402:
284:
1558:
269:
1411:
325:
504:
492:
480:
342:
462:
218:
1498:
retreat the next day into the Battle Zone, behind outposts left in the
Forward Zone of the British defensive system. The divisional commanders were ordered that the Forward Zone must be held and that the Germans must not be given the impression that a withdrawal was in progress. At noon on 12 April, the VIII Corps ordered the infantry retirement to begin that night and the 59th Division was withdrawn and transferred south, to be replaced by part of the 41st Division. The II Corps had begun to withdraw its artillery at the same time as VIII Corps on the night of
234:
202:
63:
313:
450:
438:
1554:, with help from the II Corps artillery. The Germans captured Kippe but were forced out by counter-attacks and the line was restored by nightfall. On the afternoon of 27 April, the south end of the outpost line was driven in when Voormezeele was captured, re-captured and then partly captured by the Germans; another outpost line was set up north-east of the village. Belgian losses were 619 killed, wounded or missing. The Germans lost between 1922 and 2354 men, of which 779 were taken prisoner.
390:
378:
366:
185:
251:
426:
414:
299:
1510:
Passchendaele
Salient. The next day was quiet in the salient and the withdrawal of the II Corps and XXII Corps divisions was covered by the outposts in the original front line and artillery, which was divided into some active batteries which fired and a greater number of batteries kept silent, camouflaged and not to fire except in an emergency. Plumer gave orders to begin the retirement by occupying the line before the night of
1630:, the Germans managed to penetrate Allied lines to a depth of 9.3 mi (15 km). However, they failed in their main objective to capture Hazebrouck and force a British withdrawal from the Ypres salient. More French reinforcements arrived in the latter part of April, after the Germans had suffered many casualties, especially among the
1509:
to the Mt Kemmel, Voormezeele (2.5 mi (4.0 km) south of Ypres), White Château (1 mi (1.6 km) east of Ypres) to
Pilckem Ridge defence line but ordered only that artillery ammunition be carried to the rear; the 4th Army reported on 14 April, that the British were still occupying the
1525:
On 16 April, patrols went forward during the morning and found the area between the old and new front lines to be empty, the
Germans still apparently in ignorance of the retirement; one patrol captured a German officer scouting for observation posts who did not know where the British were. Only in
1497:
On 23 March, Haig had ordered Plumer to make contingency plans to shorten the line along the Ypres
Salient and release troops for the other armies. On 11 April, Plumer authorised a withdrawal of the southern flank of the Second Army and ordered the VIII and II corps in the Passchendaele Salient to
1421:
Also on 10 April, German Fourth Army attacked north of
Armentières with four divisions, against the British 19th Division. The Second Army had sent its reserves south to the First Army and the Germans broke through, advancing up to three kilometres (2 mi) on a six-kilometre (4 mi) front,
1401:
on the Lys. There they were finally halted by
British reserve divisions. On 10 April, the Sixth Army tried to push west from Estaires but was contained for a day; pushing north against the flank of the Second Army, it took Armentières.
1396:
and the 11th
Cyclist Battalion) to stem the German breakthrough but they too were defeated. The Germans broke through 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) of front and advanced up to 8 kilometres (5.0 mi), the most advanced probe reaching
1481:, 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) west of Armentières, despite increasing British resistance. Plumer assessed the heavy losses of the Second Army and the defeat of his southern flank and ordered his northern flank to withdraw from
1526:
the late afternoon did German troops begin to close up to the new line and the
British troops in the Battle Zone easily repulsed the German infantry, the 4th Army diary recorded that patrols discovered the withdrawal at
2289:. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Vol. II (Imperial War Museum & Battery Press ed.). London: Macmillan.
1772:
was to have four brigades at full strength and all the artillery of the corps and the First
Portuguese Division, which would contain two depleted brigades and be withdrawn. The Second Division had a total of
1385:, to the south of the Portuguese in a more defensible position, pulled back its northern brigade and held its ground for the rest of the battle, despite attacks from two German reserve divisions. The British
1604:
the German Fourth Army made a sudden attack on the Kemmelberg with three divisions and captured it. This success gained some ground, but there was no progress made toward a new break in the Allied line.
1597:
had recently assumed supreme command of the Allied forces and on 14 April agreed to send French reserves to the Lys sector. A French division relieved the British defenders of the Kemmelberg.
1099:
1502:
and ordered the 36th and 30th divisions to conform to the VIII Corps withdrawal which were complete by 13 April, without German interference; VIII Corps HQ was transferred to reserve.
596:
4100:
4115:
4299:
1505:
During 13 April, General Headquarters (GHQ) discussed the retirements in the Lys valley, which had lengthened the British front line and Plumer agreed to a retirement in the
1429:
The 25th Division to the south, flanked on both sides, withdrew about four kilometres (2 mi). By 11 April, the British situation was desperate; it was on this day that
4772:
4777:
1332:
The British First Army was a relatively weak force; it included several worn-out formations that had been posted to a "quiet sector". This included two divisions of the
1381:, which held a front of about 11 kilometres (6.8 mi). The Portuguese division was overrun and withdrew towards Estaires after hours of heavy fighting. The British
4197:
3834:
3658:
2998:
1092:
4276:
4304:
2811:
4492:
4219:
3911:
2869:
589:
4599:
1799:(nicknamed "Soldier Millions") repulsed two German assaults single-handedly with a Lewis gun, while covering the retreat of Portuguese and Scottish troops.
4742:
4737:
4507:
4262:
1085:
4767:
4502:
4192:
4143:
4058:
4762:
4747:
4346:
113:
4757:
4752:
826:
582:
4187:
3545:
888:
1577:
is a height commanding the area between Armentières and Ypres. On 17–19 April, the German Fourth Army attacked and was repulsed by the British.
1514:
while maintaining the garrisons in the outpost line and holding the Battle Zone with a few troops as an intermediate line. During the night of
2976:
1336:, which were undermanned, lacked almost half of their officers, had very low morale and were set to be replaced the day of the German attack.
3038:
4732:
4247:
4177:
3816:
3028:
2939:
1522:
and the intermediate line in front of the Battle Zone was to be held as long as possible, to help the troops in the new line to get ready.
1377:. The barrage continued until dawn on 9 April. The Sixth Army then attacked with eight divisions. The German assault struck the Portuguese
4271:
3162:
2616:
190:
2839:
2544:
3169:
809:
2821:
1171:
4497:
1557:
4429:
4267:
4254:
4211:
4120:
3846:
3648:
3555:
3457:
3215:
2862:
1386:
4621:
4611:
4479:
1547:
1373:
The German bombardment opened on the evening of 7 April, against the southern part of the Allied line between Armentières and
4393:
4327:
4164:
4043:
3716:
2735:
2591:
2424:
2373:
2351:
2332:
2294:
2272:
2249:
2084:
1450:
1636:. By 29 April, the German high command realized they could no longer achieve their objectives and called off the offensive.
4568:
3988:
2773:
1830:
1445:, another 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the west. The Germans advanced some 2–4 kilometres (1.2–2.5 mi) and captured
317:
2559:
4339:
3663:
3291:
2796:
1279:
418:
382:
4553:
4538:
3828:
3230:
2988:
17:
674:
4787:
4413:
4107:
3923:
3195:
2666:
2507:
2392:
2313:
627:
1344:
The German plan was to break through the First Army, push the Second Army aside to the north, and drive west to the
3593:
2631:
1321:
1316:
1043:
2449:
4664:
4469:
4449:
4236:
4172:
3995:
3864:
2768:
2688:
2626:
1414:
1382:
745:
3329:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4444:
4138:
2783:
2758:
2656:
1765:
1462:
1333:
1585:
On 18 April, the German Sixth Army attacked south from the breakthrough area toward Béthune but was repulsed.
4439:
4434:
4398:
4332:
4224:
4070:
3653:
3505:
3043:
2971:
2902:
2671:
2641:
2636:
1458:
1454:
767:
1262:, about 40 kilometres (25 mi) south. The front line ran from north-north-east to south-south-west. The
691:
4388:
4015:
3955:
3852:
3757:
3520:
3306:
3010:
2849:
2748:
1287:
1144:
866:
696:
394:
1613:
On 29 April, a final German attack captured the Scherpenberg, a hill to the north-west of the Kemmelberg.
4626:
4063:
4048:
3906:
3858:
3623:
3174:
3048:
2961:
2956:
2725:
2713:
2708:
1551:
1430:
1225:
and out of the war. In planning, execution and effects, Georgette was similar to (although smaller than)
1149:
1066:
1038:
1018:
851:
606:
370:
50:
3235:
708:
4727:
4606:
4563:
3840:
3598:
3583:
3485:
3354:
2922:
2834:
2791:
1808:
XXII and II corps divisions were the 30th, 36th, 41st, 6th and brigades of the 49th and 21st divisions.
1159:
1013:
1003:
981:
915:
831:
821:
794:
622:
4548:
4316:
3900:
3888:
3643:
3628:
3349:
3240:
2934:
2912:
2661:
2651:
2584:
1410:
1348:, cutting off British forces in France from their supply line which ran through the Channel ports of
1134:
1061:
1033:
988:
971:
927:
841:
762:
718:
713:
304:
3495:
1441:
On 12 April, the Sixth Army renewed its attack in the south, towards the important supply centre of
4782:
4722:
4523:
4010:
4000:
3929:
3882:
3870:
3810:
3618:
3613:
3535:
2944:
2917:
2621:
1645:
1312:
1304:
1028:
942:
846:
772:
508:
239:
31:
4594:
4586:
4528:
4288:
3983:
3746:
3573:
3568:
3500:
3359:
3344:
3339:
3319:
3200:
3077:
1378:
1194:
1109:
993:
954:
932:
782:
723:
649:
484:
256:
3540:
4361:
4085:
4020:
3876:
3603:
3530:
3480:
3465:
3447:
3420:
3334:
3301:
2966:
2927:
2907:
2718:
2611:
2287:
Military Operations France and Belgium: 1918 March–April: Continuation of the German Offensives
1745:
1393:
1389:(to the north of the Portuguese) collapsed under the German attack and fell back to the north.
1139:
1008:
976:
937:
905:
836:
804:
777:
750:
659:
564:
787:
4351:
4005:
3894:
3670:
3633:
3563:
3510:
3432:
3400:
3374:
3324:
3255:
3157:
3110:
2894:
2763:
2646:
2508:"The Portuguese Expeditionary Corps in World War I: From Inception to Destruction, 1914–1918"
2261:
History of the Great War: Order of Battle of Divisions, Part 1: The Regular British Divisions
1023:
998:
856:
738:
642:
430:
289:
274:
107:
4701:
4616:
3296:
3270:
3220:
2577:
2282:
1326:
910:
3245:
8:
4683:
3822:
3686:
3638:
3515:
3475:
3470:
3415:
3098:
3092:
2993:
1659:
and a similar number of German casualties. Total casualties since 21 March were British:
1308:
1275:
920:
876:
871:
686:
664:
496:
442:
4636:
2474:
4643:
4558:
3917:
3781:
3763:
3728:
3692:
3525:
3490:
3442:
3427:
3314:
3265:
3104:
3063:
2743:
2361:
1795:
Despite the defeat, acts of remarkable bravery were shown by some Portuguese soldiers;
1283:
893:
733:
654:
2410:
632:
406:
4676:
4670:
4631:
4533:
4366:
3949:
3804:
3787:
3588:
3410:
3390:
3225:
3210:
3140:
3128:
2829:
2806:
2753:
2518:
2478:
2420:
2388:
2369:
2347:
2328:
2309:
2290:
2268:
2245:
1226:
1122:
959:
900:
703:
1796:
1764:
This action was one of the greatest defeats ever suffered by Portuguese forces. The
3734:
3704:
3698:
3608:
3437:
3405:
3395:
3134:
3058:
3053:
2981:
2801:
2701:
1206:
861:
637:
454:
62:
2554:
2549:
4543:
4383:
3722:
3275:
3250:
2949:
2857:
2696:
1345:
1154:
1056:
728:
4376:
4356:
4027:
3740:
3578:
3369:
3260:
3116:
3020:
3003:
1769:
1594:
1542:
Forest (The Battle of Merckem) against the 10th and 3rd Belgian divisions from
1478:
1446:
799:
669:
1644:
In 1937, C. B. Davies, J. E. Edmonds and R. G. B. Maxwell-Hyslop, the British
1267:
4716:
4487:
3775:
3769:
3205:
3122:
3033:
2522:
2482:
1518:
the outpost line garrisons were to be withdrawn behind the new front line at
1506:
1222:
681:
466:
347:
330:
128:
115:
3937:
3364:
1562:
1271:
1077:
4148:
4053:
3751:
3179:
2600:
2053:
1202:
54:
1768:
had been reorganising so that the Second Portuguese Division of General
2457:
1574:
1543:
1486:
1482:
1442:
1255:
3943:
3710:
2564:
2416:
1539:
1374:
1266:
River, running from south-west to north-east, crossed the front near
207:
2065:
2029:
4203:
2175:
1993:
1398:
1357:
1243:
1198:
99:
1353:
1251:
312:
103:
2151:
574:
1981:
1957:
1921:
1349:
1259:
223:
2569:
2187:
1897:
164:
Germans penetrate British lines up to 9.3 mi (15 km)
4371:
1423:
1247:
1218:
2264:
2163:
1263:
2139:
2127:
2115:
2103:
2091:
2017:
1969:
1945:
2263:(Naval & Military Press, Uckfield ed.). London:
2199:
1885:
1873:
1849:
1837:
1193:, was fought from 7 to 29 April 1918 and was part of the
1831:"American Military Operations and Casualties in 1917–18"
1608:
1588:
2550:
The Battle of the Lys 1918, 4th Battle of Ypres: Kemmel
2242:
The Battle for Flanders: German Defeat on the Lys, 1918
2005:
1568:
1319:). Both armies included substantial numbers of the new
2322:
2211:
2041:
1933:
1909:
1538:
On 17 April, the Belgian Army defeated an attack from
1492:
1453:, which had been transferred to the area. The British
1270:
in the middle of this zone. The front was held by the
1861:
1436:
4773:
Battles of World War I involving the United Kingdom
2085:"100 jaar geleden: de eerste Belgische overwinning"
1468:
1405:
4778:Battles of World War I involving the United States
2303:
2157:
1368:
1246:, from about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) east of
4714:
2368:(Penguin reprint ed.). London: Allen Lane.
2304:Gudmundsson, Bruce I.; English, John A. (1994).
1477:the Germans drove forward in the centre, taking
181:
3546:Armistice between Russia and the Central Powers
1580:
1533:
2565:List of British Forces involved in the battles
2412:Operational Art and the German 1918 Offensives
265:
2585:
1433:issued his famous "backs to the wall" order.
1093:
590:
247:
27:Part of the 1918 German offensive in Flanders
2477:. Military History Encyclopedia on the Web.
1631:
4036:
2360:
2341:
2205:
2193:
1690:Middlebrook estimated French casualties as
1489:; the Belgian Army to the north conformed.
1417:troops blinded by poison gas, 10 April 1918
1107:
4743:Battles of World War I involving Australia
4738:Battles of the Western Front (World War I)
2592:
2578:
1100:
1086:
597:
583:
295:
4768:Battles of World War I involving Portugal
2447:
1915:
1748:, the "Red Baron," was killed in action.
1237:
1221:, forcing the British forces back to the
338:
4763:Battles of World War I involving Germany
4748:Battles of World War I involving Belgium
3835:Revolutions and interventions in Hungary
2323:Henriques, M. C.; Leitão, A. R. (2001).
1556:
1409:
1339:
1298:
280:
4758:Battles of World War I involving France
4753:Battles of World War I involving Canada
4212:Occupied Enemy Territory Administration
2517:. Texas US: University of North Texas.
2472:
2408:
2281:
2217:
2181:
2145:
2133:
2121:
2109:
2097:
2071:
2059:
2047:
2035:
2023:
1999:
1987:
1975:
1963:
1951:
1939:
1927:
1903:
1891:
1879:
1867:
1855:
1843:
1449:. On 13 April they were stopped by the
1325:, trained to lead attacks with the new
1254:to 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) east of
1205:. It was originally planned by General
14:
4715:
2382:
2244:. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Military.
2169:
1833:. University of Kansas Medical Center.
4165:Austro-Hungarian occupation of Serbia
3501:Third Battle of Ypres (Passchendaele)
2573:
2505:
2325:La Lys, 1918 ("Batalhas de Portugal")
2258:
2239:
2011:
1609:Battle of the Scherpenberg (29 April)
1589:Second Battle of Kemmel (25–26 April)
1303:The German attacking forces were the
1282:) in the north and centre and by the
1081:
578:
30:For the Second World War battle, see
4569:Agreement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne
2475:"Battle of the Lys, 9–29 April 1918"
2308:. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.
1828:
1569:First Battle of Kemmel (17–19 April)
1392:Horne committed his reserves (First
4733:Battle honours of the Rifle Brigade
4498:Ottomans against the Triple Entente
3292:Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes
2385:World War I: A Student Encyclopedia
1561:British gunners with 18-pounder at
1493:Retirement from Passchendaele Ridge
1229:, earlier in the Spring Offensive.
24:
3231:First Battle of the Masurian Lakes
2498:
2062:, pp. 299–300, 319, 316, 326.
1730:and 12 guns. In 2006 Zabecki gave
1437:Battle of Hazebrouck (12–15 April)
1217:, with the objective of capturing
25:
4799:
2538:
604:
3594:Second Battle of the Piave River
3216:Russian invasion of East Prussia
1469:Battle of Bailleul (13–15 April)
1406:Battle of Messines (10–11 April)
502:
490:
478:
460:
448:
436:
424:
412:
400:
388:
376:
364:
340:
323:
311:
297:
282:
267:
249:
232:
216:
200:
183:
61:
4665:Arrest of a Suspect in Sarajevo
3865:Lithuanian Wars of Independence
2599:
2387:. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO.
2077:
1802:
1383:55th (West Lancashire) Division
1369:Battle of Estaires (9–11 April)
4488:Austria-Hungary against Serbia
4347:Deportations from East Prussia
4144:1915 typhus epidemic in Serbia
2473:Rickard, J. (27 August 2007).
2158:Gudmundsson & English 1994
1822:
1766:Portuguese Expeditionary Corps
1758:
1707:In 2002, Marix Evans recorded
1675:In 1978, Middlebrook wrote of
1334:Portuguese Expeditionary Corps
1242:The German attack zone was in
13:
1:
4399:Ukrainian Canadian internment
2227:
2074:, pp. 337–338, 342, 443.
2038:, pp. 113–114, 245, 275.
1789:
1774:
1695:
1660:
1653:
1639:
1232:
150:
4554:Sazonov–Paléologue Agreement
3853:Estonian War of Independence
3521:Southern Palestine offensive
2184:, pp. 482–483, 487–490.
2002:, pp. 254–281, 305–329.
1815:
1616:
1581:Battle of Béthune (18 April)
1534:Battle of Merckem (17 April)
7:
4508:USA against Austria-Hungary
3907:Turkish War of Independence
3859:Latvian War of Independence
3584:Treaty of Bucharest of 1918
3175:Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo
2450:"Portugal in the Great War"
2344:1918: The Year of Victories
1711:casualties and the loss of
1621:
1461:held Nieppe Forest and the
1457:defended Hinges Ridge, the
1067:Western Front tactics, 1917
148:
10:
4804:
4591:Treaties of Brest-Litovsk
4139:1899–1923 cholera pandemic
3599:Second Battle of the Marne
3486:Second battle of the Aisne
3355:Second Battle of Champagne
3196:German invasion of Belgium
2087:(in Dutch). 17 April 2018.
1293:
67:German Lys offensive, 1918
29:
4697:
4656:
4577:
4516:
4478:
4422:
4411:
4372:Assyrian genocide (Sayfo)
4315:
4287:
4235:
4157:
4131:
4083:
3976:
3969:
3901:Irish War of Independence
3797:
3679:
3644:Armistice of Villa Giusti
3629:Battle of Vittorio Veneto
3554:
3456:
3383:
3284:
3241:First Battle of the Marne
3188:
3150:
3085:
3076:
3019:
2893:
2882:
2848:
2820:
2782:
2734:
2687:
2680:
2607:
1546:to Lake Blankaart by the
1451:First Australian Division
1363:
1274:in the far north, by the
1119:
614:
563:8 aircraft including the
530:
517:
354:
172:
79:7–29 April 1918
71:
60:
48:
43:
4788:History of West Flanders
4524:Constantinople Agreement
3817:Armenian–Azerbaijani War
3680:Co-belligerent conflicts
3649:Second Romanian campaign
3619:Third Transjordan attack
3330:Gorlice–Tarnów offensive
3236:Battle of Grand Couronné
2383:Tucker, Spencer (2006).
2342:Marix Evans, M. (2002).
1990:, pp. 222, 249–254.
1966:, pp. 193, 200–204.
1930:, pp. 156, 165–174.
1906:, pp. 147–148, 168.
1793: 7,000 casualties.
1751:
1415:West Lancashire Division
32:Battle of the Lys (1940)
4587:Modus vivendi of Acroma
4539:Bulgaria–Germany treaty
3847:Greater Poland Uprising
3747:National Protection War
3624:Meuse–Argonne offensive
3574:German spring offensive
3569:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
3345:Siege of Novogeorgievsk
3320:Second Battle of Artois
3201:Battle of the Frontiers
2409:Zabecki, D. T. (2006).
2285:; et al. (1995) .
1784:infantry, a deficit of
1664: 240,000, French:
1195:German spring offensive
1111:German spring offensive
955:German spring offensive
526:35 divisions (~612,500)
485:Ludwig von Falkenhausen
4612:Paris Peace Conference
4600:Ukraine–Central Powers
4394:Massacres of Albanians
4362:Late Ottoman genocides
4169:Bulgarian occupations
3877:Third Anglo-Afghan War
3841:Hungarian–Romanian War
3659:Naval Victory Bulletin
3654:Armistice with Germany
3604:Hundred Days Offensive
3531:Battle of La Malmaison
3481:Second battle of Arras
3448:Battle of Transylvania
3302:Second Battle of Ypres
3170:Sarajevo assassination
3059:South African Republic
2448:Rodrigues, H. (2013).
2259:Becke, A. F. (2007) .
1746:Manfred von Richthofen
1632:
1565:
1552:6th Bavarian divisions
1418:
1238:Strategic developments
1191:Fourth Battle of Ypres
355:Commanders and leaders
4622:Treaty of St. Germain
4595:Russia–Central Powers
4549:Sykes–Picot Agreement
4377:Pontic Greek genocide
4352:Destruction of Kalisz
4328:Eastern Mediterranean
3889:Polish–Lithuanian War
3671:Armistice of Belgrade
3634:Armistice of Salonica
3564:Operation Faustschlag
3511:Third Battle of Oituz
3433:Baranovichi offensive
3401:Lake Naroch offensive
3375:Battle of Robat Karim
3350:Vistula–Bug offensive
3325:Battles of the Isonzo
3256:First Battle of Ypres
2240:Baker, Chris (2011).
2172:, pp. 1153–1154.
1726:and French losses of
1657: 82,000 British
1648:gave casualties from
1560:
1413:
1340:German plan of attack
1299:Tactical developments
531:Casualties and losses
4617:Treaty of Versailles
4333:Mount Lebanon famine
4248:in the United States
4216:Russian occupations
3930:Turkish–Armenian War
3871:Polish–Ukrainian War
3811:Ukrainian–Soviet War
3758:Central Asian Revolt
3541:Armistice of Focșani
3271:Battle of Sarikamish
3221:Battle of Tannenberg
2617:Military engagements
2346:. London: Arcturus.
2327:. Lisboa: Prefácio.
1550:, 2nd Naval and the
1315:in the north (under
1307:in the south (under
1189:, also known as the
1062:French Army mutinies
1057:1914 Christmas truce
827:Hohenzollern Redoubt
129:50.70556°N 2.90000°E
4684:They shall not pass
4607:Treaty of Bucharest
4564:Treaty of Bucharest
4503:USA against Germany
4480:Declarations of war
4184:German occupations
4097:British casualties
3956:Soviet–Georgian War
3883:Egyptian Revolution
3823:Armeno-Georgian War
3687:Somaliland campaign
3639:Armistice of Mudros
3516:Battle of Caporetto
3506:Battle of Mărășești
3476:Zimmermann telegram
3471:February Revolution
3416:Battle of the Somme
3340:Bug-Narew Offensive
3315:Battle of Gallipoli
3307:Sinking of the RMS
3099:Scramble for Africa
3093:Franco-Prussian War
2749:Sinai and Palestine
2555:Operation Georgette
2366:The Kaiser's Battle
2196:, pp. 347–348.
2148:, pp. 442–452.
2136:, pp. 428–440.
2124:, pp. 409–428.
2112:, pp. 357–363.
2100:, pp. 341–368.
2026:, pp. 284–329.
1978:, pp. 204–209.
1954:, pp. 174–197.
1894:, pp. 149–155.
1882:, pp. 159–160.
1858:, pp. 159–163.
1846:, pp. 154–155.
1699: 250,000 with
1646:official historians
1465:was also involved.
1394:King Edward's Horse
1309:Ferdinand von Quast
1276:British Second Army
1215:Operation Georgette
1213:but was reduced to
1166:Associated articles
1051:Associated articles
768:Hartmannswillerkopf
628:Invasion of Belgium
509:Friedrich von Armin
497:Ferdinand von Quast
125: /
4644:Treaty of Lausanne
4559:Paris Economy Pact
4493:UK against Germany
4423:Entry into the war
4389:Urkun (Kyrgyzstan)
4108:Ottoman casualties
3918:Franco-Turkish War
3798:Post-War conflicts
3782:Russian Revolution
3764:Invasion of Darfur
3729:Kelantan rebellion
3717:Kurdish rebellions
3693:Mexican Revolution
3526:October Revolution
3491:Kerensky offensive
3466:Capture of Baghdad
3443:Monastir offensive
3428:Brusilov offensive
3266:Battle of Kolubara
3105:Russo-Japanese War
2506:Pyles, J. (2012).
2014:, pp. 63, 71.
1829:Thompson, George.
1788:the division lost
1778: 21,000 men,
1715:British losses of
1566:
1419:
1327:stormtroop tactics
1284:British First Army
419:Tamagnini de Abreu
263:
245:
229:
213:
197:
18:Battle of Estaires
4728:April 1918 events
4710:
4709:
4693:
4692:
4677:The Golden Virgin
4671:Mutilated victory
4652:
4651:
4632:Treaty of Trianon
4627:Treaty of Neuilly
4534:Damascus Protocol
4407:
4406:
4367:Armenian genocide
4324:Allied blockades
4296:Belgian refugees
4079:
4078:
3989:Strategic bombing
3965:
3964:
3950:Franco-Syrian War
3924:Greco-Turkish War
3912:Anglo-Turkish War
3895:Polish–Soviet War
3829:German Revolution
3805:Russian Civil War
3788:Finnish Civil War
3614:Battle of Megiddo
3589:Battle of Goychay
3536:Battle of Cambrai
3496:Battle of Mărăști
3411:Battle of Jutland
3391:Erzurum offensive
3246:Siege of Przemyśl
3226:Siege of Tsingtao
3211:Battle of Galicia
3141:Second Balkan War
3129:Italo-Turkish War
3086:Pre-War conflicts
3072:
3071:
2962:Portuguese Empire
2878:
2877:
2840:German New Guinea
2822:Asian and Pacific
2460:on 4 October 2013
2426:978-0-415-35600-8
2375:978-0-7139-1081-0
2353:978-0-572-02838-1
2334:978-972-8563-49-3
2296:978-0-89839-223-4
2274:978-1-84734-738-1
2251:978-1-84884-298-4
1702:50–60,000 lightly
1485:to Ypres and the
1227:Operation Michael
1187:Battle of the Lys
1180:
1179:
1075:
1074:
901:Nivelle offensive
675:Trouée de Charmes
573:
572:
168:
167:
134:50.70556; 2.90000
44:Battle of the Lys
16:(Redirected from
4795:
4637:Treaty of Sèvres
4529:Treaty of London
4420:
4419:
4198:Northeast France
4129:
4128:
4101:Parliamentarians
4034:
4033:
3996:Chemical weapons
3974:
3973:
3735:Senussi campaign
3705:Muscat rebellion
3699:Maritz rebellion
3667:
3609:Vardar offensive
3438:Battle of Romani
3406:Battle of Asiago
3396:Battle of Verdun
3360:Kosovo offensive
3135:First Balkan War
3083:
3082:
2982:Russian Republic
2891:
2890:
2685:
2684:
2627:Economic history
2594:
2587:
2580:
2571:
2570:
2533:
2531:
2529:
2512:
2493:
2491:
2489:
2469:
2467:
2465:
2456:. Archived from
2437:
2435:
2433:
2398:
2379:
2357:
2338:
2319:
2300:
2278:
2255:
2221:
2215:
2209:
2206:Marix Evans 2002
2203:
2197:
2194:Middlebrook 1978
2191:
2185:
2179:
2173:
2167:
2161:
2155:
2149:
2143:
2137:
2131:
2125:
2119:
2113:
2107:
2101:
2095:
2089:
2088:
2081:
2075:
2069:
2063:
2057:
2051:
2045:
2039:
2033:
2027:
2021:
2015:
2009:
2003:
1997:
1991:
1985:
1979:
1973:
1967:
1961:
1955:
1949:
1943:
1937:
1931:
1925:
1919:
1913:
1907:
1901:
1895:
1889:
1883:
1877:
1871:
1865:
1859:
1853:
1847:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1826:
1809:
1806:
1800:
1794:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1776:
1762:
1740:
1736:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1684:75,000 prisoners
1682:
1678:
1672:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1658:
1655:
1651:
1635:
1603:
1530:that afternoon.
1529:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1501:
1476:
1290:) in the south.
1211:Operation George
1207:Erich Ludendorff
1145:Montdidier-Noyon
1114:
1112:
1102:
1095:
1088:
1079:
1078:
1014:St Quentin Canal
609:
599:
592:
585:
576:
575:
507:
506:
505:
495:
494:
493:
483:
482:
481:
465:
464:
463:
455:Cyriaque Gillain
453:
452:
451:
441:
440:
439:
429:
428:
427:
417:
416:
415:
405:
404:
403:
393:
392:
391:
381:
380:
379:
369:
368:
367:
350:
346:
344:
343:
329:
327:
326:
316:
315:
307:
303:
301:
300:
292:
288:
286:
285:
277:
273:
271:
270:
264:
259:
255:
253:
252:
246:
238:
236:
235:
230:
222:
220:
219:
214:
206:
204:
203:
198:
193:
189:
187:
186:
154:
140:
139:
137:
136:
135:
130:
126:
123:
122:
121:
118:
90:
88:
84:
73:
72:
65:
41:
40:
21:
4803:
4802:
4798:
4797:
4796:
4794:
4793:
4792:
4783:Battles in 1918
4723:1918 in Belgium
4713:
4712:
4711:
4706:
4689:
4648:
4580:
4573:
4544:Treaty of Darin
4512:
4474:
4430:Austria-Hungary
4416:
4403:
4384:Rape of Belgium
4311:
4283:
4231:
4225:Western Armenia
4220:Eastern Galicia
4153:
4127:
4091:
4090:Civilian impact
4089:
4075:
4032:
3961:
3793:
3723:Ovambo Uprising
3675:
3661:
3550:
3452:
3379:
3297:Battle of Łomża
3280:
3276:Christmas truce
3251:Race to the Sea
3184:
3146:
3068:
3039:Austria-Hungary
3015:
2950:Empire of Japan
2887:
2885:
2874:
2858:U-boat campaign
2844:
2816:
2778:
2730:
2676:
2657:Popular culture
2603:
2598:
2560:Portugal in WWI
2541:
2536:
2527:
2525:
2510:
2501:
2499:Further reading
2496:
2487:
2485:
2463:
2461:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2415:(PhD). London:
2395:
2376:
2362:Middlebrook, M.
2354:
2335:
2316:
2297:
2275:
2252:
2230:
2225:
2224:
2216:
2212:
2204:
2200:
2192:
2188:
2180:
2176:
2168:
2164:
2156:
2152:
2144:
2140:
2132:
2128:
2120:
2116:
2108:
2104:
2096:
2092:
2083:
2082:
2078:
2070:
2066:
2058:
2054:
2046:
2042:
2034:
2030:
2022:
2018:
2010:
2006:
1998:
1994:
1986:
1982:
1974:
1970:
1962:
1958:
1950:
1946:
1938:
1934:
1926:
1922:
1914:
1910:
1902:
1898:
1890:
1886:
1878:
1874:
1866:
1862:
1854:
1850:
1842:
1838:
1827:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1812:
1807:
1803:
1792:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1763:
1759:
1754:
1744:The German ace
1738:
1734:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1716:
1713:eight aircraft,
1712:
1708:
1701:
1698:
1691:
1688:63,000 wounded.
1687:
1683:
1680:
1677:160,000 British
1676:
1670:
1666:
1663:
1656:
1649:
1642:
1624:
1619:
1611:
1601:
1593:French General
1591:
1583:
1571:
1536:
1527:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1499:
1495:
1474:
1471:
1455:Fourth Division
1439:
1408:
1379:Second Division
1371:
1366:
1346:English Channel
1342:
1301:
1296:
1240:
1235:
1203:First World War
1183:
1182:
1181:
1176:
1172:Order of Battle
1163:
1150:3rd Morlancourt
1115:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1076:
1071:
1048:
852:Vimy Ridge 1916
729:Race to the Sea
697:1st St. Quentin
619:
610:
605:
603:
569:
551:
539:118,300–119,040
513:
503:
501:
491:
489:
479:
477:
471:
461:
459:
449:
447:
437:
435:
425:
423:
413:
411:
407:Philippe Pétain
401:
399:
389:
387:
377:
375:
365:
363:
341:
339:
335:
324:
322:
310:
298:
296:
283:
281:
268:
266:
262:
250:
248:
244:
233:
231:
228:
217:
215:
212:
201:
199:
196:
184:
182:
160:
133:
131:
127:
124:
119:
116:
114:
112:
111:
110:
86:
82:
80:
66:
55:First World War
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4801:
4791:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4708:
4707:
4705:
4704:
4698:
4695:
4694:
4691:
4690:
4688:
4687:
4680:
4673:
4668:
4660:
4658:
4654:
4653:
4650:
4649:
4647:
4646:
4641:
4640:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4609:
4604:
4603:
4602:
4597:
4589:
4583:
4581:
4579:Peace treaties
4578:
4575:
4574:
4572:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4520:
4518:
4514:
4513:
4511:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4484:
4482:
4476:
4475:
4473:
4472:
4467:
4465:United Kingdom
4462:
4457:
4455:Ottoman Empire
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4426:
4424:
4417:
4412:
4409:
4408:
4405:
4404:
4402:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4380:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4359:
4357:Sack of Dinant
4354:
4349:
4344:
4343:
4342:
4337:
4336:
4335:
4321:
4319:
4313:
4312:
4310:
4309:
4308:
4307:
4305:United Kingdom
4302:
4293:
4291:
4285:
4284:
4282:
4281:
4280:
4279:
4274:
4265:
4259:POW locations
4257:
4252:
4251:
4250:
4241:
4239:
4233:
4232:
4230:
4229:
4228:
4227:
4222:
4214:
4209:
4208:
4207:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4182:
4181:
4180:
4175:
4167:
4161:
4159:
4155:
4154:
4152:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4135:
4133:
4126:
4125:
4124:
4123:
4118:
4110:
4105:
4104:
4103:
4094:
4092:
4084:
4081:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4073:
4068:
4067:
4066:
4059:United Kingdom
4056:
4054:Ottoman Empire
4051:
4046:
4040:
4038:
4031:
4030:
4028:Trench warfare
4025:
4024:
4023:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3992:
3991:
3980:
3978:
3971:
3967:
3966:
3963:
3962:
3960:
3959:
3953:
3947:
3941:
3935:
3934:
3933:
3927:
3921:
3915:
3904:
3898:
3892:
3886:
3880:
3874:
3868:
3862:
3856:
3850:
3844:
3838:
3832:
3826:
3820:
3814:
3808:
3801:
3799:
3795:
3794:
3792:
3791:
3785:
3779:
3773:
3767:
3761:
3755:
3749:
3744:
3741:Volta-Bani War
3738:
3732:
3726:
3720:
3714:
3708:
3702:
3696:
3690:
3683:
3681:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3673:
3668:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3579:Zeebrugge Raid
3576:
3571:
3566:
3560:
3558:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3462:
3460:
3454:
3453:
3451:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3424:
3423:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3387:
3385:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3377:
3372:
3370:Battle of Loos
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3288:
3286:
3282:
3281:
3279:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3261:Black Sea raid
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3192:
3190:
3186:
3185:
3183:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3166:
3165:
3163:Historiography
3154:
3152:
3148:
3147:
3145:
3144:
3138:
3132:
3126:
3120:
3117:Bosnian Crisis
3114:
3111:Tangier Crisis
3108:
3102:
3096:
3089:
3087:
3080:
3074:
3073:
3070:
3069:
3067:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3044:Ottoman Empire
3041:
3036:
3031:
3025:
3023:
3021:Central Powers
3017:
3016:
3014:
3013:
3008:
3007:
3006:
3004:British Empire
2999:United Kingdom
2996:
2991:
2986:
2985:
2984:
2979:
2977:Russian Empire
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2953:
2952:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2931:
2930:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2899:
2897:
2895:Entente Powers
2888:
2883:
2880:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2872:
2867:
2866:
2865:
2863:North Atlantic
2854:
2852:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2826:
2824:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2788:
2786:
2780:
2779:
2777:
2776:
2774:Central Arabia
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2740:
2738:
2736:Middle Eastern
2732:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2723:
2722:
2721:
2711:
2706:
2705:
2704:
2693:
2691:
2682:
2678:
2677:
2675:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2637:Historiography
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2608:
2605:
2604:
2597:
2596:
2589:
2582:
2574:
2568:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2540:
2539:External links
2537:
2535:
2534:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2494:
2470:
2439:
2438:
2425:
2400:
2399:
2393:
2380:
2374:
2358:
2352:
2339:
2333:
2320:
2314:
2301:
2295:
2283:Edmonds, J. E.
2279:
2273:
2256:
2250:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2223:
2222:
2220:, p. 349.
2210:
2198:
2186:
2174:
2162:
2150:
2138:
2126:
2114:
2102:
2090:
2076:
2064:
2052:
2050:, p. 326.
2040:
2028:
2016:
2004:
1992:
1980:
1968:
1956:
1944:
1942:, p. 174.
1932:
1920:
1916:Rodrigues 2013
1908:
1896:
1884:
1872:
1870:, p. 155.
1860:
1848:
1836:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1801:
1797:Aníbal Milhais
1770:Gomes da Costa
1756:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1735:82,040 British
1732:86,000 German,
1709:109,300 German
1681:22,000 killed,
1641:
1638:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1610:
1607:
1595:Ferdinand Foch
1590:
1587:
1582:
1579:
1570:
1567:
1535:
1532:
1494:
1491:
1470:
1467:
1459:Fifth Division
1438:
1435:
1422:and capturing
1407:
1404:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1341:
1338:
1317:Sixt von Armin
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1174:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1105:
1104:
1097:
1090:
1082:
1073:
1072:
1070:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1047:
1046:
1044:Lys and Escaut
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
985:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
946:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
924:
923:
918:
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908:
898:
891:
880:
879:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
813:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
791:
790:
780:
775:
773:Neuve Chapelle
770:
765:
754:
753:
748:
746:Winter actions
743:
742:
741:
736:
726:
721:
716:
711:
709:Grand Couronné
706:
701:
700:
699:
694:
689:
679:
678:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
647:
646:
645:
640:
635:
625:
615:
612:
611:
602:
601:
594:
587:
579:
571:
570:
568:
567:
561:
558:
557:86,000–109,300
554:
552:
550:
549:
546:
543:
540:
536:
533:
532:
528:
527:
524:
520:
519:
515:
514:
512:
511:
499:
487:
474:
472:
470:
469:
457:
445:
433:
431:Gomes da Costa
421:
409:
397:
385:
383:Herbert Plumer
373:
360:
357:
356:
352:
351:
336:
334:
333:
320:
308:
293:
278:
260:
242:
226:
210:
194:
191:United Kingdom
178:
175:
174:
170:
169:
166:
165:
162:
156:
155:
146:
142:
141:
98:
96:
92:
91:
77:
69:
68:
58:
57:
46:
45:
39:
38:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4800:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
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4751:
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4703:
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4696:
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4608:
4605:
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4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4485:
4483:
4481:
4477:
4471:
4470:United States
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4427:
4425:
4421:
4418:
4415:
4410:
4400:
4397:
4395:
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4387:
4385:
4382:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
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4364:
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4360:
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4286:
4278:
4275:
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4269:
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4264:
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4102:
4099:
4098:
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4095:
4093:
4087:
4082:
4072:
4071:United States
4069:
4065:
4062:
4061:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4041:
4039:
4035:
4029:
4026:
4022:
4021:Convoy system
4019:
4018:
4017:
4016:Naval warfare
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3990:
3987:
3986:
3985:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3975:
3972:
3968:
3957:
3954:
3951:
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3925:
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3910:
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3899:
3896:
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3890:
3887:
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3875:
3872:
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3866:
3863:
3860:
3857:
3854:
3851:
3848:
3845:
3842:
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3833:
3830:
3827:
3824:
3821:
3818:
3815:
3812:
3809:
3806:
3803:
3802:
3800:
3796:
3789:
3786:
3783:
3780:
3777:
3776:Kaocen revolt
3774:
3771:
3770:Easter Rising
3768:
3765:
3762:
3759:
3756:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
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3527:
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3512:
3509:
3507:
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3499:
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3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
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3461:
3459:
3455:
3449:
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3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3422:
3419:
3418:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3382:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3335:Great Retreat
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3310:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3289:
3287:
3283:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3206:Battle of Cer
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3193:
3191:
3187:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3164:
3161:
3160:
3159:
3156:
3155:
3153:
3149:
3142:
3139:
3136:
3133:
3130:
3127:
3124:
3123:Agadir Crisis
3121:
3118:
3115:
3112:
3109:
3106:
3103:
3100:
3097:
3094:
3091:
3090:
3088:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3075:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3022:
3018:
3012:
3011:United States
3009:
3005:
3002:
3001:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2974:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2951:
2948:
2947:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2929:
2928:French Empire
2926:
2925:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2900:
2898:
2896:
2892:
2889:
2881:
2871:
2870:Mediterranean
2868:
2864:
2861:
2860:
2859:
2856:
2855:
2853:
2851:
2850:Naval warfare
2847:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2819:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2787:
2785:
2781:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2733:
2727:
2726:Italian Front
2724:
2720:
2717:
2716:
2715:
2714:Eastern Front
2712:
2710:
2709:Western Front
2707:
2703:
2700:
2699:
2698:
2695:
2694:
2692:
2690:
2686:
2683:
2679:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2667:Puppet states
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2609:
2606:
2602:
2595:
2590:
2588:
2583:
2581:
2576:
2575:
2572:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2509:
2504:
2503:
2484:
2480:
2476:
2471:
2459:
2455:
2454:France at War
2451:
2446:
2445:
2444:
2443:
2428:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2405:
2404:
2396:
2394:1-85109-879-8
2390:
2386:
2381:
2377:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2349:
2345:
2340:
2336:
2330:
2326:
2321:
2317:
2315:0-275-94972-9
2311:
2307:
2302:
2298:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2257:
2253:
2247:
2243:
2238:
2237:
2236:
2235:
2219:
2214:
2208:, p. 81.
2207:
2202:
2195:
2190:
2183:
2178:
2171:
2166:
2160:, p. 29.
2159:
2154:
2147:
2142:
2135:
2130:
2123:
2118:
2111:
2106:
2099:
2094:
2086:
2080:
2073:
2068:
2061:
2056:
2049:
2044:
2037:
2032:
2025:
2020:
2013:
2008:
2001:
1996:
1989:
1984:
1977:
1972:
1965:
1960:
1953:
1948:
1941:
1936:
1929:
1924:
1918:, p. 19.
1917:
1912:
1905:
1900:
1893:
1888:
1881:
1876:
1869:
1864:
1857:
1852:
1845:
1840:
1832:
1825:
1821:
1805:
1798:
1771:
1767:
1761:
1757:
1749:
1747:
1742:
1739:30,000 French
1705:
1673:
1647:
1637:
1634:
1629:
1614:
1606:
1598:
1596:
1586:
1578:
1576:
1564:
1559:
1555:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1531:
1523:
1508:
1507:Ypres Salient
1503:
1490:
1488:
1484:
1483:Passchendaele
1480:
1466:
1464:
1463:33rd Division
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1434:
1432:
1427:
1425:
1416:
1412:
1403:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1388:
1387:40th Division
1384:
1380:
1376:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1337:
1335:
1330:
1328:
1324:
1323:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1291:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1223:Channel ports
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1168:
1167:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1118:
1113:
1103:
1098:
1096:
1091:
1089:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1053:
1052:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1019:Meuse-Argonne
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
962:
958:
957:
956:
953:
952:
951:
950:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
933:Passchendaele
931:
929:
926:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
903:
902:
899:
897:
896:
892:
890:
887:
886:
885:
884:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
819:
818:
817:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
795:2nd Champagne
793:
789:
786:
785:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
763:1st Champagne
761:
760:
759:
758:
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749:
747:
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731:
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727:
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717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
684:
683:
682:Great Retreat
680:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
652:
651:
648:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
630:
629:
626:
624:
621:
620:
618:
613:
608:
607:Western Front
600:
595:
593:
588:
586:
581:
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577:
566:
562:
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556:
555:
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547:
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541:
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516:
510:
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498:
488:
486:
476:
475:
473:
468:
467:Arthur Currie
458:
456:
446:
444:
443:King Albert I
434:
432:
422:
420:
410:
408:
398:
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386:
384:
374:
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362:
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331:United States
321:
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294:
291:
279:
276:
261:
258:
243:
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227:
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211:
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180:
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144:
143:
138:
109:
106:to northeast
105:
101:
97:
94:
93:
78:
75:
74:
70:
64:
59:
56:
52:
51:Western Front
47:
42:
37:
33:
19:
4682:
4675:
4663:
4270: /
4202:
4037:Conscription
4001:Cryptography
3938:Iraqi Revolt
3365:Siege of Kut
3308:
2886:participants
2835:German Samoa
2769:South Arabia
2526:. Retrieved
2514:
2486:. Retrieved
2462:. Retrieved
2458:the original
2453:
2441:
2440:
2430:. Retrieved
2411:
2402:
2401:
2384:
2365:
2343:
2324:
2305:
2286:
2260:
2241:
2233:
2232:
2218:Zabecki 2006
2213:
2201:
2189:
2182:Edmonds 1995
2177:
2165:
2153:
2146:Edmonds 1995
2141:
2134:Edmonds 1995
2129:
2122:Edmonds 1995
2117:
2110:Edmonds 1995
2105:
2098:Edmonds 1995
2093:
2079:
2072:Edmonds 1995
2067:
2060:Edmonds 1995
2055:
2048:Edmonds 1995
2043:
2036:Edmonds 1995
2031:
2024:Edmonds 1995
2019:
2007:
2000:Edmonds 1995
1995:
1988:Edmonds 1995
1983:
1976:Edmonds 1995
1971:
1964:Edmonds 1995
1959:
1952:Edmonds 1995
1947:
1940:Edmonds 1995
1935:
1928:Edmonds 1995
1923:
1911:
1904:Edmonds 1995
1899:
1892:Edmonds 1995
1887:
1880:Edmonds 1995
1875:
1868:Edmonds 1995
1863:
1856:Edmonds 1995
1851:
1844:Edmonds 1995
1839:
1824:
1804:
1760:
1743:
1741:casualties.
1706:
1679:casualties,
1674:
1669:and German:
1643:
1627:
1625:
1612:
1602:25–26 April,
1599:
1592:
1584:
1572:
1563:Saint Floris
1537:
1524:
1516:15/16 April,
1512:15/16 April,
1504:
1496:
1475:13–15 April,
1472:
1440:
1428:
1420:
1391:
1372:
1343:
1331:
1322:stosstruppen
1320:
1302:
1272:Belgian Army
1241:
1214:
1210:
1190:
1186:
1184:
1165:
1164:
1140:Belleau Wood
1129:
1123:
1050:
1049:
1009:Saint-Mihiel
977:Belleau Wood
966:
960:
948:
947:
938:La Malmaison
894:
882:
881:
847:Kink Salient
815:
814:
810:Gas: Wieltje
756:
755:
616:
371:Douglas Haig
275:South Africa
240:Newfoundland
173:Belligerents
49:Part of the
36:
4300:Netherlands
4277:Switzerland
4158:Occupations
4149:Spanish flu
3926:(1919–1922)
3920:(1918–1921)
3914:(1918–1923)
3903:(1919–1921)
3897:(1919–1921)
3891:(1919–1920)
3867:(1918–1920)
3861:(1918–1920)
3855:(1918–1920)
3837:(1918–1920)
3819:(1918–1920)
3813:(1917–1921)
3807:(1917–1921)
3754:(1916-1918)
3752:Arab Revolt
3743:(1915–1917)
3737:(1915–1917)
3725:(1914-1917)
3719:(1914–1917)
3713:(1914–1921)
3707:(1913–1920)
3695:(1910–1920)
3689:(1900–1920)
3662: [
3180:July Crisis
3101:(1880–1914)
2764:Mesopotamia
2642:Home fronts
2601:World War I
2306:On Infantry
2170:Tucker 2006
1782:17,000 were
1724:60 aircraft
1717:76,300 men,
1633:Stoßtruppen
1500:11/12 April
1313:Fourth Army
1311:), and the
1268:Armentières
1201:during the
1029:2nd Cambrai
867:Boar's Head
857:Mont Sorrel
548:60 aircraft
395:Henry Horne
257:New Zealand
159:Territorial
132: /
4717:Categories
4517:Agreements
4317:War crimes
4193:Luxembourg
4086:Casualties
2957:Montenegro
2792:South West
2672:Technology
2662:Propaganda
2652:Opposition
2228:References
2012:Becke 2007
1786:6,139 men;
1728:35,000 men
1694:German as
1692:80,000 and
1650:9–30 April
1640:Casualties
1575:Kemmelberg
1544:Langemarck
1487:Yser Canal
1443:Hazebrouck
1305:Sixth Army
1233:Background
842:Wulverghem
805:3rd Artois
783:2nd Artois
751:1st Artois
117:50°42′20″N
87:1918-04-29
83:1918-04-07
4414:Diplomacy
4121:Olympians
4044:Australia
4011:Logistics
3944:Vlora War
3873:(1918–19)
3849:(1918–19)
3843:(1918–19)
3831:(1918–19)
3778:(1916–17)
3760:(1916–17)
3711:Zaian War
3701:(1914–15)
3421:first day
3309:Lusitania
3137:(1912–13)
3131:(1911–12)
3119:(1908–09)
3113:(1905–06)
3095:(1870–71)
2884:Principal
2744:Gallipoli
2647:Memorials
2632:Geography
2622:Aftermath
2528:2 October
2523:823504820
2488:2 October
2483:704513317
2464:2 October
2432:3 October
2417:Routledge
2364:(1983) .
1816:Footnotes
1704:wounded.
1628:Georgette
1617:Aftermath
1540:Houthulst
1528:4:40 a.m.
1520:4:00 a.m.
1375:Festubert
1160:2nd Marne
1135:3rd Aisne
1024:5th Ypres
1004:2nd Somme
982:2nd Marne
972:3rd Aisne
921:The Hills
916:2nd Aisne
877:Fromelles
872:1st Somme
822:The Bluff
788:Hébuterne
778:2nd Ypres
739:1st Ypres
719:1st Aisne
714:1st Marne
687:Le Cateau
665:Charleroi
650:Frontiers
565:Red Baron
208:Australia
120:2°54′00″E
4702:Category
4289:Refugees
4255:Italians
4244:Germans
4204:Ober Ost
3984:Aviation
3078:Timeline
3049:Bulgaria
2830:Tsingtao
2807:Togoland
2754:Caucasus
2689:European
2681:Theatres
2545:CWGC map
2442:Websites
1780:of whom
1720:106 guns
1671:348,300.
1622:Analysis
1479:Bailleul
1447:Merville
1424:Messines
1399:Estaires
1358:Boulogne
1244:Flanders
1199:Flanders
1034:Courtrai
989:Soissons
928:Messines
895:Alberich
704:Maubeuge
660:Ardennes
655:Lorraine
623:Moresnet
545:118 guns
518:Strength
305:Portugal
151:Analysis
100:Flanders
95:Location
85: –
4440:Germany
4340:Germany
4268:Germany
4188:Belgium
4173:Albania
4132:Disease
4112:Sports
4064:Ireland
3977:Warfare
3970:Aspects
3158:Origins
3151:Prelude
3054:Senussi
3034:Germany
3029:Leaders
2967:Romania
2908:Belgium
2903:Leaders
2802:Kamerun
2784:African
2719:Romania
2697:Balkans
2612:Outline
1626:During
1354:Dunkirk
1294:Prelude
1286:(under
1278:(under
1256:Béthune
1252:Belgium
1124:Michael
999:Ailette
967:The Lys
961:Michael
943:Cambrai
837:Hulluch
832:St Eloi
724:Antwerp
523:Unknown
348:Germany
318:Belgium
161:changes
153:section
104:Belgium
81: (
53:of the
4460:Russia
4435:France
4263:Canada
4178:Serbia
4049:Canada
4006:Horses
3958:(1921)
3952:(1920)
3946:(1920)
3940:(1920)
3932:(1920)
3885:(1919)
3879:(1919)
3825:(1918)
3790:(1918)
3784:(1917)
3772:(1916)
3766:(1916)
3731:(1915)
3143:(1913)
3125:(1911)
3107:(1905)
3064:Darfur
2989:Serbia
2972:Russia
2935:Greece
2923:France
2913:Brazil
2759:Persia
2702:Serbia
2521:
2481:
2423:
2403:Theses
2391:
2372:
2350:
2331:
2312:
2293:
2271:
2248:
1667:92,004
1364:Battle
1350:Calais
1280:Plumer
1260:France
1039:Sambre
994:Amiens
862:Verdun
692:Étreux
638:Dinant
560:
542:
345:
328:
302:
290:France
287:
272:
254:
237:
224:Canada
221:
205:
188:
145:Result
108:France
4657:Other
4450:Japan
4445:Italy
4272:camps
4116:Rugby
3666:]
2945:Japan
2940:Italy
2918:China
2812:North
2511:(PDF)
2234:Books
1752:Notes
1600:From
1473:From
1288:Horne
1248:Ypres
1219:Ypres
1155:Hamel
906:Arras
889:Ancre
643:Namur
633:Liège
4237:POWs
3556:1918
3458:1917
3384:1916
3285:1915
3189:1914
2994:Siam
2797:East
2530:2013
2519:OCLC
2490:2013
2479:OCLC
2466:2013
2434:2013
2421:ISBN
2389:ISBN
2370:ISBN
2348:ISBN
2329:ISBN
2310:ISBN
2291:ISBN
2269:ISBN
2265:HMSO
2246:ISBN
1737:and
1722:and
1686:and
1573:The
1548:58th
1431:Haig
1356:and
1185:The
949:1918
911:Vimy
883:1917
816:1916
800:Loos
757:1915
734:Yser
670:Mons
617:1914
149:See
76:Date
1652:as
1264:Lys
1258:in
1250:in
1209:as
1197:in
1130:Lys
4719::
3664:It
2515:MA
2513:.
2452:.
2419:.
2267:.
1790:c.
1775:c.
1696:c.
1661:c.
1654:c.
1426:.
1360:.
1352:,
1329:.
102:,
4088:/
2593:e
2586:t
2579:v
2532:.
2492:.
2468:.
2436:.
2397:.
2378:.
2356:.
2337:.
2318:.
2299:.
2277:.
2254:.
1101:e
1094:t
1087:v
598:e
591:t
584:v
89:)
34:.
20:)
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