5236:
one strong point to another. The
Japanese also went to great lengths to construct large underground chambers, some as much as five stories deep to serve as storage and hospital areas with thick walls and ceilings of reinforced concrete. A series of strong points covering the landing areas were also built, most covered with sand and carefully camouflaged. Well-camouflaged 120mm and 6-inch guns were emplaced so that their fire could be directed to the beaches. Smaller-caliber artillery, antiaircraft guns, and mortars were also hidden and located where only a direct hit could destroy them. The Japanese were determined to make the Americans pay a high price for Iwo Jima and were prepared to defend it to the death. Kuribayashi knew that he could not win the battle but hoped to inflict severe casualties so costly that it would slow the American advance on Japan and maybe give the Japanese bargaining power. In February, a total of 21,000 Japanese troops were deployed on Iwo Jima.
4734:
2873:
17805:
633:
3589:
17866:
6973:
3433:
6016:
6480:
6546:
120:
4917:, when Center Force fell upon a group of American escort carriers escorted only by destroyers and destroyer escorts. Both sides were surprised, but the outcome looked certain since the Japanese had four battleships, six heavy cruisers, and two light cruisers leading two destroyer squadrons. However, they conducted a largely indecisive gunnery duel before breaking off. Japanese losses were extremely heavy, with four carriers, three battleships, six heavy cruisers, four light cruisers and eleven destroyers sunk, while the Americans lost one light carrier and two escort carriers, two destroyers and two destroyer escorts. The Battle of Leyte Gulf was the largest naval battle of World War II and arguably the
4309:
590:
6945:
17769:
17853:
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4403:
organized and defended compared to Allied ones. The number of
American submarines patrols (and sinkings) rose steeply: 350 patrols (180 ships sunk) in 1942, 350 (335) in 1943, and 520 (603) in 1944. By 1945, sinkings of Japanese vessels had decreased because there were less ships available to target. In all, Allied submarines destroyed 1,200 merchant ships – about five million tons of shipping. At critical stages of the Guadalcanal, Saipan, and Leyte campaigns, thousands of Japanese troops were killed or diverted from where they were needed. Over 200 warships were sunk, including a battleship and no fewer than eight carriers.
71:
2642:
2142:
5202:
551:
5946:
6889:
468:
369:
3379:, Fiji, and Samoa. Because this required far fewer troops, on 13 March the Naval General Staff and the Army agreed to operations with the goal of capturing Fiji and Samoa. The Second Operational Phase began well when Lae and Salamaua, located in eastern New Guinea, were captured on 8 March. However, on 10 March, American carrier aircraft attacked the invasion forces and inflicted considerable losses. The raid had major operational implications because it forced the Japanese to stop their advance in the South Pacific, until the Combined Fleet provided the means to protect future operations.
17890:
17878:
6987:
4112:
3135:
606:
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2784:(GHQ) began planning for a war with the Western powers in April or May 1941. Japan increased its naval budget as well as putting large formations of the Army and its attached air force under navy command. While formerly the IJA consumed the majority of the state's military budget (with a 73/27 split in 1940), from 1942 to 1945 there would instead be a roughly 60/40 split in funds between the army and the navy. Japan's key initial objective was to seize economic resources in the Dutch East Indies and Malaya to escape the effects of the Allied embargo. This was known as the
111:
4441:
3756:
2800:
divided into three separate parts in which the major objectives of the
Philippines, British Malaya, Borneo, Burma, Rabaul and the Dutch East Indies would be occupied. The Second Operational Phase called for further expansion into the South Pacific by seizing eastern New Guinea, New Britain, Fiji, Samoa, and strategic points in the Australian area. In the Central Pacific, Midway was targeted as were the Aleutian Islands in the North Pacific. Seizure of these key areas would provide defensive depth and deny the Allies staging areas from which to mount a counteroffensive.
18036:
18024:
18012:
18000:
17988:
17976:
17964:
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17938:
17926:
17914:
516:
504:
416:
17793:
17781:
17721:
17902:
100:
3979:
4664:, the highest point on the island, was taken on 27 June. The Marines then steadily advanced northward. On the night of 6–7 July, a banzai attack took place in which three to four thousand Japanese made a fanatical charge that penetrated the lines near Tanapag before being wiped out. Following this attack, hundreds of locals committed mass suicide. On 9 July, organized resistance on Saipan ceased. The US Marines reached northernmost tip of Saipan, Marpi Point, twenty-four days after the landing. Only isolated groups of hidden Japanese troops remained.
5285:
541:
6917:
4999:
5438:
5544:, and others resulted in horrific casualties on both sides but finally produced a Japanese defeat. Of the 117,000 Okinawan and Japanese troops defending Okinawa, 94 percent died. Faced with the loss of most of their experienced pilots, the Japanese increased their use of kamikaze tactics in an attempt to create unacceptably high casualties for the Allies. The US Navy proposed to force a Japanese surrender through a total naval blockade and air raids. Many military historians believe that the Okinawa campaign led directly to the
2508:
6875:
4604:, attacked the major naval base of Truk. Although the Japanese had moved their major vessels out in time to avoid being caught at anchor in the atoll, two days of air attacks resulted in significant losses to Japanese aircraft and merchant shipping. The Japanese were forced to abandon Truk and were now unable to counter the Americans on any front on the perimeter. Consequently, the Japanese retained their remaining strength for what they hoped would be a decisive battle. The Japanese then developed a new plan, known as
456:
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4930:
3324:
17627:
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561:
580:
5303:
4489:, planned to withdraw into the Imphal plain and force the Japanese to fight with their communications stretching over scores of miles of jungle trails. However, they were slow to respond when the attack was launched and did not foresee some Japanese objectives. Some British and Indian units had to fight their way out of encirclement, but by early April they had concentrated around Imphal. Several units were flown from the Arakan to reinforce them. A Japanese division which had advanced to
570:
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480:
382:
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4626:
18213:
3612:
knock out Midway's air strength and soften it for a landing by 5,000 troops. After the quick capture of the island, the
Combined Fleet would lay the basis for the most important part of the operation. Yamamoto hoped that the attack would lure the Americans into a trap. Midway was to be bait for the USN which would depart Pearl Harbor to counterattack. When the Americans arrived, he would concentrate his scattered forces to defeat them. An important aspect of the scheme was
17757:
5093:
5227:, about halfway between the Marianas and Japan. American planners recognized the strategic importance of the island. The island was used by the Japanese as an early-warning station against impending air raids on Japanese cities. Japanese aircraft based on Iwo Jima were able to attack the B-29s on their bombing missions, and even to attack installations in the Marianas themselves. The capture of Iwo Jima would provide emergency landing airfields for B-29s and a base for
640:
7001:
626:
17829:
2577:
17841:
616:
17709:
4832:
2917:
2526:
2005:
3791:, a Japanese victory during which four Allied heavy cruisers were sunk, while no Japanese ships were lost. It was one of the worst Allied naval defeats of the war. The victory was mitigated only by the failure of the Japanese to attack the vulnerable transports. Had they done so, the first American counterattack in the Pacific could have been stopped. The Japanese originally perceived the American landings as nothing more than a reconnaissance.
14062:. Vol. 3, The Rising Sun in the Pacific. Boston: Little, Brown, 1961; Vol. 4, Coral Sea, Midway and Submarine Actions. 1949; Vol. 5, The Struggle for Guadalcanal. 1949; Vol. 6, Breaking the Bismarcks Barrier. 1950; Vol. 7, Aleutians, Gilberts, and Marshalls. 1951; Vol. 8, New Guinea and the Marianas. 1962; Vol. 12, Leyte. 1958; vol. 13, The Liberation of the Philippines: Luzon, Mindanao, the Visayas. 1959; Vol. 14, Victory in the Pacific. 1961.
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3206:
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4898:. Many other ships of Center Force were attacked, but continued on. Convinced that their attacks had made Center Force ineffective, the American carriers headed north to address the newly detected threat of the Japanese carriers of Ozawa's Northern Force. On the night of 24–25 October, the Southern Force under Nishimura attempted to enter Leyte Gulf from the south through Surigao Strait, where an American-Australian force led by Rear Admiral
80:
17745:
17733:
7015:
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5556:: "because the Japanese on Okinawa... were so fierce in their defense (even when cut off, and without supplies), and because casualties were so appalling, many American strategists looked for an alternative means to subdue mainland Japan, other than a direct invasion. This means presented itself, with the advent of atomic bombs, which worked admirably in convincing the Japanese to sue for peace , without American casualties."
6614:
91:
4651:, with a target date of 15 June. All forces for the Marianas operation—535 warships and auxiliaries together with a ground force of over 127,500 troops—were to be commanded by Admiral Raymond A. Spruance. For the Americans, the Marianas operation would provide the interruption of the Japanese air pipeline to the south; the development of advanced naval bases; the establishment of airfields to base
3632:
strike aircraft based on Midway had already departed, adding to the 116 carrier aircraft on their way to attack the
Japanese. The aircraft from Midway attacked, but failed to score a single hit. In the middle of these uncoordinated attacks, a Japanese scout aircraft reported the presence of an American task force, but it was not until later that the presence of an American carrier was confirmed. Vice Admiral
5607:
4913:, 500 miles (800 km) north of Leyte Gulf, the Americans launched over 500 aircraft sorties at the Northern Force, followed by a surface group of cruisers and destroyers. All four Japanese carriers were sunk, but the Japanese had succeeded in drawing the American carriers away from Leyte Gulf. On 25 October the final major surface action fought between the Japanese and the American fleets occurred off
5999:
killed in action and 37,000 became prisoners. 8,500 of these POWs would die in
Japanese captivity. Dutch naval losses in the Pacific numbered 2 cruisers, 7 destroyers, 5 submarines, 7 minelayers, and 7 minesweepers. About 30,000 Dutch and 300,000 Indonesian forced laborers died during the Japanese occupation of the East Indies, while 3 million Indonesian civilians perished in famines.
3015:
3909:
4247:. This experience drove the Allies to improve their techniques of amphibious landings, implementing changes such as thorough pre-emptive bombings and bombardment, more careful planning regarding tides and landing schedules, and better coordination. Operations on the Gilberts were followed in late-January and mid-February 1944 by further, less costly, landings on the Marshall Islands.
5259:, where most of the island's defenses were concentrated. As soon as the Marines pushed inland they came under devastating machine gun and artillery fire. By the end of the day, the Marines reached the west coast, but their losses were severe: almost 2,000 men killed or wounded. On 23 February, the 28th Marine Regiment reached the summit of Mt. Suribachi, prompting the now famous
4424:, their largest offensive of World War II, with the goal of connecting Japanese-controlled territory in China and French Indochina and capturing airbases in southeastern China where American bombers were based. Though Japan suffered about 100,000 casualties, these attacks, the biggest in several years, gained much ground for Japan before Chinese forces stopped the incursions in
4360:
4128:, fell behind. The Allies began a long movement across the Pacific, seizing several island bases. Some Japanese strongholds like Truk, Rabaul, and Formosa, were neutralized by air attack and bypassed. The goal was to get close to Japan itself, then launch massive strategic air attacks, improve the submarine blockade, and finally (only if necessary) execute an invasion.
4432:. Japanese losses in the Pacific meant that Japan never got the time and resources needed to achieve victory over China. Operation Ichi-Go created a sense of social confusion in the areas of China that it affected. Chinese Communist guerrillas were able to exploit this confusion to gain influence and control of greater areas of the countryside in the aftermath.
4577:, eventually encircling and neutralizing the stronghold. With their position in the Solomons disintegrating, the Japanese modified the Z Plan by eliminating the Gilbert and Marshall Islands, and the Bismarck Archipelago as vital areas to be defended. They then based their possible actions on the defense of an inner perimeter, which included the
4041:. The Chindits suffered heavy losses (1,138 out of a force of just over 3,000) and had inflicted only minor damage to the Japanese lines of communication. Wingate insisted that ordinary British and Indian troops could fight in the jungle as easily as the Japanese. The raid also contributed to the Japanese decision to invade India during 1944.
3975:, the Chinese forced Japan to fight a campaign of attrition. Although the Japanese captured the city, the Chinese were able to pin them down long enough for reinforcements to arrive and encircle them. The Chinese then cut Japanese supply lines, provoking a retreat and Chinese pursuit. During the battle, Japan used chemical weapons.
2067:, as chosen by a cabinet decision on 10 December 1941, to refer to both the war with the Western Allies and the ongoing war in China. This name was released to the public on 12 December, with an explanation that it involved Asian nations achieving their independence from the Western powers through armed forces of the
2983:(ABDACOM), a supreme command for Allied forces in Southeast Asia. This gave Wavell nominal control of a huge force, albeit thinly spread from Burma to the Philippines to northern Australia. Other areas, including India, Hawaii, and the rest of Australia, remained under local commands. On 15 January, Wavell moved to
5318:. The capture of Okinawa would provide airbases to intensify aerial bombardment of Japan and for direct land-based air support of the invasion of Kyushu. The islands could also allow for tightening the blockade of Japanese shipping and be used as a staging area and supply base for any invasion of the home islands.
3944:, with the goal of locating surviving American airmen, applying retribution on the Chinese who aided them, and destroying air bases. This operation started on 15 May 1942 with 40 infantry and 15–16 artillery battalions, but was repelled by Chinese forces in September. During this campaign, the IJA engaged in
4921:. For the Japanese the defeat at Leyte Gulf was catastrophic—its navy's greatest ever loss of ships and men in combat. The inevitable liberation of the Philippines also meant that the home islands would be virtually cut off from the vital resources from Japan's occupied territories in Southeast Asia.
6756:"For fifty-three long months, beginning in July 1937, China stood alone, single-handedly fighting an undeclared war against Japan. On 9 December 1941, after Japan's surprise attack on Pearl Harbor, what had been for so long a war between two countries now became part of a much wider Pacific conflict."
6435:
General George C. Marshall put
Japanese "battle dead" against the Americans at 965,000 (South Pacific: 684,000, Central Pacific: 273,000, Aleutians: 8,000), with 37,308 captured, from 7 December 1941 to 30 June 1945 (the war had yet to conclude). These are juxtaposed with the losses in the theater of
5967:
Australia incurred losses of 45,841 not including natural deaths: 17,501 killed (including POW deaths in captivity), 13,997 wounded, and 14,345 living POWs. New
Zealand lost 578 killed, with an unknown number wounded or captured. 294 Canadians were killed in Hong Kong and the Aleutians, and a further
5670:
the Soviet Union had agreed to enter the war against Japan 90 days after the surrender of
Germany. At the time Soviet participation was seen as crucial to tie down the large number of Japanese forces in Manchuria and Korea, keeping them from being transferred to the Home Islands to mount a defense to
5235:
was assigned command of the island in May 1944. The
Japanese began constructing elaborate defenses, making the best possible use of the island's natural caves and uneven, rocky terrain. The island was transformed into a massive network of bunkers, hidden guns, and underground passageways leading from
5186:
in southern Burma. They suffered 14,000 casualties, half their strength. Overall, the Japanese lost some 150,000 men in Burma. Only 1,700 Japanese soldiers surrendered and were taken prisoner. The Allies were preparing to make amphibious landings in Malaya when word of the Japanese surrender arrived.
4655:
from which to bomb Japan; and the choice among several possible objectives for the next phase of operations, which would keep the Japanese uncertain. It was also hoped that this penetration of the Japanese inner defense zone might force the Japanese fleet out for a decisive engagement. The ability to
4344:
against Japan. This meant sinking any warship, commercial vessel, or passenger ship in Axis-controlled waters, without warning and without aiding survivors. The US had a long supply line, leaving it vulnerable to submarine attack, but Japan used its submarines primarily for long-range reconnaissance
6002:
Similar to the Dutch, the 65,000-strong French colonial army in French Indochina (16,500 European French and 48,500 colonial) disintegrated at the end of the Japanese invasion. 2,129 European French and 2,100 Indochinese colonial troops were killed, while 12,000 French and 3,000 colonial troops were
5846:
notes that there are inconsistencies within the official US statistics themselves. The total number of dead in Pacific theaters rises to 113,079 if Army non-battle deaths are included. Over half of all American losses suffered in the Pacific occurred between July 1944 and July 1945. Combined, the US
5340:
beaches of the island's west coast. However, there was little opposition at the beaches as the Japanese had decided to meet the Americans farther inland out of range of naval gunfire. About 60,000 American troops landed on the first day, seizing the two nearby airfields and pushing across the narrow
4817:
it in two days. The Japanese had only enough pilots left to form the air group for one of their light carriers. The Mobile Fleet returned home with only 35 aircraft of the 430 with which it had begun. The battle ended in a total Japanese defeat and resulted in the virtual end of their carrier force.
4812:
were sunk by American submarine attacks. After the second day of the battle, losses totaled three carriers and 445 aircrew with more than 433 carrier aircraft and around 200 land-based aircraft. The Americans lost 130 aircraft and 76 aircrew, many losses due to aircraft running out of fuel returning
3274:
ordered MacArthur to formulate a Pacific defence plan with Australia in March 1942. Curtin agreed to place Australian forces under the command of MacArthur, who became Supreme Commander, South West Pacific. MacArthur moved his headquarters to Melbourne in March 1942 and American troops began massing
2803:
By November these plans were essentially complete, and were modified only slightly over the next month. Japanese military planners' expectation of success rested on the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union being unable to effectively respond to a Japanese attack because of the threat posed to each by
5963:
The Royal Navy lost 23 warships in the Pacific and Indian oceans: 1 battleship, 1 battlecruiser, 1 aircraft carrier, 3 cruisers, 8 destroyers, 5 submarines, and 4 escorts. There were significant indirect losses to the British Empire territories of India and Burma, including 3 million deaths in
5653:
campaign had already made invasion, hence the atomic bomb, unnecessary. However, other scholars have argued that the atomic bombings shocked the Japanese government into surrender and helped avoid Operation Downfall, or a prolonged blockade and conventional bombing campaign, any of which would have
5166:
During April, Fourteenth Army advanced 300 miles (480 km) south towards Rangoon, but was delayed by Japanese rearguards 40 miles (64 km) to the north. Slim feared that the Japanese would defend Rangoon house-to-house during the monsoon, which would commit his army to prolonged action with
5109:
In late 1944 and early 1945, the Allied South East Asia Command launched offensives into Burma, intending to recover most of the country, including Rangoon, the capital, before the onset of the monsoon in May. The offensives were fought primarily by British Commonwealth, Chinese and American forces
4816:
Although the defeat at the Philippine Sea was severe in terms of the loss of the three fleet carriers, its more significant impact was the loss of the carrier air groups. The Japanese had spent the better part of a year reconstituting their carrier air groups, and the Americans had destroyed 90% of
4024:
advanced overland down the Mayu peninsula. The offensive was stalled at Rathedaung and Donbaik, only a few miles north of Akyab, by numerically inferior Japanese forces who occupied bunkers. Repeated assaults, from January to March 1943, failed to overcome these positions. A Japanese division moved
3218:
The Australian Government ... regards the Pacific struggle as primarily one in which the United States and Australia must have the fullest say in the direction of the democracies' fighting plan. Without inhibitions of any kind, I make it clear that Australia looks to America, free of any pangs
5998:
The entire 140,000-strong Royal Dutch East Indies Army was killed, captured, or missing by the conclusion of the East Indies Campaign. 1,500 colonial and 900 Dutch soldiers were killed in action. Most of the colonial soldiers were freed on the spot or deserted. Of the ethnic Dutch troops, 900 were
5874:
The official account of the war published in Taiwan reported that the Nationalist Chinese Army lost 3,238,000 men (1,797,000 wounded, 1,320,000 killed, and 120,000 missing) and 5,787,352 civilians casualties putting the total number of casualties at 9,025,352. The soldiers of the Chinese Communist
5850:
The US protectorate in the Philippines suffered considerable losses. Military losses were 27,000 dead (including POWs), 75,000 living POWs, and an unknown number wounded, not counting irregulars that fought in the insurgency. Between 500,000 and 1,000,000 Filipino civilians died due to war-related
5408:
After Japanese victories in Operation Ichi-Go, Japan was losing the battle in Burma and facing constant attacks from Chinese Nationalist forces and Communist guerrillas in the countryside. The IJA began preparations for the Battle of West Hunan in March 1945, mobilizing 80,000 men to seize Chinese
4958:
devastated Japanese attempts to resupply. In torrential rains and over difficult terrain, the US advance continued across Leyte and the neighboring island of Samar to the north. On 7 December US Army units landed and, after a major land and air battle, cut off the Japanese ability to reinforce and
3152:
On 8 December 1941, Japanese bombers struck American airfields on Luzon. They caught most of the planes on the ground, destroying 103 aircraft, more than half of the US air strength. Two days later, further raids led to the destruction of the Cavite Naval Yard. By 13 December, Japanese attacks had
3125:
Within China, cooperation between the Chinese Nationalists and the Communists had waned from its zenith at the Battle of Wuhan, and the relationship between the two had gone sour as both attempted to expand their areas of operation. The Japanese exploited this lack of unity to press ahead in their
2743:
As early as 1935, Japanese military strategists had concluded the Dutch East Indies were, because of their oil reserves, important to Japan. By 1940 they had expanded this to include Indochina, Malaya, and the Philippines within their concept of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere. Japanese
5687:
which resumed hostilities between the USSR and Japan after almost six years of peace. Soviet gains on the continent were Manchukuo, Mengjiang (Inner Mongolia) and northern Korea. The USSR's entry into the war was a significant factor in the Japanese decision to surrender as it became apparent the
5250:
An intense naval and air bombardment preceded the landing but did little but drive the Japanese further underground, making their positions impervious to enemy fire. The hidden guns and defenses survived the bombardment virtually unscathed. On the morning of 19 February 1945, 30,000 men under the
4718:
in the Palau Islands on 15 September, was notable for a drastic change in Japanese defensive tactics, resulting in the highest casualty rate amongst US forces in an amphibious operation during the Pacific War. Instead of the predicted four days, it took until 27 November to secure the island. The
5574:
raids. On 9–10 March 1945 LeMay oversaw Operation Meetinghouse in which 300 B-29s dropped 1,665 tons of bombs, mostly napalm-carrying M-69 incendiary bombs, on the Japanese capital. This attack is seen the most destructive bombing raid in history and killed between 80,000 and 100,000 people in a
5497:
Although the campaign was criticized in Australia as a "waste" of the lives of soldiers, it achieved a number of objectives, such as increasing the isolation of significant Japanese forces occupying the Dutch East Indies, capturing major oil supplies and freeing Allied prisoners of war, who were
4497:
cut the main road to Imphal and isolated a small British garrison, but failed to capture the whole of the defences at Kohima. During April, the Japanese attacks against Imphal failed, while fresh Allied formations relieved the garrison of Kohima and drove the Japanese from the positions they had
3631:
The battle began on 3 June, when American aircraft from Midway spotted and attacked the Japanese transport group 700 miles (1,100 km) west of the atoll. On 4 June, the Japanese launched a 108-aircraft strike on the island but failed to deliver a decisive blow to the island's facilities. The
3611:
Admiral Yamamoto viewed the operation against Midway as the potentially decisive battle of the war which could lead to the destruction of American strategic power in the Pacific, and subsequently allow for a negotiated peace settlement. Through strategic and tactical surprise, the Japanese would
3157:
had been sent to the southern Philippines. However, with little air protection, the remaining surface vessels in the Philippines, especially the larger ships, were sent to Java or to Australia, and the remaining American bombers flew to Australia in mid-December. The only forces that remained to
2896:
In the early hours of 7 December (Hawaiian time), Japan launched a major surprise carrier-based air strike on Pearl Harbor in Honolulu without warning, which left eight American battleships out of action, destroyed 188 American aircraft, and killed 2,403 Americans. The Japanese believed that the
5389:
The battle for Okinawa proved costly and lasted much longer than the Americans had expected. The Japanese skillfully utilized terrain to inflict maximum casualties. Total American casualties were 49,451, including 12,520 dead or missing and 36,631 wounded. Japanese casualties were approximately
5381:
In the northern part of Okinawa American troops only met light opposition, and the area was seized within about two weeks. However, the main Japanese defenses were in the south. There was bitter fighting against well-entrenched Japanese troops, but US forces slowly made progress. The seizure of
4402:
In 1944 the US Navy restructured their submarine fleet, installing effective shipboard radar on its 150 submarines, replacing commanders deemed lacking in aggression, and fixing the faults in the torpedoes. Japanese commerce protection was "shiftless beyond description", and convoys were poorly
2799:
Japanese planning was for a limited war where Japan would seize key objectives and then establish a defensive perimeter to defeat Allied counterattacks, which in turn would lead to a negotiated peace. The early war was divided into two operational phases. The First Operational Phase was further
6046:
Eight hundred thousand Japanese civilians and over two million Japanese soldiers died during the war. According to a report by the Relief Bureau of the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare in 1964, combined Japanese Army and Navy deaths during the war (1937–1945) numbered approximately
5885:
gave a figure of 3,949,000 people in China murdered directly by the Japanese army while giving a figure of 10,216,000 total dead in the war with the additional millions of deaths due to indirect causes like starvation or disease. Famines during the war caused by drought affected both China and
5878:
An academic study published in the United States estimates Chinese military casualties as 1.5 million killed in battle, 750,000 missing in action, 1.5 million deaths due to disease and 3 million wounded; civilian casualties: due to military activity, killed 1,073,496 and 237,319
5769:
decided to accept the Potsdam terms on one condition: the "prerogative of His Majesty as a Sovereign Ruler". At noon on 15 August, after the American government's intentionally ambiguous reply, stating that the "authority" of the Emperor "shall be subject to the Supreme Commander of the Allied
5269:
Iwo Jima was one of the bloodiest battles fought by the Americans during the Pacific War. American casualties were 6,821 killed and 19,207 wounded. The Japanese losses totaled well over 20,000 men killed, with only 1,083 prisoners taken. Historians debate whether it was strategically worth the
4659:
On 15 June, the 2nd and 4th Marine Divisions supported by a naval bombardment group landed on Saipan. However, Japanese fire was so effective that the first day's objective was not reached until Day 3. After fanatic Japanese resistance, the Marines captured Aslito airfield on 18 June. Nafutan,
4509:
rains descended in mid-May, they also succumbed to disease in large numbers. During May, while Mutaguchi continued to order attacks, the Allies advanced southwards from Kohima and northwards from Imphal. The two Allied attacks met on 22 June, breaking the Japanese siege of Imphal. The Japanese
3412:
proposed to achieve the destruction of the US Navy by occupying Midway Atoll, an objective he thought the Americans would be certain to fight for, as Midway was close enough to threaten Hawaii. During a series of meetings held from 2–5 April, the Naval General Staff and representatives of the
5994:
Between Lake Khasan, Khalkin Gol, advisors deployed to China, and the 1945 operations in Manchuria and the Kuriles, Soviet casualties against Japan totaled 68,612: 22,731 killed/missing and 45,908 wounded. Material losses included some 1,000 tanks and AFVs, 5 landing ships, and 300 aircraft.
3374:
advocated an advance to the south to seize parts of Australia, but with large numbers of troops engaged in China and Manchuria, the Imperial Army declined to contribute the forces necessary. The Naval General Staff still wanted to cut the sea links between Australia and the US by capturing
6537:
According to the findings of the Tokyo Tribunal, the death rate of Western prisoners was 27%, seven times that of Western POWs under the Germans and Italians. Some of the more notorious instances of abuse of prisoners were the Bataan Death March and forced labor in the construction of the
17680:
4994:
by American forces in the Pacific theater. As the advance on Manila continued from the north and the south, the Bataan Peninsula was rapidly secured. On 16 February paratroopers and amphibious units assaulted the island fortress of Corregidor, and resistance ended there on 27 February.
3899:
By late 1942, Japanese headquarters had decided to make Guadalcanal their priority. The Americans hoped to use their numerical advantage at Guadalcanal to progressively drain Japanese manpower. Ultimately nearly 20,000 Japanese died on Guadalcanal compared to just over 7,000 Americans.
3186:. On the night of 5–6 May, after an intensive aerial and artillery bombardment, the Japanese landed on Corregidor and Wainwright surrendered. In the southern Philippines, where key ports and airfields had already been seized, the remaining American-Filipino forces surrendered on 9 May.
4374:
The US Navy, by contrast, relied on commerce raiding from the outset. However, the problem of Allied forces surrounded in the Philippines in early 1942 led to diversion of boats to "guerrilla submarine" missions. Basing in Australia placed boats under Japanese aerial threat while
2998:. After being driven out of Malaya, Allied forces in Singapore attempted to resist the Japanese during the Battle of Singapore, but were forced to surrender to the Japanese on 15 February 1942; about 130,000 Indian, British, Australian and Dutch personnel became prisoners of war.
5265:
photograph, often cited as the most reproduced photograph ever and the archetypal representation of the Pacific War. For the rest of February, the Americans pushed north, and by 1 March, had taken two-thirds of the island. It was not until 26 March that the island was secured.
5847:
and allied navies lost nearly 200 warships, including 4 battleships, 12 aircraft carriers, 25 cruisers, 84 destroyers and destroyer escorts, 63 submarines, and nearly 30,000 aircraft. This gave the Allies a 2–1 exchange ratio with the Japanese in terms of ships and aircraft.
3623:
discovered the planned attack on Midway. Yamamoto's complex plan had no provision for intervention by the American fleet before the Japanese had expected them. Planned surveillance of the American fleet in Pearl Harbor by long-ranged seaplanes did not occur as a result of an
4336:
American submarines accounted for 56% of the Japanese merchantmen sunk; mines or aircraft destroyed most of the rest. American submariners also claimed 28% of Japanese warships destroyed. They also played important reconnaissance roles and rescued hundreds of downed fliers.
3181:
assumed command in the Philippines. The defenders on Bataan, running low on ammunition and supplies, could not hold back a final Japanese offensive. Bataan fell on 9 April, with the 76,000 American and Filipino prisoners of war being subjected to the 66 miles (106 km)
3177:. After some initial success, they were stalled by disease and casualties, but they could be reinforced while the Americans and Filipinos could not. On 11 March 1942, under orders from President Roosevelt, MacArthur fled Corregidor for Australia, and Lieutenant General
5222:
Although the Marianas were secure and American bases firmly established, the long 1,200 miles (1,900 km) range from the Marianas meant that B-29 aircrews bombing Japan found themselves ditching at sea if severely damaged. Attention focused on the small island of
3393:, 600 miles (970 km) from Japan. The raid inflicted minimal material damage on Japanese soil but was a morale boost for the US; it also had psychological repercussions in Japan, exposing the danger to the Japanese homeland from American carrier forces. With only
5369:
had only enough to reach Okinawa. Off Okinawa it was planned to beach the battleship and use her 18.1-inch (46 cm) guns to support fighting on the island. After being sighted by an American submarine and reconnaissance aircraft, naval attack aircraft sunk the
5042:. The Japanese put up little direct defense of Palawan, but cleaning up pockets of Japanese resistance lasted until late April, as the Japanese used their common tactic of withdrawing into the mountain jungles, dispersed as small units. Throughout the Philippines,
4616:
along with large numbers of land-based aircraft, would be concentrated. If the Americans attacked the Marianas, they would be attacked by land-based planes in the vicinity. Then the Americans would be lured into the areas where the Mobile Fleet could defeat them.
17673:
4123:
After Midway, the US used its vast industrial potential to make more ships, planes, and train its aircrews. At the same time, Japan, lacking an adequate industrial base or technological strategy, a good aircrew training program, or adequate naval resources and
6850:
Strength of the US Military in Asia and the Pacific as of war's end: Army: 1,770,036, Navy (excluding Coast Guard and Marines): 1,366,716, and Marine Corps: 484,631. These figures do not include the Coast Guard or naval personnel in the China-Burma-India
2897:
Americans, faced with such a sudden and massive blow, would agree to a negotiated settlement. American losses were less serious than initially thought: the three American aircraft carriers were at sea, and vital naval infrastructure, submarine base, and
6813:
The US thereby reversed its opposition to unrestricted submarine warfare. After the war, when moralistic doubts about Hiroshima and other raids on civilian targets were loudly voiced, no one criticized Roosevelt's submarine policy. (Two German admirals,
3535:
Although they managed to sink a carrier, the battle was a disaster for the Japanese, as all three carriers that were committed to the battle would now be unavailable for the operation against Midway. After Coral Sea, the Japanese had four fleet carriers
17666:
3453:
and was divided into several parts. Tulagi would be occupied on 3 May; the carriers would then conduct a sweep through the Coral Sea to find and destroy Allied naval forces, with the landings conducted to capture Port Moresby scheduled for 10 May. The
2767:
viewed these embargoes as acts of aggression; imported oil made up about 80% of domestic consumption, without which Japan's economy would grind to a halt. The Japanese media, influenced by military propagandists, began to refer to the embargoes as the
4428:. Despite major tactical victories, the operation overall failed to provide Japan with any significant strategic gains. A majority of the Chinese forces were able to retreat out of the area, and later come back to attack Japanese positions at the
1969:
stance, giving first priority to defeating Nazi Germany. The Japanese had great difficulty replacing their losses in ships and aircraft, while American factories and shipyards produced ever increasing numbers of both. Fighting included some of the
5870:
lists the total number of military and non-military casualties, both dead and wounded, at 35 million. Duncan Anderson, Head of the Department of War Studies at the Royal Military Academy, states that the total number of casualties was around
2807:
The Japanese leadership was aware that a total military victory in a traditional sense against the US was impossible; the alternative would be negotiating for peace after their initial victories, which would recognize Japanese hegemony in Asia.
13661:
4406:
Underwater warfare was especially dangerous; of the 16,000 Americans who went out on patrol, 3,500 (22%) never returned, the highest casualty rate of any American force in World War II. The Japanese losses, 130 submarines in all, were higher.
5144:, the new Japanese commander in Burma, hoped that the Allies' lines of communications would be overstretched trying to cross this obstacle. However, the advancing British Fourteenth Army switched its axis of advance to outflank the Japanese.
5841:
American casualties were 107,903 battle deaths and 208,333 wounded. The figure for battle deaths include Army prisoners who died in Japanese captivity, this is the standard itemization of for US deaths in the Pacific War. However, historian
5006:
In all, ten US divisions and five independent regiments battled on Luzon, making it the largest campaign of the Pacific War, involving more troops than the US had used in North Africa, Italy, or southern France. Forces included the Mexican
5674:
On 9 August, exactly on schedule, the Soviet Union entered the war by invading Manchuria. A battle-hardened, one million-strong Soviet force, transferred from Europe, attacked Japanese forces and landed a heavy blow against the Japanese
3487:, was assembled to stop the Japanese advance. On 7 May, the Japanese carriers launched a full strike on a contact reported to be enemy carriers, but the report turned out to be false. The strike force found and struck only an oiler, the
3417:
to the operation against Port Moresby and include an attack to seize strategic points in the Aleutian Islands simultaneously with the Midway operation. These were enough to remove the Japanese margin of superiority in the Midway attack.
5875:
Party suffered 584,267 casualties, of which 160,603 were killed, 133,197 missing, and 290,467 wounded. This would equate to a total of 3.82 million combined NRA/CCP casualties, of which 1.74 million were killed or missing.>
5957:(86,600), Battle of Hong Kong (15,000), and various naval encounters, British, Dominion and Empire forces incurred some 235,000 casualties in the Pacific Theater, including roughly 82,000 killed (50,000 in combat and 32,000 as POWs).
4985:
Two more major landings followed, one to cut off the Bataan Peninsula, and another, that included a parachute drop, south of Manila. Pincers closed on the city, and on 3 February 1945 American forces pushed into Manila. The month-long
5364:
and eight destroyers were assembled as bait to draw away as many American carrier aircraft as possible, in order to leave Allied naval forces vulnerable to large-scale Kamikaze attacks. As a consequence of Japanese fuel shortages the
5386:, the center of Japanese resistance, on 29 May represented both a strategic and psychological blow. Organized resistance was not over until 21 June; many Japanese went into hiding and the campaign was not declared over until 2 July.
5421:. Chinese forces totaled 110,000 men, supported by about 400 aircraft from Chinese and American air forces. Chinese forces won decisively and launched a large counterattack in this campaign. Concurrently, the Chinese repelled a
5390:
110,000 killed, and 7,400 taken prisoner. 94% of the Japanese soldiers died along with many civilians. Kamikaze attacks also sank 36 ships, damaged 368 more and killed 4,900 US sailors, for the loss of 7,800 Japanese aircraft.
4843:
between Japan and Southeast Asia. Thus the Japanese devised a plan to force a decisive battle by utilizing their last remaining strength – the firepower of its heavy cruisers and battleships – against the American beachhead at
4328:
The Japanese military claimed its defenses sank 468 Allied submarines during the war. In reality, only 42 American submarines were sunk in the Pacific due to hostile action, with 10 others lost in accidents or as the result of
3798:
ensured American control of the waters around Guadalcanal during daytime, while superior night-fighting capabilities of the IJN gave the Japanese the advantage at night. In August, Japanese and US carrier forces engaged in the
3884:. Japanese ground forces launched repeated attacks on heavily defended US positions around Henderson Field but suffered high casualties. To sustain these offensives, resupply was carried out by Japanese convoys, termed the "
6439:
The IJN lost over 341 warships, including 11 battleships, 25 aircraft carriers, 39 cruisers, 135 destroyers, and 131 submarines, almost entirely in action against the US Navy. The IJN and IJA together lost 45,125 aircraft.
3006:
fell in February. The rapid collapse of Allied resistance left the "ABDA area" split in two. Wavell resigned from ABDACOM on 25 February, handing control of the ABDA Area to local commanders and returning to the post of
3888:" by the Allies. The convoys often faced night battles with enemy naval forces. Fleet battles involving heavier ships and even daytime carrier battles resulted in a stretch of water near Guadalcanal becoming known as "
12939:
Murashima, Eiji (2006). "The Commemorative Character of Thai Historiography: The 1942–43 Thai Military Campaign in the Shan States Depicted as a Story of National Salvation and the Restoration of Thai Independence".
5682:
The Manchurian strategic offensive operation began on 9 August 1945, with the Soviet invasion of the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo. This was the last campaign of the Second World War and the largest of the 1945
7043:
Estimates of 1 to 6 million Chinese civilian deaths (1937–1945); around 4 million civilian deaths from the Dutch East Indies;, 1–2 million Vietnamese civilian deaths; around 3 million Indian civilian deaths in the
5314:. The seizure of islands in the Ryukyus was to have been the last step before the actual invasion of the Japanese home islands. Okinawa, the largest of the Ryukyu Islands, was located 340 miles (550 km) from
2939:
Hong Kong was attacked on 8 December and fell on 25 December 1941. American bases on Guam and Wake Island were lost at around the same time. British, Australian, and Dutch forces, already drained of personnel and
5632:
in history. In a press release issued after the bombing, Truman warned Japan to surrender or "expect a rain of ruin from the air, the like of which has never been seen on this Earth". On 9 August, the US dropped
3198:. Australia was ill-prepared for an attack, lacking armaments, modern fighter aircraft, heavy bombers, and aircraft carriers. While still calling for reinforcements from Churchill, the Australian Prime Minister
7884:
document (XL 30948, RG 226, USNA) quotes Thai Ministry of Interior figures of 8,711 air raids deaths in 1944–45 and damage to more than 10,000 buildings, most of them totally destroyed. However, an account by
5110:
against Japan, assisted to some degree by Thailand, the Burma National Army and the Indian National Army. The Commonwealth land forces were drawn primarily from the United Kingdom, British India, and Africa.
4131:
The US Navy did not seek out the Japanese fleet for a decisive battle, the Allied advance could only be stopped by a Japanese naval attack, which oil shortages (induced by submarine attack) made impossible.
3472:. From the Allied point of view, if Port Moresby fell, the Japanese would control the seas to the north and west of Australia and could isolate the country. An Allied task force under the command of Admiral
6826:
of violating international law through unrestricted submarine warfare; the court acquitted them after they proved that Allied merchant ships were legitimate military targets under the rules in force at the
4032:
Most officers accepted that the failure resulted from inadequate training for jungle warfare. To offset the results of the Arakan offensive, the Allies widely publicised a long distance raid mounted by the
2008:
The Pacific War Council as photographed on 12 October 1942. Pictured are representatives from the United States (seated), Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, China, the Netherlands, and the
11516:
George C Marshall, Biennial reports of the Chief of Staff of the United States Army to the Secretary of War : 1 July 1939–30 June 1945. Washington, DC : Center of Military History, 1996. p. 202.
4517:, the Americans and Chinese had continued to advance in northern Burma, aided by the reinforced Chindits operating against the Japanese lines of communication. In mid-1944 the Chinese Expeditionary Force
7061:
2,133,915 Japanese military deaths 1937–1945, 1.18 million Chinese collaborator casualties 1937–1945 (432,000 dead), 22,000 Burmese casualties, 5,600 Thai troops killed, and 2,615 Indian National Army (
4848:. The Japanese planned to use their remaining carriers as bait to lure the American carriers away from Leyte Gulf long enough for the heavy warships to enter and to destroy any American ships present.
4851:
The Japanese assembled four carriers, nine battleships, 14 heavy cruisers, seven light cruisers, and 35 destroyers. They split into three forces: the "Center Force", under the command of Vice Admiral
3964:
pathogens. Chinese estimates put the death toll at 250,000 civilians. Around 1,700 Japanese troops died, out of a total 10,000 who fell ill when Japanese biological weapons infected their own forces.
3743:
were within sight of Port Moresby but were ordered to withdraw to the northeastern coast. Australian and US forces attacked their fortified positions and after more than two months of fighting in the
5575:
single night, destroying over 270,000 buildings and leaving over 1 million homeless. In the ten days that followed, almost 10,000 bombs were dropped, destroying 31% of Tokyo, Nagoya, Osaka and Kobe.
4301:, even though submarines made up a small proportion of the Allied navies—less than two percent in the case of the US Navy. Submarines strangled Japan by sinking its merchant fleet, intercepting many
3295:
In early 1942, the governments of smaller powers began to push for an inter-governmental Asia-Pacific war council. The Pacific War Council was formed in Washington DC on 1 April 1942, with President
7187:
7162:
5175:
was launched on 1 May, to find that the Japanese had already evacuated. The troops that occupied Rangoon linked up with Fourteenth Army five days later, securing the Allies' lines of communication.
4906:, Shima's group was unable to coordinate its movements with Nishimura's group and arrived at Surigao Strait in the middle of the encounter; after making a haphazard torpedo attack, Shima retreated.
4589:, and the Dutch East Indies. Meanwhile, in the Central Pacific the Americans initiated a major offensive, beginning in November 1943 with landings in the Gilbert Islands. Japanese garrisons in the
2908:
Opposition to war in the US vanished after the attack. On 8 December, the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, and the Netherlands declared war on Japan, followed by Australia the next day.
11492:
7340:(Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 2011), p. 299.Figure is for U.S. losses only. China, the British Commonwealth, the USSR and other nations collectively add several thousand more to this total.
4867:; the "Northern Force", under the command of Ozawa, which had four carriers and two battleships partly converted to carriers; and the "Southern Force", containing one group under the command of
4305:, and cutting off nearly all the oil imports essential to weapons production and military operations. By early 1945, Japanese oil supplies were so limited that its fleet was virtually stranded.
3263:. The IJA opposed the plan and it was rejected in favour of a policy of isolating Australia via blockade by advancing through the South Pacific. The Japanese decided upon a seaborne invasion of
2944:
by two years of war with Germany, and heavily committed in the Middle East, North Africa, and elsewhere, were unable to provide much more than token resistance. Two major British warships, the
2861:
6583:
estimated that 84% of the attacked area was residential, mostly inhabited by women, children and the elderly; the over 100,000 victims constitute the deadliest aerial bombing raid in history.
5163:. The Japanese armies were heavily defeated, and with the capture of Mandalay, the Burmese population and the Burma National Army (which the Japanese had raised) turned against the Japanese.
2695:. The Japanese found its aggression against the retreating and regrouping Chinese army was stalled by the mountainous terrain in southwestern China while the Communists organised widespread
2494:
at the outset of its conquests of South East Asia. This headquarters controlled the bulk of the Japanese Army formations which opposed the Western Allies in the Pacific and South East Asia.
4749:
in the Marianas the Japanese viewed holding Saipan as imperative. Consequently, they responded with their largest carrier force of the war: the nine-carrier Mobile Fleet under Vice Admiral
8106:
5781:
Should we continue to fight, it would not only result in an ultimate collapse and obliteration of the Japanese nation, but also it would lead to the total extinction of human civilization.
1906:. However, it is more widely accepted that the Pacific War itself began on 7 December (8 December Japanese time) 1941, when the Japanese simultaneously attacked American military bases in
12052:
The Implementation of Legally Binding Measures to Strengthen the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, held in Budapest, Hungary, 2001
5325:, totaled some 75,000–100,000, augmented by thousands of civilians. American forces for the operation totaled 183,000 troops in seven divisions (four US Army and three Marine) under the
5019:
of the United States Army Air Forces that flew tactical support missions. Of the 250,000 Japanese troops defending Luzon, 80 percent died. The last Japanese soldier in the Philippines,
2596:
and captured it in October after a four-month campaign. The Japanese achieved major military victories, but world opinion—in particular in the US—condemned Japan, especially after the
4902:
ambushed the Japanese. American destroyers and naval gunfire destroyed two battleships and three destroyers, with only a single Japanese destroyer surviving. As a result of observing
3794:
With Japanese and Allied forces occupying parts of the island, over the following six months both sides poured resources into an escalating battle of attrition. US air cover based at
6765:: "It was not an official term, but a term of incitement used by the Japanese media, under the guidance of the military, in order to stir up the Japanese people's sense of crisis..."
2788:. It was decided—because of the close relationship between the UK and the US, and the belief that the US would inevitably become involved—that Japan would also take the Philippines,
5409:
airfields and secure railroads in West Hunan by early April. In response, the Chinese National Military Council dispatched the 4th Front Army and the 10th and 27th Army Groups with
5117:
divisions) advanced along the coast in Arakan Province, at last capturing Akyab Island. They landed troops behind the retreating Japanese, inflicting heavy casualties, and captured
1302:
4549:
or the Z Plan, which envisioned the use of Japanese naval power to counter American forces threatening the outer defense perimeter line: from the Aleutians down through Wake, the
3067:
and other Allied ships were sunk. The attack forced the Royal Navy to withdraw to the western part of the Indian Ocean, paving the way for a Japanese assault on Burma and India.
2932:, surrendered within hours of the Japanese invasion. The government of Thailand formally allied with Japan on 21 December. To the south, the IJA had seized the British colony of
19222:
17785:
14259:
6662:
5231:
as well as land-based air support to protect US naval fleets in Japanese waters. However, the Japanese had also come to realize the strategic value of Iwo Jima, and Lt. General
4458:
After the Allied setbacks in 1943, the South East Asia command prepared to launch offensives into Burma on several fronts. In early 1944, the Chinese and American troops of the
3195:
8938:
8912:
4029:
took over the front, and intended to mount a riposte, but their troops were exhausted and the division was forced to fall back to the Indian frontier in the first week in May.
14243:
10303:
2901:
units were unscathed, and the fact the bombing happened while the US was not officially at war caused a wave of outrage across the US. Japan's fallback strategy, relying on a
8338:, United States Strategic Bombing Survey, Washington December 1946, Table B-2. From 1942 to 1945, 92,511,000 yen was spent on the IJA and 59,766,000 yen was spent on the IJN.
4954:. The US Sixth Army continued its advance from the east, while the Japanese rushed reinforcements to the western side. The US reinforced the Sixth Army successfully, but the
8460:
5049:
The US Eighth Army moved on to its first landing on Mindanao (17 April), the last of the major Philippine Islands to be taken. Then followed the invasion and occupation of
4978:'s Sixth Army landed its first units on the western coast of Luzon. Almost 175,000 men followed within a few days. With heavy air support, Army units pushed inland, taking
4158:, a series of amphibious invasions to recapture the Solomon Islands and New Guinea and ultimately isolate the major Japanese forward base at Rabaul. Following the Japanese
18500:
18418:
16198:
11627:
5582:, in which the inland waterways of Japan were extensively mined by air, which disrupted the little remaining Japanese coastal sea traffic. On 26 July 1945, US President
3260:
15943:
2561:
by providing large amounts of materiel to Chinese troops. In August 1937, Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek deployed his best armies to fight about 300,000 Japanese troops
15551:
14227:
5413:
as commander-in-chief. At the same time, it airlifted the entire Chinese New 6th Corps, an American-equipped corps and veterans of the Burma Expeditionary Force, from
4510:
finally broke off the operation on 3 July. They had lost over 50,000 troops, mainly to starvation and disease—the worst defeat suffered by the IJA to that date.
19217:
17549:
15567:
14058:
10628:
6652:
5642:
5333:
operated as a separate unit; its objective was to strike airfields on the chain of islands between Formosa and Okinawa, to prevent the Japanese reinforcing Okinawa.
3508:. On 8 May, the opposing carrier forces finally found each other and exchanged air strikes. Aircraft from the two Japanese carriers succeeded in sinking the carrier
11972:
Boyd, Carl (1979). "The Japanese Submarine Force and the Legacy of Strategic and Operational Doctrine Developed Between the World Wars". In Addington, Larry (ed.).
5928:
The property loss suffered by the Chinese was valued at 383 billion US dollars according to the currency exchange rate in July 1937, roughly 50 times the
4352:
and Rabaul. In addition, Japan honored its neutrality treaty with the Soviet Union and ignored American freighters shipping military supplies from San Francisco to
3880:
During the campaign, most of the Japanese aircraft based in the South Pacific were redeployed to the defense of Guadalcanal. Many were lost in engagements with the
5129:
and Lashio, while the Chinese and American Northern Combat Area Command resumed its advance in northern Burma. In late January 1945, these two forces linked up at
15887:
3173:. A series of withdrawal actions brought his troops safely into Bataan, while the Japanese entered Manila unopposed on 2 January 1942. On 7 January, the Japanese
3114:, which was the western Allies' supply line to the Chinese Nationalists. Many of the Chinese troops were forced either to retreat to India or in small parties to
18623:
15490:
15462:
14606:
13244:
Selden, Mark (2008). "A Forgotten Holocaust: US Bombing Strategy, the Destruction of Japanese Cities & the American Way of War from World War II to Iraq'".
17528:
16207:
15894:
15028:
3580:
had been damaged at Coral Sea and was believed by Japanese naval intelligence to have been sunk. She would sortie for Midway after just three days of repairs.
1194:
6602:
from 29 April 1946 to 12 November 1948 tried those accused of the most serious war crimes. Military tribunals were also held throughout Asia and the Pacific.
16510:
15873:
15182:
14807:
1652:
1295:
3877:, one of the only two battles in the Pacific War during which battleships fought each other; two US admirals were killed and two Japanese battleships sunk.
18653:
18160:
15523:
15469:
14655:
7987:
3896:
and withdrew in February 1943. In the six-month war of attrition, the Japanese had lost as a result of failing to commit enough forces in sufficient time.
6436:
the US Army alone, suggesting Japanese naval casualties were not included. His figure for Japanese "battle dead" in China was 126,000 in the same period.
4804:. The four Japanese air strikes involved 373 carrier aircraft, of which 130 returned to the carriers. Many of these survivors were subsequently lost when
3873:. However, the two IJN carriers had to retire to home waters. From 12 to 15 November, Japanese and American surface ships engaged in night actions in the
2094:(1945–52), these terms were prohibited in official documents (although their informal usage continued). The war became officially known as the Pacific War
19106:
15980:
15476:
15092:
1109:
11678:
3413:
Combined Fleet reached a compromise. Yamamoto got his Midway operation, but only after he had threatened to resign. In return, Yamamoto had to allocate
2672:
in early 1940; however, due to its low military-industrial capacity, it was repulsed in late March 1940. In August 1940, Chinese communists launched an
14502:
13116:
11488:
7276:
6627:
5960:
Britain incurred 90,332 casualties, of whom 29,968 were killed, 12,433 as prisoners of war. The Japanese captured a total of 50,016 POWs from Britain.
5761:
The effects of the American air and naval attacks, two atomic bombings, and the Soviet entry were profound. On 10 August 1945, Japanese Prime Minister
3787:
at Rabaul, quickly sailed to engage the Allied force off the coast of Guadalcanal. On the night of 8–9 August, Mikawa's quick response resulted in the
1454:
1387:
10096:
6566:
15866:
15313:
15189:
5560:
781:
11357:, and 133 BA-6/BA-10 armored cars. This does not include tanks that only sustained light to moderate damage, or ones lost due to mechanical failure.
11326:
9636:
2537:, seeking raw materials to fuel its growing industrial economy. By 1937, Japan controlled Manchuria and it was ready to move deeper into China. The
19252:
17906:
15166:
14546:
8877:
6519:
6047:
2,121,000 men, mostly against either the Americans (1.1+ million), or against Chinese factions (500,000+). The losses were broken down as follows:
4057:
3636:
was put in a difficult tactical situation. After quick deliberation, he opted for a delayed but better-prepared attack on the American task force.
1288:
8630:
7443:: 5,698 Australian casualties prior to January 1943, 17,107 between January 1943 and April 1944, and ~4,000 from April 1944 to the end of the war.
4733:
18187:
15603:
14915:
11400:
8110:
7666:
5378:
and four of the destroyers. Mass Kamikaze attacks intensified during the following three months, with 5,500 sorties being flown by the Japanese.
4470:. In February 1944, the Japanese mounted a local counter-attack in Arakan. After early Japanese success, this counter-attack was defeated in the
3307:
and the Philippines were later added. The council never had any direct operational control, and any decisions it made were referred to the US-UK
3122:
in Manipur, abandoning most of their transport and equipment. They reached Imphal in May just as the monsoon descended, which halted operations.
2872:
4255:
On 22 November 1943 US President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and ROC Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, met in
19283:
17658:
15422:
14724:
11987:
3027:
1165:
17421:
3813:, sinking one Japanese cruiser and one destroyer for the loss of one destroyer. During the night of 13 October, two Japanese fast battleships
3078:. On 23 February, a bridge over the river was demolished prematurely, stranding most of an Indian division. On 8 March, the Japanese occupied
2395:
1824:
954:
16214:
16177:
16154:
15675:
14597:
14567:
14009:
6836:
Chihaya went on to note that when the IJN belatedly improved its ASW methods, the US submarine force responded by increasing Japanese losses.
6682:
3933:
and advanced southward in three columns, attempting again to cross the Miluo River to reach Changsha. In January 1942, Chinese forces scored
15929:
7427:
Kevin Blackburn, Karl Hack. “Forgotten Captives in Japanese-Occupied Asia”. 2007. Page 4. British Empire POWs are given a death rate of 25%.
5344:
The first major Japanese counterattack occurred on 6 and 7 April, in the form of attacks by kamikaze aircraft and a naval operation, called
4879:
into the Philippine Sea, turn southwards, and then attack the landing area. The Southern Force would strike at the landing area through the
4025:
to Arakan from Central Burma and attacked the 14th Indian Division's exposed left flank, overrunning several units. The headquarters of the
19124:
17918:
17797:
16307:
16163:
16147:
16119:
15367:
14574:
11576:
10656:
2379:
1996:
in Asia and the Pacific and had its sovereignty limited to the four main home islands and other minor islands as determined by the Allies.
9888:
9629:
The Joint Army-Navy Assessment Committee (February 1947), Transcribed and formatted for HTML by Larry Jewell & Patrick Clancey (ed.),
7784:
4890:
on 23 October, two American submarines attacked it, resulting in the loss of two heavy cruisers with another crippled. After entering the
2729:, with around 5,000 raids from February 1938 to August 1943 in the later case. Japan's strategic bombing campaigns killed 260,000–350,934
19257:
18643:
18574:
17064:
16131:
16043:
15987:
15950:
15232:
11679:"U.S. Prisoners of War and Civilian American Citizens Captured and Interned by Japan in World War II: The Issue of Compensation by Japan"
10818:
8450:
8013:
4894:
on 24 October, Center Force was assaulted by American carrier aircraft, forcing another heavy cruiser to retire. The Americans then sank
4684:
4518:
4379:
to patrol areas, reducing their effectiveness, and Nimitz relied on submarines for close surveillance of enemy bases. The standard-issue
3687:
having been destroyed, Japan's offensive power was blunted. Early on the morning of 5 June, the Japanese cancelled the Midway operation.
1177:
14001:
13222:"A Forgotten Holocaust: US Bombing Strategy, the Destruction of Japanese Cities & the American Way of War from World War II to Iraq"
11437:
11208:
5913:
According to historian Mitsuyoshi Himeta, at least 2.7 million civilians died during the "kill all, loot all, burn all" operation (
5898:
led to starvation deaths of 2 to 3 million people, Guangdong famine caused more than 3 million people to flee or die, and the
4005:
In the aftermath of the Japanese conquest of Burma, there was widespread disorder and pro-Independence agitation in eastern India and a
18028:
18016:
16036:
14768:
10596:
6788:
5490:. The attention of the Allies then switched back to the central east coast, with the last major amphibious assault of World War II, at
4883:, while the Northern Force would lure the main American covering forces away from Leyte. Japanese carriers embarked just 108 aircraft.
4683:
were used extensively by the US military as they finally put mainland Japan within round-trip range of American B-29s. Japanese forces
3825:
bombarded Henderson Field. The airfield was temporarily disabled but quickly returned to service. On 26 October, the Japanese carriers
3736:, near the eastern tip of New Guinea. They were beaten back by Allied forces, the first defeat of the war for Japanese forces on land.
3253:
2626:, and Soviet aid to China ended as a result of the signing of the Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact. In September 1940, Japan decided to
2453:
1880:
1606:
1534:
1026:
876:
9910:
5691:
In late 1945, the Soviets launched a series of successful invasions of northern Japanese territories, in preparation for the possible
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featured a force of 60 ships led by two carriers, and 250 aircraft. However, the actual battle did not go according to plan; although
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In January, Japan invaded British Burma, the Dutch East Indies, New Guinea, the Solomon Islands and captured Manila, Kuala Lumpur and
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in March. Japanese submarine scouting lines that were supposed to be in place along the Hawaiian Islands were not completed on time.
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1979:
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1,691 were captured, of whom 273 died as POWs, for a total of 567 dead. Eight Royal Australian Navy warships were sunk: 3 cruisers (
4776:. The few Japanese attackers that managed to reach the US fleet in a staggered sequence encountered massive anti-aircraft fire with
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became commander in chief of the Indian Army and revitalised its administration and training establishments. The British and Indian
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The American carriers also launched a strike with incomplete reconnaissance, and only located and sank the light aircraft carrier
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On 19 June, a series of Japanese carrier air strikes were shattered by strong American defenses. The result was later dubbed the
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4800:. The next day, the Japanese carrier force was subjected to an American carrier air attack and suffered the loss of the carrier
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18054:
16489:
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7893:, at the Thailand Information Center, Chulalongkorn University, p. 12) indicates that only about 2,000 Thai died in air raids."
6580:
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309:
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4485:, into India in mid-March. Lieutenant General Slim, commanding Fourteenth Army, and his forward commander, Lieutenant General
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13080:"Firebombs Over Tokyo America's 1945 attack on Japan's capital remains undeservedly obscure alongside Hiroshima and Nagasaki"
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United Nations, Economic and Social Council, Report of the Working Group for Asia and the Far East, Supp. 10. 1947 pp. 13–14
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The Nanjing Massacre is the most infamous example of Japanese atrocities against civilians during the war. According to the
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As the war turned against Japan, IJN submarines increasingly served to resupply strongholds which had been cut off, such as
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15776:
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13713:. University of Chicago Press, 1958. Official history; Vol. 4, The Pacific: Guadalcanal to Saipan, August 1942 to July 1944
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5795:. However, as Imperial Japan actually surrendered on 15 August, this day became known in the English-speaking countries as
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4462:(NCAC), commanded by the American Joseph Stilwell, began extending the Ledo Road from India into northern Burma, while the
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By 1941 the conflict had become a stalemate. Although Japan had occupied much of northern, central, and coastal China, the
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British and Japanese Military Leadership in the Far Eastern War, 1941–1945 Volume 17 of Military History and Policy Series
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kept as prisoners. 1–2 million deaths occurred in French Indochina during the Japanese occupation, mostly due to the
4839:
The loss at the Philippine Sea left the Japanese with two choices: an all-out offensive or allow the Americans to cut the
4009:, causing up to 3 million deaths. Wavell (commander-in-chief in India) was eager to mount counterattacks into Burma.
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The main Japanese landings on Luzon took place on 22 and 24 December. As the Japanese troops converged on Manila, General
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5247:. From mid-June 1944, Iwo Jima came under American air and naval bombardment, until the days leading up to the invasion.
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attempted to forestall the main Allied attack by withdrawing their troops behind the Irrawaddy River. Lieutenant General
5043:
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and put her out of action. Later in the afternoon, aircraft from the two remaining American carriers found and destroyed
2262:
1946:
1804:
1182:
847:
7889:(a typescript entitled 'The Negotiations Leading to the Cessation of a State of War with Great Britain' and filed under
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3971:, commander of the Imperial Japanese 11th Army, deployed around 100,000 troops to attack Changde. During the seven-week
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5641:. More than 140,000–240,000 people died as a direct result of these two bombings. The necessity of the atomic bombings
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142:
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4525:. By the time campaigning ceased during the monsoon, the Northern Combat Area Command had secured a vital airfield at
3592:
3555:
2603:. In addition, the Japanese had failed to destroy the Chinese army, who continued to resist from their new capital in
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A young Chinese girl from a Japanese 'comfort battalion' being interviewed by a British officer. Rangoon, Burma, 1945
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4700:
3303:, and representatives from Britain, China, Australia, the Netherlands, New Zealand, and Canada. Representatives from
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defend the Philippines were the ground troops, a few fighter aircraft, about 30 submarines, and a few small vessels.
3031:
2491:
2468:
2155:
1679:
1440:
540:
272:
14713:
13079:
5125:, establishing airfields used to support the offensive into Central Burma. The Chinese Expeditionary Force captured
3892:" from the multitude of ships sunk. However, the Allies were much better able to replace these losses. The Japanese
2529:
Victims of the Nanjing Massacre, where between 200,000-300,000 civilians and POWs were murdered by the Japanese Army
1961:. The Japanese achieved great success in the initial phase of the campaign, but were gradually driven back using an
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Modern China's Ethnic Frontiers: A Journey to the West Volume 67 of Routledge Studies in the Modern History of Asia
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6557:"—200,000 women and girls, mostly from Korea and China, who were forced to serve in Japanese military camps.
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5800:
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disastrously inadequate supplies, and in March he had asked that a plan to capture Rangoon by an amphibious force,
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plan and execute such a complex operation in the space of 90 days was indicative of Allied logistical superiority.
4069:
3846:
3721:
3178:
2371:
2367:
2191:
1476:
1392:
767:
38:
15338:
8482:
7082:), 543,000 Korean civilian deaths (mostly due to Japanese forced labor projects), 2,000–8,000 Thai civilian deaths
5570:. Japanese industrial production plunged as nearly half of the built-up areas of 67 cities were destroyed by B-29
2219:
1814:
119:
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3343:
3213:
at Tarsau, in Thailand in 1943. 22,000 Australians were captured by the Japanese; 8,000 died as prisoners of war.
2760:
2558:
2292:
2167:
1971:
1899:
1789:
1726:
1575:
1558:
1092:
17688:
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5133:. The Ledo Road was completed, linking India and China, but too late in the war to have any significant effect.
4308:
1809:
19212:
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18135:
17505:
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5359:
5147:
During February, the Fourteenth Army secured bridgeheads across the Irrawaddy. On 1 March, mechanised units of
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4341:
4191:
3800:
3613:
3543:
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time zones). The locations of this first wave of Japanese attacks included the American territories of Hawaii,
2669:
2534:
2300:
2266:
2174:. The British Empire was also a major belligerent consisting of British troops along with colonial troops from
1903:
1738:
1406:
1367:
1019:
1009:
446:
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had broken it. The Japanese promptly changed it, and the new code was not broken again by OP-20-G until 1943.
3287:. On 8 June 1942, two Japanese submarines briefly shelled Sydney's eastern suburbs and the city of Newcastle.
2565:, but, after three months of fighting, Shanghai fell. The Japanese continued to push the Chinese forces back,
2463:
In the Pacific, the Allies divided operational control of their forces between two supreme commands, known as
19139:
18569:
18484:
18474:
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6448:
5891:
5807:. MacArthur then went to Tokyo to oversee the occupation of Japan (from 28 August 1945 to 28 April 1952, the
5713:
5239:
The American operation ("Operation Detachment") to capture the island involved three Marine divisions of the
4688:
4388:
4026:
4021:
3795:
3459:
3153:
wrecked every major airfield and virtually annihilated American air power. The previous month, a part of the
2972:
2853:
2781:
2755:
In an effort to discourage Japanese militarism, Western powers including Australia, the US, Britain, and the
2653:
2464:
2383:
2336:
2222:
also took part in resistance operations in Indochina. Some active pro-allied guerrillas in Asia included the
1935:
1702:
1684:
1209:
934:
10896:
Army Battle Casualties and Nonbattle Deaths in World War II. Final Report, 7 December 1941–31 December 1946,
10093:
7034:
Malaria was the most dangerous disease in the Pacific War. 500,000 American soldiers contracted the disease.
6897:
107,903 battle deaths (not including deaths by accidents or disease), 208,333 wounded and 14,473 living POWs
6542:". Around 1,536 US civilians died in Japanese internment camps, compared to 883 in German internment camps.
5429:
which was the last major Japanese stronghold in South China. In August 1945, Chinese forces retook Guangxi.
4962:
On 15 December 1944 landings against minimal resistance took place on the southern beaches of the island of
3194:
In late 1941, as the Japanese struck at Pearl Harbor, most of Australia's best forces were committed in the
2710:. Conflicts between Chinese Communist and Nationalist forces vying for territory control behind enemy lines
19119:
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14791:
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14022:. Australia in the War of 1939–1945. Series 1 – Army. Vol. 5. Canberra: Australian War Memorial.
12830:. Australia in the War of 1939–1945. Series 1 – Army. Vol. 7. Canberra: Australian War Memorial.
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11302:
10593:"Potsdam Declaration: Proclamation Defining Terms for Japanese Surrender Issued, at Potsdam, July 26, 1945"
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1770:
1570:
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959:
864:
815:
494:
135:
20:
12069:
Ch'i, Hsi-Sheng (1992). "The Military Dimension, 1942–1945". In James C. Hsiung; Steven I. Levine (eds.).
11822:
Asada, Sadao (1998). "The Shock of the Atomic Bomb and Japan's Decision to Surrender: A Reconsideration".
10295:
Robert S. Burrell, "Breaking the Cycle of Iwo Jima Mythology: A Strategic Study of Operation Detachment",
2634:. On 27 September Japan signed a military alliance with Germany and Italy, becoming one of the three main
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Japanese Monograph no. 154: Record of Operations against Soviet Russia, Eastern Front August 1945, p. 39.
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10957:
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Soviets were no longer willing to act as an intermediary for a negotiated settlement on favorable terms.
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3103:
2673:
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6515:. The Three Alls Policy was responsible for the deaths of more than 2.7 million Chinese civilians.
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5038:
and Mindoro (the fifth-largest and westernmost Philippine island) on 28 February 1945, with landings at
4420:
In mid-1944 Japan mobilized over 500,000 men and launched an operation across China under the code name
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Allies against the Rising Sun: The United States, the British Nations, and the Defeat of Imperial Japan
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wrote that a Soviet invasion of Japan was never likely because they had insufficient naval capability.
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After an intense seven-day bombardment the main landings on Okinawa took place on 1 April 1945, on the
5179:
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4000:
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3729:
3046:
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Meanwhile, Japanese aircraft had all but eliminated Allied air power in Southeast Asia and were making
2538:
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2363:
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1563:
1541:
1204:
1033:
1004:
888:
280:
180:
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In November 1943 US Marines sustained high casualties when they overwhelmed the 4,500-strong garrison
1794:
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18713:
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12733:. Translated by Wen Ha-hsiung (2nd ed.). Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China: Chung Wu Publishing.
12019:
8297:
6004:
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5027:
4769:
4652:
4203:
4163:
4081:
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4049:
4013:
3941:
3934:
3296:
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2756:
2657:
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2040:
1958:
1580:
1546:
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287:
18902:
18192:
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13711:
The Army Air Forces in World War II. Vol. 1, Plans and Early Operations, January 1939 to August 1942
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5182:
across the Sittaung River during June and July to rejoin the Burma Area Army which had regrouped in
3616:, which was the plan to seize two islands in the Aleutians, concurrently with the attack on Midway.
26:"War in the Pacific" redirects here. For the war between Chile, Bolivia, and Peru in 1879–1884, see
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The Turn of the Tide in the Pacific War: Strategic Initiative, Intelligence, and Command, 1941–1943
12544:
Ripples of Battle: How Wars of the Past Still Determine How We Fight, How We Live, and How We Think
10929:
7630:
6713:
6700:
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5326:
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4950:, supported by naval and air bombardment, landed on the favorable eastern shore of Leyte, north of
4947:
4463:
4333:. The Dutch lost five submarines due to Japanese attack or minefields, and the British lost three.
3810:
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2520:
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1993:
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on 1 May. This was followed on 1 June by simultaneous assaults in the northwest, on the island of
4959:
supply Leyte. Although fierce fighting continued on Leyte for months, the US Army was in control.
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Within hours of Pearl Harbor, in retribution against Japan, Roosevelt promulgated a new doctrine:
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Japan's Comfort Women: Sexual Slavery and Prostitution During World War II and the US Occoupation
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11310:
11281:
10983:
10653:
7355:
7048:; 0.5 to 1 million Filipino civilian deaths; 91,000 to 1,000,000 Burmese civilian deaths; 50,000
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5426:
5403:
5288:
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Bibliography of World War II battles and campaigns in East Asia, South East Asia and the Pacific
12132:
Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492–2015
10894:
Statistical and Accounting Branch, Office of the Adjutant General, U.S. Department of the Army,
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5945:
2641:
2618:. They were defeated in the Battle of Khalkhin Gol by a mixed Soviet and Mongolian force led by
2141:
1514:
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Penang At War: A History of Penang During and Between the First and Second World Wars 1914–1945
11505:
Figures were compiled by the Relief Bureau of the Ministry of Health and Welfare in March 1964.
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6717:
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5487:
5446:
5425:. Afterwards, Chinese forces retook Hunan and Hubei in South China. Chinese launched a counter
5201:
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3414:
3082:. The allies then tried to defend Central Burma, with Indian and Burmese divisions holding the
3038:
2891:
2883:
2684:
2479:
2331:. Also involved were members of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere, which included the
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2022:
1942:
1907:
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360:
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The First Team and the Guadalcanal Campaign: Naval Fighter Combat from August to November 1942
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Warfare and Armed Conflicts – A Statistical Reference to Casualty and Other Figures, 1500–2000
5463:, attacked Japanese forces occupying the island. Allied naval and air forces, centered on the
4910:
3094:. On 16 April, 7,000 British soldiers were encircled by the Japanese 33rd Division during the
2680:" ("Kill all, Burn all, Loot all") in occupied areas, killing at least 2.7 million civilians.
33:"Pacific theater of World War II" redirects here. For the US military area of operations, see
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Retrieved 25 July 2015; Major British Warship Losses in World War II. Retrieved 25 July 2015.
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Towards the end of the war as strategic bombing became more important, a new command for the
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Stevens, Keith (March 2005). "A token operation: 204 military mission to China, 1941–1945".
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on 7 December 1941, which brought the contained war in China into the wider global conflict.
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was cancelled, and the Japanese were forced to abandon their attempts to isolate Australia.
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in late February and early March, the IJN defeated the main ABDA naval force, under Admiral
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13902:
13880:
13741:
McArthur's Coalition: US and Australian operations in the Southwest Pacific Area, 1942–1945
12228:
War, Nation, Memory: International Perspectives on World War II in School History Textbooks
9914:
9632:
Japanese Naval and Merchant Shipping Losses During World War II by All Causes NAVEXOS P-468
7876:
E. Bruce Reynolds, "Aftermath of Alliance: The Wartime Legacy in Thai-Japanese Relations",
6024:
5751:
5739:
5579:
5399:
5252:
5155:, throwing the Japanese into disarray. While the Japanese attempted to recapture Meiktila,
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5039:
4826:
4785:
4761:: 15 fleet carriers and 956 aircraft. The clash was the largest carrier battle in history.
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4522:
4440:
4429:
4175:
4167:
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3598:
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were heavy and the Japanese were unable to support a landing on Port Moresby. As a result,
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explodes on 8 May 1942, several hours after being damaged by a Japanese carrier air attack.
3437:
3237:
2764:
2726:
2646:
1775:
1199:
1187:
1075:
881:
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civilian deaths; and hundreds of thousands of Malayan, Pacific and other civilian deaths.
3809:. In October, US forces successfully challenged the Japanese in night fighting during the
3252:, the first time the Australian mainland had been attacked. Over the following 19 months,
3236:
in which around 15,000 Australian soldiers became prisoners of war. Curtin predicted the "
3106:, the Japanese captured Toungoo after a severe battle and sent motorised units to capture
110:
8:
19076:
19023:
18996:
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17809:
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17362:
17240:
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15852:
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15145:
14975:
14959:
14908:
11650:
9335:"Chinese Victory: Changteh is Lost and Won in Battle Called Most Decisive in Three Years"
7547:
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7492:
Kevin Blackburn, Karl Hack. “Forgotten Captives in Japanese-Occupied Asia”. 2007. Page 4.
7440:
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5587:
5553:
5456:
4758:
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4475:
4453:
4187:
4171:
4155:
4145:
4141:
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3929:, the Japanese 3rd, 6th, and 40th Divisions, a total of around 120,000 troops, massed at
3869:
in September, meant that US carrier strength in the region was reduced to a single ship,
3733:
3696:
3659:, remained operational, and launched an immediate counterattack. Both of her attacks hit
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struck the invasion force. The element of surprise was lost due to the success of Allied
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1989:
1931:
1829:
1709:
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1070:
944:
632:
265:
34:
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14070:
6042:, codenamed Operation Meetinghouse, which killed an estimated 100,000 people, March 1945
4501:
As many Japanese had feared, their inadequate lines of communication and the failure of
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18804:
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14205:
History of U.S. Marine Corps Operations in World War II. Vol. 3, Central Pacific Drive.
13978:
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13671:
13555:
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12957:
12455:
11981:
11839:
8794:
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6507:
During the Pacific War, Japanese soldiers killed millions of non-combatants, including
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stated that, if Japan did not surrender, it would face "prompt and utter destruction".
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were crushed. The strategy of holding overextended island garrisons was fully exposed.
4586:
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fought a stubborn rearguard action in New Guinea, against a Japanese advance along the
3488:
3271:
3183:
2948:
2785:
2749:
2597:
2562:
2456:. US sources refer to two theaters within the Pacific War: the Pacific theater and the
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1985:
1975:
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1221:
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27:
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Originally Published in Esprit de Corp Magazine, Volume 9 Issue 4 and Volume 9 Issue 5
11256:
8684:
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8500:
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6590:. American soldiers are alleged to have committed rapes during the Battle of Okinawa.
5310:
The largest and bloodiest battle fought by the Americans against the Japanese came at
4868:
4513:
Although the advance in Arakan had been halted to release troops and aircraft for the
2699:
and saboteur activities in northern and eastern China behind the Japanese front line.
1902:
had been in progress since 7 July 1937, with hostilities dating back to 1931 with the
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13752:
13749:
Fighting in World War II: The Battles Between American and Japanese Aircraft Carriers
13726:
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had US destroyers fighting at sea, but no state of war had been declared by Congress.
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5914:
5743:
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5541:
5486:
and the coast of Brunei. A week later the Australians attacked Japanese positions in
5306:
US Marines pass a dead Japanese soldier in a destroyed village on Okinawa, April 1945
5279:
5168:
4933:
4773:
4642:
4421:
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both proved defective and were not corrected until September 1943. Before the war, a
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on 31 January 1942, and then drove outnumbered British and Indian troops towards the
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964:
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893:
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295:
173:
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14198:
History of U.S. Marine Corps Operations in World War II. Vol. 2, Isolation of Rabaul
13135:
12764:
Rays of the Rising Sun: Japan's Asian Allies 1931–1945 Volume 1: China and Manchukuo
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5141:
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14180:
Sinking of the SS Automedon And the Role of the Japanese Navy: A New Interpretation
13807:
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13339:
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13141:
12949:
12447:
12397:
12214:
11903:
11831:
10441:
10439:
7848:
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460,000 Japanese civilian deaths (338,000 in the bombings of Japan, 100,000 in the
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6647:
6508:
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5655:
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in Northern New Guinea in April 1943, which was followed in June to October by the
3957:
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of a Japanese airfield under construction at Guadalcanal. On 7 August 1942, 16,000
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3210:
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on the United States and the British Empire on 7 December (8 December in
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1524:
1502:
1155:
983:
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276:
19202:
14671:
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14133:
Storm Over Leyte: The Philippine Invasion and the Destruction of the Japanese Navy
14017:
12825:
12359:
Kaigun: Strategy, Tactics, and Technology in the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1887–1941
8795:"An Abandoned Army – The KNIL and The Japanese Invasion of Northern Dutch Sumatra"
8732:
7324:
5437:
5092:
5008:
4998:
4772:, which interpreted the flow of radar data and radioed interception orders to the
4573:
to Burma. In 1943–44, Allied forces in the Solomons began driving relentlessly to
4281:
US submarines, as well as some British and Dutch vessels, operating from bases at
4259:, Egypt, to discuss a strategy to defeat Japan. The meeting was also known as the
3720:
towards Port Moresby. The militia were relieved in late August by troops from the
3232:
Australia had been shocked by the speed of the collapse of British Malaya and the
1375:
19247:
18952:
18874:
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18267:
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10307:
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8706:
8064:
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6527:
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Emperor Hirohito, The Voice of the Crane: The Imperial Rescript of 15 August 1945
5629:
5583:
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5256:
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1313:
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605:
460:
421:
18869:
17626:
10436:
4608:: a decisive fleet action that would be fought somewhere from the Palaus to the
19:
This article is about the Pacific theaters of World War II. For other uses, see
19197:
19091:
18917:
18907:
18764:
18728:
18150:
17833:
17521:
17057:
16983:
15035:
14894:
13767:
13650:; 384 pp; highly detailed description of wartime IJA by U.S. Army Intelligence.
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12781:
10520:
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8763:
8653:
7411:
7312:
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6576:
5954:
5922:
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being held in deteriorating conditions. At one of the very worst sites, around
5468:
5321:
The Japanese troops defending Okinawa, under the command of Lieutenant General
5311:
5122:
5035:
5031:
4979:
4975:
4880:
4872:
4777:
4754:
4482:
3968:
3926:
3780:
3633:
3383:
3267:, which would put Northern Australia within range of Japanese bomber aircraft.
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2576:
2282:
2187:
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11425:"World War II: The Defensive Phase", US Army Center of Military History, p. 87
10729:
7503:/book/chapter5_10_1.html#5_10_51 "Russia and USSR in Wars of the 20th Century"
6819:
5351:
5214:
on 23 February 1945, depicts six United States Marines raising a US flag atop
3759:
US Marines rest in the field during the Guadalcanal campaign in November 1942.
3118:. Accompanied by large numbers of civilian refugees, the British retreated to
19272:
18723:
18444:
18434:
18262:
18227:
17332:
15257:
15106:
14945:
12738:
11569:"BBC – History – World Wars: Nuclear Power: The End of the War Against Japan"
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6554:
6539:
6020:
5843:
5475:
and the US Thirteenth Air Force also played important roles in the campaign.
5302:
5244:
5211:
5118:
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5058:
4991:
4967:
4903:
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4183:
4096:
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3469:
3394:
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3323:
3304:
3300:
3240:" would soon follow. The Japanese established a major base in the Australian
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2945:
2730:
2619:
2483:
2427:
2239:
2179:
1864:
550:
374:
319:
232:
18824:
13932:
Nationalist China at War: Military Defeats and Political Collapse, 1937–1945
13477:
Empires in the Balance: Japanese and Allied Pacific Strategies to April 1942
12438:
Garthoff, Raymond L. (1969). "The Soviet Manchurian Campaign, August 1945".
12283:
Dennis, Peter; Grey, Jeffrey; Morris, Ewan; Prior, Robin; Bou, Jean (2008).
12205:
Coox, Alvin (1973). "The Lake Khasan Affair of 1938: Overview and Lessons".
10844:
5953:
Between the Malayan Campaign (130,000 discounting some 20,000 Australians),
4625:
4478:
divisions of XV Corps stood firm, relying on supplies dropped by parachute.
4048:(SEAC) to take over strategic responsibilities for Burma and India from the
3386:
occurred in April 1942, where 16 bombers took off from the aircraft carrier
1432:
18320:
18197:
17694:
17631:
17435:
15735:
15640:
15271:
14634:
14398:
14114:
Islands of Destiny: The Solomons Campaign and the Eclipse of the Rising Sun
14027:
13832:
13647:
13272:
13056:
13009:
Taierzhuang 1938 – Stalingrad 1942: Insight into a blind spot of WW2 Series
12845:
Science and the Pacific War: Science and Survival in the Pacific, 1939–1945
12835:
12676:
Concerning the Three Alls Strategy/Three Alls Policy By the Japanese Forces
12354:
12074:
10157:
9300:
9209:
7610:
Science and the Pacific War: Science and Survival in the Pacific, 1939–1945
7506:
6950:
6815:
6619:
5803:
was signed on 2 September 1945. The surrender was accepted by MacArthur as
5567:
5464:
5383:
4852:
4647:
On 12 March 1944, the Joint Chiefs of Staff directed the occupation of the
4349:
4073:
3893:
3740:
3620:
3449:
3359:
3264:
2825:
2707:
2668:. After these victories, Chinese nationalist forces launched a large-scale
2631:
2623:
2417:
2413:
2405:
2340:
2026:
1966:
1954:
1868:
1860:
1465:
1326:
1134:
1129:
1043:
645:
589:
323:
237:
57:
18894:
18511:
14067:
Pacific War and Contingent Victory: Why Japanese Defeat Was Not Inevitable
13811:
13145:
11907:
9661:
5528:
American B-29 Superfortresses drop incendiary bombs over the port city of
5002:
US troops approaching Japanese positions near Baguio, Luzon, 23 March 1945
4982:, 40 miles (64 km) northwest of Manila, in the last week of January.
3397:
and a line of converted trawlers patrolling the vast waters that separate
2592:
the Japanese in May. In June 1938, Japan deployed about 350,000 troops to
18521:
17270:
17256:
16918:
15594:
15415:
15400:
14223:
14210:
13165:
Project Hula: Secret Soviet-American Cooperation in the War Against Japan
11953:
Boog, Horst; Rahn, Werner; Stumpf, Reinhard; Wegner, Bernd, eds. (2001).
11749:
10324:
8874:"In office – John Curtin – Australia's PMs – Australia's Prime Ministers"
7886:
7797:
7787:
Retrieved 5/26/23. Approximately 20,000 in combat and 30,000 operational.
7006:
6964:
6936:
6657:
6511:, from surrounding nations. At least 20 million Chinese died during
5887:
5866:
5861:
5571:
5563:
was created to oversee all US strategic bombing in the hemisphere, under
5114:
5020:
4891:
4695:
against Japanese cities of military and industrial importance, including
4353:
4294:
4092:
4076:, its training, morale and health greatly improved. The American General
3625:
3398:
3351:
3225:
3199:
2876:
2789:
2635:
2320:
2175:
1950:
1507:
820:
569:
520:
404:
13907:
The Fleet at Flood Tide: The U.S. at Total War in the Pacific, 1944–1945
10521:
National Revolutionary Army Order of Battle for the Battle of West Hunan
9628:
8935:"Remembering the war in New Guinea – Were the Japanese going to invade?"
7316:
5590:, which outlined the terms of surrender for Japan as agreed upon at the
5502:
in Borneo, only six of 2,500 British and Australian prisoners survived.
4990:
resulted in over 100,000 civilian deaths and was the scene of the worst
4505:'s gamble on an early victory meant that their troops starved. Once the
2975:
on 1 January 1942, the Allied governments appointed the British General
2941:
2804:
Germany; the Soviet Union was seen as unlikely to commence hostilities.
18769:
18385:
16625:
16378:
16357:
15250:
14583:
14511:
14345:
13869:
12639:
12459:
11843:
11543:
Chapter 3. LIT Verlag Münster-Hamburg-Berlin-Wien-London-Zürich (1999)"
11354:
9957:
9571:
8486:
5621:
5410:
4887:
4064:
and immediately took measures to address the famine in Bengal. General
3821:
3684:
3347:
3170:
3139:
3111:
3099:
3071:
2955:
2542:
2478:(IJN) did not integrate its units into permanent theater commands. The
2243:
1497:
1487:
217:
18678:
13479:(reprint, 1982 ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
11974:
Selected Papers from the Citadel Conference on War and Diplomacy: 1978
10237:
10235:
10233:
10231:
5964:
the Bengal famine and 0.25 to 1 million deaths in British Burma.
5069:
to attack targets throughout the Philippines and the South China Sea.
4831:
4135:
3202:
called for American support with an announcement on 27 December 1941:
2928:
Thailand, with its territory already serving as a springboard for the
2916:
2645:
Chinese casualties of a mass panic during a June 1941 Japanese aerial
2525:
2004:
1875:. It was geographically the largest theater of the war, including the
19096:
19071:
19066:
18879:
18750:
18683:
18355:
17845:
17761:
17713:
16888:
16293:
16090:
15901:
15699:
15654:
12712:
The Pacific War: The Strategy, Politics, and Players that Won the War
9941:
7852:
7062:
6922:
6637:
6567:
Allied war crimes during World War II § Asia and the Pacific War
6553:
A widely publicized example of institutionalized sexual slavery are "
6030:
5625:
5595:
4533:, which eased the problems of air resupply from India to China over "
4526:
4445:
4085:
3961:
3815:
3713:
3402:
3355:
3205:
2769:
2688:
2604:
2348:
2344:
2274:
2235:
2195:
2043:
to be distinct from the Asiatic-Pacific theater during the conflict.
2025:
during the war, the "Pacific War" was not usually distinguished from
1243:
639:
625:
291:
212:
15175:
13829:
Soldiers of the Sun: The Rise and Fall of the Imperial Japanese Army
12451:
11835:
10708:
10706:
10467:
10200:
10009:
9849:
9833:
5879:
wounded; 335,934 killed and 426,249 wounded in Japanese air attacks.
5455:. In a series of amphibious assaults between 1 May and 21 July, the
4225:
The Allied leaders of the Asian and Pacific Theaters: Generalissimo
3643:
dive bombers surprised and attacked three of the Japanese carriers.
2748:
were noted, IJA officers were openly talking about war, and Admiral
2541:
on 7 July 1937 provoked full-scale war between China and Japan. The
19175:
18608:
18299:
18243:
15159:
14887:
13962:. 4 vols. London: H.M.S.O., 1957–1965. Official Royal Navy history.
13798:
Gordon, David M. (January 2006). "The China-Japan War, 1931–1945".
12323:
In the Service of the Emperor: Essays on the Imperial Japanese Army
10731:
Battlefield S4/E3 – The Battle of Manchuria – The Forgotten Victory
10388:
10352:
10340:
10312:
10262:
10228:
10216:
9137:
8392:
7188:"US Navy Personnel in World War II Service and Casualty Statistics"
6992:
6599:
5771:
5654:
exacted much higher casualties among Japanese civilians. Historian
5646:
5638:
5499:
5295:
5224:
5178:
The Japanese forces which had been bypassed by the Allied advances
5160:
5152:
4951:
4780:. Only one American warship was slightly damaged. On the same day,
4741:
and two destroyers under attack in the Battle of the Philippine Sea
4578:
4534:
4494:
4290:
4221:
4072:
was formed to face the Japanese in Burma. Under Lieutenant General
4034:
2864:, the declaration was not delivered until after the attacks began.
2745:
2687:
had retreated to the interior with a provisional capital set up at
2652:
The war entered a new phase with the defeat of the Japanese at the
615:
508:
159:
18075:
13536:
The War with Japan: The Period of Balance, May 1942 – October 1943
7234:
4629:
US Marines during mopping up operations on Peleliu, September 1944
3990:, Allied Commander-in-Chief in the China theatre from 1942 to 1945
2691:
while the Chinese communists remained in control of base areas in
2515:, Allied Commander-in-Chief in the China theater from 1942 to 1945
79:
18350:
11350:
10703:
9502:
8685:"The Japanese Invasion of Dutch West Timor Island, February 1942"
8583:
8455:
7623:
7163:
US Navy Personnel in World War II Service and Casualty Statistics
5933:
5796:
5634:
5414:
5337:
5126:
4963:
4715:
4570:
4506:
4425:
3953:
3949:
3930:
3908:
3833:
3827:
3091:
2984:
2898:
2860:
signed an armistice and entered an alliance with Japan. Although
2692:
1872:
227:
14351:
14207:
Washington, D.C.: Office of the Chief of Military History, 1953.
13097:
Command of the Sea: The History and Strategy of Maritime Empires
11168:
11111:
3462:
on 3 May, the following day, aircraft from the American carrier
3346:
was planned to expand Japan's strategic depth by adding eastern
2355:(which controlled the coastal regions of China), respectively.
19028:
18202:
15769:
14367:
14316:"The Pacific War Online Encyclopedia" compiled by Kent G. Budge
13967:
We Shall Return: MacArthur's Commanders and the Defeat of Japan
13781:
Nomonhan, 1939: The Red Army's Victory That Shaped World War II
11346:
10076:
10074:
9113:
7020:
6978:
6880:
6716:
since 1937, war was not officially declared. Japan would later
6663:
Pacific Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II
5949:
Indian prisoners of war shot and bayoneted by Japanese soldiers
5907:
5606:
5505:
5451:
The Borneo campaign of 1945 was the last major campaign in the
5315:
5130:
4753:, supplemented by 500 land-based aircraft. Facing them was the
4680:
4676:
4660:
Saipan's southern point, was secured on 27 June. In the north,
4574:
4490:
4282:
4216:
4125:
4017:
3245:
3219:
as to our traditional links or kinship with the United Kingdom.
3119:
3115:
3107:
3079:
3057:
3049:
ended with the surrender of Allied forces on Java and Sumatra.
2933:
2721:
efforts mostly targeted large Chinese cities such as Shanghai,
2288:
2203:
90:
12016:
Creating Military Power: The Sources of Military Effectiveness
11152:
11150:
10778:
10299:
Volume 68, Number 4, October 2004, pp. 1143–1186 and rebuttal
9210:"Battle of Milne Bay from 25 August 1942 to 07 September 1942"
8409:
8407:
8236:
6588:
collected the body parts of dead Japanese soldiers as trophies
4229:, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Winston Churchill meeting at the
2882:
burned for two days after being hit by a Japanese bomb in the
2862:
Japan declared war on the United States and the British Empire
759:
18395:
15957:
14037:
War Plan Orange: The U.S. Strategy to Defeat Japan, 1897–1945
13203:
In a Sea of Bitterness, Refugees during the Sino-Japanese War
11099:
11022:
Meng Guoxiang & Zhang Qinyuan, 1995. "关于抗日战争中我国军民伤亡数字问题".
11003:
11001:
9811:
9809:
9734:
8040:"The Hukbalahap Insurrection: World War II and Huk Expansion"
7144:
6522:, more than 200,000 Chinese civilians were killed, while the
6498:
War crimes in World War II § Crimes perpetrated by Japan
6039:
5903:
5895:
5050:
4971:
4845:
4687:
on Saipan and Tinian from November 1944 to January 1945. The
4582:
4558:
4256:
3367:
3003:
2763:, iron ore, and steel to Japan. In Japan, the government and
2752:
was reported as saying a showdown with the US was necessary.
2722:
1310:
13500:. Annapolis, Maryland: United States Naval Institute Press.
13255:
Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation
12049:
11761:
11486:
10811:"The Voice of the Crane: The Imperial Rescript of 15 Aug 45"
10754:
10071:
9394:
9306:
9252:
9101:
9089:
8768:
Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941–1942
8737:
Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941–1942
8689:
Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941–1942
8658:
Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941–1942
8075:
7896:
7717:
7715:
6530:
killed over 100,000 Filipino civilians. Japan also employed
6483:
A Filipino woman and child killed by Japanese forces in the
4540:
4415:
3014:
14260:
Twilight of the Gods: War in the Western Pacific, 1944–1945
13458:
The Rising Sun: the Decline and Fall of the Japanese Empire
11652:
Judgement: International Military Tribunal for the Far East
11541:
Statistics of Democide: Genocide and Mass Murder since 1900
11342:
11338:
11334:
11147:
10926:
9929:
9312:
9015:
9013:
8844:
8842:
8840:
8712:
8627:"Remembering 1942, The fall of Singapore, 15 February 1942"
8607:
8419:
8404:
7932:
7702:
7700:
7277:
Australia-Japan Research Project, "Dispositions and Deaths"
5610:
The mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki
5529:
5054:
4566:
3747:
finally captured the key Japanese beachhead in early 1943.
3363:
3318:
3311:. Australian and Dutch forces led civilians in a prolonged
2999:
2817:
2793:
14244:
The Conquering Tide: War in the Pacific Islands, 1942–1944
14149:
Prange, Gordon W. Donald Goldstein, and Katherine Dillon.
13703:
The Quiet Warrior: A Biography of Admiral Raymond Spruance
13137:
China's Bloody Century Genocide and Mass Murder Since 1900
12864:
Wuhan, 1938: War, Refugees, and the Making of Modern China
11737:
10998:
10190:
10188:
9806:
9758:
7818:
7806:
6701:
Fighting an undeclared war against Japan since 7 July 1937
5478:
The campaign opened with a landing on the small island of
4481:
The Japanese launched a long-planned offensive, codenamed
4318:, as seen through the periscope of an American submarine,
17689:
States and territories in the sphere of influence of the
14200:. Washington, D.C.: Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps, 1963
14059:
History of United States Naval Operations in World War II
13694:
Master of Seapower: A Biography of Admiral Ernest J. King
13061:
Sunburst: The Rise of Japanese Naval Air Power, 1909–1941
13038:
Shattered Sword: The Untold Story of the Battle of Midway
12423:(reprint, 1995 ed.). Random House Publishing Group.
11519:
11456:
11369:
10790:
10623:
10488:
10486:
10279:
10277:
10252:
10250:
10030:
10028:
9722:
9710:
9475:
9370:
8485:. United States Congress. 8 December 1941. Archived from
8336:"The Effects of Strategic Bombing on Japan's War Economy"
7944:
7830:
7712:
7198:
7196:
7107:
7105:
7103:
6653:
Japanese in the Chinese resistance to the Empire of Japan
5298:. At Okinawa, the kamikazes caused 4,900 American deaths.
4359:
14291:
The Imperial Japanese Army: The Invincible Years 1941–42
13937:
Inoguchi, Rikihei, Tadashi Nakajima, and Robert Pineau.
13751:(New ed.). Jefferson: McFarland & Company Inc.
11853:
Not the Slightest Chance: The Defence of Hong Kong, 1941
11223:
10534:
10133:
9999:
9997:
9995:
9982:
9980:
9978:
9976:
9796:
9794:
9792:
9790:
9788:
9775:
9773:
9698:
9533:
9358:
9264:
9240:
9192:
9190:
9188:
9175:
9173:
9171:
9158:
9156:
9079:
9077:
9075:
9073:
9071:
9056:
9046:
9044:
9042:
9040:
9025:
9010:
8988:
8986:
8984:
8982:
8854:
8837:
8531:"The Kingdom of the Netherlands Declares War with Japan"
8353:
7697:
6860:
These numbers do not include the Royal Netherlands Navy.
6598:
The International Military Tribunal for the Far East in
5441:
Australian soldiers landing at Balikpapan on 7 July 1945
5087:
3903:
2911:
2905:, was beyond the Imperial Japanese Navy's capabilities.
2580:
German-trained Chinese troops in downtown Shanghai, 1937
13852:
Dark Trophies. Hunting and the Enemy Body in Modern War
13314:
World War II on the Web: A Guide to the Very Best Sites
11725:
10937:
10400:
10376:
10364:
10185:
9865:
9821:
9228:
9125:
8813:
8382:
8380:
8014:"World War II and the founding of the Vietnamese state"
7452:
7383:
7381:
7379:
7246:
5932:
of Japan at that time. The war created 95 million
15029:
Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany
14228:
Pacific Crucible: War at Sea in the Pacific, 1941–1942
12421:
The War in the Pacific: From Pearl Harbor to Tokyo Bay
11649:"Chapter VIII: Conventional War Crimes (Atrocities)".
11201:"British Losses & Losses Inflicted on Axis Navies"
11135:
11123:
11037:
11018:
11016:
10766:
10575:
10573:
10483:
10424:
10412:
10274:
10247:
10025:
9521:
9465:
9463:
9288:
9276:
8998:
8431:
8087:
7956:
7768:
7766:
7732:
7730:
7476:
7474:
7193:
7132:
7100:
4970:
operations, in support of major landings scheduled on
4794:
was also sunk by a single torpedo, from the submarine
4190:
group. Landings from September until December secured
4084:, directed aid to China and prepared to construct the
4052:, who headed the British Indian Army. In October 1943
3560:—and believed that the Americans had a maximum of two—
2738:
2569:
in mid-December 1937 and committing atrocities in the
2366:. Collaborationist security units were also formed in
2214:) was also involved. All of these were members of the
13925:
China's Bitter Victory: The War with Japan, 1937–1945
12282:
11786:
The Final Campaign: Marines in the Victory on Okinawa
11755:
11274:
11195:
11193:
11191:
11075:
10901:
10109:
9992:
9973:
9785:
9770:
9610:
9423:
9421:
9185:
9168:
9153:
9068:
9037:
8979:
8224:
8212:
8161:
7968:
4370:, the largest non-nuclear submarines ever constructed
3524:
was left undamaged, aircraft and personnel losses to
2460:(CBI). However, these were not operational commands.
2412:
both had limited involvement in the Pacific War. The
2071:. Japanese officials integrated what they called the
13644:
TM 30-480 Handbook On Japanese Military Forces, 1942
12911:
The Burma Campaign: Disaster into Triumph, 1942–1945
12892:
The Oxford Companion to New Zealand Military History
12644:
Who Actually Fought the Sino-Japanese War 1937–1945?
12481:
American Strategy in World War II: A Reconsideration
12304:
War Without Mercy: Race and Power In the Pacific War
12287:(2nd ed.). Melbourne: Oxford University Press.
11952:
10691:
9406:
9382:
8398:
8377:
8365:
8341:
7908:
7649:
7647:
7437:"New Guinea: The US Army Campaigns of World War II "
7376:
7294:
7282:
6609:
5921:) implemented in May 1942 in north China by general
5065:. These islands provided bases for the US Fifth and
4719:
strategic value of the landings is still contested.
4435:
4410:
3576:
was undergoing repair after a torpedo attack, while
3052:
In March and April, an IJN carrier force launched a
2039:
was widely used. The US Armed Forces considered the
14101:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1976.
13715:. 1950; Vol. 5, The Pacific: Matterhorn to Nagasaki
13420:
Hidden Horrors: Japanese War Crimes in World War II
12650:
12285:
The Oxford Companion to Australian Military History
11713:
11659:
11591:
11468:
11381:
11013:
10570:
10558:
10546:
10455:
10449:
10394:
10358:
10346:
10318:
10268:
10241:
10222:
9460:
9433:
8595:
8137:
8125:
7858:
7763:
7751:
7727:
7471:
7122:
7120:
5171:, which had been abandoned earlier, be reinstated.
4136:
Allied offensives on New Guinea and up the Solomons
3405:, the Japanese east coast was left open to attack.
3370:, and strategic points in the Australian area. The
3165:began executing plans to make a final stand on the
2816:Following prolonged tensions between Japan and the
2502:
351:
13998:Strategic Planning for Coalition Warfare 1941–1942
13670:
13554:
13324:Eagle Against the Sun: The American War with Japan
13117:United States Submarine Operations in World War II
12784:(2010). James C. Hsiung; Steven I. Levine (eds.).
11701:
11188:
9746:
9418:
8279:
8260:
8248:
7920:
7685:
7336:Hara, Tameichi, with Fred Saito and Roger Pineau.
6628:Dissent in the Armed Forces of the Empire of Japan
3034:on 19 February, which killed at least 243 people.
302:Japanese-held islands in the Central Pacific Ocean
14275:A World at Arms: A Global History of World War II
14203:Shaw, Henry, Bernard Nalty, and Edwin Turnbladh.
14108:Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1985.
14094:Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. 1967.
13673:Fire in the Sky: The Air War in the South Pacific
13557:Red Sun Setting: The Battle of the Philippine Sea
13381:China and the Origins of the Pacific War, 1931–41
13030:. Annapolis: United States Naval Institute Press.
12806:Sorry States: Apologies in International Politics
12651:Heinrichs, Waldo H.; Gallicchio, Marc S. (2017).
12148:Cook, Haruko Taya; Cook, Theodore Failor (1993).
12139:Coakley, Robert W.; Leighton, Richard M. (1989).
11994:
11624:"Denial of the Holocaust and the Rape of Nanking"
10984:"Nuclear Power: The End of the War Against Japan"
10654:"Nuclear Power: The End of the War Against Japan"
10156:
8589:
8519:– via Pearl Harbor History Associates, Inc.
8326:, London & New York, Routledge Curzon, p. 85.
8324:Language, Ideology and Japanese History Textbooks
8200:
8149:
7748:Ruas, Óscar Vasconcelos, "Relatório 1946–47", AHU
7644:
7216:"Chapter 10: Loss of the Netherlands East Indies"
7190:, Naval History and Heritage Command, Footnote 2.
5561:United States Strategic Air Forces in the Pacific
5243:, a total of 70,647 troops, under the command of
3709:and New Guinea. From July 1942, a few Australian
3705:Japanese land forces continued to advance in the
3098:and rescued by the Chinese 38th Division, led by
2820:, units of the IJN and IJA launched simultaneous
2712:culminated in a major armed clash in January 1941
2490:during the Second Sino-Japanese War, created the
2314:
19270:
19253:International Military Tribunal for the Far East
13876:. Quantico, Virginia: Marine Corps Assoc., 1959.
13298:. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press.
12166:
11603:
11117:
10523:". China Whampoa Academy Net. 11 September 2007
8579:– via Pearl Harbor History Associates Inc.
8549:– via Pearl Harbor History Associates Inc.
8188:
7117:
6520:International Military Tribunal for the Far East
5902:killed about 7 million Indian civilians in
4835:The four engagements in the Battle of Leyte Gulf
4356:, much to the consternation of its German ally.
4345:and only occasionally attacked US supply lines.
3940:After the Doolittle Raid, the IJA conducted the
3803:, resulting in the sinking of the light carrier
2936:on 19 December, encountering little resistance.
2856:and were resisted for several hours, before the
2614:In 1939, Japanese forces tried to push into the
19223:German pre–World War II industrial co-operation
13885:Neptune's Inferno: The U.S. Navy at Guadalcanal
13517:The Battle Of Leyte Gulf: The Last Fleet Action
12546:(illustrated, reprint ed.). Anchor Books.
12375:
12346:Nomonhan: Japanese-Soviet Tactical Combat, 1939
12138:
12071:China's Bitter Victory: War with Japan, 1937–45
11995:Brecher, Michael; Wilkenfeld, Jonathan (1997).
11305:, 10,495 killed and 21,456 wounded in the 1938
11254:
11087:
11025:
8242:
8182:Forgotten Ally: China's World War II, 1937-1945
8063:
7457:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 66.
7453:Dear, I.C.B; Foot, M.R.D. (2005). "Australia".
7150:
5536:Hard-fought battles on the Japanese islands of
4060:as its Supreme Commander. Wavell was appointed
3279:reached Sydney in late May 1942, when Japanese
2811:
2486:to oversee its occupation of Manchukuo and the
2129:is also used, referring to the period from the
2122:
2103:
2083:
2060:
18212:
13826:
13561:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
13063:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
12971:A War to be Won: Fighting the Second World War
12969:Murray, Williamson; Millett, Allan R. (2001).
12788:(illustrated ed.). Taylor & Francis.
12653:Implacable Foes: War in the Pacific, 1944–1945
12565:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
12226:Crawford, Keith A.; Foster, Stuart J. (2007).
12225:
11301:(12,031 killed and 24,425 wounded in the 1945
11105:
10667:, BBC History) Access date: 11 September 2007.
10585:
7165:, Naval History and Heritage Command, Table 9.
3690:
2424:in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, notably the
2265:of April 1941, until August 1945 when it (and
2249:The Soviet Union fought two short, undeclared
2145:Political map of the Asia-Pacific region, 1939
2116:
2097:
2077:
2052:
18091:
17674:
14383:
14010:United States Army Center of Military History
13361:The Imperial Japanese Navy in the Pacific War
13167:. Washington, D.C.: Naval Historical Center.
13034:
12968:
12695:Studies on the Population of China, 1368–1953
12143:. Washington, DC: Center of Military History.
12013:
11933:
11897:
11401:"Russia and USSR in Wars of the 20th Century"
11156:
10152:
10150:
10148:
10080:
9740:
9119:
9107:
7902:
7321:Major British Warship Losses in World War II.
6683:Wallis and Futuna during the Second World War
5851:shortages, massacres, shelling, and bombing.
4784:was hit by four torpedoes from the submarine
4667:A month after the invasion of Saipan, the US
4209:These landings prepared the way for Nimitz's
4106:
1462:
1448:
1296:
775:
13923:Hsiung, James C. and Steven I. Levine, eds.
13765:
13723:The Battle of Leyte Gulf: 23–26 October 1944
13184:World War II in the Pacific: An Encyclopedia
12731:History of The Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945)
12376:Fairbank, John King; Goldman, Merle (1994).
12352:
12247:Weapons of Mass Destruction: Nuclear weapons
12014:Brooks, Risa; Stanley, Elizabeth A. (2007).
11900:Forgotten Captives in Japanese-Occupied Asia
11245:. 15 August 2005. Retrieved 31 October 2010.
11171:"65th anniversary of Victory over Japan Day"
10648:
10646:
9400:
9258:
9095:
8909:"Remembering the war in New Guinea – Rabaul"
8425:
8413:
8359:
5506:Landings in the Japanese home islands (1945)
4612:. It was in this area that the newly formed
4217:Invasion of the Gilbert and Marshall Islands
2584:In March 1938, Nationalist forces won their
2557:against Japan, and the Soviet Union quickly
2440:Between 1942 and 1945, there were four main
2166:. The US and its territories, including the
18575:Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office
13901:
13879:
13874:Kogun: The Japanese Army in the Pacific War
13552:
13035:Parshall, Jonathan; Tully, Anthony (2005).
12747:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
12244:
11898:Blackburn, Kevin; Hack, Karl, eds. (2007).
10874:. New York: Harper Perennial. p. 675.
10819:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
10808:
10513:
10160:; Kosuge, Margaret; Kibata, Yōichi (2000).
9935:
9815:
9764:
9318:
8866:
8792:
8761:
8682:
8676:
8654:"The capture of Bali Island, February 1942"
7354:
4020:, important for its port and airfield. The
3655:were destroyed. A single Japanese carrier,
3290:
2425:
2090:into the Greater East Asia War. During the
688:Over 4,000,000 soldiers killed (1937–1945)
18098:
18084:
17681:
17667:
14390:
14376:
13296:Invasion of Japan: Alternative to the Bomb
12475:
12167:Corfield, Justin; Corfield, Robin (2012).
12129:
12110:
11986:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
11324:"Soviet Losses in the Khalkhin Gol Battle"
11007:
10784:
10503:
10501:
10145:
9695:新聞記者が語りつぐ戦争 16 中国慰霊 読売新聞社 (1983/2) p. 187.
9589:
9307:Chevrier, Chomiczewski & Garrigue 2004
8898:Cited in Frank Crowley (1973) Vol 2, p. 51
7950:
7836:
7721:
7667:"Vietnam needs to remember famine of 1945"
6789:United Kingdom declaration of war on Japan
5833:American corpses sprawled on the beach of
5046:aided US forces to dispatch the holdouts.
4886:However, after Center Force departed from
4875:. The Center Force would pass through the
4182:to secure a secretly constructed Japanese
3937:, the first Allied success against Japan.
2759:, which controlled the Dutch East Indies,
2396:the overthrow of the French regime in 1945
1945:pitted against Japan, the latter aided by
1455:
1441:
1303:
1289:
782:
768:
18973:Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
18588:Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors
14019:South-West Pacific Area – First Year
13972:
13827:Harries, Meirion; Harries, Susie (1994).
12938:
12894:. Auckland, NZ: Oxford University Press.
12861:
12527:. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers.
12524:Imperial Japan's World War Two: 1931–1945
12506:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
12404:. Stanford University Press. p. 89.
12050:Chevrier; Chomiczewski; Garrigue (2004).
11783:
10643:
10418:
8764:"The conquest of Java Island, March 1942"
8167:
7851:: Chapter 13: Death By American Bombing,
7824:
7350:
7348:
7346:
7208:
7176:Third Report to the Secretary of the Navy
6939:27,000 killed, more than 70,000 prisoners
6883:10 million casualties, 3.8 million deaths
6802:United States declaration of war on Japan
6694:
6643:Japanese-American service in World War II
6140:Sakhalin, the Aleutian, and Kuril Islands
5616:Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
4924:
4541:Beginning of the end in the Pacific, 1944
4416:Japanese counteroffensives in China, 1944
3447:The attack on Port Moresby was codenamed
3248:on 23 January 1942. On 19 February 1942,
2981:American-British-Dutch-Australian Command
2867:
2714:, effectively ending their co-operation.
2327:included the authoritarian government of
1980:atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
1894:The Second Sino-Japanese War between the
18361:National Spiritual Mobilization Movement
17810:Reorganized National Government of China
14015:
13849:
13668:
13584:
13533:
13514:
13493:
13474:
13094:
13028:Japanese Merchant Marine in World War II
12889:
12728:
12617:
12582:Shanghai 1937: Stalingrad on the Yangtze
12437:
12402:The End of the Pacific War: Reappraisals
12185:
12147:
12094:Tidal Wave: From Leyte Gulf to Tokyo Bay
12068:
12036:
11934:Bond, Brian; Tachikawa, Kyoichi (2004).
11855:. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press.
11767:
11257:"Canada at War Against Japan, 1941–1945"
10912:sfn error: no target: CITEREFDower1986 (
10869:
10760:
10507:
10168:Continuum International Publishing Group
10127:
10019:
9951:
9704:
9676:
9635:, Hyperwar project ed. Patrick Clancey,
9539:
9329:
9327:
9270:
9246:
9234:
9147:
9131:
9019:
8860:
8848:
8831:
8724:
8371:
7938:
7507:/chapter5_10_1.html#5_10_51 the original
7392:sfn error: no target: CITEREFDower1986 (
7252:
7240:
7202:
7138:
7111:
6544:
6478:
6029:
6014:
5944:
5828:
5738:
5645:, with detractors claiming that a naval
5605:
5523:
5436:
5301:
5283:
5200:
5091:
4997:
4928:
4830:
4732:
4624:
4439:
4358:
4307:
4220:
4162:in March 1942, Cartwheel began with the
4110:
3977:
3907:
3754:
3587:
3431:
3322:
3319:Japanese strategy and the Doolittle Raid
3204:
3133:
3013:
2915:
2871:
2775:
2676:; in retaliation, Japan instituted the "
2640:
2575:
2524:
2506:
2497:
2291:provided air support in the form of the
2140:
2003:
1407:Manchuria and Inner Mongolia (1931–1936)
1348:Manchuria, Korea, and Taiwan (1894–1895)
13778:
13538:. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
13398:
13312:Smith, J. Douglas, and Richard Jensen.
13200:
13181:
13162:
13055:
13025:
12842:
12729:Hsu Long-hsuen; Chang Ming-kai (1971).
12709:
12697:. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
12678:]. Iwanami Bukkuretto. p. 43.
12598:
12579:
12141:Global Logistics and Strategy 1943–1945
12091:
12043:Hammer and Sickle against Samurai Sword
11881:Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan
11375:
10716:
10498:
10477:
10406:
10382:
10370:
10334:
10330:
10210:
10194:
10034:
9967:
9947:
9871:
9855:
9839:
9827:
9509:
9412:
9282:
8819:
8718:
8651:
8613:
8437:
8143:
8131:
8093:
8081:
7962:
7914:
6723:
6034:Charred remains of civilians killed in
4044:In August 1943 the Allies formed a new
2744:troop build-ups in Hainan, Taiwan, and
2281:and Japanese-claimed territory such as
412:
200:(3 years, 8 months, 3 weeks and 5 days)
19271:
19171:Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere
18055:Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere
17762:Mengjiang United Autonomous Government
16237:
16215:Romanian prisoners in the Soviet Union
14130:
14111:
14076:Okumiya, Masatake and Fuchida, Mitso.
14034:
13797:
13720:
13612:
13575:
13455:
13436:
13417:
13358:
13293:
13243:
13219:
13133:
13124:
13113:
12987:
12908:
12761:
12737:
12669:
12601:Nanjing 1937: Battle for a Doomed City
12541:
12466:
12418:
12263:
12039:Serp i Molot Protiv Samuraiskogo Mecha
11859:
11850:
11743:
11719:
11665:
11642:
11621:
11597:
11444:uboat.net. Retrieved 24 February 2018.
11169:Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom).
11141:
11129:
11081:
11043:
10772:
10712:
10579:
10564:
10552:
10492:
10473:
10461:
10445:
10430:
10283:
10256:
10206:
10015:
10003:
9986:
9963:
9859:
9843:
9800:
9779:
9469:
9439:
9353:Science in the 20th Century and Beyond
9294:
9196:
9179:
9162:
9143:
9083:
9062:
9050:
9031:
9004:
8992:
8941:from the original on 16 September 2011
8797:. Dutch East Indies Campaign website.
8730:
8695:from the original on 25 September 2013
8601:
8511:from the original on 24 September 2015
8463:from the original on 12 September 2014
8386:
8347:
8266:
8230:
8218:
8179:
7974:
7880:, v21, n1, March 1990, pp. 66–87. "An
7812:
7736:
7343:
7300:
6732:
6581:United States Strategic Bombing Survey
6526:concluded that over 300,000 died. The
5805:Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers
5791:In Japan, 14 August is considered the
4790:and sank with heavy loss of life. The
4620:
4299:played a major role in defeating Japan
4099:in China, but were driven back by the
3677:, were sunk by the Japanese submarine
3189:
2772:" ("American-British-Chinese-Dutch").
2630:, which was controlled at the time by
2573:, including rape, murder and torture.
2218:. From 1944 the French commando group
2162:. China had already been engaged in a
2069:Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere
310:Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands
19284:Military history of the Pacific Ocean
18079:
17662:
17086:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign
16518:Japanese invasion of French Indochina
16164:Italian prisoners in the Soviet Union
16120:Finnish prisoners in the Soviet Union
15225:Rape during the occupation of Germany
14371:
14288:
14083:Potter, E. B. and Chester W. Nimitz.
13995:Matloff, Maurice and Snell, Edwin M.
13977:(New ed.). Annapolis, Maryland:
13969:. University Press of Kentucky, 1988.
13746:
13709:Craven, Wesley, and James Cate, eds.
13700:
13691:
13677:. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press.
13077:
13006:
12917:
12520:
12396:
12301:
11924:
11821:
11802:
11731:
11707:
11579:from the original on 28 November 2015
11462:
10958:"Remember role in ending fascist war"
10907:
10796:
10742:from the original on 27 November 2015
10697:
10599:from the original on 2 September 2017
10115:
10053:The Netherlands East Indies 1941–1942
9716:
9639:from the original on 17 February 2009
9616:
9577:
9481:
9427:
9376:
9364:
9324:
9216:from the original on 15 December 2018
8937:. Ajrp.awm.gov.au. 19 February 1942.
8755:
8155:
8059:
8057:
7864:
7706:
7653:
7480:
7387:
7288:
6925:Over 51,000 casualties, 17,501 killed
6911:Up to 231,119 casualties, 82,000 dead
6443:Germany lost ten submarines and four
5423:Japanese offensive in Henan and Hubei
5088:Allied offensives in Burma, 1944–1945
4693:an intense strategic bombing campaign
4691:based out of these islands conducted
4521:. They captured a fortified position
4239:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign
3904:Stalemate in China and Southeast Asia
3313:guerilla campaign in Portuguese Timor
2912:South-East Asian campaigns of 1941–42
2854:invaded southern and eastern Thailand
2482:(IJA), which had already created the
2358:Japan conscripted many soldiers from
1992:by the Allies. Japan lost its former
1863:that was fought in eastern Asia, the
1436:
1284:
763:
18580:Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff
18336:Imperial Rule Assistance Association
17846:Provisional Government of Free India
16208:Polish prisoners in the Soviet Union
15240:Rape during the liberation of France
14177:
14165:Pearl Harbor: The Verdict of History
14087:. Prentice Hall, 1963. Naval battles
14078:Midway: The Battle That Doomed Japan
13783:. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press.
13725:. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press.
13271:
12924:. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.
12880:
12823:
12802:
12624:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group.
12560:
12501:
12361:. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press.
12343:
12320:
12204:
11971:
11525:
11474:
11387:
11229:
10825:from the original on 10 January 2012
10595:. National Science Digital Library.
10540:
10139:
10094:Japan: No Surrender in World War Two
9891:from the original on 24 October 2019
9728:
9527:
9388:
9202:
8880:from the original on 17 January 2012
8733:"The Java Sea Battle, February 1942"
8541:from the original on 14 January 2010
8322:Cited by Christopher Barnard, 2003,
8254:
8194:
7926:
7798:"Yasukuni Shrine: Ritual and Memory"
7772:
7757:
7455:The Oxford Companion to World War II
7362:. Avalon Publishing. pp. 2, 3.
6471:) in the Indian and Pacific oceans.
5620:On 6 August 1945, the US dropped an
5015:, with the squadron attached to the
5013:Fuerza Aérea Expedicionaria Mexicana
4466:began an advance along the coast in
4277:Allied submarines in the Pacific War
4270:
3088:Chinese Expeditionary Force in Burma
2607:, or in the case of the Communists,
2269:) joined the rest of the Allies and
2261:, then remained neutral through the
19243:Taiwanese Imperial Japan Serviceman
18490:East Asia Development Board (Kōain)
18105:
14334:Animated History of the Pacific War
13955:(University Press of Kansas, 2018).
13696:. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press.
13377:
13329:
13257:. London: Oxford University Press.
13252:
13120:. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press.
13041:. Dulles, Virginia: Potomac Books.
12780:
12469:Chinese-Soviet Relations, 1937–1945
12266:Within a Presumption of Godlessness
11878:
11609:
11393:
11288:, canadianheroes.org, 13 May 2002,
11241:"Honouring NZ's Pacific War dead".
11061:The International Churchill Society
10678:The Decision to Use the Atomic Bomb
10631:from the original on 10 August 2015
9752:
8633:from the original on 20 August 2008
8206:
7691:
7631:"Chinese People Contribute to WWII"
7584:"Leyte Gulf: The Mexican Air Force"
7220:The Army Air Forces in World War II
7126:
5775:broadcast the rescript of surrender
5586:, Chiang, and Churchill issued the
5473:Australian First Tactical Air Force
5255:landed on the southeast coast near
5113:The Indian XV Corps (including two
4820:
4545:In May 1943, the Japanese prepared
4250:
3853:, coupled with the earlier loss of
3763:Allied forces became aware through
3739:On New Guinea, the Japanese on the
3254:Australia was attacked from the air
2739:Tensions between Japan and the West
2224:Malayan Peoples' Anti-Japanese Army
2154:The major Allied participants were
2016:
1891:in the last few months of the war.
13:
17750:South Chahar Autonomous Government
17738:North Shanxi Autonomous Government
16434:German invasion of the Netherlands
14714:Weather events during World War II
13934:University of Michigan Press, 1982
13743:(University Press of Kansas, 2018)
13655:
12866:. University of California Press.
12692:
12638:
12485:The Johns Hopkins University Press
12045:] (in Russian). Moscow: Veche.
11549:from the original on 23 March 2010
11495:from the original on 11 March 2016
11487:Australia-Japan Research Project.
11211:from the original on 24 April 2019
11093:
11031:
10851:from the original on 7 August 2008
10676:See, for example, Alperowitz, G.,
10046:
9515:Larry Kimmett and Margaret Regis,
8664:from the original on 25 March 2012
8054:
7878:Journal of Southeast Asian Studies
6703:, declared war on 9 December 1941.
5986:), 2 destroyers, and 3 corvettes.
4635:Mariana and Palau Islands campaign
4297:, Ceylon; Midway; and later Guam,
4154:In June 1943, the Allies launched
3994:
3920:
3516:. In return the Americans damaged
3259:In early 1942 elements of the IJN
3060:were hit and the aircraft carrier
2299:sent naval support in the form of
2271:invaded the territory of Manchukuo
198:7 December 1941 – 2 September 1945
172:Japanese soldiers in China during
14:
19295:
17065:Northern Burma and Western Yunnan
14309:
13948:. Vol. 2. Houghton Mifflin, 1972.
13909:. Random House Publishing Group.
13887:. Random House Publishing Group.
13854:. New York City: Berghahn Books.
12885:. University of California Press.
12883:Vietnam 1945: The Quest for Power
12400:(2007). Tsuyoshi Hasegawa (ed.).
12092:Cleaver, Thomas McKelvey (2018).
11630:from the original on 3 March 2016
11333:, losses at Khalkin Gol were: 30
10845:"Chronology of Japanese Holdouts"
10652:Professor Duncan Anderson, 2005,
10059:from the original on 26 July 2011
9580:, pp. 359–360, 551–552, 816.
8915:from the original on 24 July 2011
8801:from the original on 26 July 2011
8774:from the original on 26 July 2011
8743:from the original on 26 July 2011
8561:"Australia Declares War on Japan"
7613:". Roy M. MacLeod (2000). p. 51.
7562:"Honouring NZ's Pacific War dead"
5900:1943–1945 Indian famine in Bengal
4855:, which included the battleships
4722:
4565:, New Guinea, then westward past
4436:Japanese offensive in India, 1944
4411:Japanese offensives in Asia, 1944
4391:officer had seized a copy of the
4080:, who commanded US forces in the
3683:. With the striking power of the
3261:proposed an invasion of Australia
3028:air attacks on northern Australia
2492:Southern Expeditionary Army Group
2033:. In the United States, the term
1986:Japan surrendered unconditionally
430:
395:
18943:Soviet–Japanese border conflicts
18211:
18034:
18022:
18010:
17998:
17986:
17974:
17962:
17949:
17936:
17924:
17912:
17900:
17888:
17876:
17864:
17851:
17839:
17827:
17815:
17803:
17791:
17779:
17767:
17755:
17743:
17731:
17726:East Hebei Autonomous Government
17719:
17707:
17625:
14397:
13378:Sun, Youli (15 September 1996).
11999:. University of Michigan Press.
11955:Germany and the Second World War
11671:
11615:
11561:
11531:
11510:
11480:
11447:
11428:
11419:
11360:
11316:
11313:), 205 advisors killed in China.
11295:
11248:
11235:
11162:
11049:
10976:
10950:
10920:
10888:
10863:
10837:
10802:
10722:
10670:
10611:
10289:
10121:
10086:
10049:"201st Mexican Fighter Squadron"
10040:
9903:
9877:
9689:
9650:
9622:
9598:from the original on 11 May 2008
9583:
9558:
9545:
9487:
9445:
9345:
8963:. Home.st.net.au. Archived from
8953:
8927:
8901:
8892:
8825:
8786:
8645:
8619:
8571:from the original on 13 May 2008
8553:
8523:
8493:
8475:
8443:
7013:
6999:
6985:
6971:
6957:
6943:
6929:
6915:
6901:
6887:
6873:
6830:
6807:
6794:
6781:
6633:European theatre of World War II
6612:
6560:
5824:
5801:Japanese Instrument of Surrender
5748:Japanese Instrument of Surrender
5210:, an iconic photograph taken by
5011:fighter-squadron as part of the
4966:, a key location in the planned
4942:Philippines campaign (1944–1945)
4596:In February 1944, the US Navy's
3847:Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands
3783:, commander of the newly formed
3722:Second Australian Imperial Force
3148:Philippines campaign (1941–1942)
3070:In Burma, the Japanese captured
2968:off Malaya on 10 December 1941.
2852:. Concurrently, Japanese forces
2533:In 1931, without declaring war,
2503:Conflict between China and Japan
1972:largest naval battles in history
1388:German Pacific possesions (1914)
638:
631:
624:
614:
604:
588:
578:
568:
559:
549:
539:
514:
502:
478:
466:
454:
414:
380:
367:
353:
271:Removal of Japanese troops from
118:
109:
98:
89:
78:
69:
39:Pacific theater (disambiguation)
18958:Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact
17786:Provisional Government of China
14322:Film Footage of the Pacific War
14196:Shaw, Henry, and Douglas Kane.
12504:A Military History of Australia
11957:. Vol. 6: The Global War.
10450:Heinrichs & Gallicchio 2017
10395:Heinrichs & Gallicchio 2017
10359:Heinrichs & Gallicchio 2017
10347:Heinrichs & Gallicchio 2017
10319:Heinrichs & Gallicchio 2017
10269:Heinrichs & Gallicchio 2017
10242:Heinrichs & Gallicchio 2017
10223:Heinrichs & Gallicchio 2017
9517:U.S. Submarines in World War II
9341:. 21 February 1944. p. 45.
8483:"Declaration of War with Japan"
8456:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
8329:
8316:
8313:("Historical Dictionary"), 1980
8304:
8272:
8173:
8099:
8032:
8006:
7980:
7870:
7842:
7790:
7778:
7742:
7659:
7601:
7576:
7554:
7495:
7486:
7446:
7430:
7421:
7400:
7330:
7306:
7270:
7258:
7181:
7168:
7156:
7068:
7055:
7037:
7028:
6863:
6854:
6844:
6768:
6759:
6750:
5995:Mongolian casualties were 753.
5940:
5799:(Victory in Japan). The formal
5661:
5601:
5432:
5350:. Under the command of Admiral
5072:
5023:, surrendered on 9 March 1974.
4919:largest naval battle in history
4591:Gilberts and then the Marshalls
4170:, in which the Allies used the
2840:and the British territories of
2444:in the Pacific War: China, the
2420:navies operated submarines and
2323:-aligned states which assisted
2263:Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact
2136:
1965:strategy. The Allies adopted a
1363:Manchuria and Korea (1904–1905)
789:
19213:Japanese settlers in Manchuria
18331:Imperial Rescript on Education
17312:Vietnamese famine of 1944–1945
15022:Territorial changes of Germany
14930:Indonesian National Revolution
14277:, Cambridge University Press.
14182:. University of Hawaii Press.
14080:. Naval Institute Press, 1955.
13642:United States War Department.
13401:The Allied Occupation of Japan
12847:. Kluwer Academic Publishing.
12230:. Charlotte: Information Age.
9913:. 3 March 2016. Archived from
9590:RD Designs (7 December 1941).
8961:"Midget Submarines history at"
8501:"Canada Declares War on Japan"
8451:"Prime Minister's Declaration"
6741:
6706:
5393:
5151:captured the supply centre of
4737:The Japanese aircraft carrier
4342:unrestricted submarine warfare
4285:in the Philippines (1941–42);
3865:and heavy submarine damage to
3801:Battle of the Eastern Solomons
3779:in the Solomons. Vice Admiral
3750:
3338:as part of the Doolittle Raid.
3244:beginning with the capture of
3129:
3056:. British Royal Navy bases in
2991:to assume control of ABDACOM.
2924:to the Japanese, February 1942
2315:Axis powers and aligned states
2279:Japanese protectorate of Korea
1949:and to a lesser extent by the
1904:Japanese invasion of Manchuria
1:
18664:Imperial Way Faction (Kōdōha)
18570:Imperial General Headquarters
18161:Foreign commerce and shipping
17774:Shanghai Great Way Government
16712:Japanese invasion of Thailand
16663:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran
16427:German invasion of Luxembourg
14808:Mediterranean and Middle East
14153:. Penguin, 1982. Pearl Harbor
14116:. Dulles, Virginia: Penguin.
14069:(UP of Kansas, 2015) 198 pp.
13941:. Ballantine, 1958. Kamikaze.
13588:China at War: An Encyclopedia
13580:. New York: The Viking Press.
12918:Meyer, Milton Walter (1997).
12542:Hanson, Victor Davis (2004).
12171:. Singapore: Talisman Books.
12150:Japan at War: an Oral History
11976:. Charleston. pp. 27–40.
11824:The Pacific Historical Review
11784:Alexander, Joseph H. (1996).
11491:. Australian War Memorial f.
11403:. И. И. Ивлев. Archived from
9911:"Uncommon Valor: 1940 – 1945"
8876:. Primeministers.naa.gov.au.
8590:Brecher & Wilkenfeld 1997
7988:"WW2 People's War – Timeline"
7089:
6575:has been described by writer
6474:
6280:Andaman & Nicobar Islands
5814:
5714:Invasion of the Kuril Islands
5294:burns after being hit by two
4745:When the Americans landed on
4689:United States Army Air Forces
4393:Japanese merchant marine code
4027:26th Indian Infantry Division
4022:14th Indian Infantry Division
3250:Darwin was hit by an air raid
3032:bombing of the city of Darwin
3022:, Australia, 19 February 1942
2973:Declaration by United Nations
2966:sunk by a Japanese air attack
2782:Imperial General Headquarters
2706:, one of which was headed by
2567:capturing the capital Nanjing
2337:Collaborationist Chinese Army
2194:; in addition to troops from
2029:, or was known simply as the
1653:Mediterranean and Middle East
18991:Hirohito surrender broadcast
18391:Greater East Asia Conference
18060:Greater East Asia Conference
17798:Reformed Government of China
16619:Invasion of the Soviet Union
16308:Occupation of Czechoslovakia
15626:Independent State of Croatia
14039:. US Naval Institute Press.
13772:The Pacific War Encyclopedia
13553:Y'Blood, William T. (1981).
13519:. Indiana University Press.
13205:. Harvard University Press.
13163:Russell, Richard A. (1997).
12992:. Pen & Sword Military.
12973:. Harvard University Press.
12809:. Cornell University Press.
12710:Hopkins, William B. (2010).
12584:(First ed.). Casemate.
12382:. Harvard University Press.
12327:University of Nebraska Press
12306:. New York: Pantheon Books.
12130:Clodfelter, Micheal (2017).
12111:Clodfelter, Micheal (2002).
11883:. New York: Harper Collins.
11303:Soviet invasion of Manchuria
11118:Corfield & Corfield 2012
10619:"Statement by The President"
8107:"Map of the Pacific Theater"
7785:USSBS Summary Report, p. 67.
7094:
6714:invading and occupying China
6593:
6513:the Second Sino-Japanese War
5728:
5666:In February 1945 during the
5552:. This view is explained by
5262:Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima
5207:Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima
4813:to their carriers at night.
4729:Battle of the Philippine Sea
4460:Northern Combat Area Command
4397:Office of Naval Intelligence
4194:and landed Allied troops on
3626:abortive identical operation
3421:
2812:Japanese offensives, 1941–42
2586:first victory at Taierzhuang
2351:), and the collaborationist
2164:war against Japan since 1937
2158:, the United States and the
1634:Manchuria and Northern Korea
1236:Manchuria and Northern Korea
700:26,000,000+ (1937–1945)
679:84 destroyers & frigates
136:raising a flag over Iwo Jima
21:Pacific War (disambiguation)
7:
18376:Supreme Court of Judicature
17859:Republic of the Philippines
17603:End of World War II in Asia
17443:Western invasion of Germany
16950:Chinese famine of 1942–1943
16927:Second Battle of El Alamein
16497:Hundred Regiments Offensive
16469:Battle of the Mediterranean
16322:Italian invasion of Albania
14496:Air warfare of World War II
14352:Imperial Japanese Navy Page
14170:Sarantakes, Nicholas Evan.
13973:Lundstrom, John B. (2005).
13800:Journal of Military History
13497:The Barrier and the Javelin
13422:. Boulder: Westview Press.
13253:Sen, Amartya Kumar (1999).
13095:Reynolds, Clark G. (1974).
12890:McGibbon, Ian, ed. (2000).
12862:MacKinnon, Stephen (2008).
12670:Himeta, Mitsuyoshi (1995).
12655:. Oxford University Press.
11929:. Philadelphia: Lippincott.
11337:, 27 BT-7RTs,2 BT-7As, 127
10297:Journal of Military History
9684:The Pacific War: Day By Day
9212:. Australian War Memorial.
8243:Fairbank & Goldman 1994
7803:. Retrieved on 5 June 2009.
7505:. И.И.Ивлев. Archived from
7418:, including Canadian troops
7151:Coakley & Leighton 1989
6824:Nuremberg War Crimes Trials
6605:
6586:American soldiers commonly
6524:Nanjing War Crimes Tribunal
6502:
5716:(18 August to 1 September)
5548:as a means of avoiding the
5427:offensive to retake Guangxi
5190:
5079:End of World War II in Asia
5061:and several islands in the
4766:Great Marianas Turkey Shoot
4293:, Australia; Pearl Harbor;
4101:Chinese Expeditionary Force
3875:Naval Battle of Guadalcanal
3691:New Guinea and the Solomons
3671:, along with the destroyer
3104:Battle of Yunnan-Burma Road
2435:
2123:
2104:
2084:
2061:
1999:
1034:Dutch East Indies (1941–42)
991:Strategic bombing (1944–45)
736:2,500,000+ dead (1937–1945)
165:Indian soldiers during the
10:
19300:
19082:Second Philippine Republic
18860:Manchuria–Mongolia problem
17919:Occupied Dutch East Indies
17529:Naval bombardment of Japan
16897:First Battle of El Alamein
16816:Battle of Christmas Island
16761:Japanese invasion of Burma
16525:Italian invasion of Greece
16441:German invasion of Belgium
16413:German invasion of Denmark
16386:1939–1940 Winter Offensive
16255:Second Italo-Ethiopian War
14519:Comparative military ranks
14348:– at The War Times Journal
14035:Miller, Edward S. (2007).
13669:Bergerud, Eric M. (2000).
13659:
13613:Yahara, Hiromichi (1997).
13585:Xiaobing, Li, ed. (2012).
13460:. New York: Random House.
13201:Schoppa, R. Keith (2011).
12803:Lind, Jennifer M. (2010).
12766:. Helion and Company Ltd.
12744:The Making of Modern Japan
12563:Japanese Destroyer Captain
12188:The Pacific War: 1941–1945
11776:
11106:Crawford & Foster 2007
10872:The Pacific War: 1941-1945
7338:Japanese Destroyer Captain
6564:
6495:
6489:
6023:on US Marine positions in
5732:
5700:Invasion of South Sakhalin
5613:
5509:
5444:
5397:
5277:
5273:
5194:
5105:Burma campaign (1944–1945)
5102:
5076:
4939:
4824:
4770:combat-information centers
4726:
4632:
4498:captured on Kohima ridge.
4451:
4274:
4236:
4139:
4107:Allied offensives, 1943–44
3998:
3912:Chinese troops during the
3730:Royal Australian Air Force
3724:. In early September 1942
3694:
3604:
3425:
3145:
3138:Surrender of US forces at
3054:raid into the Indian Ocean
3047:Dutch East Indies campaign
2889:
2674:offensive in Central China
2539:Marco Polo Bridge Incident
2518:
2220:Corps Léger d'Intervention
1988:on 15 August 1945 and was
1922:, the British colonies of
1881:South West Pacific theater
1312:Military campaigns of the
1183:Volcano and Ryukyu Islands
610:7,800,000–7,900,000 (1945)
314:Seizure and annexation of
266:Allied occupation of Japan
181:atomic bombing of Nagasaki
32:
25:
18:
19190:
19163:
19105:
19059:
19016:
19009:
18963:Japan during World War II
18923:Pacification of Manchukuo
18893:
18823:
18815:Invasion of Taiwan (1895)
18810:Invasion of Taiwan (1874)
18748:
18741:
18692:
18679:Control Faction (Tōseiha)
18632:
18558:
18551:
18498:
18416:
18409:
18401:Imperial Japanese Airways
18308:
18255:
18220:
18209:
18113:
18050:
17701:
17618:
17450:Bratislava–Brno offensive
17390:
17381:Dutch famine of 1944–1945
17118:
17005:Allied invasion of Sicily
16959:
16865:Aleutian Islands campaign
16837:Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign
16784:
16775:Greek famine of 1941–1944
16670:Second Battle of Changsha
16575:German invasion of Greece
16543:
16420:Battle of Zaoyang–Yichang
16395:
16333:
16228:
16109:
15835:
15745:
15593:
15296:
15287:
15045:
14870:
14762:North and Central Pacific
14723:
14485:
14478:
14405:
14218:: At Peleliu and Okinawa.
14016:McCarthy, Dudley (1959).
13344:10.1080/03068370500039151
13182:Sandler, Stanley (2001).
13125:Roscoe, Theodore (1958).
13114:Roscoe, Theodore (1949).
13026:Parillo, Mark P. (1993).
13011:. Clear Mind Publishing.
12954:10.1017/S0026749X06002198
12419:Gailey, Harry A. (2011).
12219:10.1080/09668137308410900
12096:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
12037:Cherevko, Kirill (2003).
12020:Stanford University Press
11489:"Dispositions and deaths"
11157:Blackburn & Hack 2007
10163:Japanese prisoners of war
10099:29 September 2019 at the
10081:Brooks & Stanley 2007
9741:Bond & Tachikawa 2004
9120:Parshall & Tully 2005
9108:Parshall & Tully 2005
8793:Womack, Tom (1999–2000).
8298:British Newspaper Archive
8281:"Japans desperate gamble"
7903:Murray & Millett 2001
7796:Bren, John (3 June 2005)
7564:. Beehive. 15 August 2005
5989:
5892:Chinese famine of 1942–43
5819:
5083:Aftermath of World War II
4934:General Douglas MacArthur
4117:landing at Rendova Island
4088:to link India and China.
4082:China Burma India Theater
4050:Commander-in-Chief, India
3942:Zhejiang-Jiangxi Campaign
3583:
3009:Commander-in-Chief, India
2920:British forces surrender
2757:Dutch government in exile
2654:Battle of Suixian–Zaoyang
2458:China Burma India Theater
2426:
2210:(as the possessor of the
2208:Dutch government-in-exile
2149:
2117:
2098:
2078:
2053:
2041:China Burma India theater
1473:
1353:Liaodong Peninsula (1895)
1323:
799:
655:
529:
438:
335:
190:
179:Mushroom cloud after the
63:
55:
50:
18938:Second Sino-Japanese War
18885:Racial Equality Proposal
18465:Agriculture and Commerce
18029:Occupied Solomon Islands
18017:Occupied Gilbert Islands
17907:Kingdom of Luang Prabang
17042:Allied invasion of Italy
17019:Solomon Islands campaign
16768:Third Battle of Changsha
16365:First Battle of Changsha
16271:Second Sino-Japanese War
15211:German military brothels
15077:United States war crimes
14054:Morrison, Samuel, Elliot
14012:, Washington, D.C., 1990
13850:Harrison, Simon (2012).
13779:Goldman, Stuart (2012).
13246:The Asia-Pacific Journal
13226:The Asia-Pacific Journal
13134:Rummel, Rudolph (1991).
13078:Rauch, Jonathan (2002).
12843:MacLeod, Roy M. (1999).
12762:Jowett, Phillip (2005).
12477:Greenfield, Kent Roberts
12467:Garver, John W. (1988).
12344:Drea, Edward J. (2005).
12321:Drea, Edward J. (1998).
11879:Bix, Herbert P. (2000).
11329:24 February 2018 at the
10943:30 December 2010 at the
10936:Retrieved 25 July 2015;
10932:25 February 2011 at the
10680:(1995; New York, Knopf;
9401:Evans & Peattie 1997
9259:Evans & Peattie 1997
9096:Evans & Peattie 1997
8652:L., Klemen (1999–2000).
8426:Evans & Peattie 1997
8414:Evans & Peattie 1997
8360:Evans & Peattie 1997
7323:Retrieved 25 July 2015;
7319:Retrieved 25 July 2015;
7315:Retrieved 25 July 2015;
7174:King, Ernest J. (1945).
6712:Although Japan had been
6688:
6036:the 10 March firebombing
5854:
5624:on the Japanese city of
5550:ground invasion of Japan
5251:command of Maj. General
5138:Japanese Burma Area Army
4213:campaign towards Japan.
4160:Invasion of Salamaua–Lae
3811:Battle of Cape Esperance
3701:Solomon Islands campaign
3619:In May, US intelligence
3344:Second Operational Phase
3309:Combined Chiefs of Staff
3291:Allies re-group, 1942–43
2702:Japan sponsored several
2622:. This stopped Japanese
2521:Second Sino-Japanese War
2488:China Expeditionary Army
2170:, entered the war after
1941:The Pacific War saw the
1885:Second Sino-Japanese War
1639:pre-war border conflicts
1422:Asia-Pacific (1941–1945)
1270:Second Sino-Japanese War
1110:Estevan Point Lighthouse
865:Indian Ocean (1941–1945)
816:Marshalls–Gilberts raids
129:Clockwise from top left:
18855:Washington Naval Treaty
18800:Anglo–Japanese Alliance
18785:First Sino-Japanese War
18604:Nuclear weapons program
18346:Great Japan Youth Party
18273:National seals of Japan
17956:Occupied British Borneo
17464:Second Guangxi campaign
17319:Philippines (1944–1945)
16823:Battle of the Coral Sea
16726:Fall of the Philippines
16372:Battle of South Guangxi
16278:Battles of Khalkhin Gol
15684:Italian Social Republic
14358:"Japan's War in Colour"
14327:6 November 2011 at the
14263:, W.W. Norton, (2020).
14247:, W.W. Norton, (2015).
14220:Presidio, 1981. Memoir.
13747:Degan, Patrick (2003).
13721:Cutler, Thomas (1994).
13534:Willmott, H.P. (2002).
13515:Willmott, H.P. (2005).
13494:Willmott, H.P. (1983).
13475:Willmott, H.P. (2014).
12921:Asia: A Concise History
12881:Marr, David G. (1995).
12599:Harmsen, Peter (2015).
12580:Harmsen, Peter (2013).
12561:Hara, Tameichi (2011).
12249:. Bloomsbury Academic.
12186:Costello, John (1982).
12152:. New York: New Press.
11925:Blair, Clay Jr (1975).
11860:Barber, Andrew (2010).
11622:Chapel, Joseph (2004).
11311:Battles of Khalkhin Gol
10927:NavSource Naval History
10870:Costello, John (2009).
9319:Croddy & Wirtz 2005
8762:Klemen, L (1999–2000).
8731:L, Klemen (1999–2000).
8683:Klemen, L (1999–2000).
8018:Encyclopædia Britannica
7855:, University of Hawaii.
7327:Retrieved 26 July 2015.
7279:Retrieved 10 March 2016
7267:Retrieved 10 March 2016
6981:Up to 20,000 casualties
6822:, faced charges at the
6168:China (incl. Hong Kong)
6010:
5809:Treaty of San Francisco
5453:South West Pacific Area
5404:Second Guangxi Campaign
4946:On 20 October 1944 the
4598:fast carrier task force
4472:Battle of the Admin Box
4395:, not knowing that the
4263:and concluded with the
4056:appointed Admiral Lord
4046:South East Asia Command
3428:Battle of the Coral Sea
3242:Territory of New Guinea
3142:, Philippines, May 1942
2628:invade French Indochina
2588:, but then the city of
2535:Japan invaded Manchuria
2347:(consisting of most of
2333:Manchukuo Imperial Army
2172:being attacked by Japan
2168:Philippine Commonwealth
2011:Philippine Commonwealth
1847:, sometimes called the
1417:French Indochina (1940)
872:Japanese merchant raids
733:43,125-50,000+ aircraft
145:prepare for takeoff to
16:Theater of World War II
18903:Shōwa financial crisis
18695:Imperial Japanese Navy
18635:Imperial Japanese Army
18366:Peace Preservation Law
17049:Armistice of Cassibile
16851:Battle of Dutch Harbor
16802:Battle of the Java Sea
16705:Attack on Pearl Harbor
16605:Syria–Lebanon campaign
16598:Battle of South Shanxi
16568:Invasion of Yugoslavia
16351:Battle of the Atlantic
15965:Korean Liberation Army
15678:(until September 1943)
15635:(until September 1944)
15613:(until September 1944)
14346:The Pacific War Series
14085:Triumph in the Pacific
13951:Judge, Sean M. et al.
13946:The Years of MacArthur
13701:Buell, Thomas (1974).
13692:Buell, Thomas (1976).
13616:The Battle For Okinawa
13399:Takemae, Eiji (2003).
13384:. Palgrave MacMillan.
13294:Skates, James (1994).
12988:Nesbit, Roy C (2009).
12909:McLynn, Frank (2010).
12618:Hastings, Max (2008).
12521:Gruhl, Werner (2007).
12502:Grey, Jeffrey (1999).
12245:Croddy; Wirtz (2005).
11805:Burma: The longest War
11282:"The Battle for Kiska"
7891:Papers on World War II
7849:Statistics of democide
6550:
6487:
6266:Malaya & Singapore
6043:
6027:
6005:1945 Vietnamese Famine
5950:
5930:gross domestic product
5838:
5793:end of the Pacific War
5789:
5758:
5611:
5533:
5447:Borneo campaign (1945)
5442:
5307:
5299:
5270:casualties sustained.
5219:
5180:attempted to break out
5100:
5003:
4937:
4936:wading ashore at Leyte
4925:Philippines, 1944–1945
4836:
4768:. All US carriers had
4742:
4630:
4519:invaded northern Burma
4449:
4448:tanks on the Ledo Road
4371:
4325:
4234:
4120:
4001:Burma campaign 1942–43
3991:
3917:
3760:
3602:
3444:
3339:
3331:bomber takes off from
3285:raid on Sydney Harbour
3230:
3214:
3179:Jonathan M. Wainwright
3143:
3039:Battle of the Java Sea
3023:
2925:
2892:Attack on Pearl Harbor
2887:
2884:attack on Pearl Harbor
2868:Attack on Pearl Harbor
2685:Nationalist Government
2658:1st Battle of Changsha
2649:
2624:expansion to the north
2581:
2530:
2516:
2480:Imperial Japanese Army
2476:Imperial Japanese Navy
2469:Southwest Pacific Area
2293:201st Fighter Squadron
2228:Korean Liberation Army
2146:
2133:of 1931 through 1945.
2013:
1171:Hiroshima and Nagasaki
1015:Burma and India (1944)
838:Gilberts and Marshalls
648:: c. 1,000,000+ (1945)
439:Commanders and leaders
158:after being struck by
37:. For other uses, see
18845:Siberian Intervention
18654:Railways and Shipping
18470:Commerce and Industry
18166:Industrial production
17931:Occupied West Sumatra
17213:Second Battle of Guam
17109:Bengal famine of 1943
17079:Second Battle of Kiev
17035:Battle of the Dnieper
16740:Battle of Wake Island
16612:East African campaign
16554:Battle of South Henan
16199:atrocities by Germans
15972:Korean Volunteer Army
14953:Occupation of Germany
14707:Music in World War II
14318:, 4000 short articles
14293:. Osprey Publishing.
14273:Weinberg, Gerhard L.
14231:W.W. Norton, (2011).
14135:. New York: Penguin.
14131:Prados, John (2016).
14112:Prados, John (2012).
13960:The War Against Japan
13903:Hornfischer, James D.
13881:Hornfischer, James D.
13812:10.1353/jmh.2006.0052
13576:Wilson, Dick (1982).
13456:Toland, John (2003).
13437:Tanaka, Yuki (2003).
13418:Tanaka, Yuki (1996).
13363:. Osprey Publishing.
13359:Stille, Mark (2014).
13220:Selden, Mark (2007).
13146:10.4324/9781315081328
13007:Olsen, Lance (2012).
12672:日本軍による『三光政策・三光作戦をめぐって
12169:The Fall of Singapore
11908:10.4324/9780203934746
11851:Banham, Tony (2005).
11803:Allen, Louis (1984).
11307:Battle of Lake Khasan
11255:Canadian War Museum.
9564:Chihaya Masataka, in
9505:on 15 September 2002.
8489:on 26 September 2011.
8180:Mitter, Rana (2013).
8084:, pp. 1067–1068.
7990:. BBC. Archived from
7669:. Anu. Archived from
7046:Bengal famine of 1943
6668:Pacific War campaigns
6548:
6496:Further information:
6482:
6033:
6019:IJA soldiers after a
6018:
5948:
5832:
5779:
5770:Powers", the Emperor
5742:
5643:has long been debated
5609:
5527:
5440:
5341:waist of the island.
5331:British Pacific Fleet
5305:
5287:
5233:Tadamichi Kuribayashi
5204:
5095:
5067:Thirteenth Air Forces
5001:
4932:
4877:San Bernardino Strait
4834:
4736:
4628:
4443:
4362:
4311:
4224:
4180:Battle of Munda Point
4164:Salamaua–Lae campaign
4150:Bougainville campaign
4114:
3981:
3935:a victory at Changsha
3911:
3859:to the IJN submarine
3789:Battle of Savo Island
3758:
3728:attacked a strategic
3639:At 10:22am, American
3591:
3436:The aircraft carrier
3435:
3326:
3297:Franklin D. Roosevelt
3216:
3209:Dutch and Australian
3208:
3196:Mediterranean Theatre
3137:
3096:Battle of Yenangyaung
3017:
2919:
2875:
2776:Japanese preparations
2662:Battle of Kunlun Pass
2644:
2579:
2528:
2510:
2498:Historical background
2144:
2048:Greater East Asia War
2007:
1877:Pacific Ocean theater
1564:Yugoslavian Partisans
1081:Philippines (1944–45)
1039:Philippines (1941–42)
656:Casualties and losses
473:Franklin D. Roosevelt
19258:Political dissidence
19107:Occupied territories
18850:General Election Law
18674:Taiwan Army of Japan
17895:Kingdom of Kampuchea
17499:Surrender of Germany
16977:Battle of West Hubei
16934:Guadalcanal campaign
16904:Battle of Stalingrad
16830:Battle of Madagascar
15604:Albania protectorate
15391:(formerly Swaziland)
15100:Wehrmacht war crimes
14916:Expulsion of Germans
14700:Art and World War II
14598:British contribution
14547:Governments in exile
14339:24 June 2019 at the
14289:Yenne, Bill (2014).
13868:Hayashi, Saburo and
13766:Dunnigan, James F.;
12990:The Battle for Burma
12942:Modern Asian Studies
12824:Long, Gavin (1963).
12693:Ho, Ping-ti (1959).
12379:China: A New History
12302:Dower, John (1993).
12264:Dauria, Tom (2014).
11440:19 June 2010 at the
11057:"The Bengali Famine"
10688:) for this argument.
10508:Hsu & Chang 1971
10306:4 March 2016 at the
10128:Hsu & Chang 1971
9731:, pp. 289, 299.
8832:Hsu & Chang 1971
8567:. 15 December 1941.
8537:. 15 December 1941.
8507:. 15 December 1941.
7253:Cook & Cook 1993
6573:firebombing of Tokyo
6392:Bismarck Archipelago
5693:invasion of Hokkaido
5580:Operation Starvation
5400:Battle of West Hunan
5358:, the light cruiser
5229:P-51 fighter escorts
4974:. On 9 January 1945
4827:Battle of Leyte Gulf
4563:Bismarck Archipelago
4430:Battle of West Hunan
4192:the Treasury Islands
4176:Drive on Munda Point
4168:New Georgia campaign
4039:Orde Charles Wingate
3967:On 2 November 1943,
3894:evacuated the island
3841:and heavily damaged
3599:B-17 Flying Fortress
3493:, and the destroyer
3476:, with the carriers
3415:one carrier division
3277:Enemy naval activity
3238:battle for Australia
3102:. Meanwhile, in the
2899:signals intelligence
2647:bombing of Chongqing
2073:Japan–China Incident
2046:Japan used the name
1976:air raids over Japan
882:Homfreyganj massacre
718:25 aircraft carriers
673:11 aircraft carriers
434:for further details.
399:for further details.
19077:Wang Jingwei regime
18987:Potsdam Declaration
18978:Soviet–Japanese War
18933:Anti-Comintern Pact
18928:January 28 incident
18913:London Naval Treaty
18790:Triple Intervention
18619:Supreme War Council
18503:deliberative bodies
18041:Occupied New Guinea
17822:Kingdom of Thailand
17589:Potsdam Declaration
17478:Italy (Spring 1945)
17241:Liberation of Paris
16698:Siege of Sevastopol
15716:(until August 1944)
15619:Wang Jingwei regime
15441:from September 1943
15401:from September 1944
15339:from September 1944
15199:Romanian war crimes
15190:Persecution of Jews
15176:Croatian war crimes
15146:Japanese war crimes
14960:Occupation of Japan
14909:First Indochina War
14621:Military production
14533:Declarations of war
14178:Seki, Eiji (2007).
14004:28 May 2015 at the
13958:Kirby, S. Woodburn
13944:James, D. Clayton.
13403:. Continuum Press.
13277:Defeat into Victory
12827:The Final Campaigns
11807:. Dent Publishing.
11770:, pp. 580–581.
11758:, pp. 576–577.
11746:, pp. 110–111.
11528:, p. =297–299.
11465:, pp. 19, 143.
11232:, pp. 633–634.
11207:. 1 December 2010.
10799:, pp. 477–512.
10787:, pp. 120–121.
10763:, pp. 312–336.
10738:. 10 October 2012.
10659:18 May 2008 at the
10543:, pp. 184–186.
10527:4 July 2015 at the
10510:, pp. 452–457.
10337:, pp. 227–228.
10142:, pp. 468–469.
10106:(17 February 2011).
10092:Powers, D. (2011):
9970:, pp. 188–189.
9885:"Battle of Peleliu"
9719:, pp. 157–167.
9664:on 17 November 2015
9658:"Operation Ichi-Go"
9566:Pearl Harbor Papers
9499:dutchsubmarines.com
9484:, pp. 991–992.
9456:Pearl Harbor Papers
9379:, pp. 112–116.
8911:. Ajrp.awm.gov.au.
8721:, pp. 170–172.
8616:, pp. 168–169.
8565:Inter-Allied Review
8535:Inter-Allied Review
8505:Inter-Allied Review
8459:. 8 December 1941.
8184:. Houghton Mifflin.
7709:, pp. 143–144.
7441:New Guinea Campaign
7416:Battle of Hong Kong
6718:attack Pearl Harbor
6492:Japanese war crimes
6252:Burma (incl. India)
6052:
5757:, 2 September 1945.
5685:Soviet–Japanese War
5635:another atomic bomb
5588:Potsdam Declaration
5578:LeMay also oversaw
5554:Victor Davis Hanson
5044:Filipino guerrillas
4759:Raymond A. Spruance
4621:Marianas and Palaus
4602:Operation Hailstone
4454:Burma Campaign 1944
4188:New Georgia Islands
4172:Landings on Rendova
4156:Operation Cartwheel
4146:Operation Cartwheel
4142:New Guinea campaign
4095:invasion headed to
4016:intended to secure
4014:offensive in Arakan
3697:New Guinea campaign
3372:Naval General Staff
3190:Threat to Australia
3030:, beginning with a
2761:stopped selling oil
2590:Xuzhou was taken by
2553:in order to form a
2465:Pacific Ocean Areas
2353:Wang Jingwei regime
2216:Pacific War Council
2092:Occupation of Japan
1974:and massive Allied
1889:Soviet–Japanese War
1393:Siberia (1918–1922)
308:, organized as the
147:attack Pearl Harbor
35:Pacific Ocean Areas
18805:Russo-Japanese War
18775:Two Lords Incident
18430:Imperial Household
17981:Occupied Singapore
17969:Occupied Hong Kong
17582:Surrender of Japan
17415:Battle of Iwo Jima
17264:Belgrade offensive
16677:Siege of Leningrad
16561:Battle of Shanggao
16490:British Somaliland
16455:Dunkirk evacuation
16406:Norwegian campaign
16344:Invasion of Poland
16171:Japanese prisoners
15139:Italian war crimes
15070:British war crimes
14985:Soviet occupations
14769:South-West Pacific
14656:Allied cooperation
14614:Military equipment
14216:With the Old Breed
14065:Myers, Michael W.
13979:US Naval Institute
13965:Leary, William M.
13927:M. E. Sharpe, 1992
12190:. Harper Collins.
11756:Dennis et al. 2008
11435:Allied War Losses.
11063:. 18 November 2008
10170:. pp. 47–48.
9887:. 21 August 2018.
9592:"Sinkings By Boat"
9551:Farago, Ladislas.
9367:, pp. 97–101.
8288:. 18 November 1940
8069:Amerasia, Volume 7
7941:, p. 129–148.
7673:on 19 October 2017
7065:) killed/missing.
6869:Allied casualties
6579:as a war crime. A
6551:
6532:biological weapons
6488:
6445:auxiliary cruisers
6050:
6044:
6028:
5951:
5839:
5811:came into force).
5759:
5735:Surrender of Japan
5651:incendiary bombing
5612:
5592:Potsdam Conference
5534:
5520:Air raids on Japan
5516:Operation Downfall
5457:Australian I Corps
5443:
5308:
5300:
5241:V Amphibious Corps
5220:
5197:Battle of Iwo Jima
5101:
5017:58th Fighter Group
5004:
4956:US Fifth Air Force
4938:
4871:and another under
4837:
4774:combat air patrols
4743:
4685:attacked the bases
4631:
4587:Western New Guinea
4474:when the isolated
4450:
4444:Chinese forces on
4372:
4326:
4235:
4121:
4091:In 1943, the Thai
4012:One attack was an
3992:
3946:biological warfare
3918:
3761:
3603:
3445:
3382:Concurrently, the
3340:
3299:, his key advisor
3272:Franklin Roosevelt
3256:almost 100 times.
3215:
3184:Bataan Death March
3169:and the Island of
3144:
3024:
2926:
2888:
2750:Sankichi Takahashi
2704:puppet governments
2650:
2582:
2547:Chinese Communists
2531:
2517:
2454:South West Pacific
2232:Free Thai Movement
2147:
2112:Fifteen Years' War
2014:
1766:French West Africa
1607:South West Pacific
1515:Denmark and Norway
1229:Japanese surrender
1195:Naval bombardments
1125:Fire balloon bombs
848:Volcano and Ryukyu
843:Marianas and Palau
294:, followed by the
28:War of the Pacific
19266:
19265:
19238:Socialist thought
19186:
19185:
19125:Dutch East Indies
19087:Empire of Vietnam
19005:
19004:
18780:Satsuma Rebellion
18760:Meiji Restoration
18737:
18736:
18547:
18546:
18485:Greater East Asia
18371:Political parties
18326:Foreign relations
18073:
18072:
17883:Empire of Vietnam
17656:
17655:
17614:
17613:
17457:Battle of Okinawa
17356:Burma (1944–1945)
17190:Mariana and Palau
16970:Tunisian campaign
16795:Fall of Singapore
16719:Fall of Hong Kong
16462:Battle of Britain
16315:Operation Himmler
16224:
16223:
15888:Dutch East Indies
15531:Southern Rhodesia
15283:
15282:
15183:Genocide of Serbs
15086:German war crimes
15063:Soviet war crimes
15056:Allied war crimes
14902:Division of Korea
14881:Chinese Civil War
14679:Strategic bombing
14591:Manhattan Project
14300:978-1-78200-982-5
14189:978-1-905246-28-1
14158:Miracle at Midway
14142:978-0-698-18576-0
14123:978-1-101-60195-2
14046:978-1-59114-500-4
13930:Hsi-sheng, Ch'i.
13916:978-0-345-54872-6
13894:978-0-553-38512-0
13861:978-0-85745-499-7
13790:978-1-61251-098-9
13626:978-0-471-18080-7
13598:978-1-59884-415-3
13578:When Tigers Fight
13486:978-1-612-51728-5
13448:978-1-134-65012-5
13429:978-0-8133-2717-4
13370:978-1-47280-146-3
13326:Free Press, 1985.
13305:978-0-87249-972-0
13212:978-0-674-05988-7
13155:978-1-315-08132-8
13106:978-0-688-00267-1
13070:978-1-59114-664-3
13018:978-0-9838435-7-3
12999:978-1-84415-955-0
12873:978-0-520-25445-9
12816:978-0-8014-7628-0
12795:978-0-415-58264-3
12739:Jansen, Marius B.
12721:978-0-76033-975-6
12685:978-4-00-003317-6
12662:978-0-19061-675-5
12631:978-0-307-26351-3
12610:978-1-61200-284-2
12591:978-1-61200-167-8
12572:978-1-59114-384-0
12494:978-0-89874-557-3
12430:978-0-307-80204-0
12411:978-0-8047-5427-9
12398:Frank, Richard B.
12294:978-0-19-551784-2
12275:978-1-4808-0420-3
12256:978-1-85109-490-5
12237:978-1-60752-659-9
12197:978-0-688-01620-3
12178:978-981-07-0984-6
12159:978-1-56584-039-3
12103:978-1-472-82546-9
12084:978-1-56324-246-5
12061:978-1-4020-2097-1
12029:978-0-8047-5399-9
12006:978-0-472-10806-0
11997:A Study of Crisis
11964:978-0-19-159035-1
11945:978-0-7146-8555-7
11917:978-0-203-93474-6
11890:978-0-06-093130-8
11871:978-983-43372-3-0
11795:978-0-7881-3528-6
11378:, pp. 30–31.
11205:naval-history.net
10881:978-0-688-01620-3
10809:Patrick Clancey.
9530:, pp. 27–40.
9122:, pp. 19–38.
9065:, pp. 32–34.
9034:, pp. 31–32.
8113:on 9 January 2009
8020:(Online ed.)
7887:M. R. Seni Pramoj
7532:|archiveurl=
7464:978-0-19-280670-3
7313:www.navsource.org
7243:, Ch. 7, Table 7.
7076:Battle of Okinawa
6881:Republic of China
6776:Neutrality Patrol
6648:Japanese holdouts
6433:
6432:
5915:Three Alls Policy
5746:signs the formal
5744:Douglas MacArthur
5720:Battle of Shumshu
5679:(Kwantung Army).
5354:, the battleship
5280:Battle of Okinawa
5169:Operation Dracula
5099:landing at Ramree
4988:battle for Manila
4649:Northern Marianas
4643:Battle of Peleliu
4610:Western Carolines
4422:Operation Ichi-Go
4271:Submarine warfare
4265:Cairo Declaration
4184:airfield at Munda
4066:Claude Auchinleck
4058:Louis Mountbatten
4054:Winston Churchill
3973:Battle of Changde
3914:Battle of Changde
3882:Allied air forces
3460:Tulagi was seized
3281:midget submarines
3234:Fall of Singapore
3163:Douglas MacArthur
3020:Bombing of Darwin
2826:Asia/West Pacific
2719:strategic bombing
2678:Three Alls Policy
2670:counter-offensive
2543:Nationalist Party
2442:areas of conflict
2380:Dutch East Indies
2212:Dutch East Indies
2031:War against Japan
1978:, as well as the
1900:Republic of China
1838:
1837:
1759:Strategic bombing
1675:Mediterranean Sea
1430:
1429:
1358:China (1899–1901)
1278:
1277:
1120:Lookout Air Raids
1027:Southwest Pacific
758:
757:
555:3,621,383+ (1945)
485:Winston Churchill
361:Republic of China
331:
330:
296:division of Korea
174:Operation Ichi-Go
19291:
19228:Shinmin no Michi
19218:Internment camps
19130:French Indochina
19014:
19013:
18865:Taishō Democracy
18746:
18745:
18669:Japanese holdout
18556:
18555:
18480:Colonial Affairs
18414:
18413:
18341:Yokusan Sonendan
18247:
18239:
18231:
18215:
18214:
18141:Economic history
18100:
18093:
18086:
18077:
18076:
18039:
18038:
18037:
18027:
18026:
18025:
18015:
18014:
18013:
18003:
18002:
18001:
17991:
17990:
17989:
17979:
17978:
17977:
17967:
17966:
17965:
17954:
17953:
17952:
17941:
17940:
17939:
17929:
17928:
17927:
17917:
17916:
17915:
17905:
17904:
17903:
17893:
17892:
17891:
17881:
17880:
17879:
17871:French Indochina
17869:
17868:
17867:
17857:
17855:
17854:
17844:
17843:
17842:
17832:
17831:
17830:
17820:
17819:
17818:
17808:
17807:
17806:
17796:
17795:
17794:
17784:
17783:
17782:
17772:
17771:
17770:
17760:
17759:
17758:
17748:
17747:
17746:
17736:
17735:
17734:
17724:
17723:
17722:
17712:
17711:
17710:
17683:
17676:
17669:
17660:
17659:
17649:
17642:
17635:
17632:World portal
17630:
17629:
17605:
17598:
17591:
17584:
17575:
17568:
17561:
17552:
17545:
17538:
17531:
17524:
17517:
17508:
17501:
17494:
17492:Prague offensive
17487:
17485:Battle of Berlin
17480:
17473:
17466:
17459:
17452:
17445:
17438:
17431:
17429:Vienna offensive
17424:
17417:
17410:
17408:Battle of Manila
17403:
17383:
17374:
17365:
17358:
17349:
17342:
17335:
17328:
17321:
17314:
17307:
17298:
17289:
17282:
17273:
17266:
17259:
17252:
17243:
17236:
17229:
17222:
17215:
17208:
17201:
17192:
17185:
17176:
17167:
17158:
17151:
17149:Korsun–Cherkassy
17144:
17133:
17111:
17102:
17095:
17088:
17081:
17074:
17067:
17060:
17051:
17044:
17037:
17030:
17021:
17014:
17007:
17000:
16993:
16991:Bombing of Gorky
16986:
16979:
16972:
16952:
16945:
16936:
16929:
16922:
16913:
16906:
16899:
16892:
16881:
16874:
16867:
16860:
16858:Battle of Midway
16853:
16846:
16844:Battle of Gazala
16839:
16832:
16825:
16818:
16811:
16804:
16797:
16777:
16770:
16763:
16756:
16754:Battle of Borneo
16749:
16747:Malayan campaign
16742:
16735:
16728:
16721:
16714:
16707:
16700:
16693:
16691:Bombing of Gorky
16686:
16684:Battle of Moscow
16679:
16672:
16665:
16658:
16651:
16644:
16628:
16621:
16614:
16607:
16600:
16593:
16584:
16577:
16570:
16563:
16556:
16536:
16527:
16520:
16513:
16506:
16499:
16492:
16485:
16478:
16471:
16464:
16457:
16450:
16448:Battle of France
16443:
16436:
16429:
16422:
16415:
16408:
16388:
16381:
16374:
16367:
16360:
16353:
16346:
16324:
16317:
16310:
16303:
16301:Munich Agreement
16296:
16289:
16280:
16273:
16266:
16257:
16250:
16235:
16234:
16217:
16210:
16201:
16194:
16187:
16186:Soviet prisoners
16180:
16173:
16166:
16157:
16150:
16141:
16134:
16127:
16126:German prisoners
16122:
16102:
16093:
16086:
16079:
16074:
16067:
16060:
16053:
16046:
16039:
16032:
16025:
16018:
16011:
16004:
15997:
15990:
15983:
15974:
15967:
15960:
15953:
15946:
15939:
15932:
15925:
15918:
15911:
15904:
15897:
15890:
15883:
15876:
15869:
15862:
15855:
15848:
15828:
15821:
15814:
15807:
15800:
15793:
15786:
15779:
15772:
15765:
15758:
15738:
15731:
15724:
15717:
15709:
15702:
15695:
15686:
15679:
15671:
15664:
15662:French Indochina
15657:
15650:
15643:
15636:
15628:
15621:
15614:
15606:
15586:
15577:
15570:
15561:
15554:
15547:
15540:
15533:
15526:
15519:
15512:
15509:from August 1944
15500:
15493:
15486:
15479:
15472:
15465:
15458:
15451:
15444:
15432:
15425:
15418:
15411:
15404:
15392:
15384:
15377:
15370:
15363:
15356:
15349:
15342:
15330:
15323:
15316:
15309:
15294:
15293:
15274:
15267:
15260:
15253:
15246:
15235:
15220:
15213:
15206:
15201:
15192:
15185:
15178:
15169:
15162:
15155:
15153:Nanjing Massacre
15148:
15141:
15132:
15130:Nuremberg trials
15123:
15116:
15109:
15102:
15095:
15088:
15079:
15072:
15065:
15058:
15038:
15031:
15024:
15015:
15008:
15001:
14994:
14987:
14980:
14971:
14962:
14955:
14948:
14941:
14932:
14925:
14918:
14911:
14904:
14897:
14890:
14883:
14863:
14854:
14847:
14840:
14831:
14824:
14817:
14810:
14801:
14794:
14787:
14778:
14771:
14764:
14757:
14750:
14743:
14736:
14734:Asia and Pacific
14716:
14709:
14702:
14695:
14688:
14681:
14674:
14665:
14663:Mulberry harbour
14658:
14651:
14644:
14637:
14630:
14623:
14616:
14609:
14600:
14593:
14586:
14577:
14570:
14563:
14556:
14549:
14542:
14535:
14528:
14521:
14514:
14505:
14498:
14483:
14482:
14471:
14464:
14455:
14448:
14441:
14434:
14427:
14420:
14413:
14392:
14385:
14378:
14369:
14368:
14359:
14304:
14193:
14160:. Penguin, 1982.
14151:At Dawn We Slept
14146:
14127:
14050:
14031:
13992:
13920:
13898:
13865:
13846:
13823:
13794:
13775:
13774:. Facts on File.
13762:
13736:
13706:
13697:
13688:
13676:
13630:
13609:
13607:
13605:
13581:
13572:
13560:
13549:
13530:
13511:
13490:
13471:
13452:
13433:
13414:
13395:
13391:978-0-31216454-6
13374:
13355:
13309:
13290:
13268:
13264:978-0-19564954-3
13249:
13240:
13238:
13236:
13216:
13197:
13178:
13159:
13130:
13121:
13110:
13091:
13089:
13087:
13074:
13052:
13031:
13022:
13003:
12984:
12980:978-0-67404130-1
12965:
12948:(4): 1053–1096.
12935:
12931:978-0-84768063-4
12914:
12905:
12886:
12877:
12858:
12854:978-0-79235851-0
12839:
12820:
12799:
12777:
12758:
12734:
12725:
12714:. Zenith Press.
12706:
12689:
12666:
12647:
12635:
12614:
12595:
12576:
12557:
12553:978-0-38572194-3
12538:
12534:978-0-76580352-8
12517:
12498:
12472:
12463:
12440:Military Affairs
12434:
12415:
12393:
12372:
12353:Evans, David C;
12349:
12340:
12317:
12298:
12279:
12260:
12241:
12222:
12201:
12182:
12163:
12144:
12135:
12126:
12107:
12088:
12065:
12046:
12033:
12010:
11991:
11985:
11977:
11968:
11949:
11930:
11921:
11894:
11875:
11856:
11847:
11818:
11799:
11771:
11765:
11759:
11753:
11747:
11741:
11735:
11734:, p. 64-66.
11729:
11723:
11717:
11711:
11705:
11699:
11698:
11696:
11694:
11685:. Archived from
11683:history.navy.mil
11675:
11669:
11663:
11657:
11656:
11655:. November 1948.
11646:
11640:
11639:
11637:
11635:
11619:
11613:
11607:
11601:
11595:
11589:
11588:
11586:
11584:
11565:
11559:
11558:
11556:
11554:
11535:
11529:
11523:
11517:
11514:
11508:
11507:
11502:
11500:
11484:
11478:
11472:
11466:
11460:
11454:
11451:
11445:
11432:
11426:
11423:
11417:
11416:
11414:
11412:
11397:
11391:
11385:
11379:
11373:
11367:
11364:
11358:
11341:, 30 BT-5RTs, 8
11320:
11314:
11299:
11293:
11292:
11278:
11272:
11271:
11269:
11267:
11252:
11246:
11239:
11233:
11227:
11221:
11220:
11218:
11216:
11197:
11186:
11185:
11183:
11181:
11166:
11160:
11154:
11145:
11139:
11133:
11127:
11121:
11115:
11109:
11103:
11097:
11091:
11085:
11079:
11073:
11072:
11070:
11068:
11053:
11047:
11041:
11035:
11029:
11023:
11020:
11011:
11005:
10996:
10995:
10993:
10991:
10980:
10974:
10973:
10971:
10969:
10964:. 15 August 2005
10954:
10948:
10924:
10918:
10917:
10905:
10899:
10892:
10886:
10885:
10867:
10861:
10860:
10858:
10856:
10841:
10835:
10834:
10832:
10830:
10806:
10800:
10794:
10788:
10782:
10776:
10770:
10764:
10758:
10752:
10751:
10749:
10747:
10726:
10720:
10710:
10701:
10695:
10689:
10674:
10668:
10650:
10641:
10640:
10638:
10636:
10615:
10609:
10608:
10606:
10604:
10589:
10583:
10577:
10568:
10562:
10556:
10550:
10544:
10538:
10532:
10517:
10511:
10505:
10496:
10490:
10481:
10471:
10465:
10459:
10453:
10443:
10434:
10428:
10422:
10416:
10410:
10404:
10398:
10392:
10386:
10380:
10374:
10368:
10362:
10356:
10350:
10344:
10338:
10328:
10322:
10316:
10310:
10293:
10287:
10281:
10272:
10266:
10260:
10254:
10245:
10239:
10226:
10220:
10214:
10204:
10198:
10192:
10183:
10181:
10154:
10143:
10137:
10131:
10125:
10119:
10113:
10107:
10090:
10084:
10078:
10069:
10068:
10066:
10064:
10044:
10038:
10032:
10023:
10013:
10007:
10001:
9990:
9984:
9971:
9961:
9955:
9945:
9939:
9933:
9927:
9926:
9924:
9922:
9907:
9901:
9900:
9898:
9896:
9881:
9875:
9869:
9863:
9853:
9847:
9837:
9831:
9825:
9819:
9813:
9804:
9798:
9783:
9777:
9768:
9762:
9756:
9750:
9744:
9738:
9732:
9726:
9720:
9714:
9708:
9702:
9696:
9693:
9687:
9680:
9674:
9673:
9671:
9669:
9660:. Archived from
9654:
9648:
9647:
9646:
9644:
9626:
9620:
9614:
9608:
9607:
9605:
9603:
9594:. Pigboats.com.
9587:
9581:
9575:
9569:
9562:
9556:
9549:
9543:
9537:
9531:
9525:
9519:
9513:
9507:
9506:
9501:. Archived from
9491:
9485:
9479:
9473:
9467:
9458:
9449:
9443:
9437:
9431:
9425:
9416:
9410:
9404:
9398:
9392:
9386:
9380:
9374:
9368:
9362:
9356:
9349:
9343:
9342:
9331:
9322:
9316:
9310:
9304:
9298:
9292:
9286:
9280:
9274:
9268:
9262:
9256:
9250:
9244:
9238:
9232:
9226:
9225:
9223:
9221:
9206:
9200:
9194:
9183:
9177:
9166:
9160:
9151:
9141:
9135:
9129:
9123:
9117:
9111:
9105:
9099:
9093:
9087:
9081:
9066:
9060:
9054:
9048:
9035:
9029:
9023:
9017:
9008:
9002:
8996:
8990:
8977:
8976:
8974:
8972:
8967:on 13 April 2010
8957:
8951:
8950:
8948:
8946:
8931:
8925:
8924:
8922:
8920:
8905:
8899:
8896:
8890:
8889:
8887:
8885:
8870:
8864:
8858:
8852:
8846:
8835:
8829:
8823:
8817:
8811:
8810:
8808:
8806:
8790:
8784:
8783:
8781:
8779:
8759:
8753:
8752:
8750:
8748:
8728:
8722:
8716:
8710:
8704:
8702:
8700:
8680:
8674:
8673:
8671:
8669:
8649:
8643:
8642:
8640:
8638:
8623:
8617:
8611:
8605:
8599:
8593:
8587:
8581:
8580:
8578:
8576:
8557:
8551:
8550:
8548:
8546:
8527:
8521:
8520:
8518:
8516:
8497:
8491:
8490:
8479:
8473:
8472:
8470:
8468:
8447:
8441:
8435:
8429:
8423:
8417:
8411:
8402:
8399:Boog et al. 2001
8396:
8390:
8384:
8375:
8369:
8363:
8357:
8351:
8345:
8339:
8333:
8327:
8320:
8314:
8311:Kokushi Daijiten
8308:
8302:
8301:
8295:
8293:
8286:Aberdeen Journal
8283:
8276:
8270:
8264:
8258:
8252:
8246:
8240:
8234:
8228:
8222:
8216:
8210:
8204:
8198:
8192:
8186:
8185:
8177:
8171:
8165:
8159:
8153:
8147:
8141:
8135:
8129:
8123:
8122:
8120:
8118:
8109:. Archived from
8103:
8097:
8091:
8085:
8079:
8073:
8072:
8071:. Amerasia, inc.
8061:
8052:
8051:
8049:
8047:
8036:
8030:
8029:
8027:
8025:
8010:
8004:
8003:
8001:
7999:
7994:on 19 March 2011
7984:
7978:
7972:
7966:
7960:
7954:
7948:
7942:
7936:
7930:
7924:
7918:
7912:
7906:
7900:
7894:
7874:
7868:
7862:
7856:
7846:
7840:
7834:
7828:
7827:, p. 1057n.
7822:
7816:
7810:
7804:
7794:
7788:
7782:
7776:
7770:
7761:
7755:
7749:
7746:
7740:
7734:
7725:
7719:
7710:
7704:
7695:
7689:
7683:
7682:
7680:
7678:
7663:
7657:
7651:
7642:
7641:
7639:
7637:
7627:
7621:
7605:
7599:
7598:
7596:
7594:
7580:
7574:
7573:
7571:
7569:
7558:
7552:
7551:
7545:
7539:
7533:
7528:
7526:
7518:
7516:
7514:
7499:
7493:
7490:
7484:
7478:
7469:
7468:
7450:
7444:
7434:
7428:
7425:
7419:
7404:
7398:
7397:
7385:
7374:
7373:
7352:
7341:
7334:
7328:
7310:
7304:
7298:
7292:
7286:
7280:
7274:
7268:
7262:
7256:
7250:
7244:
7238:
7232:
7231:
7229:
7227:
7212:
7206:
7200:
7191:
7185:
7179:
7172:
7166:
7160:
7154:
7148:
7142:
7136:
7130:
7124:
7115:
7109:
7083:
7080:Battle of Saipan
7078:, 22,000 in the
7072:
7066:
7059:
7053:
7041:
7035:
7032:
7026:
7019:
7017:
7016:
7005:
7003:
7002:
6995:1,000 casualties
6991:
6989:
6988:
6977:
6975:
6974:
6963:
6961:
6960:
6949:
6947:
6946:
6935:
6933:
6932:
6921:
6919:
6918:
6907:
6905:
6904:
6893:
6891:
6890:
6879:
6877:
6876:
6867:
6861:
6858:
6852:
6848:
6837:
6834:
6828:
6811:
6805:
6798:
6792:
6785:
6779:
6772:
6766:
6763:
6757:
6754:
6748:
6745:
6739:
6736:
6730:
6729:Until April 1945
6727:
6721:
6710:
6704:
6698:
6622:
6617:
6616:
6615:
6538:Burma–Thailand "
6509:prisoners of war
6224:French Indochina
6112:Formosa (Taiwan)
6053:
6049:
5871:20 million.
5787:
5668:Yalta Conference
5656:Richard B. Frank
5459:, under General
5323:Mitsuru Ushijima
5063:Sulu Archipelago
4821:Leyte Gulf, 1944
4714:The invasion of
4639:Battle of Saipan
4515:Battle of Imphal
4385:Mark VI exploder
4303:troop transports
4261:Cairo Conference
4251:Cairo Conference
4231:Cairo Conference
4186:and the rest of
4126:commerce defense
4115:American forces
4062:Viceroy of India
4037:under Brigadier
4007:famine in Bengal
3916:in November 1943
3890:Ironbottom Sound
3726:Japanese marines
3607:Battle of Midway
3597:under attack by
3228:
3167:Bataan Peninsula
3155:US Asiatic Fleet
2977:Archibald Wavell
2930:Malayan Campaign
2903:war of attrition
2822:surprise attacks
2571:Nanjing Massacre
2555:nominal alliance
2431:
2430:
2400:Timorese militia
2392:French Indochina
2339:of the Japanese
2251:border conflicts
2178:as well as from
2128:
2126:
2120:
2119:
2109:
2107:
2101:
2100:
2089:
2087:
2081:
2080:
2066:
2064:
2058:
2057:
2023:Allied countries
2017:Names of the war
1936:invaded Thailand
1849:Asia–Pacific War
1825:French Indochina
1468:
1457:
1450:
1443:
1434:
1433:
1318:
1316:
1305:
1298:
1291:
1282:
1281:
1250:Manchuria (1945)
1105:Aleutian Islands
955:Indochina (1945)
925:Indochina (1940)
911:2nd Indian Ocean
894:1st Indian Ocean
889:Christmas Island
794:
784:
777:
770:
761:
760:
685:21,555+ aircraft
643:
642:
635:
629:
628:
619:
618:
609:
608:
594:1,747,465 (1945)
593:
592:
583:
582:
573:
572:
564:
563:
554:
553:
544:
543:
519:
518:
517:
507:
506:
505:
483:
482:
481:
471:
470:
469:
459:
458:
457:
424:
420:
418:
417:
386:
384:
383:
373:
371:
370:
363:
359:
357:
356:
192:
191:
122:
113:
102:
93:
82:
73:
48:
47:
19299:
19298:
19294:
19293:
19292:
19290:
19289:
19288:
19269:
19268:
19267:
19262:
19248:Yasukuni Shrine
19182:
19159:
19101:
19055:
19001:
18953:Tripartite Pact
18948:Rape of Nanking
18889:
18875:Tapani incident
18819:
18795:Boxer Rebellion
18753:
18733:
18697:
18688:
18637:
18628:
18563:
18543:
18537:Representatives
18505:
18502:
18501:Legislative and
18494:
18460:Foreign Affairs
18423:
18420:
18405:
18304:
18283:Government Seal
18268:Rising Sun Flag
18251:
18245:
18237:
18229:
18216:
18207:
18109:
18107:Empire of Japan
18104:
18074:
18069:
18046:
18045:
18035:
18033:
18023:
18021:
18011:
18009:
17999:
17997:
17987:
17985:
17975:
17973:
17963:
17961:
17958:
17950:
17948:
17943:Occupied Malaya
17937:
17935:
17925:
17923:
17913:
17911:
17901:
17899:
17889:
17887:
17877:
17875:
17865:
17863:
17852:
17850:
17840:
17838:
17828:
17826:
17816:
17814:
17804:
17802:
17792:
17790:
17780:
17778:
17768:
17766:
17756:
17754:
17744:
17742:
17732:
17730:
17720:
17718:
17708:
17706:
17697:
17691:Empire of Japan
17687:
17657:
17652:
17645:
17638:
17624:
17622:
17610:
17601:
17594:
17587:
17580:
17571:
17564:
17557:
17548:
17543:Atomic bombings
17541:
17534:
17527:
17520:
17513:
17504:
17497:
17490:
17483:
17476:
17469:
17462:
17455:
17448:
17441:
17434:
17427:
17420:
17413:
17406:
17399:
17386:
17379:
17368:
17361:
17354:
17345:
17338:
17331:
17324:
17317:
17310:
17301:
17292:
17285:
17276:
17269:
17262:
17255:
17246:
17239:
17234:Eastern Romania
17232:
17227:Warsaw Uprising
17225:
17220:Tannenberg Line
17218:
17211:
17206:Western Ukraine
17204:
17195:
17188:
17179:
17170:
17161:
17154:
17147:
17136:
17127:
17114:
17107:
17098:
17091:
17084:
17077:
17070:
17063:
17056:
17047:
17040:
17033:
17024:
17017:
17010:
17003:
16998:Battle of Kursk
16996:
16989:
16982:
16975:
16968:
16955:
16948:
16939:
16932:
16925:
16916:
16909:
16902:
16895:
16886:
16877:
16870:
16863:
16856:
16849:
16842:
16835:
16828:
16821:
16814:
16809:St Nazaire Raid
16807:
16800:
16793:
16780:
16773:
16766:
16759:
16752:
16745:
16738:
16731:
16724:
16717:
16710:
16703:
16696:
16689:
16682:
16675:
16668:
16661:
16654:
16647:
16633:
16624:
16617:
16610:
16603:
16596:
16591:Anglo-Iraqi War
16589:
16582:Battle of Crete
16580:
16573:
16566:
16559:
16552:
16539:
16530:
16523:
16516:
16511:Eastern Romania
16509:
16502:
16495:
16488:
16481:
16474:
16467:
16460:
16453:
16446:
16439:
16432:
16425:
16418:
16411:
16404:
16391:
16384:
16377:
16370:
16363:
16356:
16349:
16342:
16329:
16320:
16313:
16306:
16299:
16292:
16285:
16276:
16269:
16262:
16253:
16246:
16220:
16213:
16206:
16197:
16190:
16185:
16176:
16169:
16162:
16153:
16146:
16137:
16130:
16125:
16118:
16105:
16098:
16089:
16082:
16077:
16072:Western Ukraine
16070:
16063:
16056:
16049:
16042:
16035:
16028:
16021:
16016:Northeast China
16014:
16007:
16000:
15993:
15986:
15979:
15970:
15963:
15956:
15949:
15942:
15935:
15928:
15921:
15914:
15907:
15900:
15893:
15886:
15879:
15872:
15865:
15858:
15851:
15844:
15831:
15824:
15817:
15810:
15803:
15796:
15789:
15782:
15775:
15768:
15761:
15754:
15741:
15734:
15727:
15722:Slovak Republic
15720:
15712:
15705:
15698:
15693:Empire of Japan
15691:
15682:
15674:
15667:
15660:
15653:
15646:
15639:
15631:
15624:
15617:
15609:
15602:
15589:
15582:
15573:
15566:
15557:
15550:
15543:
15536:
15529:
15522:
15515:
15503:
15496:
15489:
15482:
15475:
15468:
15461:
15454:
15447:
15435:
15428:
15421:
15414:
15407:
15395:
15387:
15380:
15373:
15366:
15359:
15352:
15345:
15333:
15326:
15319:
15312:
15305:
15279:
15270:
15263:
15256:
15249:
15238:
15223:
15216:
15209:
15205:Sexual violence
15204:
15197:
15188:
15181:
15174:
15165:
15158:
15151:
15144:
15137:
15128:
15119:
15112:
15105:
15098:
15091:
15084:
15075:
15068:
15061:
15054:
15041:
15034:
15027:
15020:
15011:
15004:
14997:
14990:
14983:
14974:
14965:
14958:
14951:
14944:
14935:
14928:
14923:Greek Civil War
14921:
14914:
14907:
14900:
14893:
14886:
14879:
14866:
14859:
14850:
14843:
14836:
14827:
14820:
14813:
14806:
14797:
14790:
14783:
14774:
14767:
14760:
14753:
14748:South-East Asia
14746:
14739:
14732:
14719:
14712:
14705:
14698:
14691:
14684:
14677:
14670:
14661:
14654:
14647:
14640:
14633:
14626:
14619:
14612:
14607:Military awards
14605:
14596:
14589:
14582:
14573:
14566:
14559:
14552:
14545:
14538:
14531:
14524:
14517:
14510:
14501:
14494:
14474:
14467:
14460:
14451:
14444:
14437:
14432:
14423:
14416:
14409:
14401:
14396:
14357:
14341:Wayback Machine
14329:Wayback Machine
14312:
14307:
14301:
14190:
14174:(2009). 458 pp.
14163:Prange, et al.
14156:Prange, et al.
14143:
14124:
14047:
14006:Wayback Machine
13989:
13939:The Divine Wind
13917:
13895:
13862:
13843:
13791:
13768:Nofi, Albert A.
13759:
13739:Dean, Peter J.
13733:
13685:
13664:
13658:
13656:Further reading
13653:
13636:Primary sources
13627:
13603:
13601:
13599:
13569:
13546:
13527:
13508:
13487:
13468:
13449:
13430:
13411:
13392:
13371:
13320:Spector, Ronald
13306:
13287:
13265:
13234:
13232:
13213:
13194:
13175:
13156:
13129:. Bantam Books.
13107:
13085:
13083:
13071:
13057:Peattie, Mark R
13049:
13019:
13000:
12981:
12932:
12902:
12874:
12855:
12817:
12796:
12774:
12755:
12722:
12686:
12663:
12632:
12611:
12592:
12573:
12554:
12535:
12514:
12495:
12452:10.2307/1983926
12431:
12412:
12390:
12369:
12355:Peattie, Mark R
12337:
12314:
12295:
12276:
12257:
12238:
12198:
12179:
12160:
12123:
12104:
12085:
12062:
12030:
12007:
11979:
11978:
11965:
11946:
11918:
11891:
11872:
11836:10.2307/3641184
11815:
11796:
11779:
11774:
11766:
11762:
11754:
11750:
11742:
11738:
11730:
11726:
11718:
11714:
11706:
11702:
11692:
11690:
11677:
11676:
11672:
11664:
11660:
11648:
11647:
11643:
11633:
11631:
11620:
11616:
11608:
11604:
11596:
11592:
11582:
11580:
11567:
11566:
11562:
11552:
11550:
11537:
11536:
11532:
11524:
11520:
11515:
11511:
11498:
11496:
11485:
11481:
11473:
11469:
11461:
11457:
11452:
11448:
11442:Wayback Machine
11433:
11429:
11424:
11420:
11410:
11408:
11399:
11398:
11394:
11386:
11382:
11374:
11370:
11365:
11361:
11331:Wayback Machine
11321:
11317:
11300:
11296:
11286:Canadian Heroes
11280:
11279:
11275:
11265:
11263:
11253:
11249:
11240:
11236:
11228:
11224:
11214:
11212:
11199:
11198:
11189:
11179:
11177:
11167:
11163:
11155:
11148:
11140:
11136:
11128:
11124:
11116:
11112:
11104:
11100:
11092:
11088:
11080:
11076:
11066:
11064:
11055:
11054:
11050:
11042:
11038:
11030:
11026:
11021:
11014:
11008:Clodfelter 2002
11006:
10999:
10989:
10987:
10982:
10981:
10977:
10967:
10965:
10956:
10955:
10951:
10945:Wayback Machine
10934:Wayback Machine
10925:
10921:
10911:
10906:
10902:
10893:
10889:
10882:
10868:
10864:
10854:
10852:
10843:
10842:
10838:
10828:
10826:
10807:
10803:
10795:
10791:
10785:Greenfield 1967
10783:
10779:
10771:
10767:
10759:
10755:
10745:
10743:
10728:
10727:
10723:
10711:
10704:
10696:
10692:
10675:
10671:
10661:Wayback Machine
10651:
10644:
10634:
10632:
10617:
10616:
10612:
10602:
10600:
10591:
10590:
10586:
10578:
10571:
10563:
10559:
10551:
10547:
10539:
10535:
10529:Wayback Machine
10518:
10514:
10506:
10499:
10491:
10484:
10476:, p. 445;
10472:
10468:
10460:
10456:
10448:, p. 445;
10444:
10437:
10429:
10425:
10417:
10413:
10405:
10401:
10393:
10389:
10381:
10377:
10369:
10365:
10357:
10353:
10345:
10341:
10333:, p. 303;
10329:
10325:
10317:
10313:
10308:Wayback Machine
10301:in Project MUSE
10294:
10290:
10282:
10275:
10267:
10263:
10255:
10248:
10240:
10229:
10221:
10217:
10209:, p. 408;
10205:
10201:
10193:
10186:
10178:
10155:
10146:
10138:
10134:
10126:
10122:
10114:
10110:
10101:Wayback Machine
10091:
10087:
10079:
10072:
10062:
10060:
10045:
10041:
10033:
10026:
10014:
10010:
10002:
9993:
9985:
9974:
9962:
9958:
9950:, p. 188;
9946:
9942:
9934:
9930:
9920:
9918:
9917:on 3 March 2016
9909:
9908:
9904:
9894:
9892:
9883:
9882:
9878:
9870:
9866:
9858:, p. 230;
9854:
9850:
9842:, p. 227;
9838:
9834:
9826:
9822:
9814:
9807:
9799:
9786:
9778:
9771:
9763:
9759:
9751:
9747:
9739:
9735:
9727:
9723:
9715:
9711:
9703:
9699:
9694:
9690:
9681:
9677:
9667:
9665:
9656:
9655:
9651:
9642:
9640:
9627:
9623:
9615:
9611:
9601:
9599:
9588:
9584:
9576:
9572:
9563:
9559:
9550:
9546:
9538:
9534:
9526:
9522:
9514:
9510:
9493:
9492:
9488:
9480:
9476:
9468:
9461:
9450:
9446:
9438:
9434:
9426:
9419:
9411:
9407:
9399:
9395:
9387:
9383:
9375:
9371:
9363:
9359:
9350:
9346:
9333:
9332:
9325:
9317:
9313:
9305:
9301:
9293:
9289:
9281:
9277:
9269:
9265:
9257:
9253:
9245:
9241:
9233:
9229:
9219:
9217:
9208:
9207:
9203:
9195:
9186:
9178:
9169:
9161:
9154:
9142:
9138:
9130:
9126:
9118:
9114:
9106:
9102:
9094:
9090:
9082:
9069:
9061:
9057:
9049:
9038:
9030:
9026:
9018:
9011:
9003:
8999:
8991:
8980:
8970:
8968:
8959:
8958:
8954:
8944:
8942:
8933:
8932:
8928:
8918:
8916:
8907:
8906:
8902:
8897:
8893:
8883:
8881:
8872:
8871:
8867:
8859:
8855:
8847:
8838:
8830:
8826:
8818:
8814:
8804:
8802:
8791:
8787:
8777:
8775:
8760:
8756:
8746:
8744:
8729:
8725:
8717:
8713:
8707:Battle of Timor
8698:
8696:
8681:
8677:
8667:
8665:
8650:
8646:
8636:
8634:
8625:
8624:
8620:
8612:
8608:
8600:
8596:
8588:
8584:
8574:
8572:
8559:
8558:
8554:
8544:
8542:
8529:
8528:
8524:
8514:
8512:
8499:
8498:
8494:
8481:
8480:
8476:
8466:
8464:
8449:
8448:
8444:
8436:
8432:
8424:
8420:
8412:
8405:
8397:
8393:
8385:
8378:
8370:
8366:
8358:
8354:
8346:
8342:
8334:
8330:
8321:
8317:
8309:
8305:
8291:
8289:
8278:
8277:
8273:
8265:
8261:
8253:
8249:
8241:
8237:
8229:
8225:
8217:
8213:
8205:
8201:
8193:
8189:
8178:
8174:
8166:
8162:
8154:
8150:
8142:
8138:
8130:
8126:
8116:
8114:
8105:
8104:
8100:
8092:
8088:
8080:
8076:
8065:Philip J. Jaffe
8062:
8055:
8045:
8043:
8038:
8037:
8033:
8023:
8021:
8012:
8011:
8007:
7997:
7995:
7986:
7985:
7981:
7973:
7969:
7961:
7957:
7951:Clodfelter 2002
7949:
7945:
7937:
7933:
7925:
7921:
7913:
7909:
7901:
7897:
7875:
7871:
7863:
7859:
7847:
7843:
7837:Clodfelter 2002
7835:
7831:
7823:
7819:
7811:
7807:
7795:
7791:
7783:
7779:
7771:
7764:
7756:
7752:
7747:
7743:
7735:
7728:
7724:, pp. 527.
7722:Clodfelter 2017
7720:
7713:
7705:
7698:
7690:
7686:
7676:
7674:
7665:
7664:
7660:
7652:
7645:
7635:
7633:
7629:
7628:
7624:
7606:
7602:
7592:
7590:
7588:Avalanche Press
7582:
7581:
7577:
7567:
7565:
7560:
7559:
7555:
7543:
7541:
7531:
7529:
7520:
7519:
7512:
7510:
7501:
7500:
7496:
7491:
7487:
7479:
7472:
7465:
7451:
7447:
7435:
7431:
7426:
7422:
7408:Malaya Campaign
7405:
7401:
7391:
7386:
7377:
7370:
7353:
7344:
7335:
7331:
7311:
7307:
7299:
7295:
7287:
7283:
7275:
7271:
7263:
7259:
7251:
7247:
7239:
7235:
7225:
7223:
7214:
7213:
7209:
7201:
7194:
7186:
7182:
7173:
7169:
7161:
7157:
7149:
7145:
7137:
7133:
7125:
7118:
7110:
7101:
7097:
7092:
7087:
7086:
7073:
7069:
7060:
7056:
7042:
7038:
7033:
7029:
7014:
7012:
7000:
6998:
6986:
6984:
6972:
6970:
6958:
6956:
6944:
6942:
6930:
6928:
6916:
6914:
6902:
6900:
6888:
6886:
6874:
6872:
6868:
6864:
6859:
6855:
6849:
6845:
6840:
6835:
6831:
6812:
6808:
6799:
6795:
6786:
6782:
6773:
6769:
6764:
6760:
6755:
6751:
6747:Until July 1944
6746:
6742:
6738:Until July 1945
6737:
6733:
6728:
6724:
6711:
6707:
6699:
6695:
6691:
6678:Yasukuni Shrine
6673:War Plan Orange
6618:
6613:
6611:
6608:
6596:
6569:
6563:
6528:Manila massacre
6505:
6500:
6494:
6485:Manila massacre
6477:
6406:Solomon Islands
6196:Central Pacific
6013:
5992:
5943:
5857:
5837:, November 1943
5827:
5822:
5817:
5788:
5785:
5737:
5731:
5702:(11–25 August)
5664:
5618:
5604:
5584:Harry S. Truman
5546:atomic bombings
5522:
5510:Main articles:
5508:
5461:Leslie Morshead
5449:
5435:
5406:
5398:Main articles:
5396:
5282:
5276:
5216:Mount Suribachi
5199:
5193:
5107:
5090:
5085:
5075:
5040:Puerto Princesa
4976:General Krueger
4944:
4927:
4900:Jesse Oldendorf
4869:Shōji Nishimura
4829:
4823:
4778:proximity fuzes
4731:
4725:
4673:captured Tinian
4669:recaptured Guam
4662:Mount Tapotchau
4645:
4633:Main articles:
4623:
4555:Gilbert Islands
4543:
4531:prolonged siege
4487:Geoffry Scoones
4468:Arakan Province
4464:Indian XV Corps
4456:
4438:
4418:
4413:
4381:Mark 14 torpedo
4279:
4273:
4253:
4241:
4227:Chiang Kai-shek
4219:
4204:Cape Gloucester
4152:
4140:Main articles:
4138:
4109:
4078:Joseph Stilwell
4070:Fourteenth Army
4003:
3997:
3995:Burma 1942–1943
3988:Joseph Stilwell
3984:Chiang Kai-shek
3923:
3921:China 1942–1943
3906:
3796:Henderson Field
3753:
3707:Solomon Islands
3703:
3695:Main articles:
3693:
3667:. The crippled
3609:
3586:
3430:
3424:
3321:
3293:
3229:
3224:Prime Minister
3223:
3192:
3175:attacked Bataan
3150:
3132:
3110:. This cut the
3086:valley and the
3084:Irrawaddy River
2961:Prince of Wales
2914:
2894:
2870:
2858:Thai government
2830:the Philippines
2814:
2778:
2741:
2666:Battle of Zaoyi
2616:Soviet Far East
2551:their civil war
2523:
2513:Chiang Kai-shek
2505:
2500:
2450:South-East Asia
2446:Central Pacific
2438:
2317:
2152:
2139:
2131:Mukden Incident
2114:
2095:
2075:
2050:
2036:Pacific theater
2019:
2002:
1920:the Philippines
1896:Empire of Japan
1853:Pacific Theater
1841:
1840:
1839:
1834:
1721:Other campaigns
1715:Southern France
1624:Burma and India
1619:South-East Asia
1614:Franco-Thai War
1469:
1463:
1461:
1431:
1426:
1412:China (1937–45)
1383:Tsingtao (1914)
1370:
1319:
1315:Empire of Japan
1314:
1311:
1309:
1279:
1274:
1266:
1178:Mariana Islands
1051:Solomon Islands
1020:Burma (1944–45)
1010:Burma (1942–43)
1005:Burma (1941–42)
998:Burma and India
930:Franco-Thai War
877:Andaman Islands
804:Central Pacific
795:
790:
788:
754:
751:
743:Civilian deaths
739:
706:
703:
695:Civilian deaths
691:
651:
637:
623:
613:
603:
597:
587:
577:
567:
566:
558:
548:
538:
525:
515:
513:
503:
501:
489:
479:
477:
467:
465:
461:Chiang Kai-shek
455:
453:
427:
415:
413:
392:
381:
379:
368:
366:
354:
352:
260:
243:
242:
199:
186:
127:
126:
125:
124:
123:
115:
114:
105:
104:
103:
95:
94:
85:
84:
83:
75:
74:
42:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
19297:
19287:
19286:
19281:
19264:
19263:
19261:
19260:
19255:
19250:
19245:
19240:
19235:
19230:
19225:
19220:
19215:
19210:
19205:
19200:
19194:
19192:
19188:
19187:
19184:
19183:
19181:
19180:
19179:
19178:
19167:
19165:
19161:
19160:
19158:
19157:
19152:
19147:
19142:
19137:
19132:
19127:
19122:
19117:
19111:
19109:
19103:
19102:
19100:
19099:
19094:
19092:State of Burma
19089:
19084:
19079:
19074:
19069:
19063:
19061:
19057:
19056:
19054:
19053:
19048:
19043:
19038:
19033:
19020:
19018:
19011:
19007:
19006:
19003:
19002:
19000:
18999:
18994:
18980:
18975:
18970:
18965:
18960:
18955:
18950:
18945:
18940:
18935:
18930:
18925:
18920:
18918:Musha Incident
18915:
18910:
18908:Jinan incident
18905:
18899:
18897:
18891:
18890:
18888:
18887:
18882:
18877:
18872:
18867:
18862:
18857:
18852:
18847:
18842:
18841:
18840:
18829:
18827:
18821:
18820:
18818:
18817:
18812:
18807:
18802:
18797:
18792:
18787:
18782:
18777:
18772:
18767:
18765:Beipu uprising
18762:
18756:
18754:
18749:
18743:
18739:
18738:
18735:
18734:
18732:
18731:
18729:Treaty Faction
18726:
18721:
18716:
18711:
18706:
18700:
18698:
18693:
18690:
18689:
18687:
18686:
18681:
18676:
18671:
18666:
18661:
18659:Imperial Guard
18656:
18651:
18646:
18640:
18638:
18633:
18630:
18629:
18627:
18626:
18621:
18616:
18611:
18606:
18601:
18600:
18599:
18584:
18583:
18582:
18577:
18566:
18564:
18559:
18553:
18549:
18548:
18545:
18544:
18542:
18541:
18540:
18539:
18534:
18524:
18519:
18514:
18508:
18506:
18499:
18496:
18495:
18493:
18492:
18487:
18482:
18477:
18472:
18467:
18462:
18457:
18452:
18447:
18442:
18437:
18432:
18426:
18424:
18419:Administration
18417:
18411:
18407:
18406:
18404:
18403:
18398:
18393:
18388:
18383:
18378:
18373:
18368:
18363:
18358:
18353:
18348:
18343:
18338:
18333:
18328:
18323:
18318:
18312:
18310:
18306:
18305:
18303:
18302:
18297:
18296:
18295:
18290:
18285:
18280:
18270:
18265:
18259:
18257:
18253:
18252:
18250:
18249:
18241:
18233:
18224:
18222:
18218:
18217:
18210:
18208:
18206:
18205:
18200:
18195:
18190:
18185:
18184:
18183:
18173:
18168:
18163:
18158:
18153:
18148:
18143:
18138:
18133:
18128:
18123:
18117:
18115:
18111:
18110:
18103:
18102:
18095:
18088:
18080:
18071:
18070:
18068:
18067:
18062:
18057:
18051:
18048:
18047:
18044:
18043:
18031:
18019:
18007:
18005:Occupied Nauru
17995:
17983:
17971:
17959:
17947:
17945:
17933:
17921:
17909:
17897:
17885:
17873:
17861:
17848:
17836:
17834:State of Burma
17824:
17812:
17800:
17788:
17776:
17764:
17752:
17740:
17728:
17716:
17703:
17702:
17699:
17698:
17686:
17685:
17678:
17671:
17663:
17654:
17653:
17651:
17650:
17643:
17636:
17619:
17616:
17615:
17612:
17611:
17609:
17608:
17607:
17606:
17599:
17592:
17578:
17577:
17576:
17562:
17559:South Sakhalin
17555:
17554:
17553:
17539:
17532:
17525:
17518:
17511:
17510:
17509:
17495:
17488:
17481:
17474:
17467:
17460:
17453:
17446:
17439:
17432:
17425:
17418:
17411:
17404:
17396:
17394:
17388:
17387:
17385:
17384:
17377:
17376:
17375:
17359:
17352:
17351:
17350:
17336:
17329:
17322:
17315:
17308:
17299:
17290:
17283:
17274:
17267:
17260:
17253:
17244:
17237:
17230:
17223:
17216:
17209:
17202:
17193:
17186:
17177:
17168:
17159:
17152:
17145:
17134:
17124:
17122:
17116:
17115:
17113:
17112:
17105:
17104:
17103:
17096:
17082:
17075:
17068:
17061:
17054:
17053:
17052:
17038:
17031:
17022:
17015:
17008:
17001:
16994:
16987:
16984:Battle of Attu
16980:
16973:
16965:
16963:
16957:
16956:
16954:
16953:
16946:
16937:
16930:
16923:
16914:
16907:
16900:
16893:
16884:
16883:
16882:
16875:
16861:
16854:
16847:
16840:
16833:
16826:
16819:
16812:
16805:
16798:
16790:
16788:
16782:
16781:
16779:
16778:
16771:
16764:
16757:
16750:
16743:
16736:
16733:Battle of Guam
16729:
16722:
16715:
16708:
16701:
16694:
16687:
16680:
16673:
16666:
16659:
16656:Battle of Kiev
16652:
16645:
16631:
16630:
16629:
16615:
16608:
16601:
16594:
16587:
16586:
16585:
16571:
16564:
16557:
16549:
16547:
16541:
16540:
16538:
16537:
16528:
16521:
16514:
16507:
16500:
16493:
16486:
16479:
16472:
16465:
16458:
16451:
16444:
16437:
16430:
16423:
16416:
16409:
16401:
16399:
16393:
16392:
16390:
16389:
16382:
16375:
16368:
16361:
16354:
16347:
16339:
16337:
16331:
16330:
16328:
16327:
16326:
16325:
16318:
16311:
16304:
16297:
16283:
16282:
16281:
16274:
16260:
16259:
16258:
16243:
16241:
16232:
16226:
16225:
16222:
16221:
16219:
16218:
16211:
16204:
16203:
16202:
16195:
16183:
16182:
16181:
16167:
16160:
16159:
16158:
16155:United Kingdom
16151:
16144:
16143:
16142:
16123:
16115:
16113:
16107:
16106:
16104:
16103:
16096:
16095:
16094:
16087:
16075:
16068:
16061:
16054:
16047:
16040:
16033:
16026:
16019:
16012:
16005:
15998:
15991:
15984:
15977:
15976:
15975:
15968:
15954:
15947:
15940:
15933:
15926:
15919:
15912:
15905:
15898:
15891:
15884:
15877:
15870:
15863:
15856:
15849:
15841:
15839:
15833:
15832:
15830:
15829:
15822:
15815:
15808:
15801:
15794:
15787:
15780:
15773:
15766:
15759:
15751:
15749:
15743:
15742:
15740:
15739:
15732:
15725:
15718:
15710:
15703:
15696:
15689:
15688:
15687:
15672:
15665:
15658:
15651:
15644:
15637:
15629:
15622:
15615:
15607:
15599:
15597:
15591:
15590:
15588:
15587:
15580:
15579:
15578:
15564:
15563:
15562:
15559:British Empire
15552:United Kingdom
15548:
15541:
15534:
15527:
15520:
15513:
15501:
15494:
15487:
15480:
15473:
15466:
15459:
15452:
15445:
15433:
15426:
15419:
15412:
15405:
15393:
15385:
15378:
15371:
15368:Czechoslovakia
15364:
15357:
15350:
15343:
15331:
15324:
15317:
15310:
15302:
15300:
15291:
15285:
15284:
15281:
15280:
15278:
15277:
15276:
15275:
15268:
15265:Rape of Manila
15261:
15254:
15247:
15236:
15221:
15214:
15202:
15195:
15194:
15193:
15186:
15172:
15171:
15170:
15163:
15156:
15142:
15135:
15134:
15133:
15126:
15125:
15124:
15117:
15103:
15096:
15082:
15081:
15080:
15073:
15066:
15051:
15049:
15043:
15042:
15040:
15039:
15036:United Nations
15032:
15025:
15018:
15017:
15016:
15009:
15002:
14995:
14981:
14972:
14963:
14956:
14949:
14942:
14933:
14926:
14919:
14912:
14905:
14898:
14895:Decolonization
14891:
14884:
14876:
14874:
14868:
14867:
14865:
14864:
14857:
14856:
14855:
14841:
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14758:
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14668:
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14666:
14659:
14645:
14638:
14631:
14624:
14617:
14610:
14603:
14602:
14601:
14587:
14580:
14579:
14578:
14571:
14568:United Kingdom
14564:
14550:
14543:
14536:
14529:
14522:
14515:
14508:
14507:
14506:
14491:
14489:
14480:
14476:
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14473:
14472:
14465:
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14457:
14456:
14449:
14442:
14430:
14429:
14428:
14414:
14406:
14403:
14402:
14395:
14394:
14387:
14380:
14372:
14366:
14365:
14354:
14349:
14343:
14331:
14319:
14311:
14310:External links
14308:
14306:
14305:
14299:
14286:
14271:
14269:978-0393080650
14255:
14253:978-0393080643
14239:
14237:978-0393080650
14221:
14208:
14201:
14194:
14188:
14175:
14168:
14161:
14154:
14147:
14141:
14128:
14122:
14109:
14104:Potter, E. B.
14102:
14097:Potter, E. B.
14095:
14088:
14081:
14074:
14063:
14051:
14045:
14032:
14013:
13993:
13987:
13970:
13963:
13956:
13949:
13942:
13935:
13928:
13921:
13915:
13899:
13893:
13877:
13866:
13860:
13847:
13841:
13824:
13806:(1): 137–182.
13795:
13789:
13776:
13763:
13757:
13744:
13737:
13731:
13718:
13707:
13698:
13689:
13683:
13665:
13660:Main article:
13657:
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13217:
13211:
13198:
13192:
13179:
13173:
13160:
13154:
13131:
13122:
13111:
13105:
13092:
13082:. The Atlantic
13075:
13069:
13053:
13047:
13032:
13023:
13017:
13004:
12998:
12985:
12979:
12966:
12936:
12930:
12915:
12913:. Bodley Head.
12906:
12900:
12887:
12878:
12872:
12859:
12853:
12840:
12821:
12815:
12800:
12794:
12782:Lin, Hsiao-tin
12778:
12772:
12759:
12753:
12735:
12726:
12720:
12707:
12690:
12684:
12667:
12661:
12648:
12636:
12630:
12615:
12609:
12596:
12590:
12577:
12571:
12558:
12552:
12539:
12533:
12518:
12512:
12499:
12493:
12473:
12464:
12446:(2): 312–336.
12435:
12429:
12416:
12410:
12394:
12388:
12373:
12367:
12350:
12341:
12335:
12318:
12312:
12299:
12293:
12280:
12274:
12261:
12255:
12242:
12236:
12223:
12207:Soviet Studies
12202:
12196:
12183:
12177:
12164:
12158:
12145:
12136:
12127:
12121:
12108:
12102:
12089:
12083:
12066:
12060:
12047:
12034:
12028:
12022:. p. 41.
12011:
12005:
11992:
11969:
11963:
11950:
11944:
11931:
11927:Silent Victory
11922:
11916:
11895:
11889:
11876:
11870:
11857:
11848:
11830:(4): 477–512.
11819:
11813:
11800:
11794:
11780:
11778:
11775:
11773:
11772:
11760:
11748:
11736:
11724:
11712:
11700:
11689:on 28 May 2014
11670:
11658:
11641:
11614:
11602:
11590:
11560:
11545:. Hawaii.edu.
11539:"Rummel, R.J.
11530:
11518:
11509:
11479:
11467:
11455:
11446:
11427:
11418:
11392:
11380:
11368:
11359:
11315:
11294:
11273:
11247:
11234:
11222:
11187:
11161:
11146:
11144:, p. 317.
11134:
11132:, p. 240.
11122:
11120:, p. 743.
11110:
11098:
11086:
11074:
11048:
11046:, p. 348.
11036:
11024:
11012:
11010:, p. 956.
10997:
10975:
10949:
10938:German U-boats
10919:
10910:, p. 300.
10900:
10887:
10880:
10862:
10836:
10801:
10789:
10777:
10775:, p. 806.
10765:
10753:
10721:
10719:, p. 228.
10702:
10690:
10669:
10642:
10610:
10584:
10569:
10557:
10545:
10533:
10512:
10497:
10495:, p. 248.
10482:
10480:, p. 170.
10466:
10454:
10452:, p. 412.
10435:
10433:, p. 445.
10423:
10419:Alexander 1996
10411:
10409:, p. 226.
10399:
10397:, p. 379.
10387:
10385:, p. 189.
10375:
10373:, p. 184.
10363:
10361:, p. 367.
10351:
10349:, p. 366.
10339:
10323:
10321:, p. 365.
10311:
10288:
10286:, p. 420.
10273:
10271:, p. 268.
10261:
10259:, p. 410.
10246:
10244:, p. 265.
10227:
10225:, p. 263.
10215:
10213:, p. 291.
10199:
10197:, p. 291.
10184:
10176:
10144:
10132:
10130:, p. 457.
10120:
10118:, p. 457.
10108:
10085:
10070:
10039:
10024:
10022:, p. 255.
10018:, p. 50;
10008:
9991:
9972:
9966:, p. 76;
9956:
9940:
9938:, p. 212.
9928:
9902:
9876:
9874:, p. 230.
9864:
9862:, p. 318.
9848:
9846:, p. 301.
9832:
9830:, p. 227.
9820:
9805:
9784:
9769:
9757:
9745:
9743:, p. 122.
9733:
9721:
9709:
9707:, p. 163.
9697:
9688:
9682:Davison, John
9675:
9649:
9621:
9619:, p. 877.
9609:
9582:
9570:
9557:
9544:
9542:, p. 512.
9532:
9520:
9508:
9486:
9474:
9459:
9444:
9432:
9417:
9405:
9403:, p. 491.
9393:
9391:, p. 180.
9381:
9369:
9357:
9344:
9323:
9321:, p. 171.
9311:
9299:
9297:, p. 138.
9287:
9275:
9273:, p. 158.
9263:
9261:, p. 490.
9251:
9249:, p. 109.
9239:
9227:
9201:
9184:
9167:
9152:
9146:, p. 35;
9136:
9124:
9112:
9100:
9098:, p. 489.
9088:
9067:
9055:
9036:
9024:
9022:, p. 118.
9009:
9007:, p. 648.
8997:
8978:
8952:
8926:
8900:
8891:
8865:
8863:, p. 213.
8853:
8851:, p. 149.
8836:
8834:, p. 377.
8824:
8822:, p. 172.
8812:
8785:
8754:
8723:
8711:
8675:
8644:
8629:. Awm.gov.au.
8618:
8606:
8594:
8592:, p. 407.
8582:
8552:
8522:
8492:
8474:
8442:
8430:
8428:, p. 113.
8418:
8416:, p. 488.
8403:
8401:, p. 175.
8391:
8376:
8364:
8352:
8340:
8328:
8315:
8303:
8271:
8259:
8247:
8245:, p. 320.
8235:
8233:, p. 636.
8223:
8221:, p. 120.
8211:
8199:
8187:
8172:
8168:MacKinnon 2008
8160:
8148:
8136:
8124:
8098:
8096:, p. 945.
8086:
8074:
8053:
8031:
8005:
7979:
7977:, p. 626.
7967:
7965:, p. 516.
7955:
7953:, p. 585.
7943:
7931:
7919:
7907:
7905:, p. 143.
7895:
7869:
7857:
7841:
7839:, p. 556.
7829:
7825:Murashima 2006
7817:
7805:
7789:
7777:
7775:, p. 299.
7762:
7760:, p. 297.
7750:
7741:
7726:
7711:
7696:
7694:, p. 203.
7684:
7658:
7643:
7622:
7600:
7575:
7553:
7494:
7485:
7470:
7463:
7445:
7429:
7420:
7412:Burma Campaign
7399:
7390:, p. 365.
7375:
7369:978-0813327181
7368:
7360:Hidden Horrors
7342:
7329:
7305:
7293:
7291:, p. 309.
7281:
7269:
7265:Harrison p. 29
7257:
7255:, p. 403.
7245:
7233:
7207:
7192:
7180:
7167:
7155:
7153:, p. 836.
7143:
7141:, p. 205.
7131:
7116:
7114:, p. 157.
7098:
7096:
7093:
7091:
7088:
7085:
7084:
7067:
7054:
7036:
7027:
7025:
7024:
7010:
6996:
6982:
6968:
6954:
6940:
6926:
6912:
6909:British Empire
6898:
6884:
6862:
6853:
6842:
6841:
6839:
6838:
6829:
6806:
6793:
6780:
6767:
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6650:
6645:
6640:
6635:
6630:
6624:
6623:
6607:
6604:
6595:
6592:
6577:Jonathan Rauch
6565:Main article:
6562:
6559:
6504:
6501:
6490:Main article:
6476:
6473:
6431:
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6427:
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6421:
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6088:
6085:
6081:
6080:
6077:
6074:
6071:
6067:
6066:
6063:
6060:
6057:
6021:suicide charge
6012:
6009:
5991:
5988:
5955:Burma Campaign
5942:
5939:
5938:
5937:
5926:
5923:Yasuji Okamura
5911:
5883:Rudolph Rummel
5880:
5876:
5872:
5856:
5853:
5826:
5823:
5821:
5818:
5816:
5813:
5783:
5763:Kantarō Suzuki
5733:Main article:
5730:
5727:
5726:
5725:
5724:
5723:
5722:(18–23 August)
5711:
5710:
5709:
5708:(19–22 August)
5663:
5660:
5630:nuclear attack
5614:Main article:
5603:
5600:
5512:Japan campaign
5507:
5504:
5469:Thomas Kinkaid
5467:under Admiral
5445:Main article:
5434:
5431:
5395:
5392:
5278:Main article:
5275:
5272:
5195:Main article:
5192:
5189:
5142:Heitarō Kimura
5123:Cheduba Island
5103:Main article:
5089:
5086:
5074:
5071:
5032:Palawan Island
4992:urban fighting
4940:Main article:
4926:
4923:
4881:Surigao Strait
4873:Kiyohide Shima
4825:Main article:
4822:
4819:
4757:under Admiral
4755:US Fifth Fleet
4751:Jisaburō Ozawa
4727:Main article:
4724:
4723:Philippine Sea
4721:
4622:
4619:
4542:
4539:
4483:Operation U-Go
4452:Main article:
4437:
4434:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4324:, in June 1942
4312:The torpedoed
4275:Main article:
4272:
4269:
4252:
4249:
4237:Main article:
4218:
4215:
4211:island-hopping
4137:
4134:
4108:
4105:
3999:Main article:
3996:
3993:
3982:Generalissimo
3969:Isamu Yokoyama
3927:mainland China
3922:
3919:
3905:
3902:
3849:. The loss of
3781:Gunichi Mikawa
3752:
3749:
3745:Buna–Gona area
3692:
3689:
3634:Chuichi Nagumo
3605:Main article:
3585:
3582:
3474:Frank Fletcher
3426:Main article:
3423:
3420:
3384:Doolittle Raid
3320:
3317:
3292:
3289:
3275:in Australia.
3221:
3191:
3188:
3146:Main article:
3131:
3128:
2971:Following the
2913:
2910:
2890:Main article:
2869:
2866:
2818:Western powers
2813:
2810:
2777:
2774:
2740:
2737:
2731:non-combatants
2519:Main article:
2511:Generalissimo
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2437:
2434:
2398:), as well as
2388:British Borneo
2384:British Malaya
2316:
2313:
2305:and later the
2283:South Sakhalin
2275:Inner Mongolia
2160:British Empire
2151:
2148:
2138:
2135:
2105:Taiheiyō Sensō
2062:Dai Tō-A Sensō
2018:
2015:
2001:
1998:
1963:island hopping
1836:
1835:
1833:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1790:Baltic Nations
1781:
1780:
1779:
1778:
1768:
1763:
1762:
1761:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1735:
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1471:
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1437:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1396:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1372:
1371:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1338:Ganghwa (1875)
1335:
1324:
1321:
1320:
1308:
1307:
1300:
1293:
1285:
1276:
1275:
1265:
1264:
1259:
1258:
1257:
1247:
1239:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1226:
1219:
1218:
1217:
1207:
1205:South Sakhalin
1202:
1197:
1192:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1174:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1147:
1146:
1140:
1139:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
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1102:
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1095:
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1048:
1041:
1036:
1030:
1029:
1023:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1001:
1000:
994:
993:
988:
981:
974:
967:
962:
960:Malacca Strait
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
921:
920:
918:Southeast Asia
914:
913:
908:
903:
902:
901:
891:
886:
885:
884:
874:
868:
867:
861:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
828:Doolittle Raid
825:
818:
813:
807:
806:
800:
797:
796:
787:
786:
779:
772:
764:
756:
755:
753:
752:
750:
749:
745:
740:
738:
737:
734:
731:
730:131 submarines
728:
727:135 destroyers
725:
722:
721:11 battleships
719:
715:
709:
707:
705:
704:
702:
701:
697:
692:
690:
689:
686:
683:
680:
677:
674:
671:
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661:
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621:
611:
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535:
532:
531:
527:
526:
524:
523:
511:
498:
490:
488:
487:
475:
463:
450:
447:Allied leaders
441:
440:
436:
435:
426:
425:
409:
400:
391:
390:
388:United Kingdom
377:
364:
348:
338:
337:
333:
332:
329:
328:
327:
326:
316:South Sakhalin
312:
306:United Nations
298:
286:Liberation of
284:
262:
256:
255:
249:
245:
244:
241:
240:
235:
230:
225:
223:Southeast Asia
220:
215:
209:
208:
206:
202:
201:
196:
188:
187:
185:
184:
177:
170:
167:Burma campaign
163:
150:
143:naval aircraft
139:
131:
117:
116:
108:
107:
106:
97:
96:
88:
87:
86:
77:
76:
68:
67:
66:
65:
64:
61:
60:
53:
52:
46:
45:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
19296:
19285:
19282:
19280:
19277:
19276:
19274:
19259:
19256:
19254:
19251:
19249:
19246:
19244:
19241:
19239:
19236:
19234:
19231:
19229:
19226:
19224:
19221:
19219:
19216:
19214:
19211:
19209:
19206:
19204:
19203:Fukoku kyōhei
19201:
19199:
19196:
19195:
19193:
19189:
19177:
19174:
19173:
19172:
19169:
19168:
19166:
19162:
19156:
19153:
19151:
19148:
19146:
19143:
19141:
19138:
19136:
19133:
19131:
19128:
19126:
19123:
19121:
19118:
19116:
19113:
19112:
19110:
19108:
19104:
19098:
19095:
19093:
19090:
19088:
19085:
19083:
19080:
19078:
19075:
19073:
19070:
19068:
19065:
19064:
19062:
19060:Puppet states
19058:
19052:
19049:
19047:
19044:
19042:
19039:
19037:
19034:
19031:
19030:
19025:
19022:
19021:
19019:
19015:
19012:
19008:
18998:
18995:
18992:
18988:
18984:
18981:
18979:
18976:
18974:
18971:
18969:
18966:
18964:
18961:
18959:
18956:
18954:
18951:
18949:
18946:
18944:
18941:
18939:
18936:
18934:
18931:
18929:
18926:
18924:
18921:
18919:
18916:
18914:
18911:
18909:
18906:
18904:
18901:
18900:
18898:
18896:
18892:
18886:
18883:
18881:
18878:
18876:
18873:
18871:
18868:
18866:
18863:
18861:
18858:
18856:
18853:
18851:
18848:
18846:
18843:
18839:
18836:
18835:
18834:
18831:
18830:
18828:
18826:
18822:
18816:
18813:
18811:
18808:
18806:
18803:
18801:
18798:
18796:
18793:
18791:
18788:
18786:
18783:
18781:
18778:
18776:
18773:
18771:
18768:
18766:
18763:
18761:
18758:
18757:
18755:
18752:
18747:
18744:
18740:
18730:
18727:
18725:
18724:Fleet Faction
18722:
18720:
18717:
18715:
18712:
18710:
18707:
18705:
18704:General Staff
18702:
18701:
18699:
18696:
18691:
18685:
18682:
18680:
18677:
18675:
18672:
18670:
18667:
18665:
18662:
18660:
18657:
18655:
18652:
18650:
18647:
18645:
18644:General Staff
18642:
18641:
18639:
18636:
18631:
18625:
18622:
18620:
18617:
18615:
18612:
18610:
18607:
18605:
18602:
18598:
18597:military code
18596:
18592:
18591:
18590:
18589:
18585:
18581:
18578:
18576:
18573:
18572:
18571:
18568:
18567:
18565:
18562:
18557:
18554:
18550:
18538:
18535:
18533:
18530:
18529:
18528:
18527:Imperial Diet
18525:
18523:
18520:
18518:
18517:Privy Council
18515:
18513:
18510:
18509:
18507:
18504:
18497:
18491:
18488:
18486:
18483:
18481:
18478:
18476:
18473:
18471:
18468:
18466:
18463:
18461:
18458:
18456:
18453:
18451:
18448:
18446:
18443:
18441:
18438:
18436:
18435:Home Ministry
18433:
18431:
18428:
18427:
18425:
18422:
18415:
18412:
18408:
18402:
18399:
18397:
18394:
18392:
18389:
18387:
18384:
18382:
18379:
18377:
18374:
18372:
18369:
18367:
18364:
18362:
18359:
18357:
18354:
18352:
18349:
18347:
18344:
18342:
18339:
18337:
18334:
18332:
18329:
18327:
18324:
18322:
18319:
18317:
18314:
18313:
18311:
18307:
18301:
18298:
18294:
18291:
18289:
18286:
18284:
18281:
18279:
18278:Imperial Seal
18276:
18275:
18274:
18271:
18269:
18266:
18264:
18263:Flag of Japan
18261:
18260:
18258:
18254:
18248:
18242:
18240:
18234:
18232:
18226:
18225:
18223:
18219:
18204:
18201:
18199:
18196:
18194:
18191:
18189:
18186:
18182:
18179:
18178:
18177:
18174:
18172:
18169:
18167:
18164:
18162:
18159:
18157:
18154:
18152:
18149:
18147:
18144:
18142:
18139:
18137:
18134:
18132:
18129:
18127:
18124:
18122:
18119:
18118:
18116:
18112:
18108:
18101:
18096:
18094:
18089:
18087:
18082:
18081:
18078:
18066:
18063:
18061:
18058:
18056:
18053:
18052:
18049:
18042:
18032:
18030:
18020:
18018:
18008:
18006:
17996:
17994:
17993:Occupied Guam
17984:
17982:
17972:
17970:
17960:
17957:
17946:
17944:
17934:
17932:
17922:
17920:
17910:
17908:
17898:
17896:
17886:
17884:
17874:
17872:
17862:
17860:
17849:
17847:
17837:
17835:
17825:
17823:
17813:
17811:
17801:
17799:
17789:
17787:
17777:
17775:
17765:
17763:
17753:
17751:
17741:
17739:
17729:
17727:
17717:
17715:
17705:
17704:
17700:
17696:
17692:
17684:
17679:
17677:
17672:
17670:
17665:
17664:
17661:
17648:
17644:
17641:
17637:
17634:
17633:
17628:
17621:
17620:
17617:
17604:
17600:
17597:
17593:
17590:
17586:
17585:
17583:
17579:
17574:
17570:
17569:
17567:
17566:Kuril Islands
17563:
17560:
17556:
17551:
17547:
17546:
17544:
17540:
17537:
17533:
17530:
17526:
17523:
17519:
17516:
17512:
17507:
17503:
17502:
17500:
17496:
17493:
17489:
17486:
17482:
17479:
17475:
17472:
17468:
17465:
17461:
17458:
17454:
17451:
17447:
17444:
17440:
17437:
17433:
17430:
17426:
17423:
17419:
17416:
17412:
17409:
17405:
17402:
17398:
17397:
17395:
17393:
17389:
17382:
17378:
17373:
17372:
17367:
17366:
17364:
17360:
17357:
17353:
17348:
17344:
17343:
17341:
17337:
17334:
17333:Syrmian Front
17330:
17327:
17323:
17320:
17316:
17313:
17309:
17306:
17305:
17300:
17297:
17296:
17291:
17288:
17284:
17281:
17280:
17279:Market Garden
17275:
17272:
17268:
17265:
17261:
17258:
17254:
17251:
17250:
17245:
17242:
17238:
17235:
17231:
17228:
17224:
17221:
17217:
17214:
17210:
17207:
17203:
17200:
17199:
17194:
17191:
17187:
17184:
17183:
17178:
17175:
17174:
17169:
17166:
17165:
17160:
17157:
17153:
17150:
17146:
17143:
17139:
17138:Monte Cassino
17135:
17132:
17131:
17126:
17125:
17123:
17121:
17117:
17110:
17106:
17101:
17097:
17094:
17090:
17089:
17087:
17083:
17080:
17076:
17073:
17069:
17066:
17062:
17059:
17055:
17050:
17046:
17045:
17043:
17039:
17036:
17032:
17029:
17028:
17023:
17020:
17016:
17013:
17009:
17006:
17002:
16999:
16995:
16992:
16988:
16985:
16981:
16978:
16974:
16971:
16967:
16966:
16964:
16962:
16958:
16951:
16947:
16944:
16943:
16938:
16935:
16931:
16928:
16924:
16921:
16920:
16915:
16912:
16908:
16905:
16901:
16898:
16894:
16891:
16890:
16885:
16880:
16876:
16873:
16869:
16868:
16866:
16862:
16859:
16855:
16852:
16848:
16845:
16841:
16838:
16834:
16831:
16827:
16824:
16820:
16817:
16813:
16810:
16806:
16803:
16799:
16796:
16792:
16791:
16789:
16787:
16783:
16776:
16772:
16769:
16765:
16762:
16758:
16755:
16751:
16748:
16744:
16741:
16737:
16734:
16730:
16727:
16723:
16720:
16716:
16713:
16709:
16706:
16702:
16699:
16695:
16692:
16688:
16685:
16681:
16678:
16674:
16671:
16667:
16664:
16660:
16657:
16653:
16650:
16646:
16642:
16641:
16636:
16632:
16627:
16623:
16622:
16620:
16616:
16613:
16609:
16606:
16602:
16599:
16595:
16592:
16588:
16583:
16579:
16578:
16576:
16572:
16569:
16565:
16562:
16558:
16555:
16551:
16550:
16548:
16546:
16542:
16535:
16534:
16529:
16526:
16522:
16519:
16515:
16512:
16508:
16505:
16504:Baltic states
16501:
16498:
16494:
16491:
16487:
16484:
16480:
16477:
16473:
16470:
16466:
16463:
16459:
16456:
16452:
16449:
16445:
16442:
16438:
16435:
16431:
16428:
16424:
16421:
16417:
16414:
16410:
16407:
16403:
16402:
16400:
16398:
16394:
16387:
16383:
16380:
16376:
16373:
16369:
16366:
16362:
16359:
16355:
16352:
16348:
16345:
16341:
16340:
16338:
16336:
16332:
16323:
16319:
16316:
16312:
16309:
16305:
16302:
16298:
16295:
16291:
16290:
16288:
16284:
16279:
16275:
16272:
16268:
16267:
16265:
16261:
16256:
16252:
16251:
16249:
16245:
16244:
16242:
16240:
16236:
16233:
16231:
16227:
16216:
16212:
16209:
16205:
16200:
16196:
16193:
16189:
16188:
16184:
16179:
16175:
16174:
16172:
16168:
16165:
16161:
16156:
16152:
16149:
16148:United States
16145:
16140:
16136:
16135:
16133:
16129:
16128:
16124:
16121:
16117:
16116:
16114:
16112:
16108:
16101:
16097:
16092:
16088:
16085:
16084:Quốc dân Đảng
16081:
16080:
16076:
16073:
16069:
16066:
16062:
16059:
16055:
16052:
16048:
16045:
16041:
16038:
16034:
16031:
16027:
16024:
16020:
16017:
16013:
16010:
16006:
16003:
15999:
15996:
15992:
15989:
15985:
15982:
15978:
15973:
15969:
15966:
15962:
15961:
15959:
15955:
15952:
15948:
15945:
15941:
15938:
15934:
15931:
15927:
15924:
15920:
15917:
15913:
15910:
15906:
15903:
15899:
15896:
15892:
15889:
15885:
15882:
15878:
15875:
15871:
15868:
15864:
15861:
15857:
15854:
15850:
15847:
15843:
15842:
15840:
15838:
15834:
15827:
15823:
15820:
15816:
15813:
15809:
15806:
15802:
15799:
15795:
15792:
15788:
15785:
15784:Liechtenstein
15781:
15778:
15774:
15771:
15767:
15764:
15760:
15757:
15753:
15752:
15750:
15748:
15744:
15737:
15733:
15730:
15726:
15723:
15719:
15715:
15711:
15708:
15704:
15701:
15697:
15694:
15690:
15685:
15681:
15680:
15677:
15673:
15670:
15666:
15663:
15659:
15656:
15652:
15649:
15645:
15642:
15638:
15634:
15630:
15627:
15623:
15620:
15616:
15612:
15608:
15605:
15601:
15600:
15598:
15596:
15592:
15585:
15581:
15576:
15572:
15571:
15569:
15568:United States
15565:
15560:
15556:
15555:
15553:
15549:
15546:
15542:
15539:
15535:
15532:
15528:
15525:
15521:
15518:
15514:
15510:
15506:
15502:
15499:
15495:
15492:
15488:
15485:
15481:
15478:
15474:
15471:
15467:
15464:
15460:
15457:
15453:
15450:
15446:
15442:
15438:
15434:
15431:
15427:
15424:
15420:
15417:
15413:
15410:
15406:
15402:
15398:
15394:
15390:
15386:
15383:
15379:
15376:
15372:
15369:
15365:
15362:
15358:
15355:
15351:
15348:
15344:
15340:
15336:
15332:
15329:
15325:
15322:
15318:
15315:
15311:
15308:
15304:
15303:
15301:
15299:
15295:
15292:
15290:
15286:
15273:
15269:
15266:
15262:
15259:
15258:Comfort women
15255:
15252:
15248:
15245:
15242: /
15241:
15237:
15234:
15231: /
15230:
15227: /
15226:
15222:
15219:
15218:Camp brothels
15215:
15212:
15208:
15207:
15203:
15200:
15196:
15191:
15187:
15184:
15180:
15179:
15177:
15173:
15168:
15164:
15161:
15157:
15154:
15150:
15149:
15147:
15143:
15140:
15136:
15131:
15127:
15122:
15118:
15115:
15111:
15110:
15108:
15107:The Holocaust
15104:
15101:
15097:
15094:
15093:forced labour
15090:
15089:
15087:
15083:
15078:
15074:
15071:
15067:
15064:
15060:
15059:
15057:
15053:
15052:
15050:
15048:
15044:
15037:
15033:
15030:
15026:
15023:
15019:
15014:
15010:
15007:
15003:
15000:
14996:
14993:
14989:
14988:
14986:
14982:
14979:
14978:
14973:
14970:
14969:
14964:
14961:
14957:
14954:
14950:
14947:
14946:Marshall Plan
14943:
14940:
14939:
14934:
14931:
14927:
14924:
14920:
14917:
14913:
14910:
14906:
14903:
14899:
14896:
14892:
14889:
14885:
14882:
14878:
14877:
14875:
14873:
14869:
14862:
14858:
14853:
14849:
14848:
14846:
14842:
14839:
14835:
14830:
14826:
14823:
14819:
14816:
14812:
14811:
14809:
14805:
14800:
14799:Eastern Front
14796:
14793:
14792:Western Front
14789:
14788:
14786:
14782:
14777:
14773:
14770:
14766:
14763:
14759:
14756:
14752:
14749:
14745:
14742:
14738:
14737:
14735:
14731:
14730:
14728:
14726:
14722:
14715:
14711:
14708:
14704:
14701:
14697:
14694:
14690:
14687:
14686:Puppet states
14683:
14680:
14676:
14673:
14669:
14664:
14660:
14657:
14653:
14652:
14650:
14646:
14643:
14639:
14636:
14632:
14629:
14628:Naval history
14625:
14622:
14618:
14615:
14611:
14608:
14604:
14599:
14595:
14594:
14592:
14588:
14585:
14581:
14576:
14575:United States
14572:
14569:
14565:
14562:
14558:
14557:
14555:
14551:
14548:
14544:
14541:
14537:
14534:
14530:
14527:
14523:
14520:
14516:
14513:
14509:
14504:
14500:
14499:
14497:
14493:
14492:
14490:
14488:
14484:
14481:
14477:
14470:
14466:
14463:
14459:
14454:
14450:
14447:
14443:
14440:
14436:
14435:
14431:
14426:
14422:
14421:
14419:
14415:
14412:
14408:
14407:
14404:
14400:
14393:
14388:
14386:
14381:
14379:
14374:
14373:
14370:
14364:
14360:
14355:
14353:
14350:
14347:
14344:
14342:
14338:
14335:
14332:
14330:
14326:
14323:
14320:
14317:
14314:
14313:
14302:
14296:
14292:
14287:
14284:
14283:0-521-44317-2
14280:
14276:
14272:
14270:
14266:
14262:
14261:
14257:Toll, Ian W.
14256:
14254:
14250:
14246:
14245:
14241:Toll, Ian W.
14240:
14238:
14234:
14230:
14229:
14225:
14222:
14219:
14217:
14212:
14211:Sledge, E. B.
14209:
14206:
14202:
14199:
14195:
14191:
14185:
14181:
14176:
14173:
14169:
14166:
14162:
14159:
14155:
14152:
14148:
14144:
14138:
14134:
14129:
14125:
14119:
14115:
14110:
14107:
14103:
14100:
14096:
14093:
14090:Potter, E. B.
14089:
14086:
14082:
14079:
14075:
14072:
14071:online review
14068:
14064:
14061:
14060:
14055:
14052:
14048:
14042:
14038:
14033:
14029:
14025:
14021:
14020:
14014:
14011:
14007:
14003:
14000:
13999:
13994:
13990:
13988:1-59114-472-8
13984:
13980:
13976:
13971:
13968:
13964:
13961:
13957:
13954:
13950:
13947:
13943:
13940:
13936:
13933:
13929:
13926:
13922:
13918:
13912:
13908:
13904:
13900:
13896:
13890:
13886:
13882:
13878:
13875:
13871:
13867:
13863:
13857:
13853:
13848:
13844:
13842:0-679-75303-6
13838:
13834:
13830:
13825:
13821:
13817:
13813:
13809:
13805:
13801:
13796:
13792:
13786:
13782:
13777:
13773:
13769:
13764:
13760:
13758:0-786-41451-0
13754:
13750:
13745:
13742:
13738:
13734:
13732:1-55750-243-9
13728:
13724:
13719:
13716:
13712:
13708:
13704:
13699:
13695:
13690:
13686:
13684:0-8133-3869-7
13680:
13675:
13674:
13667:
13666:
13663:
13649:
13645:
13641:
13640:
13639:
13638:
13637:
13628:
13622:
13618:
13617:
13611:
13600:
13594:
13590:
13589:
13583:
13579:
13574:
13570:
13568:1-59114-994-0
13564:
13559:
13558:
13551:
13547:
13545:1-461-64607-3
13541:
13537:
13532:
13528:
13526:0-253-34528-6
13522:
13518:
13513:
13509:
13507:0-87021-092-0
13503:
13499:
13498:
13492:
13488:
13482:
13478:
13473:
13469:
13467:0-8129-6858-1
13463:
13459:
13454:
13450:
13444:
13441:. Routledge.
13440:
13435:
13431:
13425:
13421:
13416:
13412:
13410:0-82641-521-0
13406:
13402:
13397:
13393:
13387:
13383:
13382:
13376:
13372:
13366:
13362:
13357:
13353:
13349:
13345:
13341:
13337:
13333:
13332:Asian Affairs
13328:
13325:
13321:
13318:
13315:
13311:
13307:
13301:
13297:
13292:
13288:
13286:0-552-08757-2
13282:
13278:
13274:
13273:Slim, William
13270:
13266:
13260:
13256:
13251:
13247:
13242:
13231:
13227:
13223:
13218:
13214:
13208:
13204:
13199:
13195:
13193:0-8153-1883-9
13189:
13186:. Routledge.
13185:
13180:
13176:
13174:0-945274-35-1
13170:
13166:
13161:
13157:
13151:
13147:
13143:
13140:. Routledge.
13139:
13138:
13132:
13128:
13123:
13119:
13118:
13112:
13108:
13102:
13098:
13093:
13081:
13076:
13072:
13066:
13062:
13058:
13054:
13050:
13048:1-57488-923-0
13044:
13040:
13039:
13033:
13029:
13024:
13020:
13014:
13010:
13005:
13001:
12995:
12991:
12986:
12982:
12976:
12972:
12967:
12963:
12959:
12955:
12951:
12947:
12943:
12937:
12933:
12927:
12923:
12922:
12916:
12912:
12907:
12903:
12901:0-19-558376-0
12897:
12893:
12888:
12884:
12879:
12875:
12869:
12865:
12860:
12856:
12850:
12846:
12841:
12837:
12833:
12829:
12828:
12822:
12818:
12812:
12808:
12807:
12801:
12797:
12791:
12787:
12783:
12779:
12775:
12773:1-874622-21-3
12769:
12765:
12760:
12756:
12754:0-674-00334-9
12750:
12746:
12745:
12740:
12736:
12732:
12727:
12723:
12717:
12713:
12708:
12704:
12700:
12696:
12691:
12687:
12681:
12677:
12673:
12668:
12664:
12658:
12654:
12649:
12645:
12641:
12637:
12633:
12627:
12623:
12622:
12616:
12612:
12606:
12602:
12597:
12593:
12587:
12583:
12578:
12574:
12568:
12564:
12559:
12555:
12549:
12545:
12540:
12536:
12530:
12526:
12525:
12519:
12515:
12513:0-521-64483-6
12509:
12505:
12500:
12496:
12490:
12486:
12482:
12478:
12474:
12470:
12465:
12461:
12457:
12453:
12449:
12445:
12441:
12436:
12432:
12426:
12422:
12417:
12413:
12407:
12403:
12399:
12395:
12391:
12389:0-674-11673-9
12385:
12381:
12380:
12374:
12370:
12368:0-87021-192-7
12364:
12360:
12356:
12351:
12347:
12342:
12338:
12336:0-8032-1708-0
12332:
12328:
12324:
12319:
12315:
12313:0-394-75172-8
12309:
12305:
12300:
12296:
12290:
12286:
12281:
12277:
12271:
12267:
12262:
12258:
12252:
12248:
12243:
12239:
12233:
12229:
12224:
12220:
12216:
12212:
12208:
12203:
12199:
12193:
12189:
12184:
12180:
12174:
12170:
12165:
12161:
12155:
12151:
12146:
12142:
12137:
12134:(4 ed.).
12133:
12128:
12124:
12122:0-7864-1204-6
12118:
12115:. McFarland.
12114:
12109:
12105:
12099:
12095:
12090:
12086:
12080:
12076:
12072:
12067:
12063:
12057:
12053:
12048:
12044:
12040:
12035:
12031:
12025:
12021:
12017:
12012:
12008:
12002:
11998:
11993:
11989:
11983:
11975:
11970:
11966:
11960:
11956:
11951:
11947:
11941:
11938:. Routledge.
11937:
11932:
11928:
11923:
11919:
11913:
11909:
11905:
11902:. Routledge.
11901:
11896:
11892:
11886:
11882:
11877:
11873:
11867:
11863:
11858:
11854:
11849:
11845:
11841:
11837:
11833:
11829:
11825:
11820:
11816:
11814:0-460-02474-4
11810:
11806:
11801:
11797:
11791:
11787:
11782:
11781:
11769:
11768:McGibbon 2000
11764:
11757:
11752:
11745:
11740:
11733:
11728:
11721:
11716:
11709:
11704:
11688:
11684:
11680:
11674:
11667:
11662:
11654:
11653:
11645:
11629:
11625:
11618:
11611:
11606:
11599:
11594:
11578:
11574:
11570:
11564:
11548:
11544:
11542:
11534:
11527:
11522:
11513:
11506:
11494:
11490:
11483:
11477:, p. 61.
11476:
11471:
11464:
11459:
11450:
11443:
11439:
11436:
11431:
11422:
11407:on 5 May 2008
11406:
11402:
11396:
11390:, p. 53.
11389:
11384:
11377:
11372:
11363:
11356:
11352:
11348:
11344:
11340:
11336:
11332:
11328:
11325:
11319:
11312:
11308:
11304:
11298:
11291:
11287:
11283:
11277:
11262:
11258:
11251:
11244:
11238:
11231:
11226:
11210:
11206:
11202:
11196:
11194:
11192:
11176:
11172:
11165:
11158:
11153:
11151:
11143:
11138:
11131:
11126:
11119:
11114:
11108:, p. 90.
11107:
11102:
11095:
11090:
11084:, p. 43.
11083:
11078:
11062:
11058:
11052:
11045:
11040:
11033:
11028:
11019:
11017:
11009:
11004:
11002:
10985:
10979:
10963:
10959:
10953:
10946:
10942:
10939:
10935:
10931:
10928:
10923:
10915:
10909:
10904:
10897:
10891:
10883:
10877:
10873:
10866:
10850:
10846:
10840:
10824:
10820:
10816:
10812:
10805:
10798:
10793:
10786:
10781:
10774:
10769:
10762:
10761:Garthoff 1969
10757:
10741:
10737:
10733:
10732:
10725:
10718:
10714:
10709:
10707:
10700:, p. 89.
10699:
10694:
10687:
10686:0-679-44331-2
10683:
10679:
10673:
10666:
10665:World War Two
10662:
10658:
10655:
10649:
10647:
10630:
10626:
10625:
10620:
10614:
10598:
10594:
10588:
10581:
10576:
10574:
10566:
10561:
10554:
10549:
10542:
10537:
10530:
10526:
10522:
10516:
10509:
10504:
10502:
10494:
10489:
10487:
10479:
10475:
10470:
10463:
10458:
10451:
10447:
10442:
10440:
10432:
10427:
10420:
10415:
10408:
10403:
10396:
10391:
10384:
10379:
10372:
10367:
10360:
10355:
10348:
10343:
10336:
10332:
10327:
10320:
10315:
10309:
10305:
10302:
10298:
10292:
10285:
10280:
10278:
10270:
10265:
10258:
10253:
10251:
10243:
10238:
10236:
10234:
10232:
10224:
10219:
10212:
10208:
10203:
10196:
10191:
10189:
10179:
10177:1-85285-192-9
10173:
10169:
10165:
10164:
10159:
10158:Towle, Philip
10153:
10151:
10149:
10141:
10136:
10129:
10124:
10117:
10112:
10105:
10102:
10098:
10095:
10089:
10083:, p. 41.
10082:
10077:
10075:
10058:
10054:
10050:
10043:
10037:, p. 31.
10036:
10031:
10029:
10021:
10020:Willmott 2005
10017:
10012:
10006:, p. 50.
10005:
10000:
9998:
9996:
9989:, p. 49.
9988:
9983:
9981:
9979:
9977:
9969:
9965:
9960:
9954:, p. 37.
9953:
9952:Willmott 2005
9949:
9944:
9937:
9932:
9916:
9912:
9906:
9890:
9886:
9880:
9873:
9868:
9861:
9857:
9852:
9845:
9841:
9836:
9829:
9824:
9818:, p. 15.
9817:
9812:
9810:
9803:, p. 47.
9802:
9797:
9795:
9793:
9791:
9789:
9782:, p. 46.
9781:
9776:
9774:
9767:, p. 14.
9766:
9761:
9755:, p. 70.
9754:
9749:
9742:
9737:
9730:
9725:
9718:
9713:
9706:
9705:Xiaobing 2012
9701:
9692:
9686:, pp. 37, 106
9685:
9679:
9663:
9659:
9653:
9638:
9634:
9633:
9625:
9618:
9613:
9597:
9593:
9586:
9579:
9574:
9567:
9561:
9554:
9548:
9541:
9540:Reynolds 1974
9536:
9529:
9524:
9518:
9512:
9504:
9500:
9496:
9490:
9483:
9478:
9471:
9466:
9464:
9457:
9454:
9448:
9441:
9436:
9429:
9424:
9422:
9414:
9409:
9402:
9397:
9390:
9385:
9378:
9373:
9366:
9361:
9354:
9348:
9340:
9336:
9330:
9328:
9320:
9315:
9309:, p. 19.
9308:
9303:
9296:
9291:
9285:, p. 28.
9284:
9279:
9272:
9267:
9260:
9255:
9248:
9247:Willmott 2002
9243:
9237:, p. 96.
9236:
9235:Willmott 2002
9231:
9215:
9211:
9205:
9199:, p. 38.
9198:
9193:
9191:
9189:
9182:, p. 37.
9181:
9176:
9174:
9172:
9165:, p. 36.
9164:
9159:
9157:
9150:, p. 55.
9149:
9148:Willmott 2002
9145:
9140:
9134:, p. 55.
9133:
9132:Willmott 2002
9128:
9121:
9116:
9110:, p. 33.
9109:
9104:
9097:
9092:
9086:, p. 34.
9085:
9080:
9078:
9076:
9074:
9072:
9064:
9059:
9053:, p. 32.
9052:
9047:
9045:
9043:
9041:
9033:
9028:
9021:
9020:Willmott 1983
9016:
9014:
9006:
9001:
8995:, p. 31.
8994:
8989:
8987:
8985:
8983:
8966:
8962:
8956:
8940:
8936:
8930:
8914:
8910:
8904:
8895:
8879:
8875:
8869:
8862:
8861:Willmott 2014
8857:
8850:
8849:Willmott 2014
8845:
8843:
8841:
8833:
8828:
8821:
8816:
8800:
8796:
8789:
8773:
8769:
8765:
8758:
8742:
8738:
8734:
8727:
8720:
8715:
8708:
8694:
8690:
8686:
8679:
8663:
8659:
8655:
8648:
8632:
8628:
8622:
8615:
8610:
8603:
8598:
8591:
8586:
8570:
8566:
8562:
8556:
8540:
8536:
8532:
8526:
8510:
8506:
8502:
8496:
8488:
8484:
8478:
8462:
8458:
8457:
8452:
8446:
8440:, p. 60.
8439:
8434:
8427:
8422:
8415:
8410:
8408:
8400:
8395:
8389:, p. 28.
8388:
8383:
8381:
8373:
8372:Willmott 1983
8368:
8361:
8356:
8350:, p. 23.
8349:
8344:
8337:
8332:
8325:
8319:
8312:
8307:
8299:
8287:
8282:
8275:
8268:
8263:
8257:, p. 28.
8256:
8251:
8244:
8239:
8232:
8227:
8220:
8215:
8209:, p. 55.
8208:
8203:
8196:
8191:
8183:
8176:
8169:
8164:
8157:
8152:
8145:
8140:
8133:
8128:
8112:
8108:
8102:
8095:
8090:
8083:
8078:
8070:
8066:
8060:
8058:
8041:
8035:
8019:
8015:
8009:
7993:
7989:
7983:
7976:
7971:
7964:
7959:
7952:
7947:
7940:
7939:Costello 1982
7935:
7929:, p. 26.
7928:
7923:
7916:
7911:
7904:
7899:
7892:
7888:
7883:
7879:
7873:
7867:, p. 19.
7866:
7861:
7854:
7850:
7845:
7838:
7833:
7826:
7821:
7814:
7809:
7802:
7799:
7793:
7786:
7781:
7774:
7769:
7767:
7759:
7754:
7745:
7738:
7733:
7731:
7723:
7718:
7716:
7708:
7703:
7701:
7693:
7688:
7672:
7668:
7662:
7655:
7650:
7648:
7632:
7626:
7620:
7619:0-7923-5851-1
7616:
7612:
7611:
7604:
7589:
7585:
7579:
7563:
7557:
7549:
7537:
7524:
7509:on 5 May 2008
7508:
7504:
7498:
7489:
7483:, p. 65.
7482:
7477:
7475:
7466:
7460:
7456:
7449:
7442:
7438:
7433:
7424:
7417:
7413:
7409:
7403:
7395:
7389:
7384:
7382:
7380:
7371:
7365:
7361:
7357:
7351:
7349:
7347:
7339:
7333:
7326:
7322:
7318:
7317:www.uboat.net
7314:
7309:
7303:, p. 72.
7302:
7297:
7290:
7285:
7278:
7273:
7266:
7261:
7254:
7249:
7242:
7241:Cherevko 2003
7237:
7221:
7217:
7211:
7205:, p. 10.
7204:
7203:Hastings 2008
7199:
7197:
7189:
7184:
7177:
7171:
7164:
7159:
7152:
7147:
7140:
7139:Hastings 2008
7135:
7129:, p. 11.
7128:
7123:
7121:
7113:
7108:
7106:
7104:
7099:
7081:
7077:
7071:
7064:
7058:
7051:
7050:East Timorese
7047:
7040:
7031:
7022:
7011:
7008:
6997:
6994:
6983:
6980:
6969:
6966:
6955:
6952:
6941:
6938:
6927:
6924:
6913:
6910:
6899:
6896:
6895:United States
6885:
6882:
6871:
6870:
6866:
6857:
6847:
6843:
6833:
6825:
6821:
6817:
6810:
6803:
6797:
6790:
6784:
6777:
6771:
6762:
6753:
6744:
6735:
6726:
6719:
6715:
6709:
6702:
6697:
6693:
6684:
6681:
6679:
6676:
6674:
6671:
6669:
6666:
6664:
6661:
6659:
6656:
6654:
6651:
6649:
6646:
6644:
6641:
6639:
6636:
6634:
6631:
6629:
6626:
6625:
6621:
6610:
6603:
6601:
6591:
6589:
6584:
6582:
6578:
6574:
6568:
6561:By the Allies
6558:
6556:
6555:comfort women
6547:
6543:
6541:
6540:Death Railway
6535:
6533:
6529:
6525:
6521:
6516:
6514:
6510:
6499:
6493:
6486:
6481:
6472:
6470:
6469:
6464:
6463:
6458:
6457:
6452:
6451:
6446:
6441:
6437:
6428:
6425:
6422:
6419:
6418:
6414:
6411:
6408:
6405:
6404:
6400:
6397:
6394:
6391:
6390:
6386:
6383:
6380:
6377:
6376:
6372:
6369:
6366:
6363:
6362:
6358:
6355:
6352:
6349:
6348:
6344:
6341:
6338:
6335:
6334:
6330:
6327:
6324:
6322:Lesser Sundas
6321:
6320:
6316:
6313:
6310:
6307:
6306:
6302:
6299:
6296:
6293:
6292:
6288:
6285:
6282:
6279:
6278:
6274:
6271:
6268:
6265:
6264:
6260:
6257:
6254:
6251:
6250:
6246:
6243:
6240:
6237:
6236:
6232:
6229:
6226:
6223:
6222:
6218:
6215:
6212:
6209:
6208:
6204:
6201:
6198:
6195:
6194:
6190:
6187:
6184:
6181:
6180:
6176:
6173:
6170:
6167:
6166:
6162:
6159:
6156:
6153:
6152:
6148:
6145:
6142:
6139:
6138:
6134:
6131:
6128:
6125:
6124:
6120:
6117:
6114:
6111:
6110:
6106:
6103:
6100:
6097:
6096:
6092:
6089:
6086:
6084:Bonin Islands
6083:
6082:
6078:
6075:
6072:
6069:
6068:
6064:
6061:
6058:
6055:
6054:
6048:
6041:
6037:
6032:
6026:
6022:
6017:
6008:
6006:
6000:
5996:
5987:
5985:
5984:
5979:
5978:
5973:
5972:
5965:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5947:
5935:
5931:
5927:
5924:
5920:
5919:sanko sakusen
5916:
5912:
5909:
5905:
5901:
5897:
5893:
5889:
5884:
5881:
5877:
5873:
5869:
5868:
5863:
5859:
5858:
5852:
5848:
5845:
5844:John W. Dower
5836:
5831:
5825:United States
5812:
5810:
5806:
5802:
5798:
5794:
5782:
5778:
5776:
5773:
5768:
5764:
5756:
5755:
5749:
5745:
5741:
5736:
5721:
5718:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5707:
5706:Maoka Landing
5704:
5703:
5701:
5698:
5697:
5696:
5694:
5689:
5686:
5680:
5678:
5672:
5671:an invasion.
5669:
5659:
5657:
5652:
5648:
5644:
5640:
5636:
5631:
5628:in the first
5627:
5623:
5617:
5608:
5599:
5597:
5593:
5589:
5585:
5581:
5576:
5573:
5569:
5566:
5562:
5557:
5555:
5551:
5547:
5543:
5539:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5517:
5513:
5503:
5501:
5495:
5493:
5489:
5485:
5481:
5476:
5474:
5470:
5466:
5462:
5458:
5454:
5448:
5439:
5430:
5428:
5424:
5420:
5416:
5412:
5405:
5401:
5391:
5387:
5385:
5379:
5377:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5362:
5357:
5353:
5349:
5348:
5342:
5339:
5334:
5332:
5328:
5324:
5319:
5317:
5313:
5304:
5297:
5293:
5292:
5286:
5281:
5271:
5267:
5264:
5263:
5258:
5257:Mt. Suribachi
5254:
5253:Harry Schmidt
5248:
5246:
5245:Holland Smith
5242:
5237:
5234:
5230:
5226:
5217:
5213:
5212:Joe Rosenthal
5209:
5208:
5203:
5198:
5188:
5185:
5181:
5176:
5174:
5170:
5164:
5162:
5158:
5154:
5150:
5145:
5143:
5139:
5134:
5132:
5128:
5124:
5120:
5119:Ramree Island
5116:
5111:
5106:
5098:
5097:Royal Marines
5094:
5084:
5080:
5070:
5068:
5064:
5060:
5056:
5052:
5047:
5045:
5041:
5037:
5033:
5029:
5024:
5022:
5018:
5014:
5010:
5009:Escuadrón 201
5000:
4996:
4993:
4989:
4983:
4981:
4977:
4973:
4969:
4968:Lingayen Gulf
4965:
4960:
4957:
4953:
4949:
4948:US Sixth Army
4943:
4935:
4931:
4922:
4920:
4916:
4912:
4907:
4905:
4904:radio silence
4901:
4897:
4893:
4889:
4884:
4882:
4878:
4874:
4870:
4866:
4865:
4860:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4847:
4842:
4833:
4828:
4818:
4814:
4811:
4807:
4803:
4799:
4798:
4793:
4789:
4788:
4783:
4779:
4775:
4771:
4767:
4762:
4760:
4756:
4752:
4748:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4720:
4717:
4712:
4710:
4706:
4702:
4698:
4694:
4690:
4686:
4682:
4678:
4674:
4670:
4665:
4663:
4657:
4654:
4650:
4644:
4640:
4636:
4627:
4618:
4615:
4611:
4607:
4603:
4599:
4594:
4592:
4588:
4584:
4580:
4576:
4572:
4568:
4564:
4560:
4556:
4552:
4548:
4538:
4536:
4532:
4528:
4524:
4523:at Mount Song
4520:
4516:
4511:
4508:
4504:
4499:
4496:
4492:
4488:
4484:
4479:
4477:
4473:
4469:
4465:
4461:
4455:
4447:
4442:
4433:
4431:
4427:
4423:
4408:
4404:
4400:
4398:
4394:
4390:
4386:
4382:
4378:
4369:
4367:
4361:
4357:
4355:
4351:
4346:
4343:
4338:
4334:
4332:
4331:friendly fire
4323:
4322:
4317:
4316:
4310:
4306:
4304:
4300:
4296:
4292:
4288:
4284:
4278:
4268:
4266:
4262:
4258:
4248:
4246:
4240:
4232:
4228:
4223:
4214:
4212:
4207:
4205:
4201:
4197:
4193:
4189:
4185:
4181:
4177:
4173:
4169:
4165:
4161:
4157:
4151:
4147:
4143:
4133:
4129:
4127:
4118:
4113:
4104:
4102:
4098:
4097:Xishuangbanna
4094:
4089:
4087:
4083:
4079:
4075:
4071:
4067:
4063:
4059:
4055:
4051:
4047:
4042:
4040:
4036:
4030:
4028:
4023:
4019:
4015:
4010:
4008:
4002:
3989:
3985:
3980:
3976:
3974:
3970:
3965:
3963:
3959:
3955:
3951:
3947:
3943:
3938:
3936:
3932:
3928:
3915:
3910:
3901:
3897:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3886:Tokyo Express
3883:
3878:
3876:
3872:
3868:
3864:
3863:
3858:
3857:
3852:
3848:
3844:
3840:
3836:
3835:
3830:
3829:
3824:
3823:
3818:
3817:
3812:
3808:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3790:
3786:
3782:
3778:
3774:
3770:
3766:
3765:coastwatchers
3757:
3748:
3746:
3742:
3737:
3735:
3731:
3727:
3723:
3719:
3715:
3712:
3708:
3702:
3698:
3688:
3686:
3682:
3681:
3676:
3675:
3670:
3666:
3662:
3658:
3654:
3650:
3646:
3642:
3641:SBD Dauntless
3637:
3635:
3629:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3615:
3608:
3601:heavy bombers
3600:
3596:
3595:
3590:
3581:
3579:
3575:
3574:
3569:
3565:
3564:
3559:
3558:
3553:
3552:
3547:
3546:
3541:
3540:
3533:
3531:
3527:
3523:
3519:
3515:
3512:and damaging
3511:
3507:
3506:
3500:
3498:
3497:
3492:
3491:
3486:
3482:
3481:
3475:
3471:
3467:
3466:
3461:
3457:
3452:
3451:
3442:
3441:
3434:
3429:
3419:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3404:
3400:
3396:
3395:Marcus Island
3392:
3391:
3385:
3380:
3378:
3377:New Caledonia
3373:
3369:
3365:
3361:
3357:
3353:
3349:
3345:
3337:
3336:
3330:
3325:
3316:
3314:
3310:
3306:
3302:
3301:Harry Hopkins
3298:
3288:
3286:
3282:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3266:
3262:
3257:
3255:
3251:
3247:
3243:
3239:
3235:
3227:
3220:
3212:
3207:
3203:
3201:
3197:
3187:
3185:
3180:
3176:
3172:
3168:
3164:
3159:
3156:
3149:
3141:
3136:
3127:
3123:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3085:
3081:
3077:
3076:Sittang River
3073:
3068:
3066:
3065:
3059:
3055:
3050:
3048:
3044:
3043:Karel Doorman
3040:
3035:
3033:
3029:
3021:
3016:
3012:
3010:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2992:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2978:
2974:
2969:
2967:
2963:
2962:
2957:
2953:
2952:
2947:
2946:battlecruiser
2943:
2937:
2935:
2931:
2923:
2918:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2900:
2893:
2885:
2881:
2880:
2874:
2865:
2863:
2859:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2839:
2835:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2786:Southern Plan
2783:
2780:The Japanese
2773:
2771:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2753:
2751:
2747:
2736:
2734:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2715:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2700:
2698:
2694:
2690:
2686:
2681:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2648:
2643:
2639:
2637:
2633:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2620:Georgy Zhukov
2617:
2612:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2600:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2578:
2574:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2527:
2522:
2514:
2509:
2495:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2484:Kwantung Army
2481:
2477:
2472:
2470:
2466:
2461:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2433:
2429:
2428:Monsun Gruppe
2423:
2422:raiding ships
2419:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2362:of Korea and
2361:
2356:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2341:puppet states
2338:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2312:
2310:
2309:
2304:
2303:
2302:Le Triomphant
2298:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2252:
2247:
2245:
2241:
2240:Khmer Issarak
2237:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2143:
2134:
2132:
2125:
2124:Jūgonen Sensō
2113:
2106:
2093:
2086:
2074:
2070:
2063:
2056:
2049:
2044:
2042:
2038:
2037:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2012:
2006:
1997:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1939:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1892:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1865:Pacific Ocean
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1785:
1777:
1774:
1773:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1760:
1757:
1756:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1728:
1725:
1724:
1723:
1722:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1698:Syria–Lebanon
1696:
1694:
1691:
1690:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1657:
1656:
1655:
1654:
1647:
1644:
1640:
1637:
1636:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1608:
1605:
1604:
1603:
1602:Pacific Ocean
1600:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1593:
1592:
1591:
1582:
1579:
1578:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1571:Eastern Front
1569:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1543:
1540:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1521:
1520:Western Front
1518:
1516:
1513:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1479:
1478:
1472:
1467:
1464:Campaigns of
1458:
1453:
1451:
1446:
1444:
1439:
1438:
1435:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1403:
1402:
1401:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1380:
1379:
1378:
1377:
1376:Taishō period
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1343:Ryukyu (1879)
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1333:Taiwan (1874)
1331:
1330:
1329:
1328:
1322:
1317:
1306:
1301:
1299:
1294:
1292:
1287:
1286:
1283:
1273:
1272:
1271:
1263:
1260:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1245:
1241:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1211:
1210:Kuril Islands
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1190:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1138:
1137:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1094:
1093:North America
1091:
1090:
1087:
1086:Borneo (1945)
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1046:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1002:
999:
996:
995:
992:
989:
987:
986:
982:
980:
979:
975:
973:
972:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
922:
919:
916:
915:
912:
909:
907:
906:Bay of Bengal
904:
900:
897:
896:
895:
892:
890:
887:
883:
880:
879:
878:
875:
873:
870:
869:
866:
863:
862:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
823:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
808:
805:
802:
801:
798:
793:
785:
780:
778:
773:
771:
766:
765:
762:
747:
746:
744:
741:
735:
732:
729:
726:
723:
720:
717:
716:
714:
711:
710:
708:
699:
698:
696:
693:
687:
684:
682:63 submarines
681:
678:
675:
672:
670:5 battleships
669:
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654:
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389:
378:
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375:United States
365:
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334:
325:
321:
320:Kuril Islands
317:
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233:Pacific Ocean
231:
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92:
81:
72:
62:
59:
54:
49:
44:
40:
36:
29:
22:
19191:Other topics
19027:
18967:
18870:Taishō Roman
18624:Conscription
18594:
18586:
18561:Armed Forces
18421:(ministries)
18321:Charter Oath
18316:Constitution
18198:State Shinto
18181:Essentialism
18131:Demographics
18064:
17695:World War II
17640:Bibliography
17623:
17436:Project Hula
17401:Vistula–Oder
17370:
17303:
17294:
17278:
17248:
17197:
17181:
17172:
17163:
17129:
17026:
16941:
16917:
16887:
16638:
16531:
16476:North Africa
16178:Soviet Union
16132:Soviet Union
16058:Soviet Union
15826:Vatican City
15736:Vichy France
15641:German Reich
15538:Soviet Union
15524:South Africa
15517:Sierra Leone
15470:Newfoundland
15289:Participants
15272:Marocchinate
14976:
14967:
14937:
14815:North Africa
14776:Indian Ocean
14754:
14635:Nazi plunder
14526:Cryptography
14399:World War II
14290:
14274:
14258:
14242:
14226:
14224:Toll, Ian W.
14214:
14204:
14197:
14179:
14171:
14164:
14157:
14150:
14132:
14113:
14105:
14098:
14091:
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13997:
13974:
13966:
13959:
13952:
13945:
13938:
13931:
13924:
13906:
13884:
13873:
13851:
13833:Random House
13831:. New York:
13828:
13803:
13799:
13780:
13771:
13748:
13740:
13722:
13714:
13710:
13702:
13693:
13672:
13643:
13634:
13633:
13615:
13602:. Retrieved
13591:. Abc-Clio.
13587:
13577:
13556:
13535:
13516:
13496:
13476:
13457:
13438:
13419:
13400:
13380:
13360:
13338:(1): 66–74.
13335:
13331:
13323:
13313:
13295:
13276:
13254:
13245:
13233:. Retrieved
13229:
13225:
13202:
13183:
13164:
13136:
13126:
13115:
13096:
13084:. Retrieved
13060:
13037:
13027:
13008:
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12970:
12945:
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12910:
12891:
12882:
12863:
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12826:
12805:
12785:
12763:
12743:
12730:
12711:
12694:
12675:
12671:
12652:
12643:
12620:
12603:. Casemate.
12600:
12581:
12562:
12543:
12523:
12503:
12480:
12468:
12443:
12439:
12420:
12401:
12378:
12358:
12345:
12325:. Nebraska:
12322:
12303:
12284:
12265:
12246:
12227:
12213:(1): 51–65.
12210:
12206:
12187:
12168:
12149:
12140:
12131:
12112:
12093:
12075:M. E. Sharpe
12070:
12054:. Springer.
12051:
12042:
12038:
12015:
11996:
11973:
11954:
11935:
11926:
11899:
11880:
11864:. AB&B.
11861:
11852:
11827:
11823:
11804:
11785:
11763:
11751:
11739:
11727:
11715:
11703:
11691:. Retrieved
11687:the original
11682:
11673:
11661:
11651:
11644:
11632:. Retrieved
11617:
11605:
11593:
11581:. Retrieved
11572:
11563:
11551:. Retrieved
11540:
11533:
11521:
11512:
11504:
11497:. Retrieved
11482:
11470:
11458:
11449:
11430:
11421:
11409:. Retrieved
11405:the original
11395:
11383:
11376:Russell 1997
11371:
11362:
11318:
11297:
11289:
11285:
11276:
11264:. Retrieved
11261:warmuseum.ca
11260:
11250:
11242:
11237:
11225:
11213:. Retrieved
11204:
11178:. Retrieved
11174:
11164:
11159:, p. 4.
11137:
11125:
11113:
11101:
11089:
11077:
11065:. Retrieved
11060:
11051:
11039:
11027:
10988:. Retrieved
10978:
10966:. Retrieved
10961:
10952:
10922:
10903:
10895:
10890:
10871:
10865:
10853:. Retrieved
10839:
10829:27 September
10827:. Retrieved
10814:
10804:
10792:
10780:
10768:
10756:
10744:. Retrieved
10735:
10730:
10724:
10717:Cleaver 2018
10693:
10677:
10672:
10664:
10633:. Retrieved
10622:
10613:
10601:. Retrieved
10587:
10560:
10548:
10536:
10515:
10478:Cleaver 2018
10469:
10457:
10426:
10414:
10407:Cleaver 2018
10402:
10390:
10383:Cleaver 2018
10378:
10371:Cleaver 2018
10366:
10354:
10342:
10335:Cleaver 2018
10331:Hopkins 2010
10326:
10314:
10296:
10291:
10264:
10218:
10211:Hopkins 2010
10202:
10195:Hopkins 2010
10162:
10135:
10123:
10111:
10103:
10088:
10061:. Retrieved
10052:
10042:
10035:Cleaver 2018
10011:
9968:Peattie 2007
9959:
9948:Peattie 2007
9943:
9936:Y'Blood 1981
9931:
9919:. Retrieved
9915:the original
9905:
9893:. Retrieved
9879:
9872:Hopkins 2010
9867:
9856:Hopkins 2010
9851:
9840:Hopkins 2010
9835:
9828:Hopkins 2010
9823:
9816:Y'Blood 1981
9765:Y'Blood 1981
9760:
9748:
9736:
9724:
9712:
9700:
9691:
9683:
9678:
9666:. Retrieved
9662:the original
9652:
9641:, retrieved
9631:
9624:
9612:
9600:. Retrieved
9585:
9573:
9565:
9560:
9552:
9547:
9535:
9523:
9511:
9503:the original
9498:
9489:
9477:
9455:
9452:
9447:
9435:
9413:Parillo 1993
9408:
9396:
9384:
9372:
9360:
9352:
9347:
9338:
9314:
9302:
9290:
9283:Schoppa 2011
9278:
9266:
9254:
9242:
9230:
9218:. Retrieved
9204:
9139:
9127:
9115:
9103:
9091:
9058:
9027:
9000:
8969:. Retrieved
8965:the original
8955:
8943:. Retrieved
8929:
8917:. Retrieved
8903:
8894:
8882:. Retrieved
8868:
8856:
8827:
8820:Peattie 2007
8815:
8803:. Retrieved
8788:
8776:. Retrieved
8767:
8757:
8745:. Retrieved
8736:
8726:
8719:Peattie 2007
8714:
8697:. Retrieved
8688:
8678:
8666:. Retrieved
8657:
8647:
8635:. Retrieved
8621:
8614:Peattie 2007
8609:
8597:
8585:
8573:. Retrieved
8564:
8555:
8543:. Retrieved
8534:
8525:
8513:. Retrieved
8504:
8495:
8487:the original
8477:
8465:. Retrieved
8454:
8445:
8438:Parillo 1993
8433:
8421:
8394:
8367:
8355:
8343:
8331:
8323:
8318:
8310:
8306:
8296:– via
8290:. Retrieved
8285:
8274:
8262:
8250:
8238:
8226:
8214:
8202:
8190:
8181:
8175:
8163:
8151:
8144:Harmsen 2015
8139:
8132:Harmsen 2013
8127:
8115:. Retrieved
8111:the original
8101:
8094:Sandler 2001
8089:
8082:Sandler 2001
8077:
8068:
8044:. Retrieved
8034:
8022:. Retrieved
8017:
8008:
7996:. Retrieved
7992:the original
7982:
7970:
7963:Takemae 2003
7958:
7946:
7934:
7922:
7917:, p. 1.
7915:MacLeod 1999
7910:
7898:
7890:
7877:
7872:
7860:
7844:
7832:
7820:
7808:
7800:
7792:
7780:
7753:
7744:
7739:, p. 1.
7687:
7675:. Retrieved
7671:the original
7661:
7634:. Retrieved
7625:
7608:
7603:
7591:. Retrieved
7587:
7578:
7566:. Retrieved
7556:
7511:. Retrieved
7497:
7488:
7454:
7448:
7432:
7423:
7402:
7359:
7337:
7332:
7325:Chinese Navy
7308:
7296:
7284:
7272:
7260:
7248:
7236:
7224:. Retrieved
7219:
7210:
7183:
7175:
7170:
7158:
7146:
7134:
7070:
7057:
7039:
7030:
6951:Soviet Union
6865:
6856:
6846:
6832:
6816:Erich Raeder
6809:
6796:
6783:
6770:
6761:
6752:
6743:
6734:
6725:
6708:
6696:
6620:Japan portal
6597:
6585:
6570:
6552:
6536:
6517:
6506:
6467:
6461:
6455:
6449:
6442:
6438:
6434:
6045:
6001:
5997:
5993:
5981:
5975:
5969:
5966:
5962:
5959:
5952:
5941:Commonwealth
5918:
5865:
5849:
5840:
5790:
5780:
5760:
5753:
5690:
5681:
5676:
5673:
5665:
5662:Soviet entry
5619:
5602:Atomic bombs
5577:
5568:Curtis LeMay
5558:
5535:
5496:
5488:North Borneo
5477:
5465:US 7th Fleet
5450:
5433:Borneo, 1945
5407:
5388:
5384:Shuri castle
5380:
5375:
5371:
5366:
5360:
5355:
5346:
5343:
5335:
5320:
5309:
5290:
5268:
5260:
5249:
5238:
5221:
5205:
5177:
5172:
5165:
5157:XXXIII Corps
5146:
5135:
5115:West African
5112:
5108:
5073:Final stages
5048:
5025:
5005:
4984:
4961:
4945:
4908:
4895:
4885:
4863:
4857:
4853:Takeo Kurita
4850:
4838:
4815:
4809:
4805:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4765:
4763:
4744:
4738:
4713:
4666:
4658:
4646:
4614:Mobile Fleet
4605:
4595:
4544:
4512:
4500:
4480:
4457:
4419:
4405:
4401:
4376:
4373:
4365:
4347:
4339:
4335:
4327:
4320:
4314:
4280:
4254:
4242:
4208:
4200:Bougainville
4153:
4130:
4122:
4090:
4074:William Slim
4043:
4031:
4018:Akyab island
4011:
4004:
3986:and General
3966:
3948:, spreading
3939:
3924:
3898:
3879:
3870:
3866:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3842:
3838:
3832:
3826:
3820:
3814:
3804:
3793:
3785:Eighth Fleet
3762:
3741:Kokoda Track
3738:
3718:Kokoda Track
3704:
3679:
3673:
3668:
3664:
3660:
3656:
3652:
3648:
3644:
3638:
3630:
3621:codebreakers
3618:
3614:Operation AL
3610:
3593:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3556:
3550:
3544:
3538:
3536:operational—
3534:
3530:MO Operation
3529:
3525:
3521:
3517:
3513:
3509:
3503:
3501:
3495:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3470:codebreakers
3464:
3456:MO Operation
3455:
3450:MO Operation
3448:
3446:
3439:
3407:
3389:
3381:
3341:
3334:
3294:
3269:
3265:Port Moresby
3258:
3231:
3217:
3193:
3160:
3151:
3126:offensives.
3124:
3069:
3063:
3051:
3036:
3025:
2993:
2970:
2960:
2950:
2938:
2927:
2907:
2895:
2878:
2815:
2806:
2802:
2798:
2779:
2765:nationalists
2754:
2742:
2735:
2716:
2708:Wang Jingwei
2701:
2682:
2651:
2632:Vichy France
2613:
2598:
2594:invade Wuhan
2583:
2559:lent support
2532:
2473:
2462:
2439:
2404:
2360:its colonies
2357:
2318:
2307:
2301:
2287:
2248:
2153:
2137:Participants
2111:
2085:Nisshi Jihen
2072:
2047:
2045:
2034:
2030:
2027:World War II
2020:
1984:
1967:Europe first
1940:
1893:
1869:Indian Ocean
1861:World War II
1852:
1848:
1844:
1842:
1783:
1782:
1771:Indian Ocean
1732:Ecuador–Peru
1720:
1719:
1689:Middle East
1663:North Africa
1651:
1650:
1590:Asia-Pacific
1589:
1588:
1587:
1475:
1466:World War II
1421:
1400:Shōwa period
1398:
1397:
1374:
1373:
1368:Korea (1910)
1327:Meiji period
1325:
1268:
1267:
1242:
1222:
1188:
1135:
1130:Project Hula
1115:Fort Stevens
1044:
984:
977:
970:
858:Ocean Island
821:
811:Pearl Harbor
791:
742:
712:
694:
664:
495:Axis leaders
492:
444:
431:Participants
429:
428:See section
402:
396:Participants
394:
393:See section
341:
336:Belligerents
324:Soviet Union
277:retrocession
264:
238:Indian Ocean
154:
128:
58:World War II
43:
19279:Pacific War
19233:Shōwa Modan
19208:Hakkō ichiu
19145:Philippines
19032:after 1943)
19010:Territories
18968:Pacific War
18833:World War I
18709:Air Service
18649:Air Service
18522:Gozen Kaigi
18238:(Yoshihito)
18230:(Mutsuhito)
18176:Nationalism
18121:Agriculture
18065:Pacific War
17371:Bodenplatte
17257:Gothic Line
16483:West Africa
16030:Philippines
16009:Netherlands
15874:Czech lands
15812:Switzerland
15756:Afghanistan
15707:Philippines
15575:Puerto Rico
15491:Philippines
15477:New Zealand
15463:Netherlands
15416:Free France
15167:Prosecution
14968:Osoaviakhim
14838:West Africa
14822:East Africa
14469:Conferences
14106:Bull Halsey
13870:Alvin, Coox
13279:. Cassell.
12640:He, Yingqin
12621:Retribution
12268:. Archway.
11744:Tanaka 2003
11720:Selden 2007
11666:Dauria 2014
11598:Himeta 1995
11266:2 September
11215:24 February
11180:1 September
11142:Banham 2005
11130:Nesbit 2009
11082:Himeta 1995
11044:Rummel 1991
10962:China Daily
10847:. Wanpela.
10773:Toland 2003
10713:Gailey 2011
10580:Selden 2008
10565:Hanson 2004
10553:Skates 1994
10493:Wilson 1982
10474:Gailey 2011
10462:Yahara 1997
10446:Gailey 2011
10431:Gailey 2011
10284:Gailey 2011
10257:Gailey 2011
10207:Gailey 2011
10104:BBC History
10047:Klemen, L.
10016:Stille 2014
10004:Stille 2014
9987:Stille 2014
9964:Stille 2014
9860:Gailey 2011
9844:Gailey 2011
9801:Stille 2014
9780:Stille 2014
9553:Broken Seal
9470:Roscoe 1958
9440:Roscoe 1949
9295:Tanaka 1996
9220:15 December
9197:Stille 2014
9180:Stille 2014
9163:Stille 2014
9144:Stille 2014
9084:Stille 2014
9063:Stille 2014
9051:Stille 2014
9032:Stille 2014
9005:Jansen 2002
8993:Stille 2014
8602:Barber 2010
8387:Stille 2014
8348:Stille 2014
8267:Rummel 1991
8231:Jansen 2002
8219:Garver 1988
7975:Jansen 2002
7815:, Table 5A.
7813:Rummel 1991
7801:Japan Focus
7737:McLynn 2010
7356:Yuki Tanaka
7301:Jowett 2005
7007:New Zealand
6965:Netherlands
6937:Philippines
6820:Karl Dönitz
6658:Nanshin-ron
6210:Philippines
6025:Guadalcanal
5867:China Daily
5862:state media
5767:his Cabinet
5622:atomic bomb
5572:firebombing
5532:, June 1945
5494:on 1 July.
5394:China, 1945
5352:Seiichi Itō
5291:Bunker Hill
5028:Eighth Army
5021:Hiroo Onoda
4980:Clark Field
4911:Cape Engaño
4892:Sibuyan Sea
4547:Operation Z
4446:M3A3 Stuart
4354:Vladivostok
4295:Trincomalee
4119:, June 1943
4093:Phayap Army
3773:Guadalcanal
3751:Guadalcanal
3520:. Although
3352:New Britain
3283:launched a
3226:John Curtin
3200:John Curtin
3130:Philippines
2838:Wake Island
2636:Axis Powers
2563:in Shanghai
2376:Philippines
2297:Free France
2253:with Japan
2200:New Zealand
1994:possessions
1951:Axis powers
1912:Wake Island
1845:Pacific War
1754:Air Warfare
1668:East Africa
1255:Mutanchiang
1076:New Britain
792:Pacific War
724:39 cruisers
521:Hideki Tojo
300:Cession of
259:Territorial
155:Bunker Hill
134:US marines
51:Pacific War
19273:Categories
18997:Occupation
18825:Taishō era
18770:Boshin War
18614:War crimes
18410:Government
18386:Tonarigumi
18293:Privy Seal
18288:State Seal
18246:(Hirohito)
18171:Militarism
18126:Censorship
17471:West Hunan
17304:Pointblank
16640:Silver Fox
16626:Summer War
16379:Winter War
16358:Phoney War
16139:Azerbaijan
16100:Yugoslavia
15995:Luxembourg
15837:Resistance
15584:Yugoslavia
15449:Luxembourg
15251:Sook Ching
15047:War crimes
14649:Technology
14642:Opposition
14584:Lend-Lease
14561:Australian
14554:Home front
14512:Blitzkrieg
14462:Casualties
14453:Commanders
14425:Operations
13099:. Morrow.
12703:1171226366
12073:. Armonk:
11732:Dower 1993
11708:Rauch 2002
11583:1 December
11553:31 October
11463:Gruhl 2007
11067:8 November
10990:2 December
10968:2 December
10908:Dower 1986
10855:31 October
10797:Asada 1998
10746:1 December
10698:Frank 2007
10116:Allen 1984
10063:22 October
9895:23 October
9717:Allen 1984
9668:6 December
9617:Blair 1975
9602:31 October
9578:Blair 1975
9482:Blair 1975
9428:Blair 1975
9377:Allen 1984
9365:Allen 1984
9351:Agar, Jon
8637:31 October
8156:Olsen 2012
8117:31 October
7998:31 October
7865:Gruhl 2007
7707:Gruhl 2007
7677:31 October
7654:Dower 1993
7593:1 December
7568:31 October
7544:|url=
7481:Gruhl 2007
7439:. For the
7388:Dower 1986
7289:Meyer 1997
7222:. HyperWar
7090:References
6967:9,400 dead
6475:War crimes
6429:2,121,000
6378:New Guinea
5815:Casualties
5492:Balikpapan
5411:He Yingqin
5327:Tenth Army
5184:Tenasserim
5077:See also:
5034:, between
4888:Brunei Bay
4389:US Customs
3871:Enterprise
3843:Enterprise
3771:landed on
3769:US Marines
3714:battalions
3685:Kido Butai
3563:Enterprise
3348:New Guinea
3270:President
3171:Corregidor
3140:Corregidor
3112:Burma Road
3100:Sun Li-jen
3090:defending
2956:battleship
2549:suspended
2257:and again
2244:Hukbalahap
2242:, and the
1887:, and the
1855:, was the
1795:Yugoslavia
1776:Madagascar
1739:Antarctica
1710:Dodecanese
1530:Resistance
1498:Winter War
1488:Phoney War
1200:Sagami Bay
1189:Starvation
1071:New Guinea
748:1,000,000+
676:2 cruisers
644:and other
545:14,000,000
218:South Asia
19198:Sonnō jōi
19150:Singapore
19135:Hong Kong
19097:Azad Hind
19072:Mengjiang
19067:Manchukuo
19041:Kantō-shū
18983:Surrender
18895:Shōwa era
18880:Truku War
18751:Meiji era
18719:Tokkeitai
18684:Kempeitai
18595:Senjinkun
18512:Daijō-kan
18475:Munitions
18356:Mokusatsu
18146:Education
17714:Manchukuo
17536:Manchuria
17422:Indochina
17198:Bagration
16649:Lithuania
16294:Anschluss
16091:Viet Minh
15988:Lithuania
15930:Hong Kong
15700:Manchukuo
15655:Azad Hind
15314:Australia
15114:Aftermath
14977:Paperclip
14872:Aftermath
14672:Total war
14540:Diplomacy
14503:In Europe
14285:. (2005).
13820:161822140
13619:. Wiley.
13352:161326427
13127:Pig Boats
12962:144491081
11982:cite book
11788:. Diane.
11526:Hara 2011
11475:Marr 1995
11388:Coox 1973
11309:and 1939
11230:Long 1963
10635:15 August
10541:Grey 1999
10140:Slim 1956
9729:Slim 1956
9568:, p. 323.
9528:Boyd 1979
9389:Slim 1956
9355:, p. 281.
9271:Ch'i 1992
8575:3 October
8545:3 October
8255:Lind 2010
8195:Drea 2005
8046:25 August
8042:. US Army
8024:25 August
7927:Drea 1998
7853:RJ Rummel
7773:Hara 2011
7758:Hara 2011
7226:31 August
7112:Ch'i 1992
7095:Citations
7063:Azad Hind
6923:Australia
6638:Hull note
6594:Tribunals
6423:1,647,200
6154:Manchuria
6062:Navy dead
6059:Army dead
5752:USS
5729:Surrender
5626:Hiroshima
5596:ultimatum
5296:kamikazes
5289:USS
5159:captured
4841:sea lanes
4600:, during
4527:Myitkyina
4503:Mutaguchi
4287:Fremantle
4245:at Tarawa
4086:Ledo Road
3962:dysentery
3734:Milne Bay
3510:Lexington
3480:Lexington
3478:USS
3440:Lexington
3438:USS
3422:Coral Sea
3403:Kamchatka
3388:USS
3356:Aleutians
3333:USS
3062:HMS
2959:HMS
2949:HMS
2922:Singapore
2877:USS
2850:Hong Kong
2846:Singapore
2770:ABCD line
2727:Chongqing
2717:Japanese
2697:guerrilla
2689:Chongqing
2605:Chongqing
2390:, former
2372:Singapore
2368:Hong Kong
2349:Manchuria
2345:Manchukuo
2308:Richelieu
2273:, China,
2236:Việt Minh
2196:Australia
1932:Hong Kong
1928:Singapore
1646:Australia
1542:Alps 1940
1535:1944–1945
1244:Kantokuen
1151:Air raids
1066:Australia
1056:Coral Sea
950:Singapore
945:Hong Kong
574:2,000,000
292:Manchuria
213:East Asia
160:kamikazes
153:USS
141:Japanese
19176:Yen bloc
19164:Ideology
19155:Thailand
19024:Karafuto
19017:Colonies
18609:Kamikaze
18552:Military
18455:Treasury
18309:Policies
18300:Kimigayo
18221:Emperors
18188:Politics
18156:Eugenics
18114:Overview
17647:Category
17596:document
17506:document
17363:Ardennes
17347:Budapest
17295:Crossbow
17173:Overlord
17012:Smolensk
16230:Timeline
16065:Slovakia
16051:Thailand
15902:Ethiopia
15867:Bulgaria
15791:Portugal
15729:Thailand
15611:Bulgaria
15389:Eswatini
15382:Ethiopia
15335:Bulgaria
15160:Unit 731
15121:Response
14938:Keelhaul
14888:Cold War
14861:Americas
14852:timeline
14845:Atlantic
14725:Theaters
14337:Archived
14325:Archived
14092:Yamamoto
14002:Archived
13905:(2016).
13883:(2011).
13770:(1998).
13316:. (2002)
13275:(1956).
13059:(2007).
12741:(2002).
12642:(1978).
12479:(1967).
12357:(1997).
11634:21 April
11628:Archived
11610:Bix 2000
11577:Archived
11547:Archived
11499:10 March
11493:Archived
11438:Archived
11327:Archived
11209:Archived
10941:Archived
10930:Archived
10898:page 110
10849:Archived
10823:Archived
10740:Archived
10657:Archived
10629:Archived
10597:Archived
10525:Archived
10304:Archived
10097:Archived
10057:Archived
9889:Archived
9637:archived
9596:Archived
9214:Archived
8971:29 April
8945:20 April
8939:Archived
8919:20 April
8913:Archived
8884:20 April
8878:Archived
8805:4 August
8799:Archived
8778:4 August
8772:Archived
8747:4 August
8741:Archived
8699:4 August
8693:Archived
8668:4 August
8662:Archived
8631:Archived
8569:Archived
8539:Archived
8509:Archived
8461:Archived
8207:Lin 2010
8067:(1943).
7692:Sen 1999
7636:23 April
7523:cite web
7358:(1996).
7127:Sun 1996
7009:578 dead
6993:Mongolia
6851:theater.
6606:See also
6600:Ichigaya
6503:By Japan
6468:Kormoran
6387:127,600
6364:Moluccas
6261:164,500
6238:Thailand
6219:498,600
6205:247,200
6177:455,700
6079:103,900
6056:Location
5971:Canberra
5934:refugees
5860:Chinese
5784:—
5772:Hirohito
5754:Missouri
5677:Kantōgun
5647:blockade
5639:Nagasaki
5538:Iwo Jima
5500:Sandakan
5419:Zhijiang
5225:Iwo Jima
5191:Iwo Jima
5161:Mandalay
5153:Meiktila
5149:IV Corps
5030:invaded
4952:Mindanao
4797:Albacore
4579:Marianas
4551:Marshall
4535:The Hump
4529:after a
4495:Nagaland
4383:and its
4377:en route
4321:Nautilus
4315:Yamakaze
4291:Brisbane
4196:Choiseul
4035:Chindits
3867:Saratoga
3732:base at
3669:Yorktown
3661:Yorktown
3578:Yorktown
3573:Saratoga
3514:Yorktown
3485:Yorktown
3465:Yorktown
3410:Yamamoto
3408:Admiral
3222:—
3072:Moulmein
2954:and the
2942:matériel
2746:Haiphong
2601:incident
2545:and the
2452:and the
2436:Theaters
2416:and the
2329:Thailand
2267:Mongolia
2000:Overview
1990:occupied
1947:Thailand
1898:and the
1815:Bulgaria
1744:Atlantic
1727:Americas
1680:Adriatic
1262:Chongjin
1223:Downfall
1161:Yokosuka
978:Tiderace
935:Thailand
713:Military
665:Military
565:400,000
530:Strength
509:Hirohito
318:and the
283:to China
205:Location
56:Part of
18742:History
18714:Marines
18351:Kokutai
18256:Symbols
18236:Taishō
18193:Statism
18136:Economy
17693:during
17573:Shumshu
17340:Hungary
17287:Estonia
17271:Lapland
17249:Dragoon
17182:Neptune
17164:Ichi-Go
17130:Tempest
17072:Changde
17027:Cottage
16919:Jubilee
16635:Finland
16533:Compass
16239:Prelude
16192:Finland
16078:Vietnam
16044:Romania
15916:Germany
15895:Estonia
15881:Denmark
15860:Belgium
15853:Austria
15846:Albania
15777:Ireland
15763:Andorra
15747:Neutral
15714:Romania
15648:Hungary
15633:Finland
15505:Romania
15397:Finland
15375:Denmark
15321:Belgium
15307:Algeria
15013:Romania
14999:Hungary
14755:Pacific
14479:General
14433:Leaders
14418:Battles
14411:Outline
14363:YouTube
14028:3134247
13981:Press.
13717:. 1953.
13646:(1942)
13235:7 March
12836:1297619
12460:1983926
11844:3641184
11777:Sources
11411:11 July
11351:KhT-130
11243:Beehive
11094:He 1978
11032:Ho 1959
10815:ibiblio
10736:YouTube
9921:8 April
9753:Stevens
9495:"Boats"
9451:Prange
8515:8 April
7546:value (
7534:value (
7513:11 July
6953:68,407+
6462:Pinguin
6426:473,800
6415:88,200
6401:30,500
6381:112,400
6350:Celebes
6345:18,000
6331:53,000
6294:Sumatra
6275:11,400
6255:163,000
6233:12,400
6216:121,100
6213:377,500
6202:151,400
6191:52,700
6182:Siberia
6171:435,600
6163:46,700
6149:11,400
6135:26,500
6121:39,100
6107:89,400
6098:Okinawa
6093:15,200
6051:Losses
5864:outlet
5797:V-J Day
5594:. This
5565:General
5542:Okinawa
5480:Tarakan
5415:Kunming
5338:Hagushi
5312:Okinawa
5274:Okinawa
5173:Dracula
5127:Mong-Yu
4964:Mindoro
4896:Musashi
4864:Musashi
4810:Shōkaku
4787:Cavalla
4782:Shōkaku
4739:Zuikaku
4716:Peleliu
4571:Sumatra
4507:monsoon
4426:Guangxi
4233:in 1943
3954:typhoid
3950:cholera
3931:Yueyang
3845:in the
3834:Zuikaku
3828:Shokaku
3711:reserve
3674:Hammann
3526:Zuikaku
3522:Zuikaku
3518:Shōkaku
3092:Toungoo
3080:Rangoon
3037:At the
2985:Bandung
2979:to the
2964:, were
2951:Repulse
2879:Arizona
2693:Shaanxi
2418:Italian
2406:Germany
2394:(after
2259:in 1939
2255:in 1938
1955:Germany
1873:Oceania
1857:theater
1851:or the
1820:Hungary
1810:Romania
1659:Africa
1559:Balkans
1554:Britain
1508:Lapland
1503:Karelia
1493:Finland
1215:Shumshu
1100:Ellwood
965:Vietnam
646:puppets
620:126,500
584:140,000
322:by the
304:to the
261:changes
254:victory
228:Oceania
19140:Malaya
19115:Borneo
19051:Taiwan
19046:Nan'yō
19036:Chōsen
19029:naichi
18244:Shōwa
18228:Meiji
18203:Kazoku
18151:System
17856:
17550:Debate
17522:Taipei
17515:Borneo
17093:Tarawa
16287:Europe
16248:Africa
16037:Poland
16023:Norway
16002:Malaya
15981:Latvia
15923:Greece
15909:France
15805:Sweden
15770:Bhutan
15498:Poland
15484:Norway
15456:Mexico
15423:Greece
15409:France
15347:Canada
15328:Brazil
15298:Allies
15244:Serbia
15233:Poland
15006:Poland
14992:Baltic
14785:Europe
14487:Topics
14439:Allied
14297:
14281:
14267:
14251:
14235:
14186:
14139:
14120:
14099:Nimitz
14043:
14026:
13985:
13913:
13891:
13858:
13839:
13818:
13787:
13755:
13729:
13681:
13648:online
13623:
13604:21 May
13595:
13565:
13542:
13523:
13504:
13483:
13464:
13445:
13426:
13407:
13388:
13367:
13350:
13302:
13283:
13261:
13209:
13190:
13171:
13152:
13103:
13067:
13045:
13015:
12996:
12977:
12960:
12928:
12898:
12870:
12851:
12834:
12813:
12792:
12770:
12751:
12718:
12701:
12682:
12659:
12628:
12607:
12588:
12569:
12550:
12531:
12510:
12491:
12458:
12427:
12408:
12386:
12365:
12333:
12310:
12291:
12272:
12253:
12234:
12194:
12175:
12156:
12119:
12100:
12081:
12058:
12026:
12003:
11961:
11942:
11914:
11887:
11868:
11842:
11811:
11792:
11693:23 May
11353:S, 17
11347:KhT-26
11175:GOV.UK
10878:
10684:
10603:9 June
10174:
9643:9 June
9453:et al.
7617:
7542:Check
7530:Check
7461:
7366:
7178:p. 221
7023:5 dead
7021:Mexico
7018:
7004:
6990:
6979:France
6976:
6962:
6948:
6934:
6920:
6906:
6892:
6878:
6827:time.)
6465:, and
6456:Michel
6420:Totals
6412:25,000
6409:63,200
6398:10,800
6395:19,700
6384:15,200
6373:4,400
6359:5,500
6339:11,300
6336:Borneo
6325:51,800
6317:6,500
6303:3,200
6289:2,400
6247:7,000
6199:95,800
6185:52,300
6174:20,100
6157:45,900
6129:19,600
6118:10,600
6115:28,500
6104:21,500
6101:67,900
6090:12,500
6076:45,800
6073:58,100
6065:total
5990:Others
5983:Sydney
5980:, and
5908:Bengal
5890:: the
5835:Tarawa
5820:Allied
5518:, and
5484:Labuan
5471:, the
5376:Yahagi
5372:Yamato
5367:Yamato
5361:Yahagi
5356:Yamato
5347:Ten-Go
5329:. The
5316:Kyushu
5131:Hsipaw
5059:Negros
5036:Borneo
4858:Yamato
4747:Saipan
4707:, and
4701:Nagoya
4681:Tinian
4677:Saipan
4641:, and
4575:Rabaul
4561:, the
4491:Kohima
4476:Indian
4283:Cavite
4148:, and
3958:plague
3851:Hornet
3839:Hornet
3822:Haruna
3777:Tulagi
3651:, and
3584:Midway
3568:Hornet
3490:Neosho
3390:Hornet
3360:Midway
3354:, the
3335:Hornet
3246:Rabaul
3120:Imphal
3116:Yunnan
3108:Lashio
3064:Hermes
3058:Ceylon
3045:. The
2996:Rabaul
2934:Penang
2848:, and
2842:Malaya
2836:, and
2725:, and
2609:Yan'an
2414:German
2378:, the
2374:, the
2364:Taiwan
2289:Mexico
2277:, the
2238:, the
2234:, the
2230:, the
2226:, the
2206:. The
2204:Canada
2184:Malaya
2150:Allies
2110:. The
1943:Allies
1934:, and
1930:, and
1924:Malaya
1918:, and
1908:Hawaii
1883:, the
1879:, the
1871:, and
1867:, the
1749:Arctic
1581:Sicily
1483:Poland
1477:Europe
985:Zipper
971:Jurist
940:Malaya
899:Ceylon
833:Midway
419:
385:
372:
358:
344:Allies
281:Taiwan
252:Allied
248:Result
183:, 1945
176:, 1944
169:, 1945
162:, 1945
149:, 1941
138:, 1945
19120:Burma
18838:Entry
18532:Peers
18396:Senbu
18381:Tokkō
17326:Leyte
17156:Narva
17142:Anzio
17100:Makin
17058:Burma
16942:Torch
16911:Rzhev
16872:Kiska
15958:Korea
15944:Japan
15937:Italy
15819:Tibet
15798:Spain
15676:Italy
15437:Italy
15430:India
15354:China
15229:Japan
14829:Italy
14741:China
14693:Women
13816:S2CID
13348:S2CID
13086:1 May
12958:S2CID
12674:[
12456:JSTOR
12041:[
11840:JSTOR
11355:T-37s
11349:S, 2
11345:, 10
11343:T-26s
11339:BT-5s
11335:BT-7s
10986:. BBC
8467:3 May
8292:6 May
6689:Notes
6370:1,800
6367:2,600
6356:4,000
6353:1,500
6342:6,700
6328:1,200
6314:3,800
6311:2,700
6297:2,700
6286:1,500
6272:2,900
6269:8,500
6258:1,500
6241:6,900
6230:4,500
6227:7,900
6146:3,200
6143:8,200
6132:6,900
6126:Korea
6087:2,700
6070:Japan
6040:Tokyo
5977:Perth
5917:, or
5904:Bihar
5896:Henan
5888:India
5855:China
5051:Panay
4972:Luzon
4915:Samar
4846:Leyte
4806:Taihō
4792:Taihō
4705:Osaka
4697:Tokyo
4653:B-29s
4583:Palau
4559:Nauru
4368:class
4366:I-400
4257:Cairo
3837:sank
3816:Kongo
3806:Ryujo
3680:I-168
3665:Hiryū
3657:Hiryū
3653:Akagi
3645:Sōryū
3594:Hiryū
3557:Hiryū
3551:Akagi
3539:Sōryū
3505:Shōhō
3368:Samoa
3305:India
3004:Timor
2723:Wuhan
2599:Panay
2410:Italy
2325:Japan
2192:Tonga
2180:Burma
2176:India
2156:China
2118:十五年戦争
2099:太平洋戦争
2055:大東亜戦争
1959:Italy
1830:Japan
1805:Italy
1784:Coups
1685:Malta
1629:Japan
1597:China
1576:Italy
1156:Tokyo
1144:Japan
1061:Timor
493:Main
445:Main
422:Japan
403:Main
342:Main
288:Korea
273:China
18450:Navy
18445:Army
17392:1945
17120:1944
16961:1943
16889:Blue
16879:Attu
16786:1942
16545:1941
16397:1940
16335:1939
16264:Asia
16111:POWs
15951:Jews
15669:Iraq
15595:Axis
15545:Tuva
15361:Cuba
14446:Axis
14295:ISBN
14279:ISBN
14265:ISBN
14249:ISBN
14233:ISBN
14184:ISBN
14137:ISBN
14118:ISBN
14041:ISBN
14024:OCLC
13983:ISBN
13911:ISBN
13889:ISBN
13856:ISBN
13837:ISBN
13785:ISBN
13753:ISBN
13727:ISBN
13679:ISBN
13621:ISBN
13606:2012
13593:ISBN
13563:ISBN
13540:ISBN
13521:ISBN
13502:ISBN
13481:ISBN
13462:ISBN
13443:ISBN
13424:ISBN
13405:ISBN
13386:ISBN
13365:ISBN
13300:ISBN
13281:ISBN
13259:ISBN
13237:2021
13207:ISBN
13188:ISBN
13169:ISBN
13150:ISBN
13101:ISBN
13088:2021
13065:ISBN
13043:ISBN
13013:ISBN
12994:ISBN
12975:ISBN
12926:ISBN
12896:ISBN
12868:ISBN
12849:ISBN
12832:OCLC
12811:ISBN
12790:ISBN
12768:ISBN
12749:ISBN
12716:ISBN
12699:OCLC
12680:ISBN
12657:ISBN
12626:ISBN
12605:ISBN
12586:ISBN
12567:ISBN
12548:ISBN
12529:ISBN
12508:ISBN
12489:ISBN
12425:ISBN
12406:ISBN
12384:ISBN
12363:ISBN
12331:ISBN
12308:ISBN
12289:ISBN
12270:ISBN
12251:ISBN
12232:ISBN
12192:ISBN
12173:ISBN
12154:ISBN
12117:ISBN
12098:ISBN
12079:ISBN
12056:ISBN
12024:ISBN
12001:ISBN
11988:link
11959:ISBN
11940:ISBN
11912:ISBN
11885:ISBN
11866:ISBN
11809:ISBN
11790:ISBN
11695:2014
11636:2010
11585:2015
11555:2010
11501:2016
11413:2008
11322:Per
11268:2024
11217:2018
11182:2024
11069:2020
10992:2010
10970:2010
10914:help
10876:ISBN
10857:2010
10831:2012
10748:2015
10682:ISBN
10637:2015
10605:2015
10172:ISBN
10065:2017
9923:2020
9897:2019
9670:2015
9645:2008
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