1460:
1517:
1444:
4275:
1491:
922:
531:
818:
1966:
1472:
2142:
2063:
2409:
3630:
3068:
3237:
2752:
1998:
4420:
3398:
2580:
3087:
2501:
2302:
2037:
3221:
1654:
867:. It is not known with any certainty what level of maritime technology was used by these groups – the presumption is that they used large bamboo rafts which may have been equipped with some sort of sail. The reduction in favourable winds for a crossing to Sahul after 58,000 B.P. fits with the dating of the settlement of Australia, with no later migrations in the prehistoric period. The seafaring abilities of pre-Austronesian residents of Island South-east Asia are confirmed by the settlement of
2554:
9359:
194:
2698:
4384:
2089:
2462:
2168:
180:
2488:
2889:
2864:
2850:
2836:
2808:
2794:
2780:
2766:
2724:
2659:
1984:
2395:
3786:
3638:
3355:
2423:
2355:
2129:
2567:
1662:
2606:
2103:
4372:
1535:
3102:
2368:
1112:
3706:
2541:
2236:
2222:
2196:
2822:
2289:
2209:
2024:
2593:
2262:
2076:
2632:
2116:
4567:
2685:
2672:
2646:
2011:
2449:
2315:
2528:
4396:
2619:
2436:
2341:
2328:
2275:
2050:
170:
2155:
2475:
2381:
2182:
2738:
2515:
3124:
2249:
1638:
4408:
3375:
54:
1443:
3772:
Deep-sea mining for manganese nodules appears to have drastic consequences for the ocean. It disrupts deep-sea ecosystems and may cause irreversible damage to fragile marine habitats. Sediment stirring and chemical pollution threaten various marine animals. In addition, the mining process can lead to
3298:
activity peaks in late summer, when the difference between temperatures aloft and sea surface temperatures is the greatest; however, each particular basin has its own seasonal patterns. On a worldwide scale, May is the least active month, while
September is the most active month. November is the only
3140:
also varies latitudinally, reaching a maximum of 37 parts per thousand in the southeastern area. The water near the equator, which can have a salinity as low as 34 parts per thousand, is less salty than that found in the mid-latitudes because of abundant equatorial precipitation throughout the year.
3475:
Within the closed loop of the andesite line are most of the deep troughs, submerged volcanic mountains, and oceanic volcanic islands that characterize the
Pacific basin. Here basaltic lavas gently flow out of rifts to build huge dome-shaped volcanic mountains whose eroded summits form island arcs,
1017:
by around 500 CE. More recently, it is suggested that
Austronesians expanded already earlier, arriving in the Philippines already in 7000 BCE. Additional earlier migrations into Insular Southeast Asia, associated with Austroasiatic-speakers from Mainland Southeast Asia, are estimated to have taken
3652:
The
Northwestern Pacific Ocean is most susceptible to micro plastic pollution due to its proximity to highly populated countries like Japan and China. The quantity of small plastic fragments floating in the north-east Pacific Ocean increased a hundredfold between 1972 and 2012. The ever-growing
3331:
within the Mid-Latitudes can be particularly strong, especially in the
Southern Hemisphere, due to the temperature difference between the tropics and Antarctica, which records the coldest temperature readings on the planet. In the Southern hemisphere, because of the stormy and cloudy conditions
3135:
The volume of the
Pacific Ocean, representing about 50.1 percent of the world's oceanic water, has been estimated at some 714 million cubic kilometers (171 million cubic miles). Surface water temperatures in the Pacific can vary from −1.4 °C (29.5 °F), the freezing point of
3032:
Islands in the
Pacific Ocean are of four basic types: continental islands, high islands, coral reefs and uplifted coral platforms. Continental islands lie outside the andesite line and include New Guinea, the islands of New Zealand, and the Philippines. Some of these islands are structurally
1692:
in the north. The
Pacific Ocean encompasses approximately one-third of the Earth's surface, having an area of 165,200,000 km (63,800,000 sq mi) – larger than Earth's entire landmass combined, 150,000,000 km (58,000,000 sq mi).
3682:, also known as marine litter, is human-created waste that has ended up floating in a lake, sea, ocean, or waterway. Oceanic debris tends to accumulate at the center of gyres and coastlines, frequently washing aground where it is known as beach litter.
4349:
4287:
4279:
1459:
969:) – it is likely that the progressive development of these technologies were related to the later steps of settlement into Near and Remote Oceania. Starting at around 2200 BCE, Austronesians sailed southwards to settle the
3322:
In the arctic, icing from
October to May can present a hazard for shipping while persistent fog occurs from June to December. A climatological low in the Gulf of Alaska keeps the southern coast wet and mild during the winter months. The
3663:
is a generic term for the harmful entry into the ocean of chemicals or particles. The main culprits are those using the rivers for disposing of their waste. The rivers then empty into the ocean, often also bringing chemicals used as
3251:
in the southern and eastern
Pacific are remarkably steady while conditions in the North Pacific are far more varied with, for example, cold winter temperatures on the east coast of Russia contrasting with the milder weather off
1790:, the Pacific Ocean is currently shrinking by roughly 2.5 cm (1 in) per year on three sides, roughly averaging 0.52 km (0.20 sq mi) a year. By contrast, the Atlantic Ocean is increasing in size.
4354:
4291:
3606:
has become a serious problem in some areas. Overfishing leads to depleted fish populations and closed fisheries, causing both economic and ecologic consequences. For example, catches in the rich fishing grounds of the
6864:
1976:(Inhabited dependent territories are denoted by the asterisk (*), with names of the corresponding sovereign states in round brackets. Associated states in the Realm of New Zealand are denoted by the hash sign (#).)
7006:
1553:
during the 19th century resulted in the occupation of much of Oceania by European powers, and later Japan and the United States. Significant contributions to oceanographic knowledge were made by the voyages of
3141:
The lowest counts of less than 32 parts per thousand are found in the far north as less evaporation of seawater takes place in these frigid areas. The motion of Pacific waters is generally clockwise in the
3048:
off northeastern Australia with chains of reef patches. A second island type formed of coral is the uplifted coral platform, which is usually slightly larger than the low coral islands. Examples include
3768:
that contain minerals such as magnesium, nickel, copper, zinc and cobalt. The largest deposits of these are found in the Pacific Ocean between Mexico and Hawaii in the Clarion Clipperton Fracture Zone.
2902:
The Pacific Ocean has most of the islands in the world. There are about 25,000 islands in the Pacific Ocean. The islands entirely within the Pacific Ocean can be divided into three main groups known as
3745:
3714:
322:
covers about 46% of Earth's water surface and about 32% of the planet's total surface area, larger than its entire land area (148,000,000 km (57,000,000 sq mi)). The centers of both the
5737:"International Journal of Oceans and Oceanography, Volume 15 Number 1, 2021, Determining the Areas and Geographical Centers of Pacific Ocean and its Northern and Southern Halves, pp 25–31, Arjun Tan"
3748:
into the Pacific Ocean over a course of 30 years was approved by the Japanese Cabinet. The Cabinet concluded the radioactive water would have been diluted to drinkable standard. Apart from dumping,
3749:
1433:
on his voyage of exploration, established the width of the Pacific with precision for the first time in history. One of the earliest voyages of scientific exploration was organized by Spain in the
3180:, while the rest turns southward to rejoin the North Equatorial Current. The Aleutian Current branches as it approaches North America and forms the base of a counter-clockwise circulation in the
1684:
The Pacific separates Asia and Australia from the Americas. It may be further subdivided by the equator into northern (North Pacific) and southern (South Pacific) portions. It extends from the
7112:
5008:
1606:
in 1888. By occupying Easter Island, Chile joined the imperial nations. By 1900 nearly all Pacific islands were in control of Britain, France, United States, Germany, Japan, and Chile.
7234:"ALGUNAS CONSECUENCIAS JURÍDICAS DE LA INVOCACIÓN POR PARTE DE CHILE DE LA "TEORÍA DE LA DELIMITACIÓN NATURAL DE LOS OCÉANOS" EN EL DIFERENDO SOBRE LA PLATAFORMA CONTINENTAL AUSTRAL"
3547:
The exploitation of the Pacific's mineral wealth is hampered by the ocean's great depths. In shallow waters of the continental shelves off the coasts of Australia and New Zealand,
1471:
413:, located in the northwestern Pacific, is the deepest known point in the world, reaching a depth of 10,928 meters (35,853 feet). The Pacific also contains the deepest point in the
1783:) below sea level. Its average depth is 4,280 m (14,040 ft; 2,340 fathoms), putting the total water volume at roughly 710,000,000 km (170,000,000 cu mi).
1490:
6089:
Toward an Ecosystem Approach for the Western Pacific Region: from Species-based Fishery Management Plans to Place-based Fishery Ecosystem Plans: Environmental Impact Statement
4781:
Heiske, Margit; Alva, Omar; Pereda-Loth, Veronica; Van Schalkwyk, Matthew; Radimilahy, Chantal; Letellier, Thierry; Rakotarisoa, Jean-Aimé; Pierron, Denis (22 January 2021).
7024:
3472:
along South America to Mexico, returning then to the islands off California. Indonesia, the Philippines, Japan, New Guinea, and New Zealand lie outside the andesite line.
5999:
Carta universal en que se contiene todo lo que del mundo se ha descubierto fasta agora / hizola Diego Ribero cosmographo de su magestad, ano de 1529, e[n] Sevilla
3336:
riding the jet stream, it is usual to refer to the Westerlies as the Roaring Forties, Furious Fifties and Shrieking Sixties according to the varying degrees of latitude.
6997:
6455:
5910:
4738:
Winter, Olaf; Clark, Geoffrey; Anderson, Atholl; Lindahl, Anders (September 2012). "Austronesian sailing to the northern Marianas, a comment on Hung et al. (2011)".
7078:
6861:
7753:
3657:
between California and Japan is three times the size of France. An estimated 80,000 metric tons of plastic inhabit the patch, totaling 1.8 trillion pieces.
1235:, completing the first world circumnavigation in 1522. Sailing around and east of the Moluccas, between 1525 and 1527, Portuguese expeditions encountered the
4309:
3773:
greenhouse gas emissions and promote further climate change. Preventing deep-sea mining is therefore important to ensure the long-term health of the ocean.
6472:
3420:'s description of it as "a pacific sea" during his circumnavigation from 1519 to 1522. To Magellan, it seemed much more calm (pacific) than the Atlantic.
6083:
3067:
4577:
1437:
of 1789–1794. It sailed vast areas of the Pacific, from Cape Horn to Alaska, Guam and the Philippines, New Zealand, Australia, and the South Pacific.
1370:
was at times patrolled by fleets sent to prevent the entrance of non-Spanish ships. On the western side of the Pacific Ocean the Dutch threatened the
6978:
4274:
5000:
4518:
3311:
form south of Mexico, sometimes striking the western Mexican coast and occasionally the Southwestern United States between June and October, while
3044:
of the South Pacific are low-lying structures that have built up on basaltic lava flows under the ocean's surface. One of the most dramatic is the
1743:
1516:
6480:
6430:
6079:
6077:
6889:
7849:
4644:
3817:
314:
At 165,250,000 square kilometers (63,800,000 square miles) in area (as defined with a southern Antarctic border), this largest division of the
155:
68:
6786:
783:, more than 25,000 islands, large and small, rise above the surface of the Pacific Ocean. Multiple islands were the shells of former active
1398:
4286:
Scientific researchers have proposed delimiting the boundary between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans by two different natural boundaries,
7097:
7681:
5531:
A Synopsis of the Cruise of the U.S.S. "Tuscarora": From the Date of Her Commission to Her Arrival in San Francisco, Cal. Sept. 2d, 1874
1625:
came under the control of the United States. Since the end of World War II, many former colonies in the Pacific have become independent
1613:
and the Philippines from Spain in 1898, Japan controlled most of the western Pacific by 1914 and occupied many other islands during the
9123:
8982:
6423:
7198:
7028:
3574:
are an important economic asset in the Pacific. The shallower shoreline waters of the continents and the more temperate islands yield
7185:
4833:
Gray RD, Drummond AJ, Greenhill SJ (January 2009). "Language phylogenies reveal expansion pulses and pauses in Pacific settlement".
9309:
7186:'PEW - The Clarion-Clipperton Zone - Valuable minerals and many unusual species can be found on the eastern Pacific Ocean seafloor'
1728: – halfway around the world, and more than five times the diameter of the Moon. Its geographic center is in eastern
1069:), mixing with earlier Austronesian migrations in the region. This remained the furthest extent of the Austronesian expansion into
3491:
zones. Only the central part of the North American coast and the Antarctic and Australian coasts have no nearby subduction zones.
3315:
forming in the northwestern Pacific moving into southeast and east Asia from May to December. Tropical cyclones also form in the
331:
843:
Important human migrations occurred in the Pacific in prehistoric times. Modern humans first reached the western Pacific in the
9411:
9116:
9002:
7513:
Pacific Island Landscapes: Landscape and Geological Development of Southwest Pacific Islands, Especially Fiji, Samoa and Tonga
7127:
3438:
igneous rock on its margins. The andesite line follows the western edge of the islands off California and passes south of the
1262:. For the remainder of the 16th century, Spain maintained military and mercantile control, with ships sailing from Mexico and
1137:
The first contact of European navigators with the western edge of the Pacific Ocean was made by the Portuguese expeditions of
9111:
9045:
7771:
7639:
7620:
7597:
7569:
7543:
7524:
7500:
7481:
7449:
7430:
7411:
7392:
7371:
7292:
6755:
6706:
6679:
6652:
6625:
6598:
6522:
6311:
6224:
6197:
6170:
6143:
6116:
6062:
5955:
5928:
5878:
5802:
5720:
5657:
The Covenant to Establish a Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands in Political Union With the United States of America
5641:
5440:
5379:
5333:
5299:
5205:
5134:
5087:
4983:
4619:
O'Connor, Sue; Hiscock, Peter (2018). "The Peopling of Sahul and Near Oceania". In Cochrane, Ethan E; Hunt, Terry L. (eds.).
3294:
during the summer months contrast with dry winds in the winter which blow over the ocean from the Asian landmass. Worldwide,
270:
7517:
7113:"How many nuclear weapons are at the bottom of the sea. An (almost certainly incomplete) census of broken arrows over water"
6452:
4716:
4675:
4532:
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3033:
associated with nearby continents. High islands are of volcanic origin, and many contain active volcanoes. Among these are
1666:
1192:
145:
7309:
4549:
9099:
9094:
9040:
6402:
3694:
3532:
1321:("the Southern Land"), Spanish explorations in the 17th century, such as the expedition led by the Portuguese navigator
993:, and the first to cross vast distances of open water. They also continued spreading southwards and settling the rest of
5893:
847:, at around 60,000 to 70,000 years ago. Originating from a southern coastal human migration out of Africa, they reached
8968:
7842:
7824:– Realtime (OSCAR) Near-realtime Pacific Ocean Surface Currents derived from satellite altimeter and scatterometer data
4893:
4710:
4669:
4628:
3764:
An emerging threat for the Pacific ocean is the development of deep-sea mining. Deep-sea mining is aimed at extracting
3086:
9050:
7166:
6386:
5618:
5357:
5111:
4884:
Pawley A (2002). "The Austronesian dispersal: languages, technologies and people". In Bellwood PS, Renfrew C (eds.).
4304:
3275:
is computed, and if the region is more than 0.5 °C (0.9 °F) above or below normal for that period, then an
875:
by 25,000 B.P. Journeys of 180 kilometres (110 mi) and 230 kilometres (140 mi) are involved, respectively.
140:
7821:
5197:
The Discoveries of the World from Their First Original Unto the Year of Our Lord 1555, issued by the Hakluyt Society
3484:. The Ring of Fire is named after the several hundred active volcanoes that sit above the various subduction zones.
921:
787:
that have lain dormant for thousands of years. Close to the equator, without vast areas of blue ocean, are a dot of
9065:
9055:
8997:
8975:
8958:
8953:
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3624:
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7807:
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1215:
in his honor until the eighteenth century. Magellan stopped at one uninhabited Pacific island before stopping at
7795:
5769:
3264:
3078:
36:
9019:
3316:
2147:
547:
28:
24:
6471:
4783:"Genetic evidence and historical theories of the Asian and African origins of the present Malagasy population"
9329:
9314:
7835:
7612:
6274:
4470:
3427:
is the most significant regional distinction in the Pacific. A petrologic boundary, it separates the deeper,
3201:
1830:
1430:
530:
7689:
Dirlik, Arif. "The Asia-Pacific Idea: Reality and Representation in the Invention of a Regional Structure",
7061:[Prime Minister Suga asks if the treated radioactive water is drinkable. Here is TEPCO's response].
5479:
5042:
Langdon, Robert. The Bamboo Raft as a Key to the Introduction of the Sweet Potato in Prehistoric Polynesia,
2946:
and by far the largest of the Pacific islands. The other main Melanesian groups from north to south are the
1322:
9362:
9014:
8644:
8371:
8076:
7357:
7233:
3345:
1965:
1954:
1946:, caused by underwater earthquakes, have devastated many islands and in some cases destroyed entire towns.
1538:
1450:
8501:
7363:
5223:
South East Asia, Colonial History: Imperialism before 1800, Volume 1 de South East Asia, Colonial History
5178:
3654:
3620:
3405:
3128:
1642:
6503:"A Review of South Pacific Tropical Cyclones: Impacts of Natural Climate Variability and Climate Change"
1366: – a sea closed to other naval powers. As the only known entrance from the Atlantic, the
8679:
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7962:
7947:
7350:
5660:
4362:
1386:
1169:
1106:
817:
808:
489:
323:
6904:
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1251:
1184:) because the ocean was to the south of the coast of the isthmus where he first observed the Pacific.
9060:
8992:
8963:
8948:
8689:
8614:
6979:"'Great Pacific Garbage Patch' is massive floating island of plastic, now 3 times the size of France"
6881:
6419:
4339:
3611:
off the Russian coast have been reduced by at least half since the 1990s as a result of overfishing.
3476:
chains, and clusters. Outside the andesite line, volcanism is of the explosive type, and the Pacific
1390:
263:
6370:
3797:
3204:. As it approaches the Chilean coast, the South Equatorial Current divides; one branch flows around
8649:
8566:
8149:
7862:
5504:
3367:
3189:
3154:
2414:
1622:
185:
32:
7827:
5245:
4350:
Natural delimitation between the Pacific and South Atlantic oceans by the Shackleton Fracture Zone
4280:
Natural delimitation between the Pacific and South Atlantic oceans by the Shackleton Fracture Zone
3200:, and joins the main westerly circulation of the South Pacific, which includes the Earth-circling
1926:, the explorer indeed found the ocean peaceful; however, the Pacific is not always peaceful. Many
1724:, where it stretches approximately 19,800 km (12,300 mi) from Indonesia to the coast of
1224:
1093:
by 1000 CE; and finally New Zealand by 1200 CE. Austronesians may have also reached as far as the
1053:
by 900 to 800 BCE. Some also back-migrated northwards in 200 BCE to settle the islands of eastern
9296:
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8571:
8281:
8276:
6342:
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3304:
3300:
3268:
2916:
1900:
994:
915:
891:
852:
355:
1950:
1793:
Along the Pacific Ocean's irregular western margins lie many seas, the largest of which are the
1422:
9421:
9401:
9391:
9273:
9080:
8674:
8477:
7632:
Prehistory in the Pacific Islands: A Study of Variation in Language, Customs, and Human Biology
6551:
5710:
3909:
3267:(ENSO) affects weather conditions. To determine the phase of ENSO, the most recent three-month
3247:
The climate patterns of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres generally mirror each other. The
1896:
936:
887:
868:
859:, and then Australia by making the sea crossing of at least 80 kilometres (50 mi) between
7761:
7745:, annual feature in January issue since 1979; comprehensive listing of new books and articles.
6745:
6642:
6301:
6214:
6160:
6052:
5631:
5546:
5430:
5325:
5319:
5124:
3563:, Nicaragua, Panama, and the Philippines, although in sharply declining volume in some cases.
3370:
along part of the west coast of North America, whose trench is completely buried in sediments.
9366:
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9150:
8793:
8694:
8303:
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7511:
6696:
6354:
6133:
6087:
5945:
5868:
5457:"Library Acquires Copy of 1507 Waldseemüller World Map – News Releases (Library of Congress)"
5291:
4888:. McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge. pp. 251–273.
4582:
4570: One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
3333:
1566:
1522:
1158:
864:
776:
288:
7722:
6669:
6256:
5792:
5369:
4661:
Ancient Ocean Crossings: Reconsidering the Case for Contacts with the Pre-Columbian Americas
1338:
510:
of the world in 1521, as he encountered favorable winds on reaching the ocean. He called it
9240:
8216:
7934:
7670:
7218:
6916:
6816:
6617:
Map New Zealand: 100 Magnificent Maps from the Collection of the Alexander Turnbull Library
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5282:
Henderson, James D.; Delpar, Helen; Brungardt, Maurice Philip; Weldon, Richard N. (2000).
5195:
1953:
map of 1507 was the first to show the Americas separating two distinct oceans. Later, the
1341:. Dutch explorers, sailing around southern Africa, also engaged in exploration and trade;
1191:
and his crew were the first to cross the Pacific in recorded history. They were part of a
1119:
8:
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until around 700 CE when there was another surge of island exploration. They reached the
661:
414:
6920:
6905:"Environmental implications of microplastic pollution in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean"
6820:
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5835:
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1138:
9177:
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8085:
8007:
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7467:
6998:"'Great Pacific garbage patch' 16 times bigger than previously thought, say scientists"
6948:
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6804:
6528:
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5692:
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1919:
1912:
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circumnavigated and landed on parts of the Australian continental coast and arrived at
1250:
In 1564, five Spanish ships carrying 379 soldiers crossed the ocean from Mexico led by
1188:
1162:
953:–1500 BCE. They are associated with distinctive maritime sailing technologies (notably
697:
503:
327:
7252:
7231:
6501:
Chand, Savin S.; Dowdy, Andrew; Bell, Samuel; Tory, Kevin (2020), Kumar, Lalit (ed.),
3511:, about 200 million years ago. The oldest Pacific Ocean floor is only around 180
1207:(or "Pacific" meaning, "peaceful") because, after sailing through the stormy seas off
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8704:
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7902:
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7696:
Dixon, Chris, and David Drakakis-Smith. "The Pacific Asian Region: Myth or Reality?"
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5001:"'Game-changing' study suggests first Polynesians voyaged all the way from East Asia"
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4804:
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4624:
4512:
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In addition, the Pacific Ocean has served as the crash site of satellites, including
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average for the area approximately 3,000 km (1,900 mi) to the southeast of
3022:
3014:
2757:
2743:
2703:
1908:
1834:
1418:
1311:
1291:
1286:, in one of the longest trade routes in history. Spanish expeditions also arrived at
1232:
1173:
502:(in Spanish). Afterwards, the ocean's current name was coined by Portuguese explorer
493:
20:
7562:
Pacific Nations and Territories: The Islands of Micronesia, Melanesia, and Polynesia
7358:
prepared by the Special Publications Division, National Geographic Society. (1985).
6928:
6722:
5853:
4870:
4355:
Natural delimitation between the Pacific and South Atlantic oceans by the Scotia Arc
3737:
were lost in the Pacific Ocean, including one-megaton bomb that was lost during the
3236:
1911:
which also connects with another ridge (south of North America) which overlooks the
795:
as a result of tiny coral islands strung in a ring within surroundings of a central
9406:
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5404:
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4533:"Deepest Submarine Dive in History, Five Deeps Expedition Conquers Challenger Deep"
4412:
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seawater, in the poleward areas to about 30 °C (86 °F) near the equator.
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Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory – Hurricane Research Division
4969:
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1154:
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1814:
1787:
1737:
1653:
1626:
1511:
1507:
1342:
1318:
1299:
1259:
1030:
1021:
At around 1300 to 1200 BCE, a branch of the Austronesian migrations known as the
745:
571:
441:
406:
335:
6583:
6514:
6029:
5167:
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1345:, made the first completely documented European landing in Australia (1606), in
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9182:
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9145:
9085:
8849:
8741:
8719:
8709:
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8423:
8418:
8403:
8398:
8325:
8271:
8223:
8194:
8100:
8090:
7812:
7308:
Santibañez, Rafael (1969). "El Canal Beagle y la delimitación de los océanos".
7145:
6509:, Springer Climate, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 251–273,
4915:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
4424:
4400:
4238:
4166:
4154:
4070:
4064:
4058:
4028:
3734:
3710:
3668:
in agriculture. The excess of oxygen-depleting chemicals in the water leads to
3608:
3434:
of the Central Pacific Basin from the partially submerged continental areas of
3363:
2799:
2771:
2400:
1989:
1927:
1865:
1806:
1802:
1772:
1705:
1599:
1562:
1527:
1477:
1275:
1150:
1022:
990:
966:
954:
837:
703:
685:
601:
595:
589:
553:
461:
453:
445:
437:
410:
338:) subdivides it into two largely independent volumes of water that meet at the
296:
228:
218:
6903:
Pan, Zhong; Liu, Qianlong; Sun, Yan; Sun, Xiuwu; Lin, Hui (1 September 2019).
6502:
5971:
4751:
1586:
In Oceania, France obtained a leading position as imperial power after making
1377:
The 18th century marked the beginning of major exploration by the Russians in
9396:
9385:
9344:
9213:
9205:
8909:
8859:
8751:
8746:
8736:
8586:
8549:
8457:
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8354:
8259:
7589:
The Greatest Depths: Probing the Seas to 20,000 feet (6,100 m) and Below
7063:
6936:
6476:
5151:
Producing the Pacific: Maps and Narratives of Spanish Exploration (1567–1606)
4808:
4759:
4571:
4492:
Administration, US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric.
4383:
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1042:
721:
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379:
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246:
193:
83:
70:
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6829:
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3999:
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9248:
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9157:
8867:
8839:
8594:
8332:
8266:
8235:
8184:
8056:
7985:
7922:
7912:
7319:
7253:"El Arco de Scotia, separación natural de los océanos Pacífico y Atlántico"
7079:"Marshall Islands marks 71 years since start of US nuclear tests on Bikini"
6944:
6848:
5075:
4954:
4862:
4816:
4136:
4076:
3730:
3477:
3459:
3431:
3359:
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2892:
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2813:
2729:
2094:
1858:
1842:
1810:
1394:
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separating two distinct oceans. South America was generally considered the
1074:
1014:
872:
679:
613:
485:
449:
433:
422:
418:
391:
292:
233:
223:
179:
7780:
Stillman, Amy Ku'uleialoha. "Pacific-ing Asian Pacific American History",
7098:"Bikinians evacuated 'for good of mankind' endure lengthy nuclear fallout"
5281:
5260:
4799:
4782:
9304:
9263:
9194:
8899:
8788:
8731:
8659:
8609:
8496:
8472:
8361:
8199:
8117:
8095:
8071:
7917:
7907:
6965:
6805:"Predicting overfishing and extinction threats in multispecies fisheries"
4232:
4220:
4148:
4124:
4088:
4082:
4009:
3949:
3914:
3894:
3690:
3603:
3552:
3504:
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3248:
3240:
3162:
2869:
2572:
2493:
2428:
2360:
2134:
1931:
1923:
1794:
1776:
1614:
1550:
1371:
1350:
1255:
1220:
970:
911:
883:
844:
691:
667:
631:
619:
607:
565:
465:
426:
319:
315:
4270:
Theories of natural delimitation between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans
3785:
3717:
that he was holding, which would otherwise be discharged to the Pacific.
3499:
The Pacific Ocean was born 750 million years ago at the breakup of
3465:
The dissimilarity continues northeastward along the western edge of the
1957:
map of 1529 was the first to show the Pacific at about its proper size.
1853:
link the Pacific with the Atlantic Ocean on the east. To the north, the
1661:
918:, resulting in the modern peoples of Island Southeast Asia and Oceania.
425:, at 10,823 meters (35,509 feet). The third deepest point on Earth, the
366:, which allows it to be further divided into four quadrants, namely the
8834:
8803:
8629:
8624:
8288:
8249:
8211:
8129:
8002:
7887:
7882:
5817:
5677:
5456:
5416:
5061:
4334:
4244:
4142:
4100:
4052:
4046:
3665:
3512:
3488:
3354:
3328:
3324:
3291:
3193:
3181:
3146:
3041:
2939:
2904:
2611:
2108:
1939:
1904:
1826:
1822:
1733:
1713:
1697:
1670:
1555:
1534:
1426:
1410:
1181:
1054:
1006:
962:
895:
856:
751:
643:
583:
577:
469:
457:
351:
300:
7815:
7748:
Routledge, David. "Pacific history as seen from the Pacific Islands."
6189:
Pacific Neighbors: The Islands of Micronesia, Melanesia, and Polynesia
5997:
4371:
3705:
3280:
3276:
3229:
3225:
1111:
9281:
8940:
8914:
8844:
8822:
8815:
8599:
8376:
8310:
8206:
8029:
8012:
7897:
7892:
7866:
5844:
5761:
5571:
5058:
Indonesian Banda: Colonialism and its Aftermath in the Nutmeg Islands
4911:"Multiple migrations to the Philippines during the last 50,000 years"
4250:
4226:
4208:
4178:
4094:
4034:
4004:
3979:
3959:
3924:
3899:
3879:
3864:
3854:
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3599:
3591:
3548:
3481:
3205:
2974:
2943:
2912:
2908:
2546:
2373:
2241:
2227:
2201:
2003:
1907:) and merges with another ridge (south of South America) to form the
1798:
1685:
1678:
1674:
1496:
Map of the Pacific Ocean during European Exploration, circa 1702–1707
1406:
1360:
In the 16th and 17th centuries, Spain considered the Pacific Ocean a
1208:
1127:
1082:
1070:
998:
958:
933:
860:
848:
833:
792:
757:
715:
637:
625:
559:
473:
53:
7674:
5408:
3729:, designated by the United States, and played host to a total of 67
8808:
8413:
8349:
8320:
8230:
8189:
7997:
7977:
7857:
7469:
Ocean of Destiny: A Concise History of the North Pacific, 1500–1978
6862:"Pacific Ocean Threats & Impacts: Overfishing and Exploitation"
5104:
Macau, the Imaginary City: Culture and Society, 1557 to the Present
4202:
4196:
4190:
4130:
4112:
3974:
3934:
3884:
3869:
3834:
3829:
3524:
3137:
3111:
3074:
3018:
2932:
2896:
2598:
2294:
2267:
2214:
2081:
2029:
1818:
1729:
1725:
1717:
1594:
protectorates in 1842 and 1853, respectively. After navy visits to
1354:
1283:
1211:, the expedition found calm waters. The ocean was often called the
1123:
1094:
1090:
1066:
1002:
879:
780:
739:
733:
727:
673:
649:
387:
308:
7442:
The Great Ocean: Pacific Worlds from Captain Cook to the Gold Rush
6278:
4780:
1602:
negotiated the incorporation of the island into Chile with native
1405:
in southern Canada, and Alaska. The French explored and colonized
1168:
The eastern side of the ocean was encountered by Spanish explorer
169:
8780:
8518:
8408:
8366:
8254:
8066:
8061:
7990:
7736:
The Ivory Tower and Beyond: Participant Historians of the Pacific
7314:(in Spanish). Santiago: Editorial Andrés Bello. pp. 95–109.
7232:
Juan Ignacio Ipinza Mayor; Cedomir Marangunic Damianovic (2021).
5313:
5311:
4699:"Pre-Austronesian Origins of Seafaring in Insular Southeast Asia"
3989:
3969:
3939:
3904:
3889:
3839:
3686:
3583:
3575:
3500:
3312:
3287:
3054:
2986:
2959:
2690:
2677:
2637:
2121:
1943:
1935:
1603:
1465:
Map of the Pacific Ocean during European Exploration, circa 1754.
1330:
1303:
1034:
1010:
784:
535:
399:
339:
6747:
Looking into the Earth: An Introduction to Geological Geophysics
6275:"PWLF.org – The Pacific WildLife Foundation – The Pacific Ocean"
5547:"A Physical, Historical, Political, & Descriptive Geography"
3123:
1696:
Extending approximately 15,500 km (9,600 mi) from the
9286:
8390:
8344:
8051:
8038:
7285:
El delirio armado: Argentina-Chile, la guerra que evitó el Papa
7196:
4310:
List of rivers of the Americas by coastline#Pacific Ocean coast
4021:
3984:
3929:
3919:
3859:
3849:
3746:
discharge of radioactive water from the Fukushima nuclear plant
3645:
3579:
3508:
3487:
The Pacific Ocean is the only ocean which is mostly bounded by
3435:
3383:
3272:
3165:, turns north near the Philippines to become the warm Japan or
2982:
2978:
2651:
2585:
2520:
2454:
2320:
2042:
2016:
1780:
1701:
1689:
1637:
1587:
1542:
1484:(1589). One of the first printed maps to show the Pacific Ocean
1414:
1378:
1287:
1279:
1086:
1078:
907:
796:
7712:
Studies in Pacific History: Economics, Politics, and Migration
7018:
7016:
6462:
American Meteorological Society. Retrieved on 16 January 2009.
6343:"Wind Driven Surface Currents: Equatorial Currents Background"
5308:
4701:. In Acri, Andrea; Blench, Roger; Landmann, Alexandra (eds.).
3307:, which are the northwestern Pacific and the eastern Pacific.
2915:. Micronesia, which lies north of the equator and west of the
1617:; however, by the end of that war, Japan was defeated and the
1453:
map was the first to show the Pacific at about its proper size
405:
The Pacific Ocean's mean depth is 4,000 meters (13,000 feet).
9137:
9032:
8576:
7874:
7858:
7158:
3994:
3944:
3844:
3556:
3466:
3428:
2994:
2990:
2624:
2533:
2441:
2333:
2280:
2254:
2068:
2055:
1720:), the Pacific reaches its greatest east–west width at about
1050:
1046:
982:
788:
334:, are in the Pacific Ocean. Ocean circulation (caused by the
206:
7490:
4550:"CONFIRMED: Horizon Deep Second Deepest Point on the Planet"
3633:
Pacific Ocean currents have created three islands of debris.
496:
in 1513 and sighted the great "Southern Sea" which he named
8171:
7808:
NOAA PMEL Argo profiling floats Realtime Pacific Ocean data
7710:
Flynn, Dennis O., Arturo Giráldez, and James Sobredo, eds.
7146:"Fukushima: Japan approves releasing wastewater into ocean"
7013:
6886:
Marine Debris Division – Office of Response and Restoration
4703:
Spirits and Ships: Cultural Transfers in Early Monsoon Asia
4278:
Map showing the proposal presented by the thesis entitled "
3595:
3571:
3192:, flowing west along the equator, swings southward east of
3184:. Its southern arm becomes the chilled slow, south-flowing
3176:, the Kuroshio forks and some water moves northward as the
2981:
in the north to New Zealand in the south, also encompasses
2963:
2480:
2386:
2187:
2160:
1610:
1267:
1263:
1227:
led the remains of the expedition back to Spain across the
1216:
1038:
825:
822:
354:). The Pacific Ocean can also be informally divided by the
304:
7460:
Coming Full Circle: An Economic History of the Pacific Rim
6051:
Ishihara, Masahide; Hoshino, Eiichi; Fujita, Yoko (2016).
5371:
Primary Australian History: Book F [B6] Ages 10–11
4737:
7662:
Davidson, James Wightman. "Problems of Pacific history."
7554:
The Sea and Civilization: A Maritime History of the World
7150:
6418:
5681:
3374:
1157:'s expedition to southern China in 1513, both ordered by
986:
6966:
Plastic waste in the North Pacific is an ongoing concern
6424:"ENSO: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions"
1930:
batter the islands of the Pacific. The lands around the
1621:
was the virtual master of the ocean. The Japanese-ruled
1337:
between Australia and New Guinea, named after navigator
7763:
Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing vol 2
7050:
7025:"Photos: Giant Ocean-Trash Vortex Documented – A First"
6723:"GEOL 102 The Proterozoic Eon II: Rodinia and Pannotia"
6477:"Frequently Asked Questions: When is hurricane season?"
5909:
1771:. The lowest known point on Earth – the
1130:
and shows the name "America" for the first time, after
7538:(3rd ed.). Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
7167:"Radioactive Water Leaks from Fukushima: What We Know"
6641:
Trent, D. D.; Hazlett, Richard; Bierman, Paul (2010).
3256:
during the winter months due to the preferred flow of
534:
The Pacific Ocean, photograph taken from space by the
7727:
Korhonen, Pekka. "The Pacific Age in World History",
7580:
British imperial strategies in the Pacific, 1750–1900
6871:, Center for Ocean Solutions. Retrieved 14 June 2013.
6050:
5096:
4832:
4360:
4037: : 4,791,000 km (1,850,000 sq mi)
4031: : 5,695,000 km (2,199,000 sq mi)
3756:
from 2011 to 2013, according to the Fukushima plant.
1219:
in March 1521. Although Magellan himself died in the
7404:
Development and Social Change in the Pacific Islands
7128:"U.S. discloses accidents involving nuclear weapons"
6092:. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University. p. 60.
5064:: Yayasan Warisan dan Budaya Banda Naira. p. 7.
3559:
are harvested along the coasts of Australia, Japan,
1969:
An exclusive economic zone (EEZ) map of the Pacific
525:
303:) in the south, and is bounded by the continents of
6688:
6640:
6613:
6206:
6084:
Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council
5275:
4886:
Examining the farming/language dispersal hypothesis
4705:. ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute. pp. 325–440.
4618:
4067: : 1,533,000 km (592,000 sq mi)
4061: : 1,583,000 km (611,000 sq mi)
4055: : 2,000,000 km (770,000 sq mi)
4049: : 2,300,000 km (890,000 sq mi)
2716:Territories with no permanent civilian population.
1097:, although evidence for this remains inconclusive.
7657:Voyages and Beaches: Pacific Encounters, 1769–1840
7287:(in Spanish). Editorial Sudamericana. p. 48.
6996:
6582:
6500:
6179:
5661:
5395:Lytle Schurz, William (1922), "The Spanish Lake",
5283:
3303:are active. The Pacific hosts the two most active
1899:crossing from south of Australia turning into the
1775: – lies 10,911 m (35,797
878:The descendants of these migrations today are the
19:Several terms redirect here. For other uses, see
7685:. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). pp. 434–441.
6213:Gillespie, Rosemary G.; Clague, David A. (2009).
6125:
6022:"This ocean has most of the islands in the world"
5623:
5317:
4828:
4826:
4664:. University of Alabama Press. pp. 168–171.
4473:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
4258:
4133: : 260,000 km (100,000 sq mi)
4127: : 280,000 km (110,000 sq mi)
4121: : 300,000 km (120,000 sq mi)
4115: : 320,000 km (120,000 sq mi)
4109: : 320,000 km (120,000 sq mi)
4103: : 380,000 km (150,000 sq mi)
4097: : 470,000 km (180,000 sq mi)
4091: : 650,000 km (250,000 sq mi)
4085: : 720,000 km (280,000 sq mi)
4079: : 978,000 km (378,000 sq mi)
3319:, where they occasionally impact island nations.
989:by 1000 BCE. They were the first humans to reach
131:710,000,000 km (170,000,000 cu mi)
9383:
7717:Gulliver, Katrina. "Finding the Pacific world."
7125:
6661:
6634:
5818:International Hydrographic Organization (1953).
5811:
5611:Chile and the United States: Empires in Conflict
5241:The rise of Portuguese power in India, 1497–1550
5031:Easter Island: Archaeology, Ecology and Culture.
4169: : 126,250 km (48,750 sq mi)
4163: : 160,000 km (62,000 sq mi)
4157: : 200,000 km (77,000 sq mi)
4151: : 200,000 km (77,000 sq mi)
4145: : 240,000 km (93,000 sq mi)
4139: : 250,400 km (96,700 sq mi)
1266:across the Pacific Ocean to the Philippines via
1247:. In 1542–43 the Portuguese also reached Japan.
1199:that would eventually result in the first world
791:that have over intervals of time been formed by
512:
107:165,250,000 km (63,800,000 sq mi)
61:
7250:
6809:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
6737:
6694:
6481:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
6431:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
6219:. University of California Press. p. 706.
6212:
6162:Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Asia and Oceania
6080:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
5633:Asian American Psychology: Current Perspectives
4294:the former being more current than the latter.
4205: : 35,000 km (14,000 sq mi)
4199: : 45,000 km (17,000 sq mi)
4193: : 58,000 km (22,000 sq mi)
4187: : 70,400 km (27,200 sq mi)
4181: : 78,000 km (30,000 sq mi)
4175: : 95,000 km (37,000 sq mi)
4043:: 3,500,000 km (1,400,000 sq mi)
3752:was estimated to be between 20 and 40 trillion
1657:The island geography of the Pacific Ocean Basin
1641:Sunset over the Pacific Ocean as seen from the
1278:operated for two and a half centuries, linking
16:Ocean between Asia, Australia, and the Americas
7698:Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography
6185:
6054:Self-determinable Development of Small Islands
5592:
5590:
5033:Washington D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press
4823:
4217: : 23,203 km (8,959 sq mi)
3818:List of ports and harbors of the Pacific Ocean
3362:; the Pacific is ringed by many volcanoes and
3208:and the other turns north to form the Peru or
1393:, led by the Danish-born Russian navy officer
977:they crossed the western Pacific to reach the
943:. Austronesians originated from the island of
7843:
7818:data Realtime Pacific Ocean El Niño buoy data
7491:Napier, W.; Gilbert, J.; Holland, J. (1973).
7384:Lost Paradise: The Exploration of the Pacific
7138:
5629:
5181:, Oceanário de Lisboa. Retrieved 9 June 2013.
5168:https://www.guampedia.com/ferdinand-magellan/
4696:
4073:: 1,249,000 km (482,000 sq mi)
3263:In the tropical and subtropical Pacific, the
1609:Although the United States gained control of
497:
264:
198:Map with five-oceans (approximate boundaries)
7458:Jones, Eric, Lionel Frost, and Colin White.
7360:Blue Horizons: Paradise Isles of the Pacific
6902:
6715:
6293:
5480:"Charles Darwin's Travels on the HMS Beagle"
5432:Captain Cook: Explorations And Reassessments
5422:
5394:
5321:Pathfinders: A Global History of Exploration
4517:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
4022:List of seas, gulfs and bays by surface area
1526:before her record dive to the bottom of the
1122:, dated 1507, was the first map to show the
7796:EPIC Pacific Ocean Data Collection Viewable
7758:Samson, Jane. "Pacific/Oceanic History" in
7190:
6750:. Cambridge University Press. p. 332.
6743:
6607:
6465:
6306:. University Rochester Press. p. 255.
5866:
5702:
5613:, 1990 by the University of Georgia Press,
5587:
5286:A Reference Guide to Latin American History
4961:
4253: : 1,500 km (580 sq mi)
4247: : 2,000 km (770 sq mi)
3243:at global peak intensity on 12 October 1979
287:is the largest and deepest of Earth's five
7850:
7836:
7766:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 901–902.
7759:
7741:"Recent Literature in Discovery History."
7307:
7282:
6698:Vegetation of the Tropical Pacific Islands
6667:
6138:. University of Hawaii Press. p. 63.
6131:
5937:
5903:
4877:
4690:
4643:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
4621:The Oxford handbook of prehistoric Oceania
4575:
4491:
3776:
3480:is the world's foremost belt of explosive
2942:, the world's second largest island after
2711:
1704:to the northern extent of the circumpolar
1409:, and the British made three voyages with
914:, but also earlier groups associated with
271:
257:
192:
178:
168:
7634:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
6838:
6828:
6744:Mussett, Alan E.; Khan, M. Aftab (2000).
6674:. University of Hawaii Press. p. 4.
6507:Climate Change and Impacts in the Pacific
6111:. Grolier Incorporated. 1997. p. 8.
5873:. Goodwill Trading Co., Inc. p. 25.
5843:
5784:
5596:Bernard Eccleston, Michael Dawson. 1998.
5570:
5172:
4944:
4934:
4798:
3733:conducted across various atolls. Several
2877:
1172:in 1513 after his expedition crossed the
429:, is also located in the Mariana Trench.
7798:on-line collection of observational data
7347:Oceanographic Atlas of the Pacific Ocean
7197:Jochen Halfar, Rodney M. Fujita (2007).
7022:
6803:Burgess, Matthew G (16 September 2013).
6668:Lal, Brij Vilash; Fortune, Kate (2000).
6299:
6186:Dunford, Betty; Ridgell, Reilly (1996).
6152:
6132:Lal, Brij Vilash; Fortune, Kate (2000).
5630:Tewari, Nita; Alvarez, Alvin N. (2008).
5544:
5428:
5374:. R.I.C. Publications. 2008. p. 6.
5348:J.P. Sigmond and L.H. Zuiderbaan (1979)
5237:
5231:
5220:
4598:"The Marginal Seas Of The Pacific Ocean"
4273:
3704:
3636:
3628:
3523:The Pacific Ocean contains several long
3515:old, with older crust subducted by now.
3416:; he called it Maris Pacifici following
3396:
3373:
3353:
3235:
3219:
3122:
3118:
2887:
1964:
1660:
1652:
1636:
1533:
1515:
1110:
920:
816:
550:– 9.080 million km (includes other seas)
529:
173:
7669:
7629:
7559:
7420:
7380:
7344:
7041:
6802:
5708:
5397:The Hispanic American Historical Review
5225:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 52–56.
5055:
4992:
4967:
4651:
4211:29,000 km (11,000 sq mi)
1918:For most of Magellan's voyage from the
1895:The Southern Pacific Ocean harbors the
1598:in 1875 and 1887, Chilean navy officer
1100:
556:– 5.695 million km (largest single sea)
174:Earth's ocean, showing common divisions
9384:
7738:(Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2009).
7564:(2nd ed.). Honolulu: Bess Press.
7533:
7401:
7110:
6793:, 6th edition. Retrieved 14 June 2013.
6787:"Pacific Ocean: Commerce and Shipping"
6580:
6561:
6345:, Ocean Motion. Retrieved 9 June 2013.
6101:
6099:
5943:
5534:. Cosmopolitan printing Company. 1874.
5324:. W.W. Norton & Company. pp.
5129:. Library of Alexandria. p. 129.
5074:
4908:
4883:
4235:11,850 km (4,580 sq mi)
4223:22,400 km (8,600 sq mi)
3822:
3503:, although it is generally called the
2938:Melanesia, to the southwest, includes
1960:
1665:The three major cultural areas of the
7831:
7606:
7585:
7465:
7444:. New York: Oxford University Press.
7439:
7111:Thaler, Andrew David (26 July 2018).
7095:
7027:. National Geographic. Archived from
6589:. W.W. Norton & Company. p.
6303:Encyclopedia of Environmental Science
5860:
5790:
5772:from the original on 25 February 2014
5603:
5388:
5244:. Westminster: A. Constable. p.
5200:. Kessinger Publishing. p. 168.
4445:
4443:
4441:
3715:Fukushima's treated radioactive water
3494:
3286:In the tropical western Pacific, the
1176:and reached a new ocean. He named it
902:later intermarried with the incoming
7804:plot and download ocean observations
7509:
7474:University of British Columbia Press
7056:
7023:Handwerk, Brian (4 September 2009).
6791:The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia
6671:The Pacific Islands: An Encyclopedia
6165:. Infobase Publishing. p. 521.
6158:
6135:The Pacific Islands: An Encyclopedia
5509:www.interactiveoceans.washington.edu
5122:
5116:
4909:Larena, Maximilian (22 March 2021).
4657:
4586:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
4265:List of islands in the Pacific Ocean
3780:
1971:which excludes non-tropical islands.
1413:to the South Pacific and Australia,
1399:expeditions to the Pacific Northwest
7822:NOAA Ocean Surface Current Analyses
7251:Barros González, Guillermo (1987).
7164:
6892:from the original on 17 April 2014.
6096:
4998:
4460:2008: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
4241:2,400 km (930 sq mi)
3750:leakage of tritium into the Pacific
3695:Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite
3037:, Hawaii, and the Solomon Islands.
802:
432:The western Pacific has many major
13:
7337:
7311:Los derechos de Chile en el Beagle
5995:
5666:Tooltip Public Law (United States)
5318:Fernandez-Armesto, Felipe (2006).
5238:Whiteway, Richard Stephen (1899).
5082:. London: Sceptre. pp. 5, 7.
5011:from the original on 13 April 2019
4576:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "
4438:
3759:
3518:
1501:
932:A later seaborne migration is the
307:and Australia in the west and the
14:
9433:
7789:
7782:Journal of Asian American Studies
7649:
7009:from the original on 24 May 2022.
6647:. Cengage Learning. p. 133.
6019:
5477:
5352:.Rigby Ltd, Australia. pp. 19–30
5263:. Steven's Balagan. 25 April 2006
5190:
4719:from the original on 26 July 2020
4678:from the original on 26 July 2020
4305:Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
1005:by 1500 BCE, and further west to
925:Map showing the migration of the
526:Largest seas in the Pacific Ocean
299:(or, depending on definition, to
9358:
9357:
8690:West South Central United States
7301:
7276:
7244:
7225:
7179:
7126:Richard Halloran (26 May 1981).
7119:
7104:
7089:
7071:
6695:Mueller-Dombois, Dieter (1998).
6451:Glossary of Meteorology (2009).
5894:"Pacific Ocean: The trade winds"
5179:"Life in the sea: Pacific Ocean"
4565:
4418:
4406:
4394:
4382:
4370:
3784:
3739:1965 Philippine Sea A-4 incident
3713:declined to drink the bottle of
3700:
3625:Environmental impact of shipping
3442:, along the eastern edge of the
3100:
3085:
3066:
2862:
2848:
2834:
2820:
2806:
2792:
2778:
2764:
2750:
2736:
2722:
2696:
2683:
2670:
2657:
2644:
2630:
2617:
2604:
2591:
2578:
2565:
2552:
2539:
2526:
2513:
2499:
2486:
2473:
2460:
2447:
2434:
2421:
2407:
2393:
2379:
2366:
2353:
2339:
2326:
2313:
2300:
2287:
2273:
2260:
2247:
2234:
2220:
2207:
2194:
2180:
2166:
2153:
2140:
2127:
2114:
2101:
2087:
2074:
2061:
2048:
2035:
2022:
2009:
1996:
1982:
1712:(older definitions extend it to
1489:
1470:
1458:
1442:
52:
8905:Latin America and the Caribbean
8771:Latin America and the Caribbean
7035:
6989:
6971:
6959:
6929:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.06.031
6896:
6874:
6855:
6796:
6780:
6764:
6574:
6545:
6494:
6445:
6412:
6396:
6380:
6364:
6348:
6336:
6320:
6267:
6249:
6233:
6071:
6044:
6013:
5989:
5964:
5887:
5754:
5729:
5712:Encyclopedia of the Arctic: A–F
5686:
5650:
5538:
5522:
5497:
5471:
5449:
5362:
5342:
5252:
5214:
5184:
5156:
5143:
5123:Ober, Frederick Albion (2010).
5068:
5049:
5036:
5023:
4902:
4774:
4731:
4600:. World Atlas. 23 November 2018
4494:"How big is the Pacific Ocean?"
4288:by the Shackleton Fracture Zone
3533:Hawaiian–Emperor seamount chain
3149:) and counter-clockwise in the
2931:to the east and the islands of
1888:, near the Americas) is in the
775:Across the continents of Asia,
332:oceanic pole of inaccessibility
7802:NOAA In-situ Ocean Data Viewer
7705:New England and the South Seas
7592:. Philadelphia: Macrae Smith.
7495:. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.
7387:. Topsfield, MA: Salem House.
7165:Hsu, Jeremy (13 August 2013).
7046:(in German). Berlin: Springer.
7042:Gerlach, Sebastian A. (1975).
6725:. Geol.umd.edu. 5 January 2010
6558:, CIA. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
6108:Academic American encyclopedia
5947:Tsunami: The Underrated Hazard
5693:"Area of Earth's Land Surface"
5505:"The Voyage of HMS Challenger"
5435:. Boydell Press. p. 143.
5350:Dutch Discoveries of Australia
5044:The Journal of Pacific History
4612:
4590:
4559:
4542:
4525:
4485:
4463:
4259:List of islands in the Pacific
4229:12,000 km (7,500 mi)
3614:
3412:The ocean was first mapped by
2283:* (People's Republic of China)
2230:* (People's Republic of China)
2148:Federated States of Micronesia
1857:connects the Pacific with the
548:Australasian Mediterranean Sea
123:10,911 m (35,797 ft)
29:South Pacific (disambiguation)
25:North Pacific (disambiguation)
1:
9412:Oceans surrounding Antarctica
7613:University of Minnesota Press
7096:Lewis, Renee (28 July 2015).
6882:"Great Pacific Garbage Patch"
4431:
3366:. This map does not show the
3202:Antarctic Circumpolar Current
1864:As the Pacific straddles the
1431:Louis Antoine de Bougainville
1333:archipelagos, and sailed the
947:
770:
518:, which in Portuguese means '
115:4,280 m (14,040 ft)
8372:Middle East and North Africa
8077:Middle East and North Africa
7345:Barkley, Richard A. (1968).
7059:"原発の処理水、菅首相「飲んでもいい?」 東電の説明は"
6614:Turnbull, Alexander (2006).
6263:. ABC Radio Australia. 2005.
5972:"The Map That Named America"
5735:
5056:Hannard, Willard A. (1991).
5029:Van Tilburg, Jo Anne. 1994.
3711:Japanese Prime Minister Suga
3346:Geology of the Pacific Ocean
3265:El Niño Southern Oscillation
3053:(formerly Ocean Island) and
1841:) joins the Pacific and the
1632:
1539:Abel Aubert du Petit-Thouars
1203:. Magellan called the ocean
1018:place already in 15000 BCE.
538:spacecraft in September 2023
479:
37:Pacific/Chocó natural region
7:
7582:(Ashgate Publishing, 2003).
7534:Oliver, Douglas L. (1989).
7364:National Geographic Society
7199:"Danger of Deep-Sea Mining"
6644:Geology and the Environment
6515:10.1007/978-3-030-32878-8_6
6192:. Bess Press. p. 125.
5820:"Limits of Oceans and Seas"
5741:Research India Publications
5715:. Routledge. p. 1461.
4297:
3655:Great Pacific garbage patch
3621:Great Pacific garbage patch
3406:Skamania County, Washington
3283:is considered in progress.
3129:Monterey County, California
1688:region in the South to the
1643:International Space Station
1223:in 1521, Spanish navigator
1045:. From there, they settled
214:Main five oceans division:
10:
9438:
8665:Northeastern United States
7664:Journal of Pacific History
7659:(U of Hawai'i Press, 1999)
7655:Calder, Alex, et al. eds.
7402:Couper, A.D., ed. (1989).
7351:University of Hawaii Press
7283:Passarelli, Bruno (1998).
6771:"Pacific Ocean: Fisheries"
6387:"South Equatorial Current"
6300:Mongillo, John F. (2000).
6020:K, Harsh (19 March 2017).
5636:. CRC Press. p. 161.
5429:Williams, Glyndwr (2004).
5221:Kratoska, Paul H. (2001).
5102:Porter, Jonathan. (1996).
4262:
3815:
3618:
3566:
3542:
3343:
3339:
3215:
3172:Turning eastward at about
2881:
2069:People's Republic of China
1579:(1873–76); and the German
1505:
1387:First Kamchatka expedition
1323:Pedro Fernandes de Queirós
1107:Exploration of the Pacific
1104:
809:Peopling of Southeast Asia
806:
765:
18:
9353:
9295:
9272:
9239:
9203:
9136:
9030:
8938:
8929:
8858:
8779:
8585:
8389:
8170:
8128:
8037:
8028:
7976:
7933:
7873:
7510:Nunn, Patrick D. (1998).
7466:Lower, J. Arthur (1978).
7423:Charting the Vast Pacific
7115:. Southern Fried Science.
6909:Marine Pollution Bulletin
6777:. Retrieved 12 June 2013.
6420:Climate Prediction Center
6409:. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
6327:"Pacific Ocean: Salinity"
6246:. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
6159:West, Barbara A. (2009).
6057:. Springer. p. 180.
5149:Camino, Mercedes Maroto.
4974:. Avalon Travel. p.
4752:10.1017/S0003598X00047992
4658:Jett, Stephen C. (2017).
4340:Trans-Pacific Partnership
1829:(West Sea of Korea). The
1417:, and the North American
1391:Great Northern Expedition
1357:and New Zealand in 1642.
151:
139:
135:
127:
119:
111:
103:
99:
60:
51:
46:
9146:Antarctic/Southern Ocean
8150:Transantarctic Mountains
7760:Kelly Boyd, ed. (1999).
7729:Journal of World History
7719:Journal of World History
7691:Journal of World History
7560:Ridgell, Reilly (1988).
7057:大月規義 (3 November 2020).
6701:. Springer. p. 13.
6571:Retrieved on 8 May 2008.
6403:"Pacific Ocean: Islands"
6393:. Retrieved 9 June 2013.
6377:. Retrieved 9 June 2013.
6361:. Retrieved 9 June 2013.
6333:. Retrieved 9 June 2013.
5950:. Springer. p. 26.
5900:. Retrieved 9 June 2013.
5699:. Retrieved 9 June 2013.
5598:The Asia-Pacific Profile
5545:Johnston, Keith (1881).
4787:Human Molecular Genetics
3368:Cascadia Subduction Zone
3190:South Equatorial Current
3157:, driven westward along
3155:North Equatorial Current
3057:in the Tuamotu group of
2415:Northern Mariana Islands
1623:Northern Mariana Islands
1317:Later, in the quest for
1116:Universalis Cosmographia
981:by 1500 BCE, as well as
186:thermohaline circulation
33:Pacific (disambiguation)
8895:Caribbean South America
7682:Encyclopædia Britannica
7609:Paradise Found and Lost
7586:Soule, Gardner (1970).
7215:10.1126/science.1138289
6830:10.1073/pnas.1314472110
6775:Encyclopædia Britannica
6581:Walker, Stuart (1998).
6407:Encyclopædia Britannica
6391:Encyclopædia Britannica
6375:Encyclopædia Britannica
6359:Encyclopædia Britannica
6331:Encyclopædia Britannica
6244:Encyclopædia Britannica
6216:Encyclopedia of Islands
5944:Bryant, Edward (2008).
5911:Shirley Rousseau Murphy
5898:Encyclopædia Britannica
5797:. Capstone. p. 9.
5290:. M.E. Sharpe. p.
4968:Stanley, David (2004).
4936:10.1073/pnas.2026132118
4855:10.1126/science.1166858
3777:Major ports and harbors
3727:Pacific Proving Grounds
3305:tropical cyclone basins
3301:tropical cyclone basins
3299:month in which all the
3269:sea surface temperature
3013:in the center, and the
2917:International Date Line
2712:Uninhabited territories
1901:Pacific-Antarctic Ridge
1876:, near Asia) is in the
1270:, and establishing the
1252:Miguel López de Legazpi
1180:("Sea of the South" or
995:Maritime Southeast Asia
892:maritime Southeast Asia
890:. Their populations in
853:Mainland Southeast Asia
356:International Date Line
8675:Southern United States
8478:Scandinavian Peninsula
7630:Terrell, John (1986).
7607:Spate, O.H.K. (1988).
7462:(Westview Press, 1993)
7421:Gilbert, John (1971).
6888:. NOAA. 11 July 2013.
6569:Air pressure and wind.
5709:Nuttall, Mark (2005).
5046:, Vol. 36, No. 1, 2001
4697:Mahdi, Waruno (2017).
4498:oceanexplorer.noaa.gov
4283:
3718:
3672:and the creation of a
3649:
3634:
3409:
3394:
3371:
3334:extratropical cyclones
3244:
3233:
3196:, turns east at about
3132:
2923:in the northwest, the
2899:
2878:Landmasses and islands
1973:
1938:and often affected by
1897:Southeast Indian Ridge
1786:Due to the effects of
1681:
1658:
1650:
1572:during the 1870s; the
1546:
1531:
1314:in the South Pacific.
1134:
973:. From, probably, the
937:Austronesian expansion
929:
916:Austroasiatic-speakers
888:Indigenous Australians
840:
539:
513:
498:
291:. It extends from the
9151:Antarctic Convergence
8695:Western United States
7721:22#1 (2011): 83–100.
7676:"Pacific Ocean"
7671:Dickson, Henry Newton
7440:Igler, David (2013).
7406:. London: Routledge.
7381:Cameron, Ian (1987).
6867:May 12, 2013, at the
6620:. Godwit. p. 8.
6458:22 March 2008 at the
5261:"Portuguese in Japan"
5126:Vasco Nuñez de Balboa
4583:Catholic Encyclopedia
4471:"The Coriolis Effect"
4277:
3708:
3640:
3632:
3507:until the breakup of
3400:
3377:
3357:
3239:
3223:
3126:
3119:Water characteristics
3073:Ladrilleros Beach in
2891:
1968:
1667:Pacific Ocean islands
1664:
1656:
1640:
1537:
1519:
1225:Juan Sebastián Elcano
1170:Vasco Núñez de Balboa
1159:Afonso de Albuquerque
1114:
924:
832:with a double-canoe (
820:
568:– 3.6 million km
533:
490:Vasco Núñez de Balboa
350:(or more loosely the
244:Further subdivision:
8217:Greater Central Asia
7784:7#3 (2004): 241–270.
7031:on 19 November 2010.
6261:Charting the Pacific
5867:Agno, Lydia (1998).
5791:Young, Greg (2009).
5697:The Physics Factbook
5600:. Routledge. p. 250.
3531:. These include the
3458:, and New Zealand's
3079:Chocó natural region
2948:Bismarck Archipelago
1951:Martin Waldseemüller
1435:Malaspina Expedition
1423:Pierre-Antoine Véron
1351:Abel Janszoon Tasman
1254:, and colonized the
1153:, in 1512, and with
1147:Lesser Sunda Islands
1118:, also known as the
1101:European exploration
1027:Bismarck Archipelago
975:Bismarck Archipelago
941:Austronesian peoples
927:Austronesian peoples
813:Austronesian peoples
295:in the north to the
9363:Continents of Earth
8890:Brazilian Highlands
8299:Indian subcontinent
8160:Antarctic Peninsula
7958:Southern Hemisphere
7953:Northern Hemisphere
7707:(Harvard UP, 1965).
7536:The Pacific Islands
7172:Scientific American
6921:2019MarPB.146..215P
6821:2013PNAS..11015943B
6815:(40): 15943–15948.
6433:. pp. 5, 19–20
5836:1953Natur.172R.484.
5766:Bucknell University
5563:1880Natur..22Q..95.
5484:Scientific American
5162:Guampedia entry on
4927:2021PNAS..11826132L
4921:(13): e2026132118.
4847:2009Sci...323..479G
4800:10.1093/hmg/ddab018
4119:Gulf of Carpentaria
3823:List of major ports
3721:From 1946 to 1958,
3555:are extracted, and
3444:Kamchatka Peninsula
3317:South Pacific basin
3151:Southern Hemisphere
3143:Northern Hemisphere
3092:Tahuna maru islet,
2927:in the center, the
1961:Bordering countries
1755: /
1561:in the 1830s, with
1545:on 9 September 1842
1372:Spanish Philippines
1347:Cape York Peninsula
1272:Spanish East Indies
1187:In 1520, navigator
871:by 32,000 B.P. and
855:, the Philippines,
830:Austronesian vessel
828:, an example of an
662:Gulf of Carpentaria
506:during the Spanish
488:, Spanish explorer
415:Southern Hemisphere
348:South Pacific Ocean
344:North Pacific Ocean
80: /
9178:Great Barrier Reef
8799:Mainland Australia
8507:Apennine Peninsula
7968:Western Hemisphere
7943:Eastern Hemisphere
7731:7#1 (1996): 41–70.
7693:3#1 (1992): 55–79.
7362:. Washington, DC:
7132:The New York Times
6371:"Aleutian Current"
5478:Marty, Christoph.
5164:Ferdinand Magellan
5106:. Westview Press.
5080:Nathaniel's Nutmeg
4578:Ferdinand Magellan
4456:Britannica Concise
4345:War of the Pacific
4284:
4161:Gulf of California
3796:. You can help by
3719:
3650:
3635:
3527:chains, formed by
3495:Geological history
3418:Ferdinand Magellan
3410:
3395:
3372:
3309:Pacific hurricanes
3245:
3234:
3186:California Current
3147:North Pacific gyre
3133:
3046:Great Barrier Reef
2977:, stretching from
2973:The largest area,
2935:in the southeast.
2900:
1974:
1920:Strait of Magellan
1913:Juan de Fuca Ridge
1890:Western Hemisphere
1878:Eastern Hemisphere
1851:Strait of Magellan
1682:
1659:
1651:
1619:U.S. Pacific Fleet
1547:
1532:
1449:Made in 1529, the
1397:. Spain also sent
1368:Strait of Magellan
1339:Luís Vaz de Torres
1193:Spanish expedition
1189:Ferdinand Magellan
1135:
930:
841:
698:Gulf of California
604:– 1.249 million km
598:– 1.533 million km
592:– 1.583 million km
562:– 4.791 million km
540:
504:Ferdinand Magellan
370:off the coasts of
328:Western Hemisphere
219:Antarctic/Southern
35:, and
9379:
9378:
9259:Mediterranean Rim
9132:
9131:
9071:Mediterranean Sea
8925:
8924:
8878:Amazon Rainforest
8705:Canadian Prairies
8670:Pacific Northwest
8531:Iberian Peninsula
8316:Arabian Peninsula
8143:Antarctic Plateau
7903:Three/Four Worlds
7773:978-1-884964-33-6
7743:Terrae Incognitae
7703:Dodge, Ernest S.
7666:1#1 (1966): 5–21.
7641:978-0-521-30604-1
7622:978-0-8166-1715-9
7599:978-0-8255-8350-6
7571:978-0-935848-50-2
7545:978-0-8248-1233-1
7526:978-982-02-0129-3
7502:978-0-385-04335-9
7483:978-0-7748-0101-0
7451:978-0-19-991495-1
7432:978-0-490-00226-5
7425:. London: Aldus.
7413:978-0-415-00917-1
7394:978-0-88162-275-1
7373:978-0-87044-544-6
7294:978-9-5007-1469-3
7261:Revista de Marina
7083:Radio New Zealand
7005:. 23 March 2018.
6757:978-0-521-78574-7
6708:978-0-387-98313-4
6681:978-0-8248-2265-1
6654:978-0-538-73755-5
6627:978-1-86962-126-1
6600:978-0-393-04555-0
6585:The sailor's wind
6524:978-3-030-32878-8
6313:978-1-57356-147-1
6226:978-0-520-25649-1
6199:978-1-57306-022-6
6172:978-1-4381-1913-7
6145:978-0-8248-2265-1
6118:978-0-7172-2068-7
6064:978-981-10-0132-1
5957:978-3-540-74274-6
5930:978-0-380-47191-1
5880:978-971-11-0165-7
5804:978-0-7565-4232-0
5762:"Plate Tectonics"
5722:978-1-57958-436-8
5643:978-1-84169-749-9
5442:978-1-84383-100-6
5381:978-1-74126-688-7
5335:978-0-393-06259-5
5301:978-1-56324-744-6
5207:978-0-7661-9022-1
5136:978-1-4655-7034-5
5089:978-0-340-69676-7
4985:978-1-56691-411-6
4841:(5913): 479–483.
4330:Pacific Time Zone
4292:by the Scotia Arc
3814:
3813:
3766:manganese nodules
3529:hotspot volcanism
3386:on the island of
3023:Mangareva Islands
3015:Marquesas Islands
3001:to the west, the
2758:Coral Sea Islands
2744:Clipperton Island
2704:Wallis and Futuna
1909:East Pacific Rise
1845:to the west, and
1835:Strait of Malacca
1831:Indonesian Seaway
1736:, just west from
1649:are also visible.
1530:, 23 January 1960
1419:Pacific Northwest
1325:, arrived at the
1312:Admiralty Islands
1233:Cape of Good Hope
1174:Isthmus of Panama
1120:Waldseemüller map
910:and the northern
706:– 126,250 km
700:– 160,000 km
694:– 200,000 km
688:– 200,000 km
682:– 250,400 km
676:– 260,000 km
670:– 280,000 km
664:– 300,000 km
658:– 320,000 km
652:– 320,000 km
646:– 380,000 km
640:– 610,000 km
634:– 650,000 km
628:– 695,000 km
622:– 720,000 km
616:– 978,000 km
610:– 1.14 million km
494:Isthmus of Panama
396:Southwest Pacific
384:Northwest Pacific
376:Southeast Pacific
368:Northeast Pacific
330:, as well as the
289:oceanic divisions
281:
280:
161:
160:
21:Pacific Northwest
9429:
9361:
9360:
9340:Global Southwest
9335:Global Southeast
9325:Global Northwest
9320:Global Northeast
9310:Global Heartland
9254:Indian Ocean Rim
8936:
8935:
8828:Island Melanesia
8519:Balkan Peninsula
8294:Himalayan states
8241:Russian Far East
8035:
8034:
7963:Water Hemisphere
7852:
7845:
7838:
7829:
7828:
7777:
7752:8#2 (1985): 81+
7714:(Ashgate, 2002).
7700:77#@ (1995): 75+
7686:
7678:
7645:
7626:
7603:
7575:
7552:Paine, Lincoln.
7549:
7530:
7506:
7487:
7455:
7436:
7417:
7398:
7377:
7354:
7331:
7330:
7328:
7326:
7305:
7299:
7298:
7280:
7274:
7273:
7271:
7269:
7257:
7248:
7242:
7241:
7229:
7223:
7222:
7221:on 21 June 2021.
7217:. Archived from
7194:
7188:
7183:
7177:
7176:
7162:
7156:
7155:
7154:. 13 April 2021.
7142:
7136:
7135:
7123:
7117:
7116:
7108:
7102:
7101:
7093:
7087:
7086:
7075:
7069:
7068:
7054:
7048:
7047:
7044:Marine Pollution
7039:
7033:
7032:
7020:
7011:
7010:
7000:
6993:
6987:
6986:
6985:. 23 March 2018.
6975:
6969:
6963:
6957:
6956:
6900:
6894:
6893:
6878:
6872:
6859:
6853:
6852:
6842:
6832:
6800:
6794:
6784:
6778:
6768:
6762:
6761:
6741:
6735:
6734:
6732:
6730:
6719:
6713:
6712:
6692:
6686:
6685:
6665:
6659:
6658:
6638:
6632:
6631:
6611:
6605:
6604:
6588:
6578:
6572:
6567:John P. Stimac.
6565:
6559:
6549:
6543:
6542:
6541:
6539:
6498:
6492:
6491:
6489:
6487:
6469:
6463:
6449:
6443:
6442:
6440:
6438:
6428:
6422:(30 June 2014).
6416:
6410:
6400:
6394:
6384:
6378:
6368:
6362:
6352:
6346:
6340:
6334:
6324:
6318:
6317:
6297:
6291:
6290:
6288:
6286:
6281:on 21 April 2012
6277:. Archived from
6271:
6265:
6264:
6253:
6247:
6237:
6231:
6230:
6210:
6204:
6203:
6183:
6177:
6176:
6156:
6150:
6149:
6129:
6123:
6122:
6103:
6094:
6093:
6075:
6069:
6068:
6048:
6042:
6041:
6039:
6037:
6032:on 2 August 2017
6028:. Archived from
6017:
6011:
6010:
6009:
6007:
5993:
5987:
5986:
5984:
5982:
5968:
5962:
5961:
5941:
5935:
5934:
5916:The Ring of Fire
5907:
5901:
5891:
5885:
5884:
5864:
5858:
5857:
5847:
5845:10.1038/172484b0
5815:
5809:
5808:
5788:
5782:
5781:
5779:
5777:
5758:
5752:
5751:
5749:
5747:
5733:
5727:
5726:
5706:
5700:
5690:
5684:
5683:
5667:
5663:
5654:
5648:
5647:
5627:
5621:
5607:
5601:
5594:
5585:
5584:
5574:
5572:10.1038/022095a0
5542:
5536:
5535:
5526:
5520:
5519:
5517:
5515:
5501:
5495:
5494:
5492:
5490:
5475:
5469:
5468:
5466:
5464:
5453:
5447:
5446:
5426:
5420:
5419:
5392:
5386:
5385:
5366:
5360:
5346:
5340:
5339:
5315:
5306:
5305:
5289:
5279:
5273:
5272:
5270:
5268:
5256:
5250:
5249:
5235:
5229:
5226:
5218:
5212:
5211:
5192:Galvano, Antonio
5188:
5182:
5176:
5170:
5160:
5154:
5147:
5141:
5140:
5120:
5114:
5100:
5094:
5093:
5072:
5066:
5065:
5053:
5047:
5040:
5034:
5027:
5021:
5020:
5018:
5016:
4996:
4990:
4989:
4965:
4959:
4958:
4948:
4938:
4906:
4900:
4899:
4881:
4875:
4874:
4830:
4821:
4820:
4802:
4778:
4772:
4771:
4746:(333): 898–910.
4735:
4729:
4728:
4726:
4724:
4694:
4688:
4687:
4685:
4683:
4655:
4649:
4648:
4642:
4634:
4616:
4610:
4609:
4607:
4605:
4594:
4588:
4587:
4569:
4568:
4563:
4557:
4556:
4554:
4546:
4540:
4539:
4537:
4529:
4523:
4522:
4516:
4508:
4506:
4504:
4489:
4483:
4482:
4480:
4478:
4467:
4461:
4447:
4423:
4422:
4411:
4410:
4409:
4399:
4398:
4397:
4387:
4386:
4375:
4374:
4366:
4325:Mikhail Tikhanov
4315:Pacific Alliance
4107:Gulf of Thailand
3875:Ho Chi Minh City
3809:
3806:
3788:
3781:
3723:Marshall Islands
3661:Marine pollution
3561:Papua New Guinea
3537:Louisville Ridge
3414:Abraham Ortelius
3402:Mount St. Helens
3392:Papua New Guinea
3364:oceanic trenches
3332:associated with
3296:tropical cyclone
3290:and the related
3254:British Columbia
3232:on North America
3210:Humboldt Current
3178:Aleutian Current
3167:Kuroshio Current
3110:on the coast of
3104:
3094:French Polynesia
3089:
3077:on the coast of
3070:
3059:French Polynesia
2999:Kermadec Islands
2929:Marshall Islands
2925:Caroline Islands
2868:
2866:
2865:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2840:
2838:
2837:
2828:Macquarie Island
2826:
2824:
2823:
2812:
2810:
2809:
2798:
2796:
2795:
2784:
2782:
2781:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2742:
2740:
2739:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2702:
2700:
2699:
2689:
2687:
2686:
2676:
2674:
2673:
2663:
2661:
2660:
2650:
2648:
2647:
2636:
2634:
2633:
2623:
2621:
2620:
2610:
2608:
2607:
2597:
2595:
2594:
2584:
2582:
2581:
2571:
2569:
2568:
2558:
2556:
2555:
2545:
2543:
2542:
2532:
2530:
2529:
2519:
2517:
2516:
2507:Pitcairn Islands
2505:
2503:
2502:
2492:
2490:
2489:
2479:
2477:
2476:
2468:Papua New Guinea
2466:
2464:
2463:
2453:
2451:
2450:
2440:
2438:
2437:
2427:
2425:
2424:
2413:
2411:
2410:
2399:
2397:
2396:
2385:
2383:
2382:
2372:
2370:
2369:
2359:
2357:
2356:
2345:
2343:
2342:
2332:
2330:
2329:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2308:Marshall Islands
2306:
2304:
2303:
2293:
2291:
2290:
2279:
2277:
2276:
2266:
2264:
2263:
2253:
2251:
2250:
2240:
2238:
2237:
2226:
2224:
2223:
2213:
2211:
2210:
2200:
2198:
2197:
2186:
2184:
2183:
2174:French Polynesia
2172:
2170:
2169:
2159:
2157:
2156:
2146:
2144:
2143:
2133:
2131:
2130:
2120:
2118:
2117:
2107:
2105:
2104:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2080:
2078:
2077:
2067:
2065:
2064:
2054:
2052:
2051:
2041:
2039:
2038:
2028:
2026:
2025:
2015:
2013:
2012:
2002:
2000:
1999:
1988:
1986:
1985:
1972:
1770:
1769:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1760:
1756:
1753:
1752:
1751:
1748:
1520:The bathyscaphe
1493:
1474:
1462:
1446:
1403:Vancouver Island
1383:Aleutian Islands
1245:Papua New Guinea
1237:Caroline Islands
1201:circumnavigation
1143:Francisco Serrão
1139:António de Abreu
1132:Amerigo Vespucci
1063:Marshall Islands
979:Marianas Islands
952:
949:
900:Island Melanesia
803:Early migrations
760:– 12,000 km
754:– 18,000 km
748:– 23,203 km
742:– 35,000 km
736:– 45,000 km
730:– 58,000 km
724:– 70,400 km
718:– 78,000 km
712:– 95,000 km
656:Gulf of Thailand
580:– 2.3 million km
574:– 3.5 million km
542:Top large seas:
516:
508:circumnavigation
501:
436:, including the
324:Water Hemisphere
273:
266:
259:
199:
196:
189:
182:
175:
172:
163:
162:
95:
94:
92:
91:
90:
85:
81:
78:
77:
76:
73:
63:
56:
44:
43:
9437:
9436:
9432:
9431:
9430:
9428:
9427:
9426:
9382:
9381:
9380:
9375:
9349:
9291:
9268:
9235:
9199:
9128:
9117:South China Sea
9026:
8969:Central America
8921:
8854:
8775:
8727:Northern Mexico
8715:Northern Canada
8700:Atlantic Canada
8655:Mountain states
8581:
8436:European Russia
8429:Southern Russia
8385:
8338:Iranian Plateau
8166:
8155:West Antarctica
8138:East Antarctica
8124:
8024:
7972:
7948:Land Hemisphere
7929:
7869:
7856:
7792:
7787:
7774:
7750:Pacific Studies
7652:
7642:
7623:
7611:. Minneapolis:
7600:
7572:
7546:
7527:
7503:
7493:Pacific Voyages
7484:
7452:
7433:
7414:
7395:
7374:
7340:
7338:Further reading
7335:
7334:
7324:
7322:
7306:
7302:
7295:
7281:
7277:
7267:
7265:
7255:
7249:
7245:
7230:
7226:
7195:
7191:
7184:
7180:
7163:
7159:
7144:
7143:
7139:
7124:
7120:
7109:
7105:
7094:
7090:
7085:. 1 March 2017.
7077:
7076:
7072:
7055:
7051:
7040:
7036:
7021:
7014:
7003:The Independent
6995:
6994:
6990:
6977:
6976:
6972:
6964:
6960:
6901:
6897:
6880:
6879:
6875:
6869:Wayback Machine
6860:
6856:
6801:
6797:
6785:
6781:
6769:
6765:
6758:
6742:
6738:
6728:
6726:
6721:
6720:
6716:
6709:
6693:
6689:
6682:
6666:
6662:
6655:
6639:
6635:
6628:
6612:
6608:
6601:
6579:
6575:
6566:
6562:
6552:"Pacific Ocean"
6550:
6546:
6537:
6535:
6525:
6499:
6495:
6485:
6483:
6470:
6466:
6460:Wayback Machine
6450:
6446:
6436:
6434:
6426:
6417:
6413:
6401:
6397:
6385:
6381:
6369:
6365:
6353:
6349:
6341:
6337:
6325:
6321:
6314:
6298:
6294:
6284:
6282:
6273:
6272:
6268:
6255:
6254:
6250:
6238:
6234:
6227:
6211:
6207:
6200:
6184:
6180:
6173:
6157:
6153:
6146:
6130:
6126:
6119:
6105:
6104:
6097:
6078:United States.
6076:
6072:
6065:
6049:
6045:
6035:
6033:
6018:
6014:
6005:
6003:
5996:Ribero, Diego,
5994:
5990:
5980:
5978:
5970:
5969:
5965:
5958:
5942:
5938:
5931:
5908:
5904:
5892:
5888:
5881:
5870:Basic Geography
5865:
5861:
5816:
5812:
5805:
5794:Plate Tectonics
5789:
5785:
5775:
5773:
5760:
5759:
5755:
5745:
5743:
5734:
5730:
5723:
5707:
5703:
5691:
5687:
5665:
5655:
5651:
5644:
5628:
5624:
5609:William Sater,
5608:
5604:
5595:
5588:
5543:
5539:
5528:
5527:
5523:
5513:
5511:
5503:
5502:
5498:
5488:
5486:
5476:
5472:
5462:
5460:
5455:
5454:
5450:
5443:
5427:
5423:
5409:10.2307/2506024
5393:
5389:
5382:
5368:
5367:
5363:
5347:
5343:
5336:
5316:
5309:
5302:
5280:
5276:
5266:
5264:
5259:
5258:Steven Thomas,
5257:
5253:
5236:
5232:
5219:
5215:
5208:
5189:
5185:
5177:
5173:
5161:
5157:
5148:
5144:
5137:
5121:
5117:
5101:
5097:
5090:
5073:
5069:
5054:
5050:
5041:
5037:
5028:
5024:
5014:
5012:
4997:
4993:
4986:
4966:
4962:
4907:
4903:
4896:
4882:
4878:
4831:
4824:
4793:(R1): R72–R78.
4779:
4775:
4736:
4732:
4722:
4720:
4713:
4695:
4691:
4681:
4679:
4672:
4656:
4652:
4636:
4635:
4631:
4617:
4613:
4603:
4601:
4596:
4595:
4591:
4566:
4564:
4560:
4552:
4548:
4547:
4543:
4535:
4531:
4530:
4526:
4510:
4509:
4502:
4500:
4490:
4486:
4476:
4474:
4469:
4468:
4464:
4448:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4417:
4407:
4405:
4395:
4393:
4381:
4369:
4361:
4359:
4300:
4272:
4267:
4261:
4256:
4215:Seto Inland Sea
4041:South China Sea
4024:
4019:
3825:
3820:
3810:
3804:
3801:
3794:needs expansion
3779:
3762:
3760:Deep Sea Mining
3735:nuclear weapons
3703:
3627:
3617:
3569:
3545:
3521:
3519:Seamount chains
3497:
3456:Solomon Islands
3452:Mariana Islands
3352:
3344:Main articles:
3342:
3327:and associated
3218:
3121:
3114:
3105:
3096:
3090:
3081:
3071:
3011:Austral Islands
3007:Society Islands
2952:Solomon Islands
2921:Mariana Islands
2919:, includes the
2886:
2884:Pacific Islands
2880:
2875:
2863:
2861:
2849:
2847:
2835:
2833:
2821:
2819:
2807:
2805:
2800:Johnston Island
2793:
2791:
2779:
2777:
2765:
2763:
2751:
2749:
2737:
2735:
2723:
2721:
2714:
2709:
2697:
2695:
2684:
2682:
2671:
2669:
2658:
2656:
2645:
2643:
2640:* (New Zealand)
2631:
2629:
2618:
2616:
2605:
2603:
2592:
2590:
2579:
2577:
2566:
2564:
2560:Solomon Islands
2553:
2551:
2540:
2538:
2527:
2525:
2514:
2512:
2500:
2498:
2487:
2485:
2474:
2472:
2461:
2459:
2448:
2446:
2435:
2433:
2422:
2420:
2408:
2406:
2394:
2392:
2380:
2378:
2367:
2365:
2354:
2352:
2340:
2338:
2327:
2325:
2314:
2312:
2301:
2299:
2288:
2286:
2274:
2272:
2261:
2259:
2248:
2246:
2235:
2233:
2221:
2219:
2208:
2206:
2195:
2193:
2181:
2179:
2167:
2165:
2154:
2152:
2141:
2139:
2128:
2126:
2115:
2113:
2102:
2100:
2088:
2086:
2075:
2073:
2062:
2060:
2049:
2047:
2036:
2034:
2023:
2021:
2010:
2008:
1997:
1995:
1983:
1981:
1970:
1963:
1928:tropical storms
1886:eastern Pacific
1874:western Pacific
1833:(including the
1815:South China Sea
1788:plate tectonics
1763:
1761:
1759:4.97°S 158.75°W
1757:
1754:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1741:
1738:Starbuck Island
1635:
1514:
1512:Pacific Century
1508:New Imperialism
1504:
1502:New Imperialism
1497:
1494:
1485:
1475:
1466:
1463:
1454:
1447:
1343:Willem Janszoon
1319:Terra Australis
1300:Solomon Islands
1276:Manila galleons
1260:Mariana Islands
1213:Sea of Magellan
1109:
1103:
1057:(including the
1031:Solomon Islands
965:boats, and the
955:outrigger boats
950:
815:
807:Main articles:
805:
773:
768:
763:
746:Seto Inland Sea
572:South China Sea
528:
482:
442:South China Sea
407:Challenger Deep
336:Coriolis effect
277:
201:
200:
197:
190:
183:
176:
146:Pacific Islands
88:
86:
82:
79:
74:
71:
69:
67:
66:
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
9435:
9425:
9424:
9419:
9414:
9409:
9404:
9399:
9394:
9377:
9376:
9374:
9373:
9371:Physical Earth
9354:
9351:
9350:
9348:
9347:
9342:
9337:
9332:
9327:
9322:
9317:
9312:
9307:
9301:
9299:
9293:
9292:
9290:
9289:
9284:
9278:
9276:
9270:
9269:
9267:
9266:
9261:
9256:
9251:
9245:
9243:
9237:
9236:
9234:
9233:
9228:
9223:
9222:
9221:
9210:
9208:
9201:
9200:
9198:
9197:
9192:
9191:
9190:
9185:
9183:Mariana Trench
9180:
9170:
9165:
9163:Atlantic Ocean
9160:
9155:
9154:
9153:
9142:
9140:
9134:
9133:
9130:
9129:
9127:
9126:
9124:Southern Ocean
9121:
9120:
9119:
9114:
9112:East China Sea
9104:
9103:
9102:
9092:
9091:
9090:
9089:
9088:
9083:
9078:
9068:
9063:
9058:
9053:
9046:Atlantic Ocean
9043:
9037:
9035:
9028:
9027:
9025:
9024:
9023:
9022:
9017:
9007:
9006:
9005:
9000:
8990:
8985:
8980:
8979:
8978:
8973:
8972:
8971:
8966:
8951:
8945:
8943:
8933:
8927:
8926:
8923:
8922:
8920:
8919:
8918:
8917:
8907:
8902:
8897:
8892:
8887:
8882:
8881:
8880:
8875:
8864:
8862:
8856:
8855:
8853:
8852:
8850:Remote Oceania
8847:
8842:
8837:
8832:
8831:
8830:
8820:
8819:
8818:
8813:
8812:
8811:
8806:
8801:
8785:
8783:
8777:
8776:
8774:
8773:
8768:
8767:
8766:
8765:
8764:
8759:
8744:
8739:
8734:
8729:
8724:
8723:
8722:
8720:Western Canada
8717:
8712:
8710:Eastern Canada
8707:
8702:
8697:
8692:
8687:
8682:
8677:
8672:
8667:
8662:
8657:
8652:
8647:
8642:
8637:
8632:
8627:
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8612:
8607:
8602:
8597:
8591:
8589:
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8569:
8564:
8559:
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8547:
8537:
8536:
8535:
8534:
8533:
8523:
8522:
8521:
8511:
8510:
8509:
8499:
8494:
8484:
8483:
8482:
8481:
8480:
8470:
8465:
8460:
8455:
8445:
8444:
8443:
8438:
8433:
8432:
8431:
8426:
8424:South Caucasus
8421:
8419:North Caucasus
8411:
8401:
8395:
8393:
8387:
8386:
8384:
8383:
8382:
8381:
8380:
8379:
8374:
8369:
8359:
8358:
8357:
8352:
8342:
8341:
8340:
8330:
8329:
8328:
8326:South Caucasus
8318:
8308:
8307:
8306:
8301:
8296:
8286:
8285:
8284:
8279:
8269:
8264:
8263:
8262:
8257:
8247:
8246:
8245:
8244:
8243:
8228:
8227:
8226:
8221:
8220:
8219:
8204:
8203:
8202:
8197:
8195:Aralkum Desert
8192:
8182:
8176:
8174:
8168:
8167:
8165:
8164:
8163:
8162:
8152:
8147:
8146:
8145:
8134:
8132:
8126:
8125:
8123:
8122:
8121:
8120:
8115:
8110:
8109:
8108:
8103:
8093:
8083:
8082:
8081:
8080:
8079:
8074:
8069:
8064:
8049:
8043:
8041:
8032:
8026:
8025:
8023:
8022:
8021:
8020:
8010:
8005:
8000:
7995:
7994:
7993:
7986:Africa-Eurasia
7982:
7980:
7974:
7973:
7971:
7970:
7965:
7960:
7955:
7950:
7945:
7939:
7937:
7931:
7930:
7928:
7927:
7926:
7925:
7920:
7915:
7910:
7900:
7895:
7890:
7885:
7879:
7877:
7871:
7870:
7855:
7854:
7847:
7840:
7832:
7826:
7825:
7819:
7810:
7805:
7799:
7791:
7790:External links
7788:
7786:
7785:
7778:
7772:
7756:
7746:
7739:
7732:
7725:
7715:
7708:
7701:
7694:
7687:
7667:
7660:
7651:
7650:Historiography
7648:
7647:
7646:
7640:
7627:
7621:
7604:
7598:
7583:
7578:Samson, Jane.
7576:
7570:
7557:
7550:
7544:
7531:
7525:
7507:
7501:
7488:
7482:
7463:
7456:
7450:
7437:
7431:
7418:
7412:
7399:
7393:
7378:
7372:
7355:
7341:
7339:
7336:
7333:
7332:
7300:
7293:
7275:
7243:
7224:
7189:
7178:
7157:
7137:
7118:
7103:
7088:
7070:
7049:
7034:
7012:
6988:
6970:
6968:BBC 9 May 2012
6958:
6895:
6873:
6854:
6795:
6779:
6763:
6756:
6736:
6714:
6707:
6687:
6680:
6660:
6653:
6633:
6626:
6606:
6599:
6573:
6560:
6556:World Factbook
6544:
6523:
6493:
6464:
6444:
6411:
6395:
6379:
6363:
6347:
6335:
6319:
6312:
6292:
6266:
6248:
6240:"Coral island"
6232:
6225:
6205:
6198:
6178:
6171:
6151:
6144:
6124:
6117:
6095:
6070:
6063:
6043:
6012:
5988:
5963:
5956:
5936:
5929:
5902:
5886:
5879:
5859:
5810:
5803:
5783:
5753:
5728:
5721:
5701:
5685:
5682:March 24, 1976
5649:
5642:
5622:
5602:
5586:
5537:
5521:
5496:
5470:
5448:
5441:
5421:
5403:(2): 181–194,
5387:
5380:
5361:
5341:
5334:
5307:
5300:
5274:
5251:
5230:
5213:
5206:
5183:
5171:
5155:
5153:, p. 76. 2005.
5142:
5135:
5115:
5095:
5088:
5067:
5048:
5035:
5022:
4999:Gibbons, Ann.
4991:
4984:
4960:
4901:
4895:978-1902937205
4894:
4876:
4822:
4773:
4730:
4712:978-9814762755
4711:
4689:
4671:978-0817319397
4670:
4650:
4630:978-0199925070
4629:
4611:
4589:
4558:
4541:
4524:
4484:
4462:
4436:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4427:
4415:
4403:
4391:
4379:
4358:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4271:
4268:
4263:Main article:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4254:
4248:
4242:
4239:Gulf of Panama
4236:
4230:
4224:
4218:
4212:
4206:
4200:
4194:
4188:
4182:
4176:
4170:
4167:Gulf of Tonkin
4164:
4158:
4155:Gulf of Anadyr
4152:
4146:
4140:
4134:
4128:
4122:
4116:
4110:
4104:
4098:
4092:
4086:
4080:
4074:
4071:East China Sea
4068:
4065:Gulf of Alaska
4062:
4059:Sea of Okhotsk
4056:
4050:
4044:
4038:
4032:
4029:Philippine Sea
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3816:Main article:
3812:
3811:
3791:
3789:
3778:
3775:
3761:
3758:
3725:served as the
3702:
3699:
3616:
3613:
3568:
3565:
3544:
3541:
3520:
3517:
3496:
3493:
3408:, U.S. in 2020
3341:
3338:
3258:ocean currents
3217:
3214:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3115:
3112:Southern Chile
3106:
3099:
3097:
3091:
3084:
3082:
3072:
3065:
2882:Main article:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2873:
2859:
2845:
2831:
2817:
2803:
2789:
2775:
2772:Howland Island
2761:
2747:
2733:
2718:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2707:
2693:
2680:
2667:
2654:
2641:
2627:
2614:
2601:
2588:
2575:
2562:
2549:
2536:
2523:
2510:
2496:
2483:
2470:
2457:
2444:
2431:
2418:
2404:
2401:Norfolk Island
2390:
2376:
2363:
2350:
2336:
2323:
2310:
2297:
2284:
2270:
2257:
2244:
2231:
2217:
2204:
2191:
2177:
2163:
2150:
2137:
2124:
2111:
2098:
2084:
2071:
2058:
2045:
2032:
2019:
2006:
1993:
1990:American Samoa
1978:
1962:
1959:
1903:(north of the
1866:180th meridian
1807:Philippine Sea
1803:East China Sea
1773:Mariana Trench
1764:-4.97; -158.75
1706:Southern Ocean
1634:
1631:
1600:Policarpo Toro
1563:Charles Darwin
1528:Mariana Trench
1503:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1488:
1486:
1478:Maris Pacifici
1476:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1457:
1455:
1448:
1441:
1385:, such as the
1231:and round the
1151:Maluku Islands
1105:Main article:
1102:
1099:
1023:Lapita culture
991:Remote Oceania
967:crab claw sail
906:settlers from
838:crab claw sail
804:
801:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
761:
755:
749:
743:
737:
731:
725:
719:
713:
707:
704:Gulf of Tonkin
701:
695:
689:
686:Gulf of Anadyr
683:
677:
671:
665:
659:
653:
647:
641:
635:
629:
623:
617:
611:
605:
602:East China Sea
599:
596:Gulf of Alaska
593:
590:Sea of Okhotsk
587:
586:– 2 million km
581:
575:
569:
563:
557:
554:Philippine Sea
551:
544:
527:
524:
481:
478:
462:Gulf of Alaska
454:Sea of Okhotsk
446:East China Sea
438:Philippine Sea
411:Mariana Trench
297:Southern Ocean
279:
278:
276:
275:
268:
261:
253:
250:
249:
242:
241:
236:
231:
226:
221:
210:
209:
203:
202:
191:
177:
167:
166:
159:
158:
153:
149:
148:
143:
137:
136:
133:
132:
129:
125:
124:
121:
117:
116:
113:
109:
108:
105:
101:
100:
97:
96:
64:
58:
57:
49:
48:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9434:
9423:
9422:South America
9420:
9418:
9415:
9413:
9410:
9408:
9405:
9403:
9402:North America
9400:
9398:
9395:
9393:
9392:Pacific Ocean
9390:
9389:
9387:
9372:
9368:
9364:
9356:
9355:
9352:
9346:
9343:
9341:
9338:
9336:
9333:
9331:
9328:
9326:
9323:
9321:
9318:
9316:
9313:
9311:
9308:
9306:
9303:
9302:
9300:
9298:
9294:
9288:
9285:
9283:
9280:
9279:
9277:
9275:
9271:
9265:
9262:
9260:
9257:
9255:
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9250:
9247:
9246:
9244:
9242:
9238:
9232:
9229:
9227:
9224:
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9217:
9216:
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9211:
9209:
9207:
9202:
9196:
9193:
9189:
9186:
9184:
9181:
9179:
9176:
9175:
9174:
9173:Pacific Ocean
9171:
9169:
9166:
9164:
9161:
9159:
9156:
9152:
9149:
9148:
9147:
9144:
9143:
9141:
9139:
9135:
9125:
9122:
9118:
9115:
9113:
9110:
9109:
9108:
9107:Pacific Ocean
9105:
9101:
9098:
9097:
9096:
9093:
9087:
9084:
9082:
9079:
9077:
9074:
9073:
9072:
9069:
9067:
9064:
9062:
9061:Caribbean Sea
9059:
9057:
9054:
9052:
9049:
9048:
9047:
9044:
9042:
9039:
9038:
9036:
9034:
9029:
9021:
9018:
9016:
9013:
9012:
9011:
9008:
9004:
9003:by population
9001:
8999:
8996:
8995:
8994:
8991:
8989:
8986:
8984:
8981:
8977:
8976:South America
8974:
8970:
8967:
8965:
8962:
8961:
8960:
8959:North America
8957:
8956:
8955:
8952:
8950:
8947:
8946:
8944:
8942:
8937:
8934:
8932:
8928:
8916:
8913:
8912:
8911:
8910:Southern Cone
8908:
8906:
8903:
8901:
8898:
8896:
8893:
8891:
8888:
8886:
8885:Andean States
8883:
8879:
8876:
8874:
8871:
8870:
8869:
8866:
8865:
8863:
8861:
8860:South America
8857:
8851:
8848:
8846:
8843:
8841:
8838:
8836:
8833:
8829:
8826:
8825:
8824:
8821:
8817:
8814:
8810:
8807:
8805:
8802:
8800:
8797:
8796:
8795:
8792:
8791:
8790:
8787:
8786:
8784:
8782:
8778:
8772:
8769:
8763:
8760:
8758:
8755:
8754:
8753:
8750:
8749:
8748:
8745:
8743:
8740:
8738:
8735:
8733:
8730:
8728:
8725:
8721:
8718:
8716:
8713:
8711:
8708:
8706:
8703:
8701:
8698:
8696:
8693:
8691:
8688:
8686:
8683:
8681:
8678:
8676:
8673:
8671:
8668:
8666:
8663:
8661:
8658:
8656:
8653:
8651:
8648:
8646:
8643:
8641:
8638:
8636:
8633:
8631:
8628:
8626:
8623:
8622:
8621:
8618:
8616:
8613:
8611:
8608:
8606:
8603:
8601:
8598:
8596:
8593:
8592:
8590:
8588:
8587:North America
8584:
8578:
8575:
8573:
8570:
8568:
8565:
8563:
8560:
8556:
8553:
8551:
8550:Low Countries
8548:
8546:
8543:
8542:
8541:
8538:
8532:
8529:
8528:
8527:
8526:South-western
8524:
8520:
8517:
8516:
8515:
8514:South-eastern
8512:
8508:
8505:
8504:
8503:
8502:South-central
8500:
8498:
8495:
8493:
8492:Mediterranean
8490:
8489:
8488:
8485:
8479:
8476:
8475:
8474:
8471:
8469:
8466:
8464:
8461:
8459:
8458:British Isles
8456:
8454:
8451:
8450:
8449:
8446:
8442:
8439:
8437:
8434:
8430:
8427:
8425:
8422:
8420:
8417:
8416:
8415:
8412:
8410:
8407:
8406:
8405:
8402:
8400:
8397:
8396:
8394:
8392:
8388:
8378:
8375:
8373:
8370:
8368:
8365:
8364:
8363:
8360:
8356:
8355:Levantine Sea
8353:
8351:
8348:
8347:
8346:
8343:
8339:
8336:
8335:
8334:
8331:
8327:
8324:
8323:
8322:
8319:
8317:
8314:
8313:
8312:
8309:
8305:
8302:
8300:
8297:
8295:
8292:
8291:
8290:
8287:
8283:
8280:
8278:
8275:
8274:
8273:
8270:
8268:
8265:
8261:
8258:
8256:
8253:
8252:
8251:
8248:
8242:
8239:
8238:
8237:
8234:
8233:
8232:
8229:
8225:
8222:
8218:
8215:
8214:
8213:
8210:
8209:
8208:
8205:
8201:
8198:
8196:
8193:
8191:
8188:
8187:
8186:
8183:
8181:
8178:
8177:
8175:
8173:
8169:
8161:
8158:
8157:
8156:
8153:
8151:
8148:
8144:
8141:
8140:
8139:
8136:
8135:
8133:
8131:
8127:
8119:
8116:
8114:
8111:
8107:
8104:
8102:
8099:
8098:
8097:
8094:
8092:
8089:
8088:
8087:
8084:
8078:
8075:
8073:
8070:
8068:
8065:
8063:
8060:
8059:
8058:
8055:
8054:
8053:
8050:
8048:
8047:Mediterranean
8045:
8044:
8042:
8040:
8036:
8033:
8031:
8027:
8019:
8016:
8015:
8014:
8011:
8009:
8006:
8004:
8001:
7999:
7996:
7992:
7989:
7988:
7987:
7984:
7983:
7981:
7979:
7975:
7969:
7966:
7964:
7961:
7959:
7956:
7954:
7951:
7949:
7946:
7944:
7941:
7940:
7938:
7936:
7932:
7924:
7921:
7919:
7916:
7914:
7911:
7909:
7906:
7905:
7904:
7901:
7899:
7896:
7894:
7891:
7889:
7886:
7884:
7881:
7880:
7878:
7876:
7872:
7868:
7864:
7860:
7853:
7848:
7846:
7841:
7839:
7834:
7833:
7830:
7823:
7820:
7817:
7814:
7811:
7809:
7806:
7803:
7800:
7797:
7794:
7793:
7783:
7779:
7775:
7769:
7765:
7764:
7757:
7755:
7751:
7747:
7744:
7740:
7737:
7734:Munro, Doug.
7733:
7730:
7726:
7724:
7720:
7716:
7713:
7709:
7706:
7702:
7699:
7695:
7692:
7688:
7684:
7683:
7677:
7672:
7668:
7665:
7661:
7658:
7654:
7653:
7643:
7637:
7633:
7628:
7624:
7618:
7614:
7610:
7605:
7601:
7595:
7591:
7590:
7584:
7581:
7577:
7573:
7567:
7563:
7558:
7555:
7551:
7547:
7541:
7537:
7532:
7528:
7522:
7518:
7515:
7514:
7508:
7504:
7498:
7494:
7489:
7485:
7479:
7475:
7472:. Vancouver:
7471:
7470:
7464:
7461:
7457:
7453:
7447:
7443:
7438:
7434:
7428:
7424:
7419:
7415:
7409:
7405:
7400:
7396:
7390:
7386:
7385:
7379:
7375:
7369:
7365:
7361:
7356:
7352:
7348:
7343:
7342:
7321:
7317:
7313:
7312:
7304:
7296:
7290:
7286:
7279:
7263:
7262:
7254:
7247:
7240:(in Spanish).
7239:
7235:
7228:
7220:
7216:
7212:
7209:(5827): 987.
7208:
7204:
7200:
7193:
7187:
7182:
7174:
7173:
7168:
7161:
7153:
7152:
7147:
7141:
7133:
7129:
7122:
7114:
7107:
7100:. Al-Jazeera.
7099:
7092:
7084:
7080:
7074:
7066:
7065:
7064:Asahi Shimbun
7060:
7053:
7045:
7038:
7030:
7026:
7019:
7017:
7008:
7004:
6999:
6992:
6984:
6980:
6974:
6967:
6962:
6954:
6950:
6946:
6942:
6938:
6934:
6930:
6926:
6922:
6918:
6914:
6910:
6906:
6899:
6891:
6887:
6883:
6877:
6870:
6866:
6863:
6858:
6850:
6846:
6841:
6836:
6831:
6826:
6822:
6818:
6814:
6810:
6806:
6799:
6792:
6788:
6783:
6776:
6772:
6767:
6759:
6753:
6749:
6748:
6740:
6724:
6718:
6710:
6704:
6700:
6699:
6691:
6683:
6677:
6673:
6672:
6664:
6656:
6650:
6646:
6645:
6637:
6629:
6623:
6619:
6618:
6610:
6602:
6596:
6592:
6587:
6586:
6577:
6570:
6564:
6557:
6553:
6548:
6534:
6530:
6526:
6520:
6516:
6512:
6508:
6504:
6497:
6482:
6478:
6474:
6468:
6461:
6457:
6454:
6448:
6432:
6425:
6421:
6415:
6408:
6404:
6399:
6392:
6388:
6383:
6376:
6372:
6367:
6360:
6356:
6351:
6344:
6339:
6332:
6328:
6323:
6315:
6309:
6305:
6304:
6296:
6280:
6276:
6270:
6262:
6258:
6252:
6245:
6241:
6236:
6228:
6222:
6218:
6217:
6209:
6201:
6195:
6191:
6190:
6182:
6174:
6168:
6164:
6163:
6155:
6147:
6141:
6137:
6136:
6128:
6120:
6114:
6110:
6109:
6102:
6100:
6091:
6090:
6085:
6081:
6074:
6066:
6060:
6056:
6055:
6047:
6031:
6027:
6026:Mysticalroads
6023:
6016:
6001:
6000:
5992:
5977:
5973:
5967:
5959:
5953:
5949:
5948:
5940:
5932:
5926:
5922:
5918:
5917:
5912:
5906:
5899:
5895:
5890:
5882:
5876:
5872:
5871:
5863:
5855:
5851:
5846:
5841:
5837:
5833:
5830:(4376): 484.
5829:
5825:
5821:
5814:
5806:
5800:
5796:
5795:
5787:
5771:
5767:
5763:
5757:
5742:
5738:
5732:
5724:
5718:
5714:
5713:
5705:
5698:
5694:
5689:
5679:
5675:
5671:
5664:
5658:
5653:
5645:
5639:
5635:
5634:
5626:
5620:
5619:0-8203-1249-5
5616:
5612:
5606:
5599:
5593:
5591:
5582:
5578:
5573:
5568:
5564:
5560:
5556:
5552:
5548:
5541:
5533:
5532:
5525:
5510:
5506:
5500:
5485:
5481:
5474:
5458:
5452:
5444:
5438:
5434:
5433:
5425:
5418:
5414:
5410:
5406:
5402:
5398:
5391:
5383:
5377:
5373:
5372:
5365:
5359:
5358:0-7270-0800-5
5355:
5351:
5345:
5337:
5331:
5327:
5323:
5322:
5314:
5312:
5303:
5297:
5293:
5288:
5287:
5278:
5262:
5255:
5247:
5243:
5242:
5234:
5228:
5224:
5217:
5209:
5203:
5199:
5198:
5193:
5187:
5180:
5175:
5169:
5165:
5159:
5152:
5146:
5138:
5132:
5128:
5127:
5119:
5113:
5112:0-8133-3749-6
5109:
5105:
5099:
5091:
5085:
5081:
5077:
5076:Milton, Giles
5071:
5063:
5059:
5052:
5045:
5039:
5032:
5026:
5010:
5006:
5002:
4995:
4987:
4981:
4977:
4973:
4972:
4971:South Pacific
4964:
4956:
4952:
4947:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4928:
4924:
4920:
4916:
4912:
4905:
4897:
4891:
4887:
4880:
4872:
4868:
4864:
4860:
4856:
4852:
4848:
4844:
4840:
4836:
4829:
4827:
4818:
4814:
4810:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4792:
4788:
4784:
4777:
4769:
4765:
4761:
4757:
4753:
4749:
4745:
4741:
4734:
4718:
4714:
4708:
4704:
4700:
4693:
4677:
4673:
4667:
4663:
4662:
4654:
4646:
4640:
4632:
4626:
4622:
4615:
4599:
4593:
4585:
4584:
4579:
4573:
4572:public domain
4562:
4551:
4545:
4534:
4528:
4520:
4514:
4499:
4495:
4488:
4472:
4466:
4459:
4457:
4452:
4451:Pacific Ocean
4446:
4444:
4442:
4437:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4414:
4404:
4402:
4392:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4367:
4364:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4320:Pacific coast
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4302:
4295:
4293:
4289:
4281:
4276:
4266:
4252:
4249:
4246:
4243:
4240:
4237:
4234:
4231:
4228:
4225:
4222:
4219:
4216:
4213:
4210:
4207:
4204:
4201:
4198:
4195:
4192:
4189:
4186:
4185:Gulf of Papua
4183:
4180:
4177:
4174:
4173:Halmahera Sea
4171:
4168:
4165:
4162:
4159:
4156:
4153:
4150:
4147:
4144:
4141:
4138:
4135:
4132:
4129:
4126:
4123:
4120:
4117:
4114:
4111:
4108:
4105:
4102:
4099:
4096:
4093:
4090:
4087:
4084:
4081:
4078:
4075:
4072:
4069:
4066:
4063:
4060:
4057:
4054:
4051:
4048:
4045:
4042:
4039:
4036:
4033:
4030:
4027:
4026:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3965:San Francisco
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3827:
3819:
3808:
3805:December 2020
3799:
3795:
3792:This section
3790:
3787:
3783:
3782:
3774:
3770:
3767:
3757:
3755:
3751:
3747:
3744:In 2021, the
3742:
3740:
3736:
3732:
3731:nuclear tests
3728:
3724:
3716:
3712:
3707:
3701:Nuclear waste
3698:
3696:
3692:
3688:
3683:
3681:
3680:Marine debris
3677:
3675:
3671:
3667:
3662:
3658:
3656:
3648:coast in 2008
3647:
3643:
3642:Marine debris
3639:
3631:
3626:
3622:
3612:
3610:
3605:
3601:
3598:, as well as
3597:
3593:
3589:
3585:
3581:
3577:
3573:
3564:
3562:
3558:
3554:
3550:
3540:
3538:
3534:
3530:
3526:
3516:
3514:
3510:
3506:
3502:
3492:
3490:
3485:
3483:
3479:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3463:
3461:
3457:
3453:
3450:, Japan, the
3449:
3448:Kuril Islands
3445:
3441:
3437:
3433:
3430:
3426:
3425:andesite line
3421:
3419:
3415:
3407:
3403:
3399:
3393:
3389:
3385:
3381:
3380:stratovolcano
3376:
3369:
3365:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3350:Pacific Plate
3347:
3337:
3335:
3330:
3326:
3320:
3318:
3314:
3310:
3306:
3302:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3284:
3282:
3278:
3274:
3270:
3266:
3261:
3259:
3255:
3250:
3242:
3238:
3231:
3227:
3222:
3213:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3187:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3170:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3159:latitude 15°N
3156:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3139:
3130:
3125:
3113:
3109:
3103:
3098:
3095:
3088:
3083:
3080:
3076:
3069:
3064:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3056:
3052:
3047:
3043:
3038:
3036:
3030:
3029:to the east.
3028:
3027:Easter Island
3024:
3020:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2976:
2971:
2969:
2968:New Caledonia
2965:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2936:
2934:
2930:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2906:
2898:
2894:
2890:
2885:
2871:
2860:
2857:
2856:Palmyra Atoll
2846:
2843:
2832:
2829:
2818:
2815:
2804:
2801:
2790:
2787:
2786:Jarvis Island
2776:
2773:
2762:
2759:
2748:
2745:
2734:
2731:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2705:
2694:
2692:
2681:
2679:
2668:
2666:
2665:United States
2655:
2653:
2642:
2639:
2628:
2626:
2615:
2613:
2602:
2600:
2589:
2587:
2576:
2574:
2563:
2561:
2550:
2548:
2537:
2535:
2524:
2522:
2511:
2508:
2497:
2495:
2484:
2482:
2471:
2469:
2458:
2456:
2445:
2443:
2432:
2430:
2419:
2416:
2405:
2403:* (Australia)
2402:
2391:
2388:
2377:
2375:
2364:
2362:
2351:
2348:
2347:New Caledonia
2337:
2335:
2324:
2322:
2311:
2309:
2298:
2296:
2285:
2282:
2271:
2269:
2258:
2256:
2245:
2243:
2232:
2229:
2218:
2216:
2205:
2203:
2192:
2189:
2178:
2175:
2164:
2162:
2151:
2149:
2138:
2136:
2125:
2123:
2112:
2110:
2099:
2096:
2085:
2083:
2072:
2070:
2059:
2057:
2046:
2044:
2033:
2031:
2020:
2018:
2007:
2005:
1994:
1991:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1967:
1958:
1956:
1955:Diogo Ribeiro
1952:
1947:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1916:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1893:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1855:Bering Strait
1852:
1848:
1847:Drake Passage
1844:
1840:
1839:Torres Strait
1836:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1817:(South Sea),
1816:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1791:
1789:
1784:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1768:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1694:
1691:
1687:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1663:
1655:
1648:
1647:thunderclouds
1644:
1639:
1630:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1596:Easter Island
1593:
1592:New Caledonia
1589:
1584:
1582:
1578:
1577:
1571:
1570:
1564:
1560:
1559:
1552:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1529:
1525:
1524:
1518:
1513:
1509:
1492:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1473:
1468:
1461:
1456:
1452:
1451:Diogo Ribeiro
1445:
1440:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1432:
1429:accompanying
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1375:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1364:
1358:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1335:Torres Strait
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1315:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1197:Spice Islands
1194:
1190:
1185:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1155:Jorge Álvares
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1108:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1043:New Caledonia
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1019:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
946:
942:
938:
935:
928:
923:
919:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
876:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
839:
836:) hull and a
835:
831:
827:
824:
819:
814:
810:
800:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
759:
756:
753:
750:
747:
744:
741:
738:
735:
732:
729:
726:
723:
722:Gulf of Papua
720:
717:
714:
711:
710:Halmahera Sea
708:
705:
702:
699:
696:
693:
690:
687:
684:
681:
678:
675:
672:
669:
666:
663:
660:
657:
654:
651:
648:
645:
642:
639:
636:
633:
630:
627:
624:
621:
618:
615:
612:
609:
606:
603:
600:
597:
594:
591:
588:
585:
582:
579:
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570:
567:
564:
561:
558:
555:
552:
549:
546:
545:
543:
537:
532:
523:
521:
517:
515:
509:
505:
500:
495:
491:
487:
484:In the early
477:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
434:marginal seas
430:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
403:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
380:South America
377:
373:
372:North America
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
312:
311:in the east.
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
285:Pacific Ocean
274:
269:
267:
262:
260:
255:
254:
252:
251:
248:
247:Marginal seas
245:
240:
237:
235:
232:
230:
227:
225:
222:
220:
217:
216:
215:
212:
211:
208:
207:Earth's ocean
205:
204:
195:
188:seawater flow
187:
181:
171:
165:
164:
157:
154:
150:
147:
144:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
112:Average depth
110:
106:
102:
98:
93:
65:
59:
55:
50:
47:Pacific Ocean
45:
42:
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
9369: /
9367:List of seas
9365: /
9330:Global South
9315:Global North
9249:Atlantic Rim
9188:Ring of Fire
9172:
9168:Indian Ocean
9158:Arctic Ocean
9100:Persian Gulf
9095:Indian Ocean
9076:Adriatic Sea
9041:Arctic Ocean
8873:Amazon Basin
8868:Amazon Plain
8840:Near Oceania
8645:Mid-Atlantic
8595:Aridoamerica
8555:Northwestern
8468:Northwestern
8441:Southeastern
8333:Greater Iran
8272:Southeastern
8267:Pacific Asia
8236:Pacific Asia
8224:Northeastern
8180:Asia–Pacific
7923:Fourth World
7913:Second World
7781:
7762:
7749:
7742:
7735:
7728:
7718:
7711:
7704:
7697:
7690:
7680:
7663:
7656:
7631:
7608:
7588:
7579:
7561:
7553:
7535:
7512:
7492:
7468:
7459:
7441:
7422:
7403:
7383:
7359:
7349:. Honolulu:
7346:
7323:. Retrieved
7310:
7303:
7284:
7278:
7266:. Retrieved
7264:(in Spanish)
7259:
7246:
7237:
7227:
7219:the original
7206:
7202:
7192:
7181:
7170:
7160:
7149:
7140:
7131:
7121:
7106:
7091:
7082:
7073:
7062:
7052:
7043:
7037:
7029:the original
7002:
6991:
6982:
6973:
6961:
6912:
6908:
6898:
6885:
6876:
6857:
6812:
6808:
6798:
6790:
6782:
6774:
6766:
6746:
6739:
6727:. Retrieved
6717:
6697:
6690:
6670:
6663:
6643:
6636:
6616:
6609:
6584:
6576:
6563:
6555:
6547:
6536:, retrieved
6506:
6496:
6484:. Retrieved
6467:
6447:
6435:. Retrieved
6414:
6406:
6398:
6390:
6382:
6374:
6366:
6358:
6350:
6338:
6330:
6322:
6302:
6295:
6283:. Retrieved
6279:the original
6269:
6260:
6251:
6243:
6235:
6215:
6208:
6188:
6181:
6161:
6154:
6134:
6127:
6107:
6088:
6073:
6053:
6046:
6034:. Retrieved
6030:the original
6025:
6015:
6006:30 September
6004:, retrieved
5998:
5991:
5979:. Retrieved
5975:
5966:
5946:
5939:
5915:
5905:
5897:
5889:
5869:
5862:
5827:
5823:
5813:
5793:
5786:
5774:. Retrieved
5765:
5756:
5744:. Retrieved
5740:
5731:
5711:
5704:
5696:
5688:
5656:
5652:
5632:
5625:
5610:
5605:
5597:
5554:
5550:
5540:
5530:
5524:
5512:. Retrieved
5508:
5499:
5487:. Retrieved
5483:
5473:
5461:. Retrieved
5451:
5431:
5424:
5400:
5396:
5390:
5370:
5364:
5349:
5344:
5320:
5285:
5277:
5265:. Retrieved
5254:
5240:
5233:
5222:
5216:
5196:
5186:
5174:
5163:
5158:
5150:
5145:
5125:
5118:
5103:
5098:
5079:
5070:
5057:
5051:
5043:
5038:
5030:
5025:
5013:. Retrieved
5004:
4994:
4970:
4963:
4918:
4914:
4904:
4885:
4879:
4838:
4834:
4790:
4786:
4776:
4743:
4739:
4733:
4721:. Retrieved
4702:
4692:
4680:. Retrieved
4660:
4653:
4623:. New York.
4620:
4614:
4602:. Retrieved
4592:
4581:
4561:
4544:
4527:
4501:. Retrieved
4497:
4487:
4475:. Retrieved
4465:
4454:
4285:
4137:Bismarck Sea
4077:Sea of Japan
3802:
3798:adding to it
3793:
3771:
3763:
3743:
3720:
3684:
3678:
3659:
3651:
3570:
3546:
3522:
3498:
3486:
3478:Ring of Fire
3474:
3464:
3460:North Island
3440:Aleutian arc
3432:igneous rock
3422:
3411:
3360:Ring of Fire
3321:
3285:
3262:
3246:
3171:
3134:
3039:
3035:Bougainville
3031:
3003:Cook Islands
2972:
2937:
2901:
2893:Tarawa Atoll
2842:Midway Atoll
2814:Kingman Reef
2730:Baker Island
2715:
2095:Cook Islands
1975:
1948:
1934:are full of
1917:
1894:
1885:
1882:East Pacific
1881:
1880:, while the
1873:
1870:West Pacific
1869:
1863:
1859:Arctic Ocean
1843:Indian Ocean
1811:Sea of Japan
1805:(East Sea),
1792:
1785:
1722:5°N latitude
1695:
1683:
1608:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1568:
1557:
1548:
1541:taking over
1521:
1395:Vitus Bering
1376:
1363:mare clausum
1361:
1359:
1316:
1296:Cook Islands
1249:
1229:Indian Ocean
1212:
1204:
1186:
1177:
1167:
1136:
1115:
1075:Cook Islands
1025:reached the
1020:
1015:Indian Ocean
931:
904:Austronesian
877:
842:
774:
680:Bismarck Sea
614:Sea of Japan
541:
520:peaceful sea
519:
514:Mar Pacífico
511:
492:crossed the
486:16th century
483:
450:Sea of Japan
431:
423:Tonga Trench
419:Horizon Deep
404:
395:
392:Pacific Asia
383:
375:
367:
364:West Pacific
363:
360:East Pacific
359:
347:
343:
313:
293:Arctic Ocean
284:
282:
243:
238:
213:
128:Water volume
104:Surface area
41:
9345:Global West
9305:Global East
9264:Pacific Rim
9206:waterbodies
9195:World Ocean
9020:New Zealand
8900:The Guianas
8789:Australasia
8732:West Indies
8660:New England
8640:Great Lakes
8610:Mesoamerica
8497:Middle East
8473:Scandinavia
8362:Middle East
8200:Caspian Sea
8106:Great Lakes
8086:Sub-Saharan
8072:Middle East
7935:Hemispheres
7918:Third World
7908:First World
7861:'s primary
6915:: 215–224.
6002:, W. Griggs
5976:www.loc.gov
5557:(553): 95.
4389:Environment
4233:Visayan Sea
4221:Sibuyan Sea
4149:Molucca Sea
4125:Celebes Sea
4089:Arafura Sea
4083:Solomon Sea
4010:Vladivostok
3950:Panama City
3915:Los Angeles
3895:Johor Bahru
3691:Fobos-Grunt
3666:fertilizers
3615:Environment
3609:Okhotsk Sea
3604:Overfishing
3553:natural gas
3505:Panthalassa
3388:New Britain
3249:trade winds
3241:Typhoon Tip
3163:trade winds
3108:Los Molinos
3042:coral reefs
2870:Wake Island
2830:(Australia)
2760:(Australia)
2612:Timor-Leste
2573:South Korea
2494:Philippines
2429:North Korea
2361:New Zealand
2135:El Salvador
1940:earthquakes
1932:Pacific Rim
1924:Philippines
1795:Celebes Sea
1762: /
1615:Pacific War
1583:(1874–76).
1551:imperialism
1421:. In 1768,
1401:, reaching
1256:Philippines
1241:Aru Islands
1221:Philippines
1182:"South Sea"
1178:Mar del Sur
1089:by 900 CE;
1085:by 700 CE;
997:, reaching
971:Philippines
951: 3000
912:Philippines
884:Melanesians
845:Paleolithic
821:Model of a
692:Molucca Sea
668:Celebes Sea
632:Arafura Sea
620:Solomon Sea
608:Mar de Grau
566:Chilean Sea
499:Mar del Sur
466:Mar de Grau
427:Sirena Deep
388:Far Eastern
320:hydrosphere
316:World Ocean
152:Settlements
87: /
62:Coordinates
9386:Categories
9086:Ionian Sea
9081:Aegean Sea
9051:Baltic Sea
8983:Antarctica
8835:Micronesia
8804:New Guinea
8762:Portuguese
8685:West Coast
8635:East Coast
8630:Bible Belt
8625:Appalachia
8304:Subregions
8212:Inner Asia
8130:Antarctica
8030:Continents
8003:Antarctica
7978:Landmasses
7888:Down Under
7883:Arab World
7867:subregions
6729:31 October
6538:25 October
6355:"Kuroshio"
5981:3 December
5680:, enacted
5672:, 90
5062:Bandanaira
4503:18 October
4432:References
4335:Seven Seas
4245:Manila Bay
4143:Flores Sea
4101:Yellow Sea
4053:Bering Sea
4047:Tasman Sea
4000:Valparaíso
3910:Long Beach
3619:See also:
3489:subduction
3470:Cordillera
3329:jet stream
3325:Westerlies
3292:wet season
3224:Impact of
3194:New Guinea
3182:Bering Sea
3127:Sunset in
2956:Santa Cruz
2940:New Guinea
2905:Micronesia
2706:* (France)
2349:* (France)
2176:* (France)
2109:Costa Rica
1905:South Pole
1827:Yellow Sea
1823:Tasman Sea
1734:Kiritimati
1714:Antarctica
1698:Bering Sea
1671:Micronesia
1645:. Tops of
1569:Challenger
1506:See also:
1427:astronomer
1425:, a young
1411:James Cook
1145:, via the
1081:, and the
1055:Micronesia
1007:Madagascar
963:lashed-lug
959:catamarans
896:New Guinea
894:, coastal
857:New Guinea
771:Prehistory
752:Salish Sea
644:Yellow Sea
584:Bering Sea
578:Tasman Sea
472:, and the
470:Tasman Sea
458:Bering Sea
394:, and the
352:South Seas
301:Antarctica
120:Max. depth
9282:Antarctic
9066:Irish Sea
9056:Black Sea
9015:Australia
8964:Caribbean
8941:continent
8915:Patagonia
8845:Polynesia
8823:Melanesia
8816:Zealandia
8794:Australia
8680:Southwest
8600:Caribbean
8377:Near East
8018:submerged
8013:Zealandia
8008:Australia
7898:Old World
7893:New World
6953:196691104
6937:0025-326X
6533:212780026
6285:23 August
5459:. Loc.gov
5194:(2004) .
4809:0964-6906
4768:161735451
4760:0003-598X
4740:Antiquity
4639:cite book
4413:Geography
4251:Tokyo Bay
4227:Seram Sea
4209:Bohol Sea
4179:Bohai Sea
4095:Banda Sea
4035:Coral Sea
4005:Vancouver
3980:Singapore
3960:San Diego
3925:Melbourne
3900:Kaohsiung
3880:Hong Kong
3865:Guangzhou
3855:Cebu City
3709:In 2020,
3674:dead zone
3600:shellfish
3592:swordfish
3549:petroleum
3482:volcanism
3206:Cape Horn
2975:Polynesia
2944:Greenland
2913:Polynesia
2909:Melanesia
2547:Singapore
2374:Nicaragua
2242:Indonesia
2228:Hong Kong
2202:Guatemala
2004:Australia
1936:volcanoes
1799:Coral Sea
1732:south of
1686:Antarctic
1679:Polynesia
1675:Melanesia
1633:Geography
1576:Tuscarora
1407:Polynesia
1308:Marshalls
1292:Marquesas
1209:Cape Horn
1149:, to the
1128:New World
1083:Marquesas
1071:Polynesia
1059:Carolines
999:Indonesia
934:Neolithic
861:Sundaland
849:East Asia
834:catamaran
793:seamounts
785:volcanoes
777:Australia
758:Seram Sea
716:Bohai Sea
638:Timor Sea
626:Banda Sea
560:Coral Sea
480:Etymology
474:Coral Sea
358:into the
184:Earth's
84:0°N 160°W
8809:Tasmania
8757:Hispanic
8620:Northern
8567:Germanic
8545:Atlantic
8487:Southern
8448:Northern
8414:Caucasus
8350:Dead Sea
8321:Caucasus
8289:Southern
8282:Maritime
8277:Mainland
8250:Northern
8231:Far East
8190:Aral Sea
8113:Southern
8057:Northern
7813:NOAA TAO
7673:(1911).
7325:22 March
7268:22 March
7007:Archived
6983:ABC News
6945:31426149
6890:Archived
6865:Archived
6849:24043810
6456:Archived
6453:Monsoon.
6086:(2009).
5913:(1979).
5854:36029611
5770:Archived
5514:23 March
5489:23 March
5463:20 April
5166:| url =
5078:(1999).
5015:23 March
5009:Archived
4955:33753512
4871:29838345
4863:19164742
4817:33481023
4717:Archived
4676:Archived
4513:cite web
4298:See also
4203:Savu Sea
4197:Bali Sea
4191:Koro Sea
4131:Sulu Sea
4113:Java Sea
4015:Yokohama
3975:Shanghai
3955:Portland
3935:Nakhodka
3885:Honolulu
3870:Haiphong
3835:Auckland
3830:Acapulco
3646:Hawaiian
3584:sardines
3535:and the
3525:seamount
3313:typhoons
3138:Salinity
3075:Colombia
2997:and the
2933:Kiribati
2897:Kiribati
2746:(France)
2599:Thailand
2295:Malaysia
2268:Kiribati
2215:Honduras
2082:Colombia
2030:Cambodia
1944:Tsunamis
1849:and the
1819:Sulu Sea
1779:; 5,966
1750:158°45′W
1730:Kiribati
1726:Colombia
1718:Ross Sea
1565:aboard;
1549:Growing
1482:Ortelius
1389:and the
1381:and the
1355:Tasmania
1327:Pitcairn
1310:and the
1284:Acapulco
1205:Pacífico
1124:Americas
1095:Americas
1091:Rapa Nui
1067:Kiribati
1009:and the
1003:Malaysia
880:Negritos
781:Americas
779:and the
740:Savu Sea
734:Bali Sea
728:Koro Sea
674:Sulu Sea
650:Java Sea
362:and the
346:and the
326:and the
318:and the
309:Americas
229:Atlantic
9407:Oceania
9010:Oceania
8998:by area
8954:America
8931:Islands
8781:Oceania
8650:Midwest
8605:Central
8572:Romance
8540:Western
8409:Balkans
8404:Eastern
8399:Central
8367:Mashriq
8311:Western
8255:Siberia
8207:Eastern
8185:Central
8118:Western
8091:Central
8067:Mashriq
8062:Maghreb
8052:Saharan
7998:America
7991:Eurasia
7863:regions
7816:El Niño
7556:(2015).
7320:1611130
7203:Science
6917:Bibcode
6840:3791778
6817:Bibcode
6486:25 July
6437:30 June
6257:"Nauru"
6036:6 April
5832:Bibcode
5746:18 July
5662:Pub. L.
5581:4070183
5559:Bibcode
5417:2506024
5326:305–307
5005:Science
4946:8020671
4923:Bibcode
4843:Bibcode
4835:Science
4604:8 April
4574::
4477:8 April
4425:Weather
4401:Ecology
4363:Portals
3990:Tianjin
3970:Seattle
3940:Oakland
3905:Keelung
3890:Jakarta
3840:Bangkok
3687:Mars 96
3670:hypoxia
3588:snapper
3576:herring
3567:Fishing
3543:Economy
3501:Rodinia
3340:Geology
3288:monsoon
3281:La Niña
3277:El Niño
3230:La Niña
3226:El Niño
3216:Climate
3161:by the
3055:Makatea
3019:Tuamotu
2987:Tokelau
2960:Vanuatu
2691:Vietnam
2678:Vanuatu
2638:Tokelau
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