6078:
sunt Belgae, proptereá quod á cultú atque húmánitáte próvinciae longissimé absunt, miniméque ad eós mercátórés saepe commeant atque ea quae ad efféminandós animós pertinent important, proximíque sunt Germánís, quí tráns Rhénum incolunt, quibuscum continenter bellum gerunt. Quá dé causá Helvétií quoque reliquós Gallós virtúte praecédunt, quod feré cotídiánís proeliís cum Germánís contendunt, cum aut suís fínibus eós prohibent aut ipsí in eórum fínibus bellum gerunt. Eórum úna pars, quam Gallós obtinére dictum est, initium capit á flúmine Rhodanó, continétur Garumná flúmine, Óceanó, fínibus Belgárum; attingit etiam ab Séquanís et Helvétiís flúmen Rhénum; vergit ad septentriónés. Belgae ab extrémís
Galliae fínibus oriuntur; pertinent ad ínferiórem partem flúminis Rhéní; spectant in septentriónem et orientem sólem. Aquítánia á Garumná flúmine ad Pýrénaeós montés et eam partem Óceaní quae est ad Hispániam pertinet; spectat inter occásum sólis et septentriónés.
6065:
sunt Belgae, propterea quod a cultu atque humanitate provinciae longissime absunt, minimeque ad eos mercatores saepe commeant atque ea quae ad effeminandos animos pertinent important, proximique sunt
Germanis, qui trans Rhenum incolunt, quibuscum continenter bellum gerunt. Qua de causa Helvetii quoque reliquos Gallos virtute praecedunt, quod fere cotidianis proeliis cum Germanis contendunt, cum aut suis finibus eos prohibent aut ipsi in eorum finibus bellum gerunt. Eorum una pars, quam Gallos obtinere dictum est, initium capit a flumine Rhodano, continetur Garumna flumine, Oceano, finibus Belgarum; attingit etiam ab Sequanis et Helvetiis flumen Rhenum; vergit ad septentriones. Belgae ab extremis Galliae finibus oriuntur; pertinent ad inferiorem partem fluminis Rheni; spectant in septentrionem et orientem solem. Aquitania a Garumna flumine ad Pyrenaeos montes et eam partem Oceani quae est ad Hispaniam pertinet; spectat inter occasum solis et septentriones.
1262:
4541:
678:
1047:
984:
2093:
45:
1881:
319:
1167:
6105:
4092:
2337:
2311:
6119:
5718:
2173:
1767:
2371:
2403:
6091:
4455:
1369:. It also appears on the flags and seals of both houses of congress and the flags of the states of Michigan, North Dakota, New York, and Wisconsin. The motto's 13 letters symbolically represent the original Thirteen Colonies which revolted from the British Crown. The motto is featured on all presently minted coinage and has been featured in most coinage throughout the nation's history.
5628:, medicine, science and philosophy to Italy, paying almost any price to entice Greek skilled and educated persons to Rome and sending their youth to be educated in Greece. Thus, many Latin scientific and philosophical words were Greek loanwords or had their meanings expanded by association with Greek words, as
7255:
Meyer
Reinhold, Classica Americana: The Greek and Roman Heritage in the United States, p.27 (1984). Harvard's curriculum was patterned after those of Oxford and Cambridge, and the curricula of other Colonial colleges followed Harvard's. Lawrence A. Cremin, American Education: The Colonial Experience,
2184:
Throughout
European history, an education in the classics was considered crucial for those who wished to join literate circles. This also was true in the United States where many of the nation's founders obtained a classically based education in grammar schools or from tutors. Admission to Harvard in
995:
existed, that is from around 700 to 1500 AD. The spoken language had developed into the various
Romance languages; however, in the educated and official world, Latin continued without its natural spoken base. Moreover, this Latin spread into lands that had never spoken Latin, such as the Germanic and
685:
A number of phases of the language have been recognized, each distinguished by subtle differences in vocabulary, usage, spelling, and syntax. There are no hard and fast rules of classification; different scholars emphasize different features. As a result, the list has variants, as well as alternative
4049:(less often called "heavy" and "light" respectively). Within a word, a syllable may either be long by nature or long by position. A syllable is long by nature if it has a diphthong or a long vowel. On the other hand, a syllable is long by position if the vowel is followed by more than one consonant.
3712:
has disputed this assertion, based in part upon the observation that in
Sardinian and some Lucanian dialects, each long and short vowel pair merged, as opposed to in Italo-Western languages in which short /i/ and /u/ merged with long /eː/ and /o:/ (c.f. Latin 'siccus', Italian 'secco', and Sardinian
6077:
Gallia est omnis dívísa in partés trés, quárum únam incolunt Belgae, aliam Aquítání, tertiam quí ipsórum linguá Celtae, nostrá Gallí appellantur. Hí omnés linguá, ínstitútís, légibus inter sé differunt. Gallós ab Aquítánís
Garumna flúmen, á Belgís Mátrona et Séquana dívidit. Hórum omnium fortissimí
6064:
Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres, quarum unam incolunt Belgae, aliam
Aquitani, tertiam qui ipsorum lingua Celtae, nostra Galli appellantur. Hi omnes lingua, institutis, legibus inter se differunt. Gallos ab Aquitanis Garumna flumen, a Belgis Matrona et Sequana dividit. Horum omnium fortissimi
5356:
for neuter) in the nominative singular. The fourth principal part will be the future participle if the verb cannot be made passive. Most modern Latin dictionaries, if they show only one gender, tend to show the masculine; but many older dictionaries instead show the neuter, as it coincides with the
1085:
and others began to change their usage of Latin as they explored the texts of the
Classical Latin world. Skills of textual criticism evolved to create much more accurate versions of extant texts through the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, and some important texts were rediscovered. Comprehensive
953:
in 711, cutting off communications between the major
Romance regions, that the languages began to diverge seriously. The spoken Latin that would later become Romanian diverged somewhat more from the other varieties, as it was largely separated from the unifying influences in the western part of the
881:
Late Latin is a kind of written Latin used in the 3rd to 6th centuries. This began to diverge from Classical forms at a faster pace. It is characterised by greater use of prepositions, and word order that is closer to modern Romance languages, for example, while grammatically retaining more or less
5106:
Latin sometimes uses prepositions, depending on the type of prepositional phrase being used. Most prepositions are followed by a noun in either the accusative or ablative case: "apud puerum" (with the boy), with "puerum" being the accusative form of "puer", boy, and "sine puero" (without the boy),
862:
period, language changes reflecting spoken (non-classical) norms tend to be found in greater quantities in texts. As it was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically. On the contrary, Romanised European populations
5365:
are divided into two systems: the present system, which is made up of the present, imperfect and future forms, and the perfect system, which is made up of the perfect, pluperfect and future perfect forms. Each simple tense has a set of endings corresponding to the person, number, and voice of the
1797:
A variety of organisations, as well as informal Latin 'circuli' ('circles'), have been founded in more recent times to support the use of spoken Latin. Moreover, a number of university classics departments have begun incorporating communicative pedagogies in their Latin courses. These include the
2444:
The ancient pronunciation of Latin has been reconstructed; among the data used for reconstruction are explicit statements about pronunciation by ancient authors, misspellings, puns, ancient etymologies, the spelling of Latin loanwords in other languages, and the historical development of Romance
2206:
The numbers of people studying Latin varies significantly by country. In the United Kingdom, Latin is available in around 2.3% of state primary schools, representing a significant increase in availability. In Germany, over 500,000 students study Latin each year, representing a decrease from over
1769:
1135:
Latin education underwent a process of reform to classicise written and spoken Latin. Schooling remained largely Latin medium until approximately 1700. Until the end of the 17th century, the majority of books and almost all diplomatic documents were written in Latin. Afterwards, most diplomatic
2406:
1773:
1772:
1768:
885:
Ultimately, Latin diverged into a distinct written form, where the commonly spoken form was perceived as a separate language, for instance early French or Italian dialects, that could be transcribed differently. It took some time for these to be viewed as wholly different from Latin however.
7121:
Colloquia Humanistica. No. 2. Instytut Slawistyki Polskiej Akademii Nauk, 2013. Page 97: "Even according to Albanian linguists, Albanian vocabulary is composed in 60 percent of Latin words from different periods... When albanological studies were just emerging, it happened that Albanian was
2405:
2410:
2409:
2404:
1774:
5652:
During and after the adoption of Christianity into Roman society, Christian vocabulary became a part of the language, either from Greek or Hebrew borrowings or as Latin neologisms. Continuing into the Middle Ages, Latin incorporated many more words from surrounding languages, including
2411:
842:
The term 'Vulgar Latin' remains difficult to define, referring both to informal speech at any time within the history of Latin, and the kind of informal Latin that had begun to move away from the written language significantly in the post-Imperial period, that led ultimately to the
7245:
Of the eighty-nine men who signed the Declaration of Independence and attended the Constitutional Convention, thirty-six went to a Colonial college, all of which offered only the classical curriculum. Richard M. Gummere, The American Colonial Mind and the Classical Tradition, p.66
716:
5377:
The table below displays the common inflected endings for the indicative mood in the active voice in all six tenses. For the future tense, the first listed endings are for the first and second conjugations, and the second listed endings are for the third and fourth conjugations:
1140:) and later native or other languages. Education methods gradually shifted towards written Latin, and eventually concentrating solely on reading skills. The decline of Latin education took several centuries and proceeded much more slowly than the decline in written Latin output.
7122:
classified as a Romance language. Already there exists the idea of a common origin of both Albanian and Rumanian languages. The Rumanian grammar is almost identical to that of Albanian, but it may be as well the effect of later convergence within the Balkan Sprachbund.."
7541:
Who only knows Latin can go across the whole Poland from one side to the other one just like he was at his own home, just like he was born there. So great happiness! I wish a traveler in England could travel without knowing any other language than Latin!, Daniel Defoe,
1101:
Neo-Latin literature was extensive and prolific, but less well known or understood today. Works covered poetry, prose stories and early novels, occasional pieces and collections of letters, to name a few. Famous and well regarded writers included Petrarch, Erasmus,
4987:
There are two types of regular Latin adjectives: first- and second-declension and third-declension. They are so-called because their forms are similar or identical to first- and second-declension and third-declension nouns, respectively. Latin adjectives also have
1771:
2408:
3468:. However, they would also signify a long vowel by writing the vowel larger than other letters in a word or by repeating the vowel twice in a row. The acute accent, when it is used in modern Latin texts, indicates stress, as in Spanish, rather than length.
2185:
the Colonial era required that the applicant "Can readily make and speak or write true Latin prose and has skill in making verse . . ." Latin Study and the classics were emphasized in American secondary schools and colleges well into the Antebellum era.
942:. Despite dialectal variation, which is found in any widespread language, the languages of Spain, France, Portugal, and Italy have retained a remarkable unity in phonological forms and developments, bolstered by the stabilising influence of their common
5649:(breeches), of Celtic origin. The specific dialects of Latin across Latin-speaking regions of the former Roman Empire after its fall were influenced by languages specific to the regions. The dialects of Latin evolved into different Romance languages.
957:
Spoken Latin began to diverge into distinct languages by the 9th century at the latest, when the earliest extant Romance writings begin to appear. They were, throughout the period, confined to everyday speech, as Medieval Latin was used for writing.
7604:
2420:
4905:– used to indicate a location (corresponding to the English "in" or "at"). It is far less common than the other six cases of Latin nouns and usually applies to cities and small towns and islands along with a few common nouns, such as the words
2431:
1218:(also known as the Ordinary Form or the Novus Ordo) is usually celebrated in the local vernacular language, it can be and often is said in Latin, in part or in whole, especially at multilingual gatherings. It is the official language of the
6367:
In Italy, all alphabets were originally written from right to left; the oldest Latin inscription, which appears on the lapis niger of the seventh century BC, is in boustrophedon, but all other early Latin inscriptions run from right to
2422:
6450:, p. 5 "Comparative scholars, especially in the nineteenth century ... tended to see Vulgar Latin and literary Latin as two very different kinds of language, or even two different languages altogether ... but is now out of date"
1257:
There are a small number of Latin services held in the Anglican church. These include an annual service in Oxford, delivered with a Latin sermon; a relic from the period when Latin was the normal spoken language of the university.
921:
While the written form of Latin was increasingly standardized into a fixed form, the spoken forms began to diverge more greatly. Currently, the five most widely spoken Romance languages by number of native speakers are
5097:
Latin participles, like English participles, are formed from a verb. There are a few main types of participles: Present Active Participles, Perfect Passive Participles, Future Active Participles, and Future Passive Participles.
582:. In these periods Latin was used productively and generally taught to be written and spoken, at least until the late seventeenth century, when spoken skills began to erode. It then became increasingly taught only to be read.
5343:
The fourth principal part is the supine form, or alternatively, the nominative singular of the perfect passive participle form of the verb. The fourth principal part can show one gender of the participle or all three genders
2433:
1355:
and the western end of the known, Mediterranean world. Charles adopted the motto following the discovery of the New World by Columbus, and it also has metaphorical suggestions of taking risks and striving for excellence.
4032:
Further, if a consonant separates two vowels, it will go into the syllable of the second vowel. When there are two consonants between vowels, the last consonant will go with the second vowel. An exception occurs when a
2772:
between vowels always counts as two consonants for metrical purposes. The consonant ⟨b⟩ usually sounds as ; however, when ⟨t⟩ or ⟨s⟩ follows ⟨b⟩ then it is pronounced as in or . In Latin, ⟨q⟩ is always followed by the
1269:
has adopted Latin names in the logos of some of its institutions for the sake of linguistic compromise, an "ecumenical nationalism" common to most of the continent and as a sign of the continent's heritage (such as the
1725:
The continued instruction of Latin is seen by some as a highly valuable component of a liberal arts education. Latin is taught at many high schools, especially in Europe and the Americas. It is most common in British
7444:
No, you learn Latin because of what was written in it – and because of the sexual side of life direct access that Latin gives you to a literary tradition that lies at the very heart (not just at the root) of Western
2214:
movement attempts to teach Latin in the same way that living languages are taught, as a means of both spoken and written communication. It is available in Vatican City and at some institutions in the US, such as the
5340:
The third principal part is the first-person singular, perfect active indicative form. Like the first principal part, if the verb is impersonal, the third principal part will be in the third-person singular.
5334:
The first principal part is the first-person singular, present tense, active voice, indicative mood form of the verb. If the verb is impersonal, the first principal part will be in the third-person singular.
1027:
instead. Furthermore, the meanings of many words were changed and new words were introduced, often under influence from the vernacular. Identifiable individual styles of classically incorrect Latin prevail.
7760:
2081:", as if they had spilled from a pot of ink. Many of these words were used once by the author and then forgotten, but some useful ones survived, such as 'imbibe' and 'extrapolate'. Many of the most common
839:). Some linguists, particularly in the nineteenth century, believed this to be a separate language, existing more or less in parallel with the literary or educated Latin, but this is now widely dismissed.
8783:, a small collection of Greek and Roman authors along with their books and writings (original texts are in Latin and Greek, translations in English and occasionally in a few other languages are available)
2407:
1770:
555:
is the literary language from the 3rd century AD onward, and Vulgar Latin's various regional dialects had developed by the 6th to 9th centuries into the ancestors of the modern Romance languages.
5357:
supine. The fourth principal part is sometimes omitted for intransitive verbs, but strictly in Latin, they can be made passive if they are used impersonally, and the supine exists for such verbs.
5133:. A conjugation is "a class of verbs with similar inflected forms." The conjugations are identified by the last letter of the verb's present stem. The present stem can be found by omitting the -
4813:– used when the noun is the direct object of the subject, as the object of a preposition demonstrating place to which, and sometimes to indicate a duration of time: The man killed the boy. (
4797:– used when the noun is the indirect object of the sentence, with special verbs, with certain prepositions, and if it is used as agent, reference, or even possessor: The merchant hands the
2089:. Romance words make respectively 59%, 20% and 14% of English, German and Dutch vocabularies. Those figures can rise dramatically when only non-compound and non-derived words are included.
6025:
The numbers from 4 to 100 do not change their endings. As in modern descendants such as Spanish, the gender for naming a number in isolation is masculine, so that "1, 2, 3" is counted as
850:
During the Classical period, informal language was rarely written, so philologists have been left with only individual words and phrases cited by classical authors, inscriptions such as
2800:
represented both vowels and consonants. Most of the letter forms were similar to modern uppercase, as can be seen in the inscription from the Colosseum shown at the top of the article.
2421:
4663:
A regular Latin noun belongs to one of five main declensions, a group of nouns with similar inflected forms. The declensions are identified by the genitive singular form of the noun.
2756:
was not native to Classical Latin. It appeared in Greek loanwords starting around the first century BC, when it was probably pronounced (at least by educated speakers) initially and
466:
in Europe until well into the early 19th century, when regional vernaculars supplanted it in common academic and political usage—including its own descendants, the Romance languages.
2104:
on the less-developed nations under Roman dominion led to the adoption of Latin phraseology in some specialized areas, such as science, technology, medicine, and law. For example,
6834:
2021:", are intended to garner popular interest in the language. Additional resources include phrasebooks and resources for rendering everyday phrases and concepts into Latin, such as
1070:, given their importance for the development of European culture, religion and science. The vast majority of written Latin belongs to this period, but its full extent is unknown.
4727:
is not as important in Latin as it is in English, which is less inflected. The general structure and word order of a Latin sentence can therefore vary. The cases are as follows:
2432:
6204:
1003:
Without the institutions of the Roman Empire that had supported its uniformity, Medieval Latin was much more liberal in its linguistic cohesion: for example, in classical Latin
652:
4556:
in the terminology of linguistic typology. Words involve an objective semantic element and markers (usually suffixes) specifying the grammatical use of the word, expressing
3069:
3048:
4845:– used when the noun is used in a direct address. The vocative form of a noun is often the same as the nominative, with the exception of second-declension nouns ending in
4649:
does not express masculine, feminine, or neuter gender. A major task in understanding Latin phrases and clauses is to clarify such ambiguities by an analysis of context.
7193:
1690:, have been made with dialogue in Latin. Occasionally, Latin dialogue is used because of its association with religion or philosophy, in such film/television series as
1098:
and others, first the demand for manuscripts, and then the rush to bring works into print, led to the circulation of inaccurate copies for several centuries following.
2383:– officially recognised and widely used between the 10th and 18th centuries, commonly used in foreign relations and popular as a second language among some of the
7771:
5637:
Because of the Roman Empire's expansion and subsequent trade with outlying European tribes, the Romans borrowed some northern and central European words, such as
1794:
broadcast from 1989 until it was shut down in June 2019), and Vatican Radio & Television, all of which broadcast news segments and other material in Latin.
1289:
In the Western world, many organizations, governments and schools use Latin for their mottos due to its association with formality, tradition, and the roots of
9467:
4723:
There are seven Latin noun cases, which also apply to adjectives and pronouns and mark a noun's syntactic role in the sentence by means of inflections. Thus,
4037:
stop and liquid come together. In this situation, they are thought to be a single consonant, and as such, they will go into the syllable of the second vowel.
916:
1919:. Their works were published in manuscript form before the invention of printing and are now published in carefully annotated printed editions, such as the
1911:
The works of several hundred ancient authors who wrote in Latin have survived in whole or in part, in substantial works or in fragments to be analyzed in
11299:
1305:
5704:
and concatenating. Often, the concatenation changed the part of speech, and nouns were produced from verb segments or verbs from nouns and adjectives.
4207:. This alphabet has continued to be used over the centuries as the script for the Romance, Celtic, Germanic, Baltic, Finnic and many Slavic languages (
3709:
1316:
which has the inscription "For Valour". Because Canada is officially bilingual, the Canadian medal has replaced the English inscription with the Latin
1118:. Non fiction works were long produced in many subjects, including the sciences, law, philosophy, historiography and theology. Famous examples include
8016:
7256:
1607–1783, pp. 128–129 (1970), and Frederick Rudolph, Curriculum: A History of the American Undergraduate Course of Study Since 1636, pp.31–32 (1978).
5579:. However, because of close cultural interaction, the Romans not only adapted the Etruscan alphabet to form the Latin alphabet but also borrowed some
5011:
are declined like first-declension nouns for the feminine forms and like second-declension nouns for the masculine and neuter forms. For example, for
7114:
7429:
3471:
Although called long vowels, their exact quality in Classical Latin is different from short vowels. The difference is described in the table below:
6662:"When we talk about "Neo-Latin", we refer to the Latin ... from the time of the early Italian humanist Petrarch (1304–1374) up to the present day"
4254:
The number of letters in the Latin alphabet has varied. When it was first derived from the Etruscan alphabet, it contained only 21 letters. Later,
6567:
6214:
4833:
or when the noun is used as the object of certain prepositions, and to indicate a specific place in time.; adverbial: You walked with the boy. (
4759:– used when the noun is the possessor of or connected with an object: "the horse of the man", or "the man's horse"; in both instances, the word
3770:
is truly a diphthong in Classical Latin, due to its rarity, absence in works of Roman grammarians, and the roots of Classical Latin words (i.e.
11354:
5624:(bath). This Hellenisation led to the addition of "Y" and "Z" to the alphabet to represent Greek sounds. Subsequently, the Romans transplanted
1124:
9354:
2231:
series. It has also published a subseries of children's texts in Latin by Bell & Forte, which recounts the adventures of a mouse called
2126:
would be primarily derived from Latin and Greek words, the Greek being filtered through the Latin. Roman engineering had the same effect on
9896:
6219:
5059:
are mostly declined like normal third-declension nouns, with a few exceptions. In the plural nominative neuter, for example, the ending is
2041:(CIL). Authors and publishers vary, but the format is about the same: volumes detailing inscriptions with a critical apparatus stating the
656:
625:
9938:
9926:
7377:
8732:
6873:
6824:
3941:. During the Classical period this sound change was present in some rural dialects, but deliberately avoided by well-educated speakers.
9985:
8876:
8534:
7032:
2259:
6675:"Neo-Latin is the term used for the Latin which developed in Renaissance Italy ... Its origins are normally associated with Petrarch"
2077:. From the 16th to the 18th centuries, English writers cobbled together huge numbers of new words from Latin and Greek words, dubbed "
7458:
7084:"Graduate Certificate in Latin Studies – Institute for Latin Studies | Modern & Classical Languages, Literatures & Cultures"
6933:
2365:
exists. Latin was used on Croatian coins on even years until 1 January 2023, when Croatia adopted the Euro as its official currency.
9901:
6194:
6418:. Publications of the University of Manchester, no. 229. French series, no. 6. Manchester: Manchester university press. p. 3.
961:
For many Italians using Latin, though, there was no complete separation between Italian and Latin, even into the beginning of the
11273:
9911:
9142:
1938:
1373:
1128:. Latin was also used as a convenient medium for translations of important works first written in a vernacular, such as those of
11218:
9906:
9640:
8574:
7180:
5606:(272 BC), the Romans began Hellenising, or adopting features of Greek culture, including the borrowing of Greek words, such as
2263:
1261:
7303:
5792:. The numbers 1, 2 and 3 and every whole hundred from 200 to 900 are declined as nouns and adjectives, with some differences.
3461:, and short vowels are usually unmarked except when it is necessary to distinguish between words, when they are marked with a
1062:
Renaissance Latin, 1300 to 1500, and the classicised Latin that followed through to the present are often grouped together as
11188:
10013:
9540:
8849:
8674:
8619:
8598:
8421:
8243:
8224:
8201:
8084:
7984:
7711:
7643:
7230:
7155:
6617:
6524:
6395:
3295:
7649:
7601:
7551:
Anatol Lieven, The Baltic Revolution: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and the Path to Independence, Yale University Press, 1994,
7010:
6947:
6354:
11278:
11153:
10306:
5251:
are verbs that do not follow the regular conjugations in the formation of the inflected form. Irregular verbs in Latin are
829:, which contain fragments of everyday speech, gives evidence of an informal register of the language, Vulgar Latin (termed
6641:
4935:, "in Rome"). In the plural of all declensions and the singular of the other declensions, it coincides with the ablative (
2270:, and The Latin Programme/Via Facilis, a London-based charity, run Latin courses. In the United States and in Canada, the
9859:
8843:
8216:
2742:
2726:
1620:
633:
539:
with less prestigious variations attested in inscriptions and some literary works such as those of the comic playwrights
352:
7170:
Uwe Pörksen, German Academy for Language and Literature's Jahrbuch 2007 (Wallstein Verlag, Göttingen 2008, pp. 121–130)
1895:
is one of the most famous classical Latin texts of the Golden Age of Latin. The unvarnished, journalistic style of this
991:
Medieval Latin is the written Latin in use during that portion of the post-classical period when no corresponding Latin
11349:
9530:
8831:
8486:
6163:
3304:
1015:
are used as auxiliary verbs in the perfect and pluperfect passive, which are compound tenses. Medieval Latin might use
749:. It is attested both in inscriptions and in some of the earliest extant Latin literary works, such as the comedies of
1333:, meaning "even further", or figuratively "Further!", is also Latin in origin. It is taken from the personal motto of
11198:
9958:
9525:
9520:
9496:
9347:
8655:
8289:
8262:
8182:
7597:
7573:
7556:
6984:
5765:
3874:
Old Latin had more diphthongs, but most of them changed into long vowels in Classical Latin. The Old Latin diphthong
2045:
and relevant information. The reading and interpretation of these inscriptions is the subject matter of the field of
5747:
4779:
would be in the genitive case. Some nouns are genitive with special verbs and adjectives: The cup is full of wine. (
2327:
became the exclusive official language in 1844. The best known Latin language poet of Croatian-Hungarian origin was
11213:
9886:
9535:
9462:
8399:
6153:
3398:
by some speakers. It was also used in native Latin words by confusion with Greek words of similar meaning, such as
2279:
2275:
2149:, popular in the early 20th century, is Latin with its inflections stripped away, among other grammatical changes.
2138:
451:
8356:
Search on line Latin-English and English-Latin dictionary with complete declension or conjugation. Online results.
7510:
7403:
9479:
9412:
7484:
7329:
3321:
2630:
2397:
2005:
1707:
1366:
811:, which served as a sort of informal language academy dedicated to maintaining and perpetuating educated speech.
342:
8480:
6677:
11334:
10233:
10158:
9916:
9310:
8869:
8111:
5743:
3326:
2282:, which encourages students to continue their study of the classics into college. The league also sponsors the
2036:
2022:
1727:
309:
5784:
In ancient times, numbers in Latin were written only with letters. Today, the numbers can be written with the
5089:(animals)) They can have one, two or three forms for the masculine, feminine, and neuter nominative singular.
2349:(Sabor) from the 13th to the 19th century (1847). The oldest preserved records of the parliamentary sessions (
11339:
11319:
10729:
8805:
7434:
7280:
6073:
over vowel letters, including customarily before "nf" and "ns" where a long vowel is automatically produced:
4616:). Some words are uninflected and undergo neither process, such as adverbs, prepositions, and interjections.
2292:
2278:(with more than 50,000 members), which encourages high school students to pursue the study of Latin, and the
1456:
1334:
1271:
737:
The earliest known form of Latin is Old Latin, also called Archaic or Early Latin, which was spoken from the
222:
8024:
5145:
in deponent verbs) ending from the present infinitive form. The infinitive of the first conjugation ends in
4332:, it is rarely used for Latin text, as it was not used in classical times, but many other languages use it.
1158:
Despite having no native speakers, Latin is still used for a variety of purposes in the contemporary world.
273:
240:
11324:
10569:
10173:
9625:
9340:
8495:
6899:
6041:
5779:
5576:
5242:
3906:. These two developments sometimes occurred in different words from the same root: for instance, Classical
3340:
2637:
1890:
950:
201:
7111:
4305:
4259:
4009:
4004:
3993:
3988:
3982:
3977:
3966:
3826:
3433:
3246:
3216:
3184:
3174:
3163:
3155:
3135:
3127:
3103:
3024:
2993:
2969:
2946:
2922:
2898:
2874:
2816:
2803:
The spelling systems used in Latin dictionaries and modern editions of Latin texts, however, normally use
2753:
11344:
11329:
11314:
11268:
11193:
10952:
10008:
9891:
9437:
9135:
8467:
7439:
6295:
6199:
5575:
As Latin is an Italic language, most of its vocabulary is likewise Italic, ultimately from the ancestral
5327:
5248:
4989:
3335:
3290:
3253:. (In English, distinctive consonant length or doubling occurs only at the boundary between two words or
2650:
2207:
800,000 in 2008. Latin is still required for some University courses, but this has become less frequent.
1686:
459:
334:) and the area governed by Latin speakers. Many languages other than Latin were spoken within the empire.
196:
7062:
2033:
Some inscriptions have been published in an internationally agreed, monumental, multivolume series, the
11228:
10892:
10784:
10554:
10326:
10148:
10056:
9921:
9864:
8439:
Combines Whittakers Words, Lewis and Short, Bennett's grammar and inflection tables in a browser addon.
4544:
Syntactical structure of the Latin sentence 'Iohannes vidit illam puellam' meaning 'John sees the girl'
3359:
3354:
2733:
2563:
2556:
2224:
2177:
2058:
1565:
617:
4923:(country). In the singular of the first and second declensions, its form coincides with the genitive (
4478:
excavated at sites such as forts, an especially extensive set having been discovered at Vindolanda on
1782:
Occasionally, some media outlets, targeting enthusiasts, broadcast in Latin. Notable examples include
1214:(also known as the Extraordinary Form or Traditional Latin Mass) is celebrated in Latin. Although the
410:. Classical Latin is considered a dead language as it is no longer used to produce major texts, while
11248:
10341:
10296:
10223:
10143:
10091:
10081:
10033:
9380:
8893:
8862:
6069:
The same text may be marked for all long vowels (before any possible elisions at word boundary) with
4271:
2605:
2362:
2271:
2131:
1706:"). Subtitles are usually shown for the benefit of those who do not understand Latin. There are also
1680:
1577:
1551:
660:
10849:
10759:
10268:
10248:
10243:
10228:
10181:
10121:
10076:
9878:
9040:
6848:
6265:
6133:
5728:
5362:
4046:
3309:
1973:
1924:
1896:
1656:
1470:
1243:
787:
During the late republic and into the first years of the empire, from about 75 BC to AD 200, a new
303:
8570:
4074:
If the second-to-last syllable is not long, the syllable before that one will be stressed instead.
996:
Slavic nations. It became useful for international communication between the member states of the
11309:
11304:
11258:
11238:
11178:
11168:
11158:
10564:
10253:
10153:
10133:
10048:
10038:
9743:
9683:
9663:
9375:
8742:
8717:
7425:
6416:
From Latin to modern French with especial consideration of Anglo-Norman; phonology and morphology
6234:
6224:
5732:
4612:
4251:, the Americas and Oceania, making it by far the world's single most widely used writing system.
2572:
2522:
2515:
2287:
2243:
2110:
2066:
1932:
1899:
general has long been taught as a model of the urbane Latin officially spoken and written in the
1444:
1309:
407:
127:
6541:
3177:), in between vowels, becomes "i-y", being pronounced as parts of two separate syllables, as in
2191:
is an essential aspect. In today's world, a large number of Latin students in the US learn from
1337:, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Spain (as Charles I), and is a reversal of the original phrase
11263:
11253:
11203:
11183:
10997:
10972:
10937:
10819:
10544:
10191:
9953:
9484:
9128:
8939:
8923:
7515:
6516:
6510:
5739:
5669:
4240:
4034:
2228:
2216:
2127:
1928:
1920:
1868:. Latin is still spoken in Vatican City, a city-state situated in Rome that is the seat of the
1229:
1199:
1171:
27:
20:
8726:
7976:
7970:
7373:
7189:
4982:
2242:
encourages the study of antiquity through various means, such as publications and grants. The
11233:
11163:
10987:
10739:
10539:
10534:
10331:
10238:
10163:
10126:
10111:
10086:
10066:
9968:
9078:
8998:
8721:
8541:
8446:
A new abridgment of Ainsworth's Dictionary, English and Latin, for the use of Grammar Schools
7107:
6387:
6381:
6209:
5673:
2718:
2702:
2671:
2664:
2239:
2220:
2074:
1698:
1639:("truth"). Veritas was the goddess of truth, a daughter of Saturn, and the mother of Virtue.
1603:
1530:
1247:
863:
developed their own dialects of the language, which eventually led to the differentiation of
694:
419:
90:
7040:
1077:
reinforced the position of Latin as a spoken and written language by the scholarship by the
11243:
11208:
10897:
10764:
10664:
10589:
10454:
10417:
9793:
9457:
9304:
9289:
8988:
8558:
8454:
8330:
6188:
5069:(all, everything)), and for third-declension nouns, the plural nominative neuter ending is
4739:
4058:
2531:
2196:
2188:
2146:
1299:
1194:
The largest organisation that retains Latin in official and quasi-official contexts is the
1153:
1078:
890:
796:
766:
690:
606:
10887:
8817:
8386:
Identifies the grammatical functions of all the words in sentences entered, using Perseus.
2830:
Some notes concerning the mapping of Latin phonemes to English graphemes are given below:
8:
11173:
11022:
10824:
10694:
10644:
9963:
9560:
9046:
8564:
6925:
6829:
6096:
4490:
show spaces between words, spaces were avoided in monumental inscriptions from that era.
4236:
4204:
2589:
2346:
2283:
2123:
1821:
1750:
1713:
1692:
1512:
1410:
1352:
1348:
1203:
1055:
927:
579:
536:
8175:
Dynamics of Neo-Latin and the Vernacular: Language and Poetics, Translation and Transfer
5245:
and can therefore be compared to similar conjugations in other Indo-European languages.
4506:
is a 7th-century BC pin with an Old Latin inscription written using the Etruscan script.
3766:
were very rare, at least in native Latin words. There has also been debate over whether
677:
11223:
10947:
10754:
10609:
10549:
10469:
10412:
10276:
9512:
9491:
9257:
8980:
8161:
7838:
6788:
6434:
6148:
6143:
6124:
5664:
Over the ages, Latin-speaking populations produced new adjectives, nouns, and verbs by
5658:
5603:
5323:
5315:
4607:
4591:
4587:
4561:
4557:
4549:
4487:
4459:
4248:
4096:
3455:
2681:
2324:
2320:
2157:
2011:
1857:
1758:
1628:
1585:
1149:
894:
644:
610:
505:
489:
485:
481:
399:
10862:
8780:
8395:
Displays complete conjugations of verbs entered in first-person present singular form.
3225:
In Classical Latin, as in modern Italian, double consonant letters were pronounced as
1046:
295:
289:
10857:
10709:
10464:
10424:
10402:
9610:
9299:
9294:
9225:
9098:
9022:
8916:
8906:
8901:
8670:
8651:
8615:
8609:
8594:
8360:
8285:
8258:
8239:
8220:
8197:
8178:
8165:
8107:
8080:
7980:
7830:
7717:
7707:
7639:
7593:
7569:
7552:
7226:
7151:
6792:
6780:
6764:
6613:
6520:
6484:
6391:
5580:
5319:
5290:
in Latin (present, imperfect, future, perfect, pluperfect and future perfect), three
5287:
5130:
5124:
4964:
4830:
4735:
4599:
4595:
4553:
4518:
4479:
4364:
4345:
4220:
4196:
3758:. The former pronounced like the 'i' in mine, and the latter like the 'ow' in power.
2595:
2508:
2502:
2485:
2475:
2380:
2274:
supports every effort to further the study of classics. Its subsidiaries include the
2105:
1992:
1849:
1841:
1829:
1741:
1183:
1067:
1037:
997:
939:
910:
864:
844:
762:
586:
571:
513:
473:
443:
415:
348:
10922:
10882:
10814:
10749:
10674:
10669:
10441:
10364:
10311:
10106:
10101:
9990:
9849:
9798:
9758:
9728:
9723:
9718:
9708:
9630:
9577:
9570:
9555:
9550:
9474:
9402:
9279:
9274:
9090:
9061:
9057:
9017:
9012:
9006:
8885:
8151:
7822:
6772:
6070:
5291:
4658:
4603:
4565:
4503:
4349:
4244:
4228:
4224:
4216:
3422:
2694:
2470:
2465:
2161:
2101:
1865:
1837:
1833:
1825:
1813:
1484:
1464:
1440:
1137:
983:
935:
923:
672:
621:
497:
403:
132:
8425:
11017:
10829:
10809:
10769:
10704:
10654:
10649:
10524:
10474:
10382:
10216:
10196:
10116:
9565:
9390:
9186:
9110:
9106:
8499:
8444:
8268:
8117:
8090:
7633:
7608:
7568:
Kevin O'Connor, Culture And Customs of the Baltic States, Greenwood Press, 2006,
7118:
7006:
6951:
6637:
6348:
6178:
6173:
6138:
6110:
5785:
4826:
4810:
4771:, in which the material is quantified: "a group of people"; "a number of gifts":
4731:
4212:
4208:
3794:, etc.) not matching or being similar to the pronunciation of classical words if
3701:
2658:
2480:
2328:
2296:
in 2006 that the reason for learning Latin is because of what was written in it.
2247:
2193:
Wheelock's Latin: The Classic Introductory Latin Course, Based on Ancient Authors
2115:
2070:
1967:
1961:
1955:
1949:
1869:
1861:
1817:
1802:
1719:
1591:
1498:
1361:
1290:
1215:
1211:
1195:
1111:
1091:
931:
901:
adopted Latin as a language more suitable for legal and other, more formal uses.
898:
788:
782:
746:
637:
598:
532:
501:
455:
137:
119:
9052:
8156:
8139:
7132:
1798:
University of Kentucky, the University of Oxford and also Princeton University.
11072:
10714:
10449:
10397:
10369:
10316:
10301:
10281:
10096:
10071:
10028:
10018:
9844:
9818:
9748:
9733:
9698:
9658:
9419:
9212:
9102:
8960:
8390:
6633:
5789:
5596:
5563:, causing their forms to be in the passive voice but retain an active meaning:
4825:– used when the noun demonstrates separation or movement from a source, cause,
4232:
4200:
4086:
3387:
3229:
consonant sounds distinct from short versions of the same consonants. Thus the
2065:, borrowing from Latin occurred from ecclesiastical usage established by Saint
1999:
1904:
1880:
1853:
1733:
1703:
1659:. For a similar reason, it adopted the international vehicle and internet code
1559:
1545:
1492:
1478:
1313:
1266:
1223:
1087:
978:
855:
758:
742:
698:
559:
524:
517:
509:
439:
394:
383:
179:
172:
44:
8955:
8752:
6776:
4065:
In a word with only two syllables, the emphasis will be on the first syllable.
2114:, an encyclopedia of people, places, plants, animals, and things published by
1439:("If you seek a pleasant peninsula, look about you"), is based on that of Sir
558:
In Latin's usage beyond the early medieval period, it lacked native speakers.
11293:
10604:
10574:
10489:
10023:
10000:
9813:
9668:
9653:
9600:
9407:
9316:
8970:
8811:
7834:
7721:
6784:
6168:
6057:
5560:
5120:
4902:
4842:
4822:
4764:
4756:
4531:
4510:
4483:
4471:
4104:
2623:
2579:
2549:
2538:
2495:
2255:
1884:
1791:
1524:
1107:
851:
770:
738:
731:
681:
The linguistic landscape of central Italy at the beginning of Roman expansion
641:
469:
266:
8965:
8272:
5366:
subject. Subject (nominative) pronouns are generally omitted for the first (
3825:
represented sequences of two vowels or of a vowel and one of the semivowels
318:
11082:
10942:
10387:
10336:
10291:
10286:
10138:
9948:
9834:
9778:
9773:
9545:
9429:
9363:
9284:
8821:
8777:, ancient Latin books and writings (without translations) ordered by author
8374:
8121:
8094:
6411:
6244:
6183:
4535:
3426:
3414:
2267:
2251:
2211:
2203:
has become the standard text for many American introductory Latin courses.
2092:
2082:
2078:
1985:
1801:
There are many websites and forums maintained in Latin by enthusiasts. The
1783:
1571:
1239:
1198:. The Catholic Church required that Mass be carried out in Latin until the
1179:
1119:
820:
808:
602:
493:
447:
411:
183:
95:
74:
8993:
8950:
8403:
8351:
6974:
2780:
In Old and Classical Latin, the Latin alphabet had no distinction between
2096:
Range of the Romance languages, the modern descendants of Latin, in Europe
257:
10877:
10499:
10321:
10211:
9605:
9321:
8825:
8588:
8505:
7112:"A Crossroad Between West, East and Orient–The Case of Albanian Culture."
7083:
6229:
6158:
5654:
5111:, however, govern a noun in the genitive (such as "gratia" and "tenus").
4993:
4794:
4514:
4341:
4235:); and it has been adopted by many languages around the world, including
3733:
2781:
2761:
2142:
2062:
1610:
Some law governing bodies in the Philippines have Latin mottos, such as:
1392:
1115:
1074:
962:
720:
567:
563:
8630:
8476:
8140:"A paradox of the linguistic research of Neo–Latin. Symptoms and causes"
6948:"Latein: Nuntii Latini mensis lunii 2010: Lateinischer Monats rückblick"
6929:
6323:
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition
1166:
791:
arose, a conscious creation of the orators, poets, historians and other
11102:
11042:
11007:
10799:
10734:
10724:
10619:
10504:
10392:
9975:
9943:
9688:
9615:
9447:
9442:
9199:
8023:. Translated by Johnson, Rand H. University of Michigan. Archived from
7520:
7399:
6979:
5299:
5295:
5108:
4724:
4619:
Latin inflection can result in words with much ambiguity: For example,
4582:
4540:
4475:
4360:
4353:
4071:
If the second-to-last syllable is long, that syllable will have stress.
3226:
2757:
2153:
2086:
2042:
1943:
1674:
1655:
on coins and stamps, since there is no room to use all of the nation's
1328:
1235:
1207:
1051:
992:
943:
876:
859:
594:
552:
9332:
8369:
Identifies the grammatical functions of words entered. Online results.
7842:
6431:
Source book of the history of education for the Greek and Roman period
2145:
is sometimes considered a simplified, modern version of the language.
2061:
has been significant at all stages of its insular development. In the
1627:
Some colleges and universities have adopted Latin mottos, for example
1365:
meaning "Out of many, one". The motto continues to be featured on the
613:
is more often studied to be read rather than spoken or actively used.
11132:
11127:
11087:
11012:
10982:
10962:
10839:
10779:
10689:
10639:
10634:
10559:
10519:
10407:
10377:
10186:
10061:
9854:
9738:
9713:
9592:
9241:
9171:
8725:
7815:
Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association
7218:
6681:
5625:
5307:
5035:
is declined like a regular second-declension masculine noun (such as
4768:
4569:
4458:
A modern Latin text written in the Old Roman Cursive inspired by the
4100:
4091:
4029:. The number of syllables is the same as the number of vowel sounds.
3751:
2437:
2046:
1912:
1778:
QDP Ep 84 – De Ludo "Mysterium": A Latin-language podcast from the US
1251:
1187:
1129:
1041:
710:
575:
548:
528:
477:
282:
250:
232:
214:
162:
50:
7972:
Language Visible: Unraveling the Mystery of the Alphabet from A to Z
6383:
Language Visible: Unraveling the Mystery of the Alphabet from A to Z
5717:
3809:
also represented a sequence of two vowels in different syllables in
969:
for example saw Latin as a literary version of the spoken language.
624:, along with a large number of others, and historically contributed
11092:
11077:
11067:
11052:
10967:
10957:
10927:
10917:
10912:
10902:
10804:
10719:
10599:
10584:
10514:
10494:
10484:
10479:
10459:
10258:
9839:
9803:
9693:
9620:
9452:
8975:
8928:
8854:
8774:
7826:
6239:
6118:
6104:
4270:
ceased to be included in the alphabet, as the language then had no
4022:
3254:
2384:
2227:
is a major supplier of Latin textbooks for all levels, such as the
2172:
1916:
1845:
1650:
1506:
1450:
1430:
1418:
1219:
1175:
1103:
1095:
1082:
966:
804:
792:
648:
590:
463:
360:
8793:
7276:
7148:
Ordered Profusion; studies in dictionaries and the English lexicon
5318:(first, second and third), two numbers (singular and plural), two
5047:
is declined like a regular second-declension neuter noun (such as
4462:, the oldest surviving handwritten documents in Britain. The word
1359:
In the United States the unofficial national motto until 1956 was
1254:
are taught in Latin, and papers are written in the same language.
807:
schools. Today's instructional grammars trace their roots to such
773:
script to what ultimately became a strictly left-to-right script.
605:. The church continues to adapt concepts from modern languages to
11112:
11107:
11097:
11062:
11057:
11047:
10992:
10977:
10794:
10789:
10774:
10744:
10699:
10679:
10659:
10614:
10346:
10201:
9980:
9788:
9783:
9673:
8747:
8492:
8471:
8430:
Identifies Latin words entered. Translates English words entered.
4577:
4287:
3383:
2454:
2342:
2316:
2232:
1979:
1900:
1634:
1380:
826:
800:
754:
750:
741:, traditionally founded in 753 BC, through the later part of the
629:
544:
540:
356:
9120:
8457:". Online lemmatizer and morphological analysis for Latin texts.
8102:
Bergin, Thomas G; Law, Jonathan; Speake, Jennifer, eds. (2004).
7374:"Open University Undergraduate Course – Reading classical Latin"
7352:"University of Cambridge School Classics Project – Latin Course"
7351:
2130:
as a whole. Latin law principles have survived partly in a long
1094:
and others. Nevertheless, despite the careful work of Petrarch,
11122:
11002:
10932:
10872:
10867:
10834:
10594:
10579:
10529:
10509:
9931:
9808:
9703:
8837:
8416:
Displays conjugation of verbs entered in their infinitive form.
7706:. LaFleur, Richard A. (7th ed.). New York: HarperCollins.
7590:
The Other Prussia: Royal Prussia, Poland and Liberty, 1569–1772
6205:
List of Latin and Greek words commonly used in systematic names
5311:
5303:
4388:
3447:
2376:
1518:
1404:
1344:
1066:, or New Latin, which have in recent decades become a focus of
836:
825:
Philological analysis of Archaic Latin works, such as those of
566:
as a working and literary language from the 9th century to the
423:
324:
69:
4959:("at home") differs from the standard form of all other cases.
2118:. Roman medicine, recorded in the works of such physicians as
1590:("Through adversity/struggle to the stars"), the motto of the
1539:
Many military organizations today have Latin mottos, such as:
715:
10907:
10629:
9648:
8540:. The Latin Mass Society of England and Wales. Archived from
8352:"Online Latin Dictionary with conjugator and declension tool"
7761:"On the Evolution of Short High Vowels of Latin into Romance"
7304:"Latin is now fourth most-taught language in primary schools"
5665:
4798:
4454:
4368:
4283:
4068:
In a word with more than two syllables, there are two cases.
4026:
3462:
3405:
2774:
2119:
2108:
of plant and animal classification was heavily influenced by
765:. The writing later changed from what was initially either a
431:
427:
8077:
Vox Latina – a Guide to the Pronunciation of Classical Latin
5294:(indicative, imperative and subjunctive, in addition to the
4973:
can mean either "the boy is running" or "a boy is running".
4352:
were sometimes used to distinguish length in vowels and the
3374:
did not exist as a letter distinct from V; the written form
11117:
10684:
10624:
10206:
9582:
8131:
Studies in the Latin of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance
7418:
6612:. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. pp. 13–15.
5337:
The second principal part is the present active infinitive.
4700:
The fourth declension, with a predominant ending letter of
4678:
The second declension, with a predominant ending letter of
4573:
4291:
1844:
are direct descendants of Latin. There are also many Latin
723:, probably the oldest extant Latin inscription, from Rome,
435:
54:
8196:. New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Private Ltd.
7182:
Loanwords in the World's Languages: A Comparative Handbook
7063:"Active Latin at Jesus College – Oxford Latinitas Project"
5023:
is declined like a regular first-declension noun (such as
4893:) in the vocative singular: "Master!" shouted the slave. (
4711:
The fifth declension, with a predominant ending letter of
4689:
The third declension, with a predominant ending letter of
4667:
The first declension, with a predominant ending letter of
2304:
Latin was or is the official language of European states:
359:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
9678:
8701:
8513:
4025:
in Latin are signified by the presence of diphthongs and
1787:
8234:
Holmes, Urban Tigner; Schultz, Alexander Herman (1938).
7145:
6485:"History of Europe – Barbarian migrations and invasions"
4999:
Latin numbers are sometimes declined as adjectives. See
4767:
when it is translated into Latin. It also indicates the
4099:, from the 6th century BC, is one of the earliest known
3687:
does not exist in English, closest approximation is the
3673:
does not exist in English, closest approximation is the
3454:. In modern texts, long vowels are often indicated by a
2760:
between vowels, in accordance with its pronunciation in
2085:
English words are of Latin origin through the medium of
1343:("No land further beyond", "No further!"). According to
8648:
LINGVA LATINA PER SE ILLVSTRATA – Pars I FAMILIA ROMANA
8434:
8079:(2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
7813:
Husband, Richard (1910). "The Diphthong -ui in Latin".
7796:
7794:
7792:
4498:
Occasionally, Latin has been written in other scripts:
2426:
Audio of a person with a German accent reading in Latin
1647:
Switzerland has adopted the country's Latin short name
1461:("The health of the people should be the highest law");
562:
was used across Western and Catholic Europe during the
8667:
LINGVA LATINA PER SE ILLVSTRATA - Pars II ROMA AETERNA
8301:
A Manual of Latin Word Formation for Secondary Schools
5595:"actor". Latin also included vocabulary borrowed from
3801:
The sequences sometimes did not represent diphthongs.
1915:. They are in part the subject matter of the field of
1672:
Some film and television in ancient settings, such as
7701:
6515:(1st ed.). New York: Harper & Row. pp.
4192:
4188:
4184:
4180:
4176:
4172:
4168:
4164:
4160:
4156:
4152:
4148:
4144:
4140:
4136:
4132:
4128:
4124:
4120:
4116:
4112:
2195:. This book, first published in 1956, was written by
2164:
are the two closest contemporary languages to Latin.
2052:
917:
Lexical changes from Classical Latin to Proto-Romance
8215:. Translated by Wright, Roger. University Park, PA:
7789:
6874:""Does Anybody Know What 'Veritas' Is?" | Gene Fant"
6086:
5129:
A regular verb in Latin belongs to one of four main
4320:
only during the late Middle Ages, as was the letter
3720:
at the end of a word, or a vowel letter followed by
3378:
was used to represent both a vowel and a consonant.
2323:
from the 11th century to the mid 19th century, when
1022:
1016:
8683:
7697:
7695:
7693:
7691:
7689:
7687:
7685:
7683:
7485:"Croatian declared official language 174 years ago"
6350:
Collier's Encyclopedia: With Bibliography and Index
5682:, "all-powerful", was produced from the adjectives
4308:in Germanic languages, not Latin, which still uses
3118:Sometimes at the beginning of a syllable, or after
2361:), Croatia – date from 19 April 1273. An extensive
570:, which then developed a classicizing form, called
8449:(4th ed.). Glasgow: Hutchison & Brookman.
4715:, is signified by the genitive singular ending of
4704:, is signified by the genitive singular ending of
4693:, is signified by the genitive singular ending of
4682:, is signified by the genitive singular ending of
4671:, is signified by the genitive singular ending of
4486:. Most notable is the fact that while most of the
4057:There are two rules that define which syllable is
2415:A person with an American accent speaking in Latin
323:Greatest extent of the Roman Empire under Emperor
108:As a native language, from the 7th century BC to
8736:. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). pp. 244–257.
6769:L'Annuaire du Collège de France. Cours et travaux
5241:, "to attempt". The stem categories descend from
5107:"puero" being the ablative form of "puer". A few
1602:("We stand on guard for thee"), the motto of the
11291:
7934:
7932:
7680:
7279:. The Official Wheelock's Latin Series Website.
6825:"Pope's Latinist pronounces death of a language"
5330:). Verbs are described by four principal parts:
1347:, this phrase was inscribed as a warning on the
693:refers to the styles used by the writers of the
8629:Lehmann, Winifred P.; Slocum, Jonathan (2008).
8104:Encyclopedia of the Renaissance and Reformation
8101:
7330:"Why Latin should not become extinct in school"
6926:"Finnish broadcaster ends Latin news bulletins"
6750:
6734:
6718:
6603:
6601:
6566:Posner, Rebecca; Sala, Marius (1 August 2019).
6215:List of Latin translations of modern literature
4521:to Latin in Latin script and to Latin in runes.
4304:in some areas and uu in others. It represented
2250:, a number of independent schools, for example
8194:The Alphabet – A Key to the History of Mankind
7277:"The Official Wheelock's Latin Series Website"
6918:
4947:, "at Athens"). In the fourth-declension word
2199:, who received a PhD from Harvard University.
9348:
9136:
8870:
8802:= news in Latin of the universe (whole world)
8716:
8628:
8233:
8002:
7956:
7929:
7039:(in Latin). 13 September 2015. Archived from
4411:It would be rendered in a modern edition as:
3922:usually monophthongized to a later Old Latin
3240:
3150:Sometimes at the beginning of a syllable, as
1739:
1731:
1086:versions of authors' works were published by
8832:Classics Podcasts in Latin and Ancient Greek
8669:. Hackett Publishing Company, Incorporated.
8518:Latin Latin Course on YouTube and audiobooks
7998:
7996:
7952:
7950:
7584:
7582:
6598:
6512:The story of Latin and the Romance languages
6266:"Why is Latin a dead language? | Britannica"
6220:List of Latin words with English derivatives
5169:, "to exhort"; of the second conjugation by
4742:. The thing or person acting: the girl ran:
4282:were later added to represent Greek letters
2352:Congregatio Regni totius Sclavonie generalis
1990:
1747:
1031:
8797:
8743:"Latin Pronunciation (for Classical Latin)"
8511:
7943:(7th ed.). New York: CollinsReference.
7424:
7327:
7146:Finkenstaedt, Thomas; Dieter Wolff (1973).
6765:"The Roles of Latin in Early Modern Europe"
6047:
6039:
6026:
6009:
5993:
5978:
5963:
5948:
5929:
5910:
5895:
5880:
5865:
5846:
5830:
5814:
5798:
5746:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
5699:
5689:
5683:
5677:
5644:
5638:
5629:
5619:
5613:
5607:
5590:
5584:
5236:
5230:
5224:
5218:
5212:
5206:
5200:
5194:
5188:
5182:
5176:
5170:
5164:
5158:
5152:
5146:
5140:
5134:
5084:
5078:
5064:
5048:
5042:
5036:
5030:
5024:
5018:
5012:
4968:
4954:
4948:
4942:
4936:
4930:
4924:
4918:
4912:
4906:
4894:
4888:
4887:), as distinct from the nominative plural (
4882:
4876:
4870:
4864:
4858:
4852:
4846:
4834:
4814:
4802:
4786:
4785:) The master of the slave had beaten him. (
4780:
4749:
4743:
4644:
4638:
4632:
4626:
4620:
4444:
4432:
4420:
3913:
3907:
3866:
3860:
3854:
3848:
3842:
3836:
3830:
3816:
3810:
3789:
3783:
3777:
3771:
3737:
3441:
3399:
3234:
3178:
3077:
3056:
2356:
2350:
2069:in the 6th century or indirectly after the
2034:
2016:
1888:
1756:
1711:
1664:
1648:
1632:
1619:("Justice, peace, work"), the motto of the
1614:
1597:
1583:
1557:
1543:
1528:
1510:
1496:
1482:
1468:
1454:
1434:
1422:
1408:
1396:
1384:
1338:
1326:
1317:
1297:
1275:
1227:
1010:
1004:
830:
701:onward, as well as by Protestant scholars.
388:
373:
16:Indo-European language of the Italic branch
11300:Languages attested from the 7th century BC
9355:
9341:
9143:
9129:
8877:
8863:
8702:"Phonetica Latinae-How to pronounce Latin"
8310:New comparative grammar of Greek and Latin
8253:Knight, Sarah; Tilg, Stefan, eds. (2015).
8252:
8133:. Lancaster: The New Era Printing Company.
7635:New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin
6810:
6663:
6565:
1436:Si quaeris peninsulam amoenam, circumspice
1284:
1174:are in English and Latin, as a tribute to
882:the same formal rules as Classical Latin.
647:are heavily used in English vocabulary in
317:
43:
8808:, archived copy of online Latin newspaper
8614:(3rd ed.). University of Cambridge.
8155:
7993:
7947:
7758:
7579:
7456:
5766:Learn how and when to remove this message
5193:, "to fear;" of the third conjugation by
4963:Latin lacks both definite and indefinite
4340:Classical Latin did not contain sentence
4111:Latin was written in the Latin alphabet (
4045:Syllables in Latin are considered either
3945:Diphthongs classified by beginning sound
3700:This difference in quality is posited by
1246:that gives instructions in Latin. In the
8284:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
8191:
7938:
7908:
7896:
7879:
7867:
7301:
6950:(in Latin). Radio Bremen. Archived from
6762:
6508:
6353:. Collier. 1 January 1958. p. 412.
6335:
6195:List of Greek and Latin roots in English
4992:forms. There are also a number of Latin
4863:in the vocative singular. If it ends in
4625:, "he/she/it will love", is formed from
4539:
4509:The rear panel of the early 8th-century
4453:
4090:
2764:. In Classical Latin poetry, the letter
2429:
2418:
2401:
2319:– Latin was an official language in the
2171:
2091:
2049:. About 270,000 inscriptions are known.
1879:
1765:
1260:
1165:
1045:
982:
714:
676:
49:Latin inscription on a stone inside the
9362:
8787:
8740:
8607:
8586:
8172:
8014:
7892:
7890:
7888:
7812:
7668:
7274:
7101:
6607:
6592:
5676:. For example, the compound adjective,
5009:First- and second-declension adjectives
4328:. Although some Latin dictionaries use
2141:have been heavily influenced by Latin.
1939:Latin translations of modern literature
442:it became the dominant language in the
353:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
11292:
8664:
8645:
8575:The National Archives (United Kingdom)
8442:
8307:
8210:
8017:"Latin at the End of the Imperial Age"
7734:
7631:
7173:
6972:
6471:
6459:
6447:
6428:
6289:
4637:and a third person singular morpheme,
4513:has an inscription that switches from
4493:
3436:was written using a taller version of
3413:Classical Latin distinguished between
2176:A multivolume Latin dictionary in the
2100:The influence of Roman governance and
1710:. The libretto for the opera-oratorio
1564:("always faithful"), the motto of the
1178:'s role as one of the outposts of the
745:, up to 75 BC, i.e. before the age of
689:In addition to the historical phases,
438:, Italy. Through the expansion of the
9336:
9124:
8858:
8532:
8424:. Notre Dame Archives. Archived from
8419:
8298:
8257:. New York: Oxford University Press.
8128:
8074:
8057:
8045:
7968:
7855:
7800:
7746:
7702:Wheelock, Frederic M. (7 June 2011).
7674:
7652:from the original on 9 November 2016.
7619:
6822:
6379:
6308:
6060:, begins with the following passage:
5583:words into their language, including
4474:script is commonly found on the many
4356:was used at times to separate words.
4300:was created in the 11th century from
2462:
2345:– Latin was the official language of
1143:
418:. Latin was originally spoken by the
393:
382:
8884:
8850:Latinitas Foundation, at the Vatican
8580:
8312:. New York: Oxford University Press.
8279:
8137:
7885:
7662:
7592:, Cambridge University Press, 2000,
7457:Zemplényi, Lili (13 November 2023).
7328:Breitenbach, Dagmar (27 July 2023).
7283:from the original on 8 February 2011
6837:from the original on 26 August 2009.
6702:
6626:
6410:
5744:adding citations to reliable sources
5711:
5694:, "powerful", by dropping the final
5283:, "to happen"; and their compounds.
4316:was distinguished from the original
4262:, which had previously been spelled
3425:, which was sometimes similar to an
1642:
1415:("Through hardships, to the stars");
1372:Several states of the United States
1206:. Latin remains the language of the
1136:documents were written in French (a
987:The Latin Malmesbury Bible from 1407
904:
634:Christianization of the Anglo-Saxons
8699:
8633:. The University of Texas at Austin
8593:(2nd ed.). Project Gutenberg.
8217:Pennsylvania State University Press
7923:Webster's II new college dictionary
7519:. 30 September 2016. Archived from
7459:"The Day of the Hungarian Language"
7400:"The Latin Programme – Via Facilis"
7217:
7188:. Walter de Gruyter. 2009. p.
6987:from the original on 3 January 2011
6509:Pei, Mario; Gaeng, Paul A. (1976).
5157:(active and passive respectively):
4199:, which was in turn drawn from the
3798:were to be considered a diphthong.
3421:, were frequently marked using the
2457:of Classical Latin are as follows:
1621:Department of Justice (Philippines)
1576:("always above"), the motto of the
1550:("always ready"), the motto of the
1200:Second Vatican Council of 1962–1965
13:
8487:Free 47-Lesson Online Latin Course
8372:
8331:"Latin Dictionary Headword Search"
7975:. London: Broadway Books. p.
7406:from the original on 29 April 2014
7380:from the original on 27 April 2014
7199:from the original on 26 March 2017
6936:from the original on 25 June 2019.
6823:Moore, Malcolm (28 January 2007).
6644:from the original on 12 March 2011
6634:"Incunabula Short Title Catalogue"
6533:
6386:. London: Broadway Books. p.
6357:from the original on 21 April 2016
6164:International Roman Law Moot Court
5643:(beaver), of Germanic origin, and
4983:Latin declension § Adjectives
4294:respectively, in Greek loanwords.
2777:⟨u⟩. Together they make a sound.
2299:
2053:Influence on present-day languages
1234:, and the working language of the
795:men, who wrote the great works of
776:
476:, with classes of inflections for
14:
11366:
9150:
8323:
8318:
8021:Manuel pratique de latin médiéval
7925:. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. 1999.
7302:Woolcock, Nicola (29 June 2023).
7013:from the original on 18 July 2010
6973:Dymond, Jonny (24 October 2006).
6900:"La Moncloa. Símbolos del Estado"
6539:
5554:
3358:
3353:
3339:
3334:
3325:
3320:
3308:
3303:
3294:
3289:
2741:
2732:
2725:
2701:
2680:
2670:
2663:
2649:
2636:
2629:
2604:
2578:
2571:
2562:
2555:
2537:
2530:
2521:
2514:
2260:Haberdashers' Aske's Boys' School
2139:international auxiliary languages
1730:and grammar schools, the Italian
1669:, the country's full Latin name.
1401:("He who transplanted sustains");
1351:, the rocks on both sides of the
1242:is also home to the world's only
1202:, which permitted the use of the
1050:Most 15th-century printed books (
972:
835:, "the speech of the masses", by
8741:Ranieri, Luke (31 August 2018).
8303:. New York: D.C. Heath & Co.
8255:The Oxford Handbook of Neo-Latin
8236:A History of the French Language
6154:Greek and Latin roots in English
6117:
6103:
6089:
5995:quīngentī, quīngentae, quīngenta
5716:
3417:. Then, long vowels, except for
3265:
2369:
2335:
2309:
2280:National Senior Classical League
2276:National Junior Classical League
1805:has more than 130,000 articles.
1161:
446:and subsequently throughout the
8840:(Flock of those Speaking Latin)
8354:. Olivetti Media Communication.
8075:Allen, William Sidney (1978) .
8067:
8051:
8039:
8008:
7962:
7914:
7902:
7873:
7861:
7849:
7806:
7752:
7740:
7728:
7656:
7625:
7613:
7562:
7545:
7535:
7503:
7477:
7450:
7430:"Does Latin "train the brain"?"
7392:
7366:
7344:
7321:
7295:
7268:
7259:
7249:
7239:
7211:
7164:
7139:
7133:"List of words of Latin origin"
7125:
7076:
7055:
7025:
6999:
6966:
6940:
6892:
6866:
6841:
6816:
6799:
6763:Helander, Hans (1 April 2012).
6756:
6740:
6724:
6708:
6696:
6669:
6656:
6585:
6559:
6502:
6477:
6465:
6453:
6441:
6034:
5374:) persons except for emphasis.
5101:
4804:Mercātor fēminae stolam trādit.
4788:Dominus servī eum verberāverat.
2398:Latin phonology and orthography
2028:
2006:How the Grinch Stole Christmas!
1708:songs written with Latin lyrics
1427:("Nothing without providence");
814:
9311:Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum
9064:, transitional or independent)
8844:Circulus Latinus Interretialis
8508:, Compiled by Fr. Gary Coulter
8400:"Online Latin Verb Conjugator"
8345:An Elementary Latin Dictionary
7939:Wheelock, Frederic M. (2011).
6975:"Finland makes Latin the King"
6422:
6404:
6373:
6341:
6329:
6314:
6302:
6283:
6258:
5803:(masculine, feminine, neuter)
5092:
4446:Lúgéte, ó Venerés Cupídinésque
4434:Lūgēte, ō Venerēs Cupīdinēsque
4422:Lugete, o Veneres Cupidinesque
4404:lv́géte·ó·venerés·cupidinésqve
4371:") was originally written as:
4335:
4080:
3898:, except in a few words whose
3823:⟨au ui eu ei ou⟩
3475:Pronunciation of Latin vowels
2037:Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum
2015:, and a book of fairy tales, "
1852:, as well as a few in German,
1535:("Mountaineers always free").
1489:("To be rather than to seem");
1312:is modelled after the British
1222:, the primary language of its
1058:playing only a secondary role.
531:had evolved into standardized
1:
11355:Subject–object–verb languages
8820:, monthly review from German
8587:Bennett, Charles E. (2005) .
8502:Grammar, vocabulary and audio
8339:Searches Lewis & Short's
8299:Jenks, Paul Rockwell (1911).
8177:. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill.
8173:Deneire, Thomas, ed. (2014).
8129:Clark, Victor Selden (1900).
7435:The Times Literary Supplement
7037:Circulus Latínus Londiniénsis
6751:Bergin, Law & Speake 2004
6735:Bergin, Law & Speake 2004
6719:Bergin, Law & Speake 2004
6251:
5570:
5565:hortor, hortārī, hortātus sum
5322:(active and passive) and two
5217:, "to use"; of the fourth by
4976:
4466:('Romans') is at bottom left.
3918:"to punish". Early Old Latin
3745:
3390:, but it was pronounced like
3245:) is pronounced as a doubled
2448:
2293:The Times Literary Supplement
1875:
1457:Salus populi suprema lex esto
1304:("from sea to sea") and most
870:
724:
512:is directly derived from the
328:
109:
9927:Frontiers and fortifications
8768:
8693:
8684:Allen and Greenough (1903).
7465:. Budapest: BL Nonprofit Ltd
7275:LaFleur, Richard A. (2011).
6292:A companion to Latin studies
6042:Commentarii de Bello Gallico
5780:Latin numerals (linguistics)
5577:Proto-Indo-European language
5001:
4734:– used when the noun is the
4017:
3750:Classical Latin had several
2440:read in Ecclesiastical Latin
2391:
2167:
1891:Commentarii de Bello Gallico
1503:("While I breathe, I hope");
704:
310:-ab, -ac 51-AAB-aa, -ab, -ac
202:Pontifical Academy for Latin
7:
9986:Decorations and punishments
9105:; Latin is still used as a
8650:. Museum Tusculanum Press.
8565:Latin course: Ludus Latinus
8481:Linguistics Research Center
8282:A Latin reader for colleges
8157:10.22210/suvlin.2022.093.01
7638:. Oxford University Press.
7402:. Thelatinprogramme.co.uk.
6610:Documents in medieval Latin
6296:University of Chicago Press
6290:Sandys, John Edwin (1910).
6200:List of Latin abbreviations
6191:(Latin without Inflections)
6082:
5599:, another Italic language.
5328:perfective and imperfective
5057:Third-declension adjectives
4990:comparative and superlative
4394:lv́géteóveneréscupIdinésqve
4381:lv́géteóveneréscupidinésqve
4103:texts. It was found on the
3754:. The two most common were
3716:A vowel letter followed by
3068:In all other positions, as
2819:except in the combinations
2788:did not exist. In place of
2238:In the United Kingdom, the
2122:, established that today's
2023:Meissner's Latin Phrasebook
1687:Barbarians (2020 TV series)
462:, science, scholarship and
460:international communication
10:
11371:
10893:Dionysius of Halicarnassus
9468:historiography of the fall
9097:(and its descendants, the
8814:, from Finnish YLE Radio 1
8796:, online Latin newspaper:
8512:der Millner, Evan (2007).
8461:
8280:Levy, Harry Louis (1973).
7759:Calabrese, Andrea (2003).
7632:Sihler, Andrew L. (1995).
7225:. Lippincott. p. 28.
5777:
5707:
5118:
4980:
4896:"Domine!" clāmāvit servus.
4656:
4631:, a future tense morpheme
4529:
4525:
4084:
3933:By the late Roman Empire,
3430:⟨Á É Ó V́ Ý⟩
3406:
2807:in place of Classical-era
2395:
2225:Cambridge University Press
2178:University of Graz Library
2059:Latin influence in English
1566:United States Marine Corps
1147:
1054:) were in Latin, with the
1035:
976:
946:(Roman Catholic) culture.
914:
908:
874:
818:
780:
730:during the semi-legendary
708:
670:
666:
25:
18:
11350:Languages of Vatican City
11274:External wars and battles
11141:
11035:
10848:
10440:
10433:
10355:
10267:
10172:
10047:
9999:
9877:
9827:
9766:
9757:
9639:
9591:
9511:
9428:
9398:
9389:
9371:
9270:
9159:
9087:
9071:
9033:
8938:
8892:
8611:A student's Latin Grammar
8506:Latin Links and Resources
8479:(free online through the
8308:Sihler, Andrew L (2008).
8238:. New York: Biblo-Moser.
8192:Diringer, David (1996) .
8003:Holmes & Schultz 1938
7957:Holmes & Schultz 1938
7768:University of Connecticut
7607:15 September 2015 at the
7117:27 September 2021 at the
7009:(in Latin). YLE Radio 1.
6777:10.4000/annuaire-cdf.1783
5634:(craft) and τέχνη (art).
5389:
5386:
5383:
4272:voiced alveolar fricative
4052:
4040:
4002:
3665:
3634:
3599:
3564:
3529:
3494:
3466:⟨ă ĕ ĭ ŏ ŭ⟩
3459:⟨ā ē ī ō ū⟩
3382:was adopted to represent
3260:
3142:
3031:
2976:
2929:
2815:for the consonant sounds
2796:were used, respectively;
2767:
2717:
2693:
2657:
2588:
2501:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2363:Croatian Latin literature
2272:American Classical League
2132:list of Latin legal terms
1808:
1681:The Passion of the Christ
1578:United States Space Force
1552:United States Coast Guard
1032:Renaissance and Neo-Latin
632:, particularly after the
578:which evolved during the
574:. This was the basis for
384:[ˈlɪŋɡʷaɫaˈtiːna]
339:
316:
302:
280:
264:
248:
230:
212:
207:
195:
190:
169:
155:
116:
104:
83:
62:
42:
37:
8718:Wilkins, Augustus Samuel
7870:, pp. 451, 493, 530
7588:Karin Friedrich et al.,
6853:University Church Oxford
6134:Accademia Vivarium Novum
5114:
5014:mortuus, mortua, mortuum
4782:Poculum plēnum vīnī est.
4652:
4247:, and most languages in
3764:⟨ui eu ei⟩
2821:⟨gu su qu⟩
2264:Merchant Taylors' School
1974:The Adventures of Tintin
1925:Harvard University Press
1250:postgraduate courses of
1244:automatic teller machine
1182:, as the eastern end of
951:Muslim conquest of Spain
26:Not to be confused with
11269:Roman–Iranian relations
9744:Optimates and populares
8931:? (possibly not Italic)
8846:(Internet Latin Circle)
8733:Encyclopædia Britannica
8608:Griffin, Robin (1992).
8567:(Bibliotheca Augustana)
8391:"Latin Verb Conjugator"
8361:"Latin Word Study Tool"
8211:Herman, József (2000).
6572:Encyclopædia Britannica
6489:Encyclopedia Britannica
6235:Romanization (cultural)
6225:List of Latinised names
4258:was added to represent
3257:, as in that example.)
3239:"year" (and in Italian
2782:uppercase and lowercase
2244:University of Cambridge
2067:Augustine of Canterbury
1933:Oxford University Press
1666:Confoederatio Helvetica
1657:four official languages
1398:Qui transtulit sustinet
1310:Canadian Victoria Cross
1308:are also in Latin. The
1285:Use of Latin for mottos
1248:pontifical universities
799:, which were taught in
609:of the Latin language.
535:. Vulgar Latin was the
408:Indo-European languages
11279:Civil wars and revolts
10545:Sextus Pompeius Festus
10192:Conflict of the Orders
9551:Legislative assemblies
8838:Grex Latine Loquentium
8799:nuntii latini universi
8798:
8727:"Latin Language"
8722:Conway, Robert Seymour
8015:Norberg, Dag (2004) .
7516:Croatian National Bank
7463:Hungarian Conservative
6811:Knight & Tilg 2015
6664:Knight & Tilg 2015
6080:
6067:
6048:
6040:
6027:
6010:
5994:
5979:
5964:
5949:
5930:
5911:
5896:
5881:
5866:
5847:
5831:
5815:
5799:
5700:
5690:
5684:
5678:
5645:
5639:
5630:
5620:
5614:
5608:
5591:
5585:
5237:
5231:
5225:
5219:
5213:
5207:
5201:
5195:
5189:
5183:
5177:
5171:
5165:
5159:
5153:
5147:
5141:
5135:
5085:
5079:
5065:
5049:
5043:
5037:
5031:
5025:
5019:
5013:
4969:
4955:
4949:
4943:
4937:
4931:
4925:
4919:
4913:
4907:
4895:
4889:
4883:
4877:
4875:), the ending is just
4871:
4865:
4859:
4853:
4847:
4836:Cum puerō ambulāvistī.
4835:
4815:
4803:
4787:
4781:
4750:
4744:
4645:
4639:
4633:
4627:
4621:
4586:) and verbs to denote
4545:
4467:
4445:
4433:
4421:
4241:Austronesian languages
4108:
3914:
3908:
3867:
3861:
3855:
3849:
3843:
3837:
3831:
3817:
3811:
3790:
3784:
3778:
3772:
3738:
3732:, represented a short
3442:
3400:
3241:
3235:
3199:A letter representing
3179:
3078:
3057:
2441:
2427:
2416:
2357:
2351:
2229:Cambridge Latin Course
2217:University of Kentucky
2181:
2128:scientific terminology
2097:
2035:
2017:
1991:
1929:Oxford Classical Texts
1921:Loeb Classical Library
1908:
1889:
1790:radio in Finland (the
1779:
1757:
1748:
1740:
1732:
1712:
1665:
1649:
1633:
1615:
1598:
1584:
1558:
1544:
1529:
1511:
1497:
1483:
1469:
1455:
1435:
1423:
1409:
1397:
1385:
1339:
1327:
1318:
1298:
1281:
1276:
1230:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
1228:
1191:
1172:Wallsend Metro station
1059:
1023:
1017:
1011:
1005:
988:
831:
734:
682:
389:
374:
341:This article contains
21:Latin (disambiguation)
11335:Languages of Portugal
10988:Simplicius of Cilicia
10740:Quintus Curtius Rufus
9969:Siege in Ancient Rome
9578:Executive magistrates
9079:Proto-Italic language
8665:Ørberg, Hans (2007).
8646:Ørberg, Hans (1991).
8533:Byrne, Carol (1999).
8443:Dymock, John (1830).
8144:Suvremena Lingvistika
7969:Sacks, David (2003).
7576:, Google Print, p.115
6608:Elabani, Moe (1998).
6429:Monroe, Paul (1902).
6380:Sacks, David (2003).
6210:List of Latin phrases
6075:
6062:
5778:Further information:
5559:Some Latin verbs are
5286:There are six simple
5041:(lord, master)), and
4953:, the locative form,
4543:
4457:
4094:
3935:⟨ae oe⟩
3894:changed to Classical
3762:was fairly rare, and
3756:⟨ae au⟩
3415:long and short vowels
2786:⟨J U W⟩
2436:
2425:
2414:
2240:Classical Association
2221:Iowa State University
2175:
2095:
2075:Anglo-Norman language
1883:
1777:
1604:Canadian Armed Forces
1531:Montani Semper Liberi
1340:Non terrae plus ultra
1264:
1169:
1079:Renaissance humanists
1049:
986:
949:It was not until the
761:was devised from the
718:
695:Roman Catholic Church
680:
454:, Latin remained the
11340:Languages of Romania
11320:Languages of Andorra
10998:Stephanus Byzantinus
10903:Eusebius of Caesaria
10765:Sidonius Apollinaris
10455:Ammianus Marcellinus
9794:Tribune of the plebs
9305:Latino sine flexione
9290:Ecclesiastical Latin
8788:Latin language media
8559:ecclesiastical Latin
8498:8 March 2022 at the
8420:Whittaker, William.
7559:, Google Print, p.48
7442:on 14 January 2012.
7033:"About us (English)"
6904:www.lamoncloa.gob.es
6849:"University Sermons"
6747:Neo-Latin literature
6678:"What is Neo-Latin?"
6433:. London, New York:
6189:Latino sine flexione
5740:improve this section
4740:predicate nominative
4643:, the last of which
4195:), derived from the
4061:in Classical Latin.
3370:In Classical Latin,
2355:) – held in Zagreb (
2197:Frederic M. Wheelock
2189:Instruction in Latin
2147:Latino sine Flexione
1445:St. Paul's Cathedral
1300:A mari usque ad mare
1186:(hence the name) at
1154:Ecclesiastical Latin
1056:vernacular languages
897:took its place, the
891:Western Roman Empire
797:classical literature
691:Ecclesiastical Latin
607:Ecclesiastical Latin
452:fall of Western Rome
19:For other uses, see
11325:Languages of France
11174:Distinguished women
10825:Velleius Paterculus
10665:Nicolaus Damascenus
10645:Marcellus Empiricus
10034:Republican currency
9107:liturgical language
9049:? (possibly Celtic)
8834:, Haverford College
8437:. Alpheios Project.
8367:. Tufts University.
8337:. Tufts University.
8138:Demo, Šime (2022).
7777:on 13 November 2012
7523:on 16 November 2017
7043:on 10 February 2023
6830:The Daily Telegraph
6568:"Romance Languages"
6435:Macmillan & Co.
6298:. pp. 811–812.
6097:Ancient Rome portal
6058:Gaius Julius Caesar
4816:Vir puerum necāvit.
4494:Alternative scripts
4205:Phoenician alphabet
4203:and ultimately the
3946:
3939:⟨e ē⟩
3476:
3233:in Classical Latin
2835:
2813:⟨j v⟩
2811:. Some systems use
2809:⟨i v⟩
2805:⟨j u⟩
2798:⟨I V⟩
2794:⟨I V⟩
2790:⟨J U⟩
2347:Croatian Parliament
2284:National Latin Exam
2124:medical terminology
2106:the Linnaean system
1663:, which stands for
1513:Sic semper tyrannis
1411:Ad astra per aspera
1353:Strait of Gibraltar
1349:Pillars of Hercules
854:and those found as
580:early modern period
537:colloquial register
395:[ɫaˈtiːnʊ̃]
11345:Languages of Spain
11330:Languages of Italy
11315:Fusional languages
10948:Phlegon of Tralles
10755:Seneca the Younger
10229:Naming conventions
9959:Personal equipment
9492:Later Roman Empire
9258:Contemporary Latin
8755:on 27 October 2021
8341:A Latin Dictionary
7622:, pp. viii–ix
7602:Google Print, p.88
7491:. 23 November 2021
7354:. Cambridgescp.com
6731:Criticism, textual
6591:See Introduction,
6542:"History of Latin"
6270:www.britannica.com
6149:Contemporary Latin
6144:Classical compound
6125:Catholicism portal
5659:Germanic languages
5352:for feminine and -
4546:
4488:Vindolanda tablets
4468:
4460:Vindolanda tablets
4359:The first line of
4344:, letter case, or
4249:sub-Saharan Africa
4109:
4097:Duenos Inscription
3944:
3920:⟨ei⟩
3904:⟨oe⟩
3900:⟨oi⟩
3892:⟨ou⟩
3888:⟨oi⟩
3884:⟨ae⟩
3880:⟨āī⟩
3876:⟨ai⟩
3807:⟨oe⟩
3803:⟨ae⟩
3796:⟨ui⟩
3768:⟨ui⟩
3760:⟨oe⟩
3474:
3386:in loanwords from
3088:⟨qu⟩
3041:⟨ll⟩
2833:
2784:, and the letters
2442:
2428:
2417:
2321:Kingdom of Hungary
2182:
2158:Sardinian language
2111:Historia Naturalis
2098:
2012:The Cat in the Hat
1909:
1780:
1629:Harvard University
1616:Justitiae Pax Opus
1586:Per ardua ad astra
1282:
1192:
1150:Contemporary Latin
1144:Contemporary Latin
1060:
989:
735:
683:
618:greatly influenced
611:Contemporary Latin
585:Latin remains the
400:classical language
11287:
11286:
11249:Pontifices maximi
11031:
11030:
10888:Diogenes Laërtius
10710:Pliny the Younger
10465:Asconius Pedianus
10425:Romance languages
10297:Civil engineering
10039:Imperial currency
9912:Political control
9873:
9872:
9507:
9506:
9330:
9329:
9300:Romance languages
9295:Neo-Latin studies
9265:
9264:
9226:Renaissance Latin
9118:
9117:
9099:Romance languages
8917:Romance languages
8806:Ephemeris archive
8775:The latin library
8700:Cui, Ray (2005).
8688:. Athanæum Press.
8686:New Latin Grammar
8676:978-1-58510-067-5
8621:978-0-521-38587-9
8600:978-1-176-19706-0
8590:New Latin Grammar
8581:Grammar and study
8468:Community courses
8375:"Latin Inflector"
8347:. Online results.
8245:978-0-8196-0191-9
8226:978-0-271-02000-6
8203:978-81-215-0748-6
8106:. Facts On File.
8086:978-0-521-22049-1
8060:, pp. 35, 40
7986:978-0-7679-1172-6
7713:978-0-06-199721-1
7677:, pp. 45, 46
7645:978-0-19-508345-3
7232:978-0-397-00400-3
7223:Story of Language
7157:978-3-533-02253-4
6684:on 9 October 2016
6619:978-0-472-08567-5
6526:978-0-06-013312-2
6437:pp. 346–352.
6397:978-0-7679-1172-6
6321:"Archaic Latin".
6023:
6022:
5939:
5920:
5856:
5776:
5775:
5768:
5552:
5551:
5125:Latin conjugation
4554:fusional language
4519:Anglo-Saxon runes
4452:
4451:
4409:
4408:
4346:interword spacing
4312:for the purpose.
4274:. The letters K,
4197:Etruscan alphabet
4015:
4014:
3928:⟨ī⟩
3924:⟨ē⟩
3912:"punishment" and
3902:became Classical
3896:⟨ū⟩
3882:became Classical
3878:and the sequence
3730:⟨f⟩
3726:⟨s⟩
3722:⟨n⟩
3718:⟨m⟩
3698:
3697:
3667:⟨y⟩
3636:⟨u⟩
3601:⟨o⟩
3566:⟨i⟩
3531:⟨e⟩
3496:⟨a⟩
3452:⟨ꟾ⟩
3438:⟨I⟩
3419:⟨i⟩
3396:⟨i⟩
3392:⟨u⟩
3380:⟨Y⟩
3376:⟨V⟩
3372:⟨U⟩
3368:
3367:
3223:
3222:
3205:⟨s⟩
3201:⟨c⟩
3193:⟨x⟩
3144:⟨i⟩
3124:⟨s⟩
3120:⟨g⟩
3112:⟨u⟩
3045:⟨i⟩
3033:⟨l⟩
3013:⟨g⟩
3009:⟨x⟩
3005:⟨c⟩
2978:⟨n⟩
2958:⟨n⟩
2931:⟨g⟩
2907:⟨s⟩
2883:⟨t⟩
2859:⟨k⟩
2855:⟨c⟩
2849:English examples
2825:⟨v⟩
2751:
2750:
2626:
2598:
2552:
2511:
2434:
2423:
2412:
2381:Kingdom of Poland
2018:fabulae mirabiles
1842:Romance languages
1775:
1742:liceo scientifico
1643:Other modern uses
1517:("Thus always to
1389:("God enriches");
1374:have Latin mottos
1306:provincial mottos
1038:Renaissance Latin
998:Holy Roman Empire
911:Romance languages
905:Romance languages
895:Germanic kingdoms
865:Romance languages
845:Romance languages
763:Etruscan alphabet
587:official language
572:Renaissance Latin
450:. Even after the
444:Italian Peninsula
416:Romance Languages
414:evolved into the
402:belonging to the
367:
366:
349:rendering support
345:phonetic symbols.
197:Regulated by
11362:
11239:Magistri equitum
11154:Cities and towns
11147:
11073:Constantinopolis
10883:Diodorus Siculus
10815:Valerius Maximus
10750:Seneca the Elder
10670:Nonius Marcellus
10438:
10437:
9991:Hippika gymnasia
9954:Infantry tactics
9860:Consular tribune
9850:Magister equitum
9799:Military tribune
9764:
9763:
9724:Pontifex maximus
9719:Princeps senatus
9709:Magister militum
9475:Byzantine Empire
9396:
9395:
9357:
9350:
9343:
9334:
9333:
9280:Latin literature
9275:History of Latin
9254:
9238:
9184:
9162:
9161:
9145:
9138:
9131:
9122:
9121:
9091:Italic languages
8886:Italic languages
8879:
8872:
8865:
8856:
8855:
8801:
8764:
8762:
8760:
8751:. Archived from
8737:
8729:
8713:
8711:
8709:
8689:
8680:
8661:
8642:
8640:
8638:
8625:
8604:
8571:Beginners' Latin
8556:
8554:
8552:
8547:on 30 April 2011
8546:
8539:
8535:"Simplicissimus"
8529:
8527:
8525:
8450:
8438:
8429:
8428:on 18 June 2006.
8415:
8413:
8411:
8402:. Archived from
8394:
8385:
8383:
8381:
8368:
8355:
8338:
8313:
8304:
8295:
8276:
8249:
8230:
8207:
8188:
8169:
8159:
8134:
8125:
8098:
8061:
8055:
8049:
8048:, pp. 3, 46
8043:
8037:
8036:
8034:
8032:
8012:
8006:
8000:
7991:
7990:
7966:
7960:
7954:
7945:
7944:
7941:Wheelock's Latin
7936:
7927:
7926:
7918:
7912:
7906:
7900:
7894:
7883:
7877:
7871:
7865:
7859:
7858:, pp. 53–55
7853:
7847:
7846:
7810:
7804:
7803:, pp. 60–63
7798:
7787:
7786:
7784:
7782:
7776:
7770:. Archived from
7765:
7756:
7750:
7749:, pp. 33–34
7744:
7738:
7732:
7726:
7725:
7704:Wheelock's Latin
7699:
7678:
7672:
7666:
7660:
7654:
7653:
7629:
7623:
7617:
7611:
7586:
7577:
7566:
7560:
7549:
7543:
7539:
7533:
7532:
7530:
7528:
7507:
7501:
7500:
7498:
7496:
7481:
7475:
7474:
7472:
7470:
7454:
7448:
7447:
7438:. Archived from
7428:(10 July 2006).
7422:
7416:
7415:
7413:
7411:
7396:
7390:
7389:
7387:
7385:
7370:
7364:
7363:
7361:
7359:
7348:
7342:
7341:
7339:
7337:
7332:. Deutsche Welle
7325:
7319:
7318:
7316:
7314:
7299:
7293:
7292:
7290:
7288:
7272:
7266:
7263:
7257:
7253:
7247:
7243:
7237:
7236:
7215:
7209:
7208:
7206:
7204:
7198:
7187:
7177:
7171:
7168:
7162:
7161:
7143:
7137:
7136:
7129:
7123:
7105:
7099:
7098:
7096:
7094:
7080:
7074:
7073:
7071:
7069:
7059:
7053:
7052:
7050:
7048:
7029:
7023:
7022:
7020:
7018:
7003:
6997:
6996:
6994:
6992:
6970:
6964:
6963:
6961:
6959:
6944:
6938:
6937:
6932:. 24 June 2019.
6922:
6916:
6915:
6913:
6911:
6896:
6890:
6889:
6887:
6885:
6870:
6864:
6863:
6861:
6859:
6845:
6839:
6838:
6820:
6814:
6807:Political Action
6803:
6797:
6796:
6771:(111): 885–887.
6760:
6754:
6753:, pp. 338–9
6744:
6738:
6728:
6722:
6712:
6706:
6700:
6694:
6693:
6691:
6689:
6680:. Archived from
6673:
6667:
6660:
6654:
6653:
6651:
6649:
6630:
6624:
6623:
6605:
6596:
6595:, pp. 10–11
6589:
6583:
6582:
6580:
6578:
6563:
6557:
6556:
6554:
6552:
6540:Pulju, Timothy.
6537:
6531:
6530:
6506:
6500:
6499:
6497:
6495:
6481:
6475:
6469:
6463:
6462:, pp. 17–18
6457:
6451:
6445:
6439:
6438:
6426:
6420:
6419:
6408:
6402:
6401:
6377:
6371:
6370:
6364:
6362:
6345:
6339:
6338:, pp. 533–4
6333:
6327:
6326:
6318:
6312:
6306:
6300:
6299:
6287:
6281:
6280:
6278:
6276:
6262:
6127:
6122:
6121:
6113:
6108:
6107:
6099:
6094:
6093:
6092:
6051:
6049:De Bello Gallico
6045:
6030:
6013:
5997:
5982:
5967:
5952:
5937:
5933:
5918:
5914:
5899:
5884:
5869:
5854:
5850:
5834:
5818:
5802:
5795:
5794:
5788:as well as with
5771:
5764:
5760:
5757:
5751:
5720:
5712:
5703:
5693:
5687:
5681:
5648:
5642:
5633:
5623:
5617:
5612:(vaulted roof),
5611:
5604:Fall of Tarentum
5594:
5588:
5381:
5380:
5348:for masculine, -
5279:, "to be able";
5240:
5234:
5228:
5222:
5216:
5210:
5204:
5198:
5192:
5186:
5180:
5174:
5168:
5162:
5156:
5150:
5144:
5138:
5088:
5082:
5068:
5052:
5046:
5040:
5034:
5028:
5022:
5016:
4972:
4958:
4952:
4946:
4940:
4934:
4928:
4922:
4916:
4910:
4898:
4892:
4886:
4880:
4874:
4868:
4862:
4856:
4850:
4838:
4818:
4806:
4790:
4784:
4763:would be in the
4753:
4747:
4745:puella cucurrit,
4659:Latin declension
4648:
4642:
4636:
4630:
4624:
4504:Praeneste fibula
4448:
4436:
4424:
4414:
4413:
4405:
4400:with interpunct
4395:
4382:
4374:
4373:
4307:
4261:
4245:Turkic languages
4011:
4006:
3995:
3990:
3984:
3979:
3968:
3947:
3943:
3940:
3937:had merged with
3936:
3929:
3925:
3921:
3917:
3911:
3905:
3901:
3897:
3893:
3889:
3885:
3881:
3877:
3870:
3864:
3858:
3852:
3846:
3840:
3834:
3828:
3824:
3820:
3814:
3808:
3804:
3797:
3793:
3787:
3781:
3775:
3769:
3765:
3761:
3757:
3741:
3731:
3727:
3723:
3719:
3710:Andrea Calabrese
3668:
3637:
3602:
3567:
3532:
3497:
3490:modern examples
3477:
3473:
3467:
3460:
3453:
3445:
3439:
3435:
3431:
3420:
3409:
3408:
3403:
3397:
3393:
3381:
3377:
3373:
3362:
3357:
3343:
3338:
3329:
3324:
3312:
3307:
3298:
3293:
3270:
3269:
3248:
3244:
3238:
3218:
3206:
3202:
3194:
3186:
3182:
3176:
3165:
3157:
3145:
3137:
3129:
3125:
3121:
3113:
3105:
3089:
3081:
3060:
3046:
3042:
3034:
3026:
3014:
3010:
3006:
2995:
2979:
2971:
2959:
2948:
2932:
2924:
2908:
2900:
2884:
2876:
2860:
2856:
2836:
2832:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2799:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2771:
2769:
2755:
2745:
2736:
2729:
2705:
2684:
2674:
2667:
2653:
2640:
2633:
2622:
2608:
2594:
2582:
2575:
2566:
2559:
2548:
2541:
2534:
2525:
2518:
2507:
2460:
2459:
2435:
2424:
2413:
2375:
2373:
2372:
2360:
2354:
2341:
2339:
2338:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2201:Wheelock's Latin
2162:Standard Italian
2102:Roman technology
2040:
2020:
1996:
1894:
1776:
1762:
1754:
1745:
1737:
1717:
1668:
1654:
1638:
1618:
1601:
1599:Vigilamus pro te
1589:
1563:
1549:
1534:
1516:
1502:
1488:
1485:Esse Quam Videri
1475:("Ever upward");
1474:
1460:
1441:Christopher Wren
1438:
1426:
1414:
1400:
1388:
1342:
1332:
1321:
1303:
1279:
1233:
1138:Romance language
1026:
1020:
1014:
1008:
1000:and its allies.
893:fell in 476 and
834:
729:
726:
673:History of Latin
622:English language
397:
392:
386:
381:
377:
333:
330:
321:
312:
298:
292:
276:
260:
253:
244:
243:
235:
226:
225:
217:
175:
122:
111:
47:
35:
34:
11370:
11369:
11365:
11364:
11363:
11361:
11360:
11359:
11290:
11289:
11288:
11283:
11145:
11143:
11137:
11027:
10863:Aëtius of Amida
10844:
10830:Verrius Flaccus
10810:Valerius Antias
10770:Silius Italicus
10705:Pliny the Elder
10650:Marcus Aurelius
10525:Cornelius Nepos
10475:Aurelius Victor
10429:
10351:
10263:
10197:Secessio plebis
10168:
10043:
9995:
9869:
9823:
9753:
9635:
9587:
9503:
9424:
9385:
9367:
9361:
9331:
9326:
9266:
9261:
9256:
9252:
9245:
9240:
9236:
9229:
9224:
9216:
9211:
9203:
9198:
9190:
9187:Classical Latin
9185:
9180:
9175:
9170:
9155:
9149:
9119:
9114:
9111:Catholic Church
9083:
9067:
9041:Ancient Belgian
9029:
8934:
8894:Latino-Faliscan
8888:
8883:
8790:
8771:
8758:
8756:
8707:
8705:
8696:
8677:
8658:
8636:
8634:
8622:
8601:
8583:
8550:
8548:
8544:
8537:
8523:
8521:
8520:. Molendinarius
8500:Wayback Machine
8464:
8433:
8409:
8407:
8398:
8389:
8379:
8377:
8359:
8350:
8329:
8326:
8321:
8316:
8292:
8265:
8246:
8227:
8204:
8185:
8114:
8087:
8070:
8065:
8064:
8056:
8052:
8044:
8040:
8030:
8028:
8027:on 4 March 2016
8013:
8009:
8001:
7994:
7987:
7967:
7963:
7955:
7948:
7937:
7930:
7921:"Conjugation".
7920:
7919:
7915:
7907:
7903:
7895:
7886:
7878:
7874:
7866:
7862:
7854:
7850:
7811:
7807:
7799:
7790:
7780:
7778:
7774:
7763:
7757:
7753:
7745:
7741:
7733:
7729:
7714:
7700:
7681:
7673:
7669:
7661:
7657:
7646:
7630:
7626:
7618:
7614:
7609:Wayback Machine
7587:
7580:
7567:
7563:
7550:
7546:
7540:
7536:
7526:
7524:
7509:
7508:
7504:
7494:
7492:
7483:
7482:
7478:
7468:
7466:
7455:
7451:
7423:
7419:
7409:
7407:
7398:
7397:
7393:
7383:
7381:
7376:. .open.ac.uk.
7372:
7371:
7367:
7357:
7355:
7350:
7349:
7345:
7335:
7333:
7326:
7322:
7312:
7310:
7300:
7296:
7286:
7284:
7273:
7269:
7264:
7260:
7254:
7250:
7244:
7240:
7233:
7216:
7212:
7202:
7200:
7196:
7185:
7179:
7178:
7174:
7169:
7165:
7158:
7144:
7140:
7131:
7130:
7126:
7119:Wayback Machine
7106:
7102:
7092:
7090:
7082:
7081:
7077:
7067:
7065:
7061:
7060:
7056:
7046:
7044:
7031:
7030:
7026:
7016:
7014:
7007:"Nuntii Latini"
7005:
7004:
7000:
6990:
6988:
6971:
6967:
6957:
6955:
6954:on 18 June 2010
6946:
6945:
6941:
6924:
6923:
6919:
6909:
6907:
6898:
6897:
6893:
6883:
6881:
6872:
6871:
6867:
6857:
6855:
6847:
6846:
6842:
6821:
6817:
6805:Laureys, Marc,
6804:
6800:
6761:
6757:
6745:
6741:
6729:
6725:
6713:
6709:
6701:
6697:
6687:
6685:
6676:
6674:
6670:
6661:
6657:
6647:
6645:
6638:British Library
6632:
6631:
6627:
6620:
6606:
6599:
6590:
6586:
6576:
6574:
6564:
6560:
6550:
6548:
6546:Rice University
6538:
6534:
6527:
6507:
6503:
6493:
6491:
6483:
6482:
6478:
6470:
6466:
6458:
6454:
6446:
6442:
6427:
6423:
6412:Pope, Mildred K
6409:
6405:
6398:
6378:
6374:
6360:
6358:
6347:
6346:
6342:
6334:
6330:
6320:
6319:
6315:
6307:
6303:
6288:
6284:
6274:
6272:
6264:
6263:
6259:
6254:
6249:
6179:Latin obscenity
6174:Latin mnemonics
6139:Botanical Latin
6123:
6116:
6111:Language portal
6109:
6102:
6095:
6090:
6088:
6085:
6037:
6028:ūnus, duo, trēs
5800:ūnus, ūna, ūnum
5782:
5772:
5761:
5755:
5752:
5737:
5721:
5710:
5573:
5557:
5522:-eritis/-erītis
5519:-erimus/-erīmus
5507:Future Perfect
5363:tenses of Latin
5361:The six simple
5249:Irregular verbs
5127:
5119:Main articles:
5117:
5104:
5095:
4985:
4979:
4801:to the woman. (
4751:cucurrit puella
4661:
4655:
4538:
4530:Main articles:
4528:
4496:
4403:
4393:
4380:
4338:
4089:
4083:
4055:
4043:
4020:
4007:
3991:
3980:
3938:
3934:
3927:
3926:, to Classical
3923:
3919:
3903:
3899:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3879:
3875:
3859:"I destroyed",
3822:
3806:
3802:
3795:
3767:
3763:
3759:
3755:
3748:
3729:
3725:
3721:
3717:
3702:W. Sidney Allen
3666:
3646:in put (/pʊt/)
3635:
3600:
3565:
3530:
3517:similar to the
3502:similar to the
3495:
3486:
3481:
3465:
3458:
3451:
3437:
3429:
3418:
3395:
3391:
3379:
3375:
3371:
3268:
3263:
3204:
3200:
3192:
3143:
3123:
3119:
3111:
3087:
3044:
3040:
3032:
3012:
3008:
3004:
2977:
2957:
2930:
2906:
2882:
2858:
2854:
2845:
2840:
2827:is never used.
2824:
2820:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2797:
2793:
2789:
2785:
2765:
2451:
2430:
2419:
2402:
2400:
2394:
2370:
2368:
2336:
2334:
2329:Janus Pannonius
2310:
2308:
2302:
2300:Official status
2248:Open University
2170:
2156:dialect of the
2116:Pliny the Elder
2071:Norman Conquest
2055:
2031:
1993:Le Petit Prince
1968:Winnie the Pooh
1962:Paddington Bear
1956:Robinson Crusoe
1950:Treasure Island
1931:, published by
1923:, published by
1878:
1870:Catholic Church
1848:in English and
1811:
1803:Latin Knowledge
1766:
1749:Humanistisches
1720:Igor Stravinsky
1645:
1592:Royal Air Force
1499:Dum spiro spero
1424:Nil sine numine
1362:E pluribus unum
1296:Canada's motto
1291:Western culture
1287:
1216:Mass of Paul VI
1212:Tridentine Mass
1196:Catholic Church
1164:
1156:
1148:Main articles:
1146:
1112:George Buchanan
1092:Joseph Scaliger
1044:
1036:Main articles:
1034:
981:
975:
919:
913:
907:
899:Germanic people
879:
873:
823:
817:
789:Classical Latin
785:
783:Classical Latin
779:
777:Classical Latin
747:Classical Latin
727:
713:
707:
675:
669:
638:Norman Conquest
628:to the English
599:Catholic Church
547:and the author
533:Classical Latin
518:Greek alphabets
456:common language
379:
347:Without proper
335:
331:
308:
294:
293:
288:
272:
269:
256:
249:
239:
238:
231:
221:
220:
213:
191:Official status
176:
171:
165:
158:
151:
138:Latino-Faliscan
123:
120:Language family
118:
100:
79:
58:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
11368:
11358:
11357:
11352:
11347:
11342:
11337:
11332:
11327:
11322:
11317:
11312:
11310:Forms of Latin
11307:
11305:Latin language
11302:
11285:
11284:
11282:
11281:
11276:
11271:
11266:
11261:
11256:
11251:
11246:
11241:
11236:
11231:
11226:
11221:
11216:
11211:
11206:
11201:
11196:
11191:
11186:
11181:
11176:
11171:
11166:
11161:
11156:
11150:
11148:
11139:
11138:
11136:
11135:
11130:
11125:
11120:
11115:
11110:
11105:
11100:
11095:
11090:
11085:
11080:
11075:
11070:
11065:
11060:
11055:
11050:
11045:
11039:
11037:
11033:
11032:
11029:
11028:
11026:
11025:
11020:
11015:
11010:
11005:
11000:
10995:
10990:
10985:
10980:
10975:
10970:
10965:
10960:
10955:
10950:
10945:
10940:
10935:
10930:
10925:
10920:
10915:
10910:
10905:
10900:
10895:
10890:
10885:
10880:
10875:
10870:
10865:
10860:
10854:
10852:
10846:
10845:
10843:
10842:
10837:
10832:
10827:
10822:
10817:
10812:
10807:
10802:
10797:
10792:
10787:
10782:
10777:
10772:
10767:
10762:
10757:
10752:
10747:
10742:
10737:
10732:
10727:
10722:
10717:
10715:Pomponius Mela
10712:
10707:
10702:
10697:
10692:
10687:
10682:
10677:
10672:
10667:
10662:
10657:
10652:
10647:
10642:
10637:
10632:
10627:
10622:
10617:
10612:
10607:
10602:
10597:
10592:
10587:
10582:
10577:
10572:
10567:
10562:
10557:
10552:
10547:
10542:
10537:
10532:
10527:
10522:
10517:
10512:
10507:
10502:
10497:
10492:
10487:
10482:
10477:
10472:
10467:
10462:
10457:
10452:
10450:Aelius Donatus
10446:
10444:
10435:
10431:
10430:
10428:
10427:
10422:
10421:
10420:
10418:Ecclesiastical
10415:
10410:
10405:
10400:
10395:
10390:
10385:
10380:
10372:
10367:
10361:
10359:
10353:
10352:
10350:
10349:
10344:
10339:
10334:
10329:
10324:
10319:
10314:
10309:
10304:
10299:
10294:
10289:
10284:
10279:
10273:
10271:
10265:
10264:
10262:
10261:
10256:
10251:
10246:
10241:
10236:
10231:
10226:
10221:
10220:
10219:
10209:
10204:
10199:
10194:
10189:
10184:
10178:
10176:
10170:
10169:
10167:
10166:
10161:
10159:Toys and games
10156:
10151:
10146:
10141:
10136:
10131:
10130:
10129:
10119:
10114:
10109:
10104:
10099:
10094:
10089:
10084:
10079:
10074:
10069:
10064:
10059:
10053:
10051:
10045:
10044:
10042:
10041:
10036:
10031:
10026:
10021:
10016:
10011:
10005:
10003:
9997:
9996:
9994:
9993:
9988:
9983:
9978:
9973:
9972:
9971:
9966:
9961:
9956:
9951:
9941:
9936:
9935:
9934:
9924:
9919:
9914:
9909:
9904:
9899:
9894:
9889:
9883:
9881:
9875:
9874:
9871:
9870:
9868:
9867:
9862:
9857:
9852:
9847:
9842:
9837:
9831:
9829:
9825:
9824:
9822:
9821:
9816:
9811:
9806:
9801:
9796:
9791:
9786:
9781:
9776:
9770:
9768:
9761:
9755:
9754:
9752:
9751:
9746:
9741:
9736:
9731:
9726:
9721:
9716:
9711:
9706:
9701:
9699:Vigintisexviri
9696:
9691:
9686:
9681:
9676:
9671:
9666:
9661:
9659:Cursus honorum
9656:
9651:
9645:
9643:
9637:
9636:
9634:
9633:
9628:
9623:
9618:
9613:
9608:
9603:
9597:
9595:
9589:
9588:
9586:
9585:
9580:
9575:
9574:
9573:
9568:
9563:
9558:
9548:
9543:
9538:
9533:
9528:
9523:
9517:
9515:
9509:
9508:
9505:
9504:
9502:
9501:
9500:
9499:
9489:
9488:
9487:
9482:
9472:
9471:
9470:
9465:
9458:Western Empire
9455:
9450:
9445:
9440:
9434:
9432:
9426:
9425:
9423:
9422:
9417:
9416:
9415:
9405:
9399:
9393:
9387:
9386:
9384:
9383:
9378:
9372:
9369:
9368:
9360:
9359:
9352:
9345:
9337:
9328:
9327:
9325:
9324:
9319:
9314:
9307:
9302:
9297:
9292:
9287:
9282:
9277:
9271:
9268:
9267:
9263:
9262:
9248:
9246:
9232:
9230:
9219:
9217:
9213:Medieval Latin
9206:
9204:
9193:
9191:
9182:75 BC – 200 AD
9178:
9176:
9165:
9160:
9157:
9156:
9148:
9147:
9140:
9133:
9125:
9116:
9115:
9088:
9085:
9084:
9082:
9081:
9075:
9073:
9069:
9068:
9066:
9065:
9055:
9050:
9044:
9037:
9035:
9031:
9030:
9028:
9027:
9026:
9025:
9020:
9015:
9010:
9003:Umbrian group
9001:
8996:
8991:
8986:
8985:
8984:
8978:
8973:
8968:
8963:
8958:
8953:
8944:
8942:
8936:
8935:
8933:
8932:
8926:
8921:
8920:
8919:
8909:
8904:
8898:
8896:
8890:
8889:
8882:
8881:
8874:
8867:
8859:
8853:
8852:
8847:
8841:
8835:
8829:
8815:
8809:
8803:
8789:
8786:
8785:
8784:
8778:
8770:
8767:
8766:
8765:
8738:
8714:
8695:
8692:
8691:
8690:
8681:
8675:
8662:
8656:
8643:
8631:"Latin Online"
8626:
8620:
8605:
8599:
8582:
8579:
8578:
8577:
8568:
8562:
8530:
8509:
8503:
8490:
8484:
8474:
8463:
8460:
8459:
8458:
8455:Collatinus web
8451:
8440:
8431:
8417:
8406:on 18 May 2016
8396:
8387:
8373:Aversa, Alan.
8370:
8365:Perseus Hopper
8357:
8348:
8335:Perseus Hopper
8325:
8324:Language tools
8322:
8320:
8319:External links
8317:
8315:
8314:
8305:
8296:
8290:
8277:
8263:
8250:
8244:
8231:
8225:
8208:
8202:
8189:
8183:
8170:
8135:
8126:
8112:
8099:
8085:
8071:
8069:
8066:
8063:
8062:
8050:
8038:
8007:
7992:
7985:
7961:
7946:
7928:
7913:
7901:
7884:
7872:
7860:
7848:
7827:10.2307/282713
7805:
7788:
7751:
7739:
7737:, p. 174.
7727:
7712:
7679:
7667:
7655:
7644:
7624:
7612:
7578:
7561:
7544:
7534:
7502:
7476:
7449:
7417:
7391:
7365:
7343:
7320:
7294:
7267:
7258:
7248:
7238:
7231:
7210:
7172:
7163:
7156:
7138:
7124:
7108:Sawicka, Irena
7100:
7088:mcl.as.uky.edu
7075:
7054:
7024:
6998:
6965:
6939:
6917:
6891:
6865:
6840:
6815:
6798:
6755:
6739:
6723:
6707:
6695:
6668:
6655:
6625:
6618:
6597:
6584:
6558:
6532:
6525:
6501:
6476:
6464:
6452:
6440:
6421:
6403:
6396:
6372:
6340:
6328:
6313:
6311:, pp. 1–3
6301:
6282:
6256:
6255:
6253:
6250:
6248:
6247:
6242:
6237:
6232:
6227:
6222:
6217:
6212:
6207:
6202:
6197:
6192:
6186:
6181:
6176:
6171:
6166:
6161:
6156:
6151:
6146:
6141:
6136:
6130:
6129:
6128:
6114:
6100:
6084:
6081:
6056:), written by
6054:The Gallic War
6046:, also called
6036:
6033:
6021:
6020:
6017:
6014:
6006:
6005:
6002:
5999:
5990:
5989:
5986:
5983:
5975:
5974:
5971:
5968:
5960:
5959:
5956:
5953:
5945:
5944:
5941:
5934:
5926:
5925:
5922:
5915:
5907:
5906:
5903:
5900:
5892:
5891:
5888:
5885:
5877:
5876:
5873:
5870:
5862:
5861:
5858:
5851:
5843:
5842:
5839:
5836:
5827:
5826:
5823:
5820:
5816:duo, duae, duo
5811:
5810:
5807:
5804:
5790:Roman numerals
5786:Arabic numbers
5774:
5773:
5724:
5722:
5715:
5709:
5706:
5618:(symbol), and
5572:
5569:
5556:
5555:Deponent verbs
5553:
5550:
5549:
5546:
5543:
5540:
5537:
5534:
5531:
5527:
5526:
5523:
5520:
5517:
5514:
5511:
5508:
5504:
5503:
5500:
5497:
5494:
5491:
5488:
5485:
5481:
5480:
5477:
5474:
5471:
5468:
5465:
5462:
5458:
5457:
5454:
5453:-bitis, -ētis
5451:
5448:
5445:
5442:
5439:
5435:
5434:
5431:
5428:
5425:
5422:
5419:
5416:
5412:
5411:
5408:
5405:
5402:
5399:
5396:
5392:
5391:
5388:
5385:
5370:) and second (
5359:
5358:
5341:
5338:
5335:
5263:, "to carry";
5116:
5113:
5103:
5100:
5094:
5091:
5058:
5010:
4981:Main article:
4978:
4975:
4961:
4960:
4917:(ground), and
4900:
4840:
4820:
4808:
4792:
4754:
4721:
4720:
4709:
4698:
4687:
4676:
4657:Main article:
4654:
4651:
4527:
4524:
4523:
4522:
4507:
4495:
4492:
4480:Hadrian's Wall
4450:
4449:
4442:
4438:
4437:
4430:
4426:
4425:
4418:
4407:
4406:
4401:
4397:
4396:
4391:
4384:
4383:
4378:
4337:
4334:
4201:Greek alphabet
4087:Latin alphabet
4085:Main article:
4082:
4079:
4078:
4077:
4076:
4075:
4072:
4066:
4054:
4051:
4042:
4039:
4019:
4016:
4013:
4012:
4001:
3997:
3996:
3985:
3974:
3970:
3969:
3963:
3961:
3957:
3956:
3953:
3950:
3853:"I released",
3747:
3744:
3696:
3695:
3685:
3682:
3681:
3671:
3669:
3663:
3662:
3651:
3648:
3647:
3640:
3638:
3632:
3631:
3620:
3617:
3616:
3605:
3603:
3597:
3596:
3585:
3582:
3581:
3570:
3568:
3562:
3561:
3550:
3547:
3546:
3535:
3533:
3527:
3526:
3515:
3512:
3511:
3500:
3498:
3492:
3491:
3488:
3483:
3366:
3365:
3363:
3351:
3349:
3345:
3344:
3332:
3330:
3318:
3314:
3313:
3301:
3299:
3287:
3283:
3282:
3279:
3276:
3273:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3249:as in English
3221:
3220:
3197:
3195:
3189:
3188:
3171:
3168:
3167:
3148:
3146:
3140:
3139:
3116:
3114:
3108:
3107:
3092:
3090:
3084:
3083:
3066:
3063:
3062:
3037:
3035:
3029:
3028:
3001:
2998:
2997:
2982:
2980:
2974:
2973:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2935:
2933:
2927:
2926:
2911:
2909:
2903:
2902:
2887:
2885:
2879:
2878:
2863:
2861:
2851:
2850:
2847:
2842:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2739:
2737:
2730:
2723:
2721:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2710:
2708:
2706:
2699:
2697:
2691:
2690:
2688:
2686:
2677:
2675:
2668:
2661:
2655:
2654:
2647:
2645:
2643:
2641:
2634:
2627:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2614:
2612:
2610:
2601:
2599:
2592:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2576:
2569:
2567:
2560:
2553:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2535:
2528:
2526:
2519:
2512:
2505:
2499:
2498:
2493:
2489:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2453:The consonant
2450:
2447:
2396:Main article:
2393:
2390:
2389:
2388:
2366:
2332:
2301:
2298:
2223:. The British
2169:
2166:
2073:, through the
2054:
2051:
2030:
2027:
2000:Max and Moritz
1905:Roman Republic
1877:
1874:
1810:
1807:
1755:and the Dutch
1734:liceo classico
1728:public schools
1644:
1641:
1625:
1624:
1608:
1607:
1595:
1581:
1569:
1560:Semper Fidelis
1555:
1546:Semper Paratus
1537:
1536:
1522:
1504:
1493:South Carolina
1490:
1479:North Carolina
1476:
1462:
1448:
1428:
1416:
1402:
1390:
1325:Spain's motto
1314:Victoria Cross
1286:
1283:
1267:European Union
1224:public journal
1184:Hadrian's Wall
1163:
1160:
1145:
1142:
1088:Isaac Casaubon
1033:
1030:
979:Medieval Latin
977:Main article:
974:
973:Medieval Latin
971:
909:Main article:
906:
903:
875:Main article:
872:
869:
819:Main article:
816:
813:
781:Main article:
778:
775:
759:Latin alphabet
743:Roman Republic
709:Main article:
706:
703:
699:late antiquity
671:Main article:
668:
665:
560:Medieval Latin
525:Roman Republic
510:Latin alphabet
440:Roman Republic
426:(now known as
365:
364:
351:, you may see
337:
336:
322:
314:
313:
306:
300:
299:
286:
278:
277:
270:
265:
262:
261:
254:
246:
245:
236:
228:
227:
218:
210:
209:
208:Language codes
205:
204:
199:
193:
192:
188:
187:
180:Latin alphabet
177:
173:Writing system
170:
167:
166:
161:
159:
156:
153:
152:
150:
149:
148:
147:
146:
145:
126:
124:
117:
114:
113:
106:
102:
101:
99:
98:
93:
87:
85:
81:
80:
78:
77:
72:
66:
64:
63:Native to
60:
59:
48:
40:
39:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
11367:
11356:
11353:
11351:
11348:
11346:
11343:
11341:
11338:
11336:
11333:
11331:
11328:
11326:
11323:
11321:
11318:
11316:
11313:
11311:
11308:
11306:
11303:
11301:
11298:
11297:
11295:
11280:
11277:
11275:
11272:
11270:
11267:
11265:
11262:
11260:
11257:
11255:
11252:
11250:
11247:
11245:
11242:
11240:
11237:
11235:
11232:
11230:
11227:
11225:
11222:
11220:
11217:
11215:
11212:
11210:
11207:
11205:
11202:
11200:
11197:
11195:
11192:
11190:
11187:
11185:
11182:
11180:
11177:
11175:
11172:
11170:
11167:
11165:
11162:
11160:
11157:
11155:
11152:
11151:
11149:
11140:
11134:
11131:
11129:
11126:
11124:
11121:
11119:
11116:
11114:
11111:
11109:
11106:
11104:
11101:
11099:
11096:
11094:
11091:
11089:
11086:
11084:
11081:
11079:
11076:
11074:
11071:
11069:
11066:
11064:
11061:
11059:
11056:
11054:
11051:
11049:
11046:
11044:
11041:
11040:
11038:
11034:
11024:
11021:
11019:
11016:
11014:
11011:
11009:
11006:
11004:
11001:
10999:
10996:
10994:
10991:
10989:
10986:
10984:
10981:
10979:
10976:
10974:
10971:
10969:
10966:
10964:
10961:
10959:
10956:
10954:
10951:
10949:
10946:
10944:
10941:
10939:
10936:
10934:
10931:
10929:
10926:
10924:
10921:
10919:
10916:
10914:
10911:
10909:
10906:
10904:
10901:
10899:
10896:
10894:
10891:
10889:
10886:
10884:
10881:
10879:
10876:
10874:
10871:
10869:
10866:
10864:
10861:
10859:
10856:
10855:
10853:
10851:
10847:
10841:
10838:
10836:
10833:
10831:
10828:
10826:
10823:
10821:
10818:
10816:
10813:
10811:
10808:
10806:
10803:
10801:
10798:
10796:
10793:
10791:
10788:
10786:
10783:
10781:
10778:
10776:
10773:
10771:
10768:
10766:
10763:
10761:
10758:
10756:
10753:
10751:
10748:
10746:
10743:
10741:
10738:
10736:
10733:
10731:
10728:
10726:
10723:
10721:
10718:
10716:
10713:
10711:
10708:
10706:
10703:
10701:
10698:
10696:
10693:
10691:
10688:
10686:
10683:
10681:
10678:
10676:
10673:
10671:
10668:
10666:
10663:
10661:
10658:
10656:
10653:
10651:
10648:
10646:
10643:
10641:
10638:
10636:
10633:
10631:
10628:
10626:
10623:
10621:
10618:
10616:
10613:
10611:
10608:
10606:
10605:Julius Paulus
10603:
10601:
10598:
10596:
10593:
10591:
10588:
10586:
10583:
10581:
10578:
10576:
10573:
10571:
10568:
10566:
10563:
10561:
10558:
10556:
10553:
10551:
10548:
10546:
10543:
10541:
10540:Fabius Pictor
10538:
10536:
10533:
10531:
10528:
10526:
10523:
10521:
10518:
10516:
10513:
10511:
10508:
10506:
10503:
10501:
10498:
10496:
10493:
10491:
10488:
10486:
10483:
10481:
10478:
10476:
10473:
10471:
10468:
10466:
10463:
10461:
10458:
10456:
10453:
10451:
10448:
10447:
10445:
10443:
10439:
10436:
10432:
10426:
10423:
10419:
10416:
10414:
10411:
10409:
10406:
10404:
10401:
10399:
10396:
10394:
10391:
10389:
10386:
10384:
10381:
10379:
10376:
10375:
10373:
10371:
10368:
10366:
10363:
10362:
10360:
10358:
10354:
10348:
10345:
10343:
10340:
10338:
10335:
10333:
10330:
10328:
10325:
10323:
10320:
10318:
10315:
10313:
10310:
10308:
10305:
10303:
10300:
10298:
10295:
10293:
10290:
10288:
10285:
10283:
10280:
10278:
10277:Amphitheatres
10275:
10274:
10272:
10270:
10266:
10260:
10257:
10255:
10252:
10250:
10247:
10245:
10242:
10240:
10237:
10235:
10232:
10230:
10227:
10225:
10222:
10218:
10215:
10214:
10213:
10210:
10208:
10205:
10203:
10200:
10198:
10195:
10193:
10190:
10188:
10185:
10183:
10180:
10179:
10177:
10175:
10171:
10165:
10162:
10160:
10157:
10155:
10152:
10150:
10147:
10145:
10142:
10140:
10137:
10135:
10132:
10128:
10125:
10124:
10123:
10120:
10118:
10115:
10113:
10110:
10108:
10105:
10103:
10100:
10098:
10095:
10093:
10090:
10088:
10085:
10083:
10080:
10078:
10075:
10073:
10070:
10068:
10065:
10063:
10060:
10058:
10055:
10054:
10052:
10050:
10046:
10040:
10037:
10035:
10032:
10030:
10027:
10025:
10022:
10020:
10017:
10015:
10014:Deforestation
10012:
10010:
10007:
10006:
10004:
10002:
9998:
9992:
9989:
9987:
9984:
9982:
9979:
9977:
9974:
9970:
9967:
9965:
9964:Siege engines
9962:
9960:
9957:
9955:
9952:
9950:
9947:
9946:
9945:
9942:
9940:
9937:
9933:
9930:
9929:
9928:
9925:
9923:
9920:
9918:
9915:
9913:
9910:
9908:
9905:
9903:
9900:
9898:
9897:Establishment
9895:
9893:
9890:
9888:
9885:
9884:
9882:
9880:
9876:
9866:
9863:
9861:
9858:
9856:
9853:
9851:
9848:
9846:
9843:
9841:
9838:
9836:
9833:
9832:
9830:
9828:Extraordinary
9826:
9820:
9817:
9815:
9814:Promagistrate
9812:
9810:
9807:
9805:
9802:
9800:
9797:
9795:
9792:
9790:
9787:
9785:
9782:
9780:
9777:
9775:
9772:
9771:
9769:
9765:
9762:
9760:
9756:
9750:
9747:
9745:
9742:
9740:
9737:
9735:
9732:
9730:
9727:
9725:
9722:
9720:
9717:
9715:
9712:
9710:
9707:
9705:
9702:
9700:
9697:
9695:
9692:
9690:
9687:
9685:
9682:
9680:
9677:
9675:
9672:
9670:
9667:
9665:
9662:
9660:
9657:
9655:
9652:
9650:
9647:
9646:
9644:
9642:
9638:
9632:
9629:
9627:
9624:
9622:
9619:
9617:
9614:
9612:
9609:
9607:
9604:
9602:
9601:Twelve Tables
9599:
9598:
9596:
9594:
9590:
9584:
9581:
9579:
9576:
9572:
9569:
9567:
9564:
9562:
9559:
9557:
9554:
9553:
9552:
9549:
9547:
9544:
9542:
9539:
9537:
9534:
9532:
9529:
9527:
9524:
9522:
9519:
9518:
9516:
9514:
9510:
9498:
9495:
9494:
9493:
9490:
9486:
9483:
9481:
9478:
9477:
9476:
9473:
9469:
9466:
9464:
9461:
9460:
9459:
9456:
9454:
9451:
9449:
9446:
9444:
9441:
9439:
9436:
9435:
9433:
9431:
9427:
9421:
9418:
9414:
9411:
9410:
9409:
9406:
9404:
9401:
9400:
9397:
9394:
9392:
9388:
9382:
9379:
9377:
9374:
9373:
9370:
9365:
9358:
9353:
9351:
9346:
9344:
9339:
9338:
9335:
9323:
9320:
9318:
9317:Hiberno-Latin
9315:
9313:
9312:
9308:
9306:
9303:
9301:
9298:
9296:
9293:
9291:
9288:
9286:
9283:
9281:
9278:
9276:
9273:
9272:
9269:
9260:
9259:
9255:
9247:
9244:
9243:
9239:
9231:
9228:
9227:
9223:
9218:
9215:
9214:
9210:
9205:
9202:
9201:
9197:
9192:
9189:
9188:
9183:
9177:
9174:
9173:
9169:
9164:
9163:
9158:
9154:
9146:
9141:
9139:
9134:
9132:
9127:
9126:
9123:
9112:
9108:
9104:
9100:
9096:
9092:
9086:
9080:
9077:
9076:
9074:
9072:Reconstructed
9070:
9063:
9059:
9056:
9054:
9051:
9048:
9045:
9042:
9039:
9038:
9036:
9032:
9024:
9021:
9019:
9016:
9014:
9011:
9008:
9005:
9004:
9002:
9000:
8997:
8995:
8992:
8990:
8987:
8982:
8979:
8977:
8974:
8972:
8969:
8967:
8964:
8962:
8959:
8957:
8954:
8952:
8949:
8948:
8946:
8945:
8943:
8941:
8937:
8930:
8927:
8925:
8924:Praenestinian
8922:
8918:
8915:
8914:
8913:
8910:
8908:
8905:
8903:
8900:
8899:
8897:
8895:
8891:
8887:
8880:
8875:
8873:
8868:
8866:
8861:
8860:
8857:
8851:
8848:
8845:
8842:
8839:
8836:
8833:
8830:
8827:
8823:
8819:
8818:Nuntii Latini
8816:
8813:
8812:Nuntii Latini
8810:
8807:
8804:
8800:
8795:
8792:
8791:
8782:
8779:
8776:
8773:
8772:
8754:
8750:
8749:
8744:
8739:
8735:
8734:
8728:
8723:
8719:
8715:
8703:
8698:
8697:
8687:
8682:
8678:
8672:
8668:
8663:
8659:
8657:87-997016-5-0
8653:
8649:
8644:
8632:
8627:
8623:
8617:
8613:
8612:
8606:
8602:
8596:
8592:
8591:
8585:
8584:
8576:
8572:
8569:
8566:
8563:
8560:
8557:(a course in
8543:
8536:
8531:
8519:
8515:
8510:
8507:
8504:
8501:
8497:
8494:
8491:
8488:
8485:
8483:at UT Austin)
8482:
8478:
8477:Latin Lessons
8475:
8473:
8469:
8466:
8465:
8456:
8452:
8448:
8447:
8441:
8436:
8432:
8427:
8423:
8418:
8405:
8401:
8397:
8392:
8388:
8376:
8371:
8366:
8362:
8358:
8353:
8349:
8346:
8342:
8336:
8332:
8328:
8327:
8311:
8306:
8302:
8297:
8293:
8291:0-226-47602-2
8287:
8283:
8278:
8274:
8270:
8266:
8264:9780190886998
8260:
8256:
8251:
8247:
8241:
8237:
8232:
8228:
8222:
8218:
8214:
8209:
8205:
8199:
8195:
8190:
8186:
8184:9789004269071
8180:
8176:
8171:
8167:
8163:
8158:
8153:
8149:
8145:
8141:
8136:
8132:
8127:
8123:
8119:
8115:
8109:
8105:
8100:
8096:
8092:
8088:
8082:
8078:
8073:
8072:
8059:
8054:
8047:
8042:
8026:
8022:
8018:
8011:
8004:
7999:
7997:
7988:
7982:
7978:
7974:
7973:
7965:
7958:
7953:
7951:
7942:
7935:
7933:
7924:
7917:
7911:, p. 540
7910:
7909:Diringer 1996
7905:
7899:, p. 538
7898:
7897:Diringer 1996
7893:
7891:
7889:
7882:, p. 536
7881:
7880:Diringer 1996
7876:
7869:
7868:Diringer 1996
7864:
7857:
7852:
7844:
7840:
7836:
7832:
7828:
7824:
7820:
7816:
7809:
7802:
7797:
7795:
7793:
7773:
7769:
7762:
7755:
7748:
7743:
7736:
7731:
7723:
7719:
7715:
7709:
7705:
7698:
7696:
7694:
7692:
7690:
7688:
7686:
7684:
7676:
7671:
7665:, p. 150
7664:
7659:
7651:
7647:
7641:
7637:
7636:
7628:
7621:
7616:
7610:
7606:
7603:
7599:
7598:0-521-58335-7
7595:
7591:
7585:
7583:
7575:
7574:0-313-33125-1
7571:
7565:
7558:
7557:0-300-06078-5
7554:
7548:
7538:
7522:
7518:
7517:
7512:
7506:
7490:
7486:
7480:
7464:
7460:
7453:
7446:
7441:
7437:
7436:
7431:
7427:
7421:
7405:
7401:
7395:
7379:
7375:
7369:
7353:
7347:
7331:
7324:
7309:
7305:
7298:
7282:
7278:
7271:
7262:
7252:
7242:
7234:
7228:
7224:
7220:
7214:
7195:
7191:
7184:
7183:
7176:
7167:
7159:
7153:
7150:. C. Winter.
7149:
7142:
7134:
7128:
7120:
7116:
7113:
7109:
7104:
7089:
7085:
7079:
7064:
7058:
7042:
7038:
7034:
7028:
7012:
7008:
7002:
6986:
6982:
6981:
6976:
6969:
6953:
6949:
6943:
6935:
6931:
6927:
6921:
6905:
6901:
6895:
6880:. August 2011
6879:
6875:
6869:
6854:
6850:
6844:
6836:
6832:
6831:
6826:
6819:
6813:, p. 356
6812:
6808:
6802:
6794:
6790:
6786:
6782:
6778:
6774:
6770:
6766:
6759:
6752:
6748:
6743:
6737:, p. 272
6736:
6732:
6727:
6721:, p. 272
6720:
6716:
6715:Latin Studies
6711:
6704:
6699:
6683:
6679:
6672:
6665:
6659:
6643:
6639:
6635:
6629:
6621:
6615:
6611:
6604:
6602:
6594:
6588:
6573:
6569:
6562:
6547:
6543:
6536:
6528:
6522:
6518:
6514:
6513:
6505:
6490:
6486:
6480:
6473:
6468:
6461:
6456:
6449:
6444:
6436:
6432:
6425:
6417:
6413:
6407:
6399:
6393:
6389:
6385:
6384:
6376:
6369:
6356:
6352:
6351:
6344:
6337:
6336:Diringer 1996
6332:
6324:
6317:
6310:
6305:
6297:
6293:
6286:
6271:
6267:
6261:
6257:
6246:
6243:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6233:
6231:
6228:
6226:
6223:
6221:
6218:
6216:
6213:
6211:
6208:
6206:
6203:
6201:
6198:
6196:
6193:
6190:
6187:
6185:
6182:
6180:
6177:
6175:
6172:
6170:
6169:Latin grammar
6167:
6165:
6162:
6160:
6157:
6155:
6152:
6150:
6147:
6145:
6142:
6140:
6137:
6135:
6132:
6131:
6126:
6120:
6115:
6112:
6106:
6101:
6098:
6087:
6079:
6074:
6072:
6066:
6061:
6059:
6055:
6050:
6044:
6043:
6032:
6029:
6019:one thousand
6018:
6015:
6012:
6008:
6007:
6004:five hundred
6003:
6000:
5998:(m., f., n.)
5996:
5992:
5991:
5987:
5984:
5981:
5977:
5976:
5972:
5969:
5966:
5962:
5961:
5957:
5954:
5951:
5947:
5946:
5942:
5935:
5932:
5928:
5927:
5923:
5916:
5913:
5909:
5908:
5904:
5901:
5898:
5894:
5893:
5889:
5886:
5883:
5879:
5878:
5874:
5871:
5868:
5864:
5863:
5859:
5852:
5849:
5845:
5844:
5840:
5837:
5833:
5829:
5828:
5824:
5821:
5819:(m., f., n.)
5817:
5813:
5812:
5808:
5805:
5801:
5797:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5787:
5781:
5770:
5767:
5759:
5749:
5745:
5741:
5735:
5734:
5730:
5725:This section
5723:
5719:
5714:
5713:
5705:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5688:, "all", and
5686:
5680:
5675:
5671:
5667:
5662:
5660:
5656:
5650:
5647:
5641:
5635:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5616:
5610:
5605:
5600:
5598:
5593:
5587:
5582:
5578:
5568:
5566:
5562:
5547:
5544:
5541:
5538:
5535:
5532:
5529:
5528:
5524:
5521:
5518:
5515:
5512:
5509:
5506:
5505:
5501:
5498:
5495:
5492:
5489:
5486:
5483:
5482:
5478:
5475:
5472:
5469:
5466:
5463:
5460:
5459:
5455:
5452:
5450:-bimus, -ēmus
5449:
5446:
5443:
5440:
5437:
5436:
5432:
5429:
5426:
5423:
5420:
5417:
5414:
5413:
5409:
5406:
5403:
5400:
5397:
5394:
5393:
5382:
5379:
5375:
5373:
5369:
5364:
5355:
5351:
5347:
5342:
5339:
5336:
5333:
5332:
5331:
5329:
5325:
5321:
5317:
5313:
5309:
5305:
5301:
5297:
5293:
5289:
5284:
5282:
5278:
5274:
5271:, "to give";
5270:
5266:
5262:
5259:, "to want";
5258:
5254:
5250:
5246:
5244:
5243:Indo-European
5239:
5235:, "to hear",
5233:
5227:
5221:
5215:
5211:, "to lead",
5209:
5203:
5197:
5191:
5187:, "to warn",
5185:
5179:
5173:
5167:
5163:, "to love",
5161:
5155:
5149:
5143:
5137:
5132:
5126:
5122:
5121:Latin grammar
5112:
5110:
5099:
5090:
5087:
5081:
5076:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5056:
5054:
5051:
5045:
5039:
5033:
5027:
5021:
5015:
5008:
5006:
5004:
5003:
4997:
4995:
4991:
4984:
4974:
4971:
4966:
4957:
4951:
4945:
4939:
4933:
4927:
4921:
4915:
4909:
4904:
4901:
4897:
4891:
4885:
4879:
4873:
4867:
4861:
4855:
4849:
4844:
4841:
4837:
4832:
4828:
4824:
4821:
4817:
4812:
4809:
4805:
4800:
4796:
4793:
4789:
4783:
4778:
4774:
4770:
4766:
4765:genitive case
4762:
4758:
4755:
4752:
4746:
4741:
4737:
4733:
4730:
4729:
4728:
4726:
4718:
4714:
4710:
4707:
4703:
4699:
4696:
4692:
4688:
4685:
4681:
4677:
4674:
4670:
4666:
4665:
4664:
4660:
4650:
4647:
4641:
4635:
4629:
4623:
4617:
4615:
4614:
4609:
4605:
4601:
4597:
4593:
4589:
4585:
4584:
4579:
4575:
4571:
4567:
4563:
4559:
4555:
4551:
4542:
4537:
4533:
4532:Latin grammar
4520:
4516:
4512:
4511:Franks Casket
4508:
4505:
4501:
4500:
4499:
4491:
4489:
4485:
4481:
4477:
4473:
4472:Roman cursive
4465:
4461:
4456:
4447:
4443:
4440:
4439:
4435:
4431:
4429:with macrons
4428:
4427:
4423:
4419:
4416:
4415:
4412:
4402:
4399:
4398:
4392:
4390:
4386:
4385:
4379:
4376:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4366:
4362:
4357:
4355:
4351:
4347:
4343:
4333:
4331:
4327:
4323:
4319:
4315:
4311:
4303:
4299:
4295:
4293:
4289:
4285:
4281:
4277:
4273:
4269:
4265:
4257:
4252:
4250:
4246:
4242:
4238:
4234:
4230:
4226:
4222:
4218:
4214:
4210:
4206:
4202:
4198:
4194:
4190:
4186:
4182:
4178:
4174:
4170:
4166:
4162:
4158:
4154:
4150:
4146:
4142:
4138:
4134:
4130:
4126:
4122:
4118:
4114:
4106:
4105:Quirinal Hill
4102:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4073:
4070:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4063:
4062:
4060:
4050:
4048:
4047:long or short
4038:
4036:
4030:
4028:
4024:
3999:
3998:
3986:
3975:
3972:
3971:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3958:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3948:
3942:
3931:
3916:
3910:
3872:
3869:
3863:
3857:
3851:
3845:
3839:
3833:
3821:"began", and
3819:
3815:"bronze" and
3813:
3799:
3792:
3786:
3780:
3774:
3753:
3743:
3740:
3735:
3714:
3711:
3707:
3703:
3694:
3690:
3686:
3684:
3683:
3680:
3676:
3672:
3670:
3664:
3660:
3656:
3652:
3650:
3649:
3645:
3641:
3639:
3633:
3629:
3625:
3621:
3619:
3618:
3614:
3610:
3606:
3604:
3598:
3594:
3590:
3586:
3584:
3583:
3579:
3575:
3571:
3569:
3563:
3559:
3555:
3551:
3549:
3548:
3544:
3540:
3536:
3534:
3528:
3524:
3520:
3516:
3514:
3513:
3509:
3505:
3501:
3499:
3493:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3478:
3472:
3469:
3464:
3457:
3449:
3444:
3428:
3424:
3416:
3411:
3402:
3389:
3385:
3364:
3361:
3356:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3342:
3337:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3323:
3319:
3316:
3315:
3311:
3306:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3292:
3288:
3285:
3284:
3280:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3271:
3266:Simple vowels
3258:
3256:
3252:
3243:
3237:
3232:
3228:
3214:
3210:
3198:
3196:
3191:
3190:
3181:
3172:
3170:
3169:
3161:
3153:
3149:
3147:
3141:
3133:
3117:
3115:
3110:
3109:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3091:
3086:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3065:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3050:
3039:When doubled
3038:
3036:
3030:
3022:
3018:
3002:
3000:
2999:
2991:
2987:
2983:
2981:
2975:
2967:
2963:
2955:
2953:
2952:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2934:
2928:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2910:
2905:
2904:
2896:
2892:
2888:
2886:
2881:
2880:
2872:
2868:
2864:
2862:
2853:
2852:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2837:
2831:
2828:
2801:
2783:
2778:
2776:
2763:
2759:
2747:
2744:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2731:
2728:
2724:
2722:
2720:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2700:
2698:
2696:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2683:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2669:
2666:
2662:
2660:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2646:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2635:
2632:
2628:
2625:
2621:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2613:
2611:
2607:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2593:
2591:
2587:
2584:
2581:
2577:
2574:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2561:
2558:
2554:
2551:
2547:
2546:
2543:
2540:
2536:
2533:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2520:
2517:
2513:
2510:
2506:
2504:
2500:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2490:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2446:
2439:
2399:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2367:
2364:
2359:
2353:
2348:
2344:
2333:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2307:
2306:
2305:
2297:
2295:
2294:
2289:
2286:. Classicist
2285:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2236:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2204:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2179:
2174:
2165:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2140:
2135:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2103:
2094:
2090:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2079:inkhorn terms
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2050:
2048:
2044:
2039:
2038:
2026:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2013:
2008:
2007:
2002:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1988:
1987:
1982:
1981:
1976:
1975:
1970:
1969:
1964:
1963:
1958:
1957:
1952:
1951:
1946:
1945:
1940:
1936:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1893:
1892:
1886:
1885:Julius Caesar
1882:
1873:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1806:
1804:
1799:
1795:
1793:
1792:Nuntii Latini
1789:
1785:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1753:
1752:
1746:, the German
1744:
1743:
1736:
1735:
1729:
1723:
1722:is in Latin.
1721:
1716:
1715:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1700:
1695:
1694:
1689:
1688:
1683:
1682:
1677:
1676:
1670:
1667:
1662:
1658:
1653:
1652:
1640:
1637:
1636:
1630:
1622:
1617:
1613:
1612:
1611:
1605:
1600:
1596:
1593:
1588:
1587:
1582:
1579:
1575:
1574:
1570:
1567:
1562:
1561:
1556:
1553:
1548:
1547:
1542:
1541:
1540:
1533:
1532:
1526:
1525:West Virginia
1523:
1520:
1515:
1514:
1508:
1505:
1501:
1500:
1494:
1491:
1487:
1486:
1480:
1477:
1473:
1472:
1466:
1463:
1459:
1458:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1429:
1425:
1420:
1417:
1413:
1412:
1406:
1403:
1399:
1394:
1391:
1387:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1370:
1368:
1364:
1363:
1357:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1330:
1323:
1320:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1302:
1301:
1294:
1292:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1265:The polyglot
1263:
1259:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1232:
1231:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1170:The signs at
1168:
1162:Religious use
1159:
1155:
1151:
1141:
1139:
1133:
1131:
1127:
1126:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1071:
1069:
1068:renewed study
1065:
1057:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1039:
1029:
1025:
1019:
1013:
1007:
1001:
999:
994:
985:
980:
970:
968:
964:
959:
955:
952:
947:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
918:
912:
902:
900:
896:
892:
887:
883:
878:
868:
866:
861:
857:
853:
852:Curse tablets
848:
846:
840:
838:
833:
828:
822:
812:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
784:
774:
772:
771:boustrophedon
768:
767:right-to-left
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
739:Roman Kingdom
733:
732:Roman Kingdom
728: 600 BC
722:
717:
712:
702:
700:
696:
692:
687:
679:
674:
664:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
643:
642:Ancient Greek
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
614:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
583:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
556:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
521:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
470:Latin grammar
467:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
430:), the lower
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
404:Italic branch
401:
396:
391:
385:
376:
375:lingua Latina
371:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
344:
338:
332: 117 AD
326:
320:
315:
311:
307:
305:
301:
297:
291:
287:
285:
284:
279:
275:
271:
268:
267:Linguist List
263:
259:
255:
252:
247:
242:
237:
234:
229:
224:
219:
216:
211:
206:
203:
200:
198:
194:
189:
185:
181:
178:
174:
168:
164:
160:
154:
144:
141:
140:
139:
136:
135:
134:
131:
130:
129:
128:Indo-European
125:
121:
115:
107:
103:
97:
94:
92:
89:
88:
86:
82:
76:
73:
71:
68:
67:
65:
61:
56:
52:
46:
41:
36:
33:
29:
22:
11219:Institutions
11083:Leptis Magna
11036:Major cities
10943:Philostratus
10730:Quadrigarius
10550:Rufus Festus
10413:Contemporary
10356:
10134:Romanization
10057:Architecture
9664:Collegiality
9513:Constitution
9364:Ancient Rome
9309:
9285:Vulgar Latin
9250:
9249:
9234:
9233:
9221:
9220:
9208:
9207:
9195:
9194:
9181:
9179:
9167:
9166:
9152:
9094:
9060:? (possibly
8999:South Picene
8947:Oscan group
8940:Osco-Umbrian
8911:
8822:Radio Bremen
8781:LacusCurtius
8757:. Retrieved
8753:the original
8746:
8731:
8706:. Retrieved
8685:
8666:
8647:
8635:. Retrieved
8610:
8589:
8549:. Retrieved
8542:the original
8522:. Retrieved
8517:
8489:, Learnlangs
8445:
8426:the original
8410:30 September
8408:. Retrieved
8404:the original
8378:. Retrieved
8364:
8344:
8343:and Lewis's
8340:
8334:
8309:
8300:
8281:
8254:
8235:
8213:Vulgar Latin
8212:
8193:
8174:
8147:
8143:
8130:
8103:
8076:
8068:Bibliography
8053:
8041:
8029:. Retrieved
8025:the original
8020:
8010:
8005:, p. 14
7971:
7964:
7959:, p. 13
7940:
7922:
7916:
7904:
7875:
7863:
7851:
7818:
7814:
7808:
7779:. Retrieved
7772:the original
7767:
7754:
7742:
7730:
7703:
7670:
7658:
7634:
7627:
7615:
7589:
7564:
7547:
7537:
7525:. Retrieved
7521:the original
7514:
7505:
7493:. Retrieved
7489:Croatia Week
7488:
7479:
7467:. Retrieved
7462:
7452:
7443:
7440:the original
7433:
7420:
7408:. Retrieved
7394:
7382:. Retrieved
7368:
7356:. Retrieved
7346:
7334:. Retrieved
7323:
7311:. Retrieved
7307:
7297:
7285:. Retrieved
7270:
7261:
7251:
7241:
7222:
7213:
7201:. Retrieved
7181:
7175:
7166:
7147:
7141:
7127:
7103:
7091:. Retrieved
7087:
7078:
7066:. Retrieved
7057:
7045:. Retrieved
7041:the original
7036:
7027:
7015:. Retrieved
7001:
6989:. Retrieved
6978:
6968:
6956:. Retrieved
6952:the original
6942:
6920:
6910:30 September
6908:. Retrieved
6906:(in Spanish)
6903:
6894:
6882:. Retrieved
6878:First Things
6877:
6868:
6856:. Retrieved
6852:
6843:
6828:
6818:
6806:
6801:
6768:
6758:
6746:
6742:
6730:
6726:
6714:
6710:
6698:
6686:. Retrieved
6682:the original
6671:
6658:
6646:. Retrieved
6628:
6609:
6593:Deneire 2014
6587:
6575:. Retrieved
6571:
6561:
6549:. Retrieved
6545:
6535:
6511:
6504:
6492:. Retrieved
6488:
6479:
6467:
6455:
6443:
6430:
6424:
6415:
6406:
6382:
6375:
6366:
6359:. Retrieved
6349:
6343:
6331:
6322:
6316:
6304:
6291:
6285:
6273:. Retrieved
6269:
6260:
6245:Vulgar Latin
6184:Latin school
6076:
6068:
6063:
6053:
6038:
6035:Example text
6024:
5988:one hundred
5965:quīnquāgintā
5835:(m./f., n.)
5783:
5762:
5753:
5738:Please help
5726:
5695:
5663:
5651:
5636:
5601:
5574:
5564:
5558:
5456:-bunt, -ent
5376:
5371:
5367:
5360:
5353:
5349:
5345:
5285:
5280:
5276:
5272:
5268:
5267:, "to eat";
5264:
5260:
5256:
5252:
5247:
5131:conjugations
5128:
5105:
5102:Prepositions
5096:
5074:
5070:
5060:
5055:
5007:
5000:
4998:
4986:
4962:
4776:
4772:
4760:
4722:
4716:
4712:
4705:
4701:
4694:
4690:
4683:
4679:
4672:
4668:
4662:
4618:
4611:
4581:
4547:
4536:Latin syntax
4497:
4469:
4463:
4441:with apices
4410:
4358:
4339:
4329:
4325:
4321:
4317:
4313:
4309:
4301:
4297:
4296:
4279:
4275:
4267:
4263:
4255:
4253:
4110:
4056:
4044:
4031:
4021:
3932:
3886:. Old Latin
3873:
3847:"I warned",
3800:
3749:
3715:
3705:
3704:in his book
3699:
3692:
3688:
3678:
3674:
3658:
3654:
3643:
3627:
3623:
3612:
3608:
3592:
3588:
3577:
3573:
3557:
3553:
3542:
3538:
3522:
3518:
3507:
3503:
3470:
3427:acute accent
3412:
3369:
3250:
3230:
3224:
3212:
3208:
3159:
3151:
3131:
3099:
3095:
3073:
3052:
3020:
3016:
2989:
2985:
2965:
2961:
2942:
2938:
2918:
2914:
2894:
2890:
2870:
2866:
2829:
2802:
2779:
2752:
2452:
2443:
2303:
2291:
2237:
2212:Living Latin
2209:
2205:
2200:
2192:
2187:
2183:
2151:
2136:
2109:
2099:
2083:polysyllabic
2056:
2032:
2029:Inscriptions
2010:
2004:
1998:
1986:Harry Potter
1984:
1978:
1972:
1966:
1960:
1954:
1948:
1942:
1937:
1910:
1812:
1800:
1796:
1786:in Germany,
1784:Radio Bremen
1781:
1724:
1697:
1693:The Exorcist
1691:
1685:
1679:
1673:
1671:
1660:
1646:
1631:'s motto is
1626:
1609:
1573:Semper Supra
1572:
1538:
1371:
1360:
1358:
1324:
1295:
1288:
1256:
1240:Vatican City
1193:
1180:Roman Empire
1157:
1134:
1123:
1120:Isaac Newton
1100:
1072:
1063:
1061:
1002:
990:
960:
956:
948:
920:
888:
884:
880:
849:
841:
824:
821:Vulgar Latin
815:Vulgar Latin
786:
736:
688:
684:
653:the sciences
640:. Latin and
615:
603:Vatican City
584:
557:
523:By the late
522:
468:
448:Roman Empire
434:area around
412:Vulgar Latin
369:
368:
340:
304:Linguasphere
281:
184:Latin script
142:
75:Ancient Rome
32:
11214:Geographers
10898:Dioscorides
10878:Cassius Dio
10500:Cassiodorus
10403:Renaissance
10009:Agriculture
9981:Auxiliaries
9922:Engineering
9759:Magistrates
9611:Citizenship
9606:Mos maiorum
9541:Late Empire
9322:Judeo-Latin
9168:until 75 BC
8989:Pre-Samnite
8956:Marrucinian
8826:Bremen Zwei
8493:Learn Latin
7781:1 September
7735:Sihler 2008
7527:15 November
7495:18 November
7426:Beard, Mary
7287:17 February
7265:Id. at 104.
6884:19 February
6705:, p. 3
6666:, p. 1
6474:, p. 8
6472:Herman 2000
6460:Herman 2000
6448:Herman 2000
6361:15 February
6230:Lorem ipsum
6159:Hybrid word
5672:meaningful
5670:compounding
5655:Old English
5589:"mask" and
5567:(to urge).
5530:Pluperfect
5410:3rd Person
5275:, "to go";
5255:, "to be";
5109:adpositions
5093:Participles
4994:participles
4970:puer currit
4857:becomes an
4613:conjugation
4548:Latin is a
4515:Old English
4476:wax tablets
4363:("Mourn, O
4342:punctuation
4336:Punctuation
4081:Orthography
3865:"his", and
3835:"beware!",
3734:nasal vowel
3708:. However,
3653:similar to
3622:similar to
3595:(/məʃiːn/)
3587:similar to
3552:similar to
3525:(/fɑːðəɹ/)
3211:in English
3094:Similar to
3043:and before
2762:Koine Greek
2719:Approximant
2445:languages.
2143:Interlingua
2063:Middle Ages
1714:Oedipus rex
1393:Connecticut
1376:, such as:
1116:Thomas More
1075:Renaissance
963:Renaissance
832:sermo vulgi
721:Lapis Niger
568:Renaissance
564:Middle Ages
355:instead of
11294:Categories
11103:Mediolanum
11043:Alexandria
11008:Themistius
10973:Porphyrius
10800:Tertullian
10735:Quintilian
10725:Propertius
10620:Lactantius
10570:Fulgentius
10505:Censorinus
10327:Sanitation
10312:Metallurgy
10269:Technology
10234:Demography
10182:Patricians
10149:Spectacles
10107:Literature
10102:Hairstyles
9939:Technology
9689:Praefectus
9641:Government
9631:Litigation
9616:Auctoritas
9561:Centuriate
9448:Principate
9443:Pax Romana
9403:Foundation
9200:Late Latin
9101:) are now
9047:Lusitanian
8966:Paelignian
8524:2 February
8435:"Alpheios"
8113:0816054517
8058:Jenks 1911
8046:Jenks 1911
7856:Allen 1978
7801:Allen 1978
7747:Allen 1978
7675:Allen 1978
7620:Allen 1978
7469:7 November
7219:Pei, Mario
7203:9 February
6991:29 January
6980:BBC Online
6577:3 December
6551:3 December
6494:6 February
6309:Clark 1900
6252:References
5832:trēs, tria
5679:omnipotens
5657:and other
5602:After the
5571:Vocabulary
5513:-eris/erīs
5461:Imperfect
5407:2nd Person
5404:1st Person
5401:3rd Person
5398:2nd Person
5395:1st Person
5300:participle
5296:infinitive
4977:Adjectives
4831:instrument
4811:Accusative
4732:Nominative
4725:word order
4583:declension
4570:adjectives
4361:Catullus 3
4354:interpunct
4237:Vietnamese
3752:diphthongs
3746:Diphthongs
3713:'siccu').
3706:Vox Latina
3630:(/poʊst/)
3185:/kapiˈjo:/
2937:Always as
2865:Always as
2823:for which
2449:Consonants
2288:Mary Beard
2180:in Austria
2154:Logudorese
2087:Old French
2043:provenance
1944:The Hobbit
1876:Literature
1846:borrowings
1840:and other
1822:Portuguese
1675:Sebastiane
1594:(RAF); and
1386:Ditat deus
1367:Great Seal
1329:Plus ultra
1319:Pro Valore
1272:EU Council
1236:Roman Rota
1208:Roman Rite
1204:vernacular
1052:incunabula
993:vernacular
928:Portuguese
915:See also:
889:After the
877:Late Latin
871:Late Latin
860:Late Latin
626:many words
616:Latin has
595:Roman Rite
553:Late Latin
472:is highly
380:pronounced
157:Early form
11259:Quaestors
11189:Empresses
11179:Dynasties
11169:Dictators
11144:and other
11133:Volubilis
11128:Vindobona
11088:Londinium
11013:Theodoret
10983:Procopius
10963:Polyaenus
10938:Pausanias
10840:Vitruvius
10785:Symmachus
10780:Suetonius
10690:Petronius
10675:Obsequens
10640:Macrobius
10635:Lucretius
10560:Frontinus
10535:Eutropius
10520:Columella
10470:Augustine
10460:Appuleius
10408:Neo-Latin
10383:Classical
10374:Versions
10282:Aqueducts
10224:Patronage
10144:Sexuality
10117:Mythology
10092:Education
10082:Cosmetics
9907:Campaigns
9902:Structure
9855:Decemviri
9714:Imperator
9413:overthrow
9242:Neo-Latin
9222:1300–1500
9172:Old Latin
9053:Oenotrian
8981:Vestinian
8794:Ephemeris
8769:Libraries
8759:31 August
8704:. Ray Cui
8694:Phonetics
8514:"Latinum"
8393:. Verbix.
8273:28648475M
8166:251119298
7835:0065-9711
7821:: 19–23.
7722:670475844
7663:Levy 1973
7336:20 August
7313:20 August
7308:The Times
6793:160298764
6785:0069-5580
6703:Demo 2022
6688:9 October
5727:does not
5626:Greek art
5447:-bit, -et
5444:-bis, -ēs
5314:), three
5308:gerundive
5083:(heads),
5053:(help)).
5029:(girl)),
4911:(house),
4869:(such as
4769:partitive
4550:synthetic
4101:Old Latin
4023:Syllables
4018:Syllables
3841:"whose",
3661:(/tɹuː/)
3615:(/pɔɹt/)
3510:(/paɹt/)
3482:grapheme
3440:, called
3255:morphemes
3079:l pinguis
3049:"light L"
2624:voiceless
2590:Fricative
2550:voiceless
2438:Ave Maria
2392:Phonology
2325:Hungarian
2290:wrote in
2168:Education
2047:epigraphy
1941:such as:
1927:, or the
1913:philology
1897:patrician
1858:Norwegian
1759:gymnasium
1751:Gymnasium
1471:Excelsior
1335:Charles V
1277:Consilium
1252:Canon law
1188:Segedunum
1130:Descartes
1125:Principia
1064:Neo-Latin
1042:Neo-Latin
944:Christian
858:. In the
711:Old Latin
705:Old Latin
576:Neo-Latin
549:Petronius
529:Old Latin
283:Glottolog
251:ISO 639-3
233:ISO 639-2
215:ISO 639-1
163:Old Latin
84:Ethnicity
51:Colosseum
11264:Tribunes
11254:Praetors
11204:Generals
11184:Emperors
11093:Lugdunum
11078:Eboracum
11068:Carthage
11053:Aquileia
10968:Polybius
10958:Plutarch
10928:Libanius
10918:Josephus
10913:Herodian
10805:Tibullus
10720:Priscian
10695:Phaedrus
10655:Manilius
10600:Jordanes
10585:Hydatius
10515:Claudian
10495:Catullus
10485:Boëthius
10480:Ausonius
10398:Medieval
10370:Alphabet
10342:Theatres
10317:Numerals
10302:Concrete
10292:Circuses
10259:Bagaudae
10249:Adoption
10244:Marriage
10217:Assembly
10122:Religion
10097:Folklore
10077:Clothing
10072:Calendar
10029:Currency
10019:Commerce
9917:Strategy
9879:Military
9865:Triumvir
9845:Dictator
9840:Interrex
9819:Governor
9804:Quaestor
9767:Ordinary
9749:Province
9739:Tetrarch
9729:Augustus
9694:Vicarius
9684:Officium
9621:Imperium
9571:Plebeian
9531:Republic
9453:Dominate
9420:Republic
9381:Timeline
9209:700–1500
9151:Ages of
9023:Volscian
8976:Sidicini
8951:Hernican
8929:Siculian
8907:Lanuvian
8902:Faliscan
8724:(1911).
8637:17 April
8551:20 April
8496:Archived
8122:3681138M
8095:4483781M
7650:Archived
7605:Archived
7445:culture.
7410:23 April
7404:Archived
7384:23 April
7378:Archived
7358:23 April
7281:Archived
7221:(1949).
7194:Archived
7115:Archived
7011:Archived
6985:Archived
6934:Archived
6930:RTÉ News
6858:25 March
6835:Archived
6642:Archived
6414:(1966).
6355:Archived
6275:5 August
6240:Toponymy
6083:See also
5848:quattuor
5756:May 2020
5674:segments
5666:affixing
5621:balineum
5615:sumbolum
5581:Etruscan
5561:deponent
5484:Perfect
5441:-bō, -am
5415:Present
5387:Singular
5238:experīrī
5086:animalia
5050:auxilium
5017:(dead),
4965:articles
4941:becomes
4929:becomes
4903:Locative
4843:Vocative
4823:Ablative
4757:Genitive
4578:pronouns
4221:Croatian
4107:in Rome.
4059:stressed
4035:phonetic
3739:monstrum
3736:, as in
3580:(/pɪt/)
3560:(/heɪ/)
3545:(/pɛt/)
3104:/skwɪnt/
3070:"dark L"
3058:l exilis
2841:grapheme
2770:⟩
2766:⟨
2455:phonemes
2385:nobility
2358:Zagabria
1917:classics
1850:Albanian
1830:Romanian
1651:Helvetia
1507:Virginia
1465:New York
1451:Missouri
1431:Michigan
1419:Colorado
1220:Holy See
1176:Wallsend
1104:Salutati
1096:Politian
1083:Petrarch
967:Petrarch
954:Empire.
940:Romanian
856:graffiti
805:rhetoric
793:literate
657:medicine
649:theology
636:and the
593:and the
591:Holy See
514:Etruscan
474:fusional
464:academia
361:Help:IPA
296:lati1261
290:impe1234
11234:Legions
11194:Fiction
11164:Consuls
11159:Climate
11113:Ravenna
11108:Pompeii
11098:Lutetia
11063:Bononia
11058:Berytus
11048:Antioch
11023:Zosimus
11018:Zonaras
10993:Sozomen
10978:Priscus
10953:Photius
10795:Terence
10790:Tacitus
10775:Statius
10760:Servius
10745:Sallust
10700:Plautus
10680:Orosius
10660:Martial
10615:Juvenal
10590:Hyginus
10575:Gellius
10434:Writers
10365:History
10347:Thermae
10337:Temples
10287:Bridges
10254:Slavery
10202:Equites
10174:Society
10154:Theatre
10127:Deities
10087:Cuisine
10067:Bathing
10049:Culture
10024:Finance
10001:Economy
9892:Borders
9887:History
9789:Tribune
9784:Praetor
9674:Legatus
9669:Emperor
9556:Curiate
9526:Kingdom
9521:History
9497:History
9480:decline
9438:History
9408:Kingdom
9391:History
9376:Outline
9253:present
9237:present
9196:200–700
9109:of the
9103:extinct
9093:except
9058:Venetic
9034:Unknown
9018:Umbrian
9013:Marsian
9007:Aequian
8971:Samnite
8748:YouTube
8708:25 June
8472:Memrise
8462:Courses
8422:"Words"
7511:"Coins"
7246:(1963).
7093:29 June
7068:29 June
7047:29 June
7017:17 July
6958:16 July
6648:2 March
5867:quīnque
5748:removed
5733:sources
5708:Numbers
5592:histrio
5586:persona
5548:-erant
5545:-erātis
5542:-erāmus
5525:-erint
5502:-ērunt
5438:Future
5390:Plural
5324:aspects
5316:persons
5166:hortārī
5044:mortuum
5038:dominus
5032:mortuus
5005:below.
5002:Numbers
4944:Athēnīs
4938:Athēnae
4736:subject
4526:Grammar
4484:Britain
4417:simply
4377:simply
4365:Venuses
4288:upsilon
4243:, many
4229:Serbian
4225:Bosnian
4217:Slovene
3871:"new".
3724:before
3593:machine
3443:i longa
3432:. Long
3384:upsilon
3278:Central
3251:unnamed
3003:Before
2956:Before
2846:phoneme
2758:doubled
2503:Plosive
2486:Glottal
2476:Palatal
2343:Croatia
2317:Hungary
2233:Minimus
1980:Asterix
1903:of the
1901:floruit
1866:Swedish
1838:Romansh
1834:Catalan
1826:Spanish
1814:Italian
1704:Jughead
1635:Veritas
1521:"); and
1519:tyrants
1381:Arizona
936:Italian
924:Spanish
827:Plautus
809:schools
801:grammar
755:Terence
751:Plautus
686:names.
667:History
630:lexicon
601:at the
597:of the
589:of the
545:Terence
541:Plautus
406:of the
398:) is a
390:Latinum
357:Unicode
57:, Italy
11244:Nomina
11229:Legacy
11209:Gentes
11146:topics
11142:Lists
11123:Smyrna
11003:Strabo
10933:Lucian
10923:Julian
10873:Arrian
10868:Appian
10858:Aelian
10835:Vergil
10610:Justin
10595:Jerome
10580:Horace
10565:Fronto
10555:Florus
10530:Ennius
10510:Cicero
10490:Caesar
10388:Vulgar
10212:Tribes
10139:Romans
9949:Legion
9932:castra
9809:Aedile
9779:Censor
9774:Consul
9734:Caesar
9704:Lictor
9626:Status
9566:Tribal
9546:Senate
9536:Empire
9430:Empire
9366:topics
9062:Celtic
8994:Sabine
8673:
8654:
8618:
8597:
8380:8 June
8288:
8271:
8261:
8242:
8223:
8200:
8181:
8164:
8150:(93).
8120:
8110:
8093:
8083:
8031:20 May
7983:
7843:282713
7841:
7833:
7720:
7710:
7642:
7596:
7572:
7555:
7229:
7154:
6791:
6783:
6616:
6523:
6394:
6071:apices
5980:centum
5973:fifty
5936:VIIII
5924:eight
5905:seven
5897:septem
5841:three
5691:potens
5646:bracae
5609:camera
5499:-istis
5479:-bant
5476:-bātis
5473:-bāmus
5320:voices
5312:supine
5304:gerund
5288:tenses
5232:audīre
5208:dūcere
5190:verērī
5184:monēre
5080:capita
5026:puella
5020:mortua
4872:fīlius
4851:. The
4795:Dative
4773:people
4622:amābit
4608:aspect
4606:, and
4592:number
4588:person
4576:, and
4564:, and
4562:number
4558:gender
4464:Romani
4389:long I
4369:Cupids
4350:apices
4348:, but
4290:, and
4266:, and
4239:, the
4213:Slovak
4209:Polish
4053:Stress
4041:Length
4027:vowels
3960:Close
3915:pūnīre
3856:dēlēvī
3818:coēpit
3773:hui ce
3523:father
3487:phone
3456:macron
3448:long I
3286:Close
3261:Vowels
3164:/jɑɹd/
3136:/waɪn/
3100:squint
3072:, in
3051:, in
3011:, and
2899:/steɪ/
2875:/skaɪ/
2834:Notes
2695:Rhotic
2596:voiced
2509:voiced
2496:labial
2492:plain
2471:Dental
2466:Labial
2377:Poland
2374:
2340:
2314:
2266:, and
2256:Harrow
2246:, the
2137:A few
1862:Danish
1818:French
1809:Legacy
1405:Kansas
1345:legend
1226:, the
1210:. The
1108:Celtis
1024:fueram
938:, and
932:French
837:Cicero
757:. The
659:, and
508:. The
506:aspect
504:, and
490:gender
486:person
482:number
424:Latium
420:Latins
325:Trajan
133:Italic
112:AD 700
96:Romans
91:Latins
70:Latium
10908:Galen
10850:Greek
10820:Varro
10630:Lucan
10442:Latin
10357:Latin
10332:Ships
10322:Roads
10307:Domes
10239:Women
10187:Plebs
10112:Music
9654:Forum
9649:Curia
9251:1900–
9235:1300–
9153:Latin
9095:Latin
8961:Oscan
8912:Latin
8545:(PDF)
8538:(PDF)
8162:S2CID
7839:JSTOR
7775:(PDF)
7764:(PDF)
7197:(PDF)
7186:(PDF)
6789:S2CID
6517:76–81
6368:left.
6011:mīlle
5950:decem
5943:nine
5931:novem
5921:VIII
5875:five
5860:four
5853:IIII
5701:omnis
5685:omnis
5640:beber
5597:Oscan
5539:-erat
5536:-erās
5533:-eram
5516:-erit
5496:-imus
5490:-istī
5384:Tense
5368:I, we
5292:moods
5281:fieri
5277:posse
5265:edere
5261:ferre
5257:velle
5226:-ī-rī
5220:-ī-re
5178:-ē-rī
5172:-ē-re
5160:amāre
5154:-ā-ri
5148:-ā-re
5115:Verbs
5066:omnia
4950:domus
4932:Romae
4914:humus
4908:domus
4890:filiī
4827:agent
4799:stola
4777:gifts
4738:or a
4653:Nouns
4600:voice
4596:tense
4574:nouns
4387:with
4324:from
4284:kappa
4233:Czech
4010:/au̯/
4005:/ae̯/
4000:Open
3994:/ou̯/
3989:/oe̯/
3983:/eu̯/
3978:/ei̯/
3967:/ui̯/
3955:Back
3952:Front
3909:poena
3868:novus
3850:solvī
3844:monuī
3838:cuius
3829:, in
3812:aēnus
3485:Latin
3480:Latin
3463:breve
3401:sylva
3388:Greek
3348:Open
3281:Back
3275:Front
3236:annus
3217:/æks/
3207:: as
3180:capiō
3173:"y" (
3158:) in
3126:, as
3047:, as
3025:/sɪŋ/
3015:, as
2994:/mæn/
2970:/sɪŋ/
2960:, as
2947:/ɡʊd/
2923:/seɪ/
2844:Latin
2839:Latin
2775:vowel
2659:Nasal
2481:Velar
2268:Rugby
2120:Galen
1854:Dutch
1443:, in
769:or a
697:from
645:roots
502:voice
494:tense
432:Tiber
428:Lazio
387:, or
370:Latin
143:Latin
38:Latin
28:Ladin
11224:Laws
11199:Film
11118:Roma
10685:Ovid
10625:Livy
10393:Late
10207:Gens
10164:Wine
9976:Navy
9944:Army
9583:SPQR
9485:fall
9463:fall
9089:All
8761:2018
8710:2010
8671:ISBN
8652:ISBN
8639:2020
8616:ISBN
8595:ISBN
8553:2011
8526:2012
8412:2014
8382:2023
8286:ISBN
8259:ISBN
8240:ISBN
8221:ISBN
8198:ISBN
8179:ISBN
8108:ISBN
8081:ISBN
8033:2015
7981:ISBN
7831:ISSN
7783:2024
7718:OCLC
7708:ISBN
7640:ISBN
7594:ISBN
7570:ISBN
7553:ISBN
7542:1728
7529:2017
7497:2023
7471:2023
7412:2014
7386:2014
7360:2014
7338:2023
7315:2023
7289:2011
7227:ISBN
7205:2017
7152:ISBN
7095:2021
7070:2021
7049:2021
7019:2010
6993:2011
6960:2010
6912:2019
6886:2021
6860:2023
6781:ISSN
6690:2016
6650:2011
6614:ISBN
6579:2019
6553:2019
6521:ISBN
6496:2021
6392:ISBN
6363:2016
6277:2024
5958:ten
5917:IIX
5912:octō
5902:VII
5890:six
5838:III
5825:two
5809:one
5731:any
5729:cite
5510:-erō
5470:-bat
5467:-bās
5464:-bam
5433:-nt
5430:-tis
5427:-mus
5418:-ō/m
5310:and
5269:dare
5253:esse
5196:-ere
5123:and
4956:domī
4926:Roma
4884:filī
4866:-ius
4775:and
4634:-bi-
4628:amā-
4604:mood
4566:case
4534:and
4502:The
4470:The
4367:and
4292:zeta
4278:and
4231:and
4095:The
3973:Mid
3890:and
3862:eius
3832:cavē
3827:/jw/
3805:and
3785:quoi
3779:huic
3693:cute
3679:mule
3659:true
3628:post
3613:port
3508:part
3434:/iː/
3423:apex
3404:and
3394:and
3317:Mid
3247:/nn/
3242:anno
3227:long
3160:yard
3132:wine
3122:and
3076:() (
3074:bowl
3055:() (
3053:link
3021:sing
2966:sing
2943:good
2895:stay
2817:/jw/
2252:Eton
2219:and
2210:The
2160:and
2152:The
2057:The
1864:and
1738:and
1699:Lost
1696:and
1684:and
1152:and
1114:and
1073:The
1040:and
1021:and
1012:eram
1009:and
803:and
753:and
719:The
620:the
543:and
516:and
498:mood
478:case
436:Rome
55:Rome
10378:Old
10062:Art
9835:Rex
9679:Dux
9593:Law
8573:on
8470:on
8152:doi
7977:351
7823:doi
7190:370
6809:in
6773:doi
6749:in
6733:in
6717:in
5940:IX
5887:VI
5882:sex
5857:IV
5822:II
5742:by
5698:of
5668:or
5631:ars
5493:-it
5372:you
5346:us
5273:ire
5214:ūtī
5175:or
5151:or
5075:-ia
5073:or
5061:-ia
4967:so
4920:rus
4854:-us
4848:-us
4829:or
4761:man
4748:or
4717:-ei
4706:-ūs
4695:-is
4673:-ae
4568:in
4517:in
4482:in
4306:/w/
4260:/ɡ/
4008:au
4003:ae
3992:ou
3987:oe
3981:eu
3976:ei
3965:ui
3791:cui
3788:to
3776:to
3728:or
3691:in
3677:in
3657:in
3642:as
3626:in
3611:in
3607:as
3591:in
3578:pit
3576:in
3572:as
3558:hey
3556:in
3543:pet
3541:in
3537:as
3521:in
3506:in
3450:":
3407:ὕλη
3213:axe
3175:/j/
3156:/j/
3130:in
3128:/w/
3098:in
3019:in
2990:man
2988:in
2984:As
2964:in
2941:in
2919:say
2917:in
2913:As
2893:in
2889:As
2871:sky
2869:in
2754:/z/
1887:'s
1788:YLE
1718:by
1527:'s
1509:'s
1495:'s
1481:'s
1467:'s
1453:'s
1433:'s
1421:'s
1407:'s
1395:'s
1383:'s
1122:'s
1018:fui
1006:sum
661:law
458:of
422:in
343:IPA
274:lat
258:lat
241:lat
105:Era
53:in
11296::
8745:.
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