1652:
2974:. 1. vol.: A-Beo. Eberhard Brockhaus, Wiesbaden 1953, p. 315. "Ihre dankbarsten und verständnisvollsten Schüler aber fand die hellenistische Kultur in den Römern; sie wurden Mäzene, Nachahmer und schließlich Konkurrenten, indem sie die eigene Sprache wetteifernd neben die griechische setzten: so wurde die antike Kultur zweisprachig, griechisch und lateinisch. Das System dieser griechisch-hellenistisch-römischen Kultur, das sich in der römischen Kaiserzeit abschließend gestaltete, enthielt, neben Elementen des Orients, die griechische Wissenschaft und Philosophie, Dichtung, Geschichtsschreibung, Rhetorik und bildende Kunst." (
2998:, Amsterdam 1939, p. 113. "Es ist ein merkwürdiges Schauspiel – dieser Kampf eines bewussten Römertums gegen die geriebene Gewandtheit des Hellenismus: der römische Geschmack wehrt sich und verbohrt sich trotzig in sich selbst, aber es fällt ihm nicht genug ein, er kann nicht über seine Grenzen weg; was die Griechen bieten, hat soviel Reiz und Bequemlichkeit. In der bildenden Kunst und in der Philosophie gab das Römertum zuerst den Kampf um seine Selbständigkeit auf – Bilden um des Bildes willen, Forschen und Grübeln, theoretische Wahrheitssuche und Spekulation lagen ihm durchaus nicht." (
996:
54:
109:
3000:"It is a strange spectacle: this fight of a conscious Roman striving against the wily ingenuity of Hellenism. The Roman taste offers resistance, defiantly goes mad about itself, but there does not come enough into its mind, it is not able to overcome its limits; there is so much charm and so much comfort in what the Greeks afford. In visual arts and philosophy, Romanism first abandoned the struggle for its independence – forming for the sake of the form, poring and investigation, theoretical speculation and hunt for truth were by no means in its line."
1171:
2960:"Determinant remained the Italic-Roman spirit, that just availed itself of the borrowed forms. (...) Without having come across , the Italic–Roman spirit would hardly have been able to express itself in works of art and would not have got beyond the starts that are preserved in the canopic jars of Chiusi, the Capitoline Wolf, the Warrior of Capestrano. Also the likewise realistic and inartistic conception and production of the portraits in the second and the first centuries BC could only change under the influence of Greek forms."
1378:
2976:"The Hellenistic culture but found its most thankful and its most understanding disciples in the Romans; they became patrons, imitators, and finally rivals, when they competitively set the own language beside the Greek: thus, the antique culture became bilingual, Greek and Latin. The system of this Greco-Latin culture, that assumed its definitive shape in the Roman imperial period, contained, amongst elements of the Orient, the Greek science and philosophy, poetry, historiography, rhetoric and visual arts."
1260:
1870:
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Clare, I. S. (1906). Library of universal history: containing a record of the human race from the earliest historical period to the present time; embracing a general survey of the progress of mankind in national and social life, civil government, religion, literature, science and art. New York: Union
1860:
in Latin, actually referred to those who were subject to the authority of a male head of household. This included non-related members such as slaves and servants. By marriage, both men and women shared property. Divorce was allowed first during the first century BC and could be done by either man or
2058:
remained the only unconquered large urban site of the original Roman empire, as well as being the largest city in Europe. Yet many classical books, sculptures, and technologies survived there along with classical Roman cuisine and scholarly traditions, well into the Middle Ages, when much of it was
3305:
United Center for
Research and Training in History. (1973). Bulgarian historical review. Sofia: Pub. House of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences]. p. 43. (cf. ... in the history of Europe, which marks both the end of ancient history and the beginning of the Middle Ages, is the fall of the Western
3114:
Radner, K. 2010: "The Stele of Sargon II of
Assyria at Kition: A focus for an emerging Cypriot identity?", in R. Rollinger, B. Gufler, M. Lang, I. Madreiter (eds), Interkulturalität in der Alten Welt: Vorderasien, Hellas, Ägypten und die vielfältigen Ebenen des Kontakts, Wiesbaden,
2942:. p. 192. "Bestimmend blieb (...) der italisch-römische Geist, der sich der entlehnten Formen nur bediente. (...) Ohne Begegnung hätte der italisch-römische Geist sich wohl kaum in künstlerischen Schöpfungen ausdrücken können und wäre nicht über die Ansätze, die wir in den
1983:
faith from 634 to 718. These Muslim conquests, of Syria (637), Egypt (639), Cyprus (654), North Africa (665), Hispania (718), Southern Gaul (720), Crete (820), and Sicily (827), Malta (870), as well as the sieges of the
Eastern Roman capital
2047:, who reigned during this period, conducted his court in Greek, not Latin, though Greek had always been an administrative language of the eastern Roman regions. Eastern-Western associations weakened with the ending of the
1274:
had established political control in the region by the late 7th-century BC, forming the aristocratic and monarchial elite. The
Etruscans apparently lost power in the area by the late 6th-century BC, and at this time, the
2223:
idea that the classical Roman virtues had been lost as a result of medievalism was especially powerful in
European politics of the 18th and 19th centuries. Reverence for Roman republicanism was strong among the
1655:
The extent of the Roman
Republic and Roman Empire in 218 BC (dark red), 133 BC (light red), 44 BC (orange), 14 AD (yellow), after 14 AD (green), and maximum extension under Trajan 117 (light
1359:), summoned the Senate and had Superbus and the monarchy expelled from Rome in 510 BC. After Superbus' expulsion, the Senate in 509 BC voted to never again allow the rule of a king and reformed Rome into a
2116:
In politics, the late Roman conception of the Empire as a universal state, commanded by one supreme divinely appointed ruler, united with
Christianity as a universal religion likewise headed by a supreme
2152:
was the Empire's highest-ranked cleric, but even he was subordinate to the emperor, who was "God's
Vicegerent on Earth". The Greek-speaking Byzantines and their descendants continued to call themselves
138:
2141:
who outranks a king dates from this period. In this political ideal, there would always be a Roman Empire, a state the jurisdiction of which extended through the entire civilized western world.
892:
this culture throughout Europe, until they were able to compete with it. This Greco-Roman cultural foundation has been immensely influential on the language, politics, law, educational systems,
2327:. Such a wide sampling of history and territory covers many rather disparate cultures and periods. "Classical antiquity" often refers to an idealized vision of later people, of what was, in
1856:
Classical Rome had vast differences within their family life compared to the Greeks. Fathers had great power over their children, and husbands over their wives. In fact, the word family,
1343:, Superbus was of Etruscan birth. It was during his reign that the Etruscans reached their apex of power. Superbus removed and destroyed all the Sabine shrines and altars from the
2277:. During the revolution, France transitioned from kingdom to republic to dictatorship to Empire (complete with Imperial Eagles) that the Romans had experienced centuries earlier.
2059:"rediscovered" by visiting Western crusaders. Indeed, the inhabitants of Constantinople continued to refer to themselves as Romans, as did their eventual conquerors in 1453, the
1684:
to the dominant force in Italy and beyond. The unification of Italy by the Romans was a gradual process, brought about by a series of conflicts of the 4th and 3rd centuries, the
979:
is usually assumed to have lived during the 8th or 7th century BC, and his lifetime is often considered as the beginning of classical antiquity. During the same period is the
9339:
2027:
resulted in the Slavic invasion of the
Balkans and the weakening of Balkan and Greek urban culture (resulting in the flight of Balkan Latin speakers to the mountains, see
1550:. The classical Greek period conventionally ends at the death of Alexander in 323 BC and the fragmentation of his empire, which was at this time divided among the
3428:
2208:
The political idea of an
Emperor in the West to match the Emperor in the East continued after the Western Roman Empire's collapse; it was revived by the coronation of
1759:
still existed, albeit protected by their extraordinary powers, and would eventually return to its earlier Republican form. The Roman state continued to term itself a
2532:
2071:.) The classical scholarship and culture that was still preserved in Constantinople were brought by refugees fleeing its conquest in 1453 and helped to begin the
11161:
2609:
1746:
The precise end of the Republic is disputed by modern historians; Roman citizens of the time did not recognize that the Republic had ceased to exist. The early
939:
6815:
2935:
2748:
The precise end date of this period is disputed, with estimates ranging from the 3rd-8th centuries AD. Traditionally, it is given as the late 5th century AD.
11151:
2558:
1992:) severed the economic, cultural, and political links that had traditionally united the classical cultures around the Mediterranean, ending antiquity (see
2919:
3105:
Yon, M., Malbran-Labat, F. 1995: "La stèle de Sargon II à Chypre", in A. Caubet (ed.), Khorsabad, le Palais de Sargon II, Roi d'Assyrie, Paris, 159–179.
3063:
11026:
3088:
1960:
Many writers have attempted to name a specific date for the symbolic "end" of antiquity, with the most prominent dates being the deposing of the last
3200:
2995:
2555:
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of the 7th century finalized the irreversible loss of all the largest Eastern Roman imperial cities besides the capital itself. The emperor
10536:
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7244:
2598:
2594:
933:
929:
9447:
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7274:
2565:
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Surviving fragments of classical culture helped produce a revival beginning during the 14th century which later came to be known as the
7333:
5393:
3371:
2582:
2557:
2553:
2552:
11106:
2032:
2600:
1680:
form of government and the Imperial period. During the half millennium of the Republic, Rome increased from a regional power of the
1389:
The classical period of Ancient Greece corresponds to most of the 5th and 4th centuries BC, in particular, from the end of the
935:
10380:
7249:
2566:
2561:
2518:
133:
2121:, proved very influential, even after the disappearance of imperial authority in the west. This tendency reached its maximum when
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9035:
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8621:
7259:
3737:
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771:
3386:
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that resulted in the changeover between classical antiquity and medieval society and no specific date can truly exemplify that.
684:
10468:
9329:
9043:
8849:
8813:
8566:
7254:
6988:
3354:
2149:
889:
2601:
1651:
11242:
11046:
8536:
7361:
6888:
3280:
3255:
2563:
2225:
1989:
936:
2015:
The original Roman Senate continued to express decrees into the late 6th century, and the last Eastern Roman emperor to use
1221:
rather than the simplistic movement of tribes, which characterised the aforementioned earlier migrations. Many colonies, or
11247:
8626:
8501:
7654:
4781:
3602:
3317:
1985:
254:
2880:
The Roman Empire and the Silk Routes: The Ancient World Economy & the Empires of Parthia, Central Asia & Han China
575:
487:
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9368:
7207:
3786:
2596:
2586:
9816:
6878:
5403:
5093:
4786:
4720:
3226:
3182:
2602:
2568:
931:
2572:
2265:
France, republicanism and Roman martial virtues were promoted by the state, as can be seen in the architecture of the
937:
661:
570:
11211:
8546:
7306:
6873:
6868:
6844:
6695:
4791:
4766:
3623:
3327:
3158:
3012:
2891:
2862:
2833:
2604:
2076:
2597:
2567:
2187:
Despite the fact that the Western Roman secular authority disappeared entirely in Europe, it still left traces. The
932:
11041:
10402:
9947:
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9415:
9403:
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in which all the great eastern cities except Constantinople were lost. The resulting turmoil did not end until the
1897:
855:
206:
2599:
2595:
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Book. p. 1519 (cf., Ancient history, as we have already seen, ended with the fall of the Western Roman Empire; )
1712:. This tremendous increase of power was accompanied by economic instability and social unrest, resulting in the
10332:
9759:
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9530:
7581:
7506:
7264:
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4682:
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in particular maintained Latin language, culture, and literacy for centuries; to this day the popes are termed
1976:
1713:
725:
478:
10485:
9967:
9876:
9073:
8077:
6622:
6179:
5672:
5188:
5108:
4806:
4516:
3722:
2954:(...) erhalten haben, hinausgekommen. Auch die gleichermaĂźen realistische wie unkĂĽnstlerische Auffassung der
2851:
The Roman Empire and the Indian Ocean: The Ancient World Economy and the Kingdoms of Africa, Arabia and India
2580:
2576:
1347:, enraging the people of Rome. The people came to object to his rule when he failed to recognize the rape of
972:
20:
2589:
670:
11237:
11096:
11081:
10976:
7917:
7521:
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wrote plays on mythological or classical historical subjects and subjected them to the strict rules of the
1398:
1394:
359:
3197:
2571:
1637:
to a super-regional power during the 2nd century BC and the Roman conquest of Greece in 146 BC.
642:
637:
10502:
10013:
9926:
9921:
9537:
9398:
9012:
8924:
8894:
8818:
8795:
8645:
8616:
8541:
8300:
7356:
7239:
6785:
5650:
5258:
5134:
4796:
4750:
4705:
4481:
4170:
2605:
2603:
2592:
2590:
1926:
1903:
1673:
1591:
1535:
1425:
764:
523:
6189:
2559:
1724:, and finally the transformation to the Roman Empire during the latter half of the 1st century BC.
884:, was the basis of art, philosophy, society, and education in the Mediterranean and Near East until the
10373:
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9982:
9977:
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8879:
8576:
8240:
8132:
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6184:
5317:
5312:
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5198:
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2579:
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in 709 BC over the seven kings of the island, marking an important part of the transfer of Cyprus from
325:
2591:
2584:
1704:
established Rome as a super-regional power by the 2nd century BC, followed by the acquisition of
11021:
10981:
10422:
9952:
9706:
9667:
9373:
9356:
9098:
8737:
8596:
7689:
7644:
7571:
7491:
7439:
7429:
7381:
6728:
6669:
6612:
5568:
5371:
5356:
5278:
5213:
4533:
4428:
3902:
3836:
2927:
2689:
1717:
1200:
1020:
1004:
30:
5180:
5160:
4358:
4016:
2971:
1115:, as well as the revitalization of the written language (which had been lost during the Dark Ages).
11252:
11121:
10849:
10611:
10571:
10561:
10509:
9383:
9349:
9302:
9053:
8854:
8197:
8107:
7616:
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7529:
7469:
7424:
7226:
5366:
5329:
5263:
4929:
4816:
3760:
3458:
The Orientalizing revolution: The Near Eastern influence on Greek culture in the early Archaic age.
2588:
2585:
964:
896:, science, warfare, literature, historiography, ethics, rhetoric, art and architecture of both the
561:
247:
185:
40:
1802:
during the 1st century BC. At the time of the empire's maximal extension during the reign of
1317:
to a festival and stole their unmarried maidens, resulting the integration of Latins and Sabines.
656:
651:
468:
10899:
10807:
10106:
10101:
9957:
9615:
9388:
9287:
9078:
9058:
8747:
8699:
8606:
8586:
8526:
8516:
8506:
7912:
7601:
7501:
7481:
7396:
7386:
7091:
7031:
7011:
6723:
6649:
5773:
5573:
5558:
5361:
5344:
5324:
5293:
5193:
5129:
4745:
4730:
4700:
4661:
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continued the legacy of a united European civilization even after its political unity had ended.
2173:
2095:
2028:
1850:
1607:
858:
in 476 AD. Such a wide span of history and territory covers many disparate cultures and periods.
533:
63:
is one of the most recognizable symbols of the classical era, exemplifying ancient Greek culture.
2583:
2339:!" During the 18th and 19th centuries AD, reverence for classical antiquity was much greater in
1507:. Thebes sought to maintain its dominance until it was finally ended by the increasing power of
11071:
11061:
10650:
10581:
10566:
10047:
10006:
9781:
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9393:
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8167:
7892:
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5610:
5381:
5339:
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5238:
4690:
4674:
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4311:
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4155:
2719:
2701:
2668:
2161:
2144:
That model continued to exist in Constantinople for the entirety of the Middle Ages, where the
2036:
2004:
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1599:
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271:
218:
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Cambridge Companions to the Ancient World. Cambridge, UK, and New York: Cambridge Univ. Press.
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8087:
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7459:
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5878:
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5853:
5543:
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5253:
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4603:
4508:
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3985:
3038:"Neoclassical architecture | Definition, Characteristics, Examples, & Facts | Britannica"
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2593:
1961:
1795:
1709:
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between the 8th century BC and the 5th century AD comprising the interwoven civilizations of
347:
223:
3172:
2082:
Ultimately, it was a slow, complex, and graduated change of the socio-economic structure in
2023:, who reigned until 602. The overthrow of Maurice by his mutinying Danube army commanded by
1487:, the latter two of which were formerly Spartan allies, challenged Spartan dominance in the
632:
11176:
10931:
10844:
10822:
10745:
10741:
10670:
10586:
10531:
10526:
10349:
10193:
10082:
9916:
9911:
9851:
9786:
9691:
9250:
9152:
9142:
9068:
8914:
8906:
8841:
8694:
8591:
8556:
8245:
8112:
8012:
7937:
7802:
7765:
7141:
6805:
6131:
6125:
6111:
5595:
5553:
5525:
5410:
5223:
4453:
4249:
3125:
3037:
2441:
2312:
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1930:
1878:
1874:
1515:
1453:
1352:
1138:
1119:
622:
552:
473:
459:
335:
331:
159:
8235:
3581:
2228:
and the Latin American revolutionaries; the Americans described their new government as a
8:
11201:
11066:
10936:
10726:
10655:
10412:
10385:
10368:
10356:
10178:
9881:
9811:
9754:
9671:
8742:
8684:
8521:
8370:
8172:
8042:
7992:
7311:
6908:
6262:
6232:
5620:
5515:
5510:
4947:
4262:
4175:
4145:
4099:
3862:
2673:
2660:
2481:
2274:
2262:
2201:
which during the classical period was a title belonging to the emperor, and the ideal of
1914:
1573:
1531:
1332:
1074:
959:
The earliest period of classical antiquity occurs during a time of gradual resurgence of
820:
617:
240:
213:
180:
92:
53:
3460:
Translated by Margaret E. Pinder and Walter Burkert. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press.
2907:
1491:, which ended inconclusively in 387 BC. Later, in 371 BC, the Theban generals
10921:
10837:
10827:
10660:
10623:
10553:
10492:
10475:
10429:
10339:
10253:
10067:
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9891:
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9063:
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8727:
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8295:
8102:
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7897:
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6839:
6479:
6376:
6282:
5926:
5843:
5731:
5233:
5057:
4573:
4553:
4410:
4281:
4165:
3960:
3887:
3727:
3717:
2766:
2714:
1950:
1918:
1910:
1619:
1563:
1476:
1417:
1336:
1178:
1163:
1146:
675:
547:
378:
150:
8210:
2958:
im 2. und 1. Jh v Chr konnte sich nur unter dem Einfluß griechischer Formen ändern." (
2266:
1941:
by later historians. Hellenistic philosophy was succeeded by continued development of
1503:. The result of this battle was the end of Spartan supremacy and the establishment of
1041:
was founded in 814 BC, and the Carthaginians by 700 BC had established strongholds in
11051:
10953:
10941:
10926:
10906:
10817:
10764:
10736:
10718:
10521:
10397:
10390:
10203:
10151:
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10057:
9866:
9841:
9821:
9801:
9791:
9681:
9663:
9632:
9565:
9482:
9456:
9244:
9236:
9226:
9132:
8939:
8762:
8752:
8205:
8057:
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7772:
7750:
6958:
6655:
6554:
6141:
5690:
5538:
5490:
5334:
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5165:
5042:
4914:
4735:
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4275:
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3831:
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3394:
3323:
3276:
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3222:
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2858:
2829:
2476:
2290:
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2213:
2145:
2130:
2020:
1721:
1615:
1500:
1457:
1437:
1382:
1310:
1190:
1150:
881:
816:
804:
538:
492:
190:
173:
145:
125:
11196:
3349:
3219:
Chronicle of the Roman Republic: The Rulers of Ancient Rome from Romulus to Augustus
2782:
1170:
975:
inscriptions appearing during the first half of the 8th century. The legendary poet
108:
10812:
10802:
10628:
10576:
10480:
10344:
10233:
10183:
10161:
10156:
10087:
9856:
9771:
9716:
9686:
9637:
9597:
9580:
9570:
9505:
9477:
9344:
9255:
9179:
9120:
8994:
8964:
8949:
8874:
8803:
8719:
8704:
8270:
8230:
8162:
8097:
8022:
8017:
7789:
7712:
7659:
7454:
7449:
7338:
7197:
7146:
7106:
7076:
7071:
7066:
7056:
6978:
6925:
6918:
6903:
6898:
6822:
6750:
6484:
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5981:
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5533:
5420:
5415:
4740:
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4526:
4433:
4049:
3882:
3867:
3857:
3755:
3366:
2821:
2770:
2422:
2197:
2083:
2048:
1969:
1965:
1938:
1893:
1595:
1464:
1421:
1372:
1298:
1096:
1016:
703:
364:
2510:
1586:
far beyond Greece itself, and Hellenistic culture interacted with the cultures of
11186:
11126:
11011:
10859:
10854:
10832:
10752:
10706:
10463:
10417:
10315:
10292:
10275:
10248:
10033:
9896:
9871:
9659:
9642:
9487:
9361:
9199:
9137:
9125:
9115:
8902:
8783:
8365:
8177:
8157:
8117:
8052:
8002:
7997:
7872:
7822:
7730:
7564:
7544:
7464:
6913:
6738:
6499:
6257:
6045:
5858:
5600:
5466:
5398:
4725:
4323:
4305:
4299:
4213:
4190:
4064:
3975:
3935:
3872:
3704:
3358:
3204:
2402:
2328:
2270:
2192:
1922:
1791:
1701:
1627:
1611:
1603:
1587:
1504:
1397:
in 323 BC. In 510, Spartan troops helped the Athenians overthrow the tyrant
1340:
1283:, with greater restraints on the ability of individual rulers to exercise power.
1217:
1204:
1123:
1092:
968:
954:
874:
863:
720:
402:
6524:
6237:
3608:
3427:
of civilizations: Ancient and Medieval Cultures (pp. 31–84). Moscow: URSS, 2008.
1377:
11216:
11136:
11091:
11031:
10996:
10788:
10701:
10606:
10514:
10305:
10139:
10062:
9846:
9836:
9831:
9826:
9806:
9796:
9711:
9654:
9547:
9510:
9308:
9211:
9184:
8884:
8772:
8767:
8676:
8420:
8062:
7797:
7745:
7717:
7664:
7649:
7629:
7444:
7419:
7376:
7366:
7192:
7166:
7096:
7081:
7046:
7006:
6767:
6381:
6321:
6316:
6272:
6053:
6001:
5991:
5971:
5961:
5705:
5700:
5695:
4548:
4347:
4341:
4329:
4129:
4104:
3877:
3802:
3654:
2883:
2854:
2757:
The precise event which signaled the transition of the Roman Republic into the
2632:
2490:
2429:
2410:
2394:
2376:
2332:
2165:
2129:"Roman Emperor" in the year 800, an act which resulted in the formation of the
2055:
2044:
1993:
1954:
1907:
1889:
1775:
1661:
1646:
1634:
1539:
1488:
1480:
1360:
1276:
1182:
1086:
824:
808:
439:
2405:
affected Western literature greatly. In architecture, there have been several
1126:
of the later Dark Ages and the accumulation of influences derived from Egypt,
11231:
11171:
11056:
10971:
10916:
10776:
10696:
10591:
10441:
10434:
10327:
10280:
10173:
10029:
9942:
9741:
9319:
9297:
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8982:
8732:
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5587:
5461:
4613:
4395:
4287:
4243:
4205:
4044:
3965:
3745:
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3362:
3345:
3064:"Classical / Classical Revival / Neo-Classical: an architectural style guide"
2987:
2762:
2406:
2344:
2184:", and the Czars ruled as divinely appointed Emperors into the 20th century.
2060:
1838:
1815:
1807:
1750:
1665:
1582:
1445:
1356:
1344:
1325:
1292:
1228:
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7639:
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7121:
6893:
6777:
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6386:
6252:
6106:
5976:
5615:
5451:
4957:
4919:
4618:
2774:
2761:
is a matter of interpretation. Historians have proposed the appointment of
2758:
2445:
2418:
2409:, which seem more inspired in retrospect by Roman architecture than Greek.
2372:
2347:
than it is now. Respect for the ancient people of Greece and Rome affected
2336:
1946:
1881:
1783:
1733:
1705:
1685:
1313:. As the city was bereft of women, legend says that the Latins invited the
885:
846:
Conventionally, it is often considered to begin with the earliest-recorded
836:
828:
812:
410:
383:
2825:
2397:
received their first poetic educations in Latin. Genres like epic poetry,
11146:
10894:
10889:
10881:
10866:
10691:
10596:
10407:
10243:
10208:
10188:
10168:
10146:
10111:
9886:
9764:
9749:
9721:
9557:
9277:
9206:
9093:
8959:
8889:
8864:
8859:
8808:
8225:
7847:
7669:
7559:
6953:
6454:
6346:
6326:
6154:
5662:
5640:
5630:
5625:
5548:
5505:
5052:
4962:
4952:
4839:
4829:
4593:
3970:
3945:
3659:
3442:
Boatwright, Mary T., Daniel J. Gargola, and Richard J. A. Talbert. 2004.
2724:
2489:
in a manner allegedly similar to the manner of the ancient Greeks caused
2472:
2449:
2390:
2382:
2234:
2220:
2209:
2202:
2122:
2103:
2072:
2008:
1972:
1934:
1831:
1767:
1755:
1693:
1577:
1492:
1406:
1321:
1137:
Pottery styles associated with the later part of the Archaic age are the
980:
904:
862:
may also refer to an idealized vision among later people of what was, in
589:
584:
454:
304:
228:
6159:
2815:
10677:
10665:
10635:
10601:
10541:
10223:
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4904:
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4889:
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4859:
4849:
4824:
4200:
3955:
3910:
3419:
Grinin L. E. Early State in the Classical World: Statehood and Ancient
2360:
2352:
2286:
2181:
2126:
2107:
1846:
1799:
1697:
1677:
1320:
Archaeological evidence indeed shows first traces of settlement at the
1242:), that were founded during this period eventually evolved into strong
1104:
960:
893:
866:'s words, "the glory that was Greece, and the grandeur that was Rome".
605:
415:
368:
343:
289:
100:
6680:
2468:
1869:
1390:
71:
11111:
10948:
10683:
10645:
10238:
10052:
9696:
9004:
8637:
8480:
8475:
8435:
8360:
8330:
8310:
8187:
8127:
8037:
7987:
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7907:
7867:
7755:
7725:
7534:
7409:
7202:
7086:
7061:
6940:
6366:
6292:
6277:
6247:
6242:
6174:
6098:
6083:
6068:
6011:
5911:
5563:
5495:
5067:
5047:
5017:
5012:
5007:
4972:
4967:
4937:
4884:
4844:
4623:
4489:
4443:
4423:
4054:
3925:
3479:
Alexander to Actium: The historical evolution of the Hellenistic age.
3420:
2433:
2368:
2356:
2303:
2118:
2040:
1942:
1842:
1689:
1623:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1496:
1222:
1208:
1194:
1174:
Greek territories and colonies during the Archaic period (750–550 BC)
1127:
1100:
1066:
1012:
1000:
840:
708:
429:
293:
78:
60:
9425:
2295:
11101:
10797:
10618:
10446:
10361:
10300:
10263:
9906:
9701:
8440:
8425:
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8400:
8315:
8305:
8275:
8265:
8260:
8250:
8152:
8067:
7947:
7932:
7862:
7842:
7832:
7827:
7807:
7606:
7187:
7151:
7041:
6968:
6800:
6416:
6406:
6396:
6371:
6149:
6116:
6078:
6021:
5936:
5921:
5778:
5768:
5685:
5680:
5077:
5072:
5032:
5027:
5002:
4982:
4909:
4864:
4854:
4710:
4608:
4543:
4471:
4079:
3694:
3684:
2785:(16 January 27 BC), as candidates for the defining
2778:
2678:
2457:
2437:
2398:
2389:
continued to be written and circulated well into the 19th century.
2348:
2246:(another Latin term), rather than use available English terms like
1999:
1827:
1811:
1787:
1551:
1468:
1410:
1409:, king of Sparta, established a pro-Spartan oligarchy conducted by
1348:
1280:
1210:
1046:
1038:
420:
317:
6169:
1738:
1727:
1538:
power not only over the central Greek city-states but also to the
11016:
10871:
10783:
9776:
9587:
8460:
8455:
8445:
8410:
8405:
8395:
8340:
8325:
8142:
8137:
8122:
8092:
8047:
8027:
8007:
7962:
7694:
7549:
7328:
7136:
7131:
7021:
6559:
6549:
6494:
6489:
6474:
6464:
6449:
6444:
6331:
6219:
6209:
6088:
6063:
6058:
6031:
6026:
6006:
5996:
5986:
5951:
5941:
5931:
5883:
5873:
5848:
5813:
5808:
5783:
5436:
5218:
4879:
4869:
4628:
4598:
4588:
4583:
4563:
4558:
4438:
4385:
4094:
4084:
4074:
4069:
4059:
3771:
3712:
3679:
3674:
3424:
3369:. The thesis was originally discussed in an article published in
2464:
2364:
2324:
2307:
2138:
2134:
2064:
1819:
1779:
1569:
1568:
Greece began the Hellenistic period with the increasing power of
1508:
1484:
1314:
1142:
1108:
1050:
948:
870:
6504:
5818:
2148:
was considered the sovereign of the entire Christian world. The
1937:, in a state called Romania by its citizens, and designated the
1841:, but also incorporated syncretic "eastern" traditions, such as
1518:, (359–336 BC), Macedon expanded into the territory of the
11036:
8470:
8350:
8280:
8220:
8215:
8182:
7942:
7927:
7877:
7857:
7279:
7156:
7051:
6529:
6459:
6439:
6401:
6267:
6073:
5966:
5903:
5893:
5838:
5456:
5441:
5037:
5022:
4997:
4992:
4977:
4638:
4633:
4400:
4380:
4124:
4114:
4109:
3980:
3940:
3930:
3915:
3597:
2494:
2461:
2460:
even longer than Greek thought prevailed in philosophy. In the
2414:
2340:
2188:
2177:
2154:
2024:
1980:
1803:
1763:
as long as it continued to use Latin as its official language.
1742:
The extent of the Roman Empire under Trajan, AD 117.
1681:
1472:
1449:
1441:
1429:
1306:
1112:
1062:
1058:
1042:
1030:
877:
832:
744:
3523:
Blackwell History of the Ancient World. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
2551:
2068:
928:
11001:
10991:
10986:
10458:
10453:
8255:
7977:
7704:
6996:
6539:
6514:
6411:
6351:
6336:
6204:
6164:
5916:
5828:
5823:
5793:
5788:
5763:
5446:
4987:
4942:
4894:
4466:
4418:
4119:
4089:
4036:
4011:
3950:
3920:
3669:
2786:
2486:
2453:
2386:
2299:
2016:
1823:
1668:
c. 509 BC and lasted more than 450 years until its
1547:
1543:
1433:
1366:
1243:
1131:
1054:
976:
851:
39:"Classical era" redirects here. For the period in music, see
3526:
Rosenstein, Nathan S., and Robert Morstein-Marx, eds. 2006.
1331:
According to legend, the seventh and final king of Rome was
11131:
8465:
8032:
7972:
7554:
6930:
6544:
6519:
6469:
5956:
5946:
3664:
3423:. In Grinin L. E. et al. (eds.) Hierarchy and Power in the
3126:"The Cypriot rulers as client kings of the Assyrian empire"
2729:
2019:
as the language of his court in Constantinople was emperor
1864:
1640:
1302:
1118:
In pottery, the Archaic period sees the development of the
1026:
990:
81:, a prominent symbol of the Roman classical era and culture
2401:
verse, and the frequent use of characters and themes from
7026:
1351:, a patrician Roman, by his own son. Lucretia's kinsman,
11116:
3387:"Reason and Faith: The Thought of Thomas AquinasOxford"
3153:
by Michael Kerrigan. Dorling Kindersley, London: 2001.
29:"Classical world" redirects here. For the journal, see
1633:
The Hellenistic period ended with the increase of the
967:. The 8th and 7th centuries BC are still largely
911:
revivals occurred during the 18th and 19th centuries.
831:
flourished and had major influence throughout much of
1324:
in the mid-8th century BC, though settlements on the
2622:
1902:
The Roman Empire began to weaken as a result of the
1728:
Roman Empire (1st century BC to 5th century AD)
923:
3521:
A history of the Classical Greek world: 478–323 BC.
2540:
2157:" until the creation of a new Greek state in 1832.
2007:the provinces of Syria and Egypt. At the same time
1381:Delian League ("Athenian Empire"), just before the
1207:, in that it consisted of organised direction (see
3243:
1949:, with Neoplatonism in due course influencing the
1606:. Significant advances were made in the sciences (
1557:
1471:from office, and Sparta lost its naval supremacy.
1460:(431–404 BC), ending with a Spartan victory.
3638:
3451:The Cambridge Companion to the Hellenistic world.
3322:. Columbia University Press. p. 273 of 331.
1913:became increasingly popular, finally ousting the
1145:during the 7th-century BC and its successor, the
11229:
3241:
3177:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 3.
3089:"The Esarhaddon Prism / Library of Ashurbanipal"
2323:is a general term for a long period of cultural
2172:claimed the Byzantine legacy as the champion of
1664:of Ancient Rome began with the overthrow of the
4007:
3551:Revised ed. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press.
1837:Culturally, the Roman Empire was significantly
1367:Classical Greece (5th to 4th centuries BC)
1279:tribes reinvented their government by creating
3472:The Cambridge Companion to the Roman Republic.
1774:from the 130s BC with the acquisition of
1534:, (356–323 BC) managed to briefly extend
1424:ended with not only the liberation of Greece,
1301:on 21 April 753 BC by twin descendants of the
949:Archaic period (c. 8th to c. 6th centuries BC)
10028:
10014:
9441:
9020:
8653:
6696:
3787:
3624:
3270:
3242:Duiker, William; Spielvogel, Jackson (2001).
2526:
1865:Late antiquity (4th to 6th centuries AD)
1641:Roman Republic (5th to 1st centuries BC)
1467:, but by 395 BC the Spartan rulers dismissed
1033:, by the 8th century dominating trade in the
765:
248:
9404:Wars of the fall of the Western Roman Empire
3198:Myths and Legends – Rome, the Wolf, and Mars
3170:
3013:"Traces of Ancient Rome in the Modern World"
3509:2nd ed. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press.
1049:, which created conflicts of interest with
10021:
10007:
9448:
9434:
9027:
9013:
8660:
8646:
6703:
6689:
4673:
3794:
3780:
3631:
3617:
3542:The Greek world after Alexander 323–30 BC.
3535:The Cambridge Companion to Archaic Greece.
3341:
3339:
3250:(Third ed.). Wadsworth. p. 129.
2992:History of the world – peoples, men, ideas
2990:: Weltgeschichte – Völker, Männer, Ideen (
2877:
2848:
2533:
2519:
1806:(AD 117), Rome controlled the entire
772:
758:
255:
241:
3500:A Companion to the Classical Greek world.
2417:buildings with facades made to look like
1025:The Phoenicians originally expanded from
880:, together with some influences from the
3216:
2930:(1960): Bildende Kunst I (Archäologie) (
2294:
2054:The Eastern Roman empire's capital city
1998:
1868:
1737:
1650:
1546:and lands as far east as the fringes of
1376:
1258:
1199:The Archaic expansion differed from the
1169:
994:
991:Phoenicians, Carthaginians and Assyrians
943:Compact timeline of classical antiquity.
139:Classical education in the Eastern world
134:Classical education in the Western world
9175:Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula
6710:
3493:A Companion to the Classical Tradition.
3446:New York and Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press
3372:Revue Belge de Philologie et d'Histoire
3336:
3271:Wiesner-Hanks, Merry E. (6 July 2010).
2849:McLaughlin, Raoul (11 September 2014).
2773:(2 September 31 BC), and the
2089:
854:(8th–7th-century BC) and ends with the
11230:
9034:
8667:
5727:
2878:McLaughlin, Raoul (11 November 2016).
2448:. Greek and Roman authorities such as
2003:The Byzantine Empire in 650 after the
1790:, and definitely with the addition of
1328:may date back to the 10th century BC.
1095:, and saw significant advancements in
888:. The Romans preserved, imitated, and
10002:
9455:
9429:
9008:
8641:
6684:
6584:
5726:
5155:
4659:
4006:
3826:
3775:
3612:
3474:Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press.
3465:A companion to the Hellenistic world.
3453:Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press.
3315:
3273:Gender in History Global Perspectives
2813:
2742:
2514:
2226:Founding Fathers of the United States
1977:conquest of much of the Mediterranean
1927:weakening of the Western Roman Empire
1921:of 393. Successive invasions of
1246:, functioning independently of their
1007:(in red) about 8th to 6th century BC.
9283:Julius Caesar's invasions of Britain
8870:Pyrrhus' invasion of the Peloponnese
6195:Illicitanus Limin/Portus Illicitanus
3827:
3481:Berkeley: Univ. of California Press.
3171:Adkins, Lesley; Adkins, Roy (1998).
2456:formed the basis of the practice of
2436:, despite the intervening change in
1558:Hellenistic period (323–146 BC)
1420:(499–449 BC), concluded by the
900:, and through it, the modern world.
16:Age of the ancient Greeks and Romans
9963:History of the Mediterranean region
3444:The Romans: From village to empire.
3221:. Thames & Hudson. p. 19.
2306:walking and disputing. Detail from
1236:
13:
8850:Antigonid–Nabataean confrontations
5156:
3801:
3528:A companion to the Roman Republic.
3467:Malden, MA, and Oxford: Blackwell.
3435:
3429:Early State in the Classical World
2709:Regions during classical antiquity
2421:, with columns constructed in the
2280:
1929:during the 5th century, while the
1463:Greece began the 4th century with
1448:, which resulted in conflict with
983:date for the establishment of the
14:
11264:
11212:Western European and Others Group
3556:
3502:Oxford and Malden, MA: Blackwell.
3384:
3275:(2nd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell.
3151:Ancient Rome and the Roman Empire
2817:Rethinking the Other in Antiquity
2432:was derived largely from that of
2216:ruled central Europe until 1806.
2077:Greek scholars in the Renaissance
2033:Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628
1440:, but also with the dominance of
1254:
1156:
1122:, which signals a shift from the
1065:commemorates the victory of King
9948:Bibliography of European history
9543:Fall of the Western Roman Empire
9416:Military history of ancient Rome
6664:
6654:
6645:
6644:
3596:
3514:A companion to the Roman Empire.
3491:Kallendorf, Craig W., ed. 2007.
3174:Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome
3017:education.nationalgeographic.org
2932:Visual arts I – archaeology
2653:
2639:
2625:
2212:in 800; the self-described
1964:in 476, the closing of the last
1898:Fall of the Western Roman Empire
1286:
1162:This section is an excerpt from
1091:The Archaic period followed the
823:. It is the period during which
107:
70:
52:
9973:History of Western civilization
9576:Christianity in the Middle Ages
9399:Civil wars of the Third Century
6665:
3378:
3309:
3299:
3289:
3264:
3235:
3210:
3191:
3164:
3144:
3118:
3108:
3099:
3081:
3056:
3030:
2781:'s extraordinary powers by the
2751:
2542:Timeline of classical antiquity
2507:Timeline of classical antiquity
924:Timeline of classical antiquity
856:end of the Western Roman Empire
9817:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
9760:Christianity in the modern era
9531:Christianity in late antiquity
3005:
2981:
2965:
2913:
2900:
2871:
2842:
2820:. Princeton University Press.
2807:
2331:'s words, "the glory that was
1:
9968:History of the European Union
4266:
4253:
4234:
4217:
3488:London and New York: Methuen.
3319:A History of Greek Literature
2908:To Helen#Revised 1845 version
2796:
11243:History of the Mediterranean
7275:Frontiers and fortifications
5394:Funeral and burial practices
4579:Military of Mycenaean Greece
3587:Resources in other libraries
3533:Shapiro, H. Alan, ed. 2007.
2801:
2685:Outline of classical studies
1395:death of Alexander the Great
1240: "home away from home"
1223:
1215:) away from the originating
1209:
803:, is the period of cultural
7:
11248:History of Europe by period
9927:Russian invasion of Ukraine
9538:Crisis of the Third Century
8819:Wars of Alexander the Great
7334:Decorations and punishments
3486:The Greek world 479–323 BC.
3463:Erskine, Andrew, ed. 2003.
3449:Bugh, Glenn. R., ed. 2006.
3130:The many kingdoms of Cyprus
2769:(February 44 BC), the
2618:
2500:
2150:Patriarch of Constantinople
1904:crisis of the third century
1181:refers to the expansion of
10:
11269:
9983:Military history of Europe
9978:Maritime history of Europe
8241:Dionysius of Halicarnassus
6816:historiography of the fall
5318:Greek Revival architecture
4660:
3412:
2504:
2284:
2112:Legacy of the Roman Empire
2093:
1887:
1810:as well as Gaul, parts of
1731:
1644:
1618:, etc.), notably with the
1561:
1370:
1290:
1266:in north of Italy, 800 BC.
1232:
1185:, particularly during the
1161:
1084:
1010:
952:
921:
914:
207:Between World War I and II
199:20th-century neoclassicism
38:
28:
18:
10982:Anglo-Portuguese Alliance
10962:
10880:
10717:
10552:
10423:Standard Average European
10291:
10120:
10040:
9953:Genetic history of Europe
9935:
9740:
9556:
9496:
9463:
9412:
9357:Roman conquest of Britain
9328:
9042:
8991:
8827:
8738:Wars of the Delian League
8718:
8675:
8622:External wars and battles
8489:
8383:
8196:
7788:
7781:
7703:
7615:
7520:
7395:
7347:
7225:
7175:
7114:
7105:
6987:
6939:
6859:
6776:
6746:
6737:
6719:
6640:
6591:
6585:
6580:
6425:
6302:
6291:
6218:
6140:
6097:
6044:
5902:
5754:
5745:
5741:
5722:
5671:
5586:
5524:
5486:
5479:
5429:
5389:
5380:
5302:
5179:
5175:
5151:
5117:
5086:
4928:
4815:
4759:
4726:Attalid kings of Pergamon
4681:
4672:
4668:
4655:
4534:Antigonid Macedonian army
4507:
4480:
4452:
4409:
4366:
4357:
4199:
4138:
4035:
4031:
4002:
3901:
3850:
3846:
3822:
3809:
3736:
3703:
3647:
3582:Resources in your library
3498:Kinzl, Konrad, ed. 2006.
3484:Hornblower, Simon. 1983.
3470:Flower, Harriet I. 2004.
3217:Matyszak, Philip (2003).
2928:Walter-Herwig Schuchhardt
2690:Outline of ancient Greece
2548:
2479:derived from Aristotle's
2162:capture of Constantinople
2031:), and also provoked the
1933:persisted throughout the
1080:
1021:Ancient history of Cyprus
11122:Lancaster House Treaties
10612:Christian existentialism
10572:Ancient Roman philosophy
10562:Ancient Greek philosophy
8763:Second Peloponnesian War
3547:Walbank, Frank W. 1993.
3351:Mohammed and Charlemagne
3207:. Accessed 8 March 2007.
2735:
2335:, the grandeur that was
1099:, and the beginnings of
965:Late Bronze Age collapse
41:Classical period (music)
10900:Equality before the law
10107:Romano-Germanic culture
9958:History of Christianity
9054:Roman conquest of Italy
8748:First Peloponnesian War
8617:Roman–Iranian relations
7092:Optimates and populares
3540:Shipley, Graham. 2000.
3519:Rhodes, Peter J. 2006.
3512:Potter, David S. 2006.
3456:Burkert, Walter. 1992.
3361:English translation by
3042:Encyclopædia Britannica
2695:Outline of ancient Rome
2493:to create her brand of
2273:, and the paintings of
2096:Carolingian Renaissance
2029:Origin of the Romanians
2011:settled in the Balkans.
1696:. Roman victory in the
11062:Eastern European Group
10651:Continental philosophy
10582:Judeo-Christian ethics
10567:Hellenistic philosophy
10048:Cradle of civilization
9782:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
8955:Seleucid Dynastic Wars
8880:Seleucid–Parthian Wars
8814:Expansion of Macedonia
8627:Civil wars and revolts
7893:Sextus Pompeius Festus
7540:Conflict of the Orders
6899:Legislative assemblies
4760:Artists & scholars
4675:List of ancient Greeks
4312:Second Athenian League
4161:Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
3986:Ancient Greek colonies
3723:Levant (Greater Syria)
3549:The Hellenistic world.
3495:Malden, MA: Blackwell.
3391:The Dartmouth Apologia
2952:Krieger von Capestrano
2948:kapitolinischen Wölfin
2720:History of the Balkans
2702:Post-classical history
2669:Classical architecture
2467:, playwrights such as
2428:The philosophy of St.
2317:
2180:was described as the "
2168:(a title derived from
2012:
1885:
1743:
1657:
1393:in 510 BC to the
1386:
1339:and the son-in-law of
1267:
1175:
1153:in about 530 BC.
1141:, which originated in
1008:
815:known together as the
11182:Three Seas Initiative
11157:Pacific Islands Forum
11022:British–Irish Council
10770:Greek Orthodox Church
10229:Industrial Revolution
10199:Scientific Revolution
9862:Industrial Revolution
9384:Domitian's Dacian War
9303:Liberators' civil war
8336:Simplicius of Cilicia
8088:Quintus Curtius Rufus
7317:Siege in Ancient Rome
6926:Executive magistrates
5879:Sybaris on the Traeis
4604:Sacred Band of Thebes
4344:(c. 300 BC–c. 300 AD)
3858:Cycladic civilization
3516:Malden, MA: Blackwell
3505:Murray, Oswyn. 1993.
3316:Hadas, Moses (1950).
2826:10.1515/9781400836550
2681:(Classical education)
2647:Ancient Greece portal
2505:Further information:
2298:
2164:in 1453, the Russian
2133:. The notion that an
2094:Further information:
2002:
1975:in 529, and the
1970:Eastern Roman emperor
1962:Western Roman Emperor
1872:
1741:
1654:
1572:and the conquests of
1499:won a victory at the
1380:
1361:republican government
1297:According to legend,
1264:Etruscan civilization
1262:
1173:
998:
985:Ancient Olympic Games
953:Further information:
922:Further information:
886:Roman imperial period
360:Age of the human race
19:For the journal, see
11177:Special Relationship
10587:Christian philosophy
10532:Western Christianity
10194:Age of Enlightenment
10068:Hellenistic Kingdoms
9917:European debt crisis
9912:European integration
9852:Age of Enlightenment
9692:Republic of Florence
9389:Trajan's Dacian Wars
9074:Roman–Hernician wars
8855:Seleucid–Mauryan war
8695:Second Messenian War
8346:Stephanus Byzantinus
8251:Eusebius of Caesaria
8113:Sidonius Apollinaris
7803:Ammianus Marcellinus
7142:Tribune of the plebs
5404:mythological figures
5125:Ancient Greek tribes
4250:Peloponnesian League
3605:at Wikimedia Commons
3477:Green, Peter. 1990.
3397:on 13 September 2013
3375:1 (1922), pp. 77–86.
3357:8 April 2015 at the
2313:The School of Athens
2100:Ottonian Renaissance
2090:Political revivalism
1931:Eastern Roman Empire
1753:maintained that the
1672:through a series of
1514:During the reign of
1454:Peloponnesian League
1353:Lucius Junius Brutus
1187:8th–6th centuries BC
1139:black-figure pottery
971:, with the earliest
787:, also known as the
160:Age of Enlightenment
130:Classical education
11238:Classical antiquity
11202:West Nordic Council
11067:Eastern Partnership
10656:Analytic philosophy
10357:Classical tradition
10179:Early modern period
10135:Classical antiquity
10130:European Bronze Age
9882:Revolutions of 1848
9812:Early modern France
9593:Anglo-Saxon England
9498:Classical antiquity
9288:Roman–Parthian Wars
9079:Roman–Volscian wars
9059:Roman–Etruscan Wars
8743:Third Messenian War
8700:Lydian–Milesian War
8685:First Messenian War
8522:Distinguished women
8173:Velleius Paterculus
8013:Nicolaus Damascenus
7993:Marcellus Empiricus
7382:Republican currency
5516:Tunnel of Eupalinos
5511:Theatre of Dionysus
5135:Ancient Macedonians
4751:Tyrants of Syracuse
4263:Amphictyonic League
3863:Minoan civilization
3640:Classical antiquity
3603:Classical antiquity
3568:Classical antiquity
3203:29 May 2007 at the
2972:Der GroĂźe Brockhaus
2936:Das Fischer Lexikon
2674:Classical tradition
2661:Ancient Rome portal
2442:Hellenic Polytheism
2321:Classical antiquity
2275:Jacques-Louis David
1915:Roman imperial cult
1849:, and most notably
1714:Catiline conspiracy
1574:Alexander the Great
1532:Alexander the Great
1456:, resulting in the
1333:Tarquinius Superbus
1201:Iron Age migrations
1149:, developed by the
1120:Orientalizing style
1075:Neo-Assyrian Empire
860:Classical antiquity
821:Mediterranean Basin
785:Classical antiquity
435:Classical antiquity
117:Classical antiquity
22:Classical Antiquity
10661:Post-structuralism
10624:Christian humanism
10254:Universal suffrage
9988:Crusading movement
9892:Russian Revolution
9727:Hundred Years' War
9623:Maritime republics
9526:Early Christianity
9516:Hellenistic period
9473:Paleolithic Europe
9394:Roman–Persian Wars
9293:Caesar's civil war
9165:Roman–Seleucid war
9064:Roman-Aequian wars
9036:Ancient Roman wars
8930:Roman–Seleucid War
8789:Theban–Spartan War
8728:Greco-Persian Wars
8669:Ancient Greek wars
8296:Phlegon of Tralles
8103:Seneca the Younger
7577:Naming conventions
7307:Personal equipment
6840:Later Roman Empire
6190:Menestheus's Limin
5844:Pandosia (Lucania)
5732:Greek colonisation
5094:Athenian statesmen
4855:Diogenes of Sinope
4716:Kings of Macedonia
4706:Kings of Commagene
4574:Macedonian phalanx
4554:Hellenistic armies
4302:(c. 424–c. 395 BC)
4166:Indo-Greek Kingdom
3888:Hellenistic Greece
3544:London: Routledge.
3530:Oxford: Blackwell.
2944:Kanopen von Chiusi
2922:: Römische Kunst (
2814:Gruen, E. (2010).
2767:perpetual dictator
2715:Hellenistic Greece
2318:
2013:
1919:Theodosian decrees
1886:
1826:, Asia Minor, the
1744:
1658:
1564:Hellenistic period
1418:Greco-Persian Wars
1387:
1337:Tarquinius Priscus
1268:
1179:Greek colonisation
1176:
1164:Greek colonisation
1009:
987:, in 776 BC.
963:sources after the
819:, centered on the
11225:
11224:
11052:Council of Europe
10954:International law
10907:Constitutionalism
10765:Eastern Orthodoxy
10271:Post–Cold War era
10204:Age of Revolution
10058:Greco-Roman world
9996:
9995:
9922:COVID-19 pandemic
9867:French Revolution
9842:Habsburg monarchy
9822:Cossack Hetmanate
9802:Portuguese Empire
9792:Absolute monarchy
9787:Thirty Years' War
9682:Holy Roman Empire
9607:Bulgarian Empire
9566:Early Middle Ages
9483:Bronze Age Europe
9457:History of Europe
9423:
9422:
9379:Jewish–Roman wars
9251:Sulla's civil war
9245:Bellum Octavianum
9133:Illyro-Roman Wars
9106:Roman–Gallic wars
9084:Roman–Sabine wars
9002:
9001:
8940:War against Nabis
8753:Second Sacred War
8635:
8634:
8597:Pontifices maximi
8379:
8378:
8236:Diogenes Laërtius
8058:Pliny the Younger
7813:Asconius Pedianus
7773:Romance languages
7645:Civil engineering
7387:Imperial currency
7260:Political control
7221:
7220:
6855:
6854:
6678:
6677:
6636:
6635:
6576:
6575:
6572:
6571:
6568:
6567:
6142:Iberian Peninsula
6074:Lipara/Meligounis
6040:
6039:
5718:
5717:
5714:
5713:
5691:Cypriot syllabary
5582:
5581:
5491:Athenian Treasury
5475:
5474:
5147:
5146:
5143:
5142:
4736:Ptolemaic dynasty
4696:Archons of Athens
4651:
4650:
4647:
4646:
4522:Athenian military
4503:
4502:
4336:League of Corinth
4318:Thessalian League
4294:Chalcidian League
4276:Acarnanian League
4186:Ptolemaic Kingdom
3998:
3997:
3994:
3993:
3769:
3768:
3601:Media related to
3563:Library resources
3282:978-1-4051-8995-8
3257:978-0-534-57168-9
3132:. 5 November 2012
2940:S. Fischer Verlag
2920:Helga von Heintze
2704:(the next period)
2615:
2614:
2477:classical unities
2425:of architecture.
2291:Classical studies
2214:Holy Roman Empire
2146:Byzantine Emperor
2131:Holy Roman Empire
1968:in Athens by the
1953:of the Christian
1722:First Triumvirate
1662:Republican period
1592:Kingdom of Israel
1501:Battle of Leuctra
1458:Peloponnesian War
1383:Peloponnesian War
1311:Romulus and Remus
1244:Greek city-states
1191:Mediterranean Sea
1151:Andokides Painter
882:ancient Near East
817:Greco-Roman world
782:
781:
734:
733:
726:Political history
351:
339:
309:
305:Pleistocene epoch
265:
264:
174:Weimar Classicism
126:Greco-Roman world
11260:
11097:EU Customs Union
10629:Secular humanism
10577:Christian ethics
10527:East–West Schism
10510:Physical culture
10234:Great Divergence
10184:Age of Discovery
10023:
10016:
10009:
10000:
9999:
9857:Great Divergence
9772:Age of Discovery
9717:Late Middle Ages
9687:High Middle Ages
9598:Byzantine Empire
9581:Christianization
9571:Migration Period
9506:Classical Greece
9478:Neolithic Europe
9450:
9443:
9436:
9427:
9426:
9345:Marcomannic Wars
9256:Mithridatic Wars
9180:Celtiberian Wars
9069:Roman–Latin wars
9029:
9022:
9015:
9006:
9005:
8995:Military history
8965:Mithridatic Wars
8950:Maccabean Revolt
8898:
8875:Chremonidean War
8804:Third Sacred War
8799:
8705:First Sacred War
8662:
8655:
8648:
8639:
8638:
8587:Magistri equitum
8502:Cities and towns
8495:
8421:Constantinopolis
8231:Diodorus Siculus
8163:Valerius Maximus
8098:Seneca the Elder
8018:Nonius Marcellus
7786:
7785:
7339:Hippika gymnasia
7302:Infantry tactics
7208:Consular tribune
7198:Magister equitum
7147:Military tribune
7112:
7111:
7072:Pontifex maximus
7067:Princeps senatus
7057:Magister militum
6823:Byzantine Empire
6744:
6743:
6705:
6698:
6691:
6682:
6681:
6668:
6667:
6658:
6648:
6647:
6582:
6581:
6300:
6299:
5799:Heraclea Lucania
5752:
5751:
5743:
5742:
5724:
5723:
5484:
5483:
5416:Twelve Olympians
5387:
5386:
5177:
5176:
5153:
5152:
4741:Seleucid dynasty
4721:Kings of Paionia
4670:
4669:
4657:
4656:
4527:Scythian archers
4434:Graphe paranomon
4364:
4363:
4271:
4268:
4258:
4255:
4239:
4236:
4226:
4222:
4219:
4033:
4032:
4004:
4003:
3883:Classical Greece
3868:Mycenaean Greece
3848:
3847:
3824:
3823:
3796:
3789:
3782:
3773:
3772:
3633:
3626:
3619:
3610:
3609:
3600:
3407:
3406:
3404:
3402:
3393:. Archived from
3382:
3376:
3367:Internet Archive
3343:
3334:
3333:
3313:
3307:
3303:
3297:
3293:
3287:
3286:
3268:
3262:
3261:
3249:
3239:
3233:
3232:
3214:
3208:
3195:
3189:
3188:
3168:
3162:
3148:
3142:
3141:
3139:
3137:
3122:
3116:
3112:
3106:
3103:
3097:
3096:
3085:
3079:
3078:
3076:
3074:
3068:architecture.com
3060:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3049:
3034:
3028:
3027:
3025:
3023:
3009:
3003:
2985:
2979:
2969:
2963:
2917:
2911:
2906:Poe EA (1845). "
2904:
2898:
2897:
2875:
2869:
2868:
2846:
2840:
2839:
2811:
2790:
2783:first settlement
2771:Battle of Actium
2755:
2749:
2746:
2663:
2658:
2657:
2656:
2649:
2644:
2643:
2642:
2635:
2630:
2629:
2628:
2535:
2528:
2521:
2512:
2511:
2485:. The desire to
2423:classical orders
2238:) and gave it a
2198:Pontifex Maximus
2084:European history
2049:Byzantine Papacy
2037:Muslim conquests
1973:Justinian I
1966:Platonic Academy
1939:Byzantine Empire
1894:Migration period
1596:Kingdom of Judah
1530:. Philip's son,
1465:Spartan hegemony
1422:Peace of Callias
1407:Cleomenes I
1391:Athenian tyranny
1373:Classical Greece
1335:. As the son of
1299:Rome was founded
1241:
1238:
1234:
1226:
1214:
1147:red-figure style
1097:political theory
1017:Ancient Carthage
1003:(in yellow) and
973:Greek alphabetic
805:European history
793:classical period
774:
767:
760:
749:
743:
704:Age of Discovery
611:
610:
379:Earliest records
365:Recorded history
341:
329:
301:
299:
288:
267:
266:
257:
250:
243:
111:
88:
87:
74:
56:
11268:
11267:
11263:
11262:
11261:
11259:
11258:
11257:
11253:Historical eras
11228:
11227:
11226:
11221:
11187:UKUSA Agreement
11127:Lublin Triangle
11012:Baltic Assembly
10964:
10958:
10876:
10713:
10548:
10418:Eurolinguistics
10287:
10276:Information age
10249:Interwar period
10116:
10036:
10027:
9997:
9992:
9931:
9897:Interwar period
9872:Napoleonic Wars
9736:
9707:Mongol invasion
9660:Crown of Aragon
9552:
9492:
9488:Iron Age Europe
9459:
9454:
9424:
9419:
9408:
9374:Civil war of 69
9362:Boudican revolt
9331:
9324:
9200:Cantabrian Wars
9138:Macedonian Wars
9045:
9038:
9033:
9003:
8998:
8987:
8903:Macedonian Wars
8896:
8823:
8797:
8784:Theban hegemony
8714:
8671:
8666:
8636:
8631:
8493:
8491:
8485:
8375:
8211:AĂ«tius of Amida
8192:
8178:Verrius Flaccus
8158:Valerius Antias
8118:Silius Italicus
8053:Pliny the Elder
7998:Marcus Aurelius
7873:Cornelius Nepos
7823:Aurelius Victor
7777:
7699:
7611:
7545:Secessio plebis
7516:
7391:
7343:
7217:
7171:
7101:
6983:
6935:
6851:
6772:
6733:
6715:
6709:
6679:
6674:
6632:
6587:
6564:
6427:
6421:
6304:
6295:
6287:
6258:Melaina Korkyra
6214:
6136:
6093:
6046:Aeolian Islands
6036:
5898:
5756:
5737:
5736:
5710:
5667:
5578:
5520:
5471:
5425:
5376:
5298:
5289:Wedding customs
5171:
5170:
5139:
5130:Thracian Greeks
5113:
5104:Olympic victors
5082:
4924:
4811:
4755:
4746:Kings of Sparta
4731:Kings of Pontus
4701:Kings of Athens
4677:
4664:
4643:
4539:Army of Macedon
4499:
4476:
4448:
4405:
4353:
4326:(370–c. 230 BC)
4324:Arcadian League
4308:(c. 400–188 BC)
4306:Aetolian League
4300:Boeotian League
4282:Hellenic League
4269:
4256:
4246:(c. 650–404 BC)
4237:
4231:Italiote League
4224:
4220:
4214:Doric Hexapolis
4204:
4195:
4191:Seleucid Empire
4134:
4027:
4026:
3990:
3897:
3873:Greek Dark Ages
3842:
3841:
3818:
3805:
3800:
3770:
3765:
3732:
3699:
3643:
3637:
3593:
3592:
3591:
3571:
3570:
3566:
3559:
3554:
3438:
3436:Further reading
3433:
3415:
3410:
3400:
3398:
3383:
3379:
3359:Wayback Machine
3344:
3337:
3330:
3314:
3310:
3304:
3300:
3294:
3290:
3283:
3269:
3265:
3258:
3240:
3236:
3229:
3215:
3211:
3205:Wayback Machine
3196:
3192:
3185:
3169:
3165:
3149:
3145:
3135:
3133:
3124:
3123:
3119:
3113:
3109:
3104:
3100:
3087:
3086:
3082:
3072:
3070:
3062:
3061:
3057:
3047:
3045:
3036:
3035:
3031:
3021:
3019:
3011:
3010:
3006:
2996:Allert de Lange
2986:
2982:
2970:
2966:
2918:
2914:
2905:
2901:
2894:
2884:Pen & Sword
2876:
2872:
2865:
2855:Pen & Sword
2847:
2843:
2836:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2793:
2756:
2752:
2747:
2743:
2738:
2659:
2654:
2652:
2645:
2640:
2638:
2631:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2544:
2539:
2509:
2503:
2413:has many large
2403:Greek mythology
2329:Edgar Allan Poe
2293:
2285:Main articles:
2283:
2281:Cultural legacy
2271:Arc de Triomphe
2193:Catholic Church
2114:
2092:
2005:Arabs conquered
1986:first in 674–78
1923:Germanic tribes
1900:
1888:Main articles:
1867:
1736:
1730:
1702:Macedonian Wars
1649:
1643:
1628:Aristotelianism
1566:
1560:
1505:Theban hegemony
1385:in 431 BC.
1375:
1369:
1341:Servius Tullius
1295:
1289:
1257:
1252:
1251:
1239:
1205:Greek Dark Ages
1167:
1159:
1124:geometric style
1093:Greek Dark Ages
1089:
1083:
1023:
1011:Main articles:
993:
969:protohistorical
957:
955:Iron Age Europe
951:
946:
945:
944:
941:
940:
938:
926:
917:
864:Edgar Allan Poe
778:
747:
741:
736:
735:
730:
690:
689:
680:
666:
647:
628:
627:
608:
598:
597:
596:
580:
566:
557:
543:
529:
528:
518:
508:
507:
506:
497:
483:
464:
445:
444:
425:
405:
395:
394:
393:
374:
355:
354:
340:
328:
320:
297:
286:
261:
86:
85:
84:
83:
82:
75:
66:
65:
64:
57:
44:
37:
32:Classical World
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
11266:
11256:
11255:
11250:
11245:
11240:
11223:
11222:
11220:
11219:
11217:Westernization
11214:
11209:
11204:
11199:
11197:Visegrád Group
11194:
11189:
11184:
11179:
11174:
11169:
11164:
11159:
11154:
11149:
11144:
11139:
11137:Nordic Council
11134:
11129:
11124:
11119:
11114:
11109:
11104:
11099:
11094:
11089:
11084:
11079:
11074:
11069:
11064:
11059:
11054:
11049:
11044:
11039:
11034:
11032:Bucharest Nine
11029:
11024:
11019:
11014:
11009:
11004:
10999:
10997:Arctic Council
10994:
10989:
10984:
10979:
10974:
10968:
10966:
10960:
10959:
10957:
10956:
10951:
10946:
10945:
10944:
10939:
10934:
10929:
10924:
10919:
10909:
10904:
10903:
10902:
10892:
10886:
10884:
10878:
10877:
10875:
10874:
10869:
10864:
10863:
10862:
10857:
10852:
10847:
10842:
10841:
10840:
10835:
10830:
10825:
10815:
10810:
10805:
10795:
10794:
10793:
10792:
10791:
10781:
10780:
10779:
10774:
10773:
10772:
10762:
10761:
10760:
10750:
10749:
10748:
10723:
10721:
10715:
10714:
10712:
10711:
10710:
10709:
10699:
10694:
10689:
10688:
10687:
10675:
10674:
10673:
10663:
10658:
10653:
10648:
10643:
10638:
10633:
10632:
10631:
10626:
10616:
10615:
10614:
10607:Existentialism
10604:
10599:
10594:
10589:
10584:
10579:
10574:
10569:
10564:
10558:
10556:
10550:
10549:
10547:
10546:
10545:
10544:
10539:
10534:
10529:
10519:
10518:
10517:
10507:
10506:
10505:
10500:
10490:
10489:
10488:
10478:
10473:
10472:
10471:
10466:
10461:
10451:
10450:
10449:
10439:
10438:
10437:
10427:
10426:
10425:
10420:
10410:
10405:
10400:
10395:
10394:
10393:
10383:
10378:
10377:
10376:
10366:
10365:
10364:
10354:
10353:
10352:
10342:
10337:
10336:
10335:
10325:
10320:
10319:
10318:
10313:
10308:
10297:
10295:
10289:
10288:
10286:
10285:
10284:
10283:
10278:
10268:
10267:
10266:
10261:
10256:
10251:
10246:
10241:
10236:
10231:
10226:
10221:
10216:
10211:
10206:
10201:
10196:
10191:
10186:
10181:
10171:
10166:
10165:
10164:
10159:
10154:
10144:
10143:
10142:
10140:Late antiquity
10132:
10126:
10124:
10118:
10117:
10115:
10114:
10109:
10104:
10099:
10094:
10093:
10092:
10091:
10090:
10085:
10075:
10070:
10065:
10055:
10050:
10044:
10042:
10038:
10037:
10026:
10025:
10018:
10011:
10003:
9994:
9993:
9991:
9990:
9985:
9980:
9975:
9970:
9965:
9960:
9955:
9950:
9945:
9939:
9937:
9933:
9932:
9930:
9929:
9924:
9919:
9914:
9909:
9904:
9899:
9894:
9889:
9884:
9879:
9874:
9869:
9864:
9859:
9854:
9849:
9847:Russian Empire
9844:
9839:
9837:British Empire
9834:
9832:Dutch Republic
9829:
9827:Swedish Empire
9824:
9819:
9814:
9809:
9807:Spanish Empire
9804:
9799:
9797:Ottoman Empire
9794:
9789:
9784:
9779:
9774:
9769:
9768:
9767:
9757:
9752:
9746:
9744:
9738:
9737:
9735:
9734:
9729:
9724:
9719:
9714:
9712:Serbian Empire
9709:
9704:
9699:
9694:
9689:
9684:
9679:
9657:
9652:
9647:
9646:
9645:
9640:
9635:
9630:
9620:
9619:
9618:
9613:
9605:
9600:
9595:
9590:
9585:
9584:
9583:
9573:
9568:
9562:
9560:
9554:
9553:
9551:
9550:
9548:Late antiquity
9545:
9540:
9535:
9534:
9533:
9523:
9518:
9513:
9511:Roman Republic
9508:
9502:
9500:
9494:
9493:
9491:
9490:
9485:
9480:
9475:
9469:
9467:
9461:
9460:
9453:
9452:
9445:
9438:
9430:
9421:
9420:
9413:
9410:
9409:
9407:
9406:
9401:
9396:
9391:
9386:
9381:
9376:
9371:
9366:
9365:
9364:
9354:
9353:
9352:
9347:
9336:
9334:
9326:
9325:
9323:
9322:
9317:
9312:
9309:Bellum Siculum
9305:
9300:
9295:
9290:
9285:
9280:
9275:
9274:
9273:
9268:
9263:
9253:
9248:
9241:
9240:
9239:
9234:
9229:
9219:
9214:
9212:Jugurthine War
9209:
9204:
9203:
9202:
9197:
9192:
9187:
9185:Lusitanian War
9182:
9172:
9167:
9162:
9161:
9160:
9155:
9150:
9145:
9135:
9130:
9129:
9128:
9123:
9118:
9108:
9103:
9102:
9101:
9096:
9091:
9086:
9081:
9076:
9071:
9066:
9061:
9050:
9048:
9046:Roman Republic
9040:
9039:
9032:
9031:
9024:
9017:
9009:
9000:
8999:
8992:
8989:
8988:
8986:
8985:
8980:
8962:
8957:
8952:
8947:
8942:
8937:
8932:
8927:
8922:
8900:
8892:
8887:
8885:Cleomenean War
8882:
8877:
8872:
8867:
8862:
8857:
8852:
8847:
8839:
8833:
8831:
8825:
8824:
8822:
8821:
8816:
8811:
8806:
8801:
8793:
8792:
8791:
8780:
8775:
8773:Corinthian War
8770:
8768:Phyle Campaign
8765:
8760:
8755:
8750:
8745:
8740:
8735:
8730:
8724:
8722:
8716:
8715:
8713:
8712:
8707:
8702:
8697:
8692:
8687:
8681:
8679:
8673:
8672:
8665:
8664:
8657:
8650:
8642:
8633:
8632:
8630:
8629:
8624:
8619:
8614:
8609:
8604:
8599:
8594:
8589:
8584:
8579:
8574:
8569:
8564:
8559:
8554:
8549:
8544:
8539:
8534:
8529:
8524:
8519:
8514:
8509:
8504:
8498:
8496:
8487:
8486:
8484:
8483:
8478:
8473:
8468:
8463:
8458:
8453:
8448:
8443:
8438:
8433:
8428:
8423:
8418:
8413:
8408:
8403:
8398:
8393:
8387:
8385:
8381:
8380:
8377:
8376:
8374:
8373:
8368:
8363:
8358:
8353:
8348:
8343:
8338:
8333:
8328:
8323:
8318:
8313:
8308:
8303:
8298:
8293:
8288:
8283:
8278:
8273:
8268:
8263:
8258:
8253:
8248:
8243:
8238:
8233:
8228:
8223:
8218:
8213:
8208:
8202:
8200:
8194:
8193:
8191:
8190:
8185:
8180:
8175:
8170:
8165:
8160:
8155:
8150:
8145:
8140:
8135:
8130:
8125:
8120:
8115:
8110:
8105:
8100:
8095:
8090:
8085:
8080:
8075:
8070:
8065:
8063:Pomponius Mela
8060:
8055:
8050:
8045:
8040:
8035:
8030:
8025:
8020:
8015:
8010:
8005:
8000:
7995:
7990:
7985:
7980:
7975:
7970:
7965:
7960:
7955:
7950:
7945:
7940:
7935:
7930:
7925:
7920:
7915:
7910:
7905:
7900:
7895:
7890:
7885:
7880:
7875:
7870:
7865:
7860:
7855:
7850:
7845:
7840:
7835:
7830:
7825:
7820:
7815:
7810:
7805:
7800:
7798:Aelius Donatus
7794:
7792:
7783:
7779:
7778:
7776:
7775:
7770:
7769:
7768:
7766:Ecclesiastical
7763:
7758:
7753:
7748:
7743:
7738:
7733:
7728:
7720:
7715:
7709:
7707:
7701:
7700:
7698:
7697:
7692:
7687:
7682:
7677:
7672:
7667:
7662:
7657:
7652:
7647:
7642:
7637:
7632:
7627:
7621:
7619:
7613:
7612:
7610:
7609:
7604:
7599:
7594:
7589:
7584:
7579:
7574:
7569:
7568:
7567:
7557:
7552:
7547:
7542:
7537:
7532:
7526:
7524:
7518:
7517:
7515:
7514:
7509:
7507:Toys and games
7504:
7499:
7494:
7489:
7484:
7479:
7478:
7477:
7467:
7462:
7457:
7452:
7447:
7442:
7437:
7432:
7427:
7422:
7417:
7412:
7407:
7401:
7399:
7393:
7392:
7390:
7389:
7384:
7379:
7374:
7369:
7364:
7359:
7353:
7351:
7345:
7344:
7342:
7341:
7336:
7331:
7326:
7321:
7320:
7319:
7314:
7309:
7304:
7299:
7289:
7284:
7283:
7282:
7272:
7267:
7262:
7257:
7252:
7247:
7242:
7237:
7231:
7229:
7223:
7222:
7219:
7218:
7216:
7215:
7210:
7205:
7200:
7195:
7190:
7185:
7179:
7177:
7173:
7172:
7170:
7169:
7164:
7159:
7154:
7149:
7144:
7139:
7134:
7129:
7124:
7118:
7116:
7109:
7103:
7102:
7100:
7099:
7094:
7089:
7084:
7079:
7074:
7069:
7064:
7059:
7054:
7049:
7047:Vigintisexviri
7044:
7039:
7034:
7029:
7024:
7019:
7014:
7009:
7007:Cursus honorum
7004:
6999:
6993:
6991:
6985:
6984:
6982:
6981:
6976:
6971:
6966:
6961:
6956:
6951:
6945:
6943:
6937:
6936:
6934:
6933:
6928:
6923:
6922:
6921:
6916:
6911:
6906:
6896:
6891:
6886:
6881:
6876:
6871:
6865:
6863:
6857:
6856:
6853:
6852:
6850:
6849:
6848:
6847:
6837:
6836:
6835:
6830:
6820:
6819:
6818:
6813:
6806:Western Empire
6803:
6798:
6793:
6788:
6782:
6780:
6774:
6773:
6771:
6770:
6765:
6764:
6763:
6753:
6747:
6741:
6735:
6734:
6732:
6731:
6726:
6720:
6717:
6716:
6708:
6707:
6700:
6693:
6685:
6676:
6675:
6673:
6672:
6662:
6652:
6641:
6638:
6637:
6634:
6633:
6631:
6630:
6625:
6620:
6615:
6610:
6605:
6604:
6603:
6592:
6589:
6588:
6578:
6577:
6574:
6573:
6570:
6569:
6566:
6565:
6563:
6562:
6557:
6552:
6547:
6542:
6537:
6532:
6527:
6522:
6517:
6512:
6507:
6502:
6497:
6492:
6487:
6482:
6477:
6472:
6467:
6462:
6457:
6452:
6447:
6442:
6437:
6431:
6429:
6423:
6422:
6420:
6419:
6414:
6409:
6404:
6399:
6394:
6389:
6384:
6379:
6374:
6369:
6364:
6359:
6354:
6349:
6344:
6339:
6334:
6329:
6324:
6319:
6314:
6308:
6306:
6297:
6289:
6288:
6286:
6285:
6280:
6275:
6270:
6265:
6260:
6255:
6250:
6245:
6240:
6235:
6230:
6224:
6222:
6216:
6215:
6213:
6212:
6207:
6202:
6197:
6192:
6187:
6182:
6177:
6172:
6167:
6162:
6157:
6152:
6146:
6144:
6138:
6137:
6135:
6134:
6129:
6119:
6114:
6109:
6103:
6101:
6095:
6094:
6092:
6091:
6086:
6081:
6076:
6071:
6066:
6061:
6056:
6050:
6048:
6042:
6041:
6038:
6037:
6035:
6034:
6029:
6024:
6019:
6014:
6009:
6004:
5999:
5994:
5992:Megara Hyblaea
5989:
5984:
5979:
5974:
5972:Hybla Gereatis
5969:
5964:
5962:Heraclea Minoa
5959:
5954:
5949:
5944:
5939:
5934:
5929:
5924:
5919:
5914:
5908:
5906:
5900:
5899:
5897:
5896:
5891:
5886:
5881:
5876:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5856:
5851:
5846:
5841:
5836:
5831:
5826:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5786:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5760:
5758:
5749:
5739:
5738:
5735:
5734:
5728:
5720:
5719:
5716:
5715:
5712:
5711:
5709:
5708:
5706:Attic numerals
5703:
5701:Greek numerals
5698:
5696:Greek alphabet
5693:
5688:
5683:
5677:
5675:
5669:
5668:
5666:
5665:
5660:
5659:
5658:
5653:
5648:
5643:
5638:
5633:
5628:
5623:
5618:
5608:
5603:
5598:
5592:
5590:
5584:
5583:
5580:
5579:
5577:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5556:
5551:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5530:
5528:
5522:
5521:
5519:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5493:
5487:
5481:
5477:
5476:
5473:
5472:
5470:
5469:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5449:
5444:
5439:
5433:
5431:
5427:
5426:
5424:
5423:
5418:
5413:
5408:
5407:
5406:
5396:
5390:
5384:
5378:
5377:
5375:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5353:
5352:
5350:Musical system
5342:
5337:
5332:
5327:
5322:
5321:
5320:
5309:
5307:
5300:
5299:
5297:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5276:
5271:
5266:
5261:
5256:
5251:
5246:
5241:
5236:
5231:
5226:
5221:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5185:
5183:
5173:
5172:
5169:
5168:
5163:
5157:
5149:
5148:
5145:
5144:
5141:
5140:
5138:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5121:
5119:
5115:
5114:
5112:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5090:
5088:
5084:
5083:
5081:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5065:
5060:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5035:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4940:
4934:
4932:
4926:
4925:
4923:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4907:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4882:
4877:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4821:
4819:
4813:
4812:
4810:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4784:
4782:Mathematicians
4779:
4774:
4769:
4763:
4761:
4757:
4756:
4754:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4691:Kings of Argos
4687:
4685:
4679:
4678:
4666:
4665:
4653:
4652:
4649:
4648:
4645:
4644:
4642:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4549:Cretan archers
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4530:
4529:
4519:
4513:
4511:
4505:
4504:
4501:
4500:
4498:
4497:
4492:
4486:
4484:
4478:
4477:
4475:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4458:
4456:
4450:
4449:
4447:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4415:
4413:
4407:
4406:
4404:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4367:
4361:
4355:
4354:
4352:
4351:
4348:Achaean League
4345:
4342:Euboean League
4339:
4333:
4330:Epirote League
4327:
4321:
4315:
4309:
4303:
4297:
4291:
4285:
4279:
4278:(c. 500–31 BC)
4273:
4260:
4247:
4241:
4228:
4210:
4208:
4206:Confederations
4197:
4196:
4194:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4142:
4140:
4136:
4135:
4133:
4132:
4130:Lissus (Crete)
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4041:
4039:
4029:
4028:
4025:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4008:
4000:
3999:
3996:
3995:
3992:
3991:
3989:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3907:
3905:
3899:
3898:
3896:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3878:Archaic Greece
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3854:
3852:
3844:
3843:
3840:
3839:
3834:
3828:
3820:
3819:
3817:
3816:
3810:
3807:
3806:
3803:Ancient Greece
3799:
3798:
3791:
3784:
3776:
3767:
3766:
3764:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3742:
3740:
3734:
3733:
3731:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3709:
3707:
3701:
3700:
3698:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3651:
3649:
3645:
3644:
3636:
3635:
3628:
3621:
3613:
3607:
3606:
3590:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3573:
3572:
3561:
3560:
3558:
3557:External links
3555:
3553:
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3538:
3531:
3524:
3517:
3510:
3503:
3496:
3489:
3482:
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3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3431:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3408:
3385:Blair, Peter.
3377:
3335:
3328:
3308:
3306:Roman Empire.)
3298:
3288:
3281:
3263:
3256:
3234:
3228:978-0500051214
3227:
3209:
3190:
3184:978-0195123326
3183:
3163:
3143:
3117:
3107:
3098:
3093:British Museum
3080:
3055:
3029:
3004:
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2633:History portal
2620:
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2549:
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2537:
2530:
2523:
2515:
2502:
2499:
2491:Isadora Duncan
2430:Thomas Aquinas
2411:Washington, DC
2407:Greek Revivals
2395:Arthur Rimbaud
2282:
2279:
2091:
2088:
2056:Constantinople
2045:Constantinople
1994:Pirenne Thesis
1955:Church Fathers
1925:finalized the
1908:Late antiquity
1890:Late antiquity
1866:
1863:
1776:Cisalpine Gaul
1766:Rome acquired
1748:Julio-Claudian
1732:Main article:
1729:
1726:
1647:Roman Republic
1645:Main article:
1642:
1639:
1635:Roman Republic
1562:Main article:
1559:
1556:
1540:Persian Empire
1516:Philip II
1489:Corinthian War
1371:Main article:
1368:
1365:
1291:Main article:
1288:
1285:
1256:
1255:Iron Age Italy
1253:
1183:Archaic Greeks
1168:
1160:
1158:
1157:Greek colonies
1155:
1087:Archaic Greece
1085:Main article:
1082:
1079:
1005:Greek colonies
992:
989:
950:
947:
942:
927:
920:
919:
918:
916:
913:
907:, and various
825:ancient Greece
809:ancient Greece
780:
779:
777:
776:
769:
762:
754:
751:
750:
738:
737:
732:
731:
729:
728:
723:
718:
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706:
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679:
678:
673:
671:Southeast Asia
667:
665:
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571:Southeast Asia
567:
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488:Southeast Asia
484:
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457:
452:
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440:Late antiquity
437:
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406:
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397:
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392:
391:
386:
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362:
356:
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322:
321:
316:
315:
312:
311:
283:
282:
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263:
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15:
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11163:
11162:PROSUR/PROSUL
11160:
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11083:
11080:
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11073:
11070:
11068:
11065:
11063:
11060:
11058:
11057:Craiova Group
11055:
11053:
11050:
11048:
11045:
11043:
11040:
11038:
11035:
11033:
11030:
11028:
11025:
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11020:
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11008:
11005:
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10998:
10995:
10993:
10990:
10988:
10985:
10983:
10980:
10978:
10975:
10973:
10972:ABCANZ Armies
10970:
10969:
10967:
10961:
10955:
10952:
10950:
10947:
10943:
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10905:
10901:
10898:
10897:
10896:
10893:
10891:
10888:
10887:
10885:
10883:
10879:
10873:
10870:
10868:
10865:
10861:
10858:
10856:
10853:
10851:
10848:
10846:
10843:
10839:
10836:
10834:
10831:
10829:
10826:
10824:
10821:
10820:
10819:
10816:
10814:
10811:
10809:
10806:
10804:
10801:
10800:
10799:
10796:
10790:
10787:
10786:
10785:
10782:
10778:
10777:Protestantism
10775:
10771:
10768:
10767:
10766:
10763:
10759:
10756:
10755:
10754:
10751:
10747:
10743:
10740:
10739:
10738:
10735:
10734:
10733:
10730:
10729:
10728:
10725:
10724:
10722:
10720:
10716:
10708:
10705:
10704:
10703:
10700:
10698:
10697:Sovereigntism
10695:
10693:
10690:
10686:
10685:
10681:
10680:
10679:
10676:
10672:
10669:
10668:
10667:
10664:
10662:
10659:
10657:
10654:
10652:
10649:
10647:
10644:
10642:
10639:
10637:
10634:
10630:
10627:
10625:
10622:
10621:
10620:
10617:
10613:
10610:
10609:
10608:
10605:
10603:
10600:
10598:
10595:
10593:
10592:Scholasticism
10590:
10588:
10585:
10583:
10580:
10578:
10575:
10573:
10570:
10568:
10565:
10563:
10560:
10559:
10557:
10555:
10551:
10543:
10540:
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10535:
10533:
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10528:
10525:
10524:
10523:
10520:
10516:
10513:
10512:
10511:
10508:
10504:
10501:
10499:
10496:
10495:
10494:
10491:
10487:
10484:
10483:
10482:
10479:
10477:
10474:
10470:
10467:
10465:
10462:
10460:
10457:
10456:
10455:
10452:
10448:
10445:
10444:
10443:
10440:
10436:
10433:
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10428:
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10379:
10375:
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10363:
10360:
10359:
10358:
10355:
10351:
10348:
10347:
10346:
10343:
10341:
10338:
10334:
10331:
10330:
10329:
10326:
10324:
10321:
10317:
10314:
10312:
10309:
10307:
10304:
10303:
10302:
10299:
10298:
10296:
10294:
10290:
10282:
10281:War on terror
10279:
10277:
10274:
10273:
10272:
10269:
10265:
10262:
10260:
10257:
10255:
10252:
10250:
10247:
10245:
10242:
10240:
10237:
10235:
10232:
10230:
10227:
10225:
10222:
10220:
10217:
10215:
10212:
10210:
10207:
10205:
10202:
10200:
10197:
10195:
10192:
10190:
10187:
10185:
10182:
10180:
10177:
10176:
10175:
10174:Modern period
10172:
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10079:
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10064:
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10060:
10059:
10056:
10054:
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10049:
10046:
10045:
10043:
10039:
10035:
10031:
10030:Western world
10024:
10019:
10017:
10012:
10010:
10005:
10004:
10001:
9989:
9986:
9984:
9981:
9979:
9976:
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9971:
9969:
9966:
9964:
9961:
9959:
9956:
9954:
9951:
9949:
9946:
9944:
9943:Art of Europe
9941:
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9938:
9934:
9928:
9925:
9923:
9920:
9918:
9915:
9913:
9910:
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9898:
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9893:
9890:
9888:
9885:
9883:
9880:
9878:
9875:
9873:
9870:
9868:
9865:
9863:
9860:
9858:
9855:
9853:
9850:
9848:
9845:
9843:
9840:
9838:
9835:
9833:
9830:
9828:
9825:
9823:
9820:
9818:
9815:
9813:
9810:
9808:
9805:
9803:
9800:
9798:
9795:
9793:
9790:
9788:
9785:
9783:
9780:
9778:
9775:
9773:
9770:
9766:
9763:
9762:
9761:
9758:
9756:
9753:
9751:
9748:
9747:
9745:
9743:
9742:Modern period
9739:
9733:
9730:
9728:
9725:
9723:
9720:
9718:
9715:
9713:
9710:
9708:
9705:
9703:
9700:
9698:
9695:
9693:
9690:
9688:
9685:
9683:
9680:
9677:
9673:
9669:
9665:
9661:
9658:
9656:
9653:
9651:
9648:
9644:
9641:
9639:
9636:
9634:
9631:
9629:
9626:
9625:
9624:
9621:
9617:
9614:
9612:
9609:
9608:
9606:
9604:
9601:
9599:
9596:
9594:
9591:
9589:
9586:
9582:
9579:
9578:
9577:
9574:
9572:
9569:
9567:
9564:
9563:
9561:
9559:
9555:
9549:
9546:
9544:
9541:
9539:
9536:
9532:
9529:
9528:
9527:
9524:
9522:
9519:
9517:
9514:
9512:
9509:
9507:
9504:
9503:
9501:
9499:
9495:
9489:
9486:
9484:
9481:
9479:
9476:
9474:
9471:
9470:
9468:
9466:
9462:
9458:
9451:
9446:
9444:
9439:
9437:
9432:
9431:
9428:
9418:
9417:
9411:
9405:
9402:
9400:
9397:
9395:
9392:
9390:
9387:
9385:
9382:
9380:
9377:
9375:
9372:
9370:
9367:
9363:
9360:
9359:
9358:
9355:
9351:
9348:
9346:
9343:
9342:
9341:
9340:Germanic wars
9338:
9337:
9335:
9333:
9327:
9321:
9320:War of Actium
9318:
9316:
9313:
9311:
9310:
9306:
9304:
9301:
9299:
9298:War of Mutina
9296:
9294:
9291:
9289:
9286:
9284:
9281:
9279:
9276:
9272:
9269:
9267:
9264:
9262:
9259:
9258:
9257:
9254:
9252:
9249:
9247:
9246:
9242:
9238:
9235:
9233:
9230:
9228:
9225:
9224:
9223:
9220:
9218:
9215:
9213:
9210:
9208:
9205:
9201:
9198:
9196:
9195:Sertorian War
9193:
9191:
9190:Numantine War
9188:
9186:
9183:
9181:
9178:
9177:
9176:
9173:
9171:
9168:
9166:
9163:
9159:
9156:
9154:
9151:
9149:
9146:
9144:
9141:
9140:
9139:
9136:
9134:
9131:
9127:
9124:
9122:
9119:
9117:
9114:
9113:
9112:
9109:
9107:
9104:
9100:
9097:
9095:
9092:
9090:
9087:
9085:
9082:
9080:
9077:
9075:
9072:
9070:
9067:
9065:
9062:
9060:
9057:
9056:
9055:
9052:
9051:
9049:
9047:
9041:
9037:
9030:
9025:
9023:
9018:
9016:
9011:
9010:
9007:
8997:
8996:
8990:
8984:
8983:War of Actium
8981:
8978:
8974:
8970:
8966:
8963:
8961:
8958:
8956:
8953:
8951:
8948:
8946:
8943:
8941:
8938:
8936:
8933:
8931:
8928:
8926:
8923:
8920:
8916:
8912:
8908:
8904:
8901:
8899:
8893:
8891:
8888:
8886:
8883:
8881:
8878:
8876:
8873:
8871:
8868:
8866:
8863:
8861:
8858:
8856:
8853:
8851:
8848:
8846:
8845:
8840:
8838:
8835:
8834:
8832:
8830:
8826:
8820:
8817:
8815:
8812:
8810:
8807:
8805:
8802:
8800:
8794:
8790:
8787:
8786:
8785:
8781:
8779:
8776:
8774:
8771:
8769:
8766:
8764:
8761:
8759:
8756:
8754:
8751:
8749:
8746:
8744:
8741:
8739:
8736:
8734:
8733:Aeginetan War
8731:
8729:
8726:
8725:
8723:
8721:
8717:
8711:
8710:Sicilian Wars
8708:
8706:
8703:
8701:
8698:
8696:
8693:
8691:
8690:Lelantine War
8688:
8686:
8683:
8682:
8680:
8678:
8674:
8670:
8663:
8658:
8656:
8651:
8649:
8644:
8643:
8640:
8628:
8625:
8623:
8620:
8618:
8615:
8613:
8610:
8608:
8605:
8603:
8600:
8598:
8595:
8593:
8590:
8588:
8585:
8583:
8580:
8578:
8575:
8573:
8570:
8568:
8565:
8563:
8560:
8558:
8555:
8553:
8550:
8548:
8545:
8543:
8540:
8538:
8535:
8533:
8530:
8528:
8525:
8523:
8520:
8518:
8515:
8513:
8510:
8508:
8505:
8503:
8500:
8499:
8497:
8488:
8482:
8479:
8477:
8474:
8472:
8469:
8467:
8464:
8462:
8459:
8457:
8454:
8452:
8449:
8447:
8444:
8442:
8439:
8437:
8434:
8432:
8429:
8427:
8424:
8422:
8419:
8417:
8414:
8412:
8409:
8407:
8404:
8402:
8399:
8397:
8394:
8392:
8389:
8388:
8386:
8382:
8372:
8369:
8367:
8364:
8362:
8359:
8357:
8354:
8352:
8349:
8347:
8344:
8342:
8339:
8337:
8334:
8332:
8329:
8327:
8324:
8322:
8319:
8317:
8314:
8312:
8309:
8307:
8304:
8302:
8299:
8297:
8294:
8292:
8289:
8287:
8284:
8282:
8279:
8277:
8274:
8272:
8269:
8267:
8264:
8262:
8259:
8257:
8254:
8252:
8249:
8247:
8244:
8242:
8239:
8237:
8234:
8232:
8229:
8227:
8224:
8222:
8219:
8217:
8214:
8212:
8209:
8207:
8204:
8203:
8201:
8199:
8195:
8189:
8186:
8184:
8181:
8179:
8176:
8174:
8171:
8169:
8166:
8164:
8161:
8159:
8156:
8154:
8151:
8149:
8146:
8144:
8141:
8139:
8136:
8134:
8131:
8129:
8126:
8124:
8121:
8119:
8116:
8114:
8111:
8109:
8106:
8104:
8101:
8099:
8096:
8094:
8091:
8089:
8086:
8084:
8081:
8079:
8076:
8074:
8071:
8069:
8066:
8064:
8061:
8059:
8056:
8054:
8051:
8049:
8046:
8044:
8041:
8039:
8036:
8034:
8031:
8029:
8026:
8024:
8021:
8019:
8016:
8014:
8011:
8009:
8006:
8004:
8001:
7999:
7996:
7994:
7991:
7989:
7986:
7984:
7981:
7979:
7976:
7974:
7971:
7969:
7966:
7964:
7961:
7959:
7956:
7954:
7953:Julius Paulus
7951:
7949:
7946:
7944:
7941:
7939:
7936:
7934:
7931:
7929:
7926:
7924:
7921:
7919:
7916:
7914:
7911:
7909:
7906:
7904:
7901:
7899:
7896:
7894:
7891:
7889:
7888:Fabius Pictor
7886:
7884:
7881:
7879:
7876:
7874:
7871:
7869:
7866:
7864:
7861:
7859:
7856:
7854:
7851:
7849:
7846:
7844:
7841:
7839:
7836:
7834:
7831:
7829:
7826:
7824:
7821:
7819:
7816:
7814:
7811:
7809:
7806:
7804:
7801:
7799:
7796:
7795:
7793:
7791:
7787:
7784:
7780:
7774:
7771:
7767:
7764:
7762:
7759:
7757:
7754:
7752:
7749:
7747:
7744:
7742:
7739:
7737:
7734:
7732:
7729:
7727:
7724:
7723:
7721:
7719:
7716:
7714:
7711:
7710:
7708:
7706:
7702:
7696:
7693:
7691:
7688:
7686:
7683:
7681:
7678:
7676:
7673:
7671:
7668:
7666:
7663:
7661:
7658:
7656:
7653:
7651:
7648:
7646:
7643:
7641:
7638:
7636:
7633:
7631:
7628:
7626:
7625:Amphitheatres
7623:
7622:
7620:
7618:
7614:
7608:
7605:
7603:
7600:
7598:
7595:
7593:
7590:
7588:
7585:
7583:
7580:
7578:
7575:
7573:
7570:
7566:
7563:
7562:
7561:
7558:
7556:
7553:
7551:
7548:
7546:
7543:
7541:
7538:
7536:
7533:
7531:
7528:
7527:
7525:
7523:
7519:
7513:
7510:
7508:
7505:
7503:
7500:
7498:
7495:
7493:
7490:
7488:
7485:
7483:
7480:
7476:
7473:
7472:
7471:
7468:
7466:
7463:
7461:
7458:
7456:
7453:
7451:
7448:
7446:
7443:
7441:
7438:
7436:
7433:
7431:
7428:
7426:
7423:
7421:
7418:
7416:
7413:
7411:
7408:
7406:
7403:
7402:
7400:
7398:
7394:
7388:
7385:
7383:
7380:
7378:
7375:
7373:
7370:
7368:
7365:
7363:
7362:Deforestation
7360:
7358:
7355:
7354:
7352:
7350:
7346:
7340:
7337:
7335:
7332:
7330:
7327:
7325:
7322:
7318:
7315:
7313:
7312:Siege engines
7310:
7308:
7305:
7303:
7300:
7298:
7295:
7294:
7293:
7290:
7288:
7285:
7281:
7278:
7277:
7276:
7273:
7271:
7268:
7266:
7263:
7261:
7258:
7256:
7253:
7251:
7248:
7246:
7245:Establishment
7243:
7241:
7238:
7236:
7233:
7232:
7230:
7228:
7224:
7214:
7211:
7209:
7206:
7204:
7201:
7199:
7196:
7194:
7191:
7189:
7186:
7184:
7181:
7180:
7178:
7176:Extraordinary
7174:
7168:
7165:
7163:
7162:Promagistrate
7160:
7158:
7155:
7153:
7150:
7148:
7145:
7143:
7140:
7138:
7135:
7133:
7130:
7128:
7125:
7123:
7120:
7119:
7117:
7113:
7110:
7108:
7104:
7098:
7095:
7093:
7090:
7088:
7085:
7083:
7080:
7078:
7075:
7073:
7070:
7068:
7065:
7063:
7060:
7058:
7055:
7053:
7050:
7048:
7045:
7043:
7040:
7038:
7035:
7033:
7030:
7028:
7025:
7023:
7020:
7018:
7015:
7013:
7010:
7008:
7005:
7003:
7000:
6998:
6995:
6994:
6992:
6990:
6986:
6980:
6977:
6975:
6972:
6970:
6967:
6965:
6962:
6960:
6957:
6955:
6952:
6950:
6949:Twelve Tables
6947:
6946:
6944:
6942:
6938:
6932:
6929:
6927:
6924:
6920:
6917:
6915:
6912:
6910:
6907:
6905:
6902:
6901:
6900:
6897:
6895:
6892:
6890:
6887:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6877:
6875:
6872:
6870:
6867:
6866:
6864:
6862:
6858:
6846:
6843:
6842:
6841:
6838:
6834:
6831:
6829:
6826:
6825:
6824:
6821:
6817:
6814:
6812:
6809:
6808:
6807:
6804:
6802:
6799:
6797:
6794:
6792:
6789:
6787:
6784:
6783:
6781:
6779:
6775:
6769:
6766:
6762:
6759:
6758:
6757:
6754:
6752:
6749:
6748:
6745:
6742:
6740:
6736:
6730:
6727:
6725:
6722:
6721:
6718:
6713:
6706:
6701:
6699:
6694:
6692:
6687:
6686:
6683:
6671:
6663:
6661:
6657:
6653:
6651:
6643:
6642:
6639:
6629:
6626:
6624:
6621:
6619:
6616:
6614:
6611:
6609:
6606:
6602:
6599:
6598:
6597:
6594:
6593:
6590:
6583:
6579:
6561:
6558:
6556:
6553:
6551:
6548:
6546:
6543:
6541:
6538:
6536:
6533:
6531:
6528:
6526:
6523:
6521:
6518:
6516:
6513:
6511:
6508:
6506:
6503:
6501:
6498:
6496:
6493:
6491:
6488:
6486:
6483:
6481:
6478:
6476:
6473:
6471:
6468:
6466:
6463:
6461:
6458:
6456:
6453:
6451:
6448:
6446:
6443:
6441:
6438:
6436:
6433:
6432:
6430:
6424:
6418:
6415:
6413:
6410:
6408:
6405:
6403:
6400:
6398:
6395:
6393:
6390:
6388:
6385:
6383:
6380:
6378:
6375:
6373:
6370:
6368:
6365:
6363:
6360:
6358:
6355:
6353:
6350:
6348:
6345:
6343:
6340:
6338:
6335:
6333:
6330:
6328:
6325:
6323:
6320:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6309:
6307:
6301:
6298:
6294:
6290:
6284:
6281:
6279:
6276:
6274:
6271:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6251:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6241:
6239:
6236:
6234:
6231:
6229:
6226:
6225:
6223:
6221:
6217:
6211:
6208:
6206:
6203:
6201:
6198:
6196:
6193:
6191:
6188:
6186:
6183:
6181:
6178:
6176:
6173:
6171:
6170:Hemeroscopion
6168:
6166:
6163:
6161:
6158:
6156:
6153:
6151:
6148:
6147:
6145:
6143:
6139:
6133:
6130:
6127:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6104:
6102:
6100:
6096:
6090:
6087:
6085:
6082:
6080:
6077:
6075:
6072:
6070:
6067:
6065:
6062:
6060:
6057:
6055:
6052:
6051:
6049:
6047:
6043:
6033:
6030:
6028:
6025:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6015:
6013:
6010:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5948:
5945:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5930:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5915:
5913:
5910:
5909:
5907:
5905:
5901:
5895:
5892:
5890:
5887:
5885:
5882:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5761:
5759:
5753:
5750:
5748:
5747:Magna Graecia
5744:
5740:
5733:
5730:
5729:
5725:
5721:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5678:
5676:
5674:
5670:
5664:
5661:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5639:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5629:
5627:
5624:
5622:
5621:Arcadocypriot
5619:
5617:
5614:
5613:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5604:
5602:
5599:
5597:
5594:
5593:
5591:
5589:
5585:
5575:
5574:Zeus, Olympia
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5559:Hera, Olympia
5557:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5531:
5529:
5527:
5523:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5488:
5485:
5482:
5478:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5462:Mount Olympus
5460:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5450:
5448:
5445:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5434:
5432:
5430:Sacred places
5428:
5422:
5419:
5417:
5414:
5412:
5409:
5405:
5402:
5401:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5391:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5379:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5351:
5348:
5347:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5326:
5323:
5319:
5316:
5315:
5314:
5311:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5301:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5270:
5267:
5265:
5262:
5260:
5257:
5255:
5254:Olympic Games
5252:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5244:Homosexuality
5242:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
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3346:Henri Pirenne
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3246:World History
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3044:. 1 June 2023
3043:
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1357:Marcus Brutus
1355:(ancestor to
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1345:Tarpeian Rock
1342:
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1329:
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1326:Palatine Hill
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1293:Roman Kingdom
1287:Roman kingdom
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1230:
1225:
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1206:
1202:
1198:
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1189:, across the
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1035:Mediterranean
1032:
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1022:
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1006:
1002:
997:
988:
986:
982:
978:
974:
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909:neo-classical
906:
901:
899:
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891:
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883:
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872:
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861:
857:
853:
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797:classical age
794:
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789:classical era
786:
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763:
761:
756:
755:
753:
752:
746:
740:
739:
727:
724:
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714:Postmodernity
712:
711:
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705:
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683:
682:
677:
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643:South America
641:
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638:North America
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531:
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522:
521:
517:
516:Postclassical
512:
511:
503:
500:
499:
494:
491:
489:
486:
485:
480:
477:
475:
472:
470:
467:
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460:South America
458:
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455:North America
453:
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441:
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431:
428:
427:
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389:Proto-writing
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280:Human history
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169:Neoclassicism
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73:
62:
55:
46:
42:
35:
33:
25:
23:
11207:Western Bloc
11007:AUSCANNZUKUS
10963:Contemporary
10912:Human rights
10758:Latin Church
10732:Christianity
10682:
10641:Conservatism
10486:contemporary
10323:Architecture
10259:World War II
10219:Emancipation
10214:Abolitionism
10134:
10102:Romanization
10097:Roman legacy
10078:Roman Empire
9902:World War II
9755:Early modern
9732:Kalmar Union
9603:Papal States
9521:Roman Empire
9497:
9414:
9369:Armenian War
9332:Roman Empire
9315:Perusine War
9307:
9243:
9222:Servile Wars
9217:Cimbrian War
9170:Galatian War
9089:Samnite Wars
8993:
8945:Galatian War
8935:Aetolian War
8897:(220–217 BC)
8843:
8842:Wars of the
8798:(357–355 BC)
8782:Wars of the
8778:Boeotian War
8567:Institutions
8431:Leptis Magna
8384:Major cities
8291:Philostratus
8078:Quadrigarius
7898:Rufus Festus
7761:Contemporary
7482:Romanization
7405:Architecture
7012:Collegiality
6861:Constitution
6712:Ancient Rome
6465:Dionysopolis
6435:Abonoteichos
6387:Pantikapaion
5977:Hybla Heraea
5313:Architecture
5269:Prostitution
4958:Aristophanes
4817:Philosophers
4787:Philosophers
4619:Spartan army
4350:(280–146 BC)
4338:(338–322 BC)
4332:(370–168 BC)
4320:(374–196 BC)
4314:(378–355 BC)
4296:(430–348 BC)
4290:(478–404 BC)
4284:(499–449 BC)
3971:Peloponnesus
3893:Roman Greece
3639:
3577:Online books
3567:
3548:
3541:
3534:
3527:
3520:
3513:
3506:
3499:
3492:
3485:
3478:
3471:
3464:
3457:
3450:
3443:
3399:. Retrieved
3395:the original
3390:
3380:
3370:
3350:
3318:
3311:
3301:
3291:
3272:
3266:
3245:
3237:
3218:
3212:
3193:
3173:
3166:
3150:
3146:
3134:. Retrieved
3129:
3120:
3110:
3101:
3092:
3083:
3071:. Retrieved
3067:
3058:
3046:. Retrieved
3041:
3032:
3020:. Retrieved
3016:
3007:
2999:
2991:
2983:
2975:
2967:
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2955:
2951:
2947:
2943:
2931:
2923:
2915:
2902:
2879:
2873:
2850:
2844:
2816:
2809:
2777:'s grant of
2775:Roman Senate
2759:Roman Empire
2753:
2744:
2480:
2446:Christianity
2427:
2381:
2373:architecture
2320:
2319:
2316:(1509–1511).
2311:
2256:
2251:
2248:commonwealth
2247:
2243:
2239:
2233:
2229:
2218:
2207:
2196:
2186:
2169:
2159:
2143:
2115:
2081:
2053:
2014:
1988:and then in
1959:
1947:Epicureanism
1911:Christianity
1901:
1857:
1855:
1851:Christianity
1836:
1771:
1765:
1760:
1754:
1745:
1734:Roman Empire
1686:Samnite Wars
1659:
1632:
1600:Central Asia
1581:
1567:
1542:, including
1513:
1462:
1438:Persian rule
1415:
1403:Peisistratos
1388:
1330:
1319:
1296:
1269:
1247:
1216:
1177:
1136:
1117:
1090:
1073:rule to the
1045:, Italy and
1024:
958:
902:
868:
859:
845:
837:North Africa
829:ancient Rome
813:ancient Rome
800:
799:, or simply
796:
792:
788:
784:
783:
748:
623:Contemporary
618:Early modern
501:
434:
384:Protohistory
336:Contemporary
330:
303:
302:
298:
116:
45:
31:
21:
11147:Open Balkan
10965:integration
10895:Rule of law
10890:Natural law
10867:Agnosticism
10845:Hellenistic
10823:Anglo-Saxon
10753:Catholicism
10692:Atlanticism
10597:Rationalism
10403:Immigration
10386:Esotericism
10244:World War I
10209:Romanticism
10189:Reformation
10169:Renaissance
10147:Middle Ages
10112:Christendom
10041:Foundations
9887:World War I
9877:Nationalism
9765:Reformation
9750:Renaissance
9722:Black Death
9655:Kievan Rus'
9558:Middle Ages
9330:Wars of the
9278:Gallic Wars
9207:Achaean War
9094:Pyrrhic War
9044:Wars of the
8960:Achaean War
8895:Social War
8890:Lyttian War
8865:Syrian Wars
8860:Pyrrhic War
8829:Hellenistic
8809:Foreign War
8796:Social War
8562:Geographers
8246:Dioscorides
8226:Cassius Dio
7848:Cassiodorus
7751:Renaissance
7357:Agriculture
7329:Auxiliaries
7270:Engineering
7107:Magistrates
6959:Citizenship
6954:Mos maiorum
6889:Late Empire
6613:Place names
6525:Salmydessus
6347:Kalos Limen
6327:Chersonesus
6317:Borysthenes
6022:Tauromenion
5834:Metapontion
5596:Proto-Greek
5549:Erechtheion
5544:Athena Nike
5506:Philippeion
5335:Mathematics
5306:and science
5189:Agriculture
5053:Stesichorus
4963:Bacchylides
4953:Archilochus
4840:Antisthenes
4830:Anaximander
4802:Seven Sages
4792:Playwrights
4772:Geographers
4767:Astronomers
4594:Pezhetairos
4221: 1100
4201:Federations
4100:Megalopolis
4037:City states
4012:City states
3401:18 December
2950:(...), dem
2946:(...), der
2725:Roman Dacia
2450:Hippocrates
2391:John Milton
2383:Epic poetry
2235:res publica
2221:Renaissance
2210:Charlemagne
2203:Christendom
2123:Charlemagne
2104:Renaissance
2073:Renaissance
2009:early Slavs
1979:by the new
1935:Middle Ages
1832:Mesopotamia
1761:res publica
1756:res publica
1694:Pyrrhic War
1676:, into the
1616:mathematics
1580:became the
1511:in 346 BC.
1493:Epaminondas
1322:Roman Forum
981:traditional
905:Renaissance
590:Renaissance
11232:Categories
11167:Rio Treaty
10678:Relativism
10636:Liberalism
10602:Empiricism
10554:Philosophy
10542:Secularism
10493:Philosophy
10430:Literature
10224:Capitalism
9650:Viking Age
9465:Prehistory
9350:Gothic War
9111:Punic Wars
9099:Social War
8925:Cretan War
8837:Lamian War
8758:Samian War
8451:Mediolanum
8391:Alexandria
8356:Themistius
8321:Porphyrius
8148:Tertullian
8083:Quintilian
8073:Propertius
7968:Lactantius
7918:Fulgentius
7853:Censorinus
7675:Sanitation
7660:Metallurgy
7617:Technology
7582:Demography
7530:Patricians
7497:Spectacles
7455:Literature
7450:Hairstyles
7287:Technology
7037:Praefectus
6989:Government
6979:Litigation
6964:Auctoritas
6909:Centuriate
6796:Principate
6791:Pax Romana
6751:Foundation
6515:Polemonion
6392:Phanagoria
6362:Kimmerikon
6357:Kerkinitis
6342:Hermonassa
6332:Dioscurias
6228:Aspalathos
6175:Kalathousa
6150:Akra Leuke
6079:Phoenicusa
5864:Scylletium
5849:Poseidonia
5769:Brentesion
5656:Pamphylian
5651:Macedonian
5569:Samothrace
5554:Hephaestus
5501:Long Walls
5480:Structures
5421:Underworld
5367:Technology
5330:Literature
5264:Philosophy
5229:Euergetism
5118:By culture
5063:Thucydides
4905:Pythagoras
4900:Protagoras
4890:Parmenides
4875:Heraclitus
4860:Empedocles
4850:Democritus
4835:Anaximenes
4825:Anaxagoras
4777:Historians
4270: 595
4257: 550
4238: 800
4223: – c.
4151:Cappadocia
3956:Ionian Sea
3946:Hellespont
3911:Aegean Sea
3136:21 January
2797:References
2361:literature
2353:philosophy
2287:Classicism
2263:Napoleonic
2252:parliament
2182:Third Rome
2160:After the
2108:Classicism
1847:Gnosticism
1839:Hellenized
1796:Asia Minor
1770:character
1718:Social War
1710:Asia Minor
1698:Punic Wars
1678:Principate
1674:civil wars
1670:subversion
1536:Macedonian
1248:metropolis
1218:metropolis
1105:philosophy
1001:Phoenician
961:historical
894:philosophy
850:poetry of
848:Epic Greek
721:Futurology
662:South Asia
562:South Asia
479:South Asia
416:Bronze Age
411:Copper Age
369:Common Era
344:10,000 BCE
290:Prehistory
229:Philosophy
101:Classicism
11112:Five Eyes
11107:EU–UK TCA
10949:Democracy
10838:Old Norse
10727:Abrahamic
10684:Peritrope
10666:Tolerance
10646:Socialism
10476:Mythology
10464:Classical
10413:Languages
10391:Astrology
10239:Modernism
10053:Old World
9697:Feudalism
9668:Catalonia
8720:Classical
8607:Quaestors
8537:Empresses
8527:Dynasties
8517:Dictators
8492:and other
8481:Volubilis
8476:Vindobona
8436:Londinium
8361:Theodoret
8331:Procopius
8311:Polyaenus
8286:Pausanias
8188:Vitruvius
8133:Symmachus
8128:Suetonius
8038:Petronius
8023:Obsequens
7988:Macrobius
7983:Lucretius
7908:Frontinus
7883:Eutropius
7868:Columella
7818:Augustine
7808:Appuleius
7756:Neo-Latin
7731:Classical
7722:Versions
7630:Aqueducts
7572:Patronage
7492:Sexuality
7465:Mythology
7440:Education
7430:Cosmetics
7255:Campaigns
7250:Structure
7203:Decemviri
7062:Imperator
6761:overthrow
6601:in Epirus
6550:Trapezous
6495:Mesambria
6480:Eupatoria
6450:Apollonia
6445:Anchialos
6407:Theodosia
6377:Nymphaion
6367:Myrmekion
6337:Gorgippia
6293:Black Sea
6278:Tragurion
6263:Nymphaion
6248:Epidauros
6243:Epidamnos
6233:Apollonia
6210:Zacynthos
6132:Ptolemais
6126:Apollonia
6099:Cyrenaica
6089:TherassĂa
6084:Strongyle
6064:Ereikousa
5987:Leontinoi
5927:Apollonia
5804:Hipponion
5601:Mycenaean
5564:Parthenon
5496:Lion Gate
5399:Mythology
5362:Sculpture
5325:Astronomy
5259:Pederasty
5234:Festivals
5219:Education
5099:Lawgivers
5068:Timocreon
5048:Sophocles
5043:Simonides
5018:Philocles
5013:Panyassis
5008:Mimnermus
4973:Herodotus
4968:Euripides
4938:Aeschylus
4885:Leucippus
4845:Aristotle
4624:Strategos
4490:Synedrion
4444:Ostracism
4424:Areopagus
4376:Free city
4171:Macedonia
4055:Byzantion
3961:Macedonia
3926:Cyrenaica
3903:Geography
3837:Geography
3761:Igbo-Ukwu
3690:Britannia
3642:by region
3421:Democracy
2924:Roman art
2802:Citations
2434:Aristotle
2393:and even
2377:sexuality
2369:education
2357:sculpture
2304:Aristotle
2244:President
2174:Orthodoxy
2119:patriarch
2041:Heraclius
1943:Platonism
1917:with the
1906:. During
1843:Mithraism
1816:Britannia
1690:Latin War
1624:Aristotle
1620:followers
1612:astronomy
1608:geography
1528:Illyrians
1524:Thracians
1520:Paeonians
1497:Pelopidas
1401:, son of
1281:republics
1272:Etruscans
1195:Black Sea
1128:Phoenicia
1101:democracy
1067:Sargon II
1057:found in
1013:Phoenicia
841:West Asia
801:antiquity
709:Modernity
676:West Asia
657:East Asia
576:West Asia
553:East Asia
493:West Asia
474:East Asia
430:Axial Age
332:Neolithic
326:Timelines
294:Stone Age
219:Economics
181:Economics
79:Colosseum
61:Parthenon
34:(journal)
24:(journal)
11172:Schengen
11102:Eurozone
10942:Property
10937:Religion
10828:Frankish
10818:Germanic
10798:Paganism
10719:Religion
10707:European
10619:Humanism
10522:Religion
10481:Painting
10447:Internet
10398:Folklore
10369:Clothing
10340:Calendar
10316:Cyrillic
10301:Alphabet
10264:Cold War
9936:See also
9907:Cold War
9702:Crusades
9672:Valencia
8844:Diadochi
8612:Tribunes
8602:Praetors
8552:Generals
8532:Emperors
8441:Lugdunum
8426:Eboracum
8416:Carthage
8401:Aquileia
8316:Polybius
8306:Plutarch
8276:Libanius
8266:Josephus
8261:Herodian
8153:Tibullus
8068:Priscian
8043:Phaedrus
8003:Manilius
7948:Jordanes
7933:Hydatius
7863:Claudian
7843:Catullus
7833:Boëthius
7828:Ausonius
7746:Medieval
7718:Alphabet
7690:Theatres
7665:Numerals
7650:Concrete
7640:Circuses
7607:Bagaudae
7597:Adoption
7592:Marriage
7565:Assembly
7470:Religion
7445:Folklore
7425:Clothing
7420:Calendar
7377:Currency
7367:Commerce
7265:Strategy
7227:Military
7213:Triumvir
7193:Dictator
7188:Interrex
7167:Governor
7152:Quaestor
7115:Ordinary
7097:Province
7087:Tetrarch
7077:Augustus
7042:Vicarius
7032:Officium
6969:Imperium
6919:Plebeian
6879:Republic
6801:Dominate
6768:Republic
6729:Timeline
6650:Category
6628:Theatres
6555:Tripolis
6490:Kerasous
6485:Heraclea
6417:Tyritake
6372:Nikonion
6283:Thronion
6205:Salauris
6160:Emporion
6117:Berenice
6107:Balagrae
6059:Euonymos
6032:Tyndaris
6017:Syracuse
6012:Selinous
5982:Kamarina
5937:Casmenae
5922:Akrillai
5839:Neápolis
5774:Caulonia
5755:Mainland
5686:Linear B
5681:Linear A
5611:Dialects
5588:Language
5382:Religion
5340:Medicine
5274:Religion
5239:Folklore
5224:Emporium
5199:Clothing
5194:Calendar
5078:Xenophon
5073:Tyrtaeus
5058:Theognis
5033:Polybius
5028:Plutarch
5003:Menander
4983:Hipponax
4910:Socrates
4865:Epicurus
4711:Diadochi
4609:Sciritae
4569:Hetairoi
4544:Ballista
4509:Military
4472:Gerousia
4462:Ekklesia
4429:Ecclesia
4411:Athenian
4359:Politics
4272:–279 BC)
4259:–366 BC)
4240:–389 BC)
4176:Pergamon
4146:Bithynia
4139:Kingdoms
4080:Pergamon
4022:Military
4017:Politics
3814:Timeline
3756:Carthage
3751:Aegyptus
3718:Anatolia
3695:Germania
3685:Hispania
3355:Archived
3348:(1937).
3201:Archived
3161:. p. 12.
3115:429–449.
2956:Porträts
2779:Octavian
2679:Classics
2619:See also
2501:Timeline
2458:medicine
2438:religion
2399:pastoral
2349:politics
2343:and the
2267:Panthéon
2230:republic
2191:and the
2061:Ottomans
1951:theology
1828:Caucasus
1812:Germania
1788:Hispania
1772:de facto
1768:imperial
1751:Emperors
1720:and the
1666:Monarchy
1552:Diadochi
1526:and the
1469:Lysander
1452:and the
1411:Isagoras
1349:Lucretia
1211:oikistes
1193:and the
1047:Sardinia
1039:Carthage
695:See also
539:Americas
524:Timeline
421:Iron Age
318:Holocene
272:a series
270:Part of
151:Language
93:a series
91:Part of
11017:Benelux
10922:Thought
10872:Atheism
10813:Finnish
10789:Culture
10784:Judaism
10746:Eastern
10742:Western
10737:Culture
10671:Paradox
10537:Decline
10498:Science
10374:History
10362:Studies
10345:Cuisine
10333:Periods
10293:Culture
10122:History
10088:Eastern
10083:Western
10034:culture
9777:Baroque
9676:Majorca
9588:Francia
8967: (
8905: (
8677:Archaic
8582:Legions
8542:Fiction
8512:Consuls
8507:Climate
8461:Ravenna
8456:Pompeii
8446:Lutetia
8411:Bononia
8406:Berytus
8396:Antioch
8371:Zosimus
8366:Zonaras
8341:Sozomen
8326:Priscus
8301:Photius
8143:Terence
8138:Tacitus
8123:Statius
8108:Servius
8093:Sallust
8048:Plautus
8028:Orosius
8008:Martial
7963:Juvenal
7938:Hyginus
7923:Gellius
7782:Writers
7713:History
7695:Thermae
7685:Temples
7635:Bridges
7602:Slavery
7550:Equites
7522:Society
7502:Theatre
7475:Deities
7435:Cuisine
7415:Bathing
7397:Culture
7372:Finance
7349:Economy
7240:Borders
7235:History
7137:Tribune
7132:Praetor
7022:Legatus
7017:Emperor
6904:Curiate
6874:Kingdom
6869:History
6845:History
6828:decline
6786:History
6756:Kingdom
6739:History
6724:Outline
6670:Outline
6623:Temples
6560:Zaliche
6540:Thèrmae
6530:Sesamus
6500:Odessos
6475:Cytorus
6470:Cotyora
6220:Illyria
6185:Mainake
6180:Kypsela
6069:Hycesia
6027:Thermae
6007:Segesta
5997:Messana
5952:Helorus
5932:Calacte
5912:Akragas
5874:Sybaris
5859:Rhegion
5814:Krimisa
5764:Alision
5673:Writing
5646:Locrian
5636:Epirote
5606:Homeric
5539:Artemis
5526:Temples
5467:Olympia
5437:Eleusis
5372:Theatre
5357:Pottery
5284:Warfare
5279:Slavery
5214:Economy
5209:Cuisine
5204:Coinage
5181:Society
5166:Culture
5161:Society
5109:Tyrants
4948:Alcaeus
4930:Authors
4880:Hypatia
4870:Gorgias
4807:Writers
4629:Toxotai
4599:Sarissa
4589:Peltast
4584:Phalanx
4564:Hoplite
4559:Hippeis
4482:Macedon
4454:Spartan
4439:Heliaia
4386:Proxeny
4095:Larissa
4090:Kerkyra
4085:Eretria
4075:Miletus
4070:Ephesus
4065:Corinth
4060:Chalcis
3981:Taurica
3851:Periods
3832:History
3713:Scythia
3680:Illyria
3675:Thracia
3655:Graecia
3425:History
3413:Sources
3073:30 July
3048:30 July
3022:30 July
2926:). In:
2482:Poetics
2469:Molière
2465:theater
2365:theatre
2325:history
2308:Raphael
2170:Caesar)
2139:monarch
2135:emperor
2127:crowned
2065:Romaioi
2021:Maurice
1884:by 476.
1879:Eastern
1875:Western
1861:woman.
1858:familia
1820:Balkans
1780:Illyria
1656:green).
1570:Macedon
1509:Macedon
1485:Corinth
1444:in the
1426:Macedon
1399:Hippias
1315:Sabines
1305:prince
1237:transl.
1233:ἀποικία
1224:apoikia
1203:of the
1143:Corinth
1109:theatre
1051:Etruria
999:Map of
915:History
898:Western
875:ancient
873:of the
871:culture
652:Oceania
548:Oceania
469:Oceania
403:Ancient
348:Present
191:Physics
146:Element
11037:CANZUK
10927:Speech
10855:Slavic
10833:Gothic
10808:Celtic
10803:Baltic
10702:Values
10503:Values
10063:Greece
9664:Aragon
9643:Amalfi
9628:Venice
9616:Second
9266:Second
9232:Second
9158:Fourth
9148:Second
9121:Second
8973:Second
8919:Fourth
8911:Second
8592:Nomina
8577:Legacy
8557:Gentes
8494:topics
8490:Lists
8471:Smyrna
8351:Strabo
8281:Lucian
8271:Julian
8221:Arrian
8216:Appian
8206:Aelian
8183:Vergil
7958:Justin
7943:Jerome
7928:Horace
7913:Fronto
7903:Florus
7878:Ennius
7858:Cicero
7838:Caesar
7736:Vulgar
7560:Tribes
7487:Romans
7297:Legion
7280:castra
7157:Aedile
7127:Censor
7122:Consul
7082:Caesar
7052:Lictor
6974:Status
6914:Tribal
6894:Senate
6884:Empire
6778:Empire
6714:topics
6660:Portal
6608:People
6596:Cities
6535:Sinope
6520:Rhizos
6510:Phasis
6460:Bathus
6455:Athina
6440:Amisos
6402:Tanais
6397:Pityus
6322:Charax
6273:Pharos
6268:Orikon
6165:Helike
6155:Alonis
6122:Cyrene
6054:Didyme
5967:Himera
5942:Catana
5904:Sicily
5894:Thurii
5889:Terina
5854:Pixous
5809:Hydrus
5784:Croton
5616:Aeolic
5534:Aphaea
5457:Dodona
5442:Delphi
5411:Temple
5087:Others
5038:Sappho
5023:Pindar
4998:Lucian
4993:Ibycus
4978:Hesiod
4915:Thales
4683:Rulers
4662:People
4639:Xyston
4634:Xiphos
4495:Koinon
4401:Tyrant
4391:Stasis
4381:Koinon
4181:Pontus
4156:Epirus
4125:Sparta
4115:Rhodes
4110:Megara
4105:Thebes
4050:Athens
3976:Pontus
3941:Epirus
3931:Cyprus
3916:Aeolis
3738:Africa
3728:Arabia
3665:Gallia
3660:Italia
3648:Europa
3565:about
3326:
3279:
3254:
3225:
3181:
3157:
2890:
2861:
2832:
2495:ballet
2473:Racine
2462:French
2415:marble
2375:, and
2341:Europe
2333:Greece
2269:, the
2242:and a
2240:Senate
2232:(from
2189:Papacy
2178:Moscow
2155:Romioi
2110:, and
2025:Phocas
1990:717–18
1981:Muslim
1896:, and
1830:, and
1818:, the
1804:Trajan
1792:Iudaea
1784:Greece
1716:, the
1706:Greece
1692:, and
1682:Latium
1590:, the
1588:Persia
1522:, the
1481:Thebes
1473:Athens
1450:Sparta
1442:Athens
1432:, and
1430:Thrace
1307:Aeneas
1303:Trojan
1277:Italic
1113:poetry
1081:Greece
1071:Tyrian
1063:Cyprus
1059:Kition
1043:Sicily
1031:Canaan
1019:, and
890:spread
878:Greeks
839:, and
833:Europe
745:Future
685:Europe
633:Africa
606:Modern
585:Europe
534:Africa
502:Europe
450:Africa
214:Ballet
11192:USMCA
11047:CEFTA
11002:AUKUS
10992:ANZUS
10987:ANZUK
10932:Press
10850:Roman
10515:Sport
10459:Chant
10454:Music
10442:Media
10435:Canon
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