4974:
5031:
4917:
4863:
4833:
386:
There existed several dialects of Judeo-Portuguese divided into 2 categories referred to as
Peninsular Judeo-Portuguese and Emigre Judeo-Portuguese, though the differences between them are unclear.
4544:
4851:
370:.During the 15th century several texts including one about medical astrology and a prayer book. Even until today is it still used liturgically but only by a very small number of people.
4868:
2094:
4828:
378:
The decline of Judeo-Portuguese would begin with the introduction of public schooling. Eventually declining to home use before finally only being used liturgically.
4312:
2237:
2106:
2193:
1084:
4767:
2118:
2058:
2210:
4884:
2082:
2070:
4896:
4257:
4217:
4391:
1937:
4856:
4667:
5072:
2328:
4958:
1136:
4727:
4447:
5015:
4539:
4290:
4586:
4435:
1311:
5096:
4652:
4295:
2779:
2265:
1286:
945:
2711:
5121:
2514:
2509:
4482:
4250:
2453:
2341:
2002:
1301:
1296:
346:
The earliest known text containing Judeo-Portuguese text is a manuscript from 1262 about illuminating manuscripts called
2614:
2504:
5091:
4802:
4576:
2729:
354:
and Judeo-Portuguese would intake a lot of Dutch influence. This same exodus would cause the language to spread to the
4549:
4423:
3568:
1930:
1847:
1058:
4559:
5126:
5101:
4503:
3628:
2099:
5141:
5065:
4629:
4581:
4569:
4564:
4440:
4396:
4371:
2916:
2521:
2321:
2028:
1701:
1361:
897:
299:
before the 16th century and also in many places of the
Portuguese Jewish diaspora. Its texts were written in the
1081:
5106:
4951:
4657:
4608:
4525:
4498:
4401:
4386:
4243:
3716:
3617:
1129:
3587:
5131:
4752:
4477:
4472:
4462:
3524:
3202:
1958:
1886:
358:
community. It would go extinct in the early 19th century, though since then has only been used liturgically.
355:
366:
The oldest text containing Judeo-Portuguese is a manuscript from 1262 about illuminating manuscripts called
5116:
5111:
4818:
4554:
4508:
4418:
4300:
1923:
1716:
1306:
1291:
3651:
3054:
5008:
4533:
4092:
3530:
2499:
2428:
2149:
1880:
1401:
902:
5058:
4823:
4784:
3813:
3385:
2820:
2378:
2314:
2164:
1366:
1271:
4944:
4762:
4457:
4430:
3400:
3312:
2921:
2762:
2477:
2406:
2388:
2371:
2366:
2356:
1265:
1260:
1122:
130:
110:
4105:
4009:
2882:
2830:
2609:
2557:
2290:
2159:
1579:
1547:
993:
4603:
1988:
1339:
1093:
316:
As
Portuguese Jews intermarried with other expelled Sephardim, the language influenced the nearby
5136:
4792:
4591:
4492:
3473:
3064:
3018:
2899:
2872:
2811:
2748:
2694:
2401:
2361:
2242:
2033:
1973:
1693:
1594:
1442:
1247:
135:
125:
100:
3069:
5001:
4695:
4191:
3407:
2825:
2771:
2423:
2111:
2048:
140:
2198:
1099:
Menasseh Ben Israel de la fragilidad humana y inclinacion del hombre al peccado. Parte primera
4685:
4662:
4618:
4223:
4168:
3974:
3969:
3622:
3600:
3491:
3419:
3242:
2904:
2667:
2285:
2232:
1983:
1890:
1876:
1423:
1376:
1356:
1349:
1334:
1329:
1321:
1153:
1098:
3887:
2855:
5046:
4989:
4932:
4173:
3947:
3563:
3536:
3462:
3322:
3121:
3049:
3001:
2995:
2958:
2941:
2280:
2205:
2135:
2123:
2063:
2013:
1837:
1788:
1620:
3957:
3370:
2438:
8:
4406:
3658:
3550:
3518:
3512:
3133:
3093:
3059:
2887:
2651:
2275:
2227:
2215:
2183:
2169:
1946:
1827:
1381:
1371:
334:
326:
having survived in everyday usage in the diaspora until the late 18th/early 19th century.
321:
268:
206:
145:
3921:
3354:
3029:
2963:
4163:
3892:
3748:
3706:
3672:
3666:
3556:
3499:
3456:
3439:
3177:
3170:
3006:
2794:
2735:
2591:
2579:
2458:
2396:
2270:
2222:
2087:
2075:
2053:
1978:
1968:
1762:
1754:
1682:
1614:
1489:
1451:
1417:
1344:
350:. After the Jewish exodus from Portugal in 1497 many Portuguese Jews would flee to the
4518:
3941:
2433:
1654:
5038:
4889:
4774:
4380:
4120:
4099:
4019:
3979:
3838:
3766:
3760:
3684:
3486:
3427:
3339:
3297:
3098:
3044:
2850:
2835:
2806:
2789:
2699:
2662:
2631:
2619:
2538:
2526:
2443:
2418:
2412:
2337:
2306:
1857:
1843:
1809:
1054:
120:
3962:
2931:
2909:
2038:
836:
Judeo-Portuguese has influenced several languages. These include Balkan dialects of
4677:
4073:
4063:
4048:
4036:
3952:
3901:
3865:
3843:
3830:
3824:
3753:
3742:
3646:
3611:
3595:
3444:
3432:
3365:
3329:
3317:
3285:
3210:
3182:
3155:
2985:
2980:
2968:
2948:
2936:
2877:
2784:
2741:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2636:
2567:
2551:
2448:
1817:
1774:
1769:
1758:
1737:
1726:
1675:
1499:
1464:
1427:
1278:
1255:
1208:
1145:
1072:
1026:
105:
76:
3848:
3798:
949:
4757:
4690:
4411:
4305:
4157:
4143:
4024:
3926:
3916:
3860:
3711:
3699:
3639:
3634:
3449:
3378:
3360:
3334:
3307:
3237:
3194:
3106:
3087:
3039:
2926:
2892:
2845:
2840:
2562:
2494:
2466:
2023:
1833:
1823:
1813:
1600:
1518:
1479:
1233:
1228:
1213:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1162:
1088:
917:
276:
272:
264:
210:
92:
3160:
5042:
4985:
4928:
4924:
4744:
4715:
4705:
4624:
4275:
4266:
4208:
4115:
4110:
4031:
3911:
3873:
3605:
3165:
3111:
3081:
2973:
2657:
2585:
2531:
1906:
1637:
1627:
1588:
1523:
1223:
1218:
837:
351:
310:
195:
3254:
5085:
4596:
4513:
4360:
4353:
4150:
4053:
4041:
3773:
3481:
3138:
3076:
2572:
1868:
1784:
1731:
1721:
1711:
1607:
1537:
1510:
1412:
1407:
1192:
922:
317:
300:
292:
213:
65:
16:
Extinct language spoken by
Sephardi Jews in Portugal before the 16th century
4722:
3932:
3792:
3232:
3187:
1661:
1106:
202:
4467:
4235:
3994:
3987:
3724:
3290:
1853:
1647:
1529:
49:
4332:
3259:
2295:
4732:
4452:
4346:
3302:
3272:
3264:
3220:
3215:
2865:
2624:
2018:
1780:
330:
1915:
1108:
Old
Portuguese in Hebrew Script: Convention, Contact, and Convivência.
4325:
4068:
3906:
3248:
2543:
1706:
1555:
1504:
1484:
912:
907:
305:
238:
226:
5030:
3694:
4981:
4973:
4318:
4284:
3853:
3689:
3505:
2953:
2801:
1560:
1114:
296:
280:
45:
4058:
1397:
4710:
4339:
3677:
3542:
3280:
2704:
2689:
2043:
1632:
1565:
1494:
1460:
61:
57:
53:
4864:
Foundation for the
Advancement of Sephardic Studies and Culture
3879:
3225:
3148:
3128:
2860:
69:
972:
A língua que falamos: português, história, variação e discurso
4634:
3143:
3116:
1469:
1082:
Thesouro dos Dinim, a halakhic work (annotated transcription)
115:
4797:
4916:
725:
1094:
Thesouro dos Dinim, a halakhic work (partial facsimile)
2336:
85:
fewer than 2,000 users in a limited liturgical context
3028:
1051:
Jewish and Non-Jewish
Creators of "Jewish" Languages
712:
691:
670:
649:
628:
607:
586:
565:
544:
523:
502:
481:
1111:
Ph.D. dissertation, Cornell
University, Ithaca, NY.
818:
5083:
33:
27:
885:To all our brethren confined by the Inquistion
831:
324:made Judeo-Portuguese go extinct in Portugal,
5066:
5009:
4952:
4251:
2322:
1931:
1130:
881:A todos nossos Irmãos, prezos pela Inquisição
4668:Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries
706:
685:
664:
643:
622:
601:
580:
559:
538:
517:
496:
475:
4218:languages with more than 5 million speakers
812:
5073:
5059:
5016:
5002:
4959:
4945:
4265:
4258:
4244:
3801:(mixed Romani–Ibero- and Occitano-Romance)
2329:
2315:
1938:
1924:
1137:
1123:
453:
790:
1945:
389:
5084:
991:
970:Silva, Luiz Antônio da (org.) (2005).
4653:History of the Jews under Muslim rule
4239:
2310:
2266:Geographic distribution of Portuguese
1919:
1118:
974:. Rio de Janeiro: Globo. p. 212.
969:
726:Influences from Judaeo-Spanish/Ladino
5025:
4968:
4911:
1144:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1013:
987:
985:
983:
981:
940:
938:
4852:Caracas Center of Sephardic Studies
2133:Portuguese language Outside Brazil:
707:
686:
665:
644:
623:
602:
581:
560:
539:
518:
497:
476:
34:
13:
4803:Sephardim and Oriental Communities
4222:Languages between parentheses are
856:Judeo Portuguese (transliterated)
719:central platform in the synagogue
381:
14:
5153:
4102:(unknown further classification)
1010:
978:
935:
368:O livro de como se fazem as cores
348:O livro de como se fazem as cores
5029:
4972:
4915:
1053:. Wiesbaden. 2006. p. 466.
946:"Significado de judeo-português"
329:Judeo-Portuguese influenced the
4869:Institute for Sephardic Studies
1105:Strolovitch, Devon L. (2005)
1077:Jewish Language Research Center
898:History of the Jews in Portugal
320:. Close similarity to Standard
4658:Antisemitism in the Arab world
4226:of the language on their left.
4096:(Western Romance-based pidgin)
1043:
963:
843:
286:
1:
1887:Algerian Jewish Sign Language
928:
361:
5097:Jews and Judaism in Portugal
5045:. You can help Knowledge by
4988:. You can help Knowledge by
4931:. You can help Knowledge by
4819:American Sephardi Federation
4812:Major communal organizations
992:Toledo, Selin (2018-10-27).
832:Influence on other languages
82:estimated early 19th century
7:
5122:Extinct languages of Europe
4534:Western Europe and overseas
4093:Mediterranean Lingua Franca
903:Spanish and Portuguese Jews
891:
819:
713:
692:
671:
650:
629:
608:
587:
566:
545:
524:
503:
482:
183:Peninsular Judeo-Portuguese
10:
5158:
5024:
4967:
4910:
4824:Sephardi Community Council
3795:(mixed Portuguese–Spanish)
2821:Gallo-Italic of Basilicata
2615:Central−Southern Calabrian
1272:Jewish Palestinian Aramaic
373:
341:
5092:Extinct Romance languages
4877:
4844:
4829:World Sephardi Federation
4811:
4783:
4743:
4676:
4645:
4370:
4274:
4200:
4184:
4135:
4084:
4008:
3812:
3785:
3734:
3586:
3472:
3418:
3399:
3350:
3017:
2770:
2761:
2722:
2602:
2487:
2476:
2387:
2349:
2258:
2178:
2144:
1997:
1953:
1900:
1867:
1802:
1747:
1717:Judaeo-Hamedani–Borujerdi
1692:
1578:
1546:
1459:
1450:
1441:
1390:
1320:
1246:
1201:
1170:
1161:
1152:
813:
291:It was the vernacular of
236:
224:
219:
192:
177:
89:
75:
41:
26:
21:
4923:This article related to
3103:North American dialects
2610:Extreme Southern Italian
739:Judaeo-Spanish (Ladino)
5127:Sephardi Jewish culture
5102:Judeo-Romance languages
4313:Expulsion from Portugal
2522:Central−Northern Latian
1848:Portuguese-based Creole
994:"Ladino's Lost Sibling"
698:blessing over the wine
186:Emigre Judeo-Portuguese
5142:Romance language stubs
4984:-related article is a
2826:Gallo-Italic of Sicily
454:Influences from Hebrew
28:
5107:Languages of Portugal
4663:Antisemitism in Islam
4381:Eastern Mediterranean
3313:Poitevin–Saintongeais
2286:Portuguese vocabulary
2034:Florianopolitan/Manês
1891:village sign language
1877:Israeli Sign Language
791:Influences from Greek
275:that was used by the
5132:Jewish history stubs
4768:Sephardi chief rabbi
4745:Religion and culture
4301:Expulsion from Spain
3122:St. Marys Bay French
2646:Neapolitan–Calabrese
2281:Portuguese phonology
2049:North Coast/Cearense
2029:Central Northeastern
1727:Judaeo-Yazdi–Kermani
1367:Judaeo-Tripolitanian
598:ראש השנה/roš hašaná
390:Portuguese archaisms
5117:Portuguese dialects
5112:Portuguese language
5037:This article about
3474:Galician–Portuguese
2500:Central Marchigiano
2276:Portuguese diaspora
1947:Portuguese language
864:או ליברו די מג׳יקה
849:
306:aljamiado português
269:Galician-Portuguese
207:Portuguese alphabet
146:Galician-Portuguese
3888:Catalan Ribagorçan
3735:Pyrenean–Mozarabic
3007:Judaeo-Piedmontese
2917:Bustocco–Legnanese
2712:Northern Calabrian
2271:Brazilian diaspora
2071:Curitibano/Sulista
1755:Jewish Koine Greek
1615:Judaeo-Piedmontese
1362:Judaeo-Palestinian
1202:Reading traditions
1087:2011-09-27 at the
1073:Judaeo-Portuguese
1027:"Judeo-Portuguese"
872:The Book of Magic
848:
840:, and Portuguese.
733:Judaeo-Portuguese
400:Modern Portuguese
397:Judaeo-Portuguese
5054:
5053:
5039:Romance languages
4997:
4996:
4940:
4939:
4905:
4904:
4701:Judaeo-Portuguese
4233:
4232:
4209:extinct languages
4131:
4130:
3808:
3807:
3767:Navarro-Aragonese
3652:Peruvian Ribereño
3577:Judaeo-Portuguese
3492:Galician–Asturian
3395:
3394:
3386:Old Gallo-Romance
3340:Wisconsin Walloon
2757:
2756:
2730:Dalmatian Romance
2338:Romance languages
2304:
2303:
2250:Judaeo-Portuguese
2186:
2152:
2005:
1961:
1913:
1912:
1907:extinct languages
1844:Judaeo-Papiamento
1798:
1797:
1738:Judaeo-Golpaygani
1669:Judaeo-Portuguese
1574:
1573:
1437:
1436:
1242:
1241:
889:
888:
868:O Livro De Magica
853:Judeo Portuguese
829:
828:
798:Judeo-Portuguese
788:
787:
764:Deus (arch. Deo)
723:
722:
509:Religious School
461:Judeo-Portuguese
451:
450:
257:Jewish-Portuguese
253:Judaeo-Portuguese
250:
249:
151:Judaeo-Portuguese
22:Judaeo-Portuguese
5149:
5075:
5068:
5061:
5033:
5026:
5018:
5011:
5004:
4976:
4969:
4961:
4954:
4947:
4919:
4912:
4893:
4860:
4837:
4763:Rite and customs
4736:
4619:Crypto-Sephardim
4260:
4253:
4246:
4237:
4236:
3754:Judaeo-Aragonese
3743:Andalusi Romance
3596:Amazonic Spanish
3433:Western Asturian
3416:
3415:
3355:Franco-Provençal
3026:
3025:
2922:Comasco–Lecchese
2780:Emilian–Romagnol
2768:
2767:
2568:Regional Italian
2558:Italo-Australian
2485:
2484:
2407:Megleno-Romanian
2331:
2324:
2317:
2308:
2307:
2246:
2219:
2202:
2182:
2148:
2127:
2115:
2103:
2091:
2079:
2067:
2001:
1957:
1940:
1933:
1926:
1917:
1916:
1824:Judaeo-Malayalam
1676:Judaeo-Aragonese
1655:Judaeo-Provençal
1601:Judaeo-Livornese
1457:
1456:
1448:
1447:
1168:
1167:
1159:
1158:
1146:Jewish languages
1139:
1132:
1125:
1116:
1115:
1065:
1064:
1047:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1037:
1031:Jewish Languages
1023:
1008:
1007:
1005:
1004:
989:
976:
975:
967:
961:
960:
958:
957:
948:. Archived from
942:
850:
847:
822:
816:
815:
804:English meaning
795:
794:
742:English meaning
730:
729:
716:
710:
709:
695:
689:
688:
674:
668:
667:
653:
647:
646:
632:
626:
625:
614:Jewish New Year
611:
605:
604:
590:
584:
583:
569:
563:
562:
548:
542:
541:
527:
521:
520:
506:
500:
499:
485:
479:
478:
467:English meaning
458:
457:
403:English meaning
394:
393:
338:
327:
267:or a dialect of
263:, is an extinct
261:Judaeo-Lusitanic
229:
198:
95:
83:
37:
36:
31:
19:
18:
5157:
5156:
5152:
5151:
5150:
5148:
5147:
5146:
5082:
5081:
5080:
5079:
5023:
5022:
4966:
4965:
4908:
4906:
4901:
4887:
4885:Philosephardism
4873:
4854:
4840:
4831:
4807:
4779:
4739:
4730:
4691:Sephardi Hebrew
4672:
4641:
4366:
4306:Alhambra Decree
4270:
4267:Sephardi Jewish
4264:
4234:
4229:
4196:
4180:
4158:Pannonian Latin
4144:African Romance
4127:
4080:
4011:
4004:
3942:Judeo-Provençal
3815:
3804:
3781:
3730:
3640:Chilean Chilote
3582:
3468:
3409:
3405:
3402:
3391:
3379:Moselle Romance
3346:
3195:Missouri French
3156:Franco-Ontarian
3031:
3020:
3013:
2753:
2718:
2695:Southern Latian
2598:
2563:Maltese Italian
2495:Central Italian
2479:
2472:
2467:Common Romanian
2383:
2367:Italo-Dalmatian
2345:
2335:
2305:
2300:
2254:
2240:
2213:
2196:
2180:
2174:
2146:
2140:
2121:
2109:
2097:
2095:Serra amazônica
2085:
2073:
2061:
1999:
1993:
1955:
1949:
1944:
1914:
1909:
1896:
1863:
1834:Judaeo-Georgian
1794:
1743:
1688:
1570:
1542:
1524:Judaeo-Alsatian
1433:
1386:
1377:Judaeo-Tunisian
1357:Judaeo-Moroccan
1350:Judaeo-Baghdadi
1335:Judaeo-Egyptian
1330:Judaeo-Algerian
1316:
1307:Lishanid Noshan
1238:
1197:
1148:
1143:
1089:Wayback Machine
1069:
1068:
1061:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1035:
1033:
1025:
1024:
1011:
1002:
1000:
990:
979:
968:
964:
955:
953:
944:
943:
936:
931:
918:Pallache family
894:
846:
834:
793:
728:
535:מִצְוָה/micvá
456:
419:angora/אנגורהا
392:
384:
382:Characteristics
376:
364:
344:
328:
325:
289:
273:Hebrew alphabet
271:written in the
265:Jewish language
225:
211:Hebrew alphabet
199:
194:
173:
111:Latino-Faliscan
96:
93:Language family
91:
84:
81:
35:יהודי-פורטוגזית
32:
29:Judeu-Português
17:
12:
11:
5:
5155:
5145:
5144:
5139:
5137:Portugal stubs
5134:
5129:
5124:
5119:
5114:
5109:
5104:
5099:
5094:
5078:
5077:
5070:
5063:
5055:
5052:
5051:
5034:
5021:
5020:
5013:
5006:
4998:
4995:
4994:
4977:
4964:
4963:
4956:
4949:
4941:
4938:
4937:
4925:Jewish history
4920:
4903:
4902:
4900:
4899:
4897:Sephardization
4894:
4881:
4879:
4875:
4874:
4872:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4848:
4846:
4842:
4841:
4839:
4838:
4826:
4821:
4815:
4813:
4809:
4808:
4806:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4793:Black Panthers
4789:
4787:
4781:
4780:
4778:
4777:
4772:
4771:
4770:
4760:
4755:
4749:
4747:
4741:
4740:
4738:
4737:
4725:
4720:
4719:
4718:
4716:Tetuani Ladino
4713:
4706:Judaeo-Spanish
4703:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4682:
4680:
4674:
4673:
4671:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4649:
4647:
4646:Modern history
4643:
4642:
4640:
4639:
4638:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4615:
4614:
4613:
4612:
4611:
4601:
4600:
4599:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4573:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4547:
4542:
4530:
4529:
4528:
4523:
4522:
4521:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4489:
4488:
4487:
4486:
4485:
4480:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4444:
4443:
4433:
4428:
4427:
4426:
4416:
4415:
4414:
4409:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4376:
4374:
4368:
4367:
4365:
4364:
4357:
4350:
4343:
4336:
4329:
4322:
4315:
4310:
4309:
4308:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4280:
4278:
4272:
4271:
4263:
4262:
4255:
4248:
4240:
4231:
4230:
4228:
4227:
4220:
4211:
4201:
4198:
4197:
4195:
4194:
4188:
4186:
4182:
4181:
4179:
4178:
4177:
4176:
4171:
4161:
4154:
4147:
4139:
4137:
4133:
4132:
4129:
4128:
4126:
4125:
4124:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4097:
4088:
4086:
4082:
4081:
4079:
4078:
4077:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4046:
4045:
4044:
4039:
4029:
4028:
4027:
4016:
4014:
4006:
4005:
4003:
4002:
4001:
4000:
3999:
3998:
3984:
3983:
3982:
3977:
3967:
3966:
3965:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3938:
3937:
3936:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3909:
3899:
3898:
3897:
3896:
3895:
3890:
3882:
3877:
3874:Judaeo-Catalan
3870:
3869:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3857:
3856:
3851:
3841:
3833:
3820:
3818:
3810:
3809:
3806:
3805:
3803:
3802:
3796:
3789:
3787:
3783:
3782:
3780:
3779:
3778:
3777:
3763:
3758:
3757:
3756:
3746:
3738:
3736:
3732:
3731:
3729:
3728:
3721:
3720:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3703:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3681:
3680:
3663:
3662:
3661:
3656:
3655:
3654:
3644:
3643:
3642:
3629:Latin American
3625:
3620:
3608:
3606:Judaeo-Spanish
3603:
3598:
3592:
3590:
3584:
3583:
3581:
3580:
3573:
3572:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3560:
3559:
3547:
3546:
3545:
3533:
3528:
3521:
3509:
3502:
3497:
3496:
3495:
3484:
3478:
3476:
3470:
3469:
3467:
3466:
3459:
3454:
3453:
3452:
3442:
3437:
3436:
3435:
3424:
3422:
3413:
3397:
3396:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3389:
3382:
3375:
3374:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3351:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3344:
3343:
3342:
3337:
3327:
3326:
3325:
3320:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3294:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3277:
3276:
3269:
3268:
3267:
3257:
3252:
3235:
3230:
3229:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3208:
3207:
3206:
3199:
3198:
3197:
3192:
3191:
3190:
3180:
3175:
3174:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3152:
3151:
3146:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3125:
3124:
3119:
3101:
3096:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3073:
3072:
3067:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3036:
3034:
3023:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3011:
3010:
3009:
2999:
2992:
2991:
2990:
2989:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2977:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2945:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2919:
2914:
2913:
2912:
2897:
2896:
2895:
2890:
2875:
2870:
2869:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2817:
2816:
2815:
2814:
2809:
2799:
2798:
2797:
2792:
2776:
2774:
2765:
2759:
2758:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2751:
2749:Judaeo-Italian
2746:
2745:
2744:
2739:
2726:
2724:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2715:
2714:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2686:
2685:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2643:
2642:
2641:
2640:
2639:
2629:
2628:
2627:
2617:
2606:
2604:
2600:
2599:
2597:
2596:
2595:
2594:
2582:
2577:
2576:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2548:
2547:
2546:
2536:
2535:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2518:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2491:
2489:
2482:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2470:
2463:
2462:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2409:
2404:
2402:Istro-Romanian
2399:
2393:
2391:
2385:
2384:
2382:
2381:
2376:
2375:
2374:
2369:
2359:
2353:
2351:
2350:Major branches
2347:
2346:
2342:classification
2334:
2333:
2326:
2319:
2311:
2302:
2301:
2299:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2262:
2260:
2256:
2255:
2253:
2252:
2247:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2208:
2203:
2190:
2188:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2156:
2154:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2138:
2129:
2128:
2116:
2104:
2092:
2080:
2068:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2009:
2007:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1965:
1963:
1951:
1950:
1943:
1942:
1935:
1928:
1920:
1911:
1910:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1895:
1894:
1884:
1873:
1871:
1869:Sign languages
1865:
1864:
1862:
1861:
1851:
1841:
1831:
1821:
1806:
1804:
1800:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1793:
1792:
1785:Judaeo-Marathi
1778:
1766:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1744:
1742:
1741:
1734:
1732:Judaeo-Kashani
1729:
1724:
1722:Judaeo-Shirazi
1719:
1714:
1712:Judaeo-Persian
1709:
1704:
1698:
1696:
1694:Judaeo-Iranian
1690:
1689:
1687:
1686:
1679:
1672:
1665:
1658:
1651:
1644:
1643:
1642:
1641:
1640:
1628:Judaeo-Spanish
1625:
1624:
1623:
1618:
1611:
1608:Judaeo-Mantuan
1604:
1595:Judaeo-Italian
1592:
1589:Judaeo-Catalan
1584:
1582:
1580:Judaeo-Romance
1576:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1552:
1550:
1548:Jewish English
1544:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1535:
1534:
1533:
1526:
1516:
1515:
1514:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1476:
1474:
1454:
1445:
1439:
1438:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1431:
1421:
1405:
1394:
1392:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1353:
1352:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1326:
1324:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1283:
1282:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1252:
1250:
1248:Judaeo-Aramaic
1244:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1174:
1172:
1165:
1156:
1150:
1149:
1142:
1141:
1134:
1127:
1119:
1113:
1112:
1103:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1079:
1067:
1066:
1059:
1042:
1009:
977:
962:
933:
932:
930:
927:
926:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
893:
890:
887:
886:
883:
878:
874:
873:
870:
865:
861:
860:
857:
854:
845:
842:
833:
830:
827:
826:
823:
810:
806:
805:
802:
799:
792:
789:
786:
785:
782:
779:
776:
772:
771:
768:
765:
762:
758:
757:
754:
751:
748:
744:
743:
740:
737:
734:
727:
724:
721:
720:
717:
704:
700:
699:
696:
683:
679:
678:
675:
662:
661:קְהִלָה/kejlá
658:
657:
654:
641:
637:
636:
633:
620:
616:
615:
612:
599:
595:
594:
591:
578:
574:
573:
570:
557:
553:
552:
549:
536:
532:
531:
528:
515:
511:
510:
507:
494:
490:
489:
486:
473:
469:
468:
465:
462:
455:
452:
449:
448:
445:
442:
438:
437:
434:
431:
427:
426:
423:
420:
416:
415:
412:
409:
405:
404:
401:
398:
391:
388:
383:
380:
375:
372:
363:
360:
356:Turkish Jewish
352:Dutch Republic
343:
340:
311:Latin alphabet
288:
285:
248:
247:
242:
234:
233:
230:
222:
221:
220:Language codes
217:
216:
200:
196:Writing system
193:
190:
189:
188:
187:
184:
179:
175:
174:
172:
171:
170:
169:
168:
167:
166:
165:
164:
163:
162:
161:
160:
159:
158:
157:
156:
155:
154:
153:
99:
97:
90:
87:
86:
79:
73:
72:
43:
42:Native to
39:
38:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5154:
5143:
5140:
5138:
5135:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5108:
5105:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5089:
5087:
5076:
5071:
5069:
5064:
5062:
5057:
5056:
5050:
5048:
5044:
5040:
5035:
5032:
5028:
5027:
5019:
5014:
5012:
5007:
5005:
5000:
4999:
4993:
4991:
4987:
4983:
4978:
4975:
4971:
4970:
4962:
4957:
4955:
4950:
4948:
4943:
4942:
4936:
4934:
4930:
4926:
4921:
4918:
4914:
4913:
4909:
4898:
4895:
4891:
4886:
4883:
4882:
4880:
4876:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4858:
4853:
4850:
4849:
4847:
4843:
4835:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4816:
4814:
4810:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4790:
4788:
4786:
4782:
4776:
4773:
4769:
4766:
4765:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4750:
4748:
4746:
4742:
4734:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4708:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4683:
4681:
4679:
4675:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4650:
4648:
4644:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4630:Belmonte Jews
4628:
4626:
4623:
4622:
4621:
4620:
4616:
4610:
4607:
4606:
4605:
4602:
4598:
4597:Paradesi Jews
4595:
4594:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4571:
4570:New Amsterdam
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4552:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4537:
4536:
4535:
4531:
4527:
4524:
4520:
4517:
4516:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4496:
4495:
4494:
4490:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4475:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4442:
4439:
4438:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4425:
4422:
4421:
4420:
4417:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4404:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4384:
4383:
4382:
4378:
4377:
4375:
4373:
4369:
4363:
4362:
4361:New Christian
4358:
4356:
4355:
4354:Maghrebi Jews
4351:
4349:
4348:
4344:
4342:
4341:
4337:
4335:
4334:
4330:
4328:
4327:
4323:
4321:
4320:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4307:
4304:
4303:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4286:
4282:
4281:
4279:
4277:
4273:
4268:
4261:
4256:
4254:
4249:
4247:
4242:
4241:
4238:
4225:
4221:
4219:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4206:
4203:
4202:
4199:
4193:
4192:Proto-Romance
4190:
4189:
4187:
4185:Reconstructed
4183:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4166:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4159:
4155:
4153:
4152:
4151:British Latin
4148:
4146:
4145:
4141:
4140:
4138:
4134:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4095:
4094:
4090:
4089:
4087:
4083:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4051:
4050:
4047:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4034:
4033:
4030:
4026:
4023:
4022:
4021:
4018:
4017:
4015:
4013:
4007:
3997:
3996:
3992:
3991:
3990:
3989:
3985:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3972:
3971:
3970:Vivaro-Alpine
3968:
3964:
3961:
3960:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3943:
3939:
3935:
3934:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3914:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3904:
3903:
3900:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3885:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3875:
3871:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3846:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3836:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3828:
3827:
3826:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3817:
3811:
3800:
3797:
3794:
3791:
3790:
3788:
3784:
3776:
3775:
3774:Old Navarrese
3771:
3770:
3769:
3768:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3755:
3752:
3751:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3744:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3733:
3727:
3726:
3722:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3679:
3676:
3675:
3674:
3671:
3670:
3669:
3668:
3664:
3660:
3657:
3653:
3650:
3649:
3648:
3645:
3641:
3638:
3637:
3636:
3633:
3632:
3631:
3630:
3626:
3624:
3623:Equatoguinean
3621:
3619:
3616:
3615:
3614:
3613:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3593:
3591:
3589:
3585:
3579:
3578:
3574:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3558:
3555:
3554:
3553:
3552:
3548:
3544:
3541:
3540:
3539:
3538:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3526:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3516:
3515:
3514:
3510:
3508:
3507:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3493:
3490:
3489:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3479:
3477:
3475:
3471:
3465:
3464:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3451:
3448:
3447:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3434:
3431:
3430:
3429:
3426:
3425:
3423:
3421:
3417:
3414:
3411:
3404:
3398:
3388:
3387:
3383:
3381:
3380:
3376:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3352:
3349:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3332:
3331:
3328:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3315:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3275:
3274:
3270:
3266:
3263:
3262:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3246:
3245:
3244:
3241:
3240:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3213:
3212:
3209:
3205:
3204:
3200:
3196:
3193:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3141:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3114:
3113:
3110:
3109:
3108:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3091:
3090:
3089:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3077:Frainc-Comtou
3075:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3062:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3033:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3016:
3008:
3005:
3004:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2997:
2993:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2961:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2924:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2911:
2908:
2907:
2906:
2903:
2902:
2901:
2898:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2885:
2884:
2881:
2880:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2873:Judeo-Italian
2871:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2838:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2803:
2800:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2786:
2783:
2782:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2773:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2760:
2750:
2747:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2737:
2733:
2732:
2731:
2728:
2727:
2725:
2721:
2713:
2710:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2684:
2681:
2680:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2668:Castelmezzano
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2654:
2653:
2649:
2648:
2647:
2644:
2638:
2635:
2634:
2633:
2630:
2626:
2623:
2622:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2612:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2601:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2588:
2587:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2574:
2573:Swiss Italian
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2555:
2554:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2542:
2541:
2540:
2537:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2502:
2501:
2498:
2497:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2475:
2469:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2454:Transylvanian
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2415:
2414:
2413:Daco-Romanian
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2392:
2390:
2386:
2380:
2377:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2364:
2363:
2362:Italo-Western
2360:
2358:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2348:
2343:
2339:
2332:
2327:
2325:
2320:
2318:
2313:
2312:
2309:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2257:
2251:
2248:
2244:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2217:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2200:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2185:
2177:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2160:East Timorese
2158:
2157:
2155:
2151:
2143:
2137:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2117:
2113:
2108:
2105:
2101:
2096:
2093:
2089:
2084:
2081:
2077:
2072:
2069:
2065:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2004:
1996:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1960:
1952:
1948:
1941:
1936:
1934:
1929:
1927:
1922:
1921:
1918:
1908:
1904:
1899:
1892:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1859:
1855:
1852:
1849:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1801:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1746:
1740:
1739:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1699:
1697:
1695:
1691:
1685:
1684:
1680:
1678:
1677:
1673:
1671:
1670:
1666:
1664:
1663:
1662:Judaeo-Gascon
1659:
1657:
1656:
1652:
1650:
1649:
1645:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1629:
1626:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1603:
1602:
1598:
1597:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1577:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1545:
1539:
1538:Scots-Yiddish
1536:
1532:
1531:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1520:
1517:
1513:
1512:
1511:Klezmer-loshn
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1443:Indo-European
1440:
1429:
1425:
1424:Judaeo-Berber
1422:
1419:
1415:
1414:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1383:
1382:Judaeo-Yemeni
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1372:Judaeo-Syrian
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1322:Judaeo-Arabic
1319:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1281:
1280:
1276:
1275:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1245:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1140:
1135:
1133:
1128:
1126:
1121:
1120:
1117:
1110:
1109:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1071:
1070:
1062:
1060:3-447-05404-2
1056:
1052:
1046:
1032:
1028:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1014:
999:
995:
988:
986:
984:
982:
973:
966:
952:on 2016-03-03
951:
947:
941:
939:
934:
924:
923:Judeo-Spanish
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
895:
884:
882:
879:
876:
875:
871:
869:
866:
863:
862:
858:
855:
852:
851:
841:
839:
824:
821:
811:
808:
807:
803:
800:
797:
796:
783:
780:
777:
774:
773:
769:
766:
763:
760:
759:
755:
752:
749:
746:
745:
741:
738:
735:
732:
731:
718:
715:
705:
702:
701:
697:
694:
684:
681:
680:
677:congregation
676:
673:
663:
660:
659:
655:
652:
642:
639:
638:
634:
631:
621:
618:
617:
613:
610:
609:rosh hashanah
600:
597:
596:
592:
589:
579:
576:
575:
571:
568:
558:
555:
554:
551:commandments
550:
547:
537:
534:
533:
530:ritual bread
529:
526:
516:
514:מַצָּה/macá
513:
512:
508:
505:
495:
493:ישיבה/ješiva
492:
491:
487:
484:
474:
471:
470:
466:
463:
460:
459:
446:
443:
440:
439:
435:
432:
429:
428:
424:
421:
418:
417:
413:
410:
408:algũa/אלגומה
407:
406:
402:
399:
396:
395:
387:
379:
371:
369:
359:
357:
353:
349:
339:
336:
332:
323:
319:
318:Judeo-Spanish
314:
312:
308:
307:
302:
301:Hebrew script
298:
294:
293:Sephardi Jews
284:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
246:
243:
241:
240:
235:
231:
228:
223:
218:
215:
214:Arabic script
212:
208:
204:
201:
197:
191:
185:
182:
181:
180:
176:
152:
149:
148:
147:
144:
143:
142:
139:
138:
137:
136:Ibero-Romance
134:
133:
132:
129:
128:
127:
126:Italo-Western
124:
123:
122:
119:
118:
117:
114:
113:
112:
109:
108:
107:
104:
103:
102:
101:Indo-European
98:
94:
88:
80:
78:
74:
71:
67:
66:North America
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
44:
40:
30:
25:
20:
5047:expanding it
5036:
4990:expanding it
4979:
4933:expanding it
4922:
4907:
4723:Judeo-Gascon
4700:
4696:Judeo-Arabic
4686:Judeo-Berber
4617:
4532:
4504:Gibraltarian
4493:North Africa
4491:
4483:Thessalonian
4379:
4359:
4352:
4345:
4338:
4331:
4324:
4317:
4291:Roman Empire
4283:
4213:
4204:
4156:
4149:
4142:
4091:
3993:
3986:
3948:Languedocien
3940:
3933:Judeo-Gascon
3931:
3872:
3823:
3793:Barranquenho
3772:
3765:
3741:
3723:
3665:
3627:
3610:
3601:Extremaduran
3576:
3575:
3549:
3535:
3523:
3511:
3504:
3461:
3420:Asturleonese
3384:
3377:
3335:West Walloon
3323:Saintongeais
3271:
3247:
3243:Anglo-Norman
3201:
3134:Newfoundland
3094:Jersey Legal
3086:
2994:
2959:Southwestern
2942:Vallassinese
2831:Gallo-Picene
2772:Gallo-Italic
2734:
2650:
2645:
2584:
2550:
2465:
2411:
2249:
2238:Transmontano
2132:
2012:
2003:Pan-American
1998:Pan-American
1974:Cape Verdean
1902:
1854:Judaeo-Malay
1768:
1736:
1681:
1674:
1668:
1667:
1660:
1653:
1648:Judaeo-Latin
1646:
1621:Judaeo-Roman
1613:
1606:
1599:
1587:
1528:
1509:
1468:
1411:
1402:Ethiosemitic
1345:Judaeo-Iraqi
1340:Judaeo-Fessi
1302:Lishán Didán
1297:Lishana Deni
1277:
1270:
1107:
1074:
1050:
1045:
1034:. Retrieved
1030:
1001:. Retrieved
997:
971:
965:
954:. Retrieved
950:the original
880:
867:
835:
682:קידוש/kiduš
640:צדקה/cedaká
577:ראשים/rašim
385:
377:
367:
365:
347:
345:
315:
304:
290:
260:
256:
252:
251:
244:
237:
150:
141:West Iberian
4888: [
4855: [
4832: [
4731: [
4453:Palestinian
4169:Campidanese
3995:Old Catalan
3988:Old Occitan
3725:Old Spanish
3659:Rioplatense
3463:Old Leonese
3291:Cotentinais
3255:Guernésiais
3178:Frenchville
3171:New England
3050:Bourbonnais
3002:Piedmontese
2996:Old Lombard
2888:Bergamasque
2812:Sammarinese
2241: [
2214: [
2197: [
2122: [
2110: [
2107:Brasiliense
2098: [
2086: [
2074: [
2062: [
1881:German Sign
1781:Judaeo-Urdu
1530:Lachoudisch
1154:Afroasiatic
844:Sample text
736:Portuguese
472:קדוש/kadoš
447:a, an, one
287:Description
50:Netherlands
5086:Categories
4436:Macedonian
4424:Alexandria
4372:Dispersion
4347:Megorashim
4326:Degredados
4296:Golden Age
4216:indicates
4174:Logudorese
3707:Philippine
3673:Andalusian
3667:Peninsular
3557:Estremenho
3513:Portuguese
3440:Cantabrian
3273:Law French
3265:Sercquiais
3099:Meridional
3060:Champenois
3055:Burgundian
2866:Tabarchino
2856:Monégasque
2795:Parmigiano
2652:Neapolitan
2625:Manduriano
2592:Florentine
2459:Wallachian
2429:Bukovinian
2233:Oliventine
2223:Estremenho
2054:Paulistano
2019:Amazofonia
1989:São Tomean
1984:Mozambican
1838:Kartvelian
1789:Indo-Aryan
1707:Judaeo-Tat
1036:2023-12-22
1003:2023-12-22
956:2023-05-23
929:References
825:synagogue
362:Literature
337:languages.
335:Saramaccan
331:Papiamento
322:Portuguese
4678:Languages
4625:Amazonian
4609:Livornese
4587:Hamburger
4431:Hungarian
4397:Bulgarian
4319:Conversos
4224:varieties
4207:indicate
4164:Sardinian
4121:Triestine
4069:Sursilvan
3980:Mentonasc
3958:Provençal
3907:Auvergnat
3893:Valencian
3849:Mallorcan
3839:Algherese
3814:Occitano-
3761:Navarrese
3749:Aragonese
3685:Castilian
3588:Castilian
3564:Uruguayan
3537:Brazilian
3500:Minderico
3494:/Eonavian
3457:Mirandese
3371:Valdôtain
3357:/Arpitan
3298:Orléanais
3249:Auregnais
3233:Mayennais
3183:Louisiana
3065:Ardennais
3045:Berrichon
2851:Intemelio
2807:Forlivese
2790:Bolognese
2736:Dalmatian
2700:Tarantino
2663:Benevento
2620:Salentino
2580:Sassarese
2544:Gallurese
2527:Romanesco
2480:Dalmatian
2444:Moldavian
2439:Maramureș
2397:Aromanian
2291:Phonology
2206:Alentejan
2136:Uruguayan
2119:Recifense
2059:Sertanejo
2014:Brazilian
1905:indicate
1828:Dravidian
1683:Zarphatic
1556:Yeshivish
1505:Udmurtish
1500:Ukrainish
1485:Galitzish
1209:Ashkenazi
913:Lusitanic
908:Lusophone
756:there is
703:טבה/tevá
635:Saturday
619:שבת/šabá
430:dous/דוס
309:) or the
239:Glottolog
227:ISO 639-3
4982:Portugal
4785:Politics
4565:Suriname
4540:American
4526:Tunisian
4514:Moroccan
4499:Algerian
4458:Romanian
4441:Monastir
4419:Egyptian
4412:Splicani
4402:Croatian
4387:Albanian
4340:Marranos
4333:Lançados
4285:Sepharad
4100:Venetian
4074:Vallader
4064:Surmiran
4037:Cadorino
4020:Friulian
3953:Limousin
3922:Béarnese
3884:Western
3866:Northern
3854:Menorcan
3844:Balearic
3835:Eastern
3831:dialects
3690:Castrapo
3647:Peruvian
3618:dialects
3551:European
3519:dialects
3506:Portugis
3487:Galician
3428:Asturian
3366:Savoyard
3318:Poitevin
3286:Cauchois
3260:Jèrriais
3107:Canadian
2986:Varesino
2981:Ticinese
2969:Novarese
2964:Cremunés
2954:Ossolano
2949:Milanese
2937:Lecchese
2905:Brianzöö
2836:Ligurian
2802:Romagnol
2683:Arianese
2678:Irpinian
2673:Cilentan
2637:Pantesco
2632:Sicilian
2603:Southern
2539:Corsican
2515:Macerata
2510:Fabriano
2449:Oltenian
2419:dialects
2379:Southern
2296:Portuñol
2259:See also
2228:Nortenho
2211:Algarvio
2194:Açoriano
2184:European
2179:European
1810:Krymchak
1763:Hellenic
1561:Yinglish
1465:dialects
1452:Germanic
1418:Cushitic
1312:Betanure
1279:Galilean
1266:Talmudic
1256:Biblical
1234:Tiberian
1229:Yemenite
1214:Sephardi
1188:Medieval
1183:Mishnaic
1178:Biblical
1085:Archived
892:See also
859:English
820:synagogē
814:συναγωγη
656:charity
651:tzedakah
603:ראש השנה
556:ראש/roš
540:מִצְוָה
441:hũa/הוא
297:Portugal
281:Portugal
178:Dialects
46:Portugal
4845:Studies
4775:Haredim
4753:Cuisine
4728:Bagitto
4711:Haketia
4604:Italian
4577:English
4560:Curaçao
4545:Antwerp
4519:Tetuani
4478:Rhodian
4463:Serbian
4448:Ottoman
4407:Ragusan
4392:Bosnian
4276:Origins
4205:Italics
4106:Chipilo
4049:Romansh
4012:Romance
4010:Rhaeto-
3975:Gardiol
3927:Landese
3917:Aranese
3902:Occitan
3861:Central
3825:Catalan
3816:Romance
3717:Creoles
3712:Saharan
3700:Murcian
3678:Llanito
3635:Chilean
3612:Spanish
3569:Creoles
3543:Mineiro
3525:African
3450:Riberan
3445:Leonese
3410:Iberian
3403:Romance
3330:Walloon
3303:Paydret
3281:Augeron
3221:Vosgien
3216:Gaumais
3211:Lorrain
3203:Creoles
3166:Muskrat
3112:Acadian
3040:Angevin
3030:Langues
3021:Romance
2927:Comasco
2900:Western
2893:Cremish
2883:Eastern
2878:Lombard
2846:Genoese
2841:Brigasc
2785:Emilian
2763:Western
2742:Istriot
2705:Vastese
2690:Molisan
2552:Italian
2488:Central
2434:Crișana
2389:Eastern
2372:Western
2357:Eastern
2083:Carioca
2044:Mineiro
2024:Caipira
1979:Guinean
1969:Angolan
1959:African
1954:African
1903:Italics
1858:Malayic
1770:Knaanic
1759:Yevanic
1702:Bukhori
1638:Tetuani
1633:Haketia
1566:Heblish
1519:Western
1495:Poylish
1490:Litvish
1480:Eastern
1461:Yiddish
1292:Hulaulá
1287:Barzani
1224:Italian
1219:Mizrahi
809:esnoga
693:kiddush
666:קְהִלָה
630:Shabbat
546:mitzvah
519:מַצָּה
504:yeshiva
464:Hebrew
411:alguma
374:Decline
342:History
131:Western
121:Romance
77:Extinct
62:England
58:Hamburg
54:Germany
4635:Xuetas
4592:Indian
4582:French
4509:Libyan
4468:Syrian
4269:topics
4136:Others
4116:Talian
4111:Fiuman
4085:Others
4025:Fornes
3963:Niçard
3912:Gascon
3880:Patuet
3786:Others
3695:Castúo
3401:Ibero-
3361:Faetar
3308:Picard
3238:Norman
3226:Welche
3149:Magoua
3139:Quebec
3129:Brayon
3088:French
3070:Rémois
3019:Gallo-
2974:Pavese
2932:Laghée
2910:Canzés
2861:Royasc
2723:Others
2658:Barese
2586:Tuscan
2532:Sabino
2505:Ancona
2478:Italo-
2039:Gaúcho
1818:Turkic
1814:Karaim
1803:Others
1775:Slavic
1748:Others
1470:argots
1428:Berber
1391:Others
1261:Targum
1193:Modern
1163:Hebrew
1057:
998:Medium
838:Ladino
801:Greek
784:hands
781:manos
775:manim
672:qehila
593:heads
588:rashim
525:matzah
483:kadosh
422:agora
106:Italic
70:Brazil
5041:is a
4980:This
4927:is a
4892:]
4878:Other
4859:]
4836:]
4758:Music
4735:]
4555:Aruba
4550:Dutch
4473:Greek
4059:Putèr
4054:Jauer
4042:Nones
4032:Ladin
3531:Asian
3188:Houma
3161:Métis
3144:Joual
3117:Chiac
3082:Gallo
3032:d'oïl
2424:Banat
2245:]
2218:]
2201:]
2170:Macau
2150:Asian
2145:Asian
2126:]
2114:]
2102:]
2090:]
2078:]
2066:]
1413:Qwara
1408:Kayla
1398:Geʽez
778:mãos
714:tevah
687:קידוש
582:ראשים
572:head
498:ישיבה
488:holy
433:dois
203:Latin
116:Latin
5043:stub
4986:stub
4929:stub
4798:Shas
4214:Bold
3799:Caló
3482:Fala
3408:West
2165:Goan
1171:Eras
1055:ISBN
877:N/A
770:God
767:Dio
761:Dio
645:צדקה
567:rosh
477:קדוש
444:uma
436:two
425:now
414:any
333:and
277:Jews
245:None
753:ay
750:há
747:aj
708:טבה
624:שבת
561:ראש
295:in
279:of
259:or
209:),
60:),
5088::
4890:es
4857:es
4834:he
4733:it
2243:pt
2216:pt
2199:pt
2124:pt
2112:pt
2100:pt
2088:pt
2076:pt
2064:pt
1812:,
1783:,
1757:,
1075:in
1029:.
1012:^
996:.
980:^
937:^
313:.
283:.
255:,
68:,
64:,
52:,
48:,
5074:e
5067:t
5060:v
5049:.
5017:e
5010:t
5003:v
4992:.
4960:e
4953:t
4946:v
4935:.
4259:e
4252:t
4245:v
3412:)
3406:(
2344:)
2340:(
2330:e
2323:t
2316:v
2187:)
2181:(
2153:)
2147:(
2016::
2006:)
2000:(
1962:)
1956:(
1939:e
1932:t
1925:v
1893:)
1889:(
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1860:)
1856:(
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1846:(
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1836:(
1830:)
1826:(
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1473:)
1467:/
1463:(
1430:)
1426:(
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1416:(
1410:/
1404:)
1400:(
1138:e
1131:t
1124:v
1063:.
1039:.
1006:.
959:.
817:/
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690:/
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648:/
627:/
606:/
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543:/
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