1947:'Totam Celtici colunt, sed a Durio ad flexum Grovi, fluuntque per eos Avo, Celadus, Nebis, Minius et cui oblivionis cognomen est Limia. Flexus ipse Lambriacam urbem amplexus recipit fluvios Laeron et Ullam. Partem quae prominet Praesamarchi habitant, perque eos Tamaris et Sars flumina non-longe orta decurrunt, Tamaris secundum Ebora portum, Sars iuxta turrem Augusti titulo memorabilem. Cetera super Tamarici Nerique incolunt in eo tractu ultimi. Hactenus enim ad occidentem versa litora pertinent. Deinde ad septentriones toto latere terra convertitur a Celtico promunturio ad Pyrenaeum usque. Perpetua eius ora, nisi ubi modici recessus ac parva promunturia sunt, ad Cantabros paene recta est. In ea primum Artabri sunt etiamnum Celticae gentis, deinde Astyres.', Pomponius Mela, Chorographia, III.7-9.
4677:
2927:
862:
gained considerable popularity. Lhuyd was the first to recognise that the Irish, British, and
Gaulish languages were related to one another, and the inclusion of the Insular Celts under the term "Celtic" from this time forward expresses this linguistic relationship. By the late 18th century, the
1965:
Eburia / Calveni f(ilia) / Celtica / Sup(ertamarca) |(castello?) / Lubri; Fusca Co/edi f(ilia) Celti/ca
Superta(marca) / |(castello) Blaniobr/i; Apana Ambo/lli f(ilia) Celtica / Supertam(arca) / Maiobri; Clarinu/s Clari f(ilius) Celticus Su/pertama(ricus). Cf.
215:- 'to impel'. Several authors have supposed the term to be Celtic in origin, while others view it as a name coined by Greeks. Linguist Patrizia De Bernardo Stempel falls in the latter group; she suggests that it means "the tall ones".
976:
argues that while the term "Celtic" expresses a valid linguistic connection, its use for both
Insular and Continental Celtic cultures is misleading, as archaeology does not suggest a unified Celtic culture during the Iron Age.
1856:
Celtine, daughter of
Bretannus, fell in love with Heracles and hid away his kine (the cattle of Geryon) refusing to give them back to him unless he would first content her. From Celtus the Celtic race derived their
1019:
that extends "we" to include both 19th-century Irish people and the
Danubian Κελτοί of Herodotus. This sense of "Celtic" is preserved in its political sense in the Celtic nationalism of organisations such as the
363:
904:
is unclear and the object of much speculation, but it is clear that by the 1st century BC most of Great
Britain and Ireland was inhabited by Celtic-speaking peoples now known as the
422:, who wrote that they were the most numerous people inhabiting that region. Later, Ptolemy referred to the Celtici inhabiting a more reduced territory, comprising the regions from
4128:
1810:: "All Gaul is divided into three parts, in one of which the Belgae live, another in which the Aquitani live, and the third are those who in their own tongue are called Celts (
901:
2887:
1470:. The Volcae were a Celtic tribe who originally lived in southern Germany and then emigrated to Gaul; for two centuries they barred the southward expansion of the
659:
Act of 1829 as a conscious attempt to promote an Irish national identity, which, with its counterparts in other countries, subsequently became known as the "
366:
Apana · Ambo/lli · f(ilia) · Celtica / Supertam(arica) · / Miobri · /an(norum) · XXV · h(ic) · s(ita) · e(st) · /Apanus · fr(ater) · f(aciendum)· c(uravit)
1112:
denotes a vowel whose unclear identity does not permit full reconstruction). He writes that this verb means "to be able to, to gain control of", and that
1883:
2039:
1970:
4613:
2585:
2556:
1807:
4633:
4623:
107:, is modern. There is scant record of the term "Celt" being used prior to the 17th century in connection with the inhabitants of
1260:, most of whom lived in the areas being settled by Germanic peoples; whether the peasants spoke Celtic or Latin did not matter.
4653:
4638:
4628:
2356:
1021:
4643:
3032:
2131:
1710:
2077:"Archaeologia Britannica; An account of the languages, histories, and customs of the original inhabitants of Great Britain."
2233:
Archaeologia
Britannica; An account of the languages, histories, and customs of the original inhabitants of Great Britain.
4648:
2307:
1166:
1075:
in
Anatolia) seems to be based on the same root, borrowed directly from the same hypothetical Celtic source that gave us
1256:
person." In the early
Germanic period, this exonym seems to have been applied broadly to the peasant population of the
1007:
in the early to mid-19th century, the term "Celtic" also came to be a self-designation used by proponents of a modern
4111:
3924:
2455:
2426:
2317:
2286:
2240:
2209:
2107:
2084:
2010:
758:
The
English word originates in the 17th century. Until the mid-19th century, the sole pronunciation in English was
2518:
2474:, edited by Norris J Lacy, (Taylor & Francis) 1996:267. For a full discussion of the etymology of Gaulish
1898:
4094:
2312:(in German) (2nd, expanded and corrected ed.). Wiesbaden, Germany: Ludwig Reichert Verlag. p. 185.
716:
1922:'Celticos a Celtiberis ex Lusitania advenisse manifestum est sacris, lingua, oppidorum vocabulis', NH, II.13
287:); this literary genealogy exists nowhere else and was not connected with any known cult. Celtus became the
4367:
1802:
1149:
809:
787:
783:
779:
775:
759:
748:
740:
736:
724:
712:
700:
688:
684:
238:). In the 1st century BC, Caesar referred to the Gauls as calling themselves "Celts" in their own tongue.
3567:
2832:
973:
790:
pronunciation remains the most recognized form when it occurs in the names of sports teams, most notably
2281:(in German). Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Kulturen der Universität Innsbruck. pp. 325–326.
4138:
4013:
3618:
3587:
2972:
1997:
655:
poems that he had "translated," added to this romantic enthusiasm. The "Irish revival" came after the
4099:
3934:
3562:
1097:
3899:
2257:
The Celt: A weekly periodical of Irish national literature edited by a committee of the Celtic Union
498:
affirmed that all inhabitants of Iberia's coastal regions, from the bays of southern Galicia to the
4439:
3873:
3849:
3175:
1698:
318:
1184:(earlier form Callaeci or Callaici), a Celtic federation in northwest Iberia, may seem related to
913:
820:
In current usage, the terms "Celt" and "Celtic" can take several senses depending on context: the
4698:
4150:
3798:
3344:
3063:
2882:
2772:
1253:
1245:
196:
1757:
4618:
4537:
4500:
3572:
2862:
2857:
2346:
Sjögren, Albert, "Le nom de "Gaule", in "Studia Neophilologica", Vol. 11 (1938/39) pp. 210-214.
829:
548:
146:
who traveled to the islands for formal study, and was the posited seat of the order's origins.
2403:
2252:
2032:
1024:, but it is also used in a more general and politically neutral sense in expressions such as "
4384:
4199:
3944:
3844:
3215:
3058:
3037:
2220:
1967:
1745:
1264:
1101:
1053:
656:
631:
pictured a race of "ancient Britons" constructing the "temples of the Ancient Celts" such as
551:, encompassing part of the lands attributed to the Celtici Supertamarici by ancient authors.
544:
480:
466:
136:
1088:
Linguist Stefan Schumacher presents a slightly different account: he says that the ethnonym
4527:
4399:
4133:
3783:
3180:
3103:
2912:
2837:
2279:
Die keltischen Primärverben. Ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon
1783:
P. De Bernardo Stempel 2008. Linguistically Celtic ethnonyms: towards a classification, in
1244:, despite superficial similarity. The English words ultimately stem from the reconstructed
242:
176:, the Greek geographer, in 517 BC when writing about a people living near Massilia (modern
173:
120:
8:
4676:
4414:
4283:
4213:
4194:
4173:
4106:
3929:
3803:
3623:
3608:
3603:
3557:
3532:
3205:
3098:
3083:
2897:
2716:
2511:
1016:
744:
564:
535:, as the Celtici Flavienses did. Several villages and rural parishes still bear the name
379:
362:
17:
3813:
4703:
4580:
4311:
4204:
4168:
4089:
4044:
3939:
3765:
3656:
3613:
3542:
3349:
3124:
2892:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2777:
2634:
2391:
2020:
1223:
1141:
1004:
863:
Celtic languages were recognised as one branch within the larger Indo-European family.
1425:
54:
4444:
4419:
4409:
4145:
4118:
3999:
3854:
3839:
3834:
3793:
3788:
3693:
3582:
3537:
3527:
3519:
3190:
3144:
3134:
2980:
2807:
2787:
2746:
2451:
2422:
2313:
2282:
2236:
2205:
2127:
2103:
2080:
2006:
1861:
1706:
1506:
1268:
774:. From the mid-19th century onward, academic publications advocated the variant with
457:
66:
587:, appears a little later, in the mid-17th century. An early attestation is found in
502:, were also Celtici: "All (this coast) is inhabited by the Celtici, except from the
4473:
4434:
4389:
4376:
4296:
4275:
4178:
4123:
3808:
3628:
3547:
3359:
3139:
3078:
2968:
2847:
2842:
2812:
2782:
2736:
2698:
2564:
942:. There are no examples of text from Goidelic languages prior to the appearance of
877:
The Celts are an ethnolinguistic group of Iron Age European peoples, including the
849:
696:
644:
628:
339:
104:
2333:
449:, because of their religion, language, and because of the names of their cities".
4516:
4454:
4394:
4357:
4329:
4291:
4256:
4236:
4019:
4009:
3994:
3881:
3688:
3552:
3315:
3170:
3129:
3119:
2963:
2902:
2822:
2817:
2802:
2797:
2710:
2173:
1974:
1612:
1471:
1157:
1133:
1125:
1008:
986:
946:
inscriptions in the 4th century AD; however, there are earlier references to the
943:
833:
825:
752:
732:
708:
692:
652:
453:
438:
1841:
394:, Greek and Roman geographers also spoke of a people or group of peoples called
4555:
4545:
4521:
4468:
4424:
4339:
4319:
4301:
4246:
4241:
4209:
4054:
4034:
3859:
3760:
3739:
3734:
3371:
3305:
3300:
3289:
3270:
3264:
3260:
3073:
3068:
3027:
2954:
2940:
2852:
2827:
2792:
2751:
2741:
2677:
2664:
2604:
2548:
2540:
2531:
2504:
2055:
1996:Álvarez, Rosario, Francisco Dubert García, Xulio Sousa Fernández (ed.) (2006).
1640:
1633:
1596:
1499:
1196:
existed, in honour of the Castro people who settled in the area of Calle – the
1193:
994:
990:
922:
909:
837:
804:
795:
782:
pronunciation remained standard throughout the 19th to early 20th century, but
771:
704:
660:
495:
235:
223:
46:
2384:
Webster's New International Dictionary of the English Language, second edition
786:
gained ground during the later 20th century. A notable exception is that the
506:
to the bays, where the Grovi dwelt (…) In the north coast first there are the
4692:
4352:
4324:
4231:
4223:
3965:
3917:
3703:
3651:
3380:
3320:
3310:
3210:
3185:
2976:
1986:
quirus Doci f(ilius) / lticoflavien(sis); Cassius Vegetus / Celti Flaviensis.
1796:
1600:
998:
917:
905:
894:
859:
855:
598:
593:
112:
2305:; Kümmel, Martin; Zehnder, Thomas; Lipp, Reiner; Schirmer, Brigitte (2001).
1116:
comes from the same root and is to be reconstructed as nominative singular *
4670:
4463:
4251:
3775:
3729:
3668:
3577:
3354:
3332:
3325:
2767:
2692:
2682:
2614:
2447:
1257:
1025:
890:
621:
610:
524:
471:
371:
2959:
2277:
Schumacher, Stefan; Schulze-Thulin, Britta; aan de Wiel, Caroline (2004).
1140:, "raider, looter, pillager, marauder"; and notes that if both names were
854:
After its use by Edward Lhuyd in 1707, the use of the word "Celtic" as an
460:, another group of Celtici dwelt along the coasts. They comprised several
135:, which may have been a partial (because the myth's roots are older) post–
4585:
4570:
3971:
3890:
3698:
3683:
3673:
3646:
3472:
3425:
3337:
3088:
2705:
2609:
2496:
2119:
1746:
https://en.wiktionary.org/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/%E1%B8%B1el-
1375:
1049:
791:
720:
625:
617:
588:
503:
387:
188:
living around the head of the Danube and also in the far west of Europe.
96:
69:
3240:
3011:
1575:
is, despite superficial similarity, also completely unrelated to either
679:
4508:
4496:
3949:
3913:
3713:
3678:
3638:
3230:
2997:
2988:
2302:
1397:
1362:
1145:
767:
728:
632:
2005:. Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega. pp. 98–99.
1787:, J. L. García Alonso (ed.), 101-118. Ediciones Universidad Salamanca.
427:
3908:
3020:
2053:
The Indians were wont to use no bridles, like the Græcians and Celts.
1669:
1533:
1401:
1295:
1124:. Schumacher gives the same meaning for both reconstructions, namely
532:
446:
442:
431:
334:
298:
288:
181:
177:
3220:
2926:
673:
4565:
4029:
3482:
3437:
3401:
3389:
3235:
3195:
3015:
3007:
3002:
2984:
2907:
2644:
2639:
2624:
2276:
1619:
1588:
1545:
1539:
1181:
882:
609:
in the linguistic sense arises in the 18th century, in the work of
415:
407:
403:
348:
342:
in the 1st century BC, of a people whom he considered a mixture of
326:
260:
128:
116:
3250:
1490:(id.) The name would have initially appeared in Proto-Germanic as
755:; both pronunciations were taken into English at different times.
437:
Pliny mentioned a second group of Celtici living in the region of
423:
4575:
4550:
4429:
4404:
4039:
4004:
3977:
3904:
3886:
3477:
3413:
3042:
2672:
2649:
1825:
1664:, the reconstructed self-designation of the people later called
1661:
1653:
1072:
953:
886:
515:
507:
499:
383:
375:
322:
264:
139:
108:
2151:(fourth ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 142.
1450:
1015:
states, "The Greeks called us Keltoi," expressing a position of
543:) in Galicia. This is also the name of an archpriesthood of the
4560:
4347:
4129:
Constitutional status of Orkney, Shetland and the Western Isles
4049:
4024:
3988:
3982:
3895:
3818:
3744:
3663:
3165:
2654:
2599:
1656:
in the 4th century BC, among others, and surviving in Welsh as
1510:
1460:
1392:
1219:
948:
916:") and Gaels (speaking "Q-Celtic"). The Brythonic groups under
778:
on the basis of a new understanding of the word's origins. The
751:
pronunciation of Classical Latin was later taken directly into
648:
419:
246:
143:
124:
62:
2486:
in various ancient personal Celtic names see Xavier Delamarre
445:); he considered that they were "of the Celtiberians from the
3449:
3255:
3200:
3093:
2687:
2629:
2619:
2577:
2527:
2124:
The Routledge Dictionary of Pronunciation for Current English
1882:
Lorrio, Alberto J.; Gonzalo Ruiz Zapatero (1 February 2005).
1665:
1566:
1527:
1349:
would be unexplained. Note that the regular outcome of Latin
1189:
1066:
1061:
1011:. Thus, in a discussion of "the word Celt," a contributor to
966:
939:
878:
872:
821:
799:
640:
624:", brought a wave of enthusiasm for all things "Celtic." The
486:
411:
391:
306:
302:
278:
268:
250:
231:
219:
161:
81:
76:
73:
58:
50:
30:
22:
2482:(Editions Errance), 2001:274-6, and for examples of Gaulish
1774:. 5 vols. 2006, p. 371. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO.
1456:
The Proto-Germanic terms may ultimately have a Celtic root:
1188:
but is not. The Romans named the entire region north of the
3708:
3245:
3225:
3160:
2993:
1881:
1483:
1152:
verbal root in question is reconstructed by Schumacher as *
1638:
The Celtic-speaking people of Great Britain were known as
1056:
of the 4th century BCE. Its root may be the Common Celtic
554:
230:) for those Celts whom they first encountered in northern
2472:
Medieval Arthurian Literature: A Guide to Recent Research
2381:
2161:
2063:
1441:
is first recorded in the 15th century to translate Latin
1433:
is first recorded in the 13th century to translate Latin
519:
1648:
in Latin and as Βρίττωνες in Greek. An earlier form was
719:
around the 1st century AD whenever it appeared before a
390:, among others – who inhabited large regions of central
1400:"Celtic speaker," "French speaker," "Italian speaker";
798:
basketball team in the United States. The title of the
1583:. The name ultimately derives from the Old Irish word
1263:
The Germanic root likely made its way into French via
1132:, "potentate, ruler (even warlord)", or alternatively
430:, i.e. the coastal and southern areas occupied by the
3441:
1595:
in the orthography of the modern Gaelic languages": (
1274:"Gaul," literally "Land of the Foreigners". Germanic
763:
531:
The Celtici Supertarmarci have also left a number of
317:
to refer to continental Gauls, but apparently not to
3827:
2301:
1591:
rendered the /d/ silent, though it still appears as
1370:
but (with suffix substitution) from Proto-Germanic *
908:. These peoples were divided into two large groups,
635:(actually a pre-Celtic structure). In his 1733 book
2334:"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/Walhaz - Wiktionary"
1085:simply indicates that the word is an ethnic name).
575:first appear in the 16th century; the English word
1660:, the old name for Britain). Related to this is *
762:, in keeping with the inheritance of the letter ⟨
160:The first recorded use of the name of Celts – as
4690:
2118:
1411:"Gaulish," "French,"). In Old French, the words
1357:, which is found in several western placenames.
2370:Nouveau dictionnaire étymologique et historique
1505:In the Middle Ages, territories with primarily
1096:) is from the present stem of the verb that he
703:was formerly the norm. In the oldest attested
3405:
2512:
1652:, or Πρετ(τ)αν(ν)οί in Greek (as recorded by
1048:might be from an originally Celtic ethnic or
715:, but it was subject to a regular process of
321:. The latter are divided linguistically into
72:. The etymology of this name and that of the
3393:
2079:(reprint ed.) Irish University Press, 1971.
1785:Celtic and Other Languages in Ancient Europe
1525:. The Proto-Germanic root word also yielded
1520:
1514:
1060:, meaning "power" or "strength". The Greek
866:
518:." He also wrote that the fabulous isles of
3453:
3417:
2310:. Die Wurzeln und ihre Primärstammbildungen
2149:Fowler's Dictionary of Modern English Usage
2146:
1823:
1817:
1811:
1800:
1458:
1374:"Celtic, Gallo-Roman, Romance" or from its
1076:
1043:
671:The initial consonant of the English words
637:History of the Temples of the Ancient Celts
605:(I.520, here in the 1674 spelling). Use of
312:
292:
87:
40:
3429:
2526:
2519:
2505:
1618:. Compare also the modern linguistic term
828:, the group of Celtic-speaking peoples in
53:, respectively, to denote a people of the
2419:Celtic culture: a historical encyclopedia
2038:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1772:Celtic Culture: a historical encyclopedia
1052:, perhaps borrowed into Latin during the
603:o'er the Celtic roamed the utmost Isles.
579:is first attested in 1607. The adjective
195:is unclear. Possible origins include the
2441:
2363:
2245:
2126:(2nd ed.). Routledge. p. 204.
361:
1995:
1705:. Routledge, 1998. 1998. pp. 1–2.
1486:', and perhaps more distantly to Latin
1203:
555:Introduction in Early Modern literature
172:) – to refer to an ethnic group was by
4691:
3370:
2470:See John Koch, 'The Celtic Lands', in
2357:Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology
2235:(reprint ed.) Irish University Press,
2190:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 72.
2185:
2122:; Kretzschmar, William A. Jr. (2017).
2094:
2092:
902:Celtic settlement in the British Isles
651:fables, which he claimed were ancient
616:In the 18th century, the interest in "
65:during the 6th to 1st centuries BC in
4602:
4494:
4273:
4075:
3507:
3287:
2938:
2575:
2500:
2386:. G & C Merriam Co. p. 2903.
1956:Pomponius Mela, Chorographia, III.40.
843:
563:was revived in the literature of the
547:, a division of the archbishopric of
528:, were situated among these Celtici.
2416:
2295:
2259:, pp. 287–288, 28 November 1857
2188:A Dictionary of Modern English Usage
2060:The historie of foure-footed beastes
464:, including the Celtici proper: the
418:rivers. They are first mentioned by
203:, 'to cover or hide' (cf. Old Irish
4495:
2308:Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben
2089:
1968:Epigraphik-Datenbank Clauss / Slaby
1513:and Italy, were known in German as
1167:Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben
13:
2480:Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise
2382:Neilson, William A. (ed.) (1957).
2204:New York: Oxford University Press
1884:"The Celts in Iberia: An Overview"
1822:). Compare the tribal name of the
1474:. Most modern Celticists consider
1396:'foreign' or "Celt" (South German
402:living in the south of modern-day
241:According to the 1st-century poet
20:for the people known today as the
14:
4715:
3925:Festival Interceltique de Lorient
2444:The Celtic Encyclopedia, Volume 1
2231:(Lhuyd, p. 290) Lhuyd, E. (1971)
1321:can hardly be derived from Latin
1164:, "to acquire power over" in the
1031:
980:
881:(including subgroups such as the
858:for the pre-Roman peoples of the
620:", which led to the idea of the "
4675:
3288:
2925:
2490:(Editions Errance) 2007, p. 237.
2098:Laing, Lloyd and Jenifer (1992)
1390:originates from Proto-Germanic *
956:c. 150, later also appearing as
735:, this palatalised sound became
666:
149:
103:, a grouping of all speakers of
2464:
2435:
2410:
2375:
2349:
2340:
2326:
2270:
2225:
2214:
2202:Dictionary of Celtic Mythology.
2194:
2179:
2167:
2155:
2140:
2112:
2069:
2046:
1989:
1980:
1959:
1950:
1941:
1925:
1916:
1875:
1509:-speaking populations, such as
1423:could mean either Welsh or the
1848:
1833:
1790:
1777:
1764:
1750:
1739:
1726:
1690:
1305:before another consonant (cf.
815:
510:, still of the Celtic people (
277:), the daughter of Bretannus (
218:The Romans preferred the name
1:
4644:Celtic place names in Galicia
4274:
1701:Celts and the classical world
1683:
1668:, which is recorded later in
1366:, "Welsh," is not from Latin
836:derived from the Romanticist
707:form, and originally also in
291:ancestor of Celts. In Latin,
16:The various names used since
4076:
2586:Ancient Celtic ethnic groups
2488:Noms des personnes celtiques
2102:, London, Thames and Hudson
2062:(1607), p. 251 (cited after
1934:: Pomponius Mela and Pliny;
1803:Commentarii de Bello Gallico
1067:
920:rule were known in Latin as
808:is also pronounced with the
597:(1667), in reference to the
307:
82:
7:
3568:Welsh literature in English
3508:
2939:
2665:Modern Celtic ethnic groups
2576:
1625:
1429:. However, Northern French
1173:
57:in the region of the upper
10:
4720:
3588:Scottish Gaelic literature
2973:Brigantia (ancient region)
2417:Koch, John Thomas (2006).
2221:@theanglocelt Twitter feed
2075:(Lhuyd, p. 290) Lhuyd, E.
1816:), in our language Gauls (
1631:
1564:
1301:is the regular outcome of
1217:
1062:
984:
870:
847:
490:by the Celtic promontory (
355:
279:
269:
251:
191:The etymology of the term
180:). In the 5th century BC,
162:
77:
31:
26:are of disparate origins.
4666:
4609:
4603:
4598:
4536:
4507:
4490:
4453:
4375:
4366:
4338:
4310:
4282:
4269:
4222:
4187:
4161:
4082:
4071:
3958:
3935:Hebridean Celtic Festival
3872:
3774:
3753:
3722:
3637:
3596:
3563:Welsh-language literature
3518:
3514:
3503:
3465:
3379:
3296:
3283:
3153:
3112:
3051:
2947:
2934:
2923:
2760:
2729:
2663:
2584:
2571:
2538:
2421:. ABC-CLIO. p. 532.
1897:: 183–185. Archived from
1543:, and the second part in
1144:, it would explain their
926:, while use of the names
867:Historiographical context
639:, he recast the "Celts" "
4368:Ancient Celtic languages
2478:, see Xavier Delamarre,
2442:Mountain, Harry (1998).
2372:(Larousse 1990), p. 336.
2176:, s.v. "Celt", "Celtic".
2164:, s.v. "Celt", "Celtic".
2147:Butterfield, J. (2015).
1560:
1419:, and (Northern French)
739:, and then developed to
683:is primarily pronounced
4639:Gaulish words in French
4624:Celtic words in English
2883:Scottish New Zealanders
2773:Anglo-Celtic Australian
1862:"(Ref.: Parth. 30.1-2)"
1478:to be related to Welsh
1236:are unrelated to Latin
3573:Early Irish literature
3454:
3442:
3430:
3418:
3406:
3394:
2863:Scotch-Irish Canadians
2858:Scotch-Irish Americans
1973:25 August 2011 at the
1824:
1818:
1812:
1801:
1521:
1515:
1459:
1161:
1137:
1129:
1092:(nominative singular *
1077:
1044:
964:) and, by 314, to the
938:was restricted to the
830:historical linguistics
743:around the end of the
583:, formed after French
549:Santiago de Compostela
514:), and after them the
367:
313:
293:
227:
88:
41:
4200:Scottish independence
3945:Celtic Media Festival
3828:National music scenes
3059:Proto-Celtic religion
2761:Related ethnic groups
2200:MacKillop, J. (1998)
2186:Fowler, H.W. (1926).
1345:), and the diphthong
985:Further information:
871:Further information:
848:Further information:
794:in Scotland, and the
731:of Gaul evolved into
657:Catholic Emancipation
545:Roman Catholic Church
492:Promunturium Celticum
484:north of it, and the
365:
4524:(Medieval Welsh law)
4134:Scottish nationalism
3784:Ancient Celtic music
3104:Romano-Celtic temple
2913:Welsh New Zealanders
2838:Irish New Zealanders
2336:. 23 September 2021.
1770:John T. Koch (ed.),
792:Celtic Football Club
711:, it was pronounced
456:in the north of the
410:region, between the
243:Parthenius of Nicaea
174:Hecataeus of Miletus
4214:Irish republicanism
4195:Breton independence
4174:Scottish devolution
4107:Cornish nationalism
3930:Pan Celtic Festival
3804:Scottish folk music
3558:Scottish literature
3084:Celtic Christianity
2888:Scottish Travellers
2873:Scottish Argentines
2717:Scottish Travellers
2360:(OUP 1966), p. 391.
1999:Lingua e territorio
1557:are also cognates.
1162:Macht bekommen über
1150:Proto-Indo-European
1017:ethnic essentialism
565:Early Modern period
4205:Welsh independence
4169:Cornish devolution
4090:Breton nationalism
3940:Celtic Connections
3543:Cornish literature
2893:Ulster Protestants
2878:Scottish Canadians
2868:Scottish Americans
2778:Anglo-Irish people
2402:has generic name (
2031:has generic name (
1758:"Old Irish Online"
1593:⟨dh⟩
1382:(= Modern English
1360:Similarly, French
1278:regularly becomes
1224:Etymology of Vlach
1005:Celtic nationalism
844:Linguistic context
368:
311:. The Romans used
297:came in turn from
211:-, 'to heat', or *
127:descended through
4686:
4685:
4662:
4661:
4594:
4593:
4486:
4485:
4482:
4481:
4445:Cisalpine Gaulish
4265:
4264:
4151:national identity
4146:Welsh nationalism
4139:national identity
4119:Irish nationalism
4067:
4066:
4063:
4062:
4000:Cornish wrestling
3868:
3867:
3789:Breton Folk music
3754:Regional cultures
3597:National cultures
3583:Gaelic literature
3538:Breton literature
3499:
3498:
3495:
3494:
3491:
3490:
3279:
3278:
3191:Chief of the Name
3064:Celtic polytheism
2981:Sub-Roman Britain
2921:
2920:
2808:Irish Australians
2788:Cornish Americans
2747:Scottish diaspora
2133:978-1-138-12566-7
1904:on 7 January 2012
1712:978-0-415-15090-3
1294:'ward'), and the
1138:Plünderer, Räuber
1003:With the rise of
832:, and the modern
826:European Iron Age
687:and occasionally
458:Iberian Peninsula
259:) was the son of
4711:
4679:
4600:
4599:
4492:
4491:
4474:Galwegian Gaelic
4373:
4372:
4271:
4270:
4179:Welsh devolution
4073:
4072:
3825:
3824:
3814:Sean-nós singing
3809:Welsh folk music
3799:Irish folk music
3766:Highland culture
3548:Irish literature
3528:Arthurian Legend
3516:
3515:
3505:
3504:
3457:
3445:
3433:
3421:
3409:
3397:
3377:
3376:
3368:
3367:
3345:Neo-Christianity
3285:
3284:
3216:Gaelic astrology
3176:Celtic festivals
3079:Celtic mythology
3052:Ancient religion
2969:Iron Age Britain
2936:
2935:
2929:
2908:Welsh Argentines
2848:Irish Uruguayans
2843:Irish Travellers
2813:Irish Brazilians
2803:Irish Argentines
2783:Breton Americans
2737:Cornish diaspora
2699:Irish Travellers
2573:
2572:
2565:Celtic languages
2521:
2514:
2507:
2498:
2497:
2491:
2468:
2462:
2461:
2439:
2433:
2432:
2414:
2408:
2407:
2401:
2397:
2395:
2387:
2379:
2373:
2367:
2361:
2353:
2347:
2344:
2338:
2337:
2330:
2324:
2323:
2299:
2293:
2292:
2274:
2268:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2249:
2243:
2229:
2223:
2218:
2212:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2183:
2177:
2171:
2165:
2159:
2153:
2152:
2144:
2138:
2137:
2116:
2110:
2100:Art of the Celts
2096:
2087:
2073:
2067:
2050:
2044:
2043:
2036:
2030:
2026:
2024:
2016:
2004:
1993:
1987:
1984:
1978:
1963:
1957:
1954:
1948:
1945:
1939:
1929:
1923:
1920:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1903:
1888:
1879:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1858:
1852:
1846:
1837:
1831:
1829:
1821:
1815:
1806:
1794:
1788:
1781:
1775:
1768:
1762:
1761:
1754:
1748:
1743:
1737:
1730:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1694:
1594:
1524:
1518:
1464:
1180:The name of the
1080:
1070:
1065:
1064:
1047:
900:The timeline of
850:Celtic languages
811:
789:
785:
781:
777:
761:
750:
742:
738:
726:
714:
702:
697:American English
690:
686:
645:James Macpherson
629:William Stukeley
340:Diodorus Siculus
316:
310:
301:'s word for the
296:
282:
281:
272:
271:
254:
253:
167:
166:
105:Celtic languages
91:
85:
80:
79:
44:
34:
33:
4719:
4718:
4714:
4713:
4712:
4710:
4709:
4708:
4689:
4688:
4687:
4682:
4658:
4605:
4590:
4532:
4528:Early Scots law
4517:Early Irish law
4503:
4478:
4455:Scottish Gaelic
4449:
4390:Proto-Brittonic
4362:
4358:Beurla Reagaird
4334:
4330:Scottish Gaelic
4306:
4278:
4261:
4257:Columba Project
4237:Celtic Congress
4218:
4183:
4157:
4078:
4059:
4020:Gaelic handball
4010:Gaelic football
3995:Cornish hurling
3954:
3864:
3823:
3770:
3749:
3735:Gaelic clothing
3718:
3633:
3592:
3553:Manx literature
3510:
3487:
3466:Other claimants
3461:
3366:
3316:Celtic Congress
3292:
3275:
3171:Celtic calendar
3149:
3108:
3047:
2943:
2930:
2917:
2903:Welsh Americans
2823:Irish Catholics
2818:Irish Canadians
2798:Irish Americans
2756:
2730:Celtic diaspora
2725:
2659:
2588:
2580:
2567:
2534:
2525:
2495:
2494:
2469:
2465:
2458:
2450:. p. 252.
2440:
2436:
2429:
2415:
2411:
2399:
2398:
2389:
2388:
2380:
2376:
2368:
2364:
2354:
2350:
2345:
2341:
2332:
2331:
2327:
2320:
2300:
2296:
2289:
2275:
2271:
2262:
2260:
2253:"The word Celt"
2251:
2250:
2246:
2230:
2226:
2219:
2215:
2199:
2195:
2184:
2180:
2174:Merriam-Webster
2172:
2168:
2160:
2156:
2145:
2141:
2134:
2117:
2113:
2097:
2090:
2074:
2070:
2051:
2047:
2037:
2028:
2027:
2018:
2017:
2013:
2002:
1994:
1990:
1985:
1981:
1975:Wayback Machine
1964:
1960:
1955:
1951:
1946:
1942:
1930:
1926:
1921:
1917:
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1727:
1717:
1715:
1713:
1697:
1695:
1691:
1686:
1636:
1630:
1613:Scottish Gaelic
1592:
1569:
1563:
1549:. The surnames
1519:in contrast to
1472:Germanic tribes
1286:in French (cf.
1226:
1218:Main articles:
1216:
1178:
1040:
1009:Celtic identity
1001:
987:Celtic identity
983:
944:Primitive Irish
875:
869:
852:
846:
834:Celtic identity
818:
691:in both modern
669:
653:Scottish Gaelic
557:
512:Celticae gentis
370:Aside from the
360:
158:
55:La Tène horizon
18:classical times
12:
11:
5:
4717:
4707:
4706:
4701:
4699:Celtic studies
4684:
4683:
4681:
4680:
4673:
4667:
4664:
4663:
4660:
4659:
4657:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4610:
4607:
4606:
4596:
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4591:
4589:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4546:Gaelic warfare
4542:
4540:
4534:
4533:
4531:
4530:
4525:
4522:Cyfraith Hywel
4519:
4513:
4511:
4505:
4504:
4488:
4487:
4484:
4483:
4480:
4479:
4477:
4476:
4471:
4469:Deeside Gaelic
4466:
4460:
4458:
4451:
4450:
4448:
4447:
4442:
4440:Hispano-Celtic
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4395:Proto-Goidelic
4392:
4387:
4381:
4379:
4370:
4364:
4363:
4361:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4344:
4342:
4336:
4335:
4333:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4316:
4314:
4308:
4307:
4305:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4288:
4286:
4280:
4279:
4267:
4266:
4263:
4262:
4260:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4247:Celtic society
4244:
4242:Celtic Revival
4239:
4234:
4228:
4226:
4220:
4219:
4217:
4216:
4210:United Ireland
4207:
4202:
4197:
4191:
4189:
4185:
4184:
4182:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4165:
4163:
4159:
4158:
4156:
4155:
4154:
4153:
4143:
4142:
4141:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4115:
4114:
4104:
4103:
4102:
4097:
4086:
4084:
4080:
4079:
4069:
4068:
4065:
4064:
4061:
4060:
4058:
4057:
4055:Welsh handball
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4035:Highland games
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3968:
3962:
3960:
3956:
3955:
3953:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3921:
3920:
3911:
3902:
3893:
3878:
3876:
3870:
3869:
3866:
3865:
3863:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3831:
3829:
3822:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3780:
3778:
3772:
3771:
3769:
3768:
3763:
3761:Gaelic culture
3757:
3755:
3751:
3750:
3748:
3747:
3742:
3740:Highland dress
3737:
3732:
3726:
3724:
3720:
3719:
3717:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3704:Pictish stones
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3660:
3659:
3649:
3643:
3641:
3635:
3634:
3632:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3600:
3598:
3594:
3593:
3591:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3524:
3522:
3512:
3511:
3501:
3500:
3497:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3489:
3488:
3486:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3469:
3467:
3463:
3462:
3460:
3459:
3447:
3435:
3423:
3411:
3399:
3386:
3384:
3374:
3365:
3364:
3363:
3362:
3357:
3347:
3342:
3341:
3340:
3330:
3329:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3308:
3306:Celtic nations
3303:
3301:Celtic Revival
3297:
3294:
3293:
3281:
3280:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3273:
3268:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3157:
3155:
3151:
3150:
3148:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3116:
3114:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3074:Celtic Animism
3071:
3069:Celtic deities
3066:
3061:
3055:
3053:
3049:
3048:
3046:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3028:Cisalpine Gaul
3025:
3024:
3023:
3018:
3000:
2991:
2966:
2957:
2955:Gaelic Ireland
2951:
2949:
2945:
2944:
2932:
2931:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2918:
2916:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2853:Manx Americans
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2828:Irish Chileans
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2793:English people
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2764:
2762:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2754:
2752:Welsh diaspora
2749:
2744:
2742:Irish diaspora
2739:
2733:
2731:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2723:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2719:
2708:
2703:
2702:
2701:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2669:
2667:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2596:
2594:
2582:
2581:
2569:
2568:
2549:Celtic studies
2541:Celtic nations
2539:
2536:
2535:
2524:
2523:
2516:
2509:
2501:
2493:
2492:
2463:
2456:
2434:
2427:
2409:
2374:
2362:
2348:
2339:
2325:
2318:
2294:
2287:
2269:
2244:
2224:
2213:
2193:
2178:
2166:
2154:
2139:
2132:
2111:
2088:
2068:
2056:Edward Topsell
2045:
2011:
1988:
1979:
1958:
1949:
1940:
1924:
1915:
1874:
1847:
1832:
1789:
1776:
1763:
1749:
1738:
1725:
1711:
1696:H. D. Rankin,
1688:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1634:Britain (name)
1632:Main article:
1629:
1624:
1565:Main article:
1562:
1559:
1252:, "foreigner,
1246:Proto-Germanic
1215:
1202:
1194:Castro culture
1177:
1172:
1148:meanings. The
1039:
1030:
995:Celtic nations
991:Celtic Revival
982:
981:Modern context
979:
868:
865:
845:
842:
838:Celtic Revival
817:
814:
805:The Anglo-Celt
796:Boston Celtics
772:Middle English
668:
665:
661:Celtic Revival
601:of antiquity:
556:
553:
496:Pomponius Mela
441:(northwestern
359:
354:
236:Cisalpine Gaul
157:
148:
92:is uncertain.
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4716:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4696:
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4678:
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4668:
4665:
4655:
4654:– in Portugal
4652:
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4640:
4637:
4635:
4634:– in Galician
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4258:
4255:
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4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4232:Celtic League
4230:
4229:
4227:
4225:
4224:Pan-Celticism
4221:
4215:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
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4130:
4127:
4125:
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4110:
4109:
4108:
4105:
4101:
4100:reunification
4098:
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4093:
4092:
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4088:
4087:
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4081:
4074:
4070:
4056:
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4018:
4015:
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4008:
4006:
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4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3990:
3986:
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3764:
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3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3727:
3725:
3721:
3715:
3714:Triple spiral
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
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3682:
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3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3533:Bardic Poetry
3531:
3529:
3526:
3525:
3523:
3521:
3517:
3513:
3506:
3502:
3484:
3481:
3479:
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3456:
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3420:
3415:
3412:
3408:
3403:
3400:
3396:
3391:
3388:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3381:Celtic League
3378:
3375:
3373:
3369:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3352:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3339:
3336:
3335:
3334:
3331:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3321:Celtic League
3319:
3317:
3314:
3313:
3312:
3311:Pan-Celticism
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3298:
3295:
3291:
3286:
3282:
3272:
3269:
3266:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3211:Gaelicisation
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3186:Celticisation
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3158:
3156:
3152:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3117:
3115:
3111:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3056:
3054:
3050:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3013:
3009:
3006:
3005:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2995:
2994:Iron Age Gaul
2992:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2978:
2977:Roman Britain
2974:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2952:
2950:
2946:
2942:
2937:
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2928:
2914:
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2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
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2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2833:Irish Mexican
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
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2784:
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2759:
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2707:
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2700:
2696:
2695:
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2691:
2690:
2689:
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2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2557:Celtic tribes
2554:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2522:
2517:
2515:
2510:
2508:
2503:
2502:
2499:
2489:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2467:
2459:
2457:1-58112-889-4
2453:
2449:
2445:
2438:
2430:
2428:1-85109-440-7
2424:
2420:
2413:
2405:
2400:|author=
2393:
2385:
2378:
2371:
2366:
2359:
2358:
2352:
2343:
2335:
2329:
2321:
2319:3-89500-219-4
2315:
2311:
2309:
2304:
2298:
2290:
2288:3-85124-692-6
2284:
2280:
2273:
2258:
2254:
2248:
2242:
2241:0-7165-0031-0
2238:
2234:
2228:
2222:
2217:
2211:
2210:0-19-869157-2
2207:
2203:
2197:
2189:
2182:
2175:
2170:
2163:
2158:
2150:
2143:
2135:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2115:
2109:
2108:0-500-20256-7
2105:
2101:
2095:
2093:
2086:
2085:0-7165-0031-0
2082:
2078:
2072:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2054:
2049:
2041:
2034:
2022:
2014:
2012:84-96530-20-5
2008:
2001:
2000:
1992:
1983:
1976:
1972:
1969:
1962:
1953:
1944:
1937:
1933:
1928:
1919:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1885:
1878:
1863:
1851:
1844:
1843:
1836:
1828:
1827:
1820:
1814:
1809:
1805:
1804:
1798:
1797:Julius Caesar
1793:
1786:
1780:
1773:
1767:
1759:
1753:
1747:
1742:
1736:, 2.33; 4.49.
1735:
1734:The Histories
1729:
1714:
1708:
1704:
1703:
1700:
1693:
1689:
1681:
1679:
1676:and Welsh as
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1642:
1635:
1628:
1623:
1621:
1617:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1590:
1586:
1582:
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1568:
1558:
1556:
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1547:
1542:
1541:
1536:
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1523:
1517:
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1508:
1503:
1501:
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1432:
1428:
1427:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1394:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1364:
1358:
1356:
1353:in French is
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1329:would become
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1270:
1266:
1261:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1225:
1221:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1201:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1176:
1171:
1169:
1168:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1086:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1046:
1038:
1034:
1029:
1027:
1023:
1022:Celtic League
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1000:
999:Pan-Celticism
996:
992:
988:
978:
975:
971:
969:
968:
963:
959:
955:
951:
950:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
924:
919:
915:
911:
907:
906:Insular Celts
903:
898:
896:
895:Insular Celts
892:
888:
884:
880:
874:
864:
861:
860:British Isles
857:
856:umbrella term
851:
841:
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
813:
807:
806:
801:
797:
793:
773:
769:
765:
756:
754:
746:
734:
730:
722:
718:
710:
706:
698:
694:
682:
681:
676:
675:
667:Pronunciation
664:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
627:
623:
619:
614:
612:
608:
604:
600:
599:Insular Celts
596:
595:
594:Paradise Lost
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
567:. The French
566:
562:
552:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
529:
527:
526:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
488:
483:
482:
481:Supertamarici
477:
473:
470:south of the
469:
468:
467:Praestamarici
463:
459:
455:
450:
448:
444:
440:
435:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
364:
358:
353:
351:
350:
345:
341:
337:
336:
330:
328:
324:
320:
319:Insular Celts
315:
309:
304:
300:
295:
290:
286:
276:
266:
262:
258:
248:
244:
239:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
216:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
197:Indo-European
194:
189:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
165:
156:
152:
147:
145:
141:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
113:Great Britain
110:
106:
102:
98:
93:
90:
84:
75:
71:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
43:
38:
27:
25:
24:
19:
4671:Celts portal
4629:– in Spanish
4464:Arran Gaelic
4385:Proto-Celtic
4353:Bungi Creole
4252:Celtic unity
4188:Independence
3987:
3970:
3794:Gaelic music
3730:Celtic Dress
3679:High crosses
3669:Celtic cross
3647:Bell shrines
3578:Irish annals
3360:Neo-Druidism
3355:Celtic Wicca
3326:Celtic union
3290:Modern Celts
3181:Celtic women
3089:Celtic Rites
3038:Transylvania
2898:Ulster Scots
2768:Anglo-Celtic
2615:Celtiberians
2590:
2560:
2552:
2544:
2532:modern Celts
2487:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2466:
2448:uPublish.com
2443:
2437:
2418:
2412:
2383:
2377:
2369:
2365:
2355:
2351:
2342:
2328:
2306:
2297:
2278:
2272:
2261:, retrieved
2256:
2247:
2232:
2227:
2216:
2201:
2196:
2187:
2181:
2169:
2157:
2148:
2142:
2123:
2120:Upton, Clive
2114:
2099:
2076:
2071:
2059:
2052:
2048:
2029:|first=
1998:
1991:
1982:
1961:
1952:
1943:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1918:
1906:. Retrieved
1899:the original
1894:
1890:
1877:
1865:. Retrieved
1850:
1842:Love Stories
1840:
1839:Parthenius,
1835:
1792:
1784:
1779:
1771:
1766:
1752:
1741:
1733:
1728:
1716:. Retrieved
1702:
1699:
1692:
1677:
1673:
1657:
1649:
1645:
1639:
1637:
1626:
1615:
1608:
1604:
1584:
1580:
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1570:
1554:
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1532:
1526:
1504:
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1491:
1487:
1479:
1475:
1467:
1457:
1455:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:Langue d'oïl
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1371:
1367:
1361:
1359:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1265:Latinization
1262:
1258:Roman Empire
1249:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1227:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1197:
1192:, where the
1185:
1179:
1174:
1165:
1153:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1102:Proto-Celtic
1098:reconstructs
1093:
1089:
1087:
1082:
1081:(the suffix
1057:
1041:
1036:
1032:
1026:Celtic music
1012:
1002:
972:
965:
961:
957:
947:
935:
931:
927:
921:
899:
891:Celtiberians
876:
853:
819:
803:
757:
717:palatization
678:
672:
670:
636:
622:noble savage
615:
611:Edward Lhuyd
606:
602:
592:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
560:
558:
540:
539:(from Latin
536:
533:inscriptions
530:
525:Cassiterides
523:
511:
491:
485:
479:
475:
472:Tambre river
465:
461:
451:
436:
399:
395:
372:Celtiberians
369:
356:
347:
343:
333:
331:
284:
274:
256:
240:
217:
212:
208:
204:
200:
192:
190:
185:
184:referred to
169:
163:
159:
154:
150:
132:
123:writes that
100:
94:
67:Graeco-Roman
45:are used in
36:
28:
21:
15:
4586:Trimarcisia
4571:Gallóglaigh
4400:Celtiberian
4124:Isle of Man
4083:Nationalism
3972:Bataireacht
3891:Calan Gaeaf
3850:Isle of Man
3694:Leaf-crowns
3684:Insular art
3657:Dragonesque
3619:Isle of Man
3473:Nova Scotia
3426:Isle of Man
3350:Neopaganism
3099:Monasticism
2610:Caledonians
2303:Rix, Helmut
2263:11 November
1732:Herodotus,
1522:Deutschland
1500:Grimm's Law
1494:and become
1378:descendant
1376:Old English
1054:Gallic Wars
1050:tribal name
974:Simon James
912:(speaking "
816:Modern uses
721:front vowel
699:, although
626:antiquarian
618:primitivism
571:and German
504:Douro river
388:Pellendones
338:is used by
119:. However,
115:during the
70:ethnography
4693:Categories
4649:– in Italy
4551:Ceathairne
4415:Gallaecian
4045:Road bowls
3950:Eisteddfod
3918:Calan Awst
3914:Lughnasadh
3520:Literature
3383:definition
3206:Clan chief
2998:Roman Gaul
2989:Hen Ogledd
2715:including
2697:including
1867:5 December
1684:References
1516:Welschland
1451:Gaul: Name
1156:, meaning
1146:pejorative
1130:Machthaber
802:newspaper
768:Old French
745:Old French
729:Late Latin
633:Stonehenge
137:Gallic War
121:Parthenius
97:linguistic
29:The names
4704:Ethnonyms
4581:Redshanks
4556:Ceithearn
4284:Brittonic
4276:Languages
3909:Calan Mai
3900:Gŵyl Fair
3874:Festivals
3689:Interlace
3113:Mythology
3021:Gallaecia
2635:Galatians
2392:cite book
2021:cite book
1908:5 October
1670:Old Irish
1646:Brittones
1641:Brittanni
1571:The term
1534:Wallachia
1402:Old Norse
1398:Welsch(e)
1393:walhiska-
1296:diphthong
1272:Walholant
1254:Romanized
1122:gelH-ti-s
887:Galatians
747:era. The
727:; as the
559:The name
447:Lusitania
443:Andalusia
432:Turdetani
406:, in the
335:Celtiberi
332:The name
299:Herodotus
289:eponymous
285:Brettanos
280:Βρεττανός
182:Herodotus
178:Marseille
133:Bretannos
99:sense of
4566:Gaesatae
4457:dialects
4420:Lepontic
4410:Galatian
4312:Goidelic
4162:Autonomy
4077:Politics
4030:Rounders
3882:Calendar
3855:Scotland
3840:Cornwall
3835:Brittany
3723:Clothing
3674:Knotwork
3652:Brooches
3624:Scotland
3609:Cornwall
3604:Brittany
3483:Y Wladfa
3438:Scotland
3402:Cornwall
3390:Brittany
3241:Seanchaí
3236:Tanistry
3196:Derbfine
3125:Scottish
3016:Brittany
3012:Domnonée
3008:Armorica
3003:Britonia
2985:Dumnonia
2960:Dálriata
2645:Lepontii
2640:Helvetii
2625:Gallaeci
1971:Archived
1938:: Strabo
1936:Κελτικοί
1891:E-Keltoi
1674:Cruithin
1627:Britanni
1620:Goidelic
1616:Gàidheal
1605:Gaedheal
1589:Lenition
1546:Cornwall
1447:Gallicus
1437:, while
1372:walhisks
1325:, since
1269:Frankish
1228:English
1198:Callaeci
1182:Gallaeci
1175:Gallaeci
1013:The Celt
923:Britanni
914:P-Celtic
885:and the
883:Lepontii
585:celtique
573:celtisch
569:celtique
541:Celticos
537:Céltigos
439:Baeturia
416:Guadiana
408:Alentejo
404:Portugal
400:Κελτικοί
327:Brythons
261:Heracles
129:Heracles
117:Iron Age
4619:Deities
4576:Hobelar
4538:Warfare
4501:Warfare
4435:Pictish
4430:Cumbric
4405:Gaulish
4377:Extinct
4297:Cornish
4095:history
4040:Hurling
4014:Ladies'
4005:Curling
3978:Camogie
3905:Beltane
3887:Samhain
3845:Ireland
3614:Ireland
3509:Culture
3478:England
3414:Ireland
3372:Nations
3271:Coinage
3261:Warfare
3154:Society
3145:Cornish
3135:British
3043:Galatia
3033:Balkans
2941:Studies
2678:Cornish
2673:Bretons
2650:Noricum
2605:Britons
2578:Peoples
2484:*uolco-
2476:*uolco-
1932:Celtici
1826:Celtici
1662:Priteni
1658:Prydain
1654:Pytheas
1650:Pritani
1551:Wallace
1540:Walloon
1507:Romance
1439:gaulois
1413:gualeis
1363:Gallois
1333:before
1311:chevaux
1290:'war',
1250:*walhaz
1234:Gaulish
1209:Gaulish
1142:exonyms
1118:galatis
1114:Galatai
1106:gal-nV-
1073:Galatia
1068:Galatai
1063:Γαλάται
1058:*galno-
1037:Galatai
962:Hiberni
954:Ptolemy
936:Galatai
910:Britons
824:of the
766:⟩ from
693:British
516:Astures
508:Artabri
500:Astures
478:), the
476:Tamaris
454:Galicia
428:Setúbal
396:Celtici
384:Arevaci
376:Lusones
357:Celtici
323:Goidels
275:Keltine
270:Κελτίνη
265:Celtine
199:roots *
140:epithet
109:Ireland
83:Galátai
78:Γαλάται
4614:Tribes
4561:Fianna
4348:Shelta
4292:Breton
4112:status
4050:Shinty
4025:Gouren
3989:Cnapan
3983:Cammag
3896:Imbolc
3819:Carnyx
3745:Tartan
3664:Carnyx
3431:Mannin
3407:Kernow
3395:Breizh
3265:Gaelic
3221:Fáinne
3166:Brehon
3140:Breton
3094:Druids
2948:Places
2655:Volcae
2600:Belgae
2561:·
2559:
2553:·
2551:
2545:·
2543:
2454:
2425:
2316:
2285:
2239:
2208:
2130:
2106:
2083:
2009:
1813:Celtae
1718:7 June
1709:
1678:Prydyn
1585:Goídel
1511:France
1496:*walh-
1492:*wolk-
1480:gwalch
1476:Uolcae
1468:Uolcae
1461:Volcae
1443:Gallus
1435:Gallia
1431:Waulle
1421:walois
1417:galois
1407:, pl.
1405:valskr
1388:Wælisċ
1380:wælisċ
1355:Jaille
1351:Gallia
1323:Gallia
1319:Gaulle
1307:cheval
1292:garder
1288:guerre
1238:Gallia
1220:Walhaz
1158:German
1134:German
1126:German
1120:< *
1094:Gallos
1042:Latin
997:, and
958:Hierni
949:Iverni
928:Celtae
893:, and
753:German
733:French
680:Celtic
649:Ossian
641:Druids
607:Celtic
589:Milton
581:Celtic
561:Celtae
522:, the
462:populi
420:Strabo
386:, and
344:Celtae
314:Celtae
308:Keltoi
257:Keltos
252:Κελτός
247:Celtus
193:Keltoi
186:Keltoi
170:Keltoí
164:Κελτοί
155:Celtae
144:Druids
125:Celtus
63:Danube
42:Celtae
39:) and
37:Keltoí
32:Κελτοί
4604:Lists
4425:Noric
4340:Mixed
4320:Irish
4302:Welsh
3966:Bando
3959:Sport
3860:Wales
3776:Music
3709:Torcs
3699:Mazes
3629:Wales
3455:Cymru
3450:Wales
3333:Music
3256:Vates
3251:Túath
3201:Druid
3130:Welsh
3120:Irish
2711:Scots
2693:Irish
2688:Gaels
2683:Welsh
2630:Gauls
2620:Gaels
2591:Names
2563:
2555:
2547:
2528:Celts
2003:(PDF)
1902:(PDF)
1887:(PDF)
1857:name.
1845:2, 30
1819:Galli
1666:Picts
1597:Irish
1577:Galli
1567:Gaels
1561:Gaels
1555:Walsh
1528:Vlach
1488:falco
1466:, or
1449:(see
1409:valir
1384:Welsh
1368:Galli
1343:jambe
1341:>
1339:gamba
1315:Gaule
1248:root
1242:Galli
1213:Welsh
1190:Douro
1186:Galli
1154:gelH-
1090:Galli
1083:-atai
1078:Galli
1071:(cf.
1045:Galli
1033:Galli
967:Scoti
940:Gauls
932:Galli
918:Roman
879:Gauls
873:Celts
822:Celts
800:Cavan
737:/t͡s/
723:like
709:Latin
705:Greek
577:Celts
487:Nerii
424:Évora
412:Tagus
392:Spain
380:Titii
349:Iberi
303:Gauls
294:Celta
232:Italy
228:Galli
224:Latin
220:Gauls
205:celid
151:Celts
131:from
101:Celts
89:Galli
74:Gauls
59:Rhine
51:Latin
47:Greek
23:Celts
4499:and
4325:Manx
4212:and
3443:Alba
3419:Éire
3338:Rock
3246:Sept
3226:Fili
3161:Bard
2964:Alba
2706:Manx
2530:and
2452:ISBN
2423:ISBN
2404:help
2314:ISBN
2283:ISBN
2265:2010
2237:ISBN
2206:ISBN
2128:ISBN
2104:ISBN
2081:ISBN
2040:link
2033:help
2007:ISBN
1910:2011
1869:2005
1720:2010
1707:ISBN
1609:Gael
1601:Manx
1599:and
1581:Gaul
1573:Gael
1553:and
1498:via
1484:hawk
1230:Gaul
1222:and
1205:Gaul
1104:as *
1100:for
960:and
952:(in
695:and
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674:Celt
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325:and
263:and
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111:and
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4509:Law
4497:Law
3639:Art
3231:Law
2162:OED
2064:OED
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