27:
131:
309:"The IMARO activists saw the future autonomous Macedonia as a multinational polity, and did not pursue the self-determination of Macedonian Slavs as a separate ethnicity. Therefore, Macedonian was an umbrella term covering Bulgarians, Turks, Greeks, Vlachs, Albanians, Serbs, Jews, and so on." Historical Dictionary of Macedonia, Historical Dictionaries of Europe, Dimitar Bechev, Scarecrow Press, 2009,
326:
The political and military leaders of the Slavs of
Macedonia at the turn of the century seem not to have heard the call for a separate Macedonian national identity; they continued to identify themselves in a national sense as Bulgarians rather than Macedonians. (They) never seem to have doubted “the
157:
as armed groups of pro-Bulgarian, as well as pro-Serbian, pro-Greek, Aromanian and
Albanian formations fought against each other as well as the Ottoman troops, trying to impose their nationality on the territory's inhabitants, and increasingly harsh Ottoman crackdowns indicated that reform and
327:
predominantly
Bulgarian character of the population of Macedonia". "The Macedonian conflict: ethnic nationalism in a transnational world", Princeton University Press, Danforth, Loring M. 1997,
382:
The establishment of the Balkan national states, 1804-1920, Volume 8 from A History of East
Central Europe, Barbara Jelavich, University of Washington Press, 1986, p. 135.
158:
reconciliation of the
Ottoman state with the various nationalist groups was growing less likely. The cheta was usually led by a leader, called
30:
497:
234:
274:
The war correspondence of Leon
Trotsky: The Balkan Wars 1912-13, Author Leon Trotsky, Publisher Resistance Books, 1980, p. 227.
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439:
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Handan Nezir-Akmese: The Birth of Modern Turkey. The
Ottoman Military and the March to WWI, I.B.Tauris, 2005,
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Akçam, Taner (2008). "Guenter Lewy's The
Armenian Massacres in Ottoman Turkey".
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Genocide in the
Ottoman Empire: Armenians, Assyrians, and Greeks, 1913-1923
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Empire, armed rebellions became a chronic feature during the
145:. In the background are Greek refugees and burning buildings.
111:, were irregular armed bands present throughout 19th century
361:"Vulturii Pindului – 13. Luptele fârșeroților cu antarții"
195:. The term was also used as a synonym for members of the
31:
Internal
Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization
479:
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176:. They were notorious for their assaults on
137:parading with loot in Phocaea (modern-day
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404:The Armenian Genocide: A Complete History
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16:Armed Anti-Ottoman band in Ottoman Empire
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123:. The members of the chetas were called
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371:from the original on 13 September 2021.
235:Supreme Macedonian-Adrianople Committee
480:
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210:Albanian revolutionary organizations
13:
14:
514:
457:Genocide Studies and Prevention
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350:. I.B. Tauris: 28 January 2011.
347:The Albanians: A Modern History
498:Rebels from the Ottoman Empire
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267:
1:
428:Shirinian, George N. (2017).
261:
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401:Kevorkian, Raymond (2011).
202:
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519:
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344:Vickers, Miranda (2011).
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19:Not to be confused with
488:Guerrilla organizations
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493:History of the Balkans
193:late Ottoman genocides
168:chetas were active in
155:struggle for Macedonia
146:
90:
82:
50:
38:
133:
29:
197:Special Organization
503:Macedonian Struggle
469:10.3138/gsp.3.1.111
240:Macedonian Struggle
230:Serbian nationalism
434:. Berghahn Books.
178:Christian Orthodox
147:
39:
441:978-1-78533-433-7
414:978-0-85773-020-6
245:Guerrilla warfare
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191:during the
174:World War I
482:Categories
333:0691043566
315:0810862956
298:1850437971
262:References
170:Asia Minor
365:Armatolii
189:Assyrians
181:Armenians
63:Bulgarian
55:Aromanian
33:cheta in
369:Archived
335:, p. 64.
300:, p. 52.
220:Chetniks
203:See also
125:chetniks
119:and the
117:Anatolia
79:Romanian
47:Albanian
21:Chetniks
225:Kachaks
160:voivoda
149:In the
121:Balkans
95:Serbian
87:Turkish
35:Osogovo
438:
411:
388:
331:
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296:
280:
215:Hajduk
187:, and
185:Greeks
172:after
166:Muslim
109:chetas
75:τσέτης
135:Çetes
83:ceată
71:Greek
59:ceatã
43:cheta
436:ISBN
409:ISBN
386:ISBN
329:ISBN
311:ISBN
294:ISBN
278:ISBN
139:Foça
104:četa
99:чета
91:çete
67:чета
51:çeta
465:doi
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41:A
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