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more context for those teaching the language and can add information they were not aware of. Documentation can be useful for understanding culture and heritage, as well as learning the language. Important components when teaching a language includes: Listening, reading, speaking, writing, and cultural components. Documentation gives resources to further the skills for learning a language. For example, the Kaurna language was revitalized through written resources. These written documents served as the only resource and were used to re-introduce the language and one way was through teaching, which also included the making of a teaching guide for the Kaurna language. Language documentation and teaching have a relationship because if there are no fluent speakers of a language, documentation can be used as a teaching resource.
91:, which aims to describe a language's abstract system of structures and rules in the form of a grammar or dictionary. By practising good documentation in the form of recordings with transcripts and then collections of texts and a dictionary, a linguist works better and can provide materials for use by speakers of the language. New technologies permit better recordings with better descriptions which can be housed in digital archives such as
84:" made up for that language), annotation and analysis, translation into a language of wider communication, archiving and dissemination. Critical is the creation of good records in the course of doing language description. The materials can be archived, but not all archives are equally adept at handling language materials preserved in varying technological formats, and not all are equally accessible to potential users.
142:
projects. There are descriptive records of local languages that could be put to use in language revitalization projects that are overlooked due to obsolete formatting, incomplete hard-copy records, or systematic inaccessibility. Local archives in particular, which may have vital records of the area's
42:. This record can be public or private depending on the needs of the community and the purpose of the documentation. In practice, language documentation can range from solo linguistic anthropological fieldwork to the creation of vast online archives that contain dozens of different languages, such as
155:
Language documentation can be beneficial to individuals who would like to teach or learn an endangered language. If a language has limited documentation this also limits how it can be used in a language revitalization context. Teaching with documentation and linguist's field notes can provide
147:, are chronically underfunded and understaffed. Historic records relating to language that have been collected by non-linguists such as missionaries can be overlooked if the collection is not digitized. Physical archives are naturally more vulnerable to damage and information loss.
57:
of materials in the language. The materials in question can range from vocabulary lists and grammar rules to children's books and translated works. These materials can then support claims about the structure of the language and its usage. This should be seen as a basic
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Sapién, Racquel-María; Hirata-Edds, Tracy (2019-07-12). "Using existing documentation for teaching and learning endangered languages".
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205:, the study of languages whose historical relations are recognizable through similarities in vocabulary, word formation, and syntax
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71:
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Language documentation has also given birth to new specialized publications, such as the free online and peer-reviewed journal
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38:. Language documentation seeks to create as thorough a record as possible of the speech community for both posterity and
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103:. These resources can then be made available to the speakers. The first example of a grammar with a media corpus is
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Bird, Steven; Simons, Gary (2003). "Seven
Dimensions of Portability for Language Documentation and Description".
77:
325:
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Conway, Paul (2010). "Preservation in the Age of Google: Digitization, Digital
Preservation, and Dilemmas".
670:
Miller, Larisa K. (2013). "All Text
Considered: A Perspective on Mass Digitizing and Archival Processing".
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Language description, as a task within linguistics, may be divided into separate areas of specialization:
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34:. It aims to provide a comprehensive record of the linguistic practices characteristic of a given
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Language documentation provides a firmer foundation for linguistic analysis in that it creates a
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Chang, Debbie. 2011. TAPS: Checklist for
Responsible Archiving of Digital Language Resources
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Cushman, Ellen (2013). "Wampum, Sequoyan, and Story: Decolonizing the
Digital Archive".
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Typical steps involve recording, maintaining metadata, transcribing (often using the
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task for linguistics, identifying the range of languages and their characteristics.
860:(2008), documentary film about two linguists traveling the world to rescue languages
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593:. Oceanic Linguistics Special Publication. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press.
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Boerger, Brenda H.; Moeller, Sarah Ruth; Reiman, Will; Self, Stephen (2018).
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Phoenix or Relic? Documentation of
Languages with Revitalization in Mind
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Gippert, Jost; Himmelmann, Nikolaus P.; Mosel, Ulrike, eds. (2006).
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of archives is a critical component of language documentation and
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KULA: Knowledge
Creation, Dissemination, and Preservation Studies
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189:, the study of how words combine to form grammatical sentences
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199:), and how these combine to form the meanings of sentences
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A Grammar of South Efate: An
Oceanic Language of Vanuatu
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253:, the study of describing the sound system of a language
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574:. MA thesis: Graduate Institute of Applied Linguistics.
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Western
Institute for Endangered Language Documentation
866:, practical vocal recording tips for non-professionals
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First
Peoples' Heritage, Language and Culture Council
211:, the study of how language is used by its speakers
852:, about linguistic fieldwork in northern Vanuatu.
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876:University of Hawai'i Department of Linguistics
259:, the study of how words acquire their meanings
247:, the study and practice of making dictionaries
398:. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. pp. x, 424.
183:, the study of the internal structure of words
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30:which aims to describe the grammar and use of
840:, about what is lost when languages are lost.
177:, the study of the sound system of a language
713:Bickel, Rachel; Dupont, Sarah (2018-11-29).
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886:DOBES Documentation of Endangered Languages
427:. Vol. 1. London: SOAS. pp. 35–51
171:, the study of the sounds of human language
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870:Resource Network for Linguistic Diversity
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544:Language and culture documentation manual
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348:"Documentary and descriptive linguistics"
310:Resource Network for Linguistic Diversity
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117:Language Documentation & Conservation
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223:, the collection of proverbs and sayings
123:Language Documentation & Description
72:Language documentation tools and methods
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425:Language documentation and description
848:(2009), award-winning documentary by
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396:Essentials of language documentation
864:Recording your elder/Native speaker
684:10.17723/aarc.76.2.6q005254035w2076
87:Language documentation complements
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421:"Defining documentary linguistics"
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217:, the study of style in languages
346:Himmelmann, Nikolaus P. (1998).
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809:. University of Hawai'i Press.
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78:International Phonetic Alphabet
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241:, the study of writing systems
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773:10.1080/09500782.2019.1622711
423:. In Austin, Peter K. (ed.).
419:Woodbury, Anthony C. (2003).
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326:World Oral Literature Project
328:, Voices of Vanishing Worlds
120:and the SOAS working papers
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263:Anthropological linguistics
151:Teaching with documentation
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881:Lakota Language Consortium
367:10.1515/ling.1998.36.1.161
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805:Amery, Rob (2009-12-13).
130:Digital language archives
294:The Language Conservancy
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40:language revitalization
24:documentary linguistics
16:Subfield of linguistics
901:Language documentation
761:Language and Education
672:The American Archivist
234:Linguistic description
228:Related research areas
203:Historical linguistics
20:Language documentation
619:The Library Quarterly
469:10.1353/lan.2003.0149
145:indigenous languages
89:language description
80:and/or a "practical
289:Pangloss Collection
26:) is a subfield of
570:2013-06-17 at the
845:The Poet’s Salary
836:(2009), by Prof.
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315:SIL International
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587:(2006).
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