1793:
issues, and approaches to creating meaningful change in communities. Professors Carew E. Boulding and Jami Nelson-NĂșñez assert that civil society organizations are beneficial in that citizens are more inclined to participate politically when they can act collectively and develop associative solidarities with others around shared policy preferences. Other scholars, however, note that there are some drawbacks of civil society organizations as it pertains to political participation and policy processes. Professor Thomas
Carothers have explained that, because civil society organizations have such an influential role in political participation, the proliferation of these organizations has made it increasingly difficult for governments to meet both the widening range of policy preferences and rapidly changing social needs. The scholar David Rieff discusses another issue tied to civil society and political participation: single-issue activism. Since most civil society organizations focus on one sector or societal issue, this sometimes causes voters to shift their attention away from the multifaceted broad issues facing society, such as the challenges of globalization, and instead the focus of elections becomes centered on a few specific hot-button topics, such as abortion.
3465:
powerful society. In Locke's view, human beings led also an unpeaceful life in the state of nature. However, it could be maintained at the sub-optimal level in the absence of a sufficient system (Brown 2001:73). From that major concern, people gathered together to sign a contract and constituted a common public authority. Nevertheless, Locke held that the consolidation of political power can be turned into autocracy, if it is not brought under reliable restrictions (Kaviraj 2001:291). Therefore, Locke set forth two treaties on government with reciprocal obligations. In the first treaty, people submit themselves to the common public authority. This authority has the power to enact and maintain laws. The second treaty contains the limitations of authority, i. e., the state has no power to threaten the basic rights of human beings. As far as Locke was concerned, the basic rights of human beings are the preservation of life, liberty and property. Moreover, he held that the state must operate within the bounds of civil and natural laws.
3881:
capitalist society, there are some institutions that were part of political society. Transformations in economy brought transformations to the public sphere. Though these transformations happen, a civil society develops into political society when it emerges as non-economic and has a populous aspect, and when the state is not represented by just one political party. There needs to be a locus of authority, and this is where society can begin to challenge authority. Jillian
Schwedler points out that civil society emerges with the resurrection of the public sphere when individuals and groups begin to challenge boundaries of permissible behaviour â for example, by speaking out against the regime or demanding a government response to social needs â civil society begins to take shape.
3374:. The political discourse in the classical period, places importance on the idea of a âgood societyâ in ensuring peace and order among the people. The philosophers in the classical period did not make any distinction between the state and society. Rather they held that the state represented the civil form of society and âcivilityâ represented the requirement of good citizenship. Moreover, they held that human beings are inherently rational so that they can collectively shape the nature of the society they belong to. In addition, human beings have the capacity to voluntarily gather for the common cause and maintain peace in society. By holding this view, we can say that classical political thinkers endorsed the genesis of civil society in its original sense.
1784:
helping it fuel social causes while constraining the un-democratic consolidation of power. Others, such as David Rieff, point out that the U.S. government is more financially equipped to work on social causes than civil societies like NGOs, who prove inadequate due to their lack of relative strength. Research by
Harvard professor Theda Skocpol indicates that though civil societies have brought more democracy to America, the shift from large unions and organizations to smaller movements targeting specific political issues is less likely to spurn large-scale participation in democracy. Galston and Levine state these new civil societies have proved to be less likely to engage in the political process and more likely to bring social activism.
1797:
demonstrated greater âpolitical sophistication, social trust, political participation, and âsubjective civic competenceââ than those not involved in these organizations. Similarly, Dr. Sheri Berman found that the NSDAP (Nazi Party) civil society organization leveraged strong civil society networks among the middle class together for the purpose of mobilizing for political participation in
Germany. The powerful influence of these efforts is evidenced by the NSDAP becoming the most potent political force in the nation in the mid-1900s. These case studies provide evidence of the crucial role of social networks in facilitating political participation and civic engagement.
3801:
1752:
of collective action; individuals with dense social networks are more likely to credibly commit to other members of society and leverage their social capital to build public goods. In turn, countries with strong civil societies are more likely to succeed as democracies. Some scholars have built on Putnamâs claim and argued that the participation of a specific type of civil society organizationânon-political organizations rooted in quotidian relationshipsâin the democratic transition process is what drives successful democratic transitions. Gianfranco Poggi argues this as well, saying that interpersonal trust is needed if republican society is to be maintained.
3780:
bourgeois class (consider also that suffrage only belonged, then, to propertied men). Marx, in his early writings, anticipated the abolition of the separation between state and civil society, and looked forward to the reunification of private and public/political realms (Colletti, 1975). Hence, Marx rejected the positive role of state put forth by Hegel. Marx argued that the state cannot be a neutral problem solver. Rather, he depicted the state as the defender of the interests of the bourgeoisie. He considered the state to be the executive arm of the bourgeoisie, which would wither away once the working class took democratic control of society.
3469:
they did not hold that civil society was a separate realm from the state. Rather, they underlined the co-existence of the state and civil society. The systematic approaches of Hobbes and Locke (in their analysis of social relations) were largely influenced by the experiences in their period. Their attempts to explain human nature, natural laws, the social contract and the formation of government had challenged the divine right theory. In contrast to divine right, Hobbes and Locke claimed that humans can design their political order. This idea had a great impact on the thinkers in the
Enlightenment period.
3787:(Edwards 2004:10). Departing somewhat from Marx, Gramsci did not consider civil society as a realm of private and alienated relationships. Rather, Gramsci viewed civil society as the vehicle for bourgeois hegemony, when it just represents a particular class. He underlined the crucial role of civil society as the contributor of the cultural and ideological capital required for the survival of the hegemony of capitalism. Rather than posing it as a problem, as in earlier Marxist conceptions, Gramsci viewed civil society as the site for problem-solving. Misunderstanding Gramsci, the
1817:, which he illustrates through how South Korea's great economic success was built without a strong civil society, which only appeared after economic growth had more than took off, as well as how Bangladesh, with an incredibly rich civil society, has largely failed to grow its economy, remaining one of the poorest countries in the world. Going even further, Carothers also points out how too much civil society, at least in certain sectors, can lead to harmful economic impacts, citing how some economists believe labor unions in Latin America have restricted economic growth.
1524:
1744:
interests to further develop democratic ideals, which in turn can lead to a more democratic state. Membership in these kinds of associations serves as a source of information which reduces the barriers to collective action. These groups then affect policy by putting pressure on governments. This implies that civil society serves to balance the power of the state. The statutes of these political organizations have been considered micro-constitutions because they accustom participants to the formalities of democratic decision making.
3413:. The Treaty endorsed states as territorially-based political units having sovereignty. As a result, the monarchs were able to exert domestic control by circumventing the feudal lords by raising their own armed troops. Henceforth, monarchs could form national armies and deploy a professional bureaucracy and fiscal departments, which enabled them to maintain direct control and authority over their subjects. In order to meet administrative expenditures, monarchs exerted greater control over the economy. This gave birth to
3773:
that members are able to make in relation to the type of work they will do. The diverse positions in Civil
Society fall into three estates: the substantial estate (agriculture), the formal estate (trade and industry), and the universal estate (civil society). A man is able to choose his estate, though his choice is limited by the aforementioned inequalities. However, Hegel argues that these inequalities enable all estates in Civil Society to be filled, which leads to a more efficient system on the whole.
651:
3760:) as a separate realm, a "system of needs", that is the, " difference which intervenes between the family and the state". Civil society is the realm of economic relationships as it exists in the modern industrial capitalist society, for it had emerged at the particular period of capitalism and served its interests: individual rights and private property. Hence, he used the German term "bĂŒrgerliche Gesellschaft" to denote civil society as "civilian society" â a sphere regulated by the
1869:
3273:
589:
3429:, the reasons behind absolutism, and how to move beyond absolutism. The Enlightenment thinkers believed in the power of the human mind to reason. They opposed the alliance between the state and the Church as the enemy of human progress and well-being because the coercive apparatus of the state curbed individual liberty and the Church legitimated monarchs by positing the theory of divine origin. Therefore, both were deemed to be against the will of the people.
3454:, there was a condition of a war of all against all. In such a situation, life was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short" (Ibid: 25). Upon realizing the danger of anarchy, human beings became aware of the need of a mechanism to protect them. As far as Hobbes was concerned, rationality and self-interests persuaded human beings to combine in agreement, to surrender sovereignty to a common power (Kaviraj 2001:289). Hobbes called this common power, state,
1478:
1466:
3895:
1776:
survey data collected by
Kenneth Newton, there is little evidence that social and political trust overlap, which renders the relationship between the strength of civil society and democracy obsolete. Indeed, as Larry Diamond asserts, in order to understand the multitude of ways civil society can serve democracy, it is also necessary to understand the tensions and contradictions civil society generates for democracy.
1768:
separation of German society into individual social groups meant they were incredibly vulnerable to nationalist ideals. Nazis infiltrated these discontent groups where they eventually became the backbone and foundation for the party and its propaganda. As a result, the Nazi party transformed itself from a place of political irrelevancy to the largest party in the German
Reichstag after the
1884:, and to the sources of resistance thereto, because it is seen as acting beyond boundaries and across different territories. However, as civil society can, under many definitions, include and be funded and directed by those businesses and institutions (especially donors linked to European and Northern states) who support
3864:
became treated as a key terrain of strategic action to construct âan alternative social and world order.â Post-modern civil society theory has now largely returned to a more neutral stance, but with marked differences between the study of the phenomena in richer societies and writing on civil society
3791:
assigned civil society a key role in defending people against the state and the market and in asserting the democratic will to influence the state. At the same time, neo-liberal thinkers consider civil society as a site for struggle to subvert
Communist and authoritarian regimes. Thus, the term civil
3468:
Both Hobbes and Locke had set forth a system, in which peaceful coexistence among human beings could be ensured through social pacts or contracts. They considered civil society as a community that maintained civil life, the realm where civic virtues and rights were derived from natural laws. However,
3464:
had a similar concept to Hobbes about the political condition in
England. It was the period of the Glorious Revolution, marked by the struggle between the divine right of the Crown and the political rights of Parliament. This influenced Locke to forge a social contract theory of a limited state and a
3440:
theory that contested social relations existing in accordance with human nature. They held that human nature can be understood by analyzing objective realities and natural law conditions. Thus they endorsed that the nature of human beings should be encompassed by the contours of state and established
3424:
period. As a natural consequence of Renaissance, Humanism, and the scientific revolution, the Enlightenment thinkers raised fundamental questions such as "What legitimacy does heredity confer?", "Why are governments instituted?", "Why do some human beings have more basic rights than others?", and so
1783:
In modern America, Yuval Levin writes that civil societies are considered to be a gateway between the U.S. government and citizens Some state that civil societies help maintain individual freedoms as a check to the U.S. governmentâs power, while others see its role as upholding the stateâs efforts by
3331:
in the 18th century. However, it has much older history in the realm of political thought. Generally, civil society has been referred to as a political association governing social conflict through the imposition of rules that restrain citizens from harming one another. In the classical period, the
1805:
A strong civil society is often considered to be important for economic growth, with reasoning being that it can give important input on economic decisions, facilitate private enterprise and entrepreneurship, and prevent the state from stifling the economy. For example, labor leaders can ensure that
1767:
in Germany. The Weimar Republicâs failure to address the ravages of economic depression, and domestic struggles, led to the creation of a multitude of German civil societies. A defining and arguable fatal flaw of these groups was they reinforced societal conflicts and differences among Germans. This
1751:
has argued that even non-political organizations in civil society are vital for democracy because they build social capital, trust, and shared values within a society. Social capital, as defined as the social networks and norms of reciprocity associated with them, can help societies resolve dilemmas
3772:
as well. For Hegel, civil society manifested contradictory forces. Being the realm of capitalist interests, there is a possibility of conflicts and inequalities within it (ex: mental and physical aptitude, talents and financial circumstances). He argued that these inequalities influence the choices
1779:
In the United States, Tocqueville states that the tendency to form associations that would manifest into civil societies has propelled its success as a democratic government. Putnam argues that the strength of civil societies in the U.S. have historically brought more social trust and more social
1796:
There is a considerable amount of data supporting the notion that civil society organizations significantly increase political participation. Dr. Robert Putnam conducted a study of civil society in Italy in the mid-1900s, and observed that those who were engaged with civil society organizations
1775:
Even in well-established democracies, the proliferation of special interest groupsâwhich signal a strong civil societyâcan potentially impede the functioning of representative institutions and distort policy outcomes in favor of the wealthy, well-connected, or well-organized. Moreover, based on
1743:
They argued that the political element of political organizations facilitates better awareness and a more informed citizenry, who make better voting choices, participate in politics, and hold government more accountable as a result. Civil society acts as a forum for people with common goals and
3847:
of the 1990s, which involved conditioned loans by the World Bank and IMF to debt-laden developing states, also created pressures for states in poorer countries to shrink. This in turn led to practical changes for civil society that went on to influence the theoretical debate. Initially the new
3779:
followed the Hegelian way of using the concept of civil society. For Marx, the emergence of the modern state created a realm of civil society that reduced society to private interests competing against each other. Political society was autonomized into the state, which was in turn ruled by the
1792:
Civil society organizations provide citizens with knowledge crucial to political participation, such as the obligations and rights of citizens with regard to government processes, different types of political issues and policy agendas, ways in which citizens can collaborate to address societal
3880:
encourages rational will-formation; it is a sphere of rational and democratic social interaction. Habermas analyzes civil society as a sphere of "commodity exchange and social labor" and public sphere as a part of political realm. Habermas argues that even though society was representative of
3855:
and the transition of many countries to democracy; instead, civil society was increasingly called on to justify its legitimacy and democratic credentials. This led to the creation by the UN of a high level panel on civil society. However, in the 1990s with the emergence of the nongovernmental
1913:
Civil societies also have become involved in the environmental policy making process. These groups impact environmental policies by setting an agenda on fixing the harm done to the environment. They also get the public informed about environmental issues, which increases the public demand for
1809:
Essentially, civil society creates social capital, which the World Bank defines as "the institutions, relationships, and norms that shape the quality and quantity of a society's social interactions". With higher social capital comes a greater amount of social interdependence, which increases
3480:
argued that people are peace lovers and that wars are the creation of absolute regimes (Burchill 2001:33). As far as Kant was concerned, this system was effective to guard against the domination of a single interest and check the tyranny of the majority (Alagappa 2004:30).
1681:
as late as in the 1990s employed it to denote the sphere of civic associations threatened by the intrusive holistic state-dominated regimes of Communist Eastern Europe. The first post-modern usage of civil society as denoting political opposition stems from writings of
6755:
3344:, the ideal state was a just society in which people dedicate themselves to the common good, practice civic virtues of wisdom, courage, moderation and justice, and perform the occupational role to which they were best suited. It was the duty of the â
6493:, (2010), for a summary of Marx's thought on the State and an introduction to Marxist thought on the state up until 1917. For a detailed discussion of Marx's thought on the state and civil society see Draper, 1977 & 1986 (Volumes 1 and 2)
3314:
From a historical perspective, the actual meaning of the concept of civil society has changed twice from its original, classical form. The first change occurred after the French Revolution, the second during the fall of communism in Europe.
1772:. Contrary to Putnamâs argument, in this instance, a dense civil society network had damaged democracy. The Nazi Party exploited the societal organization of Germany ultimately leading to the fall of the nation's first ever republic.
1554:
is used in the sense of 1) the aggregate of non-governmental organizations and institutions that advance the interests and will of citizens or 2) individuals and organizations in a society which are independent of the government.
3449:
underlined the need of a powerful state to maintain civility in society. For Hobbes, human beings are motivated by self-interests (Graham 1997:23). Moreover, these self-interests are often contradictory in nature. Therefore, in
3816:
It is commonly believed that the post-modern way of understanding civil society was first developed by political opposition in the former Soviet bloc East European countries in the 1980s. However, research shows that communist
1677:) of a feudal elite of land-holders as opposed to the powers exercised by the prince. It had a long history in state theory, and was revived with particular force in recent times, in Eastern Europe, where dissidents such as
6746:
1892:. Some studies have also been published, which deal with unresolved issues regarding the use of the term in connection with the impact and conceptual power of the international aid system (see for example Tvedt 1998).
1810:
productivity and economic growth. For example, one study found that high school drop out rates in areas within the United States with better social networks were lower than in areas with weaker social networks.
3848:
conditionality led to an even greater emphasis on "civil society" as a panacea, replacing the state's service provision and social care, Hulme and Edwards suggested that it was now seen as "the magic bullet".
3340:â, a form of rational dialogue to uncover truth. According to Socrates, public argument through âdialecticâ was imperative to ensure âcivilityâ in the polis and âgood lifeâ of the people. For
1780:
capital for citizens. Others state that a dependence on civil societies can lead citizens to question the effectiveness of the U.S. government and can create instability by dividing society.
3749:, Hegel distinguished political state and civil society, what was followed by Tocqueville's distinction between civil and political societies and associations, repeated by Marx and Tönnies.
6877:
5771:
3843:. Henceforth, postmodern usage of the idea of civil society became divided into two main ones: as political society and as the third sector â apart from plethora of definitions. The
5243:
5212:
6875:
Requier-Desjardins Mélanie & Bied-Charreton Marc, 2007. Science and Civil Society in the fight against desertification. Les dossiers thématiques du CSFD. Issue 6. 40 pp.
1888:, this is a contested use. Rapid development of civil society on the global scale after the fall of the communist system was a part of neo-liberal strategies linked to the
1806:
economic growth benefits working people, faith leaders can advocate for greater inclusion in economic affairs, NGOs can flag and document harmful business practices, etc.
3432:
Strongly influenced by the atrocities of Thirty Years' War, the political philosophers of the time held that social relations should be ordered in a different way from
5919:
6240:
Dodge, Jennifer (5 June 2014). "Civil society organizations and deliberative policy making: interpreting environmental controversies in the deliberative system".
6174:
6621:
4927:
4338:
3472:
The Enlightenment thinkers argued that human beings are rational and can shape their destiny. Hence, no need of an absolute authority to control them. Both
6552:
6101:
The 25th Anniversary of Constitutional Economics: The Russian Model and Legal Reform in Russia, in The World Rule of Law Movement and Russian Legal Reform
4709:
5818:
4139:
3713:
5595:
6764:
4673:
1813:
Some, like Thomas Carothers, somewhat dispute this narrative. He argues that although civil society is beneficial toward economic growth, it is not
5533:
5071:
4979:
5740:
3301:
1856:. Also, the availability of an effective court system, to be used by the civil society in situations of unfair government spending and executive
1562:
is used in the more general sense of "the elements such as freedom of speech, an independent judiciary, etc, that make up a democratic society" (
6874:
4528:
3385:, the concept of classical civil society practically disappeared from mainstream discussion. Instead conversation was dominated by problems of
3825:
transformation in 1989. According to theory of restructurization of welfare systems, a new way of using the concept of civil society became a
1673:. With the rise of a distinction between monarchical autonomy and public law, the term then gained currency to denote the corporate estates (
6489:
5763:
5619:
6382:
5235:
3352:
thought the polis was an âassociation of associationsâ that enables citizens to share in the virtuous task of ruling and being ruled. His
6103:
1508:
1440:
6824:
6327:
5345:
5002:
4498:
1759:
points out, civil societies do not necessarily form for worthy reasons nor do they necessarily promote democratic values. For example,
617:
3804:
After decades of forbidden national days, on the 15th of March, 1989, the communist regime of Hungary allowed people to celebrate the
5956:
3808:. Parallel with the state celebration at the National Museum, independent organisations called the public to gather at the statue of
1907:
5204:
1836:
which describes and analyzes the specific interrelationships between constitutional issues and functioning of the economy including
1763:
argued that civil society organizations can actually be used to mobilize people against democracy. This was evident in fall of the
1712:
4901:
6722:
4279:
2858:
5986:
3836:. The recent development of the third sector is a result of this welfare systems restructuring, rather than of democratization.
6141:
3706:
2002:
6530:
6777:
6646:(Volume 1: State and Bureaucracy, Volume 2: The Politics of Social Classes). New York: Monthly Review Press, 1977 & 1986.
5812:
3009:
2949:
5644:
3082:
6679:
4951:
3425:
on. These questions led them to make certain assumptions about the nature of the human mind, the sources of political and
2999:
1903:
values, which inevitably led to a larger role for civil society at the expense of politically derived state institutions.
6890:
6818:
6374:
6019:
3294:
3152:
2778:
2469:
6856:
6198:
5911:
4898:
1636:) (often translated as human flourishing or common well-being), in as man was defined as a âpolitical (social) animalâ (
4363:
3821:
had the most important influence on the development and popularization of the idea instead, in an effort to legitimize
3169:
2979:
2439:
6844:
6172:
6807:
6711:
6696:
6633:
6601:
6358:
6321:
5035:
4963:
4756:
3938:
3699:
3259:
2724:
2509:
1860:
of any previously authorized appropriations, becomes a key element for the success of any influential civil society.
1857:
1769:
485:
3920:
6793:
5888:
5178:
4828:
3127:
2798:
91:
6078:
5702:
5461:
5114:
5049:
4875:
4474:
3039:
4388:
3381:
saw major changes in the topics discussed by political philosophers. Due to the unique political arrangements of
1687:
1657:). It re-entered into Western political discourse following one of the late medieval translations of Aristotle's
1501:
4706:
3332:
concept was used as a synonym for the good society, and seen as indistinguishable from the state. For instance,
6752:
NGOs, Civil Society and the State: Avoiding theoretical extremes in real world issues,' Development in Practice
6615:
6379:
4019:
3905:
3287:
2133:
1568:). Especially in the discussions among thinkers of Eastern and Central Europe, civil society is seen also as a
610:
480:
258:
106:
4735:
Almond, G., & Verba, S.; 'The Civic Culture: Political Attitudes And Democracy In Five Nations; 1989; Sage
3054:
6672:
4413:
4007:
3726:
3593:
2424:
839:
495:
3034:
1101:
5591:
4433:
4234:
4174:
4040:
3805:
3638:
3249:
3212:
3132:
3092:
2994:
2989:
244:
76:
47:
6917:
4688:
3852:
2984:
1450:
670:
660:
548:
5525:
6171:, Gawin, Dariusz & Glinski, Piotr : "Civil Society in the Making," IFiS Publishers, Warszawa 2006
4952:
Robert D. Putnam, Robert Leonardi, Raffaella Y. Nanetti; Robert Leonardi; Raffaella Y. Nanetti (1994).
4224:
4119:
3800:
3087:
2788:
2459:
1849:
1564:
1494:
1444:
974:
964:
81:
52:
5728:
5556:
6428:
Dhanagare, D.N. (September 2001). "Civil Society, State and Democracy: Contextualising a Discourse".
4520:
3097:
3064:
2964:
2959:
2629:
2246:
854:
603:
208:
5577:
6865:
4154:
4025:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3014:
2589:
1992:
1825:
1423:
1161:
1116:
969:
738:
682:
323:
213:
4995:"Organizations, Resistance, and Democracy: How Civil Society Organizations Impact Democratization"
4674:"Tocqueville on Civilian Society. A Romantic Vision of the Dichotomic Structure of Social Reality"
3792:
society occupies an important place in the political discourses of the New Left and neo-liberals.
2369:
1176:
6922:
6668:
4249:
4013:
3997:
3982:
3966:
3916:
3742:
3520:
3455:
3410:
3324:
3147:
3137:
3102:
2818:
2464:
2055:
1967:
1126:
934:
924:
884:
874:
781:
704:
253:
6761:
Tocqueville on Civilian Society: A Romantic Vision of the Dichotomic Structure of Social Reality
5616:
3613:
6912:
6850:
6119:
Mann, Michael; 1984; "The Autonomous Power of The State: Its Origins, Mechanisms and Results";
5564:
4030:
3987:
3157:
3142:
2674:
2609:
2158:
2148:
2085:
1703:
1296:
1141:
879:
819:
776:
723:
490:
432:
378:
6100:
2271:
6311:
4060:
4045:
3765:
3628:
3473:
3202:
3024:
2838:
2719:
2331:
2311:
2221:
2065:
1947:
1721:
1430:
1111:
1086:
1071:
929:
869:
849:
844:
310:
143:
4994:
4490:
4343:
4323:
4293:
4264:
3977:
3857:
3844:
3421:
3402:
3328:
3187:
2929:
2868:
2231:
2153:
2060:
2027:
1900:
1889:
1582:
1181:
1003:
954:
919:
859:
824:
728:
718:
665:
420:
291:
281:
266:
193:
111:
5948:
1729:
8:
6682:
Multistakeholder Processes for Governance and Sustainability:Beyond Deadlock and Conflict
4719:
4199:
3971:
3661:
3406:
3162:
3107:
3029:
2939:
2828:
2341:
2123:
2113:
2108:
1997:
1852:
to the civil society, are of the primary guiding importance to the implementation of the
1755:
Others, however, have questioned the link between civil society and robust democracy. As
1407:
1216:
1038:
979:
904:
894:
864:
791:
699:
532:
442:
296:
198:
148:
86:
3851:
By the end of the 1990s civil society was seen less as a panacea amid the growth of the
3839:
From that time stems a political practice of using the idea of civil society instead of
1523:
1076:
6927:
6453:
6445:
6257:
6070:
6062:
5880:
5872:
5694:
5504:
5453:
5396:
5337:
5290:
5170:
5162:
5106:
5065:
4973:
4867:
4820:
4812:
4438:
4269:
3912:
3809:
3603:
3336:
taught that conflicts within society should be resolved through public argument using â
3243:
3217:
3059:
3049:
3019:
2974:
2919:
2905:
2768:
2709:
2484:
2399:
2118:
1618:
1435:
1391:
1196:
1033:
1028:
1008:
959:
899:
889:
834:
829:
801:
796:
766:
634:
570:
163:
6664:
4368:
3951:
Civil society organizations, also known as civic organizations, include among others:
3873:
6773:
6707:
6692:
6629:
6611:
6597:
6546:
6457:
6354:
6317:
6261:
6133:
5978:
5884:
5864:
5808:
5732:
5686:
5508:
5400:
5388:
5341:
5329:
5282:
5174:
5041:
5031:
4959:
4953:
4919:
4804:
4762:
4752:
4408:
4373:
4254:
4219:
4184:
4164:
4159:
4124:
4035:
3746:
3493:
3414:
3254:
3227:
3004:
2944:
2924:
2808:
2579:
2489:
2241:
2138:
1926:
1841:
1833:
1683:
1326:
1301:
1211:
1091:
1048:
984:
949:
939:
771:
733:
689:
565:
239:
101:
96:
57:
30:
6729:
Building a Civil Society: Associations, Public Life, and the Origins of Modern Italy
6074:
5414:
4824:
2524:
1982:
1251:
6437:
6249:
6054:
5856:
5800:
5678:
5496:
5445:
5380:
5321:
5274:
5236:"Bowling for Adolf: How social capital helped to destroy Germany's first democracy"
5154:
5098:
4909:
4859:
4796:
4423:
4353:
4274:
4144:
4094:
4089:
3861:
3676:
3666:
3623:
3588:
3568:
3501:
3345:
3237:
3197:
2914:
2748:
2654:
2554:
2539:
2449:
2379:
2286:
2281:
2256:
2163:
2143:
2128:
1987:
1756:
1748:
1376:
1321:
1306:
1291:
1276:
1206:
1186:
1166:
1121:
994:
944:
914:
909:
515:
271:
125:
2569:
2479:
1256:
6881:
6869:
6857:
Stakeholder Forum for a Sustainable Future engagement in UN stakeholder relations
6802:
6797:
6386:
6178:
6107:
5636:
5623:
4713:
4478:
4383:
4313:
4209:
4129:
4074:
3784:
3753:
3688:
3608:
3583:
3558:
3535:
3525:
3451:
3437:
3426:
3277:
2969:
2954:
2594:
2474:
2434:
2409:
2389:
2336:
2321:
2173:
2168:
2037:
2032:
2022:
1977:
1952:
1764:
1470:
1381:
1346:
1311:
1246:
1171:
1156:
1043:
1018:
1013:
989:
761:
756:
593:
575:
400:
385:
2374:
2201:
1678:
6838:
6169:
Global Non-governmental Administrative System: Geosociology of the Third Sector
4428:
4403:
4358:
4348:
4298:
4244:
4239:
4134:
3961:
3840:
3826:
3822:
3643:
3633:
3618:
3598:
3578:
3530:
3207:
2934:
2900:
2699:
2689:
2644:
2604:
2599:
2544:
2534:
2529:
2514:
2444:
2429:
2414:
2404:
2316:
2216:
2206:
2196:
1910:(DESA), facilitates interactions between civil society organizations and DESA.
1837:
1740:, who identified the role of political culture in a democratic order as vital.
1733:
1717:
1699:
1662:
1547:
1401:
1386:
1351:
1336:
1316:
1286:
1106:
1023:
713:
709:
471:
390:
344:
286:
6828:
6253:
6011:
5309:
4914:
2499:
1136:
6906:
6441:
6402:
6190:
5868:
5736:
5690:
5392:
5333:
5325:
5286:
5045:
4923:
4808:
4766:
4418:
4398:
4333:
4308:
4179:
4114:
4050:
3877:
3833:
3671:
3573:
3477:
3446:
3044:
2878:
2848:
2758:
2664:
2659:
2634:
2614:
2454:
2326:
2301:
2276:
2261:
2251:
2236:
2191:
1933:
1896:
1885:
1881:
1707:
1366:
1356:
1331:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1241:
1231:
1201:
1191:
1096:
999:
373:
348:
178:
20:
4653:
Neoliberalizm i spoleczenstwo obywatelskie (Neoliberalism and Civil Society)
650:
6110:", edited by Francis Neate and Holly Nielsen, Justitsinform, Moscow (2007).
5368:
5234:
VoigtlÀnder, Nico; Voth, Hans-Joachim; Satyanath, Shanker (5 August 2013).
4443:
4393:
4328:
4303:
4214:
4204:
4189:
4109:
3738:
3563:
3442:
3417:. Until the mid-eighteenth century, absolutism was the hallmark of Europe.
2714:
2694:
2679:
2639:
2624:
2584:
2519:
2504:
2394:
2296:
1962:
1906:
The integrated Civil Society Organizations (iCSO) System, developed by the
1760:
1737:
1482:
1396:
1341:
1236:
1226:
1221:
1146:
694:
158:
6896:
5793:
Putnam, Robert D.; Leonardi, Robert; Nonetti, Raffaella Y. (27 May 1994).
5384:
4800:
6484:
5860:
5500:
5158:
4378:
4318:
4229:
4104:
4055:
3992:
3734:
3729:
completely changed the meaning of civil society, giving rise to a modern
3433:
3390:
3378:
3192:
2729:
2669:
2619:
2564:
2359:
2291:
2017:
2012:
1853:
1371:
1361:
1151:
786:
462:
427:
330:
318:
183:
6790:
6449:
5876:
5844:
5794:
5166:
5142:
4816:
4784:
3272:
588:
6639:
6418:, appearing in Polity, Vol. 12, No. 4 (Summer 1980), pp. 622â46. p. 623
6066:
6042:
5804:
5698:
5670:
5484:
5457:
5437:
5294:
5110:
5086:
4871:
4851:
4785:"Civil Society and Support for the Political System in Times of Crisis"
4468:
4002:
3818:
3761:
3730:
3461:
3232:
3222:
2684:
2649:
2574:
2559:
2494:
2419:
2364:
2266:
2211:
2090:
2075:
1623:
1609:
1539:
1281:
1081:
552:
542:
537:
276:
138:
6704:
Shaping Globalization â Civil Society, Cultural Power and Threefolding
1732:. They were developed in significant ways by 20th century researchers
6845:
One World Trust Database of Civil Society Self-regulatory Initiatives
5266:
5025:
4746:
4259:
4194:
4169:
4149:
4084:
3832:
legitimizing development of the third sector as a substitute for the
3776:
3769:
3553:
3382:
3360:
3349:
3337:
2704:
2384:
2080:
1972:
1868:
1840:. The term "constitutional economics" was used by American economist
1829:
1725:
1587:
1569:
1131:
1062:
642:
437:
335:
218:
173:
153:
5682:
5449:
5278:
5205:"Revisiting "Civil Society And The Collapse Of The Weimar Republic""
5102:
4863:
3923:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
6851:
Wiser.org â World Index for Social and Environmental Responsibility
6058:
4521:"Civil society definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary"
4079:
3956:
3829:
3788:
3386:
3354:
3333:
2549:
2306:
2070:
2007:
1650:
1543:
560:
520:
203:
188:
168:
37:
6565:
Habermas, J. (1974). The public sphere: an encyclopaedia article.
6474:, edited by Allen W. Wood (Cambridge University Press, 1991), §202
3327:
understanding is usually connected to the early-modern thought of
4605:
The Politics of Philosophy: A Commentary on Aristotle's Politics,
1880:
to the domain of social life which needs to be protected against
1698:
The literature on relations between civil society and democratic
1535:
475:
133:
6886:
6736:
Angels of Mercy or Development Diplomats. NGOs & Foreign Aid
4099:
3764:. This new way of thinking about civil society was followed by
3371:
2226:
1845:
1646:
1465:
525:
467:
365:
6717:
Pollock, Graham. "Civil Society Theory and Euro-Nationalism,"
6678:
Hemmati, Minu. Dodds, Felix. Enayati, Jasmin. and McHarry,Jan
16:
Third sector of society, distinct from government and business
6220:
5027:
Making democracy work : civic traditions in modern Italy
4631:
The Politics of Civil Society: Neoliberalism Or Social Left?,
4592:
The Political Paul: Democracy and Kingship in Paul's Thought,
3341:
1637:
1627:
1599:
6743:
Let's get civil society straight: NGOs and Political Theory,
6197:. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs.
5943:
5941:
5939:
5937:
3436:
conditions. Some of their attempts led to the emergence of
6191:"The integrated Civil Society Organizations (iCSO) System"
6833:
6813:
6351:
State and Civil Society: Explorations in Political Theory
4896:
3752:
Unlike his predecessors, Hegel considered civil society (
6012:"Civil Society, Social Capital and Economic Development"
5934:
5233:
4778:
4776:
4491:"Civil society â Define Civil society at Dictionary.com"
3737:-political society as opposed to institutions of modern
3420:
The absolutist concept of the state was disputed in the
6658:
Italy and Its Discontents: Family, Civil Society, State
6134:"NGOs NGO civil society partnerships UN United Nations"
5845:"Civil Society and the Collapse of the Weimar Republic"
5764:"Civil society: An essential ingredient of development"
5485:"Civil Society and the Collapse of the Weimar Republic"
5143:"Civil Society and the Collapse of the Weimar Republic"
4955:
Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy
6862:
6834:
Civicus â Worldwide Alliance for Citizen Participation
6689:
Civil Society: The Underpinnings of American Democracy
2906:
5912:"America's Civic Condition: A Glance at the Evidence"
5792:
5310:"Trust, Social Capital, Civil Society, and Democracy"
4773:
3783:
The above view about civil society was criticised by
1876:
Critics and activists currently often apply the term
6853:â formerly civilsociety.org (archived 11 April 2014)
4782:
3389:, a preoccupation that would last until the end of
6887:100 years of trends in international civil society
1645:). The concept was used by Roman writers, such as
6814:Global Environment Facility Civil Society Network
6043:"Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital"
6904:
6772:, Springer-Verlag New York Inc., New York 2010,
6551:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
6316:. Manchester University Press. pp. 83â114.
1686:in 1978â79. However, the term was not in use by
6863:International Society for Third-Sector Research
6651:Civil Society: The Critical History of an Idea.
6606:Colletti, Lucio. âIntroductionâ, in Karl Marx,
5668:
5435:
5198:
5196:
5084:
4783:Boulding, Carew E.; Nelson-NĂșñez, Jami (2014).
4140:Civil Society and Indigenous Peoples' Mechanism
3323:The concept of civil society in its pre-modern
1899:as a social phenomenon expanding the sphere of
1649:, where it referred to the ancient notion of a
6691:. Medford, Mass:Tufts University Press, 1999.
6533:. Archived from the original on 2 October 2008
5526:"The American Context of Civil Society (SSIR)"
6596:. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2004.
6282:
6006:
6004:
5910:Galston, Peter Levine and William A. (1997).
5637:"Civil Society | Social Science | Britannica"
4731:
4729:
4647:
4645:
4643:
4641:
4639:
3860:(NSMs) on a global scale, civil society as a
3707:
3295:
1502:
611:
6763:, Archiv fĂŒr Begriffsgeschichte Bd. 50/2008
6490:Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism
5949:"Foreign Policy: Think Again: Civil Society"
5193:
5136:
5134:
5132:
5070:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
4978:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
3868:
1616:), established for collective survival. The
6770:International Encyclopedia of Civil Society
5669:Carothers, Thomas; Barndt, William (1999).
5520:
5518:
5436:Carothers, Thomas; Barndt, William (1999).
5417:. Princeton University Press. 11 March 1993
5085:Carothers, Thomas; Barndt, William (1999).
4707:Civil Society and the Conception of History
1820:
1622:or end of civil society, thus defined, was
1534:can be understood as the "third sector" of
6653:New York: New York University Press, 1999.
6628:. Cambridge, England: Polity Press, 2004.
6594:Civil Society and Political Change in Asia
6163:
6161:
6159:
6001:
4726:
4667:
4665:
4663:
4661:
4636:
3714:
3700:
3302:
3288:
1787:
1509:
1495:
618:
604:
6719:Studies In Social & Political Thought
6427:
6416:Hegelâs Civil Society: A Locus of Freedom
6348:
6313:History of International Relations Theory
6305:
6303:
5264:
5129:
4913:
4849:
4610:
4552:Self-Consciousness and Self-Determination
4549:
4286:
3939:Learn how and when to remove this message
1908:Department of Economic and Social Affairs
1720:, from whom the concepts were adapted by
6405:(Cambridge University Press, 1991), §184
5515:
4594:Sheffield Academic Press, 2001 pp. 45â83
3799:
1867:
1713:An Essay on the History of Civil Society
1522:
6721:, Issue 4, March 2001, pp. 31â56.
6342:
6309:
6156:
6040:
5909:
5366:
4671:
4658:
4633:Policy Press, 2007. pp. 119â20, 148â49.
4607:Rowman & Littlefield 1996 pp. 15â32
4280:Yearbook of International Organizations
3396:
2859:Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch
6905:
6300:
6275:
6273:
6271:
5842:
5761:
5482:
5314:International Political Science Review
5307:
5202:
5140:
4744:
3795:
6899:on civil society and social movements
6291:
6239:
6099:Peter Barenboim, Natalya Merkulova. "
6081:from the original on 12 February 2023
5838:
5836:
5726:
5722:
5720:
5664:
5662:
5647:from the original on 21 February 2023
5554:
4947:
4945:
4687:. Felix Meiner Verlag. Archived from
4501:from the original on 25 December 2014
4483:
3010:1946 Italian institutional referendum
2950:Spanish American wars of independence
1527:International Civil Society Week 2019
6201:from the original on 4 February 2013
5592:"Civil Society in the United States"
4992:
4571:
3888:
3745:civil society where synonymous with
3348:â to look after people in civility.
3318:
6891:Union of International Associations
6768:Helmut K. Anheier, Stefan Toepler,
6472:Elements of the Philosophy of Right
6399:Elements of the Philosophy of Right
6268:
4618:Civil Society and Political Theory,
4579:Civil Society and Political Theory,
2779:The Tenure of Kings and Magistrates
1546:, and including the family and the
13:
6675:, 2011, retrieved: 24 August 2011.
5989:from the original on 11 March 2023
5833:
5755:
5717:
5659:
5023:
4942:
4902:"Social Capital and Civil Society"
4531:from the original on 28 April 2019
4462:
1872:Civil lecture at Budapest Brainbar
14:
6939:
6784:
6353:. Sage Publications. p. 88.
6144:from the original on 15 July 2017
5922:from the original on 4 March 2023
5774:from the original on 4 March 2023
5743:from the original on 4 March 2023
5729:"The False Dawn of Civil Society"
5705:from the original on 4 March 2023
5598:from the original on 4 March 2023
5557:"The False Dawn of Civil Society"
5536:from the original on 4 March 2023
5464:from the original on 4 March 2023
5369:"Toward Democratic Consolidation"
5246:from the original on 3 March 2023
5215:from the original on 3 March 2023
5117:from the original on 4 March 2023
5005:from the original on 3 March 2023
4878:from the original on 4 April 2023
4831:from the original on 3 March 2023
3733:understanding of it as a form of
3484:
3476:, a critic of civil society, and
486:Biology and political orientation
6644:Karl Marx's Theory of Revolution
6610:, Pelican, 1975, pp. 7â56.
6330:from the original on 2 July 2023
6022:from the original on 22 May 2023
5959:from the original on 19 May 2023
5891:from the original on 7 June 2021
5821:from the original on 2 July 2023
5727:Rieff, David (4 February 1999).
5555:Rieff, David (4 February 1999).
5348:from the original on 2 July 2023
5181:from the original on 7 June 2021
5052:from the original on 2 July 2023
4930:from the original on 2 July 2023
3893:
3271:
2799:Discourses Concerning Government
1476:
1464:
649:
587:
6819:EU relations with Civil Society
6808:UNEP Global Civil Society Forum
6745:Development in Practice, 1996,
6572:
6559:
6523:
6514:
6505:
6496:
6477:
6464:
6421:
6408:
6391:
6367:
6233:
6213:
6183:
6126:
6113:
6093:
6034:
5971:
5903:
5786:
5762:Ingram, George (6 April 2020).
5629:
5610:
5584:
5548:
5476:
5429:
5407:
5360:
5301:
5258:
5227:
5078:
5017:
4999:International Studies Quarterly
4986:
4890:
4843:
4738:
4720:Critique of the German Ideology
4698:
4623:
4020:private voluntary organizations
3884:
3370:is Roman and was introduced by
3065:Barbadian Republic Proclamation
751:Concepts, theory and techniques
6531:"Reforming the United Nations"
5799:. Princeton University Press.
5308:Newton, Kenneth (April 2001).
4958:. Princeton University Press.
4789:Latin American Research Review
4672:Zaleski, Pawel Stefan (2008).
4597:
4584:
4558:
4543:
4513:
4008:non-governmental organizations
3000:1935 Greek coup d'Ă©tat attempt
2980:German Revolution of 1918â1919
1895:On the other hand, others see
481:Theories of political behavior
107:Political history of the world
1:
6738:. Oxford: James Currey, 1998.
6673:Institute of European History
6310:Knutsen, Torbjorn L. (1997).
6121:European Journal of Sociology
6047:American Journal of Sociology
5425:– via Internet Archive.
5203:Berman, Sheri (13 May 2021).
4681:Archiv fĂŒr Begriffsgeschichte
4655:, Wydawnictwo UMK, Torun 2012
4568:, Bk. 1 passim, esp. 1252a1â6
4450:
4041:social movement organizations
1702:has its immediate origins in
496:Critique of political economy
6791:LSE Centre for Civil Society
4455:
4235:Rule According to Higher Law
3250:Republic without republicans
2995:11 September 1922 Revolution
2990:Mongolian Revolution of 1921
1800:
1693:
1575:
77:Outline of political science
7:
6839:Global civil society (PCDF)
5617:Why Civil Society? Why Now?
5367:Diamond, Larry Jay (1994).
5024:D., Putnam, Robert (1993).
4067:
3919:the claims made and adding
3853:anti-globalization movement
3411:the sovereign states system
2985:Turkish War of Independence
2907:
10:
6944:
6821:(archived 2 February 2012)
6585:
6041:Coleman, James S. (1988).
5265:Carothers, Thomas (1997).
4850:Carothers, Thomas (1997).
4581:MIT Press, 1994 pp. 84â85.
4225:Public interest litigation
4120:Civil and political rights
3040:1970 Cambodian coup d'Ă©tat
2789:The Commonwealth of Oceana
1917:
1848:planning and the latter's
1690:labor union in 1980â1981.
1665:who as a first translated
1638:
1628:
1600:
1565:Collins English Dictionary
82:Index of politics articles
18:
6847:(archived 7 January 2016)
6827:(archived 16 April 2009)
6349:Chandhoke, Neera (1995).
6254:10.1007/s11077-014-9200-y
5030:. Princeton Univ. Press.
4915:10.5089/9781451849585.001
4745:Barber, Benjamin (1998).
4550:Tugendhat, Ernst (1986).
4525:www.collinsdictionary.com
4026:professional associations
3869:Link to the public sphere
3213:The Emperor's New Clothes
2965:5 October 1910 revolution
2960:French Revolution of 1848
1983:Liberty as non-domination
1863:
1572:concept of civic values.
6859:(archived 10 April 2013)
6796:3 September 2010 at the
6442:10.1177/0038022920010201
6373:Hegel, G. W. F. (1821),
6016:ciaotest.cc.columbia.edu
5953:ciaotest.cc.columbia.edu
5326:10.1177/0192512101222004
5267:"Think Again: Democracy"
4852:"Think Again: Democracy"
4175:FoucaultâHabermas debate
4155:Constitutional economics
4014:non-profit organizations
3758:bĂŒrgerliche Gesellschaft
3055:1987 Fijian coups d'Ă©tat
3015:1952 Egyptian revolution
1993:Political representation
1826:Constitutional economics
1821:Constitutional economics
739:JEL classification codes
19:Not to be confused with
6810:(archived 4 March 2016)
6759:Zaleski, Pawel Stefan,
6669:European History Online
6385:10 January 2020 at the
5572:Cite magazine requires
5415:"Making democracy work"
4250:Social entrepreneurship
4031:religious organizations
3983:community organizations
3743:classical republicanism
3521:Political particularism
3035:1969 Libyan coup d'Ă©tat
2819:Discourse on Inequality
1968:Consent of the governed
1788:Political participation
925:Industrial organization
782:Computational economics
491:Political organisations
254:International relations
92:Politics by subdivision
6868:31 August 2018 at the
6825:UK DFID relations with
6177:9 October 2018 at the
5843:Berman, Sheri (1997).
5483:Berman, Sheri (1997).
5141:Berman, Sheri (1997).
4712:2 January 2015 at the
4651:Pawel Stefan Zaleski,
4620:MIT Press, 1994 p. 86.
4287:Civil-society scholars
4061:voluntary associations
4046:statutory corporations
3988:consumer organizations
3974:(sports, social, etc.)
3865:in developing states.
3856:organizations and the
3813:
3757:
3409:heralded the birth of
3359:described a political
1914:environmental change.
1873:
1706:philosophy, including
1704:Scottish Enlightenment
1528:
777:Experimental economics
6880:29 April 2014 at the
6680:downloadable copy of
6430:Sociological Bulletin
6222:Basta! Rio+20 Walkout
6167:Pawel Stefan Zaleski
5796:Making Democracy Work
5385:10.1353/jod.1994.0041
4801:10.1353/lar.2014.0015
4470:What is Civil Society
3978:community foundations
3803:
3766:Alexis de Tocqueville
3629:Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3474:Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3203:Criticism of monarchy
3025:North Yemen civil war
2839:The Federalist Papers
2134:Federal parliamentary
1871:
1722:Alexis de Tocqueville
1716:, and in the work of
1604:), which refers to a
1526:
571:Political campaigning
311:Public administration
144:Collective leadership
6803:UN and Civil Society
6663:Gosewinkel, Dieter:
5983:World Economic Forum
5861:10.1353/wp.1997.0008
5622:4 March 2023 at the
5501:10.1353/wp.1997.0008
5373:Journal of Democracy
5159:10.1353/wp.1997.0008
4993:Pinckney, Jonathan.
4629:Frederick W. Powell,
4344:Jean Bethke Elshtain
4294:Jeffrey C. Alexander
4265:Service organization
3858:new social movements
3845:Washington Consensus
3407:Treaty of Westphalia
3397:Early modern history
3329:Age of Enlightenment
3325:classical republican
3188:Classical radicalism
2930:Republic of Florence
2869:Democracy in America
2028:Separation of powers
2003:Public participation
1890:Washington Consensus
1844:as a name for a new
1550:. By other authors,
1004:Social choice theory
421:Separation of powers
292:Political psychology
267:Comparative politics
245:political scientists
232:Academic disciplines
112:Political philosophy
6592:Alagappa, Muthiah.
6567:New German Critique
6414:Stillman, Peter G.
6279:Edwards 2004. p. 6.
6106:5 July 2016 at the
4897:Fukuyama, Francis;
4751:. Hill & Wang.
4200:Liberal nationalism
3796:Post-modern history
3662:Christian democracy
3494:the Politics series
3405:and the subsequent
3278:Politics portal
3083:Antigua and Barbuda
3030:Zanzibar Revolution
2940:American Revolution
2829:The Social Contract
1998:Popular sovereignty
1606:political community
1558:Sometimes the term
1471:Business portal
792:Operations research
772:National accounting
594:Politics portal
443:Election commission
414:Government branches
297:Political sociology
149:Confessional system
87:Politics by country
6918:Community building
6895:Interface journal
6687:O'Connell, Brian.
6502:Ehrenberg 1999:208
5805:10.2307/j.ctt7s8r7
5641:www.britannica.com
4906:IMF Working Papers
4704:See, for example,
4694:on 9 October 2018.
4477:2 May 2009 at the
4036:social enterprises
3904:possibly contains
3814:
3604:Alasdair MacIntyre
3548:Important thinkers
3244:Primus inter pares
3060:Nepalese Civil War
3050:Iranian Revolution
3020:14 July Revolution
2975:Russian Revolution
2970:Chinese Revolution
2920:Republic of Venice
2769:Discourses on Livy
1874:
1590:presents the term
1586:, the philosopher
1529:
802:Industrial complex
797:Middle income trap
277:Political analysis
209:Semi-parliamentary
6778:978-0-387-93996-4
6727:Soper, Steven C.
6702:Perlas, Nicolas.
6649:Ehrenberg, John.
6578:Schwedler, 1995:5
6520:Ehrenberg 1999:33
6511:Ehrenberg 1999:30
6470:Hegel, G. F. W.,
6397:Hegel, G. F. W.,
5814:978-1-4008-2074-0
4590:Bruno Blumenfeld
4409:Michael Oakeshott
4374:Peter Dobkin Hall
4255:Social innovation
4220:Political science
4185:Global governance
4165:Cultural hegemony
4160:Coordination good
4125:Civil inattention
3949:
3948:
3941:
3906:original research
3841:political society
3747:political society
3724:
3723:
3403:Thirty Years' War
3319:Western antiquity
3312:
3311:
3255:Republican empire
3228:List of republics
3077:National variants
3005:Spanish Civil War
2945:French Revolution
2925:Republic of Genoa
2809:The Spirit of Law
2742:Theoretical works
2086:Neo-republicanism
1901:classical liberal
1842:James M. Buchanan
1834:constitutionalism
1730:Ferdinand Tönnies
1700:political society
1684:Aleksander Smolar
1667:koinĆnĂa politikáž
1601:ÎșÎżÎčÎœÏÎœÎŻÎ± ÏολÎčÏÎčÎșÎź
1596:koinĆnĂa politikáž
1519:
1518:
628:
627:
576:Political parties
516:Electoral systems
240:Political science
214:Semi-presidential
126:Political systems
102:Political history
97:Political economy
6935:
6656:Ginsborg, Paul.
6622:Edwards, Michael
6579:
6576:
6570:
6563:
6557:
6556:
6550:
6542:
6540:
6538:
6527:
6521:
6518:
6512:
6509:
6503:
6500:
6494:
6481:
6475:
6468:
6462:
6461:
6425:
6419:
6412:
6406:
6395:
6389:
6371:
6365:
6364:
6346:
6340:
6339:
6337:
6335:
6307:
6298:
6295:
6289:
6286:
6280:
6277:
6266:
6265:
6237:
6231:
6230:
6217:
6211:
6210:
6208:
6206:
6187:
6181:
6165:
6154:
6153:
6151:
6149:
6130:
6124:
6117:
6111:
6097:
6091:
6090:
6088:
6086:
6038:
6032:
6031:
6029:
6027:
6008:
5999:
5998:
5996:
5994:
5975:
5969:
5968:
5966:
5964:
5945:
5932:
5931:
5929:
5927:
5907:
5901:
5900:
5898:
5896:
5840:
5831:
5830:
5828:
5826:
5790:
5784:
5783:
5781:
5779:
5759:
5753:
5752:
5750:
5748:
5724:
5715:
5714:
5712:
5710:
5666:
5657:
5656:
5654:
5652:
5633:
5627:
5614:
5608:
5607:
5605:
5603:
5588:
5582:
5581:
5575:
5570:
5568:
5560:
5552:
5546:
5545:
5543:
5541:
5522:
5513:
5512:
5480:
5474:
5473:
5471:
5469:
5433:
5427:
5426:
5424:
5422:
5411:
5405:
5404:
5364:
5358:
5357:
5355:
5353:
5305:
5299:
5298:
5262:
5256:
5255:
5253:
5251:
5231:
5225:
5224:
5222:
5220:
5200:
5191:
5190:
5188:
5186:
5138:
5127:
5126:
5124:
5122:
5082:
5076:
5075:
5069:
5061:
5059:
5057:
5021:
5015:
5014:
5012:
5010:
4990:
4984:
4983:
4977:
4969:
4949:
4940:
4939:
4937:
4935:
4917:
4894:
4888:
4887:
4885:
4883:
4847:
4841:
4840:
4838:
4836:
4780:
4771:
4770:
4742:
4736:
4733:
4724:
4702:
4696:
4695:
4693:
4678:
4669:
4656:
4649:
4634:
4627:
4621:
4614:
4608:
4601:
4595:
4588:
4582:
4575:
4569:
4562:
4556:
4555:
4547:
4541:
4540:
4538:
4536:
4517:
4511:
4510:
4508:
4506:
4487:
4481:
4466:
4424:Robert D. Putnam
4354:Francis Fukuyama
4324:Robert N. Bellah
4275:Voluntary sector
4145:Communitarianism
4095:Civic engagement
4090:Associationalism
3944:
3937:
3933:
3930:
3924:
3921:inline citations
3897:
3896:
3889:
3716:
3709:
3702:
3691:
3677:Social democracy
3667:Radical centrism
3624:Robert D. Putnam
3589:Stanley Hauerwas
3569:Robert N. Bellah
3510:Central concepts
3502:Communitarianism
3489:
3488:
3368:societas civilis
3346:philosopher king
3304:
3297:
3290:
3276:
3275:
3260:Republican Party
3238:Peasant republic
3198:Communitarianism
2915:Classical Athens
2910:
2884:
2874:
2864:
2854:
2844:
2834:
2824:
2814:
2804:
2794:
2784:
2774:
2764:
2754:
1988:Mixed government
1922:
1921:
1757:Thomas Carothers
1749:Robert D. Putnam
1671:societas civilis
1641:
1640:
1631:
1630:
1603:
1602:
1538:, distinct from
1511:
1504:
1497:
1483:Money portal
1481:
1480:
1479:
1469:
1468:
965:Natural resource
757:Economic systems
653:
630:
629:
620:
613:
606:
592:
591:
382:
327:
282:Political theory
272:Election science
262:
248:
26:
25:
6943:
6942:
6938:
6937:
6936:
6934:
6933:
6932:
6903:
6902:
6882:Wayback Machine
6870:Wayback Machine
6798:Wayback Machine
6787:
6782:
6750:Whaites, Alan,
6741:Whaites, Alan,
6588:
6583:
6582:
6577:
6573:
6564:
6560:
6544:
6543:
6536:
6534:
6529:
6528:
6524:
6519:
6515:
6510:
6506:
6501:
6497:
6482:
6478:
6469:
6465:
6426:
6422:
6413:
6409:
6396:
6392:
6387:Wayback Machine
6372:
6368:
6361:
6347:
6343:
6333:
6331:
6324:
6308:
6301:
6296:
6292:
6287:
6283:
6278:
6269:
6242:Policy Sciences
6238:
6234:
6219:
6218:
6214:
6204:
6202:
6189:
6188:
6184:
6179:Wayback Machine
6166:
6157:
6147:
6145:
6132:
6131:
6127:
6123:25: pp. 185â213
6118:
6114:
6108:Wayback Machine
6098:
6094:
6084:
6082:
6039:
6035:
6025:
6023:
6010:
6009:
6002:
5992:
5990:
5979:"Civil Society"
5977:
5976:
5972:
5962:
5960:
5947:
5946:
5935:
5925:
5923:
5908:
5904:
5894:
5892:
5841:
5834:
5824:
5822:
5815:
5791:
5787:
5777:
5775:
5760:
5756:
5746:
5744:
5725:
5718:
5708:
5706:
5683:10.2307/1149558
5671:"Civil Society"
5667:
5660:
5650:
5648:
5635:
5634:
5630:
5624:Wayback Machine
5615:
5611:
5601:
5599:
5590:
5589:
5585:
5574:|magazine=
5573:
5571:
5562:
5561:
5553:
5549:
5539:
5537:
5524:
5523:
5516:
5481:
5477:
5467:
5465:
5450:10.2307/1149558
5438:"Civil Society"
5434:
5430:
5420:
5418:
5413:
5412:
5408:
5365:
5361:
5351:
5349:
5306:
5302:
5279:10.2307/1149329
5263:
5259:
5249:
5247:
5232:
5228:
5218:
5216:
5201:
5194:
5184:
5182:
5139:
5130:
5120:
5118:
5103:10.2307/1149558
5097:(1999): 18â29.
5087:"Civil Society"
5083:
5079:
5063:
5062:
5055:
5053:
5038:
5022:
5018:
5008:
5006:
4991:
4987:
4971:
4970:
4966:
4950:
4943:
4933:
4931:
4895:
4891:
4881:
4879:
4864:10.2307/1149329
4848:
4844:
4834:
4832:
4781:
4774:
4759:
4743:
4739:
4734:
4727:
4714:Wayback Machine
4703:
4699:
4691:
4676:
4670:
4659:
4650:
4637:
4628:
4624:
4615:
4611:
4602:
4598:
4589:
4585:
4576:
4572:
4563:
4559:
4548:
4544:
4534:
4532:
4519:
4518:
4514:
4504:
4502:
4489:
4488:
4484:
4479:Wayback Machine
4467:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4414:Michael O'Neill
4384:Barry Dean Karl
4369:JĂŒrgen Habermas
4339:Michael Edwards
4314:Benjamin Barber
4289:
4284:
4210:Non-state actor
4130:Civil liberties
4075:Portal:Politics
4070:
4065:
3962:activist groups
3945:
3934:
3928:
3925:
3910:
3898:
3894:
3887:
3874:JĂŒrgen Habermas
3871:
3806:1956 revolution
3798:
3785:Antonio Gramsci
3720:
3689:Politics portal
3687:
3682:
3681:
3657:
3649:
3648:
3614:José Pérez Adån
3609:Stephen Marglin
3584:William Galston
3559:Benjamin Barber
3549:
3541:
3540:
3536:Value pluralism
3526:Positive rights
3511:
3487:
3452:state of nature
3438:social contract
3427:moral authority
3399:
3366:The concept of
3321:
3308:
3270:
3265:
3264:
3183:
3175:
3174:
3078:
3070:
3069:
2955:Trienio Liberal
2896:
2888:
2887:
2882:
2872:
2862:
2852:
2842:
2832:
2822:
2812:
2802:
2792:
2782:
2772:
2762:
2752:
2743:
2735:
2734:
2470:Flynn (Stephen)
2355:
2347:
2346:
2187:
2179:
2178:
2104:
2096:
2095:
2051:
2043:
2042:
2038:Social equality
2033:Social contract
2023:Self-governance
1978:Democratization
1953:Anti-corruption
1948:Anti-monarchism
1943:
1927:Politics series
1920:
1866:
1823:
1803:
1790:
1765:Weimar Republic
1747:More recently,
1696:
1578:
1515:
1477:
1475:
1463:
1456:
1455:
1426:
1416:
1415:
1414:
1413:
1177:von Böhm-Bawerk
1065:
1054:
1053:
815:
807:
806:
762:Economic growth
752:
744:
743:
685:
683:classifications
624:
586:
581:
580:
511:
510:
501:
500:
458:
457:
448:
447:
416:
415:
406:
405:
401:Public interest
386:Domestic policy
376:
369:
368:
357:
356:
321:
314:
313:
302:
301:
263:
256:
249:
242:
234:
233:
224:
223:
129:
128:
117:
116:
72:
71:
62:
31:Politics series
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6941:
6931:
6930:
6925:
6923:Social economy
6920:
6915:
6901:
6900:
6893:
6884:
6872:
6860:
6854:
6848:
6842:
6836:
6831:
6822:
6816:
6811:
6805:
6800:
6786:
6785:External links
6783:
6781:
6780:
6766:
6757:
6748:
6739:
6734:Tvedt, Terje.
6732:
6725:
6715:
6700:
6685:
6676:
6661:
6654:
6647:
6637:
6619:
6608:Early Writings
6604:
6589:
6587:
6584:
6581:
6580:
6571:
6558:
6522:
6513:
6504:
6495:
6476:
6463:
6420:
6407:
6390:
6366:
6359:
6341:
6322:
6299:
6290:
6288:O'Connell 1999
6281:
6267:
6248:(2): 161â185.
6232:
6212:
6182:
6155:
6125:
6112:
6092:
6059:10.1086/228943
6033:
6000:
5970:
5933:
5902:
5855:(3): 401â429.
5849:World Politics
5832:
5813:
5785:
5754:
5716:
5677:(117): 18â29.
5675:Foreign Policy
5658:
5628:
5609:
5583:
5547:
5514:
5495:(3): 401â429.
5489:World Politics
5475:
5444:(117): 18â29.
5442:Foreign Policy
5428:
5406:
5359:
5320:(2): 201â214.
5300:
5273:(107): 11â18.
5271:Foreign Policy
5257:
5226:
5192:
5153:(3): 401â429.
5147:World Politics
5128:
5091:Foreign Policy
5077:
5036:
5016:
4985:
4964:
4941:
4889:
4858:(107): 11â18.
4856:Foreign Policy
4842:
4795:(1): 128â154.
4772:
4757:
4737:
4725:
4697:
4657:
4635:
4622:
4616:Jean L. Cohen,
4609:
4603:Michael Davis,
4596:
4583:
4577:Jean L. Cohen,
4570:
4557:
4554:. p. 239.
4542:
4512:
4495:Dictionary.com
4482:
4460:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4434:Charles Taylor
4431:
4429:Michael Sandel
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4404:Frank Moulaert
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4359:Ernest Gellner
4356:
4351:
4349:Amitai Etzioni
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4299:Helmut Anheier
4296:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4245:Social economy
4242:
4240:Social capital
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4135:Civil religion
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4051:support groups
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4017:
4011:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3953:
3947:
3946:
3901:
3899:
3892:
3886:
3883:
3876:said that the
3870:
3867:
3797:
3794:
3727:G. W. F. Hegel
3722:
3721:
3719:
3718:
3711:
3704:
3696:
3693:
3692:
3684:
3683:
3680:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3658:
3656:Related topics
3655:
3654:
3651:
3650:
3647:
3646:
3644:Michael Walzer
3641:
3639:Charles Taylor
3636:
3634:Michael Sandel
3631:
3626:
3621:
3619:Costanzo Preve
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3599:Mark Kuczewski
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3579:Amitai Etzioni
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3550:
3547:
3546:
3543:
3542:
3539:
3538:
3533:
3531:Social capital
3528:
3523:
3518:
3512:
3509:
3508:
3505:
3504:
3498:
3497:
3486:
3485:Modern history
3483:
3398:
3395:
3320:
3317:
3310:
3309:
3307:
3306:
3299:
3292:
3284:
3281:
3280:
3267:
3266:
3263:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3208:Egalitarianism
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3184:
3182:Related topics
3181:
3180:
3177:
3176:
3173:
3172:
3167:
3166:
3165:
3160:
3153:United Kingdom
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3079:
3076:
3075:
3072:
3071:
3068:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2935:Dutch Republic
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2903:
2901:Roman Republic
2897:
2894:
2893:
2890:
2889:
2886:
2885:
2875:
2865:
2855:
2845:
2835:
2825:
2815:
2805:
2795:
2785:
2775:
2765:
2755:
2744:
2741:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2356:
2353:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2345:
2344:
2342:Wollstonecraft
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2177:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2105:
2102:
2101:
2098:
2097:
2094:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1930:
1929:
1919:
1916:
1865:
1862:
1838:budget process
1828:is a field of
1822:
1819:
1802:
1799:
1789:
1786:
1770:1932 elections
1734:Gabriel Almond
1718:G. W. F. Hegel
1695:
1692:
1663:Leonardo Bruni
1661:into Latin by
1643:zĆon politikĂłn
1639:Î¶áż·ÎżÎœ ÏολÎčÏÎčÎșÏÎœ
1594:in the phrase
1577:
1574:
1548:private sphere
1517:
1516:
1514:
1513:
1506:
1499:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1486:
1485:
1473:
1458:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1448:
1438:
1433:
1427:
1422:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1412:
1411:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1060:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
970:Organizational
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
816:
814:By application
813:
812:
809:
808:
805:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
753:
750:
749:
746:
745:
742:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
707:
702:
697:
692:
686:
680:
679:
676:
675:
674:
673:
668:
663:
655:
654:
646:
645:
639:
638:
626:
625:
623:
622:
615:
608:
600:
597:
596:
583:
582:
579:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
557:
556:
540:
535:
530:
529:
528:
518:
512:
508:
507:
506:
503:
502:
499:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
465:
459:
456:Related topics
455:
454:
453:
450:
449:
446:
445:
440:
435:
430:
424:
423:
417:
413:
412:
411:
408:
407:
404:
403:
398:
393:
391:Foreign policy
388:
383:
370:
364:
363:
362:
359:
358:
355:
354:
353:
352:
338:
333:
328:
315:
309:
308:
307:
304:
303:
300:
299:
294:
289:
287:Policy studies
284:
279:
274:
269:
264:
252:
250:
238:
235:
231:
230:
229:
226:
225:
222:
221:
216:
211:
206:
201:
196:
191:
186:
181:
176:
171:
166:
161:
156:
151:
146:
141:
136:
130:
124:
123:
122:
119:
118:
115:
114:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
73:
70:Primary topics
69:
68:
67:
64:
63:
61:
60:
55:
50:
44:
41:
40:
34:
33:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6940:
6929:
6926:
6924:
6921:
6919:
6916:
6914:
6913:Civil society
6911:
6910:
6908:
6898:
6897:special issue
6894:
6892:
6888:
6885:
6883:
6879:
6876:
6873:
6871:
6867:
6864:
6861:
6858:
6855:
6852:
6849:
6846:
6843:
6840:
6837:
6835:
6832:
6830:
6829:Civil Society
6826:
6823:
6820:
6817:
6815:
6812:
6809:
6806:
6804:
6801:
6799:
6795:
6792:
6789:
6788:
6779:
6775:
6771:
6767:
6765:
6762:
6758:
6756:
6753:
6749:
6747:
6744:
6740:
6737:
6733:
6730:
6726:
6724:
6720:
6716:
6713:
6712:0-9583885-8-X
6709:
6705:
6701:
6698:
6697:0-87451-924-1
6694:
6690:
6686:
6684:
6683:
6677:
6674:
6670:
6666:
6665:Civil Society
6662:
6659:
6655:
6652:
6648:
6645:
6641:
6638:
6635:
6634:0-7456-3133-9
6631:
6627:
6626:Civil Society
6623:
6620:
6617:
6613:
6609:
6605:
6603:
6602:0-8047-5097-1
6599:
6595:
6591:
6590:
6575:
6568:
6562:
6554:
6548:
6532:
6526:
6517:
6508:
6499:
6492:
6491:
6486:
6480:
6473:
6467:
6459:
6455:
6451:
6447:
6443:
6439:
6435:
6431:
6424:
6417:
6411:
6404:
6403:Allen W. Wood
6400:
6394:
6388:
6384:
6381:
6378:
6377:
6370:
6362:
6360:9788170364764
6356:
6352:
6345:
6329:
6325:
6323:9780719049309
6319:
6315:
6314:
6306:
6304:
6297:Brown 2001:70
6294:
6285:
6276:
6274:
6272:
6263:
6259:
6255:
6251:
6247:
6243:
6236:
6228:
6224:
6223:
6216:
6200:
6196:
6192:
6186:
6180:
6176:
6173:
6170:
6164:
6162:
6160:
6143:
6139:
6135:
6129:
6122:
6116:
6109:
6105:
6102:
6096:
6080:
6076:
6072:
6068:
6064:
6060:
6056:
6052:
6048:
6044:
6037:
6021:
6017:
6013:
6007:
6005:
5988:
5984:
5980:
5974:
5958:
5954:
5950:
5944:
5942:
5940:
5938:
5921:
5917:
5913:
5906:
5890:
5886:
5882:
5878:
5874:
5870:
5866:
5862:
5858:
5854:
5850:
5846:
5839:
5837:
5820:
5816:
5810:
5806:
5802:
5798:
5797:
5789:
5773:
5769:
5765:
5758:
5742:
5738:
5734:
5730:
5723:
5721:
5704:
5700:
5696:
5692:
5688:
5684:
5680:
5676:
5672:
5665:
5663:
5646:
5642:
5638:
5632:
5625:
5621:
5618:
5613:
5597:
5593:
5587:
5579:
5566:
5565:cite magazine
5558:
5551:
5535:
5531:
5527:
5521:
5519:
5510:
5506:
5502:
5498:
5494:
5490:
5486:
5479:
5463:
5459:
5455:
5451:
5447:
5443:
5439:
5432:
5416:
5410:
5402:
5398:
5394:
5390:
5386:
5382:
5378:
5374:
5370:
5363:
5347:
5343:
5339:
5335:
5331:
5327:
5323:
5319:
5315:
5311:
5304:
5296:
5292:
5288:
5284:
5280:
5276:
5272:
5268:
5261:
5245:
5241:
5237:
5230:
5214:
5210:
5206:
5199:
5197:
5180:
5176:
5172:
5168:
5164:
5160:
5156:
5152:
5148:
5144:
5137:
5135:
5133:
5116:
5112:
5108:
5104:
5100:
5096:
5092:
5088:
5081:
5073:
5067:
5051:
5047:
5043:
5039:
5037:0-691-07889-0
5033:
5029:
5028:
5020:
5004:
5000:
4996:
4989:
4981:
4975:
4967:
4965:0-691-07889-0
4961:
4957:
4956:
4948:
4946:
4929:
4925:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4907:
4903:
4899:
4893:
4877:
4873:
4869:
4865:
4861:
4857:
4853:
4846:
4830:
4826:
4822:
4818:
4814:
4810:
4806:
4802:
4798:
4794:
4790:
4786:
4779:
4777:
4768:
4764:
4760:
4758:0-8090-7656-X
4754:
4750:
4749:
4741:
4732:
4730:
4722:
4721:
4716:
4715:
4711:
4708:
4701:
4690:
4686:
4682:
4675:
4668:
4666:
4664:
4662:
4654:
4648:
4646:
4644:
4642:
4640:
4632:
4626:
4619:
4613:
4606:
4600:
4593:
4587:
4580:
4574:
4567:
4561:
4553:
4546:
4530:
4526:
4522:
4516:
4500:
4496:
4492:
4486:
4480:
4476:
4473:civilsoc.org
4472:
4471:
4465:
4461:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4419:Elinor Ostrom
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4399:John W. Meyer
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4334:Jean L. Cohen
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4309:Phillip Blond
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4291:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4180:Global civics
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4115:Civil affairs
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4072:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4021:
4018:
4015:
4012:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3954:
3952:
3943:
3940:
3932:
3922:
3918:
3914:
3908:
3907:
3902:This section
3900:
3891:
3890:
3882:
3879:
3878:public sphere
3875:
3866:
3863:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3846:
3842:
3837:
3835:
3834:welfare state
3831:
3828:
3824:
3820:
3811:
3810:PetĆfi SĂĄndor
3807:
3802:
3793:
3790:
3786:
3781:
3778:
3774:
3771:
3767:
3763:
3759:
3755:
3750:
3748:
3744:
3740:
3736:
3732:
3728:
3717:
3712:
3710:
3705:
3703:
3698:
3697:
3695:
3694:
3690:
3686:
3685:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3672:Republicanism
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3659:
3653:
3652:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3574:Phillip Blond
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3551:
3545:
3544:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3516:Civil society
3514:
3513:
3507:
3506:
3503:
3500:
3499:
3495:
3491:
3490:
3482:
3479:
3478:Immanuel Kant
3475:
3470:
3466:
3463:
3459:
3457:
3453:
3448:
3447:Thomas Hobbes
3444:
3443:positive laws
3439:
3435:
3430:
3428:
3423:
3422:Enlightenment
3418:
3416:
3412:
3408:
3404:
3394:
3392:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3375:
3373:
3369:
3364:
3362:
3358:
3356:
3351:
3347:
3343:
3339:
3335:
3330:
3326:
3316:
3305:
3300:
3298:
3293:
3291:
3286:
3285:
3283:
3282:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3268:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3245:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3179:
3178:
3171:
3170:United States
3168:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3155:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3080:
3074:
3073:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3045:Metapolitefsi
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2909:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2898:
2892:
2891:
2881:
2880:
2879:On Revolution
2876:
2871:
2870:
2866:
2861:
2860:
2856:
2851:
2850:
2849:Rights of Man
2846:
2841:
2840:
2836:
2831:
2830:
2826:
2821:
2820:
2816:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2801:
2800:
2796:
2791:
2790:
2786:
2781:
2780:
2776:
2771:
2770:
2766:
2761:
2760:
2759:De re publica
2756:
2751:
2750:
2746:
2745:
2739:
2738:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2565:Jones (Lynne)
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2360:Adams (Gerry)
2358:
2357:
2351:
2350:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2183:
2182:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2159:Revolutionary
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2149:Parliamentary
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2047:
2046:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1958:Civil society
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1939:
1938:
1935:
1934:Republicanism
1932:
1931:
1928:
1924:
1923:
1915:
1911:
1909:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1897:globalization
1893:
1891:
1887:
1886:globalization
1883:
1882:globalization
1879:
1878:civil society
1870:
1861:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1818:
1816:
1811:
1807:
1798:
1794:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1771:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1753:
1750:
1745:
1741:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1714:
1709:
1708:Adam Ferguson
1705:
1701:
1691:
1689:
1685:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1635:
1625:
1621:
1620:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1597:
1593:
1592:civil society
1589:
1585:
1584:
1573:
1571:
1567:
1566:
1561:
1560:civil society
1556:
1553:
1552:civil society
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1532:Civil society
1525:
1521:
1512:
1507:
1505:
1500:
1498:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1489:
1484:
1474:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1461:
1460:
1459:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1428:
1425:
1420:
1419:
1410:
1409:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1072:de Mandeville
1070:
1069:
1064:
1058:
1057:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1001:
1000:Public choice
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
975:Participation
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
935:Institutional
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
885:Expeditionary
883:
881:
878:
876:
875:Environmental
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
817:
811:
810:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
754:
748:
747:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
711:
708:
706:
705:International
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
687:
684:
681:Branches and
678:
677:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
658:
657:
656:
652:
648:
647:
644:
641:
640:
636:
632:
631:
621:
616:
614:
609:
607:
602:
601:
599:
598:
595:
590:
585:
584:
577:
574:
572:
569:
567:
564:
562:
559:
554:
550:
546:
545:
544:
541:
539:
536:
534:
531:
527:
524:
523:
522:
519:
517:
514:
513:
505:
504:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
477:
473:
469:
466:
464:
461:
460:
452:
451:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
425:
422:
419:
418:
410:
409:
402:
399:
397:
396:Civil society
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
380:
375:
374:Public policy
372:
371:
367:
361:
360:
350:
346:
342:
341:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
325:
320:
317:
316:
312:
306:
305:
298:
295:
293:
290:
288:
285:
283:
280:
278:
275:
273:
270:
268:
265:
260:
255:
251:
246:
241:
237:
236:
228:
227:
220:
217:
215:
212:
210:
207:
205:
202:
200:
197:
195:
194:Parliamentary
192:
190:
187:
185:
182:
180:
179:Hybrid regime
177:
175:
172:
170:
167:
165:
162:
160:
157:
155:
152:
150:
147:
145:
142:
140:
137:
135:
132:
131:
127:
121:
120:
113:
110:
108:
105:
103:
100:
98:
95:
93:
90:
88:
85:
83:
80:
78:
75:
74:
66:
65:
59:
56:
54:
51:
49:
46:
45:
43:
42:
39:
36:
35:
32:
28:
27:
22:
21:Civic society
6769:
6760:
6751:
6742:
6735:
6728:
6718:
6703:
6688:
6681:
6657:
6650:
6643:
6625:
6607:
6593:
6574:
6566:
6561:
6535:. Retrieved
6525:
6516:
6507:
6498:
6488:
6479:
6471:
6466:
6433:
6429:
6423:
6415:
6410:
6401:, edited by
6398:
6393:
6375:
6369:
6350:
6344:
6332:. Retrieved
6312:
6293:
6284:
6245:
6241:
6235:
6226:
6221:
6215:
6203:. Retrieved
6194:
6185:
6168:
6146:. Retrieved
6137:
6128:
6120:
6115:
6095:
6083:. Retrieved
6053:: S95âS120.
6050:
6046:
6036:
6024:. Retrieved
6015:
5991:. Retrieved
5982:
5973:
5961:. Retrieved
5952:
5924:. Retrieved
5915:
5905:
5893:. Retrieved
5852:
5848:
5823:. Retrieved
5795:
5788:
5776:. Retrieved
5767:
5757:
5745:. Retrieved
5707:. Retrieved
5674:
5649:. Retrieved
5640:
5631:
5612:
5600:. Retrieved
5586:
5550:
5538:. Retrieved
5529:
5492:
5488:
5478:
5466:. Retrieved
5441:
5431:
5419:. Retrieved
5409:
5376:
5372:
5362:
5350:. Retrieved
5317:
5313:
5303:
5270:
5260:
5248:. Retrieved
5240:VoxEU - CEPR
5239:
5229:
5217:. Retrieved
5208:
5183:. Retrieved
5150:
5146:
5119:. Retrieved
5094:
5090:
5080:
5054:. Retrieved
5026:
5019:
5007:. Retrieved
4998:
4988:
4954:
4932:. Retrieved
4905:
4892:
4880:. Retrieved
4855:
4845:
4833:. Retrieved
4792:
4788:
4748:Place for us
4747:
4740:
4718:
4705:
4700:
4689:the original
4684:
4680:
4652:
4630:
4625:
4617:
4612:
4604:
4599:
4591:
4586:
4578:
4573:
4565:
4560:
4551:
4545:
4533:. Retrieved
4524:
4515:
4503:. Retrieved
4494:
4485:
4469:
4464:
4444:Khurram Zaki
4439:Lori Wallach
4394:David Korten
4364:Susan George
4329:Walden Bello
4304:Andrew Arato
4215:Open society
4205:Mass society
4190:Human rights
4110:Civic virtue
4056:trade unions
3993:cooperatives
3950:
3935:
3926:
3903:
3885:Institutions
3872:
3862:third sector
3850:
3838:
3815:
3782:
3775:
3751:
3739:nation state
3725:
3594:G.W.F. Hegel
3564:Gad Barzilai
3515:
3471:
3467:
3460:
3431:
3419:
3400:
3376:
3367:
3365:
3353:
3322:
3313:
3242:
2877:
2867:
2857:
2847:
2837:
2827:
2817:
2807:
2797:
2787:
2777:
2767:
2757:
2747:
2560:Jones (Elin)
2465:Flynn (Paul)
2425:Clarke (Tom)
2420:Clark (Katy)
2365:Adams (John)
2186:Philosophers
1963:Civic virtue
1957:
1925:Part of the
1912:
1905:
1894:
1877:
1875:
1850:transparency
1824:
1814:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1795:
1791:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1761:Sheri Berman
1754:
1746:
1742:
1738:Sidney Verba
1711:
1697:
1679:VĂĄclav Havel
1674:
1670:
1666:
1658:
1654:
1642:
1633:
1617:
1613:
1605:
1595:
1591:
1581:
1579:
1563:
1559:
1557:
1551:
1531:
1530:
1520:
1441:Publications
1406:
1029:Sociological
1002: /
900:Geographical
880:Evolutionary
855:Digitization
820:Agricultural
724:Mathematical
695:Econometrics
395:
324:street-level
199:Presidential
159:Dictatorship
29:Part of the
6640:Draper, Hal
6569:, 3, 49â55.
6485:V. I. Lenin
5379:(3): 4â17.
4564:Aristotle,
4535:25 November
4379:Mary Kaldor
4319:Daniel Bell
4230:Rule of law
4105:Civic space
3998:foundations
3741:. While in
3434:natural law
3391:Renaissance
3379:Middle Ages
3193:Common good
3133:New Zealand
3128:Netherlands
2873:(1835â1840)
2843:(1787â1788)
2753:(c. 375 BC)
2675:Robespierre
2450:Etherington
2385:Benn (Tony)
2354:Politicians
2332:Tocqueville
2292:Montesquieu
2272:Machiavelli
2018:Rule of law
2013:Res publica
1858:impoundment
1854:rule of law
1675:StÀndestaat
1655:res publica
1608:, like the
1277:von Neumann
930:Information
870:Engineering
850:Development
845:Demographic
787:Game theory
729:Methodology
463:Sovereignty
428:Legislature
331:Technocracy
319:Bureaucracy
184:Meritocracy
164:Directorial
6907:Categories
6616:0140216685
6436:(2): 169.
6334:24 October
6195:NGO Branch
4505:24 January
4451:References
4389:John Keane
4003:News media
3913:improve it
3827:neoliberal
3823:neoliberal
3819:propaganda
3762:civil code
3462:John Locke
3415:absolutism
3233:Monarchism
3223:Liberalism
3218:Jacobinism
2908:Gaáčasaáč
gha
2763:(54â51 BC)
2247:Harrington
2124:Democratic
2114:Capitalist
2109:Autonomous
2091:Venizelism
2076:Khomeinism
1688:Solidarity
1624:eudaimonia
1610:city-state
1540:government
1436:Economists
1307:Schumacher
1212:Schumpeter
1182:von Wieser
1102:von ThĂŒnen
1063:economists
1039:Statistics
1034:Solidarity
955:Managerial
920:Humanistic
915:Historical
860:Ecological
825:Behavioral
719:Mainstream
553:Governance
543:Government
538:Federalism
139:City-state
6928:Democracy
6671:, Mainz:
6537:8 October
6458:151968126
6262:143686130
5916:Brookings
5885:145285276
5869:0043-8871
5768:Brookings
5737:0027-8378
5691:0015-7228
5626:Brookings
5509:145285276
5401:153922136
5393:1086-3214
5342:145126824
5334:0192-5121
5287:0015-7228
5175:145285276
5066:cite book
5046:246779019
4974:cite book
4924:1018-5941
4908:(74): 1.
4809:0023-8791
4767:173086879
4456:Citations
4260:Sociology
4195:Judiciary
4170:Democracy
4150:Communism
4085:Anarchism
3967:charities
3917:verifying
3777:Karl Marx
3770:Karl Marx
3554:Aristotle
3456:Leviathan
3383:feudalism
3361:community
3350:Aristotle
3338:dialectic
3088:Australia
2720:Venizelos
2710:Spadolini
2700:Slaughter
2645:McDonnell
2610:Mackenzie
2555:Jefferson
2510:Griffiths
2490:de Gaulle
2485:Garibaldi
2445:Drakeford
2337:Warburton
2257:Jefferson
2252:Honderich
2232:Condorcet
2119:Christian
2081:Nasserism
2056:Classical
1973:Democracy
1830:economics
1815:necessary
1801:Economics
1726:Karl Marx
1694:Democracy
1634:tĂČ eu zÄn
1629:Ï᜞ ΔᜠζáżÎœ
1588:Aristotle
1576:Etymology
1570:normative
1352:Greenspan
1317:Samuelson
1297:Galbraith
1267:Tinbergen
1207:von Mises
1202:Heckscher
1162:Edgeworth
980:Personnel
940:Knowledge
905:Happiness
895:Financial
865:Education
840:Democracy
734:Political
700:Heterodox
643:Economics
533:Unitarism
521:Elections
509:Subseries
438:Judiciary
433:Executive
336:Adhocracy
219:Theocracy
174:Feudalism
154:Democracy
6878:Archived
6866:Archived
6794:Archived
6547:cite web
6450:23619837
6383:Archived
6328:Archived
6199:Archived
6175:Archived
6142:Archived
6104:Archived
6079:Archived
6075:51859022
6026:11 March
6020:Archived
5993:11 March
5987:Archived
5963:11 March
5957:Archived
5920:Archived
5889:Archived
5877:25054008
5819:Archived
5772:Archived
5741:Archived
5703:Archived
5645:Archived
5620:Archived
5596:Archived
5540:11 March
5534:Archived
5530:ssir.org
5462:Archived
5421:11 March
5346:Archived
5244:Archived
5213:Archived
5209:HistPhil
5179:Archived
5167:25054008
5115:Archived
5050:Archived
5003:Archived
4928:Archived
4900:(2000).
4876:Archived
4829:Archived
4825:73712285
4817:43670156
4710:Archived
4566:Politics
4529:Archived
4499:Archived
4475:Archived
4080:Activism
4068:See also
3957:academia
3929:May 2016
3830:ideology
3789:New Left
3492:Part of
3387:just war
3357:politike
3355:koinonia
3334:Socrates
3158:Scotland
3098:Barbados
2749:Republic
2665:Prescott
2635:Naysmith
2625:McKechin
2585:La Malfa
2580:Khomeini
2540:Iorwerth
2505:Griffith
2480:Gambetta
2475:Galloway
2460:Ferguson
2440:Davidson
2435:Cromwell
2430:Connolly
2410:Campbell
2327:Sunstein
2312:Rousseau
2307:Polybius
2242:Franklin
2222:Chappell
2217:Cattaneo
2154:People's
2139:Imperial
2071:Kemalism
2008:Republic
1942:Concepts
1659:Politics
1651:republic
1583:Politics
1544:business
1445:journals
1431:Glossary
1382:Stiglitz
1347:Rothbard
1327:Buchanan
1312:Friedman
1302:Koopmans
1292:Leontief
1272:Robinson
1157:Marshall
1061:Notable
1009:Regional
985:Planning
960:Monetary
890:Feminist
835:Cultural
830:Business
635:a series
633:Part of
561:Ideology
379:doctrine
340:Service
204:Republic
189:Monarchy
169:Federacy
58:Category
38:Politics
6889:by the
6586:Sources
6148:28 June
6085:3 March
6067:2780243
5926:4 March
5895:3 March
5825:4 March
5778:3 March
5747:4 March
5709:3 March
5699:1149558
5651:3 March
5602:4 March
5468:3 March
5458:1149558
5352:3 March
5295:1149329
5250:3 March
5219:3 March
5185:3 March
5121:3 March
5111:1149558
5056:3 March
5009:3 March
4934:3 March
4882:3 March
4872:1149329
4835:3 March
4717:in the
3911:Please
3731:liberal
3123:Morocco
3113:Jamaica
3108:Ireland
3093:Bahamas
2895:History
2715:Taverne
2690:Skinner
2670:Ritchie
2615:Madison
2595:Lincoln
2545:Jackson
2535:Huppert
2530:Hopkins
2455:Fabiani
2415:Chapman
2400:BolĂvar
2390:Bennett
2380:Bartley
2370:AtatĂŒrk
2282:Mazzini
2277:Madison
2207:Bentham
2197:Baggini
2164:Secular
2144:Islamic
2129:Federal
2066:Federal
2050:Schools
1918:History
1580:In the
1536:society
1451:Schools
1443: (
1402:Piketty
1397:Krugman
1262:Kuznets
1252:Kalecki
1227:Polanyi
1117:Cournot
1112:Bastiat
1097:Ricardo
1087:Malthus
1077:Quesnay
1049:Welfare
1019:Service
690:Applied
666:Outline
661:History
566:Culture
476:Country
134:Anarchy
48:Outline
6776:
6731:(2013)
6723:online
6710:
6695:
6660:(2003)
6632:
6614:
6600:
6456:
6448:
6357:
6320:
6260:
6205:4 July
6138:un.org
6073:
6065:
5883:
5875:
5867:
5811:
5735:
5697:
5689:
5507:
5456:
5399:
5391:
5340:
5332:
5293:
5285:
5173:
5165:
5109:
5044:
5034:
4962:
4922:
4870:
4823:
4815:
4807:
4765:
4755:
4100:Civics
4022:(PVOs)
4016:(NPOs)
4010:(NGOs)
3754:German
3372:Cicero
3148:Sweden
3138:Norway
3103:Canada
2883:(1963)
2863:(1794)
2853:(1791)
2833:(1762)
2823:(1755)
2813:(1748)
2803:(1698)
2793:(1656)
2783:(1649)
2773:(1531)
2725:Wilson
2695:Slater
2685:Skates
2640:Mannin
2630:Mullin
2605:Mackay
2570:JuĂĄrez
2525:HĂ©bert
2520:Hatton
2515:Harvie
2405:Burgon
2322:Sidney
2317:Sandel
2302:Pettit
2227:Cicero
2192:Arendt
2174:Soviet
2169:Sister
2061:Modern
1864:Global
1846:budget
1728:, and
1647:Cicero
1387:Thaler
1367:Ostrom
1362:Becker
1357:Sowell
1337:Baumol
1242:Myrdal
1237:Sraffa
1232:Frisch
1222:Knight
1217:Keynes
1192:Fisher
1187:Veblen
1172:Pareto
1152:Menger
1147:George
1142:Jevons
1137:Walras
1127:Gossen
995:Public
990:Policy
945:Labour
910:Health
767:Market
526:voting
468:Polity
366:Policy
345:Public
259:theory
6754:1998
6454:S2CID
6446:JSTOR
6380:§ 157
6258:S2CID
6227:Vimeo
6071:S2CID
6063:JSTOR
5881:S2CID
5873:JSTOR
5695:JSTOR
5505:S2CID
5454:JSTOR
5397:S2CID
5338:S2CID
5291:JSTOR
5171:S2CID
5163:JSTOR
5107:JSTOR
4868:JSTOR
4821:S2CID
4813:JSTOR
4692:(PDF)
4677:(PDF)
4270:Power
3972:clubs
3342:Plato
3163:Wales
3143:Spain
3118:Japan
2705:Smith
2680:Sayed
2660:Pound
2655:Nehru
2650:Nandy
2620:Magid
2600:Lucas
2590:Lewis
2500:Grévy
2495:Greer
2395:Black
2375:Azaña
2297:Paine
2267:Locke
2237:Crick
2212:Bodin
2202:Bello
2103:Types
1669:into
1619:telos
1614:polis
1424:Lists
1392:Hoppe
1377:Lucas
1342:Solow
1332:Arrow
1322:Simon
1287:Lange
1282:Hicks
1257:Röpke
1247:Hayek
1197:Pigou
1167:Clark
1082:Smith
1044:Urban
1024:Socio
1014:Rural
714:Macro
710:Micro
671:Index
549:forms
472:State
349:Civil
53:Index
6774:ISBN
6708:ISBN
6693:ISBN
6630:ISBN
6612:ISBN
6598:ISBN
6553:link
6539:2008
6483:See
6355:ISBN
6336:2022
6318:ISBN
6207:2012
6150:2017
6087:2023
6028:2023
5995:2023
5965:2023
5928:2023
5897:2023
5865:ISSN
5827:2023
5809:ISBN
5780:2023
5749:2023
5733:ISSN
5711:2023
5687:ISSN
5653:2023
5604:2023
5578:help
5542:2023
5470:2023
5423:2023
5389:ISSN
5354:2023
5330:ISSN
5283:ISSN
5252:2023
5221:2023
5187:2023
5123:2023
5072:link
5058:2023
5042:OCLC
5032:ISBN
5011:2023
4980:link
4960:ISBN
4936:2023
4920:ISSN
4884:2023
4837:2023
4805:ISSN
4763:OCLC
4753:ISBN
4537:2019
4507:2012
3768:and
3401:The
3377:The
2730:Wood
2575:Kane
2287:Mill
2262:Kant
1832:and
1736:and
1542:and
1408:more
1132:Marx
1122:Mill
1107:List
6438:doi
6250:doi
6055:doi
5857:doi
5801:doi
5679:doi
5497:doi
5446:doi
5381:doi
5322:doi
5275:doi
5155:doi
5099:doi
5095:117
4910:doi
4860:doi
4797:doi
3915:by
3735:non
2550:Jay
1710:'s
1372:Sen
1092:Say
950:Law
6909::
6706:.
6667:,
6642:.
6624:.
6549:}}
6545:{{
6487:,
6452:.
6444:.
6434:50
6432:.
6376:PR
6326:.
6302:^
6270:^
6256:.
6246:47
6244:.
6225:.
6193:.
6158:^
6140:.
6136:.
6077:.
6069:.
6061:.
6051:94
6049:.
6045:.
6018:.
6014:.
6003:^
5985:.
5981:.
5955:.
5951:.
5936:^
5918:.
5914:.
5887:.
5879:.
5871:.
5863:.
5853:49
5851:.
5847:.
5835:^
5817:.
5807:.
5770:.
5766:.
5739:.
5731:.
5719:^
5701:.
5693:.
5685:.
5673:.
5661:^
5643:.
5639:.
5594:.
5569::
5567:}}
5563:{{
5532:.
5528:.
5517:^
5503:.
5493:49
5491:.
5487:.
5460:.
5452:.
5440:.
5395:.
5387:.
5375:.
5371:.
5344:.
5336:.
5328:.
5318:22
5316:.
5312:.
5289:.
5281:.
5269:.
5242:.
5238:.
5211:.
5207:.
5195:^
5177:.
5169:.
5161:.
5151:49
5149:.
5145:.
5131:^
5113:.
5105:.
5093:.
5089:.
5068:}}
5064:{{
5048:.
5040:.
5001:.
4997:.
4976:}}
4972:{{
4944:^
4926:.
4918:.
4904:.
4874:.
4866:.
4854:.
4827:.
4819:.
4811:.
4803:.
4793:49
4791:.
4787:.
4775:^
4761:.
4728:^
4685:50
4683:.
4679:.
4660:^
4638:^
4527:.
4523:.
4497:.
4493:.
3756::
3496:on
3458:.
3445:.
3393:.
3363:.
1724:,
1632:,
712:/
637:on
551:/
474:/
470:/
347:/
6841:.
6714:.
6699:.
6636:.
6618:.
6555:)
6541:.
6460:.
6440::
6363:.
6338:.
6264:.
6252::
6229:.
6209:.
6152:.
6089:.
6057::
6030:.
5997:.
5967:.
5930:.
5899:.
5859::
5829:.
5803::
5782:.
5751:.
5713:.
5681::
5655:.
5606:.
5580:)
5576:(
5559:.
5544:.
5511:.
5499::
5472:.
5448::
5403:.
5383::
5377:5
5356:.
5324::
5297:.
5277::
5254:.
5223:.
5189:.
5157::
5125:.
5101::
5074:)
5060:.
5013:.
4982:)
4968:.
4938:.
4912::
4886:.
4862::
4839:.
4799::
4769:.
4723:.
4539:.
4509:.
3942:)
3936:(
3931:)
3927:(
3909:.
3812:.
3715:e
3708:t
3701:v
3303:e
3296:t
3289:v
1653:(
1626:(
1612:(
1598:(
1510:e
1503:t
1496:v
1447:)
619:e
612:t
605:v
555:)
547:(
381:)
377:(
351:)
343:(
326:)
322:(
261:)
257:(
247:)
243:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.