Kingdom of Great Britain

677: 2040:, of resolving the financial and political disaster. The economy was basically healthy, and the panic ended. Working with the financiers he successfully restored confidence in the system. However, public opinion, as shaped by the many prominent men who had lost so much money so quickly, demanded revenge. Walpole supervised the process, which removed all 33 company directors and stripped them of, on average, 82% of their wealth. The money went to the victims. The government bought the stock of the South Sea Company for £33 and sold it to the Bank of England and the East India Company, the only other two corporations big enough to handle the challenge. Walpole made sure that King George and his mistresses were not embarrassed, and by the margin of three votes he saved several key government officials from impeachment. 2430:

out—by trade barriers, regulations, and subsidies to domestic industries to maximise exports from and minimise imports to the realm. The government had to fight smuggling—which became a favourite American technique in the 18th century to circumvent the restrictions on trading with the French, Spanish or Dutch. The goal of mercantilism was to run trade surpluses, so that gold and silver would pour into London. The government took its share through duties and taxes, with the remainder going to merchants in London and other British ports. The government spent much of its revenue on a superb Royal Navy, which not only protected the British colonies but threatened the colonies of the other empires, and sometimes seized them. Thus the Royal Navy captured

70: 2016:

involving £30 million, some 60 per cent of the entire British national debt. It set up a scheme that invited stock owners to turn in their certificates for stock in the Company at a par value of £100—the idea was that they would profit by the rising price of their stock. Everyone with connections wanted in on the bonanza, and many other outlandish schemes found gullible takers. South Sea stock peaked at £1,060 on 25 June 1720. Then the bubble burst, and by the end of September it had fallen to £150. Hundreds of prominent men had borrowed to buy stock high; their apparent profits had vanished, but they were liable to repay the full amount of the loans. Many went bankrupt, and many more lost fortunes.

2208: 143: 580: 56: 2982: 2953: 893: 1970: 2798: 6629: 2967: 2938: 152: 6754: 1950:...on the whole he did well by Great Britain, guiding the country calmly and responsibly through the difficult postwar years and repeated invasions or threatened invasions... He liked efficiency and expertise, and had long experience of running an orderly state... He cared for the quality of his ministers and his officers, army and naval, and the strength of the navy in fast ships grew during his reign... He showed political vision and ability in the way in which he used British power in Europe. 831: 605: 2167:, handle foreign policy until about 1726, then took charge. A major challenge for his administration was the royal role as simultaneous ruler of Hanover, a small German state that was opposed to Prussian supremacy. George I and George II saw a French alliance as the best way to neutralise Prussia. They forced a dramatic reversal of British foreign policy, which for centuries had seen France as England's greatest enemy. However, the bellicose King 2044: 2377:(1703–1791) and his followers preached revivalist religion, trying to convert individuals to a personal relationship with Christ through Bible reading, regular prayer, and especially the revival experience. Wesley himself preached 52,000 times, calling on men and women to "redeem the time" and save their souls. Wesley always operated inside the Church of England, but at his death, it set up outside institutions that became the 2734:, a private, for-profit corporation, with its own army. The "John Company" (as it was nicknamed) took direct control of half of India and built friendly relations with the other half, which was controlled by numerous local princes. Its goal was trade, and vast profits for the Company officials, not the building of the British empire. Company interests expanded during the 18th century to include control of territory as the old 566: 2396:. It did not seek political reform, but rather the opportunity to save souls through political action by freeing slaves, abolishing the duel, prohibiting cruelty to children and animals, stopping gambling, and avoiding frivolity on the Sabbath; evangelicals read the Bible every day. All souls were equal in God's view, but not all bodies, so evangelicals did not challenge the hierarchical structure of English society. 2186:. His financial policy was a major success once peace had been signed in 1748. He demobilised the armed forces, and reduced government spending from £12 million to £7 million. He refinanced the national debt, dropping the interest rate from 4% p.a. to 3% p.a. Taxes had risen to pay for the war, but in 1752 he reduced the land tax from four shillings to two shillings in the pound: that is, from 20% to 10%. 125: 2195:

tax, which was paid by the local gentry, with excise and customs taxes, which were paid by merchants and ultimately by consumers. Walpole joked that the landed gentry resembled hogs, which squealed loudly whenever anyone laid hands on them. By contrast, he said, merchants were like sheep, and yielded their wool without complaint. The joke backfired in 1733 when he was defeated in a major battle to

1729: 2709: 1938:

opinion....The visits to Hanover also provided critics with the opportunity...to argue that British interests were being neglected....George could not speak English, and all relevant documents from his British ministers were translated into French for him....Few British ministers or diplomats...knew German, or could handle it in precise discussion."

1654:, elected from amongst their number for the life of each parliament. Similarly, the members of the former English House of Commons continued as members of the British House of Commons, but as a reflection of the relative tax bases of the two countries the number of Scottish representatives was fixed at 45. Newly created peers in the 1825:. Gibraltar became a major naval base which allowed Great Britain to control the entrance from the Atlantic to the Mediterranean. The war marks the weakening of French military, diplomatic and economic dominance, and the arrival on the world scene of Britain as a major imperial, military and financial power. British historian 2859:, believing that the French would help them to overthrow the British. They hoped for significant French support, which never came. The uprising was very poorly organized, and quickly suppressed by much more powerful British forces. Including many bloody reprisals, the total death toll was in the range of 10,000 to 30,000. 2199:. To reduce the threat of smuggling, the tax was to be collected not at ports but at warehouses. This new proposal, however, was extremely unpopular with the public, and aroused the opposition of the merchants because of the supervision it would involve. Walpole was defeated as his strength in Parliament dropped a notch. 2354:, but with military restrictions and an obligation to support the British client states, effectively leaving the future of India to Great Britain. The British victory over France in the Seven Years' War therefore left Great Britain as the world's dominant colonial power, with a bitter France thirsting for revenge. 2429:

was the basic policy imposed by Great Britain on its overseas possessions. Mercantilism meant that the government and the merchants became partners with the goal of increasing political power and private wealth, to the exclusion of other empires. The government protected its merchants—and kept others

2107:

and others who rejected the charge of political corruption by arguing that corruption is the universal human condition. Furthermore, they argued, political divisiveness was also universal and inevitable because of selfish passions that were integral to human nature. Arnall argued that government must

1761:

retained power, and each country kept its legal and educational systems, as well as its established Church. United, they formed a larger economy, and the Scots began to provide soldiers and colonial officials to the new British forces and Empire. However, one notable difference at the outset was that

2240:

has said Walpole's policies sought moderation: he worked for peace, lower taxes, growing exports, and allowed a little more tolerance for Protestant Dissenters. He avoided controversy and high-intensity disputes, as his middle way attracted moderates from both the Whig and Tory camps. H.T. Dickinson

1937:

has argued that George wanted to spend even more time in Hanover: "His visits, in 1716, 1719, 1720, 1723 and 1725, were lengthy, and, in total, he spent a considerable part of his reign abroad. These visits were also occasions both for significant negotiations and for the exchange of information and

2684:

in 1783 wrote "A Proposal for Establishing a Settlement in New South Wales" proposing the establishment of a colony composed of American Loyalists, Chinese and South Sea Islanders (but not convicts). Matra reasoned that the land was suitable for plantations of sugar, cotton and tobacco; New Zealand

2235:

from the gentry class, who first arrived in Parliament in 1701, and held many senior positions. He was a country squire and looked to country gentlemen for his political base. Historian Frank O'Gorman said his leadership in Parliament reflected his "reasonable and persuasive oratory, his ability to

2194:

By avoiding wars, Walpole could lower taxes. He reduced the national debt with a sinking fund, and by negotiating lower interest rates. He reduced the land tax from four shillings in 1721, to 3s in 1728, 2s in 1731 and finally to only 1s (i.e. 5%) in 1732. His long-term goal was to replace the land

2066:

was a master of the effective use of patronage, as were Pelham and Lord Newcastle. They each paid close attention to the work of bestowing upon their political allies high places, lifetime pensions, honours, lucrative government contracts, and help at election time. In turn the friends enabled them

1900:

led eighteen Jacobite peers and 10,000 men, with the aim of overthrowing the new king and restoring the Stuarts. Poorly organised, it was decisively defeated. Several of the leaders were executed, many others dispossessed of their lands, and some 700 prominent followers deported to forced labour on

2825:

represented a contest of ideologies between conservative, royalist Britain and radical Republican France. The long bitter wars with France 1793–1815, saw anti-Catholicism emerge as the glue that held the three kingdoms together. From the upper classes to the lower classes, Protestants were brought

2766:

and made it the major military and political power in India. In the following decades it gradually increased the extent of territories under its control, ruling either directly or in cooperation with local princes. Although Britain itself only had a small standing army, the company had a large and

2135:

Such has been the conduct of Sir Robert Walpole, with regard to foreign affairs: he has deserted our allies, aggrandized our enemies, betrayed our commerce, and endangered our colonies; and yet this is the least criminal part of his ministry. For what is the loss of allies to the alienation of the

2091:

Walpole's policy had bred distrust, his methods hatred. Time and time again his policy was successful in Parliament only because of the government's absolute control of the Scottish members in the Commons and the Bishops in the Lords. He gave point to the opposition's cry that Walpole's policy was

2589:

policies that had characterised the first period of colonial expansion, dating back to the protectionism of Spain and Portugal. The growth of trade between the newly independent United States and Great Britain after 1781 confirmed Smith's view that political control was not necessary for economic

1748:

was agreed in 1706, following negotiations between representatives of the parliaments of England and Scotland, and each parliament then passed separate Acts of Union to ratify it. The Acts came into effect on 1 May 1707, uniting the separate Parliaments and uniting the two kingdoms into a kingdom

2640:

as a separate colony. The Constitutional Act of 1791 created the provinces of Upper Canada (mainly English-speaking) and Lower Canada (mainly French-speaking) to defuse tensions between the French and English-speaking communities, and implemented governmental systems similar to those employed in

1833:

That Treaty , which ushered in the stable and characteristic period of Eighteenth-Century civilization, marked the end of danger to Europe from the old French monarchy, and it marked a change of no less significance to the world at large,—the maritime, commercial and financial supremacy of Great

1661:

Despite the end of a separate parliament for Scotland, it retained its own laws and system of courts, as also its own established Presbyterian Church and control over its own schools. The social structure was highly hierarchical, and the same ruling class remained in control after 1707. Scotland

2015:

Corporate stock was a new phenomenon, not well understood, except for the strong gossip among financiers that fortunes could be made overnight. The South Sea Company, although originally set up to trade with the Spanish Empire, quickly turned most of its attention to very high risk financing,

2054:

Stanhope and Sunderland died of natural causes, leaving Walpole alone as the dominant figure in British politics. The public hailed him as the saviour of the financial system, and historians credit him with rescuing the Whig government, and indeed the Hanoverian dynasty, from total disgrace.

1941:

George I supported the expulsion of the Tories from power; they remained in the political wilderness until his great-grandson George III came to power in 1760 and began to replace Whigs with Tories. George I has often been caricatured in the history books, but according to his biographer

2826:

together from England, Scotland and Ireland into a profound distrust and distaste for all things French. That enemy nation was depicted as the natural home of misery and oppression because of its inherent inability to shed the darkness of Catholic superstition and clerical manipulation.

2226:

is rightly regarded as one of the major feats of British political history... Explanations are usually offered in terms of his expert handling of the political system after 1720, his unique blending of the surviving powers of the crown with the increasing influence of the Commons.

1800:. The war was a financial drain, for Britain had to finance its allies and hire foreign soldiers. Stalemate on the battlefield and war weariness on the home front set in toward the end. The anti-war Tory politicians won control of Parliament in 1710 and forced a peace. The concluding 676: 3099:

There was no authorised version of the national anthem as the words were a matter of tradition; only the first verse was usually sung. No statute had been enacted designating "God Save the King" as the official anthem. In the English tradition, such laws are not necessary;

124: 123: 6545: 6540: 2372:

gained strength in the late 18th and early 19th century. The movement challenged the traditional religious sensibility that emphasized a code of honour for the upper class, and suitable behaviour for everyone else, together with faithful observances of rituals.

2689:, Matra amended his proposal to include convicts as settlers, considering that this would benefit both "Economy to the Publick, & Humanity to the Individual". The government adopted the basics of Matra's plan in 1784, and funded the settlement of convicts. 3615:

Ninth United Nations Conference on the Standardisation of Geographical Names (Item 4 of the provisional agenda, Reports by Governments on the situations in their countries and of the progress made in the standardisation of geographical names since the eighth

2834:

It was not only Britain's position on the world stage that was threatened: Napoleon, who came to power in 1799, threatened invasion of Great Britain itself, and with it, a fate similar to the countries of continental Europe that his armies had overrun. The

2071:

or other handsome emoluments, often in the range of £500 – £1000 per year. Usually there was little or no work involved. Walpole also distributed highly attractive ecclesiastical appointments. When the Court in 1725 instituted a new order of chivalry, the

2076:, Walpole immediately seized the opportunity. He made sure that most of the 36 men honoured were peers and members of parliament who would provide him with useful connections. Walpole himself became enormously wealthy, investing heavily in his estate at 2019:

Confidence in the entire national financial and political system collapsed. Parliament investigated and concluded that there had been widespread fraud by the company directors and corruption in the Cabinet. Among Cabinet members implicated were the

1901:

sugar plantations in the West Indies. A key decision was the refusal of the Pretender to change his religion from Roman Catholic to Anglican, which would have mobilised much more of the Tory element. The Whigs came to power, under the leadership of

1486:

state that England and Scotland were to be "United into One Kingdom by the Name of Great Britain", and as such "Great Britain" was the official name of the state, as well as being used in titles such as "Parliament of Great Britain".. The term

2679:

for the establishment of a penal settlement. Australia marks the beginning of the Second British Empire. It was planned by the government in London and designed as a replacement for the lost American colonies. The American Loyalist

2295:, and suffered a series of defeats in North America. After years of setbacks and mediocre results, British luck turned in the "miracle year" ("Annus Mirabilis") of 1759. The British had entered the year anxious about a 1626:. In practice, it was a continuation of the English parliament, sitting at the same location in Westminster, expanded to include representation from Scotland. As with the former Parliament of England and the modern 1762:

the new Scottish members of parliament and representative peers were elected by the outgoing Parliament of Scotland, while all existing members of the Houses of Commons and Lords at Westminster remained in office.

2685:

timber and hemp or flax could prove valuable commodities; it could form a base for Pacific trade; and it could be a suitable compensation for displaced American Loyalists. At the suggestion of Secretary of State

3304:

That the two Kingdoms of England and Scotland shall upon the First day of May which shall be in the year One thousand seven hundred and seven and forever after be united into one Kingdom by the name of Great

1199:. Since James's reign, who had been the first to refer to himself as "king of Great Britain", a political union between the two mainland British kingdoms had been repeatedly attempted and aborted by both the 2067:

to control Parliament. Thus in 1742, over 140 members of parliament held powerful positions thanks in part to Walpole, including 24 men at the royal court, 50 in the government agencies, and the rest with

2624:

became Britain's major base for naval action. They repulsed an American revolutionary invasion in 1776, but in 1777 a British invasion army was captured in New York, encouraging France to enter the war.

2381:. It stood alongside the traditional nonconformist churches, Presbyterians, Congregationalist, Baptists, Unitarians and Quakers. The nonconformist churches, however, were less influenced by revivalism. 2140:

Walpole's allies defeated a censure motion by a vote of 209 to 106, but Walpole's coalition lost seats in the election of 1741, and by a narrow margin he was finally forced out of office in early 1742.

1804:

was highly favourable for Britain. Spain lost its empire in Europe and faded away as a great power, while working to better manage its colonies in the Americas. The First British Empire, based upon the

2245:

Walpole was one of the greatest politicians in British history. He played a significant role in sustaining the Whig party, safeguarding the Hanoverian succession, and defending the principles of the

2163:

in 1733, because it was a dispute between the Bourbons and the Habsburgs. He boasted, "There are 50,000 men slain in Europe this year, and not one Englishman." Walpole himself let others, especially

2249:(1688) ... He established a stable political supremacy for the Whig party and taught succeeding ministers how best to establish an effective working relationship between Crown and Parliament. 1536:

The kingdoms of England and Scotland, both in existence from the 9th century (with England incorporating Wales in the 16th century), were separate states until 1707. However, they had come into a

1698:, through the Parliament of Great Britain, had "full power and authority to make laws and statutes of sufficient validity to bind the Kingdom and people of Ireland". The Act was repealed by the 8836: 8832: 8828: 8824: 8820: 8808: 8804: 8800: 8796: 8792: 8788: 8776: 8772: 8768: 8764: 8760: 8756: 8752: 8740: 8736: 8732: 8728: 8716: 8712: 8708: 8704: 8700: 8696: 8684: 8680: 8676: 8672: 8668: 8664: 8660: 8648: 8644: 8640: 8636: 8632: 8628: 8624: 8612: 8608: 8604: 8600: 8596: 8592: 8588: 8584: 8572: 8568: 8564: 8560: 8556: 8552: 8548: 2559:

The American Revolutionary War, which lasted from 1775 to 1783, was expensive but the British financed it successfully. Approximately 8,500 British troops were killed in action during the war.

2287:, North America, the Caribbean, the Philippines, and coastal Africa. The results were highly favourable for Britain, and a major disaster for France. Key decisions were largely in the hands of 1662:

continued to have its own universities, and with its intellectual community, especially in Edinburgh, the Scottish Enlightenment had a major impact on British, American, and European thinking.

8536: 8532: 8528: 8524: 8520: 8516: 8504: 8500: 8496: 8492: 8488: 8484: 8480: 8468: 8464: 8460: 8456: 8452: 8448: 8444: 8432: 8428: 8424: 8420: 8416: 8412: 8400: 8396: 8392: 8388: 8384: 8380: 8376: 8372: 8360: 8356: 8344: 8340: 8336: 8324: 8320: 8308: 2179:

collaborated informally with Walpole to prevent a major war and keep the peace. Both sides wanted peace, which allowed both countries enormous cost savings, and recovery from expensive wars.

2127:

By 1741, Walpole was facing mounting criticism on foreign policy—he was accused of entangling Britain in a useless war with Spain—and mounting allegations of corruption. On 13 February 1741,

2103:

attacked Walpole relentlessly, primarily targeting his patronage, which they denounced as corruption. In turn, Walpole imposed censorship on the London theatre and subsidised writers such as

2636:

in Africa. The 14,000 Loyalists who went to the Saint John and Saint Croix river valleys, then part of Nova Scotia, were not welcomed by the locals. Therefore, in 1784 the British split off

1092: 3548: 3480: 2641:

Great Britain, with the intention of asserting imperial authority and not allowing the sort of popular control of government that was perceived to have led to the American Revolution.

151: 1710:, which sought to end the subordination and dependency of the country on the British crown and to establish a republic, was one of the factors that led to the formation of the 8103: 8098: 8093: 8088: 8083: 8078: 8073: 8068: 8063: 8058: 6928: 6923: 6918: 6913: 6908: 6903: 6898: 6893: 6888: 6883: 3509: 1888:, then in exile. The Whigs strongly supported the Hanoverians, in order to ensure a Protestant succession. The new king, George I was a foreign prince and had a small English 1514:. Both the Acts and the Treaty describe the country as "One Kingdom" and a "United Kingdom", leading some publications to treat the state as the "United Kingdom". The term 2632:

migrated, some bringing their slaves. Most families were given free land to compensate their losses. Several thousand free blacks also arrived; most of them later went to

2000:

He monopolized the counsels of the King, he closely superintended the administration, he ruthlessly controlled patronage, and he led the predominant party in Parliament.

3416:

That the Two Kingdoms of Scotland and England, shall upon 1 May next ensuing the date hereof, and forever after, be United into One Kingdom by the Name of GREAT BRITAIN

2410:

The first British Empire was based largely in mainland North America and the West Indies, with a growing presence in India. Emigration from Britain went mostly to the

746: 8283: 8278: 8273: 8268: 8263: 8258: 8253: 8248: 8243: 8238: 8233: 8228: 8223: 8218: 8213: 8208: 8203: 8198: 8193: 8188: 8183: 8178: 8173: 8168: 8163: 8158: 8153: 8148: 8143: 8138: 8133: 8128: 8123: 8118: 8113: 8108: 8053: 8048: 8043: 8038: 8033: 8028: 8023: 8018: 7108: 7103: 7098: 7093: 7088: 7083: 7078: 7073: 7068: 7063: 7058: 7053: 7048: 7043: 7038: 7033: 7028: 7023: 7018: 7013: 7008: 7003: 6998: 6993: 6988: 6983: 6978: 6973: 6968: 6963: 6958: 6953: 6948: 6943: 6938: 6933: 6878: 6873: 6868: 6863: 6858: 6853: 6848: 6843: 2571:

marked the transition between the "first" and "second" empires, in which Britain shifted its attention away from the Americas to Asia, the Pacific and later Africa.

1699: 2108:

be strong enough to control conflict, and in that regard Walpole was quite successful. This style of "court" political rhetoric continued through the 18th century.

721: 859: 751: 69: 10194: 2096:

The opposition called for "patriotism" and looked at the Prince of Wales as the future "Patriot King". Walpole supporters ridiculed the very term "patriot".

6411:—— (2010). "The Historiography of the English State During 'The Long Eighteenth Century'Part Two–Fiscal-Military and Nationalist Perspectives". 3448:

In 1707, on the union with Scotland, 'Great Britain' became the official name of the British Kingdom, and so continued until the union with Ireland in 1801.

6091: 5953: 3960: 3167:"After the political union of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland in 1707, the nation's official name became the Kingdom of Great Britain". 10199: 6531: 6617: 2483: 786: 1552:

meant that the whole of the island of Great Britain was now ruled by a single monarch, who by virtue of holding the English crown also ruled over the

741: 1690:

had recently "assumed to themselves a Power and Jurisdiction to examine, correct and amend" judgements of the Irish courts and declared that as the

10149: 7462: 781: 1984:

who rose to power in the House of Commons from 1721 to 1742. He became the first "prime minister", a term in use by 1727. In 1742, he was created

6838: 1796:, who reigned 1702–1714, was the central decision maker, working closely with her advisers, especially her remarkably successful senior general, 1099: 9595: 6432:

Johnson, Richard R. (1978). "Politics Redefined: An Assessment of Recent Writings on the Late Stuart Period of English History, 1660 to 1714".

2612:. Great Britain's policy was to respect Quebec's Catholic establishment as well as its semi-feudal legal, economic, and social systems. By the 796: 10144: 7339: 7227: 2544:, the United States held off successive British invasions. The Americans captured two main British armies in 1777 and 1781. After that, King 731: 386: 6390:

Devereaux, Simon (2009). "The Historiography of the English State during 'the Long Eighteenth Century': Part I–Decentralized Perspectives".

1572: 9707: 1917:. Many Tories were driven out of national and local government, and new laws were passed to impose greater national control. The right of 9885: 9763: 6585: 3607: 3080: 1993: 1711: 1671: 1390: 852: 776: 598: 24: 5182:

Drury, Marjule Anne (2001). "Anti-Catholicism in Germany, Britain, and the United States: A Review and Critique of Recent Scholarship".

3526: 2384:

The Church of England remained dominant, but it had a growing evangelical, revivalist faction in the "Low Church". Its leaders included

9717: 3706:

How the Scots Invented the Modern World: The True Story of How Western Europe's Poorest Nation Created Our World & Everything in It

2218:

Historians hold Walpole's record in high regard, though there has been a recent tendency to share credit more widely among his allies.

1933:

During his reign, George I spent only about half as much of his time overseas as had William III, who also reigned for thirteen years.

1872:"In 1714 the ruling class was so bitterly divided that many feared a civil war might break out on Queen Anne's death", wrote historian 1556:. Each of the three kingdoms maintained its own parliament and laws. Various smaller islands were in the king's domain, including the 10164: 2995: 2510: 2457: 2296: 2164: 1906: 1897: 1531: 816: 801: 791: 55: 3519: 9600: 7990: 7324: 6665: 5031: 3060: 2280: 1035: 1248:

resisted early attempts to incorporate Ireland in the political union. The early years of the newly united kingdom were marked by

9429: 6595: 3705: 2866:

firmly believed that the only solution to the problem was a union of Great Britain and Ireland. The union was established by the

2839:

were therefore ones in which the British invested all the moneys and energies it could raise. French ports were blockaded by the

2159:

Walpole secured widespread support with his policy of avoiding war. He used his influence to prevent George II from entering the

2150: 2033: 1910: 1797: 2470:'s insistence on taxing colonists without their consent to recover losses incurred protecting the American Colonists during the 10159: 6610: 845: 811: 806: 771: 659: 4515:

French Foreign Policy during the Administration of Cardinal Fleury, 1726–1743: A Study in Diplomacy and Commercial Development

9727: 6515: 6061: 6031: 6001: 5917: 5878: 5852: 5828: 5806: 5784: 5765: 5746: 5724: 5703: 5675: 5653: 5631: 5566: 5544: 5506: 5483: 5350: 5263: 5158: 5059: 5013: 4988: 4950: 4892: 4589: 4459: 4384: 4347: 4273: 4225: 4166: 4035: 3822: 3793: 3714: 3692: 1749:

called Great Britain. Anne became the first monarch to occupy the unified British throne, and in line with Article 22 of the

1651: 877: 699: 3767: 3366: 10189: 9585: 7477: 7455: 7222: 6833: 6343: 6339: 2650: 2405: 3065: 892: 10179: 2154: 2109: 184: 9795: 9722: 2609: 1596: 6753: 4190:

Hanham, Andrew (2016), "The Politics of Chivalry: Sir Robert Walpole, the Duke of Montagu and the Order of the Bath",

3491: 2604:

After a series of "French and Indian wars", the British took over most of France's North American operations in 1763.

1226:, with the laws of succession differing in the two kingdoms and threatening a return to the throne of Scotland of the 10169: 10139: 6826: 6603: 5424: 5388: 5230: 5119:

Stern, Philip J. (2009). "History and historiography of the English East India Company: Past, present, and future!".

5050:(1988). "Banks, Cook and the Eighteenth Century Natural History Tradition". In Delamotte, Tony; Bridge, Carl (eds.). 4808: 4689: 4522: 3898: 3256: 2909: 2814: 2805: 2288: 2029: 1902: 1754: 1631: 470: 4297:

Horne, Thomas (October–December 1980), "Politics in a Corrupt Society: William Arnall's Defense of Robert Walpole",

10154: 9454: 7239: 6736: 6692: 2548:

lost control of Parliament and was unable to continue the war, which was brought to an end with the signing of the

2479: 2259: 1627: 1580: 1040: 2438:) in 1664. The colonies were captive markets for British industry, and the goal was to enrich the mother country. 2036:. Walpole had dabbled in the speculation himself but was not a major player. He rose to the challenge, as the new 7448: 7234: 6731: 3891:

Peoples and Empires: A Short History of European Migration, Exploration, and Conquest, from Greece to the Present

2312: 2232: 2207: 2128: 736: 2338:

ended threats of a French invasion, and confirmed Britain's reputation as the world's foremost naval power. The

2124:—they were called "Cobham's Cubs". They became leading enemies of Walpole and both later became prime minister. 10174: 10028: 7329: 7217: 4856: 4722: 3562: 3514: 2292: 2183: 1085: 1018: 4475: 2616:

of 1774, the province of Quebec was enlarged to include the western holdings of the American colonies. In the

9800: 7416: 7303: 7200: 7195: 7190: 7185: 7180: 7175: 7170: 7165: 7160: 7155: 7150: 7145: 7140: 7135: 7130: 7125: 7120: 6709: 3984: 3196: 2316: 1964: 1892:

to support him, with military support from his native Hanover and from his allies in the Netherlands. In the

1844: 1777: 1013: 907: 668: 135: 75: 3580: 2347: 9758: 7983: 6776: 5326: 4108: 3016: 2300: 2160: 1862: 1806: 1793: 1771: 1741: 1732: 1592: 1208: 1005: 339: 2878:. Great Britain and Ireland were formally united on 1 January 1801. The Irish Parliament was closed down. 19:

This article is about the British kingdom as it existed from 1707 to the end of 1800. For the island, see

9810: 9737: 9422: 8000: 6816: 2887: 2792: 2552:

in 1783, which acknowledged the independence and sovereignty of the thirteen colonies and recognized the

2502: 2467: 2182:

Henry Pelham became prime minister in 1744 and continued Walpole's policies. He worked for an end to the

2021: 1885: 1615: 1600: 1527: 1245: 1161: 1069: 686: 440: 2236:

move both the emotions as well as the minds of men, and, above all, his extraordinary self-confidence."

1575:

and a single unified parliament. Ireland remained formally separate, with its own parliament, until the

142: 10093: 9837: 9732: 9712: 9449: 7115: 6793: 6680: 6143: 5663: 3473: 3028: 2891: 2788: 2668: 2617: 2475: 2453: 2037: 1359: 1054: 942: 927: 363: 2176: 1884:

families controlled parliament, but were deeply split, with Tories committed to the legitimacy of the

10204: 9590: 7380: 6788: 6702: 5985: 5844:

The History of England from the Accession of George III – to the close of Pitt's first Administration

5516: 3022: 3005: 2784: 2739: 1695: 1608: 1383: 1048: 991: 351: 7440: 2797: 1969: 10184: 9742: 7427: 7212: 7207: 6350: 5691: 5467: 4880: 4510: 4447: 4443: 3075: 2863: 2801: 2637: 1934: 1655: 937: 423: 320: 6625: 7976: 7968: 7395: 7334: 5734: 5617: 4939:"From Global Processes to Continental Strategies: The Emergence of British North America to 1783" 4023: 2856: 2100: 1893: 1707: 1253: 1064: 1023: 922: 313: 3104:

and usage are sufficient to make it the national anthem. "God Save the King" also served as the

3000:

Anne was from the House of Stuart and the Georges were from the House of Hanover. Anne had been

2981: 2952: 1334:, which was to become the foremost global power for over a century. Great Britain dominated the 1315:

in the period 1700–1740s. The term "Augustan" refers to the acknowledgement of the influence of

9415: 7344: 6726: 6697: 6670: 6076:

Literature and Society in Eighteenth-Century England: Ideology, Politics and Culture, 1680–1820

4849:

The Great Frontier War: Britain, France, and the Imperial Struggle for North America, 1607–1755

4158: 3530: 2658: 2629: 2549: 2414:

and the West Indies, with some to Newfoundland and Nova Scotia. Few permanent settlers went to

2339: 2335: 2113: 1857:

In the 18th century England, and after 1707 Great Britain, rose to become the world's dominant

1623: 1584: 1507: 1204: 981: 958: 932: 4376: 2342:

marked the high point of the First British Empire. France's future in North America ended, as

1646:

to sit in the House of Lords remained unchanged, while the disproportionately large number of

10018: 9863: 9559: 7957: 7952: 7947: 7942: 7937: 7932: 7927: 7922: 7917: 7912: 7907: 7902: 7897: 7892: 7887: 7882: 7877: 7872: 7867: 7862: 7857: 7852: 7847: 7842: 7837: 7832: 7827: 7822: 7817: 7812: 7807: 7802: 7797: 7792: 7787: 7782: 7777: 7772: 7767: 7762: 7757: 7752: 7747: 7742: 7737: 7732: 7727: 7722: 7717: 7712: 7707: 7702: 7697: 7692: 7687: 7682: 7677: 7672: 7667: 7662: 7657: 7652: 7647: 7642: 7637: 7632: 7627: 7622: 7617: 7612: 7607: 7602: 7597: 7592: 7587: 7582: 7577: 7572: 7567: 7562: 7557: 7552: 7547: 7542: 7537: 7532: 7527: 7522: 7517: 7512: 7507: 7502: 7497: 7492: 7411: 7308: 6675: 5838: 5475: 5047: 4938: 4581: 4485: 4426: 4339: 4265: 3994: 3814: 3600: 3563:"BBC – History – British History in depth: Acts of Union: The creation of the United Kingdom" 3534: 3134: 2875: 2697: 2471: 2284: 1810: 1780:(1702–14) England continued its policy of forming and funding alliances, especially with the 1679: 1675: 1619: 1296: 1200: 1165: 986: 835: 165: 61: 2916:

parliamentary constituencies remained unchanged throughout the existence of the Parliament.

2675:, Cook's botanist on the voyage, presented evidence to the government on the suitability of 1744:, the last Stuart monarch of England and Scotland and the first monarch of Great Britain. A 1599:. The Act of Settlement required that the heir to the English throne be a descendant of the 9637: 9479: 6743: 3640: 3628: 3050: 2730:

was not directly ruled by the British government, instead certain parts were seized by the

2654: 2621: 2136:

people from the government, or the diminution of trade to the destruction of our liberties?

2083:

Walpole's methods won him victory after victory, but aroused furious opposition. Historian

1703: 1687: 1683: 1588: 1492: 1463:

The use of the word "Great" before "Britain" originates in the French language, which uses

1414: 1375: 1188: 976: 6215:—— (October 1900). "The Foreign Policy of England under Walpole (Continued)". 2966: 2937: 2299:, but by the end of the year, they were victorious in all theatres. In the Americas, they 2171:

died in 1715, and the regents who ran France were preoccupied with internal affairs. King

2112:, a leading soldier, used his own connections to build up an opposition after 1733. Young 8: 10103: 10023: 9880: 9827: 9815: 9516: 7390: 6562: 6535: 5860: 5714: 2605: 2447: 2385: 2276: 2270: 2246: 2092:

against the wishes of the nation, a policy imposed by a corrupt use of pension and place.

1922: 1647: 1545: 1499: 1335: 1327: 1300: 1273: 1234: 1184: 1141: 966: 585: 6273:—— (April 1901). "The Foreign Policy of England under Walpole (Continued)". 6147: 3481:"Scottish referendum: 50 fascinating facts you should know about Scotland (see fact 27)" 1491:

had been in use in some official contexts for a century, such as at the proclamation of

9913: 9875: 9858: 9805: 9779: 9605: 9551: 9307: 9302: 7360: 6655: 6650: 6556: 6485: 6449: 6378: 6370: 6319: 6302:—— (July 1901). "The Foreign Policy of England under Walpole (Continued)". 6290: 6261: 6232: 6203: 6186:—— (July 1900). "The Foreign Policy of England under Walpole (Continued)". 6174: 5889: 5842: 5520: 5308: 5300: 5207: 5199: 5093: 4314: 4087: 3298: 2852: 2731: 2212: 2025: 1691: 1643: 1576: 1568: 1553: 1483: 1402: 1394: 1339: 1281: 1241: 1223: 1133: 1129: 1059: 571: 519: 506: 288: 157: 6462: 6053:

Three Victories and a Defeat: The Rise and Fall of the First British Empire, 1714–1783

4151: 3400: 10083: 9974: 9832: 9392: 9387: 9222: 9134: 8008: 7385: 6511: 6489: 6424: 6403: 6382: 6124: 6057: 6051: 6027: 5997: 5989: 5913: 5874: 5848: 5824: 5802: 5780: 5761: 5742: 5720: 5699: 5671: 5649: 5627: 5562: 5540: 5502: 5479: 5420: 5384: 5374: 5346: 5312: 5259: 5226: 5211: 5154: 5132: 5097: 5055: 5009: 4984: 4946: 4888: 4852: 4804: 4798: 4718: 4685: 4585: 4518: 4455: 4380: 4343: 4269: 4221: 4162: 4031: 3894: 3818: 3789: 3710: 3688: 3680: 3385: 3252: 2913: 2867: 2822: 2768: 2763: 2751: 2720: 2599: 2577: 2568: 2533: 2529: 2514: 2506: 2463: 2418:, although many young men went there in the hope of making money and returning home. 2411: 2369: 2363: 2304: 2073: 1801: 1785: 1363: 1347: 1269: 917: 284: 113: 93: 4410:

Great Britain: the lion at home: a documentary history of domestic policy, 1689–1973

10078: 9944: 9936: 9921: 9853: 9820: 9530: 6783: 6719: 6477: 6441: 6420: 6399: 6362: 6311: 6282: 6253: 6224: 6195: 6166: 6096: 5958: 5292: 5191: 5128: 5085: 4306: 4199: 3965: 3700: 3576: 3009: 2973: 2541: 2525: 2518: 2327: 2117: 2010: 1852: 1604: 1257: 1249: 912: 726: 266: 223: 6115: 5977: 3977: 1682:, and after 1707 to the Parliament of Great Britain. The Westminster parliament's 1630:, the Parliament of Great Britain was formally constituted of three elements: the 1292: 10098: 9987: 9949: 9691: 9632: 9508: 8999: 8994: 8946: 8941: 8916: 8911: 7370: 6771: 6685: 5572: 5430: 5394: 5356: 5269: 5236: 5164: 5146: 5076:

Atkinson, Alan (1990). "The first plans for governing New South Wales, 1786–87".

4862: 4829: 4728: 4695: 4595: 4528: 4465: 4390: 4353: 4279: 4231: 4172: 4041: 4019: 3904: 3868: 3771: 3764: 3370: 3337: 3262: 2944: 2901: 2836: 2755: 2491: 2331: 2320: 1943: 1826: 1750: 1745: 1686:(also called the Dependency of Ireland on Great Britain Act 1719) noted that the 1561: 1549: 1479: 1367: 1316: 1308: 1230: 1196: 1192: 1153: 1125: 1117: 971: 493: 256: 6315: 10063: 10058: 10053: 9964: 9954: 9926: 9674: 9657: 9652: 9521: 7365: 6821: 6286: 6170: 6100: 5962: 5794: 5621: 5554: 5378: 5029:

Schreuder, Deryck; Ward, Stuart, eds. (2010). "Chapter 1. Australia's Empire".

4907: 3969: 3886: 2905: 2897: 2537: 2104: 2063: 1985: 1960: 1914: 1866: 1789: 1781: 1635: 1541: 1537: 1446: 1343: 1331: 1312: 1304: 1265: 1261: 1227: 1180: 1121: 626: 537: 455: 408: 302: 251: 246: 28: 9992: 6481: 6244:—— (January 1901). "The Foreign Policy of England under Walpole". 6085: 5947: 5296: 5089: 3557:

Scotland has been part of the United Kingdom for more than three hundred years

2517:

with authoring the Declaration, but the committee, in turn, largely relied on

1268:. The "South Sea Bubble" economic crisis was brought on by the failure of the 10133: 9959: 9642: 9438: 7270: 7249: 6257: 6199: 5866: 5605: 5584: 5532: 5280: 4794: 4573: 3293: 3001: 2928: 2747: 2738:

declined in power and the East India Company battled for the spoils with the

2735: 2553: 2435: 2431: 2415: 2237: 2084: 2077: 2048: 1981: 1918: 1889: 1881: 1518:

was sometimes used informally during the 18th century to describe the state.

1439: 1157: 1145: 1030: 716: 711: 279: 261: 199: 186: 20: 6228: 6157:—— (April 1900). "The Foreign Policy of England under Walpole". 5434: 5273: 5168: 4699: 4394: 4357: 4283: 4203: 3266: 3041:

George III continued as King of the United Kingdom until his death in 1820.

1540:

in 1603, when James VI of Scotland became king of England under the name of

10108: 10073: 7254: 5948:"Pitt, William, first earl of Chatham [Pitt the elder] (1708–1778)" 5929:

The Long Eighteenth Century: British Political and Social History 1688–1832

5891:

The History of England From The Accession of Anne to the Death of George II

5576: 5398: 5240: 5218: 5054:. London: Sir Robert Menzies Centre for Australian Studies. pp. 4–23. 4833: 4800:

Three Victories and a Defeat: The Rise and Fall of the First British Empire

4732: 4662: 4599: 4532: 4469: 4331: 4235: 4176: 4045: 3908: 3850: 3244: 3109: 3105: 3101: 3055: 2809: 2759: 2672: 2633: 2586: 2426: 2393: 2351: 1989: 1877: 1848: 1758: 1355: 1351: 1320: 1288: 694: 480: 5360: 3549:"Scottish referendum: 50 fascinating facts you should know about Scotland" 1260:

resulted in a growth in the powers of Parliament and a new role, that of "

10088: 9669: 9569: 8863: 6071: 5816: 5799:

Progress and Poverty: An Economic and Social History of Britain 1700–1850

5641: 5494: 5412: 4866: 2693: 2686: 2681: 2389: 2374: 2308: 2279:, which began in 1756, was the first war waged on a global scale and saw 2219: 2196: 1974: 1873: 1858: 1557: 1371: 1169: 1149: 704: 464: 449: 161: 9997: 6499:

Recent Views on British History: Essays on Historical Writing Since 1966

3249:

God's Empire: Religion and Colonialism in the British World, c.1801–1908

2855:. In 1798, Irish nationalists, under Protestant leadership, plotted the 2466:

turned from benign neglect to outright revolt, primarily because of the

1295:" is typically used in the contexts of social and political history for 10068: 10002: 7375: 7244: 6798: 6714: 6453: 6019: 5304: 5203: 4761: 4715:

The War That Made America: A Short History of the French and Indian War

4318: 3219: 3130: 3070: 3034: 2840: 2712: 2676: 2664: 2613: 2582: 2581:, published in 1776, had argued that colonies were redundant, and that 2572: 2545: 2343: 1432: 1398: 1277: 1219: 375: 228: 6374: 6353:(1987). "British foreign policy in the eighteenth century: A survey". 6323: 6294: 6265: 6236: 6207: 6178: 2326:

In Europe, British troops partook in a decisive Allied victory at the

1925:

increased the maximum life of a parliament from three years to seven.

1694:

was subordinate to and dependent upon the crown of Great Britain, the

9982: 9382: 9377: 9372: 9367: 9362: 9357: 9352: 9347: 9342: 9337: 9332: 9327: 9322: 9317: 9312: 9297: 9292: 9287: 9282: 9277: 9272: 9267: 9262: 9257: 9252: 9247: 9242: 9237: 9232: 9164: 9159: 9154: 9149: 9144: 9139: 9129: 9124: 9119: 9114: 9109: 9104: 9099: 9094: 9089: 9084: 9079: 9074: 9069: 9064: 9059: 9054: 9049: 9044: 8976: 8971: 8966: 8961: 7470: 4220:, vol. 2, 1688 to the present (3rd ed.), pp. 449–450, 2871: 2716: 2667:

had discovered the eastern coast of Australia whilst on a scientific

2495: 2378: 2222:

wrote that Walpole's uninterrupted run of 20 years as Prime Minister

2168: 2121: 1818: 1740:

The deeper political integration of her kingdoms was a key policy of

1639: 1379: 1240:

The resulting kingdom was in legislative and personal union with the

1173: 7432: 6445: 5195: 4310: 4030:, University of California Press, pp. 213–255, quoting p. 241, 3608:"Report of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland" 3438:

was the official designation of the kingdoms of England and Scotland

2851:

The French Revolution revived religious and political grievances in

1471:. French therefore distinguishes between the two by calling Britain 9684: 9647: 9535: 9489: 9227: 9217: 9212: 9207: 9202: 9197: 9192: 9187: 9182: 9039: 9034: 9029: 9024: 9019: 9014: 9009: 9004: 8956: 8951: 8936: 8931: 8926: 8921: 7280: 6366: 5052:

Interpreting Australia: British Perceptions of Australia since 1788

2172: 2068: 2043: 1468: 636: 7998: 3188: 9664: 9525: 9474: 8893: 8888: 8883: 7275: 1996:(1754–1762). Clayton Roberts summarizes Walpole's new functions: 1822: 631: 297: 9484: 9407: 5151:

Britain against Napoleon: The Organization of Victory, 1793–1815

4336:

Eighteenth-Century British Premiers: Walpole to the Younger Pitt

3291: 2771:, with British officers commanding native Indian troops (called 1124:

from 1707 to the end of 1800. The state was created by the 1706

10033: 9679: 9564: 9464: 8878: 8873: 8868: 5739:

Aristocratic century: the peerage of eighteenth-century England

4967:

Liberty's Exiles: American Loyalists in the Revolutionary World

4912:

The Origins of Empire, The Oxford History of the British Empire

3831: 3722: 2772: 2487: 1814: 1495:'s acession to the throne in 1625 as "King of Great Britain". 177: 5525:

The Law & Working of the Constitution: Documents 1660–1914

3663: 3661: 3319:

Ridicule, Religion and the Politics of Wit in Augustan England

2778: 2028:, and a Secretary of State, as well as two other leading men, 1722: 1423:

descends from the Latin name for the island of Great Britain,

9540: 9469: 7285: 5472:

Politics and Foreign Policy in the Age of George I, 1714–1727

5256:

The Savage Storm: Britain on the Brink in the Age of Napoleon

3527:"The Creation of the United Kingdom of Great britain in 1707" 3430:

The Standard Reference Work: For the Home, School and Library

2727: 2264: 1988:

and was succeeded as prime minister by two of his followers,

1728: 1137: 641: 4748:

The Church of England: the Methodists and society, 1700–1850

9459: 4538: 4130: 4051: 3786:

Scotland in the Eighteenth Century: Union and Enlightenment

3746: 3734: 3658: 3285: 2211:

1740 political cartoon depicting a towering Walpole as the

1658:, and their successors, had the right to sit in the Lords. 6129:. Vol. 1, 1783–1815. Cambridge, The University press. 6126:

The Cambridge History of British Foreign Policy, 1783–1919

4630: 4109:"Riding a wave the Company's role in the South Sea Bubble" 3964:. Vol. 1 (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 1144:

to form a single kingdom encompassing the whole island of

5910:

Britain in the Hanoverian Age, 1714–1837: An Encyclopedia

4606: 4000: 3646: 2357: 1700:

Repeal of Act for Securing Dependence of Ireland Act 1782

1503: 3915: 2912:, the lower chamber, which was elected periodically. In 2708: 1287:

The Hanoverian line of monarchs gave their names to the

2080:

and its large collection of European master paintings.

1706:

produced a period of legislative freedom. However, the

6508:

The Hanoverian Dimension in British History, 1714–1837

4885:

War for America: The Fight for Independence, 1775–1783

2628:

After the American victory, between 40,000 and 60,000

4642: 3685:

The Cambridge Companion to the Scottish Enlightenment

3155:

Continued as monarch of the United Kingdom until 1820

1921:

was restricted; to reduce electoral instability, the

16:

Constitutional monarchy in Western Europe (1707–1800)

6463:"The recent historiography of the Hanoverian regime" 5821:

A Mad, Bad, and Dangerous People?: England 1783–1846

4918: 4828:. University of Washington Press. pp. 204–211. 4618: 4373:

Democracy: 1,000 Years in Pursuit of British Liberty

4089:

The Great Swindle: The Story of the South Sea Bubble

3353:

Histoire de la petite Bretagne ou Bretagne armorique

3137:, was an official language in the courts until 1731. 2532:

and with some economic and military assistance from

2175:

came of age in 1726, and his elderly chief minister

1475:, a distinction which was transferred into English. 1148:

and its outlying islands, with the exception of the

23:. For the United Kingdom between 1801 and 1922, see 6086:"Walpole, Robert, first earl of Orford (1676–1745)" 5994:

British Imperial Policy and Decolonization, 1938-64

4446:(1984), "Foreign Policy in the Age of Walpole", in 4241: 2441: 2346:(Quebec) came under British control. In India, the 1838: 6084: 5946: 4826:Seeds of Liberty: The Genesis of the American Mind 4262:George III and the Satirists from Hogarth to Byron 4150: 4086: 4063: 3774:scotshistoryonline.co.uk, accessed 2 November 2008 3367:"The Treaty (act) of the Union of Parliament 1706" 2350:had left France still in control of several small 2131:, a former ally, called for his removal. He said: 1809:, was enlarged. From France, Great Britain gained 1753:Scotland and England each sent members to the new 1338:through the trading and military expansion of the 5589:A Polite and Commercial People: England 1727–1783 5499:Cassell's Companion to Eighteenth Century Britain 4682:1759: The Year Britain Became Master of the World 4491: 3146:Monarch of England and Scotland from 1702 to 1707 2896:The Parliament of Great Britain consisted of the 2821:With the regicide of King Louis XVI in 1793, the 1603:and not a Roman Catholic; this brought about the 10131: 7433:Articles related to the Kingdom of Great Britain 4580:. Vol. VI: the Eighteenth Century. p. 2368:The evangelical movement inside and outside the 5984: 2462:During the 1760s and 1770s, relations with the 2319:in the West Indies. In India, the John Company 2253: 1567:This disposition changed dramatically when the 1366:. From 1787, Britain began the colonisation of 1256:. The relative incapacity or ineptitude of the 6506:Simms, Brendan; Riotte, Torsten, eds. (2007). 2881: 2513:. The Second Continental Congress charged the 1861:, with France as its main rival. The pre-1707 1510:, refer to the state created on 1 May 1707 as 1397:, enacted by Great Britain and Ireland, under 10195:States and territories disestablished in 1801 9423: 7984: 7456: 6611: 6012:Sir Robert Walpole: The Making of a Statesman 5492: 5447: 5225:. Yale University Press. pp. 35, 53–54. 5028: 4556: 3414:Both Acts and the Treaty state in Article I: 1583:to the throne in accordance with the English 1093: 853: 6460: 6095:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 5957:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 5926: 5515: 5327:"British History – The 1798 Irish Rebellion" 4636: 3740: 3728: 3066:History of the United Kingdom § 18th century 2421: 2317:captured the rich sugar island of Guadeloupe 1980:Robert Walpole (1676–1745) was a son of the 1954: 1579:took effect. The Union of 1707 provided for 90: 9886:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 6586:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 6505: 5527:, vol. I: 1660–1783, A. & C. Black 4102: 4100: 3951: 3811:The War of the Spanish Succession 1701–1714 2779:Battling the French Revolution and Napoleon 2715:of the East India Company meeting his ally 2700:to the colony. It arrived in January 1788. 2494:and suppressed the Loyalists who supported 2144: 2058: 1723:Merging of Scottish and English Parliaments 1712:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 1391:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 1382:. Britain was a leading belligerent in the 1179:The formerly separate kingdoms had been in 599:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 25:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 10200:States and territories established in 1707 9596:British–Irish Intergovernmental Conference 9430: 9416: 7991: 7977: 7463: 7449: 6618: 6604: 6043:Albion's People: English Society 1714–1815 4936: 4781:Albion's People: English Society 1714–1815 3251:. Cambridge University Press. p. 41. 2330:. The victory over the French navy at the 2265:Victory in the Seven Years' War, 1756–1763 1100: 1086: 860: 846: 150: 6496: 6410: 6389: 6122: 6024:English Society in the Eighteenth Century 5616: 4937:Reid, John G.; Mancke, Elizabeth (2008). 4745: 4660: 4481: 4080: 4078: 3867: 2996:History of monarchy in the United Kingdom 2750:of the 1740s and 1750s. Victories at the 2696:set sail, carrying the first shipment of 2458:United States Declaration of Independence 2392:. It reached the upper class through the 1532:History of monarchy in the United Kingdom 6301: 6272: 6243: 6214: 6185: 6156: 6142: 5901:English People in the Eighteenth Century 5898: 5865: 5670:(2nd ed.), At the Clarendon Press, 5662: 5646:Stability and Strife: England, 1714–1760 5595: 5583: 5417:The Younger Pitt: The Consuming Struggle 5075: 5032:The Oxford History of the British Empire 4712: 4612: 4560: 4544: 4430: 4422: 4264:. University of Georgia Press. pp. 4259: 4148: 4136: 4097: 4057: 4006: 3958:Gibbs, G. C. (21 May 2009). "George I". 3937: 3933: 3752: 3667: 3652: 3427: 3294:"Union with Scotland Act 1706 Article I" 2796: 2744:Compagnie française des Indes orientales 2707: 2562: 2305:drove the French out of the Ohio Country 2206: 2042: 1968: 1765: 1727: 10150:1800 disestablishments in Great Britain 6431: 6092:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 5954:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 5793: 5760:(2nd ed.). Yale University Press. 5559:The Rise and Fall of the British Empire 5253: 4823: 4370: 4330: 4215: 3961:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 3808: 3679: 3081:Timeline of British history (1700–1799) 2399: 2321:repulsed French forces besieging Madras 2202: 2197:impose excise taxes on wine and tobacco 2189: 1798:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough 1571:came into force, with a single unified 10132: 6133: 6123:Ward, A.W.; Gooch, G.P., eds. (1922). 6082: 6018: 5944: 5907: 5887: 5815: 5755: 5733: 5712: 5696:Britain as a Military Power, 1688–1815 5531: 5411: 5217: 5145: 5110: 5046: 5003: 4914:. Oxford University Press. p. 92. 4906: 4846: 4760: 4679: 4648: 4509: 4407: 4216:Roberts, Clayton; et al. (1985), 4189: 4084: 4075: 4069: 4018: 3941: 3885: 3849: 3837: 3699: 3581:"History of Great Britain (from 1707)" 3444:United States Congressional serial set 3369:. Scots History Online. Archived from 3336:. Edinburgh University Press. p. 3292:Parliament of the Kingdom of England, 3163: 3161: 2358:Evangelical religion and social reform 2311:in Canada as a result of the decisive 1928: 1521: 9411: 7972: 7444: 7431: 6599: 6349: 6070: 6049: 6009: 5774: 5758:Britons: Forging the Nation 1707–1837 5716:The economic policy of Robert Walpole 5690: 5640: 5604: 5553: 5537:A Land of Liberty?: England 1689–1727 5466: 5448:Cook, Chris; Stevenson, John (1980). 5383:. Greenwood Press. pp. 339–364. 5340: 5279: 5223:Britons: Forging the Nation 1707–1837 5181: 5118: 4978: 4924: 4879: 4793: 4624: 4497: 4442: 4296: 4247: 4106: 3990: 3957: 3945: 3921: 3783: 3575: 3351:Manet, François-Gille-Pierre (1934), 3350: 3243: 3217: 3061:Great Britain in the Seven Years' War 2509:, unanimously adopted and issued the 2482:, and the Americans then trapped the 1992:(1743–1754) and Pelham's brother the 1595:, which ceased to have effect by the 1282:defeat for the Stuarts' cause in 1746 10145:1707 establishments in Great Britain 9601:British–Irish Parliamentary Assembly 6344:Historiography of the British Empire 6340:Historiography of the United Kingdom 6040: 6026:(2nd ed.). Penguin Publishing. 5935: 5837: 5373: 4778: 4572: 4022:(1983), "New Light on George I", in 3359: 3317:Lund, Roger D. (2013), "Chapter 1", 3316: 2719:after their decisive victory at the 2406:Historiography of the British Empire 2301:captured Fort Ticonderoga (Carillon) 1650:were permitted to send only sixteen 1614:Legislative power was vested in the 1358:, and until suffering defeat in the 4779:Rule, John (1992). "Chapters 2–6". 3510:"The Union of the Parliaments 1707" 3331: 3158: 2151:International relations (1648–1814) 2004: 1512:the United Kingdom of Great Britain 1460:was first used officially in 1474. 13: 6752: 6136:The Reign of George III, 1760–1815 5684: 5450:British Historical Facts 1760–1830 4157:. Yale University Press. pp. 2293:lost the island of Minorca in 1756 2291:. The war started poorly. Britain 1665: 1597:Repeal of Certain Scotch Acts 1707 1431:, the land of the Britons via the 1389:Great Britain was merged into the 669:History of the United Kingdom 239:Recognised regional languages 14: 10216: 9437: 6525: 6333: 5938:The Eighteenth Century: 1714–1815 5871:The Eighteenth Century, 1688-1815 5610:England in the Eighteenth Century 5113:The East India Company: A History 4766:The age of improvement, 1783–1867 4118:. University of Regina. p. 2 3857:, vol. 2, pp. 1219–1221 3594: 2900:(an unelected upper house of the 2524:Under the military leadership of 2165:his brother-in-law Lord Townshend 1755:House of Commons of Great Britain 10165:1800 disestablishments in Europe 9586:Ireland–United Kingdom relations 7340:Scottish 18th-century literature 6627: 6589:1 January 1801 – 6 December 1922 6497:Schlatter, Richard, ed. (1984). 6425:10.1111/j.1478-0542.2010.00706.x 6404:10.1111/j.1478-0542.2009.00591.x 5847:. Creative Media Partners, LLC. 5283:(1998). "Britain and Napoleon". 5133:10.1111/j.1478-0542.2009.00617.x 4667:Readers Guide to British History 3855:Readers Guide to British History 3597:A Brief History of Great Britain 3518:. 2 January 2012. Archived from 3461:HMC Mar & Kellie, Supplement 3428:Stanford, Harold Melvin (1921). 3334:Europe: the emergence of an idea 3218:Berry, Ciara (15 January 2016). 3199:from the original on 3 July 2019 2987:Hanoverian arms used in Scotland 2980: 2965: 2951: 2936: 2651:History of Australia (1788–1850) 2521:, who authored its first draft. 2480:Battles of Lexington and Concord 2442:Loss of the 13 American colonies 2260:George III of the United Kingdom 1839:Hanoverian succession: 1714–1760 1628:Parliament of the United Kingdom 1362:, it also had dominion over the 891: 829: 675: 603: 578: 564: 141: 121: 68: 54: 6546:Text of Union with Scotland Act 5668:The Whig Supremacy: 1714 – 1760 5441: 5419:. Constable. pp. 158–196. 5405: 5367: 5319: 5247: 5175: 5139: 5104: 5069: 5040: 5022: 4997: 4981:The Blacks in Canada: A History 4972: 4959: 4930: 4900: 4873: 4840: 4817: 4787: 4772: 4754: 4739: 4706: 4673: 4654: 4566: 4550: 4503: 4454:, Macmillan, pp. 144–169, 4436: 4416: 4401: 4364: 4324: 4299:Journal of the History of Ideas 4290: 4253: 4209: 4183: 4142: 4012: 3927: 3879: 3861: 3843: 3802: 3777: 3758: 3673: 3634: 3622: 3569: 3541: 3466: 3453: 3421: 3344: 3325: 3310: 3129:Law French, based primarily on 2671:to the South Pacific. In 1778, 2313:Battle of the Plains of Abraham 2241:summed up his historical role: 2155:France–United Kingdom relations 1876:. A few hundred of the richest 1735:, who reigned from 1702 to 1714 1213: 1132:, which united the kingdoms of 10029:Northern Ireland Sign Language 7330:Romantic literature in English 6580:1 May 1707 – 31 December 1800 6541:Text of Union with England Act 6510:. Cambridge University Press. 5741:. Cambridge University Press. 5713:Brisco, Norris Arthur (1907). 5380:William Pitt and the Great War 5153:. Penguin UK. pp. 61–62. 4665:(ed.), "Walpole, Sir Robert", 3893:. Modern Library. p. 90. 3873:A shortened history of England 3765:The Treaty or Act of the Union 3687:, Cambridge University Press, 3618:. New York. 21–30 August 2007. 3515:Learning and Teaching Scotland 3401:"Union with Scotland Act 1706" 3280:The American Pageant, Volume 1 3273: 3237: 3211: 3181: 3149: 3140: 3123: 3093: 2762:gave the Company control over 2184:War of the Austrian Succession 1019:War of the Austrian Succession 136:Royal coat of arms in Scotland 1: 10160:1707 establishments in Europe 6757:Floral Badge of Great Britain 6566: 6159:The English Historical Review 5777:Hanoverian England, 1714–1837 5719:. Columbia University Press. 5623:England under the Hanoverians 5078:Australian Historical Studies 4943:Canada and the British Empire 4941:. In Buckner, Phillip (ed.). 4452:Britain in the Age of Walpole 4408:Wiener, Joel H., ed. (1983), 3533:. 15 May 2011. Archived from 3386:"Union with England Act 1707" 3174: 2815:The House of Commons, 1793–94 1965:History of the United Kingdom 1845:History of the United Kingdom 1778:War of the Spanish Succession 1652:Scottish representative peers 1168:, but distinct legal systems— 1014:War of the Spanish Succession 908:War of the Quadruple Alliance 6693:Anglo-French War (1778–1783) 6149:The Whig Supremacy 1714–1760 6138:. Oxford History of England. 6116:UK public library membership 5978:UK public library membership 5908:Newman, Gerald, ed. (1997). 5648:. Harvard University Press. 5258:. Little, Brown Book Group. 5008:. McClelland & Stewart. 4669:, vol. 2, no. 1338 4578:The Cambridge Modern History 4576:; et al., eds. (1909). 3978:UK public library membership 3120:when the monarch was female. 3017:Anne, Queen of Great Britain 2958:Stuart arms used in Scotland 2644: 2254:Age of George III, 1760–1820 2161:War of the Polish Succession 1863:English overseas possessions 1807:English overseas possessions 1788:against their common enemy, 1772:Anne, Queen of Great Britain 1593:Act anent Peace and War 1703 1581:a Protestant-only succession 1506:, and others, including the 1408: 1393:on 1 January 1801, with the 1360:American War of Independence 1350:, it gained control of both 1330:led to the dominance of the 1264:", emerged in the heyday of 1244:from its inception, but the 27:. For the modern state, see 7: 10190:Former monarchies of Europe 8001:Parliament of Great Britain 6647:Constitutional development 5823:. Oxford University Press. 5801:. Oxford University Press. 5343:Rebellion!: Ireland in 1798 4945:. Oxford University Press. 4847:Nester, William R. (2000). 4746:Armstrong, Anthony (1973). 4028:England's Rise to Greatness 3555:. London. 11 January 2012. 3044: 2919: 2888:Parliament of Great Britain 2882:Parliament of Great Britain 2874:ensured the support of the 2829: 2793:War of the Second Coalition 2511:Declaration of Independence 2503:Second Continental Congress 2022:Chancellor of the Exchequer 1757:. The Scottish and English 1616:Parliament of Great Britain 1601:Electress Sophia of Hanover 1528:Parliament of Great Britain 1246:Parliament of Great Britain 1070:War of the Second Coalition 737:Post-war period (political) 441:Parliament of Great Britain 10: 10221: 10180:Former countries in Europe 6434:William and Mary Quarterly 6355:Journal of British Studies 6337: 6134:Watson, J. Steven (1960). 5899:Marshall, Dorothy (1956). 5598:Eighteenth-Century England 5596:Marshall, Dorothy (1974). 5460: 4768:. Longman. pp. 66–73. 4684:. Atlantic Monthly Press. 4260:Carretta, Vincent (2007). 3813:. Pen and Sword. pp. 3487:. London. 11 January 2012. 3282:, Cengage Learning (2012). 3029:George II of Great Britain 2993: 2892:Elections in Great Britain 2885: 2846: 2789:War of the First Coalition 2782: 2663:In 1770, British explorer 2648: 2618:American Revolutionary War 2597: 2476:American Revolutionary War 2474:(1754–1763). In 1775, the 2454:American Revolutionary War 2451: 2445: 2403: 2361: 2268: 2257: 2148: 2038:First Lord of the Treasury 2008: 1958: 1865:became the nucleus of the 1842: 1769: 1717: 1704:Irish constitution of 1782 1618:, which replaced both the 1525: 1412: 1370:with the departure of the 1218:) did not produce a clear 1055:War of the First Coalition 943:Hawkesbury and Nepean Wars 928:American Revolutionary War 747:Modern history (political) 18: 10046: 10011: 9973: 9935: 9912: 9905: 9898: 9846: 9788: 9772: 9757: 9700: 9625: 9618: 9578: 9550: 9507: 9500: 9445: 9173: 8985: 8902: 8856: 8847: 8292: 8007: 7485: 7438: 7404: 7381:Proclamation of Rebellion 7353: 7317: 7296: 7263: 6809: 6764: 6750: 6640: 6582: 6577:Kingdom of Great Britain 6575: 6553: 6482:10.1017/S0018246X00019178 6316:10.1093/ehr/XVI.LXIII.439 6304:English Historical Review 6275:English Historical Review 6246:English Historical Review 6217:English Historical Review 6188:English Historical Review 5775:Cowie, Leonard W (1967). 5626:. Methuen & Company. 5501:. Cassell & Company. 5297:10.1017/S0018246X98008048 5090:10.1080/10314619008595830 5006:A short history of Canada 4661:Dickinson, H. P. (2003), 4557:Brumwell & Speck 2001 4511:Wilson, Arthur McCandless 4085:Cowles, Virginia (1960). 3037:Great Britain (1760–1800) 3023:George I of Great Britain 2785:French Revolutionary Wars 2740:French East India Company 2593: 2422:Mercantilist trade policy 1955:Age of Walpole: 1721–1742 1896:, based in Scotland, the 1609:George I of Great Britain 1587:; rather than Scotland's 1585:Act of Settlement of 1701 1384:French Revolutionary Wars 1160:was governed by a single 1049:French Revolutionary Wars 1006:Second Hundred Years' War 836:United Kingdom portal 619: 543: 533: 529: 516: 503: 490: 486: 476: 461: 446: 436: 432: 417: 402: 398: 385: 381: 369: 357: 345: 333: 329: 319: 308: 296: 275: 237: 216: 173: 149: 133: 108: 91: 86: 50: 45: 38: 10170:18th century in Scotland 10140:Kingdom of Great Britain 9871:Kingdom of Great Britain 6634:Kingdom of Great Britain 6560:12 July 927 – 1 May 1707 6461:O'Gorman, Frank (1986). 6287:10.1093/ehr/XVI.LXII.308 6171:10.1093/ehr/XV.LVIII.251 6083:Taylor, Stephen (2008). 5996:, vol. 2, 1951–64, 5927:O'Gorman, Frank (1997). 5912:. Taylor & Francis. 5618:Robertson, Charles Grant 5004:Morton, Desmond (2001). 4983:. McGill-Queen's Press. 4375:. Random House. p. 4116:Economic History Society 3741:Costin & Watson 1952 3729:Costin & Watson 1952 3476:. BBC. 10 February 2011. 3086: 3076:List of British monarchs 2864:William Pitt the Younger 2767:well trained force, the 2703: 2145:Walpole's foreign policy 2059:Patronage and corruption 1656:Peerage of Great Britain 1222:heir and endangered the 1114:Kingdom of Great Britain 938:Australian frontier wars 742:Post-war period (social) 424:William Pitt the Younger 40:Kingdom of Great Britain 10155:18th century in England 7396:Welsh Methodist revival 7335:Romanticism in Scotland 6732:Agricultural Revolution 6698:Anglo-Dutch (1780–1784) 6050:Simms, Brendan (2008). 5254:Andress, David (1960). 5111:Lawson, Philip (2014). 4851:. Praeger. p. 54. 4713:Anderson, Fred (2005). 4371:Kellner, Peter (2011). 4204:10.1111/1750-0206.12236 4149:Browning, Reed (1975). 4107:Kleer, Richard (2014). 3809:Falkner, James (2015). 3496:nationalarchives.gov.uk 3463:(London, 1930), p. 226. 3388:. The national Archives 3355:(in French), p. 74 2857:Irish Rebellion of 1798 2585:should replace the old 2340:Treaty of Paris of 1763 1894:Jacobite rising of 1715 1708:Irish Rebellion of 1798 1678:was subordinate to the 1589:Act of Security of 1704 1401:, to merge with it the 1254:Jacobite rising of 1715 1065:Irish Rebellion of 1798 923:First Anglo-Maratha War 802:History of the monarchy 752:Modern history (social) 314:constitutional monarchy 217:Official languages 156:Great Britain in 1789; 7345:Blue Stockings Society 6758: 6681:American Revolutionary 6258:10.1093/ehr/XVI.LXI.67 6200:10.1093/ehr/XV.LIX.479 6101:10.1093/ref:odnb/28601 5963:10.1093/ref:odnb/22337 5945:Peters, Marie (2009). 5756:Colley, Linda (2009). 5474:. Routledge. pp. 5452:. The Macmillan Press. 5341:Gahan, Daniel (1998). 5329:. BBC. 5 November 2009 5285:The Historical Journal 4680:McLynn, Frank (2004). 3970:10.1093/ref:odnb/10538 3531:Historical Association 3492:"Uniting the kingdom?" 3446:, vol. 10, 1895, 2818: 2724: 2659:History of New Zealand 2336:Battle of Quiberon Bay 2289:William Pitt the Elder 2251: 2229: 2215: 2138: 2094: 2051: 2002: 1977: 1952: 1886:Stuart "Old Pretender" 1736: 1624:Parliament of Scotland 1573:Crown of Great Britain 1508:Historical Association 1205:Parliament of Scotland 992:Father Le Loutre's War 933:Fourth Anglo-Dutch War 312:Unitary parliamentary 10175:18th century in Wales 10019:British Sign Language 9864:Principality of Wales 9708:Bailiwick of Guernsey 9591:British–Irish Council 9579:Political cooperation 9560:Bailiwick of Guernsey 6756: 6338:Further information: 6229:10.1093/ehr/XV.LX.665 5936:Owen, John B (1976). 5888:Leadam, I. S (1912). 4979:Winks, Robin (1997). 4824:Savelle, Max (1948). 4192:Parliamentary History 3784:Allan, David (2001). 3434:From 1707 until 1801 2994:Further information: 2800: 2783:Further information: 2711: 2563:Second British Empire 2472:French and Indian War 2404:Further information: 2362:Further information: 2258:Further information: 2243: 2224: 2210: 2149:Further information: 2133: 2089: 2046: 1998: 1972: 1959:Further information: 1948: 1843:Further information: 1770:Further information: 1766:Queen Anne, 1702–1714 1731: 1702:. The same year, the 1680:Parliament of England 1676:Parliament of Ireland 1620:Parliament of England 1605:Hanoverian succession 1526:Further information: 1467:for both Britain and 1413:Further information: 1297:Georgian architecture 1201:Parliament of England 1166:Palace of Westminster 987:French and Indian War 886:Wars of Great Britain 166:Electorate of Hanover 9638:Islands of the Clyde 6744:Financial Revolution 6703:French Revolutionary 6010:Plumb, J. H (1956). 4338:. Springer. p. 4218:A History of England 3944:, pp. 392–398; 3940:, pp. 150–165; 3051:Early modern Britain 2972:Coat of arms of the 2943:Coat of arms of the 2655:History of Australia 2622:Halifax, Nova Scotia 2501:On 4 July 1776, the 2400:First British Empire 2203:Walpole's reputation 2190:Lower debt and taxes 1867:First British Empire 1688:Irish House of Lords 1684:Declaratory Act 1719 1498:The websites of the 1415:Britain (place name) 1376:penal transportation 1303:" is often used for 1189:James VI of Scotland 1128:and ratified by the 1024:Forty-five Rebellion 959:American Indian Wars 10024:Irish Sign Language 9881:Kingdom of Scotland 9718:Bailiwick of Jersey 9701:Lists of islands of 7999:Legislation of the 7391:Speenhamland system 6839:Acts of Parliament: 6834:List of parliaments 6563:Kingdom of Scotland 6536:Scottish Parliament 6532:The Treaty of Union 6501:. pp. 167–254. 6041:Rule, John (1992). 5873:. A. and C. Black. 5539:. Clarendon Press. 5493:Brumwell, Stephen; 5147:Knight, Roger J. B. 4563:, pp. 221–227. 4547:, pp. 259–270. 4517:, Greenwood Press, 4433:, pp. 183–191. 4139:, pp. 127–130. 4093:. New York: Harper. 4060:, pp. 180–212. 3948:, pp. 170–187. 3924:, pp. 146–149. 3770:27 May 2019 at the 3755:, pp. 287–306. 3731:, pp. 128–129. 3670:, pp. 271–287. 3553:The Daily Telegraph 3485:The Daily Telegraph 3474:"England – Profile" 3332:Hay, Denys (1968). 2870:; compensation and 2505:, representing the 2448:American Revolution 2386:William Wilberforce 2281:British involvement 2247:Glorious Revolution 1929:George I: 1714–1727 1923:Septennial Act 1715 1642:. The right of the 1546:Union of the Crowns 1522:Political structure 1500:Scottish Parliament 1482:and the subsequent 1336:Indian subcontinent 1301:Augustan literature 1276:. The campaigns of 1274:joint-stock company 1252:, particularly the 1235:Glorious Revolution 1185:Union of the Crowns 982:War of Jenkins' Ear 586:Kingdom of Scotland 196: / 9876:Kingdom of Ireland 9859:Kingdom of England 9606:Common Travel Area 9552:Crown Dependencies 9388:39 & 40 Geo. 3 9308:24 Geo. 3. Sess. 2 9303:24 Geo. 3. Sess. 1 9135:27 & 28 Geo. 2 7361:East India Company 6759: 6727:Panic of 1796–1797 6557:Kingdom of England 6470:Historical Journal 5375:Rose, John Holland 4024:Baxter, Stephen B. 3936:, pp. 72–89; 3709:, Crown Business, 3681:Broadie, Alexander 3595:Burns, William E. 3522:on 2 January 2012. 3299:legislation.gov.uk 3114:King, he, him, his 2819: 2732:East India Company 2725: 2630:defeated Loyalists 2468:British Parliament 2348:third Carnatic War 2216: 2213:Colossus of Rhodes 2052: 2026:Postmaster General 1978: 1911:Earl of Sunderland 1737: 1692:Kingdom of Ireland 1577:Acts of Union 1800 1569:Acts of Union 1707 1554:Kingdom of Ireland 1473:la Grande Bretagne 1403:Kingdom of Ireland 1395:Acts of Union 1800 1374:in the process of 1346:. In wars against 1340:East India Company 1242:Kingdom of Ireland 1224:line of succession 1176:—remained in use. 1130:Acts of Union 1707 1060:Haitian Revolution 572:Kingdom of England 520:Union with Ireland 289:Church of Scotland 158:Kingdom of Ireland 104:"God and my right" 10127: 10126: 10121: 10120: 10117: 10116: 10042: 10041: 9894: 9893: 9753: 9752: 9614: 9613: 9405: 9404: 9401: 9400: 9393:41 Geo. 3. (G.B.) 9223:8 Geo. 3. Sess. 2 7966: 7965: 7425: 7424: 7386:South Sea Company 6676:French and Indian 6594: 6593: 6583:Succeeded by 6517:978-0-521-15462-8 6114:(Subscription or 6063:978-0-465-01332-6 6033:978-0-140-13819-1 6003:978-0-333-48284-1 5976:(Subscription or 5919:978-0-8153-0396-1 5880:978-0-7136-1652-1 5861:Gutenberg edition 5854:978-0-530-51826-8 5830:978-0-19-921891-2 5808:978-0-19-822281-1 5786:978-0-7135-0235-0 5767:978-0-300-15280-7 5748:978-0-521-25729-9 5726:978-0-231-93374-2 5705:978-1-138-98791-3 5677:978-7-230-01144-0 5655:978-0-674-83350-0 5633:978-0-598-56207-4 5568:978-0-349-10667-0 5546:978-0-19-822842-4 5521:Watson, J. Steven 5508:978-0-304-34796-4 5485:978-1-317-07854-8 5352:978-0-86278-541-3 5345:. O'Brien Press. 5265:978-1-405-51321-0 5160:978-0-141-97702-7 5084:(94): 22–40, 31. 5061:978-0-902499-98-0 5048:Carter, Harold B. 5015:978-0-7710-6508-8 4990:978-0-7735-6668-2 4952:978-0-19-927164-1 4894:978-0-862-99725-0 4615:, pp. 28–33. 4591:978-0-521-07814-6 4461:978-0-333-36863-3 4386:978-1-907195-85-3 4349:978-0-230-30463-5 4275:978-0-8203-3124-9 4227:978-0-13-389974-0 4168:978-0-300-01746-5 4153:Duke of Newcastle 4037:978-0-520-04572-9 4009:, pp. 11–44. 3976:(Subscription or 3824:978-1-78159-031-7 3795:978-0-582-38247-3 3716:978-0-609-60635-3 3694:978-1-139-82656-3 3655:, pp. 11–43. 3641:Act of Union 1707 3629:Act of Union 1707 3577:Gascoigne, Bamber 3220:"National Anthem" 3116:were replaced by 2914:England and Wales 2868:Act of Union 1800 2823:French Revolution 2769:presidency armies 2752:Battle of Plassey 2721:Battle of Plassey 2600:History of Canada 2578:Wealth of Nations 2569:Thirteen Colonies 2530:George Washington 2515:Committee of Five 2507:Thirteen Colonies 2464:Thirteen Colonies 2412:Thirteen Colonies 2370:Church of England 2364:Church of England 2334:and the decisive 2074:Order of the Bath 1994:Duke of Newcastle 1907:Charles Townshend 1817:, and from Spain 1802:Treaty of Utrecht 1786:Holy Roman Empire 1364:Thirteen Colonies 1319:from the ancient 1270:South Sea Company 1110: 1109: 977:King George's War 918:Anglo-Mysore Wars 870: 869: 787:Mass surveillance 652: 651: 615: 614: 611: 610: 591: 590: 419:• 1783–1800 404:• 1721–1742 371:• 1760–1800 359:• 1727–1760 347:• 1714–1727 335:• 1707–1714 285:Church of England 126: 114:God Save the King 94:Dieu et mon droit 10212: 10205:Christian states 10079:Irish Travellers 9910: 9909: 9906:Modern languages 9903: 9902: 9854:Irish Free State 9811:Northern Ireland 9770: 9769: 9623: 9622: 9531:Northern Ireland 9509:Sovereign states 9505: 9504: 9432: 9425: 9418: 9409: 9408: 9176: 8988: 8905: 8854: 8853: 8840: 8812: 8780: 8744: 8720: 8688: 8652: 8616: 8576: 8540: 8508: 8472: 8436: 8404: 8364: 8348: 8328: 8312: 7993: 7986: 7979: 7970: 7969: 7480: 7465: 7458: 7451: 7442: 7441: 7429: 7428: 6827:House of Commons 6720:Jacobite risings 6632: 6631: 6630: 6620: 6613: 6606: 6597: 6596: 6571: 6568: 6554:Preceded by 6551: 6550: 6521: 6502: 6493: 6476:(4): 1005–1020. 6467: 6457: 6428: 6407: 6386: 6327: 6298: 6269: 6240: 6211: 6182: 6153: 6139: 6130: 6119: 6111: 6109: 6107: 6088: 6079: 6067: 6046: 6037: 6015: 6006: 5981: 5973: 5971: 5969: 5950: 5941: 5932: 5923: 5904: 5895: 5884: 5858: 5834: 5812: 5790: 5771: 5752: 5730: 5709: 5680: 5659: 5637: 5613: 5601: 5592: 5580: 5550: 5528: 5512: 5489: 5454: 5453: 5445: 5439: 5438: 5409: 5403: 5402: 5371: 5365: 5364: 5338: 5336: 5334: 5323: 5317: 5316: 5277: 5251: 5245: 5244: 5215: 5179: 5173: 5172: 5143: 5137: 5136: 5127:(4): 1146–1180. 5116: 5108: 5102: 5101: 5073: 5067: 5065: 5044: 5038: 5037: 5034:Companion Series 5026: 5020: 5019: 5001: 4995: 4994: 4976: 4970: 4963: 4957: 4956: 4934: 4928: 4922: 4916: 4915: 4904: 4898: 4897: 4877: 4871: 4870: 4844: 4838: 4837: 4821: 4815: 4814: 4791: 4785: 4784: 4776: 4770: 4769: 4758: 4752: 4751: 4743: 4737: 4736: 4710: 4704: 4703: 4677: 4671: 4670: 4658: 4652: 4646: 4640: 4634: 4628: 4622: 4616: 4610: 4604: 4603: 4570: 4564: 4554: 4548: 4542: 4536: 4535: 4507: 4501: 4495: 4489: 4479: 4473: 4472: 4440: 4434: 4420: 4414: 4413: 4405: 4399: 4398: 4368: 4362: 4361: 4328: 4322: 4321: 4294: 4288: 4287: 4257: 4251: 4245: 4239: 4238: 4213: 4207: 4206: 4187: 4181: 4180: 4156: 4146: 4140: 4134: 4128: 4127: 4125: 4123: 4113: 4104: 4095: 4094: 4092: 4082: 4073: 4067: 4061: 4055: 4049: 4048: 4020:Hatton, Ragnhild 4016: 4010: 4004: 3998: 3988: 3982: 3981: 3973: 3955: 3949: 3931: 3925: 3919: 3913: 3912: 3883: 3877: 3876: 3865: 3859: 3858: 3847: 3841: 3840:, chapters 4, 8. 3835: 3829: 3828: 3806: 3800: 3799: 3781: 3775: 3762: 3756: 3750: 3744: 3738: 3732: 3726: 3720: 3719: 3697: 3677: 3671: 3665: 3656: 3650: 3644: 3638: 3632: 3626: 3620: 3619: 3612: 3604: 3592: 3590: 3588: 3573: 3567: 3566: 3559: 3545: 3539: 3538: 3523: 3506: 3504: 3502: 3488: 3477: 3470: 3464: 3457: 3451: 3450: 3440: 3425: 3419: 3411: 3409: 3407: 3397: 3395: 3393: 3382: 3380: 3378: 3363: 3357: 3356: 3348: 3342: 3341: 3329: 3323: 3322: 3314: 3308: 3307: 3289: 3283: 3277: 3271: 3270: 3245:Carey, Hilary M. 3241: 3235: 3234: 3232: 3230: 3224:The Royal Family 3215: 3209: 3208: 3206: 3204: 3193:The Royal Family 3185: 3168: 3165: 3156: 3153: 3147: 3144: 3138: 3127: 3121: 3097: 3010:Queen of Ireland 3002:Queen of England 2984: 2974:House of Hanover 2969: 2955: 2940: 2910:House of Commons 2876:Irish Parliament 2567:The loss of the 2526:Continental Army 2519:Thomas Jefferson 2379:Methodist Church 2328:Battle of Minden 2277:Seven Years' War 2271:Seven Years' War 2122:Cobham's faction 2118:George Grenville 2011:South Sea Bubble 2005:South Sea Bubble 1853:House of Hanover 1632:House of Commons 1328:Seven Years' War 1258:Hanoverian kings 1250:Jacobite risings 1233:, exiled in the 1217: 1216: 1702–1714 1215: 1183:since the 1603 " 1102: 1095: 1088: 1036:Seven Years' War 967:Queen Anne's War 913:Jacobite risings 895: 872: 871: 862: 855: 848: 834: 833: 832: 812:Military history 772:Economic history 732:Second World War 717:Edwardian period 712:Victorian period 679: 654: 653: 607: 606: 595: 594: 582: 581: 568: 567: 561: 560: 545: 544: 525:31 December 1800 471:House of Commons 428: 413: 391: 292: 240: 212: 211: 210: 208: 207: 206: 201: 200:51.500°N 0.117°W 197: 194: 193: 192: 189: 154: 145: 128: 127: 102: 98: 97: 72: 58: 36: 35: 10220: 10219: 10215: 10214: 10213: 10211: 10210: 10209: 10185:Former kingdoms 10130: 10129: 10128: 10123: 10122: 10113: 10069:English Gypsies 10038: 10007: 9969: 9950:Scottish Gaelic 9931: 9890: 9842: 9784: 9761: 9749: 9696: 9692:Isles of Scilly 9633:Channel Islands 9610: 9574: 9546: 9496: 9441: 9436: 9406: 9397: 9174: 9169: 9000:1 Geo. 2. St. 2 8995:1 Geo. 2. St. 1 8986: 8981: 8947:7 Geo. 1. St. 2 8942:7 Geo. 1. St. 1 8917:1 Geo. 1. St. 2 8912:1 Geo. 1. St. 1 8903: 8898: 8849: 8843: 8815: 8783: 8747: 8723: 8691: 8655: 8619: 8579: 8543: 8511: 8475: 8439: 8407: 8367: 8351: 8331: 8315: 8303: 8296: 8294: 8288: 8011: 8003: 7997: 7967: 7962: 7481: 7476: 7469: 7434: 7426: 7421: 7400: 7371:Longitude prize 7349: 7313: 7292: 7259: 6805: 6760: 6748: 6686:Boston Massacre 6636: 6628: 6626: 6624: 6590: 6588: 6579: 6573: 6569: 6565: 6561: 6559: 6528: 6518: 6465: 6446:10.2307/1923211 6413:History Compass 6392:History Compass 6346: 6336: 6310:(53): 439–451. 6281:(62): 308–327. 6223:(60): 665–698. 6194:(59): 479–494. 6165:(58): 251–276. 6144:Williams, Basil 6113: 6105: 6103: 6064: 6056:. Basic Books. 6034: 6004: 5990:Stockwell, A.J. 5975: 5967: 5965: 5920: 5881: 5855: 5831: 5809: 5795:Daunton, Martin 5787: 5768: 5749: 5727: 5706: 5687: 5685:Further reading 5678: 5664:Williams, Basil 5656: 5634: 5600:(2nd ed.). 5569: 5555:James, Lawrence 5547: 5523:, eds. (1952), 5509: 5486: 5463: 5458: 5457: 5446: 5442: 5427: 5410: 5406: 5391: 5372: 5368: 5353: 5332: 5330: 5325: 5324: 5320: 5266: 5252: 5248: 5233: 5196:10.2307/3654412 5180: 5176: 5161: 5144: 5140: 5121:History Compass 5109: 5105: 5074: 5070: 5062: 5045: 5041: 5027: 5023: 5016: 5002: 4998: 4991: 4977: 4973: 4965:Maya Jasanoff, 4964: 4960: 4953: 4935: 4931: 4923: 4919: 4908:Pagden, Anthony 4905: 4901: 4895: 4887:, Alan Sutton, 4878: 4874: 4859: 4845: 4841: 4822: 4818: 4811: 4803:. Basic Books. 4792: 4788: 4777: 4773: 4759: 4755: 4744: 4740: 4725: 4711: 4707: 4692: 4678: 4674: 4659: 4655: 4647: 4643: 4635: 4631: 4623: 4619: 4611: 4607: 4592: 4571: 4567: 4559:, p. 288; 4555: 4551: 4543: 4539: 4525: 4508: 4504: 4496: 4492: 4480: 4476: 4462: 4441: 4437: 4421: 4417: 4406: 4402: 4387: 4369: 4365: 4350: 4329: 4325: 4311:10.2307/2709276 4295: 4291: 4276: 4258: 4254: 4246: 4242: 4228: 4214: 4210: 4188: 4184: 4169: 4147: 4143: 4135: 4131: 4121: 4119: 4111: 4105: 4098: 4083: 4076: 4068: 4064: 4056: 4052: 4038: 4017: 4013: 4005: 4001: 3989: 3985: 3975: 3956: 3952: 3932: 3928: 3920: 3916: 3901: 3887:Pagden, Anthony 3884: 3880: 3869:Trevelyan, G.M. 3866: 3862: 3848: 3844: 3836: 3832: 3825: 3807: 3803: 3796: 3782: 3778: 3772:Wayback Machine 3763: 3759: 3751: 3747: 3739: 3735: 3727: 3723: 3717: 3695: 3678: 3674: 3666: 3659: 3651: 3647: 3639: 3635: 3627: 3623: 3610: 3606: 3586: 3584: 3583:. History World 3574: 3570: 3561: 3547: 3546: 3542: 3537:on 15 May 2011. 3525: 3508: 3500: 3498: 3490: 3479: 3472: 3471: 3467: 3458: 3454: 3442: 3432:. Vol. 3. 3426: 3422: 3413: 3405: 3403: 3399: 3398: 3391: 3389: 3384: 3383: 3376: 3374: 3365: 3364: 3360: 3349: 3345: 3330: 3326: 3315: 3311: 3290: 3286: 3278: 3274: 3259: 3242: 3238: 3228: 3226: 3216: 3212: 3202: 3200: 3189:"Coats of Arms" 3187: 3186: 3182: 3177: 3172: 3171: 3166: 3159: 3154: 3150: 3145: 3141: 3128: 3124: 3118:Queen, she, her 3098: 3094: 3089: 3047: 2998: 2992: 2991: 2990: 2989: 2988: 2985: 2977: 2976: 2970: 2961: 2960: 2959: 2956: 2948: 2947: 2945:House of Stuart 2941: 2932: 2931: 2922: 2902:Lords Spiritual 2894: 2886:Main articles: 2884: 2862:Prime Minister 2849: 2837:Napoleonic Wars 2832: 2804:addressing the 2795: 2781: 2756:Battle of Buxar 2706: 2661: 2649:Main articles: 2647: 2602: 2596: 2565: 2550:Treaty of Paris 2492:Siege of Boston 2460: 2450: 2444: 2424: 2408: 2402: 2366: 2360: 2332:Battle of Lagos 2297:French invasion 2273: 2267: 2262: 2256: 2205: 2192: 2177:Cardinal Fleury 2157: 2147: 2099:The opposition 2061: 2034:Lord Sunderland 2013: 2007: 1967: 1957: 1944:Ragnhild Hatton 1931: 1855: 1841: 1827:G. M. Trevelyan 1774: 1768: 1751:Treaty of Union 1746:Treaty of Union 1738: 1725: 1720: 1670:As a result of 1668: 1666:Role of Ireland 1562:Channel Islands 1550:House of Stuart 1534: 1524: 1480:Treaty of Union 1417: 1411: 1368:New South Wales 1326:Victory in the 1317:classical Latin 1309:Augustan poetry 1231:House of Stuart 1212: 1197:King of Ireland 1193:King of England 1154:Channel Islands 1126:Treaty of Union 1118:sovereign state 1106: 1077: 1076: 1009: 997: 996: 962: 950: 949: 903: 881: 866: 830: 828: 823: 822: 821: 807:Women's history 782:Law enforcement 766: 758: 757: 756: 727:Interwar period 722:First World War 700:Napoleonic Wars 695:Georgian period 689: 663: 648: 604: 579: 565: 522: 509: 496: 494:Treaty of Union 467: 452: 426: 420: 411: 405: 389: 372: 360: 348: 336: 282: 271: 257:Scottish Gaelic 238: 233: 204: 202: 198: 195: 190: 187: 185: 183: 182: 181: 180: 169: 140: 129: 122: 119: 117: 103: 100: 82: 81: 80: 77: 73: 65: 64: 59: 41: 32: 17: 12: 11: 5: 10218: 10208: 10207: 10202: 10197: 10192: 10187: 10182: 10177: 10172: 10167: 10162: 10157: 10152: 10147: 10142: 10125: 10124: 10119: 10118: 10115: 10114: 10112: 10111: 10106: 10101: 10096: 10094:Northern Irish 10091: 10086: 10081: 10076: 10071: 10066: 10061: 10056: 10050: 10048: 10044: 10043: 10040: 10039: 10037: 10036: 10031: 10026: 10021: 10015: 10013: 10009: 10008: 10006: 10005: 10000: 9995: 9990: 9985: 9979: 9977: 9971: 9970: 9968: 9967: 9962: 9957: 9952: 9947: 9941: 9939: 9933: 9932: 9930: 9929: 9924: 9918: 9916: 9907: 9900: 9896: 9895: 9892: 9891: 9889: 9888: 9883: 9878: 9873: 9868: 9867: 9866: 9856: 9850: 9848: 9844: 9843: 9841: 9840: 9835: 9830: 9825: 9824: 9823: 9818: 9813: 9808: 9801:United Kingdom 9798: 9792: 9790: 9789:Current states 9786: 9785: 9783: 9782: 9776: 9774: 9767: 9755: 9754: 9751: 9750: 9748: 9747: 9746: 9745: 9740: 9735: 9728:United Kingdom 9725: 9720: 9715: 9710: 9704: 9702: 9698: 9697: 9695: 9694: 9689: 9688: 9687: 9682: 9675:Northern Isles 9672: 9667: 9662: 9661: 9660: 9655: 9645: 9640: 9635: 9629: 9627: 9620: 9616: 9615: 9612: 9611: 9609: 9608: 9603: 9598: 9593: 9588: 9582: 9580: 9576: 9575: 9573: 9572: 9567: 9562: 9556: 9554: 9548: 9547: 9545: 9544: 9538: 9533: 9528: 9522:United Kingdom 9519: 9513: 9511: 9502: 9498: 9497: 9495: 9494: 9493: 9492: 9487: 9482: 9477: 9472: 9467: 9462: 9452: 9446: 9443: 9442: 9435: 9434: 9427: 9420: 9412: 9403: 9402: 9399: 9398: 9396: 9395: 9390: 9385: 9380: 9375: 9370: 9365: 9360: 9355: 9350: 9345: 9340: 9335: 9330: 9325: 9320: 9315: 9310: 9305: 9300: 9295: 9290: 9285: 9280: 9275: 9270: 9265: 9260: 9255: 9250: 9245: 9240: 9235: 9230: 9225: 9220: 9215: 9210: 9205: 9200: 9195: 9190: 9185: 9179: 9177: 9171: 9170: 9168: 9167: 9162: 9157: 9152: 9147: 9142: 9137: 9132: 9127: 9122: 9117: 9112: 9107: 9102: 9097: 9092: 9087: 9082: 9077: 9072: 9067: 9062: 9057: 9052: 9047: 9042: 9037: 9032: 9027: 9022: 9017: 9012: 9007: 9002: 8997: 8991: 8989: 8983: 8982: 8980: 8979: 8974: 8969: 8964: 8959: 8954: 8949: 8944: 8939: 8934: 8929: 8924: 8919: 8914: 8908: 8906: 8900: 8899: 8897: 8896: 8891: 8886: 8881: 8876: 8871: 8866: 8860: 8858: 8851: 8845: 8844: 8842: 8841: 8813: 8781: 8745: 8721: 8689: 8653: 8617: 8577: 8541: 8509: 8473: 8437: 8405: 8365: 8349: 8329: 8313: 8300: 8298: 8290: 8289: 8287: 8286: 8281: 8276: 8271: 8266: 8261: 8256: 8251: 8246: 8241: 8236: 8231: 8226: 8221: 8216: 8211: 8206: 8201: 8196: 8191: 8186: 8181: 8176: 8171: 8166: 8161: 8156: 8151: 8146: 8141: 8136: 8131: 8126: 8121: 8116: 8111: 8106: 8101: 8096: 8091: 8086: 8081: 8076: 8071: 8066: 8061: 8056: 8051: 8046: 8041: 8036: 8031: 8026: 8021: 8015: 8013: 8005: 8004: 7996: 7995: 7988: 7981: 7973: 7964: 7963: 7961: 7960: 7955: 7950: 7945: 7940: 7935: 7930: 7925: 7920: 7915: 7910: 7905: 7900: 7895: 7890: 7885: 7880: 7875: 7870: 7865: 7860: 7855: 7850: 7845: 7840: 7835: 7830: 7825: 7820: 7815: 7810: 7805: 7800: 7795: 7790: 7785: 7780: 7775: 7770: 7765: 7760: 7755: 7750: 7745: 7740: 7735: 7730: 7725: 7720: 7715: 7710: 7705: 7700: 7695: 7690: 7685: 7680: 7675: 7670: 7665: 7660: 7655: 7650: 7645: 7640: 7635: 7630: 7625: 7620: 7615: 7610: 7605: 7600: 7595: 7590: 7585: 7580: 7575: 7570: 7565: 7560: 7555: 7550: 7545: 7540: 7535: 7530: 7525: 7520: 7515: 7510: 7505: 7500: 7495: 7489: 7487: 7483: 7482: 7475:(1707–1800) → 7468: 7467: 7460: 7453: 7445: 7439: 7436: 7435: 7423: 7422: 7420: 7419: 7414: 7408: 7406: 7402: 7401: 7399: 7398: 7393: 7388: 7383: 7378: 7373: 7368: 7366:British Empire 7363: 7357: 7355: 7351: 7350: 7348: 7347: 7342: 7337: 7332: 7327: 7321: 7319: 7315: 7314: 7312: 7311: 7306: 7300: 7298: 7294: 7293: 7291: 7290: 7289: 7288: 7283: 7278: 7267: 7265: 7261: 7260: 7258: 7257: 7252: 7247: 7242: 7237: 7232: 7231: 7230: 7223:Prime Minister 7220: 7215: 7210: 7205: 7204: 7203: 7198: 7193: 7188: 7183: 7178: 7173: 7168: 7163: 7158: 7153: 7148: 7143: 7138: 7133: 7128: 7123: 7113: 7112: 7111: 7106: 7101: 7096: 7091: 7086: 7081: 7076: 7071: 7066: 7061: 7056: 7051: 7046: 7041: 7036: 7031: 7026: 7021: 7016: 7011: 7006: 7001: 6996: 6991: 6986: 6981: 6976: 6971: 6966: 6961: 6956: 6951: 6946: 6941: 6936: 6931: 6926: 6921: 6916: 6911: 6906: 6901: 6896: 6891: 6886: 6881: 6876: 6871: 6866: 6861: 6856: 6851: 6846: 6836: 6831: 6830: 6829: 6824: 6822:House of Lords 6813: 6811: 6807: 6806: 6804: 6803: 6802: 6801: 6796: 6791: 6781: 6780: 6779: 6768: 6766: 6762: 6761: 6751: 6749: 6747: 6746: 6741: 6740: 6739: 6729: 6724: 6723: 6722: 6712: 6707: 6706: 6705: 6700: 6695: 6690: 6689: 6688: 6678: 6673: 6668: 6662:External wars 6660: 6659: 6658: 6653: 6644: 6642: 6638: 6637: 6623: 6622: 6615: 6608: 6600: 6592: 6591: 6584: 6581: 6574: 6555: 6549: 6548: 6543: 6538: 6527: 6526:External links 6524: 6523: 6522: 6516: 6503: 6494: 6458: 6440:(4): 691–732. 6429: 6419:(8): 843–865. 6408: 6398:(3): 742–764. 6387: 6367:10.1086/385878 6335: 6334:Historiography 6332: 6331: 6330: 6329: 6328: 6299: 6270: 6241: 6212: 6183: 6140: 6131: 6120: 6080: 6068: 6062: 6047: 6038: 6032: 6016: 6007: 6002: 5982: 5942: 5933: 5924: 5918: 5905: 5896: 5885: 5879: 5867:Langford, Paul 5863: 5853: 5835: 5829: 5813: 5807: 5791: 5785: 5772: 5766: 5753: 5747: 5731: 5725: 5710: 5704: 5686: 5683: 5682: 5681: 5676: 5660: 5654: 5638: 5632: 5614: 5606:Plumb, John H. 5602: 5593: 5585:Langford, Paul 5581: 5567: 5551: 5545: 5533:Hoppit, Julian 5529: 5513: 5507: 5490: 5484: 5462: 5459: 5456: 5455: 5440: 5425: 5404: 5389: 5366: 5351: 5318: 5291:(3): 885–894. 5281:Simms, Brendan 5264: 5246: 5231: 5184:Church History 5174: 5159: 5138: 5103: 5068: 5060: 5039: 5021: 5014: 4996: 4989: 4971: 4958: 4951: 4929: 4927:, p. 119. 4917: 4899: 4893: 4872: 4857: 4839: 4816: 4809: 4795:Simms, Brendan 4786: 4771: 4753: 4738: 4723: 4705: 4690: 4672: 4653: 4651:, p. 410. 4641: 4629: 4627:, p. 203. 4617: 4605: 4590: 4565: 4549: 4537: 4523: 4502: 4490: 4482:Robertson 1911 4474: 4460: 4435: 4415: 4400: 4385: 4363: 4348: 4323: 4305:(4): 601–614, 4289: 4274: 4252: 4240: 4226: 4208: 4198:(3): 262–297, 4182: 4167: 4141: 4129: 4096: 4074: 4062: 4050: 4036: 4011: 3999: 3983: 3950: 3926: 3914: 3899: 3878: 3860: 3853:, ed. (2003), 3842: 3830: 3823: 3801: 3794: 3776: 3757: 3745: 3743:, p. 147. 3733: 3721: 3715: 3701:Herman, Arthur 3693: 3683:, ed. (2003), 3672: 3657: 3645: 3633: 3621: 3568: 3540: 3465: 3452: 3420: 3373:on 27 May 2019 3358: 3343: 3324: 3309: 3284: 3272: 3257: 3236: 3210: 3179: 3178: 3176: 3173: 3170: 3169: 3157: 3148: 3139: 3122: 3110:royal colonies 3091: 3090: 3088: 3085: 3084: 3083: 3078: 3073: 3068: 3063: 3058: 3053: 3046: 3043: 3039: 3038: 3032: 3026: 3020: 3006:Queen of Scots 2986: 2979: 2978: 2971: 2964: 2963: 2962: 2957: 2950: 2949: 2942: 2935: 2934: 2933: 2926: 2925: 2924: 2923: 2921: 2918: 2898:House of Lords 2883: 2880: 2848: 2845: 2831: 2828: 2780: 2777: 2705: 2702: 2646: 2643: 2598:Main article: 2595: 2592: 2564: 2561: 2538:Dutch Republic 2446:Main article: 2443: 2440: 2423: 2420: 2401: 2398: 2359: 2356: 2269:Main article: 2266: 2263: 2255: 2252: 2204: 2201: 2191: 2188: 2146: 2143: 2105:William Arnall 2060: 2057: 2009:Main article: 2006: 2003: 1986:Earl of Orford 1961:Robert Walpole 1956: 1953: 1930: 1927: 1915:Robert Walpole 1903:James Stanhope 1859:colonial power 1840: 1837: 1836: 1835: 1790:King Louis XIV 1782:Dutch Republic 1767: 1764: 1759:ruling classes 1726: 1724: 1721: 1719: 1716: 1667: 1664: 1648:Scottish peers 1636:House of Lords 1538:personal union 1523: 1520: 1516:United Kingdom 1447:Middle English 1410: 1407: 1344:colonial India 1332:British Empire 1313:Augustan prose 1305:Augustan drama 1291:and the term " 1266:Robert Walpole 1262:prime minister 1228:Roman Catholic 1181:personal union 1122:Western Europe 1108: 1107: 1105: 1104: 1097: 1090: 1082: 1079: 1078: 1075: 1074: 1073: 1072: 1067: 1062: 1057: 1044: 1043: 1038: 1033: 1028: 1027: 1026: 1016: 1010: 1003: 1002: 999: 998: 995: 994: 989: 984: 979: 974: 969: 963: 956: 955: 952: 951: 948: 947: 946: 945: 935: 930: 925: 920: 915: 910: 904: 901: 900: 897: 896: 888: 887: 883: 882: 875: 868: 867: 865: 864: 857: 850: 842: 839: 838: 825: 824: 820: 819: 814: 809: 804: 799: 794: 792:Jewish history 789: 784: 779: 774: 768: 767: 764: 763: 760: 759: 755: 754: 749: 744: 739: 734: 729: 724: 719: 714: 709: 708: 707: 705:Regency period 702: 691: 690: 685: 684: 681: 680: 672: 671: 665: 664: 657: 650: 649: 647: 646: 645: 644: 639: 634: 627:United Kingdom 623: 621: 617: 616: 613: 612: 609: 608: 601: 592: 589: 588: 583: 575: 574: 569: 557: 556: 551: 541: 540: 538:Pound sterling 535: 531: 530: 527: 526: 523: 517: 514: 513: 510: 504: 501: 500: 497: 491: 488: 487: 484: 483: 478: 477:Historical era 474: 473: 468: 462: 459: 458: 456:House of Lords 453: 447: 444: 443: 438: 434: 433: 430: 429: 421: 418: 415: 414: 409:Robert Walpole 406: 403: 400: 399: 396: 395: 392: 387:Prime Minister 383: 382: 379: 378: 373: 370: 367: 366: 361: 358: 355: 354: 349: 346: 343: 342: 337: 334: 331: 330: 327: 326: 323: 317: 316: 310: 306: 305: 300: 294: 293: 277: 273: 272: 270: 269: 264: 259: 254: 249: 243: 241: 235: 234: 232: 231: 226: 220: 218: 214: 213: 205:51.500; -0.117 175: 171: 170: 168:in light green 155: 147: 146: 131: 130: 120: 106: 105: 84: 83: 74: 67: 66: 60: 53: 52: 51: 48: 47: 43: 42: 39: 29:United Kingdom 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10217: 10206: 10203: 10201: 10198: 10196: 10193: 10191: 10188: 10186: 10183: 10181: 10178: 10176: 10173: 10171: 10168: 10166: 10163: 10161: 10158: 10156: 10153: 10151: 10148: 10146: 10143: 10141: 10138: 10137: 10135: 10110: 10107: 10105: 10102: 10100: 10097: 10095: 10092: 10090: 10087: 10085: 10082: 10080: 10077: 10075: 10072: 10070: 10067: 10065: 10062: 10060: 10057: 10055: 10052: 10051: 10049: 10045: 10035: 10032: 10030: 10027: 10025: 10022: 10020: 10017: 10016: 10014: 10010: 10004: 10001: 9999: 9996: 9994: 9991: 9989: 9986: 9984: 9981: 9980: 9978: 9976: 9972: 9966: 9963: 9961: 9958: 9956: 9953: 9951: 9948: 9946: 9943: 9942: 9940: 9938: 9934: 9928: 9925: 9923: 9920: 9919: 9917: 9915: 9911: 9908: 9904: 9901: 9897: 9887: 9884: 9882: 9879: 9877: 9874: 9872: 9869: 9865: 9862: 9861: 9860: 9857: 9855: 9852: 9851: 9849: 9847:Former states 9845: 9839: 9836: 9834: 9831: 9829: 9826: 9822: 9819: 9817: 9814: 9812: 9809: 9807: 9804: 9803: 9802: 9799: 9797: 9794: 9793: 9791: 9787: 9781: 9778: 9777: 9775: 9773:Island groups 9771: 9768: 9765: 9760: 9756: 9744: 9741: 9739: 9736: 9734: 9731: 9730: 9729: 9726: 9724: 9721: 9719: 9716: 9714: 9711: 9709: 9706: 9705: 9703: 9699: 9693: 9690: 9686: 9683: 9681: 9678: 9677: 9676: 9673: 9671: 9668: 9666: 9663: 9659: 9656: 9654: 9651: 9650: 9649: 9646: 9644: 9643:Great Britain 9641: 9639: 9636: 9634: 9631: 9630: 9628: 9626:Island groups 9624: 9621: 9617: 9607: 9604: 9602: 9599: 9597: 9594: 9592: 9589: 9587: 9584: 9583: 9581: 9577: 9571: 9568: 9566: 9563: 9561: 9558: 9557: 9555: 9553: 9549: 9542: 9539: 9537: 9534: 9532: 9529: 9527: 9523: 9520: 9518: 9515: 9514: 9512: 9510: 9506: 9503: 9499: 9491: 9488: 9486: 9483: 9481: 9478: 9476: 9473: 9471: 9468: 9466: 9463: 9461: 9458: 9457: 9456: 9453: 9451: 9448: 9447: 9444: 9440: 9439:British Isles 9433: 9428: 9426: 9421: 9419: 9414: 9413: 9410: 9394: 9391: 9389: 9386: 9384: 9381: 9379: 9376: 9374: 9371: 9369: 9366: 9364: 9361: 9359: 9356: 9354: 9351: 9349: 9346: 9344: 9341: 9339: 9336: 9334: 9331: 9329: 9326: 9324: 9321: 9319: 9316: 9314: 9311: 9309: 9306: 9304: 9301: 9299: 9296: 9294: 9291: 9289: 9286: 9284: 9281: 9279: 9276: 9274: 9271: 9269: 9266: 9264: 9261: 9259: 9256: 9254: 9251: 9249: 9246: 9244: 9241: 9239: 9236: 9234: 9231: 9229: 9226: 9224: 9221: 9219: 9216: 9214: 9211: 9209: 9206: 9204: 9201: 9199: 9196: 9194: 9191: 9189: 9186: 9184: 9181: 9180: 9178: 9172: 9166: 9163: 9161: 9158: 9156: 9153: 9151: 9148: 9146: 9143: 9141: 9138: 9136: 9133: 9131: 9128: 9126: 9123: 9121: 9118: 9116: 9113: 9111: 9108: 9106: 9103: 9101: 9098: 9096: 9093: 9091: 9088: 9086: 9083: 9081: 9078: 9076: 9073: 9071: 9068: 9066: 9063: 9061: 9058: 9056: 9053: 9051: 9048: 9046: 9043: 9041: 9038: 9036: 9033: 9031: 9028: 9026: 9023: 9021: 9018: 9016: 9013: 9011: 9008: 9006: 9003: 9001: 8998: 8996: 8993: 8992: 8990: 8984: 8978: 8975: 8973: 8970: 8968: 8965: 8963: 8960: 8958: 8955: 8953: 8950: 8948: 8945: 8943: 8940: 8938: 8935: 8933: 8930: 8928: 8925: 8923: 8920: 8918: 8915: 8913: 8910: 8909: 8907: 8901: 8895: 8892: 8890: 8887: 8885: 8882: 8880: 8877: 8875: 8872: 8870: 8867: 8865: 8862: 8861: 8859: 8855: 8852: 8846: 8838: 8834: 8830: 8826: 8822: 8818: 8814: 8810: 8806: 8802: 8798: 8794: 8790: 8786: 8782: 8778: 8774: 8770: 8766: 8762: 8758: 8754: 8750: 8746: 8742: 8738: 8734: 8730: 8726: 8722: 8718: 8714: 8710: 8706: 8702: 8698: 8694: 8690: 8686: 8682: 8678: 8674: 8670: 8666: 8662: 8658: 8654: 8650: 8646: 8642: 8638: 8634: 8630: 8626: 8622: 8618: 8614: 8610: 8606: 8602: 8598: 8594: 8590: 8586: 8582: 8578: 8574: 8570: 8566: 8562: 8558: 8554: 8550: 8546: 8542: 8538: 8534: 8530: 8526: 8522: 8518: 8514: 8510: 8506: 8502: 8498: 8494: 8490: 8486: 8482: 8478: 8474: 8470: 8466: 8462: 8458: 8454: 8450: 8446: 8442: 8438: 8434: 8430: 8426: 8422: 8418: 8414: 8410: 8406: 8402: 8398: 8394: 8390: 8386: 8382: 8378: 8374: 8370: 8366: 8362: 8358: 8354: 8350: 8346: 8342: 8338: 8334: 8330: 8326: 8322: 8318: 8314: 8310: 8306: 8302: 8301: 8299: 8295:by parliament 8291: 8285: 8282: 8280: 8277: 8275: 8272: 8270: 8267: 8265: 8262: 8260: 8257: 8255: 8252: 8250: 8247: 8245: 8242: 8240: 8237: 8235: 8232: 8230: 8227: 8225: 8222: 8220: 8217: 8215: 8212: 8210: 8207: 8205: 8202: 8200: 8197: 8195: 8192: 8190: 8187: 8185: 8182: 8180: 8177: 8175: 8172: 8170: 8167: 8165: 8162: 8160: 8157: 8155: 8152: 8150: 8147: 8145: 8142: 8140: 8137: 8135: 8132: 8130: 8127: 8125: 8122: 8120: 8117: 8115: 8112: 8110: 8107: 8105: 8102: 8100: 8097: 8095: 8092: 8090: 8087: 8085: 8082: 8080: 8077: 8075: 8072: 8070: 8067: 8065: 8062: 8060: 8057: 8055: 8052: 8050: 8047: 8045: 8042: 8040: 8037: 8035: 8032: 8030: 8027: 8025: 8022: 8020: 8017: 8016: 8014: 8010: 8006: 8002: 7994: 7989: 7987: 7982: 7980: 7975: 7974: 7971: 7959: 7956: 7954: 7951: 7949: 7946: 7944: 7941: 7939: 7936: 7934: 7931: 7929: 7926: 7924: 7921: 7919: 7916: 7914: 7911: 7909: 7906: 7904: 7901: 7899: 7896: 7894: 7891: 7889: 7886: 7884: 7881: 7879: 7876: 7874: 7871: 7869: 7866: 7864: 7861: 7859: 7856: 7854: 7851: 7849: 7846: 7844: 7841: 7839: 7836: 7834: 7831: 7829: 7826: 7824: 7821: 7819: 7816: 7814: 7811: 7809: 7806: 7804: 7801: 7799: 7796: 7794: 7791: 7789: 7786: 7784: 7781: 7779: 7776: 7774: 7771: 7769: 7766: 7764: 7761: 7759: 7756: 7754: 7751: 7749: 7746: 7744: 7741: 7739: 7736: 7734: 7731: 7729: 7726: 7724: 7721: 7719: 7716: 7714: 7711: 7709: 7706: 7704: 7701: 7699: 7696: 7694: 7691: 7689: 7686: 7684: 7681: 7679: 7676: 7674: 7671: 7669: 7666: 7664: 7661: 7659: 7656: 7654: 7651: 7649: 7646: 7644: 7641: 7639: 7636: 7634: 7631: 7629: 7626: 7624: 7621: 7619: 7616: 7614: 7611: 7609: 7606: 7604: 7601: 7599: 7596: 7594: 7591: 7589: 7586: 7584: 7581: 7579: 7576: 7574: 7571: 7569: 7566: 7564: 7561: 7559: 7556: 7554: 7551: 7549: 7546: 7544: 7541: 7539: 7536: 7534: 7531: 7529: 7526: 7524: 7521: 7519: 7516: 7514: 7511: 7509: 7506: 7504: 7501: 7499: 7496: 7494: 7491: 7490: 7488: 7484: 7479: 7474: 7473:Great Britain 7466: 7461: 7459: 7454: 7452: 7447: 7446: 7443: 7437: 7430: 7418: 7415: 7413: 7410: 7409: 7407: 7403: 7397: 7394: 7392: 7389: 7387: 7384: 7382: 7379: 7377: 7374: 7372: 7369: 7367: 7364: 7362: 7359: 7358: 7356: 7352: 7346: 7343: 7341: 7338: 7336: 7333: 7331: 7328: 7326: 7323: 7322: 7320: 7316: 7310: 7307: 7305: 7302: 7301: 7299: 7295: 7287: 7284: 7282: 7279: 7277: 7274: 7273: 7272: 7271:Great Britain 7269: 7268: 7266: 7262: 7256: 7253: 7251: 7250:Patriot Whigs 7248: 7246: 7243: 7241: 7238: 7236: 7233: 7229: 7226: 7225: 7224: 7221: 7219: 7218:Privy Council 7216: 7214: 7211: 7209: 7206: 7202: 7199: 7197: 7194: 7192: 7189: 7187: 7184: 7182: 7179: 7177: 7174: 7172: 7169: 7167: 7164: 7162: 7159: 7157: 7154: 7152: 7149: 7147: 7144: 7142: 7139: 7137: 7134: 7132: 7129: 7127: 7124: 7122: 7119: 7118: 7117: 7114: 7110: 7107: 7105: 7102: 7100: 7097: 7095: 7092: 7090: 7087: 7085: 7082: 7080: 7077: 7075: 7072: 7070: 7067: 7065: 7062: 7060: 7057: 7055: 7052: 7050: 7047: 7045: 7042: 7040: 7037: 7035: 7032: 7030: 7027: 7025: 7022: 7020: 7017: 7015: 7012: 7010: 7007: 7005: 7002: 7000: 6997: 6995: 6992: 6990: 6987: 6985: 6982: 6980: 6977: 6975: 6972: 6970: 6967: 6965: 6962: 6960: 6957: 6955: 6952: 6950: 6947: 6945: 6942: 6940: 6937: 6935: 6932: 6930: 6927: 6925: 6922: 6920: 6917: 6915: 6912: 6910: 6907: 6905: 6902: 6900: 6897: 6895: 6892: 6890: 6887: 6885: 6882: 6880: 6877: 6875: 6872: 6870: 6867: 6865: 6862: 6860: 6857: 6855: 6852: 6850: 6847: 6845: 6842: 6841: 6840: 6837: 6835: 6832: 6828: 6825: 6823: 6820: 6819: 6818: 6815: 6814: 6812: 6808: 6800: 6797: 6795: 6792: 6790: 6787: 6786: 6785: 6782: 6778: 6775: 6774: 6773: 6770: 6769: 6767: 6763: 6755: 6745: 6742: 6738: 6735: 6734: 6733: 6730: 6728: 6725: 6721: 6718: 6717: 6716: 6713: 6711: 6708: 6704: 6701: 6699: 6696: 6694: 6691: 6687: 6684: 6683: 6682: 6679: 6677: 6674: 6672: 6669: 6667: 6664: 6663: 6661: 6657: 6656:Union of 1801 6654: 6652: 6651:Union of 1707 6649: 6648: 6646: 6645: 6643: 6639: 6635: 6621: 6616: 6614: 6609: 6607: 6602: 6601: 6598: 6587: 6578: 6564: 6558: 6552: 6547: 6544: 6542: 6539: 6537: 6533: 6530: 6529: 6519: 6513: 6509: 6504: 6500: 6495: 6491: 6487: 6483: 6479: 6475: 6471: 6464: 6459: 6455: 6451: 6447: 6443: 6439: 6435: 6430: 6426: 6422: 6418: 6414: 6409: 6405: 6401: 6397: 6393: 6388: 6384: 6380: 6376: 6372: 6368: 6364: 6360: 6356: 6352: 6351:Black, Jeremy 6348: 6347: 6345: 6341: 6325: 6321: 6317: 6313: 6309: 6305: 6300: 6296: 6292: 6288: 6284: 6280: 6276: 6271: 6267: 6263: 6259: 6255: 6252:(61): 67–83. 6251: 6247: 6242: 6238: 6234: 6230: 6226: 6222: 6218: 6213: 6209: 6205: 6201: 6197: 6193: 6189: 6184: 6180: 6176: 6172: 6168: 6164: 6160: 6155: 6154: 6151: 6150: 6145: 6141: 6137: 6132: 6128: 6127: 6121: 6117: 6102: 6098: 6094: 6093: 6087: 6081: 6077: 6073: 6069: 6065: 6059: 6055: 6054: 6048: 6044: 6039: 6035: 6029: 6025: 6021: 6017: 6013: 6008: 6005: 5999: 5995: 5991: 5987: 5983: 5979: 5964: 5960: 5956: 5955: 5949: 5943: 5939: 5934: 5930: 5925: 5921: 5915: 5911: 5906: 5902: 5897: 5893: 5892: 5886: 5882: 5876: 5872: 5868: 5864: 5862: 5856: 5850: 5846: 5845: 5840: 5839:Hunt, William 5836: 5832: 5826: 5822: 5818: 5814: 5810: 5804: 5800: 5796: 5792: 5788: 5782: 5778: 5773: 5769: 5763: 5759: 5754: 5750: 5744: 5740: 5736: 5732: 5728: 5722: 5718: 5717: 5711: 5707: 5701: 5698:. Routledge. 5697: 5693: 5692:Black, Jeremy 5689: 5688: 5679: 5673: 5669: 5665: 5661: 5657: 5651: 5647: 5643: 5639: 5635: 5629: 5625: 5624: 5619: 5615: 5611: 5607: 5603: 5599: 5594: 5590: 5586: 5582: 5578: 5574: 5570: 5564: 5560: 5556: 5552: 5548: 5542: 5538: 5534: 5530: 5526: 5522: 5518: 5517:Costin, W. C. 5514: 5510: 5504: 5500: 5496: 5491: 5487: 5481: 5477: 5473: 5469: 5468:Black, Jeremy 5465: 5464: 5451: 5444: 5436: 5432: 5428: 5426:0-094-75540-X 5422: 5418: 5414: 5408: 5400: 5396: 5392: 5390:0-837-14533-3 5386: 5382: 5381: 5376: 5370: 5362: 5358: 5354: 5348: 5344: 5328: 5322: 5314: 5310: 5306: 5302: 5298: 5294: 5290: 5286: 5282: 5275: 5271: 5267: 5261: 5257: 5250: 5242: 5238: 5234: 5232:0-300-05737-7 5228: 5224: 5220: 5219:Colley, Linda 5213: 5209: 5205: 5201: 5197: 5193: 5190:(1): 98–131. 5189: 5185: 5178: 5170: 5166: 5162: 5156: 5152: 5148: 5142: 5134: 5130: 5126: 5122: 5114: 5107: 5099: 5095: 5091: 5087: 5083: 5079: 5072: 5063: 5057: 5053: 5049: 5043: 5035: 5033: 5025: 5017: 5011: 5007: 5000: 4992: 4986: 4982: 4975: 4968: 4962: 4954: 4948: 4944: 4940: 4933: 4926: 4921: 4913: 4909: 4903: 4896: 4890: 4886: 4882: 4881:Black, Jeremy 4876: 4868: 4864: 4860: 4854: 4850: 4843: 4835: 4831: 4827: 4820: 4812: 4810:9780465013326 4806: 4802: 4801: 4796: 4790: 4782: 4775: 4767: 4763: 4757: 4749: 4742: 4734: 4730: 4726: 4720: 4716: 4709: 4701: 4697: 4693: 4691:9780871138811 4687: 4683: 4676: 4668: 4664: 4663:Loades, David 4657: 4650: 4645: 4639:, p. 71. 4638: 4637:O'Gorman 1997 4633: 4626: 4621: 4614: 4613:Langford 1989 4609: 4601: 4597: 4593: 4587: 4583: 4579: 4575: 4569: 4562: 4561:Marshall 1974 4558: 4553: 4546: 4545:Williams 1962 4541: 4534: 4530: 4526: 4524:0-837-15333-6 4520: 4516: 4512: 4506: 4499: 4494: 4487: 4483: 4478: 4471: 4467: 4463: 4457: 4453: 4449: 4448:Black, Jeremy 4445: 4444:Black, Jeremy 4439: 4432: 4431:Marshall 1974 4428: 4424: 4423:Langford 1989 4419: 4412:, vol. 1 4411: 4404: 4396: 4392: 4388: 4382: 4378: 4374: 4367: 4359: 4355: 4351: 4345: 4341: 4337: 4333: 4332:Leonard, Dick 4327: 4320: 4316: 4312: 4308: 4304: 4300: 4293: 4285: 4281: 4277: 4271: 4267: 4263: 4256: 4250:, p. 68. 4249: 4244: 4237: 4233: 4229: 4223: 4219: 4212: 4205: 4201: 4197: 4193: 4186: 4178: 4174: 4170: 4164: 4160: 4155: 4154: 4145: 4138: 4137:Marshall 1974 4133: 4117: 4110: 4103: 4101: 4091: 4090: 4081: 4079: 4071: 4066: 4059: 4058:Williams 1962 4054: 4047: 4043: 4039: 4033: 4029: 4025: 4021: 4015: 4008: 4007:Williams 1962 4003: 3996: 3992: 3987: 3979: 3971: 3967: 3963: 3962: 3954: 3947: 3943: 3939: 3938:Williams 1962 3935: 3934:Marshall 1974 3930: 3923: 3918: 3910: 3906: 3902: 3900:0-812-96761-5 3896: 3892: 3888: 3882: 3875:, p. 363 3874: 3870: 3864: 3856: 3852: 3851:Loades, David 3846: 3839: 3834: 3826: 3820: 3816: 3812: 3805: 3797: 3791: 3787: 3780: 3773: 3769: 3766: 3761: 3754: 3753:Williams 1962 3749: 3742: 3737: 3730: 3725: 3718: 3712: 3708: 3707: 3702: 3696: 3690: 3686: 3682: 3676: 3669: 3668:Williams 1962 3664: 3662: 3654: 3653:Williams 1962 3649: 3642: 3637: 3630: 3625: 3617: 3609: 3602: 3598: 3582: 3578: 3572: 3564: 3558: 3554: 3550: 3544: 3536: 3532: 3528: 3521: 3517: 3516: 3511: 3497: 3493: 3486: 3482: 3475: 3469: 3462: 3459:Henry Paton, 3456: 3449: 3445: 3439: 3437: 3436:Great Britain 3431: 3424: 3417: 3402: 3387: 3372: 3368: 3362: 3354: 3347: 3339: 3335: 3328: 3320: 3313: 3306: 3301: 3300: 3295: 3288: 3281: 3276: 3268: 3264: 3260: 3258:9781139494090 3254: 3250: 3246: 3240: 3225: 3221: 3214: 3198: 3194: 3190: 3184: 3180: 3164: 3162: 3152: 3143: 3136: 3132: 3126: 3119: 3115: 3111: 3107: 3103: 3096: 3092: 3082: 3079: 3077: 3074: 3072: 3069: 3067: 3064: 3062: 3059: 3057: 3054: 3052: 3049: 3048: 3042: 3036: 3033: 3030: 3027: 3024: 3021: 3018: 3015: 3014: 3013: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2997: 2983: 2975: 2968: 2954: 2946: 2939: 2930: 2929:Coats of arms 2917: 2915: 2911: 2907: 2903: 2899: 2893: 2889: 2879: 2877: 2873: 2869: 2865: 2860: 2858: 2854: 2844: 2842: 2838: 2827: 2824: 2817: 2816: 2811: 2807: 2803: 2799: 2794: 2790: 2786: 2776: 2774: 2770: 2765: 2761: 2757: 2753: 2749: 2748:Carnatic Wars 2746:) during the 2745: 2741: 2737: 2736:Mughal Empire 2733: 2729: 2722: 2718: 2714: 2710: 2701: 2699: 2695: 2690: 2688: 2683: 2678: 2674: 2670: 2666: 2660: 2656: 2652: 2642: 2639: 2638:New Brunswick 2635: 2631: 2626: 2623: 2619: 2615: 2611: 2607: 2601: 2591: 2588: 2584: 2580: 2579: 2574: 2570: 2560: 2557: 2555: 2554:United States 2551: 2547: 2543: 2539: 2535: 2531: 2527: 2522: 2520: 2516: 2512: 2508: 2504: 2499: 2497: 2493: 2489: 2485: 2481: 2478:began at the 2477: 2473: 2469: 2465: 2459: 2455: 2449: 2439: 2437: 2436:New York City 2433: 2432:New Amsterdam 2428: 2419: 2417: 2416:British India 2413: 2407: 2397: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2382: 2380: 2376: 2371: 2365: 2355: 2353: 2349: 2345: 2341: 2337: 2333: 2329: 2324: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2310: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2286: 2282: 2278: 2272: 2261: 2250: 2248: 2242: 2239: 2238:Julian Hoppit 2234: 2228: 2223: 2221: 2214: 2209: 2200: 2198: 2187: 2185: 2180: 2178: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2156: 2152: 2142: 2137: 2132: 2130: 2129:Samuel Sandys 2125: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2111: 2106: 2102: 2101:Country Party 2097: 2093: 2088: 2086: 2085:John H. Plumb 2081: 2079: 2078:Houghton Hall 2075: 2070: 2065: 2056: 2050: 2049:Houghton Hall 2045: 2041: 2039: 2035: 2031: 2030:Lord Stanhope 2027: 2023: 2017: 2012: 2001: 1997: 1995: 1991: 1987: 1983: 1982:landed gentry 1976: 1971: 1966: 1962: 1951: 1947: 1945: 1939: 1936: 1926: 1924: 1920: 1919:habeas corpus 1916: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1899: 1895: 1891: 1890:standing army 1887: 1883: 1882:landed gentry 1879: 1875: 1870: 1868: 1864: 1860: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1832: 1831: 1830: 1828: 1824: 1820: 1816: 1812: 1808: 1803: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1779: 1773: 1763: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1747: 1743: 1734: 1730: 1715: 1713: 1709: 1705: 1701: 1697: 1693: 1689: 1685: 1681: 1677: 1674:of 1495, the 1673: 1672:Poynings' Law 1663: 1659: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1644:English peers 1641: 1637: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1617: 1612: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1586: 1582: 1578: 1574: 1570: 1565: 1563: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1539: 1533: 1529: 1519: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1496: 1494: 1490: 1489:Great Britain 1485: 1484:Acts of Union 1481: 1476: 1474: 1470: 1466: 1461: 1459: 1458:Great Britain 1455: 1451: 1448: 1444: 1441: 1440:Modern French 1438:(whence also 1437: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1416: 1406: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1392: 1387: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1337: 1333: 1329: 1324: 1322: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1306: 1302: 1298: 1294: 1290: 1285: 1283: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1238: 1236: 1232: 1229: 1225: 1221: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1177: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1158:unitary state 1155: 1151: 1147: 1146:Great Britain 1143: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1123: 1119: 1115: 1103: 1098: 1096: 1091: 1089: 1084: 1083: 1081: 1080: 1071: 1068: 1066: 1063: 1061: 1058: 1056: 1053: 1052: 1051: 1050: 1046: 1045: 1042: 1039: 1037: 1034: 1032: 1031:Carnatic Wars 1029: 1025: 1022: 1021: 1020: 1017: 1015: 1012: 1011: 1008: 1007: 1001: 1000: 993: 990: 988: 985: 983: 980: 978: 975: 973: 970: 968: 965: 964: 961: 960: 954: 953: 944: 941: 940: 939: 936: 934: 931: 929: 926: 924: 921: 919: 916: 914: 911: 909: 906: 905: 899: 898: 894: 890: 889: 885: 884: 879: 874: 873: 863: 858: 856: 851: 849: 844: 843: 841: 840: 837: 827: 826: 818: 815: 813: 810: 808: 805: 803: 800: 798: 795: 793: 790: 788: 785: 783: 780: 778: 775: 773: 770: 769: 762: 761: 753: 750: 748: 745: 743: 740: 738: 735: 733: 730: 728: 725: 723: 720: 718: 715: 713: 710: 706: 703: 701: 698: 697: 696: 693: 692: 688: 683: 682: 678: 674: 673: 670: 667: 666: 661: 656: 655: 643: 640: 638: 635: 633: 630: 629: 628: 625: 624: 622: 620:Today part of 618: 602: 600: 597: 596: 593: 587: 584: 577: 576: 573: 570: 563: 562: 559: 558: 555: 552: 550: 547: 546: 542: 539: 536: 532: 528: 524: 521: 515: 511: 508: 507:Acts of Union 502: 498: 495: 489: 485: 482: 479: 475: 472: 469: 466: 460: 457: 454: 451: 445: 442: 439: 435: 431: 425: 422: 416: 410: 407: 401: 397: 393: 388: 384: 380: 377: 374: 368: 365: 362: 356: 353: 350: 344: 341: 338: 332: 328: 324: 322: 318: 315: 311: 307: 304: 301: 299: 295: 290: 286: 281: 280:Protestantism 278: 274: 268: 265: 263: 260: 258: 255: 253: 250: 248: 245: 244: 242: 236: 230: 227: 225: 222: 221: 219: 215: 209: 179: 176: 172: 167: 163: 159: 153: 148: 144: 139: 137: 132: 115: 111: 107: 95: 89: 85: 79: 71: 63: 57: 49: 44: 37: 34: 30: 26: 22: 21:Great Britain 10104:Ulster-Scots 9870: 8816: 8784: 8748: 8724: 8692: 8656: 8620: 8580: 8544: 8512: 8476: 8440: 8408: 8368: 8352: 8332: 8316: 8304: 7478:1801–present 7472: 7297:Architecture 7255:Kit-Cat Club 6765:Royal houses 6666:Seven Years' 6633: 6576: 6572:– 1 May 1707 6507: 6498: 6473: 6469: 6437: 6433: 6416: 6412: 6395: 6391: 6361:(1): 26–53. 6358: 6354: 6307: 6303: 6278: 6274: 6249: 6245: 6220: 6216: 6191: 6187: 6162: 6158: 6148: 6135: 6125: 6106:22 September 6104:. Retrieved 6090: 6075: 6052: 6042: 6023: 6011: 5993: 5986:Porter, A.N. 5968:22 September 5966:. Retrieved 5952: 5937: 5928: 5909: 5900: 5890: 5870: 5843: 5820: 5817:Hilton, Boyd 5798: 5776: 5757: 5738: 5735:Cannon, John 5715: 5695: 5667: 5645: 5622: 5609: 5597: 5588: 5558: 5536: 5524: 5498: 5471: 5449: 5443: 5416: 5413:Ehrman, John 5407: 5379: 5369: 5342: 5331:. Retrieved 5321: 5288: 5284: 5255: 5249: 5222: 5187: 5183: 5177: 5150: 5141: 5124: 5120: 5115:. Routledge. 5112: 5106: 5081: 5077: 5071: 5051: 5042: 5030: 5024: 5005: 4999: 4980: 4974: 4966: 4961: 4942: 4932: 4920: 4911: 4902: 4884: 4875: 4848: 4842: 4825: 4819: 4799: 4789: 4780: 4774: 4765: 4756: 4747: 4741: 4714: 4708: 4681: 4675: 4666: 4656: 4644: 4632: 4620: 4608: 4577: 4568: 4552: 4540: 4514: 4505: 4493: 4477: 4451: 4438: 4418: 4409: 4403: 4372: 4366: 4335: 4326: 4302: 4298: 4292: 4261: 4255: 4243: 4217: 4211: 4195: 4191: 4185: 4152: 4144: 4132: 4120:. Retrieved 4115: 4088: 4065: 4053: 4027: 4014: 4002: 3986: 3959: 3953: 3929: 3917: 3890: 3881: 3872: 3863: 3854: 3845: 3833: 3810: 3804: 3785: 3779: 3760: 3748: 3736: 3724: 3704: 3684: 3675: 3648: 3643:, Article 3. 3636: 3631:, Article 1. 3624: 3614: 3596: 3585:. Retrieved 3571: 3556: 3552: 3543: 3535:the original 3520:the original 3513: 3499:. Retrieved 3495: 3484: 3468: 3460: 3455: 3447: 3443: 3435: 3433: 3429: 3423: 3415: 3404:. Retrieved 3390:. Retrieved 3375:. Retrieved 3371:the original 3361: 3352: 3346: 3333: 3327: 3318: 3312: 3303: 3297: 3287: 3279: 3275: 3248: 3239: 3227:. Retrieved 3223: 3213: 3201:. Retrieved 3192: 3183: 3151: 3142: 3135:Anglo-Norman 3125: 3117: 3113: 3112:. The words 3108:for certain 3106:royal anthem 3102:proclamation 3095: 3056:Georgian era 3040: 3012:since 1702. 2999: 2895: 2861: 2850: 2833: 2820: 2813: 2812:'s painting 2810:Anton Hickel 2760:Robert Clive 2743: 2726: 2692:In 1787 the 2691: 2673:Joseph Banks 2662: 2634:Sierra Leone 2627: 2603: 2587:mercantilist 2576: 2566: 2558: 2523: 2500: 2484:British Army 2461: 2427:Mercantilism 2425: 2409: 2394:Clapham Sect 2383: 2367: 2325: 2274: 2244: 2230: 2225: 2217: 2193: 2181: 2158: 2139: 2134: 2126: 2114:William Pitt 2098: 2095: 2090: 2082: 2062: 2053: 2018: 2014: 1999: 1990:Henry Pelham 1979: 1973:Walpole, by 1949: 1940: 1935:Jeremy Black 1932: 1878:ruling class 1871: 1856: 1849:Georgian era 1811:Newfoundland 1775: 1739: 1669: 1660: 1613: 1566: 1535: 1515: 1511: 1497: 1488: 1477: 1472: 1464: 1462: 1457: 1453: 1449: 1442: 1435: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1418: 1388: 1356:Lower Canada 1325: 1321:Roman Empire 1299:. The term " 1289:Georgian era 1286: 1239: 1178: 1113: 1111: 1047: 1004: 972:Dummer's War 957: 797:LGBT history 554:Succeeded by 553: 548: 499:22 July 1706 481:Early modern 427:(last of GB) 134: 118:(since 1745) 109: 88:Motto: 87: 76:Coat of arms 33: 9993:Guernésiais 9838:Isle of Man 9723:Isle of Man 9670:Isle of Man 9570:Isle of Man 9455:Terminology 8850:regnal year 8297:and session 7325:Periodicals 6671:Jenkins Ear 6020:Porter, Roy 5495:Speck, W.A. 4762:Briggs, Asa 4649:Hoppit 2000 4574:Ward, A. W. 4425:, pp. 4070:Taylor 2008 3993:, pp. 3942:Hoppit 2000 3838:Hoppit 2000 3788:. Longman. 3501:31 December 3305:Britain..." 3203:19 November 3031:(1727–1760) 3025:(1714–1727) 3019:(1707–1714) 2694:First Fleet 2687:Lord Sydney 2682:James Matra 2390:Hannah More 2375:John Wesley 2309:Quebec City 2307:, captured 2283:in Europe, 2220:W. A. Speck 2110:Lord Cobham 1975:Arthur Pond 1898:Earl of Mar 1874:W. A. Speck 1792:of France. 1776:During the 1558:Isle of Man 1456:. The term 1372:First Fleet 1272:, an early 1170:English law 1150:Isle of Man 1136:(including 1041:Bourbon War 549:Preceded by 465:Lower house 450:Upper house 437:Legislature 203: / 162:Isle of Man 78:(1714—1800) 10134:Categories 10003:Sercquiais 9175:George III 7417:Royal arms 7376:Window tax 7318:Literature 7304:Queen Anne 7245:Whig Junto 7116:Elections: 6817:Parliament 6799:George III 6715:Jacobitism 6710:Whig plots 6570: 843 6118:required.) 6072:Speck, W.A 5980:required.) 5642:Speck, W.A 5561:. Abacus. 4925:James 1994 4858:0275967727 4724:0670034541 4717:. Viking. 4625:Speck 1977 4498:Black 2016 4484:, p. 4248:Plumb 1950 4122:16 January 3991:Black 2016 3980:required.) 3946:Speck 1977 3922:Speck 1977 3616:conference 3599:. p. 3175:References 3131:Old Norman 3071:Jacobitism 3035:George III 2927:Monarchs' 2908:) and the 2841:Royal Navy 2713:Lord Clive 2677:Botany Bay 2665:James Cook 2614:Quebec Act 2606:New France 2583:free trade 2573:Adam Smith 2546:George III 2452:See also: 2344:New France 2047:Walpole's 1794:Queen Anne 1742:Queen Anne 1733:Queen Anne 1548:under the 1433:Old French 1399:George III 1278:Jacobitism 1220:Protestant 1209:Queen Anne 1162:parliament 902:Other wars 777:Labour law 512:1 May 1707 376:George III 309:Government 298:Demonym(s) 229:Law French 9983:Auregnais 9619:Geography 9383:39 Geo. 3 9378:38 Geo. 3 9373:37 Geo. 3 9368:36 Geo. 3 9363:35 Geo. 3 9358:34 Geo. 3 9353:33 Geo. 3 9348:32 Geo. 3 9343:31 Geo. 3 9338:30 Geo. 3 9333:29 Geo. 3 9328:28 Geo. 3 9323:27 Geo. 3 9318:26 Geo. 3 9313:25 Geo. 3 9298:23 Geo. 3 9293:22 Geo. 3 9288:21 Geo. 3 9283:20 Geo. 3 9278:19 Geo. 3 9273:18 Geo. 3 9268:17 Geo. 3 9263:16 Geo. 3 9258:15 Geo. 3 9253:14 Geo. 3 9248:13 Geo. 3 9243:12 Geo. 3 9238:11 Geo. 3 9233:10 Geo. 3 9165:33 Geo. 2 9160:32 Geo. 2 9155:31 Geo. 2 9150:30 Geo. 2 9145:29 Geo. 2 9140:28 Geo. 2 9130:27 Geo. 2 9125:26 Geo. 2 9120:25 Geo. 2 9115:24 Geo. 2 9110:23 Geo. 2 9105:22 Geo. 2 9100:21 Geo. 2 9095:20 Geo. 2 9090:19 Geo. 2 9085:18 Geo. 2 9080:17 Geo. 2 9075:16 Geo. 2 9070:15 Geo. 2 9065:14 Geo. 2 9060:13 Geo. 2 9055:12 Geo. 2 9050:11 Geo. 2 9045:10 Geo. 2 8987:George II 8977:13 Geo. 1 8972:12 Geo. 1 8967:11 Geo. 1 8962:10 Geo. 1 8104:1760–1764 8099:1755–1759 8094:1750–1754 8089:1745–1749 8084:1740–1744 8079:1735–1739 8074:1730–1734 8069:1725–1729 8064:1720–1724 8059:1715–1719 7486:1707–1800 7471:Years in 7264:Geography 6929:1760–1764 6924:1755–1759 6919:1750–1754 6914:1745–1749 6909:1740–1744 6904:1735–1739 6899:1730–1734 6894:1725–1729 6889:1720–1724 6884:1715–1719 6794:George II 6490:159984575 6383:145307952 5992:(1989) , 5841:(2019) . 5435:21936112M 5313:162840420 5274:34606684M 5212:146522059 5169:30961773M 5098:143682560 4700:24769108M 4395:36708739M 4358:37125742M 4284:29578545M 3321:, Ashgate 3267:27576009M 2872:patronage 2717:Mir Jafar 2645:Australia 2590:success. 2496:The Crown 2231:He was a 2169:Louis XIV 2069:sinecures 1819:Gibraltar 1714:in 1801. 1640:the Crown 1611:in 1714. 1493:Charles I 1436:Bretaigne 1429:Brittānia 1425:Britannia 1419:The name 1409:Etymology 1380:Australia 1280:ended in 1237:of 1688. 1174:Scots law 364:George II 276:Religion 46:1707–1800 10099:Scottish 9998:Jèrriais 9914:Germanic 9828:Guernsey 9816:Scotland 9738:Scotland 9685:Shetland 9648:Hebrides 9536:Scotland 9501:Politics 9490:Hibernia 9228:9 Geo. 3 9218:8 Geo. 3 9213:7 Geo. 3 9208:6 Geo. 3 9203:5 Geo. 3 9198:4 Geo. 3 9193:3 Geo. 3 9188:2 Geo. 3 9183:1 Geo. 3 9040:9 Geo. 2 9035:8 Geo. 2 9030:7 Geo. 2 9025:6 Geo. 2 9020:5 Geo. 2 9015:4 Geo. 2 9010:3 Geo. 2 9005:2 Geo. 2 8957:9 Geo. 1 8952:8 Geo. 1 8937:6 Geo. 1 8932:5 Geo. 1 8927:4 Geo. 1 8922:3 Geo. 1 8904:George I 7309:Georgian 7281:Scotland 7208:Monarchy 6810:Politics 6789:George I 6737:Scotland 6146:(1939). 6074:(1998). 6022:(1990). 5869:(1976). 5819:(2008). 5797:(1995). 5737:(1984). 5694:(2002). 5666:(1962), 5644:(1977). 5620:(1911). 5608:(1950). 5587:(1989). 5577:9642159M 5557:(1994). 5535:(2000). 5497:(2001). 5470:(2016). 5415:(1996). 5399:5756027M 5377:(1911). 5333:23 April 5241:1711290M 5221:(1992). 5149:(2013). 4910:(1998). 4883:(1991), 4834:5951089M 4797:(2008). 4764:(1959). 4733:3426544M 4600:7716876M 4533:5703043M 4513:(1936), 4470:2348433M 4334:(2010). 4236:2863417M 4177:5069181M 4046:3505103M 3909:3702796M 3889:(2003). 3871:(1942), 3768:Archived 3703:(2001), 3247:(2011). 3197:Archived 3045:See also 2920:Monarchs 2906:Temporal 2830:Napoleon 2698:convicts 2528:general 2352:enclaves 2173:Louis XV 1834:Britain. 1829:argued: 1784:and the 1622:and the 1591:and the 1560:and the 1469:Brittany 1465:Bretagne 1454:Breteyne 1450:Bretayne 1443:Bretagne 1293:Georgian 1203:and the 1152:and the 1142:Scotland 878:a series 876:Part of 817:Taxation 687:Timeline 660:a series 658:Part of 637:Scotland 534:Currency 390:(select) 352:George I 101:(French) 10064:English 10059:Cornish 10054:British 9975:Romance 9945:Cornish 9922:English 9899:Society 9806:England 9796:Ireland 9780:Ireland 9764:outline 9759:History 9733:England 9713:Ireland 9665:Ireland 9526:England 9517:Ireland 9480:Britain 9475:Prydain 8894:13 Ann. 8889:12 Ann. 8884:10 Ann. 8848:Acts by 8012:by year 7405:Symbols 7276:England 6784:Hanover 6641:History 6454:1923211 5461:Sources 5361:403106M 5305:2639908 5204:3654412 4450:(ed.), 4319:2709276 4159:254–260 4026:(ed.), 3587:18 July 3406:18 July 3392:18 July 3377:18 July 2853:Ireland 2847:Ireland 2806:Commons 2723:in 1757 2608:became 2490:in the 2434:(later 2120:joined 2087:wrote: 2064:Walpole 1823:Menorca 1718:History 1544:. This 1542:James I 1421:Britain 1191:became 1187:" when 1164:at the 1134:England 632:England 518:• 505:• 492:• 463:• 448:• 412:(first) 321:Monarch 303:British 267:Cornish 224:English 188:51°30′N 174:Capital 112: " 110:Anthem: 10047:People 10034:Shelta 9988:French 9937:Celtic 9833:Jersey 9680:Orkney 9565:Jersey 9465:Albion 8879:9 Ann. 8874:8 Ann. 8869:7 Ann. 8864:6 Ann. 7240:Tories 6772:Stuart 6514: 6488: 6452: 6381: 6375:175553 6373: 6324:549205 6322: 6295:548655 6293: 6266:549509 6264: 6237:548535 6235: 6208:549078 6206: 6179:548451 6177: 6112: 6060: 6030: 6000: 5974: 5916: 5877: 5851: 5827: 5805: 5783: 5764: 5745: 5723: 5702: 5674: 5652: 5630: 5575: 5565: 5543: 5505: 5482: 5433: 5423: 5397: 5387: 5359: 5349: 5311: 5303: 5272: 5262: 5239: 5229: 5210: 5202: 5167: 5157: 5096: 5058: 5012: 4987: 4969:(2012) 4949: 4891: 4867:40897M 4865: 4855: 4832: 4807: 4731: 4721: 4698: 4688: 4598: 4588: 4531: 4521: 4468: 4458: 4393: 4383: 4356: 4346: 4317: 4282: 4272: 4234: 4224: 4175: 4165: 4044: 4034: 3974: 3907: 3897: 3821: 3792: 3713: 3691: 3565:. BBC. 3265: 3255: 3229:4 June 3008:, and 2791:, and 2773:sepoys 2764:Bengal 2669:voyage 2657:, and 2610:Quebec 2594:Canada 2540:, and 2536:, the 2534:France 2488:Boston 2315:, and 2024:, the 1913:, and 1909:, the 1851:, and 1815:Acadia 1638:, and 1634:, the 1502:, the 1445:) and 1348:France 1156:. The 1140:) and 1116:was a 880:on the 765:Topics 662:on the 394: 325: 178:London 160:, the 99: 10109:Welsh 10074:Irish 10012:Other 9965:Welsh 9955:Irish 9927:Scots 9821:Wales 9743:Wales 9658:Outer 9653:Inner 9541:Wales 9470:Cymru 9450:Names 7354:Other 7286:Wales 7235:Whigs 7213:Peers 6486:S2CID 6466:(PDF) 6450:JSTOR 6379:S2CID 6371:JSTOR 6320:JSTOR 6291:JSTOR 6262:JSTOR 6233:JSTOR 6204:JSTOR 6175:JSTOR 5859:also 5476:44–45 5309:S2CID 5301:JSTOR 5208:S2CID 5200:JSTOR 5094:S2CID 4427:54–57 4315:JSTOR 4268:–51. 4112:(PDF) 3995:44–45 3815:22–25 3611:(PDF) 3087:Notes 2728:India 2704:India 2542:Spain 2285:India 1352:Upper 1138:Wales 642:Wales 252:Welsh 247:Scots 191:0°7′W 10089:Manx 10084:Kale 9960:Manx 9485:Éire 9460:Alba 8857:Anne 8293:Acts 8284:1800 8279:1799 8274:1798 8269:1797 8264:1796 8259:1795 8254:1794 8249:1793 8244:1792 8239:1791 8234:1790 8229:1789 8224:1788 8219:1787 8214:1786 8209:1785 8204:1784 8199:1783 8194:1782 8189:1781 8184:1780 8179:1779 8174:1778 8169:1777 8164:1776 8159:1775 8154:1774 8149:1773 8144:1772 8139:1771 8134:1770 8129:1769 8124:1768 8119:1767 8114:1766 8109:1765 8054:1714 8049:1713 8044:1712 8039:1711 8034:1710 8029:1709 8024:1708 8019:1707 8009:Acts 7958:1800 7953:1799 7948:1798 7943:1797 7938:1796 7933:1795 7928:1794 7923:1793 7918:1792 7913:1791 7908:1790 7903:1789 7898:1788 7893:1787 7888:1786 7883:1785 7878:1784 7873:1783 7868:1782 7863:1781 7858:1780 7853:1779 7848:1778 7843:1777 7838:1776 7833:1775 7828:1774 7823:1773 7818:1772 7813:1771 7808:1770 7803:1769 7798:1768 7793:1767 7788:1766 7783:1765 7778:1764 7773:1763 7768:1762 7763:1761 7758:1760 7753:1759 7748:1758 7743:1757 7738:1756 7733:1755 7728:1754 7723:1753 7718:1752 7713:1751 7708:1750 7703:1749 7698:1748 7693:1747 7688:1746 7683:1745 7678:1744 7673:1743 7668:1742 7663:1741 7658:1740 7653:1739 7648:1738 7643:1737 7638:1736 7633:1735 7628:1734 7623:1733 7618:1732 7613:1731 7608:1730 7603:1729 7598:1728 7593:1727 7588:1726 7583:1725 7578:1724 7573:1723 7568:1722 7563:1721 7558:1720 7553:1719 7548:1718 7543:1717 7538:1716 7533:1715 7528:1714 7523:1713 7518:1712 7513:1711 7508:1710 7503:1709 7498:1708 7493:1707 7412:Flag 7228:list 7201:1796 7196:1790 7191:1784 7186:1780 7181:1774 7176:1768 7171:1761 7166:1754 7161:1747 7156:1741 7151:1734 7146:1727 7141:1722 7136:1715 7131:1713 7126:1710 7121:1708 7109:1800 7104:1799 7099:1798 7094:1797 7089:1796 7084:1795 7079:1794 7074:1793 7069:1792 7064:1791 7059:1790 7054:1789 7049:1788 7044:1787 7039:1786 7034:1785 7029:1784 7024:1783 7019:1782 7014:1781 7009:1780 7004:1779 6999:1778 6994:1777 6989:1776 6984:1775 6979:1774 6974:1773 6969:1772 6964:1771 6959:1770 6954:1769 6949:1768 6944:1767 6939:1766 6934:1765 6879:1714 6874:1713 6869:1712 6864:1711 6859:1710 6854:1709 6849:1708 6844:1707 6777:Anne 6512:ISBN 6342:and 6108:2017 6058:ISBN 6028:ISBN 5998:ISBN 5970:2017 5914:ISBN 5875:ISBN 5849:ISBN 5825:ISBN 5803:ISBN 5781:ISBN 5762:ISBN 5743:ISBN 5721:ISBN 5700:ISBN 5672:ISBN 5650:ISBN 5628:ISBN 5563:ISBN 5541:ISBN 5503:ISBN 5480:ISBN 5421:ISBN 5385:ISBN 5347:ISBN 5335:2010 5260:ISBN 5227:ISBN 5155:ISBN 5056:ISBN 5010:ISBN 4985:ISBN 4947:ISBN 4889:ISBN 4853:ISBN 4805:ISBN 4719:ISBN 4686:ISBN 4586:ISBN 4519:ISBN 4456:ISBN 4381:ISBN 4344:ISBN 4270:ISBN 4222:ISBN 4163:ISBN 4124:2020 4032:ISBN 3895:ISBN 3819:ISBN 3790:ISBN 3711:ISBN 3689:ISBN 3589:2011 3503:2010 3408:2011 3394:2011 3379:2011 3253:ISBN 3231:2016 3205:2018 3133:and 2904:and 2890:and 2802:Pitt 2754:and 2456:and 2388:and 2275:The 2233:Whig 2153:and 2116:and 2032:and 1963:and 1880:and 1821:and 1813:and 1696:King 1530:and 1478:The 1354:and 1311:and 1195:and 1172:and 1112:The 340:Anne 262:Norn 164:and 62:Flag 6478:doi 6442:doi 6421:doi 6400:doi 6363:doi 6312:doi 6283:doi 6254:doi 6225:doi 6196:doi 6167:doi 6097:doi 5959:doi 5293:doi 5192:doi 5129:doi 5086:doi 4377:264 4307:doi 4200:doi 3966:doi 3601:xxi 3338:138 2808:in 2775:). 2758:by 2575:'s 2486:in 1607:of 1504:BBC 1427:or 1378:to 1342:in 1120:in 10136:: 8835:, 8831:, 8827:, 8823:, 8817:18 8807:, 8803:, 8799:, 8795:, 8791:, 8785:17 8775:, 8771:, 8767:, 8763:, 8759:, 8755:, 8749:16 8739:, 8735:, 8731:, 8725:15 8715:, 8711:, 8707:, 8703:, 8699:, 8693:14 8683:, 8679:, 8675:, 8671:, 8667:, 8663:, 8657:13 8647:, 8643:, 8639:, 8635:, 8631:, 8627:, 8621:12 8611:, 8607:, 8603:, 8599:, 8595:, 8591:, 8587:, 8581:11 8571:, 8567:, 8563:, 8559:, 8555:, 8551:, 8545:10 8535:, 8531:, 8527:, 8523:, 8519:, 8503:, 8499:, 8495:, 8491:, 8487:, 8483:, 8467:, 8463:, 8459:, 8455:, 8451:, 8447:, 8431:, 8427:, 8423:, 8419:, 8415:, 8399:, 8395:, 8391:, 8387:, 8383:, 8379:, 8375:, 8359:, 8343:, 8339:, 8323:, 6567:c. 6534:, 6484:. 6474:29 6472:. 6468:. 6448:. 6438:35 6436:. 6415:. 6394:. 6377:. 6369:. 6359:26 6357:. 6318:. 6308:16 6306:. 6289:. 6279:16 6277:. 6260:. 6250:16 6248:. 6231:. 6221:59 6219:. 6202:. 6192:15 6190:. 6173:. 6163:15 6161:. 6089:. 5988:; 5951:. 5779:. 5573:OL 5571:. 5519:; 5478:. 5431:OL 5429:. 5395:OL 5393:. 5357:OL 5355:. 5339:; 5307:. 5299:. 5289:41 5287:. 5278:; 5270:OL 5268:. 5237:OL 5235:. 5216:; 5206:. 5198:. 5188:70 5186:. 5165:OL 5163:. 5123:. 5117:; 5092:. 5082:24 5080:. 4863:OL 4861:. 4830:OL 4729:OL 4727:. 4696:OL 4694:. 4596:OL 4594:. 4584:. 4582:46 4529:OL 4527:, 4486:66 4466:OL 4464:, 4429:; 4391:OL 4389:. 4379:. 4354:OL 4352:. 4342:. 4340:94 4313:, 4303:41 4301:, 4280:OL 4278:. 4266:44 4232:OL 4230:, 4196:35 4194:, 4173:OL 4171:. 4161:. 4114:. 4099:^ 4077:^ 4042:OL 4040:, 3905:OL 3903:. 3817:. 3698:; 3660:^ 3613:. 3605:; 3593:; 3579:. 3560:; 3551:. 3529:. 3524:; 3512:. 3507:; 3494:. 3489:; 3483:. 3478:; 3441:; 3302:, 3296:, 3263:OL 3261:. 3222:. 3195:. 3191:. 3160:^ 3004:, 2843:. 2787:, 2653:, 2620:, 2556:. 2498:. 2323:. 2303:, 1946:: 1905:, 1869:. 1847:, 1564:. 1452:, 1405:. 1386:. 1323:. 1307:, 1284:. 1214:r. 1207:. 287:, 9766:) 9762:( 9543:) 9524:( 9431:e 9424:t 9417:v 8839:) 8837:5 8833:4 8829:3 8825:2 8821:1 8819:( 8811:) 8809:6 8805:5 8801:4 8797:3 8793:2 8789:1 8787:( 8779:) 8777:7 8773:6 8769:5 8765:4 8761:3 8757:2 8753:1 8751:( 8743:) 8741:4 8737:3 8733:2 8729:1 8727:( 8719:) 8717:6 8713:5 8709:4 8705:3 8701:2 8697:1 8695:( 8687:) 8685:7 8681:6 8677:5 8673:4 8669:3 8665:2 8661:1 8659:( 8651:) 8649:7 8645:6 8641:5 8637:4 8633:3 8629:2 8625:1 8623:( 8615:) 8613:8 8609:7 8605:6 8601:5 8597:4 8593:3 8589:2 8585:1 8583:( 8575:) 8573:7 8569:6 8565:5 8561:4 8557:3 8553:2 8549:1 8547:( 8539:) 8537:6 8533:5 8529:4 8525:3 8521:2 8517:1 8515:( 8513:9 8507:) 8505:7 8501:6 8497:5 8493:4 8489:3 8485:2 8481:1 8479:( 8477:8 8471:) 8469:7 8465:6 8461:5 8457:4 8453:3 8449:2 8445:1 8443:( 8441:7 8435:) 8433:6 8429:5 8425:4 8421:3 8417:2 8413:1 8411:( 8409:6 8403:) 8401:8 8397:7 8393:6 8389:5 8385:4 8381:3 8377:2 8373:1 8371:( 8369:5 8363:) 8361:2 8357:1 8355:( 8353:4 8347:) 8345:3 8341:2 8337:1 8335:( 8333:3 8327:) 8325:2 8321:1 8319:( 8317:2 8311:) 8309:1 8307:( 8305:1 7992:e 7985:t 7978:v 7464:e 7457:t 7450:v 6619:e 6612:t 6605:v 6520:. 6492:. 6480:: 6456:. 6444:: 6427:. 6423:: 6417:8 6406:. 6402:: 6396:7 6385:. 6365:: 6326:. 6314:: 6297:. 6285:: 6268:. 6256:: 6239:. 6227:: 6210:. 6198:: 6181:. 6169:: 6152:. 6110:. 6099:: 6078:. 6066:. 6045:. 6036:. 6014:. 5972:. 5961:: 5940:. 5931:. 5922:. 5903:. 5894:. 5883:. 5857:. 5833:. 5811:. 5789:. 5770:. 5751:. 5729:. 5708:. 5658:. 5636:. 5612:. 5591:. 5579:. 5549:. 5511:. 5488:. 5437:. 5401:. 5363:. 5337:. 5315:. 5295:: 5276:. 5243:. 5214:. 5194:: 5171:. 5135:. 5131:: 5125:7 5100:. 5088:: 5066:. 5064:. 5036:. 5018:. 4993:. 4955:. 4869:. 4836:. 4813:. 4783:. 4750:. 4735:. 4702:. 4602:. 4500:. 4488:. 4397:. 4360:. 4309:: 4286:. 4202:: 4179:. 4126:. 4072:. 3997:. 3972:. 3968:: 3911:. 3827:. 3798:. 3603:. 3591:. 3505:. 3418:. 3412:: 3410:. 3396:. 3381:. 3340:. 3269:. 3233:. 3207:. 2742:( 1211:( 1101:e 1094:t 1087:v 861:e 854:t 847:v 291:) 283:( 138:: 116:" 96:" 92:" 31:.

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Knowledge

Kingdom of Great Britain

Index