212:. Kelsen's theory maintained a strict separation between legal norms on one hand, and the social relations regulated by those norms on the other. This included distinguishing between validity and efficacy, with validity being whether a norm is legally valid and efficacy being whether the norm is actually observed. Pashukanis however argued that "the relation has primacy over the norm" because law without efficacy is nonexistent. Thus, according to Pashukanis, if no debtor ever repaid their debts, the rule that debtors have to repay debts "would have to be considered as non-existent in real terms." Furthermore, Pashukanis argued that the theories of the Kelsenian positivists were simply "confined exclusively to ordering the various normative contents in a logically determined manner," and that the pure theory of law "explains nothing, and turns its back from the outset on the facts of reality, that is of social life..."
183:«Why does class rule not remain what it is, the factual subjugation of one section of the population by the other? Why does it assume the form of official state rule, or - which is the same thing – why does the machinery of state coercion not come into being as the private machinery of the ruling class; why does it detach itself from the ruling class and take on the form of an impersonal apparatus of public power, separate from society? Another of the things with which Comrade Stuchka reproaches me - namely that I recognise the existence of law only in bourgeois society, I grant…» (E. B. Pashukanis,
236:" or "socialist rights". He was then stripped of all his political posts. Pashukanis soon came under pressure from the government as well. As a result, Pashukanis started to revise his theory of state. He stopped working with his friend Stuchka. It is unclear whether Pashukanis's transformation was simply the result of fear for his safety, or whether he actually changed his mind. He was rewarded by being made director of the Institute of Soviet Construction and Law (predecessor of the
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232:. In 1927, he was elected a full member of the Communist Academy, eventually becoming its vice-president in 1930. He and Stuchka started a section on General Theory of State and Law at the Academy. However, in 1930, he was attacked by Stalinists, because he insisted of the impossibility of "
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According to
Andreas Harms, Pashukanis was denounced as an "enemy of the people" by Pyotr Yudin. Andrey Vyshinsky also accused Pashukanis of being a traitor. On 20 January 1937, Pashukanis was arrested and
263:, Pashukanis was eventually denounced as a "Trotskyite saboteur" in 1937 and executed in September 1937 on charges of being involved in an "underground anti-Soviet terrorist organisation".
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soon replaced him at the
Institute of Soviet Construction and Law. Alfred Krishianovich Stalgevich, a longtime critic of Pashukanis, took over his courses at the Moscow Juridical Institute.
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in Saint
Petersburg. As a result of his socialist activism, the Czarist police threatened Pashukanis with banishment, so he left Russia for Germany in 1910. He continued his studies in
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thought: (1) in the organization of society the economic factor is paramount; legal and moral principles and institutions therefore constitute a kind of
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Pashukanis was posthumously rehabilitated in 1957, although his theories were not adopted by mainstream Soviet jurisprudence at that time.
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He advocated for a philosophy of law that the Soviet authorities considered threatening to their regime. He was executed in 1937 after
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was in use within in the
Russian Empire, where he was born; according to this calendar, he was born on the 10th of February.
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Beirne, Piers, and Robert
Sharlet. 1990. “Toward a General Theory of Law and Marxism: E. B. Pashukanis.” In
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Carlo Di Mascio, Note su 'Hegel. Stato e diritto' di Evgeny
Pashukanis, Firenze, Phasar Edizioni, 2020.
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Carlo Di Mascio, Pašukanis e la critica marxista del diritto borghese, Firenze, Phasar
Edizioni, 2013.
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Fuller, Lon L. 1949. “Pashukanis and
Vyshinsky: A Study in the Development of Marxian Legal Theory.”
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Head, Michael (2004). "The Rise and Fall of a Soviet Jurist: Evgeny
Pashukanis and Stalinism".
323:; Tay, Alice Erh-soon (January–February 1970). "The Life and Afterlife of a Bolshevik Jurist".
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Sharlet, Robert. 1974. “Pashukanis and the Rise of Soviet
Marxist Jurisprudence, 1924-1930.”
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reflecting the economic organization of society; and (2) in the finally achieved state of
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of 1922. In 1924 he was transferred to full-time academic duties as a member of the
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of the Soviet Academy of Sciences) in 1931. In 1936, he was appointed as Deputy
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Evgeny Pashukanis (including a list of works) at the Marxists' Internet Archive
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331:(1). Washington, D.C.: International Information Administration: 72–79.
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Negri, Antonio. 2017. “Rereading Pashukanis: Discussion Notes.”
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as it is typically understood will cease to perform any function.
46:: Eugenijus Pašukanis; 23 February 1891 – 4 September 1937) was a
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Warenform und Rechtsform: Zur Rechtstheorie von Eugen Paschukanis
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Contribution to critique of Kelsenian legal positivism
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155:In 1924, Pashukanis published his seminal work,
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225:
219:
216:Latter years
197:
195:
184:
156:
154:
149:
76:
65:, including
60:
55:
35:
34:
1403:1937 deaths
1398:1891 births
1245:Paternalism
1240:Natural law
1102:(c. 355 BC)
949:Montesquieu
741:Legal norms
210:Hans Kelsen
115:World War I
101:(RSLDP) in
1392:Categories
1352:Law portal
979:Petrażycki
969:Pashukanis
964:Olivecrona
899:Hägerström
814:Blackstone
494:2023-04-26
91:Lithuanian
63:Stalinists
52:Lithuanian
44:Lithuanian
18:Pashukanis
1112:(c. 1270)
994:Pufendorf
929:Llewellyn
789:Aristotle
548:146849445
392:0002-9300
337:0032-941X
173:communism
113:. During
81:, in the
1342:Category
1264:Concepts
1230:Legalism
1182:Theories
1069:Voegelin
1039:Scaevola
999:Radbruch
974:Perelman
959:Nussbaum
904:Jellinek
869:Habermas
864:Gurvitch
834:Durkheim
804:Beccaria
571:(1978),
277:See also
187:, 1924).
177:morality
79:Staritsa
1377:changes
1290:Justice
1044:Schmitt
1034:Savigny
1014:Reinach
939:Maistre
934:Luhmann
909:Jhering
859:Grotius
844:Ehrlich
839:Dworkin
829:Cardozo
809:Bentham
799:Bastiat
784:Aquinas
400:2195714
349:Pg. 74.
345:1762908
165:Marxist
85:in the
40:Russian
1272:Dharma
1172:(1986)
1162:(1980)
1152:(1961)
1142:(1934)
1132:(1820)
1122:(1748)
1074:Walzer
1054:Suárez
1019:Renner
984:Posner
954:Müller
919:Kelsen
894:Hobbes
874:Haller
854:Fuller
849:Finnis
819:Bobbio
794:Austin
632:Stasis
613:
603:
575:
546:
466:
426:
398:
390:
343:
335:
135:Berlin
131:Moscow
111:Munich
48:Soviet
1089:Works
1079:Weber
1064:Unger
1059:Stahl
1049:Shang
1004:Rawls
989:Pound
924:Leoni
889:Hegel
779:Alexy
703:Index
544:S2CID
396:JSTOR
298:Notes
1098:Laws
1029:Rumi
1024:Ross
944:Marx
914:Kant
884:Hart
824:Bork
611:ISBN
601:ISBN
573:ISBN
464:ISBN
424:ISBN
388:ISSN
341:OCLC
333:ISSN
50:and
1009:Raz
879:Han
536:doi
380:doi
196:In
1394::
1306:Li
1279:Fa
567:,
563:,
542:.
532:17
530:.
486:.
418:.
394:.
386:.
376:51
374:.
370:.
354:^
339:.
329:19
327:.
248:.
208:,
145:.
58:.
684:e
677:t
670:v
645:.
627:.
550:.
538::
497:.
472:.
432:.
402:.
382::
347:.
38:(
20:)
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