658:, was one of the foremost case grammar theoreticians following Fillmore's original work. Cook devoted most of his scholarly research from the early 1970s until the 1990s to further developing case grammar as a tool for linguistic analysis, language teaching methodology, and other applications, and was the author of several major texts and many articles in case grammar. Cook directed several doctoral dissertations (see e.g., Moskey 1978) applying case grammar to various areas of theoretical and applied linguistics research.
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615:, are determined by the deep, semantic valence of the verb, which finds its syntactic correlate in such grammatical categories as Subject and Object, and in grammatical cases such as Nominative and Accusative. Fillmore (1968) puts forwards the following hierarchy for a universal subject selection rule:
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of verbs, adjectives and nouns. Case frames are subject to certain constraints, such as that a deep case can occur only once per sentence. Some of the cases are obligatory and others are optional. Obligatory cases may not be deleted, at the risk of producing ungrammatical sentences. For example,
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That means that if the case frame of a verb contains an agent, this one is realized as the subject of an active sentence; otherwise, the deep case following the agent in the hierarchy (i.e. Instrumental) is promoted to subject.
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The influence of case grammar on contemporary linguistics has been significant, to the extent that numerous linguistic theories incorporate deep roles in one or other form, such as the so-called
584:. For instance, the verb "give" in English requires an Agent (A) and Object (O), and a Beneficiary (B); e.g. "Jones (A) gave money (O) to the school (B).
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During the 1970s and the 1980s, Charles
Fillmore extended his original theory onto what was called
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and the grammatical context it requires. The system was created by the
American linguist
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According to
Fillmore, each verb selects a certain number of deep cases which form its
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Semantic
Structures and Relations in Dutch: An Introduction to Case Grammar
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Fillmore, Charles J. (1968) "The Case for Case". In Bach and Harms (Ed.):
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may be too technical for most readers to understand
654:. Walter A. Cook, SJ, a linguistics professor at
603:A fundamental hypothesis of case grammar is that
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715:. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.
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635:. It has also inspired the development of
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68:Learn how and when to remove this message
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619:Agent < Instrumental < Objective
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427:Conservative and innovative language
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600:is ungrammatical in this sense.
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706:Universals in Linguistic Theory
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633:Government and Binding theory
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233:Ethnography of communication
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487:Second-language acquisition
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711:Moskey, Stephen T. (1978)
165:Syntaxāsemantics interface
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477:Philosophy of linguistics
377:Interactional linguistics
570:Transformational Grammar
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314:Theoretical frameworks
268:Philosophy of language
248:History of linguistics
656:Georgetown University
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605:grammatical functions
208:Conversation analysis
598:Mary gave the apples
452:Internet linguistics
362:Construction grammar
698:Case Grammar Theory
566:Charles J. Fillmore
554:linguistic analysis
387:Systemic functional
182:Applied linguistics
124:General linguistics
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568:in the context of
492:Theory of language
462:Origin of language
417:Autonomy of syntax
372:Grammaticalization
218:Discourse analysis
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335:Distributionalism
278:Psycholinguistics
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422:Compositionality
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432:Descriptivism
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228:Documentation
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550:Case grammar
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345:Glossematics
325:Constituency
297:interpreting
135:Lexicography
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39:
497:Terminology
472:Orthography
392:Usage-based
293:Translating
188:Acquisition
93:Linguistics
58:August 2008
689:References
684:'s grammar
673:Theta role
647:research.
607:, such as
589:case frame
574:deep cases
467:Orismology
352:Functional
340:Generative
330:Dependency
150:Pragmatics
140:Morphology
130:Diachronic
19:See also:
442:Iconicity
437:Etymology
357:Cognitive
320:Formalist
273:Phonetics
263:Philology
155:Semantics
145:Phonology
724:Category
662:See also
243:Forensic
223:Distance
170:Typology
85:a series
83:Part of
730:Grammar
639:-based
609:subject
593:valency
558:valence
198:Applied
108:History
103:Outline
44:Please
682:PÄį¹ini
678:KÄraka
613:object
576:(i.e.
513:Portal
411:Topics
160:Syntax
637:frame
113:Index
582:verb
562:verb
295:and
288:Text
643:in
631:in
611:or
48:to
726::
645:AI
87:on
538:e
531:t
524:v
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65:(
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56:(
42:.
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