1245:
1477:, the main difference being that the available candidates, either nominated or "written in" outside of the committee's choices, are then voted into office by the membership. It is a part of governance methods often employed by corporate bodies, business entities, and social and sporting groups, especially clubs. The intention is that they be made up of qualified and knowledgeable people representing the best interests of the membership. In the case of business entities, their directors will often be brought in from outside, and receive a benefit for their expertise.
762:
1531:(also working, select, or ad hoc committee) is established to accomplish a particular task or to oversee a specific area in need of control or oversight. Many are research or coordination committees in type or purpose and are temporary. Some are a sub-group of a larger society with a particular area of interest which are organized to meet and discuss matters pertaining to their interests. For example; a group of astronomers might be organized to discuss how to get the larger society to address
591:
1470:(or nominations committee) is a group formed for the purpose of nominating candidates for office or the board in an organization. It may consist of members from inside the organization. Sometimes a governance committee takes the role of a nominating committee. Depending on the organization, this committee may be empowered to actively seek out candidates or may only have the power to receive nominations from members and verify that the candidates are eligible.
960:, a motion to recommit can be made with or without instructions. If the motion is made without instructions, the bill or resolution is simply sent back to the committee. If the motion is made with instructions and the motion is agreed to, the chairman of the committee in question will immediately report the bill or resolution back to the whole House with the new language. In this sense, a motion to recommit with instructions is effectively an amendment.
2737:
633:
841:
discharge the committee of the matter so that the assembly can handle it. Also, if members of the committee are not performing their duties, they may be removed or replaced by the appointing power. Whether the committee continues to exist after presenting its report depends on the type of committee. Generally, committees established by the
1236:
over a particular area of business by the governing documents. Standing committees meet on a regular or irregular basis depending on their function, and retain any power or oversight originally given them until subsequent official actions of the governing body (through changes to law or by-laws) disbands the committee.
676:
organization who otherwise would not have a good way to share information and coordinate actions. They may have the advantage of widening viewpoints and sharing out responsibilities. They can also be appointed with experts to recommend actions in matters that require specialized knowledge or technical judgment.
1235:
is a subunit of a political or deliberative body established in a permanent fashion to aid the parent assembly in accomplishing its duties, for example by meeting on a specific, permanent policy domain (e.g. defence, health, or trade and industry). A standing committee is granted its scope and powers
941:
A motion to commit should specify to which committee the matter is to be referred, and if the committee is a special committee appointed specifically for purposes of the referred motion, it should also specify the number of committee members and the method of their selection, unless that is specified
828:
Minutes are a record of the decisions at meetings. They can be taken by a person designated as the secretary. For most organizations, committees are not required to keep formal minutes. However, some bodies require that committees take minutes, especially if the committees are public ones subject to
1447:
Examples of standing committees in organizations are; an audit committee, an elections committee, a finance committee, a fundraising committee, a governance committee, and a program committee. Typically, the standing committees perform their work throughout the year and present their reports at the
1145:
in charge of respective directorates within the organization. However formed, an executive committee only has such powers and authority that the governing documents of the organization give it. In some cases, it may be empowered to act on behalf of the board or organization, while in others, it may
840:
When the committee completes its work, it provides the results in a report to its parent body. The report may include the methods used, the facts uncovered, the conclusions reached, and any recommendations. If the committee is not ready to report, it may provide a partial report or the assembly may
800:
When a committee is formed in a formal situation, such as committees in legislatures or for corporate bodies with by-laws, a chairman (or "chair" or "chairperson") is designated for the committee. Sometimes a vice-chairman (or similar name) is also appointed. It is common for the committee chairman
1480:
In the context of nominations for awards, a nominating committee can also be formed for the purpose of nominating persons or things held up for judgment by others as to their comparative quality or value, especially for the purpose of bestowing awards in the arts, or in application to industry's
1180:. Unless one chamber decides to accept the other's original bill, the compromise version must pass both chambers after leaving the conference committee. This committee is usually composed of the senior members of the standing committees that originally considered the legislation in each chamber.
675:
or other organization may form a committee (or "commission") consisting of one or more persons to assist with the work of the assembly. For larger organizations, much work is done in committees. They can be a way to formally draw together people of relevant expertise from different parts of an
655:
or other form of organization. A committee may not itself be considered to be a form of assembly or a decision making body. Usually, an assembly or organization sends matters to a committee as a way to explore them more fully than would be possible if the whole assembly or organization were
1535:. A subgroup of engineers and scientists of a large project's development team could be organized to solve some particular issue with offsetting considerations and trade-offs. Once the committee makes its final report to its parent body, the special committee ceases to exist.
976:), the motion to commit has three variations which do not turn a question over to a smaller group, but simply permit the assembly's full meeting body to consider it with the greater freedom of debate that is allowed to committees. These forms are to go into a
691:
In organizations considered too large for all the members to participate in decisions affecting the organization as a whole, a smaller body, such as a board of directors, is given the power to make decisions, spend money, or take actions. A
739:
by sending sensitive, inconvenient, or irrelevant matters to committees, organizations may bypass, stall, or disacknowledge matters without declaring a formal policy of inaction or indifference. However, this could be considered a
836:
Committees may meet on a regular basis, such as weekly or more often, or meetings may be called irregularly as the need arises. The frequency of the meetings depends on the work of the committee and the needs of the parent body.
766:
1508:. The functions of the committee might include building a business case for the project, planning, providing assistance and guidance, monitoring the progress, controlling the project scope and resolving conflicts.
1133:, to handle its business. The executive committee may function more like a board than an actual committee. In any case, an executive committee can only be established through a specific provision in the charter or
808:
The chairman is responsible for running meetings. Duties include keeping the discussion on the appropriate subject, recognizing members to speak, and confirming what the committee has decided (through voting or by
899:
Yes, if a committee has not begun consideration of the question. A negative vote on this motion can be reconsidered only until such time as progress in business or debate has made it essentially a new question.
1627:
702:
A large body may have smaller committees with more specialized functions. Examples are an audit committee, an elections committee, a finance committee, a fundraising committee, and a program committee. Large
824:
if it is clear what is being discussed). The level of formality depends on the size and type of committee, in which sometimes larger committees considering crucial issues may require more formal processes.
1102:, the assembly that has referred a motion or a matter to a committee may, by a majority vote, withdraw it at any time from the committee, refer it to another committee, or decide the question itself.
948:
Once referred, but before the committee reports its recommendations back to the assembly, the referred motion may be removed from the committee's consideration by the motion to discharge a committee.
1728:
1439:
greatly reduced the number of committees, and set up the legislative committee structure still in use today, as modified by authorized changes via the orderly mechanism of rule changes.
2470:
2087:
1592:
1129:(such as international labor unions, large corporations with thousands of stockholders or national and international organizations) may have a smaller body of the board, called an
2764:
1083:, if the committee has failed to report at the prescribed time or if the assembly is considering a partial report of the committee. Otherwise, it requires a majority vote with
888:
Yes, although debate on the motion must be confined to its merits only, and cannot go into the main question except as necessary for debate of the immediately pending question.
753:
Generally, committees are required to report to their parent body. They do not usually have the power to act independently unless the body that created it gives it such power.
2521:
1551:. Committees that have a large workload may form subcommittees to further divide the work. Subcommittees report to the parent committee and not to the general assembly.
1319:
980:, to go into a quasi-committee of the whole, and to consider informally. Passing any of these motions removes the limitations on the number of times a member can speak.
1183:
Other countries that use conference committees include France, Germany, Japan, and
Switzerland. In Canada, conference committees have been unused since 1947. In the
1076:
is used to take a matter out of a committee's hands before the committee has made a final report on it. A committee can use this motion to discharge a subcommittee.
1137:
of the entity (i.e. a board cannot appoint an executive committee without authorization to do so). Members of the executive committee may be elected by the overall
1331:
1309:
1005:
717:
Committees may be formed to do research and make recommendations on a potential or planned project or change. For example, an organization considering a major
2647:
1314:
2364:
1294:
721:
might create a temporary working committee of several people to review options and make recommendations to upper management or the board of directors.
2502:
2218:
805:
or other means if committee members are not able to attend in person, as may be the case if they are in different parts of the country or the world.
1740:
1169:
1390:
1244:
1647:
1632:
1400:
1279:
1223:, that the organization puts together. These committees that are responsible for organizing such events may be called "conference committees".
1452:
of the organization. These committees continue to exist after presenting their reports, although the membership in the committees may change.
656:
considering them. Committees may have different functions and their types of work differ depending on the type of organization and its needs.
2711:
2073:"Why the Conference Procedure Remains the Preferred Method for Resolving Disputes Between the Two Houses of the South Australian Parliament"
2072:
845:
or the organization's rules continue to exist, while committees formed for a particular purpose go out of existence after the final report.
2639:
2450:
1622:
982:
945:
Any proposed amendments to the main motion that are pending at the time the motion is referred to a committee go to the committee as well.
1415:
1219:
In organizations, the term "conference committee" may have a different meaning. This meaning may be associated with the conferences, or
2661:
696:
is formed as a separate committee to review the performance of the board and board policy as well as nominate candidates for the board.
619:
1260:
Most governmental legislative committees are standing committees. This phrase is used in the legislatures of the following countries:
2427:
2389:
2336:
2316:
1353:
1642:
1600:
2485:
1520:
2510:
2460:
2301:
1493:
is a committee that provides guidance, direction and control to a project within an organization. The term is derived from the
1436:
1428:
1173:
957:
830:
2690:
2281:
2261:
2246:
2211:
2157:
1826:
1696:
1652:
1211:
still regularly appoints a "Conference of
Managers" from each House to negotiate compromises on disputed bills in private.
1188:
2668:
1637:
1012:
2498:
2241:
2506:
2697:
2494:
2025:
1895:
1092:
487:
2417:
1269:
2794:
2789:
2612:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2204:
1617:
1034:
1023:
1000:
882:
871:
859:
821:
93:
2397:
1816:
2654:
2531:
2379:
1141:
membership or by the board, depending on the rules of the organization, and usually consist of the CEO and the
612:
482:
260:
108:
2556:
2402:
2050:
1569:". This is not an actual committee but a procedural device that is more commonly used in legislative bodies.
1208:
1200:
497:
2769:
2704:
1511:
As with other committees, the specific duties and role of the steering committee vary among organizations.
1343:
1284:
1252:
committees, the Social Policy and Family
Committee, and the Education, Science and Youth Committee, in the
741:
246:
78:
49:
986:
has informal consideration, but does not have "committee of the whole" or "quasi committee of the whole".
2759:
2546:
1481:
products and services. The objective being to update, set, and maintain high and possibly new standards.
1299:
1207:
at a second reading. Although the practice has fallen out of favour in other
Australian Parliaments, the
1045:
893:
550:
727:
A committee on discipline may be used to handle disciplinary procedures for members of the organization.
2631:
2475:
2407:
2359:
1686:
1363:
83:
54:
20:
2306:
771:
605:
210:
2602:
2465:
325:
215:
2622:
2589:
2445:
2227:
2042:
1424:
1380:
1375:
1253:
1196:
927:
255:
711:
are usually organized by a coordinating committee drawn from the membership of the organization.
2490:
2455:
1566:
1560:
1501:
1449:
1192:
977:
815:
492:
434:
380:
2015:
2779:
2674:
2344:
2251:
1405:
672:
652:
312:
145:
2579:
2412:
1432:
1220:
1177:
785:
704:
422:
293:
283:
268:
195:
113:
8:
2774:
2723:
2276:
1338:
1204:
1163:
708:
534:
444:
298:
200:
150:
88:
1595:. The committee was elected by the party congress and led party activities, elected the
2683:
2536:
1505:
1126:
1116:
718:
572:
165:
1565:
When the entire assembly meets as a committee to discuss or debate, this is called a "
793:
2784:
2736:
2574:
2564:
2369:
2326:
2153:
2021:
1822:
1692:
1584:
1578:
1532:
1474:
1461:
864:
810:
802:
637:
567:
241:
103:
98:
59:
32:
2607:
777:
736:
517:
273:
127:
2740:
2440:
1588:
1088:
1084:
595:
577:
402:
387:
2569:
2435:
2349:
1628:
Committee for the
Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice (Saudi Arabia)
1184:
1142:
1056:
904:
473:
392:
346:
288:
761:
2753:
2480:
1162:
legislature is responsible for creating a compromise version of a particular
1080:
397:
375:
350:
180:
2020:. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. pp. 178–179.
1832:
1500:
Project steering committees are frequently used for guiding and monitoring
1159:
915:
160:
2196:
1886:
1423:
Under the laws of the United States of
America, a standing committee is a
16:
Body of one or more persons that is subordinate to a deliberative assembly
2271:
820:(RONR), committees may follow informal procedures (such as not requiring
464:
429:
332:
320:
185:
938:) is used to refer another motion—usually a main motion—to a committee.
590:
2717:
554:
544:
539:
278:
140:
1736:
1596:
439:
337:
220:
175:
155:
801:
to organize its meetings. Sometimes these meetings are held through
2321:
1494:
1370:
1138:
1120:
632:
562:
522:
205:
190:
170:
39:
2597:
2374:
2311:
1497:
mechanism that changes the steering angle of a vehicle's wheels.
1326:
1264:
789:
477:
135:
2266:
1691:(11th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Da Capo Press. p. 489.
1612:
1544:
1134:
1040:
Yes; debate can go into question in the hands of the committee.
842:
527:
469:
367:
1821:(2nd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Da Capo Press. p. 162.
663:, which gives them the right to serve on a certain committee.
963:
2537:
Rescind, repeal, annul or amend something previously adopted
1320:
Politburo
Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
1249:
796:, at the left end of the table with his back to the camera.
2765:
Motions that bring a question again before the assembly
1332:
List of standing committees of the
Icelandic parliament
1006:
Motion that brings a question again before the assembly
1888:
The Motion to
Recommit in the House of Representatives
1203:
does not agree with a text amended and adopted by the
767:
Constitutional Law
Committee of the Finnish Parliament
2503:
Request for permission to withdraw or modify a motion
1587:" is the common designation of the highest organ of
1310:
Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
1170:
A conference committee in the United States Congress
2648:
Demeter's Manual of Parliamentary Law and Procedure
2471:
Motions relating to methods of voting and the polls
1315:
Special committee of the National People's Congress
1295:
List of committees of the Canadian House of Commons
1894:. Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service.
1729:"So You Need (to Improve) a Governance Committee?"
684:Committees can serve several different functions:
651:is a body of one or more persons subordinate to a
2751:
1166:when each house has passed a different version.
2152:(10 ed.). Pearson Education. p. 201.
1391:New Zealand House of Representatives committees
1818:Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised In Brief
1648:Standing Committees of the European Parliament
1633:Parliamentary committees of the United Kingdom
1401:Parliamentary committees of the United Kingdom
1280:Australian House of Representatives committees
2212:
2013:
1473:A nominating committee works similarly to an
1172:is a temporary panel of negotiators from the
1154:Governments at the national level may have a
659:A member of a legislature may be delegated a
613:
2640:The Standard Code of Parliamentary Procedure
2451:Objection to the consideration of a question
1973:The Standard Code of Parliamentary Procedure
1933:The Standard Code of Parliamentary Procedure
1726:
1623:List of the Czech Republic Senate committees
1504:projects in large organizations, as part of
1442:
1270:Standing Committees of the National Assembly
1100:The Standard Code of Parliamentary Procedure
983:The Standard Code of Parliamentary Procedure
2226:
2014:Tsebelis, George; Money, Jeannette (1997).
1416:Standing committee (United States Congress)
2712:Beauchesne's Parliamentary Rules and Forms
2541:
2219:
2205:
2141:
2001:
1845:
1815:Robert III, Henry M.; et al. (2011).
1814:
964:Variations for full assembly consideration
620:
606:
2317:Voting methods in deliberative assemblies
1727:Walker, Dick; Bauser, John (April 2012).
1554:
1643:Revolutionary committee (disambiguation)
1601:general secretary of the communist party
1243:
1214:
989:
792:in 1918. The chairman of the committee,
760:
631:
2662:Mason's Manual of Legislative Procedure
1521:Select committee (parliamentary system)
1455:
1149:
2752:
2461:Consideration by paragraph or seriatim
2187:
2175:
2147:
2135:
2123:
2111:
1989:
1959:
1944:
1919:
1872:
1860:
1797:
1785:
1773:
1761:
1714:
1684:Robert, Henry M.; et al. (2011).
1683:
1671:
1437:Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946
1429:United States House of Representatives
1146:only be able to make recommendations.
1110:
958:United States House of Representatives
748:
2632:Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised
2247:Principles of parliamentary procedure
2200:
2171:
2169:
2070:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1955:
1953:
1884:
1856:
1854:
1653:United States congressional committee
1484:
1226:
1070:Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised
970:Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised
636:Committee room, designed in 1901, in
2354:
2040:
1810:
1808:
1806:
1710:
1708:
1572:
1514:
756:
2669:Erskine May: Parliamentary Practice
1638:Popular Committees (disambiguation)
1191:, a similar committee is called a '
1013:In order when another has the floor
13:
2691:Odgers' Australian Senate Practice
2242:History of parliamentary procedure
2166:
1978:
1950:
1901:from the original on 28 March 2016
1885:Lynch, Megan S. (6 January 2016).
1851:
1547:of a larger committee is called a
848:
14:
2806:
2698:House of Representatives Practice
2486:Request to be excused from a duty
2093:from the original on 1 April 2018
2080:Australasian Parliamentary Review
1803:
1705:
1677:
1093:majority of the entire membership
488:Biology and political orientation
2735:
2418:Fix the time to which to adjourn
2365:Limit or extend limits of debate
2043:"Reviving Conference Committees"
1618:List of IEC technical committees
589:
2511:Request for any other privilege
2476:Motions relating to nominations
2181:
2129:
2117:
2105:
2064:
2034:
2007:
1995:
1971:Sturgis, Alice (2001).
1965:
1938:
1931:Sturgis, Alice (2001).
1925:
1913:
1878:
1866:
1839:
1538:
1354:Legislative Council (Hong Kong)
1239:
699:Coordination and administration
2398:Call for the orders of the day
2150:Management Information Systems
2041:Hays, Hon. Dan (Autumn 2008).
1791:
1779:
1767:
1755:
1720:
1665:
1427:permanently authorized by the
1158:. A conference committee in a
483:Theories of political behavior
109:Political history of the world
1:
2522:Motions that bring a question
2403:Raise a question of privilege
2051:Canadian Parliamentary Review
1658:
1209:Parliament of South Australia
498:Critique of political economy
2655:Riddick's Rules of Procedure
1935:, 4th ed., p. 232, 233, 236
1344:Committees of the Oireachtas
1285:Australian Senate committees
995:Discharge a committee (RONR)
714:Research and recommendations
679:
79:Outline of political science
7:
1606:
1300:Standing committee (Canada)
1125:Organizations with a large
951:
10:
2811:
2360:Postpone to a certain time
1576:
1558:
1518:
1459:
1364:Standing committee (India)
1114:
732:As a tactic for indecision
666:
84:Index of politics articles
21:Committee (disambiguation)
18:
2733:
2705:Bourinot's Rules of Order
2623:Parliamentary authorities
2621:
2588:
2555:
2524:again before the assembly
2520:
2426:
2388:
2335:
2234:
1443:Examples in organizations
1199:negotiations in case the
1195:', which carries out the
1055:
1044:
1033:
1022:
1011:
999:
914:
903:
892:
881:
870:
858:
2603:Declare the chair vacant
2466:Division of the assembly
1174:House of Representatives
1105:
2795:Political communication
2790:Parliamentary procedure
2590:Disciplinary procedures
2499:Request for information
2228:Parliamentary procedure
1687:Robert's Rules of Order
1425:Congressional committee
1381:Dewan Negara committees
1376:Dewan Rakyat committees
1079:The vote required is a
928:parliamentary procedure
493:Political organisations
256:International relations
94:Politics by subdivision
2557:Legislative procedures
2507:Request to read papers
2491:Requests and inquiries
2456:Division of a question
1567:committee of the whole
1561:Committee of the whole
1555:Committee of the whole
1543:A committee that is a
1257:
1193:Conciliation Committee
978:committee of the whole
816:Roberts Rules of Order
797:
782:Perustuslakivaliokunta
781:
640:
2542:Discharge a committee
2495:Parliamentary inquiry
2345:Postpone indefinitely
2252:Deliberative assembly
1406:Public bill committee
1248:Joint meeting of two
1247:
1215:Different use of term
1074:discharge a committee
990:Discharge a committee
764:
673:deliberative assembly
653:deliberative assembly
635:
573:Political campaigning
313:Public administration
146:Collective leadership
2580:Recall of Parliament
2071:Crump, Rick (2007).
1468:nominating committee
1456:Nominating committee
1433:United States Senate
1156:conference committee
1150:Conference committee
786:House of the Estates
709:academic conferences
694:governance committee
661:committee assignment
423:Separation of powers
294:Political psychology
269:Comparative politics
247:political scientists
234:Academic disciplines
114:Political philosophy
19:For other uses, see
2770:Human communication
2724:ABC of Chairmanship
2532:Take from the table
1205:European Parliament
1189:legislative process
1131:executive committee
1111:Executive committee
1046:May be reconsidered
996:
894:May be reconsidered
855:
749:Power and authority
596:Politics portal
445:Election commission
416:Government branches
299:Political sociology
151:Confessional system
89:Politics by country
2760:Subsidiary motions
2684:Lex Parliamentaria
2428:Incidental motions
2390:Privileged motions
2337:Subsidiary motions
1947:, pp. 310–311
1835:on 16 August 2017.
1533:near Earth objects
1506:project governance
1491:steering committee
1485:Steering committee
1258:
1233:standing committee
1227:Standing committee
1127:board of directors
1117:Board of directors
1051:Negative vote only
994:
853:
798:
719:capital investment
641:
279:Political analysis
211:Semi-parliamentary
2747:
2746:
2575:Motion to pass on
2565:Call of the house
2446:Suspend the rules
2370:Previous question
2327:Unanimous consent
2307:Order of business
2159:978-81-317-1949-7
1975:, 4th ed., p. 57
1828:978-0-306-82019-9
1698:978-0-306-82020-5
1589:communist parties
1585:Central Committee
1579:Central Committee
1573:Central Committee
1529:special committee
1515:Special committee
1475:electoral college
1462:Supervisory board
1066:
1065:
924:
923:
865:Subsidiary motion
831:open meeting laws
811:unanimous consent
803:videoconferencing
757:Formal procedures
638:Halifax Town Hall
630:
629:
578:Political parties
518:Electoral systems
242:Political science
216:Semi-presidential
128:Political systems
104:Political history
99:Political economy
2802:
2739:
2643:(TSC or Sturgis)
2380:Lay on the table
2221:
2214:
2207:
2198:
2197:
2191:
2185:
2179:
2173:
2164:
2163:
2145:
2139:
2133:
2127:
2121:
2115:
2109:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2092:
2077:
2068:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2038:
2032:
2031:
2011:
2005:
1999:
1993:
1987:
1976:
1969:
1963:
1957:
1948:
1942:
1936:
1929:
1923:
1917:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1900:
1893:
1882:
1876:
1870:
1864:
1858:
1849:
1843:
1837:
1836:
1831:. Archived from
1812:
1801:
1795:
1789:
1783:
1777:
1771:
1765:
1759:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1739:. Archived from
1724:
1718:
1712:
1703:
1702:
1681:
1675:
1669:
1072:, the motion to
997:
993:
930:, the motion to
856:
852:
775:
737:public relations
622:
615:
608:
594:
593:
384:
329:
284:Political theory
274:Election science
264:
250:
28:
27:
2810:
2809:
2805:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2800:
2799:
2750:
2749:
2748:
2743:
2741:Politics portal
2729:
2617:
2584:
2551:
2523:
2516:
2422:
2384:
2331:
2230:
2225:
2195:
2194:
2186:
2182:
2174:
2167:
2160:
2148:Mcleod (2008).
2146:
2142:
2134:
2130:
2122:
2118:
2110:
2106:
2096:
2094:
2090:
2075:
2069:
2065:
2055:
2053:
2039:
2035:
2028:
2012:
2008:
2002:Robert III 2011
2000:
1996:
1988:
1979:
1970:
1966:
1958:
1951:
1943:
1939:
1930:
1926:
1918:
1914:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1891:
1883:
1879:
1871:
1867:
1859:
1852:
1846:Robert III 2011
1844:
1840:
1829:
1813:
1804:
1796:
1792:
1784:
1780:
1772:
1768:
1760:
1756:
1746:
1744:
1743:on 25 June 2017
1725:
1721:
1713:
1706:
1699:
1682:
1678:
1670:
1666:
1661:
1609:
1581:
1575:
1563:
1557:
1541:
1523:
1517:
1487:
1464:
1458:
1445:
1397:United Kingdom
1242:
1229:
1217:
1152:
1143:Vice Presidents
1123:
1113:
1108:
1089:two-thirds vote
1085:previous notice
1024:Requires second
992:
966:
954:
942:in the bylaws.
872:Requires second
851:
849:Commit (motion)
794:K. J. StĂĄhlberg
769:
765:Meeting of the
759:
751:
742:dilatory tactic
682:
669:
626:
588:
583:
582:
513:
512:
503:
502:
460:
459:
450:
449:
418:
417:
408:
407:
403:Public interest
388:Domestic policy
378:
371:
370:
359:
358:
323:
316:
315:
304:
303:
265:
258:
251:
244:
236:
235:
226:
225:
131:
130:
119:
118:
74:
73:
64:
33:Politics series
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2808:
2798:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2745:
2744:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2727:
2720:
2715:
2708:
2701:
2694:
2687:
2680:
2672:
2665:
2658:
2651:
2644:
2636:
2627:
2625:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2594:
2592:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2561:
2559:
2553:
2552:
2550:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2528:
2526:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2514:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2436:Point of order
2432:
2430:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2394:
2392:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2341:
2339:
2333:
2332:
2330:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2238:
2236:
2235:Major concepts
2232:
2231:
2224:
2223:
2216:
2209:
2201:
2193:
2192:
2180:
2165:
2158:
2140:
2128:
2116:
2104:
2086:(2): 120–136.
2063:
2033:
2026:
2006:
1994:
1977:
1964:
1949:
1937:
1924:
1912:
1877:
1865:
1850:
1838:
1827:
1802:
1790:
1778:
1766:
1754:
1719:
1704:
1697:
1676:
1663:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1608:
1605:
1593:two congresses
1577:Main article:
1574:
1571:
1559:Main article:
1556:
1553:
1540:
1537:
1516:
1513:
1486:
1483:
1457:
1454:
1450:annual meeting
1444:
1441:
1421:
1420:
1419:
1418:
1412:United States
1410:
1409:
1408:
1403:
1395:
1394:
1393:
1385:
1384:
1383:
1378:
1368:
1367:
1366:
1358:
1357:
1356:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1336:
1335:
1334:
1324:
1323:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1304:
1303:
1302:
1297:
1289:
1288:
1287:
1282:
1274:
1273:
1272:
1241:
1238:
1228:
1225:
1216:
1213:
1185:European Union
1151:
1148:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1064:
1063:
1060:
1053:
1052:
1049:
1042:
1041:
1038:
1031:
1030:
1027:
1020:
1019:
1016:
1009:
1008:
1003:
991:
988:
965:
962:
953:
950:
922:
921:
918:
912:
911:
908:
901:
900:
897:
890:
889:
886:
879:
878:
875:
868:
867:
862:
850:
847:
758:
755:
750:
747:
746:
745:
735:As a means of
733:
729:
728:
725:
722:
715:
712:
700:
697:
689:
681:
678:
668:
665:
628:
627:
625:
624:
617:
610:
602:
599:
598:
585:
584:
581:
580:
575:
570:
565:
560:
559:
558:
542:
537:
532:
531:
530:
520:
514:
510:
509:
508:
505:
504:
501:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
467:
461:
458:Related topics
457:
456:
455:
452:
451:
448:
447:
442:
437:
432:
426:
425:
419:
415:
414:
413:
410:
409:
406:
405:
400:
395:
393:Foreign policy
390:
385:
372:
366:
365:
364:
361:
360:
357:
356:
355:
354:
340:
335:
330:
317:
311:
310:
309:
306:
305:
302:
301:
296:
291:
289:Policy studies
286:
281:
276:
271:
266:
254:
252:
240:
237:
233:
232:
231:
228:
227:
224:
223:
218:
213:
208:
203:
198:
193:
188:
183:
178:
173:
168:
163:
158:
153:
148:
143:
138:
132:
126:
125:
124:
121:
120:
117:
116:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
75:
72:Primary topics
71:
70:
69:
66:
65:
63:
62:
57:
52:
46:
43:
42:
36:
35:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2807:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2742:
2738:
2732:
2726:
2725:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2713:
2709:
2707:
2706:
2702:
2700:
2699:
2695:
2693:
2692:
2688:
2686:
2685:
2681:
2679:
2678:
2673:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2664:
2663:
2659:
2657:
2656:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2645:
2642:
2641:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2624:
2620:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2595:
2593:
2591:
2587:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2558:
2554:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2525:
2519:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2481:Prayer motion
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2429:
2425:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2387:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2342:
2340:
2338:
2334:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2222:
2217:
2215:
2210:
2208:
2203:
2202:
2199:
2190:, p. 497
2189:
2184:
2178:, p. 492
2177:
2172:
2170:
2161:
2155:
2151:
2144:
2138:, p. 433
2137:
2132:
2126:, p. 502
2125:
2120:
2114:, p. 491
2113:
2108:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2074:
2067:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2037:
2029:
2027:9780521589727
2023:
2019:
2018:
2010:
2004:, p. 157
2003:
1998:
1992:, p. 485
1991:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1974:
1968:
1962:, p. 312
1961:
1956:
1954:
1946:
1941:
1934:
1928:
1922:, p. 168
1921:
1916:
1897:
1890:
1889:
1881:
1875:, p. 171
1874:
1869:
1863:, p. 177
1862:
1857:
1855:
1848:, p. 164
1847:
1842:
1834:
1830:
1824:
1820:
1819:
1811:
1809:
1807:
1800:, p. 176
1799:
1794:
1788:, p. 175
1787:
1782:
1776:, p. 172
1775:
1770:
1764:, p. 669
1763:
1758:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1733:guidestar.org
1730:
1723:
1717:, p. 490
1716:
1711:
1709:
1700:
1694:
1690:
1689:Newly Revised
1688:
1680:
1674:, p. 489
1673:
1668:
1664:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1610:
1604:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1580:
1570:
1568:
1562:
1552:
1550:
1546:
1536:
1534:
1530:
1525:
1522:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1503:
1498:
1496:
1492:
1482:
1478:
1476:
1471:
1469:
1463:
1453:
1451:
1440:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1417:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1386:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1369:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1352:
1351:
1349:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1340:
1337:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1261:
1255:
1251:
1246:
1237:
1234:
1224:
1222:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1181:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1147:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1122:
1118:
1103:
1101:
1096:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1081:majority vote
1077:
1075:
1071:
1061:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1002:
998:
987:
985:
984:
979:
975:
971:
961:
959:
949:
946:
943:
939:
937:
933:
929:
919:
917:
916:Vote required
913:
909:
906:
902:
898:
895:
891:
887:
884:
880:
876:
873:
869:
866:
863:
861:
857:
854:Commit (RONR)
846:
844:
838:
834:
832:
826:
823:
819:
818:Newly Revised
817:
812:
806:
804:
795:
791:
788:in Helsinki,
787:
783:
779:
773:
768:
763:
754:
743:
738:
734:
731:
730:
726:
723:
720:
716:
713:
710:
706:
701:
698:
695:
690:
687:
686:
685:
677:
674:
664:
662:
657:
654:
650:
646:
639:
634:
623:
618:
616:
611:
609:
604:
603:
601:
600:
597:
592:
587:
586:
579:
576:
574:
571:
569:
566:
564:
561:
556:
552:
548:
547:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
529:
526:
525:
524:
521:
519:
516:
515:
507:
506:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
475:
471:
468:
466:
463:
462:
454:
453:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
427:
424:
421:
420:
412:
411:
404:
401:
399:
398:Civil society
396:
394:
391:
389:
386:
382:
377:
376:Public policy
374:
373:
369:
363:
362:
352:
348:
344:
343:
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
327:
322:
319:
318:
314:
308:
307:
300:
297:
295:
292:
290:
287:
285:
282:
280:
277:
275:
272:
270:
267:
262:
257:
253:
248:
243:
239:
238:
230:
229:
222:
219:
217:
214:
212:
209:
207:
204:
202:
199:
197:
196:Parliamentary
194:
192:
189:
187:
184:
182:
181:Hybrid regime
179:
177:
174:
172:
169:
167:
164:
162:
159:
157:
154:
152:
149:
147:
144:
142:
139:
137:
134:
133:
129:
123:
122:
115:
112:
110:
107:
105:
102:
100:
97:
95:
92:
90:
87:
85:
82:
80:
77:
76:
68:
67:
61:
58:
56:
53:
51:
48:
47:
45:
44:
41:
38:
37:
34:
30:
29:
26:
22:
2780:Legislatures
2722:
2710:
2703:
2696:
2689:
2682:
2676:
2675:Jefferson's
2667:
2660:
2653:
2646:
2638:
2630:
2256:
2183:
2149:
2143:
2131:
2119:
2107:
2095:. Retrieved
2083:
2079:
2066:
2054:. Retrieved
2046:
2036:
2017:Bicameralism
2016:
2009:
1997:
1972:
1967:
1940:
1932:
1927:
1915:
1903:. Retrieved
1887:
1880:
1868:
1841:
1833:the original
1817:
1793:
1781:
1769:
1757:
1745:. Retrieved
1741:the original
1732:
1722:
1685:
1679:
1667:
1582:
1564:
1549:subcommittee
1548:
1542:
1539:Subcommittee
1528:
1526:
1524:
1510:
1499:
1490:
1488:
1479:
1472:
1467:
1465:
1446:
1422:
1387:New Zealand
1259:
1254:Sejm complex
1240:Legislatures
1232:
1230:
1218:
1182:
1168:
1155:
1153:
1130:
1124:
1099:
1097:
1078:
1073:
1069:
1067:
981:
973:
969:
967:
955:
947:
944:
940:
935:
931:
925:
839:
835:
827:
814:
807:
799:
752:
693:
683:
670:
660:
658:
648:
644:
642:
326:street-level
201:Presidential
161:Dictatorship
31:Part of the
25:
2302:Main motion
2282:Recognition
2188:Robert 2011
2176:Robert 2011
2136:Robert 2011
2124:Robert 2011
2112:Robert 2011
2097:21 February
2056:21 December
1990:Robert 2011
1960:Robert 2011
1945:Robert 2011
1920:Robert 2011
1873:Robert 2011
1861:Robert 2011
1798:Robert 2011
1786:Robert 2011
1774:Robert 2011
1762:Robert 2011
1747:17 December
1715:Robert 2011
1672:Robert 2011
1435:rules. The
1221:conventions
770: [
705:conventions
465:Sovereignty
430:Legislature
333:Technocracy
321:Bureaucracy
186:Meritocracy
166:Directorial
2775:Committees
2754:Categories
2718:Morin code
2547:Reconsider
2047:revparl.ca
1905:31 January
1659:References
1519:See also:
1460:See also:
1350:Hong Kong
1276:Australia
1139:franchised
1115:See also:
724:Discipline
688:Governance
649:commission
555:Governance
545:Government
540:Federalism
141:City-state
2257:Committee
1737:GuideStar
1597:politburo
1160:bicameral
1057:Amendable
1035:Debatable
905:Amendable
883:Debatable
813:). Using
784:) at the
680:Functions
645:committee
535:Unitarism
523:Elections
511:Subseries
440:Judiciary
435:Executive
338:Adhocracy
221:Theocracy
176:Feudalism
156:Democracy
2785:Meetings
2322:Majority
2088:Archived
1896:Archived
1607:See also
1599:and the
1591:between
1495:steering
1371:Malaysia
1256:in 2018.
1197:Trilogue
1176:and the
1121:Vorstand
952:Recommit
920:Majority
563:Ideology
381:doctrine
342:Service
206:Republic
191:Monarchy
171:Federacy
60:Category
40:Politics
2608:Impeach
2598:Censure
2413:Adjourn
2375:Cloture
2312:Minutes
2262:Session
1339:Ireland
1327:Iceland
1291:Canada
1265:Armenia
1201:Council
1091:; or a
956:In the
822:motions
790:Finland
778:Finnish
667:Purpose
568:Culture
478:Country
136:Anarchy
50:Outline
2677:Manual
2635:(RONR)
2613:Naming
2441:Appeal
2408:Recess
2355:Commit
2297:Debate
2292:Second
2287:Motion
2267:Quorum
2156:
2024:
1825:
1695:
1613:Caucus
1545:subset
1360:India
1306:China
1178:Senate
1135:bylaws
1098:Under
932:commit
843:bylaws
528:voting
470:Polity
368:Policy
347:Public
261:theory
2570:Hoist
2350:Amend
2277:Floor
2272:Chair
2091:(PDF)
2076:(PDF)
1899:(PDF)
1892:(PDF)
1187:(EU)
1106:Types
1001:Class
936:refer
860:Class
774:]
551:forms
474:State
351:Civil
55:Index
2154:ISBN
2099:2021
2058:2015
2022:ISBN
1907:2018
1823:ISBN
1749:2015
1693:ISBN
1431:and
1250:Sejm
1164:bill
1119:and
1087:; a
974:RONR
934:(or
1068:In
1062:Yes
1029:Yes
968:In
926:In
910:Yes
877:Yes
707:or
647:or
2756::
2509:,
2505:,
2501:,
2497:,
2168:^
2084:22
2082:.
2078:.
2049:.
2045:.
1980:^
1952:^
1853:^
1805:^
1735:.
1731:.
1707:^
1603:.
1527:A
1502:IT
1489:A
1466:A
1231:A
1095:.
1018:No
833:.
780::
772:fi
671:A
643:A
553:/
476:/
472:/
349:/
2513:)
2493:(
2220:e
2213:t
2206:v
2162:.
2101:.
2060:.
2030:.
1909:.
1751:.
1701:.
1583:"
1059:?
1048:?
1037:?
1026:?
1015:?
972:(
907:?
896:?
885:?
874:?
776:(
744:.
621:e
614:t
607:v
557:)
549:(
383:)
379:(
353:)
345:(
328:)
324:(
263:)
259:(
249:)
245:(
23:.
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