 8366: 8340: 8304: 8278: 8245: 8221:Elizabethan era 8187: 8173:Norman Conquest 8156: 8108: 8094:English society 8043: 8037: 7993: 7988: 7982: 7956: 7950: 7926: 7917: 7915: 7896: 7876: 7844: 7818: 7797: 7790: 7757: 7736: 7732: 7727: 7717: 7715: 7700: 7699: 7695: 7687: 7683: 7676: 7657: 7653: 7643: 7641: 7630: 7626: 7616: 7614: 7610: 7599: 7595: 7594: 7590: 7579: 7577: 7568: 7567: 7563: 7553: 7551: 7542: 7541: 7537: 7525: 7521: 7510: 7508: 7499: 7497: 7493: 7483: 7481: 7480:on 8 April 2016 7477: 7466: 7462: 7461: 7457: 7447: 7445: 7430: 7429: 7425: 7415: 7413: 7396: 7392: 7367: 7363: 7353: 7351: 7342: 7341: 7337: 7327: 7325: 7321: 7314: 7310: 7309: 7305: 7298: 7282: 7278: 7264: 7262: 7255: 7239: 7232: 7219: 7218: 7214: 7210:– Ancestry 2016 7208:Wayback Machine 7199: 7195: 7185: 7183: 7168: 7167: 7163: 7158: 7154: 7144: 7142: 7129: 7128: 7124: 7112: 7106: 7095: 7087: 7083: 7073: 7071: 7056:"Ethnic Origin" 7054: 7053: 7049: 7043:Wayback Machine 7034: 7030: 7020: 7018: 7014: 7003: 6999: 6998: 6994: 6984: 6982: 6978: 6967: 6963: 6962: 6958: 6952:Wayback Machine 6943: 6939: 6930: 6926: 6917: 6913: 6904: 6900: 6891: 6887: 6881:Wayback Machine 6872: 6868: 6858: 6856: 6847: 6846: 6842: 6828: 6826: 6815: 6814: 6810: 6800: 6798: 6794: 6788:Webcitation.org 6783: 6779: 6778: 6774: 6764:Wayback Machine 6755: 6751: 6746:Wayback Machine 6736: 6732: 6727:Wayback Machine 6717: 6713: 6708:Wayback Machine 6694: 6690: 6680: 6678: 6665:Microsoft Excel 6662: 6658: 6657: 6653: 6647:Wayback Machine 6638: 6634: 6628:Wayback Machine 6619: 6612: 6606:Wayback Machine 6597: 6590: 6580: 6578: 6569: 6568: 6564: 6554: 6552: 6544: 6543: 6539: 6531: 6527: 6517: 6515: 6498: 6497: 6493: 6460: 6456: 6448: 6444: 6434: 6432: 6419: 6418: 6414: 6404: 6402: 6398: 6391: 6385: 6381: 6358: 6354: 6341: 6340: 6336: 6328: 6324: 6314: 6312: 6301: 6297: 6287: 6285: 6281: 6274: 6268: 6264: 6255: 6251: 6241: 6239: 6226: 6225: 6221: 6211: 6209: 6196: 6195: 6191: 6181: 6179: 6174:. 1 June 1998. 6166: 6165: 6161: 6151: 6149: 6132: 6128: 6120: 6116: 6109: 6091: 6087: 6077: 6075: 6071: 6060: 6052: 6048: 6038: 6036: 6021: 6020: 6016: 6006: 6004: 5991: 5990: 5983: 5973: 5971: 5954: 5950: 5940: 5938: 5929: 5928: 5924: 5914: 5912: 5897: 5896: 5892: 5886:Wayback Machine 5877: 5873: 5867: 5853: 5849: 5842:Wayback Machine 5832: 5825: 5812:Wayback Machine 5802: 5798: 5785: 5784: 5780: 5770: 5768: 5767:on 14 July 2006 5759: 5758: 5754: 5742: 5738: 5718: 5714: 5704: 5702: 5689: 5688: 5684: 5676: 5672: 5662: 5660: 5644: 5643: 5639: 5622: 5621: 5617: 5607: 5603: 5584: 5580: 5565:Wayback Machine 5555: 5551: 5541: 5539: 5526: 5525: 5521: 5511: 5509: 5499: 5495: 5483: 5479: 5473:Wayback Machine 5461:Wayback Machine 5451: 5447: 5432: 5428: 5418: 5416: 5405: 5401: 5391: 5389: 5385: 5378: 5372: 5368: 5359: 5355: 5345: 5343: 5332: 5328: 5319: 5315: 5306: 5302: 5292: 5290: 5286: 5279: 5273: 5269: 5260: 5256: 5250:Wayback Machine 5237: 5233: 5223: 5221: 5204: 5200: 5191: 5187: 5182: 5178: 5169: 5165: 5148: 5144: 5138:Wayback Machine 5129: 5125: 5115: 5113: 5098: 5094: 5083:Wayback Machine 5073: 5069: 5063:Wayback Machine 5054: 5050: 4995: 4991: 4979: 4975: 4969: 4965: 4952:Wayback Machine 4936: 4932: 4925: 4907: 4903: 4893: 4891: 4887: 4880: 4876: 4875: 4871: 4861: 4859: 4820: 4816: 4768: 4764: 4754: 4752: 4735: 4731: 4721: 4719: 4710: 4709: 4705: 4649: 4642: 4627: 4623: 4604: 4600: 4526: 4519: 4506: 4502: 4495: 4477: 4473: 4461: 4457: 4453:, pp. 1–2. 4449: 4445: 4424: 4420: 4415:Wayback Machine 4402: 4398: 4377: 4373: 4358: 4338: 4334: 4322:The Independent 4313: 4309: 4301: 4297: 4278: 4277: 4273: 4254: 4253: 4249: 4237: 4233: 4225: 4221: 4211: 4207: 4197: 4193: 4183: 4181: 4172: 4171: 4167: 4154: 4152: 4143: 4142: 4138: 4129: 4125: 4108: 4104: 4073: 4069: 4060: 4056: 4046: 4044: 4035: 4034: 4030: 3983: 3979: 3969: 3967: 3956: 3952: 3947:Wayback Machine 3933: 3929: 3860: 3853: 3797: 3793: 3737: 3730: 3720: 3718: 3705: 3704: 3700: 3686: 3684: 3677: 3657: 3653: 3643: 3641: 3632: 3631: 3624: 3614: 3608: 3597: 3591: 3590: 3586: 3576: 3574: 3559: 3558: 3554: 3541: 3540: 3536: 3526: 3524: 3515: 3514: 3510: 3496: 3494: 3477: 3476: 3472: 3468: 3463: 3458: 3457: 3452: 3448: 3443: 3439: 3426: 3422: 3417: 3412: 3398:English Chilean 3338: 3284: 3170: 3165: 3163: 3160: 3103:Charles Dickens 3099:Agatha Christie 3056:Elizabethan era 3041:medieval period 2990: 2965: 2961: 2947: 2936: 2930: 2927: 2912: 2896: 2881: 2870: 2864: 2861: 2846: 2834: 2830: 2823: 2817: 2745:Celtic language 2702:language family 2689: 2688: anomalies 2685: 2683: 2679: 2677: 2673: 2671: 2667: 2647: 2637: 2617:St George's Day 2567:Edward III 2559:flag of England 2542:at an event in 2521:Lords Spiritual 2489:Wells Cathedral 2482: 2476: 2464: 2458: 2449: 2443: 2401:and to work in 2399:civil engineers 2364: 2358: 2326: 2324:Pākehā settlers 2316: 2263: 2257: 2245: 2239: 2206:(specifically: 2134: 2128: 2101:72,204–210,915 2013: 2007: 1962:Richard English 1911: 1828:Oliver Cromwell 1815: 1805: 1787:, creating the 1769:Treaty of Union 1734: 1733: 1728: 1722: 1717: 1712: 1706: 1701: 1695: 1684: 1678: 1624:French speaking 1612:Bayeux Tapestry 1601: 1595: 1555: 1545: 1450: 1440: 1339: 1333:Ancient Britons 1317: 1312: 1306: 1299: 1251: 1245: 1186: 1181: 1175: 1136:Scotch Canadian 1113:A. J. P. Taylor 1105: 1096: 1056: 1005:Norman Conquest 968:who settled in 901: 863: 861: 854: 853: 844:National anthem 829: 828: 817: 816: 807: 806: 795: 794: 740: 739: 728: 727: 698: 697: 686: 685: 646: 645: 643:performing arts 609: 608: 559: 558: 529: 528: 504: 503: 458: 449: 272: 267: 196:non-conformists 87: 86:37.6 million in 85: 71: 66: 59: 52: 30: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 9796: 9786: 9785: 9780: 9775: 9773:English people 9758: 9757: 9754: 9753: 9751: 9750: 9745: 9740: 9735: 9733:Northern Irish 9730: 9725: 9720: 9715: 9710: 9705: 9700: 9695: 9689: 9687: 9683: 9682: 9679: 9678: 9676: 9675: 9670: 9665: 9660: 9654: 9652: 9648: 9647: 9645: 9644: 9639: 9634: 9629: 9624: 9618: 9616: 9610: 9609: 9607: 9606: 9601: 9596: 9591: 9586: 9580: 9578: 9572: 9571: 9569: 9568: 9563: 9557: 9555: 9546: 9539: 9535: 9534: 9531: 9530: 9528: 9527: 9522: 9517: 9512: 9507: 9506: 9505: 9495: 9489: 9487: 9483: 9482: 9480: 9479: 9474: 9469: 9464: 9463: 9462: 9457: 9452: 9447: 9440:United Kingdom 9437: 9431: 9429: 9428:Current states 9425: 9424: 9422: 9421: 9415: 9413: 9406: 9394: 9393: 9390: 9389: 9387: 9386: 9385: 9384: 9379: 9374: 9367:United Kingdom 9364: 9359: 9354: 9349: 9343: 9341: 9337: 9336: 9334: 9333: 9328: 9327: 9326: 9321: 9314:Northern Isles 9311: 9306: 9301: 9300: 9299: 9294: 9284: 9279: 9274: 9268: 9266: 9259: 9255: 9254: 9251: 9250: 9248: 9247: 9242: 9237: 9232: 9227: 9221: 9219: 9215: 9214: 9212: 9211: 9206: 9201: 9195: 9193: 9187: 9186: 9184: 9183: 9177: 9172: 9167: 9161:United Kingdom 9158: 9152: 9150: 9141: 9137: 9136: 9134: 9133: 9132: 9131: 9126: 9121: 9116: 9111: 9106: 9101: 9091: 9085: 9082: 9081: 9074: 9073: 9066: 9059: 9051: 9042: 9041: 9039: 9038: 9033: 9028: 9023: 9018: 9013: 9008: 9003: 8998: 8993: 8988: 8983: 8978: 8976:Northern Irish 8973: 8968: 8966:Montserratians 8963: 8958: 8953: 8943: 8938: 8933: 8928: 8923: 8918: 8913: 8908: 8903: 8898: 8893: 8888: 8882: 8879: 8878: 8876: 8875: 8870: 8865: 8860: 8854: 8851: 8850: 8847:British people 8843: 8842: 8835: 8828: 8820: 8811: 8810: 8808: 8807: 8802: 8795: 8794: 8786: 8785: 8782: 8781: 8778: 8777: 8775: 8774: 8769: 8768: 8767: 8757: 8752: 8747: 8742: 8737: 8736: 8735: 8725: 8720: 8714: 8712: 8706: 8705: 8702: 8701: 8699: 8698: 8693: 8692: 8691: 8686: 8676: 8675: 8674: 8669: 8659: 8658: 8657: 8652: 8642: 8641: 8640: 8629: 8627: 8621: 8620: 8618: 8617: 8612: 8607: 8606: 8605: 8595: 8594: 8593: 8583: 8578: 8576:Middle England 8573: 8568: 8563: 8558: 8553: 8548: 8543: 8538: 8533: 8528: 8523: 8518: 8513: 8508: 8502: 8492: 8486: 8485: 8482: 8481: 8479: 8478: 8473: 8468: 8463: 8458: 8457: 8456: 8445: 8439: 8433: 8432: 8429: 8428: 8426: 8425: 8420: 8415: 8410: 8405: 8400: 8395: 8390: 8384: 8378: 8372: 8371: 8368: 8367: 8365: 8364: 8359: 8354: 8348: 8346: 8342: 8341: 8339: 8338: 8333: 8328: 8323: 8318: 8312: 8310: 8309:Prior Kingdoms 8306: 8305: 8303: 8302: 8297: 8292: 8286: 8284: 8280: 8279: 8277: 8276: 8271: 8266: 8261: 8255: 8253: 8247: 8246: 8244: 8243: 8238: 8233: 8228: 8223: 8218: 8213: 8208: 8203: 8197: 8195: 8189: 8188: 8186: 8185: 8180: 8178:Angevin Empire 8175: 8170: 8164: 8162: 8158: 8157: 8155: 8154: 8153: 8152: 8147: 8142: 8132: 8127: 8122: 8116: 8114: 8110: 8109: 8107: 8106: 8104:United Kingdom 8101: 8096: 8091: 8086: 8081: 8076: 8071: 8066: 8060: 8058: 8051: 8045: 8044: 8042: articles 8036: 8035: 8028: 8021: 8013: 8007: 8006: 8003:English people 7992: 7991:External links 7989: 7987: 7986: 7980: 7962: 7961: 7960: 7955: 7954: 7948: 7924: 7900: 7894: 7878:Paxman, Jeremy 7874: 7864:(3): 469–487. 7852:Kumar, Krishan 7848: 7842: 7826:Kumar, Krishan 7822: 7816: 7795: 7770:(2): 123–158. 7750: 7733: 7731: 7728: 7726: 7725: 7693: 7681: 7674: 7651: 7624: 7588: 7561: 7535: 7519: 7491: 7455: 7423: 7390: 7361: 7335: 7303: 7296: 7276: 7254:978-1846318191 7253: 7230: 7212: 7193: 7161: 7152: 7122: 7104: 7081: 7047: 7028: 6992: 6956: 6937: 6924: 6911: 6898: 6885: 6866: 6840: 6808: 6772: 6749: 6730: 6711: 6688: 6651: 6632: 6610: 6588: 6562: 6537: 6535:, p. 478. 6525: 6491: 6472:(3): 363–385. 6454: 6452:, p. 484. 6442: 6412: 6401:on 1 June 2011 6379: 6352: 6334: 6332:, p. 128. 6322: 6295: 6262: 6260:, p. 266) 6249: 6219: 6189: 6159: 6126: 6124:, p. 262. 6114: 6108:978-0198778721 6107: 6085: 6046: 6014: 5981: 5948: 5922: 5890: 5871: 5865: 5847: 5835:Black Presence 5823: 5796: 5778: 5752: 5736: 5712: 5682: 5670: 5637: 5615: 5601: 5578: 5549: 5519: 5493: 5477: 5445: 5426: 5407:Fox, Bethany. 5399: 5366: 5353: 5326: 5313: 5300: 5267: 5254: 5231: 5198: 5185: 5176: 5163: 5142: 5123: 5106:Tertullian.org 5092: 5085:' (20/01/16), 5067: 5048: 4989: 4973: 4963: 4937:Schiffels, S. 4930: 4923: 4901: 4869: 4814: 4785:(2): 711–722. 4762: 4729: 4703: 4640: 4621: 4598: 4517: 4500: 4494:978-0333692837 4493: 4471: 4455: 4443: 4418: 4396: 4371: 4356: 4332: 4307: 4295: 4271: 4247: 4231: 4219: 4205: 4191: 4165: 4136: 4123: 4102: 4067: 4054: 4028: 3977: 3950: 3927: 3851: 3791: 3728: 3698: 3675: 3651: 3622: 3606: 3584: 3552: 3547:www.abs.gov.au 3534: 3508: 3483:www.ons.gov.uk 3469: 3467: 3464: 3462: 3459: 3456: 3455: 3446: 3437: 3419: 3418: 3416: 3413: 3411: 3410: 3405: 3400: 3395: 3390: 3385: 3380: 3375: 3370: 3365: 3360: 3355: 3350: 3344: 3337: 3336: 3331: 3326: 3321: 3316: 3314:Middle English 3311: 3306: 3301: 3296: 3290: 3283: 3282: 3277: 3272: 3257: 3248: 3243: 3238: 3233: 3228: 3223: 3218: 3213: 3208: 3203: 3201:Celtic peoples 3198: 3193: 3188: 3186:British people 3183: 3177: 3176: 3175: 3172:England portal 3159: 3156: 3144:Philip Pullman 3091:Arnold Bennett 3068:Edmund Spenser 3045:Middle English 2949: 2948: 2899: 2897: 2890: 2883: 2882: 2837: 2835: 2828: 2819:Main article: 2816: 2813: 2777:British Empire 2769:printing press 2706:Middle English 2684: 2678: 2672: 2666: 2636: 2633: 2571:St Edmund 2525:House of Lords 2478:Main article: 2475: 2472: 2460:Main article: 2457: 2454: 2445:Main article: 2442: 2439: 2360:Main article: 2357: 2354: 2315: 2312: 2276:, 1st and 2nd 2259:Main article: 2256: 2253: 2241:Main article: 2238: 2235: 2216:Northumberland 2161:White American 2147:, had English 2130:Main article: 2127: 2124: 2106: 2105: 2102: 2099: 2096: 2090: 2089: 2086: 2083: 2080: 2074: 2073: 2070: 2067: 2064: 2060: 2059: 2056: 2053: 2052:United States 2050: 2046: 2045: 2042: 2039: 2036: 2032: 2031: 2028: 2025: 2022: 2009:Main article: 2006: 2003: 1910: 1907: 1876:, and a small 1804: 1801: 1763:by passing an 1731:United Kingdom 1729: 1718: 1713: 1702: 1691: 1680:Main article: 1677: 1676:United Kingdom 1674: 1644:Angevin Empire 1594: 1591: 1573:. The English 1559:petty kingdoms 1544: 1541: 1488:(for example, 1439: 1436: 1393:petty kingdoms 1382:Burgh-by-Sands 1369:Romano-British 1337:Romano-Britons 1316: 1313: 1308:Main article: 1298: 1295: 1247:Main article: 1244: 1241: 1185: 1182: 1174: 1171: 1161:Matthew Parris 1134:, by origin a 1095: 1092: 1065:British Empire 1055: 1052: 981:Celtic Britons 909:English people 903: 902: 900: 899: 892: 885: 877: 874: 873: 872: 871: 856: 855: 852: 851: 846: 841: 836: 830: 824: 823: 822: 819: 818: 815: 814: 808: 802: 801: 800: 797: 796: 793: 792: 787: 782: 777: 772: 767: 762: 757: 752: 747: 741: 735: 734: 733: 730: 729: 726: 725: 720: 715: 710: 705: 699: 693: 692: 691: 688: 687: 684: 683: 678: 673: 668: 663: 658: 653: 647: 637: 636: 635: 632: 631: 625: 624: 618: 617: 611: 610: 607: 606: 601: 596: 591: 586: 581: 576: 571: 566: 560: 554: 553: 552: 549: 548: 542: 541: 531: 530: 527: 526: 521: 519:Morris Dancing 516: 511: 505: 499: 498: 497: 494: 493: 487: 486: 480: 479: 473: 472: 464: 463: 451: 450: 448: 447: 440: 433: 425: 422: 421: 420: 419: 414: 409: 404: 399: 394: 389: 384: 376: 375: 371: 370: 364: 363: 357: 356: 350: 349: 343: 342: 336: 335: 329: 328: 322: 321: 313: 312: 310:English people 306: 305: 297: 296: 269: 268: 266: 265: 260: 258:Celtic Britons 255: 253:British people 248: 245: 244: 240: 239: 184: 183: 179: 178: 168: 167: 163: 162: 156: 152: 151: 145: 141: 140: 134: 130: 129: 123: 119: 118: 112: 108: 107: 97: 96: 81: 80: 74:English people 69: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9795: 9784: 9781: 9779: 9776: 9774: 9771: 9770: 9768: 9749: 9746: 9744: 9741: 9739: 9736: 9734: 9731: 9729: 9726: 9724: 9721: 9719: 9716: 9714: 9711: 9709: 9706: 9704: 9701: 9699: 9696: 9694: 9691: 9690: 9688: 9684: 9674: 9671: 9669: 9666: 9664: 9661: 9659: 9656: 9655: 9653: 9649: 9643: 9640: 9638: 9635: 9633: 9630: 9628: 9625: 9623: 9620: 9619: 9617: 9615: 9611: 9605: 9602: 9600: 9597: 9595: 9592: 9590: 9587: 9585: 9582: 9581: 9579: 9577: 9573: 9567: 9564: 9562: 9559: 9558: 9556: 9554: 9550: 9547: 9543: 9540: 9536: 9526: 9523: 9521: 9518: 9516: 9513: 9511: 9508: 9504: 9501: 9500: 9499: 9496: 9494: 9491: 9490: 9488: 9486:Former states 9484: 9478: 9475: 9473: 9470: 9468: 9465: 9461: 9458: 9456: 9453: 9451: 9448: 9446: 9443: 9442: 9441: 9438: 9436: 9433: 9432: 9430: 9426: 9420: 9417: 9416: 9414: 9412:Island groups 9410: 9407: 9404: 9399: 9395: 9383: 9380: 9378: 9375: 9373: 9370: 9369: 9368: 9365: 9363: 9360: 9358: 9355: 9353: 9350: 9348: 9345: 9344: 9342: 9338: 9332: 9329: 9325: 9322: 9320: 9317: 9316: 9315: 9312: 9310: 9307: 9305: 9302: 9298: 9295: 9293: 9290: 9289: 9288: 9285: 9283: 9282:Great Britain 9280: 9278: 9275: 9273: 9270: 9269: 9267: 9265:Island groups 9263: 9260: 9256: 9246: 9243: 9241: 9238: 9236: 9233: 9231: 9228: 9226: 9223: 9222: 9220: 9216: 9210: 9207: 9205: 9202: 9200: 9197: 9196: 9194: 9192: 9188: 9181: 9178: 9176: 9173: 9171: 9168: 9166: 9162: 9159: 9157: 9154: 9153: 9151: 9149: 9145: 9142: 9138: 9130: 9127: 9125: 9122: 9120: 9117: 9115: 9112: 9110: 9107: 9105: 9102: 9100: 9097: 9096: 9095: 9092: 9090: 9087: 9086: 9083: 9079: 9078:British Isles 9072: 9067: 9065: 9060: 9058: 9053: 9052: 9049: 9037: 9034: 9032: 9029: 9027: 9024: 9022: 9019: 9017: 9014: 9012: 9011:Spanish Brits 9009: 9007: 9004: 9002: 8999: 8997: 8994: 8992: 8989: 8987: 8984: 8982: 8979: 8977: 8974: 8972: 8969: 8967: 8964: 8962: 8959: 8957: 8954: 8951: 8947: 8944: 8942: 8939: 8937: 8936:Gibraltarians 8934: 8932: 8929: 8927: 8924: 8922: 8919: 8917: 8914: 8912: 8909: 8907: 8904: 8902: 8899: 8897: 8894: 8892: 8889: 8887: 8884: 8883: 8880: 8874: 8871: 8869: 8866: 8864: 8861: 8859: 8856: 8855: 8852: 8848: 8841: 8836: 8834: 8829: 8827: 8822: 8821: 8818: 8806: 8803: 8801: 8798: 8797: 8792: 8788: 8787: 8783: 8773: 8770: 8766: 8763: 8762: 8761: 8758: 8756: 8753: 8751: 8748: 8746: 8743: 8741: 8738: 8734: 8733:national flag 8731: 8730: 8729: 8726: 8724: 8721: 8719: 8716: 8715: 8713: 8711: 8707: 8697: 8694: 8690: 8689:national team 8687: 8685: 8682: 8681: 8680: 8677: 8673: 8672:national team 8670: 8668: 8665: 8664: 8663: 8660: 8656: 8655:national team 8653: 8651: 8648: 8647: 8646: 8643: 8639: 8638:national team 8636: 8635: 8634: 8631: 8630: 8628: 8626: 8622: 8616: 8613: 8611: 8608: 8604: 8601: 8600: 8599: 8596: 8592: 8589: 8588: 8587: 8584: 8582: 8579: 8577: 8574: 8572: 8569: 8567: 8564: 8562: 8559: 8557: 8554: 8552: 8549: 8547: 8544: 8542: 8539: 8537: 8534: 8532: 8529: 8527: 8524: 8522: 8519: 8517: 8514: 8512: 8509: 8507: 8506:Afternoon tea 8504: 8503: 8500: 8496: 8493: 8491: 8487: 8477: 8474: 8472: 8469: 8467: 8464: 8462: 8459: 8455: 8452: 8451: 8450: 8447: 8446: 8443: 8440: 8438: 8434: 8424: 8421: 8419: 8416: 8414: 8411: 8409: 8406: 8404: 8401: 8399: 8396: 8394: 8391: 8389: 8386: 8385: 8382: 8379: 8377: 8373: 8363: 8362:House of York 8360: 8358: 8355: 8353: 8350: 8349: 8347: 8343: 8337: 8334: 8332: 8329: 8327: 8324: 8322: 8319: 8317: 8314: 8313: 8311: 8307: 8301: 8298: 8296: 8293: 8291: 8288: 8287: 8285: 8281: 8275: 8272: 8270: 8269:Edwardian era 8267: 8265: 8264:Victorian era 8262: 8260: 8257: 8256: 8254: 8252: 8248: 8242: 8239: 8237: 8234: 8232: 8229: 8227: 8224: 8222: 8219: 8217: 8214: 8212: 8209: 8207: 8206:Stuart period 8204: 8202: 8199: 8198: 8196: 8194: 8190: 8184: 8181: 8179: 8176: 8174: 8171: 8169: 8166: 8165: 8163: 8159: 8151: 8148: 8146: 8143: 8141: 8138: 8137: 8136: 8133: 8131: 8128: 8126: 8125:Roman Britain 8123: 8121: 8118: 8117: 8115: 8111: 8105: 8102: 8100: 8099:British Isles 8097: 8095: 8092: 8090: 8087: 8085: 8082: 8080: 8077: 8075: 8072: 8070: 8067: 8065: 8062: 8061: 8059: 8055: 8052: 8050: 8046: 8041: 8034: 8029: 8027: 8022: 8020: 8015: 8014: 8011: 8004: 7999: 7995: 7994: 7983: 7981:9781781387061 7977: 7973: 7969: 7964: 7963: 7958: 7957: 7951: 7945: 7941: 7936: 7935: 7929: 7925: 7913: 7909: 7905: 7901: 7897: 7891: 7887: 7886:Penguin Books 7883: 7879: 7875: 7871: 7867: 7863: 7859: 7858: 7853: 7849: 7845: 7839: 7835: 7831: 7827: 7823: 7819: 7813: 7809: 7804: 7803: 7796: 7789: 7785: 7781: 7777: 7773: 7769: 7765: 7764: 7756: 7751: 7747: 7743: 7739: 7735: 7734: 7713: 7709: 7708: 7703: 7697: 7690: 7685: 7677: 7675:3-631-33066-9 7671: 7667: 7661: 7655: 7639: 7635: 7628: 7609: 7605: 7598: 7592: 7575: 7571: 7565: 7549: 7545: 7539: 7530: 7523: 7506: 7502: 7501:"Life Events" 7495: 7476: 7472: 7465: 7459: 7443: 7439: 7438: 7433: 7427: 7411: 7407: 7406: 7401: 7394: 7386: 7382: 7381: 7380:The Spectator 7376: 7374: 7365: 7349: 7345: 7339: 7320: 7313: 7307: 7299: 7297:9781846318191 7293: 7289: 7288: 7280: 7272: 7260: 7256: 7250: 7246: 7245: 7237: 7235: 7226: 7222: 7216: 7209: 7205: 7202: 7197: 7181: 7177: 7176: 7171: 7165: 7156: 7140: 7136: 7132: 7126: 7119: 7111: 7107: 7101: 7094: 7093: 7085: 7069: 7065: 7061: 7057: 7051: 7044: 7040: 7037: 7032: 7013: 7009: 7002: 6996: 6977: 6973: 6966: 6960: 6953: 6949: 6946: 6941: 6934: 6928: 6921: 6915: 6908: 6902: 6895: 6889: 6882: 6878: 6875: 6870: 6854: 6850: 6844: 6836: 6824: 6820: 6819: 6812: 6793: 6789: 6782: 6776: 6769: 6765: 6761: 6758: 6753: 6747: 6743: 6739: 6734: 6728: 6724: 6720: 6715: 6709: 6705: 6702:; see p. 43) 6701: 6697: 6692: 6676: 6672: 6666: 6661: 6655: 6648: 6644: 6641: 6636: 6630:– 2016 Census 6629: 6625: 6622: 6617: 6615: 6607: 6603: 6600: 6595: 6593: 6576: 6572: 6566: 6551: 6547: 6541: 6534: 6529: 6513: 6509: 6505: 6504:Election 2010 6501: 6495: 6487: 6483: 6479: 6475: 6471: 6467: 6466: 6458: 6451: 6446: 6430: 6426: 6422: 6416: 6397: 6390: 6383: 6375: 6371: 6367: 6363: 6356: 6348: 6344: 6338: 6331: 6326: 6310: 6306: 6299: 6280: 6273: 6266: 6259: 6253: 6237: 6233: 6229: 6223: 6207: 6203: 6199: 6193: 6177: 6173: 6169: 6163: 6147: 6143: 6142: 6137: 6130: 6123: 6118: 6110: 6104: 6100: 6096: 6089: 6070: 6066: 6059: 6058: 6050: 6034: 6030: 6029: 6024: 6018: 6002: 5998: 5997:The Economist 5994: 5988: 5986: 5969: 5965: 5964: 5959: 5952: 5936: 5932: 5926: 5910: 5906: 5905: 5900: 5894: 5887: 5883: 5880: 5875: 5868: 5862: 5858: 5851: 5844: 5843: 5839: 5836: 5830: 5828: 5820: 5819: 5814: 5813: 5809: 5806: 5800: 5792: 5788: 5782: 5766: 5762: 5756: 5749: 5748:Jeremy Paxman 5745: 5740: 5733: 5732:0-563-53747-7 5729: 5725: 5721: 5716: 5700: 5696: 5692: 5686: 5679: 5674: 5658: 5654: 5652: 5647: 5641: 5633: 5629: 5625: 5619: 5612: 5611: 5605: 5599: 5598:0-297-83311-1 5595: 5592:, Artus 1979 5591: 5587: 5582: 5575: 5571: 5567: 5566: 5562: 5559: 5553: 5537: 5533: 5529: 5523: 5508: 5504: 5497: 5490: 5486: 5481: 5474: 5470: 5467: 5463: 5462: 5458: 5455: 5449: 5443: 5442:0-7524-2566-8 5439: 5435: 5430: 5414: 5410: 5403: 5384: 5377: 5370: 5363: 5357: 5341: 5337: 5330: 5323: 5317: 5310: 5304: 5285: 5278: 5271: 5264: 5258: 5251: 5247: 5244: 5240: 5239:Todd, Malcolm 5235: 5219: 5215: 5214: 5209: 5202: 5195: 5189: 5180: 5173: 5167: 5160: 5159:0-00-712693-X 5156: 5152: 5151:Francis Pryor 5146: 5139: 5135: 5132: 5127: 5111: 5107: 5103: 5096: 5090: 5089: 5084: 5080: 5077: 5071: 5064: 5060: 5057: 5052: 5044: 5040: 5035: 5030: 5026: 5022: 5018: 5014: 5010: 5006: 5005: 5000: 4993: 4987: 4983: 4977: 4967: 4961: 4957: 4953: 4949: 4946: 4945: 4940: 4934: 4926: 4920: 4916: 4912: 4905: 4886: 4879: 4873: 4857: 4853: 4849: 4844: 4839: 4835: 4831: 4830: 4825: 4818: 4810: 4806: 4801: 4796: 4792: 4788: 4784: 4780: 4779: 4774: 4766: 4750: 4746: 4745: 4740: 4733: 4717: 4713: 4707: 4699: 4695: 4690: 4685: 4681: 4677: 4673: 4669: 4665: 4661: 4660: 4655: 4647: 4645: 4636: 4632: 4625: 4617: 4613: 4609: 4602: 4594: 4590: 4585: 4580: 4576: 4572: 4568: 4564: 4560: 4556: 4551: 4546: 4542: 4538: 4537: 4532: 4524: 4522: 4513: 4512: 4511:The Spectator 4504: 4496: 4490: 4486: 4482: 4475: 4468: 4464: 4459: 4452: 4447: 4441: 4439: 4433: 4428: 4422: 4416: 4412: 4409: 4406: 4400: 4392: 4388: 4387: 4382: 4375: 4367: 4363: 4359: 4353: 4349: 4345: 4344: 4336: 4328: 4324: 4323: 4318: 4311: 4304: 4299: 4291: 4287: 4286: 4285:The Economist 4281: 4275: 4267: 4263: 4262: 4257: 4251: 4244: 4240: 4235: 4228: 4223: 4216: 4215: 4209: 4202: 4201: 4195: 4179: 4175: 4169: 4162: 4150: 4146: 4140: 4133: 4127: 4120: 4119:0-7156-3191-8 4116: 4112: 4106: 4097: 4092: 4088: 4084: 4083: 4078: 4071: 4064: 4058: 4042: 4038: 4032: 4024: 4020: 4016: 4012: 4007: 4002: 3998: 3994: 3993: 3988: 3981: 3965: 3961: 3954: 3948: 3944: 3941: 3937: 3931: 3923: 3919: 3914: 3909: 3905: 3901: 3897: 3893: 3889: 3885: 3881: 3877: 3872: 3868: 3864: 3858: 3856: 3847: 3843: 3838: 3833: 3829: 3825: 3821: 3817: 3813: 3809: 3808: 3803: 3795: 3787: 3783: 3778: 3773: 3769: 3765: 3761: 3757: 3753: 3749: 3748: 3743: 3735: 3733: 3716: 3712: 3708: 3702: 3694: 3682: 3678: 3672: 3668: 3664: 3663: 3655: 3639: 3635: 3629: 3627: 3613: 3609: 3603: 3596: 3595: 3588: 3572: 3568: 3567: 3562: 3556: 3548: 3544: 3538: 3522: 3518: 3512: 3505: 3492: 3488: 3484: 3480: 3474: 3470: 3450: 3441: 3434: 3430: 3424: 3420: 3409: 3406: 3404: 3401: 3399: 3396: 3394: 3391: 3389: 3386: 3384: 3381: 3379: 3376: 3374: 3371: 3369: 3366: 3364: 3361: 3359: 3356: 3354: 3353:Anglo-Burmese 3351: 3349: 3346: 3345: 3343: 3342: 3335: 3332: 3330: 3327: 3325: 3322: 3320: 3317: 3315: 3312: 3310: 3307: 3305: 3302: 3300: 3297: 3295: 3294:Anglicisation 3292: 3291: 3289: 3288: 3281: 3280:White British 3278: 3276: 3273: 3269: 3263: 3262: 3258: 3252: 3249: 3247: 3244: 3242: 3239: 3237: 3234: 3232: 3229: 3227: 3224: 3222: 3219: 3217: 3214: 3212: 3209: 3207: 3204: 3202: 3199: 3197: 3194: 3192: 3189: 3187: 3184: 3182: 3179: 3178: 3173: 3162: 3155: 3153: 3152:J. K. Rowling 3149: 3148:Douglas Adams 3145: 3141: 3137: 3133: 3132: 3127: 3124:In 2003, the 3122: 3120: 3116: 3115:George Orwell 3112: 3111:A. E. Housman 3108: 3104: 3100: 3096: 3095:Rupert Brooke 3092: 3088: 3083: 3081: 3077: 3073: 3069: 3065: 3061: 3057: 3052: 3050: 3046: 3042: 3038: 3034: 3030: 3026: 3022: 3018: 3014: 3010: 3002: 3001: 2996: 2983: 2959: 2955: 2945: 2942: 2934: 2931:February 2020 2924: 2920: 2916: 2910: 2909: 2905: 2900:This section 2898: 2894: 2889: 2888: 2879: 2876: 2868: 2865:February 2020 2858: 2854: 2850: 2844: 2843: 2838:This section 2836: 2827: 2826: 2822: 2812: 2810: 2806: 2802: 2798: 2797:communication 2794: 2790: 2786: 2782: 2778: 2774: 2770: 2766: 2762: 2758: 2754: 2750: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2736: 2732: 2728: 2727: 2721: 2719: 2715: 2711: 2707: 2703: 2700: 2699:West Germanic 2696: 2664: 2660: 2656: 2651: 2646: 2642: 2632: 2630: 2626: 2622: 2618: 2613: 2611: 2607: 2604: 2600: 2596: 2592: 2588: 2585:on behalf of 2584: 2580: 2576: 2575:St Alban 2572: 2568: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2552: 2545: 2541: 2536: 2532: 2530: 2529:parish church 2526: 2522: 2518: 2514: 2513:General Synod 2510: 2506: 2502: 2498: 2490: 2486: 2481: 2471: 2469: 2463: 2453: 2448: 2438: 2436: 2432: 2428: 2424: 2420: 2416: 2412: 2408: 2404: 2400: 2396: 2392: 2387: 2384: 2380: 2372: 2368: 2363: 2353: 2351: 2347: 2342: 2340: 2336: 2332: 2325: 2321: 2311: 2309: 2305: 2301: 2299: 2295: 2291: 2290:British Isles 2287: 2279: 2275: 2274:Alfred Deakin 2271: 2270:Edmund Barton 2267: 2262: 2252: 2250: 2244: 2234: 2231: 2227: 2225: 2221: 2217: 2213: 2209: 2208:County Durham 2205: 2201: 2200:Lowland Scots 2197: 2193: 2188: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2173: 2171: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2133: 2126:United States 2123: 2121: 2120:Western world 2116: 2114: 2103: 2100: 2097: 2095: 2092: 2091: 2087: 2084: 2081: 2079: 2076: 2075: 2071: 2068: 2065: 2062: 2061: 2057: 2054: 2051: 2048: 2047: 2043: 2040: 2037: 2034: 2033: 2029: 2026: 2023: 2020: 2019: 2012: 2002: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1991: 1987: 1982: 1980: 1974: 1972: 1968: 1963: 1958: 1954: 1952: 1948: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1932: 1927: 1925: 1921: 1917: 1906: 1902: 1899: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1875: 1871: 1866: 1864: 1860: 1856: 1852: 1851:Protestantism 1848: 1843: 1841: 1837: 1833: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1814: 1810: 1800: 1796: 1794: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1778: 1774: 1770: 1766: 1762: 1757: 1755: 1751: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1732: 1726: 1721: 1716: 1715:Great Britain 1710: 1705: 1699: 1694: 1689: 1683: 1673: 1671: 1667: 1666: 1660: 1657: 1652: 1647: 1645: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1628: 1625: 1621: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1600: 1590: 1588: 1587:Eamont Bridge 1584: 1579: 1576: 1572: 1568: 1564: 1560: 1554: 1550: 1540: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1497: 1495: 1491: 1485: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1474:British Isles 1471: 1463: 1456:Æthelred II ( 1454: 1449: 1445: 1435: 1431: 1428: 1422: 1420: 1416: 1415: 1410: 1406: 1401: 1394: 1389: 1385: 1383: 1379: 1374: 1370: 1365: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1348: 1343: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1325:Roman Britain 1322: 1311: 1304: 1294: 1292: 1291:Celtic Briton 1287: 1283: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1264: 1260: 1255: 1250: 1240: 1236: 1234: 1233:British Isles 1230: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1213: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1180: 1170: 1168: 1167: 1166:The Spectator 1162: 1157: 1155: 1154:Norman Davies 1151: 1150: 1143: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1129: 1124: 1123: 1116: 1114: 1109: 1102: 1101:Krishan Kumar 1091: 1089: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1068: 1066: 1062: 1051: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1025: 1021: 1016: 1014: 1010: 1006: 1002: 998: 994: 990: 986: 982: 979: 975: 971: 967: 963: 958: 956: 952: 948: 944: 939: 934: 930: 929:West Germanic 926: 922: 918: 914: 910: 898: 893: 891: 886: 884: 879: 878: 876: 875: 870: 860: 859: 858: 857: 850: 847: 845: 842: 840: 837: 835: 832: 831: 827: 821: 820: 813: 810: 809: 805: 799: 798: 791: 788: 786: 783: 781: 778: 776: 773: 771: 768: 766: 763: 761: 758: 756: 753: 751: 748: 746: 743: 742: 738: 732: 731: 724: 721: 719: 716: 714: 711: 709: 706: 704: 701: 700: 696: 690: 689: 682: 679: 677: 674: 672: 669: 667: 666:Garland dance 664: 662: 659: 657: 656:Country dance 654: 652: 649: 648: 644: 640: 634: 633: 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L. Rowse 5512:27 February 5419:21 February 5293:21 February 4722:21 February 4241:, pp. 4047:31 December 3620:51,770,560. 3577:14 December 3497:21 February 3429:Old English 3368:Anglo-Irish 3309:Old English 3231:Manx people 3211:English art 3140:Jane Austen 3087:Jane Austen 3013:Old English 2995:Middle Ages 2718:Old English 2682: 'ah' 2676: 'aa' 2641:Old English 2629:Palm Sunday 2606:Protestants 2603:Free church 2505:Charles III 2419:black sheep 2350:2018 census 2335:New Zealand 2331:1851 census 2314:New Zealand 2308:2016 census 2304:Australians 2220:Westmorland 2177:2000 census 2055:46,550,968 2027:Population 1886:British Raj 1874:slave trade 1820:assimilated 1490:Æthelred II 1480:signed the 1229:Corded Ware 1128:Great Power 775:Lawn tennis 417:New Zealand 208:Protestants 194:, but also 192:Anglicanism 155:New Zealand 137:6.3 million 126:8.3 million 48:(TV series) 46:The English 9767:Categories 9642:Sercquiais 8911:Caymanians 8901:Bermudians 8891:Anguillans 8772:Tudor rose 8476:Parliament 7617:31 October 7511:31 October 6894:Demography 6581:21 October 6533:Kumar 2010 6518:9 February 6450:Kumar 2010 6435:9 February 6405:9 February 6258:Kumar 2003 6242:9 February 6212:9 February 6182:9 February 6144:. London. 6122:Kumar 2003 6078:7 November 6039:9 February 6007:9 February 5974:29 October 5941:29 October 5542:30 October 4913:. 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