2349:
37:
1316:
2634:
2661:
896:
2831:
We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish
Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the
1263:
Although Latin did not use diacritical marks, signs of truncation of words (often placed above or at the end of the truncated word) were very common. Furthermore, abbreviations or smaller overlapping letters were often used. This was due to the fact that if the text was engraved on stone, the number
2554:
cursive and capitalis cursive, was the everyday form of handwriting used for writing letters, by merchants writing business accounts, by schoolchildren learning the Latin alphabet, and even emperors issuing commands. A more formal style of writing was based on
1264:
of letters to be written was reduced, while if it was written on paper or parchment, it saved precious space. This habit continued even in the Middle Ages. Hundreds of symbols and abbreviations exist, varying from century to century.
2559:, but cursive was used for quicker, informal writing. It was most commonly used from about the 1st century BC to the 3rd century, but it probably existed earlier than that. It led to
2609:
had taken a more familiar shape, and the other letters were proportionate to each other. This script evolved into a variety of regional medieval scripts (for example, the
2465:. This scheme has continued to be used by most modern European languages that have adopted the Latin alphabet. For the Latin sounds represented by the various letters see
3797:
287:
4364:
3848:
4794:
4784:
4359:
4774:
4764:
4354:
4349:
4344:
3787:
3213:
6490:
4779:
2823:
writers and printers of the 17th and 18th century frequently capitalized most and sometimes all nouns; for example, from the preamble of the
3923:
3240:
3025:
6522:
3766:
3201:
2909:
2348:
1251:(itself largely based on the Latin script) when transcribing or creating written standards for non-European languages, such as the
7709:
5712:
2593:
cursive, was in use from the 3rd century to the 7th century, and uses letter forms that are more recognizable to modern eyes;
7592:
3841:
3701:
1108:, which is the basic set of letters common to the various alphabets descended from the classical Latin alphabet, such as the
6161:
1224:
3114:
Altlateinische
Inschriften: sprachliche und epigraphische Untersuchungen zu den Dokumenten bis etwa 150 v.Chr. Bern (etc.)
5598:
3910:
3078:
1208:
311:
4134:
7360:
7346:
7316:
6455:
3792:
3142:
3064:
3035:
2956:
2899:
2487:, which had previously sometimes been written doubled. However, in place of taking an apex, the letter i was written
1104:
may refer to either the alphabet used to write Latin (as described in this article) or other alphabets based on the
7578:
6295:
5692:
3834:
3682:
3664:
2849:
2466:
716:
4139:
6018:
5279:
3316:
3233:
3167:
1248:
1228:
580:
269:
7585:
6151:
5790:
3641:
3294:
722:
6260:
5785:
4843:
3558:
562:
5122:
7571:
7550:
4838:
4613:
4129:
3905:
3339:
1288:
400:
3191:
2454:
2450:
2436:
2425:
2405:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
1718:
1710:
1678:
1674:
283:
279:
7451:
7430:
6110:
6105:
5800:
5702:
4224:
3915:
3260:
2998:
1296:
1273:
964:
7518:
6115:
5682:
5095:
4156:
3265:
3226:
3134:
2914:
2879:
2824:
1252:
4848:
4166:
3280:
3181:
5768:
5490:
5043:
4630:
1179:; their alphabet evolved in Rome over successive centuries to produce the Latin alphabet. During the
1081:
786:
1176:
7268:
7254:
6559:
5142:
4945:
4161:
3352:
3308:
3303:
2869:
1822:
1089:
6873:
4289:
7557:
6585:
5542:
5219:
5198:
5078:
5058:
4890:
4561:
4465:
3942:
3900:
3857:
3761:
3549:
2864:
1236:
1149:
324:
307:
301:
254:
114:
734:
6275:
5214:
5204:
5137:
4647:
4080:
3725:
2815:
have changed over time, and different languages have varied in their rules for capitalization.
1232:
997:
265:
7699:
7659:
7564:
7353:
7302:
6762:
6684:
6448:
6387:
6372:
5941:
5820:
5562:
5522:
5254:
4930:
4114:
4102:
4075:
4060:
3740:
3290:
2934:
2789:
2694:
2622:
2556:
1292:
1125:
1113:
1016:
859:
6367:
5572:
2796:
forms of the letters, as well as other writing conventions that have since become standard.
2368:
are comma-shaped, an elaboration of a more typical triangular shape. From the shrine of the
7423:
7174:
6851:
6347:
6002:
5966:
5371:
5294:
5127:
4875:
4865:
4704:
4687:
4003:
2816:
1701:
modified with a small vertical stroke, which took its place in the alphabet. From then on,
1212:
1172:
1085:
992:
971:
879:
654:
335:
109:
8:
7704:
6250:
6146:
5868:
5391:
4097:
2889:
2808:
2397:
1332:
1304:
1240:
1168:
1077:
1073:
1009:
982:
959:
947:
930:
925:
920:
667:
469:
419:
119:
4413:
7409:
7386:
7020:
6909:
6899:
6791:
6734:
6720:
6677:
6382:
6265:
6100:
5992:
5951:
5905:
5900:
5795:
5777:
5445:
5376:
5341:
5289:
5102:
5090:
4501:
4423:
4324:
3879:
3672:
2764:
changed and varied greatly throughout the Middle Ages, even after the invention of the
2610:
2369:
1320:
1196:
1121:
987:
976:
942:
915:
698:
608:
363:
6642:
6300:
7532:
7525:
7261:
7247:
7159:
7048:
6958:
6937:
6916:
6844:
6776:
6635:
6593:
6545:
6280:
6270:
5915:
5910:
5815:
5810:
5717:
5672:
5495:
5475:
5465:
5455:
5450:
5386:
5381:
5309:
5244:
5229:
5179:
5174:
5117:
5053:
5011:
4853:
4739:
4662:
4178:
4173:
4050:
3328:
3186:
3138:
3060:
3031:
2972:
2952:
2777:
2773:
2706:
2618:
2614:
2586:
2547:
1706:
1682:
1184:
1156:
1129:
780:
648:
394:
192:
187:
129:
7666:
7604:
7497:
7458:
7444:
7402:
7277:
7223:
7204:
7138:
7130:
7116:
7109:
7034:
6830:
6805:
6741:
6713:
6628:
6614:
6531:
6504:
6441:
6352:
6255:
6077:
5920:
5547:
5527:
5517:
5512:
5396:
5152:
5085:
5073:
5038:
5033:
5016:
4955:
4920:
4880:
4682:
4677:
4625:
4576:
4460:
4394:
4334:
4284:
4229:
4146:
4124:
4109:
4055:
4045:
3979:
3091:
2859:
2480:
2470:
2353:
1842:
1204:
1200:
1192:
1117:
1109:
799:
710:
684:
672:
642:
614:
600:
489:
481:
7504:
6699:
6325:
5976:
5346:
7490:
7182:
7123:
7069:
7062:
7041:
7027:
7011:
6989:
6944:
6837:
6812:
6784:
6769:
6692:
6670:
6663:
6621:
6581:
6552:
6240:
6210:
6033:
5956:
5722:
5652:
5557:
5505:
5485:
5421:
5411:
5401:
5366:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5234:
5189:
5184:
5068:
5063:
4910:
4900:
4754:
4719:
4714:
4694:
4588:
4546:
4486:
4369:
4339:
4249:
4209:
4151:
4085:
4065:
4013:
3996:
3984:
3122:
2837:
2804:
2479:
were not regularly used, but they did occur sometimes, the most common being the
1846:
954:
937:
774:
768:
762:
636:
620:
591:
574:
372:
182:
177:
157:
5687:
4870:
849:
406:
7627:
7511:
7395:
7375:
7284:
7152:
7083:
6982:
6930:
6923:
6755:
6748:
6727:
6706:
6607:
6600:
6407:
6362:
6290:
6285:
6136:
6120:
6095:
6038:
6028:
6023:
5863:
5737:
5697:
5667:
5613:
5608:
5603:
5577:
5552:
5500:
5440:
5406:
5356:
5304:
5269:
5224:
5194:
5147:
5107:
5006:
4960:
4915:
4833:
4769:
4724:
4709:
4672:
4652:
4620:
4608:
4556:
4551:
4541:
4531:
4526:
4443:
4428:
4418:
4384:
4374:
4319:
4304:
4269:
4119:
4023:
3971:
3861:
3654:
3275:
2820:
2812:
2781:
2765:
2576:
2476:
2392:
2386:
2224:
1834:
1164:
1160:
1133:
1041:
692:
626:
542:
516:
509:
385:
197:
161:
124:
91:
77:
36:
5837:
2819:, for example, was rarely written with even proper nouns capitalized, whereas
2449:("Greek i") as Latin speakers had difficulty distinguishing its foreign sound
1837:
loanwords, placing them at the end of the alphabet. An attempt by the emperor
7693:
7634:
7483:
7416:
7339:
7309:
7167:
7145:
7076:
6972:
6951:
6798:
6656:
6574:
6567:
6538:
6497:
6412:
6402:
6397:
6184:
5878:
5537:
5480:
5132:
4905:
4789:
4744:
4699:
4667:
4516:
4433:
4406:
4379:
4309:
4294:
4279:
4234:
3991:
3649:
2769:
2560:
2462:
910:
837:
728:
246:
4453:
7090:
7055:
6996:
6483:
6245:
6141:
6054:
5946:
5847:
5657:
5470:
5435:
5416:
5351:
5239:
5001:
4925:
4734:
4729:
4640:
4635:
4571:
4511:
4491:
4448:
4438:
4389:
4274:
4254:
4244:
4092:
4070:
4028:
3826:
3815:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3571:
3566:
3270:
3249:
2884:
2800:
2785:
2761:
2541:
1849:
period that the Latin alphabet contained 21 letters and 2 foreign letters:
1284:
1216:
1105:
1069:
1037:
1004:
740:
534:
528:
475:
458:
81:
20:
5299:
548:
7673:
7437:
7368:
6649:
6340:
6200:
5961:
5805:
5662:
5567:
5336:
5264:
5249:
5157:
4950:
4860:
4759:
4749:
4603:
4566:
4521:
4506:
4481:
4401:
4329:
4314:
4018:
3756:
2854:
2710:
2682:
2572:
2568:
2373:
2356:
in this first-century inscription are very light. (There is one over the
1244:
1183:, the Latin alphabet was used (sometimes with modifications) for writing
1180:
887:
522:
1693:– not needed to write Latin properly – was replaced with the new letter
6330:
6305:
5873:
5316:
4806:
4801:
4657:
4598:
4239:
3087:
2904:
2793:
2590:
2537:
2530:
2484:
2424:
consisted as a rule either of the bare sound, or the sound preceded by
2421:
2365:
1137:
827:
810:
556:
2973:"Etruscan alphabet | Etruscan Writing, Ancient Scripts & Language"
2633:
7641:
7620:
7613:
6392:
6229:
5925:
5892:
5727:
5618:
5167:
4895:
4811:
4536:
3810:
3771:
2754:
2750:
2668:
2580:
2564:
2551:
2514:
2513:
in the inscription depicted. Some letters have more than one form in
1324:
1315:
1132:
shapes have evolved over the centuries, including the development in
1065:
495:
212:
6335:
2380:
The Latin names of some of these letters are disputed; for example,
1323:, dated to the 6th century BC, shows the earliest known form of the
6357:
6320:
6315:
6195:
6156:
5997:
5756:
5641:
5532:
5274:
5162:
5112:
4983:
4496:
4299:
4259:
4040:
4033:
3884:
2401:
1838:
1686:
843:
816:
351:
275:
48:
6377:
6464:
5971:
5842:
5732:
5707:
5593:
5430:
5284:
5259:
5028:
4935:
4583:
4197:
4008:
3730:
3321:
2874:
2705:
s) was added to the Latin alphabet, to represent sounds from the
2440:
1727:
228:
3735:
2753:, become established. Prior to that, the former had been merely
2660:
7465:
5209:
5021:
4940:
4885:
4593:
4264:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3218:
2894:
2488:
1220:
501:
447:
441:
2776:, and various so-called minuscule scripts that developed from
1140:, forms which did not exist in the Classical period alphabet.
895:
5832:
5827:
5677:
5460:
5361:
5048:
3959:
3688:
2730:
2664:
2641:
2520:
1670:
1300:
1283:
It is generally believed that the Latin alphabet used by the
1188:
1044:. Largely unaltered excepting several letters splitting—i.e.
754:
748:
3576:
3131:
Vox Latina – a guide to the pronunciation of classical Latin
6310:
6205:
2709:
which did not exist in medieval Latin, and only after the
2935:
Transnationalism in
Ancient and Medieval Societies. p. 23
2517:. Latinists have treated some of them especially such as
2416:, which needed different vowels to be distinguished from
1725:
was used only rarely, in a small number of words such as
3125:(1978). "The names of the letters of the Latin alphabet
1689:. Later, probably during the 3rd century BC, the letter
19:
For the usage of this alphabet in modern languages, see
3596:
1825:
in the 1st century BC, Latin adopted the Greek letters
1036:, is the collection of letters originally used by the
3536:
3529:
3522:
3515:
3508:
3501:
3494:
3487:
3480:
3473:
3466:
3459:
3452:
3445:
3438:
3431:
3424:
3417:
3410:
3403:
3396:
3389:
3382:
3375:
3368:
3361:
2768:. Early deviations from the classical forms were the
2744:
2736:
2724:
2716:
2700:
2688:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2396:. In general the Romans did not use the traditional (
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1155:
The Latin alphabet evolved from the visually similar
1088:. Its basic modern inventory is standardised as the
274:. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
3798:
List of typographical symbols and punctuation marks
1665:Latin included 21 different characters. The letter
1247:have also tended to prefer the Latin script or the
3027:The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language
2628:
2364:is written taller rather than taking an apex. The
3102:
1717:was generally reserved for the voiceless plosive
7691:
288:IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters
3111:
2760:With the fragmentation of political power, the
1072:that is used to write most languages of modern
2469:; for the names of the letters in English see
2443:not being in use yet, but this was changed to
2400:-derived) names as in Greek: the names of the
6449:
3842:
3234:
3151:
2949:Dizionario di Abbreviature Latine ed Italiane
3856:
3072:
3054:
2836:This is still systematically done in modern
1833:(or readopted, in the latter case) to write
3086:
2792:were the most influential, introducing the
2500:
2444:
1816:
6456:
6442:
3849:
3835:
3241:
3227:
3075:Die Schrift in Vergangenheit und Gegenwart
2544:, though it fell out of use after 200 AD.
1258:
894:
160:; also more divergent derivations such as
2583:system consisting of thousands of signs.
2575:centuries AD by Latin and Greek scribes.
2499:. For example, what is today transcribed
2435:when introduced was probably called "hy"
1512:
1223:, coming into use for writing indigenous
16:Alphabet used to write the Latin language
2996:
2946:
2910:Western Latin character sets (computing)
2659:
2632:
2621:scripts), to be later supplanted by the
2536:The primary mark of punctuation was the
2347:
1314:
1148:For broader coverage of this topic, see
3788:Precomposed Latin characters in Unicode
3090:(1993). "La scrittura e la lingua". In
3023:
1681:alike, possibly under the influence of
312:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
7692:
3098:. Firenze: Giunti. pp. S.199–227.
3059:. London: George Allen and Unwin Ltd.
2807:to begin paragraphs and sentences and
1310:
1167:, which was itself descended from the
1064:, and extensions such as letters with
428:
7593:American Printing House for the Blind
7369:International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
7021:Devanagari (Hindi / Marathi / Nepali)
6437:
6227:
6182:
6075:
5754:
5639:
4981:
4195:
3957:
3940:
3830:
3222:
3121:
2391:
2385:
1845:did not last. Thus it was during the
1685:, which might have lacked any voiced
1660:
1303:, which in turn was derived from the
1295:. That alphabet was derived from the
6076:
3772:DIN 91379: Unicode subset for Europe
278:. For the distinction between ,
6463:
3079:Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften
2997:Liberman, Anatoly (7 August 2013).
13:
6183:
3048:
1669:was the western form of the Greek
1187:, which are direct descendants of
14:
7721:
3161:
3096:Gli etruschi – Una nuova immagine
2951:. Milano: Editore Ulrico Hoepli.
2900:Roman letters used in mathematics
2788:and derivations of this, such as
1673:, but it was used for the sounds
3248:
3024:Crystal, David (4 August 2003).
2999:"Alphabet soup, part 2: H and Y"
2850:Latin spelling and pronunciation
2467:Latin spelling and pronunciation
35:
6228:
3317:International Phonetic Alphabet
2713:did the convention of treating
2629:Medieval and later developments
1249:International Phonetic Alphabet
1120:, or add new letters, like the
342:
270:International Phonetic Alphabet
3922:Languages by writing system /
3030:. Cambridge University Press.
3017:
2990:
2965:
2940:
2927:
2567:script commonly used from the
2360:in the first line.) The vowel
1116:may discard letters, like the
1:
7710:History of the Roman Republic
7361:Gardner–Salinas braille codes
7317:Gardner–Salinas braille codes
5755:
5640:
4982:
2920:
2672:
1731:, often interchangeably with
1171:, which in turn derived from
819:
802:
789:
657:
450:
409:
62:
7572:National Braille Association
7551:Braille Institute of America
7269:Two-cell Chinese (Shuangpin)
4196:
3767:Western Latin character sets
3192:Resources in other libraries
3107:. London (etc.): Hutchinson.
2638:De chalcographiae inventione
1143:
1095:
263: This article contains
7:
7452:Refreshable braille display
7431:Optical braille recognition
7028:Bengali (Bangla / Assamese)
6560:Chinese (mainland Mandarin)
5703:New Epoch Notation Painting
3793:Letters used in mathematics
2843:
2799:The languages that use the
2408:to their sound (except for
1274:History of the Latin script
426:
10:
7726:
7519:Thakur Vishva Narain Singh
3958:
3349:
3135:Cambridge University Press
3103:Sampson, Geoffrey (1985).
3083:, as revised by the author
2947:Cappelli, Adriano (1990).
2933:Michael C. Howard (2012),
2915:Spread of the Latin script
2880:Legacy of the Roman Empire
2825:United States Constitution
2461:was given its Greek name,
1278:
1271:
1267:
1253:African reference alphabet
1177:Etruscans ruled early Rome
1147:
18:
7651:
7602:
7542:
7475:
7385:
7331:
7294:
7255:Mainland Chinese Mandarin
7234:
7215:
7196:
7101:
7007:
6968:
6895:
6822:
6521:
6514:
6475:
6433:
6236:
6223:
6191:
6178:
6129:
6088:
6084:
6071:
6047:
6011:
5985:
5934:
5891:
5856:
5776:
5769:Chinese family of scripts
5767:
5763:
5750:
5648:
5635:
5586:
4994:
4990:
4977:
4839:Boyd's syllabic shorthand
4826:
4474:
4217:
4208:
4204:
4191:
3966:
3953:
3949:
3941:
3936:
3924:by first written accounts
3893:
3872:
3868:
3806:
3780:
3749:
3699:
3681:
3663:
3640:
3557:
3548:
3337:
3289:
3256:
3187:Resources in your library
3040:– via Google Books.
3005:. Oxford University Press
2832:United States of America.
1853:Classical Latin alphabet
1159:, which evolved from the
261:
244:
234:
227:
211:
206:
168:
149:
102:
97:
87:
73:
68: – present
55:
43:
34:
28:
7242:Chinese semi-syllabaries
6505:Unicode braille patterns
6491:International uniformity
4946:Thomas Natural Shorthand
3353:ISO basic Latin alphabet
3309:ISO basic Latin alphabet
3304:Classical Latin alphabet
3112:Wachter, Rudolf (1987).
2870:ISO basic Latin alphabet
1823:Roman conquest of Greece
1817:Classical Latin alphabet
1090:ISO basic Latin alphabet
7579:Blindness organizations
7558:Braille Without Borders
7347:Canadian currency marks
6969:Egyptian lineage family
6152:Southwest Paleohispanic
2865:Latin script in Unicode
2772:, a development of the
2644:) with the 23 letters.
2420:) and the names of the
1518:Archaic Latin alphabet
1259:Signs and abbreviations
1150:History of the alphabet
325:History of the alphabet
266:phonetic transcriptions
255:Latin script in Unicode
115:Proto-Sinaitic alphabet
6896:Russian lineage family
6296:Great Lakes Algonquian
5205:Greco-Iberian alphabet
5138:Gabelsberger shorthand
4081:Inscriptional Parthian
3152:Biktaş, Şamil (2003).
3057:Sign Symbol and Script
2834:
2678:
2657:
2589:script, also known as
2540:, which was used as a
2501:
2445:
2439:as in Greek, the name
2404:were formed by adding
2377:
1513:Archaic Latin alphabet
1328:
1114:Latin-script alphabets
717:Great Lakes Algonquian
300:This article contains
7660:Accessible publishing
7586:Schools for the blind
7565:Japan Braille Library
7354:Computer Braille Code
7008:Indian lineage family
6388:Old Persian cuneiform
5255:Carolingian minuscule
4061:Ancient North Arabian
3073:Jensen, Hans (1958).
3055:Jensen, Hans (1970).
2829:
2790:Carolingian minuscule
2681:It was not until the
2663:
2636:
2623:Carolingian minuscule
2557:Roman square capitals
2384:may have been called
2351:
2223:Latin pronunciation (
1318:
1287:was derived from the
1161:Cumaean Greek version
401:Ancient South Arabian
7424:Mountbatten Brailler
6779:(largely reassigned)
6562:(largely reassigned)
6111:Southeastern Iberian
6106:Northeastern Iberian
4004:Egyptian hieroglyphs
2550:script, also called
1213:Christian evangelism
1173:Egyptian hieroglyphs
1032:, also known as the
336:Egyptian hieroglyphs
223:, Latin
110:Egyptian hieroglyphs
7376:Nemeth braille code
7162:(reassigned vowels)
6687:(extended to 8-dot)
6261:Canadian Aboriginal
6147:Khitan small script
5869:Khitan large script
5059:Coorgi–Cox alphabet
3313:Phonetic alphabets
2890:Phoenician alphabet
2784:developed by Irish
1978:Latin name (majus)
1854:
1841:to introduce three
1740:
1739:Old Latin alphabet
1519:
1335:
1333:Old Italic alphabet
1311:Old Italic alphabet
1305:Phoenician alphabet
1289:Old Italic alphabet
1169:Phoenician alphabet
1060:—additions such as
563:Canadian Aboriginal
120:Phoenician alphabet
7410:Braille translator
7387:Braille technology
7363:(science; GS8/GS6)
7332:Symbols in braille
7262:Taiwanese Mandarin
6777:Taiwanese Mandarin
6383:Nwagu Aneke script
5935:Other logosyllabic
5857:Chinese-influenced
5796:Oracle bone script
5778:Chinese characters
5713:Ojibwe Hieroglyphs
5103:Eclectic shorthand
5091:Duployan shorthand
5044:Caucasian Albanian
4844:Canadian syllabics
3880:History of writing
3700:Keyboard layouts (
3003:Oxford Etymologist
2707:Germanic languages
2679:
2658:
2378:
1852:
1843:additional letters
1738:
1661:Old Latin alphabet
1517:
1331:
1329:
1321:Duenos inscription
1209:age of colonialism
787:Caucasian Albanian
302:special characters
7687:
7686:
7683:
7682:
7605:tactile alphabets
7533:William Bell Wait
7526:Sabriye Tenberken
7327:
7326:
7192:
7191:
7177:(Japanese vowels)
6975:-mediated scripts
6902:-mediated scripts
6429:
6428:
6425:
6424:
6421:
6420:
6281:Ditema tsa Dinoko
6219:
6218:
6174:
6173:
6170:
6169:
6067:
6066:
6063:
6062:
5887:
5886:
5746:
5745:
5631:
5630:
5627:
5626:
4973:
4972:
4969:
4968:
4822:
4821:
4187:
4186:
4174:Teeline Shorthand
3932:
3931:
3824:
3823:
3695:
3694:
3543:
3542:
3329:Spelling alphabet
3168:Library resources
3092:Cristofani, Mauro
2778:New Roman cursive
2774:Old Roman cursive
2607:⟨e⟩
2603:⟨d⟩
2599:⟨b⟩
2595:⟨a⟩
2587:New Roman cursive
2548:Old Roman cursive
2527:⟨H⟩
2459:⟨Z⟩
2433:⟨Y⟩
2418:⟨C⟩
2414:⟨Q⟩
2410:⟨K⟩
2382:⟨H⟩
2346:
2345:
1831:⟨Z⟩
1827:⟨Y⟩
1814:
1813:
1733:⟨C⟩
1723:⟨K⟩
1715:⟨C⟩
1703:⟨G⟩
1699:⟨C⟩
1695:⟨G⟩
1691:⟨Z⟩
1667:⟨C⟩
1658:
1657:
1510:
1509:
1243:. More recently,
1241:African languages
1185:Romance languages
1157:Etruscan alphabet
1062:⟨W⟩
1058:⟨V⟩
1054:⟨U⟩
1050:⟨I⟩
1046:⟨J⟩
1026:
1025:
873:
872:
413: 5th c. BCE
308:rendering support
295:
294:
130:Old Italic script
7717:
7676:
7669:
7667:Braille literacy
7662:
7644:
7637:
7630:
7623:
7616:
7595:
7588:
7581:
7574:
7567:
7560:
7553:
7535:
7528:
7521:
7514:
7507:
7500:
7493:
7486:
7468:
7461:
7459:Slate and stylus
7454:
7447:
7445:Perkins Brailler
7440:
7433:
7426:
7419:
7412:
7405:
7403:Braille embosser
7398:
7378:
7371:
7364:
7356:
7349:
7342:
7320:
7312:
7305:
7287:
7280:
7271:
7264:
7257:
7250:
7243:
7227:
7224:American Braille
7208:
7205:Algerian Braille
7185:
7178:
7170:
7163:
7155:
7148:
7141:
7134:
7126:
7119:
7112:
7094:
7086:
7079:
7072:
7065:
7058:
7051:
7044:
7037:
7030:
7023:
7000:
6992:
6985:
6961:
6954:
6947:
6940:
6933:
6926:
6919:
6912:
6886:
6881:
6876:
6869:
6864:
6859:
6854:
6847:
6840:
6833:
6820:
6819:
6815:
6808:
6801:
6794:
6787:
6780:
6772:
6765:
6758:
6751:
6744:
6737:
6730:
6723:
6716:
6709:
6702:
6695:
6688:
6680:
6673:
6666:
6659:
6652:
6645:
6638:
6631:
6624:
6617:
6610:
6603:
6596:
6589:
6577:
6570:
6563:
6555:
6548:
6541:
6534:
6519:
6518:
6507:
6500:
6493:
6486:
6469:
6458:
6451:
6444:
6435:
6434:
6225:
6224:
6180:
6179:
6086:
6085:
6078:Semi-syllabaries
6073:
6072:
5774:
5773:
5765:
5764:
5752:
5751:
5637:
5636:
4992:
4991:
4979:
4978:
4881:Japanese Braille
4466:Zanabazar square
4335:Nepalese scripts
4225:Bengali–Assamese
4215:
4214:
4206:
4205:
4193:
4192:
4110:Pitman shorthand
3955:
3954:
3951:
3950:
3938:
3937:
3870:
3869:
3851:
3844:
3837:
3828:
3827:
3555:
3554:
3539:
3532:
3525:
3518:
3511:
3504:
3497:
3490:
3483:
3476:
3469:
3462:
3455:
3448:
3441:
3434:
3427:
3420:
3413:
3406:
3399:
3392:
3385:
3378:
3371:
3364:
3347:
3346:
3243:
3236:
3229:
3220:
3219:
3204:Latin Dictionary
3202:Lewis and Short
3157:
3148:
3123:Allen, W. Sidney
3117:
3108:
3099:
3082:
3070:
3042:
3041:
3021:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3010:
2994:
2988:
2987:
2985:
2983:
2969:
2963:
2962:
2944:
2938:
2931:
2860:Euboean alphabet
2811:. The rules for
2762:style of writing
2748:
2740:
2728:
2720:
2704:
2692:
2685:that the letter
2677:
2674:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2528:
2524:
2512:
2510:
2504:
2498:
2496:
2471:English alphabet
2460:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2438:
2434:
2427:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2395:
2389:
2383:
2359:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2213:
2101:Transliteration
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1855:
1851:
1832:
1828:
1741:
1737:
1734:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1705:represented the
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1680:
1676:
1668:
1520:
1516:
1425:Transliteration
1336:
1330:
1297:Euboean alphabet
1205:Slavic languages
1118:Rotokas alphabet
1110:English alphabet
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
898:
875:
874:
824:
821:
807:
804:
794:
791:
662:
659:
596:
595:
455:
452:
431:
414:
411:
390:
389:
368:
367:
356:
355:
344:
340:
339:
319:
318:
291:
285:
281:
222:
219:
69:
67:
64:
39:
26:
25:
7725:
7724:
7720:
7719:
7718:
7716:
7715:
7714:
7690:
7689:
7688:
7679:
7672:
7665:
7658:
7647:
7640:
7633:
7626:
7619:
7612:
7598:
7591:
7584:
7577:
7570:
7563:
7556:
7549:
7538:
7531:
7524:
7517:
7510:
7503:
7496:
7491:Charles Barbier
7489:
7482:
7471:
7464:
7457:
7450:
7443:
7436:
7429:
7422:
7415:
7408:
7401:
7394:
7381:
7374:
7367:
7359:
7352:
7345:
7338:
7323:
7315:
7308:
7301:
7290:
7283:
7276:
7267:
7260:
7253:
7246:
7241:
7230:
7222:
7216:Frequency-based
7211:
7203:
7188:
7181:
7173:
7166:
7158:
7151:
7144:
7137:
7129:
7122:
7115:
7108:
7097:
7089:
7082:
7075:
7068:
7061:
7054:
7047:
7040:
7033:
7026:
7019:
7012:Bharati Braille
7009:
7003:
6995:
6988:
6981:
6970:
6964:
6957:
6950:
6943:
6936:
6929:
6922:
6915:
6908:
6897:
6891:
6884:
6879:
6872:
6867:
6862:
6857:
6850:
6843:
6836:
6829:
6818:
6811:
6804:
6797:
6790:
6783:
6775:
6768:
6761:
6754:
6747:
6740:
6733:
6726:
6719:
6712:
6705:
6698:
6691:
6683:
6676:
6669:
6662:
6655:
6648:
6641:
6634:
6627:
6620:
6613:
6606:
6599:
6592:
6586:Unified English
6580:
6573:
6566:
6558:
6551:
6544:
6537:
6530:
6515:Braille scripts
6510:
6503:
6496:
6489:
6482:
6471:
6467:
6462:
6417:
6232:
6215:
6211:Stokoe notation
6187:
6166:
6125:
6080:
6059:
6043:
6007:
5986:Logoconsonantal
5981:
5930:
5883:
5852:
5759:
5742:
5723:Siglas poveiras
5644:
5623:
5582:
5486:Younger Futhark
5190:Gregg shorthand
4986:
4965:
4818:
4470:
4200:
4183:
3962:
3945:
3928:
3901:Writing systems
3889:
3864:
3862:writing systems
3855:
3825:
3820:
3802:
3776:
3745:
3691:
3677:
3659:
3636:
3544:
3535:
3528:
3521:
3514:
3507:
3500:
3493:
3486:
3479:
3472:
3465:
3458:
3451:
3444:
3437:
3430:
3423:
3416:
3409:
3402:
3395:
3388:
3381:
3374:
3367:
3360:
3355:
3351:Letters of the
3333:
3285:
3252:
3247:
3198:
3197:
3196:
3176:
3175:
3171:
3164:
3145:
3105:Writing systems
3094:(hrsg.) (ed.).
3067:
3051:
3049:Further reading
3046:
3045:
3038:
3022:
3018:
3008:
3006:
2995:
2991:
2981:
2979:
2971:
2970:
2966:
2959:
2945:
2941:
2932:
2928:
2923:
2846:
2805:capital letters
2780:, of which the
2757:of the latter.
2742:
2734:
2722:
2714:
2698:
2686:
2675:
2631:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2526:
2525:, a variant of
2518:
2508:
2506:
2494:
2492:
2458:
2432:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2381:
2357:
2336:iː ˈɡraɪka
2209:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1847:classical Latin
1830:
1826:
1819:
1732:
1722:
1714:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1666:
1663:
1515:
1313:
1281:
1276:
1270:
1261:
1153:
1146:
1098:
1068:, it forms the
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1022:
1021:
906:
869:
868:
867:
822:
805:
792:
660:
589:
588:
465:
464:
453:
412:
383:
382:
361:
360:
349:
348:
333:
332:
327:
317:
316:
315:
306:Without proper
262:
249:
237:
220:
217:
202:
171:
164:
158:Latin alphabets
152:
145:
105:
98:Related scripts
74:Official script
65:
61:
58:
51:
30:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7723:
7713:
7712:
7707:
7702:
7685:
7684:
7681:
7680:
7678:
7677:
7670:
7663:
7655:
7653:
7652:Related topics
7649:
7648:
7646:
7645:
7638:
7631:
7628:New York Point
7624:
7617:
7609:
7607:
7600:
7599:
7597:
7596:
7589:
7582:
7575:
7568:
7561:
7554:
7546:
7544:
7540:
7539:
7537:
7536:
7529:
7522:
7515:
7512:Harris Mowbray
7508:
7501:
7494:
7487:
7479:
7477:
7473:
7472:
7470:
7469:
7462:
7455:
7448:
7441:
7434:
7427:
7420:
7413:
7406:
7399:
7396:Braille e-book
7391:
7389:
7383:
7382:
7380:
7379:
7372:
7365:
7357:
7350:
7343:
7335:
7333:
7329:
7328:
7325:
7324:
7322:
7321:
7313:
7306:
7298:
7296:
7292:
7291:
7289:
7288:
7281:
7274:
7273:
7272:
7265:
7258:
7251:
7238:
7236:
7232:
7231:
7229:
7228:
7219:
7217:
7213:
7212:
7210:
7209:
7200:
7198:
7194:
7193:
7190:
7189:
7187:
7186:
7179:
7171:
7164:
7156:
7149:
7142:
7135:
7127:
7120:
7113:
7105:
7103:
7099:
7098:
7096:
7095:
7087:
7080:
7073:
7066:
7059:
7052:
7045:
7038:
7031:
7024:
7016:
7014:
7005:
7004:
7002:
7001:
6993:
6986:
6978:
6976:
6966:
6965:
6963:
6962:
6955:
6948:
6941:
6934:
6927:
6920:
6913:
6905:
6903:
6893:
6892:
6890:
6889:
6888:
6887:
6882:
6877:
6870:
6865:
6860:
6848:
6841:
6834:
6826:
6824:
6817:
6816:
6809:
6802:
6795:
6788:
6781:
6773:
6766:
6759:
6752:
6745:
6738:
6731:
6724:
6717:
6710:
6703:
6696:
6689:
6681:
6674:
6667:
6660:
6653:
6646:
6639:
6632:
6625:
6618:
6611:
6604:
6597:
6590:
6578:
6571:
6564:
6556:
6549:
6542:
6535:
6527:
6525:
6523:French-ordered
6516:
6512:
6511:
6509:
6508:
6501:
6494:
6487:
6479:
6477:
6473:
6472:
6461:
6460:
6453:
6446:
6438:
6431:
6430:
6427:
6426:
6423:
6422:
6419:
6418:
6416:
6415:
6410:
6405:
6400:
6395:
6390:
6385:
6380:
6375:
6370:
6365:
6363:Linear Elamite
6360:
6355:
6350:
6345:
6344:
6343:
6338:
6333:
6328:
6323:
6318:
6308:
6303:
6298:
6293:
6288:
6283:
6278:
6273:
6268:
6263:
6258:
6253:
6248:
6243:
6237:
6234:
6233:
6221:
6220:
6217:
6216:
6214:
6213:
6208:
6203:
6198:
6192:
6189:
6188:
6185:Sign languages
6176:
6175:
6172:
6171:
6168:
6167:
6165:
6164:
6162:Quốc Âm Tân Tự
6159:
6154:
6149:
6144:
6139:
6137:Espanca script
6133:
6131:
6127:
6126:
6124:
6123:
6118:
6113:
6108:
6103:
6098:
6096:Linear Elamite
6092:
6090:
6082:
6081:
6069:
6068:
6065:
6064:
6061:
6060:
6058:
6057:
6051:
6049:
6045:
6044:
6042:
6041:
6036:
6031:
6026:
6021:
6015:
6013:
6009:
6008:
6006:
6005:
6000:
5995:
5989:
5987:
5983:
5982:
5980:
5979:
5977:Yi (Classical)
5974:
5969:
5964:
5959:
5954:
5949:
5944:
5938:
5936:
5932:
5931:
5929:
5928:
5923:
5918:
5913:
5908:
5903:
5897:
5895:
5889:
5888:
5885:
5884:
5882:
5881:
5876:
5871:
5866:
5860:
5858:
5854:
5853:
5851:
5850:
5845:
5840:
5835:
5830:
5825:
5824:
5823:
5818:
5813:
5803:
5801:Bronze scripts
5798:
5793:
5788:
5782:
5780:
5771:
5761:
5760:
5748:
5747:
5744:
5743:
5741:
5740:
5735:
5730:
5725:
5720:
5715:
5710:
5705:
5700:
5695:
5690:
5685:
5680:
5675:
5670:
5665:
5660:
5655:
5649:
5646:
5645:
5633:
5632:
5629:
5628:
5625:
5624:
5622:
5621:
5616:
5614:Flag semaphore
5611:
5609:New York Point
5606:
5604:Telegraph code
5601:
5599:Maritime flags
5596:
5590:
5588:
5584:
5583:
5581:
5580:
5575:
5570:
5565:
5560:
5555:
5553:Visible Speech
5550:
5545:
5540:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5523:Sorang Sompeng
5520:
5515:
5510:
5509:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5493:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5458:
5453:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5433:
5428:
5427:
5426:
5425:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5407:Galik alphabet
5404:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5313:
5312:
5307:
5305:Tironian notes
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5171:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5150:
5148:Garay alphabet
5145:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5099:
5098:
5088:
5083:
5082:
5081:
5076:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5025:
5024:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4998:
4996:
4988:
4987:
4975:
4974:
4971:
4970:
4967:
4966:
4964:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4931:Sorang Sompeng
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4857:
4856:
4854:Déné syllabics
4851:
4841:
4836:
4830:
4828:
4824:
4823:
4820:
4819:
4817:
4816:
4815:
4814:
4809:
4799:
4798:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4691:
4690:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4644:
4643:
4638:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4617:
4616:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4580:
4579:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4478:
4476:
4472:
4471:
4469:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4457:
4456:
4451:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4410:
4409:
4399:
4398:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4221:
4219:
4212:
4202:
4201:
4189:
4188:
4185:
4184:
4182:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4170:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4149:
4144:
4143:
4142:
4137:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4115:Proto-Sinaitic
4112:
4107:
4106:
4105:
4095:
4090:
4089:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4037:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4011:
4006:
4001:
4000:
3999:
3989:
3988:
3987:
3976:
3975:
3967:
3964:
3963:
3947:
3946:
3934:
3933:
3930:
3929:
3927:
3926:
3920:
3919:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3897:
3895:
3891:
3890:
3888:
3887:
3882:
3876:
3874:
3866:
3865:
3854:
3853:
3846:
3839:
3831:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3818:
3813:
3807:
3804:
3803:
3801:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3784:
3782:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3753:
3751:
3747:
3746:
3744:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3707:
3705:
3697:
3696:
3693:
3692:
3687:
3685:
3679:
3678:
3676:
3675:
3669:
3667:
3661:
3660:
3658:
3657:
3652:
3646:
3644:
3638:
3637:
3635:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3563:
3561:
3552:
3546:
3545:
3541:
3540:
3533:
3526:
3519:
3512:
3505:
3498:
3491:
3484:
3477:
3470:
3463:
3456:
3449:
3442:
3435:
3428:
3421:
3414:
3407:
3400:
3393:
3386:
3379:
3372:
3365:
3357:
3356:
3350:
3345:
3343:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3331:
3326:
3325:
3324:
3319:
3311:
3306:
3300:
3298:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3283:
3278:
3276:Roman numerals
3273:
3268:
3263:
3257:
3254:
3253:
3246:
3245:
3238:
3231:
3223:
3217:
3216:
3214:Latin-Alphabet
3211:
3206:on the letter
3195:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3178:
3177:
3173:Latin alphabet
3166:
3165:
3163:
3162:External links
3160:
3159:
3158:
3149:
3143:
3119:
3109:
3100:
3084:
3065:
3050:
3047:
3044:
3043:
3036:
3016:
2989:
2964:
2957:
2939:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2918:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2845:
2842:
2821:Modern English
2813:capitalization
2803:generally use
2782:insular script
2766:printing press
2693:(originally a
2630:
2627:
2577:Tironian notes
2509:lv́ciꟾ·a·fꟾliꟾ
2393:[ˈaka]
2387:[ˈaha]
2344:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2220:
2219:
2214:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2098:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1975:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1745:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1592:
1588:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1523:As Old Italic
1514:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1422:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1312:
1309:
1280:
1277:
1272:Main article:
1269:
1266:
1260:
1257:
1219:spread beyond
1165:Greek alphabet
1145:
1142:
1134:Medieval Latin
1102:Latin alphabet
1097:
1094:
1042:Latin language
1038:ancient Romans
1034:Roman alphabet
1030:Latin alphabet
1024:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1014:
1013:
1012:
1002:
1001:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
974:
969:
968:
967:
962:
952:
951:
950:
945:
935:
934:
933:
928:
923:
918:
907:
904:
903:
900:
899:
891:
890:
884:
883:
871:
870:
866:
865:
864:
863:
857:
856:
855:
854:
853:
835:
834:
833:
832:
831:
814:
808:
797:
796:
795:
778:
772:
766:
760:
759:
758:
752:
746:
745:
744:
738:
732:
726:
720:
714:
690:
689:
688:
682:
681:
680:
679:
678:
677:
676:
665:
664:
663:
634:
633:
632:
631:
630:
612:
606:
605:
604:
586:
585:
584:
581:Square Aramaic
572:
571:
570:
569:
568:
567:
566:
554:
553:
552:
540:
539:
538:
532:
526:
499:
487:
486:
485:
466:
463:
462:
456:
445:
439:
438:
437:
436:
435:
434:
433:
417:
416:
415:
398:
386:Proto-Sinaitic
380:
379:
378:
377:
376:
329:
328:
323:
322:
310:, you may see
298:
297:
296:
293:
292:
286:⟩, see
259:
258:
250:
245:
242:
241:
238:
235:
232:
231:
225:
224:
215:
209:
208:
204:
203:
201:
200:
195:
190:
185:
180:
174:
172:
170:Sister systems
169:
166:
165:
155:
153:
150:
147:
146:
144:
143:
142:
141:
140:
139:
138:
137:
136:
135:
125:Greek alphabet
108:
106:
104:Parent systems
103:
100:
99:
95:
94:
89:
85:
84:
78:Roman Republic
75:
71:
70:
59:
56:
53:
52:
47:
45:
41:
40:
32:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7722:
7711:
7708:
7706:
7703:
7701:
7698:
7697:
7695:
7675:
7671:
7668:
7664:
7661:
7657:
7656:
7654:
7650:
7643:
7639:
7636:
7635:Night writing
7632:
7629:
7625:
7622:
7618:
7615:
7611:
7610:
7608:
7606:
7601:
7594:
7590:
7587:
7583:
7580:
7576:
7573:
7569:
7566:
7562:
7559:
7555:
7552:
7548:
7547:
7545:
7543:Organisations
7541:
7534:
7530:
7527:
7523:
7520:
7516:
7513:
7509:
7506:
7505:Valentin Haüy
7502:
7499:
7495:
7492:
7488:
7485:
7484:Louis Braille
7481:
7480:
7478:
7474:
7467:
7463:
7460:
7456:
7453:
7449:
7446:
7442:
7439:
7435:
7432:
7428:
7425:
7421:
7418:
7417:Braille watch
7414:
7411:
7407:
7404:
7400:
7397:
7393:
7392:
7390:
7388:
7384:
7377:
7373:
7370:
7366:
7362:
7358:
7355:
7351:
7348:
7344:
7341:
7340:Braille music
7337:
7336:
7334:
7330:
7318:
7314:
7311:
7307:
7304:
7303:Luxembourgish
7300:
7299:
7297:
7293:
7286:
7282:
7279:
7275:
7270:
7266:
7263:
7259:
7256:
7252:
7249:
7245:
7244:
7240:
7239:
7237:
7233:
7225:
7221:
7220:
7218:
7214:
7206:
7202:
7201:
7199:
7195:
7184:
7180:
7176:
7172:
7169:
7165:
7161:
7157:
7154:
7150:
7147:
7143:
7140:
7136:
7132:
7128:
7125:
7121:
7118:
7114:
7111:
7107:
7106:
7104:
7102:Other scripts
7100:
7092:
7088:
7085:
7081:
7078:
7074:
7071:
7067:
7064:
7060:
7057:
7053:
7050:
7046:
7043:
7039:
7036:
7032:
7029:
7025:
7022:
7018:
7017:
7015:
7013:
7006:
6998:
6994:
6991:
6987:
6984:
6980:
6979:
6977:
6974:
6967:
6960:
6956:
6953:
6949:
6946:
6942:
6939:
6935:
6932:
6928:
6925:
6921:
6918:
6914:
6911:
6907:
6906:
6904:
6901:
6894:
6883:
6878:
6875:
6874:Northern Sámi
6871:
6866:
6861:
6856:
6855:
6853:
6849:
6846:
6842:
6839:
6835:
6832:
6828:
6827:
6825:
6823:Nordic family
6821:
6814:
6810:
6807:
6803:
6800:
6796:
6793:
6789:
6786:
6782:
6778:
6774:
6771:
6767:
6764:
6763:South African
6760:
6757:
6753:
6750:
6746:
6743:
6739:
6736:
6732:
6729:
6725:
6722:
6718:
6715:
6711:
6708:
6704:
6701:
6697:
6694:
6690:
6686:
6685:Luxembourgish
6682:
6679:
6675:
6672:
6668:
6665:
6661:
6658:
6654:
6651:
6647:
6644:
6640:
6637:
6633:
6630:
6626:
6623:
6619:
6616:
6612:
6609:
6605:
6602:
6598:
6595:
6591:
6587:
6583:
6579:
6576:
6572:
6569:
6565:
6561:
6557:
6554:
6550:
6547:
6543:
6540:
6536:
6533:
6529:
6528:
6526:
6524:
6520:
6517:
6513:
6506:
6502:
6499:
6498:ASCII braille
6495:
6492:
6488:
6485:
6481:
6480:
6478:
6474:
6466:
6459:
6454:
6452:
6447:
6445:
6440:
6439:
6436:
6432:
6414:
6411:
6409:
6406:
6404:
6401:
6399:
6396:
6394:
6391:
6389:
6386:
6384:
6381:
6379:
6376:
6374:
6371:
6369:
6366:
6364:
6361:
6359:
6356:
6354:
6351:
6349:
6346:
6342:
6339:
6337:
6334:
6332:
6329:
6327:
6324:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6314:
6313:
6312:
6309:
6307:
6304:
6302:
6299:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6284:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6272:
6269:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6259:
6257:
6254:
6252:
6249:
6247:
6244:
6242:
6239:
6238:
6235:
6231:
6226:
6222:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6197:
6194:
6193:
6190:
6186:
6181:
6177:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6134:
6132:
6128:
6122:
6119:
6117:
6114:
6112:
6109:
6107:
6104:
6102:
6099:
6097:
6094:
6093:
6091:
6087:
6083:
6079:
6074:
6070:
6056:
6053:
6052:
6050:
6046:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6029:Attic (Greek)
6027:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6017:
6016:
6014:
6010:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5991:
5990:
5988:
5984:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5967:Proto-Elamite
5965:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5948:
5945:
5943:
5940:
5939:
5937:
5933:
5927:
5924:
5922:
5919:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5898:
5896:
5894:
5890:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5861:
5859:
5855:
5849:
5846:
5844:
5841:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5829:
5826:
5822:
5819:
5817:
5814:
5812:
5809:
5808:
5807:
5804:
5802:
5799:
5797:
5794:
5792:
5789:
5787:
5784:
5783:
5781:
5779:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5766:
5762:
5758:
5753:
5749:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5706:
5704:
5701:
5699:
5696:
5694:
5691:
5689:
5686:
5684:
5681:
5679:
5676:
5674:
5671:
5669:
5666:
5664:
5661:
5659:
5656:
5654:
5651:
5650:
5647:
5643:
5638:
5634:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5591:
5589:
5585:
5579:
5576:
5574:
5571:
5569:
5566:
5564:
5561:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5481:Elder Futhark
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5463:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5452:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5429:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5399:
5398:
5395:
5394:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5372:Old Hungarian
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5242:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5200:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5155:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5097:
5094:
5093:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5071:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5023:
5020:
5019:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4999:
4997:
4993:
4989:
4985:
4980:
4976:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4906:Masaram Gondi
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4876:Gunjala Gondi
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4846:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4831:
4829:
4825:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4804:
4803:
4800:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4762:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4689:
4688:Old Sundanese
4686:
4685:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4633:
4632:
4631:Old Maldivian
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4615:
4614:Bilang-bilang
4612:
4611:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4578:
4575:
4574:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4479:
4477:
4473:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4446:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4434:Sylheti Nagri
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4408:
4405:
4404:
4403:
4400:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4337:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4235:Brahmi script
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4222:
4220:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4207:
4203:
4199:
4194:
4190:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4154:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4132:
4131:
4130:South Arabian
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4104:
4101:
4100:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4076:Inscriptional
4074:
4072:
4069:
4068:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
3998:
3995:
3994:
3993:
3990:
3986:
3983:
3982:
3981:
3978:
3977:
3974:
3973:
3969:
3968:
3965:
3961:
3956:
3952:
3948:
3944:
3939:
3935:
3925:
3921:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3903:
3902:
3899:
3898:
3896:
3892:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3877:
3875:
3871:
3867:
3863:
3859:
3852:
3847:
3845:
3840:
3838:
3833:
3832:
3829:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3808:
3805:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3785:
3783:
3779:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3754:
3752:
3748:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3698:
3690:
3686:
3684:
3680:
3674:
3671:
3670:
3668:
3666:
3662:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3647:
3645:
3643:
3639:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3564:
3562:
3560:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3547:
3538:
3534:
3531:
3527:
3524:
3520:
3517:
3513:
3510:
3506:
3503:
3499:
3496:
3492:
3489:
3485:
3482:
3478:
3475:
3471:
3468:
3464:
3461:
3457:
3454:
3450:
3447:
3443:
3440:
3436:
3433:
3429:
3426:
3422:
3419:
3415:
3412:
3408:
3405:
3401:
3398:
3394:
3391:
3387:
3384:
3380:
3377:
3373:
3370:
3366:
3363:
3359:
3358:
3354:
3348:
3344:
3341:
3336:
3330:
3327:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3314:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3292:
3288:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3258:
3255:
3251:
3244:
3239:
3237:
3232:
3230:
3225:
3224:
3221:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3209:
3205:
3200:
3199:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3155:
3150:
3146:
3144:0-521-22049-1
3140:
3136:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3118:: Peter Lang.
3115:
3110:
3106:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3085:
3080:
3076:
3068:
3066:0-04-400021-9
3062:
3058:
3053:
3052:
3039:
3037:9780521530330
3033:
3029:
3028:
3020:
3004:
3000:
2993:
2978:
2974:
2968:
2960:
2958:88-203-1100-3
2954:
2950:
2943:
2936:
2930:
2926:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2847:
2841:
2839:
2833:
2828:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2797:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2771:
2770:uncial script
2767:
2763:
2758:
2756:
2752:
2746:
2738:
2732:
2726:
2718:
2712:
2708:
2702:
2696:
2690:
2684:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2639:
2635:
2626:
2624:
2620:
2616:
2612:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2543:
2539:
2534:
2532:
2522:
2516:
2503:
2502:Lūciī a fīliī
2490:
2486:
2483:used to mark
2482:
2478:
2474:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2447:
2442:
2429:
2423:
2403:
2399:
2394:
2388:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2355:
2350:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2226:
2222:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2212:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1850:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1824:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1736:
1730:
1729:
1721:. The letter
1708:
1688:
1684:
1672:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1334:
1326:
1322:
1317:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1275:
1265:
1256:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1237:Austroasiatic
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1191:, as well as
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1151:
1141:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1093:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1043:
1040:to write the
1039:
1035:
1031:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1006:
1003:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
966:
963:
961:
958:
957:
956:
953:
949:
946:
944:
941:
940:
939:
936:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
913:
912:
909:
908:
902:
901:
897:
893:
892:
889:
886:
885:
881:
877:
876:
861:
860:Paleohispanic
858:
851:
848:
847:
845:
842:
841:
839:
838:Libyco-Berber
836:
829:
826:
825:
818:
815:
812:
809:
801:
798:
788:
785:
784:
782:
779:
776:
773:
770:
767:
764:
761:
756:
753:
750:
747:
742:
739:
736:
733:
730:
727:
724:
721:
718:
715:
712:
709:
708:
706:
703:
702:
700:
697:
696:
694:
691:
686:
683:
674:
671:
670:
669:
666:
656:
655:Old Hungarian
653:
652:
650:
647:
646:
644:
641:
640:
638:
635:
628:
625:
624:
622:
619:
618:
616:
613:
610:
607:
602:
599:
598:
594:
593:
587:
582:
579:
578:
576:
573:
564:
561:
560:
559:10th century
558:
555:
550:
547:
546:
544:
541:
536:
533:
530:
527:
524:
521:
520:
518:
515:
514:
512:
511:
506:
505:
503:
500:
497:
494:
493:
491:
488:
483:
480:
479:
477:
474:
473:
471:
468:
467:
460:
457:
449:
446:
443:
440:
430:
424:
423:
421:
418:
408:
405:
404:
402:
399:
396:
393:
392:
388:
387:
381:
374:
371:
370:
366:
365:
359:
358:
354:
353:
347:
346:
338:
337:
331:
330:
326:
321:
320:
313:
309:
305:
303:
289:
277:
273:
271:
267:
260:
257:
256:
251:
248:
247:Unicode range
243:
239:
236:Unicode alias
233:
230:
226:
216:
214:
210:
205:
199:
196:
194:
191:
189:
186:
184:
181:
179:
176:
175:
173:
167:
163:
159:
154:
151:Child systems
148:
133:
132:
131:
128:
127:
126:
123:
122:
121:
118:
117:
116:
113:
112:
111:
107:
101:
96:
93:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
72:
66: 700 BC
60:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
33:
27:
22:
7700:Latin script
7175:Thai and Lao
6852:Scandinavian
6484:1829 braille
6476:Braille cell
6276:Cypro-Minoan
6142:Pahawh Hmong
6055:Sitelen Pona
6019:Hindu-Arabic
5352:Mundari Bani
4926:Pahawh Hmong
4735:Tamil-Brahmi
4641:Eveyla Akuru
4636:Dhives Akuru
4103:Paleo-Hebrew
3970:
3906:undeciphered
3816:Palaeography
3271:Romanization
3250:Latin script
3207:
3203:
3182:Online books
3172:
3153:
3130:
3127:(Appendix C)
3126:
3113:
3104:
3095:
3074:
3056:
3026:
3019:
3007:. Retrieved
3002:
2992:
2980:. Retrieved
2976:
2967:
2948:
2942:
2929:
2885:Palaeography
2835:
2830:
2809:proper nouns
2801:Latin script
2798:
2759:
2680:
2656:are missing.
2637:
2585:
2546:
2542:word divider
2535:
2505:was written
2475:
2430:
2379:
2361:
2216:
2210:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
1820:
1726:
1664:
1299:used by the
1291:used by the
1282:
1262:
1233:Austronesian
1217:Latin script
1154:
1106:Latin script
1101:
1099:
1070:Latin script
1033:
1029:
1027:
850:Neo-Tifinagh
846:4th century
840:10th c. BCE
719:19th century
704:
651:6th century
623:4th century
590:
545:7th century
529:Dhives Akuru
519:4th century
508:
478:10th c. BCE
476:Paleo-Hebrew
472:12th c. BCE
422:12th c. BCE
391:19th c. BCE
384:
362:
357:32nd c. BCE
350:
334:
299:
282:and ⟨
264:
252:
82:Roman Empire
21:Latin script
7674:RoboBraille
7498:Róża Czacka
7438:Perforation
7235:Independent
7133:(Bhutanese)
6868:Greenlandic
6539:Azerbaijani
6341:Jindai moji
6230:Syllabaries
6201:SignWriting
6101:Celtiberian
6003:Hieroglyphs
5806:Seal script
5791:Traditional
5663:Blissymbols
5568:Warang Citi
5543:Tolong Siki
5496:Marcomannic
5476:Dalecarlian
5466:Anglo-Saxon
5446:Pau Cin Hau
5337:Medefaidrin
5290:Merovingian
5250:Blackletter
5158:Asomtavruli
4951:Warang Citi
4760:Ulu scripts
4705:New Tai Lue
4648:Mon–Burmese
4502:Bhattiprolu
4330:Nandinagari
4157:ʾEsṭrangēlā
3916:constructed
3757:ISO/IEC 646
3683:Pentagraphs
3665:Tetragraphs
3550:Multigraphs
3088:Rix, Helmut
3071:Transl. of
2855:Calligraphy
2817:Old English
2711:Renaissance
2683:Middle Ages
2676: 1553
2611:Merovingian
2485:long vowels
2431:The letter
2422:continuants
2374:Herculaneum
2366:interpuncts
1207:. With the
1181:Middle Ages
1128:alphabets.
888:Calligraphy
777:3rd century
771:3rd century
757:4th century
751:2nd century
707:7th c. BCE
701:8th c. BCE
695:8th c. BCE
687:2nd century
645:2nd c. BCE
639:2nd c. BCE
617:2nd c. BCE
603:4th century
597:3rd c. BCE
577:3rd c. BCE
531:6th century
525:4th century
504:3rd c. BCE
492:8th c. BCE
454: 1601
403:9th c. BCE
397:15th c. BCE
369:7th c. BCE
57:Time period
44:Script type
7705:Typography
7694:Categories
7226:(obsolete)
7207:(obsolete)
6999:(Pakistan)
6910:Belarusian
6792:Vietnamese
6735:Portuguese
6721:Philippine
6678:Lithuanian
6331:Hentaigana
6326:Man'yōgana
5786:Simplified
5673:Ersu Shaba
5587:Non-linear
5392:Old Uyghur
5382:Old Permic
5377:Old Italic
5310:Visigothic
5245:Beneventan
5180:Glagolitic
5143:Gadabuursi
4807:Kolezhuthu
4802:Vatteluttu
4740:Tanchangya
4663:Saurashtra
4240:Devanagari
4098:Phoenician
4051:Manichaean
3811:Diacritics
2982:17 October
2977:Britannica
2921:References
2905:Typography
2794:lower case
2755:allographs
2751:consonants
2619:Benevantan
2615:Visigothic
2538:interpunct
2531:Roman Gaul
2495:á é ꟾ ó v́
2477:Diacritics
2370:Augustales
1821:After the
1229:Australian
1138:lower-case
1066:diacritics
998:Vietnamese
862:7th c. BCE
828:Old Permic
823: 940
811:Glagolitic
806: 430
793: 420
765:5th c. BCE
668:Old Uyghur
661: 650
649:Old Turkic
611:2nd c. BCE
557:Devanagari
498:3rd c. BCE
484:6th c. BCE
470:Phoenician
420:Phoenician
375:3rd c. BCE
7642:Vibratese
7621:Moon type
7614:Decapoint
7295:Eight-dot
7248:Cantonese
7197:Reordered
7160:Inuktitut
7049:Malayalam
6959:Ukrainian
6938:Mongolian
6917:Bulgarian
6880:Norwegian
6845:Icelandic
6636:Hungarian
6594:Esperanto
6546:Cantonese
6130:Redundant
5942:Anatolian
5893:Cuneiform
5821:bird-worm
5757:Logograms
5728:Testerian
5642:Ideograms
5619:Moon type
5506:Staveless
5397:Mongolian
5342:Molodtsov
5300:Sütterlin
5168:Mkhedruli
5034:Bassa Vah
4984:Alphabets
4956:Mwangwego
4921:Mwangwego
4896:Kharosthi
4849:Blackfoot
4812:Malayanma
4683:Sundanese
4678:Sukhothai
4626:Malayalam
4577:Khom Thai
4537:Goykanadi
4461:Tocharian
4414:ʼPhags-pa
4285:Khudabadi
4230:Bhaiksuki
4125:Samaritan
4056:Nabataean
3911:inventors
3750:Standards
3642:Trigraphs
3338:Letters (
3291:Alphabets
3281:Ligatures
3154:Tuğan Tel
3009:3 October
2669:Nuremberg
2591:minuscule
2581:shorthand
2565:majuscule
2552:majuscule
2529:found in
2515:epigraphy
1591:As Latin
1327:alphabet.
1325:Old Latin
1293:Etruscans
1245:linguists
1203:and some
1144:Evolution
1126:Norwegian
1100:The term
1096:Etymology
1017:Mongolian
905:By script
723:Blackfoot
673:Mongolian
615:Nabataean
609:Palmyrene
549:ʼPhags-pa
496:Kharosthi
482:Samaritan
213:ISO 15924
207:ISO 15924
156:Numerous
88:Languages
7278:Japanese
7139:Georgian
7131:Dzongkha
7117:Armenian
7035:Gujarati
6900:Cyrillic
6831:Estonian
6806:Yugoslav
6742:Romanian
6714:Nigerian
6629:Hawaiian
6615:Ghanaian
6532:Albanian
6393:Sumerian
6358:Linear B
6321:Katakana
6316:Hiragana
6266:Cherokee
6196:ASLwrite
6157:Bopomofo
6012:Numerals
5998:Hieratic
5957:Isthmian
5926:Sumerian
5906:Assyrian
5901:Akkadian
5558:Vithkuqi
5533:Tifinagh
5501:Medieval
5456:Pisidian
5451:Phrygian
5422:Vagindra
5367:Ol Chiki
5275:Interlac
5230:Kayah Li
5220:Jenticha
5175:Veso Bey
5163:Nuskhuri
5153:Georgian
5123:Formosan
5118:Etruscan
5113:Enochian
5069:Cyrillic
5054:Coelbren
5012:Armenian
4911:Meroitic
4901:Mandombe
4891:Jenticha
4755:Tigalari
4720:Tai Viet
4715:Tai Tham
4695:Tagbanwa
4547:Javanese
4497:Baybayin
4487:Balinese
4475:Southern
4370:Pracalit
4365:Pachumol
4340:Bhujimol
4300:Mahajani
4260:Gurmukhi
4250:Gujarati
4218:Northern
4198:Abugidas
4179:Ugaritic
4167:Maḏnḥāyā
4041:Tifinagh
4034:Solitreo
3972:Numerals
3885:Grapheme
3873:Overview
3559:Digraphs
2844:See also
2786:literati
2747:⟩
2743:⟨
2739:⟩
2735:⟨
2727:⟩
2723:⟨
2719:⟩
2715:⟨
2703:⟩
2699:⟨
2695:ligature
2691:⟩
2687:⟨
2523:⟩
2519:⟨
2511:⟩
2507:⟨
2497:⟩
2493:⟨
2446:i Graeca
2402:plosives
2211:ī Graeca
2090:ꟾ graeca
1839:Claudius
1728:Kalendae
1713:, while
1709:plosive
1687:plosives
1683:Etruscan
1339:Letters
1225:American
1197:Germanic
1112:. These
993:Japanese
972:Georgian
955:Cyrillic
880:a series
878:Part of
844:Tifinagh
817:Cyrillic
800:Georgian
781:Armenian
699:Etruscan
395:Ugaritic
373:Meroitic
352:Hieratic
280:/ /
276:Help:IPA
193:Georgian
188:Armenian
178:Cyrillic
49:Alphabet
7183:Tibetan
7124:Burmese
7110:Amharic
7093:(India)
7070:Sinhala
7063:Punjabi
7042:Kannada
6990:Persian
6945:Russian
6885:Swedish
6863:Finnish
6838:Faroese
6813:Zambian
6785:Turkish
6770:Spanish
6693:Maltese
6671:Latvian
6664:Italian
6643:Iñupiaq
6622:Guarani
6582:English
6553:Catalan
6470:⠃⠗⠁⠊⠇⠇⠑
6465:Braille
6348:Kikakui
6286:Eskayan
6271:Cypriot
6121:Dunging
5993:Demotic
5972:Tenevil
5916:Hittite
5911:Elamite
5864:Jurchen
5843:Sawndip
5838:Chữ Nôm
5738:Zapotec
5733:Yerkish
5708:Nsibidi
5693:Miꞌkmaw
5683:Isotype
5653:Adinkra
5594:Braille
5578:Zaghawa
5548:Vellara
5528:Sunuwar
5518:Sidetic
5513:Shavian
5441:Osmanya
5431:Ol Onal
5285:Kurrent
5270:Insular
5260:Fraktur
5235:Klingon
5225:Kaddare
5199:Archaic
5108:Elbasan
5096:Chinook
5086:Deseret
5074:Bosnian
5029:Avoiuli
5017:Avestan
5007:Ariyaka
4936:Tengwar
4834:Bharati
4795:Serawai
4785:Pasemah
4770:Lampung
4725:Lai Tay
4710:Tai Noi
4673:Sinhala
4653:Pallava
4621:Makasar
4609:Lontara
4584:Kulitan
4557:Kannada
4552:Kadamba
4542:Hanunoo
4532:Grantha
4527:Fakkham
4444:Tibetan
4429:Soyombo
4424:Siddhaṃ
4419:Sharada
4395:Litumol
4385:Tirhuta
4375:Ranjana
4360:Kvemmol
4320:Multani
4305:Marchen
4270:Kalinga
4210:Brahmic
4147:Sogdian
4086:Psalter
4066:Pahlavi
4046:Mandaic
4024:Cursive
4009:Elymaic
3980:Aramaic
3762:Unicode
3731:Colemak
3322:X-SAMPA
3261:History
2875:Latin-1
2697:of two
2640:(1541,
2579:were a
2441:upsilon
2398:Semitic
2341:ˈdzeːta
1858:Letter
1744:Letter
1279:Origins
1268:History
1163:of the
1086:Oceania
1082:America
1010:Western
983:Chinese
979:-based
960:Serbian
948:Tibetan
938:Brahmic
931:Persian
926:Turkish
921:Islamic
735:Saanich
711:Deseret
685:Mandaic
643:Sogdian
601:Avestan
592:Pahlavi
543:Tibetan
517:Pallava
510:Brahmic
490:Aramaic
364:Demotic
268:in the
229:Unicode
7603:Other
7476:People
7466:Braigo
7285:Korean
7153:Hebrew
7084:Telugu
6983:Arabic
6973:Arabic
6931:Kyrgyz
6924:Kazakh
6858:Danish
6756:Slovak
6749:Samoan
6728:Polish
6707:Navajo
6608:German
6601:French
6468:
6413:Yugtun
6403:Woleai
6353:Kpelle
6336:Sōgana
6256:Byblos
6034:Muisca
5952:Cretan
5921:Luwian
5879:Tangut
5698:Mixtec
5668:Dongba
5573:Yezidi
5563:Wancho
5538:Todhri
5491:Gothic
5471:Cipher
5412:Manchu
5402:Evenki
5387:Orkhon
5332:Manchu
5327:Lydian
5322:Lycian
5265:Gaelic
5215:Hanifi
5210:Hangul
5185:Gothic
5133:Fraser
5128:Fox II
5064:Coptic
5039:Carian
5022:Pazend
4995:Linear
4941:Thaana
4886:Sarati
4827:Others
4790:Rejang
4775:Lembak
4765:Incung
4745:Telugu
4700:Tai Le
4594:Langdi
4517:Chakma
4407:Karani
4380:Tamyig
4355:Kummol
4350:Himmol
4345:Golmol
4325:Nagari
4310:Meitei
4295:Lepcha
4280:Khojki
4265:Kaithi
4152:Syriac
4140:Musnad
4019:Ashuri
4014:Hebrew
3997:Elifba
3992:Arabic
3985:Hatran
3960:Abjads
3726:Dvorak
3721:AZERTY
3716:QWERTZ
3711:QWERTY
3266:Spread
3170:about
3141:
3063:
3034:
2955:
2895:Pinyin
2838:German
2733:, and
2731:vowels
2605:, and
2561:Uncial
2489:taller
2354:apices
1707:voiced
1285:Romans
1221:Europe
1215:, the
1201:Baltic
1193:Celtic
1175:. The
1130:Letter
1122:Danish
1078:Africa
1074:Europe
1052:, and
988:Korean
943:Indian
916:Arabic
911:Arabic
775:Gothic
769:Coptic
763:Lycian
729:Fraser
637:Syriac
621:Arabic
575:Hebrew
502:Brahmi
448:Thaana
442:Hangul
284:
183:Coptic
7319:(GS8)
7310:Kanji
7168:Khmer
7146:Greek
7077:Tamil
7010:i.e.
6971:i.e.
6952:Tatar
6898:i.e.
6799:Welsh
6700:Māori
6657:Irish
6575:Dutch
6568:Czech
6378:Nüshu
6246:Bamum
6241:Afaka
6048:Other
6039:Roman
6024:Abjad
5947:Bagam
5848:Bowen
5833:Kanji
5828:Hanja
5816:small
5811:large
5718:Olmec
5688:Kaidā
5678:Emoji
5658:Aztec
5461:Runic
5436:Osage
5417:Oirat
5362:Ogham
5295:Sigla
5240:Latin
5195:Greek
5079:Early
5049:Cirth
5002:Adlam
4871:Geʽez
4866:Fox I
4730:Tamil
4589:Lanna
4572:Khmer
4562:Karen
4512:Buhid
4492:Batak
4449:Uchen
4439:Takri
4390:Limbu
4290:Laṇḍā
4275:Khema
4255:Gupta
4245:Dogri
4162:Serṭā
4135:Zabur
4120:Punic
4093:Pegon
4029:Rashi
3943:Types
3894:Lists
3858:Types
3781:Lists
3689:tzsch
2667:from
2665:Jeton
2642:Mainz
2453:from
2437:/hyː/
1835:Greek
1671:gamma
1301:Cumae
1189:Latin
1056:from
1048:from
1005:Latin
977:Hanzi
755:Ogham
749:Runic
741:Osage
705:Latin
693:Greek
535:Khmer
459:Adlam
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407:Geʽez
341:32nd
272:(IPA)
240:Latin
221:(215)
198:Runic
162:Osage
134:Latin
92:Latin
29:Latin
7091:Urdu
7056:Odia
6997:Urdu
6373:Loma
6368:Lisu
6311:Kana
6301:Iban
6291:Geba
6251:Bété
6206:si5s
6116:Khom
6089:Full
5962:Maya
5357:N'Ko
4916:Miao
4861:Dham
4780:Ogan
4750:Thai
4668:Shan
4604:Leke
4567:Kawi
4522:Cham
4507:Buda
4482:Ahom
4402:Odia
4315:Modi
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3702:list
3673:ough
3340:list
3295:list
3139:ISBN
3061:ISBN
3032:ISBN
3011:2013
2984:2023
2953:ISBN
2741:and
2721:and
2652:and
2617:and
2563:, a
2481:apex
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2412:and
2406:/eː/
2352:The
2217:zēta
2095:zéta
1829:and
1697:, a
1677:and
1319:The
1239:and
1211:and
1124:and
1084:and
1028:The
965:Vyaz
852:1970
830:1372
783:405
743:2006
737:1978
731:1915
725:1888
713:1854
675:1204
629:1949
627:N'Ko
583:2007
565:1840
551:1269
523:Cham
461:1989
444:1443
427:see
345:BCE
253:See
218:Latn
80:and
6650:IPA
6398:Vai
6306:Idu
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5347:Mru
5317:Luo
5280:IPA
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3129:".
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2729:as
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1675:/ɡ/
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1420:𐌚
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