685:, which may be the crowning of a long and complex preparation, sometimes in retreat. After a period of some years, during which they often perform certain common activities, alone or under senior guidance, members may be initiated either collectively or individually into a more senior age grade. This progression is often accompanied by the revelation of secret knowledge. In most cultures, age grade systems, as with age sets, are the preserve of men, and it is the older men who control a society's secret knowledge, collectively or restricted to a council of elders and/or specific positions such as shaman entrusted with the preparation of initiants.
705:
by providing periods of training and skill development in each grade and by casting all those YUBA (who had finished the full cycle consisting of five-grades) in the role of teachers and advisors. The system operated as a judicial institution by assigning a Chief
Justice, jurors at the national level and making all LUBA wherever they were into arbitrators and councilors ready to defend the national law.
704:
System. Gadaa through history came to organize social life around the series of five generation grades which assign obligations as well as rights to members of the society. Through Gadaa, many socio-political functions were carried out. For example, the system operated as an educational institution
670:
The number of age classes, the determining ages and the terminology vary significantly between traditions. Even within a single society, a person may belong to several overlapping grades in different spheres of life, e.g. per year a different school class and yet for several years on end a child,
708:
Many male age grade systems are associated with patrilineal kinship systems. Male age grade systems associated with matrilineal kinship systems are found among the
Austronesian populations of Taiwan.
582:
268:
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based on age, within a series of such categories, through which individuals pass over the course of their lives.
613:
411:
250:
121:
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Closely related age-grade systems are common among East
African Cushitic communities. Particularly, the
667:, to which individuals remain permanently attached as the set itself becomes progressively more senior.
17:
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entry into an age grade – generally gender-separated – is often marked by an
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Age Class
Systems: Social Institutions and Polities Based on Age
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16:
For the method of comparing athletic performances by age, see
794:
Marriage and
Mandatory Abortion among the 17th-century Siraya
701:
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675:
160:
78:
700:, have a well-developed age-grade system known as the
805:
621:
628:
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556:Network Analysis and Ethnographic Problems
18:Masters athletics § Age-graded tables
791:
776:
796:. American Anthropological Association.
576:Political and Legal Anthropology Review
806:
671:then an adolescent, finally an adult.
232:Societies without hierarchical leaders
819:Anthropological categories of peoples
692:, a trans-national nation living in
13:
14:
830:
550:Political economy in anthropology
785:
770:
745:
412:Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges
1:
781:. Cambridge University Press.
738:
583:Journal of Legal Anthropology
251:The Art of Not Being Governed
7:
711:
10:
835:
663:This is in contrast to an
589:Journal of Law and Society
309:Colonialism and resistance
15:
753:"Understand Gadaa System"
263:Non-western state systems
239:African Political Systems
792:Shepherd, J.R. (1995).
288:and the State in Africa
530:Circumscription theory
317:Europe and the People
286:Technology, Tradition,
777:Bernardi, B. (1985).
604:cultural anthropology
392:E. E. Evans-Pritchard
245:Papuan Big man system
397:Wolfgang Fikentscher
372:Henri J. M. Claessen
127:Pantribal sodalities
718:Cohort (statistics)
658:social organization
540:Left–right paradigm
728:Age stratification
535:Legal anthropology
437:Thomas Blom Hansen
367:Robert L. Carneiro
156:Segmentary lineage
93:Leveling mechanism
43:legal anthropology
638:
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362:Jeremy Boissevain
347:Georges Balandier
342:E. Adamson Hoebel
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755:. Archived from
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524:Related articles
507:Douglas R. White
497:Jonathan Spencer
477:Marshall Sahlins
467:Sally Falk Moore
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545:State formation
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502:Bjorn Thomassen
457:Elizabeth Mertz
442:Ted C. Lewellen
387:Pierre Clastres
337:
336:Major theorists
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319:Without History
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137:Paramount chief
69:Achieved status
64:Ascribed status
56:Status and rank
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51:Basic concepts
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759:on 2006-10-22
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761:. Retrieved
757:the original
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669:
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653:
649:
646:anthropology
639:
588:
581:
574:
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462:Sidney Mintz
452:Ralph Linton
447:Edmund Leach
407:Morton Fried
402:Meyer Fortes
352:F. G. Bailey
284:
249:
237:
222:Case studies
181:Ethnic group
151:Band society
83:
26:
432:Ulf Hannerz
427:Lesley Gill
808:Categories
763:2006-10-12
739:References
324:Cargo cult
227:Acephelous
117:Matriarchy
112:Patriarchy
99:Leadership
679:societies
654:age class
650:age grade
642:sociology
512:Eric Wolf
84:Age grade
38:Political
712:See also
694:Ethiopia
569:Journals
166:Chiefdom
143:Polities
29:a series
27:Part of
665:age set
274:Mandala
107:Big man
88:Age set
733:Ageism
676:tribal
600:Social
269:Negara
702:Gadaa
698:Kenya
690:Oromo
648:, an
258:State
161:Tribe
132:Chief
122:Elder
79:Caste
696:and
644:and
602:and
303:Kapu
674:In
652:or
640:In
40:and
810::
31:on
766:.
629:e
622:t
615:v
86:/
20:.
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