530:
428:
considered as territories sufficient for statehood. The term "permanent population" defines the community that has the intention to inhabit the territory permanently and is capable to support the superstructure of the State, though there is no requirement of a minimum population. The government must be capable of exercising effective control over a territory and population (the requirement known in legal theory as "effective control test") and guarantee the protection of basic human rights by legal methods and policies. The "capacity to enter into relations with other states" reflects the entity's degree of independence.
490:
on which it operated, and it has not accepted the allegation that the "TRNC" courts as a whole lacked independence and/or impartiality". On 3 February 2017, The United
Kingdom's High Court stated "There was no duty in the United Kingdom law upon the Government to refrain from recognizing Northern Cyprus. The United Nations itself works with Northern Cyprus law enforcement agencies and facilitates co-operation between the two parts of the island". and revealed that the co-operation between the United Kingdom police and law agencies in Northern Cyprus is legal.
703:
which states do not have (though their territories have a spatial position, states are distinct from their territories), and abstract objects have a position in neither time nor space, which does not fit the supposed characteristics of states either, since states do have a temporal position (they can be created at certain times and then become extinct at a future time). Therefore, it has been argued that states belong to a third category, the quasi-abstract, that has recently begun to garner philosophical attention, especially in the area of
771:
757:
115:
260:, and the charters of regional international organizations express the view that all states are juridically equal and enjoy the same rights and duties based upon the mere fact of their existence as persons under international law. The right of nations to determine their own political status and exercise permanent sovereignty within the limits of their territorial jurisdictions is widely recognized.
1872:
707:, an ontological theory that seeks to understand the role of documents in understanding all of social reality. Quasi-abstract objects, such as states, can be brought into being through document acts, and can also be used to manipulate them, such as by binding them by treaty or surrendering them as the result of a war.
188:
the international system of special internal and external security and legitimization of the dilemma. Recently, the concept of the international community has been formed to refer to a group of States that have established rules, procedures and institutions for the implementation of relations. Thus, the foundation for
221:
Sovereignty is a term that is frequently misused. Up until the 19th century, the radicalised concept of a "standard of civilization" was routinely deployed to determine that certain people in the world were "uncivilized", and lacking organised societies. That position was reflected and constituted in
187:
includes more than 200 sovereign states, most of which are represented in the United
Nations. These states exist in a system of international relations, where each state takes into account the policies of other states by making its own calculations. From this point of view, States are integrated into
970:
on Rights and Duties of States, 1 lays down the most widely accepted formulation of the criteria of statehood in international law. It note that the state as an international person should possess the following qualifications: '(a) a permanent population; (b) a defined territory; (c) government; and
484:
decided that "notwithstanding the lack of international recognition of the regime in the northern area, a de facto recognition of its acts may be rendered necessary for practical purposes. Thus the adoption by the authorities of the "TRNC" of civil, administrative or criminal law measures, and their
458:
State practice relating to the recognition of states typically falls somewhere between the declaratory and constitutive approaches. International law does not require a state to recognise other states. Recognition is often withheld when a new state is seen as illegitimate or has come about in breach
419:
if it meets the following criteria: 1) a defined territory; 2) a permanent population; 3) a government and 4) a capacity to enter into relations with other states. According to declarative theory, an entity's statehood is independent of its recognition by other states, as long as the sovereignty was
489:
purportedly operates as a democratic republic with a president, prime minister, legislature and judiciary". On 2 September 2015, ECtHR decided that "...the court system set up in the "TRNC" was to be considered to have been "established by law" with reference to the "constitutional and legal basis"
383:
One of the major criticisms of this law is the confusion caused when some states recognise a new entity, but other states do not. Hersch
Lauterpacht, one of the theory's main proponents, suggested that a state must grant recognition as a possible solution. However, a state may use any criteria when
267:
Named after the 1648 Treaty of
Westphalia, the Westphalian System of state sovereignty, according to Bryan Turner, "made a more or less clear separation between religion and state, and recognized the right of princes "to confessionalize" the state, that is, to determine the religious affiliation of
710:
Scholars in international relations can be broken up into two different practices, realists and pluralists, of what they believe the ontological state of the state is. Realists believe that the world is one of only states and interstate relations and the identity of the state is defined before any
226:
said, "There exists perhaps no conception the meaning of which is more controversial than that of sovereignty. It is an indisputable fact that this conception, from the moment when it was introduced into political science until the present day, has never had a meaning, which was universally agreed
702:
It has been argued that one potential reason as to why the existence of states has been controversial is because states do not have a place in the traditional
Platonist duality of the concrete and the abstract. Characteristically, concrete objects are those that have a position in time and space,
681:
Generally speaking, states are durable entities, though they can become extinguished, either through voluntary means or outside forces, such as military conquest. Violent state abolition has virtually ceased since the end of World War II. Because states are non-physical juridical entities, it has
366:
of international law if, and only if, it is recognised as sovereign by at least one other state. This theory of recognition was developed in the 19th century. Under it, a state was sovereign if another sovereign state recognised it as such. Because of this, new states could not immediately become
333:
State recognition signifies the decision of a sovereign state to treat another entity as also being a sovereign state. Recognition can be either expressed or implied and is usually retroactive in its effects. It does not necessarily signify a desire to establish or maintain diplomatic relations.
427:
A "territory" in the international law context consists of land territory, internal waters, territorial sea, and air space above the territory. There is no requirement on strictly delimited borders or minimum size of the land, but artificial installations and uninhabitable territories cannot be
660:
due to having a political system in which the sovereignty of the state was subject to limitations both internal (West
Germany's federal system and the role of civil society) and external (membership in the European Community and reliance on its alliance with the United States and NATO for its
735:
Since the end of World War II, the number of sovereign states in the international system has surged. Some research suggests that the existence of international and regional organisations, the greater availability of economic aid, and greater acceptance of the norm of self-determination have
639:
Sovereignty is most commonly conceptualised as something categorical, which is either present or absent, and the coherence of any intermediate position in that binary has been questioned, especially in the context of international law. In spite of this, some authors admit the concept of a
309:
wrote that the "perfect equality and absolute independence of sovereigns" has created a class of cases where "every sovereign is understood to waive the exercise of a part of that complete exclusive territorial jurisdiction, which has been stated to be the attribute of every nation".
2110:"Opinion stating the reasons for the Court's Order of September 30, 2014 granting both the TRNC's and the HSBC defendants' motions to dismiss, denying the plaintiffs' motion for leave to amend, and dismissing this action with prejudice for Toumazou et al v. Republic of Turkey et al"
744:
that the increase in the number of states can partly be credited to a more peaceful world, greater free trade and international economic integration, democratisation, and the presence of international organisations that co-ordinate economic and political policies.
263:
In political science, sovereignty is usually defined as the most essential attribute of the state in the form of its complete self-sufficiency in the frames of a certain territory, that is its supremacy in the domestic policy and independence in the foreign one.
395:
International Law does not say that a State is not in existence as long as it is not recognised, but it takes no notice of it before its recognition. Through recognition only and exclusively a State becomes an
International Person and a subject of International
167:
Since the end of the 19th century, almost the entire globe has been divided into sections (countries) with more or less defined borders assigned to different states. Previously, quite large plots of land were either unclaimed or deserted, or inhabited by
342:
states in World War I and explained that "since recognition of statehood is a matter of discretion, it is open to any existing State to accept as a state any entity it wishes, regardless of the existence of territory or of an established government."
375:
recognised only 39 sovereign states in the
European diplomatic system, and as a result, it was firmly established that in the future new states would have to be recognised by other states, and that meant in practice recognition by one or more of the
479:
In the case of
Northern Cyprus, recognition was withheld from a state created in Northern Cyprus. International law contains no prohibition on declarations of independence, and the recognition of a country is a political issue. On 2 July 2013,
711:
international relations with other states. On the other hand, pluralists believe that the state is not the only actor in international relations and interactions between states and the state is competing against many other actors.
3253:
463:
and
Northern Cyprus are good examples of this, the former only having been recognized by South Africa, and the latter only recognized by Turkey. In the case of Rhodesia, recognition was widely withheld when the white minority
673:" is predicated upon that distinction. States are non-physical juridical entities, not organisations of any kind. However, ordinarily, only the government of a state can obligate or bind the state, for example by treaty.
337:
No definition is binding on all the members of the community of nations on the criteria for statehood. In practice, the criteria are mainly political, not legal. L.C. Green cited the recognition of the unborn Polish and
1381:
Wilde, Ralph (2009). "From Trusteeship to Self-Determination and Back Again: The Role of the Hague Regulations in the Evolution of International Trusteeship, and the Framework of Rights and Duties of Occupying Powers".
1083:
The Committee considers that the state is commonly defined as a community which consists of a territory and a population subject to an organized political authority; that such a state is characterized by sovereignty;
318:
by statute, which explicitly limits jurisdictional immunity to public acts, but not private or commercial ones, though there is no precise definition by which public acts can easily be distinguished from private ones.
257:
682:
been argued that their extinction cannot be due to physical force alone. Instead, the physical actions of the military must be associated with the correct social or judiciary actions for a state to be abolished.
313:
Absolute sovereign immunity is no longer as widely accepted as it has been in the past, and some countries, including the United States, Canada, Singapore, Australia, Pakistan and South Africa, have introduced
485:
application or enforcement within that territory, may be regarded as having a legal basis in domestic law for the purposes of the Convention". On 9 October 2014, the US's Federal Court stated that "the
648:
subjected to a more powerful neighbour; Belarus, in its relationship with Russia, has been proposed as a contemporary example of a semi-sovereign state. In a somewhat different sense, the term
2142:
669:
Although the terms "state" and "government" are often used interchangeably, international law distinguishes between a non-physical state and its government; and in fact, the concept of "
2117:
367:
part of the international community or be bound by international law, and recognised nations did not have to respect international law in their dealings with them. In 1815, at the
1741:
830:
694:
status of the state has been a subject of debate, especially, whether or not the state, being an object that no one can see, taste, touch, or otherwise detect, actually exists.
498:, and their representatives are elected in the Assembly of Northern Cyprus. As a country, Northern Cyprus became an observer member in various international organizations (the
2777:
1007:
A sovereign state is generally defined to be any nation or people, whatever may be the form of its internal constitution, which governs itself independently of foreign powers.
431:
Article 3 of the Montevideo Convention declares that political statehood is independent of recognition by other states, and the state is not prohibited from defending itself.
295:
within territorial boundaries. Based on this, the jurisprudence has developed along the lines of affording immunity from prosecution to foreign states in domestic courts. In
180:(and some of them are still not in constant contact). Additionally, there are states where de facto control is contested or where it is not exercised over their whole area.
719:
Another theory of the ontology of the state is that the state is a spiritual, or "mystical entity" with its own being, distinct from the members of the state. The German
5262:
2681:"The Involuntary Extinction of States: An Examination of the Destruction of States though the Application of Military Force by Foreign Powers since the Second World War"
1443:
3486:
2339:
384:
judging if they should give recognition and they have no obligation to use such criteria. Many states may only recognise another state if it is to their advantage.
2914:
840:
615:
1711:
79:
such as Somaliland because its government can interact diplomatically internationally in an informal way. A unrecognized state often has difficulty engaging in
5242:
2971:
2095:
1979:
315:
736:
increased the desire of political units to secede and can be credited for the increase in the number of states in the international system. Harvard economist
2680:
2073:
1472:
2023:
The President of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) Hisashi Owada (2010): "International law contains no prohibition on declarations of independence."
614:
The hegemony of this system, at least until recent years, is what created the possibility of a de facto state as an anomaly existing outside of it - or in
465:
284:
222:
the notion that their "sovereignty" was either completely lacking or at least of an inferior character when compared to that of the "civilized" people".
2665:
1935:
International Law and Self-Determination: The Interplay of the Politics of Territorial Possession With Formulations of Post-Colonial National Identity
2002:
1991:
556:
210:
sovereignty based on territoriality and the absence of a role for external agents in domestic structures. It is an international system of states,
3850:
644:, a state which is officially acknowledged as sovereign but whose theoretical sovereignty is significantly impaired in practice, such as by being
3227:, "Part Three. The Philosophy of the State" (Milwaukee: The Bruce Publishing Company, 1954 ). 507 pgs. 23 cm. LOC classification: JA66 .S35
495:
2242:
727:(1770â1831) was perhaps the greatest proponent of this theory. The Hegelian definition of the state is "the Divine Idea as it exists on Earth".
444:, which found that a state was defined by having a territory, a population, government, and capacity to enter into relations with other states.
3479:
2312:
3900:
824:
583:
states only according to their own law and by states that recognise them. For example, Somaliland is commonly considered to be such a state.
2747:
2109:
551:
are sometimes recognised as being the legitimate government of a territory over which they have no actual control. For example, during the
5257:
1849:
1792:
3287:
1137:
3509:
3243:
2286:
4631:
3472:
886:
2808:
1910:
3317:
2366:
1558:
1065:
Pellet, Alain (1992). "The Opinions of the Badinter Arbitration Committee A Second Breath for the Self-Determination of Peoples".
1192:
Hoch, TomĂĄĆĄ (2018). "Legitimization of Statehood and its Impact on Foreign Policy in De Facto States: A Case Study of Abkhazia".
835:
453:
328:
984:
So far as States are concerned, the traditional definitions provided for in the Montevideo Convention remain generally accepted.
626:
resulted in the emergence of numerous such entities, several of which, including Abkhazia, Transdniester, South Ossetia and the
83:
with other sovereign states due to their lack of official international recognition. A sovereign state is often understood as a
4537:
2088:"Michali Toumazou, Nicolas Kantzilaris and Maroulla Tompazou versus Republic of Turkey and Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus"
1435:
1021:
3217:
3157:
3087:
2894:
2587:
2512:
2473:
2399:
2225:
2185:
1947:
1816:
1771:
1682:
1646:
1497:
1419:
1330:
1305:
1052:
959:
3052:
2518:
2479:
2405:
2343:
2157:
2035:
4751:
3789:
2016:
297:
4480:
4756:
4184:
3688:
3099:"States and their international relations since 1816: introducing version 2 of the International System(s) Dataset (ISD)"
3010:
2936:
Fazal, Tanisha M.; Griffiths, Ryan D. (March 2014). "Membership Has Its Privileges: The Changing Benefits of Statehood".
499:
372:
2316:
600:
De facto states can be understood as a product of the very system that excludes the possibility of their existence: the
4683:
2910:
2886:
1956:
4569:
4517:
4426:
3199:
3178:
3139:
3004:
1843:
1735:
1706:
1131:
880:
503:
154:
17:
2963:
1523:
Schwebel, Stephen M. (1963). "The Story of the U.N.'s Declaration on Permanent Sovereignty over Natural Resources".
529:
4706:
4646:
4606:
4512:
4490:
4274:
3929:
3924:
3595:
2087:
132:
2695:
2065:
1465:
192:, diplomacy between officially recognized sovereign states, their organizations and formal regimes has been laid.
4771:
4532:
3696:
815:
619:
473:
235:, "sovereignty is neither a question of fact, nor a question of law, but a question that does not arise at all".
5213:
4766:
4015:
3946:
3125:
The International Law of Recognition, with Special Reference to Practice in Great Britain and the United States
1043:
481:
440:
172:
that were not organized into states. However, even in modern states, there are large remote areas, such as the
136:
5065:
4140:
2145:
Criminals fleeing British justice can no longer use Cyprus as a safe haven, judges rule, in landmark decision
1498:"General Assembly resolution 1803 (XVII) of 14 December 1962, "Permanent sovereignty over natural resources""
1262:
507:
3262:
5288:
4883:
4690:
4502:
4040:
3917:
3756:
3310:
855:
469:
4626:
4371:
435:
306:
5283:
4741:
4252:
3840:
3273:
Legal opinion by the Negotiations Support Unit in the Palestinian Authority on transitional sovereignty
1739:
1123:
72:
64:
as having a permanent population, defined territory, a government not under another, and the capacity
4941:
4913:
4731:
4495:
4247:
3860:
2603:
Robinson, Edward Heath (2010). "An ontological analysis of states: Organizations vs. legal persons".
2257:
601:
273:
211:
3464:
1873:"The Status of Unrecognized Quasi-States and Their Responsibilities Under the Montevideo Convention"
434:
A similar opinion about "the conditions on which an entity constitutes a state" is expressed by the
4946:
4711:
4052:
3729:
2427:
Hancock, Kathleen J. (April 2006). "The Semi-Sovereign State: Belarus and the Russian Neo-Empire".
1966:
951:
820:
785:
416:
3269:
information on tracking, evaluating and managing sovereign risk for trade and permanent investment
2217:
1297:
4554:
4414:
4392:
4157:
3749:
3496:
3303:
618:'s memorable phrase, as "temporary technical errors within the system of international law." The
572:
232:
201:
184:
125:
65:
4993:
1550:
5070:
4906:
4901:
4431:
4269:
4169:
3905:
3825:
560:
253:
76:
3168:
2164:
The Foreign Policy of Counter Secession: Preventing the Recognition of Contested States, p.149
1833:
1806:
5166:
4402:
4086:
4070:
4030:
4020:
3855:
3719:
3701:
3547:
2659:
2175:
1939:
1709:
1117:
967:
623:
421:
406:
3240:
943:
571:
control over a territory but lack international recognition; these may be considered by the
5293:
5133:
4025:
3585:
3403:
3338:
2549:
1786:
850:
653:
1227:
Fowler, Michael Ross; Bunck, Julie Marie (1996). "What constitutes the sovereign state?".
8:
5141:
4978:
4636:
4564:
4259:
4217:
4105:
4035:
4010:
3797:
3744:
3557:
3552:
1902:
944:
795:
670:
630:, survived in the margins of international relations for decades despite non-recognition.
627:
547:(i.e., they exist both according to law and in practice). However, states which are only
459:
of international law. Almost universal non-recognition by the international community of
350:, however, there are several theories of when a state should be recognised as sovereign.
215:
98:
2553:
2282:
1078:
1059:
adjective ... (of a nation or state) fully independent and determining its own affairs.
283:
from the judicial process, derived from the concepts of sovereignty and the Westphalian
5252:
4973:
4961:
4896:
4891:
4611:
4397:
4281:
4164:
4047:
3980:
3872:
3830:
3670:
3358:
2800:
2737:
2647:
2444:
1532:
1363:
1244:
1209:
921:
388:
368:
239:
2540:
Robinson, Edward Heath (August 2013). "The Distinction Between State and Government".
238:
Sovereignty has taken on a different meaning with the development of the principle of
5015:
5003:
4651:
4641:
4264:
4242:
4147:
4111:
4005:
3892:
3882:
3867:
3724:
3657:
3443:
3281:
3213:
3195:
3174:
3153:
3135:
3083:
3000:
2890:
2741:
2583:
2508:
2469:
2448:
2440:
2395:
2221:
2181:
1943:
1839:
1812:
1767:
1731:
1702:
1678:
1642:
1615:
1584:
1415:
1367:
1346:
NĂșñez, Jorge Emilio (2013). "About the Impossibility of Absolute State Sovereignty".
1326:
1301:
1248:
1127:
1048:
955:
860:
800:
347:
280:
249:
189:
177:
173:
57:
2804:
1585:"Globalization and Sovereignty: Why do States Abandon their Sovereign Prerogatives?"
5060:
4858:
4421:
4327:
4080:
3964:
3835:
3815:
3779:
3652:
3623:
3562:
3343:
3110:
2945:
2792:
2729:
2639:
2612:
2557:
2436:
2213:
1670:
1634:
1631:
Great Powers and Outlaw States: Unequal Sovereigns in the International Legal Order
1611:
1355:
1293:
1236:
1201:
1172:
1074:
1013:
790:
552:
491:
3115:
3098:
1602:
Turner, Bryan S. (July 2007). "Islam, Religious Revival and the Sovereign State".
1501:
5247:
5232:
Used by ten or more countries or having derived terms. Historical derivations in
5108:
4736:
4439:
4342:
4286:
4194:
4179:
3959:
3954:
3912:
3877:
3677:
3642:
3617:
3266:
3247:
3189:
3147:
3077:
3044:
3038:
2880:
2796:
2502:
2463:
2389:
2161:
2154:
2039:
2032:
2020:
2013:
1933:
1761:
1745:
1715:
1161:"Statehood and recognition in world politics: Towards a critical research agenda"
845:
810:
762:
737:
605:
223:
2733:
2504:
Rethinking Germany and Europe: Democracy and Diplomacy in a Semi-Sovereign State
2033:
Oshisanya, An Almanac of Contemporary and Comperative Judicial Restatement, 2016
1255:
770:
4579:
4547:
4409:
4347:
4337:
4332:
4152:
4118:
3986:
3936:
3887:
3580:
3327:
3272:
2778:"A documentary theory of states and their existence as quasi-abstract entities"
1727:
875:
339:
169:
61:
39:
5040:
2994:
2643:
2130:
2051:
1400:
Lassa Oppenheim, International Law 66 (Sir Arnold D. McNair ed., 4th ed. 1928)
1359:
1240:
1205:
1177:
1160:
420:
not gained by military force. The declarative model was expressed in the 1933
5277:
4761:
4601:
4363:
4212:
4075:
3845:
3820:
3663:
3453:
3368:
2308:
1638:
865:
704:
608:
system of sovereign and equal states covering every centimeter of the globe.
302:
3048:
2367:"The Nagorno-Karabakh Republic: The life and death of an unrecognized state"
5161:
5153:
5148:
5113:
4621:
4616:
4527:
3997:
3647:
3609:
3542:
3423:
3413:
3398:
3363:
1701:, UNESCO Series, Mohammed Bedjaoui(ed), Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1991,
912:
Philpott, Daniel (1995). "Sovereignty: An Introduction and Brief History".
805:
776:
363:
207:
5055:
3220:. p 29 (with reference to Oppenheim in International Law Vol. 1 1905 p110)
2042:
p.64: The ICJ maintained that ... the issue of recognition was apolitical.
1674:
1003:
Elements of international law: with a sketch of the history of the science
658:
Policy and Politics in West Germany: The Growth of a Semi-sovereign State,
4781:
4726:
4589:
4584:
4574:
4309:
4304:
4202:
4174:
3739:
3734:
3601:
3408:
2616:
2167:
1410:
Akweenda, Sackey (1997). "Sovereignty in cases of Mandated Territories".
870:
724:
564:
377:
228:
43:
4968:
2465:
Policy and Politics in West Germany: The Growth of a Semisovereign State
1536:
1213:
925:
756:
4668:
4207:
4062:
3761:
3433:
3383:
3353:
2949:
2651:
2561:
1412:
International law and the protection of Namibia's territorial integrity
592:
288:
244:
139: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
5087:
5045:
5020:
4878:
4833:
4721:
4663:
4485:
4234:
3494:
2630:
Fazal, Tanisha M. (2004). "State Death in the International System".
93:, the term "country" may also refer to a constituent country such as
80:
51:
47:
5123:
5118:
2155:
James Ker-Lindsay (UN SG's Former Special Representative for Cyprus)
176:, that are either uninhabited or inhabited exclusively or mainly by
114:
4873:
4843:
4673:
4596:
4507:
4319:
4097:
3807:
3428:
3418:
3348:
3149:
Sovereignty: The Origin and Future of a Political and Legal Concept
1551:"OHCHR | International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights"
1103:
The recognition of states: law and practice in debate and evolution
720:
691:
559:
of several states continued to enjoy diplomatic relations with the
460:
5183:
5077:
4928:
476:
described as the creation of an "illegal racist minority régime".
5178:
5103:
4933:
4923:
4863:
4776:
4746:
4678:
4559:
3771:
3572:
3448:
3388:
3295:
539:
94:
85:
3259:
3228:
2833:
Ringmar, Erik (1996). "On the Ontological Status of the State".
2720:
Ringmar, Erik (1996). "On the ontological status of the state".
2501:
Padgett, Stephen; Jeffery, C.; Bulmer, Simon (14 January 2014).
2210:
The Reality of International LawEssays in Honour of Ian Brownlie
1804:
563:, notwithstanding that their countries were under occupation by
5208:
5198:
5193:
5128:
5082:
4998:
4868:
4853:
4848:
4838:
4522:
4129:
3711:
3378:
1871:
Bachmann, Sascha Dov; Prazauskas, Martinas (19 December 2019).
831:
List of sovereign states and dependent territories by continent
511:
90:
4953:
883:, a rare example of a contemporary sovereign, non-state entity
5203:
5188:
5173:
5050:
5035:
5025:
5010:
4988:
4983:
4918:
4716:
4658:
4542:
3393:
3373:
3260:
Links to the best political risk websites, ipoliticalrisk.com
3194:(Second ed.). Macmillan International Higher Education.
2391:
Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law
3280:
3079:
Imperialism, Sovereignty and the Making of International Law
2771:
2769:
2173:
1220:
714:
664:
652:
was famously applied to West Germany by political scientist
5030:
4296:
3634:
3097:
Butcher, Charles R.; Griffiths, Ryan D. (17 January 2020).
2201:
486:
697:
242:
and the prohibition against the threat or use of force as
4828:
2766:
1633:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 25â61.
740:
and Tufts economist Enrico Spolaore argue in their book,
2208:
Goodwin-Gill, Guy S.; Talmon, Stefan (14 October 1999).
1018:
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
2761:
Sovereign Statehood: The Basis of International Society
2174:
CzapliĆski, W.; Kleczkowska, A.; Scholar, W.N. (2019).
1730:, Mala Tabory eds., Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1990,
1288:
Talmon, Stefan (2001). "Recognition and its Variants".
1047:(2nd ed.), Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005,
1034:
adj. 1. Self-governing; independent: a sovereign state.
971:(d) capacity to enter into relations with other states'
841:
List of historical unrecognized states and dependencies
75:. A sovereign state can exist without being officially
2993:
Alesina, Alberto; Spolaore, Enrico (7 November 2003).
1980:
Arbitration Commission of the Conference on Yugoslavia
1697:
See B. Broms, "IV Recognition of States", pp 47â48 in
1442:. Secretariat of The Organization of American States.
1152:
496:
Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE)
2283:"The List: Six Reasons You May Need A New Atlas Soon"
1281:
27:
State that has the highest authority over a territory
2573:
2571:
2500:
2243:"De facto Statehood? The Strange Case of Somaliland"
1436:"Chapter IV Fundamental Rights and Duties of States"
1185:
752:
3166:
3043:(2nd printing ed.). Bruce Publishing Company.
3036:
2870:
2858:
2388:Grant, John P.; Barker, J. Craig (2 October 2009).
1667:
The State Immunity Controversy in International Law
391:said the following, regarding constitutive theory:
4811:
3250:With cases and commentary. Nathaniel Burney, 2007.
3037:Schmandt, Henry J.; Steinbicker, Paul G. (1956) .
2964:"The State of Secession in International Politics"
2207:
2066:"Property Spat Over Turk-|Controlled Cyprus Fails"
1870:
1831:
1466:"Draft Declaration on Rights and Duties of States"
1109:
685:
3291:. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). pp. 799â801.
2854:
2852:
2850:
2848:
2568:
730:
468:and attempted to form a state along the lines of
5275:
3096:
2342:. Les Nouvelles d'Addis Magazine. Archived from
1235:(4). Cambridge University Press (CUP): 381â404.
1020:(4th ed.), Houghton Mifflin Company, 2004,
512:Parliamentary Assembly of Turkic States (TURKPA)
258:Draft Declaration on Rights and Duties of States
2992:
1629:Simpson, Gerry (2004). "Sovereign Equalities".
1290:Recognition of Governments in International Law
291:, the powers of the state are considered to be
2935:
2845:
2664:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of August 2024 (
2313:Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization
2003:United Nations Security Council Resolution 541
1992:United Nations Security Council Resolution 216
1440:Charter of the Organization of American States
1348:International Journal for the Semiotics of Law
533:De facto map of control of the world, May 2019
517:
3480:
3311:
3223:Schmandt, Henry J., and Paul G. Steinbicker.
3075:
2337:
1699:International law: achievements and prospects
268:their kingdoms on the pragmatic principle of
3256:by Michael Ross Fowler and Julie Marie Bunck
3145:
5258:List of administrative divisions by country
3210:Statehood and the Law of Self-determination
3132:The Creation of States in International Law
2835:European Journal of International Relations
2826:
2722:European Journal of International Relations
2580:The Creation of States in International Law
2461:
2387:
1903:"Convention on Rights and Duties of States"
1838:. Cambridge University Press. p. 419.
1726:See Israel Yearbook on Human Rights, 1989,
1414:. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 40.
1226:
1115:
3487:
3473:
3318:
3304:
2177:Unrecognised Subjects in International Law
2133:The decision of 02.09.2015. paragraph 237.
1931:
1811:. The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd. p. 135.
1595:
1263:"Countries Not in the United Nations 2024"
1005:. Carey, Lea & Blanchard. p. 51.
482:The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR)
206:Westphalian sovereignty is the concept of
195:
3114:
2582:(2nd ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press.
2218:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198268376.003.0023
1805:Lassa Oppenheim, Ronald Roxburgh (2005).
1660:
1658:
1298:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199248391.003.0003
1176:
887:Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations
665:Relationship between state and government
155:Learn how and when to remove this message
3525:
2879:Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich (2012) .
2775:
2678:
2602:
2577:
2539:
2394:. Oxford University Press. p. 552.
2180:. Scholar Publishing House. p. 26.
2054:The decision of 02.07.2013. paragraph 29
1522:
1409:
982:. Kluwer Law International. p. 20.
911:
634:
528:
214:, and organizations that began with the
4463:
3278:
2913:. SAGE Publications. pp. 294â295.
2832:
2719:
2426:
2340:"France recognises de facto Somaliland"
1938:. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p.
1759:
1755:
1753:
1628:
1320:
1267:World Population by Country 2024 (Live)
836:List of states with limited recognition
454:List of states with limited recognition
329:List of states with limited recognition
14:
5276:
2364:
2285:. Foreign Policy Magazine. July 2007.
2240:
2063:
1763:Sourcebook on Public International Law
1664:
1655:
1601:
1582:
1287:
1158:
1101:Grant, Thomas D. (1999). "Chapter 1".
1096:
1094:
1064:
978:Jasentuliyana, Nandasiri, ed. (1995).
950:. Cambridge University Press. p.
596:in early 2024, Laurence Broers wrote:
353:
279:Before 1900, sovereign states enjoyed
4810:
4462:
3524:
3507:
3468:
3299:
3254:What constitutes the sovereign state?
3212:. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2002.
3013:from the original on 17 November 2016
2974:from the original on 17 November 2016
2917:from the original on 17 November 2016
2878:
2629:
2250:Yale Journal of International Affairs
2120:from the original on 21 October 2023.
2098:from the original on 20 October 2023.
2076:from the original on 21 October 2023.
1380:
1345:
1100:
1067:European Journal of International Law
400:
3187:
3055:from the original on 15 January 2023
2521:from the original on 15 January 2023
2482:from the original on 15 January 2023
2408:from the original on 15 January 2023
2289:from the original on 13 January 2009
1962:
1852:from the original on 15 January 2023
1750:
1564:from the original on 4 December 2018
1478:from the original on 17 October 2013
1191:
1140:from the original on 15 January 2023
941:
447:
137:adding citations to reliable sources
108:
77:recognized by other sovereign states
3241:A Brief Primer on International Law
2365:Broers, Laurence (2 January 2024).
1091:
1079:10.1093/oxfordjournals.ejil.a035802
1024:from the original on 7 October 2015
676:
500:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
89:; but when referring to a specific
24:
3325:
3069:
1384:Loy. L.A. Int'l & Comp. L. Rev
25:
5305:
3508:
3234:
3134:. Oxford University Press, 2005.
2688:The Journal of Military Geography
1446:from the original on 9 April 2012
1105:. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger.
980:Perspectives on international law
881:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
504:Economic Cooperation Organization
298:The Schooner Exchange v. M'Faddon
4275:Organized incorporated territory
3170:Recognition in International Law
2911:"The SAGE Handbook of Diplomacy"
2441:10.1111/j.1743-8594.2006.00023.x
2319:from the original on 3 June 2010
2064:Abbott, Ryan (13 October 2014).
1913:from the original on 29 May 2019
1835:Recognition in International Law
1616:10.1111/j.1478-1913.2007.00187.x
1525:American Bar Association Journal
1500:. United Nations. Archived from
1471:. UN Treaty Organization. 1949.
1323:Sovereignty: Organised Hypocrisy
1119:Recognition in International Law
914:Journal of International Affairs
769:
755:
494:gained "observer status" in the
360:constitutive theory of statehood
113:
73:a sovereign state is independent
5263:Slavic administrative divisions
3076:Angie, Antony (26 April 2007).
2986:
2956:
2929:
2903:
2885:. Courier Corporation. p.
2877:, trans. J. Sibree ); see also
2871:Schmandt & Steinbicker 1956
2864:
2859:Schmandt & Steinbicker 1956
2753:
2713:
2679:Robinson, Edward Heath (2011).
2672:
2623:
2596:
2533:
2494:
2455:
2420:
2381:
2358:
2331:
2301:
2275:
2234:
2148:
2136:
2124:
2102:
2080:
2057:
2045:
2026:
2007:
1996:
1985:
1972:
1925:
1895:
1864:
1825:
1798:
1780:
1720:
1691:
1622:
1576:
1543:
1516:
1490:
1458:
1428:
1403:
1394:
1374:
1339:
1314:
1229:Review of International Studies
816:List of former sovereign states
715:The state as "spiritual entity"
686:Ontological status of the state
537:Most sovereign states are both
474:United Nations Security Council
413:declarative theory of statehood
124:needs additional citations for
71:It is commonly understood that
4812:Non-English terms or loanwords
4016:Direct-controlled municipality
3173:. Cambridge University Press.
3146:Dieter Grimm (21 April 2015).
3082:. Cambridge University Press.
2462:Katzenstein, Peter J. (1987).
1325:. Princeton University Press.
1044:New Oxford American Dictionary
991:
932:
905:
731:Trends in the number of states
441:Badinter Arbitration Committee
322:
13:
1:
4141:Special administrative region
3152:. Columbia University Press.
3116:10.1080/03050629.2020.1707199
2873:, p. 71 (citing Hegel's
2309:"Overview of De-facto States"
1808:International Law: A Treatise
1766:. Routledge. pp. 201â2.
942:Shaw, Malcolm Nathan (2003).
893:
698:The state as "quasi-abstract"
508:Organization of Turkic States
66:to interact with other states
4041:Mountain resort municipality
3918:Intermediate school district
3901:Educational service district
3757:Regional county municipality
3167:Lauterpacht, Hersch (2012).
2938:International Studies Review
2797:10.1080/14650045.2014.913027
2776:Robinson, Edward H. (2014).
2338:Wiren, Robert (April 2008).
1321:Krasner, Stephen D. (1999).
1116:Lauterpacht, Hersch (2012).
898:
856:Rule according to higher law
579:states. They are considered
7:
4372:Autonomous territorial unit
2763:(London: Allen & Unwin)
2734:10.1177/1354066196002004002
2646:(inactive 27 August 2024).
2468:. Temple University Press.
2212:. Oxford University Press.
1932:Castellino, Joshua (2000).
1832:Hersch Lauterpacht (2012).
748:
586:Outlining the concept of a
436:European Economic Community
417:person in international law
307:United States Supreme Court
10:
5310:
4253:National capital territory
3974:Indian reserve/reservation
3841:Indian government district
3495:Designations for types of
3229:Fundamentals of government
3225:Fundamentals of Government
3191:Modern Political Geography
3103:International Interactions
3040:Fundamentals of Government
3029:
2632:International Organization
1665:Bankas, Ernest K. (2005).
1124:Cambridge University Press
567:. Other entities may have
451:
404:
326:
212:multinational corporations
199:
104:
5243:Autonomous administration
5230:
5096:
4821:
4817:
4806:
4699:
4473:
4469:
4458:
4382:
4356:
4318:
4295:
4248:Federal capital territory
4233:
4193:
4128:
4096:
4061:
3996:
3973:
3945:
3861:Non-metropolitan district
3851:Local government district
3806:
3788:
3770:
3710:
3687:
3633:
3608:
3594:
3571:
3535:
3531:
3520:
3516:
3503:
3334:
2968:E-International Relations
2882:The Philosophy of History
2644:10.1017/S0020818304582048
2507:. Palgrave Macmillan UK.
1360:10.1007/s11196-013-9333-x
1241:10.1017/s0260210500118637
1206:10.1163/1573384X-20180406
1178:10.1177/00108367211007876
274:whose realm, his religion
227:upon." In the opinion of
174:Amazon's tropical forests
4053:Specialized municipality
3730:Consolidated city-county
3279:Barclay, Thomas (1911).
3246:10 November 2016 at the
2160:14 November 2022 at the
2143:The Telegraph 03.02.2017
2038:14 November 2022 at the
1877:The International Lawyer
1744:14 November 2022 at the
1714:14 November 2022 at the
1639:10.1017/CBO9780511494185
1165:Cooperation and Conflict
821:List of sovereign states
786:List of sovereign states
270:cuius regio eius religio
4415:Military exclusion zone
4393:Exclusive economic zone
4158:National capital region
3750:Non-metropolitan county
3497:administrative division
3288:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
2694:: 17â29. Archived from
2429:Foreign Policy Analysis
2256:: 60â79. Archived from
2241:Arieff, Alexis (2008).
2070:Courthouse News Service
1978:Opinion No. 10. of the
1194:Iran & the Caucasus
1001:Wheaton, Henry (1836).
573:international community
287:. First articulated by
233:High Court of Australia
202:Westphalian sovereignty
196:Westphalian sovereignty
185:international community
4432:Self-administered zone
4270:Incorporated territory
4137:Administrative region
3906:Local service district
3826:Congressional district
3188:Muir, Richard (1981).
1159:Visoka, GĂ«zim (2022).
632:
534:
470:Apartheid South Africa
398:
254:United Nations Charter
4403:Special economic zone
4087:Praetorian prefecture
4071:Autonomous prefecture
4031:Regional municipality
4021:District municipality
3856:Metropolitan district
3720:Administrative county
3702:Residential community
3548:Local government area
3265:1 August 2012 at the
2970:. 23 September 2016.
2875:Philosophy of History
2578:Crawford, J. (2006).
1790:Taming the Sovereigns
1760:Hillier, Tim (1998).
1675:10.1007/3-540-27883-4
1583:Grinin, L. E (2008).
1200:(4). Brill: 382â407.
968:Montevideo Convention
635:Semi-sovereign states
616:Alexander Iskandaryan
602:post-Second World War
598:
532:
422:Montevideo Convention
415:defines a state as a
407:Montevideo Convention
393:
362:defines a state as a
42:that has the supreme
4994:Njësi administrative
4026:Neutral municipality
3965:Subdivision of India
3697:Autonomous community
3586:Metropolitan borough
3526:Common English terms
3404:Night-watchman state
3339:Administrative state
2617:10.3233/AO-2010-0077
1787:Kalevi Jaakko Holsti
1589:Age of Globalization
851:Non-Aligned Movement
661:national security).
642:semi-sovereign state
557:governments-in-exile
316:restrictive immunity
133:improve this article
81:diplomatic relations
5289:Political geography
4637:Autonomous republic
4565:Enclave and exclave
4464:Other English terms
4260:Dependent territory
4106:Autonomous province
4036:Resort municipality
4011:County municipality
3798:Overseas department
3745:Metropolitan county
3558:Unincorporated area
2996:The Size of Nations
2701:on 19 February 2018
2554:2013GComp...7..556R
2263:on 13 December 2011
2019:22 May 2018 at the
1504:on 18 February 2011
1292:. pp. 44â112.
997:See the following:
938:See the following:
796:Dependent territory
671:government-in-exile
354:Constitutive theory
216:Peace of Westphalia
99:dependent territory
5253:Electoral district
4570:Federal dependency
4398:Free economic zone
4282:Overseas territory
4165:Development region
4048:Rural municipality
3981:Indian reservation
3873:Municipal district
3831:Electoral district
3671:Free imperial city
3359:Civilization state
2950:10.1111/misr.12099
2562:10.1111/gec3.12065
624:Yugoslav collapses
535:
472:, a move that the
401:Declarative theory
389:L. F. L. Oppenheim
369:Congress of Vienna
285:equality of states
240:self-determination
60:defines sovereign
5284:International law
5271:
5270:
5226:
5225:
5222:
5221:
4802:
4801:
4798:
4797:
4794:
4793:
4790:
4789:
4454:
4453:
4450:
4449:
4368:Territorial unit
4265:Federal territory
4243:Capital territory
4148:Autonomous region
4112:Overseas province
4006:City municipality
3897:Service district
3893:Sanitary district
3883:Regional district
3868:Military district
3725:Autonomous county
3658:Incorporated city
3462:
3461:
3444:Territorial state
3218:978-90-411-1890-5
3159:978-0-231-53930-2
3142:, pp. 15â24.
3130:Crawford, James.
3123:Chen, Ti-chiang.
3089:978-0-521-82892-5
2896:978-0-486-11900-7
2759:A. James (1986).
2589:978-0-19-826002-8
2542:Geography Compass
2514:978-1-349-58924-1
2475:978-0-87722-264-4
2401:978-0-19-987491-0
2346:on 25 August 2018
2227:978-0-19-826837-6
2187:978-83-7383-964-9
1949:978-90-411-1409-9
1891:– via SSRN.
1818:978-1-58477-609-3
1773:978-1-85941-050-9
1684:978-3-540-25695-3
1648:978-0-521-82761-4
1421:978-90-411-0412-0
1332:978-0-691-00711-3
1307:978-0-19-924839-1
1054:978-0-19-517077-1
966:Article 1 of the
961:978-0-5215-3183-2
946:International law
861:Stateless society
825:by formation date
801:Exclusive mandate
656:in his 1987 book
654:Peter Katzenstein
448:State recognition
411:By contrast, the
348:international law
281:absolute immunity
250:international law
190:international law
178:indigenous people
165:
164:
157:
58:International law
36:sovereign country
18:Sovereign country
16:(Redirected from
5301:
4859:Regierungsbezirk
4819:
4818:
4808:
4807:
4471:
4470:
4460:
4459:
4422:Free speech zone
4328:Charter township
4081:Super-prefecture
3925:Special district
3836:Federal district
3816:Capital district
3780:Overseas country
3653:Independent city
3624:Imperial capital
3563:Unorganized area
3533:
3532:
3522:
3521:
3518:
3517:
3505:
3504:
3489:
3482:
3475:
3466:
3465:
3344:Capitalist state
3320:
3313:
3306:
3297:
3296:
3292:
3284:
3205:
3184:
3163:
3120:
3118:
3093:
3064:
3062:
3060:
3023:
3022:
3020:
3018:
2990:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2979:
2960:
2954:
2953:
2933:
2927:
2926:
2924:
2922:
2907:
2901:
2900:
2868:
2862:
2856:
2843:
2842:
2830:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2819:
2813:
2807:. Archived from
2782:
2773:
2764:
2757:
2751:
2745:
2717:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2706:
2700:
2685:
2676:
2670:
2669:
2663:
2655:
2627:
2621:
2620:
2605:Applied Ontology
2600:
2594:
2593:
2575:
2566:
2565:
2537:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2498:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2487:
2459:
2453:
2452:
2424:
2418:
2417:
2415:
2413:
2385:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2374:
2362:
2356:
2355:
2353:
2351:
2335:
2329:
2328:
2326:
2324:
2305:
2299:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2279:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2262:
2247:
2238:
2232:
2231:
2205:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2194:
2171:
2165:
2152:
2146:
2140:
2134:
2128:
2122:
2121:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2084:
2078:
2077:
2061:
2055:
2049:
2043:
2030:
2024:
2011:
2005:
2000:
1994:
1989:
1983:
1976:
1970:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1929:
1923:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1899:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1868:
1862:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1829:
1823:
1822:
1802:
1796:
1784:
1778:
1777:
1757:
1748:
1724:
1718:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1662:
1653:
1652:
1626:
1620:
1619:
1604:The Muslim World
1599:
1593:
1592:
1580:
1574:
1573:
1571:
1569:
1563:
1547:
1541:
1540:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1477:
1470:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1407:
1401:
1398:
1392:
1391:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1343:
1337:
1336:
1318:
1312:
1311:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1259:
1253:
1252:
1224:
1218:
1217:
1189:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1156:
1150:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1113:
1107:
1106:
1098:
1089:
1086:
1061:
1036:
1031:
1029:
1009:
995:
989:
986:
973:
949:
936:
930:
929:
909:
791:Associated state
779:
774:
773:
765:
760:
759:
742:Size of Nations,
677:State extinction
553:Second World War
492:Turkish Cypriots
439:Opinions of the
301:, Chief Justice
293:suprema potestas
248:norms of modern
160:
153:
149:
146:
140:
117:
109:
21:
5309:
5308:
5304:
5303:
5302:
5300:
5299:
5298:
5274:
5273:
5272:
5267:
5248:Census division
5218:
5092:
4813:
4786:
4737:Imperial Circle
4695:
4465:
4446:
4440:Free-trade zone
4378:
4352:
4343:Survey township
4314:
4291:
4287:Union territory
4229:
4224:Sovereign state
4189:
4180:Overseas region
4124:
4092:
4057:
3992:
3983:(United States)
3969:
3960:Police division
3955:Census division
3941:
3913:School district
3878:Police district
3802:
3784:
3766:
3706:
3683:
3678:Royal free city
3643:Autonomous city
3629:
3618:Federal capital
3604:
3590:
3567:
3527:
3512:
3499:
3493:
3463:
3458:
3439:Sovereign state
3330:
3324:
3267:Wayback Machine
3248:Wayback Machine
3237:
3202:
3181:
3160:
3127:. London, 1951.
3090:
3072:
3070:Further reading
3067:
3058:
3056:
3032:
3027:
3026:
3016:
3014:
3007:
2991:
2987:
2977:
2975:
2962:
2961:
2957:
2934:
2930:
2920:
2918:
2909:
2908:
2904:
2897:
2869:
2865:
2857:
2846:
2831:
2827:
2817:
2815:
2814:on 3 March 2016
2811:
2780:
2774:
2767:
2758:
2754:
2718:
2714:
2704:
2702:
2698:
2683:
2677:
2673:
2657:
2656:
2628:
2624:
2601:
2597:
2590:
2576:
2569:
2538:
2534:
2524:
2522:
2515:
2499:
2495:
2485:
2483:
2476:
2460:
2456:
2425:
2421:
2411:
2409:
2402:
2386:
2382:
2372:
2370:
2363:
2359:
2349:
2347:
2336:
2332:
2322:
2320:
2307:
2306:
2302:
2292:
2290:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2266:
2264:
2260:
2245:
2239:
2235:
2228:
2206:
2202:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2172:
2168:
2162:Wayback Machine
2153:
2149:
2141:
2137:
2129:
2125:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2086:
2085:
2081:
2062:
2058:
2050:
2046:
2040:Wayback Machine
2031:
2027:
2021:Wayback Machine
2012:
2008:
2001:
1997:
1990:
1986:
1977:
1973:
1961:
1957:
1950:
1930:
1926:
1916:
1914:
1901:
1900:
1896:
1886:
1884:
1869:
1865:
1855:
1853:
1846:
1830:
1826:
1819:
1803:
1799:
1785:
1781:
1774:
1758:
1751:
1746:Wayback Machine
1738:, page 135-136
1725:
1721:
1716:Wayback Machine
1696:
1692:
1685:
1663:
1656:
1649:
1627:
1623:
1600:
1596:
1581:
1577:
1567:
1565:
1561:
1549:
1548:
1544:
1521:
1517:
1507:
1505:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1481:
1479:
1475:
1468:
1464:
1463:
1459:
1449:
1447:
1434:
1433:
1429:
1422:
1408:
1404:
1399:
1395:
1379:
1375:
1344:
1340:
1333:
1319:
1315:
1308:
1286:
1282:
1272:
1270:
1261:
1260:
1256:
1225:
1221:
1190:
1186:
1157:
1153:
1143:
1141:
1134:
1114:
1110:
1099:
1092:
1055:
1039:
1027:
1025:
1012:
1000:
996:
992:
977:
962:
937:
933:
910:
906:
901:
896:
891:
846:Nation-building
811:Federated state
775:
768:
763:Politics portal
761:
754:
751:
738:Alberto Alesina
733:
717:
700:
688:
679:
667:
637:
611:
527:
456:
450:
409:
403:
356:
331:
325:
224:Lassa Oppenheim
204:
198:
183:Currently, the
170:nomadic peoples
161:
150:
144:
141:
130:
118:
107:
32:sovereign state
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5307:
5297:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5269:
5268:
5266:
5265:
5260:
5255:
5250:
5245:
5240:
5231:
5228:
5227:
5224:
5223:
5220:
5219:
5217:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5171:
5170:
5169:
5164:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5145:
5144:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5106:
5100:
5098:
5094:
5093:
5091:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5075:
5074:
5073:
5063:
5058:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5013:
5008:
5007:
5006:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4965:
4964:
4956:
4951:
4950:
4949:
4944:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4910:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4825:
4823:
4815:
4814:
4804:
4803:
4800:
4799:
4796:
4795:
4792:
4791:
4788:
4787:
4785:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4759:
4754:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4703:
4701:
4697:
4696:
4694:
4693:
4688:
4687:
4686:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4655:
4654:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4593:
4592:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4551:
4550:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4499:
4498:
4488:
4483:
4477:
4475:
4467:
4466:
4456:
4455:
4452:
4451:
4448:
4447:
4445:
4444:
4443:
4442:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4418:
4417:
4410:Exclusion zone
4407:
4406:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4389:Economic zone
4386:
4384:
4380:
4379:
4377:
4376:
4375:
4374:
4366:
4360:
4358:
4354:
4353:
4351:
4350:
4348:Urban township
4345:
4340:
4338:Paper township
4335:
4333:Civil township
4330:
4324:
4322:
4316:
4315:
4313:
4312:
4307:
4301:
4299:
4293:
4292:
4290:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4278:
4277:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4256:
4255:
4250:
4239:
4237:
4231:
4230:
4228:
4227:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4199:
4197:
4191:
4190:
4188:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4161:
4160:
4153:Capital region
4150:
4145:
4144:
4143:
4134:
4132:
4126:
4125:
4123:
4122:
4119:Roman province
4115:
4108:
4102:
4100:
4094:
4093:
4091:
4090:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4067:
4065:
4059:
4058:
4056:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4044:
4043:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4002:
4000:
3994:
3993:
3991:
3990:
3987:Indian reserve
3984:
3977:
3975:
3971:
3970:
3968:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3951:
3949:
3943:
3942:
3940:
3939:
3937:Urban district
3934:
3933:
3932:
3922:
3921:
3920:
3910:
3909:
3908:
3903:
3895:
3890:
3888:Rural district
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3864:
3863:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3812:
3810:
3804:
3803:
3801:
3800:
3794:
3792:
3786:
3785:
3783:
3782:
3776:
3774:
3768:
3767:
3765:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3753:
3752:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3716:
3714:
3708:
3707:
3705:
3704:
3699:
3693:
3691:
3685:
3684:
3682:
3681:
3674:
3667:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3639:
3637:
3631:
3630:
3628:
3627:
3620:
3614:
3612:
3606:
3605:
3600:
3598:
3592:
3591:
3589:
3588:
3583:
3581:County borough
3577:
3575:
3569:
3568:
3566:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3539:
3537:
3529:
3528:
3514:
3513:
3501:
3500:
3492:
3491:
3484:
3477:
3469:
3460:
3459:
3457:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3335:
3332:
3331:
3323:
3322:
3315:
3308:
3300:
3294:
3293:
3276:
3270:
3257:
3251:
3236:
3235:External links
3233:
3232:
3231:
3221:
3206:
3200:
3185:
3179:
3164:
3158:
3143:
3128:
3121:
3109:(2): 291â308.
3094:
3088:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3065:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3025:
3024:
3005:
2985:
2955:
2928:
2902:
2895:
2863:
2844:
2825:
2791:(3): 461â489.
2765:
2752:
2728:(4): 439â466.
2712:
2671:
2638:(2): 311â344.
2622:
2611:(2): 109â125.
2595:
2588:
2567:
2548:(8): 556â566.
2532:
2513:
2493:
2474:
2454:
2435:(2): 117â136.
2419:
2400:
2380:
2357:
2330:
2300:
2274:
2233:
2226:
2200:
2186:
2166:
2147:
2135:
2123:
2101:
2079:
2056:
2044:
2025:
2006:
1995:
1984:
1971:
1955:
1948:
1924:
1894:
1863:
1844:
1824:
1817:
1797:
1779:
1772:
1749:
1728:Yoram Dinstein
1719:
1690:
1683:
1654:
1647:
1621:
1610:(3): 405â418.
1594:
1575:
1542:
1531:(5): 463â469.
1515:
1489:
1457:
1427:
1420:
1402:
1393:
1373:
1354:(4): 645â664.
1338:
1331:
1313:
1306:
1280:
1269:. 26 June 1945
1254:
1219:
1184:
1171:(2): 133â151.
1151:
1132:
1126:. p. 64.
1108:
1090:
1088:
1087:
1073:(1): 178â185.
1062:
1053:
1037:
1010:
990:
988:
987:
975:
960:
931:
920:(2): 353â368.
903:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
889:
884:
878:
876:Princely state
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
782:
781:
780:
766:
750:
747:
732:
729:
716:
713:
699:
696:
687:
684:
678:
675:
666:
663:
650:semi-sovereign
636:
633:
526:
516:
449:
446:
405:Main article:
402:
399:
355:
352:
324:
321:
200:Main article:
197:
194:
163:
162:
121:
119:
112:
106:
103:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5306:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5281:
5279:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5238:
5237:
5235:
5229:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5159:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5143:
5140:
5139:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5101:
5099:
5095:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5072:
5069:
5068:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5005:
5002:
5001:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4963:
4960:
4959:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4939:
4938:Kommun/Kunta
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4889:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4826:
4824:
4820:
4816:
4809:
4805:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4762:Roman diocese
4760:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4750:
4748:
4745:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4704:
4702:
4698:
4692:
4689:
4685:
4682:
4681:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4653:
4650:
4649:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4602:Neighbourhood
4600:
4598:
4595:
4591:
4588:
4587:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4549:
4546:
4545:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4497:
4494:
4493:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4481:Alpine resort
4479:
4478:
4476:
4472:
4468:
4461:
4457:
4441:
4438:
4437:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4416:
4413:
4412:
4411:
4408:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4390:
4388:
4387:
4385:
4381:
4373:
4370:
4369:
4367:
4365:
4364:Regional unit
4362:
4361:
4359:
4355:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4325:
4323:
4321:
4317:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4302:
4300:
4298:
4294:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4276:
4273:
4272:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4245:
4244:
4241:
4240:
4238:
4236:
4232:
4226:
4225:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4213:Federal state
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4200:
4198:
4196:
4192:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4159:
4156:
4155:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4142:
4139:
4138:
4136:
4135:
4133:
4131:
4127:
4121:
4120:
4116:
4114:
4113:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4103:
4101:
4099:
4095:
4089:
4088:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4076:Subprefecture
4074:
4072:
4069:
4068:
4066:
4064:
4060:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4042:
4039:
4038:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4003:
4001:
3999:
3995:
3988:
3985:
3982:
3979:
3978:
3976:
3972:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3952:
3950:
3948:
3944:
3938:
3935:
3931:
3928:
3927:
3926:
3923:
3919:
3916:
3915:
3914:
3911:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3898:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3862:
3859:
3858:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3846:Land district
3844:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3821:City district
3819:
3817:
3814:
3813:
3811:
3809:
3805:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3791:
3787:
3781:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3773:
3769:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3751:
3748:
3747:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3717:
3715:
3713:
3709:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3694:
3692:
3690:
3686:
3680:
3679:
3675:
3673:
3672:
3668:
3666:
3665:
3664:Imperial city
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3640:
3638:
3636:
3632:
3626:
3625:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3615:
3613:
3611:
3607:
3603:
3599:
3597:
3593:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3578:
3576:
3574:
3570:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3540:
3538:
3534:
3530:
3523:
3519:
3515:
3511:
3510:English terms
3506:
3502:
3498:
3490:
3485:
3483:
3478:
3476:
3471:
3470:
3467:
3455:
3454:Welfare state
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3369:Confederation
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3336:
3333:
3329:
3321:
3316:
3314:
3309:
3307:
3302:
3301:
3298:
3290:
3289:
3283:
3282:"State"
3277:
3274:
3271:
3268:
3264:
3261:
3258:
3255:
3252:
3249:
3245:
3242:
3239:
3238:
3230:
3226:
3222:
3219:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3201:9781349860760
3197:
3193:
3192:
3186:
3182:
3180:9781107609433
3176:
3172:
3171:
3165:
3161:
3155:
3151:
3150:
3144:
3141:
3140:0-19-825402-4
3137:
3133:
3129:
3126:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3095:
3091:
3085:
3081:
3080:
3074:
3073:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3041:
3035:
3034:
3012:
3008:
3006:9780262012041
3002:
2999:. MIT Press.
2998:
2997:
2989:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2959:
2951:
2947:
2944:(1): 79â106.
2943:
2939:
2932:
2916:
2912:
2906:
2898:
2892:
2888:
2884:
2883:
2876:
2872:
2867:
2860:
2855:
2853:
2851:
2849:
2840:
2836:
2829:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2798:
2794:
2790:
2786:
2779:
2772:
2770:
2762:
2756:
2749:
2743:
2739:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2716:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2682:
2675:
2667:
2661:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2633:
2626:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2599:
2591:
2585:
2581:
2574:
2572:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2536:
2520:
2516:
2510:
2506:
2505:
2497:
2481:
2477:
2471:
2467:
2466:
2458:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2430:
2423:
2407:
2403:
2397:
2393:
2392:
2384:
2368:
2361:
2345:
2341:
2334:
2318:
2315:. July 2008.
2314:
2310:
2304:
2288:
2284:
2278:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2244:
2237:
2229:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2204:
2189:
2183:
2179:
2178:
2170:
2163:
2159:
2156:
2151:
2144:
2139:
2132:
2127:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2105:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2083:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2060:
2053:
2048:
2041:
2037:
2034:
2029:
2022:
2018:
2015:
2010:
2004:
1999:
1993:
1988:
1981:
1975:
1968:
1964:
1959:
1951:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1936:
1928:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1898:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1867:
1851:
1847:
1845:9781107609433
1841:
1837:
1836:
1828:
1820:
1814:
1810:
1809:
1801:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1783:
1775:
1769:
1765:
1764:
1756:
1754:
1747:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1736:0-7923-0450-0
1733:
1729:
1723:
1717:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1707:92-3-102716-6
1704:
1700:
1694:
1686:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1661:
1659:
1650:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1625:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1598:
1590:
1586:
1579:
1560:
1556:
1555:www.ohchr.org
1552:
1546:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1519:
1503:
1499:
1493:
1474:
1467:
1461:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1431:
1423:
1417:
1413:
1406:
1397:
1389:
1385:
1377:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1342:
1334:
1328:
1324:
1317:
1309:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1284:
1268:
1264:
1258:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1223:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1188:
1179:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1155:
1139:
1135:
1133:9781107609433
1129:
1125:
1121:
1120:
1112:
1104:
1097:
1095:
1085:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1063:
1060:
1056:
1050:
1046:
1045:
1040:"sovereign",
1038:
1035:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1004:
999:
998:
994:
985:
981:
976:
972:
969:
963:
957:
953:
948:
947:
940:
939:
935:
927:
923:
919:
915:
908:
904:
888:
885:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
866:Unitary state
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
826:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
783:
778:
772:
767:
764:
758:
753:
746:
743:
739:
728:
726:
722:
712:
708:
706:
705:Documentality
695:
693:
683:
674:
672:
662:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
631:
629:
625:
621:
617:
612:
609:
607:
606:post-colonial
603:
597:
595:
594:
589:
584:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
541:
531:
524:
520:
515:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
488:
483:
477:
475:
471:
467:
462:
455:
445:
443:
442:
437:
432:
429:
425:
423:
418:
414:
408:
397:
392:
390:
385:
381:
379:
374:
370:
365:
361:
351:
349:
344:
341:
335:
330:
320:
317:
311:
308:
304:
303:John Marshall
300:
299:
294:
290:
286:
282:
277:
275:
271:
265:
261:
259:
255:
251:
247:
246:
241:
236:
234:
230:
225:
219:
217:
213:
209:
203:
193:
191:
186:
181:
179:
175:
171:
159:
156:
148:
138:
134:
128:
127:
122:This section
120:
116:
111:
110:
102:
100:
96:
92:
88:
87:
82:
78:
74:
69:
67:
63:
59:
55:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
5233:
5154:Maalaiskunta
5114:Heerlijkheid
4954:LĂ€n (Sweden)
4622:Protectorate
4617:Principality
4538:Constituency
4427:Neutral zone
4223:
4222:
4117:
4110:
4085:
3998:Municipality
3676:
3669:
3662:
3648:Charter city
3622:
3553:Special area
3543:Insular area
3438:
3424:Principality
3414:Pariah state
3399:Nation state
3364:Client state
3286:
3224:
3209:
3190:
3169:
3148:
3131:
3124:
3106:
3102:
3078:
3057:. Retrieved
3039:
3015:. Retrieved
2995:
2988:
2976:. Retrieved
2967:
2958:
2941:
2937:
2931:
2919:. Retrieved
2905:
2881:
2874:
2866:
2861:, p. 71
2838:
2834:
2828:
2818:16 September
2816:. Retrieved
2809:the original
2788:
2784:
2760:
2755:
2725:
2721:
2715:
2703:. Retrieved
2696:the original
2691:
2687:
2674:
2660:cite journal
2635:
2631:
2625:
2608:
2604:
2598:
2579:
2545:
2541:
2535:
2523:. Retrieved
2503:
2496:
2484:. Retrieved
2464:
2457:
2432:
2428:
2422:
2410:. Retrieved
2390:
2383:
2371:. Retrieved
2369:. EurasiaNet
2360:
2348:. Retrieved
2344:the original
2333:
2321:. Retrieved
2303:
2291:. Retrieved
2277:
2265:. Retrieved
2258:the original
2253:
2249:
2236:
2209:
2203:
2191:. Retrieved
2176:
2169:
2150:
2138:
2126:
2113:
2104:
2091:
2082:
2069:
2059:
2047:
2028:
2009:
1998:
1987:
1974:
1958:
1934:
1927:
1915:. Retrieved
1906:
1897:
1885:. Retrieved
1883:(3): 400â410
1880:
1876:
1866:
1854:. Retrieved
1834:
1827:
1807:
1800:
1789:
1782:
1762:
1722:
1698:
1693:
1666:
1630:
1624:
1607:
1603:
1597:
1588:
1578:
1566:. Retrieved
1554:
1545:
1528:
1524:
1518:
1506:. Retrieved
1502:the original
1492:
1480:. Retrieved
1460:
1448:. Retrieved
1439:
1430:
1411:
1405:
1396:
1387:
1383:
1376:
1351:
1347:
1341:
1322:
1316:
1289:
1283:
1271:. Retrieved
1266:
1257:
1232:
1228:
1222:
1197:
1193:
1187:
1168:
1164:
1154:
1142:. Retrieved
1118:
1111:
1102:
1082:
1070:
1066:
1058:
1041:
1033:
1026:, retrieved
1017:
1006:
1002:
993:
983:
979:
965:
945:
934:
917:
913:
907:
806:Failed state
777:World portal
741:
734:
723:philosopher
718:
709:
701:
689:
680:
668:
657:
649:
645:
641:
638:
613:
610:
599:
591:
587:
585:
580:
576:
568:
548:
544:
538:
536:
522:
518:
478:
466:seized power
457:
438:
433:
430:
426:
412:
410:
394:
386:
382:
378:great powers
359:
357:
345:
340:Czechoslovak
336:
332:
312:
296:
292:
278:
269:
266:
262:
243:
237:
220:
208:nation-state
205:
182:
166:
151:
142:
131:Please help
126:verification
123:
84:
70:
56:
46:or ultimate
35:
31:
29:
5294:Sovereignty
5149:Landskommun
5041:SavivaldybÄ
4907:Switzerland
4902:South Tyrol
4782:Viceroyalty
4575:Governorate
4533:Condominium
4436:Trade zone
4310:Market town
4305:Census town
4203:Proto-state
4175:Microregion
3740:County town
3735:County seat
3602:Half-canton
3409:Quasi-state
3059:17 November
3017:16 November
2978:16 November
2921:17 November
2785:Geopolitics
1907:www.oas.org
1508:21 November
1482:21 November
1450:21 November
1028:21 February
1014:"sovereign"
871:Quasi-state
725:Georg Hegel
692:ontological
575:to be only
565:Axis powers
510:(OTS), the
506:(ECO), the
502:(OIC), the
323:Recognition
229:H. V. Evatt
44:sovereignty
5278:Categories
5097:Historical
5061:ShahrestÄn
5004:Autonomous
4752:Presidency
4700:Historical
4669:Suzerainty
4652:Autonomous
4496:Autonomous
4218:Free state
4208:City-state
4170:Mesoregion
4063:Prefecture
3790:Department
3434:Rump state
3384:Federation
3354:City-state
2193:5 February
1965:, p.
1390:: 85â142 .
1144:19 January
894:References
593:EurasiaNet
590:state for
452:See also:
327:See also:
289:Jean Bodin
245:jus cogens
5138:Landskap
5134:LÀn/LÀÀni
5088:Vingtaine
5056:Seniƫnija
5046:Selsoviet
5021:Poblacion
4958:Landskap
4888:Gemeinde
4879:Freguesia
4834:Apskritis
4757:Residency
4722:Exarchate
4664:Sultanate
4555:Eldership
4486:Bailiwick
4235:Territory
4185:Subregion
3930:in the US
3762:Viscounty
3689:Community
3326:Types of
3208:RaiÄ, D.
3049:43450205M
2748:full text
2742:145248100
2449:153926665
2373:4 January
2350:4 January
2323:4 January
2293:4 January
2267:4 January
1963:Shaw 2003
1856:13 August
1368:150817547
1249:145809847
899:Citations
514:, etc.).
387:In 1912,
373:Final Act
218:in 1648.
52:territory
48:authority
5239:See also
4974:Maakunta
4969:LocalitĂ
4914:Gemeente
4874:Frazione
4844:Barangay
4674:Townland
4612:Precinct
4597:Muftiate
4548:District
4508:Cadastre
4320:Township
4098:Province
3989:(Canada)
3947:Division
3808:District
3429:Republic
3419:Politeia
3349:Chiefdom
3263:Archived
3244:Archived
3053:Archived
3011:Archived
2972:Archived
2915:Archived
2805:67844415
2519:Archived
2480:Archived
2406:Archived
2317:Archived
2287:Archived
2158:Archived
2118:Archived
2096:Archived
2074:Archived
2036:Archived
2017:Archived
1917:11 March
1911:Archived
1850:Archived
1742:Archived
1712:Archived
1559:Archived
1537:25722375
1473:Archived
1444:Archived
1214:26626701
1138:Archived
1022:archived
926:24357595
749:See also
721:Idealist
646:de facto
588:de facto
577:de facto
569:de facto
545:de facto
519:De facto
461:Rhodesia
276:]."
145:May 2023
5234:italics
5194:Satrapy
5179:Pargana
5104:Commote
4962:Finland
4942:Finland
4934:Kampong
4924:Hromada
4897:Germany
4892:Austria
4864:Comarca
4822:Current
4777:Tithing
4747:Monthon
4732:Hundred
4679:Village
4632:Regency
4627:Quarter
4560:Emirate
4528:Commune
4518:Circuit
4474:Current
3772:Country
3610:Capital
3573:Borough
3449:Warlord
3394:Kingdom
3389:Khanate
3030:Sources
2652:3877860
2550:Bibcode
2525:7 March
2486:7 March
2412:7 March
1568:2 March
1273:2 March
581:de jure
549:de jure
540:de jure
523:de jure
305:of the
231:of the
105:History
97:, or a
95:England
86:country
50:over a
5209:Syssel
5199:Socken
5167:Greece
5142:Sweden
5129:Korale
5124:Köping
5119:Komunë
5083:Tehsil
4999:Oblast
4947:Sweden
4869:Comune
4854:Bezirk
4849:Bashki
4839:Bakhsh
4712:Barony
4707:Agency
4684:Summer
4647:Sector
4642:Riding
4607:Parish
4580:Hamlet
4523:Colony
4513:Circle
4491:Banner
4130:Region
3712:County
3596:Canton
3379:Empire
3216:
3198:
3177:
3156:
3138:
3086:
3047:
3003:
2893:
2803:
2740:
2705:6 June
2650:
2586:
2511:
2472:
2447:
2398:
2224:
2184:
2114:Justia
2092:Justia
1946:
1887:19 May
1842:
1815:
1793:p. 128
1770:
1734:
1705:
1681:
1645:
1535:
1418:
1366:
1329:
1304:
1247:
1212:
1130:
1051:
958:
924:
620:Soviet
561:Allies
525:states
371:, the
364:person
256:, the
252:. The
91:polity
62:states
5204:Subah
5189:Rreth
5184:PlasÄ
5174:Pagus
5162:Egypt
5158:Nome
5078:SĂœsla
5071:China
5051:Sitio
5036:Raion
5026:Purok
5016:OstÄn
5011:Okrug
4989:Mukim
4984:Muban
4979:Megye
4929:JudeÈ
4919:Gmina
4772:Tenth
4742:March
4717:Burgh
4659:Shire
4590:Royal
4585:Manor
4543:Duchy
4503:Block
4195:State
3374:Duchy
3328:state
3275:(PDF)
2812:(PDF)
2801:S2CID
2781:(PDF)
2738:S2CID
2699:(PDF)
2684:(PDF)
2648:JSTOR
2445:S2CID
2261:(PDF)
2246:(PDF)
2131:ECtHR
2052:ECtHR
1562:(PDF)
1533:JSTOR
1476:(PDF)
1469:(PDF)
1364:S2CID
1245:S2CID
1210:JSTOR
922:JSTOR
272:[
40:state
38:is a
5214:Zhou
5031:Qark
4767:Seat
4727:Hide
4691:Ward
4383:Zone
4357:Unit
4297:Town
3635:City
3536:Area
3214:ISBN
3196:ISBN
3175:ISBN
3154:ISBN
3136:ISBN
3084:ISBN
3061:2017
3019:2016
3001:ISBN
2980:2016
2923:2016
2891:ISBN
2841:(2).
2820:2014
2707:2013
2666:link
2584:ISBN
2527:2022
2509:ISBN
2488:2022
2470:ISBN
2414:2022
2396:ISBN
2375:2024
2352:2010
2325:2010
2295:2010
2269:2010
2222:ISBN
2195:2024
2182:ISBN
1944:ISBN
1919:2015
1889:2020
1858:2015
1840:ISBN
1813:ISBN
1768:ISBN
1732:ISBN
1703:ISBN
1679:ISBN
1643:ISBN
1591:(1).
1570:2021
1510:2010
1484:2010
1452:2010
1416:ISBN
1327:ISBN
1302:ISBN
1275:2024
1146:2018
1128:ISBN
1049:ISBN
1042:The
1030:2010
956:ISBN
690:The
622:and
604:and
543:and
521:and
487:TRNC
396:Law.
358:The
5109:Gau
5066:Sum
4829:Amt
3111:doi
2946:doi
2793:doi
2730:doi
2640:doi
2613:doi
2558:doi
2437:doi
2214:doi
2014:BBC
1967:369
1671:doi
1635:doi
1612:doi
1356:doi
1294:doi
1237:doi
1202:doi
1173:doi
1075:doi
952:178
628:NKR
346:In
135:by
34:or
5280::
5236:.
4884:Fu
3285:.
3107:46
3105:.
3101:.
3051:.
3045:OL
3009:.
2966:.
2942:16
2940:.
2889:.
2887:39
2847:^
2839:10
2837:.
2799:.
2789:19
2787:.
2783:.
2768:^
2736:.
2724:.
2690:.
2686:.
2662:}}
2658:{{
2636:58
2634:.
2607:.
2570:^
2556:.
2544:.
2517:.
2478:.
2443:.
2431:.
2404:.
2311:.
2252:.
2248:.
2220:.
2116:.
2112:.
2094:.
2090:.
2072:.
2068:.
1942:.
1940:77
1909:.
1905:.
1881:52
1879:.
1875:.
1848:.
1752:^
1677:.
1669:.
1657:^
1641:.
1608:97
1606:.
1587:.
1557:.
1553:.
1529:49
1527:.
1438:.
1388:31
1386:.
1362:.
1352:27
1350:.
1300:.
1265:.
1243:.
1233:22
1231:.
1208:.
1198:22
1196:.
1169:57
1167:.
1163:.
1136:.
1122:.
1093:^
1081:.
1069:.
1057:,
1032:,
1016:,
964:.
954:.
918:48
916:.
555:,
424:.
380:.
101:.
68:.
54:.
30:A
3488:e
3481:t
3474:v
3319:e
3312:t
3305:v
3204:.
3183:.
3162:.
3119:.
3113::
3092:.
3063:.
3021:.
2982:.
2952:.
2948::
2925:.
2899:.
2822:.
2795::
2750:)
2746:(
2744:.
2732::
2726:2
2709:.
2692:1
2668:)
2654:.
2642::
2619:.
2615::
2609:5
2592:.
2564:.
2560::
2552::
2546:7
2529:.
2490:.
2451:.
2439::
2433:2
2416:.
2377:.
2354:.
2327:.
2297:.
2271:.
2254:3
2230:.
2216::
2197:.
1982:.
1969:.
1952:.
1921:.
1860:.
1821:.
1795:.
1776:.
1687:.
1673::
1651:.
1637::
1618:.
1614::
1572:.
1539:.
1512:.
1486:.
1454:.
1424:.
1370:.
1358::
1335:.
1310:.
1296::
1277:.
1251:.
1239::
1216:.
1204::
1181:.
1175::
1148:.
1077::
1071:3
974:.
928:.
827:)
823:(
158:)
152:(
147:)
143:(
129:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
