Sovereign Military Order of Malta

5042:"On account of some arguments presented in the 1950s, to the effect that the ties with the Holy See in a constitutional and international law context were so close and frequent that the true sovereignty of the Order could be called in question, constitutional changes were made by the Order. These were established in 1997. While the previous constitution laid down that the Order of Malta was a "legal entity solemnly recognised by the Holy See," this formulation has now been removed from the Order's constitution. The previous constitution prescribed that, after being elected, the head of state of the Order of Malta, that is to say the Grand Master, must be approved by the Pope, the new wording in the constitution only prescribes that after election the Grand Master shall inform the Pope of his election. Changes have been implemented throughout to show that the Order is independent of the Holy See from the constitutional and international law perspective." Bo J. Theutenberg, 110: 5985: 2094: 2461: 7631: 2238:

states (for example, the Republic of San Marino in 1935 recognized SMOM as a sovereign state in its own right.) makes it a subject of international law. Ian Brownlie writes that, "Even in the sphere of recognition and bilateral relations, the legal capacities of institutions like the Sovereign Order of Jerusalem and Malta must be limited simply because they lack the territorial and demographic characteristics of states." Helmut Steinberger states that, "With the historical exception of the Holy See, which maintains diplomatic relations with more than 100 States, in contemporary international law only States as distinguished from international organizations or other subjects of international law are accorded sovereignty."

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Order's roundels on the fuselage and Italian ones on the wings, and were used mainly for standard Italian Air Force training and transport missions but also for some humanitarian tasks proper of the Order of Malta (like the transport of sick pilgrims to the Lourdes sanctuary). In the early 1950s, when the strictures of the peace treaty had been much relaxed by the Allied authorities, the aircraft returned under full control of the Italian Air Force. One of the aircraft transferred to the Order of Malta, still with the Order's fuselage roundels, is preserved in the

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enjoyment of certain prerogatives inherent to the Order itself as a Subject of international law. These prerogatives, which are proper to sovereignty—in accordance with the principles of international law—and which, following the example of the Holy See, have also been recognized by some States, do not however constitute in the Order that complex of powers and prerogatives, which it belongs to sovereign bodies in the full sense of the word."

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relationship with the Holy See. The connection between the Holy See and the Order of Malta was seen as so close as to call into question the actual sovereignty of the order as a separate entity. This has prompted constitutional changes on the part of the Order, which were implemented in 1997. Since then, the Order has been widely recognized as a sovereign subject of international law in its own right.

7667: 7651: 7617: 7591: 7572: 7609: 7602: 7584: 7555: 7546: 7537: 7520: 7513: 7503: 2429:(Army Military Corps of the ACISMOM), wearing Italian uniforms. Since then the Military Corps have operated with the Italian Army both in wartime and peacetime in medical or paramedical military functions, and in ceremonial functions for the Order, such as standing guard around the coffins of high officers of the Order before and during funeral rites. 667:. Until the 1990s, the highest classes of membership, including officers, required proof of noble lineage. More recently, a path was created for Knights and Dames of the lowest class (of whom proof of aristocratic lineage is not required) to be specially elevated to the highest class, making them eligible for office in the order. 2283:

See and the Embassy of the Order to Italy are all recognised as extraterritorial by Italy. As Italy recognizes, in addition to extraterritoriality, the exercise by SMOM of all the prerogatives of sovereignty in its headquarters, Italian sovereignty and SMOM sovereignty uniquely coexist without overlapping.

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aircraft to the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, pending the definition of their exact status (the SM.82 were properly long range transport aircraft that could be adapted for bombing missions). These aircraft were operated by Italian Air Force personnel temporarily flying for the Order, carried the

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Other legal experts argue in favour of the Order's claim to sovereignty. Georg Dahm affirms that the Order is a "subject of international law without territory". Berthold Waldstein-Wartenberg writes that the sovereignty of the Order and its personality in international law is "generally recognized by

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Prior to the 1990s, all officers of the order had to be of noble birth (defined differently in different countries), as they were all Knights of Justice or Knights in Obedience. However, Knights of Magistral Grace (i.e. those who do not have proof of noble birth) now may make the Promise of Obedience

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Some legal experts claim that the Order's claim to sovereignty cannot be maintained. Even taking into account the Order's ambassadorial diplomatic status among many nations, some scholars reject the country's sovereign status. Wilhelm Wengler rejects the notion that recognition of the Order by some

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With its unique history and unusual present circumstances, the exact status of the Order in international law has been the subject of debate. Some scholars have questioned the Order's sovereignty based on the fact that the Order has very limited geographical territories and on account of the Order's

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The original hospitaller mission became the main activity of the order, growing ever stronger during the 20th century, most especially because of the contribution of the activities carried out by the Grand Priories and National Associations in many countries around the world. Large-scale hospitaller

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By the early 19th century, the Order was severely weakened by the loss of its priories throughout Europe. Only 10% of the order's income came from traditional sources in Europe, with the remaining 90% being generated by the Russian Grand Priory until 1810. This was partly reflected in the government

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The agreement has a duration of 99 years, but the document allows the Government of Malta to terminate it at any time after 50 years. Under the terms of the agreement, the flag of Malta is to be flown together with the flag of the Order in a prominent position over Fort St. Angelo. No asylum may be

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of 28 November 1929, "The Grand Master of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta enjoys in Italy the honors due to the Cardinals, and takes place after them." Further, "The representation of the Grand Magistry of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta . . . immediately follows the representations of

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in the person of the Grand Commander, who can only perform acts of ordinary administration without making any innovations." If it is not possible to elect a Grand Master, a Lieutenant of the Grand Master is elected, who has the same powers as the Grand Master with the exception of the prerogatives

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and the Order's recognition among the Russian Imperial Orders. The refugee knights in Saint Petersburg proceeded to elect Tsar Paul as their Grand Master – a rival to Grand Master von Hompesch until the latter's abdication left Paul as the sole Grand Master. Grand Master Paul I created, in addition

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approved the foundation of the Hospital and placed it under the aegis of the Holy See, granting it the right to freely elect its superiors without interference from other secular or religious authorities. By virtue of the Papal Bull, the hospital became an order exempt from the control of the local

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I believe that it is a unique case in the world that a unit of the army of one country is supervised by a body of another sovereign country. Just think that whenever our staff (medical officers mainly) is engaged in a military mission abroad, there is the flag of the Order flying below the Italian

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The two most important properties of the Order in Rome – the Palazzo Malta in Via dei Condotti 68, where the Grand Master resides and Government Bodies meet, and the Villa del Priorato di Malta on the Aventine Hill, which hosts the Grand Priory of Rome – as well as the Embassy of the Order to Holy

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decreed on 6 June 1974 that, "the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Malta constitutes a sovereign international subject, in all terms equal, even if without territory, to a foreign state with which Italy has normal diplomatic relations, so there is no doubt, as already this Supreme Court has

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The Order "as a subject of international law, exercises sovereign functions with regard to purposes", namely "promoting the glory of God and the sanctification of its members" and performing works of mercy "towards the sick, the needy, and people without a country without distinction of religion,

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The Prelate of the order is responsible for the clergy of the order and assists the Grand Master, the Grand Commander and the Coordinator of the Second Class in the care of the spiritual life and in the religious observance of all members of the order. He is appointed by the Pope on the advice of

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The Order was governed by its Grand Master, the Prince of Rhodes, and its Council. From its beginning, independence from other nations granted by pontifical charter and the universally recognised right to maintain and deploy armed forces constituted grounds for the international sovereignty of the

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is the primary governing body of the Order that handles regular business. The members are the Grand Master (or Lieutenant), the holders of the four High Officers (the Grand Commander, the Grand Chancellor, the Grand Hospitaller and the Receiver of the Common Treasure), the five Councilors of the

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The order's website says "its programmes include medical and social assistance, disaster relief in the case of armed conflicts and natural catastrophes, emergency services and first aid corps, help for the elderly, the handicapped and children in need and the provision of first aid training, and

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the new constitution of the Order and made provisional appointments to the Sovereign Council; he scheduled a convocation of the Extraordinary General Chapter for 25 January 2023, when regular appointments can be made in place of his provisional ones. On 26 January, the General Chapter elected to

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obtained from the Caliph of Egypt the authorisation to build a church, convent, and hospital in Jerusalem, to care for pilgrims of any religious faith or race. The Order of St. John of Jerusalem – the monastic community that ran the hospital for the pilgrims in the Holy Land – became independent

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international law doctrine". Gerhard von Glahn affirms that "the Order can be classified as a nonstate subject of international law, although of a somewhat peculiar nature." Rebecca Wallace explains that a sovereign entity does not have to be a country, and that the Order is an example of this.

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approved the Constitutional Charter of the Order, which stated that "the Order is a legal entity formally approved by the Holy See. It has the quality of a subject of international law" (Article 1) and that "the intimate connection existing between the two qualities of a religious order and a

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Bishops and priests are generally admitted as chaplains of the Order of Malta. There are some priests who are knights of the order, usually because they were admitted to the order prior to ordination. The priests of the Order of Malta are ranked as Honorary Canons, as in the Order of the Holy

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stated that, "The quality of the sovereign Order of the institution is functional, that is, aimed at ensuring the achievement of the purposes of the Order itself and its development in the world." The Tribunal of Cardinals further stated that, "The status of sovereign Order...consists in the

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that his ships be allowed to enter the port and to take on water and supplies. The Grand Master replied that only two foreign ships could be allowed to enter the port at a time. Bonaparte, aware that such a procedure would take a long time and leave his forces vulnerable to British Admiral

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Napoleon opened negotiations with the fortress capital of Valletta. Faced with vastly superior French forces and the loss of western Malta, the Grand Master negotiated a surrender to the invasion. Hompesch left Malta for Trieste on 18 June. He resigned as Grand Master on 6 July 1799.

7480: 2497:, a service carried out intensively during both World Wars. The Military Corps still operates a modern 28-car hospital train with 192 hospital beds, serviced by a medical staff of 38 medics and paramedics provided by the Order and a technical staff provided by the Italian Army's 2339:. Its stated purpose is "to give the Order the opportunity to be better enabled to carry out its humanitarian activities as Knights Hospitallers from Saint Angelo, as well as to better define the legal status of Saint Angelo subject to the sovereignty of Malta over it". 173: 2396: 3328: 2423:, ACISMOM) reformed the Order's military to a modern military unit of the era. This unit provided medical support to the Italian Army and on 9 April 1909 the military corps officially became a special auxiliary volunteer corps of the Italian Army under the name 1350:

to the Catholic Grand Priory, a "Russian Grand Priory" of no fewer than 118 Commanderies, dwarfing the rest of the Order and open to all Christians. Paul's election as Grand Master was, however, never ratified under Catholic canon law, and he was the

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After Becciu resigned from the rights and privileges of a cardinal after being implicated in a financial corruption scandal, in October 2020, Pope Francis appointed Archbishop Silvano Tomasi as his special delegate to the order on 1 November 2020.

7456: 174: 7434: 1692:"assists the Grand Master in the spiritual care of the Order and in the governance of the First and Second Class". It includes the Grand Master (or Lieutenant), the Grand Commander, and five Councilors elected by the Chapter of the Professed. 1325:, immediately ordered a cannon fusillade against Malta. The French soldiers disembarked in Malta at seven points on the morning of 11 June and attacked. After several hours of fierce fighting, the Maltese in the west were forced to surrender. 721:

since 1994, this was granted in view of its "long-standing dedication in providing humanitarian assistance and its special role in international humanitarian relations"; the same category is held by other non-state entities such as the

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as part of the bargain only three men – the grand master, the lieutenant grand master, and the chancellor – could be citizens there. The other S.M.O.M.ians were to be citizens of the country they lived

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granted by the Order and generally the Maltese courts have full jurisdiction and Maltese law shall apply. The second bilateral treaty mentions a number of immunities and privileges, none of which appeared in the earlier treaty.

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Agreement between the Government of Malta and the Government of the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of St John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta (signed 5 December 1998), Article 3(4)–(5), Article 3(2)–(3), Article

2167:(usually their ambassador to the Holy See). During the reign of Fra' Andrew Bertie as Prince and Grand Master (1988–2008), the number of nations extending diplomatic relations to the Order more than doubled from 49 to 100. 1441:, whose sovereignty was to be guaranteed by all of the major European powers, to be determined at the final peace. However, this did not happen because of objections to the treaty that quickly grew in the United Kingdom. 1332:

The knights were dispersed, though the Order continued to exist in a diminished form and negotiated with European governments for a return to power as part of the agreement between France and Holy Roman Empire during the

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In May 2017, the Order named Mauro Bertero Gutiérrez, a Bolivian member of the Government Council, to lead its constitutional reform process. In June 2017, in a departure from tradition, the leadership of the Order wore

1252:" survive in Germany, the Netherlands, and Sweden and many other countries, including the United States and South Africa. It was established that the order should remain neutral in any war between Christian nations. 7917: 7442: 5940: 748:, Sub-priories, and National Associations around the world, but there also exist various organizations with similar-sounding names that are unrelated to the Order. These include a number of mimic orders, such as 7464: 5495: 5451:"Agreement between the Government of Malta and the Government of the Sovereign Hospitalier Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta for the restoration and utilisation of parts of Fort St. Angelo" 2220:

The Order's international nature is useful in enabling it to pursue its humanitarian activities without being seen as an operative of any particular nation. Its sovereignty is also expressed in the issuance of

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In 1947, after the post-World War II peace treaty forbade Italy to own or operate bomber aircraft and only operate a limited number of transport aircraft, the Italian Air Force opted to transfer some of its

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Grand Priory of Naples and Sicily (founded as the Priory of Messina, the Priory of Barletta, and the Priory of Capua in the 12th and 13th centuries; suppressed 1806–1826; restored as a single priory 1839)

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status. The grand priories of Lombardy-Venetia and of Sicily were restored from 1839 to 1841. The office of Grand Master was restored by Pope Leo XIII in 1879, after a vacancy of 75 years, confirming

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The coat of arms of the Order, gules a cross argent (a white/silver cross on a red field), is most often depicted on an oval shield surrounded by a rosary, all superimposed on a white eight-pointed

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obliged the order to take on the military defence of the sick, the pilgrims, and the captured territories. The order thus added the task of defending the faith to that of its hospitaller mission.

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sovereign order do not oppose the autonomy of the order in the exercise of its sovereignty and prerogatives inherent to it as a subject of international law in relation to States." (Article 3)

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of nuns of the Order, two in Spain that date from the 11/12th centuries and one in Malta. The existence of the nuns is not mentioned in the Constitutional Charter or the Code of the Order.

5080: 7900: 6087: 6082: 5632: 2164: 2142: 5422:"Agreement between the Republic of Malta and the Sovereign Military Order of St. John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta for the Restoration and Utilisation of Parts of Fort St. Angelo" 3897: 237: 8467: 2372:, the Italian postal service, agreed with the Order to deliver internationally most classes of mail other than registered, insured, and special-delivery mail. The Order began issuing 5970: 4085: 3684: 339: 1630: 1447:'s rejection of a British offer involving a ten-year lease of Malta prompted the reactivation of the British blockade of the French coast; Britain declared war on France on 18 May. 171: 5379:

Minuscule as it is, the Order does also possess sovereign territory. This consists of the land in Rome on which stands the Grand Magistracy in the Via Condotti and the Villa Malta.

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Diplomatic vehicles of the Order in Italy receive diplomatic license plates with the code "XA". Other vehicles of the Order receive Italian license plates with the prefix SMOM.

5984: 5655: 3866: 109: 6240: 6186: 6092: 2205:, the Order has never received one. For awards purposes, amateur radio operators consider the Order a separate "entity"—but stations transmitting from there use an unofficial 2156: 982:

As time went on, the order adopted the white, eight-pointed Cross that is still its symbol today. The eight points represent the eight beatitudes that Jesus pronounced in his

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The Order states that it was the hospitaller role that enabled the Order to survive the end of the crusading era; nonetheless, it retains its military title and traditions.

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The Order's modern-day role is largely focused on providing humanitarian assistance and assisting with international humanitarian relations, for which purpose it has had

6930: 5962: 5487: 3951:"Letter of the Holy Father to the Special Delegate at the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta (S.M.O.M.), 04.05.2018" 3954: 1572:– until the election of a new Grand Master. The pope effectively taking control over the Order was seen by some as a break with tradition and the Order's independence. 6077: 3444: 2132: 2767: 1134:

Order, which minted its own coins and maintained diplomatic relations with other states. The senior positions of the Order were given to representatives of different

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as the first Grand Master of the restored Order of Malta. However, the loss of possession of Malta during this period did not affect the right of active and passive

7905: 7726: 3389: 4855: 3379: 172: 3523: 203: 4603:"Lettera Pontificia al Sostituto per gli Affari Generali della Segreteria di Stato per la nomina a Delegato Speciale presso il Sovrano Militare Ordine di Malta" 3708:"Lettera Pontificia al Sostituto per gli Affari Generali della Segreteria di Stato per la nomina a Delegato Speciale presso il Sovrano Militare Ordine di Malta" 1650:

is the head of the order and governs both as sovereign and as religious superior. He is "entitled to sovereign prerogatives and honors as well as the title of "

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Cox, Noel S.B., The Continuing Question of Sovereignty and the Sovereign Military Order of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta (June 2008). Available at SSRN:

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Fausto Solaro del Borgo, President of the Italian Association of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, stated in a speech given in London in November 2007.

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when appointed by the pope or soon raised to that rank, promotes the spiritual interests of the order and its members, and its relations with the Holy See.

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During the seventeen years that separated the seizure of Malta and the General Peace, "the formality of electing a brother Chief to discharge the office of

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news agency has called it "the smallest sovereign state in the world". The three principal officers are counted as citizens. Although the Order has been a

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six-year terms on the Sovereign Council the same four members Francis had appointed the previous September and six of the nine Councillors he had named.

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who was elected on 3 May 2023. "In the event of permanent impediment, resignation or death of the Grand Master, the Order is governed by a Lieutenant

864: 4778: 4580: 4291: 4038:"Lettera Pontificia al Cardinale eletto Silvano Maria Tomasi per la nomina a Delegato Speciale presso il Sovrano Militare Ordine di Malta, 01.11.2020" 2966: 7088: 4375: 3980: 3800: 3592: 2866: 2667: 3734: 2328:. The first treaty, dated 21 June 1991, is now no longer in force. The second treaty was signed on 5 December 1998 and ratified on 1 November 2001. 2171: 1725:

The Order's judicial powers are exercised by a group of Magistral Courts, whose judges are appointed by the Grand Master and the Sovereign Council.

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the Foreign Diplomatic Corps." Finally, the decree affirms that the Bailiffs Knights Grand Cross of Justice in Italy shall be styled "Excellency" (

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states, affected the knights as well. In several countries, including England, Scotland, and Sweden, the order dissolved. In others, including the

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to their annual papal audience. In May 2018 when a new Grand Master was elected, Francis extended Becciu's mandate indefinitely. When the Order's

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Synoptical Sketch of the Illustrious & Sovereign Order of Knights Hospitallers of St John of Jerusalem and of the Venerable Langue of England

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To protect its heritage against fraud, the Order has legally registered sixteen versions of its names and emblems in some one hundred countries.

709:, coins and postage stamps. Its two headquarters buildings in Rome enjoy extraterritoriality, and it maintains embassies in other countries. The 5628: 4517: 1560:

as part of a joint charitable project with the order’s Malteser International to help sex slaves protect themselves from AIDS. In January 2017,

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for the Order, which is legally important for the absolute continuity of international status, regardless of the former territorial possession.

1024:. From there, the defense of the Christian world required the organization of a naval force, so the Order built a powerful fleet and sailed the 95: 7392: 3342: 1249: 1154: 473: 5278: 3889: 3322: 1722:

is the advisory board to the Sovereign Council in charge of studying political, religious, humanitarian assistance and international issues.

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The Grand Master displays a rectangular flag with a red background upon which there is a white eight-pointed Maltese cross, encircled by the

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restored a Grand Master to the order. This signaled the renewal of the Order's fortunes as a humanitarian and religious organization.

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Most of the 48 associations are national, but several countries (Brazil, Germany, the United States) have more than one association.

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to replace Becciu as his Special Delegate to the Order, reiterating the responsibilities of that office as his sole representative.

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Grand Priory of Lombardy and Venice (founded as two priories about 1180; expropriated 1796–1806; restored as a single priory 1839)

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and Germany, entire bailiwicks or commanderies (administrative divisions of the order) experienced Protestant conversions; these "

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audits the Order's finances. It includes a President elected among the seven Councillors, all elected by the Chapter General.

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made clear that the delegate would not have any role in the order's governance, out of respect for the order's sovereignty.

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The Order is one of the largest landowners in Italy; its properties are exempted from certain Italian fiscal jurisdiction.

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The 1802 treaty was never implemented. The United Kingdom resumed hostilities citing France's imperialist policies in the

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Becciu was Substitute for General Affairs of the Secretariat of State, a position akin to that of a papal chief of staff.

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Since 2017, Pope Francis has appointed special delegates to fulfill the role that was previously assigned to the patron.

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Within each class and category of knights there are ranks of Knight, Knight Grand Cross, and Bailiff Knight Grand Cross.

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by John Cochrane and Stuart Elliott, published 1998 by Airlife Publishing Limited of Shrewsbury, England (illustrated).

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The Sovereign Military Order of Malta – The OTHER Malta! A visit to the Order's leased property on the Island of Malta

3248: 3212: 3187: 3162: 2917: 2275: 2032: 1510: 1286: 712: 593: 5580:"This photograph shows four members of the Corps standing guard at the coffin of a deceased Grand Master of the Order" 2186:, to which it contributed USD $ 36,000 from 2006–2022. The Order is not classified as a "non-member state" nor as an " 7467: 7073: 6958: 6538: 6484: 6324: 6284: 6265: 6230: 5835: 5704: 5616: 5264:"Tribunal e Cardinalizi O Costituto Con Pontificio Chirografo Del 10 Diciembre 1951 (judgment dated 24 January 1953)" 5058: 4410: 3088: 2643: 2533: 1602: 1564:

ordered von Boeselager reinstated and required Festing's resignation. Francis also named Archbishop (later Cardinal)

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is the legislative body of the Order, which meets every six years. It elects the members of the Sovereign Council.

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In February 2013, the Order celebrated the 900th anniversary of its papal recognition with a general audience with

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On 2 February 2017 Pope Francis appointed Archbishop Giovanni Angelo Becciu as his special delegate to the order.

7413: 7206: 7028: 6543: 6412: 6156: 5021: 4882: 2183: 904: 723: 675: 5328: 3440: 2190:", but rather as one of the "other entities having received a standing invitation to participate as observers." 2055: 8492: 8282: 7782: 7078: 6880: 6127: 5816: 5247: 4314: 3967:... up to the conclusion of the reform process and in any case until I consider it useful for the Order itself. 2538: 2187: 868: 763:. The Flag of the Order's works is rectangular with a red background upon which there is a white eight-pointed 682:

assisted by 95,000 volunteers in more than 120 countries, assisting children, homeless, disabled, elderly, and

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The Order's membership includes about 13,500 Knights, Dames and Chaplains. Thirty-three of these are professed

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The Order has signed treaties with Italy dated 20 February 1884, 23 December 1915, 4 January 1938, and 1956.

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Membership in the Order is divided into three classes each of which is subdivided into several categories:

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to the Order. The offer was rejected since it would have meant the Order renouncing their claim to Malta.

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On 26 March 1876, the Association of the Italian Knights of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta (

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around the world without distinction of ethnicity or religion. Through its worldwide relief corps,

7718: 1868:, who make no vows or promises, but live according to the principles of the Church and the Order: 1364:

of the Order being under Lieutenants, rather than Grand Masters, in the period 1805 to 1879, when

8181: 8115: 8087: 7767: 6910: 6905: 6528: 6349: 6318: 6310: 5488:"After Two Centuries, the Order of Malta Flag Flies over Fort St. Angelo beside the Maltese Flag" 4692: 2331:

This agreement grants the Order the use with limited extraterritoriality of the upper portion of

1901:

Sepulchre; and they are entitled to wear the black mozetta with purple piping and purple fascia.

1545: 1217:

The fleet of the Order contributed to the ultimate destruction of the Ottoman naval power in the

857: 812:

for Professed Knights, or for others the ribbon of their rank. Some members may also display the

789: 6152: 5921:

Permanent Observer Mission of the Order of Malta to the United Nations, IAEA and CTBTO in Vienna

5392: 3614: 3080: 3073: 8206: 8186: 8174: 7787: 7678: 7151: 6898: 6893: 6888: 6575: 6381: 6122: 2477: 2465: 2407: 1927: 1733:

The order is divided regionally into six Grand Priories, six Sub-Priories and 48 associations.

1565: 1391: 1233: 691: 2582:

support for refugees and internally displaced persons regardless of race, origin or religion."

2571:

Supremus Militaris Ordo Hospitalarius Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani, Rhodiensis et Melitensis

1509:

and charitable activities were carried out during World Wars I and II under Grand Master Fra'

1477:

of 1815 confirmed the loss of Malta. After having temporarily resided in Messina, Catania and

1422:. Their mandates complexively covered the period until the death of the Emperor Paul in 1801. 74:

Supremus Militaris Ordo Hospitalarius Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani, Rhodiensis et Melitensis

8293: 8288: 7929: 7777: 7423: 6589: 4252: 3293: 2202: 1651: 1127: 1025: 654: 642: 6598: 4226: 2888: 20:

This article is about the modern Catholic military order. For its medieval predecessor, see

8103: 7494: 6915: 6875: 6021: 5696: 5366: 4522: 4403:

Byzance et ses périphéries (Mondes grec, balkanique et musulman): Hommage à Alain Ducellier

4200: 2214: 1976: 1946: 1610: 1334: 1207: 1017: 995: 972: 965: 705:

The Order maintains diplomatic relations with 113 states, enters into treaties, and issues

624: 3388:

as the best source available for the subject matter. The text was identically repeated in

3105: 2139:

List of Permanent Observers of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta to the United Nations

1141:

In 1523, after six months of siege and fierce combat against the fleet and army of Sultan

8: 8396: 8298: 8229: 8024: 7960: 7558: 7549: 7540: 7221: 6979: 6965: 6768: 6738: 6622: 6617: 6603: 6584: 6221: 3279: 2528: 1841: 1494: 1438: 1384: 983: 935: 836: 612: 395: 348: 21: 8313: 4877: 1832:

There are currently (2023) 33 Knights of Justice and six Professed Conventual Chaplains.

1260: 8372: 8338: 8234: 8221: 8196: 8125: 8036: 7994: 7707: 7002: 6640: 6339: 6275: 5906: 4645:"Archbishop Silvano Tomasi is the new Special Delegate to the Sovereign Order of Malta" 3770: 3424:

Illustrated History of Europe: A Unique Guide to Europe's Common Heritage (1992) p. 282

3336: 3046: 1584: 1474: 1226: 664: 575:

Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta

447: 52:

Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta

5790:

Santolaria de Puey y Cruells, José-Apeles (1997). Escuela Diplomática Española (ed.).

5360: 3441:"La Orden de Malta y su Naturaleza Jurídica (The Order of Malta and Its Legal Nature)" 2563:

Sovrano Militare Ordine Ospedaliero di San Giovanni di Gerusalemme, di Rodi e di Malta

2357:

The Order's coins are appreciated more as collector's items than for use as currency.

1371:

On 19 September 1806, the Swedish government offered the sovereignty of the island of

58:

Sovrano Militare Ordine Ospedaliero di San Giovanni di Gerusalemme, di Rodi e di Malta

8142: 8132: 7873: 7818: 7506: 7418: 7196: 7098: 7044: 6920: 6608: 6456: 6371: 6300: 6005: 5997: 5831: 5812: 5770: 5726: 5700: 5612: 5425: 5243: 5054: 4406: 3408: 3366: 3208: 3183: 3158: 3084: 2687: 2325: 1970: 1952: 1819: 1569: 1568:

as his personal representative to the Order – sidelining the Order's Cardinal Patron

1525: 1218: 1184: 1171:

The Order remained without a territory of its own until 1530, when Grand Master Fra'

1164: 616: 460: 434: 382: 324: 317: 25: 6925: 5517: 5454: 5329:"Corte Suprema di Cassazione; Sezioni unite civili; sentenza 6 giugno 1974, n. 1653" 4622:"'You Cannot Serve Both God And Money': Vatican's Financial Scandal Takes New Twist" 3018: 1785:

Until the beginning of the nineteenth century the Order was divided regionally into

1059:

were grouped according to the languages they spoke. The first seven such groups, or

8443:

Orders of chivalry awarded to heads of state, consorts and sovereign family members

8251: 8120: 7941: 6788: 6697: 6446: 5087:[For French law, the Order of Malta is not a subject of international law.] 5085:

Pour le droit français, l'Ordre de Malte n'est pas un sujet de droit international.

3466: 3371: 3227: 2558: 2406:

Military Corps of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, ACISMOM, in parade during

2292: 2210: 2018: 1940: 1529: 1426: 1399: 1342: 1338: 1290: 1188: 695: 683: 273: 64: 5926:

Permanent Observer Mission of the Order of Malta to the United Nations in New York

1641:

The proceedings of the Order are governed by its Constitutional Charter and Code.

1621: 759:: the State Flag is rectangular with a red background upon which there is a white 8191: 8078: 7977: 7276: 6870: 6837: 6386: 6365: 6329: 5994: 5865:

Ruolo generale del sov. mil. ordine di S. Giovanni de Gerulasemme ovvero di Malta

5690: 5050: 2814: 2807:

Observer Status for the Sovereign Military Order of Malta in the General Assembly

2332: 2318: 2259: 2209:, starting with the prefix "1A". The Order has neither sought nor been granted a 1577: 1549: 1222: 1199: 960: 939: 793: 605: 586: 283: 8308: 8224: 4943: 3375: 1905:

and, at the discretion of the Grand Master and Sovereign Council, may enter the

808:(laypersons having no such restriction). The shield is surrounded with a silver 8275: 8270: 7987: 7982: 7947: 7935: 7408: 7346: 7171: 7103: 6842: 6822: 6812: 6441: 6436: 6376: 5554: 4991: 2762: 2669:

Atti approvati dal Capitolo Generale Straordinario, Ariccia, 25-29 gennaio 2023

2566: 2494: 2369: 1860:

There are currently (2023) 541 Knights in Obedience and 137 Dames in Obedience.

1813: 1655: 1626: 1595: 1298: 1294: 1211: 944: 908: 650: 620: 307: 137: 80: 8152: 5793:

Relaciones jurídicas internacionales de la Soberana Orden de San Juan de Malta

4965: 1797: 1481:, the seat of the order was moved to Ferrara in 1826 and to Rome in 1834. The 919: 8406: 8256: 7387: 7236: 6832: 6827: 6817: 6807: 6702: 6664: 6401: 6391: 6270: 6206: 6191: 6181: 5868:(Roma: Tipografia Poliglotta della S. Congregazione di Propaganda Fide, 1880) 4818: 3735:"Cardinal Burke 'in Office but out of Power' as Job Handed to Papal Delegate" 3295:

Pièces diverses relatives aux operations militaires et pol. du gén. Bonaparte

2377: 2251: 2109: 2012: 2008: 1518: 1490: 1482: 1466: 1415: 1365: 813: 764: 756: 641:("Defence of the faith and assistance to the poor"). The order venerates the 538: 486: 252: 239: 218: 205: 198: 155: 7685: 6406: 5930: 4573:"Pope Francis appoints his Special Delegate to the Sovereign Order of Malta" 3244: 2493:

The Military Corps has become known in mainland Europe for its operation of

1591:

met in May 2019 three of the 62 participants were women for the first time.

964:

church. All the Knights were religious, bound by the three monastic vows of

678:

since 1994. The Order employs about 52,000 doctors, nurses, auxiliaries and

8384: 8169: 8161: 6682: 4398: 4008:"The Chapter General of the Sovereign Order of Malta has been held in Rome" 3075:

The Church Visible: The Ceremonial Life and Protocol of the Catholic Church

1934: 1561: 1544:

The Order experienced a leadership crisis beginning in December 2016, when

912: 805: 646: 5723:

Nobility, Honour and Glory: A Brief Military History of the Order of Malta

5136: 3921:"New Knights of Malta leader genuflects before Francis in Vatican meeting" 3298:(in French). Paris: De l'imprimerie de P. Didot l'aîné. 1800. p. 32. 2353:

Postage stamps and postal history of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta

1462: 1279:

which had just been dissolved. In 1665, the four islands were sold to the

604:

nature. Though it possesses no territory, the order is often considered a

7999: 7863: 7331: 7271: 6748: 6396: 6109: 6001: 5797: 2151:

The Order has formal diplomatic relations with 113 states (including the

1964: 1752:

Grand Priory of Austria (separated from the Grand Priory of Bohemia 1938)

1581: 1451: 1264: 1245: 1159: 1029: 760: 378: 7473:

Orders, decorations, and medals of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta

5925: 4712:"Pope Francis nominates the new Prelate of the Sovereign Order of Malta" 2828:"About Malteser International: For a life in health and dignity for all" 2511:

Orders, decorations, and medals of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta

2420:

Associazione dei cavalieri italiani del sovrano militare ordine di Malta

2201:

has granted radio identification prefixes to the United Nations and the

1206:, was named), defended the island for more than three months during the 7301: 7266: 7246: 5758: 3615:"Pope intervenes in Knights of Malta after head resigns under pressure" 3585:"The Knights of Malta-Vatican feud: a tale of chivalry and sovereignty" 1672: 1237: 951: 911:, founder of the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem. Copper engraving by 871: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 333: 5017: 3981:"Pope Francis extends mandate of special delegate to Knights of Malta" 3766:"Dust up with Order of Malta ends not with a bang but a reinstatement" 2079:

Coat of arms of the Knights of Malta from the façade of the church of

7241: 6726: 6674: 6059: 6009: 3554:"Vatican condom row: pope prevails as Knights of Malta chief resigns" 3320: 2324:

Two bilateral treaties have been concluded between the Order and the

1958: 1906: 1740:

Grand Priory of Rome (founded 1214; expropriated 1808; restored 1816)

1123: 679: 7013: 6133: 5132: 4547:"Cardinal Burke: 'I'm Called the Enemy of the Pope, Which I Am Not'" 4040:(Press release) (in Italian). Holy See Press Office. 1 November 2020 3890:"Working to update the Constitution of the Sovereign Order of Malta" 3646:"Pope Francis Declares All of Festing's Recent Acts 'Null and Void'" 2388: 2143:

List of diplomatic missions of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta

846: 8367: 8343: 8095: 8031: 7748: 7702: 7595: 7576: 7367: 7316: 7311: 7291: 7156: 6997: 6799: 6659: 6567: 4823: 4518:"Cardinal Paolo Sardi, former patron of Order of Malta, dies at 84" 4428:"The Order of Malta's patron Paolo Sardi has been created cardinal" 3131: 2392: 2365: 2361: 2206: 2152: 2104: 2084: 1594:

On 1 November 2020, Pope Francis named Archbishop (later Cardinal)

1502: 1444: 1306: 1241: 1203: 1119: 1107: 1095: 1071: 1067: 1033: 994:

When the last Christian stronghold in the Holy Land fell after the

976: 801: 699: 601: 597: 8047: 7658: 6142: 5916:

Constitution of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta (in Italian)

5859:

by Francesco Bonazzi (Napoli: Libreria Detken & Rocholl, 1907)

5850:

by Francesco Bonazzi (Napoli: Libreria Detken & Rocholl, 1897)

5772:

Evolution and Adaptation: The Order of Saint John in War and Peace

5692:

Popes and Cardinals of the 20th Century: A Biographical Dictionary

2449: 2313: 2023:

The Sovereign Military Order of Malta has collaborated with other

8391: 7341: 7296: 7256: 7216: 7211: 7201: 7186: 7181: 7176: 7161: 7146: 7136: 7126: 7121: 6717: 6118: 5856:

Elenco dei cavaleri del S.M.Ordine di San Giovanni di Gerusalemme

5853:

List of Italian knights of the Order of Malta from 1714 to 1907:

5847:

Elenco dei cavaleri del S.M.Ordine di San Giovanni di Gerusalemme

5844:

List of Italian knights of the Order of Malta from 1136 to 1713:

5485: 4709: 4642: 4570: 4425: 4162:(Press release) (in Italian). Holy See Press Office. 19 June 2023 4134:"The Extraordinary Chapter General Elected the Sovereign Council" 4005: 3887: 3856: 3405:

The Terror Before Trafalgar: Nelson, Napoleon, And The Secret War

2939: 2453: 2402: 1769:

Sub-Priory of Our Lady of Philermo (San Francisco, United States)

1557: 1553: 1478: 1372: 1356: 1099: 1091: 1087: 1047:

In the early 14th century, the institutions of the Order and the

749: 687: 5900: 3828:"Ancient order, modern times: Order of Malta focuses on renewal" 3677:"A triptych on Benedict's papacy, and hints of what lies beyond" 2914:"Pope Francis to receive Knights of Malta grand master Thursday" 2019:

Relationship with other mutually-recognised Orders of Saint John

7382: 7372: 7362: 7336: 7326: 7306: 7286: 7281: 7261: 7231: 7191: 7166: 6983: 6974: 6743: 6733: 6423: 6356: 6055: 4693:"Prelate: Ecclesiastical superior of the Order of Malta clergy" 3370:. s3-III (66). Oxford University Press: 270–273. 4 April 1863. 2113: 1708:

elects the Grand Master or the Lieutenant of the Grand Master.

1548:

protested his removal as Grand Chancellor by Grand Master Fra'

1083: 1075: 1056: 1052: 1048: 1021: 999: 928: 924: 821: 817: 809: 796:, the Order of Malta is one of only two orders (along with the 745: 551: 5225:

Law Among Nations: An Introduction to Public International Law

4108:"Ordine di Malta. Sovrano Consiglio, elette le alte 4 cariche" 1775:

Sub-Priory of The Immaculate Conception (Melbourne, Australia)

740:

Flag and coat of arms of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta

7377: 7321: 7251: 7226: 6511: 5100:

Il diritto di legazione attivo e passivo dell'Ordine de Malta

4845: 4772: 4405:. Toulouse: Presses universitaires du Midi. p. 407-416. 4369: 4312: 4281: 4250: 4224: 4198: 3103: 3044: 2983: 2856: 2805:

United Nations General Assembly, Session 48, Resolution 265,

2707: 2368:

that lack full diplomatic relations with the Order. In 2005,

2336: 1893:

There are currently (2023) 12,395 members of the Third Class.

1434: 1176: 1079: 1041: 1037: 782: 778: 632: 32: 5789: 5361:

Paul, Chevalier (pseudonym of a French knight of the SMOM).

2279:

warned, that it has the legal treatment of foreign states".

8320: 6687: 6255: 3859:"The Constitutional Reform of the Sovereign Order of Malta" 3498:"Pope probes Order of Malta ouster over old condom scandal" 2632:. Rome: Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 3 September 2022 2373: 2360:

Some 58 countries recognize the Order's postage stamps for

2250:

On 24 January 1953, the Tribunal of Cardinals appointed by

1801:

A Knight of Grace and Devotion in contemporary church robes

1772:

Sub-Priory of Our Lady of Lourdes (New York, United States)

1556:

were found to have been distributed by other aid groups in

194: 7666: 7650: 7616: 7590: 7575:

First Category: Knights and Dames of Honour and Devotion (

7571: 4182:"Fra' John Dunlap 81st Grand Master of the Order of Malta" 2155:) and has official relations with another five states and 2133:

Foreign relations of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta

1191:, for which the order had to honour the conditions of the 8468:

Catholic religious orders established in the 11th century

7608: 7601: 7594:

Third Category: Knights and Dames of Grace and Devotion (

7583: 7554: 7545: 7536: 5920: 5763:

The Dictator Pope: The Inside Story of the Francis Papacy

4060:"Pope promulgates new Constitution of the Order of Malta" 2456:

of the air force of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta

1663:

of honour pertaining to a sovereign. Both the Lieutenant

943:

under the guidance of its founder, the religious brother

5308:"The Order of Malta, Sovereignty, and International Law" 5113:

Astraudo, A. (1935). "Saint-marin et l'Ordre de Malta".

4498: 4474: 4462: 3801:"Why the pope has taken control of the Knights of Malta" 3011:"Pseudo Orden und ihr Auftreten in Österreich 1996–2008" 2197:

and a number of international organizations. While the

7519: 7512: 7502: 4486: 4450: 3443:. Caracas, Distrito Capital, Venezuela: Analítica.com. 3356: 3354: 3352: 2964: 2758:"Who Are the Knights of Malta — and What Do They Want?" 2397:

Military Corps of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta

2308: 2163:

around the world and many of the states reciprocate by

1685:

Council of the Professed Knights, and four Councilors.

5044:

The Holy See, the Order of Malta and International Law

4426:

Sovereign Military Order of Malta (25 November 2010).

3888:

Sovereign Military Order of Malta (17 November 2017).

3710:(in Italian). Holy See Press Office. 2 February 2017. 3467:"Knights of Malta Catholic order celebrates 900 years" 2852: 2850: 2848: 1766:

Sub-Priory of St. George and St. James (Madrid, Spain)

938:

dates back to around 1048. Merchants from the ancient

38:"Knight of Malta" redirects here. For other uses, see 8356: 7541:

Knights and Dames of Honour and Devotion in Obedience

5390: 4643:

Sovereign Military Order of Malta (1 November 2020).

4571:

Sovereign Military Order of Malta (6 February 2017).

4399:"I Donati nell'organizzazione giovannita e melitense" 1847:

Knights and Dames of Honour and Devotion in Obedience

830: 7620:

Sixth Category: Donats of Devotion (male and female)

7612:

Fifth Category: Knights and Dames of Magistral Grace

7550:

Knights and Dames of Grace and Devotion in Obedience

5207: 3953:(Press release). Holy See Press Office. 4 May 2018. 3349: 2007:

On 4 July 2015 Pope Francis named as Prelate Bishop

1850:

Knights and Dames of Grace and Devotion in Obedience

1457: 8433:

Orders of chivalry under protection of the Holy See

5775:. Ordines Militares. Colloquia Torunensia Historica 5769:Güttner-Sporzyński, Darius von (15 January 2013) . 5746:. London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge 5553:. Sovereign Military Order of Malta. Archived from 5486:Sovereign Military Order of Malta (13 March 2001). 2845: 5911:(in English, French, German, Italian, and Spanish) 5768: 5541: 5539: 5445: 5443: 5416: 5414: 3857:Sovereign Military Order of Malta (28 June 2017). 3072: 2686: 2504: 2376:-denominated postage stamps in 2005, although the 1667:and the Lieutenant of the Grand Master are styled 7559:Knights and Dames of Magistral Grace in Obedience 5874:"How did Pope Francis change the Order of Malta?" 4710:Sovereign Military Order of Malta (4 July 2015). 2031:in Jerusalem, which is primarily operated by the 1853:Knights and Dames of Magistral Grace in Obedience 144:"Defence of the faith and assistance to the poor" 8473:1090s establishments in the Kingdom of Jerusalem 8404: 7587:Second Category: Conventual Chaplains ad honorem 5545: 5167:(9th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. 4006:Sovereign Military Order of Malta (2 May 2019). 3321:Sir Richard Broun, K.T.; Bart, G.C.J.J. (1857). 2027:; for example, the SMOM is a major donor of the 1341:, gave the largest number of knights shelter in 7918:Order of Saint Sylvester and the Militia Aurata 7750:Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See 5765:, Washington DC, Regnery Publishing, 2017–2018. 5536: 5440: 5411: 5277:(15). The Holy See: 765–767. 30 November 1953. 4936:"ARRLWeb: DXCC Entities List (Current, 1A0-9Z)" 2940:"Malta Permanent Mission to the United Nations" 2619: 2364:purposes, including several such as Canada and 1383:The French forces occupying Malta expelled the 1198:In 1565, the Knights, led by Grand Master Fra' 1012:History of Rhodes under the Order of Saint John 744:The Order of Malta comprises a large number of 5363:"An Essay on the Order of St. John (S.M.O.M.)" 5071:"Point de Presse Declarations du Porte-Parole" 3825: 3234:(London: Longman, Brown, Green, 1858). p. 457. 3157:. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 8–9. 2800: 2798: 2617: 2615: 2613: 2611: 2609: 2607: 2605: 2603: 2601: 2599: 2346: 2245: 1155:History of Malta under the Order of Saint John 24:. For the period of Malta under its rule, see 8063: 7734: 7450: 7029: 5956: 5546:Solaro del Borgo, Fausto (17 November 2007). 5182:. Amsterdam: North Holland. pp. IV, 512. 3763: 2424: 2418: 1949:, O.P. (10 November 1978 – 9 April 1984) 1755:Grand Priory of England (re-established 1993) 1609:On 19 June 2023, Pope Francis named Cardinal 1400:Grand Baillies Field Marshal Counto Soltikoff 1297:wearing the Crown of the Grand Master of the 710: 56: 5871: 5862:List of members of the Order of Malta 1880: 5227:(6th revised ed.). Sweet & Maxwell. 5079:(in French). 7 February 1997. Archived from 4306: 3560:. Reuters in Vatican City. 24 January 2017. 3207:. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 10. 2380:remains the official currency of the Order. 1763:Sub-Priory of St. Michael (Cologne, Germany) 1347:Russian tradition of the Knights Hospitaller 1259:. On 21 May 1651 it acquired the islands of 1187:as monarchs of Sicily, with the approval of 8428:Orders following the Rule of Saint Benedict 8212:County Palatine of Cephalonia and Zakynthos 5828:The Knights of Malta: A Modern Resurrection 5720: 5656:"Treno Ospedale Attrezzato Per L'Emergenza" 5653: 5178:Steinberger, Helmut (2000). "Sovereignty". 5177: 5018:"The Coins of the Sovereign Order of Malta" 4911:"Intergovernmental and Other Organizations" 4613: 4357:The Knights of Malta: A Modern Resurrection 3182:. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 9. 3070: 2967:"Intergovernmental and Other Organizations" 2795: 2596: 1778:Sub-Priory of St. Oliver Plunkett (Ireland) 923:Portrait of an unknown Knight of Malta, by 636: 153: 129: 72: 8070: 8056: 7741: 7727: 7457: 7443: 7036: 7022: 5963: 5949: 5905: 5301: 5299: 4992:"Sovereign Order of Malta – Official site" 4350: 4348: 4346: 4344: 4342: 4340: 4078: 3341:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 3272:"From the Loss of Malta to the Modern Era" 3205:Napoleon's Egypt: Invading the Middle East 3180:Napoleon's Egypt: Invading the Middle East 3155:Napoleon's Egypt: Invading the Middle East 2680: 2678: 2180:specialized agencies of the United Nations 1513:(1931–1951). Under the Grand Masters Fra' 1437:, which was to be restored to a recreated 528:39 vowed members (33 knights; 6 chaplains) 182: 8483:United Nations General Assembly observers 7094:Commission against Racism and Intolerance 5872:Gagliarducci, Andrea (6 September 2022). 5688: 5391:Vittorio Emanuele III (2 December 1929). 5240:International Law: A Student Introduction 5222: 5192: 5180:Encyclopaedia of Public International Law 5097: 4808:Carta Costituzionale e Codice, Articolo 2 4799:Carta Costituzionale e Codice, Articolo 4 4504: 4492: 4480: 4468: 4456: 4088:. Holy See Press Office. 3 September 2022 3978: 3521: 3434: 3432: 3430: 2662: 2660: 2658: 2656: 2654: 2652: 2426:Corpo Militare dell'Esercito dell'ACISMOM 1167:(1571), unknown artist, late 16th century 1020:, the knights regrouped on the island of 887:Learn how and when to remove this message 31:For the unrelated Republic of Malta, see 7089:Commission for the Efficiency of Justice 5811:. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. 5256: 5162: 5112: 4619: 4359:. London: Third Millennium. p. 286. 3674: 3582: 3495: 3407:. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. 3040: 3038: 3036: 2459: 2448: 2401: 2387: 2312: 2195:International Committee of the Red Cross 2103: 2092: 2074: 2054: 2025:mutually-recognized Orders of Saint John 1909:to become professed Knights of Justice. 1871:Knights and Dames of Honour and Devotion 1796: 1620: 1539: 1461: 1285: 1158: 918: 903: 728:International Committee of the Red Cross 719:United Nations General Assembly observer 7846:Medal of the Order pro Merito Melitensi 5830:. Bevin Way, London: Third Millennium. 5609:Military Aircraft Insignia of the World 5510: 5296: 5237: 5208:Waldstein-Wartenberg, Berthold (1969). 5147: 4747:. Saint John Eye Hospital Group. 2017. 4544: 4396: 4337: 3918: 3826:Arocho Esteves, Junno (3 August 2017). 3382:from the original on 11 September 2020. 3331:from the original on 11 September 2020. 2755: 2675: 2266: 2050: 1877:Knights and Dames of Grace and Devotion 1275:. These were purchased from the French 781:over a princely mantle surmounted by a 8453:Religious organisations based in Italy 8405: 5498:from the original on 16 September 2016 5165:Principles of Public International Law 5137:http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1140462 4325:from the original on 15 September 2016 3643: 3438: 3427: 3269: 3129: 2782: 2756:Keating, Joshua E. (19 January 2011). 2666:Gran Priorato di Lombardia e Venezia. 2649: 2575: 2176:General Assembly of the United Nations 2015:, who had held the office since 2001. 1749:Grand Priory of Bohemia (founded 1182) 1499:Giovanni Battista Ceschi a Santa Croce 8051: 7722: 7438: 7043: 7017: 5944: 5739: 5524:from the original on 22 February 2018 5397:Gazzetta Ufficiale del Regno d'Italia 5284:from the original on 14 February 2015 5242:(5th ed.). Sweet & Maxwell. 4998:from the original on 23 February 2018 4968:. Targheitaliane.it. 24 August 1994. 4754:from the original on 2 September 2018 3764:O'Connell, Gerard (3 February 2017). 3733:Lamb, Christopher (30 January 2017). 3522:Tornielli, Andrea (26 January 2017). 3496:Winfield, Nicole (22 December 2016). 3302:from the original on 10 November 2014 3033: 2225:, licence plates, stamps, and coins. 2199:International Telecommunication Union 1912: 1816:of poverty, chastity, and obedience: 1728: 611:The order claims continuity with the 7690:Malteser International Service Medal 7605:Fourth Category: Magistral Chaplains 5825: 5804: 5590:from the original on 6 November 2018 5024:from the original on 28 October 2017 4620:Poggioli, Sylvia (14 October 2020). 4438:from the original on 6 February 2017 4354: 3745:from the original on 30 January 2017 3732: 3714:from the original on 17 January 2018 3656:from the original on 27 January 2017 3625:from the original on 25 January 2017 3595:from the original on 29 January 2017 3583:Pullella, Philip (29 January 2017). 3564:from the original on 25 January 2017 3534:from the original on 26 January 2017 3477:from the original on 9 February 2013 3362:"The Order of St. John of Jerusalem" 3202: 3177: 3152: 2740:World Orders of Knighthood and Merit 2684: 2309:Relations with the Republic of Malta 2165:accrediting ambassadors to the Order 2100:of the Order, as seen in Rome, Italy 2038: 1967:(6 June 2009 – 8 November 2014) 1886:Donats (male and female) of Devotion 1883:Knights and Dames of Magistral Grace 1521:(1988–2008), the projects expanded. 998:in 1291, the order settled first in 869:adding citations to reliable sources 840: 733: 8077: 6713:Church of Saint Mary of the Germans 6137: 5342:(6): 1471/1472–1475/1476. June 1975 5212:. Wien: Verlag Herold. p. 264. 5210:Rechtsgeschichte des Malteserordens 4908: 4890:from the original on 23 August 2022 4858:from the original on 9 October 2011 4846:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 4773:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 4378:from the original on 3 January 2017 4370:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 4313:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 4282:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 4251:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 4225:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 4199:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 3931:from the original on 21 August 2017 3919:McElwee, Joshua J. (23 June 2017). 3869:from the original on 22 August 2017 3838:from the original on 21 August 2017 3142:(1): 2–11 – via academia.edu. 3104:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 3071:Noonan, Jr., James-Charles (1996). 3045:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 2984:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 2857:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 2788:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 2770:from the original on 30 August 2018 2708:Sovereign Military Order of Malta. 2228: 1983: 1961:(8 May 1993 – 11 January 2009) 1926:(Cardinal Patron), who is either a 1552:. Von Boeselager was removed after 1257:ruled four islands in the Caribbean 1173:Philippe de Villiers de l'Isle Adam 1028:, fighting battles for the sake of 619:that was founded about 1099 by the 13: 8423:Military orders (monastic society) 7901:Order of Saint John of the Lateran 7629: 5714: 5635:from the original on 24 March 2012 5305: 4819:"Mass commemorates knights leader" 4545:Douthat, Ross (12 November 2019). 3778:from the original on 18 April 2017 3644:Pentin, Edward (26 January 2017). 3447:from the original on 1 August 2015 2946:from the original on 22 April 2016 2918:Agenzia Nazionale Stampa Associata 2184:UN Central Emergency Response Fund 2033:Most Venerable Order of Saint John 1955:(26 May 1984 – 21 March 1993) 1943:(3 July 1969 – 17 March 1978) 1937:(8 August 1961 – 3 July 1969) 1917: 1601:On 3 September 2022, Pope Francis 1528:and a Mass celebrated by Cardinal 1511:Ludovico Chigi Albani della Rovere 1345:, an action that gave rise to the 1236:, which split Western Europe into 1202:(after whom the capital of Malta, 1179:, granted to the order by Emperor 1016:In 1310, led by Grand Master Fra' 971:The constitution of the Christian 831:History of the Order of Saint John 713:Agenzia Nazionale Stampa Associata 638:Tuitio fidei et obsequium pauperum 131:Tuitio fidei et obsequium pauperum 14: 8504: 8413:Sovereign Military Order of Malta 7836:Sovereign Military Order of Malta 7424:Serbia and Montenegro (2003–2006) 5980:Sovereign Military Order of Malta 5931:The Order of Malta Magistral Post 5892: 5133:https://ssrn.com/abstract=1140462 5076:Ministère des Affaires étrangères 4972:from the original on 19 July 2011 4781:from the original on 23 June 2017 4294:from the original on 23 June 2017 4284:"Receiver of the Common Treasure" 4263:from the original on 23 June 2017 3900:from the original on 12 June 2018 3687:from the original on 12 June 2017 3675:Allen J., John L. (13 May 2011). 3251:from the original on 4 March 2012 3232:A History of the Knights of Malta 2869:from the original on 9 March 2018 2534:List of Knights Hospitaller sites 2383: 2193:The Order has relations with the 2059:Foreign relations with the SMOM: 1458:Sovereign Military Order of Malta 1318:Ferdinand von Hompesch zu Bolheim 1175:took possession of the island of 627:. The order is led by an elected 567:Sovereign Military Order of Malta 363: 8390: 8378: 8366: 8151: 8030: 8018: 8005:Other Catholic orders of chivaly 7701: 7684: 7665: 7657: 7649: 7615: 7607: 7600: 7589: 7582: 7570: 7553: 7544: 7535: 7518: 7511: 7501: 7466: 6996: 6973: 6957: 6732: 6708:Church of Saint John the Baptist 6355: 6323: 6283: 6264: 6151: 6141: 6132: 6117: 6014: 5983: 5972: 5647: 5621: 5602: 5572: 5479: 5469: 5384: 5354: 5321: 5231: 5216: 5201: 5186: 5171: 5156: 5141: 5125: 5106: 4775:"The Nuns of the Order of Malta" 3979:Brockhaus, Hannah (4 May 2018). 3391:The Freemasons' Monthly Magazine 2969:. United Nations. Archived from 2108:Flags of Knights Hospitaller in 2011:. Laffitte succeeded Archbishop 1690:Council of the Professed Knights 1546:Albrecht Freiherr von Boeselager 1398:of Grand Master was held by the 1277:Compagnie des Îles de l'Amérique 845: 752:and non-Catholic organizations. 608:entity under international law. 169: 108: 94: 40:Knight of Malta (disambiguation) 6197:Orders, decorations, and medals 6040: 5682: 5091: 5063: 5036: 5010: 4984: 4958: 4928: 4902: 4883:Central Emergency Response Fund 4870: 4839: 4811: 4802: 4793: 4766: 4734: 4703: 4685: 4667: 4636: 4595: 4564: 4553: 4538: 4510: 4419: 4390: 4363: 4275: 4244: 4218: 4192: 4174: 4152: 4126: 4100: 4052: 4030: 3999: 3987:from the original on 4 May 2018 3972: 3957:from the original on 5 May 2018 3943: 3912: 3881: 3850: 3819: 3793: 3757: 3726: 3700: 3668: 3637: 3607: 3576: 3546: 3515: 3489: 3459: 3418: 3397: 3314: 3286: 3263: 3237: 3221: 3196: 3171: 3146: 3123: 3097: 3064: 3003: 2977: 2958: 2932: 2906: 2881: 2820: 2689:Report from Practically Nowhere 2505:Orders, decorations, and medals 2317:Flags of Malta and the SMOM on 1874:Conventual Chaplains ad honorem 1616: 966:poverty, chastity and obedience 856:needs additional citations for 804:may be displayed in a clerical 724:International Olympic Committee 676:United Nations General Assembly 364:Receiver of the Common Treasure 8283:Livonian Brothers of the Sword 8170:Latin Empire of Constantinople 7783:Order of St. Gregory the Great 6988: 6881:Conquest of Rhodes (1306–1310) 6751: 6720: 6611: 6592: 6578: 6556: 6522: 6343: 6146: 6128:Order of Malta Ambulance Corps 5721:Burlamacchi, Maurizio (2013). 4160:"Rinunce e nomine, 19.06.2023" 2832:www.malteser-international.org 2749: 2732: 2701: 2552: 2539:Order of Malta Ambulance Corps 2188:intergovernmental organization 2124:Pierre d'Aubusson (1476–1503); 2120:Fabrizio Carretto (1513–1514); 2070: Other official relations 1973:(8 November 2014–19 June 2023) 1842:Knights and Dames in Obedience 1825:Professed Conventual Chaplains 1102:– became eight in 1492, when 1: 8217:Lordship of Argos and Nauplia 7951: 7084:Commissioner for Human Rights 5689:Lentz III, Harris M. (2015). 4114:(in Italian). 27 January 2023 3524:"The Order of Malta's crisis" 2965:United Nations Organization. 2642:Also available in English as 2626:Carta Costituzionale e Codice 2589: 2126:Jacques de Milly (1454–1451). 2122:Amaury d'Amboise (1503–1512); 1844:make a Promise of Obedience: 1792: 1636: 1255:From 1651 to 1665, the Order 1193:Tribute of the Maltese Falcon 1181:Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor 511:0 km (0 sq mi) 401: 340:Riccardo Paternò di Montecupo 8438:Orders of chivalry in Europe 6992:Demolished or sparse remains 6779:Colonization of the Americas 4942:. 6 May 2008. Archived from 4560:Rinunce e nomine, 19.06.2023 2817:. Retrieved 24 February 2017 2499:Ferrovieri Engineer Regiment 2488: 2444: 2288:Victor Emmanuel III of Italy 2148:race, sex, origin and age". 2081:San Giovannino dei Cavalieri 1736:The six Grand Priories are: 1613:to succeed Burke as patron. 694:, the order aids victims of 577:, and commonly known as the 406:; 925 years ago 394:• Establishment of the 16:Catholic lay religious order 7: 8478:1099 establishments in Asia 8458:Former governments in exile 8448:Organisations based in Rome 8418:Catholic orders of chivalry 8265:State of the Teutonic Order 8138:Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia 7814:Order of the Holy Sepulchre 6969:(with year of proclamation) 6916:Great Siege of Malta (1565) 6774:Principality of Heitersheim 6465:St John (Conventual Church) 6290:Villa del Priorato di Malta 5743:Knights of Malta, 1523–1798 5223:Von Glahn, Gerhard (1992). 5197:. Stuttgart: W. Kohlhammer. 5098:Cansacchi, Giorgio (1940). 3439:Arocha, Magaly (May 1999). 2522: 2347:Currency and postage stamps 2246:Relations with the Holy See 1515:Angelo de Mojana di Cologna 1485:in Via Condotti 68 and the 1360:Grand Master of the Order. 899: 798:Order of the Holy Sepulchre 774:and surmounted by a crown. 233:Villa del Priorato di Malta 10: 8509: 7841:Order pro Merito Melitensi 7642:Order pro merito Melitensi 7409:Czechoslovakia (1991–1992) 6654:Palace of the Grand Master 4397:De Anna, Luigi G. (2004). 3925:National Catholic Reporter 3832:National Catholic Reporter 3681:National Catholic Reporter 3650:National Catholic Register 3270:Sainty, Guy Stair (2000). 3245:"Focus on Malta – History" 2517:Order pro Merito Melitensi 2508: 2350: 2276:Supreme Court of Cassation 2215:international dialing code 2182:. One such example is the 2136: 2130: 2098:Vehicle registration plate 2064: Diplomatic relations 1998: 1759:The six Sub-Priories are: 1454:, Italy, and Switzerland. 1311:French occupation of Malta 1152: 1009: 834: 737: 18: 8329: 8250: 8160: 8149: 8094: 8085: 8013: 7970: 7887: 7879:Jerusalem Pilgrim's Cross 7869:Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice 7856: 7796: 7756: 7696: 7677: 7640: 7627: 7565: 7528: 7490: 7479: 7401: 7355: 7112: 7051: 6952: 6931:Battle of Damietta (1732) 6866:Siege of Jerusalem (1187) 6856: 6798: 6787: 6761: 6673: 6639: 6566: 6510: 6503: 6455: 6422: 6309: 6299: 6254: 6220: 6174: 6108: 6028: 5992: 5238:Wallace, Rebecca (2005). 5193:Dahm, Georg (1958–1961). 5148:Wengler, Wilhelm (1964). 3834:. Catholic News Service. 3376:10.1093/nq/s3-III.66.270d 1706:Council Complete of State 1313:. Napoleon demanded from 1281:French West India Company 1005: 989: 956:Pie postulatio voluntatis 940:Marine Republic of Amalfi 711: 672:permanent observer status 544: 534: 520: 515: 505: 500: 496: 483: 470: 457: 444: 431: 418: 392: 388: 377: 373: 360: 345: 330: 313: 298: 294: 289: 279: 269: 190: 181: 148: 124: 90: 50: 8202:Duchy of the Archipelago 7924:Advocates of Saint Peter 7773:Order of the Golden Spur 6921:Battle of Lepanto (1571) 5049:21 November 2015 at the 4878:"Contributions by donor" 4848:"Multilateral Relations" 4186:Sovereign Order of Malta 4138:Sovereign Order of Malta 3983:. Catholic News Agency. 2893:Sovereign Order of Malta 2813:26 February 2017 at the 2545: 2483:Italian Air Force Museum 2470:Italian Air Force Museum 2217:for telephone purposes. 1378: 1148: 1143:Suleiman the Magnificent 1110:were separated from the 959:dated 15 February 1113, 355:Alessandro de Franciscis 8182:Kingdom of Thessalonica 8116:Principality of Antioch 8088:List of Crusader states 8025:Vatican City portal 7768:Supreme Order of Christ 7419:Saar (assoc. 1950–1956) 7069:Parliamentary Assembly 7064:Committee of Ministers 6911:Siege of Tripoli (1551) 6906:Invasion of Gozo (1551) 4315:"National Institutions" 3130:Eiland, Murray (2013). 2738:Sainty, Guy Stair, ed. 2693:. Harper. p. 140. 2213:for the Internet or an 2157:with the European Union 1647:Prince and Grand Master 1631:Prince and Grand Master 1337:. The Russian Emperor, 1225:, half brother of King 790:ecclesiastical heraldry 629:prince and grand master 270:Official languages 8304:Bishopric of Ösel–Wiek 8207:Triarchy of Negroponte 8187:Principality of Achaea 8175:Duchy of Philippopolis 8037:Catholicism portal 7906:Order of Saint Cecilia 7788:Order of St. Sylvester 7708:Catholicism portal 7679:Malteser International 7634: 7531:(promise of obedience) 7152:Bosnia and Herzegovina 7003:Catholicism portal 6871:Battle of Arsuf (1191) 6382:Santa Margherita Lines 6123:Malteser International 6088:Diplomatic missions to 6083:Diplomatic missions of 5271:Acta Apostolicae Sedis 5163:Brownlie, Ian (2019). 3394:, 18 April 1863, p. 3. 3327:. london. p. 21. 2644:Constitutional Charter 2570: 2562: 2478:Savoia-Marchetti SM.82 2472: 2466:Savoia-Marchetti SM.82 2457: 2442: 2425: 2419: 2411: 2408:Festa della Repubblica 2399: 2321: 2296: 2159:. The Order maintains 2128: 2101: 2088: 2072: 1979:(19 June 2023-present) 1802: 1633: 1534:Saint Peter's Basilica 1470: 1302: 1168: 931: 916: 692:Malteser International 686:people, refugees, and 637: 166:Hail, thou White Cross 154: 130: 73: 57: 8493:Religion and politics 8294:Bishopric of Courland 8289:Archbishopric of Riga 7930:Blessed sword and hat 7778:Order of Pope Pius IX 7633: 7516:Conventual Chaplains 7079:Court of Human Rights 6926:Raid on Żejtun (1614) 6432:Grand Master's Palace 6187:Flag and coat of arms 6008:, founded in 1099 in 5826:Sire, H.J.A. (2016). 5805:Sire, H.J.A. (1994). 5518:"Associate Countries" 5115:La Revue Diplomatique 4355:Sire, H.J.A. (2016). 3415:. OCLC 56419314.p. 78 3132:"A Snapshot of Malta" 3047:"Flags & Emblems" 2859:"Bilateral Relations" 2463: 2452: 2431: 2405: 2391: 2316: 2203:Palestinian Authority 2137:Further information: 2107: 2096: 2078: 2058: 2004:the Cardinal Patron. 1800: 1652:Most Eminent Highness 1624: 1540:Constitutional reform 1465: 1289: 1183:and his mother Queen 1162: 1055:from every corner of 1026:eastern Mediterranean 922: 907: 655:Our Lady of Philermos 592:, traditionally of a 526:13,191 members (2023) 253:41.88361°N 12.47750°E 219:41.90528°N 12.48056°E 8104:Kingdom of Jerusalem 7995:Pontifical academies 6936:Loss of Malta (1798) 6876:Siege of Acre (1291) 6544:Castille et Portugal 6539:Auvergne et Provence 6022:Kingdom of Jerusalem 5878:Catholic News Agency 5808:The Knights of Malta 5759:Colonna, Marcantonio 5697:McFarland Publishing 5399:. pp. 5393–5394 5020:. Orderofmalta.int. 4994:. Orderofmalta.int. 3502:The Associated Press 3403:Pocock, Tom (2005). 3384:The paper cited the 3106:"Names of the Order" 2286:By a decree of King 2267:Relations with Italy 2110:Saint Peter's Castle 2051:International status 2045:enclosed monasteries 2029:St John Eye Hospital 1977:Gianfranco Ghirlanda 1947:Paul-Pierre Philippe 1822:or Professed Knights 1611:Gianfranco Ghirlanda 1412:Giovanni y Centelles 1335:German mediatisation 1018:Foulques de Villaret 973:Kingdom of Jerusalem 865:improve this article 625:Kingdom of Jerusalem 8299:Bishopric of Dorpat 8230:Knights Hospitaller 7961:Papal Lateran Cross 7806:(with distinctions) 6980:World Heritage Site 6966:extraterritoriality 6739:Krak des Chevaliers 6480:Our Lady of Victory 6175:Society and culture 5457:on 19 November 2014 5428:on 19 November 2014 5306:Sainty, Guy Stair. 5152:. Berlin: Springer. 4253:"Grand Hospitaller" 3621:. 24 January 2017. 3473:. 9 February 2013. 3276:ChivalricOrders.org 3203:Cole, Juan (2007). 3178:Cole, Juan (2007). 3153:Cole, Juan (2007). 2685:Sack, John (1959). 2529:Knights Hospitaller 2161:diplomatic missions 1924:Cardinalis Patronus 1880:Magistral Chaplains 1585:full dress uniforms 1517:(1962–88) and Fra' 1429:(1802) obliged the 1385:Knights Hospitaller 1122:or Grand Priories, 984:Sermon on the Mount 936:Knights Hospitaller 837:Knights Hospitaller 772:Collar of the Order 613:Knights Hospitaller 590:lay religious order 396:Knights Hospitaller 249: / 215: / 22:Knights Hospitaller 8339:Crusading movement 8235:Hospitaller Rhodes 8197:Duchy of Neopatras 7857:Other distinctions 7635: 7481:Sovereign Military 7414:Russia (1996–2022) 6470:Our Lady of Liesse 5740:Cohen, R. (1920). 4946:on 11 October 2007 4722:on 25 October 2017 4699:. 6 February 2017. 4681:. 1 November 2020. 4655:on 29 January 2022 4609:. 4 February 2017. 4583:on 29 January 2022 4372:"Knights of Malta" 4227:"Grand Chancellor" 4066:. 3 September 2022 3136:The Armiger's News 3079:. Viking. p. 2942:. United Nations. 2889:"Magistral Palace" 2790:"Knights of Malta" 2473: 2458: 2412: 2400: 2322: 2129: 2102: 2089: 2073: 1913:Religious officers 1820:Knights of Justice 1803: 1729:Regional divisions 1720:Government Council 1634: 1475:Congress of Vienna 1471: 1387:from the country. 1303: 1227:Philip II of Spain 1169: 1098:and Ireland), and 932: 917: 755:The Order has two 665:Knights of Justice 573:), officially the 258:41.88361; 12.47750 224:41.90528; 12.48056 8354: 8353: 8321:Free City of Riga 8143:Kingdom of Cyprus 8133:County of Tripoli 8045: 8044: 7912:Order of the Moor 7894: 7874:Benemerenti medal 7819:Palm of Jerusalem 7807: 7716: 7715: 7625: 7624: 7507:Knight of Justice 7432: 7431: 7099:Venice Commission 7059:Secretary General 7045:Council of Europe 7011: 7010: 6948: 6947: 6944: 6943: 6885:Sieges of Rhodes 6683:Saint John d'Acre 6635: 6634: 6631: 6630: 6475:Our Lady of Pilar 6164:Ships of the line 6078:Foreign relations 6046:Sovereign Council 6006:international law 6002:sovereign subject 5998:order of chivalry 5732:978-88-222-6247-9 5695:. Jefferson, NC: 5654:Ordine di Malta. 4909:Nations, United. 4201:"Grand Commander" 4140:. 28 January 2023 3807:. 7 February 2017 3413:978-1-59114-681-0 3386:Synoptical Sketch 3367:Notes and Queries 2326:Republic of Malta 2258:On 24 June 1961, 2039:Nuns of the Order 1953:Sebastiano Baggio 1713:Board of Auditors 1681:Sovereign Council 1526:Pope Benedict XVI 1439:Order of St. John 1265:Saint Christopher 1250:Johanniter orders 1219:Battle of Lepanto 1185:Joanna of Castile 1165:Battle of Lepanto 934:The birth of the 897: 896: 889: 734:Name and insignia 707:its own passports 696:natural disasters 563: 562: 422:Papal recognition 383:international law 379:Sovereign subject 349:Grand Hospitaller 325:Emmanuel Rousseau 175: 26:Hospitaller Malta 8500: 8488:Knights of Malta 8463:Overseas empires 8395: 8394: 8383: 8382: 8381: 8371: 8370: 8362: 8314:Order of Dobrzyń 8242:Genoese colonies 8155: 8121:County of Edessa 8072: 8065: 8058: 8049: 8048: 8035: 8034: 8023: 8022: 8021: 7956: 7953: 7942:Fidei et Virtuti 7892: 7805: 7800:under protection 7743: 7736: 7729: 7720: 7719: 7706: 7705: 7688: 7669: 7661: 7653: 7619: 7611: 7604: 7593: 7586: 7574: 7557: 7548: 7539: 7522: 7515: 7505: 7488: 7487: 7471: 7470: 7459: 7452: 7445: 7436: 7435: 7038: 7031: 7024: 7015: 7014: 7001: 7000: 6991: 6978: 6977: 6962: 6961: 6796: 6795: 6754: 6737: 6736: 6723: 6698:Belvoir Fortress 6614: 6595: 6581: 6559: 6525: 6508: 6507: 6447:San Anton Palace 6360: 6359: 6346: 6328: 6327: 6307: 6306: 6288: 6287: 6269: 6268: 6252: 6251: 6155: 6145: 6136: 6121: 6020: 6018: 6017: 5987: 5978: 5976: 5975: 5965: 5958: 5951: 5942: 5941: 5912: 5909: 5904: 5903: 5901:Official website 5888: 5886: 5884: 5841: 5822: 5801: 5784: 5782: 5780: 5755: 5753: 5751: 5736: 5710: 5676: 5675: 5673: 5671: 5662:. Archived from 5660:Orderofmalta.int 5651: 5645: 5644: 5642: 5640: 5629:"Hospital train" 5625: 5619: 5606: 5600: 5599: 5597: 5595: 5584:Orderofmalta.int 5576: 5570: 5569: 5567: 5565: 5559: 5552: 5543: 5534: 5533: 5531: 5529: 5514: 5508: 5507: 5505: 5503: 5492:orderofmalta.int 5483: 5477: 5473: 5467: 5466: 5464: 5462: 5453:. Archived from 5447: 5438: 5437: 5435: 5433: 5424:. Archived from 5418: 5409: 5408: 5406: 5404: 5388: 5382: 5381: 5376: 5374: 5365:. Archived from 5358: 5352: 5351: 5349: 5347: 5336:Il Foro Italiano 5333: 5325: 5319: 5318: 5316: 5314: 5303: 5294: 5293: 5291: 5289: 5283: 5268: 5260: 5254: 5253: 5235: 5229: 5228: 5220: 5214: 5213: 5205: 5199: 5198: 5190: 5184: 5183: 5175: 5169: 5168: 5160: 5154: 5153: 5145: 5139: 5129: 5123: 5122: 5110: 5104: 5103: 5095: 5089: 5088: 5067: 5061: 5040: 5034: 5033: 5031: 5029: 5014: 5008: 5007: 5005: 5003: 4988: 4982: 4981: 4979: 4977: 4962: 4956: 4955: 4953: 4951: 4932: 4926: 4925: 4923: 4921: 4906: 4900: 4899: 4897: 4895: 4874: 4868: 4867: 4865: 4863: 4852:Orderofmalta.int 4843: 4837: 4836: 4834: 4832: 4815: 4809: 4806: 4800: 4797: 4791: 4790: 4788: 4786: 4770: 4764: 4763: 4761: 4759: 4753: 4746: 4738: 4732: 4731: 4729: 4727: 4718:. Archived from 4716:Orderofmalta.int 4707: 4701: 4700: 4697:Orderofmalta.int 4689: 4683: 4682: 4671: 4665: 4664: 4662: 4660: 4651:. Archived from 4649:Orderofmalta.int 4640: 4634: 4633: 4631: 4629: 4617: 4611: 4610: 4599: 4593: 4592: 4590: 4588: 4579:. Archived from 4577:Orderofmalta.int 4568: 4562: 4557: 4551: 4550: 4542: 4536: 4535: 4533: 4531: 4514: 4508: 4502: 4496: 4490: 4484: 4478: 4472: 4466: 4460: 4454: 4448: 4447: 4445: 4443: 4432:orderofmalta.int 4423: 4417: 4416: 4394: 4388: 4387: 4385: 4383: 4367: 4361: 4360: 4352: 4335: 4334: 4332: 4330: 4319:orderofmalta.int 4310: 4304: 4303: 4301: 4299: 4288:Orderofmalta.int 4279: 4273: 4272: 4270: 4268: 4257:Orderofmalta.int 4248: 4242: 4241: 4239: 4237: 4231:Orderofmalta.int 4222: 4216: 4215: 4213: 4211: 4205:Orderofmalta.int 4196: 4190: 4189: 4178: 4172: 4171: 4169: 4167: 4156: 4150: 4149: 4147: 4145: 4130: 4124: 4123: 4121: 4119: 4112:Il Metropolitano 4104: 4098: 4097: 4095: 4093: 4082: 4076: 4075: 4073: 4071: 4056: 4050: 4049: 4047: 4045: 4034: 4028: 4027: 4025: 4023: 4014:. Archived from 4012:orderofmalta.int 4003: 3997: 3996: 3994: 3992: 3976: 3970: 3969: 3964: 3962: 3947: 3941: 3940: 3938: 3936: 3916: 3910: 3909: 3907: 3905: 3894:orderofmalta.int 3885: 3879: 3878: 3876: 3874: 3863:orderofmalta.int 3854: 3848: 3847: 3845: 3843: 3823: 3817: 3816: 3814: 3812: 3797: 3791: 3790: 3785: 3783: 3771:America Magazine 3761: 3755: 3754: 3752: 3750: 3730: 3724: 3723: 3721: 3719: 3704: 3698: 3696: 3694: 3692: 3672: 3666: 3665: 3663: 3661: 3641: 3635: 3634: 3632: 3630: 3611: 3605: 3604: 3602: 3600: 3580: 3574: 3573: 3571: 3569: 3550: 3544: 3543: 3541: 3539: 3519: 3513: 3512: 3510: 3508: 3493: 3487: 3486: 3484: 3482: 3463: 3457: 3456: 3454: 3452: 3436: 3425: 3422: 3416: 3401: 3395: 3383: 3358: 3347: 3346: 3340: 3332: 3318: 3312: 3311: 3309: 3307: 3290: 3284: 3283: 3282:on 6 March 2012. 3278:. Archived from 3267: 3261: 3260: 3258: 3256: 3241: 3235: 3228:Whitworth Porter 3225: 3219: 3218: 3200: 3194: 3193: 3175: 3169: 3168: 3150: 3144: 3143: 3127: 3121: 3120: 3118: 3116: 3110:orderofmalta.int 3101: 3095: 3094: 3078: 3068: 3062: 3061: 3059: 3057: 3051:orderofmalta.int 3042: 3031: 3030: 3028: 3026: 3021:on 14 March 2013 3017:. Archived from 3015:Malteserorden.at 3007: 3001: 3000: 2998: 2996: 2990:orderofmalta.int 2981: 2975: 2974: 2973:on 30 July 2021. 2962: 2956: 2955: 2953: 2951: 2936: 2930: 2929: 2927: 2925: 2910: 2904: 2903: 2901: 2899: 2885: 2879: 2878: 2876: 2874: 2863:Orderofmalta.int 2854: 2843: 2842: 2840: 2838: 2824: 2818: 2802: 2793: 2786: 2780: 2779: 2777: 2775: 2753: 2747: 2736: 2730: 2729: 2727: 2725: 2716:. Archived from 2714:Orderofmalta.int 2705: 2699: 2698: 2692: 2682: 2673: 2664: 2647: 2641: 2639: 2637: 2631: 2621: 2583: 2579: 2573: 2556: 2440: 2428: 2422: 2229:Scholarly debate 2211:top-level domain 2178:and some of the 2127: 2069: 2063: 2043:There are three 1984:Special delegate 1941:Giacomo Violardo 1530:Tarcisio Bertone 1495:extraterritorial 1483:Magistral Palace 1427:Treaty of Amiens 1404:Giovanni Tommasi 1343:Saint Petersburg 1261:Saint Barthélemy 1221:in 1571, led by 1189:Pope Clement VII 1114:of Aragon. Each 892: 885: 881: 878: 872: 849: 841: 716: 715: 640: 583:Knights of Malta 558: 555: 553: 414: 412: 407: 403: 369:Fabrizio Colonna 334:Grand Chancellor 320: 264: 263: 261: 260: 259: 254: 250: 247: 246: 245: 242: 230: 229: 227: 226: 225: 220: 216: 213: 212: 211: 208: 186: 177: 176: 163: 159: 142: 141: 133: 112: 98: 85: 84: 76: 69: 68: 60: 48: 47: 43: 36: 29: 8508: 8507: 8503: 8502: 8501: 8499: 8498: 8497: 8403: 8402: 8401: 8389: 8379: 8377: 8365: 8357: 8355: 8350: 8334:Military orders 8325: 8254: 8246: 8192:Duchy of Athens 8156: 8147: 8090: 8081: 8079:Crusader states 8076: 8046: 8041: 8029: 8019: 8017: 8009: 7978:Papal household 7966: 7954: 7891: 7889: 7888:Defunct/dormant 7883: 7852: 7804: 7802:of the Holy See 7801: 7799: 7792: 7760:of the Holy See 7759: 7752: 7747: 7717: 7712: 7700: 7692: 7673: 7636: 7621: 7613: 7606: 7599: 7598:proof required) 7588: 7580: 7579:proof required) 7561: 7530: 7524: 7509: 7492: 7482: 7475: 7465: 7463: 7433: 7428: 7397: 7351: 7277:North Macedonia 7108: 7047: 7042: 7012: 7007: 6995: 6972: 6956: 6940: 6852: 6790: 6783: 6757: 6731: 6669: 6627: 6562: 6499: 6451: 6418: 6387:Cottonera Lines 6354: 6340:Fort St Michael 6322: 6303: 6295: 6282: 6263: 6244: 6239: 6234: 6229: 6227: 6225: 6216: 6170: 6150:(Historically: 6104: 6051:Chapter General 6024: 6015: 6013: 5988: 5973: 5971: 5969: 5910: 5899: 5898: 5895: 5882: 5880: 5838: 5819: 5778: 5776: 5749: 5747: 5733: 5717: 5715:Further reading 5707: 5685: 5680: 5679: 5669: 5667: 5652: 5648: 5638: 5636: 5627: 5626: 5622: 5607: 5603: 5593: 5591: 5578: 5577: 5573: 5563: 5561: 5560:on 27 June 2008 5557: 5550: 5544: 5537: 5527: 5525: 5516: 5515: 5511: 5501: 5499: 5484: 5480: 5474: 5470: 5460: 5458: 5449: 5448: 5441: 5431: 5429: 5420: 5419: 5412: 5402: 5400: 5389: 5385: 5372: 5370: 5359: 5355: 5345: 5343: 5331: 5327: 5326: 5322: 5312: 5310: 5304: 5297: 5287: 5285: 5281: 5266: 5262: 5261: 5257: 5250: 5236: 5232: 5221: 5217: 5206: 5202: 5191: 5187: 5176: 5172: 5161: 5157: 5146: 5142: 5130: 5126: 5111: 5107: 5096: 5092: 5083:on 4 May 2006. 5069: 5068: 5064: 5051:Wayback Machine 5041: 5037: 5027: 5025: 5016: 5015: 5011: 5001: 4999: 4990: 4989: 4985: 4975: 4973: 4964: 4963: 4959: 4949: 4947: 4934: 4933: 4929: 4919: 4917: 4907: 4903: 4893: 4891: 4876: 4875: 4871: 4861: 4859: 4844: 4840: 4830: 4828: 4817: 4816: 4812: 4807: 4803: 4798: 4794: 4784: 4782: 4771: 4767: 4757: 4755: 4751: 4744: 4740: 4739: 4735: 4725: 4723: 4708: 4704: 4691: 4690: 4686: 4673: 4672: 4668: 4658: 4656: 4641: 4637: 4627: 4625: 4618: 4614: 4601: 4600: 4596: 4586: 4584: 4569: 4565: 4558: 4554: 4543: 4539: 4529: 4527: 4516: 4515: 4511: 4503: 4499: 4491: 4487: 4479: 4475: 4467: 4463: 4455: 4451: 4441: 4439: 4424: 4420: 4413: 4395: 4391: 4381: 4379: 4368: 4364: 4353: 4338: 4328: 4326: 4311: 4307: 4297: 4295: 4280: 4276: 4266: 4264: 4249: 4245: 4235: 4233: 4223: 4219: 4209: 4207: 4197: 4193: 4180: 4179: 4175: 4165: 4163: 4158: 4157: 4153: 4143: 4141: 4132: 4131: 4127: 4117: 4115: 4106: 4105: 4101: 4091: 4089: 4084: 4083: 4079: 4069: 4067: 4058: 4057: 4053: 4043: 4041: 4036: 4035: 4031: 4021: 4019: 4004: 4000: 3990: 3988: 3977: 3973: 3960: 3958: 3949: 3948: 3944: 3934: 3932: 3917: 3913: 3903: 3901: 3886: 3882: 3872: 3870: 3855: 3851: 3841: 3839: 3824: 3820: 3810: 3808: 3799: 3798: 3794: 3781: 3779: 3762: 3758: 3748: 3746: 3731: 3727: 3717: 3715: 3706: 3705: 3701: 3690: 3688: 3673: 3669: 3659: 3657: 3642: 3638: 3628: 3626: 3613: 3612: 3608: 3598: 3596: 3581: 3577: 3567: 3565: 3552: 3551: 3547: 3537: 3535: 3520: 3516: 3506: 3504: 3494: 3490: 3480: 3478: 3465: 3464: 3460: 3450: 3448: 3437: 3428: 3423: 3419: 3402: 3398: 3360: 3359: 3350: 3334: 3333: 3319: 3315: 3305: 3303: 3292: 3291: 3287: 3268: 3264: 3254: 3252: 3247:. Focusmm.com. 3243: 3242: 3238: 3226: 3222: 3215: 3201: 3197: 3190: 3176: 3172: 3165: 3151: 3147: 3128: 3124: 3114: 3112: 3102: 3098: 3091: 3069: 3065: 3055: 3053: 3043: 3034: 3024: 3022: 3009: 3008: 3004: 2994: 2992: 2982: 2978: 2963: 2959: 2949: 2947: 2938: 2937: 2933: 2923: 2921: 2912: 2911: 2907: 2897: 2895: 2887: 2886: 2882: 2872: 2870: 2855: 2846: 2836: 2834: 2826: 2825: 2821: 2815:Wayback Machine 2803: 2796: 2787: 2783: 2773: 2771: 2754: 2750: 2737: 2733: 2723: 2721: 2720:on 20 July 2008 2706: 2702: 2683: 2676: 2665: 2650: 2635: 2633: 2629: 2623: 2622: 2597: 2592: 2587: 2586: 2580: 2576: 2557: 2553: 2548: 2525: 2513: 2507: 2495:hospital trains 2491: 2447: 2441: 2438: 2386: 2355: 2349: 2335:in the city of 2333:Fort St. Angelo 2319:Fort St. Angelo 2311: 2269: 2260:Pope John XXIII 2248: 2231: 2172:observer status 2145: 2135: 2125: 2123: 2121: 2119: 2118:Left to right: 2117: 2071: 2067: 2065: 2061: 2053: 2041: 2021: 2001: 1986: 1920: 1918:Cardinal Patron 1915: 1795: 1731: 1698:Chapter General 1639: 1619: 1589:Chapter General 1578:informal attire 1566:Giovanni Becciu 1550:Matthew Festing 1542: 1487:Magistral Villa 1460: 1420:Count Colloredo 1381: 1223:John of Austria 1200:Jean de Valette 1157: 1151: 1014: 1008: 992: 961:Pope Paschal II 902: 893: 882: 876: 873: 862: 850: 839: 833: 820:instead of the 794:Catholic Church 742: 736: 617:chivalric order 559: 550: 549: 529: 527: 523: 522:• Estimate 508: 489: 476: 463: 450: 437: 424: 410: 408: 405: 398: 366: 351: 336: 321: 318:Grand Commander 316: 304: 257: 255: 251: 248: 243: 240: 238: 236: 235: 223: 221: 217: 214: 209: 206: 204: 202: 201: 170: 168: 164: 161: 143: 135: 128: 120: 119: 118: 113: 105: 104: 99: 86: 78: 71: 70: 62: 55: 53: 44: 37: 30: 19: 17: 12: 11: 5: 8506: 8496: 8495: 8490: 8485: 8480: 8475: 8470: 8465: 8460: 8455: 8450: 8445: 8440: 8435: 8430: 8425: 8420: 8415: 8400: 8399: 8387: 8375: 8352: 8351: 8349: 8348: 8347: 8346: 8336: 8330: 8327: 8326: 8324: 8323: 8318: 8317: 8316: 8306: 8301: 8296: 8291: 8286: 8280: 8279: 8278: 8276:Livonian Order 8273: 8271:Teutonic Order 8261: 8259: 8248: 8247: 8245: 8244: 8239: 8238: 8237: 8227: 8219: 8214: 8209: 8204: 8199: 8194: 8189: 8184: 8179: 8178: 8177: 8166: 8164: 8158: 8157: 8150: 8148: 8146: 8145: 8140: 8135: 8130: 8129: 8128: 8118: 8113: 8112: 8111: 8100: 8098: 8092: 8091: 8086: 8083: 8082: 8075: 8074: 8067: 8060: 8052: 8043: 8042: 8040: 8039: 8027: 8014: 8011: 8010: 8008: 8007: 8002: 7997: 7992: 7991: 7990: 7988:Black nobility 7983:Papal nobility 7980: 7974: 7972: 7968: 7967: 7965: 7964: 7958: 7948:Lauretan Cross 7945: 7939: 7936:Pro Petri Sede 7933: 7927: 7921: 7915: 7909: 7903: 7897: 7895: 7885: 7884: 7882: 7881: 7876: 7871: 7866: 7860: 7858: 7854: 7853: 7851: 7850: 7849: 7848: 7843: 7833: 7832: 7831: 7829:Cross of Merit 7826: 7821: 7810: 7808: 7794: 7793: 7791: 7790: 7785: 7780: 7775: 7770: 7764: 7762: 7754: 7753: 7746: 7745: 7738: 7731: 7723: 7714: 7713: 7711: 7710: 7697: 7694: 7693: 7683: 7681: 7675: 7674: 7672: 7671: 7663: 7655: 7646: 7644: 7638: 7637: 7628: 7626: 7623: 7622: 7569: 7567: 7563: 7562: 7534: 7532: 7526: 7525: 7500: 7498: 7485: 7483:Order of Malta 7477: 7476: 7462: 7461: 7454: 7447: 7439: 7430: 7429: 7427: 7426: 7421: 7416: 7411: 7405: 7403: 7402:Former members 7399: 7398: 7396: 7395: 7390: 7385: 7380: 7375: 7370: 7365: 7359: 7357: 7353: 7352: 7350: 7349: 7347:United Kingdom 7344: 7339: 7334: 7329: 7324: 7319: 7314: 7309: 7304: 7299: 7294: 7289: 7284: 7279: 7274: 7269: 7264: 7259: 7254: 7249: 7244: 7239: 7234: 7229: 7224: 7219: 7214: 7209: 7204: 7199: 7194: 7189: 7184: 7179: 7174: 7172:Czech Republic 7169: 7164: 7159: 7154: 7149: 7144: 7139: 7134: 7129: 7124: 7118: 7116: 7110: 7109: 7107: 7106: 7104:Pompidou Group 7101: 7096: 7091: 7086: 7081: 7076: 7071: 7066: 7061: 7055: 7053: 7049: 7048: 7041: 7040: 7033: 7026: 7018: 7009: 7008: 7006: 7005: 6993: 6986: 6970: 6953: 6950: 6949: 6946: 6945: 6942: 6941: 6939: 6938: 6933: 6928: 6923: 6918: 6913: 6908: 6903: 6902: 6901: 6896: 6891: 6883: 6878: 6873: 6868: 6862: 6860: 6854: 6853: 6851: 6850: 6845: 6840: 6835: 6830: 6825: 6820: 6815: 6810: 6804: 6802: 6793: 6785: 6784: 6782: 6781: 6776: 6771: 6765: 6763: 6759: 6758: 6756: 6755: 6746: 6741: 6729: 6724: 6715: 6710: 6705: 6700: 6695: 6690: 6685: 6679: 6677: 6671: 6670: 6668: 6667: 6656: 6651: 6649:Fortifications 6645: 6643: 6637: 6636: 6633: 6632: 6629: 6628: 6626: 6625: 6620: 6615: 6606: 6601: 6596: 6587: 6582: 6572: 6570: 6564: 6563: 6561: 6560: 6551: 6546: 6541: 6536: 6531: 6526: 6516: 6514: 6505: 6501: 6500: 6498: 6497: 6492: 6487: 6482: 6477: 6472: 6467: 6461: 6459: 6453: 6452: 6450: 6449: 6444: 6442:Verdala Palace 6439: 6437:Vilhena Palace 6434: 6428: 6426: 6420: 6419: 6417: 6416: 6409: 6404: 6399: 6394: 6389: 6384: 6379: 6377:Floriana Lines 6374: 6369: 6352: 6347: 6333: 6330:Fort St Angelo 6315: 6313: 6311:Fortifications 6304: 6297: 6296: 6294: 6293: 6280: 6260: 6258: 6249: 6218: 6217: 6215: 6214: 6209: 6204: 6199: 6194: 6189: 6184: 6178: 6176: 6172: 6171: 6169: 6168: 6167: 6166: 6138:Military Corps 6130: 6125: 6114: 6112: 6106: 6105: 6103: 6102: 6101: 6100: 6098:United Nations 6095: 6093:European Union 6090: 6085: 6075: 6070: 6056:Grand Priories 6053: 6048: 6043: 6038: 6032: 6030: 6026: 6025: 5993: 5990: 5989: 5968: 5967: 5960: 5953: 5945: 5939: 5938: 5933: 5928: 5923: 5918: 5913: 5894: 5893:External links 5891: 5890: 5889: 5869: 5860: 5851: 5842: 5836: 5823: 5817: 5802: 5786: 5785: 5766: 5756: 5737: 5731: 5716: 5713: 5712: 5711: 5705: 5684: 5681: 5678: 5677: 5646: 5620: 5601: 5571: 5535: 5509: 5478: 5468: 5439: 5410: 5383: 5369:on 2 July 2003 5353: 5320: 5295: 5273:(in Italian). 5255: 5248: 5230: 5215: 5200: 5185: 5170: 5155: 5140: 5124: 5105: 5090: 5062: 5035: 5009: 4983: 4957: 4927: 4915:United Nations 4901: 4869: 4838: 4827:. 8 March 2008 4810: 4801: 4792: 4765: 4733: 4702: 4684: 4666: 4635: 4612: 4594: 4563: 4552: 4537: 4526:. 15 July 2019 4509: 4507:, p. 102. 4505:Lentz III 2015 4497: 4493:Lentz III 2015 4485: 4483:, p. 143. 4481:Lentz III 2015 4473: 4471:, p. 198. 4469:Lentz III 2015 4461: 4457:Lentz III 2015 4449: 4418: 4411: 4389: 4362: 4336: 4305: 4274: 4243: 4217: 4191: 4173: 4151: 4125: 4099: 4077: 4051: 4029: 3998: 3971: 3942: 3911: 3880: 3849: 3818: 3792: 3756: 3725: 3699: 3667: 3636: 3606: 3575: 3545: 3514: 3488: 3458: 3426: 3417: 3396: 3348: 3313: 3285: 3262: 3236: 3220: 3214:978-1403964311 3213: 3195: 3189:978-1403964311 3188: 3170: 3164:978-1403964311 3163: 3145: 3122: 3096: 3089: 3063: 3032: 3002: 2986:"Mimic orders" 2976: 2957: 2931: 2920:. 21 June 2016 2905: 2880: 2844: 2819: 2794: 2781: 2763:Foreign Policy 2748: 2746:, August 2006. 2731: 2700: 2674: 2648: 2594: 2593: 2591: 2588: 2585: 2584: 2574: 2550: 2549: 2547: 2544: 2543: 2542: 2536: 2531: 2524: 2521: 2520: 2519: 2509:Main article: 2506: 2503: 2490: 2487: 2446: 2443: 2436: 2410:in Rome (2007) 2385: 2384:Military Corps 2382: 2370:Poste italiane 2348: 2345: 2310: 2307: 2268: 2265: 2247: 2244: 2230: 2227: 2170:The Order has 2131:Main article: 2066: 2060: 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Dunlap 1638: 1635: 1627:John T. Dunlap 1618: 1615: 1596:Silvano Tomasi 1541: 1538: 1459: 1456: 1431:United Kingdom 1380: 1377: 1323:Horatio Nelson 1299:Order of Malta 1153:Main article: 1150: 1147: 1010:Main article: 1007: 1004: 991: 988: 909:Blessed Gerard 901: 898: 895: 894: 853: 851: 844: 835:Main article: 832: 829: 738:Main article: 735: 732: 684:terminally ill 621:Blessed Gerard 579:Order of Malta 561: 560: 545: 542: 541: 536: 532: 531: 524: 521: 518: 517: 513: 512: 509: 506: 503: 502: 498: 497: 494: 493: 490: 484: 481: 480: 477: 471: 468: 467: 464: 458: 455: 454: 451: 445: 442: 441: 438: 432: 429: 428: 425: 419: 416: 415: 399: 393: 390: 389: 386: 385: 375: 374: 371: 370: 367: 361: 358: 357: 352: 346: 343: 342: 337: 331: 328: 327: 322: 314: 311: 310: 308:John T. Dunlap 305: 299: 296: 295: 292: 291: 287: 286: 281: 277: 276: 271: 267: 266: 192: 188: 187: 179: 178: 146: 145: 122: 121: 114: 107: 106: 100: 93: 92: 91: 88: 87: 54: 51: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8505: 8494: 8491: 8489: 8486: 8484: 8481: 8479: 8476: 8474: 8471: 8469: 8466: 8464: 8461: 8459: 8456: 8454: 8451: 8449: 8446: 8444: 8441: 8439: 8436: 8434: 8431: 8429: 8426: 8424: 8421: 8419: 8416: 8414: 8411: 8410: 8408: 8398: 8393: 8388: 8386: 8376: 8374: 8369: 8364: 8363: 8360: 8345: 8342: 8341: 8340: 8337: 8335: 8332: 8331: 8328: 8322: 8319: 8315: 8312: 8311: 8310: 8307: 8305: 8302: 8300: 8297: 8295: 8292: 8290: 8287: 8284: 8281: 8277: 8274: 8272: 8269: 8268: 8266: 8263: 8262: 8260: 8258: 8253: 8249: 8243: 8240: 8236: 8233: 8232: 8231: 8228: 8226: 8223: 8220: 8218: 8215: 8213: 8210: 8208: 8205: 8203: 8200: 8198: 8195: 8193: 8190: 8188: 8185: 8183: 8180: 8176: 8173: 8172: 8171: 8168: 8167: 8165: 8163: 8159: 8154: 8144: 8141: 8139: 8136: 8134: 8131: 8127: 8124: 8123: 8122: 8119: 8117: 8114: 8110: 8107: 8106: 8105: 8102: 8101: 8099: 8097: 8093: 8089: 8084: 8080: 8073: 8068: 8066: 8061: 8059: 8054: 8053: 8050: 8038: 8033: 8028: 8026: 8016: 8015: 8012: 8006: 8003: 8001: 7998: 7996: 7993: 7989: 7986: 7985: 7984: 7981: 7979: 7976: 7975: 7973: 7969: 7962: 7959: 7949: 7946: 7943: 7940: 7937: 7934: 7931: 7928: 7925: 7922: 7919: 7916: 7913: 7910: 7907: 7904: 7902: 7899: 7898: 7896: 7886: 7880: 7877: 7875: 7872: 7870: 7867: 7865: 7862: 7861: 7859: 7855: 7847: 7844: 7842: 7839: 7838: 7837: 7834: 7830: 7827: 7825: 7824:Pilgrim Shell 7822: 7820: 7817: 7816: 7815: 7812: 7811: 7809: 7803: 7795: 7789: 7786: 7784: 7781: 7779: 7776: 7774: 7771: 7769: 7766: 7765: 7763: 7761: 7755: 7751: 7744: 7739: 7737: 7732: 7730: 7725: 7724: 7721: 7709: 7704: 7699: 7698: 7695: 7691: 7687: 7682: 7680: 7676: 7668: 7664: 7660: 7656: 7652: 7648: 7647: 7645: 7643: 7639: 7632: 7618: 7614: 7610: 7603: 7597: 7592: 7585: 7578: 7573: 7568: 7564: 7560: 7556: 7552: 7551: 7547: 7542: 7538: 7533: 7527: 7521: 7517: 7514: 7508: 7504: 7499: 7496: 7495:religious vow 7489: 7486: 7484: 7478: 7474: 7469: 7460: 7455: 7453: 7448: 7446: 7441: 7440: 7437: 7425: 7422: 7420: 7417: 7415: 7412: 7410: 7407: 7406: 7404: 7400: 7394: 7391: 7389: 7388:United States 7386: 7384: 7381: 7379: 7376: 7374: 7371: 7369: 7366: 7364: 7361: 7360: 7358: 7354: 7348: 7345: 7343: 7340: 7338: 7335: 7333: 7330: 7328: 7325: 7323: 7320: 7318: 7315: 7313: 7310: 7308: 7305: 7303: 7300: 7298: 7295: 7293: 7290: 7288: 7285: 7283: 7280: 7278: 7275: 7273: 7270: 7268: 7265: 7263: 7260: 7258: 7255: 7253: 7250: 7248: 7245: 7243: 7240: 7238: 7237:Liechtenstein 7235: 7233: 7230: 7228: 7225: 7223: 7220: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7208: 7205: 7203: 7200: 7198: 7195: 7193: 7190: 7188: 7185: 7183: 7180: 7178: 7175: 7173: 7170: 7168: 7165: 7163: 7160: 7158: 7155: 7153: 7150: 7148: 7145: 7143: 7140: 7138: 7135: 7133: 7130: 7128: 7125: 7123: 7120: 7119: 7117: 7115: 7111: 7105: 7102: 7100: 7097: 7095: 7092: 7090: 7087: 7085: 7082: 7080: 7077: 7075: 7072: 7070: 7067: 7065: 7062: 7060: 7057: 7056: 7054: 7050: 7046: 7039: 7034: 7032: 7027: 7025: 7020: 7019: 7016: 7004: 6999: 6994: 6990: 6987: 6985: 6981: 6976: 6971: 6968: 6967: 6960: 6955: 6954: 6951: 6937: 6934: 6932: 6929: 6927: 6924: 6922: 6919: 6917: 6914: 6912: 6909: 6907: 6904: 6900: 6897: 6895: 6892: 6890: 6887: 6886: 6884: 6882: 6879: 6877: 6874: 6872: 6869: 6867: 6864: 6863: 6861: 6859: 6855: 6849: 6846: 6844: 6841: 6839: 6836: 6834: 6831: 6829: 6826: 6824: 6821: 6819: 6816: 6814: 6811: 6809: 6806: 6805: 6803: 6801: 6797: 6794: 6792: 6786: 6780: 6777: 6775: 6772: 6770: 6767: 6766: 6764: 6762:Other regions 6760: 6753: 6750: 6747: 6745: 6742: 6740: 6735: 6730: 6728: 6725: 6722: 6719: 6716: 6714: 6711: 6709: 6706: 6704: 6703:Chastel Rouge 6701: 6699: 6696: 6694: 6691: 6689: 6686: 6684: 6681: 6680: 6678: 6676: 6672: 6666: 6665:Bodrum Castle 6662: 6661: 6657: 6655: 6652: 6650: 6647: 6646: 6644: 6642: 6638: 6624: 6621: 6619: 6616: 6613: 6610: 6607: 6605: 6602: 6600: 6597: 6594: 6591: 6588: 6586: 6583: 6580: 6577: 6574: 6573: 6571: 6569: 6565: 6558: 6555: 6552: 6550: 6547: 6545: 6542: 6540: 6537: 6535: 6532: 6530: 6527: 6524: 6521: 6518: 6517: 6515: 6513: 6509: 6506: 6502: 6496: 6493: 6491: 6488: 6486: 6483: 6481: 6478: 6476: 6473: 6471: 6468: 6466: 6463: 6462: 6460: 6458: 6454: 6448: 6445: 6443: 6440: 6438: 6435: 6433: 6430: 6429: 6427: 6425: 6421: 6415: 6414: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6403: 6402:Fort Chambray 6400: 6398: 6395: 6393: 6392:Fort Ricasoli 6390: 6388: 6385: 6383: 6380: 6378: 6375: 6373: 6370: 6367: 6363: 6358: 6353: 6351: 6348: 6345: 6341: 6337: 6334: 6331: 6326: 6320: 6317: 6316: 6314: 6312: 6308: 6305: 6302: 6298: 6291: 6286: 6281: 6278: 6277: 6272: 6271:Palazzo Malta 6267: 6262: 6261: 6259: 6257: 6253: 6250: 6248: 6242: 6237: 6232: 6223: 6219: 6213: 6212:Postal system 6210: 6208: 6205: 6203: 6200: 6198: 6195: 6193: 6190: 6188: 6185: 6183: 6182:Maltese cross 6180: 6179: 6177: 6173: 6165: 6162: 6161: 6160: 6158: 6154: 6148: 6144: 6139: 6135: 6131: 6129: 6126: 6124: 6120: 6116: 6115: 6113: 6111: 6107: 6099: 6096: 6094: 6091: 6089: 6086: 6084: 6081: 6080: 6079: 6076: 6074: 6071: 6069: 6065: 6061: 6057: 6054: 6052: 6049: 6047: 6044: 6042: 6039: 6037: 6034: 6033: 6031: 6027: 6023: 6011: 6007: 6003: 5999: 5996: 5991: 5986: 5981: 5966: 5961: 5959: 5954: 5952: 5947: 5946: 5943: 5937: 5934: 5932: 5929: 5927: 5924: 5922: 5919: 5917: 5914: 5908: 5902: 5897: 5896: 5879: 5875: 5870: 5867: 5866: 5861: 5858: 5857: 5852: 5849: 5848: 5843: 5839: 5837:9781908990679 5833: 5829: 5824: 5820: 5814: 5810: 5809: 5803: 5799: 5795: 5794: 5788: 5787: 5774: 5773: 5767: 5764: 5760: 5757: 5745: 5744: 5738: 5734: 5728: 5724: 5719: 5718: 5708: 5706:9781476621555 5702: 5698: 5694: 5693: 5687: 5686: 5666:on 6 May 2012 5665: 5661: 5657: 5650: 5634: 5630: 5624: 5618: 5617:1-85310-873-1 5614: 5610: 5605: 5589: 5585: 5581: 5575: 5556: 5549: 5542: 5540: 5523: 5519: 5513: 5497: 5493: 5489: 5482: 5472: 5456: 5452: 5446: 5444: 5427: 5423: 5417: 5415: 5398: 5394: 5387: 5380: 5368: 5364: 5357: 5341: 5337: 5330: 5324: 5309: 5302: 5300: 5280: 5276: 5272: 5265: 5259: 5251: 5245: 5241: 5234: 5226: 5219: 5211: 5204: 5196: 5189: 5181: 5174: 5166: 5159: 5151: 5144: 5138: 5134: 5128: 5120: 5116: 5109: 5102:. p. 65. 5101: 5094: 5086: 5082: 5078: 5077: 5072: 5066: 5060: 5059:91-974235-6-4 5056: 5052: 5048: 5045: 5039: 5023: 5019: 5013: 4997: 4993: 4987: 4971: 4967: 4966:"SMOM Plates" 4961: 4945: 4941: 4937: 4931: 4916: 4912: 4905: 4889: 4885: 4884: 4879: 4873: 4857: 4853: 4849: 4842: 4826: 4825: 4820: 4814: 4805: 4796: 4780: 4776: 4769: 4750: 4743: 4737: 4721: 4717: 4713: 4706: 4698: 4694: 4688: 4680: 4676: 4670: 4654: 4650: 4646: 4639: 4623: 4616: 4608: 4604: 4598: 4582: 4578: 4574: 4567: 4561: 4556: 4548: 4541: 4525: 4524: 4519: 4513: 4506: 4501: 4495:, p. 17. 4494: 4489: 4482: 4477: 4470: 4465: 4459:, p. 80. 4458: 4453: 4437: 4433: 4429: 4422: 4414: 4412:9782912025142 4408: 4404: 4400: 4393: 4377: 4373: 4366: 4358: 4351: 4349: 4347: 4345: 4343: 4341: 4324: 4320: 4316: 4309: 4293: 4289: 4285: 4278: 4262: 4258: 4254: 4247: 4232: 4228: 4221: 4206: 4202: 4195: 4187: 4183: 4177: 4161: 4155: 4139: 4135: 4129: 4113: 4109: 4103: 4087: 4081: 4065: 4061: 4055: 4039: 4033: 4018:on 4 May 2019 4017: 4013: 4009: 4002: 3986: 3982: 3975: 3968: 3956: 3952: 3946: 3930: 3926: 3922: 3915: 3899: 3895: 3891: 3884: 3868: 3864: 3860: 3853: 3837: 3833: 3829: 3822: 3806: 3805:The Economist 3802: 3796: 3789: 3777: 3773: 3772: 3767: 3760: 3744: 3740: 3736: 3729: 3713: 3709: 3703: 3686: 3682: 3678: 3671: 3655: 3651: 3647: 3640: 3624: 3620: 3616: 3610: 3594: 3590: 3586: 3579: 3563: 3559: 3555: 3549: 3533: 3529: 3525: 3518: 3503: 3499: 3492: 3476: 3472: 3468: 3462: 3446: 3442: 3435: 3433: 3431: 3421: 3414: 3410: 3406: 3400: 3393: 3392: 3387: 3381: 3377: 3373: 3369: 3368: 3363: 3357: 3355: 3353: 3344: 3338: 3330: 3326: 3325: 3317: 3301: 3297: 3296: 3289: 3281: 3277: 3273: 3266: 3250: 3246: 3240: 3233: 3229: 3224: 3216: 3210: 3206: 3199: 3191: 3185: 3181: 3174: 3166: 3160: 3156: 3149: 3141: 3137: 3133: 3126: 3111: 3107: 3100: 3092: 3090:0-670-86745-4 3086: 3082: 3077: 3076: 3067: 3052: 3048: 3041: 3039: 3037: 3020: 3016: 3012: 3006: 2991: 2987: 2980: 2972: 2968: 2961: 2945: 2941: 2935: 2919: 2915: 2909: 2894: 2890: 2884: 2868: 2864: 2860: 2853: 2851: 2849: 2833: 2829: 2823: 2816: 2812: 2809: 2808: 2801: 2799: 2791: 2785: 2769: 2765: 2764: 2759: 2752: 2745: 2741: 2735: 2719: 2715: 2711: 2704: 2697: 2691: 2690: 2681: 2679: 2671: 2670: 2663: 2661: 2659: 2657: 2655: 2653: 2645: 2628: 2627: 2620: 2618: 2616: 2614: 2612: 2610: 2608: 2606: 2604: 2602: 2600: 2595: 2578: 2572: 2568: 2564: 2560: 2555: 2551: 2540: 2537: 2535: 2532: 2530: 2527: 2526: 2518: 2515: 2514: 2512: 2502: 2500: 2496: 2486: 2484: 2479: 2471: 2467: 2462: 2455: 2451: 2435: 2430: 2427: 2421: 2415: 2409: 2404: 2398: 2394: 2390: 2381: 2379: 2375: 2371: 2367: 2363: 2358: 2354: 2344: 2340: 2338: 2334: 2329: 2327: 2320: 2315: 2306: 2303: 2300: 2298: 2294: 2289: 2284: 2280: 2277: 2272: 2264: 2261: 2256: 2253: 2252:Pope Pius XII 2243: 2239: 2235: 2226: 2224: 2218: 2216: 2212: 2208: 2204: 2200: 2196: 2191: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2177: 2173: 2168: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2149: 2144: 2140: 2134: 2115: 2111: 2106: 2099: 2095: 2091: 2086: 2082: 2077: 2057: 2048: 2046: 2036: 2034: 2030: 2026: 2016: 2014: 2013:Angelo Acerbi 2010: 2009:Jean Laffitte 2005: 1996: 1992: 1989: 1978: 1975: 1972: 1971:Raymond Burke 1969: 1966: 1963: 1960: 1957: 1954: 1951: 1948: 1945: 1942: 1939: 1936: 1933: 1932: 1931: 1929: 1925: 1910: 1908: 1902: 1898: 1892: 1891: 1885: 1882: 1879: 1876: 1873: 1870: 1869: 1867: 1864: 1863: 1859: 1858: 1852: 1849: 1846: 1845: 1843: 1839: 1836: 1835: 1831: 1830: 1824: 1821: 1818: 1817: 1815: 1811: 1808: 1807: 1806: 1799: 1790: 1788: 1783: 1777: 1774: 1771: 1768: 1765: 1762: 1761: 1760: 1754: 1751: 1748: 1745: 1742: 1739: 1738: 1737: 1734: 1726: 1723: 1721: 1716: 1714: 1709: 1707: 1702: 1700: 1699: 1693: 1691: 1686: 1683: 1682: 1676: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1648: 1642: 1632: 1628: 1623: 1614: 1612: 1607: 1604: 1599: 1597: 1592: 1590: 1586: 1583: 1579: 1573: 1571: 1570:Raymond Burke 1567: 1563: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1537: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1522: 1520: 1519:Andrew Bertie 1516: 1512: 1506: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1491:Aventine Hill 1488: 1484: 1480: 1476: 1469:, Rome, Italy 1468: 1467:Palazzo Malta 1464: 1455: 1453: 1448: 1446: 1442: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1423: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1409: 1405: 1401: 1397: 1393: 1388: 1386: 1376: 1374: 1369: 1367: 1366:Pope Leo XIII 1361: 1359: 1358: 1353: 1348: 1344: 1340: 1336: 1330: 1326: 1324: 1319: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1282: 1278: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1262: 1258: 1253: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1239: 1235: 1230: 1228: 1224: 1220: 1215: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1196: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1166: 1161: 1156: 1146: 1144: 1139: 1137: 1131: 1129: 1125: 1121: 1117: 1113: 1109: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1063: 1058: 1054: 1050: 1045: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1013: 1003: 1001: 997: 996:Siege of Acre 987: 985: 980: 978: 974: 969: 967: 962: 958: 957: 953: 948: 946: 941: 937: 930: 926: 921: 915:, about 1725. 914: 910: 906: 891: 888: 880: 870: 866: 860: 859: 854:This section 852: 848: 843: 842: 838: 828: 825: 823: 819: 816:behind their 815: 814:Maltese cross 811: 807: 803: 799: 795: 791: 786: 784: 780: 775: 773: 768: 766: 765:Maltese cross 762: 758: 753: 751: 747: 741: 731: 729: 725: 720: 714: 708: 703: 701: 697: 693: 689: 685: 681: 677: 673: 668: 666: 663: 658: 656: 652: 648: 644: 639: 634: 630: 626: 622: 618: 614: 609: 607: 603: 599: 595: 591: 588: 584: 580: 576: 572: 568: 557: 554:.orderofmalta 548: 543: 540: 539:Maltese scudo 537: 533: 525: 519: 514: 510: 504: 499: 495: 491: 488: 482: 478: 475: 469: 465: 462: 456: 452: 449: 443: 439: 436: 430: 426: 423: 417: 400: 397: 391: 387: 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 365: 359: 356: 353: 350: 344: 341: 338: 335: 329: 326: 323: 319: 312: 309: 306: 303: 297: 293: 288: 285: 282: 278: 275: 272: 268: 262: 234: 228: 200: 199:Palazzo Malta 196: 193: 189: 185: 180: 167: 158: 157: 156:Ave Crux Alba 151: 147: 139: 132: 127: 123: 117: 111: 103: 97: 89: 82: 75: 66: 59: 49: 46: 41: 34: 27: 23: 8397:Christianity 8309:Dobrzyń Land 8225:Stato da Màr 7955: 1980s 7890:distinctions 7835: 7581: 7543: 7529:Second Class 7510: 7393:EU relations 7052:Institutions 6989: 6964: 6752: 6721: 6658: 6612: 6593: 6579: 6557: 6523: 6490:St Catherine 6411: 6366:Fort St Elmo 6344: 6274: 6236:commanderies 6149: 6068:Associations 6064:Commanderies 6036:Grand Master 6029:Organisation 5979: 5881:. Retrieved 5877: 5863: 5854: 5845: 5827: 5807: 5792: 5777:. Retrieved 5771: 5762: 5748:. Retrieved 5742: 5722: 5691: 5683:Bibliography 5668:. Retrieved 5664:the original 5659: 5649: 5637:. Retrieved 5623: 5608: 5604: 5592:. Retrieved 5583: 5574: 5562:. Retrieved 5555:the original 5526:. Retrieved 5512: 5500:. Retrieved 5491: 5481: 5471: 5459:. Retrieved 5455:the original 5430:. Retrieved 5426:the original 5401:. Retrieved 5396: 5386: 5378: 5371:. Retrieved 5367:the original 5356: 5344:. Retrieved 5339: 5335: 5323: 5311:. Retrieved 5286:. Retrieved 5274: 5270: 5258: 5239: 5233: 5224: 5218: 5209: 5203: 5194: 5188: 5179: 5173: 5164: 5158: 5149: 5143: 5127: 5118: 5114: 5108: 5099: 5093: 5084: 5081:the original 5074: 5065: 5038: 5026:. Retrieved 5012: 5000:. Retrieved 4986: 4974:. Retrieved 4960: 4948:. Retrieved 4944:the original 4939: 4930: 4918:. Retrieved 4914: 4904: 4892:. Retrieved 4881: 4872: 4860:. Retrieved 4851: 4841: 4829:. Retrieved 4822: 4813: 4804: 4795: 4783:. 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