118:
1352:, and omitted Buddhist temples, even famous ones, while marking the locations of even minor Christian churches in the new address system. After Lee's ascendence to the Presidency when the high proportion of Christians in relation to Buddhists in the public sector became known–particularly the president's cabinet, where there were 12 Christians to only one Buddhist, among other reported incidences.
153:
1363:: "Over the course of the last decade a fairly large number of Buddhist temples in South Korea have been destroyed or damaged by fire by misguided Protestant fundamentalists. More recently, Buddhist statues have been identified as idols, attacked and decapitated. Arrests are hard to effect, as the arsonists and vandals work by stealth of night."
29:
1328:
In the late 1990s, a struggle broke out between two factions of the Order for who would appoint the heads of major temples in Korea. Although the court ruled in favor of the
Purification and Reform Committee (PRC), the ruling was not sufficiently enforced, and fighting broke out between hundreds of
1307:
Following liberation from Japan in 1945, Seon monks who had preserved and cherished Korean
Buddhist traditions began a purification drive to re-establish the traditional celibate orders and take back the temples from married priests, a remnant of the Japanese Occupation. Finally, in 1955 the Jogye
1255:
and
Samyeong raised armies that protected the nation, which improved the situation of Buddhism for a time. However it was not until the political reforms of 1895 that monks were permitted in the cities again. Then in 1899, under the leadership of Seon Master
1359:, "Lee also sent a video prayer message to a Christian rally held in the southern city of Busan in which the worship leader prayed feverishly: 'Lord, let the Buddhist temples in this country crumble down!'" Further, according to an article in
1303:
in Seoul in 1938. Finally in 1941 the Joseon
Buddhism Jogye Order which was distinctly Korean and free from Japanese influence, was established. This was the first legal Buddhist order in modern Korea and the precursor of today's Jogye Order.
1319:
began a movement advocating "Living
According to the Teachings of the Buddha" and this provided the opportunity for the establishment of fundamental principles and traditions as well as the accepted ceremonies of the order.
1225:
dynasty. Due to its inclusive nature, and emphasis on continual discipline, the Jogye gained considerable support from the military establishment, and developed across monasteries all over the
1295:
was established, and in 1929, a Monks’ Conference of Joseon was held. In 1937, a movement for the establishment of a
Central Headquarters began, which was successful with the building of the
506:
1292:
1763:
1206:
led major Seon movements. Jinul in particular sought to develop an order that had the direct practices of Seon as its foundation but also gave importance to sutra study and
1308:
Order was established centered on celibate monks; however, as a result of mediation between the elder monks and the government, already-married priests were also included.
1276:
were founded, and attempts were made to revive the doctrinal schools and to reestablish activities in the cities, but these movements were soon suppressed during the
1240:(r. 1418-1450), two sects were formed, one of all the doctrinal schools and another of all the Seon schools. These were then temporarily disbanded under the reign of
1311:
On April 11, 1962 Jogye Order of Korean
Buddhism was officially established with three main goals: training and education; sutra translation into Korean from
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1348:. The government is at odds with the Jogye Order by the decreasing of Temple Stay fundings, the lack of government recognition of the
2288:
1048:
2317:
2136:
2091:
1315:; and propagation. These goals continue to guide the Jogye Order today as well. It was in 1947-1949 that a group of monks at
2352:
Wells, Harry L. (2000). "Korean Temple
Burnings and Vandalism: The Response of the Society for Buddhist-Christian Studies".
2428:
2021:
1371:
The numerous temples of the Jogye order are arranged under 24 "head temples." The head temples each oversee a district (
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Reaction to the occupation by Japan was mixed in the Jogye. While some collaborated with the authorities, monks such as
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1940:
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to reestablish the traditions and the philosophical basis for a reconstructed
Buddhist order. Eventually, the
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1449:
1430:
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In more recent years, the Jogye Order has been beset with scandals involving gambling and sexual misconduct.
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467:
1218:
teachings. The basic precept Jinul advocated was "sudden enlightenment followed by gradual cultivation."
1186:
were instrumental in the development of the nation during the Later Silla and thereafter. However, during
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rose to prominence and drew away many talented monks, forcing the Seon to innovate. In response to this,
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Carter J. Eckert (Author), Ki-Baik Lee, Young Ick Lew, Michael
Robinson, Edward W. Wagner (1991).
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2137:"Buddhist Monks Gambling: South Korea Jogye Order Monks Offer To Resign Amid Gambling Scandal"
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In 1994, the Jogye order managed 1725 temples and 10,056 clerics and had 9,125,991 adherents.
887:
579:
1935:
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The Jogye was thus established as the representative Seon order until the persecution of the
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2289:"South Korea Buddhists March Against Christian President, Alleging Religious Discrimination"
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8:
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with the theological underpinnings of sutra-based Buddhist schools as well as with
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1097:, was adopted from the name of the village where Patriarch Huineng's home temple,
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1945:
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The Jogye Order faced conflict with the government led by former President
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1988:
Buswell, Robert E. (1993). "Chapter 1: Buddhism in Contemporary Korea".
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The Jogye as a distinct school arose in the late 11th century when
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323:
256:
2320:. Atimes.com. 2008-02-01. Archived from the original on 2008-05-12
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led efforts to keep Korean Buddhist traditions alive. In 1921 the
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However, during the Joseon, Buddhism was repressed in favor of
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in the West) and the practice taught by the Sixth Patriarch,
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346:
60:
2408:
392:
2189:"Accusations fly as SKorea Buddhist monk scandal deepens"
1082:
167:
142:
103:
2163:"South Korea's Buddhists monks tackle modern challenges"
2271:"Buddhists set to protest against Lee's religious bias"
1375:), containing a large number of subordinate temples.
1182:The original "Nine Schools" of Seon descended from
2023:
1323:
1081:National Master Doui, who brought Seon (known as
2415:
2017:
2015:
2013:
2011:
2009:
2111:"World: Asia-Pacific, Buddhist brawl in Seoul"
1244:(r. 1494-1506), resulting in great confusion.
2006:
1106:
1042:
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1077:with roots that date back 1200 years to the
66:
50:
1336:Conflicts with the Lee Myung-bak government
1069:(대한불교조계종, 大韓佛敎 曹溪宗), is the representative
1144:sought to combine the direct practices of
1049:
1035:
27:
2239:
2067:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1983:
1981:
1162:is a Jogye school founded by Seon Master
2240:Hwang (황), Yun-jeong (윤정) (2011-07-19).
1842:, credited as the founder of Jogye Order
2081:
1987:
1958:— a sword school that emerged from the
1249:Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)
2416:
2075:
1978:
1093:around 820 CE. The name of the Order,
2351:
2105:
2103:
2439:14th-century establishments in Korea
1260:(1849-1912), monks petitioned from
13:
2100:
14:
2450:
2409:Kwan Um School of Zen, in English
2392:
2295:. August 27, 2008. Archived from
2086:. Psychology Press. p. 190.
968:Zen organisation and institutions
532:Anthology of the Patriarchal Hall
33:Kyong Ho Seong-Wu, 75th Patriarch
1329:monks using makeshift weaponry.
1293:Sonhakwon Seon Meditation Center
507:Two Entrances and Four Practices
151:
116:
2345:
2318:"A 'God-given' president-elect"
2310:
2281:
2263:
2082:Grayson, James Huntley (2002).
2030:. Ilchokak Publishers. p.
1941:Chogye International Zen Center
1366:
1324:Internal Conflicts and Scandals
1166:, 78th Patriarch, who received
2233:
2207:
2181:
2155:
2129:
1992:. Princeton University Press.
1067:Jogye Order of Korean Buddhism
522:Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment
67:
51:
1:
1971:
280:Hakuin's Four ways of knowing
2026:Korea Old And New: A History
739:Yunmen Wenyan (Ummon Bun'en)
7:
2429:1354 establishments in Asia
2215:""성호스님, 여승 성폭행 하려다…" 연일 충격"
1990:The Zen Monastic Experience
1827:
319:Doctrinal background of Zen
104:
90:
10:
2455:
2354:Buddhist-Christian Studies
2084:Korea: a religious history
1507:South Chungcheong Province
1488:South Chungcheong Province
1469:North Chungcheong Province
1361:Buddhist-Christian Studies
1355:In 2006, according to the
1177:
2404:Official site, in English
2337:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1777:22. Gwaneumsa: Ara-dong,
1677:North Gyeongsang Province
1658:South Gyeongsang Province
1620:South Gyeongsang Province
1601:South Gyeongsang Province
1583:North Gyeongsang Province
1564:North Gyeongsang Province
1526:North Gyeongsang Province
1125:
1107:
719:Dongshan Liangjie (Tozan)
97:
83:
59:
43:
38:
26:
21:
2399:Official site, in Korean
2242:
645:Ordinary Mind Zen School
537:Transmission of the Lamp
242:Turning the light around
205:Zen in the United States
1280:, which began in 1910.
963:Zen ranks and hierarchy
936:Category: Zen Buddhists
270:Ten Ox-Herding Pictures
1346:Presbyterian Christian
1236:. During the reign of
595:Plum Village Tradition
555:East Mountain Teaching
517:The Awakening of Faith
413:Prostration (Buddhism)
232:Original enlightenment
2434:Kwan Um School of Zen
2366:10.1353/bcs.2000.0035
1962:of a Jogye Order monk
1936:Kwan Um School of Zen
1926:Nine mountain schools
1836:, the Sixth Patriarch
1802:North Jeolla Province
1772:South Jeolla Province
1753:South Jeolla Province
1734:South Jeolla Province
1715:South Jeolla Province
1696:North Jeolla Province
1160:Kwan Um School of Zen
749:Dahui Zonggao (Tahui)
729:Linji Yixuan (Rinzai)
724:Xuefeng Yicun (Seppo)
709:Shitou Xiqian (Kisen)
610:Kwan Um School of Zen
493:Mahaparinirvana Sutra
463:Prajñaparamita sutras
457:Indian Mahayana texts
16:Korean Buddhist order
1247:However, during the
362:Bodhisattva Precepts
85:Revised Romanization
2243:불교계-정부 화해무드 다시 급랭하나
2193:Asian Correspondent
1906:Five Houses of Chán
1278:Japanese occupation
1251:, National Masters
1168:dharma transmission
953:Dharma transmission
600:Order of Interbeing
580:Five Houses of Chán
324:Representation-only
275:Five ranks of Tozan
2277:. August 22, 2008.
2249:Yonhap News Agency
2060:has generic name (
1635:Geumjeong District
1446:Pyeongchang County
1158:The international
1150:Pure Land Buddhism
1021:Pure Land Buddhism
958:Zen lineage charts
382:Walking meditation
2378:Project MUSE
2117:. 12 October 1999
2093:978-0-7007-1605-0
1951:Religion in Korea
1821:Gyeonggi Province
1412:Gyeonggi Province
1344:, a conservative
1208:reciting the name
1170:from Seon Master
1065:, officially the
1059:
1058:
763:Zhongfeng Mingben
704:Mazu Daoyi (Baso)
640:White Plum Asanga
483:Vimalakirti Sutra
473:Śrīmālādevī Sūtra
468:Lankavatara Sutra
297:Bodhisattva ideal
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99:McCune–Reischauer
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2059:
2055:
2053:
2045:
2029:
2019:
2004:
2003:
1985:
1711:Jangseong County
1631:Cheongnyong-dong
1556:Cheongtong-myeon
1450:Gangwon Province
1431:Gangwon Province
1350:Lantern Festival
1297:Main Buddha Hall
1234:Neo-Confucianism
1227:Korean peninsula
1214:as found in the
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1127:
1110:
1109:
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862:Thiền in Vietnam
744:Yongming Yanshou
488:Avatamsaka Sutra
257:Sudden awakening
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2141:Huffington Post
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1986:
1979:
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1946:Korean Buddhism
1830:
1745:Songgwang-myeon
1597:Hapcheon County
1461:Naesongni-myeon
1389:Jongno District
1369:
1338:
1326:
1180:
1075:Korean Buddhism
1073:of traditional
1055:
1026:
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985:Related schools
978:
977:
948:
940:
939:
905:Hakuun Yasutani
883:Thích Nhất Hạnh
668:
663:
655:
654:
650:Zen Peacemakers
575:Hongzhou school
550:
542:
541:
512:Śūraṅgama Sūtra
453:
443:
442:
438:Zen calligraphy
357:Bodhisattva vow
352:Six Perfections
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2393:External links
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2360:(1): 239–240.
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2169:. 26 June 2012
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1916:Linji school
1896:Samu (sunim)
1764:Samsan-myeon
1730:Gurye County
1612:Hwagae-myeon
1503:Yesan County
1465:Boeun County
1385:Gyeonji-dong
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105:Chogye-chong
2424:Jogye Order
2252:(in Korean)
2167:BBC News UK
2115:BBC News UK
1931:Taego Order
1921:Korean Seon
1813:Jinjeop-eup
1741:Songgwangsa
1726:Masan-myeon
1707:Bukha-myeon
1650:Habuk-myeon
1480:Sagok-myeon
1442:Jinbu-myeon
1423:Seorak-dong
1410:, southern
1146:Korean Seon
1079:Later Silla
1063:Jogye Order
947:Institution
894:Western Zen
679:Bodhidharma
625:Sōtō school
615:Taego Order
605:Jogye Order
570:Heze school
478:Lotus Sutra
285:One Vehicle
197:Vietnamese
39:Korean name
22:Jogye Order
2418:Categories
2324:2012-03-06
2303:2008-12-22
2256:2011-09-25
2041:0962771309
1999:069103477X
1972:References
1881:Seongcheol
1809:Bongseonsa
1794:Asan-myeon
1760:Daeheungsa
1703:Baegyangsa
1608:Ssanggyesa
1593:Gaya-myeon
1560:Yeongcheon
1537:Dohak-dong
1448:, central
1438:Woljeongsa
1429:, eastern
1419:Sinheungsa
1391:, central
1357:Asia Times
856:Seongcheol
560:Sanjiejiao
549:Traditions
433:Zen poetry
403:Samu (Zen)
367:Shikantaza
308:Background
302:Buddhahood
291:The "goal"
91:Jogye-jong
2374:170596276
2050:cite book
1956:Shingumdo
1886:Seungsahn
1851:Gyeongheo
1846:Taego Bou
1817:Namyangju
1779:Jeju City
1684:Geumsansa
1533:Donghwasa
1404:Taean-eup
1258:Gyeongheo
1242:Yonsangun
1216:Pure Land
1204:Taego Bou
1164:Seungsahn
925:Seungsahn
920:Hsuan Hua
841:Taego Bou
792:Sheng-yen
672:Classical
341:Practices
329:Emptiness
217:Teachings
181:Japanese
2333:cite web
2293:Fox News
1828:See also
1790:Seonunsa
1749:Suncheon
1722:Hwaeomsa
1646:Tongdosa
1627:Beomeosa
1579:Gyeongju
1571:Bulguksa
1552:Eunhaesa
1522:Gimcheon
1495:Sudeoksa
1457:Beopjusa
1408:Hwaseong
1400:Yongjusa
1317:Bongamsa
1285:Yongsong
1270:Imjejong
1212:Amitābha
1192:Cheontae
930:Sokei-an
590:Trúc Lâm
173:Chinese
131:a series
2225:14 July
2199:14 July
2173:14 July
2147:14 July
2121:14 July
1966:Banyasa
1861:Mangong
1834:Huineng
1654:Yangsan
1589:Haeinsa
1514:Jikjisa
1476:Magoksa
1381:Jogyesa
1301:Jogyesa
1266:Wonjong
1262:Haeinsa
1196:Uicheon
1178:History
1103:Chinese
1089:, from
1087:Huineng
1011:Shingon
1006:Tiantai
714:Huangbo
699:Shenhui
689:Shenxiu
684:Hongren
662:Persons
398:Hua Tou
377:Dhāraṇī
372:Sesshin
263:The way
227:No-mind
189:Korean
126:Part of
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2372:
2090:
2038:
1996:
1871:Kobong
1665:Gounsa
1484:Gongju
1427:Sokcho
1289:Manhae
1253:Seosan
1238:Sejong
1223:Joseon
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1190:, the
1188:Goryeo
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1117:cáo xī
1113:pinyin
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1001:Huayan
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991:Sānlùn
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787:Xu Yun
734:Zongmi
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2339:link
2227:2013
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2149:2013
2123:2013
2088:ISBN
2069:link
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