85:
420:
planted towns of
Ireland were to operate. Since the MPs to the Irish parliament were elected by the borough council, and to prevent a Catholic majority there, additional boroughs were created in areas with a strong Protestant base. A direct result of this was the Protestant majority of 232 to 100 in the 1613 House of Commons. The new charters placed the government of the borough with the Sovereign and twelve chief burgesses, who are to elect all the rest and stipulated that all had to conform to the established church by taking the Oath of Supremacy.
399:. The provision of the borough and the corporation was established through a charter, the granting of which was known as incorporation. Freemen and burgesses were the usual governing members of the council and elected their chief officer, the Sovereign. In earlier incarnations the council also managed the law court known as the "hundred court" and dealt with local administrative and legal business. Boroughs also elected the local MP. Positions on the council were predominantly from among the wealthy and related families in the area.
351:. The office generally had no salary though some patrons provided a stipend to the sovereign in their borough. In some localities the sovereign was appointed directly by the patron of the borough which allowed him to influence the election of the local MP. Once the parliamentary franchise was lost with the
449:
which references back to the chief officer of the town council. When looking to name a new trophy the local yacht club discovered that the 'Sovereign of
Kinsale' used to put up a trophy for a sailing race in the late 1700s. The result is that the race and trophy today is known as The Sovereign's cup.
410:
is a contemporaneously written account of the proceedings of
Kilkenny municipality beginning in 1230 and running to 1538. Attempts have been made to identify the names of Kilkenny's sovereigns and currently there is a list of the names of 244 sovereigns from 1282 to 1608. At that point a new charter
419:
Early Irish borough had a city-state status however with the unification of
Ireland under the crown in 1603 they were transformed into more ordinary municipal towns on the English model. Part of this was to reduce the autonomy of the Irish borough and partly to establish the new rules by which the
579:
The
Parliamentary Gazetteer of Ireland: Adapted to the New Poor-law, Franchise, Municipal and Ecclesiastical Arrangements, and Compiled with a Special Reference to the Lines of Railroad and Canal Communication, as Existing in
437:, there were sixty-eight borough corporations in Ireland. As each of the changes and new charters were brought in and with the loss of the parliamentary franchise, sovereigns became less powerful and more ceremonial.
342:
himself. And in later years he also had to be approved by the patron. The level of responsibility ranged from enacting by-laws about tolls up to the death penalty. Some charters established the sovereign as the local
390:
Ireland had established self-governing municipal boroughs which gave a city-state status to the locality in existence since the Norman conquest. These were most typically in the denser populated provinces of
704:
A Topographical
Dictionary of Ireland: Comprising the Several Counties, Cities, Boroughs, Corporate, Market, and Post Towns, Parishes, and Villages, with Historical and Statistical Descriptions ...
234:, the Grand Master is styled "Sovereign", e.g. Sovereign Grand Master, due to its status as an internationally independent sovereign entity. Examples of the Sovereign of a chivalric order are:
111:
in a monarchical rule which can belong to the sovereign. The sovereign is the autonomous head of the state. Examples of the various titles in modern sovereign leaders are:
684:
318:
had duties and responsibilities deriving from the charter which established the local town borough or council. This was commonly used throughout
92:
84:
433:
Historically the number of boroughs varied considerably. There were 117 boroughs in
Ireland from 1685 to 1800. Prior to the passing of the
127:
338:
The candidate for this position was elected by the freemen and burgesses of the town, borough and city councils and had to be a
665:
712:
514:
807:
269:
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231:
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434:
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40:
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427:
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246:
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515:"SOVEREIGN | Definition of SOVEREIGN by Oxford Dictionary on Lexico.com also meaning of SOVEREIGN"
264:
255:
108:
28:
294:
273:
763:
563:
FIRST REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONERS APPOINTED TO INQUIRE INTO THE MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS IN IRELAND
484:
159:
729:
430:
wrote "the newly erected boroughs . . . will be perpetual seminaries of
Protestant burgesses".
277:
702:
598:
577:
561:
411:
was established for the town and in 1609 the first mayor of the City of
Kilkenny is elected.
303:
209:
348:
238:
43:
that can be applied to the highest leader in various categories. The word is borrowed from
8:
764:"Sovereign's Cup 2021 | Kinsale Yacht Club | 23-26 June 2021 | Event Info"
95:
over the course of her reign, with her role in each realm separate and legally distinct.
647:
540:
450:
Kinsale had been given its charter to set up a borough led by a
Sovereign around 1319.
352:
226:
is generally used in place of "grand master" for the supreme head of various orders of
88:
708:
604:
469:
290:
260:
72:
to head of municipal government or head of a chivalric order. As a result, the word
242:
167:
802:
489:
423:
379:
339:
281:
251:
727:
323:
522:
781:
685:"The greatest gerrymander in Irish history? James I's 40 boroughs of 1612–13"
539:. The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland. 31 March 1901.
69:
731:
The history of the Boroughs and municipal Corporations of the United Kingdom
327:
186:
494:
363:
20:
651:
544:
375:
358:
The title of the chief officer of a city council has become known as a
344:
44:
479:
371:
638:
McNeill, Charles (1927). "Notes on the Liber Primus Kilkenniensis".
403:
396:
139:
19:
For the full right and power of a governing body over itself, see
474:
464:
446:
392:
367:
319:
104:
65:
24:
600:
The Statutes of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
227:
47:
76:
has more recently also come to mean independence or autonomy.
459:
359:
53:
126:) have been used referring to female sovereigns, notably in
728:
Henry Alworth Merewether; Archibald John Stephens (1835).
640:
The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland
362:. In some municipal boroughs the titles borough master or
721:
382:
were used interchangeably with mayor and sovereign.
537:
Extracts from the Old Corporation Books of New Ross
355:, the role became largely ceremonial or forgotten.
779:
583:. A. Fullarton and Company. 1846. pp. 299–.
556:
554:
679:
677:
675:
596:
592:
590:
707:Genealogical Publishing Com. pp. 461–.
700:
696:
694:
239:Margareta, Custodian of the Crown of Romania
551:
56:
23:. For the head of state in a monarchy, see
672:
587:
314:As chief officer of municipal government,
691:
603:. Her Majesty's Printers. pp. 650–.
83:
666:"The sovereigns and Mayors of Kilkenny"
658:
637:
309:
128:Charles III's proclamation of accession
52:, which is ultimately derived from the
780:
617:
402:The first mention of the sovereign in
189:, sovereign of the Vatican City State
114:In some settings the use of the words
103:is frequently used synonymously with
322:. This usage was less common in the
217:
64:The roles of a sovereign vary from
16:Title applied variously in politics
13:
519:Lexico Dictionaries | English
414:
333:
270:Georg Friedrich, Prince of Prussia
14:
819:
232:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
734:. Stevens, Yard. pp. 1620–.
445:There is a sailing race held in
79:
756:
738:
435:Municipal Corporations Act 1835
179:Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
631:
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149:Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck
1:
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300:Duarte Nuno, Duke of Braganza
428:Attorney General for Ireland
7:
453:
272:, current Sovereign of the
263:, current Sovereign of the
198:Albert II, Prince of Monaco
10:
824:
625:"Irish municipal boroughs"
408:Liber Primus Kilkenniensis
385:
265:Order of the Golden Fleece
256:Order of the Golden Fleece
118:(sometimes with a capital
29:Sovereign (disambiguation)
18:
808:Heads of local government
750:Irish Examiner Supplement
440:
326:and occasionally meant a
295:Order of Saint Elizabeth
274:Order of the Black Eagle
206:Joan-Enric Vives Sicília
160:Margrethe II of Denmark
48:
798:Positions of authority
793:Management occupations
788:Government occupations
746:"Sovereign's cup 2017"
597:Great Britain (1840).
566:. 1835. pp. 917–.
278:Order of the Red Eagle
96:
57:
27:. For other uses, see
768:www.sovereignscup.com
701:Samuel Lewis (1995).
406:dates from 1231. The
304:Order of Saint Isabel
93:32 independent realms
91:was the sovereign of
87:
525:on January 23, 2020.
349:justice of the peace
310:Municipal government
210:Co-Prince of Andorra
302:, Sovereign of the
293:, Sovereign of the
241:: Sovereign of the
170:, Sultan of Brunei
61:, meaning 'above'.
353:Acts of Union 1800
286:Order of the Crown
247:Order of the Crown
142:, Emperor of Japan
97:
89:Queen Elizabeth II
714:978-0-8063-1063-3
687:. March 19, 2013.
627:. March 19, 2013.
470:Municipal borough
291:Caroline of Baden
261:Karl von Habsburg
254:, founder of the
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151:, King Of Bhutan
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521:. Archived from
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243:Order of Carol I
230:nations. In the
218:Chivalric orders
168:Hassanal Bolkiah
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646:(1): 21–38.
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328:Marcher Lord
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187:Pope Francis
123:
119:
115:
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107:. There are
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98:
73:
63:
35:
34:
33:
495:Burgomaster
364:Burgomaster
74:sovereignty
68:, ruler or
21:Sovereignty
782:Categories
501:References
345:magistrate
175:Grand Duke
45:Old French
480:Portreeve
372:portreeve
224:sovereign
222:The term
202:Co-Prince
101:sovereign
99:The word
58:superānus
49:souverain
36:Sovereign
652:25513427
545:25507115
454:See also
404:Kilkenny
397:Leinster
228:European
140:Naruhito
580:1814-45
490:Provost
475:Bailiff
465:Borough
447:Kinsale
393:Munster
386:History
380:provost
368:bailiff
340:burgess
320:Ireland
136:Emperor
105:monarch
66:monarch
25:Monarch
803:Titles
711:
650:
607:
543:
485:Warden
441:Legacy
376:warden
194:Prince
164:Sultan
648:JSTOR
541:JSTOR
460:Mayor
360:mayor
156:Queen
54:Latin
41:title
39:is a
709:ISBN
605:ISBN
395:and
378:and
183:Pope
145:King
124:lady
347:or
122:in
784::
766:.
748:.
693:^
674:^
644:17
642:.
589:^
553:^
517:.
426:,
374:,
370:,
366:,
330:.
284:,
280:,
276:,
245:,
208:,
130:.
770:.
717:.
668:.
654:.
613:.
547:.
120:L
31:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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