1287:
1064:
429:
404:
109:
95:
390:
737:
Chamberlain. His official residence was in
Carpentras. He had no authority over Avignon, however, which was administered by a Cardinal Legate or a Vice-Legate, also appointed directly by the Pope. Gradually, however, the power of the Vice-Legate encroached on that of the Rector, until the Cardinal virtually held the position of a governor, and the Rector had the functions of a judge. In both cases their tenure was for a period of three years, renewable.
147:
138:
747:
The administration of the Comtat was in the hands of the
Estates of the Comtat, which consisted of the Ălu (a nobleman), the Bishop of Carpentras, the Bishop of Cavaillon, the Bishop of Vaison, and eighteen representatives of the three judicial districts into which the Comtat was divided. The Estates
740:
The Rector had the right to receive the feudal oaths of homage of all the papal vassals. He also had the right to receive the oaths of bishops who held property by virtue of their office which was in feudal tenure from the pope. The Rector named the
Notaries of the Comtat. He presided at the
736:
From 1294 to 1791 the chief administrator of the Comtat
Venaissin was the Rector, who was appointed directly by the Pope. Most of the incumbents were in fact prelates, either Archbishops or Bishops, and the Rector therefore had the right to wear a purple garb, similar to that of an Apostolic
741:
negotiation and payment of revenues of the
Apostolic Chamber. His court was the Supreme Court of the Comtat Venaissin, and he had both criminal and civil jurisdiction of the first instance, and appellate jurisdiction from the courts of the regular judges of the three judicial circuits.
751:
The
Apostolic Camera (Treasury of the Holy Roman Church) had a permanent office in Carpentras, with full jurisdiction in all financial matters concerning the rights of the Holy See in the Comtat. This included the obligations of bishops and other ecclesiastical persons to the papacy.
680:
Successive French rulers sought to annex the region to France. It was invaded by French troops in 1663, 1668 and 1768â1774 during disputes between the Crown and the Church. It was also subjected to trade and customs restrictions during the reigns of
632:
1030:
1597:
1052:
744:
The Rector was seconded by a Vice-Rector, named the
Lieutenant of the Rector, also a papal appointee. He had judicial powers similar to those of the Rector.
1587:
1557:
1060:
696:, under pressure from French revolutionaries, was held and the inhabitants voted for annexation by France. The process was facilitated by
1045:
108:
1562:
1552:
1286:
114:
1038:
999:
945:
911:
Histoire du gouvernement des
Recteurs pontificaux dans le Comtat-Venaissin: D'aprĂšs les notes recueillies par Charles Cottier
805:
1452:
651:
were joined together to form a unified papal enclave geographically, though retaining their separate political identities.
1567:
574:
491:
853:
Notes sur la chronologie des vice-légats d'Avignon au XVIe siÚcle: extrait des Mémoires de l'Académie de
Vaucluse
1513:
659:
578:
658:, making life in the Comtat considerably more attractive than under the French Crown. It became a haven for
94:
582:
594:
246:
1186:
1166:
590:
100:
17:
1592:
697:
1457:
1582:
1096:
926:
636:
556:
967:
1577:
1442:
1311:
795:
709:
422:
323:
1477:
1462:
1201:
1141:
733:
Under the Counts of
Toulouse, the chief officer of the Comtat Venaissin was the Seneschal.
1492:
718:
186:
8:
1266:
1216:
1196:
1111:
1068:
1023:
Histoire de la révolution d'Avignon et du Comté-Venaissin, en 1789 & années suivantes
682:
343:
309:
1447:
1306:
1086:
920:
686:
644:
610:
395:
294:
1572:
1136:
1072:
1063:
995:
941:
801:
670:
586:
504:
223:
220:
204:
922:
Histoire des protestants de Provence, comtat Venaissin et de la principauté d'Orange
1276:
1211:
674:
655:
469:
61:
1156:
1021:
1010:
989:
978:
956:
935:
909:
851:
841:
662:, who received better treatment under papal rule than in the rest of France. The
464:
190:
47:
1467:
1181:
1161:
546:
409:
75:
958:
Histoire des réunions temporaires d'Avignon et du Comtat Venaissin à la France
725:
for the southern half. The papacy did not recognise this formally until 1814.
1546:
1528:
1515:
1221:
1121:
969:
Dictionnaire géographique, historique et politique des Gaules et de la France
761:
617:
528:
485:
157:
1331:
1236:
1371:
1126:
606:
361:
233:
1386:
1381:
1366:
1361:
1336:
1151:
1421:
1261:
693:
663:
647:, Queen of Naples and Countess of Provence, in 1348, whereupon the two
625:
328:
274:
175:
846:(in Latin). Vol. Tomus primus. Paris: Coignard. pp. 841â850.
540:
146:
1472:
1346:
1341:
1226:
1191:
1091:
666:
217:
214:
669:, built in the 14th century, is the oldest in France, and until the
654:
The enclave's inhabitants did not pay taxes and were not subject to
1426:
1411:
1401:
1391:
1271:
1256:
1231:
1206:
1131:
705:
621:
602:
170:
137:
1116:
518:
1376:
1316:
1301:
1246:
1176:
1171:
1146:
722:
598:
534:
522:
508:
500:
289:
160:
940:. Published for the Littman Library by Oxford University Press.
1396:
1351:
1321:
1251:
1241:
1101:
972:(in French). Vol. Tome II. Amsterdam: Desaint et Saillant.
447:
1487:
1482:
1416:
1406:
1356:
1326:
1106:
701:
631:
194:
849:
843:
Gallia christiana, in provincias ecclesiasticas distributa
692:
Papal control continued until 1791, when an unauthorized
53:
838:
A list of the Legates and Vice-Legates can be found in:
797:
Clement VI: The Pontificate and Ideas of an Avignon Pope
620:
in 1274. The region was named after its former capital,
983:(in French). Vedene: Comptoir Général du Livre Occitan.
839:
565:, although this no longer has any political meaning.
965:
605:
on his death in 1271. Since this happened during an
1015:(in French). Carpentras: Imprimerie de D.G. Quenin.
976:
1012:Mémoire statistique sur le département de Vaucluse
991:Les juifs du Pape: Avignon et le Comtat Venaissin
1544:
1008:
800:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 47â50.
559:. The region is still known informally as the
1598:States and territories disestablished in 1791
1046:
560:
550:
538:
526:
512:
489:
478:
39:
994:(in French). Paris: Editions Albin Michel.
784:. New York, Fordham University Press, 1967.
476:; 'County of Venaissin'), often called the
67:
1558:States and territories established in 1274
1053:
1039:
793:
555:also bordered (and mostly surrounded) the
145:
136:
980:Le Comtat Venaissin pontifical: 1229-1791
954:
507:, comprising the area around the city of
27:Enclave of the Papal States within France
1019:
987:
977:Mouliérac-Lamoureux, Rose Leone (1977).
630:
537:located to the north around the town of
933:
14:
1545:
925:(in French). Paris: Grassart. p.
918:
488:from 1274 to 1791, in what is now the
1588:History of Provence-Alpes-CĂŽte d'Azur
1034:
907:
463:
914:(in French). Carpentras: Devillario.
850:Roger Vallentin Du Cheylard (1890).
573:In 1096, the Comtat was part of the
69:Pagus Vendascinus/Venuxini Comitatus
748:held their meetings at Carpentras.
624:, which was replaced as capital by
24:
643:Avignon was sold to the papacy by
115:Coat of arms of the Avignon Papacy
25:
1609:
1009:SĂ©guin de Pazzis, Maxime (1808).
961:(in French). Paris: Calmann LĂ©vy.
728:
1563:History of Catholicism in France
1553:1791 disestablishments in Europe
1285:
1062:
1026:(in French). Paris: Seguin aßné.
427:
402:
388:
131:("For the Pope, for the nation")
107:
93:
901:
840:Denis de Sainte-Marthe (1715).
635:Map showing the Comtat and the
888:
879:
870:
861:
832:
823:
814:
787:
774:
13:
1:
966:Expilly, Jean-Joseph (1764).
767:
579:Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse
484:for short, was a part of the
583:William Bertrand of Provence
295:Joanna, Countess of Provence
7:
1436:Foreign territories in 1789
1295:Minor provinces and regions
856:(in French). Seguin frĂšres.
755:
595:Alphonse, Count of Poitiers
496:region of Southern France.
10:
1614:
1568:Former provinces of France
1020:Soullier, Charles (1844).
955:Charpenne, Pierre (1886).
937:The carriĂšre of Carpentras
934:Calmann, Marianne (1984).
675:Provençal Jewish tradition
613:to protect Joan's rights.
591:Joan, Countess of Toulouse
568:
511:(itself always a separate
492:Provence-Alpes-CĂŽte d'Azur
262:âą Acquired by papacy
128:Per lo Papa, per la nacion
1435:
1294:
1283:
1079:
551:
539:
527:
490:
443:
367:
357:
353:
340:
320:
306:
286:
270:
260:
243:
239:
229:
210:
200:
182:
166:
153:
144:
135:
123:
89:
84:
34:
894:Expilly, p. 92 column 2.
885:SĂ©guin de Pazzis, p. 32.
867:SĂ©guin de Pazzis, p. 19.
829:Expilly, p. 92 column 1.
698:Pierre-Antoine Antonelle
673:preserved a distinctive
101:Flag of the Papal States
988:Moulinas, René (1992).
919:Arnaud, EugĂšne (1884).
782:The Albigensian Crusade
575:Margraviate of Provence
272:âą Capital moved to
640:
637:Principality of Orange
577:that was inherited by
561:
557:Principality of Orange
517:) roughly between the
513:
479:
473:
465:[kÉÌtavÉnÉsÉÌ]
68:
54:
40:
1453:Menton and Roquebrune
908:André, J. F. (1847).
713:was created based on
704:. A few years later,
634:
585:. These lands in the
461:French pronunciation:
423:French First Republic
322:âą Reversed into
183:Common languages
1202:Lorraine and Barrois
1069:Historical provinces
616:The Comtat became a
1525: /
1080:General governments
876:Expilly, pp. 91â92.
794:Diana Wood (2002).
593:, and her husband,
344:Treaty of Tolentino
316:1663, 1668, 1768â74
780:Madaule, Jacques.
721:and a part of the
719:exclave of Valréas
641:
611:Holy Roman Emperor
499:The region was an
474:lo Comtat Venaicin
396:County of Toulouse
1508:
1507:
1001:978-2-226-05866-9
947:978-0-19-710037-0
807:978-0-521-89411-1
671:French Revolution
587:Holy Roman Empire
505:Kingdom of France
453:
452:
439:
438:
435:
434:
415:
414:
336:14 September 1791
249:Count of Poitiers
224:absolute monarchy
205:Roman Catholicism
16:(Redirected from
1605:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1536:
1535:
1530:
1529:44.083°N 5.000°E
1526:
1523:
1522:
1521:
1518:
1500:Comtat Venaissin
1496:
1289:
1067:
1066:
1055:
1048:
1041:
1032:
1031:
1027:
1016:
1005:
984:
973:
962:
951:
930:
915:
895:
892:
886:
883:
877:
874:
868:
865:
859:
857:
847:
836:
830:
827:
821:
818:
812:
811:
791:
785:
778:
715:Comtat Venaissin
700:, then mayor of
656:military service
564:
562:Comtat Venaissin
554:
553:
544:
543:
532:
531:
516:
495:
494:
482:
467:
462:
457:Comtat Venaissin
431:
430:
419:
418:
406:
405:
392:
391:
385:
384:
369:
368:
245:âą Death of
149:
140:
111:
97:
79:
71:
65:
57:
51:
43:
41:Comtat Venaissin
36:Comtat Venaissin
32:
31:
21:
1613:
1612:
1608:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1603:
1602:
1593:Former exclaves
1543:
1542:
1533:
1531:
1527:
1524:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1511:
1509:
1504:
1490:
1431:
1290:
1281:
1075:
1061:
1059:
1002:
948:
904:
899:
898:
893:
889:
884:
880:
875:
871:
866:
862:
837:
833:
828:
824:
820:Expilly, p. 91.
819:
815:
808:
792:
788:
779:
775:
770:
758:
731:
618:Papal territory
609:, there was no
571:
460:
428:
403:
389:
346:
335:
331:
326:
313:
301:
297:
293:
281:
277:
273:
263:
255:
251:
248:
193:
189:
174:
130:
119:
118:
117:
112:
104:
103:
98:
80:
73:
66:
59:
55:Comtat Venessin
52:
45:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1611:
1601:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1583:Avignon Papacy
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1506:
1505:
1503:
1502:
1497:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1432:
1430:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1298:
1296:
1292:
1291:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1076:
1058:
1057:
1050:
1043:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1017:
1006:
1000:
985:
974:
963:
952:
946:
931:
916:
903:
900:
897:
896:
887:
878:
869:
860:
831:
822:
813:
806:
786:
772:
771:
769:
766:
765:
764:
757:
754:
730:
729:Administration
727:
717:including the
570:
567:
547:Pope John XXII
533:, and a small
451:
450:
445:
441:
440:
437:
436:
433:
432:
425:
416:
413:
412:
410:Avignon Papacy
407:
399:
398:
393:
381:
380:
375:
365:
364:
359:
355:
354:
351:
350:
347:
341:
338:
337:
332:
321:
318:
317:
314:
307:
304:
303:
298:
292:purchased from
287:
284:
283:
278:
271:
268:
267:
264:
261:
258:
257:
256:21 August 1271
252:
244:
241:
240:
237:
236:
231:
230:Historical era
227:
226:
212:
208:
207:
202:
198:
197:
184:
180:
179:
168:
164:
163:
155:
151:
150:
142:
141:
133:
132:
121:
120:
113:
106:
105:
99:
92:
91:
90:
87:
86:
82:
81:
38:
35:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1610:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1550:
1548:
1541:
1538:
1534:44.083; 5.000
1501:
1498:
1494:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1440:
1438:
1434:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1297:
1293:
1288:
1278:
1277:Trois-ĂvĂȘchĂ©s
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1222:Lower Navarre
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1187:Ăle-de-France
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1167:Franche-Comté
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1065:
1056:
1051:
1049:
1044:
1042:
1037:
1036:
1033:
1025:
1024:
1018:
1014:
1013:
1007:
1003:
997:
993:
992:
986:
982:
981:
975:
971:
970:
964:
960:
959:
953:
949:
943:
939:
938:
932:
928:
924:
923:
917:
913:
912:
906:
905:
891:
882:
873:
864:
855:
854:
845:
844:
835:
826:
817:
809:
803:
799:
798:
790:
783:
777:
773:
763:
760:
759:
753:
749:
745:
742:
738:
734:
726:
724:
720:
716:
712:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
690:
688:
684:
678:
676:
672:
668:
665:
661:
657:
652:
650:
646:
638:
633:
629:
627:
623:
619:
614:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
566:
563:
558:
548:
545:purchased by
542:
536:
530:
524:
520:
515:
510:
506:
502:
497:
493:
487:
483:
481:
475:
471:
466:
458:
449:
446:
444:Today part of
442:
426:
424:
421:
420:
417:
411:
408:
401:
400:
397:
394:
387:
386:
383:
382:
379:
376:
374:
371:
370:
366:
363:
360:
356:
352:
348:
345:
339:
333:
330:
325:
319:
315:
311:
305:
299:
296:
291:
285:
279:
276:
269:
265:
259:
253:
250:
242:
238:
235:
232:
228:
225:
222:
219:
216:
213:
209:
206:
203:
199:
196:
192:
188:
185:
181:
177:
172:
169:
165:
162:
159:
156:
152:
148:
143:
139:
134:
129:
126:
122:
116:
110:
102:
96:
88:
83:
77:
70:
63:
56:
49:
42:
33:
30:
19:
1578:Papal States
1510:
1499:
1022:
1011:
990:
979:
968:
957:
936:
921:
910:
902:Bibliography
890:
881:
872:
863:
852:
842:
834:
825:
816:
796:
789:
781:
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762:Papal States
750:
746:
743:
739:
735:
732:
714:
708:
691:
679:
653:
648:
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615:
589:belonged to
572:
529:Mont Ventoux
498:
486:Papal States
477:
456:
454:
378:Succeeded by
377:
372:
127:
125:Motto:
124:
29:
1532: /
1491: [
1478:Sarrewerden
1458:Montbéliard
1127:Bourbonnais
710:département
660:French Jews
607:interregnum
597:. Alphonse
503:within the
373:Preceded by
362:Roman scudo
312:occupation
234:Middle Ages
178:(1320â1791)
173:(1274-1320)
1547:Categories
1422:Vermandois
1312:Beaujolais
1262:Roussillon
768:References
694:plebiscite
664:Carpentras
626:Carpentras
601:it to the
599:bequeathed
329:plebiscite
275:Carpentras
218:theocratic
211:Government
176:Carpentras
1473:Salm-Salm
1347:Couserans
1342:Comminges
1332:Cambrésis
1267:Saintonge
1237:Orléanais
1227:Nivernais
1192:Languedoc
1142:Champagne
1092:Angoumois
683:Louis XIV
667:synagogue
628:in 1320.
247:Alphonse,
201:Religion
187:Provençal
85:1274â1791
18:Venaissin
1573:Vaucluse
1463:Mulhouse
1443:Créhange
1427:Vivarais
1412:Valromey
1402:Rouergue
1392:Ponthieu
1387:PĂ©rigord
1382:NĂ©bouzan
1367:GĂ©vaudan
1362:GĂątinais
1337:CĂ©vennes
1307:Armagnac
1272:Touraine
1257:Provence
1232:Normandy
1207:Lyonnais
1197:Limousin
1157:Flanders
1152:Dauphiné
1137:Burgundy
1132:Brittany
1112:Auvergne
756:See also
706:Vaucluse
687:Louis XV
645:Joanna I
622:Venasque
603:Holy See
358:Currency
221:elective
171:Venasque
1377:Labourd
1317:Bigorre
1302:Agenais
1247:Picardy
1182:Hainaut
1177:Guyenne
1172:Gascony
1147:Corsica
723:Luberon
649:comtats
639:in 1547
569:History
541:Valréas
535:exclave
523:Durance
509:Avignon
501:enclave
470:Occitan
342:âą
308:âą
290:Avignon
288:âą
167:Capital
161:enclave
62:Occitan
1517:44°5âČN
1397:Quercy
1352:Dombes
1322:Bresse
1252:Poitou
1242:Perche
1217:Marche
1102:Artois
1087:Alsace
1073:France
998:
944:
848:, and
804:
552:Comtat
549:. The
521:, the
514:comtat
480:Comtat
448:France
334:
324:France
310:French
300:
280:
254:
215:Feudal
191:French
154:Status
72:
58:
48:French
44:
1520:5°0âČE
1495:]
1488:Tende
1483:Savoy
1417:Velay
1407:Soule
1357:Forez
1327:Bugey
1212:Maine
1122:Berry
1117:BĂ©arn
1107:Aunis
1097:Anjou
702:Arles
581:from
519:RhĂŽne
195:Latin
158:Papal
76:Latin
1468:Nice
1448:Dabo
1162:Foix
996:ISBN
942:ISBN
802:ISBN
685:and
525:and
455:The
349:1797
302:1348
282:1320
266:1274
1372:Gex
1071:of
927:140
327:by
1549::
1493:fr
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