2182:
1225:
820:
1660:
2749:
2137:
670:
625:
295:
2407:
715:
2557:
880:
460:
2107:
610:
745:
2302:
2482:
400:
250:
805:
940:
2572:
1975:
1855:
1780:
159:
2452:
1510:
1180:
2512:
2317:
2257:
2197:
535:
2332:
2122:
1795:
925:
700:
325:
190:
2034:
2617:
2437:
2422:
2242:
1705:
1630:
1405:
1360:
730:
565:
355:
2167:
1735:
1555:
1540:
1060:
1915:
1810:
1525:
2647:
1645:
1150:
265:
370:
2692:
2287:
1945:
1690:
1240:
985:
865:
850:
580:
520:
475:
2587:
2377:
2272:
2005:
1585:
970:
685:
595:
144:
1015:
2542:
2497:
2047:
1840:
1480:
1315:
1285:
1270:
1255:
1135:
895:
760:
550:
445:
385:
340:
280:
2733:
2632:
2602:
2212:
2062:
1750:
1720:
1465:
1450:
1075:
955:
835:
310:
220:
205:
2227:
1675:
1435:
1390:
1345:
1195:
790:
505:
415:
2677:
2527:
2092:
1930:
1870:
1570:
1165:
1120:
235:
2362:
2152:
1210:
1045:
2662:
2467:
2020:
1900:
1825:
1765:
1615:
1495:
1375:
1105:
910:
655:
430:
1090:
1885:
1000:
775:
1960:
1600:
1420:
640:
129:
2392:
1990:
490:
2077:
1030:
1300:
2347:
1330:
2873:
By the 1970s, diplomats were attempting to negotiate clarifications to the brief language of
Article 3, and to extend the scope of international law to cover additional humanitarian rights in the context of internal conflicts. These efforts resulted in Protocol II of the Geneva Conventions. The
2797:
armed conflicts that take place within the borders of a single country. The scope of these laws is more limited than those of the rest of the Geneva
Conventions out of respect for sovereign rights and duties of national governments.
2833:
being notable exceptions. However, the United States, Iran, and
Pakistan signed it on 12 December 1977, which signifies an intention to work towards ratifying it. The Iranian signature was given prior to the
2850:
were updated in 1949 after the Second World War, delegates sought to define certain minimum humanitarian standards to situations that had all the characteristics of war, without being an international war.
4175:
4170:
4145:
3320:
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Persons taking no active part in hostilities should be treated humanely (including military persons who have ceased to be active as a result of sickness, injury, or detention).
3990:
4140:
3023:"Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts (Protocol II), 8 June 1977"
4055:
3530:
4185:
3365:
3430:
2862:
that are not of an international character, but that are contained within the boundaries of a single country. It provides limited protection to victims, including:
2878:
centered on two conflicting ideas. First, that the distinction between internal and international armed conflict is artificial from the point of view of a victim.
3620:
3765:
3415:
3335:
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4125:
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45:
Protocol
Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts (Protocol II)
4180:
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should apply regardless of the identity of the combatants. Second, that international law does not apply to non-international situations. A nation has
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4205:
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4065:
3470:
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4130:
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within its borders, and must not accept judgments by and orders from other countries. And
Article 6, section 2, also prohibits
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4135:
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4200:
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3725:
3102:
4210:
4120:
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3250:
3107:
3710:
3595:
17:
2846:
Historically, international law of armed conflict addressed traditional declarations of war between nations. When the
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3140:
2142:
825:
31:
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4015:
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3785:
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4085:
3820:
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1665:
4105:
4020:
4000:
3995:
3960:
3955:
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3490:
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3420:
3385:
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3315:
2711:
2187:
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3935:
3890:
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3800:
3790:
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3700:
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3480:
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3375:
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3325:
3305:
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4100:
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4005:
3895:
3875:
3855:
3835:
3775:
3735:
3685:
3670:
3650:
3600:
3590:
3575:
3545:
3465:
3390:
3360:
3355:
3330:
3245:
3133:
4090:
4030:
3985:
3915:
3885:
3845:
3825:
3805:
3750:
3660:
3645:
3635:
3605:
3570:
3550:
3510:
3410:
3037:
4025:
3865:
3840:
3745:
3680:
3535:
3460:
3405:
3185:
3175:
2930:
2910:
630:
3113:
3180:
3170:
2920:
2904:
2879:
2835:
465:
2887:
2748:
2112:
720:
2875:
2778:
2562:
53:
8:
2487:
1290:
255:
3156:
2899:
2847:
2790:
2782:
1920:
885:
3064:
The Law of non-international armed conflict: Protocol II to the 1949 Geneva convention
3068:
3022:
2038:
1080:
945:
3120:
3062:
2924:
2307:
1860:
2577:
810:
3239:
2914:
2802:
1515:
1185:
164:
3211:
2946:
2801:
As of July 2024, the
Protocol had been ratified by 169 countries, with the
2752:
A map showing the current status of
Protocol by country, as of July 2020:
2517:
2322:
2262:
2202:
540:
2854:
These negotiations resulted in
Article 3, common to all four of the basic
2950:
2883:
2412:
2337:
2127:
1980:
1800:
1785:
930:
750:
330:
195:
109:
Six months after two instruments ratification or accession were deposited
3201:
2936:
2740:
2622:
2442:
2427:
2247:
2172:
1740:
1710:
1635:
1560:
1545:
1410:
1365:
1065:
735:
570:
360:
3098:
Committee of the Red Cross: Full text of
Protocol II with commentaries
3125:
2652:
1815:
1650:
1530:
1155:
300:
270:
2939:, a 1977 amendment adopted addressing the protection of victims in
2855:
2810:
2697:
2592:
2382:
2292:
2277:
2010:
1950:
1695:
1590:
1245:
1230:
990:
975:
870:
855:
690:
600:
585:
525:
480:
375:
149:
2133:
4176:
Treaties extended to South
Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
4171:
Treaties extended to Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
2637:
2607:
2547:
2502:
2217:
2067:
2052:
1845:
1755:
1725:
1485:
1470:
1455:
1320:
1275:
1260:
1140:
1095:
1020:
960:
900:
840:
765:
705:
555:
450:
405:
390:
345:
315:
285:
225:
210:
3114:
President Reagan's message to the Senate on Protocols I & II
3110:
Special issue: 20th anniversary of the 1977 Additional Protocols
2858:
of the Geneva Conventions of 1949. Common Article 3 applies to
2830:
2814:
2682:
2532:
2397:
2232:
2097:
2082:
1995:
1935:
1875:
1680:
1575:
1440:
1395:
1350:
1200:
1170:
1125:
1035:
795:
615:
510:
495:
420:
240:
2826:
2806:
2667:
2472:
2367:
2352:
2157:
2025:
1905:
1830:
1770:
1620:
1500:
1380:
1335:
1305:
1215:
1110:
1050:
915:
675:
660:
435:
2822:
2818:
2457:
1965:
1890:
1605:
1425:
1005:
780:
645:
134:
30:"Geneva Protocol II" redirects here. For other topics, see
3103:
List of countries that have signed or ratified Protocol II
2949:, a 2005 amendment adopted specifying the adoption of the
621:
2793:
that strive to provide better protection for victims of
456:
4146:
Treaties extended to the British Indian Ocean Territory
2178:
2103:
3321:
Treaties of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic
2869:
The wounded and sick shall be collected and cared for.
2553:
3108:
International Review of the Red Cross, 1997 – No. 320
2478:
246:
4141:
Treaties extended to the British Antarctic Territory
2578:
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
876:
4056:
Treaties of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
3531:
Treaties of the Transitional Government of Ethiopia
936:
2721:English, Arabic, Chinese, Spanish, French, Russian
4186:Treaties extended to the Turks and Caicos Islands
3991:Treaties of the Republic of the Sudan (1985–2011)
2298:
1851:
27:1977 amendment protocol to the Geneva Conventions
3431:Treaties of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
3237:
3039:Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949: Commentary
2568:
801:
2933:, on the treatment of civilians during wartime.
1506:
1176:
155:
3766:Treaties of the Federated States of Micronesia
2508:
2313:
2253:
2193:
531:
4126:Treaties extended to the Netherlands Antilles
3366:Treaties of the People's Republic of Bulgaria
3141:
2907:, on the treatment of battlefield casualties.
2403:
2328:
2118:
1971:
1791:
1776:
921:
741:
186:
3911:Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
2613:
2433:
2418:
2238:
2163:
1731:
1701:
1656:
1626:
1551:
1536:
1401:
1356:
726:
561:
351:
3621:Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic
3025:. International Committee of the Red Cross.
2643:
1911:
1806:
1641:
1521:
1146:
291:
261:
4181:Treaties extended to Akrotiri and Dhekelia
3416:Treaties of the People's Republic of China
3336:Treaties of the People's Republic of Benin
3148:
3134:
3042:. International Committee of the Red Cross
2688:
2583:
2373:
2283:
2268:
2001:
1941:
1686:
1581:
1236:
1221:
981:
966:
861:
846:
816:
681:
591:
576:
516:
471:
366:
140:
4166:Treaties extended to the Pitcairn Islands
4156:Treaties extended to the Falkland Islands
2785:relating to the protection of victims of
2628:
2598:
2538:
2493:
2208:
2058:
2043:
1836:
1746:
1716:
1476:
1461:
1446:
1311:
1281:
1266:
1251:
1131:
1086:
1071:
1011:
951:
891:
831:
756:
696:
546:
441:
396:
381:
336:
321:
306:
276:
216:
201:
3401:Treaties of the Central African Republic
3001:International Committee of the Red Cross
2975:International Committee of the Red Cross
2747:
2673:
2523:
2388:
2223:
2088:
2073:
1986:
1926:
1866:
1671:
1566:
1431:
1386:
1341:
1191:
1161:
1116:
1056:
1026:
786:
606:
501:
486:
411:
231:
4151:Treaties extended to the Cayman Islands
2658:
2463:
2358:
2343:
2148:
2016:
1896:
1821:
1761:
1611:
1491:
1371:
1326:
1296:
1206:
1101:
1041:
906:
711:
666:
651:
426:
14:
4111:Treaties extended to the Faroe Islands
3706:Treaties of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
3238:
3155:
3035:
2448:
1956:
1881:
1596:
1416:
996:
771:
636:
125:
3436:Treaties of the Republic of the Congo
3129:
3060:
3029:
4196:Treaties extended to the Isle of Man
4061:Treaties of the United Arab Emirates
2913:, on the treatment of casualties in
2789:armed conflicts. It defines certain
3256:Treaties entered into force in 1978
24:
3851:Treaties of the State of Palestine
3496:Treaties of the Dominican Republic
3346:Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina
25:
4227:
3941:Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro
3926:Treaties of São Tomé and Príncipe
3901:Treaties of Saint Kitts and Nevis
3091:
2731:
2690:
2675:
2660:
2645:
2630:
2615:
2600:
2585:
2570:
2555:
2540:
2525:
2510:
2495:
2480:
2465:
2450:
2435:
2420:
2405:
2390:
2375:
2360:
2345:
2330:
2315:
2300:
2285:
2270:
2255:
2240:
2225:
2210:
2195:
2180:
2165:
2150:
2143:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
2135:
2120:
2105:
2090:
2075:
2060:
2045:
2032:
2018:
2003:
1988:
1973:
1958:
1943:
1928:
1913:
1898:
1883:
1868:
1853:
1838:
1823:
1808:
1793:
1778:
1763:
1748:
1733:
1718:
1703:
1688:
1673:
1666:Micronesia (Federated States of)
1658:
1643:
1628:
1613:
1598:
1583:
1568:
1553:
1538:
1523:
1508:
1493:
1478:
1463:
1448:
1433:
1426:Lao People's Democratic Republic
1418:
1403:
1388:
1373:
1358:
1343:
1328:
1313:
1298:
1283:
1268:
1253:
1238:
1223:
1208:
1193:
1178:
1163:
1148:
1133:
1118:
1103:
1088:
1073:
1058:
1043:
1028:
1013:
998:
983:
968:
953:
938:
923:
908:
893:
878:
863:
848:
833:
818:
803:
788:
773:
758:
743:
728:
713:
698:
683:
668:
653:
638:
623:
608:
593:
578:
563:
548:
533:
518:
503:
488:
473:
458:
443:
428:
413:
398:
383:
368:
353:
338:
323:
308:
293:
278:
263:
248:
233:
218:
203:
188:
157:
142:
127:
32:Geneva Protocol (disambiguation)
4161:Treaties extended to Montserrat
4036:Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago
3966:Treaties of the Solomon Islands
3276:Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda
3067:. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
4206:Treaties extended to Hong Kong
4116:Treaties extended to Greenland
4066:Treaties of the United Kingdom
3471:Treaties of the Czech Republic
3054:
3015:
2989:
2963:
63:20 February 1974 – 8 June 1977
40:Geneva Conventions Protocol II
13:
1:
4191:Treaties extended to Guernsey
4131:Treaties extended to Anguilla
3561:Treaties of Georgia (country)
3521:Treaties of Equatorial Guinea
2957:
2737:Geneva Convention/Protocol II
4216:Treaties concluded in Geneva
4136:Treaties extended to Bermuda
3981:Treaties of the Soviet Union
3441:Treaties of the Cook Islands
7:
4201:Treaties extended to Jersey
3871:Treaties of the Philippines
3811:Treaties of the Netherlands
3726:Treaties of North Macedonia
2893:
2841:
2763: State signatories (3)
2593:United Republic of Tanzania
10:
4232:
4211:Treaties extended to Macau
4121:Treaties extended to Aruba
3476:Treaties of Czechoslovakia
3251:Treaties concluded in 1977
29:
3711:Treaties of Liechtenstein
3596:Treaties of Guinea-Bissau
3220:
3194:
3163:
2757: State parties (169)
2730:
2725:
2717:
2707:
174:
113:
105:
94:7 December 1978
90:
82:
67:
59:
49:
44:
4046:Treaties of Turkmenistan
3971:Treaties of South Africa
3951:Treaties of Sierra Leone
3931:Treaties of Saudi Arabia
3741:Treaties of the Maldives
3611:Treaties of the Holy See
3371:Treaties of Burkina Faso
3186:Fourth Geneva Convention
3176:Second Geneva Convention
2931:Fourth Geneva Convention
2911:Second Geneva Convention
631:Central African Republic
165:United States of America
135:Islamic Republic of Iran
4011:Treaties of Switzerland
3976:Treaties of South Sudan
3906:Treaties of Saint Lucia
3816:Treaties of New Zealand
3666:Treaties of South Korea
3516:Treaties of El Salvador
3451:Treaties of Ivory Coast
3426:Treaties of the Comoros
3301:Treaties of the Bahamas
3261:Treaties of Afghanistan
3181:Third Geneva Convention
3171:First Geneva Convention
2921:Third Geneva Convention
2905:First Geneva Convention
2880:Humanitarian principles
2836:1979 Iranian Revolution
4096:Treaties of Yugoslavia
4076:Treaties of Uzbekistan
4016:Treaties of Tajikistan
3946:Treaties of Seychelles
3921:Treaties of San Marino
3796:Treaties of Mozambique
3786:Treaties of Montenegro
3756:Treaties of Mauritania
3731:Treaties of Madagascar
3721:Treaties of Luxembourg
3676:Treaties of Kyrgyzstan
3656:Treaties of Kazakhstan
3556:Treaties of the Gambia
3501:Treaties of East Timor
3446:Treaties of Costa Rica
3396:Treaties of Cape Verde
3311:Treaties of Bangladesh
3061:Levie, Howard (1987).
2923:, on the treatment of
2771:
466:Bosnia and Herzegovina
4086:Treaties of Venezuela
3821:Treaties of Nicaragua
3761:Treaties of Mauritius
3716:Treaties of Lithuania
3586:Treaties of Guatemala
3291:Treaties of Australia
3281:Treaties of Argentina
3036:Pictet, Jean (1958).
2888:collective punishment
2751:
2712:Swiss Federal Council
2188:São Tomé and Príncipe
2113:Saint Kitts and Nevis
71:8 June 1977
4106:Treaties of Zimbabwe
4021:Treaties of Tanzania
4001:Treaties of Eswatini
3996:Treaties of Suriname
3961:Treaties of Slovenia
3956:Treaties of Slovakia
3881:Treaties of Portugal
3861:Treaties of Paraguay
3781:Treaties of Mongolia
3616:Treaties of Honduras
3491:Treaties of Dominica
3486:Treaties of Djibouti
3421:Treaties of Colombia
3386:Treaties of Cameroon
3381:Treaties of Cambodia
3351:Treaties of Botswana
3316:Treaties of Barbados
3119:7 March 2016 at the
2777:is a 1977 amendment
2563:United Arab Emirates
4081:Treaties of Vanuatu
4071:Treaties of Uruguay
4041:Treaties of Tunisia
3936:Treaties of Senegal
3891:Treaties of Romania
3831:Treaties of Nigeria
3801:Treaties of Namibia
3791:Treaties of Morocco
3771:Treaties of Moldova
3701:Treaties of Liberia
3696:Treaties of Lesotho
3691:Treaties of Lebanon
3641:Treaties of Jamaica
3631:Treaties of Ireland
3626:Treaties of Iceland
3581:Treaties of Grenada
3566:Treaties of Germany
3541:Treaties of Finland
3526:Treaties of Estonia
3506:Treaties of Ecuador
3481:Treaties of Denmark
3456:Treaties of Croatia
3376:Treaties of Burundi
3341:Treaties of Bolivia
3326:Treaties of Belgium
3306:Treaties of Bahrain
3296:Treaties of Austria
3286:Treaties of Armenia
3271:Treaties of Algeria
3266:Treaties of Albania
2488:Trinidad and Tobago
2053:Republic of Moldova
256:Antigua and Barbuda
41:
4101:Treaties of Zambia
4051:Treaties of Uganda
4006:Treaties of Sweden
3896:Treaties of Rwanda
3876:Treaties of Poland
3856:Treaties of Panama
3836:Treaties of Norway
3776:Treaties of Monaco
3736:Treaties of Malawi
3686:Treaties of Latvia
3671:Treaties of Kuwait
3651:Treaties of Jordan
3601:Treaties of Guyana
3591:Treaties of Guinea
3576:Treaties of Greece
3546:Treaties of France
3466:Treaties of Cyprus
3391:Treaties of Canada
3361:Treaties of Brunei
3356:Treaties of Brazil
3331:Treaties of Belize
3246:Geneva Conventions
3157:Geneva Conventions
2971:"Signatory States"
2900:Geneva Conventions
2848:Geneva Conventions
2791:international laws
2783:Geneva Conventions
2772:
2083:Russian Federation
886:Dominican Republic
39:
18:Geneva Protocol II
4091:Treaties of Yemen
4031:Treaties of Tonga
3986:Treaties of Spain
3916:Treaties of Samoa
3886:Treaties of Qatar
3846:Treaties of Palau
3826:Treaties of Niger
3806:Treaties of Nauru
3751:Treaties of Malta
3661:Treaties of Kenya
3646:Treaties of Japan
3636:Treaties of Italy
3606:Treaties of Haiti
3571:Treaties of Ghana
3551:Treaties of Gabon
3511:Treaties of Egypt
3411:Treaties of Chile
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2787:non-international
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946:Equatorial Guinea
511:Brunei Darussalam
16:(Redirected from
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3866:Treaties of Peru
3841:Treaties of Oman
3746:Treaties of Mali
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3536:Treaties of Fiji
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2015:
2012:
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1997:
1985:
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1516:Liechtenstein
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1232:
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1205:
1202:
1190:
1187:
1186:Guinea-Bissau
1175:
1172:
1160:
1157:
1145:
1142:
1130:
1127:
1115:
1112:
1100:
1097:
1085:
1082:
1070:
1067:
1055:
1052:
1040:
1037:
1025:
1022:
1010:
1007:
995:
992:
980:
977:
965:
962:
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947:
935:
932:
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860:
857:
845:
842:
830:
827:
815:
812:
800:
797:
785:
782:
770:
767:
755:
752:
751:Côte d'Ivoire
740:
737:
725:
722:
710:
707:
695:
692:
680:
677:
665:
662:
650:
647:
635:
632:
620:
617:
605:
602:
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587:
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572:
560:
557:
545:
542:
530:
527:
515:
512:
500:
497:
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482:
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467:
455:
452:
440:
437:
425:
422:
410:
407:
395:
392:
380:
377:
365:
362:
350:
347:
335:
332:
320:
317:
305:
302:
290:
287:
275:
272:
260:
257:
245:
242:
230:
227:
215:
212:
200:
197:
185:
184:
177:
173:
166:
154:
151:
139:
136:
124:
123:
116:
112:
108:
104:
93:
89:
85:
81:
70:
66:
62:
58:
55:
52:
48:
43:
37:
33:
19:
3212:Protocol III
3206:
3078:. Retrieved
3063:
3056:
3044:. Retrieved
3038:
3031:
3017:
3005:. Retrieved
3000:
2991:
2979:. Retrieved
2974:
2965:
2947:Protocol III
2940:
2872:
2859:
2853:
2845:
2800:
2794:
2786:
2774:
2773:
2518:Turkmenistan
2410:
2323:South Africa
2263:Sierra Leone
2203:Saudi Arabia
541:Burkina Faso
36:
3207:Protocol II
3164:Conventions
2951:Red Crystal
2884:sovereignty
2775:Protocol II
2413:Switzerland
2338:South Sudan
2128:Saint Lucia
1981:Philippines
1801:New Zealand
1786:Netherlands
931:El Salvador
196:Afghanistan
114:Signatories
3240:Categories
3202:Protocol I
3074:9024734916
2958:References
2943:conflicts.
2937:Protocol I
2915:war at sea
2741:Wikisource
2708:Depositary
2623:Uzbekistan
2443:East Timor
2428:Tajikistan
2248:Seychelles
2173:San Marino
1741:Mozambique
1711:Montenegro
1636:Mauritania
1561:Madagascar
1546:Luxembourg
1411:Kyrgyzstan
1366:Kazakhstan
736:Costa Rica
571:Cabo Verde
361:Bangladesh
181:169 States
98:1978-12-07
75:1977-06-08
3195:Protocols
2726:Full text
2718:Languages
2653:Venezuela
1921:Palestine
1816:Nicaragua
1651:Mauritius
1531:Lithuania
1156:Guatemala
301:Australia
271:Argentina
106:Condition
91:Effective
3117:Archived
3080:6 August
3046:6 August
2981:10 April
2894:See also
2876:protocol
2856:treaties
2842:Overview
2811:Pakistan
2795:internal
2779:protocol
2698:Zimbabwe
2383:Suriname
2293:Slovenia
2278:Slovakia
2011:Portugal
1951:Paraguay
1696:Mongolia
1591:Maldives
1246:Honduras
1231:Holy See
991:Ethiopia
976:Eswatini
871:Dominica
856:Djibouti
826:DR Congo
691:Colombia
601:Cameroon
586:Cambodia
526:Bulgaria
481:Botswana
376:Barbados
150:Pakistan
120:3 States
83:Location
54:Protocol
2953:emblem.
2781:to the
2638:Vanuatu
2608:Uruguay
2548:Ukraine
2503:Tunisia
2218:Senegal
2068:Romania
1846:Nigeria
1756:Namibia
1726:Morocco
1486:Liberia
1471:Lesotho
1456:Lebanon
1321:Jamaica
1291:Ireland
1276:Iceland
1261:Hungary
1141:Grenada
1096:Germany
1081:Georgia
1021:Finland
961:Estonia
901:Ecuador
841:Denmark
766:Croatia
706:Comoros
556:Burundi
451:Bolivia
406:Belgium
391:Belarus
346:Bahrain
331:Bahamas
316:Austria
286:Armenia
226:Algeria
211:Albania
175:Parties
96: (
73: (
60:Drafted
3071:
3007:1 July
2831:Israel
2829:, and
2815:Turkey
2767:
2761:
2755:
2695:
2683:Zambia
2680:
2665:
2650:
2635:
2620:
2605:
2590:
2575:
2560:
2545:
2533:Uganda
2530:
2515:
2500:
2485:
2470:
2455:
2440:
2425:
2398:Sweden
2395:
2380:
2365:
2350:
2335:
2320:
2305:
2290:
2275:
2260:
2245:
2233:Serbia
2230:
2215:
2200:
2185:
2170:
2155:
2140:
2125:
2110:
2098:Rwanda
2095:
2080:
2065:
2050:
2023:
2008:
1996:Poland
1993:
1978:
1963:
1948:
1936:Panama
1933:
1918:
1903:
1888:
1876:Norway
1873:
1858:
1843:
1828:
1813:
1798:
1783:
1768:
1753:
1738:
1723:
1708:
1693:
1681:Monaco
1678:
1663:
1648:
1633:
1618:
1603:
1588:
1576:Malawi
1573:
1558:
1543:
1528:
1513:
1498:
1483:
1468:
1453:
1441:Latvia
1438:
1423:
1408:
1396:Kuwait
1393:
1378:
1363:
1351:Jordan
1348:
1333:
1318:
1303:
1288:
1273:
1258:
1243:
1228:
1213:
1201:Guyana
1198:
1183:
1171:Guinea
1168:
1153:
1138:
1126:Greece
1123:
1108:
1093:
1078:
1066:Gambia
1063:
1048:
1036:France
1033:
1018:
1003:
988:
973:
958:
943:
928:
913:
898:
883:
868:
853:
838:
823:
808:
796:Cyprus
793:
778:
763:
748:
733:
718:
703:
688:
673:
658:
643:
628:
616:Canada
613:
598:
583:
568:
553:
538:
523:
508:
496:Brazil
493:
478:
463:
448:
433:
421:Belize
418:
403:
388:
373:
358:
343:
328:
313:
298:
283:
268:
253:
241:Angola
238:
223:
208:
193:
162:
147:
132:
86:Geneva
68:Signed
3003:. n.d
2977:. n.d
2827:Syria
2807:India
2668:Yemen
2473:Tonga
2368:Sudan
2353:Spain
2158:Samoa
2026:Qatar
1906:Palau
1831:Niger
1771:Nauru
1621:Malta
1501:Libya
1381:Kenya
1336:Japan
1306:Italy
1216:Haiti
1111:Ghana
1051:Gabon
916:Egypt
721:Congo
676:China
661:Chile
436:Benin
3082:2009
3069:ISBN
3048:2009
3009:2020
2983:2019
2823:Iraq
2819:Iran
2458:Togo
1966:Peru
1891:Oman
1606:Mali
1006:Fiji
781:Cuba
646:Chad
50:Type
2739:at
3242::
2999:.
2973:.
2890:.
2838:.
2825:,
2821:,
2817:,
2813:,
2809:,
2805:,
3149:e
3142:t
3135:v
3084:.
3050:.
3011:.
2985:.
2927:.
2917:.
100:)
77:)
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.