Bulgaria - Knowledge

2398:. The continental influence, stronger during the winter, produces abundant snowfall; the Mediterranean influence increases during the second half of summer and produces hot and dry weather. Bulgaria is subdivided into five climatic zones: continental zone (Danubian Plain, Pre-Balkan and the higher valleys of the Transitional geomorphological region); transitional zone (Upper Thracian Plain, most of the Struma and Mesta valleys, the lower Sub-Balkan valleys); continental-Mediterranean zone (the southernmost areas of the Struma and Mesta valleys, the eastern Rhodope Mountains, Sakar and Strandzha); Black Sea zone along the coastline with an average length of 30–40 km inland; and alpine zone in the mountains above 1000 m altitude (central Balkan Mountains, Rila, Pirin, Vitosha, western Rhodope Mountains, etc.). 1869: 4622: 2238: 4401: 18631: 1238: 1943: 4493: 3507: 2602: 2064: 2528: 1445: 3707: 19923: 159: 5126: 2379: 1617: 3005: 3878:(TFR) in Bulgaria was 1.59 children per woman, a slight increase from 1.56 in 2018, and well above the all-time low of 1.1 in 1997, but still below the replacement rate of 2.1 and considerably below the historical high of 5.83 children per woman in 1905. Bulgaria thus has one of the oldest populations in the world, with an average age of 43 years. Furthermore, a third of all households consist of only one person and 75.5% of families do not have children under the age of 16. The resulting birth rates are among the lowest in the world while 2407: 5348: 2230: 4642: 2817: 68: 3221: 3285: 21095: 19808: 740: 54: 595: 20926: 18936: 21018: 17754: 1768: 5268: 18948: 21006: 21031: 21166: 21076: 21108: 21050: 20993: 21153: 21140: 21063: 21121: 17744: 4653: 765: 717: 698: 665: 646: 2113: 13041: 14643: 3293: 2570:. Elections are supervised by an independent Central Election Commission that includes members from all major political parties. Parties must register with the commission prior to participating in a national election. Normally, the prime minister-elect is the leader of the party receiving the most votes in parliamentary elections, although this is not always the case. 12680: 11568: 13035: 1826:, which governed all Orthodox Christians regardless of their ethnicity. Most of the local population then gradually lost its distinct national consciousness, identifying only by its faith. The clergy remaining in some isolated monasteries kept their ethnic identity alive, enabling its survival in remote rural areas, and in the militant 3413:

the manufacturing and energy sectors. The main destinations of Bulgarian exports outside the EU are Turkey, China and Serbia, while Russia, Turkey and China are by far the largest import partners. Most of the exports are manufactured goods, machinery, chemicals, fuel products and food. Two-thirds of food and agricultural exports go to

2334:, at 2,925 metres (9,596 ft), is the highest point in both Bulgaria and the Balkans. The Black Sea coast is the country's lowest point. Plains occupy about one third of the territory, while plateaux and hills occupy 41%. Most rivers are short and with low water levels. The longest river located solely in Bulgarian territory, the 2593:, a body of 240 deputies elected to four-year terms by direct popular vote. The National Assembly has the power to enact laws, approve the budget, schedule presidential elections, select and dismiss the prime minister and other ministers, declare war, deploy troops abroad, and ratify international treaties and agreements. 12676: 11779: 16831: 5592: 11311:

Bulgaria gave the highest priority to scientific and technological advancement and the development of trade skills appropriate to an industrial state. In 1948 approximately 80 percent of the population drew their living from the soil, but by 1988 less than one-fifth of the labour force was engaged in

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station, is causing the highest damage to health and the environment in the European Union. Pesticide use in agriculture and antiquated industrial sewage systems produce extensive soil and water pollution. Water quality began to improve in 1998 and has maintained a trend of moderate improvement. Over

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partially funds public schools, colleges and universities, sets criteria for textbooks and oversees the publishing process. Education in primary and secondary public schools is free and compulsory. The process spans 12 grades, in which grades one through eight are primary and nine through twelve are

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are among the major industrial activities. Mining alone employs 24,000 people and generates about 5% of the country's GDP; the number of employed in all mining-related industries is 120,000. Bulgaria is Europe's fifth-largest coal producer. Local deposits of coal, iron, copper and lead are vital for

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legal system. The judiciary is overseen by the Ministry of Justice. The Supreme Administrative Court and the Supreme Court of Cassation are the highest courts of appeal and oversee the application of laws in subordinate courts. The Supreme Judicial Council manages the system and appoints judges. The

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that provided for a relatively weak elected president and for a prime minister accountable to the legislature was adopted in July 1991. The new system initially failed to improve living standards or create economic growth—the average quality of life and economic performance remained lower than under

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In international sports competition, Bulgarians have excelled in tennis, wrestling, boxing, and gymnastics, but the country's greatest repute may be in weight-lifting. ... Fans of football (soccer), the most popular sport in Bulgaria, were buoyed by the success of the national team in the 1994

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The early impetus of Bulgarian traditions in the arts was cut short by the Ottoman occupation in the 14th century, and many early masterpieces were destroyed. ... the foundations were laid for later artists such as Vladimir Dimitrov, an extremely gifted painter specializing in the rural scenes

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Bulgaria is a middle-sized country situated in Southeastern Europe, in the east of the Balkans. Its territory covers an area of 110,994 square kilometres (42,855 sq mi), while land borders with its five neighbouring countries run a total length of 1,808 kilometres (1,123 mi), and its

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has deteriorated to the point where Bulgaria scores 111th globally in the World Press Freedom Index, lower than all European Union members and membership candidate states. The government has diverted EU funds to sympathetic media outlets and bribed others to be less critical on problematic topics,

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Folk music is by far the most extensive traditional art and has slowly developed throughout the ages as a fusion of Far Eastern, Oriental, medieval Eastern Orthodox and standard Western European tonalities and modes. Bulgarian folk music has a distinctive sound and uses a wide range of traditional

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account for nearly half of all healthcare spending, significantly limiting access to medical care. Other problems disrupting care provision are the emigration of doctors due to low wages, understaffed and under-equipped regional hospitals, supply shortages and frequent changes to the basic service

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application and withdrawal of foreign investment. Government officials reportedly engage in embezzlement, influence trading, government procurement violations and bribery with impunity. Government procurement in particular is a critical area in corruption risk. An estimated 10 billion leva ($ 5.99

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air masses combined with the barrier effect of its mountains. Northern Bulgaria averages 1 °C (1.8 °F) cooler, and registers 200 millimetres (7.9 in) more precipitation, than the regions south of the Balkan mountains. Temperature amplitudes vary significantly in different areas. The

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According to the government's official 2022 estimate, the population of Bulgaria consists of 6,447,710 people, down from 6,519,789 according to the last official census in 2021. The majority of the population, 72.5%, reside in urban areas. As of 2019, Sofia is the most populated urban centre with

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resulted in a 3.6% contraction of GDP in 2009 and increased unemployment. Positive growth was restored in 2010 but intercompany debt exceeded $ 59 billion, meaning that 60% of all Bulgarian companies were mutually indebted. By 2012, it had increased to $ 97 billion, or 227% of GDP. The government

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are among the best-known local foods. Meat consumption is lower than the European average, given a cultural preference for a large variety of salads. Bulgaria was the world's second-largest wine exporter until 1989, but has since lost that position. The 2016 harvest yielded 128 million litres of

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funds are spent on public tenders each year; nearly 14 billion ($ 8.38 billion) were spent on public contracts in 2017 alone. A large share of these contracts are awarded to a few politically connected companies amid widespread irregularities, procedure violations and tailor-made award criteria.

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the following year. Expenditures amounted to $ 21.15 billion and revenues were $ 21.67 billion in 2017. Most government spending on institutions is earmarked for security. The ministries of defence, the interior and justice are allocated the largest share of the annual government budget, whereas

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Contemporary Bulgarian culture blends the formal culture that helped forge a national consciousness towards the end of Ottoman rule with millennia-old folk traditions. An essential element of Bulgarian folklore is fire, used to banish evil spirits and illnesses. Many of these are personified as

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Bulgaria's scales are numerous, and it may be demonstrated that they are a fusion of Eastern and Western influences. ... first, Oriental scales; second, church modes: the osmoglasie ... third, the conventional scales of Western Europe. ... Among the scales which have come to the

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In contrast, the earliest exploitation and working of gold occurs in the Balkans during the mid-fifth millennium BC, several centuries after the earliest known copper smelting. This is demonstrated most spectacularly in the various objects adorning the burials at Varna, Bulgaria (Renfrew 1986;

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minorities account for 8.4 and 4.4%, respectively; some 40 smaller minorities account for 1.3%, and 1.3% do not self-identify with an ethnic group. The Roma minority is usually underestimated in census data and may represent up to 11% of the population. Population density is 55-60 per square

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in 1980s ... the Communist leader, Todor Zhivkov, began a campaign of cultural assimilation that forced ethnic Turks to adopt Slavic names, closed their mosques and prayer houses and suppressed any attempts at protest. One result was the mass exodus of more than 300,000 ethnic Turks to

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The conquest of the Balkans and the rise of the Bulgarian Empire was not a disaster for the indigenous population and its material and spiritual culture. The settlers and the local Romanised or semi-Romanised Thraco-Illyrian Christians influenced each other's way of life and socio-economic

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per capita (in PPS) and the cost of living in 2019 stood at 53 and 52.8% of the EU average (100%), respectively. National PPP GDP was estimated at $ 143.1 billion in 2016, with a per capita value of $ 20,116. Economic growth statistics take into account illegal transactions from the

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caused a steep decline in industrial and agricultural production, ultimately followed by an economic collapse in 1997. The economy largely recovered during a period of rapid growth several years later, but the average salary of 2,072 leva ($ 1,142) per month remains the lowest in the EU.

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The national road network has a total length of 19,512 kilometres (12,124 mi), of which 19,235 kilometres (11,952 mi) are paved. Railroads are a major mode of freight transportation, although highways carry a progressively larger share of freight. Bulgaria has 6,238 kilometres

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cooperatively used by the United States and Bulgarian militaries. Despite its active international defence collaborations, Bulgaria ranks as among the most peaceful countries globally, tying 6th alongside Iceland regarding domestic and international conflicts, and 26th on average in the

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Highamet al. 2007). In contrast, the earliest gold objects found in Southwest Asia date only to the beginning of the fourth millennium BC as at Nahal Qanah in Israel (Golden 2009), suggesting that gold exploitation may have been a Southeast European invention, albeit a short-lived one.

2797:). A new administrative structure was adopted in parallel with the decentralisation of the economic system. It includes 27 provinces and a metropolitan capital province (Sofia-Grad). All areas take their names from their respective capital cities. The provinces are subdivided into 265 6309:

The graves at Varna range from poor to richly endowed, suggesting a rather high degree of social differentiation. Their discovery has led to a re-evaluation of the form of social organization characteristic of the Varna culture and of the onset of social stratification in Neolithic

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There were almost no remnants of a Bulgarian ethnic identity; the population defined itself as Christians, according to the Ottoman system of millets, that is, communities of religious beliefs. The first attempts to define a Bulgarian ethnicity started at the beginning of the 19th

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and is largely based on services, followed by industry—especially machine building and mining—and agriculture. The country faces a demographic crisis; its population peaked at 9 million in 1989, and has since decreased to under 6.4 million as of 2024. Bulgaria is a member of the

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are the second-largest religious community and constitute approx. 10% of Bulgaria's overall religious makeup. A 2011 survey of 850 Muslims in Bulgaria found 30% self-professing as deeply religious and 50% as just religious. According to the study, some religious teachings, like

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In 1998, the Bulgarian government adopted the National Biological Diversity Conservation Strategy, a comprehensive programme seeking the preservation of local ecosystems, protection of endangered species and conservation of genetic resources. Bulgaria has some of the largest

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has reported a continuing deterioration of democratic governance after 2009, citing reduced media independence, stalled reforms, abuse of authority at the highest level and increased dependence of local administrations on the central government. Bulgaria is still

3240:. From a largely agricultural country with a predominantly rural population in 1948, by the 1980s Bulgaria had transformed into an industrial economy, with scientific and technological research at the top of its budgetary expenditure priorities. The loss of 146: 15967:

Accordingly, when Bulgaria was converted to Christianity (after 865), bringing massive Slavic-speaking populations within the pale of Christendom, a new literary language, Old Church Slavonic, directly based upon Bulgarian speech, developed for their

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subsequently failed to achieve peace with the Allies. Bulgaria did not comply with Soviet demands to expel German forces from its territory, resulting in a declaration of war and an invasion by the USSR in September 1944. The communist-dominated

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took power, ended participation in the Axis and joined the Allied side until the war ended. Bulgaria suffered little war damage and the Soviet Union demanded no reparations. But all wartime territorial gains, with the notable exception of

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Yet we cannot identify the Thracians at that remote period, because we do not know for certain whether the Thracian and Illyrian tribes had separated by then. It is safer to speak of Proto-Thracians from whom there developed in the Iron

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legal system is regarded by both domestic and international observers as one of Europe's most inefficient due to a pervasive lack of transparency and corruption. Law enforcement is carried out by organisations mainly subordinate to the

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Bulgaria's strategic geographic location and well-developed energy sector make it a key European energy centre despite its lack of significant fossil fuel deposits. Thermal power plants generate 48.9% of electricity, followed by

1484:, an extinct tribal confederacy situated north of the Black Sea in what is now Ukraine and southern Russia. Asparukh attacked Byzantine territories in Moesia and conquered the Slavic tribes there in 680. A peace treaty with the 1307:

treasure contains the oldest golden jewellery in the world with an approximate age of over 6,000 years. The treasure has been valuable for understanding social hierarchy and stratification in the earliest European societies.

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But a sharp decline in the quality of state healthcare and high poverty rates—42% of the population are at risk of poverty in old age, according to Eurostat—gives Bulgaria the second-lowest life expectancy in the EU after

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formed a new coalition between We Continue The Change and GERB. According to the coalition agreement, Denkov will lead the government for the first nine months. He will be succeeded by former European Commissioner,

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World Cup, when it advanced to the semi-final match under the leadership of forward Hristo Stoichkov. The premier league in Bulgaria has 16 teams, of which four play in Sofia: CSKA, Levski, Slavia, and Lokomotiv.

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resulted in the formation of the third and current Bulgarian state, which declared independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1908. Many ethnic Bulgarians were left outside the new nation's borders, which stoked

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bolstered national pride by promoting Bulgarian heritage, culture and arts worldwide. Facing declining birth rates among the ethnic Bulgarian majority, Zhivkov's government in 1984 forced the minority ethnic

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on 25 April 2005, and became a full member of the European Union on 1 January 2007. In addition, it has a tripartite economic and diplomatic collaboration with Romania and Greece, good ties with China and

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Tillier, Anne-Marie; Sirakov, Nikolay; Guadelli, Aleta; Fernandez, Philippe; Sirakova, Svoboda (October 2017). "Evidence of Neanderthals in the Balkans: The infant radius from Kozarnika Cave (Bulgaria)".

2006:, and leaving large populations of ethnic Bulgarians outside the new country. This significantly contributed to Bulgaria's militaristic foreign affairs approach during the first half of the 20th century. 20962: 14397: 11805: 5349: 14926: 12423: 3522:(BAS). Private businesses accounted for more than 73% of R&D expenditures and employed 42% of Bulgaria's 22,000 researchers in 2015. The same year, Bulgaria ranked 39th out of 50 countries in the 21213: 14103: 11502: 10779: 10024: 2191:

communism well into the early 2000s. After 2001, economic, political and geopolitical conditions improved greatly, and Bulgaria achieved high Human Development status in 2003. It became a member of

8644: 12621: 9183: 2765:—a specialised branch for anti-terrorist activity, crisis management and riot control. Counterintelligence and national security are the responsibility of the State Agency for National Security. 15145: 14733: 14697: 12135: 2095:. The sudden death of Boris III in mid-1943 pushed the country into political turmoil as the war turned against Germany, and the communist guerrilla movement gained momentum. The government of 11390:

The previous 1997 Economic Survey of Bulgaria documented how a combination of difficult initial conditions, delays in structural reforms, ... culminated in the economic crisis of 1996–97.

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those responsible for the environment, tourism and energy receive the least funding. Taxes form the bulk of government revenue at 30% of GDP. Bulgaria has some of the lowest corporate income

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origin that founded the First Bulgarian Empire. Their name is not completely understood and is difficult to trace it back earlier than the 4th century AD, but it is possibly derived from the

127: 9970: 9939: 9561: 3277:, corporate and personal income tax are national, whereas real estate, inheritance, and vehicle taxes are levied by local authorities. Strong economic performance in the early 2000s reduced 2753:(GDNP) combats general crime and maintains public order. GDNP fields 26,578 police officers in its local and national sections. The bulk of criminal cases are transport-related, followed by 15713:

of his native country ... At the beginning of the 21st century, the best-known contemporary Bulgarian artist was Christo, an environmental sculptor known for wrapping famous structures

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The labour force is 3.36 million people, of whom 6.8% are employed in agriculture, 26.6% in industry and 66.6% in the services sector. Extraction of metals and minerals, production of

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Although cereal and vegetable output dropped by 40% between 1990 and 2008, output in grains has since increased, and the 2016–2017 season registered the biggest grain output in a decade.

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The oldest known gold jewelry in the world is from an archaeological site in Varna Necropolis, Bulgaria, and is over 6,000 years old (radiocarbon dated between 4,600 BC and 4,200 BC).

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Bulgaria's conversion had a political dimension, for it contributed both to the growth of central authority and to the merging of Bulgars and Slavs into a unified Bulgarian people.

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in 1885, proclaiming itself an independent state on 5 October 1908. In the years following independence, Bulgaria increasingly militarised and was often referred to as "the Balkan

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Quote: "real wages increased 75 percent, consumption of meat, fruit, and vegetables increased markedly, medical facilities and doctors became available to more of the population"

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developed innovative training practices that have produced many Bulgarian world and Olympic champions in weight-lifting since the 1980s. Bulgarian athletes have also excelled in

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or unaffiliated with any religion, a percentage that has been growing rapidly over the past 20 years, from 3.9% in 2001, through 9.3% in 2011 and all the way to 15.9% in 2021.

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Siphoning of public funds to the families and relatives of politicians from incumbent parties has resulted in fiscal and welfare losses to society. Bulgaria ranks 71st in the

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but has a number of grammatical peculiarities that set it apart from other Slavic languages: these include a complex verbal morphology (which also codes for distinctions in

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in the European Union, a phenomenon that remains a source of profound public discontent. Along with organised crime, corruption has resulted in a rejection of the country's

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computing technology production. A concerted effort by the communist government to teach computing and IT skills in schools also indirectly made Bulgaria a major source of

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has been acquired, but the fate of the project remains uncertain. Installed capacity amounts to 12,668 MW, allowing Bulgaria to exceed domestic demand and export energy.

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systems across six air bases, and the navy operates various ships, helicopters and coastal defence weapons. Military inventory mainly consists of Soviet equipment like

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conquered the region in AD 45. After the Roman state splintered, tribal invasions in the region resumed. Around the 6th century, these territories were settled by the

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implemented strict austerity measures with IMF and EU encouragement to some positive fiscal results, but the social consequences of these measures, such as increased

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researchers in the EU, as well as the second-highest ratio of females in the technology sector at 44.6% of the workforce. High levels of female participation are a

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wave. Some 937,000 to 1,200,000 people—mostly young adults—had left the country by 2005. The majority of children are born to unmarried women. In 2024, the average

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to adopt Slavic names in an attempt to erase their identity and assimilate them. These policies resulted in the emigration of some 300,000 ethnic Turks to Turkey.

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The interaction of climatic, hydrological, geological and topographical conditions has produced a relatively wide variety of plant and animal species. Bulgaria's

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in 476. The Byzantines were engaged in prolonged warfare against Persia and could not defend their Balkan territories from barbarian incursions. This enabled the

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Bulgaria is in a state of demographic crisis. It has had negative population growth since 1989, when the post-Cold War economic collapse caused a long-lasting

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The Bulgarian nobility was destroyed—its members either perished, fled, or accepted Islam and Turkicization—and the peasantry was enserfed to Turkish masters.

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Fouracre, Paul; McKitterick, Rosamond; Reuter, Timothy; Abulafia, David; Luscombe, David Edward; Allmand, C.T.; Riley-Smith, Jonathan; Jones, Michael (1995).

20115: 19439: 14430: 13847: 11524: 11456: 9007: 6785: 5541: 4592:, as well as various Protestant denominations, all of which stand for around 2% of Bulgaria's population. An ever increasing number of Bulgarians are either 3581: 17517: 17493: 17469: 17445: 17421: 17397: 17373: 17349: 17325: 17301: 17277: 17253: 17229: 17205: 17181: 17157: 17133: 17109: 17085: 15244: 14335: 14095: 12551: 12484: 12448: 7824: 7501: 1531:. The common language, religion and script strengthened central authority and gradually fused the Slavs and Bulgars into a unified people speaking a single 19300: 18346: 16849: 15344: 11496: 10783: 3945: 3027: 1123: 14236: 10260: 10001: 9372: 7148: 7097: 5495: 3488:

are some of the locations most visited by tourists. Most visitors are Romanian, Turkish, Greek and German. Tourism is additionally encouraged through the

21263: 21258: 21233: 12093: 10383: 9175: 8636: 6684: 12613: 9609: 21253: 20971: 16836:[Population by Province, Municipality, Address and Sex as of 31 December 2017] (in Bulgarian). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 2017 15518: 11402: 7954:

The "Greater Bulgaria" re-established in March 1878 on the lines of the medieval Bulgarian empire after liberation from Turkish rule did not last long.

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Fewlass, H, Talamo, S, Wacker, S, et al. (2020). "A 14C chronology for the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition at Bacho Kiro Cave, Bulgaria".

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election, but with its weakest result so far. All other parties refused to form a government, and after a brief deadlock, another election was called

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increased five-fold and per capita GDP quadrupled by the 1980s, although severe debt spikes took place in 1960, 1977 and 1980. Zhivkov's daughter

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and succeeded in re-establishing the Bulgarian state. Ivan Asen and Peter laid the foundations of the Second Bulgarian Empire with its capital at

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dynasties. Many literary and artistic masterpieces were destroyed by the Ottoman conquerors, and artistic activities did not re-emerge until the

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An Introduction to the History of the Turkic Peoples: Ethnogenesis and State Formation in Medieval and Early Modern Eurasia and the Middle East

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in 2023. Chronic government underinvestment in research since 1990 has forced many professionals in science and engineering to leave Bulgaria.

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aircraft and 200 support personnel for the war effort in Afghanistan. International military relations were further expanded with accession to

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is designated as the traditional religion of the country. Approximately two-thirds of Bulgarians identify as Eastern Orthodox Christians. The

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in World War I. Despite fielding more than a quarter of its population in a 1,200,000-strong army and achieving several decisive victories at

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Balkans from Asia, the pentatonic is one of the most widely used in Bulgaria. Whether it came from China or Japan, as Dobri Hristov suggests

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levels are the highest in Europe, especially in urban areas affected by automobile traffic and coal-based power stations. One of these, the

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to more than 2,500 millimetres (98.4 in) in the mountains. Continental air masses bring significant amounts of snowfall during winter.

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conquered parts of present-day Bulgaria (in particular eastern Bulgaria) in the 6th century BC and retained control over the region until

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The Cambridge Ancient History – part 1: The Prehistory of the Balkans, the Middle East and the Aegean World, Tenth to Eighth Centuries BC

6150: 5757: 5706: 2801:. Municipalities are run by mayors, who are elected to four-year terms, and by directly elected municipal councils. Bulgaria is a highly 2686: 15390: 14662: 12869: 12529: 12071: 8399: 7739: 7662: 7584: 7413: 6723: 6623: 6584: 6463: 6384: 6296: 6192: 6108: 6010: 19898: 19848: 17732: 15754: 13800:

Dachev, Ts.; Dimitrov, Pl.; Tomov, B.; Matviichuk, Yu.; Spurny, F.; Ploc, O. (2011). "Liulin-type spectrometry-dosimetry instruments".

11966: 11940: 11147: 9111: 6997: 6912: 3554: 2690: 2469:, which also hosts Arctic and alpine species at high altitudes. Flora includes more than 3,800 vascular plant species of which 170 are 563: 12948: 11864:[Exchange rates of the lev to the euro and Eurozone currencies replaced by the euro] (in Bulgarian). Bulgarian National Bank. 11019: 10671: 10466: 9428: 8831: 8172: 20318: 19449: 19424: 17803: 16523: 15610: 13468: 5491: 4698: 4527: 4523: 3906: 3091: 1742: 1591: 669: 10954: 2386:

Considering its relatively small area, Bulgaria has variable and complex climate. The country occupies the southernmost part of the

1791:

in 1388. The Ottomans completed their conquest of Bulgarian lands in 1393 when Tarnovo was sacked after a three-month siege and the

20093: 19469: 19290: 18986: 18339: 18267: 18086: 15625: 12024: 5052:

while attacks against individual journalists have increased. Collusion between politicians, oligarchs and the media is widespread.

4702: 4535: 3938: 2302:

The Balkan mountains run laterally through the middle of the country from west to east. The mountainous southwest has two distinct

12782: 12714: 10405: 5047:

were described as generally unbiased in their reporting in the early 2000s and print media had no legal restrictions. Since then,

3526:, the highest score being in education (24th) and the lowest in value-added manufacturing (48th). Bulgaria was ranked 38th in the 20839: 19434: 18640: 13774: 13436: 11431: 11114: 11081: 10805: 10693: 8207: 7224: 4882: 4772:

made the Bulgarian Empire a centre of Slavic culture, bringing Slavs under the influence of Christianity and providing them with

3897:

was enabled relatively late, in 1937, women today have equal political rights, high workforce participation and legally mandated

3356: 2477:

in Bulgaria by the Institute of Botany identifies more than 1,500 species. More than 35% of the land area is covered by forests.

1713:

The Asen dynasty became extinct in 1257. Internal conflicts and incessant Byzantine and Hungarian attacks followed, enabling the

1406:

to enter the Balkan Peninsula as marauders, primarily through an area between the Danube River and the Balkan Mountains known as

18921:

within the vicinity of Europe are usually grouped with the continent even though they are not situated on its continental shelf.

14868: 10322: 9587: 9265: 6424: 19539: 19240: 6958: 5144: 4678: 4531: 3311: 2671: 2643: 1775:

The Ottomans were employed as mercenaries by the Byzantines in the 1340s, but later became invaders in their own right. Sultan

1718: 17704:Теми по физическа и социално-икономическа география на България (Topics on Physical and Social-Economic Geography of Bulgaria) 13952: 13564:

Ivanova, Tanya (1998). "Six-month space greenhouse experiments—a step to creation of future biological life support systems".

11560: 10924: 10078: 9075: 3281:

from 79.6% in 1998 to 14.1% in 2008. It has since increased to 22.6% of GDP by 2022, but remains the second lowest in the EU.

2681:

Borisov's last cabinet saw a dramatic decrease in freedom of the press, and a number of corruption revelations that triggered

19841: 18045: 17692: 17671: 17633: 17605: 17559: 17049: 17030: 17009: 16988: 16967: 16440: 16144: 16070: 15991: 15960: 15930: 15900: 15748: 15482: 15443: 15052: 14807: 14496: 14030: 13703: 13621: 13506: 13318: 13214: 12002: 11065: 10861: 9849: 9535: 9406: 9219: 9011: 8792: 8595: 8432: 8393: 8366: 8303: 8240: 8107: 8065: 7947: 7869: 7733: 7695: 7578: 7457: 7337: 7303: 7255: 7200: 7030: 6991: 6906: 6875: 6850: 6798: 6756: 6717: 6617: 6578: 6539: 6509: 6457: 6378: 6290: 6186: 6144: 6102: 6004: 5700: 5525: 5191: 4382:

package for those insured. The 2018 Bloomberg Health Care Efficiency Index ranked Bulgaria last out of 56 countries. Average

3180: 2697: 2667: 2659: 2631: 2237: 1803:

was the last Bulgarian settlement to fall, in 1453. The Bulgarian nobility was subsequently eliminated and the peasantry was

1579: 1246: 521: 19873: 16679: 15280: 9505: 5648: 3066:. The first deployment of foreign troops on Bulgarian soil since World War II occurred in 2001, when the country hosted six 2554:

and the most powerful executive position. The political system has three branches—legislative, executive and judicial, with

21010: 19886: 18119: 17906: 14813: 14261: 12320: 11211: 9698: 5655: 4001: 3986: 3981: 3966: 3384:, EU institutions refrain from taking measures against Bulgaria because it supports Brussels on a number of issues, unlike 2639: 941: 7899: 6653: 4361:

High death rates result from a combination of an ageing population, high numbers of people at risk of poverty, and a weak

1710:, while commerce and culture flourished. Ivan Asen's rule was also marked by a shift away from Rome in religious matters. 19910: 19395: 19350: 19265: 19190: 18332: 17077: 16307: 15907:

Thus, with its early emphasis on Christian Orthodox scholarship, Bulgaria became the first major centre of Slavic culture

14139: 13421: 12892: 12285:"US State Dept criticises Bulgaria on prisons, judiciary, corruption, people-trafficking and violence against minorities" 10839: 10587: 8686: 8143: 7966: 5241: 3931: 2585:

of the armed forces, and has the authority to return a bill for further debate, although the parliament can override the

2422: 1929: 13262:

Shopov, V. (2007). "The impact of the European scientific area on the 'Brain leaking' problem in the Balkan countries".

10492: 19931: 19823: 19652: 19504: 18824: 18114: 16482: 15170: 14607: 14099: 12974: 10524: 8554: 7784: 7656: 7617: 7535: 7066: 6952: 6121:

The first major gold-working centre was situated at the mouth of the Danube, on the shores of the Black Sea in Bulgaria

5751: 5183: 5151: 4621: 3501: 3376: 2750: 2196: 2135:

of some 1,000–3,000 dissidents, war criminals, and members of the former royal elite. But it was not until 1946 that a

933: 702: 14459: 11259: 10056: 8751: 4557:, have been traditionally incorporated and are widely practiced while other major ones are less observed, such as the 2654:

after Borisov failed to secure parliamentary support. The Oresharski government resigned in July 2014 amid continuing

19255: 17715: 16932: 16878: 16752: 15592: 15548: 15119: 14550: 13664: 12372: 12348:[A record in public procurement: tenders worth nearly 14 billion lv unveiled] (in Bulgarian). Kapital Daily. 12065: 11371: 10645: 10289: 8137:"Aggregate and Per Capita GDP in Europe, 1870–2000: Continental, Regional and National Data with Changing Boundaries" 6516:

However, one of the Thracian tribes, the Odrysians, succeeded in unifying the Thracians and creating a powerful state

6345: 5249: 4945:

in 1990 for its performances of Bulgarian folk music. Written musical composition can be traced back to the works of

4909:

introduced newer styles and substance, depicting scenery from Bulgarian villages, old towns and historical subjects.

4496: 3347: 2729: 1905: 1884:. It restored national consciousness and provided an ideological basis for the liberation struggle, resulting in the 1344: 13733:"Radiation environment investigations during ExoMars missions to Mars – objectives, experiments and instrumentation" 11859: 20425: 19514: 19365: 17864: 15937:

And it was mainly from Bulgaria that a rich supply of literary monuments was transferred to Kiev and other centres.

8964: 6804: 2809:

directly appoints regional governors and all provinces and municipalities are heavily dependent on it for funding.

2682: 1933: 1399: 1060: 1043: 19484: 16401: 16223: 15368:, p. 5 In the 2011 census, the language question was optional and it was answered by 90.2% of those surveyed. 14434: 13843: 13367: 13302: 12838: 11538: 11470: 8893: 5555: 3720:(BTC) serves more than 90% of fixed lines and is one of the three operators providing mobile services, along with 2128: 1862: 19444: 19260: 19180: 18889: 18026: 17911: 16251: 15258: 14349: 12565: 12498: 12462: 9432: 7816: 7493: 5209: 4581: 3591:. These include two scientific satellites, more than 200 payloads and 300 experiments in Earth orbit, as well as 3023: 2746: 2538:: The headquarters of the Presidency (right), the National Assembly (centre) and the Council of Ministers (left). 2497: 2367:

lowest recorded temperature is −38.3 °C (−36.9 °F), while the highest is 45.2 °C (113.4 °F).

2150:

state. By the mid-1950s, standards of living rose significantly and political repression eased. The Soviet-style

1127: 16859: 16804: 15336: 10976: 8716: 7140: 7089: 5614: 5454: 2174:

The Communist Party was forced to give up its political monopoly on 10 November 1989 under the influence of the

1888:. Up to 30,000 Bulgarians were killed as Ottoman authorities put down the rebellion. The massacres prompted the 21223: 20890: 20865: 19370: 19160: 17869: 16656: 15406: 14229: 12812: 10256: 9993: 9376: 9324: 5483: 4626: 2441:

species. Overall, 41,493 plant and animal species are present. Larger mammals with sizable populations include

1937: 1881: 1575: 1035:(1218–1241). After numerous exhausting wars and feudal strife, the empire disintegrated and in 1396 fell under 650: 384: 15811:"Nestinarstvo, messages from the past: the Panagyr of Saints Constantine and Helena in the village of Bulgari" 12101: 10373: 9905: 6676: 6253: 2666:

with several right-wing parties, but resigned again after the candidate backed by his party failed to win the

2354:

Bulgaria has a varied and changeable climate, which results from being positioned at the meeting point of the

1578:. After the conquest, Basil II prevented revolts by retaining the rule of local nobility, integrating them in 20311: 19570: 19295: 19220: 17987: 17796: 13287: 10994:"Bulgaria's Parliament votes additional military aid for Ukraine, possibility of air space for F-16 training" 9811: 9613: 6065: 4738: 4511: 3519: 3489: 3054:

Bulgaria deployed significant numbers of both civilian and military advisors in Soviet-allied countries like

2999: 2724:, with a political system designated as a semi-consolidated democracy, albeit with deteriorating scores. The 2642:

over the low living standards, corruption and the perceived failure of the democratic system. The subsequent

865: 846: 841: 20940: 20570: 11204:"Ракети, радари, бронирани машини. Как България се разбърза да превъоръжи армията заради агресията на Русия" 5917: 4400: 67: 21218: 19545: 19499: 19330: 18979: 18737: 18143: 18033: 17951: 17574:

Muslim Lives in Eastern Europe: Gender, Ethnicity and the Transformation of Islam in Postsocialist Bulgaria

16191: 16168: 9784: 5743:

Siege Warfare and Military Organization in the Successor States (400–800 AD): Byzantium, the West and Islam

4764:

literary schools in the 10th century is associated with a golden period in Bulgarian literature during the

4599:

According to the most recent census of 2021 the religious denominations of the population are, as follows:

3741: 3363: 2590: 2142:

was instituted following a referendum. It fell into the Soviet sphere of influence under the leadership of

2132: 2088: 1868: 1632:

Byzantine domestic policies changed after Basil's death and a series of unsuccessful rebellions broke out,

1516: 833: 462: 19959: 11594: 10619: 10344: 4408:

Public expenditures for education are far below the European Union average as well. Educational standards

3326:, which alone generate 42% of national gross domestic product despite hosting only 22% of the population. 2371:

averages about 630 millimetres (24.8 in) per year, and varies from 500 millimetres (19.7 in) in

1900:

to seek a military solution without risking confrontation with other Great Powers, as had happened in the

20621: 19590: 19489: 19340: 19175: 18915:

Considered European for cultural, political and historical reasons but is geographically in Western Asia.

18257: 18014: 17916: 16575: 15254: 15115: 14765: 14729: 14693: 14345: 14165: 14135: 13978: 12715:"Trade In Goods of Bulgaria With Third Countries In the Period January – October 2019 (Preliminary Data)" 12561: 12494: 12458: 11534: 11466: 10519:[Summary of staff and vacancies in structures of the Ministry of the Interior as of 31 May 2018] 9639: 9152:[The future of Bulgaria's natural parks and their administrations]. Gora Magazine. Archived from 8951: 5588: 5551: 4634: 4577: 3905:

ranked Bulgaria as the best European country for women to work. Bulgaria has the highest ratio of female

3661: 3592: 3103: 2368: 2101: 1979: 1827: 11971:[Business points to a major disproportion in Bulgaria] (in Bulgarian). Dir.bg. 14 January 2013. 7560: 7361: 5150:. Since then, Bulgarian athletes have won 55 gold, 90 silver, and 85 bronze medals, ranking 25th in the 3772:. Sofia is the country's air travel hub, while Varna and Burgas are the principal maritime trade ports. 2394:. The continental zone is predominant, because continental air masses flow easily into the unobstructed 1374:

By the end of the 1st century AD, Roman governance was established over the entire Balkan Peninsula and

1090:

composed of 28 provinces, with a high degree of political, administrative, and economic centralisation.

19479: 19381: 19325: 19270: 18055: 17936: 17525: 17501: 17477: 17453: 17429: 17405: 17381: 17357: 17333: 17309: 17285: 17261: 17237: 17213: 17189: 17165: 17141: 17117: 17093: 15776: 15433: 14985: 14371: 13276: 12097: 10866: 9288: 7216: 5133: 5025: 4885:. Like literature, it was not until the National Revival when Bulgarian visual arts began to reemerge. 4793: 4722: 4706: 3991: 3971: 3749: 3523: 2798: 2778: 2693:. It too failed to break the stalemate, as no political party was able to form a coalition government. 2547: 1669: 1024: 827: 803: 427: 412: 17651: 11887: 10293: 21208: 19420: 17901: 17747: 16905: 16898: 16379: 15656: 15570: 14191: 14004: 13064: 12746: 10698:[Todor Zhivkov's dream – Bulgaria in the EC in '87] (in Bulgarian). Dnes.bg. 15 August 2008. 10103:"Bulgaria election: PM Borissov's party wins but falls short of majority | DW | 05.04.2021" 5365: 4863: 4726: 4589: 4515: 4459: 4370: 3816: 3653: 3542: 3245: 2663: 2647: 2395: 2296: 2283:. The southern edge of the Danubian Plain slopes upward into the foothills of the Balkans, while the 2261: 2183: 2120: 2042: 1983: 1893: 1587: 1520: 1064: 932:

to the north. It covers a territory of 110,994 square kilometres (42,855 sq mi) and is the

319: 287: 20: 13248: 8516: 8147: 1347:. The invasion became a catalyst for Thracian unity, and the bulk of their tribes united under king 20410: 20304: 19533: 19359: 19305: 19285: 19235: 18215: 18180: 17997: 17977: 17854: 17789: 12373:"The Bulgarian Public Procurement Market: Corruption Risks and Dynamics in the Construction Sector" 11237: 10950: 7937: 6221: 6205:

grave 43 at the Varna cemetery, the richest single grave from Old Europe, dated about 4600–4500 BC.

5058:

is similar to that of other Balkan countries and demonstrates strong Turkish and Greek influences.

5016: 4600: 3898: 3890: 3781: 3677: 3603: 3515: 3195: 3039: 2741: 2674:

was again won by GERB, but with 95 seats in Parliament. They formed a coalition with the far-right

2563: 2490: 2187: 2092: 1999: 1729:

that expelled the Mongols from Bulgaria and briefly made him emperor. He was overthrown in 1280 by

1200: 1176:" groups, which during the 4th century were portrayed as both: a "mixed race" and "troublemakers". 1080: 1032: 581: 508: 73: 16107: 14940: 14896: 13390: 13332: 13196: 11834: 11327: 9873: 9350: 1259:, are some of the earliest traces of human activity in the lands of modern Bulgaria. Remains from 20870: 20296: 20139: 19595: 19524: 19376: 19354: 19250: 18972: 18109: 18081: 18002: 17844: 16704: 16087: 15384: 10565: 7996: 4781: 4757: 4714: 4492: 4168: 3716:

Telephone services are widely available, and a central digital trunk line connects most regions.

3649: 3527: 3336: 3319: 3079: 2959: 2543: 2049:

to Bulgaria from 1912 to 1929, placing additional strain on the already ruined national economy.

2038: 1975: 1846: 1611: 1512: 1028: 754: 627: 495: 16779: 14192:"Population by Ethnic Group, Statistical Regions, Districts and Municipalities as of 07/09/2021" 13165: 11290: 10234: 7403: 7192: 7186: 1237: 20860: 20693: 20107: 19865: 19399: 19335: 19320: 19276: 18410: 18205: 18021: 17992: 17839: 16730: 16034: 13873: 9725: 7725:

Nationalism, Globalization, and Orthodoxy: The Social Origins of Ethnic Conflict in the Balkans

7609:

Conversion to Islam in the Balkans: Kisve Bahası – Petitions and Ottoman Social Life, 1670–1730

7295: 5252:

group stage in a mere nine years. Placed 39th in 2018, it is Bulgaria's highest-ranked club in

5245: 4992:

elevated to a world-class level. Bulgarian performers have gained acclaim in other genres like

4378: 4374: 3409: 3237: 3203: 3121: 3115: 3087: 2806: 2762: 2701: 2204: 2159: 2033:, Bulgaria again found itself fighting on the losing side as a result of its alliance with the 1995: 1885: 1854: 1842: 1489: 1439: 1419: 1102: 1087: 1000: 677: 621: 482: 19833: 16627: 16136: 16130: 15981: 15920: 15472: 14486: 13732: 13693: 13650: 13611: 13496: 13005: 12587: 10644:[The oblasts in Bulgaria. Portraits]. Ministry of Regional Development. Archived from 9373:"Report on European Environment Agency about the Nature protection and biodiversity in Europe" 8422: 8293: 8230: 8097: 8051: 7774: 7685: 7607: 7447: 7329: 7323: 7020: 6746: 6531:

The Macedonian Empire: The Era of Warfare Under Philip II and Alexander the Great, 359–323 B.C

6529: 6134: 5741: 5690: 4913:

is the most famous Bulgarian artist of the 21st century, known for his outdoor installations.

2182:. The first free elections in June 1990 were won by the Communist Party, now rebranded as the 1942: 20430: 19610: 19246: 18893: 18756: 18727: 18170: 18160: 18129: 18050: 17982: 17921: 17879: 17615: 16430: 15950: 15890: 15510: 15379: 14652: 12861: 12521: 12055: 11501:[2018 Budget: More for salaries, health and pensions] (in Bulgarian). Kapital Daily. 9101: 8746: 8383: 8358: 7723: 7646: 7564: 7398: 7022:

The Entry of the Slavs Into Christendom: An Introduction to the Medieval History of the Slavs

6707: 6607: 6568: 6447: 6368: 6280: 6176: 6092: 5994: 5155: 4761: 4450: 4417: 4409: 4395: 4338: 4186: 3996: 3976: 3701: 3156: 3125: 3055: 2944: 2774: 2612: 2574: 2573:

Unlike the prime minister, presidential domestic power is more limited. The directly elected

2509: 2391: 2355: 2224: 2076: 1951: 1913: 809: 550: 397: 15738: 11944: 10349:[Our justice system – a leader in corruption] (in Bulgarian). News.bg. 3 June 2010. 9473: 8941: 8350: 7287: 6981: 6896: 5199: 3026:

three times, most recently from 2002 to 2003. It was also among the founding nations of the

2816: 53: 20667: 19560: 19390: 19315: 19165: 19150: 18247: 18187: 18096: 17965: 15606: 14616: 13573: 13313:. Eds. C. Pimpirev and N. Chipev. Sofia: St. Kliment Ohridski University Press. pp. 17–28. 11677:[GDP – regional level] (in Bulgarian). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 10667: 10462: 9440: 8827: 8176: 5936: 5864: 5813: 5221: 5205: 5140: 5048: 4566: 4487: 4430: 4100: 3875: 3297: 3168: 3035: 2949: 2832: 2721: 2522: 2179: 2139: 2084: 1877: 1746: 1665: 1621: 1449: 1356: 819: 379: 348: 177: 98: 19922: 15657:"Population by Religious Denomination, Statistical Regions and Districts as of 07/09/2021" 13464: 2601: 2063: 8: 20906: 20723: 20011: 19732: 19585: 19311: 19225: 19145: 19140: 19131: 18849: 18682: 18480: 18286: 18197: 18124: 18069: 17859: 17821: 17625: 17066: 16924: 15892:

An Introduction to post-Communist Bulgaria: Political, Economic and Social Transformation

11331: 10029: 8858:"The Big Question: With Romania and Bulgaria joining the EU, how much bigger can it get?" 5281: 5213: 4811: 4773: 4710: 4674: 4616: 4507: 4202: 4016: 3894: 3732:

penetration stood at 69.2% of the population aged 16–74 and 78.9% of households in 2020.

3629: 3617: 3578: 3449: 3381: 3352: 3266: 3229: 3215: 3199: 3141: 3133: 3067: 3012: 2883: 2862: 2635: 2387: 2363: 2250: 2175: 2053: 2010: 1850: 1792: 1641: 1508: 1495:

Succeeding rulers strengthened the Bulgarian state throughout the 8th and 9th centuries.

1208: 1185: 1094: 1068: 1019:. The First Bulgarian Empire lasted until the early 11th century, when Byzantine emperor 992: 976: 469: 18828: 17645: 13577: 13465:"Digital Single Market: Europe announces eight sites to host world-class supercomputers" 13364:"Bulgaria's ICT Sector Turnover Trebled over Last Seven Years – Deputy Economy Minister" 6983:

The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century

5940: 5868: 5817: 2696:

In April 2023, because of the political deadlock, Bulgaria held its fifth parliamentary

21248: 20911: 20708: 19605: 19575: 19565: 19550: 19455: 19281: 19136: 18748: 18324: 18242: 18210: 18165: 18091: 17834: 17594: 17589: 17569: 17543: 16312: 16284: 15249: 15110: 14760: 14724: 14688: 14657: 14340: 14130: 13236: 12786: 12556: 12489: 12453: 11529: 11461: 11420: 10754:"European Commission Enlargement Archives: Treaty of Accession of Bulgaria and Romania" 10615:Историческо развитие на административно–териториалното устройство на Република България 10516:Справка за щатната численост и незаетите бройки в структурите на МВР към 31 May 2018 г. 10409: 10378: 9468: 8946: 8600: 6787:

The Making of the Slavs: History and Archaeology of the Lower Danube Region, c. 500–700

6057: 5968: 5898: 5546: 5401: 5356: 5179: 5032: 4807: 4455: 4434: 4356: 3725: 3697: 3550: 3405: 3096: 3074:

in March 2004 and the US-Bulgarian Defence Cooperation Agreement signed in April 2006.

2857: 2582: 2555: 2551: 2466: 2410: 2253: 1967: 1726: 1722: 1571: 1563: 1481: 1383: 1256: 1228: 1196: 1072: 996: 256: 244: 19621: 15864: 13778: 13585: 11088: 10809: 9558:"Industrial facilities causing the highest damage costs to health and the environment" 8261: 6945:

History of the First Bulgarian Empire. Period of Hunnic-Bulgarian domination (679–852)

4753:, whose life has been the subject of numerous literary accounts since Medieval times. 3577:, the most powerful supercomputer in Southeast Europe, and will host one of the eight 3506: 2318:

to the east, and various medium altitude mountains to west, northwest and south, like

2249:

coastline is 354 kilometres (220 mi) long. Bulgaria's geographic coordinates are

1444: 21203: 21055: 20713: 20450: 19600: 19580: 19555: 19474: 19385: 19215: 19210: 19155: 19039: 18947: 18455: 18295: 18262: 18252: 18232: 18220: 18155: 17941: 17711: 17688: 17667: 17629: 17601: 17577: 17555: 17548: 17045: 17026: 17005: 16984: 16963: 16436: 16140: 16042: 15987: 15956: 15926: 15896: 15744: 15696: 15571:"Religious demography in the censuses of 1887, 1905, 1926, 1946, 1992, 2001 and 2011" 15478: 15439: 15000: 14803: 14612: 14492: 13825: 13817: 13744: 13699: 13660: 13617: 13589: 13502: 13314: 13210: 12061: 11367: 11061: 10318: 10025:"Bulgaria's government will include far-right nationalist parties for the first time" 9583: 9257: 8550: 8428: 8389: 8362: 8351: 8299: 8236: 8103: 8061: 7943: 7780: 7729: 7691: 7652: 7613: 7574: 7453: 7333: 7299: 7288: 7251: 7196: 7026: 6987: 6948: 6940:История на Първото българско Царство. I. Епоха на хуно–българското надмощие (679–852) 6902: 6871: 6846: 6794: 6752: 6713: 6613: 6574: 6535: 6505: 6453: 6416: 6374: 6286: 6182: 6140: 6098: 6061: 6000: 5972: 5960: 5902: 5890: 5837: 5829: 5747: 5696: 5521: 5120: 5055: 5044: 4965: 4906: 4898: 4843: 4827: 4789: 4607:(10.8%), other religions (0.1%). Further 12.4% were unaffiliated or did not respond. 4604: 4549: 3859: 3706: 3610: 3588: 3546: 3534: 3401: 3176: 2918: 2651: 2586: 2426: 2315: 2277: 2163: 2106: 2057: 2030: 1838: 1834: 1340: 1212: 1119: 342: 14557:. World Population Prospects: The 2022 Revision | United Nations Population Division 10406:"Transparency International report: Bulgaria perceived as EU's most corrupt country" 6935: 5996:

The Gods and Goddesses of Old Europe: 7000 to 3500 BC Myths, Legends and Cult Images

5220:. Stoichkov is the most successful Bulgarian player of all time; he was awarded the 3676:, was also equipped with a Bulgarian-manufactured imaging payload. Bulgaria's first 3440:

is a significant industrial crop. Bulgaria is also the largest producer globally of

963:(6,500 BC). In the 6th to 3rd century BC, the region was a battleground for ancient 19464: 19345: 19170: 18885: 18237: 17891: 17849: 17829: 17767: 17059:

Curtis, Glenn E.; Mitova, Pamela; Marsteller, William; Soper, Karl Wheeler (1992).

14230:"Ethno-Cultural Characteristics of the Bulgarian Population as at 7 September 2021" 13809: 13581: 13202: 12383: 10920: 9079: 9000: 6049: 5952: 5944: 5880: 5872: 5821: 5302: 5237: 5217: 5147: 4989: 4839: 4819: 4815: 4562: 4475: 4438: 4304: 4288: 4270: 4066: 4050: 3863: 3769: 3745: 3332: 2934: 2903: 2898: 2872: 2852: 2847: 2842: 2303: 2265: 2072: 1987: 1889: 1796: 1762: 1738: 1536: 1532: 1500: 1485: 1352: 1320: 1304: 1274: 1220: 1204: 1168:

with phonologically close names were frequently described in similar terms, as the

1004: 960: 897: 729: 433: 59: 17702:Дончев (Donchev), Дончо (Doncho); Каракашев (Karakashev), Христо (Hristo) (2004). 16457: 15044: 14026: 11994: 10831: 9841: 9610:"Report on European Environment Agency about the quality of freshwaters in Europe" 9527: 9398: 8799: 8678: 4890: 4889:

was a pioneer of the visual arts in the pre-Liberation era. After the Liberation,

4386:

is 74.8 years, compared with an EU average of 80.99 and a world average of 72.38.

2527: 2207:

in 2007, despite EU concerns over government corruption. Bulgaria hosted the 2018

1822:. Ottoman authorities established a religious administrative community called the 999:

and permanently invaded the Balkans in the late 7th century. They established the

21100: 20855: 20505: 19459: 19205: 18940: 18853: 18661: 18540: 18367: 18300: 18009: 17682: 17661: 17020: 16999: 16978: 16960:

Bulgaria in Transition: Politics, Economics, Society, and Culture after Communism

16334: 16256: 16228: 16007: 15284: 14794: 13306: 13283: 10085: 10063: 9497: 9436: 8862: 5825: 5273: 5195: 5129: 5088: 4981: 4977: 4957: 4902: 4855: 4554: 4383: 4322: 4254: 4236: 4220: 4134: 4118: 4079: 4032: 3886: 3843: 3806: 3721: 3710: 3599: 3437: 3278: 3270: 3257: 3249: 3083: 3075: 2974: 2969: 2923: 2913: 2893: 2888: 2867: 2837: 2725: 2675: 2406: 2359: 2168: 2151: 2143: 2136: 2116: 2014: 1524: 1216: 1173: 1016: 953: 925: 281: 251: 17758: 16858:(in Bulgarian). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 2011. Archived from 12310: 11203: 9690: 7687:

Handbook of Language and Ethnic Identity: Disciplinary and Regional Perspectives

5429:

The official number of Romani citizens may be lower than the actual number. See

5125: 3004: 2378: 1499:

introduced a written code of law and checked a major Byzantine incursion at the

1051:

sentiments that led to several conflicts with its neighbours and alliances with

20703: 20275: 19971: 19692: 19656: 19029: 18995: 18918: 18615: 18430: 18225: 17771: 16683: 12783:"Bulgaria – Natural conditions, farming traditions and agricultural structures" 11914:"Bulgaria: Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate)" 11861:Курсове на българския лев към еврото и към валутите на държавите, приели еврото 10901: 10107: 7919: 7917: 7891: 6883:

organization, as well as each other's cultures, language and religious outlook.

6645: 6045: 5233: 5225: 5100: 5096: 5020: 4985: 4769: 4730: 4645: 4163: 4147: 4084: 3851: 3566: 3558: 3461: 3323: 3261: 3233: 3192: 3160: 3129: 3019: 3008: 2964: 2954: 2939: 2802: 2710: 2705: 2566:

also provides possibilities of direct democracy, namely petitions and national

2486: 2462: 2438: 2269: 2200: 2034: 2021:". It became involved in three consecutive conflicts between 1912 and 1918—two 1959: 1955: 1917: 1897: 1858: 1807:

to Ottoman masters, while much of the educated clergy fled to other countries.

1771:

The Battle of Nicopolis in 1396 marked the end of medieval Bulgarian statehood.

1673: 1625: 1559: 1555: 1427: 1328: 1149: 1107: 1098: 1036: 525: 173: 16545: 14003:. National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 27 February 2021. Archived from 13977:. National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 27 February 2021. Archived from 13975:"Individuals regularly using the Internet (Every day or at least once a week)" 13944: 13613:

Robotic Exploration of the Solar System: Part 2: Hiatus and Renewal, 1983–1996

13417: 10591: 8563: 7861: 6053: 5948: 5876: 4641: 3220: 1616: 1273:. This result represents the earliest arrival of modern humans in Europe. The 21197: 20970: 20626: 20475: 20280: 19893: 19110: 18952: 18700: 18666: 18500: 18101: 17762: 16046: 15832: 15004: 14647: 13821: 13748: 11044: 10884:

Modern relations between Bulgaria and Russia began about two centuries ago...

9215: 7408: 5833: 5159: 5083:

wine, of which 62 million was exported mainly to Romania, Poland and Russia.

5071: 5005: 4969: 4886: 4859: 4851: 4847: 4734: 4670: 4558: 4539: 4503: 4463: 4362: 4152: 3737: 3681: 3665: 3637: 3570: 3371: 3355:

and accelerated outward migration, have been "catastrophic" according to the

3340: 3284: 3274: 2908: 2784: 2716: 2713:, of the GERB party. She will take over as prime minister after nine months. 2623: 2578: 2450: 2335: 2257: 2229: 2155: 1990:

immediately rejected the treaty out of fear that such a large country in the

1896:

in 1876, but their decisions were rejected by the Ottomans. This allowed the

1750: 1653: 1645: 1582:, and relieving their lands of the obligation to pay taxes in gold, allowing 1562:

and Byzantine invasions. The empire briefly recovered from the attacks under

1454: 1423: 1296: 1111: 1084: 858: 787: 448: 418: 216: 202: 18311: 17655:(12th ed.). London & New York: The Encyclopædia Britannica Company. 16884:(in Bulgarian and English). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 2018 15177: 12720:. National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. November 2019. pp. 7, 8. 7914: 7528:"Old Town Sozopol – Bulgaria's 'Rescued' Miracle and Its Modern Day Saviors" 7527: 7417:. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 779–784. 7058: 3518:

amounts to 0.78% of GDP, and the bulk of public R&D funding goes to the

2761:. The Ministry of the Interior also heads the Border Police Service and the 2732:

reported that less than 15% of respondents considered elections to be fair.

1861:

also asserted itself as a protector of Christians in Ottoman lands with the

20380: 20250: 19115: 18705: 18671: 18620: 15740:

Masquerade and Postsocialism: Ritual and Cultural Dispossession in Bulgaria

15609:[2011 Census: Population by place of residence, age and religion]. 13829: 13593: 11312:

agriculture, with the rest concentrated in industry and the service sector.

11267: 8739: 6234:

The Necropolis at Varna is an important site in understanding this culture.

5964: 5894: 5841: 5229: 4946: 4942: 4823: 4785: 4750: 4746: 4718: 4694: 4570: 4181: 3633: 3621: 3469: 3441: 3172: 3164: 2531: 2501: 2418: 2339: 2096: 1819: 1714: 1699: 1695: 1657: 1637: 1504: 1474: 1458: 1379: 1375: 1368: 1261: 1153: 1056: 980: 313: 263: 19807: 17180: 15588: 12387: 11115:"Bulgaria Will Modernize Its Army. "Fighters, infantry fighting vehicles"" 10726:["Deutsche Welle": Todor Zhivkov wanted Bulgaria to join the EC]. 10167:"Bulgaria faces fresh elections as Socialists refuse to form a government" 8543:Българският външен дълг 1944–1989: Банкрутът на комунистическата икономика 8267: 8053:

L'Europe et la Jeune Turquie: Les Aspects Nouveaux de la Question d'Orient

7449:

City of the Sun: Development and Popular Resistance in the Pre-Modern West

6337: 5478: 5476: 2700:

since April 2021. GERB was the biggest, winning 69 seats. The bloc led by

1574:

in 1014. Samuil died shortly after the battle, and by 1018 the Byzantines

959:

One of the earliest societies in the lands of modern-day Bulgaria was the

20783: 20585: 20565: 20485: 20255: 20225: 20220: 20041: 19762: 19083: 18783: 18600: 18535: 17946: 16753:"Eternal+Derby" "Levski, CSKA Score Emphatic Wins Before "Eternal Derby"" 15076:"These Are the Economies With the Most (and Least) Efficient Health Care" 13813: 13441:[Bulgaria's small computing army] (in Bulgarian). Kapital Daily. 12345:Рекорд при обществените поръчки: открити са търгове за почти 14 млрд. лв. 11647:"Regional gross domestic product (PPS per inhabitant), by NUTS 2 regions" 7844: 7842: 5009: 4894: 4765: 4585: 4471: 4095: 3473: 3335:, which is the largest in the EU as a percentage of economic output. The 3308: 3031: 2607: 2482: 2080: 2026: 2022: 1909: 1901: 1661: 1595: 1583: 1403: 1289: 1252: 1048: 984: 403: 115: 15607:"Преброяване 2011: Население по местоживеене, възраст и вероизповедание" 15383: 14306:"Bulgarians unfazed by anti-Roma hate speech from deputy prime minister" 13206: 12747:"Agricultural Policies in non-OECD countries: Monitoring and Evaluation" 11802:"EU: Countries to Begin Counting Drugs, Prostitution in Economic Growth" 6094:

History of Humanity: From the Third Millennium to the Seventh Century BC

5956: 5885: 5248:

is remarkable for having advanced from the local fourth division to the

3322:) of $ 29,816 in 2018. It includes the capital city and the surrounding 21023: 20758: 20753: 20647: 20580: 20520: 20510: 20500: 20405: 20031: 19752: 19014: 18570: 18530: 18510: 18490: 18395: 18175: 17581: 16519: 16402:"Why Bulgaria is the EU's lowest ranked country on press freedom index" 16074: 14398:"World Bank: The demographic crisis is Bulgaria's most serious problem" 13363: 13299: 12834: 9963:"Bulgaria's Grand Parliament Chessboard Might Be Both Ailment and Cure" 9464:"Bulgaria's Air Is Dirtiest in Europe, Study Finds, Followed by Poland" 8889: 8465: 7402: 7250:. Corpus Fontium Byzantiae Historiae, vol. 5. De Gruyter. p. 457. 5486:[2021 Census: Ethnocultural characteristics of the population] 5473: 5171: 5075: 4997: 4993: 4797: 4690: 4593: 4467: 4424:

stands high at 98.4% with no significant difference between sexes. The

4265: 4197: 3879: 3871: 3855: 3796: 3645: 3625: 3606: 3541:

remains strong. Antarctic research is actively carried out through the

3367: 3315: 3187:-standard equipment. Bulgaria is in the process of buying new US-built 2567: 2046: 1823: 1780: 1734: 1551: 1324: 1316: 1293: 1169: 1165: 369: 336: 325: 275: 16353: 15283:. Ministry of Education, Youth and Science of Bulgaria. Archived from 13136:"R&D Spending in Bulgaria Up in 2015, Mostly Driven by Businesses" 12128:"Cloud of corruption hangs over Bulgaria as it takes up EU presidency" 11804:. Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project. 9 September 2014. 11020:"Bulgaria Strikes Back After Gazprom Suspended Gas Supplies Last Year" 8708: 7839: 6483: 6481: 5240:, both based in Sofia, are the most successful clubs domestically and 5208:

is the most popular sport in the country by a substantial margin. The

2704:

won 64 seats in the 240-seat parliament. In June 2023, Prime Minister

2485:

areas in Europe covering 33.8% of its territory. It also achieved its

1946:

Borders of Bulgaria according to the preliminary Treaty of San Stefano

1767: 20743: 20738: 20683: 20525: 20155: 20150: 20026: 19747: 19054: 18912:

Spans the conventional boundary between Europe and another continent.

18733: 18505: 17060: 16151:

John Kukuzel, the eminent Bulgarian/born reformer of Byzantine music.

15221:[PISA 2018: Bulgarian pupils reach new lows]. Kapital Daily. 13913:"Bulgaria: 2011 Telecommunication Market and Regulatory Developments" 13895: 13893: 13891: 12614:"Mining Industry Accounts for 5% of Bulgaria's GDP – Energy Minister" 11146:. Aerospace Daily & Defense Report. 6 August 2015. Archived from 11057: 10923:. Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs, U.S. Department of State. 10523:(in Bulgarian). Ministry of the Interior. 31 May 2018. Archived from 9932:"Timeline of Oresharski's Cabinet: A Government in Constant Jeopardy" 9671: 9661: 9659: 9657: 8890:"Bulgaria Absolutely Ready to Take Over EU Presidency, Minister Says" 8775: 8773: 8771: 8769: 5458: 5187: 5163: 4835: 4802: 4697:, a ritual fire-dance of Thracian origin, is included in the list of 4686: 4662: 3481: 3346:

After several consecutive years of high growth, repercussions of the

3224:

Economic growth (green) and unemployment (blue) statistics since 2001

3152: 3137: 2630:, served three terms as prime minister between 2009 and 2021. It won 2458: 2446: 2434: 2327: 2147: 1811: 1547: 1415: 1395: 1394:

in what is today northern Bulgaria around 381. The region came under

1312: 1300: 1285: 1224: 1076: 964: 909: 17781: 17619: 15410: 15200: 15198: 12808: 9320: 9176:"Europe & North America: 297 biosphere reserves in 36 countries" 8921: 8919: 8917: 8915: 8913: 8911: 8679:"Bulgarian Politicians Discuss First Democratic Elections 20y After" 8235:. Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. p. 129. 5615:"Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey" 3136:. The Armed Forces have 36,950 active troops, supplemented by 3,000 1749:—became easy prey for a new threat arriving from the Southeast: the 20885: 20809: 20778: 20773: 20440: 20435: 20395: 20390: 20066: 20061: 20051: 19787: 19782: 19772: 19105: 19074: 18925: 18875: 18845: 18766: 18761: 18651: 18585: 18580: 18555: 17596:

The Red Riviera: Gender, Tourism and Postsocialism on the Black Sea

16756: 16597: 16549: 16486: 16461: 16280:"Boris Christoff, Bass, Dies at 79; Esteemed for His Boris Godunov" 16011: 15048: 13948: 13538: 13139: 13109: 12922: 12617: 12315:[10 bln. leva are spent on public procurement every year]. 12028: 11998: 10835: 9966: 9935: 9845: 9531: 9501: 9402: 9150:"Бъдещето на природните паркове в България и техните администрации" 8682: 8353:

Final Solutions: Mass Killing and Genocide in the Twentieth Century

7865: 7531: 6478: 6257: 5622: 5585:"World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Bulgaria)" 5039: 4973: 4777: 4421: 4333: 3729: 3641: 3485: 3445: 3148: 3063: 2470: 2372: 2146:(1946–1949), who established a repressive, rapidly industrialising 2071:

The resulting political unrest led to the establishment of a royal

1691: 1683: 1649: 1567: 1477: 1411: 1410:. Gradually, the interior of the peninsula became a country of the 1336: 1270: 1020: 968: 878: 853: 791: 20326: 18820: 17550:

Lost in Transition: Ethnographies of Everyday Life After Communism

17300: 16933:"State of Health in the EU. Country Health Profile: Bulgaria 2017" 16008:"French-Bulgarian Theorist Tzvetan Todorov Wins Top Spanish Award" 14066:"Bulgaria must work to restart Belene nuclear project: parliament" 13888: 13535:"Cosmonauts Eager, Hopeful for Reboot of Bulgaria's Space Program" 11941:"Inter-company debt – one of Bulgarian economy's serious problems" 11561:"These are the 29 countries with the world's lowest levels of tax" 10907: 10433:"Bulgaria Sets Up Anti-Corruption Unit; Security Chief Steps Down" 9874:"Bulgaria parliament votes for a 'Mario Monti' to lead government" 9654: 8766: 6947:] (in Bulgarian). Marin Drinov Publishing House. p. 188. 6181:. Institute for the Study of the Ancient World. pp. 39, 201. 6033: 5228:

and was considered one of the best in the world while playing for

4437:

degree. Bulgaria's highest-ranked higher education institution is

3858:

are the main ethnic group and constitute 84.6% of the population.

3628:

for both Vega probes. Bulgarian instruments have been used in the

3343:, which is pegged to the euro at a rate of 1.95583 levа per euro. 2112: 2079:(1918–1943). Bulgaria entered World War II in 1941 as a member of 21214:

Countries and territories where Bulgarian is an official language

21171: 21113: 21081: 21005: 20998: 20793: 20788: 20763: 20718: 20698: 20688: 20605: 20600: 20595: 20575: 20555: 20540: 20530: 20495: 20420: 20385: 20365: 20360: 20355: 20350: 20285: 20270: 20200: 20190: 20185: 20160: 20056: 20006: 19996: 19986: 19981: 19976: 19954: 19944: 19939: 19881: 19777: 19727: 19717: 19707: 19702: 19697: 19682: 19672: 19667: 19089: 19064: 19059: 19044: 19034: 19019: 19009: 18964: 18870: 18610: 18560: 18520: 18475: 18470: 18460: 18445: 18440: 18435: 18420: 18405: 18400: 18390: 18385: 18380: 18375: 17896: 17324: 15626:"Census 2021: Close to 72% of Bulgarians say they are Christians" 15195: 14646:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

12190:"Bulgarian border officers suspended over airport security lapse" 12053: 11174:"SS-21 Scarab: Russia's Forgotten (But Deadly) Ballistic Missile" 10139: 9691:"Fitch: Early Bulgaria Elections Would Create Fiscal Uncertainty" 8908: 8569: 8507: 8084:

On a dit souvent de la Bulgarie qu'elle est la Prusse des Balkans

6744: 5190:

at 2.09 metres (6 feet 10 inches), achieved during the

5079: 5067: 5063: 4918: 4910: 4831: 4742: 4630: 4543: 4299: 4283: 4061: 4045: 3867:

kilometre (ultimo 2023), almost half the European Union average.

3839: 3717: 3669: 3657: 3562: 3538: 3457: 3389: 3301: 3241: 3188: 3144: 3044: 2559: 2505: 2461:

number some 328,000 individuals, making them the most widespread

2454: 2343: 2323: 2319: 2288: 2018: 1991: 1962:. It was to set up an autonomous Bulgarian principality spanning 1804: 1800: 1776: 1703: 1679: 1599: 1543: 1528: 1470: 1391: 1364: 1348: 1332: 1144: 1052: 1008: 988: 949: 929: 901: 361: 20137: 17156: 12255:"Bulgaria's government faces no-confidence vote over corruption" 11403:"Средната заплата в България в края на септември стигна 2072 лв" 10590:. Council of European Municipalities and Regions. Archived from 9528:"Bulgaria's Sofia, Plovdiv Suffer Worst Air Pollution in Europe" 8659: 8332: 8330: 8058:

Europe and Young Turkey: The new aspects of the Eastern Question

7923: 6136:

Gems and Gemstones: Timeless Natural Beauty of the Mineral World

2513:

75% of surface rivers meet European standards for good quality.

2244:, the highest mountain range in the Balkans and Southeast Europe 1640:. The empire's authority declined after a catastrophic military 1323:

some time before the 12th century BC. The Thracians excelled in

1055:

in both world wars. In 1946, Bulgaria came under the Soviet-led

21158: 21145: 21126: 21068: 20768: 20748: 20733: 20728: 20662: 20657: 20631: 20560: 20535: 20470: 20465: 20455: 20400: 20265: 20245: 20240: 20230: 20195: 20165: 20076: 20046: 20021: 20001: 19991: 19966: 19905: 19863: 19797: 19767: 19742: 19722: 19712: 19687: 19079: 19069: 19049: 18778: 18656: 18630: 18605: 18595: 18575: 18565: 18550: 18545: 18525: 18495: 18465: 18450: 18425: 18359: 17644: 14608:"Total Fertility Rate around the world over the last centuries" 13106:"EU Presidency Puts Lagging Bulgarian Science in the Spotlight" 11698: 11696: 11053: 9842:"PM Hopeful: New Bulgarian Cabinet Will Be 'Expert, Pragmatic'" 9179: 8620: 5802: 5457:. National Assembly of the Republic of Bulgaria. Archived from 5175: 5167: 5108: 5092: 5084: 5059: 4870: 4682: 4657: 4366: 4317: 4249: 4231: 4215: 4129: 4113: 4027: 3847: 3765: 3685: 3614: 3477: 3465: 3425: 3385: 3048: 3022:

in 1955. Since 1966, it has been a non-permanent member of the

2793: 2430: 2331: 2284: 2280: 1998:, signed on 13 July. It provided for a much smaller state, the 1971: 1963: 1788: 1730: 1707: 1466: 1407: 1242: 945: 921: 917: 913: 905: 167: 16375: 15654: 14227: 14189: 12919:"Bulgaria is Again the World's First Producer of Lavender Oil" 11590: 10197:"Bulgaria's parliament elects new government led by PM Denkov" 9721:"Bulgarian Cabinet Faces No-Confidence Vote Over Atomic Plant" 8709:"National Assembly of the Republic of Bulgaria – Constitution" 8575: 6256:. United States Central Command. December 2011. Archived from 5484:"Преброяване 2021: Етнокултурна характеристика на населението" 5320: 3448:, both widely used in fragrances. Within the services sector, 2622:

Overall, Bulgaria displays a pattern of unstable governments.

2178:. Zhivkov resigned and Bulgaria embarked on a transition to a 2154:

saw some experimental market-oriented policies emerging under

1818:), their culture was suppressed, and they experienced partial 1702:(1218–1241), when its borders expanded as far as the coast of 1539:, who oversaw the largest territorial expansion of the state. 20652: 20550: 20545: 20480: 20460: 20445: 20370: 20260: 20215: 20210: 20205: 20180: 20175: 20071: 20036: 20016: 19792: 19757: 19737: 18880: 18590: 18515: 18485: 17926: 17707: 16780:"Plucky Ludogorets' rise to the Champions League group stage" 16165:"The 2011/2012 season of the National Opera and Ballet House" 14286: 13799: 13695:

Inner Solar System: Prospective Energy and Material Resources

12647:"Bulgaria's ore exports rise 10% in H1 2011 – industry group" 12380:

Government Favouritism in Europe: The Anticorruption Report 3

11263: 10723:"Дойче веле": Тодор Живков искал България да стане член на ЕС 10079:"Bulgaria: Anti-Government Protests Continue for a Ninth Day" 9094: 8327: 6748:

The New Cambridge Medieval History: Volume 1, c. 500 – c. 700

6178:

The Lost World of Old Europe: The Danube Valley, 5000–3500 BC

5104: 4961: 4937:, which has no equivalent in the rest of European music. The 4930: 4926: 4922: 4874: 4458:

is the only language with official status. It belongs to the

4011: 3761: 3596: 3453: 3421: 2754: 2535: 2474: 2311: 2292: 2212: 2131:

of 9 September 1944 led to the abolition of the monarchy and

2003: 1837:

and Russia saw Bulgarian Christians as potential allies. The

1784: 1687: 1387: 1360: 1232: 1012: 972: 937: 194: 17776: 15718: 12835:"Experts: Bumper Year for Wheat Producers in Dobrich Region" 11693: 10862:"Russia's borders: old ties pull Bulgaria in two directions" 8981: 8232:

Rethinking Violence: States and Non-State Actors in Conflict

7166: 7117: 7115: 5111:

that was consumed in Bulgaria as early as the 14th century.

4652: 3632:, including a spectrometer that took the first high quality 20590: 20515: 20490: 20415: 20235: 18771: 17931: 17276: 17058: 16783: 15589:"2001 Census: Population by districts and religious groups" 14045: 13083: 12753: 11363: 10542: 10408:. Bulgarian National Radio. 1 December 2012. Archived from 9994:"Bulgaria's Borisov plasters together coalition government" 9129: 8471: 8099:

The European Powers in the First World War: An Encyclopedia

5326: 5323: 5253: 5001: 4878: 3757: 3433: 3429: 3414: 3292: 3288:

A business park in Sofia, the nation's largest economic hub

3184: 3183:

fighter jets, new multi-purpose corvettes and other modern

3071: 2627: 2589:

by a simple majority vote. Political parties gather in the

2465:. A third of all nesting birds in Bulgaria can be found in 2442: 2433:

species of Europe are found in Bulgaria, along with 49% of

2307: 2273: 2241: 2192: 1682:, the third of the Asen monarchs, extended his dominion to 1496: 1115: 17132: 15791: 14525:"Eurostat – Tables, Graphs and Maps Interface (TGM) table" 12094:"Corruption Perceptions Index: Transparency International" 12057:

Anti-corruption Reforms in Bulgaria: Key Results and Risks

9321:"Bulgaria – Environmental Summary, UNData, United Nations" 9237: 9078:. Bulgarian-Swiss Program For Biodiversity. Archived from 8019: 7848: 5335: 4780:

script, was developed by the Preslav Literary School. The

3569:

in the 1980s and 90s. The country is a regional leader in

2013:

and incorporated the semi-autonomous Ottoman territory of

1558:

was seized by the Byzantine army in 971 after consecutive

1378:

began spreading in the region around the 4th century. The

20972:

Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC)

14433:. Bulgarian National Radio. 12 March 2012. Archived from 12949:"Bulgaria tops lavender oil production, outpacing France" 8295:

Hitler's New Disorder: The Second World War in Yugoslavia

8135:

Broadberry, Stephen; Klein, Alexander (8 February 2008).

7112: 6366: 5784: 5670: 5317: 5308: 4520:

Four Ancient Patriarchates of the Eastern Orthodox Church

3748:(16.3%). Equipment for a second nuclear power station at 3327: 2728:

defines it as a "Flawed democracy". A 2018 survey by the

2473:

and 150 are considered endangered. A checklist of larger

1994:

might threaten their interests. It was superseded by the

1542:

After Simeon's death, Bulgaria was weakened by wars with

1492:. The minority Bulgars formed a close-knit ruling caste. 873: 18354: 17666:. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. pp. 19, 64–70, 226. 16546:"Archeological Find Proves Rakia Is Bulgarian Invention" 16132:

The Bulgarians: From Pagan Times to the Ottoman Conquest

13333:"Bulgaria strives to become tech capital of the Balkans" 12893:"Bulgarian rose oil keeps its top place on world market" 10808:. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the PRC. Archived from 9785:"Protests in Bulgaria and the new practice of democracy" 9076:"Характеристика на флората и растителността на България" 7967:"On March 3 Bulgaria celebrates National Liberation Day" 7426: 7424: 6822: 6367:

Boardman, John; Edwards, I.E.S.; Sollberger, E. (1982).

1656:

and created fertile ground for further revolt. In 1185,

19651: 14897:"Bulgaria builds on legacy of female engineering elite" 14551:"UNdata | Total fertility rate (live births per woman)" 14460:"Will EU Entry Shrink Bulgaria's Population Even More?" 12248: 12246: 12025:"Bulgaria, Romania Rapped for Public Procurement Fraud" 11087:. Ministry of Defence of Bulgaria. 2010. Archived from 10782:. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Greece. Archived from 9636:"Overview of direct democratic instruments in Bulgaria" 9399:"Bulgaria Achieves Kyoto Protocol Targets – IWR Report" 8508:

Stephen Broadberry; Alexander Klein (27 October 2011).

8453: 8424:

Balkan Smoke: Tobacco and the Making of Modern Bulgaria

8031: 6373:. Vol. 3. Cambridge University Press. p. 53. 6032:

Roberts, Benjamin W.; Thornton, Christopher P. (2009).

5916:

Hublin, J, Sirakov, N, Aldeias, V, et al. (2020).

5391: 5370: 4858:

is a notable contemporary author, while Bulgarian-born

4429:

secondary level. Higher education consists of a 4-year

3236:

where the private sector accounts for more than 70% of

19:

This article is about the country. For other uses, see

16729:. Professional Football Against Hunger. Archived from 16680:"Dimitrov Breaks Into Top 10 of Emirates ATP Rankings" 15474:

Religion and power in Europe: conflict and convergence

13037:Посещения на чужденци в България по месеци и по страни 12695: 10561: 10491:. Ministry of the Interior of Bulgaria. Archived from 9294:. Institute of Botany, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. 8936: 8934: 8273: 7776:

Religion and Power in Europe: Conflict and Convergence

7573:] (in German). Nachdr. d. Ausg. Prag. p. 88. 6502:

Readings in Greek History: Sources and Interpretations

3624:, particularly in modelling trajectories and guidance 1721:

over the weakened Bulgarian state. In 1277, swineherd

1339:

cults, but remained tribal and stateless. The Persian

1315:, one of the three primary ancestral groups of modern 14372:"Population density (people per sq. km of land area)" 12809:"Bulgaria – Economic Summary, UNData, United Nations" 12677:"Total Primary Coal Production (Thousand Short Tons)" 10562:"State Agency for National Security Official Website" 10374:"Questions arise again about Bulgaria's legal system" 9008:

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

7754: 7421: 7264: 6315: 5772: 3648:

en route to and around the planet has been mapped by

3408:, steel, biotechnology, tobacco, food processing and 3260:

was achieved in 2003 and the country began running a

1003:, victoriously recognised by treaty in 681 AD by the 15219:"PISA 2018: Българските ученици покоряват ново дъно" 12243: 10756:. European Commission. 25 April 2005. Archived from 9754:"Bulgarian government resigns amid growing protests" 9289:"Checklist of the larger basidiomycetes ın Bulgaria" 8489: 8477: 6612:. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press. p. 55. 5338: 5332: 5311: 5305: 5263: 4584:, whose history in Bulgaria dates back to the early 4542:

status in 927 AD. The Bulgarian Patriarchate has 12

3533:

Despite the lack of funding, research in chemistry,

3028:

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe

2338:, has a length of 368 kilometres (229 mi). The 2291:

Plain is roughly triangular, beginning southeast of

1916:

which secured Russian control over the main road to

1810:

Bulgarians were subjected to heavy taxes (including

17468: 16896: 16359: 15204: 14802:. World Economic Forum. 2018. pp. 10, 45, 46. 14228:National Statistical Institute (24 November 2022). 13899: 13498:

Interkosmos: The Eastern Bloc's Early Space Program

13300:

General Geography and History of Livingston Island.

12785:. Food and Agriculture Organization. Archived from 12312:

10 млрд. лв. годишно се харчат с обществени поръчки

10889: 9677: 9665: 9586:. European Stability Initiative. 10 December 2008. 9584:"Bulgaria's quest to meet the environmental acquis" 8969: 8931: 8925: 8798:. United Nations. 2005. p. 224. Archived from 8779: 8665: 8510:"Aggregate and per capita GDP in Europe, 1870–2000" 7721: 5314: 4416:studies found 47% of pupils in the 9th grade to be 3595:since 1971. Bulgaria was the first country to grow 2390:, with small areas in the south falling within the 1908:on the Ottomans and defeated them with the help of 1880:in the 18th century influenced the initiation of a 1255:remains dating to around 150,000 years ago, or the 17593: 17547: 16190: 14939: 14895: 13945:"Bulgaria Opens Tender for Fourth Mobile Operator" 13331: 12157: 11995:"ITUC Frontlines Report 2012: Section on Bulgaria" 10947:"US, Bulgaria sign defence co-operation agreement" 10832:"Vietnam Thanks Bulgaria for University Graduates" 9872: 6609:The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome 6534:. McFarland & Company, Inc. pp. 139–140. 5999:. University of California Press. pp. 29–32. 5721: 5692:Late Antiquity: a Guide to the Postclassical World 5198:is the first Bulgarian tennis player in the Top 3 4796:in the 19th century. The enormous body of work of 4648:, an important spiritual centre for the Bulgarians 4373:; nearly a fifth of those are avoidable. Although 3660:of these instruments have also been fitted on the 2158:(1954–1989). Compared to wartime levels, national 1872:The Russo-Bulgarian defence of Shipka Pass in 1877 1355:in the 470s BC. It was weakened and vassalised by 562:110,993.6 km (42,854.9 sq mi) ( 17701: 17348: 17228: 15690: 15688: 15686: 15684: 15682: 15680: 15678: 15045:"The Bulgaria 2012 Review: Health and Healthcare" 13737:Comptes Rendus de l'Académie Bulgare des Sciences 13128: 12060:. Center for the Study of Democracy. p. 44. 10321:. Hauser Global Law School Program. August 2006. 9812:"Rightist GERB holds lead in Bulgaria's election" 9059: 9047: 8581: 8336: 7997:"Timeline: Bulgaria – A chronology of key events" 7648:Europe and the Historical Legacies in the Balkans 7355: 7353: 7351: 7349: 3452:is a significant contributor to economic growth. 3124:are the military of Bulgaria and are composed of 2429:and 565 protected areas. Ninety-three of the 233 2052:Between 19 October 1925 and 29 October 1925, the 1488:was signed in 681, marking the foundation of the 1299:(fifth millennium BC) is credited with inventing 21239:Member states of the Union for the Mediterranean 21195: 19529:German occupation of Estonia during World War II 17182:"Bulgaria in World War II: The Passive Alliance" 17108: 16833:Население по области, общини, местоживеене и пол 16727:"Hristo Stoichkov – Bulgarian League Ambassador" 15983:Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500–1250 15858: 15856: 15854: 15852: 15850: 15541:"Bulgaria's Muslims not deeply religious: study" 15394:. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). pp. 784–785. 14983: 14839:"The best countries in Europe for women to work" 13100: 13098: 11968:Бизнесът очерта уникална диспропорция в България 10257:"Democracy Index 2017: Free speech under attack" 10057:"Fresh Protest Wave Gains Momentum in Bulgaria." 9070: 9068: 9029: 8744:[The destructive Bulgarian transition]. 7172: 6986:. University of Michigan Press. pp. 68–70. 6793:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 311–334. 5520:] (in Bulgarian). Bulvest 2000. p. 18. 5043:are some of the largest national media outlets. 3269:at a flat 10% rate. The tax system is two-tier. 2401: 2199:. After several years of reforms, it joined the 1535:. A golden age began during the 34-year rule of 16848: 16830: 15365: 15281:"Structure of the Education System in Bulgaria" 14484: 14292: 13652:Златните десятилетия на българската електроника 13490: 13488: 13486: 12641: 12639: 11702: 11498:Бюджет 2018: Повече за заплати, здраве и пенсии 10319:"The Bulgarian Legal System and Legal Research" 10159: 9638:. Navigator to Direct Democracy. Archived from 8637:"Cracks show in Bulgaria's Muslim ethnic model" 8298:. Columbia University Press. pp. 238–240. 8134: 8060:] (in French). Perrin et cie. p. 411. 7487: 7485: 7483: 7481: 6868:The Blackwell Companion to Eastern Christianity 6175:Anthony, David W.; Chi, Jennifer, eds. (2010). 6031: 5915: 5854: 5030: 4420:in reading and natural sciences. Average basic 3561:" during the Soviet era due to its key role in 2626:, the leader of the centre-right, pro-EU party 2209:Presidency of the Council of the European Union 1519:was followed by a Byzantine recognition of the 1160:("to mix", "shake", "stir") and its derivative 900:. It is situated on the eastern portion of the 20328:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie 17516: 17084: 16483:"Bulgaria Ranks 22nd in World Wine Production" 16092:. University of California Press. p. 52. 15675: 14977: 14577:"Population and Demographic Processes in 2018" 14488:Migration In, From, and to Southeastern Europe 14425: 14423: 14262:"Population and demographic processes in 2022" 11490: 11488: 9906:"Bulgarians protest government of 'oligarchs'" 8268:Bulgaria in World War II: The Passive Alliance 8025: 7728:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 68–71. 7722:Roudometof, Victor; Robertson, Roland (2001). 7441: 7439: 7346: 6712:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 13–14. 4956:–1360), but modern classical music began with 4745:. The Rila Monastery was established by Saint 4414:Programme for International Student Assessment 20956: 20835:Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique 20312: 20123: 19849: 19637: 18980: 18340: 18316: 17797: 16574:. Bulgarian Olympic Committee. Archived from 16455: 16308:"Nicolai Ghiaurov, Operatic Bass, Dies at 74" 15847: 15779:. Bulgarian National Television. 1 March 2018 13730: 13366:. Bulgarian Telegraph Agency. 12 March 2018. 13095: 12837:. Bulgarian Telegraph Agency. 4 August 2017. 11322: 11320: 11046:International Institute for Strategic Studies 10431:Konstantinova, Elizabeth (17 February 2011). 10430: 9612:. European Environment Agency. Archived from 9375:. European Environment Agency. Archived from 9065: 8892:. Bulgarian Telegraph Agency. 2 August 2017. 8540: 8385:Bulgaria in British Foreign Policy, 1943–1949 6901:. University of California Press. p. 8. 6705: 3939: 2425:in three national parks, 11 nature parks, 10 2413:are among Bulgaria's numerous protected areas 1690:. He acknowledged the spiritual supremacy of 1075:elections. Bulgaria then transitioned into a 18706:autonomous country of the Kingdom of Denmark 16980:Multicultural China in the Early Middle Ages 16877: 16659:. The Guinness World Records. 30 August 1987 15925:. University of Chicago Press. p. 214. 14684:"Country Comparison: Population growth rate" 14454: 14452: 14185: 14183: 14051: 13691: 13609: 13483: 13201:. World Intellectual Property Organization. 13089: 12636: 12221:"Bulgaria savors EU embrace despite critics" 11236:. The World Bank Group. 2018. Archived from 10548: 9498:"High Air Pollution to Close Downtown Sofia" 9243: 9135: 8987: 7478: 6410: 6408: 6406: 6332: 6330: 6278: 6139:. University of Chicago Press. p. 292. 6044:(322). Department of Prehistory and Europe, 5216:, when the squad was spearheaded by forward 5212:'s best performance was a semi-final at the 3613:. It was involved in the development of the 3587:Bulgaria has made numerous contributions to 3038:by 1987. Bulgaria signed the European Union 2314:, which border the lower but more extensive 20876:Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie 16854:[Final Results of the 2011 census] 16424: 16422: 15986:. Cambridge University Press. p. 221. 15955:. University of Chicago Press. p. 49. 15895:. Manchester University Press. p. 11. 15624:staff, The Sofia Globe (24 November 2022). 14527:. Eurostat. 17 October 2013. Archived from 14420: 14223: 14221: 14219: 14217: 14215: 14213: 13775:"Radiation Dose Monitor Experiment (RADOM)" 13731:Semkova, Jordanka; Dachev, Tsvetan (2015). 13657:The Golden Decades of Bulgarian Electronics 11485: 11418: 10346:Съдебната ни система – първенец по корупция 9106:[Species biodiversity in Bulgaria] 7436: 7321: 7025:. Cambridge University Press. p. 157. 6751:. Cambridge University Press. p. 524. 5579: 5577: 5575: 5573: 2768: 2646:resulted in a narrow win for GERB, but the 2002:, only comprising Moesia and the region of 1648:invaders, and was further disturbed by the 1452:: The Morning Star of Slavonic Literature, 1190: 1079:and a market-based economy. Since adopting 164:Location of Bulgaria (dark green) 21264:States and territories established in 1990 21259:States and territories established in 1878 21234:Member states of the Three Seas Initiative 20963: 20949: 20830:Assemblée parlementaire de la Francophonie 20319: 20305: 20130: 20116: 19856: 19842: 19644: 19630: 19440:Czech resistance against German occupation 18987: 18973: 18347: 18333: 17804: 17790: 17681:Roisman, Joseph; Worthington, Ian (2011). 17659: 17204: 16399: 16393: 16167:. Bulgarian National Radio. Archived from 16085: 15797: 15724: 15648: 15165: 15163: 14941:"Bulgaria battles to stop its brain drain" 14869:"Girls and women under-represented in ICT" 14431:"Demographic crisis in Bulgaria deepening" 14063: 14029:. Oxford Business Group. 13 October 2008. 13494: 13198:Global Innovation Index 2023, 15th Edition 12679:. U.S. Energy Information Administration. 12485:"Field listing: Labor force by occupation" 12252: 12054:Center for the Study of Democracy (2007). 11943:. Bulgarian National Radio. Archived from 11938: 11317: 10695:Бай Тошовият блян – България в ЕС през '87 10371: 8828:"NATO Update: Seven new members join NATO" 8291: 8279: 8095: 7989: 7810: 7808: 7555: 7553: 6828: 6248: 6246: 6244: 6242: 6174: 5492:National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria 5455:"Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria" 4869:А religious visual arts heritage includes 3946: 3932: 3555:information and communication technologies 3155:; the air force operates 106 aircraft and 3086:training range, and a logistics centre in 2662:resulted in a third GERB victory. Borisov 1605: 157: 21254:States and territories established in 681 19099:Sovereign states with limited recognition 17444: 16621: 16619: 16617: 16615: 16162: 15888: 15378: 15142:"Life expectancy at birth, total (years)" 14984:Georgieva, Lidia; Salchev, Petko (2007). 14605: 14449: 14180: 14001:"Households with Internet access at home" 13648: 13434: 13311:Bulgarian Antarctic Research: A Synthesis 12701: 12590:. Oxford Business Group. 31 August 2011. 12218: 12121: 12119: 11414: 11412: 10022: 8427:. Cornell University Press. p. 162. 8420: 8348: 8322:When Bulgaria switched sides in September 8228: 7397: 7393: 7391: 7389: 7387: 7317: 7315: 7281: 7279: 7245: 6933: 6706:Singleton, Fred; Fred, Singleton (1985). 6403: 6327: 5884: 5695:. Harvard University Press. p. 354. 5688: 3495: 2683:yet another wave of mass protests in 2020 1469:was once again invaded, this time by the 1433: 739: 18928:which has sovereignty over Vatican City. 17302:"Foreign Affairs in the 1960s and 1970s" 17252: 17039: 17018: 16997: 16499: 16419: 16305: 15470: 15409:. Parliament of Bulgaria. Archived from 15216: 14485:Roth, Klaus; Lauth Bacas, Jutta (2004). 14210: 13918:. European Commission. 2011. p. 2. 13610:Harland, David M.; Ulivi, Paolo (2009). 13605: 13603: 13388: 12370: 12341: 11525:"Field listing: Taxes and other revenue" 11494: 11112: 11074: 9628: 9203: 9201: 9001:"Bulgaria Second National Communication" 8822: 8820: 8737: 8541:Vachkov, Daniel; Ivanov, Martin (2008). 8483: 8459: 8381: 8197: 8037: 7939:World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia 7935: 7772: 7760: 7690:. Oxford University Press. p. 276. 7430: 7270: 7184: 7121: 6566: 6504:. Oxford University Press. p. 230. 6321: 5992: 5739: 5570: 5158:is a signature sport of Bulgaria. Coach 5124: 4651: 4640: 4620: 4491: 4399: 3789:Ethnic groups in Bulgaria (2021 census) 3705: 3505: 3395: 3291: 3283: 3219: 3179:. The Armed Forces are modernizing with 3003: 2638:, which resigned in February 2013 after 2526: 2405: 2377: 2236: 2228: 2111: 2062: 1941: 1923: 1867: 1766: 1615: 1576:had conquered the First Bulgarian Empire 1566:, but this ended when Byzantine emperor 1443: 1288:societies in the region that thrived on 1236: 1067:gave up its monopoly on power after the 594: 20840:Agence universitaire de la Francophonie 17680: 17588: 17568: 17542: 17420: 17326:"The Political Atmosphere in the 1970s" 17158:"San Stefano, Berlin, and Independence" 16677: 16432:Food Cultures of the World Encyclopedia 16370: 16368: 15948: 15777:"The Bulgarian Tradition of Martenitsa" 15743:. Indiana University Press. p. 2. 15655:National Statistical Institute (2022). 15431: 15160: 15042: 14789: 14787: 14653:"World Factbook EUROPE : BULGARIA" 14190:National Statistical Institute (2022). 14126:"Country comparison: Total road length" 13563: 13424:from the original on 17 September 2021. 12890: 12801: 12219:Macdonald, Alastair (11 January 2018). 11328:"The economies of Bulgaria and Romania" 11234:"World Bank Country and Lending Groups" 11172:Roblin, Sebastien (12 September 2016). 10372:Brunwasser, Matthew (5 November 2006). 9991: 9870: 9809: 9782: 9249: 8851: 8849: 8495: 8096:Tucker, Spencer C; Wood, Laura (1996). 7805: 7683: 7559: 7550: 7525: 7285: 6894: 6845:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 5. 6709:A Short History of the Yugoslav Peoples 6605: 6487: 6239: 6090: 5607: 4538:—and the first national church to gain 3357:International Trade Union Confederation 1652:. This prevented Byzantine attempts at 21196: 17642: 17614: 17492: 17372: 16612: 16456:Bruce-Gardyne, Tom (7 February 2012). 16428: 16277: 16250:Forbes, Elizabeth (9 September 1996). 16249: 16221: 16059: 16032: 15595:from the original on 23 February 2017. 15477:. Pisa University Press. p. 258. 15073: 15033:Country Health Profile, pp. 8, 11, 12. 14378:from the original on 12 September 2018 13438:Малката изчислителна армия на България 13415: 13261: 13062: 12955:from the original on 12 September 2018 12159:"Bulgarian corruption at 15-year high" 12125: 12116: 11888:"Bulgaria: GDP growth (annual %)" 11409: 11214:from the original on 22 September 2023 11171: 10913: 10908:Foreign Affairs in the 1960s and 1970s 10895: 10564:. State Agency for National Security. 10224: 10222: 9992:Tsolova, Tsvetelia (6 November 2014). 9960: 9903: 9822:from the original on 24 September 2015 8975: 8855: 8634: 8593: 8549:]. 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Another lunar mission, 3380:Despite repeated criticism from the 3366:and experiences the worst levels of 3314:is the most developed region with a 3244:markets in 1990 and the subsequent " 2993: 2825: 1974:, roughly on the territories of the 1795:which brought about the fall of the 443:Chairperson of the National Assembly 21244:Member states of the United Nations 21229:Member states of the European Union 19435:Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia 17396: 17162:The Bulgarian Independence Movement 17138:The Bulgarian Independence Movement 17078:Library of Congress Country Studies 16945:from the original on 9 October 2022 16915:from the original on 3 January 2024 15521:from the original on 8 October 2014 15217:Dimitrov, Deyan (3 December 2019). 15074:Miller, Lee J (19 September 2018). 14819:from the original on 9 October 2022 13925:from the original on 9 October 2022 13545:from the original on 15 August 2018 13471:from the original on 11 August 2019 12763:from the original on 9 October 2022 12727:from the original on 9 October 2022 12429:from the original on 9 October 2022 12397:from the original on 9 October 2022 11726:from the original on 9 January 2021 11593:. 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Algora Publishing. p. 344. 7127: 6097:. UNESCO / Routledge. p. 99. 5649:"Human Development Report 2023/24" 5629:from the original on 20 March 2019 5423: 4976:, ballet and opera, which singers 4576:Other important religions include 3901:. In 2021, market research agency 3502:Science and technology in Bulgaria 3092:joint military training facilities 2815: 1912:, particularly during the crucial 1892:to take action. They convened the 1694:and received a royal crown from a 1628:, the capital of the second empire 170: (green & dark grey) 14: 21275: 17726: 17278:"Domestic Policy and Its Results" 16897:Curtis, Glenn (20 October 2006). 16628:"Bulgaria – Sport and recreation" 16600:. International Olympic Committee 16110:. Grammy Awards. 28 November 2017 16066:Religious Visual Arts in Bulgaria 15547:. 9 December 2011. Archived from 15043:Guineva, Maria (7 January 2013). 14849:from the original on 7 March 2021 14106:from the original on 15 June 2018 14064:Krasimirov, Angel (7 June 2018). 14033:from the original on 28 July 2018 13755:from the original on 8 March 2021 13116:from the original on 15 July 2018 12035:from the original on 16 July 2018 11681:from the original on 20 July 2018 10443:from the original on 28 July 2018 10353:from the original on 10 July 2018 10290:Institute for Economics and Peace 10207:from the original on 10 June 2023 10023:Barzachka, Nina (25 April 2017). 9912:from the original on 10 June 2015 9791:from the original on 22 June 2013 9590:from the original on 17 July 2011 9409:from the original on 16 July 2011 9258:"Bulgaria: Plant and animal life" 9209:"Bulgaria's biodiversity at risk" 8896:from the original on 21 July 2018 8515:. pp. 23, 27. Archived from 8007:from the original on 7 March 2015 7872:from the original on 16 June 2012 7151:from the original on 24 July 2015 7100:from the original on 24 July 2015 6843:Historical Dictionary of Bulgaria 6348:from the original on 26 June 2015 5430: 4497:Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, Sofia 4426:Ministry of Education and Science 4404:The Rectorate of Sofia University 3916: 3691: 3140:. The land forces consist of two 2811: 2730:Institute for Economics and Peace 2500:, but scores low on air quality. 2295:and broadening as it reaches the 1830:in the northwest of the country. 176: (green) – [ 21164: 21151: 21138: 21119: 21106: 21093: 21074: 21061: 21048: 21029: 21016: 21004: 20991: 20925: 20924: 20426:Democratic Republic of the Congo 19921: 19806: 19495:German occupation in World War I 18946: 18935: 18934: 18629: 17752: 17742: 17684:A Companion to Ancient Macedonia 17134:"The Final Move to Independence" 16797: 16778:Ames, Nick (16 September 2014). 16771: 16745: 16719: 16697: 16671: 16649: 16625: 16590: 16564: 16538: 16508: 16493: 16475: 16449: 16327: 16299: 16271: 16243: 16215: 16183: 16156: 16122: 16100: 16079: 16053: 16026: 16000: 15973: 15942: 15922:Readings in Russian Civilization 15912: 15882: 15825: 15803: 15769: 15730: 15694: 15617: 15599: 15581: 15563: 15533: 15503: 15464: 15425: 15399: 15371: 15359: 15347:from the original on 20 May 2018 15329: 15299: 15273: 15237: 15210: 15134: 15098: 15067: 15036: 15027: 15018: 14968: 14931: 14920: 14887: 14875:from the original on 7 July 2019 14861: 14831: 14756:"Country Comparison: Death rate" 14748: 14720:"Country Comparison: Birth rate" 14712: 14676: 14641: 14635: 14624:from the original on 10 May 2022 14599: 14569: 14543: 14517: 14478: 14466:from the original on 10 May 2022 14390: 14364: 14328: 14298: 14254: 14154: 14118: 14088: 14057: 14019: 13993: 13967: 13937: 13905: 13862: 13836: 13793: 13767: 13724: 13685: 13642: 13557: 13527: 13457: 13435:Zapryanov, Yoan (22 June 2018). 13428: 13409: 13391:"The Great Bulgarian BrainDrain" 13382: 13356: 13323: 13292: 13270: 13255: 13188: 13158: 13056: 13044:from the original on 5 June 2020 13028: 13016:from the original on 10 May 2022 13003: 12997: 12967: 12941: 12911: 12891:Ivanova, Miglena (31 May 2017). 12884: 12872:from the original on 10 May 2022 12859: 12853: 12827: 12775: 12739: 12707: 12669: 12653:. 18 August 2011. Archived from 12606: 12580: 12544: 12532:from the original on 10 May 2022 12519: 12513: 12477: 12441: 12417:"Public procurement in Bulgaria" 12409: 12364: 12352:from the original on 10 May 2022 12335: 12323:from the original on 12 May 2022 12303: 12265:from the original on 12 May 2022 12212: 12182: 12150: 12138:from the original on 25 May 2022 12086: 12047: 12017: 11987: 11975:from the original on 12 May 2022 11959: 11932: 11920:from the original on 10 May 2022 11906: 11894:from the original on 12 May 2022 11880: 11868:from the original on 5 June 2019 11852: 11833:. Eurostat. 2012. Archived from 11820: 11794: 11738: 11708: 11665: 11639: 11609: 11597:from the original on 12 May 2022 11583: 11553: 11517: 11505:from the original on 12 May 2022 11449: 11395: 11350: 11301:from the original on 12 May 2022 11291:"Bulgaria – Late Communist rule" 11288: 11282: 11252: 11226: 11196: 11184:from the original on 12 May 2022 11165: 11133: 11121:from the original on 12 May 2022 11106: 11038: 11012: 10986: 10969: 10939: 10854: 10824: 10806:"Bulgaria – Bilateral Relations" 10798: 10772: 10734:from the original on 12 May 2022 10714: 10686: 10660: 10642:"Областите в България. Портрети" 10634: 10606: 10580: 10554: 10507: 10481: 10455: 10424: 10398: 10365: 10337: 10311: 10249: 10189: 10127: 10095: 10072: 10049: 10037:from the original on 12 May 2022 9985: 9961:Petrov, Angel (6 October 2014). 9954: 9942:from the original on 12 May 2022 9924: 9897: 9864: 9803: 9776: 9751: 9745: 9713: 9701:from the original on 12 May 2022 9683: 9602: 9538:from the original on 11 May 2011 9520: 9490: 9462:Hakim, Danny (15 October 2013). 9455: 9421: 9391: 9365: 9339: 9313: 9280: 9255: 9168: 9141: 9053: 9041: 8993: 8882: 8793:"Human Development Index Report" 8785: 8731: 8719:from the original on 26 May 2022 8701: 8671: 8628: 8608:from the original on 11 May 2011 8587: 8547:Bulgarian Foreign Debt 1944–1989 8534: 8501: 8200:"External Migration in Bulgaria" 7902:from the original on 10 May 2022 7827:from the original on 12 May 2022 7814: 7504:from the original on 12 May 2022 7491: 7372:from the original on 12 May 2022 7359: 7294:. Blackwell Publishing. p. 7246:Scylitzae, Ioannis, ed. (1973). 7138: 7087: 7069:from the original on 12 May 2022 6961:from the original on 12 May 2022 6674: 6452:. Cengage Learning. p. 57. 6427:from the original on 17 May 2023 5740:Petersen, Leif Inge Ree (2013). 5408: 5301: 5266: 4881:, many produced by the medieval 4365:. Over 80% of deaths are due to 3018:Bulgaria became a member of the 2600: 2496:Bulgaria ranks 30th in the 2018 2421:, one of the richest in Europe, 2382:Köppen climate types of Bulgaria 2260:features of the country are the 2195:in 2004 and participated in the 1833:As Ottoman power began to wane, 1511:abolished paganism in favour of 1363:in the 3rd century, and finally 1039:rule for nearly five centuries. 764: 763: 738: 716: 715: 697: 696: 664: 663: 645: 644: 593: 123: 66: 52: 17402:The Society and its Environment 17378:The Society and its Environment 16823: 16502:"Bulgaria wine production 2016" 16089:Bulgarian-Macedonian Folk Music 16068:]. P. Geuthner. p. 95. 15949:McNeill, William Hardy (1963). 14986:"Bulgaria Health system review" 14938:Hope, Kerin (11 January 2018). 13659:]. Trud. pp. 257–258. 13330:Hope, Kerin (17 October 2016). 13065:"100 Tourist Sites of Bulgaria" 11778:. International Monetary Fund. 11359:OECD Economic Surveys: Bulgaria 11082:"Armed Forces Development Plan" 10953:. 28 April 2006. Archived from 10233:. Freedom House. Archived from 10147:from the original on 8 May 2021 9904:Seiler, Bistra (26 June 2013). 9560:. European Environment Agency. 9433:Environmental Performance Index 9103:Видово разнообразие на България 8741:Разрушителният български преход 8472:Domestic Policy and Its Results 8414: 8375: 8349:Valentino, Benjamin A. (2005). 8342: 8285: 8222: 8191: 8173:"WWI Casualty and Death Tables" 8165: 8128: 8089: 8043: 7959: 7929: 7884: 7854: 7766: 7715: 7677: 7638: 7599: 7519: 7239: 7209: 7178: 7081: 7051: 7012: 6980:Fine, John Van Antwerp (1991). 6927: 6888: 6870:. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 48. 6859: 6834: 6777: 6738: 6699: 6668: 6638: 6599: 6560: 6521: 6493: 6439: 6360: 6282:Nature, Choice and Social Power 6272: 6210: 6168: 6126: 6084: 6025: 5986: 5922:from Bacho Kiro Cave, Bulgaria" 5909: 5848: 5796: 5733: 5682: 5377: 5099:are the typical grapes used in 5008:) and blends of jazz and folk ( 3775: 2735: 2498:Environmental Performance Index 2083:but declined to participate in 2009:The Bulgarian principality won 1930:History of Bulgaria (1878–1946) 1756: 1570:defeated the Bulgarian army at 1480:. Their horde was a remnant of 1128:United Nations Security Council 1031:, which reached its apex under 1023:conquered and dismantled it. A 20866:International Francophonie Day 17576:. Princeton University Press. 17025:. Cambridge University Press. 17004:. Cambridge University Press. 16678:Buddell, James (7 July 2014). 16306:Midgette, Anne (3 June 2004). 16278:Kozinn, Allan (29 June 1993). 15835:. UNESCO World Heritage Centre 15307:"Bulgaria: University Ranking" 15176:. UNICEF. 2007. Archived from 14336:"Field listing: Ethnic Groups" 13802:Radiation Protection Dosimetry 13501:. Springer. pp. 247–250. 13393:. Delft Technical University. 10670:. The Green Papers Worldwide. 10588:"Local Structures in Bulgaria" 9729:. 6 April 2012. Archived from 9349:. GRID-Arendal. Archived from 8292:Pavlowitch, Stevan K. (2008). 7849:The Final Move to Independence 7779:. Edizioni Plus. p. 261. 7325:History of the Byzantine State 7322:Ostrogorsky, Georgije (1969). 6606:Gagarin, Michael, ed. (2010). 5857:Nature Ecology & Evolution 5534: 5514:Природна география на България 5447: 5402:[rɛˈpublikɐbɐɫˈɡarijɐ] 5294: 4933:. A distinguishing feature is 3838:1,241,675 people, followed by 3339:issues the national currency, 1954:was signed on 3 March 1878 by 1938:History of Bulgaria since 1989 1882:national awakening of Bulgaria 1430:Thracians in the rural areas. 612:63/km (163.2/sq mi) ( 385:Unitary parliamentary republic 1: 19366:People's Republic of Bulgaria 18890:country of the United Kingdom 17643:Grogan, Elinor F. B. (1922). 17022:A Concise History of Bulgaria 16435:. ABC-CLIO. pp. 61, 62. 16129:Lang, David Marshall (1976). 16086:Kremenliev, Boris A. (1952). 14096:"Bulgaria – Power Generation" 13846:. Darik News. 22 March 2019. 13586:10.1016/S0094-5765(98)00102-7 13288:Composite Antarctic Gazetteer 12588:"Bulgaria: Selling off steel" 12422:. European Commission. 2015. 9871:Buckley, Neil (29 May 2013). 9060:Donchev & Karakashev 2004 9048:Donchev & Karakashev 2004 6091:de Laet, Sigfried J. (1996). 5518:Natural Geography of Bulgaria 5440: 5250:2014–15 UEFA Champions League 4950: 4739:Rock-hewn Churches of Ivanovo 4512:Eastern Orthodox Christianity 3520:Bulgarian Academy of Sciences 3375:billion) of state budget and 3348:financial crisis of 2007–2008 3000:Foreign relations of Bulgaria 2402:Biodiversity and conservation 1934:People's Republic of Bulgaria 1783:from the Byzantines in 1362; 1513:Eastern Orthodox Christianity 1503:, in which Byzantine emperor 1278: 1083:in 1991, Bulgaria has been a 1011:and significantly influenced 995:, attacked from the lands of 944:; other major cities include 20138:Consultative Parties to the 19866:European Economic Area (EEA) 19500:Estonian War of Independence 16657:"Highest high jump (female)" 16108:"32nd Grammy Awards Winners" 15407:"The Bulgarian Constitution" 15024:Country Health Profile, p. 7 14993:Health Systems in Transition 14974:Country Health Profile, p. 1 14894:Hope, Kerin (9 March 2018). 14796:The Global Gender Gap Report 13067:. Bulgarian National Radio. 12895:. Bulgarian National Radio. 12449:"Field listing: Labor force" 10463:"Interpol entry on Bulgaria" 8635:Mudeva, Anna (31 May 2009). 8388:. Anthem Press. p. 99. 8146:. p. 18. Archived from 7090:"The Spread of Christianity" 6490:, pp. 135–138, 343–345. 6279:Schoenberger, Erica (2015). 5993:Gimbutas, Marija A. (1974). 5918:"Initial Upper Palaeolithic 5826:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.06.002 4474:, and the use of a suffixed 4389: 3364:Corruption Perceptions Index 2218: 1527:, developed in the capital, 1133: 1126:and has taken a seat on the 1044:Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78 940:is the nation's capital and 701:$ 103.099 billion ( 649:$ 216.499 billion ( 7: 20622:French Community of Belgium 19181:Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia 17757:Geographic data related to 17748:Wikimedia Atlas of Bulgaria 17660:MacDermott, Mercia (1998). 17649:. In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). 17044:. Oxford University Press. 16224:"Obituary: Boris Christoff" 16192:"Obituary: Ghena Dimitrova" 15511:"Bulgarian Orthodox Church" 15435:The Ecumenical Patriarchate 15255:Central Intelligence Agency 15116:Central Intelligence Agency 14871:. Eurostat. 25 April 2018. 14766:Central Intelligence Agency 14730:Central Intelligence Agency 14694:Central Intelligence Agency 14346:Central Intelligence Agency 14136:Central Intelligence Agency 12975:"Europe (without the euro)" 12562:Central Intelligence Agency 12552:"Field listing: Industries" 12495:Central Intelligence Agency 12459:Central Intelligence Agency 11535:Central Intelligence Agency 11467:Central Intelligence Agency 8952:Central Intelligence Agency 8421:Neuburger, Mary C. (2013). 8382:Stankova, Marietta (2015). 8206:(3/99): 124. Archived from 7684:Fishman, Joshua A. (2010). 7404:"History of Bulgaria" 5689:Bowersock, Glen W. (1999). 5589:International Monetary Fund 5552:Central Intelligence Agency 5392: 5371: 5259: 5031: 4707:UNESCO World Heritage Sites 4693:is also widely celebrated. 4635:European Capital of Culture 4481: 4444: 3911:legacy of the Socialist era 3889:, ranking 18th in the 2018 3662:International Space Station 3109: 3104:Russian invasion of Ukraine 2562:at least 18 years old. The 2516: 2392:Mediterranean climatic zone 2089:saved its Jewish population 1843:uprising in Tarnovo in 1598 1025:successful Bulgarian revolt 1015:cultures by developing the 1007:. It dominated most of the 16:Country in Southeast Europe 10: 21280: 20087: 19817: 18738:British Overseas Territory 18356:Countries and dependencies 16335:"Bulgaria profile – Media" 16252:"Obituary: Ljuba Welitsch" 16135:. Westview Press. p. 15471:Carvalho, Joaquim (2007). 13649:Dimitrova, Milena (2008). 13277:St. Kliment Ohridski Base. 12951:. Fox News. 16 July 2014. 12522:"Bulgaria – Manufacturing" 12098:Transparency International 11746:"Comparative price levels" 10231:"Bulgaria Country Profile" 9347:"Biodiversity in Bulgaria" 7936:Blamires, Cyprian (2006). 7773:Carvalho, Joaquim (2007). 7019:Vlasto, Alexis P. (1970). 6500:Nagle, D. Brendan (2006). 5806:Journal of Human Evolution 5141:first modern Olympic games 5118: 4614: 4610: 4485: 4448: 4393: 4354: 3924: 3779: 3695: 3571:high performance computing 3524:Bloomberg Innovation Index 3499: 3296:An electronics factory in 3213: 3209: 3113: 2997: 2779:Municipalities of Bulgaria 2772: 2668:2016 Presidential election 2520: 2493:by 30% from 1990 to 2009. 2349: 2222: 2073:authoritarian dictatorship 1927: 1787:fell in 1382, followed by 1760: 1609: 1437: 1194: 1183: 1179: 979:; stability came when the 912:. Bulgaria is bordered by 537:• Monarchy abolished 18: 20978: 20920: 20899: 20848: 20822: 20802: 20676: 20640: 20615:National/regional members 20614: 20343: 20334: 20146: 20085: 19930: 19919: 19872: 19815: 19804: 19663: 19421:History of Czechoslovakia 19221:First Republic of Armenia 19124: 19098: 19002: 18907: 18863: 18838: 18813: 18800: 18747: 18723: 18716: 18693: 18680: 18638: 18627: 18366: 18322: 18317:Links to related articles 18280: 18196: 18151: 18142: 18077: 18068: 17973: 17964: 17887: 17878: 17820: 17600:. Duke University Press. 17554:. Duke University Press. 17470:"Government and Politics" 16906:Federal Research Division 16899:Country Profile: Bulgaria 16380:Reporters Without Borders 16039:The Literary Encyclopedia 15737:Creed, Gerald W. (2011). 15385:"Bulgaria/Language" 15245:"Field Listing: Literacy" 13698:. Springer. p. 276. 13616:. Springer. p. 155. 13298:Ivanov, Lyubomir (2015). 12371:Stefanov, Ruslan (2015). 11428:OECD Journal on Budgeting 11419:Hawkesworth, Ian (2009). 11050:The Military Balance 2021 10977:"2024 Global Peace Index" 10489:"National Police Service" 10283:"Global Peace Index 2019" 10092:. Retrieved 20 July 2021. 10069:. Retrieved 20 July 2021. 9148:Belev, Toma (June 2010). 8229:Chenoweth, Erica (2010). 7942:. ABC-CLIO. p. 107. 7571:History of the Bulgarians 7494:"Bulgaria – Ottoman rule" 7191:. Temple Smith. pp. 7185:Browning, Robert (1975). 6934:Zlatarski, Vasil (1938). 6567:O Hogain, Daithi (2002). 6528:Ashley, James R. (1998). 6285:. Routledge. p. 81. 6054:10.1017/S0003598X00099312 5949:10.1038/s41586-020-2259-z 5877:10.1038/s41559-020-1136-3 5414:Cited to multiple sources 5384: 5360: 5139:Bulgaria appeared at the 5114: 4864:Nobel Prize in Literature 4756:The establishment of the 4590:Armenian Apostolic Church 4516:Bulgarian Orthodox Church 4460:Slavic group of languages 4371:cardiovascular conditions 4350: 3543:St. Kliment Ohridski Base 2648:Bulgarian Socialist Party 2632:the 2009 general election 2388:continental climatic zone 2184:Bulgarian Socialist Party 2121:Bulgarian Communist Party 1894:Constantinople Conference 1081:a democratic constitution 934:sixteenth-largest country 864: 852: 840: 816: 798: 783: 753: 728: 709: 690: 676: 657: 638: 620: 606: 587: 580: 570: 556: 549: 545: 535: 518: 505: 492: 479: 475: 468: 458: 454: 439: 424: 409: 394: 390: 378: 360: 299: 262: 250: 240: 187: 156: 105: 94:Sŭedinenieto pravi silata 89:Съединението прави силата 82: 48: 30: 21:Bulgaria (disambiguation) 20411:Central African Republic 19231:Armenian–Azerbaijani war 17040:Crampton, R. J. (2007). 17019:Crampton, R. J. (2005). 16998:Crampton, R. J. (1987). 16850: 16832: 16360:Library of Congress 2006 15889:Giatzidis, Emil (2002). 15205:Library of Congress 2006 15144:. The World Bank. 2019. 14374:. The World Bank. 2018. 14164:. EuRail. Archived from 13900:Library of Congress 2006 13872:. SpaceX. Archived from 13437: 13036: 12862:"Bulgaria – Agriculture" 12344: 12311: 11967: 11916:. The World Bank. 2018. 11860: 11673: 11497: 10951:Southeast European Times 10722: 10694: 10614: 10515: 10345: 9678:Library of Congress 2006 9666:Library of Congress 2006 9102: 8965:(Archived 2011 edition.) 8926:Library of Congress 2006 8780:Library of Congress 2006 8740: 8204:South-East Europe Review 7645:Detrez, Raymond (2008). 7446:Martin, Michael (2017). 7286:Cameron, Averil (2006). 6939: 6895:Wolfram, Herwig (1990). 6866:Parry, Ken, ed. (2010). 6841:Detrez, Raymond (2014). 5513: 5192:1987 World Championships 5017:Bulgarian National Radio 4935:extended rhythmical time 4741:and the ancient city of 4721:, the Thracian tombs in 4546:and over 2,000 priests. 4377:is nominally universal, 3891:Global Gender Gap Report 3885:Bulgaria scores high in 3831: Undeclared (1.31%) 3782:Demographics of Bulgaria 3516:research and development 3436:are also grown. Quality 3318:gross domestic product ( 3196:self-propelled howitzers 3171:air defence systems and 2932: 2881: 2769:Administrative divisions 2757:and drug-related crime; 2747:Ministry of the Interior 2672:March 2017 snap election 2491:carbon dioxide emissions 2000:Principality of Bulgaria 1863:Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca 1523:and the adoption of the 1201:Old Europe (archaeology) 1191:Prehistory and Antiquity 509:Principality of Bulgaria 20871:Jeux de la Francophonie 19525:Estonia in World War II 19485:Estophile Enlightenment 19341:Second Bulgarian Empire 18894:British-Irish Agreement 17845:Second Bulgarian Empire 17706:(in Bulgarian). София ( 17687:. John Wiley and Sons. 17652:Encyclopædia Britannica 17350:"Bulgaria in the 1980s" 17282:Communist Consolidation 17258:Communist Consolidation 17230:"The Soviet Occupation" 17062:Country Study: Bulgaria 16938:. European Commission. 16632:Encyclopædia Britannica 16458:"Bulgaria Bounces Back" 15869:Encyclopædia Britannica 15701:Encyclopædia Britannica 15515:Encyclopædia Britannica 15391:Encyclopædia Britannica 15171:"Education in Bulgaria" 13870:"BulgariaSat-1 Mission" 13010:Encyclopædia Britannica 12866:Encyclopædia Britannica 12526:Encyclopædia Britannica 11716:"GDP per capita in PPS" 11457:"Field listing: Budget" 11421:"Budgeting in Bulgaria" 11295:Encyclopædia Britannica 9262:Encyclopædia Britannica 8830:. NATO. 29 March 2004. 8666:Government and Politics 7896:Encyclopædia Britannica 7821:Encyclopædia Britannica 7566:Geschichte der Bulgaren 7498:Encyclopædia Britannica 7414:Encyclopædia Britannica 7366:Encyclopædia Britannica 7221:Encyclopædia Britannica 7145:Encyclopædia Britannica 7094:Encyclopædia Britannica 7063:Encyclopædia Britannica 6681:Encyclopædia Britannica 6650:Encyclopædia Britannica 6421:Encyclopædia Britannica 6342:Encyclopædia Britannica 6218:"The Gumelnita Culture" 5107:is a traditional fruit 4883:Tarnovo Artistic School 4782:Tarnovo Literary School 4715:Sreburna Nature Reserve 4418:functionally illiterate 3882:are among the highest. 3636:images of Martian moon 3528:Global Innovation Index 3337:Bulgarian National Bank 3204:surface-to-air missiles 3200:3D early-warning radars 2830: 2544:parliamentary democracy 2445:(106,323 individuals), 2180:parliamentary democracy 1984:National Liberation Day 1976:Second Bulgarian Empire 1612:Second Bulgarian Empire 1606:Second Bulgarian Empire 1284:and was one of several 1247:National History Museum 1029:Second Bulgarian Empire 241:Official languages 20861:UN French Language Day 20694:Bosnia and Herzegovina 19326:First Bulgarian Empire 18730:(Sovereign Base Areas) 18411:Bosnia and Herzegovina 18115:Science and technology 17840:First Bulgarian Empire 17663:Bulgarian Folk Customs 17616:Golden, Peter Benjamin 17110:"The First Golden Age" 16977:Chen, Sanping (2012). 16060:Grabar, André (1928). 15980:Curta, Florin (2006). 15865:"Bulgarian Literature" 15341:Times Higher Education 15311:Times Higher Education 13777:. ISRO. Archived from 12100:. 2017. Archived from 11617:"Брутен държавен дълг" 11266:. 2002. Archived from 10780:"Bulgaria – relations" 9726:Bloomberg Businessweek 9218:. 2013. Archived from 7612:. Brill. p. 193. 7606:Minkov, Anton (2004). 7188:Byzantium and Bulgaria 6784:Curta, Florin (2001). 6446:Kidner, Frank (2013). 6133:Grande, Lance (2009). 5746:. Brill. p. 369. 5512:Penin, Rumen (2007). 5210:national football team 5186:holder in the women's 5136: 4665: 4649: 4638: 4499: 4405: 4379:out-of-pocket expenses 4375:healthcare in Bulgaria 3713: 3511: 3496:Science and technology 3304: 3289: 3228:Bulgaria has an open, 3225: 3147:and eight independent 3122:Bulgarian Armed Forces 3116:Bulgarian Armed Forces 3015: 2820: 2759:homicide rates are low 2702:We Continue the Change 2660:October 2014 elections 2539: 2489:objective of reducing 2414: 2383: 2245: 2234: 2233:Topography of Bulgaria 2124: 2068: 1978:, and this day is now 1947: 1886:April Uprising of 1876 1873: 1772: 1747:Despotate of Dobrudzha 1629: 1588:Bulgarian Patriarchate 1490:First Bulgarian Empire 1462: 1440:First Bulgarian Empire 1434:First Bulgarian Empire 1265:found there are dated 1249: 1172:, a component of the " 1103:European Single Market 1088:parliamentary republic 1027:in 1185 established a 1001:First Bulgarian Empire 908:river and west of the 904:directly south of the 21224:Member states of NATO 20571:São Tomé and Príncipe 20431:Republic of the Congo 19820:Potential enlargement 19266:Stalinist repressions 18757:Bailiwick of Guernsey 18728:Akrotiri and Dhekelia 17737:UCB Libraries GovPubs 15919:Riha, Thomas (1964). 15697:"Bulgaria – The arts" 13282:19 March 2014 at the 12388:10.2307/j.ctvdf0g12.6 11750:ec.europa.eu/eurostat 11720:ec.europa.eu/eurostat 11674:БВП – регионално ниво 11178:The National Interest 10084:16 April 2022 at the 10062:16 April 2022 at the 8747:Le Monde diplomatique 8582:Bulgaria in the 1980s 8337:The Soviet Occupation 8175:. PBS. Archived from 5793:, pp. 92–95, 97. 5542:"Field listing: Area" 5128: 5023:and daily newspapers 4917:instruments, such as 4655: 4644: 4624: 4510:by constitution, but 4495: 4451:Languages of Bulgaria 4403: 4396:Education in Bulgaria 3709: 3702:Transport in Bulgaria 3618:gamma-ray observatory 3509: 3396:Structure and sectors 3295: 3287: 3223: 3007: 2819: 2775:Provinces of Bulgaria 2678:, who held 27 seats. 2644:snap elections in May 2530: 2409: 2381: 2240: 2232: 2225:Geography of Bulgaria 2129:left-wing coup d'état 2115: 2066: 1952:Treaty of San Stefano 1945: 1924:Third Bulgarian state 1914:Battle of Shipka Pass 1876:The Western European 1871: 1770: 1619: 1447: 1240: 1195:Further information: 572:• Water (%) 470:Establishment history 217:42.69750°N 23.32250°E 20668:United Arab Emirates 19236:Turkish–Armenian War 18268:World Heritage Sites 18027:Chief of the Defence 17528:on 21 September 2008 17518:"Military Personnel" 17504:on 20 September 2008 17480:on 21 September 2008 17456:on 20 September 2008 17432:on 20 September 2008 17408:on 21 September 2008 17384:on 21 September 2008 17360:on 20 September 2008 17336:on 20 September 2008 17312:on 21 September 2008 17288:on 20 September 2008 17264:on 20 September 2008 17240:on 21 September 2008 17216:on 20 September 2008 17192:on 21 September 2008 17168:on 21 September 2008 17144:on 20 September 2008 17120:on 21 September 2008 17096:on 20 September 2008 17086:"Historical Setting" 16578:on 28 September 2011 16429:Albala, Ken (2011). 15952:The Rise of the West 15833:"Bulgaria – Profile" 15432:Kiminas, D. (2009). 15366:NSI Census data 2011 14617:Gapminder Foundation 14293:NSI Census data 2011 14162:"Trains in Bulgaria" 13006:"Bulgaria – Tourism" 12925:. 30 November 2017. 12166:. 12 December 2014. 11703:NSI Census data 2017 11366:. 1999. p. 24. 11048:(25 February 2021). 10173:. 2 September 2021. 9697:. 23 November 2016. 8050:Pinon, Rene (1913). 7248:Synopsis Historiarum 7173:The First Golden Age 6937:Istorija 1A – b1 – 1 6898:History of the Goths 6570:The Celts: A History 5242:long-standing rivals 5152:all-time medal table 5049:freedom of the press 4488:Religion in Bulgaria 4433:degree and a 1-year 3876:total fertility rate 3298:Trakia Economic Zone 3090:subsequently became 3036:European Communities 3011:jet fighters of the 2807:Council of Ministers 2763:National Gendarmerie 2656:large-scale protests 2523:Politics of Bulgaria 2091:from deportation to 2085:Operation Barbarossa 2011:a war against Serbia 1853:in 1688 and finally 1847:a second one in 1686 1731:the feudal landlords 1727:great peasant revolt 1719:establish suzerainty 1596:autocephalous status 1414:, who lived under a 1386:book—was created by 1359:in 341 BC, attacked 1357:Philip II of Macedon 1142:is derived from the 894:Republic of Bulgaria 818:• Summer ( 589:• 2023 estimate 496:2nd Bulgarian Empire 483:1st Bulgarian Empire 99:Unity makes strength 32:Republic of Bulgaria 21219:Countries in Europe 20907:Francophone economy 19515:Soviet deportations 19256:Bronze and Iron Age 19226:Armeno-Georgian War 19141:Prehistoric Armenia 18850:unincorporated area 18779:Bailiwick of Jersey 18641:States with limited 18087:Economic statistics 17870:Bulgaria since 1990 17590:Ghodsee, Kristen R. 17570:Ghodsee, Kristen R. 17544:Ghodsee, Kristen R. 17067:Library of Congress 16958:Bell, John (1998). 16925:Library of Congress 16865:on 22 December 2018 16805:"Club Coefficients" 16516:"Wines of Bulgaria" 16041:. Vol. 1.4.1. 15545:Hürriyet Daily News 15413:on 10 December 2010 15337:"Study in Bulgaria" 14946:The Financial Times 14902:The Financial Times 14352:on 21 November 2020 14312:. 31 October 2017. 14142:on 7 September 2017 13981:on 24 February 2021 13876:on 17 November 2019 13578:1998AcAau..42...11I 13418:"Socialist Cyborgs" 13338:The Financial Times 13305:8 July 2015 at the 13207:10.34667/tind.46596 13142:. 31 October 2016. 12568:on 18 December 2020 12104:on 21 February 2018 12001:. 10 October 2012. 11840:on 14 November 2012 11332:European Commission 11260:"Bulgaria Overview" 11022:. 26 October 2023. 10996:. 8 December 2023. 10921:"Bulgaria Factbook" 10870:. 22 October 2014. 10838:. 28 October 2010. 10760:on 19 February 2011 10030:The Washington Post 9879:The Financial Times 9504:. 14 January 2008. 9287:Denchev, Cvetomir. 7141:"Reign of Simeon I" 6254:"Bulgaria Factbook" 5941:2020Natur.581..299H 5869:2020NatEE...4..794F 5818:2017JHumE.111...54T 5679:, pp. 103–104. 5591:. 10 October 2023. 5393:Republika Bǎlgariya 5282:Outline of Bulgaria 5214:1994 FIFA World Cup 4834:-inspired works of 4711:Pirin National Park 4617:Culture of Bulgaria 4561:or abstaining from 4508:freedom of religion 3825: Other (1.31%) 3630:exploration of Mars 3476:and winter resorts 3382:European Commission 3267:tax rates in the EU 3216:Economy of Bulgaria 3102:Following the 2022 3068:KC-135 Stratotanker 3040:Treaty of Accession 3013:Bulgarian Air Force 2640:nationwide protests 2636:minority government 2532:Independence Square 2256:. The most notable 2176:Revolutions of 1989 2093:concentration camps 2054:Incident at Petrich 1906:Russia declared war 1855:Karposh's rebellion 1851:Chiprovtsi Uprising 1793:Battle of Nicopolis 1642:defeat at Manzikert 1594:, but retained its 1209:Chalcolithic Europe 1186:History of Bulgaria 1095:high-income economy 1069:revolutions of 1989 320:Bulgarian Orthodoxy 212: / 120:("Dear Motherland") 41:Republika Bŭlgariya 20984: 20912:Senghor University 20709:Dominican Republic 20246:Russian Federation 19960:provisional member 19874:EFTA member states 19490:National awakening 19400:Kingdom of Bohemia 19321:Old Great Bulgaria 19296:Soviet repressions 18749:Crown Dependencies 17835:Old Great Bulgaria 16962:. Westview Press. 16733:on 6 November 2011 16705:"Hristo Stoichkov" 16489:. 21 October 2016. 16362:, pp. 18, 23. 16313:The New York Times 16285:The New York Times 15287:on 11 January 2012 15250:The World Factbook 15122:on 1 February 2019 15111:The World Factbook 14761:The World Factbook 14725:The World Factbook 14689:The World Factbook 14658:The World Factbook 14606:Max Roser (2014), 14437:on 5 November 2013 14341:The World Factbook 14131:The World Factbook 13951:. 3 October 2011. 13814:10.1093/rpd/ncq506 13781:on 19 January 2012 12811:. United Nations. 12620:. 29 August 2015. 12557:The World Factbook 12490:The World Factbook 12454:The World Factbook 11947:on 1 November 2012 11890:. The World Bank. 11530:The World Factbook 11462:The World Factbook 11240:on 11 January 2018 10957:on 25 January 2011 10786:on 5 February 2012 10622:on 2 February 2014 10412:on 1 November 2012 10379:The New York Times 9908:. Deutsche Welle. 9642:on 16 January 2014 9469:The New York Times 9405:. 11 August 2009. 9323:. United Nations. 9156:on 2 November 2011 8947:The World Factbook 8601:The New York Times 8210:on 17 January 2013 8026:Historical Setting 6260:on 18 October 2011 6224:on 13 October 2012 5558:on 31 January 2014 5547:The World Factbook 5385:Република България 5180:Stefka Kostadinova 5137: 4808:Aleko Konstantinov 4774:a written language 4666: 4650: 4639: 4500: 4466:), the absence of 4406: 4357:Health in Bulgaria 3714: 3698:Energy in Bulgaria 3652:dosimeters on the 3551:Western Antarctica 3512: 3464:, coastal resorts 3410:petroleum refining 3305: 3290: 3226: 3177:ballistic missiles 3097:Global Peace Index 3016: 2821: 2664:formed a coalition 2583:commander-in-chief 2556:universal suffrage 2552:head of government 2540: 2467:Rila National Park 2427:biosphere reserves 2415: 2411:Belogradchik Rocks 2384: 2246: 2235: 2197:War in Afghanistan 2125: 2107:Southern Dobrudzha 2069: 1948: 1874: 1828:Catholic community 1773: 1630: 1622:Tsarevets fortress 1590:was reduced to an 1550:and the spread of 1482:Old Great Bulgaria 1463: 1398:control after the 1319:, appeared on the 1257:Middle Paleolithic 1250: 1229:Greek colonisation 1197:Prehistoric Europe 997:Old Great Bulgaria 896:, is a country in 686:2023 estimate 634:2023 estimate 264:Ethnic groups 222:42.69750; 23.32250 36:Република България 21191: 21190: 21185: 21184: 21180: 21179: 20938: 20937: 20818: 20817: 20803:Suspended members 20641:Associate members 20451:Equatorial Guinea 20294: 20293: 20105: 20104: 19963: 19914: 19902: 19890: 19831: 19830: 19619: 19618: 19430:German occupation 19301:German occupation 19261:Early Middle Ages 19216:Caucasus campaign 19211:Armenian genocide 18962: 18961: 18903: 18902: 18825:autonomous region 18796: 18795: 18792: 18791: 18309: 18308: 18276: 18275: 18138: 18137: 18064: 18063: 18046:Political parties 18034:National Assembly 17988:Foreign relations 17960: 17959: 17942:Rhodope Mountains 17865:People's Republic 17694:978-1-4443-5163-7 17673:978-1-85302-486-3 17635:978-3-447-03274-2 17626:Otto Harrassowitz 17607:978-0-8223-3662-4 17561:978-0-8223-5102-3 17522:National Security 17498:National Security 17051:978-0-19-954158-4 17032:978-0-521-61637-9 17011:978-0-521-25340-6 16990:978-0-8122-4370-3 16969:978-0-8133-9010-9 16552:. 10 October 2011 16442:978-0-313-37626-9 16146:978-0-89158-530-5 15993:978-0-521-81539-0 15962:978-1-112-69531-5 15932:978-0-7190-6094-6 15902:978-0-7190-6094-6 15863:Brisby, Liliana. 15750:978-0-253-22261-9 15727:, pp. 64–70. 15484:978-88-8492-464-3 15445:978-1-4344-5876-6 14809:978-2-940631-00-1 14613:Our World In Data 14531:on 6 October 2014 14498:978-3-643-10896-8 14052:NSI Brochure 2018 14007:on 11 August 2020 13705:978-3-319-19568-1 13623:978-0-387-78904-0 13566:Acta Astronautica 13541:. 17 April 2011. 13508:978-3-319-24161-6 13319:978-954-07-3939-7 13216:978-92-805-3432-0 13112:. 22 March 2018. 13090:NSI Brochure 2018 12981:. 20 April 2009. 12196:. 24 March 2018. 11567:. 15 March 2016. 11067:978-1-03-201227-8 10549:NSI Brochure 2018 10495:on 3 October 2012 10299:on 27 August 2019 10229:Zankina, Emilia. 10067:BalkanInsight.com 9680:, pp. 16–17. 9478:on 1 January 2022 9244:NSI Brochure 2018 9136:NSI Brochure 2018 8988:NSI Brochure 2018 8950:(2024 ed.). 8713:www.parliament.bg 8434:978-0-8014-5084-6 8395:978-1-78308-430-2 8368:978-0-8014-3965-0 8305:978-0-19-932663-1 8242:978-0-262-01420-5 8179:on 3 October 2016 8109:978-0-8153-0399-2 8067:978-1-144-41381-9 7949:978-1-57607-940-9 7735:978-0-313-31949-5 7697:978-0-19-537492-6 7580:978-3-487-06408-6 7459:978-1-62894-279-8 7339:978-0-8135-1198-6 7305:978-1-4051-9833-2 7257:978-3-11-002285-8 7202:978-0-520-02670-4 7124:, pp. 12–13. 7032:978-0-521-07459-9 6993:978-0-472-08149-3 6908:978-0-520-06983-1 6877:978-1-4443-3361-9 6852:978-1-4422-4179-4 6800:978-1-139-42888-0 6758:978-0-521-36291-7 6719:978-0-521-27485-2 6619:978-0-19-517072-6 6580:978-0-85115-923-2 6541:978-0-7864-1918-0 6511:978-0-19-997845-8 6459:978-1-111-84131-7 6415:Allcock, John B. 6380:978-0-521-22496-3 6292:978-0-415-83386-8 6188:978-0-691-14388-0 6146:978-0-226-30511-0 6104:978-92-3-102811-3 6006:978-0-520-01995-9 5935:(7808): 299–302. 5702:978-0-674-51173-6 5527:978-954-18-0546-6 5461:on 19 August 2019 5390: 5369: 5288:Explanatory notes 5134:2015 Italian Open 5121:Sport in Bulgaria 5089:Shiroka melnishka 5056:Bulgarian cuisine 4972:further enriched 4966:Pancho Vladigerov 4907:Zlatyu Boyadzhiev 4899:Vladimir Dimitrov 4844:Socialist realism 4828:Dimcho Debelyanov 4578:Roman Catholicism 4363:healthcare system 4347: 4346: 3746:renewable sources 3742:Kozloduy reactors 3684:—was launched by 3611:Mir space station 3589:space exploration 3547:Livingston Island 3535:materials science 3490:100 Tourist Sites 3377:European cohesion 3353:income inequality 2994:Foreign relations 2991: 2990: 2986: 2985: 2652:Plamen Oresharski 2615: 2591:National Assembly 2587:presidential veto 2316:Rhodope Mountains 2140:people's republic 2123:from 1946 to 1949 2058:League of Nations 2031:Second Balkan War 1737:—two tsardoms at 1525:Cyrillic alphabet 1384:Germanic language 1365:became a province 1341:Achaemenid Empire 1303:. The associated 1213:Bronze Age Europe 1120:Council of Europe 928:to the west, and 892:, officially the 887: 886: 747:medium inequality 711:• Per capita 659:• Per capita 541:15 September 1946 463:National Assembly 149: 21271: 21209:Balkan countries 21170: 21168: 21167: 21157: 21155: 21154: 21144: 21142: 21141: 21125: 21123: 21122: 21112: 21110: 21109: 21099: 21097: 21096: 21080: 21078: 21077: 21067: 21065: 21064: 21054: 21052: 21051: 21035: 21033: 21032: 21022: 21020: 21019: 21009: 21008: 20997: 20995: 20994: 20981: 20980: 20965: 20958: 20951: 20942: 20941: 20928: 20927: 20341: 20340: 20321: 20314: 20307: 20298: 20297: 20140:Antarctic Treaty 20132: 20125: 20118: 20109: 20108: 19957: 19932:EU member states 19925: 19908: 19896: 19884: 19858: 19851: 19844: 19835: 19834: 19810: 19646: 19639: 19632: 19623: 19622: 19465:Livonian Crusade 19396:High Middle Ages 19391:Duchy of Bohemia 19331:Christianization 19316:Odrysian kingdom 19176:Mongol invasions 19171:Medieval Armenia 19166:Sasanian Armenia 19151:Artaxiad dynasty 19003:Sovereign states 18989: 18982: 18975: 18966: 18965: 18950: 18938: 18937: 18924:Governed by the 18886:Northern Ireland 18829:Åland convention 18811: 18810: 18721: 18720: 18691: 18690: 18633: 18368:Sovereign states 18349: 18342: 18335: 18326: 18325: 18313: 18312: 18289: 18149: 18148: 18105: 18075: 18074: 17971: 17970: 17907:Cities and towns 17897:Balkan Peninsula 17892:Balkan Mountains 17885: 17884: 17830:Odrysian kingdom 17806: 17799: 17792: 17783: 17782: 17768:Bulgaria Profile 17756: 17755: 17746: 17745: 17721: 17698: 17677: 17656: 17648: 17646:"Bulgaria" 17639: 17611: 17599: 17585: 17565: 17553: 17537: 17535: 17533: 17524:. Archived from 17513: 17511: 17509: 17500:. Archived from 17489: 17487: 17485: 17476:. Archived from 17465: 17463: 17461: 17452:. Archived from 17441: 17439: 17437: 17428:. Archived from 17417: 17415: 17413: 17404:. Archived from 17393: 17391: 17389: 17380:. Archived from 17369: 17367: 17365: 17356:. Archived from 17345: 17343: 17341: 17332:. Archived from 17321: 17319: 17317: 17308:. Archived from 17297: 17295: 17293: 17284:. Archived from 17273: 17271: 17269: 17260:. Archived from 17249: 17247: 17245: 17236:. Archived from 17225: 17223: 17221: 17212:. Archived from 17206:"Wartime Crisis" 17201: 17199: 17197: 17188:. Archived from 17177: 17175: 17173: 17164:. Archived from 17153: 17151: 17149: 17140:. Archived from 17129: 17127: 17125: 17116:. Archived from 17105: 17103: 17101: 17092:. Archived from 17081: 17075: 17073: 17055: 17036: 17015: 16994: 16973: 16954: 16952: 16950: 16944: 16937: 16928: 16922: 16920: 16914: 16903: 16893: 16891: 16889: 16883: 16874: 16872: 16870: 16864: 16857: 16845: 16843: 16841: 16817: 16816: 16814: 16812: 16801: 16795: 16794: 16792: 16790: 16775: 16769: 16768: 16766: 16764: 16749: 16743: 16742: 16740: 16738: 16723: 16717: 16716: 16714: 16712: 16701: 16695: 16694: 16692: 16690: 16675: 16669: 16668: 16666: 16664: 16653: 16647: 16646: 16640: 16638: 16623: 16610: 16609: 16607: 16605: 16594: 16588: 16587: 16585: 16583: 16568: 16562: 16561: 16559: 16557: 16542: 16536: 16535: 16533: 16531: 16522:. Archived from 16512: 16506: 16505: 16497: 16491: 16490: 16479: 16473: 16472: 16470: 16468: 16453: 16447: 16446: 16426: 16417: 16416: 16414: 16412: 16397: 16391: 16390: 16388: 16386: 16372: 16363: 16357: 16351: 16350: 16348: 16346: 16331: 16325: 16324: 16322: 16320: 16303: 16297: 16296: 16294: 16292: 16275: 16269: 16268: 16266: 16264: 16247: 16241: 16240: 16238: 16236: 16219: 16213: 16212: 16210: 16208: 16199:. 13 June 2005. 16194: 16187: 16181: 16180: 16178: 16176: 16160: 16154: 16153: 16126: 16120: 16119: 16117: 16115: 16104: 16098: 16097: 16083: 16077: 16069: 16057: 16051: 16050: 16030: 16024: 16023: 16021: 16019: 16004: 15998: 15997: 15977: 15971: 15970: 15946: 15940: 15939: 15916: 15910: 15909: 15886: 15880: 15879: 15877: 15875: 15860: 15845: 15844: 15842: 15840: 15829: 15823: 15822: 15820: 15818: 15807: 15801: 15795: 15789: 15788: 15786: 15784: 15773: 15767: 15766: 15764: 15762: 15734: 15728: 15722: 15716: 15715: 15709: 15707: 15692: 15673: 15672: 15670: 15668: 15652: 15646: 15645: 15643: 15641: 15621: 15615: 15614: 15603: 15597: 15596: 15585: 15579: 15578: 15567: 15561: 15560: 15558: 15556: 15551:on 18 March 2022 15537: 15531: 15530: 15528: 15526: 15507: 15501: 15500: 15498: 15496: 15468: 15462: 15461: 15459: 15457: 15429: 15423: 15422: 15420: 15418: 15403: 15397: 15395: 15387: 15380:Bourchier, James 15375: 15369: 15363: 15357: 15356: 15354: 15352: 15333: 15327: 15326: 15324: 15322: 15303: 15297: 15296: 15294: 15292: 15277: 15271: 15270: 15268: 15266: 15261:on 29 March 2020 15257:. Archived from 15241: 15235: 15234: 15232: 15230: 15214: 15208: 15202: 15193: 15192: 15190: 15188: 15182: 15175: 15167: 15158: 15157: 15155: 15153: 15138: 15132: 15131: 15129: 15127: 15118:. Archived from 15102: 15096: 15095: 15093: 15091: 15071: 15065: 15064: 15062: 15060: 15040: 15034: 15031: 15025: 15022: 15016: 15015: 15013: 14990: 14981: 14975: 14972: 14966: 14965: 14959: 14957: 14943: 14935: 14929: 14924: 14918: 14917: 14915: 14913: 14899: 14891: 14885: 14884: 14882: 14880: 14865: 14859: 14858: 14856: 14854: 14845:. 6 March 2021. 14835: 14829: 14828: 14826: 14824: 14818: 14801: 14791: 14782: 14781: 14779: 14777: 14768:. Archived from 14752: 14746: 14745: 14743: 14741: 14732:. Archived from 14716: 14710: 14709: 14707: 14705: 14700:on 10 March 2012 14696:. Archived from 14680: 14674: 14673: 14672: 14670: 14661:, 12 July 2018, 14645: 14644: 14639: 14633: 14632: 14631: 14629: 14603: 14597: 14596: 14594: 14592: 14583:. Archived from 14573: 14567: 14566: 14564: 14562: 14547: 14541: 14540: 14538: 14536: 14521: 14515: 14514: 14512: 14510: 14482: 14476: 14475: 14473: 14471: 14456: 14447: 14446: 14444: 14442: 14427: 14418: 14417: 14415: 14413: 14394: 14388: 14387: 14385: 14383: 14368: 14362: 14361: 14359: 14357: 14348:. Archived from 14332: 14326: 14325: 14323: 14321: 14302: 14296: 14290: 14284: 14283: 14281: 14279: 14273: 14266: 14258: 14252: 14251: 14249: 14247: 14241: 14235:(in Bulgarian). 14234: 14225: 14208: 14207: 14205: 14203: 14187: 14178: 14177: 14175: 14173: 14158: 14152: 14151: 14149: 14147: 14138:. Archived from 14122: 14116: 14115: 14113: 14111: 14092: 14086: 14085: 14083: 14081: 14061: 14055: 14049: 14043: 14042: 14040: 14038: 14023: 14017: 14016: 14014: 14012: 13997: 13991: 13990: 13988: 13986: 13971: 13965: 13964: 13962: 13960: 13941: 13935: 13934: 13932: 13930: 13924: 13917: 13909: 13903: 13897: 13886: 13885: 13883: 13881: 13866: 13860: 13859: 13857: 13855: 13840: 13834: 13833: 13808:(1–4): 675–679. 13797: 13791: 13790: 13788: 13786: 13771: 13765: 13764: 13762: 13760: 13728: 13722: 13721: 13719: 13717: 13689: 13683: 13682: 13680: 13678: 13646: 13640: 13639: 13637: 13635: 13607: 13598: 13597: 13561: 13555: 13554: 13552: 13550: 13531: 13525: 13524: 13522: 13520: 13492: 13481: 13480: 13478: 13476: 13461: 13455: 13454: 13452: 13450: 13432: 13426: 13425: 13413: 13407: 13406: 13404: 13402: 13386: 13380: 13379: 13377: 13375: 13360: 13354: 13353: 13351: 13349: 13335: 13327: 13321: 13296: 13290: 13274: 13268: 13267: 13259: 13253: 13252: 13246: 13242: 13240: 13232: 13230: 13228: 13192: 13186: 13185: 13183: 13181: 13162: 13156: 13155: 13153: 13151: 13132: 13126: 13125: 13123: 13121: 13102: 13093: 13087: 13081: 13080: 13078: 13076: 13060: 13054: 13053: 13051: 13049: 13032: 13026: 13025: 13023: 13021: 13001: 12995: 12994: 12992: 12990: 12971: 12965: 12964: 12962: 12960: 12945: 12939: 12938: 12936: 12934: 12915: 12909: 12908: 12906: 12904: 12888: 12882: 12881: 12879: 12877: 12857: 12851: 12850: 12848: 12846: 12831: 12825: 12824: 12822: 12820: 12805: 12799: 12798: 12796: 12794: 12789:on 28 March 2008 12779: 12773: 12772: 12770: 12768: 12762: 12751: 12743: 12737: 12736: 12734: 12732: 12726: 12719: 12711: 12705: 12699: 12693: 12692: 12690: 12688: 12673: 12667: 12666: 12664: 12662: 12657:on 16 March 2012 12643: 12634: 12633: 12631: 12629: 12610: 12604: 12603: 12601: 12599: 12584: 12578: 12577: 12575: 12573: 12564:. Archived from 12548: 12542: 12541: 12539: 12537: 12517: 12511: 12510: 12508: 12506: 12501:on 20 April 2019 12497:. Archived from 12481: 12475: 12474: 12472: 12470: 12461:. Archived from 12445: 12439: 12438: 12436: 12434: 12428: 12421: 12413: 12407: 12406: 12404: 12402: 12396: 12377: 12368: 12362: 12361: 12359: 12357: 12339: 12333: 12332: 12330: 12328: 12307: 12301: 12300: 12298: 12296: 12281: 12275: 12274: 12272: 12270: 12250: 12241: 12240: 12238: 12236: 12216: 12210: 12209: 12207: 12205: 12186: 12180: 12179: 12177: 12175: 12161: 12154: 12148: 12147: 12145: 12143: 12123: 12114: 12113: 12111: 12109: 12090: 12084: 12083: 12081: 12079: 12051: 12045: 12044: 12042: 12040: 12031:. 21 July 2010. 12021: 12015: 12014: 12012: 12010: 11991: 11985: 11984: 11982: 11980: 11963: 11957: 11956: 11954: 11952: 11936: 11930: 11929: 11927: 11925: 11910: 11904: 11903: 11901: 11899: 11884: 11878: 11877: 11875: 11873: 11856: 11850: 11849: 11847: 11845: 11839: 11832: 11828:"Shadow Economy" 11824: 11818: 11817: 11815: 11813: 11798: 11792: 11791: 11789: 11787: 11772: 11766: 11765: 11763: 11761: 11742: 11736: 11735: 11733: 11731: 11712: 11706: 11700: 11691: 11690: 11688: 11686: 11669: 11663: 11662: 11660: 11658: 11643: 11637: 11636: 11634: 11632: 11613: 11607: 11606: 11604: 11602: 11587: 11581: 11580: 11578: 11576: 11565:Business Insider 11557: 11551: 11550: 11548: 11546: 11537:. Archived from 11521: 11515: 11514: 11512: 11510: 11492: 11483: 11482: 11480: 11478: 11469:. Archived from 11453: 11447: 11446: 11444: 11442: 11436: 11425: 11416: 11407: 11406: 11399: 11393: 11392: 11387: 11385: 11354: 11348: 11347: 11345: 11343: 11334:. January 2007. 11324: 11315: 11314: 11308: 11306: 11286: 11280: 11279: 11277: 11275: 11256: 11250: 11249: 11247: 11245: 11230: 11224: 11223: 11221: 11219: 11200: 11194: 11193: 11191: 11189: 11169: 11163: 11162: 11160: 11158: 11153:on 8 August 2019 11152: 11145: 11137: 11131: 11130: 11128: 11126: 11110: 11104: 11103: 11101: 11099: 11093: 11086: 11078: 11072: 11071: 11042: 11036: 11035: 11033: 11031: 11016: 11010: 11009: 11007: 11005: 10990: 10984: 10983: 10981: 10973: 10967: 10966: 10964: 10962: 10943: 10937: 10936: 10934: 10932: 10917: 10911: 10905: 10899: 10893: 10887: 10886: 10881: 10879: 10867:The Conversation 10858: 10852: 10851: 10849: 10847: 10828: 10822: 10821: 10819: 10817: 10802: 10796: 10795: 10793: 10791: 10776: 10770: 10769: 10767: 10765: 10750: 10744: 10743: 10741: 10739: 10718: 10712: 10711: 10709: 10707: 10690: 10684: 10683: 10681: 10679: 10664: 10658: 10657: 10655: 10653: 10638: 10632: 10631: 10629: 10627: 10610: 10604: 10603: 10601: 10599: 10584: 10578: 10577: 10575: 10573: 10558: 10552: 10546: 10540: 10539: 10537: 10535: 10529: 10522: 10511: 10505: 10504: 10502: 10500: 10485: 10479: 10478: 10476: 10474: 10459: 10453: 10452: 10450: 10448: 10428: 10422: 10421: 10419: 10417: 10402: 10396: 10395: 10393: 10391: 10369: 10363: 10362: 10360: 10358: 10341: 10335: 10334: 10332: 10330: 10315: 10309: 10308: 10306: 10304: 10298: 10287: 10279: 10273: 10272: 10270: 10268: 10253: 10247: 10246: 10244: 10242: 10226: 10217: 10216: 10214: 10212: 10193: 10187: 10186: 10184: 10182: 10163: 10157: 10156: 10154: 10152: 10131: 10125: 10124: 10122: 10120: 10099: 10093: 10088:(18 July 2020). 10076: 10070: 10053: 10047: 10046: 10044: 10042: 10020: 10014: 10013: 10011: 10009: 9989: 9983: 9982: 9980: 9978: 9958: 9952: 9951: 9949: 9947: 9938:. 24 July 2014. 9928: 9922: 9921: 9919: 9917: 9901: 9895: 9894: 9892: 9890: 9876: 9868: 9862: 9861: 9859: 9857: 9838: 9832: 9831: 9829: 9827: 9807: 9801: 9800: 9798: 9796: 9780: 9774: 9773: 9771: 9769: 9760:. Archived from 9749: 9743: 9742: 9740: 9738: 9717: 9711: 9710: 9708: 9706: 9687: 9681: 9675: 9669: 9663: 9652: 9651: 9649: 9647: 9632: 9626: 9625: 9623: 9621: 9616:on 16 April 2014 9606: 9600: 9599: 9597: 9595: 9580: 9574: 9573: 9571: 9569: 9554: 9548: 9547: 9545: 9543: 9534:. 23 June 2010. 9524: 9518: 9517: 9515: 9513: 9494: 9488: 9487: 9485: 9483: 9477: 9472:. Archived from 9459: 9453: 9452: 9450: 9448: 9443:on 22 April 2020 9439:. Archived from 9425: 9419: 9418: 9416: 9414: 9395: 9389: 9388: 9386: 9384: 9379:on 22 March 2014 9369: 9363: 9362: 9360: 9358: 9353:on 30 April 2016 9343: 9337: 9336: 9334: 9332: 9317: 9311: 9310: 9308: 9306: 9300: 9293: 9284: 9278: 9277: 9275: 9273: 9253: 9247: 9241: 9235: 9234: 9232: 9230: 9224: 9213: 9205: 9196: 9195: 9193: 9191: 9172: 9166: 9165: 9163: 9161: 9145: 9139: 9133: 9127: 9126: 9124: 9122: 9116: 9109: 9098: 9092: 9091: 9089: 9087: 9082:on 27 April 2013 9072: 9063: 9062:, pp. 59–61 9057: 9051: 9045: 9039: 9033: 9027: 9026: 9024: 9022: 9016: 9005: 8997: 8991: 8985: 8979: 8973: 8967: 8962: 8960: 8958: 8938: 8929: 8923: 8906: 8905: 8903: 8901: 8886: 8880: 8879: 8877: 8875: 8853: 8844: 8843: 8841: 8839: 8824: 8815: 8814: 8812: 8810: 8805:on 10 March 2011 8804: 8797: 8789: 8783: 8777: 8764: 8763: 8761: 8759: 8750:(in Bulgarian). 8735: 8729: 8728: 8726: 8724: 8705: 8699: 8698: 8696: 8694: 8675: 8669: 8663: 8657: 8656: 8654: 8652: 8632: 8626: 8625: 8615: 8613: 8591: 8585: 8579: 8573: 8567: 8561: 8560: 8538: 8532: 8531: 8529: 8527: 8521: 8514: 8505: 8499: 8493: 8487: 8481: 8475: 8469: 8463: 8457: 8451: 8450: 8448: 8446: 8418: 8412: 8411: 8409: 8407: 8379: 8373: 8372: 8356: 8346: 8340: 8334: 8325: 8324: 8319: 8317: 8289: 8283: 8277: 8271: 8265: 8259: 8258: 8256: 8254: 8226: 8220: 8219: 8217: 8215: 8195: 8189: 8188: 8186: 8184: 8169: 8163: 8162: 8160: 8158: 8152: 8141: 8132: 8126: 8125: 8123: 8121: 8093: 8087: 8086: 8081: 8079: 8047: 8041: 8035: 8029: 8023: 8017: 8016: 8014: 8012: 7993: 7987: 7986: 7984: 7982: 7973:. 3 March 2017. 7963: 7957: 7956: 7933: 7927: 7921: 7912: 7911: 7909: 7907: 7888: 7882: 7881: 7879: 7877: 7868:. 3 March 2011. 7858: 7852: 7846: 7837: 7836: 7834: 7832: 7812: 7803: 7802: 7800: 7798: 7770: 7764: 7758: 7752: 7751: 7749: 7747: 7719: 7713: 7712: 7706: 7704: 7681: 7675: 7674: 7672: 7670: 7642: 7636: 7635: 7633: 7631: 7603: 7597: 7596: 7594: 7592: 7557: 7548: 7547: 7545: 7543: 7523: 7517: 7516: 7511: 7509: 7489: 7476: 7475: 7473: 7471: 7443: 7434: 7428: 7419: 7418: 7406: 7399:Bourchier, James 7395: 7382: 7381: 7379: 7377: 7357: 7344: 7343: 7319: 7310: 7309: 7293: 7283: 7274: 7268: 7262: 7261: 7243: 7237: 7236: 7234: 7232: 7213: 7207: 7206: 7182: 7176: 7170: 7164: 7163: 7158: 7156: 7136: 7125: 7119: 7110: 7109: 7107: 7105: 7085: 7079: 7078: 7076: 7074: 7055: 7049: 7048: 7046: 7044: 7016: 7010: 7009: 7007: 7005: 6977: 6971: 6970: 6968: 6966: 6931: 6925: 6924: 6922: 6920: 6892: 6886: 6885: 6863: 6857: 6856: 6838: 6832: 6826: 6820: 6819: 6817: 6815: 6810:on 26 March 2016 6809: 6803:. Archived from 6792: 6781: 6775: 6774: 6772: 6770: 6742: 6736: 6735: 6733: 6731: 6703: 6697: 6696: 6694: 6692: 6672: 6666: 6665: 6663: 6661: 6642: 6636: 6635: 6633: 6631: 6603: 6597: 6596: 6594: 6592: 6564: 6558: 6557: 6555: 6553: 6525: 6519: 6518: 6497: 6491: 6485: 6476: 6475: 6473: 6471: 6443: 6437: 6436: 6434: 6432: 6412: 6401: 6400: 6394: 6392: 6364: 6358: 6357: 6355: 6353: 6334: 6325: 6319: 6313: 6312: 6306: 6304: 6276: 6270: 6269: 6267: 6265: 6250: 6237: 6236: 6231: 6229: 6214: 6208: 6207: 6202: 6200: 6172: 6166: 6165: 6160: 6158: 6130: 6124: 6123: 6118: 6116: 6088: 6082: 6081: 6075: 6073: 6029: 6023: 6022: 6020: 6018: 5990: 5984: 5983: 5981: 5926: 5913: 5907: 5906: 5888: 5852: 5846: 5845: 5800: 5794: 5788: 5782: 5776: 5770: 5769: 5767: 5765: 5737: 5731: 5725: 5719: 5718: 5716: 5714: 5686: 5680: 5674: 5668: 5667: 5665: 5663: 5653: 5645: 5639: 5638: 5636: 5634: 5611: 5605: 5604: 5602: 5600: 5581: 5568: 5567: 5565: 5563: 5554:. Archived from 5538: 5532: 5531: 5509: 5503: 5502: 5500: 5489: 5480: 5471: 5470: 5468: 5466: 5451: 5434: 5427: 5415: 5412: 5406: 5404: 5399: 5395: 5389:romanized: 5388: 5386: 5381: 5375: 5374: 5364: 5362: 5354: 5353: 5352: 5351: 5344: 5341: 5340: 5337: 5334: 5329: 5328: 5325: 5322: 5319: 5316: 5313: 5310: 5307: 5298: 5276: 5271: 5270: 5269: 5218:Hristo Stoichkov 5182:is the reigning 5148:Charles Champaud 5036: 4990:Nicolai Ghiaurov 4955: 4952: 4862:was awarded the 4840:Nikola Vaptsarov 4816:Pencho Slaveykov 4794:National Revival 4776:. Its alphabet, 4563:drinking alcohol 4506:with guaranteed 4476:definite article 4439:Sofia University 3956: 3948: 3941: 3934: 3922: 3921: 3895:women's suffrage 3830: 3824: 3814: 3804: 3794: 3770:Saint Petersburg 3646:Cosmic radiation 3584:supercomputers. 3567:computer viruses 3438:Oriental tobacco 3406:machine building 3333:informal economy 3034:and joining the 3024:Security Council 2826: 2812: 2805:state where the 2722:listed as "Free" 2611: 2604: 2266:Balkan Mountains 2188:new constitution 2119:, leader of the 2102:Fatherland Front 1996:Treaty of Berlin 1980:a public holiday 1910:Bulgarian rebels 1841:first backed an 1835:Habsburg Austria 1763:Ottoman Bulgaria 1537:Simeon the Great 1521:Bulgarian church 1501:Battle of Pliska 1486:Byzantine Empire 1353:Odrysian kingdom 1321:Balkan Peninsula 1305:Varna Necropolis 1283: 1280: 1275:Karanovo culture 1241:Odrysian golden 1221:Odrysian kingdom 1205:Neolithic Europe 1005:Byzantine Empire 961:Karanovo culture 898:Southeast Europe 831: 807: 774: 773: 767: 766: 760: 749: 748: 742: 741: 735: 719: 718: 700: 699: 683: 667: 666: 648: 647: 631: 597: 596: 434:Dimitar Glavchev 236: 235: 233: 232: 231: 229: 224: 223: 218: 213: 210: 209: 208: 205: 190:and largest city 161: 151: 150: 112: 91: 90: 86: 70: 56: 43: 37: 28: 27: 21279: 21278: 21274: 21273: 21272: 21270: 21269: 21268: 21194: 21193: 21192: 21187: 21186: 21181: 21176: 21165: 21163: 21152: 21150: 21139: 21137: 21131: 21120: 21118: 21107: 21105: 21101:North Macedonia 21094: 21092: 21086: 21075: 21073: 21062: 21060: 21049: 21047: 21041: 21030: 21028: 21017: 21015: 21003: 20992: 20990: 20974: 20969: 20939: 20934: 20916: 20895: 20856:French language 20844: 20814: 20798: 20672: 20636: 20610: 20506:North Macedonia 20330: 20325: 20295: 20290: 20142: 20136: 20106: 20101: 20100: 20098:UK–EU relations 20094:CH–EU relations 20081: 19926: 19917: 19868: 19864:Members of the 19862: 19832: 19827: 19826: 19811: 19802: 19659: 19650: 19620: 19615: 19510:Soviet invasion 19470:Danish conquest 19460:Ancient Estonia 19161:Arsacid dynasty 19146:Orontid dynasty 19120: 19094: 18998: 18993: 18963: 18958: 18931: 18919:Oceanic islands 18899: 18892:subject to the 18859: 18854:Svalbard Treaty 18852:subject to the 18834: 18827:subject to the 18807: 18805: 18803: 18788: 18743: 18712: 18687: 18684: 18676: 18662:Northern Cyprus 18645: 18642: 18634: 18625: 18541:North Macedonia 18362: 18353: 18318: 18310: 18305: 18292: 18285: 18272: 18258:Public holidays 18192: 18134: 18103: 18060: 17956: 17902:Black Sea coast 17874: 17816: 17810: 17753: 17743: 17729: 17724: 17718: 17695: 17674: 17636: 17608: 17562: 17531: 17529: 17507: 17505: 17483: 17481: 17459: 17457: 17446:"Resource Base" 17435: 17433: 17411: 17409: 17387: 17385: 17363: 17361: 17354:The Zhivkov Era 17339: 17337: 17330:The Zhivkov Era 17315: 17313: 17306:The Zhivkov Era 17291: 17289: 17267: 17265: 17243: 17241: 17219: 17217: 17195: 17193: 17171: 17169: 17147: 17145: 17123: 17121: 17099: 17097: 17071: 17069: 17052: 17033: 17012: 16991: 16970: 16948: 16946: 16942: 16935: 16931: 16918: 16916: 16912: 16901: 16887: 16885: 16881: 16879:"Bulgaria 2018" 16868: 16866: 16862: 16855: 16852: 16839: 16837: 16834: 16826: 16821: 16820: 16810: 16808: 16803: 16802: 16798: 16788: 16786: 16776: 16772: 16762: 16760: 16751: 16750: 16746: 16736: 16734: 16725: 16724: 16720: 16710: 16708: 16703: 16702: 16698: 16688: 16686: 16676: 16672: 16662: 16660: 16655: 16654: 16650: 16636: 16634: 16624: 16613: 16603: 16601: 16596: 16595: 16591: 16581: 16579: 16570: 16569: 16565: 16555: 16553: 16544: 16543: 16539: 16529: 16527: 16514: 16513: 16509: 16498: 16494: 16481: 16480: 16476: 16466: 16464: 16454: 16450: 16443: 16427: 16420: 16410: 16408: 16398: 16394: 16384: 16382: 16374: 16373: 16366: 16358: 16354: 16344: 16342: 16333: 16332: 16328: 16318: 16316: 16304: 16300: 16290: 16288: 16276: 16272: 16262: 16260: 16257:The Independent 16248: 16244: 16234: 16232: 16229:The Independent 16220: 16216: 16206: 16204: 16189: 16188: 16184: 16174: 16172: 16171:on 23 June 2012 16161: 16157: 16147: 16127: 16123: 16113: 16111: 16106: 16105: 16101: 16084: 16080: 16058: 16054: 16035:"Elias Canetti" 16031: 16027: 16017: 16015: 16006: 16005: 16001: 15994: 15978: 15974: 15963: 15947: 15943: 15933: 15917: 15913: 15903: 15887: 15883: 15873: 15871: 15861: 15848: 15838: 15836: 15831: 15830: 15826: 15816: 15814: 15809: 15808: 15804: 15798:MacDermott 1998 15796: 15792: 15782: 15780: 15775: 15774: 15770: 15760: 15758: 15751: 15735: 15731: 15725:MacDermott 1998 15723: 15719: 15705: 15703: 15693: 15676: 15666: 15664: 15653: 15649: 15639: 15637: 15630:The Sofia Globe 15622: 15618: 15605: 15604: 15600: 15587: 15586: 15582: 15569: 15568: 15564: 15554: 15552: 15539: 15538: 15534: 15524: 15522: 15509: 15508: 15504: 15494: 15492: 15485: 15469: 15465: 15455: 15453: 15446: 15430: 15426: 15416: 15414: 15405: 15404: 15400: 15376: 15372: 15364: 15360: 15350: 15348: 15335: 15334: 15330: 15320: 15318: 15305: 15304: 15300: 15290: 15288: 15279: 15278: 15274: 15264: 15262: 15243: 15242: 15238: 15228: 15226: 15215: 15211: 15203: 15196: 15186: 15184: 15183:on 4 March 2016 15180: 15173: 15169: 15168: 15161: 15151: 15149: 15140: 15139: 15135: 15125: 15123: 15104: 15103: 15099: 15089: 15087: 15072: 15068: 15058: 15056: 15041: 15037: 15032: 15028: 15023: 15019: 15011: 14988: 14982: 14978: 14973: 14969: 14955: 14953: 14936: 14932: 14925: 14921: 14911: 14909: 14892: 14888: 14878: 14876: 14867: 14866: 14862: 14852: 14850: 14837: 14836: 14832: 14822: 14820: 14816: 14810: 14799: 14793: 14792: 14785: 14775: 14773: 14772:on 15 June 2013 14754: 14753: 14749: 14739: 14737: 14736:on 15 June 2013 14718: 14717: 14713: 14703: 14701: 14682: 14681: 14677: 14668: 14666: 14651: 14642: 14640: 14636: 14627: 14625: 14604: 14600: 14590: 14588: 14587:on 15 July 2020 14575: 14574: 14570: 14560: 14558: 14549: 14548: 14544: 14534: 14532: 14523: 14522: 14518: 14508: 14506: 14499: 14483: 14479: 14469: 14467: 14458: 14457: 14450: 14440: 14438: 14429: 14428: 14421: 14411: 14409: 14396: 14395: 14391: 14381: 14379: 14370: 14369: 14365: 14355: 14353: 14334: 14333: 14329: 14319: 14317: 14304: 14303: 14299: 14291: 14287: 14277: 14275: 14271: 14264: 14260: 14259: 14255: 14245: 14243: 14239: 14232: 14226: 14211: 14201: 14199: 14188: 14181: 14171: 14169: 14160: 14159: 14155: 14145: 14143: 14124: 14123: 14119: 14109: 14107: 14094: 14093: 14089: 14079: 14077: 14062: 14058: 14050: 14046: 14036: 14034: 14025: 14024: 14020: 14010: 14008: 13999: 13998: 13994: 13984: 13982: 13973: 13972: 13968: 13958: 13956: 13943: 13942: 13938: 13928: 13926: 13922: 13915: 13911: 13910: 13906: 13898: 13889: 13879: 13877: 13868: 13867: 13863: 13853: 13851: 13842: 13841: 13837: 13798: 13794: 13784: 13782: 13773: 13772: 13768: 13758: 13756: 13743:(25): 485–496. 13729: 13725: 13715: 13713: 13706: 13690: 13686: 13676: 13674: 13667: 13647: 13643: 13633: 13631: 13624: 13608: 13601: 13562: 13558: 13548: 13546: 13533: 13532: 13528: 13518: 13516: 13509: 13493: 13484: 13474: 13472: 13463: 13462: 13458: 13448: 13446: 13439: 13433: 13429: 13414: 13410: 13400: 13398: 13387: 13383: 13373: 13371: 13362: 13361: 13357: 13347: 13345: 13328: 13324: 13307:Wayback Machine 13297: 13293: 13284:Wayback Machine 13275: 13271: 13260: 13256: 13244: 13243: 13234: 13233: 13226: 13224: 13217: 13193: 13189: 13179: 13177: 13164: 13163: 13159: 13149: 13147: 13134: 13133: 13129: 13119: 13117: 13104: 13103: 13096: 13088: 13084: 13074: 13072: 13061: 13057: 13047: 13045: 13038: 13034: 13033: 13029: 13019: 13017: 13002: 12998: 12988: 12986: 12973: 12972: 12968: 12958: 12956: 12947: 12946: 12942: 12932: 12930: 12917: 12916: 12912: 12902: 12900: 12889: 12885: 12875: 12873: 12858: 12854: 12844: 12842: 12833: 12832: 12828: 12818: 12816: 12807: 12806: 12802: 12792: 12790: 12781: 12780: 12776: 12766: 12764: 12760: 12749: 12745: 12744: 12740: 12730: 12728: 12724: 12717: 12713: 12712: 12708: 12700: 12696: 12686: 12684: 12675: 12674: 12670: 12660: 12658: 12645: 12644: 12637: 12627: 12625: 12612: 12611: 12607: 12597: 12595: 12586: 12585: 12581: 12571: 12569: 12550: 12549: 12545: 12535: 12533: 12518: 12514: 12504: 12502: 12483: 12482: 12478: 12468: 12466: 12465:on 7 March 2020 12447: 12446: 12442: 12432: 12430: 12426: 12419: 12415: 12414: 12410: 12400: 12398: 12394: 12375: 12369: 12365: 12355: 12353: 12346: 12340: 12336: 12326: 12324: 12313: 12309: 12308: 12304: 12294: 12292: 12283: 12282: 12278: 12268: 12266: 12251: 12244: 12234: 12232: 12217: 12213: 12203: 12201: 12188: 12187: 12183: 12173: 12171: 12156: 12155: 12151: 12141: 12139: 12124: 12117: 12107: 12105: 12092: 12091: 12087: 12077: 12075: 12068: 12052: 12048: 12038: 12036: 12023: 12022: 12018: 12008: 12006: 11993: 11992: 11988: 11978: 11976: 11969: 11965: 11964: 11960: 11950: 11948: 11937: 11933: 11923: 11921: 11912: 11911: 11907: 11897: 11895: 11886: 11885: 11881: 11871: 11869: 11862: 11858: 11857: 11853: 11843: 11841: 11837: 11830: 11826: 11825: 11821: 11811: 11809: 11800: 11799: 11795: 11785: 11783: 11774: 11773: 11769: 11759: 11757: 11744: 11743: 11739: 11729: 11727: 11714: 11713: 11709: 11701: 11694: 11684: 11682: 11675: 11671: 11670: 11666: 11656: 11654: 11645: 11644: 11640: 11630: 11628: 11615: 11614: 11610: 11600: 11598: 11589: 11588: 11584: 11574: 11572: 11559: 11558: 11554: 11544: 11542: 11541:on 16 July 2018 11523: 11522: 11518: 11508: 11506: 11499: 11493: 11486: 11476: 11474: 11455: 11454: 11450: 11440: 11438: 11434: 11430:(3/2009): 137. 11423: 11417: 11410: 11401: 11400: 11396: 11383: 11381: 11374: 11356: 11355: 11351: 11341: 11339: 11326: 11325: 11318: 11304: 11302: 11287: 11283: 11273: 11271: 11270:on 10 July 2011 11258: 11257: 11253: 11243: 11241: 11232: 11231: 11227: 11217: 11215: 11208:Свободна Европа 11202: 11201: 11197: 11187: 11185: 11170: 11166: 11156: 11154: 11150: 11143: 11139: 11138: 11134: 11124: 11122: 11111: 11107: 11097: 11095: 11094:on 28 June 2012 11091: 11084: 11080: 11079: 11075: 11068: 11043: 11039: 11029: 11027: 11018: 11017: 11013: 11003: 11001: 10992: 10991: 10987: 10979: 10975: 10974: 10970: 10960: 10958: 10945: 10944: 10940: 10930: 10928: 10919: 10918: 10914: 10906: 10902: 10894: 10890: 10877: 10875: 10860: 10859: 10855: 10845: 10843: 10830: 10829: 10825: 10815: 10813: 10812:on 26 July 2013 10804: 10803: 10799: 10789: 10787: 10778: 10777: 10773: 10763: 10761: 10752: 10751: 10747: 10737: 10735: 10724: 10720: 10719: 10715: 10705: 10703: 10696: 10692: 10691: 10687: 10677: 10675: 10666: 10665: 10661: 10651: 10649: 10648:on 19 June 2012 10640: 10639: 10635: 10625: 10623: 10616: 10612: 10611: 10607: 10597: 10595: 10586: 10585: 10581: 10571: 10569: 10560: 10559: 10555: 10547: 10543: 10533: 10531: 10530:on 10 July 2018 10527: 10520: 10517: 10513: 10512: 10508: 10498: 10496: 10487: 10486: 10482: 10472: 10470: 10461: 10460: 10456: 10446: 10444: 10429: 10425: 10415: 10413: 10404: 10403: 10399: 10389: 10387: 10370: 10366: 10356: 10354: 10347: 10343: 10342: 10338: 10328: 10326: 10317: 10316: 10312: 10302: 10300: 10296: 10285: 10281: 10280: 10276: 10266: 10264: 10255: 10254: 10250: 10240: 10238: 10237:on 24 July 2018 10227: 10220: 10210: 10208: 10203:. 6 June 2023. 10195: 10194: 10190: 10180: 10178: 10165: 10164: 10160: 10150: 10148: 10133: 10132: 10128: 10118: 10116: 10101: 10100: 10096: 10086:Wayback Machine 10077: 10073: 10064:Wayback Machine 10054: 10050: 10040: 10038: 10021: 10017: 10007: 10005: 9990: 9986: 9976: 9974: 9959: 9955: 9945: 9943: 9930: 9929: 9925: 9915: 9913: 9902: 9898: 9888: 9886: 9869: 9865: 9855: 9853: 9848:. 25 May 2013. 9840: 9839: 9835: 9825: 9823: 9808: 9804: 9794: 9792: 9781: 9777: 9767: 9765: 9764:on 8 March 2013 9750: 9746: 9736: 9734: 9733:on 26 July 2013 9719: 9718: 9714: 9704: 9702: 9689: 9688: 9684: 9676: 9672: 9664: 9655: 9645: 9643: 9634: 9633: 9629: 9619: 9617: 9608: 9607: 9603: 9593: 9591: 9582: 9581: 9577: 9567: 9565: 9556: 9555: 9551: 9541: 9539: 9526: 9525: 9521: 9511: 9509: 9496: 9495: 9491: 9481: 9479: 9460: 9456: 9446: 9444: 9437:Yale University 9427: 9426: 9422: 9412: 9410: 9397: 9396: 9392: 9382: 9380: 9371: 9370: 9366: 9356: 9354: 9345: 9344: 9340: 9330: 9328: 9319: 9318: 9314: 9304: 9302: 9298: 9291: 9285: 9281: 9271: 9269: 9254: 9250: 9242: 9238: 9228: 9226: 9222: 9211: 9207: 9206: 9199: 9189: 9187: 9174: 9173: 9169: 9159: 9157: 9146: 9142: 9134: 9130: 9120: 9118: 9114: 9107: 9104: 9100: 9099: 9095: 9085: 9083: 9074: 9073: 9066: 9058: 9054: 9046: 9042: 9034: 9030: 9020: 9018: 9014: 9003: 8999: 8998: 8994: 8990:, pp. 2–3. 8986: 8982: 8974: 8970: 8956: 8954: 8940: 8939: 8932: 8924: 8909: 8899: 8897: 8888: 8887: 8883: 8873: 8871: 8863:The Independent 8854: 8847: 8837: 8835: 8826: 8825: 8818: 8808: 8806: 8802: 8795: 8791: 8790: 8786: 8778: 8767: 8757: 8755: 8742: 8736: 8732: 8722: 8720: 8707: 8706: 8702: 8692: 8690: 8685:. 5 July 2010. 8677: 8676: 8672: 8664: 8660: 8650: 8648: 8633: 8629: 8611: 8609: 8592: 8588: 8580: 8576: 8568: 8564: 8557: 8539: 8535: 8525: 8523: 8519: 8512: 8506: 8502: 8494: 8490: 8482: 8478: 8470: 8466: 8458: 8454: 8444: 8442: 8435: 8419: 8415: 8405: 8403: 8396: 8380: 8376: 8369: 8347: 8343: 8335: 8328: 8315: 8313: 8306: 8290: 8286: 8278: 8274: 8266: 8262: 8252: 8250: 8243: 8227: 8223: 8213: 8211: 8196: 8192: 8182: 8180: 8171: 8170: 8166: 8156: 8154: 8153:on 22 June 2012 8150: 8139: 8133: 8129: 8119: 8117: 8110: 8094: 8090: 8077: 8075: 8068: 8048: 8044: 8036: 8032: 8024: 8020: 8010: 8008: 7995: 7994: 7990: 7980: 7978: 7965: 7964: 7960: 7950: 7934: 7930: 7922: 7915: 7905: 7903: 7890: 7889: 7885: 7875: 7873: 7860: 7859: 7855: 7847: 7840: 7830: 7828: 7813: 7806: 7796: 7794: 7787: 7771: 7767: 7759: 7755: 7745: 7743: 7736: 7720: 7716: 7702: 7700: 7698: 7682: 7678: 7668: 7666: 7659: 7643: 7639: 7629: 7627: 7620: 7604: 7600: 7590: 7588: 7581: 7558: 7551: 7541: 7539: 7524: 7520: 7507: 7505: 7490: 7479: 7469: 7467: 7460: 7444: 7437: 7429: 7422: 7396: 7385: 7375: 7373: 7358: 7347: 7340: 7320: 7313: 7306: 7284: 7277: 7269: 7265: 7258: 7244: 7240: 7230: 7228: 7215: 7214: 7210: 7203: 7183: 7179: 7171: 7167: 7154: 7152: 7137: 7128: 7120: 7113: 7103: 7101: 7086: 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5687: 5683: 5675: 5671: 5661: 5659: 5658:. 13 March 2024 5651: 5647: 5646: 5642: 5632: 5630: 5613: 5612: 5608: 5598: 5596: 5583: 5582: 5571: 5561: 5559: 5540: 5539: 5535: 5528: 5515: 5510: 5506: 5498: 5487: 5482: 5481: 5474: 5464: 5462: 5453: 5452: 5448: 5443: 5438: 5437: 5428: 5424: 5419: 5418: 5413: 5409: 5397: 5382: 5378: 5347: 5346: 5331: 5304: 5300: 5299: 5295: 5290: 5274:Bulgaria portal 5272: 5267: 5265: 5262: 5196:Grigor Dimitrov 5130:Grigor Dimitrov 5123: 5117: 5045:Bulgarian media 4982:Boris Christoff 4978:Ghena Dimitrova 4958:Emanuil Manolov 4953: 4903:Tsanko Lavrenov 4856:Tzvetan Todorov 4619: 4613: 4555:Islamic funeral 4490: 4484: 4453: 4447: 4398: 4392: 4384:life expectancy 4359: 4353: 4348: 3961: 3960: 3957: 3954: 3952: 3927: 3919: 3887:gender equality 3835: 3834: 3833: 3832: 3828: 3826: 3822: 3820: 3812: 3810: 3807:Bulgarian Turks 3802: 3800: 3792: 3784: 3778: 3711:Trakia motorway 3704: 3696:Main articles: 3694: 3504: 3498: 3398: 3279:government debt 3271:Value added tax 3258:balanced budget 3218: 3212: 3118: 3112: 3082:air bases, the 3002: 2996: 2987: 2979: 2928: 2877: 2781: 2773:Main articles: 2771: 2740:Bulgaria has a 2738: 2726:Democracy Index 2676:United Patriots 2620: 2619: 2618: 2617: 2616: 2610: 2605: 2525: 2519: 2510:Maritsa Iztok-2 2404: 2352: 2297:Black Sea coast 2227: 2221: 2152:planned economy 2144:Georgi Dimitrov 2117:Georgi Dimitrov 2015:Eastern Rumelia 1940: 1928:Main articles: 1926: 1765: 1759: 1614: 1608: 1533:Slavic language 1442: 1436: 1301:gold metallurgy 1282: 6,500 BC 1281: 1235: 1217:Iron Age Europe 1193: 1188: 1182: 1136: 1101:is part of the 1093:Bulgaria has a 1065:Communist Party 1061:socialist state 1017:Cyrillic script 926:North Macedonia 883: 826: 823: 802: 771: 770: 769: 758: 746: 745: 744: 733: 712: 693: 681: 660: 641: 625: 609: 598:6,385,500 ( 590: 573: 559: 538: 528: 511: 498: 485: 445: 430: 415: 400: 374: 356: 353:9.5% unanswered 332: 303: 295: 268: 252:Official script 227: 225: 221: 219: 215: 214: 211: 206: 203: 201: 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17540: 17539: 17538: 17514: 17490: 17466: 17442: 17418: 17394: 17370: 17346: 17322: 17298: 17274: 17254:"After Stalin" 17250: 17226: 17202: 17178: 17154: 17130: 17106: 17056: 17050: 17037: 17031: 17016: 17010: 16995: 16989: 16974: 16968: 16955: 16929: 16894: 16875: 16846: 16827: 16825: 16822: 16819: 16818: 16796: 16770: 16759:. 1 April 2007 16744: 16718: 16707:. FC Barcelona 16696: 16684:ATP World Tour 16670: 16648: 16626:Bell, John D. 16611: 16589: 16563: 16537: 16526:on 12 May 2017 16507: 16492: 16474: 16448: 16441: 16418: 16392: 16364: 16352: 16341:. 13 July 2015 16326: 16298: 16270: 16242: 16214: 16182: 16155: 16145: 16121: 16099: 16078: 16052: 16025: 16014:. 18 June 2008 15999: 15992: 15972: 15961: 15941: 15931: 15911: 15901: 15881: 15846: 15824: 15802: 15800:, p. 226. 15790: 15768: 15749: 15729: 15717: 15695:Bell, John D. 15674: 15647: 15616: 15598: 15580: 15562: 15532: 15502: 15483: 15463: 15444: 15424: 15398: 15370: 15358: 15328: 15298: 15272: 15236: 15209: 15194: 15159: 15133: 15097: 15066: 15035: 15026: 15017: 14999:(1): xvi, 12. 14976: 14967: 14930: 14919: 14886: 14860: 14843:Yahoo! Finance 14830: 14808: 14783: 14747: 14711: 14675: 14634: 14598: 14568: 14542: 14516: 14497: 14477: 14448: 14419: 14389: 14363: 14327: 14310:Deutsche Welle 14297: 14285: 14253: 14209: 14179: 14168:on 12 May 2022 14153: 14117: 14087: 14056: 14044: 14018: 13992: 13966: 13936: 13904: 13887: 13861: 13835: 13792: 13766: 13723: 13704: 13684: 13665: 13641: 13622: 13599: 13572:(1–8): 11–23. 13556: 13526: 13507: 13482: 13456: 13427: 13408: 13381: 13355: 13322: 13291: 13269: 13254: 13245:|website= 13215: 13187: 13157: 13127: 13094: 13082: 13055: 13027: 13004:Bell, John D. 12996: 12966: 12940: 12910: 12883: 12860:Bell, John D. 12852: 12826: 12800: 12774: 12738: 12706: 12694: 12668: 12651:The Sofia Echo 12635: 12605: 12579: 12543: 12520:Bell, John D. 12512: 12476: 12440: 12408: 12382:(3/2015): 35. 12363: 12334: 12302: 12276: 12242: 12211: 12181: 12149: 12115: 12085: 12066: 12046: 12016: 11986: 11958: 11931: 11905: 11879: 11851: 11819: 11793: 11767: 11737: 11707: 11692: 11664: 11638: 11608: 11582: 11552: 11516: 11484: 11473:on 6 July 2018 11448: 11408: 11394: 11372: 11349: 11316: 11289:Bell, John D. 11281: 11251: 11225: 11195: 11164: 11132: 11105: 11073: 11066: 11060:. p. 89. 11037: 11011: 10985: 10968: 10938: 10912: 10900: 10888: 10853: 10823: 10797: 10771: 10745: 10713: 10685: 10659: 10633: 10605: 10594:on 4 June 2012 10579: 10553: 10541: 10506: 10480: 10454: 10423: 10397: 10364: 10336: 10310: 10274: 10248: 10218: 10188: 10158: 10126: 10108:Deutsche Welle 10094: 10071: 10048: 10015: 9984: 9953: 9923: 9896: 9863: 9833: 9802: 9787:. Al Jazeera. 9775: 9744: 9712: 9682: 9670: 9653: 9627: 9601: 9575: 9549: 9519: 9489: 9454: 9420: 9390: 9364: 9338: 9312: 9279: 9256:Bell, John D. 9248: 9236: 9197: 9167: 9140: 9128: 9093: 9064: 9052: 9040: 9028: 8992: 8980: 8968: 8930: 8907: 8881: 8845: 8816: 8784: 8765: 8730: 8700: 8670: 8658: 8627: 8586: 8574: 8562: 8556:978-9542803072 8555: 8533: 8522:on 30 May 2013 8500: 8488: 8476: 8464: 8462:, p. 271. 8452: 8433: 8413: 8394: 8374: 8367: 8341: 8326: 8304: 8284: 8280:Wartime Crisis 8272: 8260: 8241: 8221: 8190: 8164: 8127: 8108: 8088: 8066: 8042: 8040:, p. 174. 8030: 8018: 8003:. 6 May 2010. 7988: 7971:Radio Bulgaria 7958: 7948: 7928: 7913: 7883: 7853: 7838: 7815:Bell, John D. 7804: 7786:978-8884924643 7785: 7765: 7753: 7734: 7714: 7696: 7676: 7658:978-9052013749 7657: 7637: 7619:978-9004135765 7618: 7598: 7579: 7549: 7518: 7492:Bell, John D. 7477: 7458: 7435: 7420: 7409:Chisholm, Hugh 7383: 7360:Bell, John D. 7345: 7338: 7311: 7304: 7290:The Byzantines 7275: 7263: 7256: 7238: 7208: 7201: 7177: 7165: 7139:Bell, John D. 7126: 7111: 7088:Bell, John D. 7080: 7050: 7031: 7011: 6992: 6972: 6954:978-9544302986 6953: 6926: 6907: 6887: 6876: 6858: 6851: 6833: 6821: 6799: 6776: 6757: 6737: 6718: 6698: 6675:Bell, John D. 6667: 6637: 6618: 6598: 6579: 6559: 6540: 6520: 6510: 6492: 6477: 6458: 6438: 6402: 6379: 6359: 6326: 6314: 6291: 6271: 6238: 6209: 6187: 6167: 6145: 6125: 6103: 6083: 6046:British Museum 6024: 6005: 5985: 5908: 5863:(6): 794–801. 5847: 5812:(111): 54–62. 5795: 5783: 5781:, p. 104. 5771: 5753:978-9004254466 5752: 5732: 5720: 5701: 5681: 5669: 5640: 5606: 5569: 5533: 5526: 5504: 5472: 5445: 5444: 5442: 5439: 5436: 5435: 5421: 5420: 5417: 5416: 5407: 5376: 5292: 5291: 5289: 5286: 5285: 5284: 5278: 5277: 5261: 5258: 5232:in the 1990s. 5170:, gymnastics, 5160:Ivan Abadzhiev 5156:Weight-lifting 5119:Main article: 5116: 5113: 5101:Bulgarian wine 5097:Cherven Misket 4986:Ljuba Welitsch 4731:Rila Monastery 4646:Rila Monastery 4615:Main article: 4612: 4609: 4524:Constantinople 4502:Bulgaria is a 4486:Main article: 4483: 4480: 4449:Main article: 4446: 4443: 4410:were once high 4394:Main article: 4391: 4388: 4355:Main article: 4352: 4349: 4345: 4344: 4341: 4336: 4331: 4328: 4325: 4320: 4315: 4311: 4310: 4307: 4302: 4297: 4294: 4291: 4286: 4281: 4277: 4276: 4273: 4268: 4263: 4260: 4257: 4252: 4247: 4243: 4242: 4239: 4234: 4229: 4226: 4223: 4218: 4213: 4209: 4208: 4205: 4200: 4195: 4192: 4189: 4184: 4179: 4175: 4174: 4171: 4169:Veliko Tarnovo 4166: 4164:Veliko Tarnovo 4161: 4158: 4155: 4150: 4145: 4141: 4140: 4137: 4132: 4127: 4124: 4121: 4116: 4111: 4107: 4106: 4103: 4098: 4093: 4090: 4087: 4082: 4077: 4073: 4072: 4069: 4064: 4059: 4056: 4053: 4048: 4043: 4039: 4038: 4035: 4030: 4025: 4022: 4019: 4014: 4009: 4005: 4004: 3999: 3994: 3989: 3984: 3979: 3974: 3969: 3963: 3962: 3958: 3953: 3951: 3950: 3943: 3936: 3928: 3925: 3920: 3918: 3917:Largest cities 3915: 3850:(202,434) and 3827: 3821: 3811: 3801: 3791: 3787: 3786: 3785: 3780:Main article: 3777: 3774: 3693: 3692:Infrastructure 3690: 3593:two cosmonauts 3573:: it operates 3559:Silicon Valley 3500:Main article: 3497: 3494: 3462:Veliko Tarnovo 3397: 3394: 3324:Sofia Province 3250:planned system 3234:market economy 3214:Main article: 3211: 3208: 3191:vehicles, new 3161:Mikoyan MiG-29 3114:Main article: 3111: 3108: 3080:Graf Ignatievo 3020:United Nations 3009:Mikoyan MiG-29 2998:Main article: 2995: 2992: 2989: 2988: 2984: 2983: 2978: 2977: 2972: 2967: 2962: 2960:Veliko Tarnovo 2957: 2952: 2947: 2942: 2940:Sofia Province 2937: 2931: 2929: 2927: 2926: 2921: 2916: 2911: 2906: 2901: 2896: 2891: 2886: 2880: 2878: 2876: 2875: 2870: 2865: 2860: 2855: 2850: 2845: 2840: 2835: 2829: 2824: 2822: 2799:municipalities 2783:Bulgaria is a 2770: 2767: 2737: 2734: 2711:Mariya Gabriel 2706:Nikolai Denkov 2606: 2599: 2598: 2597: 2596: 2595: 2548:prime minister 2542:Bulgaria is a 2521:Main article: 2518: 2515: 2487:Kyoto Protocol 2439:vascular plant 2403: 2400: 2396:Danubian Plain 2351: 2348: 2270:Thracian Plain 2262:Danubian Plain 2223:Main article: 2220: 2217: 2201:European Union 2133:the executions 2067:Tsar Boris III 2035:Central Powers 1960:Ottoman Empire 1925: 1922: 1918:Constantinople 1898:Russian Empire 1859:Russian Empire 1761:Main article: 1758: 1755: 1670:major uprising 1626:Veliko Tarnovo 1610:Main article: 1607: 1604: 1438:Main article: 1435: 1432: 1192: 1189: 1184:Main article: 1181: 1178: 1174:Five Barbarian 1135: 1132: 1108:European Union 1099:market economy 920:to the south, 885: 884: 882: 881: 876: 870: 868: 862: 861: 856: 850: 849: 844: 838: 837: 824: 817: 814: 813: 800: 796: 795: 785: 781: 780: 761: 751: 750: 736: 726: 725: 720:$ 16,086 ( 713: 710: 707: 706: 694: 691: 688: 687: 684: 674: 673: 668:$ 33,780 ( 661: 658: 655: 654: 642: 639: 636: 635: 632: 618: 617: 610: 608:• Density 607: 604: 603: 591: 588: 585: 584: 578: 577: 574: 571: 568: 567: 560: 557: 554: 553: 547: 546: 543: 542: 539: 536: 533: 532: 531:5 October 1908 529: 526:Ottoman Empire 519: 516: 515: 512: 506: 503: 502: 499: 493: 490: 489: 486: 480: 477: 476: 473: 472: 466: 465: 460: 456: 455: 452: 451: 446: 440: 437: 436: 431: 428:Prime Minister 425: 422: 421: 416: 413:Vice President 410: 407: 406: 401: 395: 392: 391: 388: 387: 382: 376: 375: 373: 372: 366: 364: 358: 357: 355: 354: 351: 345: 339: 333: 331: 330: 329: 328: 322: 309: 306: 304: 301: 297: 296: 294: 293: 290: 284: 278: 271: 269: 266: 260: 259: 254: 248: 247: 242: 238: 237: 192: 189: 185: 184: 174:European Union 172:– in the 163: 162: 154: 153: 122: 103: 102: 80: 79: 72: 65: 64: 58: 51: 50: 49: 46: 45: 34: 31: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 21276: 21265: 21262: 21260: 21257: 21255: 21252: 21250: 21247: 21245: 21242: 21240: 21237: 21235: 21232: 21230: 21227: 21225: 21222: 21220: 21217: 21215: 21212: 21210: 21207: 21205: 21202: 21201: 21199: 21173: 21162: 21160: 21149: 21147: 21136: 21135: 21133: 21128: 21117: 21115: 21104: 21102: 21091: 21090: 21088: 21083: 21072: 21070: 21059: 21057: 21046: 21045: 21043: 21038: 21027: 21025: 21014: 21012: 21007: 21002: 21000: 20989: 20988: 20986: 20983: 20982: 20977: 20973: 20966: 20961: 20959: 20954: 20952: 20947: 20946: 20943: 20931: 20923: 20922: 20919: 20913: 20910: 20908: 20905: 20904: 20902: 20898: 20892: 20889: 20887: 20884: 20882: 20879: 20877: 20874: 20872: 20869: 20867: 20864: 20862: 20859: 20857: 20854: 20853: 20851: 20847: 20841: 20838: 20836: 20833: 20831: 20828: 20827: 20825: 20821: 20811: 20808: 20807: 20805: 20801: 20795: 20792: 20790: 20787: 20785: 20782: 20780: 20777: 20775: 20772: 20770: 20767: 20765: 20762: 20760: 20757: 20755: 20752: 20750: 20747: 20745: 20742: 20740: 20737: 20735: 20732: 20730: 20727: 20725: 20722: 20720: 20717: 20715: 20712: 20710: 20707: 20705: 20702: 20700: 20697: 20695: 20692: 20690: 20687: 20685: 20682: 20681: 20679: 20675: 20669: 20666: 20664: 20661: 20659: 20656: 20654: 20651: 20649: 20646: 20645: 20643: 20639: 20633: 20630: 20628: 20627:New Brunswick 20625: 20623: 20620: 20619: 20617: 20613: 20607: 20604: 20602: 20599: 20597: 20594: 20592: 20589: 20587: 20584: 20582: 20579: 20577: 20574: 20572: 20569: 20567: 20564: 20562: 20559: 20557: 20554: 20552: 20549: 20547: 20544: 20542: 20539: 20537: 20534: 20532: 20529: 20527: 20524: 20522: 20519: 20517: 20514: 20512: 20509: 20507: 20504: 20502: 20499: 20497: 20494: 20492: 20489: 20487: 20484: 20482: 20479: 20477: 20476:Guinea-Bissau 20474: 20472: 20469: 20467: 20464: 20462: 20459: 20457: 20454: 20452: 20449: 20447: 20444: 20442: 20439: 20437: 20434: 20432: 20429: 20427: 20424: 20422: 20419: 20417: 20414: 20412: 20409: 20407: 20404: 20402: 20399: 20397: 20394: 20392: 20389: 20387: 20384: 20382: 20379: 20377: 20374: 20372: 20369: 20367: 20364: 20362: 20359: 20357: 20354: 20352: 20349: 20348: 20346: 20342: 20339: 20337: 20333: 20329: 20322: 20317: 20315: 20310: 20308: 20303: 20302: 20299: 20287: 20284: 20282: 20281:United States 20279: 20277: 20274: 20272: 20269: 20267: 20264: 20262: 20259: 20257: 20254: 20252: 20249: 20247: 20244: 20242: 20239: 20237: 20234: 20232: 20229: 20227: 20224: 20222: 20219: 20217: 20214: 20212: 20209: 20207: 20204: 20202: 20199: 20197: 20194: 20192: 20189: 20187: 20184: 20182: 20179: 20177: 20174: 20172: 20169: 20167: 20164: 20162: 20159: 20157: 20154: 20152: 20149: 20148: 20145: 20141: 20133: 20128: 20126: 20121: 20119: 20114: 20113: 20110: 20099: 20095: 20091: 20090:UK membership 20084: 20078: 20075: 20073: 20070: 20068: 20065: 20063: 20060: 20058: 20055: 20053: 20050: 20048: 20045: 20043: 20040: 20038: 20035: 20033: 20030: 20028: 20025: 20023: 20020: 20018: 20015: 20013: 20010: 20008: 20005: 20003: 20000: 19998: 19995: 19993: 19990: 19988: 19985: 19983: 19980: 19978: 19975: 19973: 19970: 19968: 19965: 19961: 19956: 19953: 19951: 19948: 19946: 19943: 19941: 19938: 19937: 19935: 19933: 19929: 19924: 19912: 19907: 19904: 19900: 19895: 19894:Liechtenstein 19892: 19888: 19883: 19880: 19879: 19877: 19875: 19871: 19867: 19859: 19854: 19852: 19847: 19845: 19840: 19839: 19836: 19825: 19821: 19814: 19809: 19799: 19796: 19794: 19791: 19789: 19786: 19784: 19781: 19779: 19776: 19774: 19771: 19769: 19766: 19764: 19761: 19759: 19756: 19754: 19751: 19749: 19746: 19744: 19741: 19739: 19736: 19734: 19731: 19729: 19726: 19724: 19721: 19719: 19716: 19714: 19711: 19709: 19706: 19704: 19701: 19699: 19696: 19694: 19691: 19689: 19686: 19684: 19681: 19679: 19676: 19674: 19671: 19669: 19666: 19665: 19662: 19658: 19654: 19653:Member states 19647: 19642: 19640: 19635: 19633: 19628: 19627: 19624: 19612: 19609: 19607: 19604: 19602: 19599: 19597: 19594: 19592: 19589: 19587: 19584: 19582: 19579: 19577: 19574: 19572: 19569: 19567: 19564: 19562: 19559: 19557: 19554: 19552: 19549: 19547: 19544: 19541: 19538: 19535: 19532: 19530: 19526: 19523: 19521: 19518: 19516: 19513: 19511: 19508: 19506: 19503: 19501: 19498: 19496: 19493: 19491: 19488: 19486: 19483: 19481: 19478: 19476: 19475:Terra Mariana 19473: 19471: 19468: 19466: 19463: 19461: 19457: 19454: 19451: 19448: 19446: 19443: 19441: 19438: 19436: 19433: 19431: 19428: 19426: 19422: 19419: 19417: 19414: 19412: 19409: 19407: 19404: 19401: 19397: 19394: 19392: 19389: 19387: 19386:Great Moravia 19383: 19380: 19378: 19375: 19372: 19369: 19367: 19364: 19361: 19358: 19356: 19352: 19349: 19347: 19344: 19342: 19339: 19337: 19334: 19332: 19329: 19327: 19324: 19322: 19319: 19317: 19313: 19310: 19307: 19304: 19302: 19299: 19297: 19294: 19292: 19289: 19287: 19286:Russification 19283: 19280: 19278: 19275: 19272: 19269: 19267: 19264: 19262: 19259: 19257: 19254: 19252: 19248: 19245: 19242: 19239: 19237: 19234: 19232: 19229: 19227: 19224: 19222: 19219: 19217: 19214: 19212: 19209: 19207: 19204: 19202: 19199: 19197: 19194: 19192: 19189: 19187: 19184: 19182: 19179: 19177: 19174: 19172: 19169: 19167: 19164: 19162: 19159: 19157: 19156:Roman Armenia 19154: 19152: 19149: 19147: 19144: 19142: 19138: 19135: 19133: 19130: 19129: 19127: 19123: 19117: 19114: 19112: 19111:South Ossetia 19109: 19107: 19104: 19103: 19101: 19097: 19091: 19088: 19085: 19081: 19078: 19076: 19073: 19071: 19068: 19066: 19063: 19061: 19058: 19056: 19053: 19051: 19048: 19046: 19043: 19041: 19038: 19036: 19033: 19031: 19028: 19026: 19023: 19021: 19018: 19016: 19013: 19011: 19008: 19007: 19005: 19001: 18997: 18990: 18985: 18983: 18978: 18976: 18971: 18970: 18967: 18955: 18954: 18953:Europe portal 18949: 18945: 18943: 18942: 18933: 18932: 18927: 18923: 18920: 18917: 18914: 18911: 18910: 18906: 18895: 18891: 18887: 18884: 18882: 18879: 18877: 18874: 18872: 18869: 18868: 18866: 18862: 18855: 18851: 18847: 18844: 18843: 18841: 18837: 18830: 18826: 18822: 18819: 18818: 18816: 18812: 18809: 18802:Special areas 18799: 18785: 18782: 18780: 18777: 18773: 18770: 18768: 18765: 18763: 18760: 18759: 18758: 18755: 18754: 18752: 18750: 18746: 18739: 18735: 18732: 18729: 18726: 18725: 18722: 18719: 18715: 18707: 18704: 18703: 18702: 18701:Faroe Islands 18699: 18698: 18696: 18692: 18689: 18686: 18679: 18673: 18670: 18668: 18667:South Ossetia 18665: 18663: 18660: 18658: 18655: 18653: 18650: 18649: 18647: 18644: 18637: 18632: 18622: 18619: 18617: 18614: 18612: 18609: 18607: 18604: 18602: 18599: 18597: 18594: 18592: 18589: 18587: 18584: 18582: 18579: 18577: 18574: 18572: 18569: 18567: 18564: 18562: 18559: 18557: 18554: 18552: 18549: 18547: 18544: 18542: 18539: 18537: 18534: 18532: 18529: 18527: 18524: 18522: 18519: 18517: 18514: 18512: 18509: 18507: 18504: 18502: 18501:Liechtenstein 18499: 18497: 18494: 18492: 18489: 18487: 18484: 18482: 18479: 18477: 18474: 18472: 18469: 18467: 18464: 18462: 18459: 18457: 18454: 18452: 18449: 18447: 18444: 18442: 18439: 18437: 18434: 18432: 18429: 18427: 18424: 18422: 18419: 18417: 18414: 18412: 18409: 18407: 18404: 18402: 18399: 18397: 18394: 18392: 18389: 18387: 18384: 18382: 18379: 18377: 18374: 18373: 18371: 18369: 18365: 18361: 18357: 18350: 18345: 18343: 18338: 18336: 18331: 18330: 18327: 18321: 18314: 18302: 18299: 18297: 18294: 18293: 18288: 18284: 18283: 18279: 18269: 18266: 18264: 18261: 18259: 18256: 18254: 18251: 18249: 18246: 18244: 18241: 18239: 18236: 18234: 18231: 18227: 18224: 18223: 18222: 18219: 18217: 18214: 18212: 18209: 18207: 18204: 18203: 18201: 18199: 18195: 18189: 18186: 18182: 18179: 18178: 18177: 18174: 18172: 18169: 18167: 18164: 18162: 18159: 18157: 18154: 18153: 18150: 18147: 18145: 18141: 18131: 18128: 18126: 18123: 18121: 18118: 18116: 18113: 18111: 18110:National bank 18108: 18106: 18100: 18098: 18095: 18093: 18090: 18088: 18085: 18083: 18080: 18079: 18076: 18073: 18071: 18067: 18057: 18054: 18052: 18049: 18047: 18044: 18040: 18037: 18036: 18035: 18032: 18028: 18025: 18024: 18023: 18020: 18016: 18013: 18012: 18011: 18008: 18004: 18001: 18000: 17999: 17996: 17994: 17991: 17989: 17986: 17984: 17981: 17979: 17976: 17975: 17972: 17969: 17967: 17963: 17953: 17950: 17948: 17945: 17943: 17940: 17938: 17935: 17933: 17930: 17928: 17925: 17923: 17920: 17918: 17915: 17913: 17910: 17908: 17905: 17903: 17900: 17898: 17895: 17893: 17890: 17889: 17886: 17883: 17881: 17877: 17871: 17868: 17866: 17863: 17861: 17858: 17856: 17853: 17851: 17848: 17846: 17843: 17841: 17838: 17836: 17833: 17831: 17828: 17827: 17825: 17823: 17819: 17814: 17807: 17802: 17800: 17795: 17793: 17788: 17787: 17784: 17778: 17775: 17773: 17769: 17766: 17764: 17763:OpenStreetMap 17760: 17751: 17749: 17741: 17738: 17734: 17731: 17730: 17719: 17717:954-649-717-7 17713: 17709: 17705: 17700: 17696: 17690: 17686: 17685: 17679: 17675: 17669: 17665: 17664: 17658: 17654: 17653: 17647: 17641: 17637: 17631: 17627: 17623: 17622: 17617: 17613: 17609: 17603: 17598: 17597: 17591: 17587: 17583: 17579: 17575: 17571: 17567: 17563: 17557: 17552: 17551: 17545: 17541: 17527: 17523: 17519: 17515: 17503: 17499: 17495: 17491: 17479: 17475: 17471: 17467: 17455: 17451: 17447: 17443: 17431: 17427: 17423: 17422:"The Economy" 17419: 17407: 17403: 17399: 17395: 17383: 17379: 17375: 17371: 17359: 17355: 17351: 17347: 17335: 17331: 17327: 17323: 17311: 17307: 17303: 17299: 17287: 17283: 17279: 17275: 17263: 17259: 17255: 17251: 17239: 17235: 17231: 17227: 17215: 17211: 17207: 17203: 17191: 17187: 17183: 17179: 17167: 17163: 17159: 17155: 17143: 17139: 17135: 17131: 17119: 17115: 17111: 17107: 17095: 17091: 17087: 17083: 17082: 17079: 17068: 17064: 17063: 17057: 17053: 17047: 17043: 17038: 17034: 17028: 17024: 17023: 17017: 17013: 17007: 17003: 17002: 16996: 16992: 16986: 16982: 16981: 16975: 16971: 16965: 16961: 16956: 16941: 16934: 16930: 16926: 16911: 16907: 16900: 16895: 16880: 16876: 16861: 16853: 16847: 16835: 16829: 16828: 16806: 16800: 16785: 16781: 16774: 16758: 16754: 16748: 16732: 16728: 16722: 16706: 16700: 16685: 16681: 16674: 16658: 16652: 16645: 16633: 16629: 16622: 16620: 16618: 16616: 16599: 16593: 16577: 16573: 16572:"Athens 1896" 16567: 16551: 16547: 16541: 16525: 16521: 16517: 16511: 16503: 16496: 16488: 16484: 16478: 16463: 16459: 16452: 16444: 16438: 16434: 16433: 16425: 16423: 16407: 16403: 16396: 16381: 16377: 16371: 16369: 16361: 16356: 16340: 16336: 16330: 16315: 16314: 16309: 16302: 16287: 16286: 16281: 16274: 16259: 16258: 16253: 16246: 16231: 16230: 16225: 16218: 16202: 16198: 16197:The Telegraph 16193: 16186: 16170: 16166: 16159: 16152: 16148: 16142: 16138: 16134: 16133: 16125: 16109: 16103: 16096: 16091: 16090: 16082: 16076: 16072: 16067: 16063: 16056: 16048: 16044: 16040: 16036: 16029: 16013: 16009: 16003: 15995: 15989: 15985: 15984: 15976: 15969: 15964: 15958: 15954: 15953: 15945: 15938: 15934: 15928: 15924: 15923: 15915: 15908: 15904: 15898: 15894: 15893: 15885: 15870: 15866: 15859: 15857: 15855: 15853: 15851: 15834: 15828: 15812: 15806: 15799: 15794: 15778: 15772: 15756: 15752: 15746: 15742: 15741: 15733: 15726: 15721: 15714: 15702: 15698: 15691: 15689: 15687: 15685: 15683: 15681: 15679: 15662: 15658: 15651: 15635: 15631: 15627: 15620: 15612: 15608: 15602: 15594: 15590: 15584: 15576: 15572: 15566: 15550: 15546: 15542: 15536: 15520: 15516: 15512: 15506: 15490: 15486: 15480: 15476: 15475: 15467: 15451: 15447: 15441: 15437: 15436: 15428: 15412: 15408: 15402: 15393: 15392: 15386: 15381: 15374: 15367: 15362: 15346: 15342: 15338: 15332: 15316: 15312: 15308: 15302: 15286: 15282: 15276: 15260: 15256: 15252: 15251: 15246: 15240: 15224: 15220: 15213: 15206: 15201: 15199: 15179: 15172: 15166: 15164: 15147: 15143: 15137: 15121: 15117: 15113: 15112: 15107: 15101: 15085: 15082:. Bloomberg. 15081: 15080:Bloomberg.com 15077: 15070: 15054: 15050: 15046: 15039: 15030: 15021: 15010: 15006: 15002: 14998: 14994: 14987: 14980: 14971: 14964: 14951: 14947: 14942: 14934: 14928: 14923: 14907: 14903: 14898: 14890: 14874: 14870: 14864: 14848: 14844: 14840: 14834: 14815: 14811: 14805: 14798: 14797: 14790: 14788: 14771: 14767: 14763: 14762: 14757: 14751: 14735: 14731: 14727: 14726: 14721: 14715: 14699: 14695: 14691: 14690: 14685: 14679: 14664: 14660: 14659: 14654: 14649: 14648:public domain 14638: 14623: 14619: 14618: 14614: 14609: 14602: 14586: 14582: 14578: 14572: 14556: 14552: 14546: 14530: 14526: 14520: 14504: 14500: 14494: 14490: 14489: 14481: 14465: 14461: 14455: 14453: 14436: 14432: 14426: 14424: 14408:on 7 May 2016 14407: 14403: 14399: 14393: 14377: 14373: 14367: 14351: 14347: 14343: 14342: 14337: 14331: 14315: 14311: 14307: 14301: 14294: 14289: 14270: 14263: 14257: 14238: 14231: 14224: 14222: 14220: 14218: 14216: 14214: 14197: 14193: 14186: 14184: 14167: 14163: 14157: 14141: 14137: 14133: 14132: 14127: 14121: 14105: 14101: 14097: 14091: 14075: 14071: 14067: 14060: 14054:, p. 47. 14053: 14048: 14032: 14028: 14022: 14006: 14002: 13996: 13980: 13976: 13970: 13954: 13950: 13946: 13940: 13921: 13914: 13908: 13902:, p. 14. 13901: 13896: 13894: 13892: 13875: 13871: 13865: 13849: 13845: 13839: 13831: 13827: 13823: 13819: 13815: 13811: 13807: 13803: 13796: 13780: 13776: 13770: 13754: 13750: 13746: 13742: 13738: 13734: 13727: 13711: 13707: 13701: 13697: 13696: 13688: 13672: 13668: 13666:9789545288456 13662: 13658: 13654: 13653: 13645: 13629: 13625: 13619: 13615: 13614: 13606: 13604: 13595: 13591: 13587: 13583: 13579: 13575: 13571: 13567: 13560: 13544: 13540: 13536: 13530: 13514: 13510: 13504: 13500: 13499: 13491: 13489: 13487: 13470: 13466: 13460: 13444: 13440: 13431: 13423: 13419: 13412: 13396: 13392: 13385: 13369: 13365: 13359: 13343: 13339: 13334: 13326: 13320: 13316: 13312: 13308: 13304: 13301: 13295: 13289: 13285: 13281: 13278: 13273: 13265: 13258: 13250: 13238: 13222: 13218: 13212: 13208: 13204: 13200: 13199: 13195:WIPO (2022). 13191: 13175: 13172:. Bloomberg. 13171: 13170:Bloomberg.com 13167: 13161: 13145: 13141: 13137: 13131: 13115: 13111: 13107: 13101: 13099: 13092:, p. 19. 13091: 13086: 13070: 13066: 13059: 13043: 13039: 13031: 13015: 13011: 13007: 13000: 12984: 12980: 12976: 12970: 12954: 12950: 12944: 12928: 12924: 12920: 12914: 12898: 12894: 12887: 12871: 12867: 12863: 12856: 12840: 12836: 12830: 12814: 12810: 12804: 12788: 12784: 12778: 12759: 12755: 12748: 12742: 12723: 12716: 12710: 12703: 12702:Resource Base 12698: 12682: 12678: 12672: 12656: 12652: 12648: 12642: 12640: 12623: 12619: 12615: 12609: 12593: 12589: 12583: 12567: 12563: 12559: 12558: 12553: 12547: 12531: 12527: 12523: 12516: 12500: 12496: 12492: 12491: 12486: 12480: 12464: 12460: 12456: 12455: 12450: 12444: 12425: 12418: 12412: 12393: 12389: 12385: 12381: 12374: 12367: 12351: 12347: 12338: 12322: 12318: 12314: 12306: 12290: 12286: 12280: 12264: 12260: 12256: 12249: 12247: 12230: 12226: 12222: 12215: 12199: 12195: 12191: 12185: 12169: 12165: 12164:The Telegraph 12160: 12153: 12137: 12133: 12129: 12122: 12120: 12103: 12099: 12095: 12089: 12073: 12069: 12067:9789544771461 12063: 12059: 12058: 12050: 12034: 12030: 12026: 12020: 12004: 12000: 11996: 11990: 11974: 11970: 11962: 11946: 11942: 11935: 11919: 11915: 11909: 11893: 11889: 11883: 11867: 11863: 11855: 11836: 11829: 11823: 11807: 11803: 11797: 11781: 11777: 11771: 11755: 11751: 11747: 11741: 11725: 11721: 11717: 11711: 11704: 11699: 11697: 11680: 11676: 11668: 11652: 11648: 11642: 11626: 11622: 11618: 11612: 11596: 11592: 11586: 11570: 11566: 11562: 11556: 11540: 11536: 11532: 11531: 11526: 11520: 11504: 11500: 11491: 11489: 11472: 11468: 11464: 11463: 11458: 11452: 11433: 11429: 11422: 11415: 11413: 11404: 11398: 11391: 11379: 11375: 11373:9789264167735 11369: 11365: 11361: 11360: 11353: 11337: 11333: 11329: 11323: 11321: 11313: 11300: 11296: 11292: 11285: 11269: 11265: 11261: 11255: 11239: 11235: 11229: 11213: 11209: 11205: 11199: 11183: 11179: 11175: 11168: 11149: 11142: 11136: 11120: 11117:. Defence24. 11116: 11109: 11090: 11083: 11077: 11069: 11063: 11059: 11055: 11051: 11047: 11041: 11025: 11021: 11015: 10999: 10995: 10989: 10978: 10972: 10956: 10952: 10948: 10942: 10926: 10922: 10916: 10909: 10904: 10897: 10892: 10885: 10873: 10869: 10868: 10863: 10857: 10841: 10837: 10833: 10827: 10811: 10807: 10801: 10785: 10781: 10775: 10759: 10755: 10749: 10733: 10729: 10725: 10717: 10701: 10697: 10689: 10673: 10669: 10663: 10647: 10643: 10637: 10621: 10617: 10609: 10593: 10589: 10583: 10567: 10563: 10557: 10551:, p. 27. 10550: 10545: 10526: 10518: 10510: 10494: 10490: 10484: 10468: 10464: 10458: 10442: 10439:. Bloomberg. 10438: 10437:Bloomberg.com 10434: 10427: 10411: 10407: 10401: 10385: 10381: 10380: 10375: 10368: 10352: 10348: 10340: 10324: 10320: 10314: 10295: 10291: 10284: 10278: 10262: 10258: 10252: 10236: 10232: 10225: 10223: 10206: 10202: 10198: 10192: 10176: 10172: 10168: 10162: 10146: 10142: 10141: 10136: 10130: 10114: 10110: 10109: 10104: 10098: 10091: 10087: 10083: 10080: 10075: 10068: 10065: 10061: 10058: 10052: 10036: 10032: 10031: 10026: 10019: 10003: 9999: 9995: 9988: 9972: 9968: 9964: 9957: 9941: 9937: 9933: 9927: 9911: 9907: 9900: 9884: 9880: 9875: 9867: 9851: 9847: 9843: 9837: 9821: 9817: 9813: 9806: 9790: 9786: 9779: 9763: 9759: 9755: 9748: 9732: 9728: 9727: 9722: 9716: 9700: 9696: 9692: 9686: 9679: 9674: 9668:, p. 17. 9667: 9662: 9660: 9658: 9641: 9637: 9631: 9615: 9611: 9605: 9589: 9585: 9579: 9563: 9559: 9553: 9537: 9533: 9529: 9523: 9507: 9503: 9499: 9493: 9476: 9471: 9470: 9465: 9458: 9442: 9438: 9434: 9430: 9424: 9408: 9404: 9400: 9394: 9378: 9374: 9368: 9352: 9348: 9342: 9326: 9322: 9316: 9297: 9290: 9283: 9267: 9263: 9259: 9252: 9245: 9240: 9225:on 4 May 2015 9221: 9217: 9216:IUCN Red List 9210: 9204: 9202: 9185: 9181: 9177: 9171: 9155: 9151: 9144: 9138:, p. 29. 9137: 9132: 9113: 9105: 9097: 9081: 9077: 9071: 9069: 9061: 9056: 9049: 9044: 9037: 9032: 9013: 9009: 9002: 8996: 8989: 8984: 8977: 8972: 8966: 8953: 8949: 8948: 8943: 8937: 8935: 8927: 8922: 8920: 8918: 8916: 8914: 8912: 8895: 8891: 8885: 8869: 8865: 8864: 8859: 8852: 8850: 8833: 8829: 8823: 8821: 8801: 8794: 8788: 8782:, p. 16. 8781: 8776: 8774: 8772: 8770: 8753: 8749: 8748: 8743: 8734: 8718: 8714: 8710: 8704: 8688: 8684: 8680: 8674: 8667: 8662: 8646: 8642: 8638: 8631: 8624: 8622: 8607: 8603: 8602: 8597: 8590: 8583: 8578: 8571: 8566: 8558: 8552: 8548: 8544: 8537: 8518: 8511: 8504: 8497: 8492: 8485: 8480: 8473: 8468: 8461: 8460:Crampton 2005 8456: 8440: 8436: 8430: 8426: 8425: 8417: 8401: 8397: 8391: 8387: 8386: 8378: 8370: 8364: 8360: 8355: 8354: 8345: 8338: 8333: 8331: 8323: 8311: 8307: 8301: 8297: 8296: 8288: 8281: 8276: 8269: 8264: 8248: 8244: 8238: 8234: 8233: 8225: 8209: 8205: 8201: 8194: 8178: 8174: 8168: 8149: 8145: 8138: 8131: 8115: 8111: 8105: 8101: 8100: 8092: 8085: 8073: 8069: 8063: 8059: 8055: 8054: 8046: 8039: 8038:Crampton 2007 8034: 8027: 8022: 8006: 8002: 7998: 7992: 7976: 7972: 7968: 7962: 7955: 7951: 7945: 7941: 7940: 7932: 7925: 7920: 7918: 7901: 7897: 7893: 7892:"Shipka Pass" 7887: 7871: 7867: 7863: 7857: 7850: 7845: 7843: 7826: 7822: 7818: 7811: 7809: 7792: 7788: 7782: 7778: 7777: 7769: 7762: 7761:Crampton 1987 7757: 7741: 7737: 7731: 7727: 7726: 7718: 7711: 7699: 7693: 7689: 7688: 7680: 7664: 7660: 7654: 7650: 7649: 7641: 7625: 7621: 7615: 7611: 7610: 7602: 7586: 7582: 7576: 7572: 7568: 7567: 7562: 7561:Jireček, K.J. 7556: 7554: 7537: 7533: 7529: 7522: 7515: 7503: 7499: 7495: 7488: 7486: 7484: 7482: 7465: 7461: 7455: 7451: 7450: 7442: 7440: 7432: 7431:Crampton 1987 7427: 7425: 7416: 7415: 7410: 7405: 7400: 7394: 7392: 7390: 7388: 7371: 7367: 7363: 7356: 7354: 7352: 7350: 7341: 7335: 7331: 7327: 7326: 7318: 7316: 7307: 7301: 7297: 7292: 7291: 7282: 7280: 7272: 7271:Crampton 1987 7267: 7259: 7253: 7249: 7242: 7226: 7222: 7218: 7212: 7204: 7198: 7194: 7190: 7189: 7181: 7174: 7169: 7162: 7150: 7146: 7142: 7135: 7133: 7131: 7123: 7122:Crampton 2007 7118: 7116: 7099: 7095: 7091: 7084: 7068: 7064: 7060: 7054: 7038: 7034: 7028: 7024: 7023: 7015: 6999: 6995: 6989: 6985: 6984: 6976: 6960: 6956: 6950: 6946: 6942: 6938: 6930: 6914: 6910: 6904: 6900: 6899: 6891: 6884: 6879: 6873: 6869: 6862: 6854: 6848: 6844: 6837: 6831:, p. 19. 6830: 6825: 6806: 6802: 6796: 6789: 6788: 6780: 6764: 6760: 6754: 6750: 6749: 6741: 6725: 6721: 6715: 6711: 6710: 6702: 6686: 6682: 6678: 6671: 6655: 6651: 6647: 6641: 6625: 6621: 6615: 6611: 6610: 6602: 6586: 6582: 6576: 6572: 6571: 6563: 6547: 6543: 6537: 6533: 6532: 6524: 6517: 6513: 6507: 6503: 6496: 6489: 6484: 6482: 6465: 6461: 6455: 6451: 6450: 6442: 6426: 6422: 6418: 6411: 6409: 6407: 6399: 6386: 6382: 6376: 6372: 6371: 6363: 6347: 6343: 6339: 6333: 6331: 6323: 6322:Crampton 1987 6318: 6311: 6298: 6294: 6288: 6284: 6283: 6275: 6259: 6255: 6249: 6247: 6245: 6243: 6235: 6223: 6219: 6213: 6206: 6194: 6190: 6184: 6180: 6179: 6171: 6164: 6152: 6148: 6142: 6138: 6137: 6129: 6122: 6110: 6106: 6100: 6096: 6095: 6087: 6080: 6067: 6063: 6059: 6055: 6051: 6047: 6043: 6039: 6035: 6028: 6012: 6008: 6002: 5998: 5997: 5989: 5978: 5974: 5970: 5966: 5962: 5958: 5954: 5950: 5946: 5942: 5938: 5934: 5930: 5923: 5921: 5912: 5904: 5900: 5896: 5892: 5887: 5882: 5878: 5874: 5870: 5866: 5862: 5858: 5851: 5843: 5839: 5835: 5831: 5827: 5823: 5819: 5815: 5811: 5807: 5799: 5792: 5787: 5780: 5775: 5759: 5755: 5749: 5745: 5744: 5736: 5730:, p. 97. 5729: 5724: 5708: 5704: 5698: 5694: 5693: 5685: 5678: 5673: 5657: 5650: 5644: 5628: 5624: 5620: 5616: 5610: 5594: 5590: 5586: 5580: 5578: 5576: 5574: 5557: 5553: 5549: 5548: 5543: 5537: 5529: 5523: 5519: 5508: 5497: 5493: 5485: 5479: 5477: 5460: 5456: 5450: 5446: 5432: 5426: 5422: 5411: 5403: 5394: 5380: 5373: 5367: 5358: 5350: 5343: 5297: 5293: 5283: 5280: 5279: 5275: 5264: 5257: 5255: 5251: 5247: 5243: 5239: 5235: 5231: 5227: 5223: 5219: 5215: 5211: 5207: 5203: 5201: 5197: 5193: 5189: 5185: 5181: 5177: 5173: 5169: 5165: 5161: 5157: 5153: 5149: 5146: 5142: 5135: 5131: 5127: 5122: 5112: 5110: 5106: 5102: 5098: 5094: 5090: 5086: 5081: 5077: 5073: 5072:shopska salad 5069: 5065: 5061: 5057: 5053: 5050: 5046: 5042: 5041: 5035: 5034: 5028: 5027: 5022: 5018: 5013: 5011: 5007: 5006:Milcho Leviev 5003: 4999: 4995: 4991: 4987: 4983: 4979: 4975: 4971: 4970:Petko Staynov 4967: 4963: 4959: 4948: 4944: 4940: 4936: 4932: 4928: 4924: 4920: 4914: 4912: 4908: 4904: 4900: 4896: 4892: 4891:Ivan Mrkvička 4888: 4887:Zahari Zograf 4884: 4880: 4876: 4872: 4867: 4865: 4861: 4860:Elias Canetti 4857: 4853: 4852:Dimitar Talev 4849: 4848:Dimitar Dimov 4845: 4841: 4837: 4833: 4829: 4825: 4821: 4817: 4813: 4809: 4805: 4804: 4799: 4795: 4791: 4787: 4783: 4779: 4775: 4771: 4767: 4763: 4759: 4754: 4752: 4749:, Bulgaria's 4748: 4744: 4740: 4736: 4735:Boyana Church 4732: 4728: 4724: 4720: 4716: 4712: 4708: 4704: 4700: 4696: 4692: 4688: 4684: 4680: 4676: 4672: 4664: 4660: 4659: 4654: 4647: 4643: 4636: 4632: 4628: 4627:Roman theatre 4623: 4618: 4608: 4606: 4602: 4597: 4595: 4591: 4587: 4583: 4579: 4574: 4572: 4568: 4564: 4560: 4559:Muslim prayer 4556: 4551: 4547: 4545: 4541: 4540:autocephalous 4537: 4533: 4529: 4525: 4521: 4517: 4513: 4509: 4505: 4504:secular state 4498: 4494: 4489: 4479: 4477: 4473: 4469: 4465: 4464:evidentiality 4461: 4457: 4452: 4442: 4440: 4436: 4432: 4427: 4423: 4419: 4415: 4411: 4402: 4397: 4387: 4385: 4380: 4376: 4372: 4368: 4364: 4358: 4342: 4340: 4337: 4335: 4332: 4329: 4326: 4324: 4321: 4319: 4316: 4313: 4312: 4308: 4306: 4303: 4301: 4298: 4295: 4292: 4290: 4287: 4285: 4282: 4279: 4278: 4274: 4272: 4269: 4267: 4264: 4261: 4258: 4256: 4253: 4251: 4248: 4245: 4244: 4240: 4238: 4235: 4233: 4230: 4227: 4224: 4222: 4219: 4217: 4214: 4211: 4210: 4206: 4204: 4201: 4199: 4196: 4193: 4190: 4188: 4185: 4183: 4180: 4177: 4176: 4172: 4170: 4167: 4165: 4162: 4159: 4156: 4154: 4151: 4149: 4146: 4143: 4142: 4138: 4136: 4133: 4131: 4128: 4125: 4122: 4120: 4117: 4115: 4112: 4109: 4108: 4104: 4102: 4099: 4097: 4094: 4091: 4088: 4086: 4083: 4081: 4078: 4075: 4074: 4070: 4068: 4065: 4063: 4060: 4057: 4054: 4052: 4049: 4047: 4044: 4041: 4040: 4036: 4034: 4031: 4029: 4026: 4023: 4020: 4018: 4017:Sofia-Capital 4015: 4013: 4010: 4007: 4006: 4003: 4000: 3998: 3995: 3993: 3990: 3988: 3985: 3983: 3980: 3978: 3975: 3973: 3970: 3968: 3965: 3964: 3949: 3944: 3942: 3937: 3935: 3930: 3929: 3923: 3914: 3912: 3908: 3904: 3903:Reboot Online 3900: 3896: 3892: 3888: 3883: 3881: 3877: 3873: 3868: 3865: 3861: 3857: 3853: 3849: 3845: 3841: 3818: 3808: 3798: 3790: 3783: 3773: 3771: 3767: 3763: 3759: 3753: 3751: 3747: 3743: 3739: 3738:nuclear power 3733: 3731: 3727: 3723: 3719: 3712: 3708: 3703: 3699: 3689: 3687: 3683: 3682:BulgariaSat-1 3679: 3675: 3671: 3667: 3666:Chandrayaan-1 3663: 3659: 3655: 3651: 3647: 3643: 3639: 3635: 3634:spectroscopic 3631: 3627: 3623: 3619: 3616: 3612: 3608: 3605: 3601: 3598: 3594: 3590: 3585: 3583: 3580: 3576: 3572: 3568: 3564: 3560: 3556: 3552: 3548: 3544: 3540: 3536: 3531: 3529: 3525: 3521: 3517: 3508: 3503: 3493: 3491: 3487: 3483: 3479: 3475: 3471: 3467: 3463: 3459: 3455: 3451: 3447: 3443: 3439: 3435: 3431: 3427: 3423: 3418: 3416: 3411: 3407: 3403: 3393: 3391: 3387: 3383: 3378: 3373: 3372:Schengen Area 3369: 3365: 3360: 3358: 3354: 3349: 3344: 3342: 3338: 3334: 3329: 3325: 3321: 3317: 3313: 3312:planning area 3310: 3303: 3299: 3294: 3286: 3282: 3280: 3276: 3275:excise duties 3272: 3268: 3263: 3259: 3254: 3251: 3247: 3246:shock therapy 3243: 3239: 3235: 3231: 3222: 3217: 3207: 3205: 3201: 3197: 3194: 3190: 3186: 3182: 3181:F-16 Block 70 3178: 3174: 3170: 3166: 3162: 3158: 3154: 3150: 3146: 3143: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3127: 3123: 3117: 3107: 3105: 3100: 3098: 3093: 3089: 3085: 3081: 3077: 3073: 3069: 3065: 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1899: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1878:Enlightenment 1870: 1866: 1864: 1860: 1857:in 1689. The 1856: 1852: 1848: 1844: 1840: 1836: 1831: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1813: 1808: 1806: 1802: 1798: 1797:Vidin Tsardom 1794: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1778: 1769: 1764: 1754: 1752: 1751:Ottoman Turks 1748: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1720: 1716: 1711: 1709: 1706:, Serbia and 1705: 1701: 1697: 1693: 1689: 1685: 1681: 1677: 1675: 1671: 1667: 1663: 1659: 1655: 1654:Hellenisation 1651: 1647: 1643: 1639: 1636:being led by 1635: 1627: 1623: 1620:The walls of 1618: 1613: 1603: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1592:archbishopric 1589: 1586:instead. 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The ruling 1062: 1059:and became a 1058: 1054: 1050: 1045: 1040: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1014: 1010: 1006: 1002: 998: 994: 990: 986: 982: 978: 974: 970: 966: 962: 957: 955: 951: 947: 943: 939: 935: 931: 927: 923: 919: 915: 911: 907: 903: 899: 895: 891: 880: 877: 875: 872: 871: 869: 867: 863: 860: 857: 855: 854:ISO 3166 code 851: 848: 845: 843: 839: 835: 829: 825: 821: 815: 811: 805: 801: 797: 793: 789: 786: 782: 778: 762: 756: 752: 737: 731: 727: 723: 714: 708: 704: 695: 689: 685: 679: 675: 671: 662: 656: 652: 643: 637: 633: 629: 623: 619: 615: 611: 605: 601: 592: 586: 583: 579: 575: 569: 565: 561: 555: 552: 548: 544: 540: 534: 530: 527: 523: 517: 513: 510: 504: 500: 497: 491: 487: 484: 478: 474: 471: 467: 464: 461: 457: 453: 450: 449:Raya Nazaryan 447: 444: 438: 435: 432: 429: 423: 420: 419:Iliana Iotova 417: 414: 408: 405: 402: 399: 393: 389: 386: 383: 381: 377: 371: 368: 367: 365: 363: 359: 352: 350: 346: 344: 340: 338: 334: 327: 323: 321: 317: 316: 315: 311: 310: 308: 307: 305: 302:(2021 census) 298: 291: 289: 285: 283: 279: 277: 273: 272: 270: 267:(2021 census) 265: 261: 258: 255: 253: 249: 246: 243: 239: 234: 196: 193: 186: 181: 179: 175: 169: 160: 155: 117: 108: 104: 100: 95: 85: 81: 75: 69: 61: 55: 47: 42: 29: 26: 22: 21036: 20823:Organization 20381:Burkina Faso 20375: 20251:South Africa 20170: 19949: 19911:EU relations 19899:EU relations 19887:EU relations 19677: 19596:Transnistria 19591:Soviet Union 19480:Swedish rule 19371:1989-present 19360:World War II 19271:World War II 19116:Transnistria 19024: 18951: 18939: 18672:Transnistria 18621:Vatican City 18415: 18216:Coat of arms 18181:Demographics 18022:Armed Forces 17998:Human rights 17978:Constitution 17855:Principality 17812: 17736: 17703: 17683: 17662: 17650: 17620: 17595: 17573: 17549: 17530:. Retrieved 17526:the original 17521: 17506:. Retrieved 17502:the original 17497: 17494:"Arms Sales" 17482:. Retrieved 17478:the original 17473: 17458:. Retrieved 17454:the original 17449: 17434:. Retrieved 17430:the original 17425: 17410:. Retrieved 17406:the original 17401: 17386:. Retrieved 17382:the original 17377: 17374:"Topography" 17362:. Retrieved 17358:the original 17353: 17338:. Retrieved 17334:the original 17329: 17314:. Retrieved 17310:the original 17305: 17290:. Retrieved 17286:the original 17281: 17266:. Retrieved 17262:the original 17257: 17242:. Retrieved 17238:the original 17234:World War II 17233: 17218:. Retrieved 17214:the original 17210:World War II 17209: 17194:. Retrieved 17190:the original 17186:World War II 17185: 17170:. Retrieved 17166:the original 17161: 17146:. Retrieved 17142:the original 17137: 17122:. Retrieved 17118:the original 17113: 17098:. Retrieved 17094:the original 17089: 17076:– via 17070:. 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Retrieved 14140:the original 14129: 14120: 14108:. Retrieved 14090: 14078:. Retrieved 14069: 14059: 14047: 14035:. Retrieved 14027:"Energy Hub" 14021: 14009:. Retrieved 14005:the original 13995: 13983:. Retrieved 13979:the original 13969: 13957:. Retrieved 13939: 13927:. Retrieved 13907: 13878:. Retrieved 13874:the original 13864: 13852:. Retrieved 13838: 13805: 13801: 13795: 13783:. Retrieved 13779:the original 13769: 13757:. Retrieved 13740: 13736: 13726: 13714:. Retrieved 13694: 13687: 13675:. Retrieved 13656: 13651: 13644: 13632:. Retrieved 13612: 13569: 13565: 13559: 13547:. Retrieved 13529: 13517:. Retrieved 13497: 13473:. Retrieved 13459: 13447:. Retrieved 13430: 13411: 13399:. Retrieved 13384: 13372:. Retrieved 13358: 13346:. Retrieved 13337: 13325: 13310: 13294: 13272: 13263: 13257: 13225:. Retrieved 13197: 13190: 13178:. Retrieved 13169: 13160: 13148:. Retrieved 13130: 13118:. Retrieved 13085: 13073:. Retrieved 13058: 13046:. Retrieved 13030: 13018:. 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Retrieved 5459:the original 5449: 5431:Demographics 5425: 5410: 5379: 5296: 5230:FC Barcelona 5204: 5200:ATP rankings 5184:world record 5138: 5054: 5038: 5024: 5014: 4947:Yoan Kukuzel 4943:Grammy Award 4934: 4915: 4868: 4824:Peyo Yavorov 4801: 4755: 4751:patron saint 4747:John of Rila 4719:Madara Rider 4695:Nestinarstvo 4667: 4656: 4598: 4575: 4571:cohabitation 4548: 4501: 4454: 4407: 4360: 4187:Stara Zagora 4182:Stara Zagora 3902: 3884: 3869: 3836: 3788: 3776:Demographics 3754: 3744:(34.8%) and 3734: 3715: 3673: 3622:Vega program 3586: 3574: 3532: 3514:Spending on 3513: 3470:Golden Sands 3419: 3399: 3361: 3345: 3306: 3255: 3227: 3175:short-range 3173:SS-21 Scarab 3165:Sukhoi Su-25 3119: 3101: 3053: 3017: 2980: 2945:Stara Zagora 2792: 2788: 2782: 2739: 2736:Legal system 2715: 2695: 2680: 2621: 2572: 2564:Constitution 2541: 2495: 2479: 2423:is conserved 2419:biodiversity 2416: 2385: 2353: 2301: 2247: 2173: 2126: 2097:Bogdan Filov 2070: 2051: 2008: 1988:Great Powers 1986:. The other 1949: 1890:Great Powers 1875: 1832: 1820:Islamisation 1815: 1809: 1774: 1757:Ottoman rule 1712: 1700:Ivan Asen II 1696:papal legate 1678: 1668:organised a 1658:Asen dynasty 1638:Peter Delyan 1631: 1541: 1515:in 864. The 1507:was killed. 1505:Nicephorus I 1494: 1464: 1459:Alfons Mucha 1453: 1400:fall of Rome 1380:Gothic Bible 1376:Christianity 1373: 1369:Roman Empire 1351:to form the 1310: 1266: 1262:Homo sapiens 1260: 1251: 1161: 1157: 1154:Proto-Turkic 1143: 1139: 1137: 1092: 1071:and allowed 1057:Eastern Bloc 1041: 1033:Ivan Asen II 981:Roman Empire 958: 942:largest city 893: 889: 888: 866:Internet TLD 842:Calling code 692:• Total 640:• Total 558:• Total 522:Independence 514:3 March 1878 314:Christianity 165: 106: 93: 84:Motto: 83: 74:Coat of arms 40: 25: 20891:LGBT rights 20784:South Korea 20586:Switzerland 20566:Saint Lucia 20486:Ivory Coast 20256:South Korea 20226:New Zealand 20221:Netherlands 20181:China (PRC) 20042:Netherlands 19763:Netherlands 19520:Soviet rule 19355:World War I 19084:East Thrace 18806:sovereignty 18804:of internal 18784:Isle of Man 18685:territories 18643:recognition 18601:Switzerland 18536:Netherlands 18082:Agriculture 18039:Chairperson 18015:enforcement 17947:Sredna Gora 17912:Earthquakes 17532:20 December 17450:The Economy 16556:20 December 16504:. SEE News. 16319:13 December 16291:20 December 16235:20 December 16207:20 December 16175:20 December 16018:20 December 15667:8 September 15640:27 November 15456:20 December 15417:20 December 15265:15 December 15229:15 December 15152:15 December 15126:15 December 15059:21 February 14956:7 September 14823:26 February 14704:20 December 14555:data.un.org 14535:25 February 14356:15 December 14246:25 November 14202:6 September 14011:27 February 13985:27 February 13959:20 December 13785:20 December 13075:15 December 13048:15 December 12989:20 December 12819:20 December 12731:15 December 12661:20 December 12572:15 December 12505:15 December 12469:15 December 11844:20 December 11631:10 February 11342:20 December 10961:20 December 10764:20 December 10706:20 December 10572:20 December 10473:20 December 10390:20 December 10303:16 December 10181:6 September 9768:20 February 9758:Yahoo! News 9752:Cage, Sam. 9594:20 December 9568:25 November 9542:20 December 9512:20 December 9413:20 December 9331:20 December 9160:20 December 8838:20 December 8758:20 December 8693:20 December 8612:20 December 8496:The Economy 8011:20 December 7981:24 February 7876:20 December 7542:16 November 7508:21 December 5779:Golden 1992 5677:Golden 1992 5383:Bulgarian: 5226:Golden Ball 5222:Golden Boot 5010:Ivo Papazov 4954: 1280 4895:Anton Mitov 4812:Nietzschean 4766:Middle Ages 4594:irreligious 4586:Middle Ages 4567:eating pork 4472:infinitives 4101:Blagoevgrad 4096:Blagoevgrad 3959:2021 Census 3893:. Although 3880:death rates 3854:(142,902). 3846:(336,505), 3842:(346,893), 3654:ExoMars TGO 3607:greenhouses 3474:Sunny Beach 3417:countries. 3309:Yugozapaden 3230:high-income 3157:air defence 3126:land forces 3062:during the 3032:Warsaw Pact 2950:Targovishte 2833:Blagoevgrad 2803:centralised 2791:, singular 2608:Rumen Radev 2568:referendums 2502:Particulate 2483:Natura 2000 2437:and 30% of 2364:Continental 2304:alpine type 2027:World War I 2023:Balkan Wars 1904:. In 1877, 1902:Crimean War 1735:rump states 1662:Ivan Asen I 1634:the largest 1584:tax in kind 1412:South Slavs 1382:—the first 1290:agriculture 1253:Neanderthal 1049:irredentist 985:early Slavs 977:Macedonians 936:in Europe. 768: 0.799 459:Legislature 404:Rumen Radev 337:no religion 324:2.0% other 220: / 116:Mila Rodino 111:Мила Родино 21198:Categories 21024:Azerbaijan 20759:Mozambique 20754:Montenegro 20581:Seychelles 20521:Mauritania 20511:Madagascar 20501:Luxembourg 20406:Cape Verde 20088:See also: 20032:Luxembourg 19818:See also: 19753:Luxembourg 19611:Yugoslavia 19336:Golden Age 19247:Azerbaijan 19015:Azerbaijan 18571:San Marino 18531:Montenegro 18511:Luxembourg 18491:Kazakhstan 18396:Azerbaijan 18248:Literature 18104:(currency) 17993:Government 17710:): Ciela. 17582:B015X41JMA 17508:4 December 17484:4 December 17460:4 December 17436:4 December 17412:4 December 17388:4 December 17340:4 December 17316:4 December 17292:4 December 17220:4 December 17196:4 December 17172:4 December 17148:4 December 17124:13 October 17100:4 December 16904:(Report). 16737:4 December 16598:"Bulgaria" 16582:4 December 16520:ChicagoNow 16467:7 February 16376:"Bulgaria" 16075:B005ZI4OV8 15839:4 December 15291:4 December 14963:Lithuania. 14669:23 January 14320:2 November 14080:24 October 13227:28 October 12793:2 November 12009:10 October 11872:16 October 11776:"Bulgaria" 11621:www.nsi.bg 11274:2 November 11030:9 December 11004:9 December 10931:4 December 10896:Arms Sales 10878:13 January 10678:4 December 9482:15 October 9429:"Bulgaria" 9383:16 October 8976:Topography 8957:4 December 8942:"Bulgaria" 8723:16 January 8651:30 October 7831:20 October 7231:20 January 6228:4 December 5599:11 October 5441:References 5246:Ludogorets 5172:volleyball 5076:lyutenitsa 4998:Mira Aroyo 4994:electropop 4846:novels of 4842:, and the 4822:poetry of 4814:poetry of 4798:Ivan Vazov 4770:scriptures 4691:Martenitsa 4528:Alexandria 4468:noun cases 4266:Asenovgrad 4203:Pazardzhik 4198:Pazardzhik 3872:emigration 3856:Bulgarians 3797:Bulgarians 3626:algorithms 3368:corruption 3316:per capita 3206:and more. 3153:battalions 3142:mechanised 3138:reservists 2884:Pazardzhik 2863:Kyustendil 2687:April 2021 2577:serves as 2546:where the 2459:Partridges 2457:(32,326). 2449:(88,948), 2272:, and the 2047:immigrated 1824:Rum Millet 1781:Adrianople 1552:Bogomilism 1517:conversion 1428:Gothicised 1420:Hellenised 1371:in AD 45. 1325:metallurgy 1317:Bulgarians 1294:Copper Age 1166:Inner Asia 1118:, and the 1073:multiparty 743: 37.2 582:Population 380:Government 362:Demonym(s) 292:2.6% other 276:Bulgarians 226: ( 207:23°19′21″E 204:42°41′51″N 166:– in 21249:Republics 20744:Louisiana 20739:Lithuania 20684:Argentina 20677:Observers 20526:Mauritius 20156:Australia 20151:Argentina 20027:Lithuania 19748:Lithuania 19561:Lithuania 19534:Holocaust 19505:1920-1939 19450:1989-1992 19445:1945-1948 19425:1918-1938 19416:1867-1918 19411:1648-1867 19406:1526-1648 19351:1878-1946 19306:Holocaust 19251:Stone Age 19201:1880-1918 19196:1829-1878 19191:1502-1828 19186:1453-1829 19055:Lithuania 18734:Gibraltar 18683:Dependent 18506:Lithuania 18171:Languages 18161:Education 18130:Transport 18051:President 17983:Elections 17922:Provinces 17880:Geography 17474:Chapter 4 17426:Chapter 3 17398:"Climate" 17114:Chapter 1 17090:Chapter 1 16919:3 January 16689:9 October 16604:5 October 16263:4 October 16047:1747-678X 15005:1817-6127 13822:1742-3406 13749:1310-1331 13475:15 August 13266:(1/2007). 13247:ignored ( 13237:cite book 11384:4 October 11058:Routledge 10135:"Reuters" 9977:7 October 9021:9 October 7906:18 August 6814:20 August 6691:9 October 6660:18 August 6646:"Ulfilas" 6431:16 August 6417:"Balkans" 6310:cultures. 6264:4 October 6062:163062746 6038:Antiquity 5973:218592678 5903:218593433 5834:0047-2484 5791:Chen 2012 5728:Chen 2012 5562:9 October 5465:30 August 5372:Bŭlgariya 5366:romanized 5357:Bulgarian 5188:high jump 5164:wrestling 5087:, Rubin, 4964:in 1890. 4866:in 1981. 4836:Geo Milev 4820:Symbolist 4803:Bay Ganyo 4723:Sveshtari 4687:survakari 4663:Lesichovo 4603:(71.5%), 4601:Christian 4536:Jerusalem 4456:Bulgarian 4390:Education 4021:1,190,256 3899:equal pay 3740:from the 3688:in 2017. 3674:Beresheet 3650:Liulin-ML 3640:with the 3602:with its 3579:petascale 3482:Pamporovo 3402:chemicals 3248:" of the 3149:regiments 3134:air force 3084:Novo Selo 3056:Nicaragua 2858:Kardzhali 2742:civil law 2613:President 2575:president 2447:wild boar 2435:butterfly 2328:Belasitsa 2219:Geography 2148:Stalinist 2137:one-party 2077:Boris III 1968:Macedonia 1865:in 1774. 1839:Austrians 1816:blood tax 1812:Devshirme 1799:in 1396. 1548:Pechenegs 1457:cycle by 1424:Romanised 1416:democracy 1396:Byzantine 1337:Dionysian 1313:Thracians 1286:Neolithic 1225:Thracians 1138:The name 1134:Etymology 1077:democracy 991:, led by 965:Thracians 910:Black Sea 799:Time zone 682:(nominal) 524:from the 501:1185–1396 398:President 370:Bulgarian 326:Christian 300:Religion 245:Bulgarian 21204:Bulgaria 21037:Bulgaria 20930:Category 20886:TV5Monde 20810:Thailand 20779:Slovenia 20774:Slovakia 20441:Dominica 20436:Djibouti 20396:Cameroon 20391:Cambodia 20376:Bulgaria 20171:Bulgaria 20067:Slovenia 20062:Slovakia 20052:Portugal 19950:Bulgaria 19788:Slovenia 19783:Slovakia 19773:Portugal 19678:Bulgaria 19586:Slovakia 19377:Caucasus 19312:Bulgaria 19132:Abkhazia 19106:Abkhazia 19075:Slovakia 19025:Bulgaria 18941:Category 18926:Holy See 18876:Scotland 18846:Svalbard 18831:of 1921) 18767:Guernsey 18762:Alderney 18652:Abkhazia 18586:Slovenia 18581:Slovakia 18556:Portugal 18416:Bulgaria 18296:Category 18243:Language 18188:Religion 18097:Industry 17966:Politics 17952:Villages 17813:Bulgaria 17759:Bulgaria 17733:Bulgaria 17618:(1992). 17592:(2005). 17572:(2009). 17546:(2011). 17268:24 April 17072:6 August 17042:Bulgaria 16940:Archived 16910:Archived 16757:Novinite 16550:Novinite 16487:Novinite 16462:Novinite 16339:BBC News 16201:Archived 16012:Novinite 15813:. 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8005:Archived 8001:BBC News 7975:Archived 7900:Archived 7870:Archived 7866:Novinite 7825:Archived 7791:Archived 7740:Archived 7710:century. 7663:Archived 7624:Archived 7585:Archived 7563:(1876). 7536:Archived 7532:Novinite 7502:Archived 7464:Archived 7401:(1911). 7370:Archived 7225:Archived 7217:"Samuel" 7149:Archived 7098:Archived 7067:Archived 7037:Archived 6998:Archived 6959:Archived 6913:Archived 6763:Archived 6724:Archived 6685:Archived 6654:Archived 6624:Archived 6585:Archived 6546:Archived 6464:Archived 6425:Archived 6385:Archived 6346:Archived 6338:"Bulgar" 6297:Archived 6193:Archived 6151:Archived 6109:Archived 6066:Archived 6048:: 1015. 6011:Archived 5977:Archived 5965:32433609 5895:32393865 5842:28874274 5758:Archived 5707:Archived 5662:13 March 5627:Archived 5623:Eurostat 5593:Archived 5496:Archived 5361:България 5260:See also 5224:and the 5206:Football 5040:24 Chasa 4974:symphony 4871:frescoes 4790:Shishman 4778:Cyrillic 4727:Kazanlak 4675:samodiva 4544:dioceses 4482:Religion 4445:Language 4435:master's 4431:bachelor 4422:literacy 4339:Kazanlak 4334:Kazanlak 3997:Province 3977:Province 3799:(84.57%) 3730:Internet 3664:and the 3658:Variants 3642:Phobos 2 3620:and the 3600:in space 3575:Avitohol 3492:system. 3486:Borovets 3446:rose oil 3442:lavender 3145:brigades 3110:Military 3064:Cold War 2919:Silistra 2698:election 2560:citizens 2517:Politics 2463:gamebird 2373:Dobrudja 2342:and the 2289:Thracian 2203:and the 2164:Lyudmila 2081:the Axis 2075:by Tsar 2043:Monastir 1958:and the 1805:enserfed 1745:and the 1692:the pope 1684:Belgrade 1666:Peter IV 1650:Crusades 1644:against 1600:dioceses 1598:and its 1568:Basil II 1478:Asparukh 1450:Simeon I 1448:Emperor 1361:by Celts 1271:years BP 1140:Bulgaria 1021:Basil II 969:Persians 890:Bulgaria 784:Currency 488:681–1018 257:Cyrillic 21172:Ukraine 21114:Romania 21082:Moldova 21056:Georgia 21011:Armenia 20999:Albania 20900:Related 20849:Culture 20794:Uruguay 20789:Ukraine 20764:Ontario 20724:Ireland 20719:Hungary 20714:Georgia 20699:Croatia 20689:Austria 20606:Vietnam 20601:Vanuatu 20596:Tunisia 20576:Senegal 20556:Romania 20541:Morocco 20531:Moldova 20496:Lebanon 20421:Comoros 20386:Burundi 20366:Belgium 20361:Armenia 20356:Andorra 20351:Albania 20344:Members 20336:Members 20286:Uruguay 20271:Ukraine 20201:Germany 20191:Finland 20186:Ecuador 20161:Belgium 20057:Romania 20012:Ireland 20007:Hungary 19997:Germany 19987:Finland 19982:Estonia 19977:Denmark 19955:Croatia 19945:Belgium 19940:Austria 19882:Iceland 19778:Romania 19733:Ireland 19728:Hungary 19718:Germany 19708:Finland 19703:Estonia 19698:Denmark 19683:Croatia 19673:Belgium 19668:Austria 19655:of the 19606:Ukraine 19576:Romania 19566:Moldova 19551:Hungary 19546:Georgia 19456:Estonia 19282:Belarus 19277:Balkans 19137:Armenia 19125:History 19090:Ukraine 19065:Romania 19060:Moldova 19045:Hungary 19040:Georgia 19035:Estonia 19020:Belarus 19010:Armenia 18871:England 18814:Finland 18694:Denmark 18611:Ukraine 18561:Romania 18521:Moldova 18481:Ireland 18476:Iceland 18471:Hungary 18461:Germany 18456:Georgia 18446:Finland 18441:Estonia 18436:Denmark 18421:Croatia 18406:Belgium 18401:Belarus 18391:Austria 18386:Armenia 18381:Andorra 18376:Albania 18287:Outline 18233:Customs 18221:Cuisine 18198:Culture 18144:Society 18125:Tourism 18070:Economy 17917:Islands 17860:Tsardom 17822:History 17364:27 July 17244:27 July 16888:23 July 16869:22 July 16840:22 July 16811:22 July 16789:22 July 16763:22 July 16711:22 July 16663:22 July 16637:22 July 16530:30 July 16114:28 July 15874:20 July 15817:28 July 15783:28 July 15761:3 March 15706:28 July 15555:28 July 15525:28 July 15495:3 March 15321:28 July 14912:15 July 14879:15 July 14776:8 April 14740:8 April 14509:3 March 14441:8 April 14412:8 April 14172:28 July 14146:15 June 14110:15 June 14070:Reuters 14037:28 July 13880:15 July 13716:28 July 13677:3 March 13634:3 March 13574:Bibcode 13549:15 July 13519:3 March 13449:15 July 13401:15 July 13374:15 July 13348:15 July 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March 8406:3 March 8316:3 March 8253:3 March 8183:28 July 8120:3 March 8078:3 March 7797:3 March 7746:3 March 7669:3 March 7630:3 March 7591:3 March 7470:3 March 7411:(ed.). 7376:27 July 7193:194–195 7155:28 July 7104:28 July 7073:28 July 7043:3 March 6919:3 March 6769:3 March 6730:3 March 6630:3 March 6591:3 March 6552:3 March 6470:3 March 6391:3 March 6352:28 July 6303:3 March 6199:3 March 6157:3 March 6115:3 March 6072:28 July 6017:3 March 5937:Bibcode 5865:Bibcode 5814:Bibcode 5764:3 March 5713:3 March 5368:: 5145:gymnast 5132:at the 5080:kozunak 5068:banitsa 5064:lukanka 5033:Dnevnik 4919:gadulka 4911:Christo 4832:Marxist 4758:Preslav 4743:Nesebar 4637:in 2019 4631:Plovdiv 4611:Culture 4582:Judaism 4550:Muslims 4532:Antioch 4343:41,768 4309:44,786 4305:Gabrovo 4300:Gabrovo 4289:Dobrich 4284:Dobrich 4275:45,474 4271:Plovdiv 4241:49,569 4207:55,220 4191:121,582 4173:59,166 4157:123,134 4139:60,641 4123:188,242 4105:62,810 4089:311,093 4071:64,564 4067:Haskovo 4062:Haskovo 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