72:. In the absence of viable male alternatives or even in the presence of them, grandmothers in these areas tend to serve as both the de facto heads of their groups of descendants and the catalysts of their periodic reunions and meetings. By doing so they provide their families with a cohesion that would probably be absent if they weren't present. Another example is that of the vocational mentor who guides his or her apprentices with tools of sponsorship, advocacy and the demonstration of skills. He or she serves to facilitate creativity in his or her charges by teaching the methods of the past as they pertain to their various occupations.
56:
investiture of some kind, and other times it does not. Sometimes it involves a definite chronological milestone which must be surpassed, while at other times the required age is simply relative to the ages of all of the other members of the group in question. Once having met the peculiar requirements of their individual groups, however, all elders are generally expected to mentor, share their experience, create a sense of oneness for their followings and, most especially, act as the spiritual embodiments of their communities.
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being the condition or quality of being an elder. It is essentially the state of being in the latter portion of one's life and being looked to for leadership of either a passive or active nature by your peers and\or subordinates due almost exclusively to this fact. Sometimes it involves a ceremonial
104:
There are long established conceptualisations of elders on the
Internet. In such online communities elders are typically thought of as established members who are outbound, often due to unwanted changes they can't prevent.
162:
are widely respected men and women of authority who have a deep knowledge of traditional lore. They are consulted on any important aspect of
Aboriginal life.
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of ancient Europe. Due to this, elderhood of this variety is generally considered to be something worthy of aspiring to in the communities where it exists.
80:
In more formal examples of elderhood, elders serve as the members of the governing and/or advisory bodies of higher personages such as
429:
Kim, A. (2000). Community building on the Web: Secret strategies for successful online communities. Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press.
330:(old), is a title for an official or unofficial position of leadership that has been used in various contexts through most of
31:. This usage is usually derived from the notion that the oldest members of any given group are the wisest, and are thus the
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27:, or its equivalent in another language, is used in several countries and organizations to indicate a position of
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origins is synonymous with what in other systems might be known as a city councilman. It derives from the term
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92:. This often gives them a prestige amongst their peoples that's comparable to that of the classical
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Raines, Robert. A Time to Live. Seven Steps in
Creative Aging. A Plume Book. New York. 1997.
451:
Dass, Ram. Still Here.Embracing Aging, Changing, and Dying .Riverhead Books.New York. 2001.
8:
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Jones, Terry. Elder: A spiritual alternative to being elderly. Elderhood
Institute. 2006.
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Jones, Terry. The Elder Within: Source of Mature
Masculinity. Elderhood Institute. 2001.
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Levinson, Daniel J. The
Seasons of a Man's Life. Ballantine Books. NY. 1978.
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Gutmann, David. Reclaimed Powers. Northwestern U. Press. Evanston, Ill.1994
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Leder, Drew. Spiritual
Passages. Jeremy P. Tarcher/Putnam. New York. 1997.
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Schachter-Shalomi, Zalman. Ageing to
Sageing. Warner Books. N.Y. 1995.
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316:. The word has specific cultural and religious connotations as well.
280:"old man", compare "senior"), and the senators were actually called
152:, signifying "an elder", has a restricted use in English ceremonial
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35:, provide counsel or serve the said group in some other capacity.
386:. The term is most often used to describe those who attended the
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An example of informal elderhood is the role of the matriarchal
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360:, meaning "State Elder". Today, county governors are called
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is the title of an elder of aristocratic rank amongst the
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was the
Spartan equivalent of a council. The term means
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form of government in some parts of
Igboland, Nigeria.
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of West Africa, though they usually translate it as
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182:, meaning "Chief of Chan". Chan was a term some
445:Crones Don't Whine. Conari Press. Boston. 2003.
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348:parish and county. From 1920ā1937, Estonian
210:society, particularly within the Somali
43:Elder is a role played in the organised
206:. Elders hold an important position in
148:, deriving from the Norman French noun
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156:, especially in the legal profession.
306:'s smallest administrative division.
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68:as it appears in many parts of the
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220:, where they serve as judges.
202:is the term for elder in the
186:used to refer to themselves.
160:Australian Aboriginal elders
109:Titles in different cultures
100:Elders in online communities
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394:
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374:in Anglo-Saxon and other
264:, the senators were men.
192:are the tribal elders in
382:although usually just a
47:that is most common in
488:Political anthropology
401:Big man (anthropology)
344:, ancient ruler of an
127:, meaning "elder man".
51:subsistence cultures,
33:most qualified to rule
18:Elder (disambiguation)
131:American Indian elder
154:orders of precedence
16:For other uses, see
443:Bolen, Jean Shinoda
312:means "old man" in
138:, "white beard" in
60:Informal elderhoods
364:and parish mayors
354:head of government
378:traditions was a
170:Council of Elders
90:council of elders
88:in the form of a
76:Formal elderhoods
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140:Turkic languages
117:in systems with
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437:Further reading
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406:Religious elder
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322:, derived from
290:, the ruler of
268:comes from the
204:Somali language
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388:Witenagemot
356:was called
119:Anglo-Saxon
66:grandmother
477:Categories
417:References
366:vallavanem
358:Riigivanem
334:(see also
300:Lithuanian
284:(fathers).
86:presidents
304:Lithuania
296:seniūnija
292:Eldership
256:: in the
235:chieftain
124:ealdorman
53:Elderhood
45:community
29:authority
23:The term
395:See also
380:wise man
376:Germanic
362:maavanem
346:Estonian
320:Starosta
288:Seniūnas
196:society.
190:KaumÄtua
176:Hor Chan
166:Gerousia
146:Auncient
115:Alderman
94:nobility
336:Starets
276:"old" (
266:Senator
254:Senator
243:Onyishi
178:, from
136:Aqsaqal
483:Titles
324:Slavic
314:Arabic
310:Sheikh
282:patres
258:Senate
208:Somali
150:ancien
49:tribal
384:noble
372:Witan
342:Vanem
328:stary
326:word
278:senex
272:root
270:Latin
246:is a
225:Oloye
194:MÄori
82:kings
25:Elder
352:and
274:sen-
262:Rome
217:Xeer
200:Oday
184:Maya
84:and
302:),
298:in
294:, (
260:of
214:or
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338:).
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20:.
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