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1961:, one of the main Rinzai temples in Japan, where he served for a short time, while Takujū Kosen was appointed as head abbott of Myoshin-ji in 1813. All contemporary Japanese Rinzai-lineages, and their methods and styles of koan-study, stem from these two teachers, though at the end of the Tokugawa-periond his line was at the brink of extinction.
1905:-practice and his orientation towards common people, became the hero of a revigorized tradition of koan-study and an outreach to a lay-audience, and most Rinzai lineages claim descent from him, though his engagement with formal Rinzai-institution was minimal. When he was installed as head priest of Shōin-ji in 1718, he had the title of
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A number of Rinzai lines have been transplanted from Japan to Europe, the
Americas, and Australia, and non-Japanese practitioners have been certified as teachers and successors of those lineages. Rinzai temples, as well as practice groups led by lay practitioners, may now be found in many nations.
2526:
These head temples preside over various networks, comprising a total of approximately six thousand temples, forty monasteries, and one nunnery. The Myōshin-ji branch is by far the largest, approximately as big as the other branches combined: it contains within it about three thousand five hundred
1956:
from Rinzai teacher Gessen Zen'e, who had received dharma transmission from
Kogetsu Zenzai. Gasan is often considered to be a dharma heir of Hakuin, despite the fact that "he did not belong to the close circle of disciples and was probably not even one of Hakuin's dharma heirs." Gasan's students
2028:
2523:, 1202–1280). These branches are purely organizational divisions arising from temple history and teacher-student lineage, and do not represent sectarian divides or fundamental differences in practice. There are nevertheless small differences in the way kōans are handled.
2138:
1764:. A second tier of the system consisted of Ten Temples. This system was extended throughout Japan, effectively giving control to the central government, which administered this system. The monks, often well educated and skilled, were employed by the
1918:
Hakuin considered himself to be an heir of Shōju Rōnin (Dokyō Etan, 1642–1721), but never received formal dharma transmission from him. Nevertheless, through Hakuin, all contemporary
Japanese Rinzai-lineages are considered part of the
1873:
Not all Rinzai Zen organisations were under such strict state control. The Rinka monasteries, which were primarily located in rural areas rather than cities, had a greater degree of independence. The Ōtōkan lineage, which centered on
2852:
Remarkable results of the early relationship between Rinzai Zen and the ruling classes were a strong Rinzai influence on education and government, and Rinzai contributions to a great flowering of
Japanese cultural arts such as
2799:, the Ōbaku headquarters temple, is considered one of the 15 Rinzai branches mentioned above, Ōbaku Zen is administratively separate from the other 14 branches and continues to maintain its own distinct identity.
2482:
Rinzai Zen in Japan today is not a single organized body. Rather, it is divided into 15 branches (or 16, if Ōbaku is included), referred to by the names of their head temples, of which half are based in
1913:
It was the minimum rank required by government regulation for those installed as temple priests and seems to have been little more than a matter of paying a fee and registering Hakuin as the incumbent of
1957:
Inzan Ien (1751–1814), who also studied with Gessen Zen'e, and Takujū Kosen (1760–1833) created a systematized way of koan-study, with fixed questions and answers. In 1808 Inzan Ien became abbott of
2332:
In general, the Rinzai school is known for the rigor and severity of its training methods. The Rinzai style may be characterized as somewhat martial or sharp (following in the spirit of
437:
2836:(properly written Ichiba Yakushi Kyōdan 一畑薬師教団) is today generally considered an independent school of Buddhism, though it was previously associated with Myōshin-ji (and before that
1977:
became the state religion, and
Buddhism adapted to the new regime. Within the Buddhist establishment the Western world was seen as a threat, but also as a challenge to stand up to.
2791:Ōbaku is also descended from the Chinese Linji school, and so technically may be considered a part of the Japanese Rinzai movement; further, its abbots are now part of the same
2195:, a private interview between student and master and various methods of "direct pointing" that are used by Rinzai masters to guide the student to the experience of kensho.
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school. This reflects the syncretistic tendencies that developed in
Chinese Buddhism in the centuries after the earlier Rinzai lines had been transmitted to Japan.
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2512:
1725:
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1984:, initially as a seminary for those entering the priesthood. Hanazono University has grown to become the major Rinzai higher education institution in Japan.
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2840:), and may still be considered part of Rinzai, though its practices and beliefs have little in common with Rinzai. It places great importance in faith in
2296:) or poetry citations that are memorized by students as answers. A student's understanding of a kōan is presented to the teacher in a private interview (
2881:. A perhaps unanticipated result is that Soto Zen temples, with their connection and appeal to commoners, eventually came to outnumber Rinzai temples.
1729:
2114:) offers a comprehensive overview of Hakuin's Zen and is a major source for Rinzai Zen practice. A more modern overview of Japanese Rinzai praxis is
467:
403:
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By the 18th century, the Rinzai school was challenged by the newly-imported Obaku-lineage, and by the waning of support from the ruling elites.
1878:, also had a greater degree of freedom. It was founded by Nanpo Shōmyō, Shūhō Myōchō, and Kanzan Egen. A well-known teacher from Daitoku-ji was
423:
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Though there were several attempts to establish Rinzai lines in Japan, it first took root in a lasting way through the efforts of the monk
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2267:("just sitting") is less emphasized in Rinzai, but still used. This contrasts with Sōtō practice, which has de-emphasized kōans since
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The student's relationship with a Zen teacher is another central element of Rinzai Zen practice. This includes the formal practice of
2374:, which has been called more gentle and even rustic in spirit. A Japanese saying reflects these perceptions: "Rinzai for the
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rose to power. Along with early imperial support, Rinzai came to enjoy the patronage of this newly ascendant warrior class.
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1937:, was a major student of Hakuin and an influential author, painter and calligrapher. He is the author of the influential
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lineage as Rinzai branches, though they were not so originally (instead following a more recent
Chinese lineage). While
447:
3577:
Hakuin. In
Buddhist Spirituality: Later China, Korea, Japan, and the Modern World, edited by Yoshinori Takeuchi et al.
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The
International Research Institute for Zen Buddhism, at Hanazono University (the Rinzai University) in Kyoto, Japan
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system was fully worked out. The final version contained five temples of both Kyoto and
Kamakura, presided over by
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1952:(1727–1797) Hakuin's approach became a focal point in Japanese Rinzai Zen. Before meeting Hakuin, Gasan received
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Official site of The Joint Council for Japanese Rinzai and Obaku Zen (both Japanese and English language)
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1973:(1868–1912), after a coup in 1868, Japan abandoned its feudal system and opened up to Western modernism.
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3327:
Mann, Jeffrey, When Buddhists Attack: The Curious Relationship Between Zen and the Martial Arts, p. 61.
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1718:, the Rinzai school was the most successful of the Zen schools in Japan because it was favoured by the
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The Rinzai school also adopted certain Taoist energy cultivation practices. They were introduced by
2370:). In this regard, Rinzai is often contrasted with another sect of Zen deeply established in Japan,
2286:, which must be studied and "passed" in sequence. This process may include standardized questions (
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1513:
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575:
172:
135:
3393:
Nishibe Bunjo, "Zen priests and Their Concepts of Tea," p. 13, in Chanoyu Quarterly no. 13 (1976).
2164:). The text states: "Direct pointing at the mind of man, seeing one's nature and becoming Buddha."
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1724:. The school may be said to have truly flowered and achieved a distinctly Japanese identity with
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Zen sect. It was brought to Japan in the 17th century, and shows significant influence from the
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2057:) and shastras (treatises) of the Indian masters. Rinzai also closely follows the works of the
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Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 42/2:319-338. Nanzan Institute for Religion and Culture.
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Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 42/2:319-338. Nanzan Institute for Religion and Culture.
2389:(1686–1769) who learned them from a hermit named Hakuyu. These energetic practices are called
2129:
1992:
Modern Rinzai Zen is made up of 15 sects or branches, the largest being the Myoshin-ji line.
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510:
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in the 19th century and no longer exists. Its influence on the development of music for the
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2413:
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540:
2310:) and the teacher's job is to guide the student to kensho, in part by judging the student's
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practice (such as using the mantric syllable Ah) are used in zazen. Other practices include
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A final Japanese Zen sect that self-identified as descending from the Linji school was the
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292:
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Takuan Soho, The Unfettered Mind: Writings from a Zen Master to a Master Swordsman, p. xv.
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8:
3613:
Zen Masters. A Maverick, a Master of Masters, and a Wandering Poet. Ikkyu, Hakuin, Ryokan
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2145:
1981:
1953:
883:
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1736:(1275–1351), two influential Japanese Zen masters who did not travel to China to study.
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for twenty years. In 1187, he went to China again, and returned to Japan to establish a
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2000:
951:
888:
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The Inexhaustible Lamp of Faith: Faith and Awakening in the Japanese Rinzai Tradition.
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The Inexhaustible Lamp of Faith: Faith and Awakening in the Japanese Rinzai Tradition.
1964:
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is said to have popularized green tea in Japan and the famed master of Japanese tea,
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lineage, the most influential and only surviving branch of the Rinzai school of Zen.
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Stephen Addiss, John Daido Loori, The Zen Art Book: The Art of Enlightenment, p. 15.
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Aside from Rinzai and Sōtō, there is a third tradition of Zen present in Japan, the
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3867:(100 Selected Historic Sites of Kamigyō ward, Ward Citizen's Pride Trees/Kōshō-ji,
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3218:Ōmori, Sōgen; Leggett, Trevor; Hosokawa, Dōgen; Yoshimoto, Roy Kenichi (2001).
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This article is about a Zen school in Japan. For the same school in China, see
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2202:(seated meditation). Practices such as different forms of breath meditation (
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spiritual training that actualizes awakening for the benefit of all beings.
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1695:(1235–1308), who also studied Linji teachings in China, founded the Japanese
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1593:(1686–1769), who is a major figure in the revival of the Rinzai tradition.
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3579:, New York: A Herder & Herder Book, The Crossroad Publishing Company,
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Bodiford, William M. (2006). Koan practice. In: "Sitting with Koans". Ed.
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3604:
The Buddhist handbook. A Complete Guide to Buddhist Teaching and Practice
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1585:(1141 –1215). Contemporary Japanese Rinzai is derived entirely from the
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1093:
2862:
2816:
2796:
2716:
2584:
2578:
2508:
2350:) within a Zen framework. One influential figure was the Rinzai priest
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introspection and training. This includes a standardized curriculum of
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1958:
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Kōans are a common object of meditation when engaged in formal zazen.
1507:
1504:
1501:
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3304:
The Zen Master in America: Dressing the Donkey with Bells and Scarves
3220:
An introduction to Zen training : a translation of Sanzen nyumon
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2708:
2680:
2568:
2562:
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Important Japanese sources of the Rinzai school include the works of
2073:(1089–1163) and various traditional records of that school, like the
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They are mainly based on focusing the mind and one's vital energy (
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1965:
Meiji Restoration (1868–1912) and Imperial Expansionism (1912–1945)
1855:
1399:
1211:
860:
254:
187:
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2487:(8, plus Ōbaku). The largest and most influential of these is the
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1879:
1750:
In the beginning of the Muromachi period, the Five Mountain System
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in the 13th century, some Rinzai figures have even developed the
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temple, Hawaii. Toyoda was a Rinzai Zen teacher and a master of
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781:
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2844:(Medicine Buddha), and is known as a destination for healing.
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Contemporary Japanese Rinzai Zen is marked by its emphasis on
2137:
1892:
1601:
3217:
3171:. In: Buddhist Spirituality II: Later China, Korea, and Japan
2484:
2447:
2432:
are also often used as methods of Zen cultivation in Rinzai.
2318:
2199:
2174:(見性, "seeing one's/ self nature" or "to see clearly into the
2156:
2027:
1945:), which presents a comprehensive system of Rinzai training.
1709:
1635:
1614:
1578:
1553:(Romaji: Rinzai Gigen, died 866 CE) is one of three sects of
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1256:
1216:
1206:
1201:
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1038:
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3373:"Wild Ivy: The Spiritual Autobiography of Zen Master Hakuin"
3105:
The Undying Lamp of Zen: The Testament of Zen Master Torei,
2329:(walking meditation), and throughout all daily activities.
1902:
1221:
323:
3641:
Wild Ivy: The Spiritual Autobiography of Zen Master Hakuin
3496:
Japanese Rinzai Zen Buddhism: Myōshinji, a Living Religion
3063:
The Discourse on the Inexhaustible Lamp of the Zen School,
3794:
3402:
3033:
3031:
2942:
2911:
1927:, who received his dharma transmission in China in 1265.
1639:
1554:
98:
73:
3887:
3137:
3125:
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The Rinzai school developed its own formalized style of
3043:
2395:
3516:, New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
3028:
2041:
Buddhist tradition that draws from the various Indian
1885:
Another Rinka lineage was the Hotto lineage, of which
1518:
3733:
3731:
3149:
2133:
Zazen meditation at the European Center of Rinzai Zen
3186:
2888:
3789:
3787:
3174:
2061:tradition, particularly that of the masters of the
3728:
3523:Zen Buddhism: A History. Volume 1: India and China
2755:of Eido Shimano, Egmund Sommer (Denko Mortensen).
2747:Roshi in Seattle, Washington. In Europe there is
2495:(1277–1360). Other major branches include
2491:branch, whose head temple was founded in 1342 by
2271:(circa 1800), and instead emphasizes shikantaza.
3899:
3784:
2535:The 15 branches of Rinzai, by head temple, are:
2120:Sanzen Nyumon (An Introduction to Zen Training).
30:"Rinzai" redirects here. For Master Rinzai, see
3473:
3347:Hakuin's Precious Mirror Cave: A Zen Miscellany
3119:
2758:
2354:who was well known for his writings on Zen and
1995:Some influential modern Rinzai figures include
1753:
1746:Five Mountain System § The system in Japan
1620:of Chan Buddhism, which was founded during the
2603:(sect founded 1337, temple founded in 1342 by
2457:
2182:. Rinzai also stresses the importance of post-
2160:Painting and Calligraphy by Hakuin (depicting
1688:
1657:
3624:(Second ed.). Rowman & Littlefield.
3474:Besserman, Perle; Steger, Manfred B. (2011),
3403:Houn-an Dharma Cloud Inc. (27 October 2011).
3293:. Somerville, MA: Wisdom Publications, p. 94.
1472:
973:
2641:(1397, affiliated with Tenryū-ji until 1905)
2442:(ink and wash) paintings as well as for his
2258:is also a major element of Rinzai practice.
3711:"Rinzai–Obaku Zen – What is Zen? – History"
3318:, pp. 36-37. Boston & London: Shambhala
2336:). Since the adoption of Rinzai Zen by the
2124:
1893:Tokugawa (1600–1868) - Hakuin and his heirs
1702:Rinzai Zen was established in Japan as the
3767:"What is Zen?: What is the Rinzai School?"
3316:Hakuin on Kensho. The Four Ways of Knowing
2959:
2957:
2822:
2530:
1987:
1710:Muromachi (or Ashikaga) period (1336–1573)
1479:
1465:
980:
966:
3538:
3143:
3131:
3022:
3010:
2998:
2986:
2974:
2948:
2819:(bamboo flute), however, has been great.
2454:(1522–1591), was also trained in Rinzai.
1980:A Rinzai university was founded in 1872,
3619:
3601:
3541:Zen Buddhism: A History. Volume 2: Japan
3192:
2963:
2656:
2471:
2461:
2290:) and common sets of "capping phrases" (
2155:
2136:
2128:
2026:
1901:(1686–1769), with his vigorous zeal for
1645:
1630:
1600:
3638:
3610:
3595:The Rinzai Zen Way: A Guide to Practice
3556:
3360:"Practical Zen: Meditation and Beyond,"
3180:
3155:
3037:
2954:
2811:sect; Fuke Zen was suppressed with the
2316:. Kōan-inquiry may be practiced during
1739:
14:
3900:
2679:North American Rinzai centers include
3446:from the original on 18 December 2021
3415:from the original on 18 December 2021
3249:
3247:
3073:
3071:
2847:
2378:, Sōtō for the peasants" (臨済将軍、曹洞土民,
1923:lineage, brought to Japan in 1267 by
3574:
3345:Waddell, Norman (ed. & trans.),
3049:
1868:
1768:for the governing of state affairs.
1670:traveled to China, where he studied
3703:
3477:Zen Radicals, Rebels, and Reformers
3433:
2405:(a spot slightly below the navel).
2022:
1613:Rinzai is the Japanese line of the
24:
3244:
3097:
3068:
2527:temples and nineteen monasteries.
2238:(a meditative meal practice), and
2198:Formal Rinzai training focuses on
1933:(1721–1792), who had studied with
1638:, founder of the Rinzai school of
25:
3919:
3881:
2652:
899:Zen organisation and institutions
463:Anthology of the Patriarchal Hall
3559:The Making of Buddhist Modernism
3375:, p. 150. Shambhala Publications
3107:Shambhala Publications, p. viii.
3094:Shambhala Publications, p. 150.
2891:
1007:
438:Two Entrances and Four Practices
82:
47:
3851:
3837:
3826:from the original on 2015-03-12
3812:
3801:from the original on 2012-07-08
3773:from the original on 2012-02-07
3759:
3745:
3717:from the original on 2017-10-08
3692:from the original on 2012-03-28
3674:
3620:Victoria, Brian Daizen (2006).
3427:
3396:
3387:
3378:
3365:
3352:
3339:
3330:
3321:
3308:
3296:
3283:
3274:
3265:
3256:
3211:
3198:
3161:
3084:
3055:
2178:") as the gateway to authentic
27:School of Japanese Zen Buddhism
3498:, Leiden & Boston: Brill,
3358:Julian Daizan Skinner (2017),
3016:
3004:
2992:
2980:
2968:
2933:
1545:
1536:
1528:
453:Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment
13:
1:
3754:卓洲胡僊 Takujū Kosen (1760–1833)
3222:. Boston, Mass.: Tuttle Pub.
2927:
1678:, which is known in Japan as
1676:Linji school of Chan Buddhism
1453:Glossary of Japanese Buddhism
211:Hakuin's Four ways of knowing
3606:, London: Century Paperbacks
3539:Dumoulin, Heinrich (2005b),
3521:Dumoulin, Heinrich (2005a),
3480:, Wisdom Publications Inc.,
2759:Related Japanese Zen schools
1589:lineage transmitted through
670:Yunmen Wenyan (Ummon Bun'en)
7:
3688:. Patheos.com. 2009-02-04.
3684:Teaching Credentials in Zen
3561:, Oxford University Press,
3512:Dumoulin, Heinrich (2000),
3362:pp. 203–204. Singing Dragon
3120:Besserman & Steger 2011
3061:Tōrei, Taibi Shaku (1996),
2884:
2458:Contemporary Rinzai schools
1889:is the best-known teacher.
1754:
1658:Kamakura period (1185–1333)
1519:
250:Doctrinal background of Zen
10:
3924:
3740:隱山惟琰 Inzan Ien (1751–1814)
3557:McMahan, David L. (2008),
3461:
3280:Moore (2018), pp. 126-132.
3271:Moore (2018), pp. 106-120.
3065:C.E. Tuttle Company, p. 5.
2917:Ōbaku (school of Buddhism)
2826:
2773:
2762:
2697:Dai Bosatsu Zendo Kongo-ji
2662:Dai Bosatsu Zendo Kongo-ji
2436:is famously known for his
1743:
1628:(Japanese: Rinzai Gigen).
1596:
36:
29:
3643:, Boston, MA: Shambhala,
3514:A History of Zen Buddhism
3262:Moore (2018), pp. 145-150
3204:Joskovich, Erez Hekigan.
3077:Joskovich, Erez Hekigan.
2380:Rinzai Shōgun, Sōtō Domin
2242:(physical work done with
2015:(福島 慶道, 1933 – 2011) and
1689:
1609:(Japanese: Rinzai Gigen).
1577:was first transmitted to
1500:
650:Dongshan Liangjie (Tozan)
3639:Waddell, Norman (2010),
3615:, Kodansha International
3597:, Shambhala Publications
3436:"Curriculum and Lineage"
2769:
2125:Japanese Rinzai practice
2076:Transmission of the Lamp
2019:(鈴木 大拙 貞太郎, 1870–1966).
1948:Through Torei's student
576:Ordinary Mind Zen School
468:Transmission of the Lamp
173:Turning the light around
136:Zen in the United States
3858:上京区の史蹟百選，区民誇りの木／興聖寺，ケヤキ
3657:Williams, Paul (1994),
3602:Snelling, John (1987),
3253:Moore (2018), pp. 9-10.
3103:Cleary, Thomas (2010).
3090:Cleary, Thomas (2012),
2834:Ichibata Yakushi Kyodan
2829:Ichibata Yakushi Kyodan
2823:Ichibata Yakushi Kyodan
2802:
2531:Japanese Rinzai schools
2214:, breath cultivation),
2208:diaphragmatic breathing
1988:Post-war (1945–present)
1939:The Undying Lamp of Zen
894:Zen ranks and hierarchy
867:Category: Zen Buddhists
201:Ten Ox-Herding Pictures
3611:Stevens, John (1999),
3543:, World Wisdom Books,
3525:, World Wisdom Books,
3302:Lachs, Stuart (2006),
2939:Moore (2018), p. xiii.
2672:
2479:
2469:
2165:
2153:
2134:
2034:
1916:
1654:
1643:
1642:in Japan, 12th century
1610:
1104:Japanese new religions
526:Plum Village Tradition
486:East Mountain Teaching
448:The Awakening of Faith
344:Prostration (Buddhism)
163:Original enlightenment
3593:Moore, Meido (2018),
3575:Mohr, Michel (1999),
3371:Hakuin Ekaku (2010),
2695:Roshi in California,
2689:Pacific Zen Institute
2660:
2475:
2465:
2159:
2140:
2132:
2030:
1911:
1649:
1634:
1605:Japanese painting of
1604:
680:Dahui Zonggao (Tahui)
660:Linji Yixuan (Rinzai)
655:Xuefeng Yicun (Seppo)
640:Shitou Xiqian (Kisen)
541:Kwan Um School of Zen
424:Mahaparinirvana Sutra
394:Prajñaparamita sutras
388:Indian Mahayana texts
3682:"James Ford (2009),
3494:Borup, Jørn (2008),
3314:Low, Albert (2006),
2322:(sitting meditation)
2011:(西村 惠信; born 1933),
2003:(盛永 宗興, 1925–1995),
1999:(大森 曹玄, 1904–1994),
1740:Five Mountain System
293:Bodhisattva Precepts
3052:, pp. 311–312.
2707:Roshi in New York,
2685:Kyozan Joshu Sasaki
2367:The Unfettered Mind
2108:Undying Lamp of Zen
2090:the Record of Linji
1982:Hanazono University
1954:Dharma transmission
1773:
1533:traditional Chinese
995:Part of a series on
884:Dharma transmission
531:Order of Interbeing
511:Five Houses of Chán
255:Representation-only
206:Five ranks of Tozan
3863:2018-12-09 at the
3822:. Zen.rinnou.net.
3797:. Zen.rinnou.net.
3795:"Rinzai–Obaku Zen"
3769:. Zen.rinnou.net.
3713:. Zen.rinnou.net.
2848:Cultural influence
2739:Roshi's line, and
2673:
2666:Catskill Mountains
2613:(1339, founded by
2587:(1315, founded by
2571:(1291, founded by
2549:(1236, founded by
2480:
2470:
2228:walking meditation
2166:
2154:
2135:
2112:Shūmon mujintō ron
2035:
1943:Shūmon mujintō ron
1771:
1655:
1644:
1611:
1525:simplified Chinese
952:Pure Land Buddhism
889:Zen lineage charts
313:Walking meditation
3659:Mahayana Buddhism
3550:978-0-941532-90-7
3532:978-0-941532-89-1
3409:Charles River Zen
2951:, pp. 14–15.
2813:Meiji Restoration
2751:established by a
2713:Omori Sogen Roshi
2664:, located in the
2503:(both founded by
2408:Certain Japanese
2360:addressed to the
2180:Buddhist practice
1869:Rinka-monasteries
1866:
1865:
1787:
1782:
1682:. Decades later,
1559:Japanese Buddhism
1517:
1489:
1488:
1001:Buddhism in Japan
990:
989:
694:Zhongfeng Mingben
635:Mazu Daoyi (Baso)
571:White Plum Asanga
414:Vimalakirti Sutra
404:Śrīmālādevī Sūtra
399:Lankavatara Sutra
228:Bodhisattva ideal
16:(Redirected from
3915:
3875:
3874:
3855:
3849:
3848:
3841:
3835:
3834:
3832:
3831:
3816:
3810:
3809:
3807:
3806:
3791:
3782:
3781:
3779:
3778:
3763:
3757:
3749:
3743:
3735:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3722:
3707:
3701:
3700:
3698:
3697:
3678:
3662:
3653:
3635:
3616:
3607:
3598:
3589:
3571:
3553:
3535:
3517:
3508:
3490:
3456:
3455:
3453:
3451:
3431:
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3424:
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3400:
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3376:
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3356:
3350:
3343:
3337:
3334:
3328:
3325:
3319:
3312:
3306:
3300:
3294:
3291:John Daido Loori
3287:
3281:
3278:
3272:
3269:
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3260:
3254:
3251:
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3215:
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3088:
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3075:
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3020:
3014:
3008:
3002:
2996:
2990:
2984:
2978:
2972:
2966:
2961:
2952:
2946:
2940:
2937:
2901:
2896:
2895:
2745:Genki Takabayshi
2731:both founded by
2670:upstate New York
2102:and his student
2023:Literary Sources
1909:, "First Monk":
1785:
1780:
1774:
1770:
1759:
1757:
1716:Muromachi period
1694:
1692:
1691:
1547:
1538:
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1522:
1512:
1510:
1481:
1474:
1467:
1435:Haibutsu kishaku
1011:
992:
991:
982:
975:
968:
793:Thiền in Vietnam
675:Yongming Yanshou
419:Avatamsaka Sutra
188:Sudden awakening
86:
76:
68:
64:
58:
51:
44:
43:
21:
3923:
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3917:
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3914:
3913:
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3898:
3897:
3884:
3879:
3878:
3872:
3865:Wayback Machine
3856:
3852:
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3592:
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3569:
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3533:
3520:
3511:
3506:
3493:
3488:
3467:Printed sources
3464:
3459:
3449:
3447:
3434:Tarrant, John.
3432:
3428:
3418:
3416:
3401:
3397:
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3118:
3111:
3102:
3098:
3092:The Zen Reader,
3089:
3085:
3076:
3069:
3060:
3056:
3048:
3044:
3040:, p. xxix.
3036:
3029:
3021:
3017:
3009:
3005:
2997:
2993:
2985:
2981:
2973:
2969:
2962:
2955:
2947:
2943:
2938:
2934:
2930:
2899:Religion portal
2897:
2890:
2887:
2871:Japanese garden
2850:
2831:
2825:
2805:
2778:
2772:
2767:
2761:
2699:established by
2655:
2650:
2533:
2460:
2252:Buddhist sutras
2218:introspection,
2204:breath counting
2127:
2043:Mahayana sutras
2025:
2013:Keidō Fukushima
2009:Eshin Nishimura
1990:
1967:
1895:
1871:
1751:
1748:
1742:
1732:1283–1337) and
1712:
1686:
1660:
1599:
1549:), named after
1485:
1445:
1444:
1430:Shinbutsu bunri
1355:Shinbutsu-shūgō
1315:
1307:
1306:
1282:Murakami Senshō
1262:Hasegawa Tōhaku
1122:
1114:
1113:
1019:
986:
957:
956:
917:
916:Related schools
909:
908:
879:
871:
870:
836:Hakuun Yasutani
814:Thích Nhất Hạnh
599:
594:
586:
585:
581:Zen Peacemakers
506:Hongzhou school
481:
473:
472:
443:Śūraṅgama Sūtra
384:
374:
373:
369:Zen calligraphy
288:Bodhisattva vow
283:Six Perfections
273:
265:
264:
196:
154:
149:
141:
140:
94:
74:
66:
60:
56:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3921:
3911:
3910:
3896:
3895:
3890:
3883:
3882:External links
3880:
3877:
3876:
3850:
3836:
3820:"Head Temples"
3811:
3783:
3758:
3744:
3727:
3702:
3672:
3671:
3670:
3669:
3668:Web-sources===
3664:
3663:
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3649:
3636:
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3585:
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3509:
3504:
3491:
3486:
3470:
3469:
3468:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3457:
3440:pacificzen.org
3426:
3395:
3386:
3377:
3364:
3351:
3349:, 2009, p. 83.
3338:
3329:
3320:
3307:
3295:
3282:
3273:
3264:
3255:
3243:
3228:
3210:
3197:
3185:
3173:
3167:Michael Mohr,
3160:
3148:
3146:, p. 392.
3144:Dumoulin 2005b
3136:
3134:, p. 391.
3132:Dumoulin 2005b
3124:
3122:, p. 142.
3109:
3096:
3083:
3067:
3054:
3042:
3027:
3023:Dumoulin 2005b
3015:
3011:Dumoulin 2005b
3003:
2999:Dumoulin 2005b
2991:
2987:Dumoulin 2005b
2979:
2975:Dumoulin 2005b
2967:
2953:
2949:Dumoulin 2005b
2941:
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2926:
2925:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2903:
2902:
2886:
2883:
2849:
2846:
2827:Main article:
2824:
2821:
2804:
2801:
2774:Main article:
2771:
2768:
2760:
2757:
2749:Havredal Zendo
2687:Roshi and the
2654:
2653:Western Rinzai
2651:
2649:
2648:
2642:
2636:
2630:
2624:
2618:
2608:
2598:
2592:
2582:
2576:
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2560:
2554:
2544:
2537:
2532:
2529:
2459:
2456:
2126:
2123:
2024:
2021:
1989:
1986:
1966:
1963:
1935:Kogetsu Zenzai
1894:
1891:
1887:Bassui Tokushō
1870:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1849:
1848:
1843:
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1819:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1804:
1803:
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1793:
1789:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1744:Main article:
1741:
1738:
1711:
1708:
1659:
1656:
1598:
1595:
1569:. The Chinese
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1486:
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1483:
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1309:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1302:Suzuki Shunryū
1299:
1294:
1289:
1287:Nishida Kitarō
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910:
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904:Zen Narratives
901:
896:
891:
886:
880:
877:
876:
873:
872:
864:
863:
858:
853:
848:
846:Shunryū Suzuki
843:
841:Taizan Maezumi
838:
833:
822:
821:
819:Thích Thiên-Ân
816:
811:
809:Thích Thanh Từ
806:
804:Trần Nhân Tông
801:
799:Trần Thái Tông
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779:
774:
763:
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699:Hanshan Deqing
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687:Post-classical
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458:Platform Sutra
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349:Buddhist chant
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245:Zen and Sutras
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26:
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3:
2:
3920:
3909:
3908:Rinzai school
3906:
3905:
3903:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3885:
3873:(in Japanese)
3870:
3866:
3862:
3859:
3854:
3847:(in Japanese)
3845:
3840:
3825:
3821:
3815:
3800:
3796:
3790:
3788:
3772:
3768:
3762:
3756:
3755:
3751:terebess.hu,
3748:
3742:
3741:
3737:terebess.hu,
3734:
3732:
3716:
3712:
3706:
3691:
3687:
3685:
3677:
3673:
3667:
3666:
3660:
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3650:9781590308097
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3642:
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3631:9781461647478
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3591:
3588:
3582:
3578:
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3570:
3568:9780195183276
3564:
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3555:
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3537:
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3528:
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3519:
3515:
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3507:
3505:9789004165571
3501:
3497:
3492:
3489:
3487:9780861716913
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3471:
3466:
3465:
3445:
3441:
3437:
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3414:
3410:
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3390:
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3355:
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3333:
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3299:
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3277:
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3248:
3239:
3235:
3231:
3229:0-8048-3247-1
3225:
3221:
3214:
3207:
3201:
3194:
3193:Victoria 2006
3189:
3182:
3177:
3170:
3164:
3158:, p. 90.
3157:
3152:
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3133:
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3093:
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3034:
3032:
3024:
3019:
3012:
3007:
3000:
2995:
2988:
2983:
2976:
2971:
2965:
2964:Snelling 1987
2960:
2958:
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2269:Gentō Sokuchū
2266:
2265:
2259:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2246:). Chanting (
2245:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2196:
2194:
2193:
2187:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2176:buddha-nature
2173:
2172:
2163:
2158:
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2147:
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2139:
2131:
2122:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2096:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2086:Rinzai-goroku
2083:
2079:
2077:
2072:
2071:Dahui Zonggao
2069:(d. 866) and
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2055:
2050:
2049:
2048:Diamond Sutra
2044:
2040:
2033:
2029:
2020:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2002:
2001:Sōkō Morinaga
1998:
1993:
1985:
1983:
1978:
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1962:
1960:
1955:
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1799:
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1784:
1779:
1776:
1775:
1772:Gozan system
1769:
1767:
1763:
1756:
1747:
1737:
1735:
1731:
1730:Daitō Kokushi
1727:
1723:
1722:
1717:
1707:
1705:
1700:
1698:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1653:self portrait
1652:
1648:
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1623:
1619:
1616:
1608:
1603:
1594:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1575:Chan Buddhism
1572:
1568:
1564:
1561:, along with
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1542:
1534:
1526:
1521:
1515:
1509:
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1498:
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1493:Rinzai school
1482:
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1468:
1463:
1462:
1460:
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1451:
1450:
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1440:Gozan Bungaku
1438:
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1350:Honji suijaku
1348:
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1227:Issan Ichinei
1225:
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1128:
1125:
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1110:
1109:Zen in the US
1107:
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795:
794:
788:
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783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
769:
768:
767:
766:Seon in Korea
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
732:
731:
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628:
626:
625:Huineng (Enō)
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
607:
606:
605:
604:
598:
597:Chán in China
590:
589:
582:
579:
577:
574:
572:
569:
567:
564:
562:
559:
557:
554:
552:
551:Rinzai school
549:
547:
544:
542:
539:
537:
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
514:
512:
509:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
496:Oxhead school
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
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477:
476:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
435:
434:
433:
432:
431:Chinese texts
425:
422:
420:
417:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
402:
400:
397:
395:
392:
391:
390:
389:
383:
382:Zen scripture
378:
377:
370:
367:
365:
362:
360:
357:
355:
354:Dharma combat
352:
350:
347:
345:
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176:
174:
171:
169:
168:Buddha-nature
166:
164:
161:
159:
156:
155:
153:
152:The "essence"
145:
144:
137:
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132:
131:
126:
124:
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118:
116:
115:
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108:
107:
102:
100:
97:
96:
93:Main articles
90:
89:
85:
81:
80:
77:
72:
71:
65:
63:
55:
54:
50:
46:
45:
40:
33:
19:
3853:
3839:
3828:. Retrieved
3814:
3803:. Retrieved
3775:. Retrieved
3761:
3753:
3747:
3739:
3719:. Retrieved
3705:
3694:. Retrieved
3683:
3676:
3658:
3640:
3621:
3612:
3603:
3594:
3576:
3558:
3540:
3522:
3513:
3495:
3476:
3448:. Retrieved
3439:
3429:
3417:. Retrieved
3408:
3398:
3389:
3380:
3372:
3367:
3359:
3354:
3346:
3341:
3332:
3323:
3315:
3310:
3303:
3298:
3285:
3276:
3267:
3258:
3219:
3213:
3205:
3200:
3188:
3181:McMahan 2008
3176:
3168:
3163:
3156:Stevens 1999
3151:
3139:
3127:
3104:
3099:
3091:
3086:
3078:
3062:
3057:
3045:
3038:Waddell 2010
3018:
3006:
2994:
2982:
2970:
2944:
2935:
2922:Hakuin Ekaku
2907:Linji Yixuan
2879:martial arts
2875:architecture
2867:tea ceremony
2851:
2832:
2806:
2790:
2779:
2765:Japanese Zen
2733:dharma heirs
2701:Eido Shimano
2693:John Tarrant
2678:
2674:
2589:Shūhō Myōchō
2553:, 1202–1280)
2534:
2525:
2519:(founded by
2513:Shūhō Myōchō
2511:(founded by
2481:
2452:Sen no Rikyū
2438:
2430:tea ceremony
2407:
2400:
2394:
2390:
2384:
2379:
2365:
2355:
2345:
2334:Linji Yixuan
2331:
2323:
2317:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2297:
2291:
2287:
2281:
2275:
2273:
2262:
2260:
2247:
2231:
2197:
2190:
2188:
2169:
2167:
2142:Fumio Toyoda
2119:
2111:
2107:
2100:Hakuin Ekaku
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2074:
2067:Linji Yixuan
2063:Linji school
2059:Chinese Chan
2052:
2046:
2037:Rinzai is a
2036:
2005:Shodo Harada
1994:
1991:
1979:
1971:Meiji period
1968:
1947:
1942:
1938:
1929:
1917:
1912:
1906:
1899:Hakuin Ekaku
1896:
1884:
1872:
1837:Fourth Rank
1807:Second Rank
1765:
1749:
1726:Shūhō Myōchō
1719:
1713:
1701:
1684:Nanpo Shōmyō
1661:
1651:Hakuin Ekaku
1626:Linji Yixuan
1622:Tang dynasty
1618:Linji school
1612:
1607:Linji Yixuan
1591:Hakuin Ekaku
1551:Linji Yixuan
1544:
1492:
1490:
1425:Danka system
1335:Architecture
1297:D. T. Suzuki
1237:Sen no Rikyū
1073:
1069:Jōdo Shinshū
865:
831:D. T. Suzuki
824:
823:
792:
791:
765:
764:
755:Hakuin Ekaku
729:Zen in Japan
728:
727:
706:Contemporary
705:
704:
703:
686:
685:
684:
602:
601:
600:
596:
566:Sanbo Kyodan
561:Ōbaku school
550:
516:Tibetan Chan
430:
429:
428:
387:
386:
238:
237:
221:
220:
193:
192:
151:
129:
121:
113:
105:
75:Zen Buddhism
61:
39:Linji school
32:Linji Yixuan
3661:, Routledge
3450:18 December
3419:18 December
2855:calligraphy
2753:Dharma Heir
2743:founded by
2737:Omori Sogen
2715:in Hawaii,
2711:founded by
2691:founded by
2683:founded by
2615:Musō Soseki
2605:Kanzan Egen
2573:Musō Soseki
2551:Enni Ben'en
2521:Enni Ben'en
2505:Musō Soseki
2493:Kanzan Egen
2448:Myōan Eisai
2444:calligraphy
2418:calligraphy
2364:class (see
2352:Takuan Sōhō
2244:mindfulness
2162:Bodhidharma
2116:Omori Sogen
2084:(臨濟語錄; Jp:
2054:Heart Sutra
2017:D.T. Suzuki
1997:Ōmori Sōgen
1969:During the
1925:Nanpo Jomyo
1852:Fifth Rank
1822:Third Rank
1792:First Rank
1734:Musō Soseki
1714:During the
1668:Myōan Eisai
1666:. In 1168,
1664:Myōan Eisai
1636:Myōan Eisai
1583:Myōan Eisai
1320:Nihon Shoki
1277:Inoue Enryō
1252:Takuan Sōhō
1247:Sesshū Tōyō
1232:Musō Soseki
1162:En no Gyōja
1132:Tori Busshi
1121:Key figures
878:Institution
825:Western Zen
610:Bodhidharma
556:Sōtō school
546:Taego Order
536:Jogye Order
501:Heze school
409:Lotus Sutra
216:One Vehicle
128:Vietnamese
3830:2012-06-29
3805:2012-06-29
3777:2012-06-29
3721:2012-06-29
3696:2012-06-29
3622:Zen at War
3586:0824515951
2928:References
2863:literature
2817:shakuhachi
2797:Manpuku-ji
2763:See also:
2717:Daiyuzenji
2703:Roshi and
2633:Shōkoku-ji
2601:Myōshin-ji
2585:Daitoku-ji
2579:Kokutai-ji
2509:Daitoku-ji
2489:Myōshin-ji
2477:Myōshin-ji
2428:, and the
2264:Shikantaza
2106:. Torei's
2104:Tōrei Enji
2082:Línjì yǔlù
2045:(like the
2032:Tōrei Enji
1959:Myoshin-ji
1950:Gasan Jitō
1931:Tōrei Enji
1907:Dai-ichiza
1876:Daitoku-ji
1811:Shōkoku-ji
1573:school of
1546:Línjì zōng
1520:Rinzai-shū
1375:Zen garden
1370:Death poem
1314:Key topics
1292:Shaku Sōen
787:Seongcheol
491:Sanjiejiao
480:Traditions
364:Zen poetry
334:Samu (Zen)
298:Shikantaza
239:Background
233:Buddhahood
222:The "goal"
3405:"Lineage"
3050:Mohr 1999
2877:and even
2786:Pure Land
2729:Wisconsin
2709:Chozen-ji
2681:Rinzai-ji
2639:Buttsū-ji
2611:Tenryū-ji
2595:Kōgaku-ji
2569:Nanzen-ji
2563:Engaku-ji
2557:Kenchō-ji
2547:Tōfuku-ji
2541:Kennin-ji
2517:Tōfuku-ji
2501:Tenryū-ji
2497:Nanzen-ji
2467:Tenryū-ji
2426:gardening
2399:) on the
2338:Hōjō clan
2146:Chozen-ji
2007:(原田 正道),
1914:Shōin-ji.
1841:Tōfuku-ji
1831:Jufuku-ji
1826:Kennin-ji
1816:Engaku-ji
1801:Kenchō-ji
1796:Tenryū-ji
1762:Nanzen-ji
1514:romanized
1420:Senjafuda
1395:Ikkō-ikki
856:Seungsahn
851:Hsuan Hua
772:Taego Bou
723:Sheng-yen
603:Classical
272:Practices
260:Emptiness
148:Teachings
112:Japanese
3902:Category
3861:Archived
3824:Archived
3799:Archived
3771:Archived
3715:Archived
3690:Archived
3444:Archived
3413:Archived
3238:47745820
3013::185–186
2977::151–152
2885:See also
2873:design,
2859:painting
2741:Chobo-Ji
2721:Illinois
2645:Kōshō-ji
2621:Eigen-ji
2414:painting
2412:such as
2256:dharanis
2080:and the
2051:and the
2039:Mahayana
1861:Jōmyō-ji
1856:Manju-ji
1846:Jōchi-ji
1786:Kamakura
1497:Japanese
1400:Butsudan
1365:Nenbutsu
1212:Nichiren
1099:Shugendo
1094:Fuke-shū
1084:Nichiren
1064:Jōdo-shū
861:Sokei-an
521:Trúc Lâm
104:Chinese
62:a series
3462:Sources
2842:Yakushi
2725:Korinji
2627:Hōkō-ji
2515:), and
2391:naikan.
2362:samurai
2342:samurai
2299:dokusan
1777:
1704:samurai
1615:Chinese
1597:History
1516::
1385:Daimoku
1345:Hongaku
1340:Temples
1330:Deities
1267:Sakuden
1177:Shinran
1127:Shōtoku
1059:Shingon
1024:Jōjitsu
1018:Schools
942:Shingon
937:Tiantai
645:Huangbo
630:Shenhui
620:Shenxiu
615:Hongren
593:Persons
329:Hua Tou
308:Dhāraṇī
303:Sesshin
194:The way
158:No-mind
120:Korean
57:Part of
3869:Keyaki
3647:
3628:
3583:
3565:
3547:
3529:
3502:
3484:
3236:
3226:
3169:Hakuin
2838:Tendai
2793:Ōtōkan
2647:(1603)
2635:(1392)
2629:(1384)
2623:(1361)
2597:(1380)
2581:(1300)
2565:(1282)
2559:(1253)
2543:(1202)
2439:sumi-e
2434:Hakuin
2422:poetry
2402:tanden
2387:Hakuin
2376:Shōgun
2344:arts (
2326:kinhin
2313:kyōgai
2308:sanzen
2304:daisan
2293:jakugo
2288:sassho
2236:ōryōki
2232:kinhin
2224:mantra
2222:, and
2212:tanden
2192:sanzen
2184:kensho
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