British Isles - Knowledge

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industry, and wood shortages were not a problem until the 17th century. By the 18th century, most of Britain's forests were consumed for shipbuilding or manufacturing charcoal and the nation was forced to import lumber from Scandinavia, North America, and the Baltic. Most forest land in Ireland is maintained by state forestation programmes. Almost all land outside urban areas is farmland. However, relatively large areas of forest remain in east and north Scotland and in southeast England. Oak, elm, ash and beech are amongst the most common trees in England. In Scotland, pine and birch are most common. Natural forests in Ireland are mainly oak, ash,

204: 1077: 3049: 4011:, Volume 606, 28 September 2005. In his response, the Irish Minister for Foreign Affairs stated that "The British Isles is not an officially recognised term in any legal or inter-governmental sense. It is without any official status. The Government, including the Department of Foreign Affairs, does not use this term. Our officials in the Embassy of Ireland, London, continue to monitor the media in Britain for any abuse of the official terms as set out in the Constitution of Ireland and in legislation. These include the name of the State, the President, 2694: 2882: 4086:

some as increasingly less usable. It has been perceived as cloaking the idea of a 'greater England', or an extended south-eastern English imperium, under a common Crown since 1603 onwards. ... Nowadays, however, 'Britain and Ireland' is the more favoured expression, though there are problems with that too. ... There is no consensus on the matter, inevitably. It is unlikely that the ultimate in non-partisanship that has recently appeared the (East) 'Atlantic Archipelago' will have any appeal beyond captious scholars.

1287: 3162: 10384: 2484: 3154: 10372: 2901:. Ireland, sometimes called the Republic of Ireland, governs five-sixths of the island of Ireland, with the remainder of the island forming Northern Ireland. Northern Ireland is a part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, usually shortened to simply "the United Kingdom", which governs the remainder of the archipelago with the exception of the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands. The Isle of Man and the two Bailiwicks of the Channel Islands, 2576:. Initially, their arrival seems to have been at the invitation of the Britons as mercenaries to repulse incursions by the Hiberni and Picts. In time, Anglo-Saxon demands on the British became so great that they came to culturally dominate the bulk of southern Great Britain, though recent genetic evidence suggests Britons still formed the bulk of the population. This dominance created what is now England and left culturally British enclaves only in 9980: 4256:

be exclusionary. In the Republic of Ireland, the name British-Irish Isles is occasionally used. However, the term British-Irish Isles is not recognized by international geographers. In all documents jointly drawn up by the British and Irish governments, the archipelago is simply referred to as "these islands". The name British Isles remains the only generally accepted term for the archipelago off the north-western coast of mainland Europe.

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are presented to the Governments of Ireland and the United Kingdom. During the February 2008 meeting of the British–Irish Council, it was agreed to set up a standing secretariat that would serve as a permanent 'civil service' for the Council. Leading on from developments in the British–Irish Council, the chair of the British–Irish Inter-Parliamentary Assembly,

2813:. The Isle of Man and the Channel Islands remaining outside of the United Kingdom, but with their ultimate good governance being the responsibility of the British Crown (effectively the British government). Although the colonies of North America that would become the United States of America were lost by the start of the 19th century, the 1547:, the population of Ireland has fallen to less than one-tenth of the population of the British Isles. The famine caused a century-long population decline, drastically reduced the Irish population and permanently altered the demographic make-up of the British Isles. On a global scale, this disaster led to the creation of an 6261: 4113:

A geographical term taken to mean Great Britain, Ireland and some or all of the adjacent islands such as Orkney, Shetland and the Isle of Man. The phrase is best avoided, given its (understandable) unpopularity in the Irish Republic. The plate in the National Geographic Atlas of the World once titled

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Some of the Irish dislike the 'British' in 'British Isles', while a minority of the Welsh and Scottish are not keen on 'Great Britain'. ... In response to these difficulties, 'Britain and Ireland' is becoming preferred official usage if not in the vernacular, although there is a growing trend amongst

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and interactions with the landmass, this imposes a general east–west variation in climate. There are four distinct climate patterns: south-east, with cold winters, warm and dry summers; south-west, having mild and very wet winters, warm and wet summers; north-west, generally wet with mild winters and

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The nomenclature of Great Britain and Ireland and the status of the different parts of the archipelago are often confused by people in other parts of the world. The name British Isles is commonly used by geographers for the archipelago; in the Republic of Ireland, however, this name is considered to

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At the outset, it should be stated that while the expression 'The British Isles' is evidently still commonly employed, its intermittent use throughout this work is only in the geographic sense, in so far as that is acceptable. Since the early twentieth century, that nomenclature has been regarded by

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has led to a number of unusual arrangements between the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland and the United Kingdom. For example, citizens of Northern Ireland are entitled to the choice of Irish or British citizenship or both, and the Governments of Ireland and the United Kingdom consult on matters

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citizens can vote in every election for which British citizens are eligible. In the Crown dependencies, any resident can vote in general elections, but in Jersey and the Isle of Man only British citizens can run for office. These pre-date European Union law, and in both jurisdictions go further than

2913:. They exercise constitutional rights of self-government and judicial independence; responsibility for international representation rests largely with the UK (in consultation with the respective governments); and responsibility for defence is reserved by the UK. The United Kingdom is made up of four 3122:

The Council does not have executive powers but meets biannually to discuss issues of mutual importance. Similarly, the Parliamentary Assembly has no legislative powers but investigates and collects witness evidence from the public on matters of mutual concern to its members. Reports on its findings

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The population of England rose rapidly during the 19th and 20th centuries, whereas the populations of Scotland and Wales showed little increase during the 20th century; the population of Scotland has remained unchanged since 1951. Ireland for most of its history had much the same population density

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Not only are the English Channel and the Southern North Sea, in particular, the busiest shipping clearways in the world, but the seas are also sources of the European community's industrial wealth (fisheries, petroleum, aggregates, and power) and sinks for the disposal of refuse from its intensely

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The United Kingdom and Ireland have separate media, although British television, newspapers and magazines are widely available in Ireland, giving people in Ireland a high level of familiarity with the culture of the United Kingdom. Irish newspapers are also available in the UK, and Irish state and

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does not officially recognise the term, and its embassy in London discourages its use. "Britain and Ireland" is used as an alternative description, and "Atlantic Archipelago" has also seen limited use in academia. In official documents created jointly by Ireland and the United Kingdom, such as the

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Reciprocal arrangements allow British and Irish citizens specific voting rights in the two states. In Ireland, British citizens can vote in General and local elections, but not in European Parliament elections, constitutional referendums or presidential elections (for which there is no comparable

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As with most of Europe, prehistoric Britain and Ireland were covered with forest and swamp. Clearing began around 6000 BC and accelerated in medieval times. Despite this, Britain retained its primeval forests longer than most of Europe due to a small population and later development of trade and

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2.5 million years ago the British Isles were repeatedly submerged beneath an ice sheet which extended into the middle of the North Sea, with a larger ice sheet that covered a significant proportion of Scandinavia on the opposite side. Around 1.9 million years ago these two ice sheets frequently

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Some scholars, seeking to avoid the political and ethnic connotations of 'the British Isles', have proposed the 'Atlantic Archipelago' or even 'the East Atlantic Archipelago' (see, e.g. Pocock 1975a: 606; 1995: 292n; Tompson, 1986) Not surprisingly this does not seem to have caught on with the

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class which obliterated the remnants of Old English (Hiberno-Norman) and Gaelic Irish nobility in Ireland. The new ruling class was Protestant and English, whilst the populace was largely Catholic and Irish. This theme would influence Irish politics for centuries to come. When the monarchy was

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in England. Ireland, largely Catholic, was mainly loyal to the king, but by military conquest was subsumed into the new republic. Following defeat to the parliament's army, large scale land distributions from loyalist Irish nobility to English commoners in the service of the parliamentary army

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The British Isles comprise more than 6,000 islands off the north-west coast of continental Europe, including the countries of the United Kingdom of Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) and Northern Ireland, and the Republic of Ireland. The group also includes the United Kingdom crown

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is a team chosen from each national team and undertakes tours of the Southern Hemisphere rugby-playing nations every four years. Ireland plays as a united team, represented by players from both Northern Ireland and the Republic. These national rugby teams play each other each year for the

2737:. In 1534, King Henry VIII, at first having been a strong defender of Roman Catholicism in the face of the Reformation, separated from the Roman Church after failing to secure a divorce from the Pope. His response was to place the King of England as "the only Supreme Head in Earth of the 2603:

Viking invasions began in the 9th century, followed by more permanent settlements, particularly along the east coast of Ireland, the west coast of modern-day Scotland and the Isle of Man. Though the Vikings were eventually neutralised in Ireland, their influence remained in the cities of

3247:. A number of sports are popular throughout the British Isles, the most prominent of which is association football. While this is organised separately in different national associations, leagues and national teams, even within the UK, it is a common passion in all parts of the islands. 8081: 4171:

In some ways 'Atlantic Archipelago' is intended to do the work of including without excluding, and while it seems to have taken root in terms of academic conferences and publishing, I don't see it catching on in popular discourse or official political circles, at least not in a

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in the group, the largest two being Great Britain and Ireland. Great Britain is to the east and covers 83,700 sq mi (217,000 km). Ireland is to the west and covers 32,590 sq mi (84,400 km). The largest of the other islands are to be found in the

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became the more commonplace name for the island called Great Britain in the English language. However, the cognate 'alba' has given its name to Scotland in most Celtic languages : Alba in Scottish Gaelic, Albey in Manx, Albain in Irish and Alban in Cornish and Welsh.

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being the highest point on the islands at 1,345 m (4,413 ft). Other mountainous areas include Wales and parts of Ireland, although only seven peaks in these areas reach above 1,000 m (3,281 ft). Lakes on the islands are generally not large, although

2741:", thereby removing the authority of the Pope from the affairs of the English Church. Ireland, which had been held by the King of England as Lord of Ireland, but which strictly speaking had been a feudal possession of the Pope since the Norman invasion was declared 4872:(geography) A geographical (not political or constitutional) term for England, Scotland, Wales, and Ireland (including the Republic of Ireland), together with all offshore islands. A more accurate (and politically acceptable) term today is the British-Irish Isles. 3013:

report investigating how to strengthen the British sense of citizenship proposed to end this arrangement, arguing that "the right to vote is one of the hallmarks of the political status of citizens; it is not a means of expressing closeness between countries".

4743:, p. 65 "The syncere Intent, and faythfull Aduise, of Georgius Gemistus Pletho, was, I could..frame and shape very much of Gemistus those his two Greek Orations..for our Brytish Iles, and in better and more allowable manner." From the OED, s.v. "British Isles" 3776:

dependencies of the Isle of Man, and by tradition, the Channel Islands (the Bailiwicks of Guernsey and Jersey), even though these islands are strictly speaking an archipelago immediately off the coast of Normandy (France) rather than part of the British Isles.

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expanded rapidly elsewhere. A century later, it would cover one-third of the globe. Poverty in the United Kingdom remained desperate, however, and industrialisation in England led to terrible conditions for the working classes. Mass migrations following the

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England has a generally high population density, with almost 80% of the total population of the islands. Elsewhere in Great Britain and Ireland, high density of population is limited to areas around a few large cities. The largest urban area by far is the

3356:, by British engineering firm Symonds. Either tunnel, at 50 mi (80 km), would be by far the longest in the world, and would cost an estimated £15 billion or €20 billion. A proposal in 2007, estimated the cost of building a bridge from 598:

brings significant moisture and raises temperatures 11 °C (20 °F) above the global average for the latitude. This led to a landscape that was long dominated by temperate rainforest, although human activity has since cleared the vast majority of

2752:, and consequently the Crown of Ireland also. The subsequent 17th century was one of political upheaval, religious division and war. English colonialism in Ireland of the 16th century was extended by large-scale Scottish and English colonies in 4047:

A spokesman for the Irish Embassy in London said: 'The British Isles has a dated ring to it as if we are still part of the Empire. We are independent, we are not part of Britain, not even in geographical terms. We would discourage its useage

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to make certain decisions. (In the context of Northern Ireland, unionists are those who want Northern Ireland to remain a part of the United Kingdom and nationalists are those who want Northern Ireland to join with the rest of Ireland.) The

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is Europe's busiest airport in terms of passenger traffic, and the Dublin-London route is the busiest air route in Europe collectively, the busiest route out of Heathrow and the second-busiest international air route in the world. The

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to mark the northern frontier of their empire in 122 AD. At that time, Ireland was populated by a people known as Hiberni, the northern third or so of Great Britain by a people known as Picts and the southern two thirds by Britons.

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resulted in the dispersal of some of the islands' population and culture throughout the world, and rapid depopulation of Ireland in the second half of the 19th century. Most of Ireland seceded from the United Kingdom after the

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resulted in the distribution of the islands' population and culture throughout the world and a rapid de-population of Ireland in the second half of the 19th century. Most of Ireland seceded from the United Kingdom after the

2530:, which was gradually submerged as sea levels rose. However, the Irish Sea was formed before Doggerland was completely covered in water, with Ireland becoming an island roughly 6,000 years before Great Britain did. 5446: 1037:

and in documents drawn up jointly between the British and Irish governments, the archipelago is referred to simply as "these islands". British Isles is still the most widely accepted term for the archipelago.

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The term we favour here—Atlantic Archipelago—may prove to be of no greater use in the long run, but at this stage, it does at least have the merit of questioning the ideology underpinning more established

1255:("Gulf Stream"), which flows from the Gulf of Mexico, brings with it significant moisture and raises temperatures 11 °C (20 °F) above the global average for the islands' latitudes. Most Atlantic 2588:—traditionally by the Romano-Briton, Saint Patrick. As Europe, including Britain, descended into turmoil following the collapse of Roman civilisation, an era known as the Dark Ages, Ireland entered a 3749:

Oxford English Dictionary: "British Isles: a geographical term for the islands comprising Great Britain and Ireland with all their offshore islands including the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands."

3025:(RNLI), a charity that operates a lifeboat service, is also organised throughout the islands as a whole, covering the waters of the United Kingdom, Ireland, the Isle of Man, and the Channel Islands. 6174: 5419: 4855: 3021:, which is deliberately organised without regard to national boundaries on the basis that a service which is not political or religious should not recognise sectarian or political divisions. The 7555: 2921:

governments, meaning that each has its own parliament or assembly and is self-governing with respect to certain matters set down by law. For judicial purposes, Scotland, Northern Ireland and

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period, the north-western regions collided with the south-east, which had been part of a separate continental landmass. The topography of the islands is modest in scale by global standards.

7637: 7357: 594:, which is notably larger than other lakes in the island group, covers 390 square kilometres (151 sq mi). The climate is temperate marine, with cool winters and warm summers. The 5360: 3095:, with the purpose of building mutual understanding between members of both legislatures. Since then the role and scope of the body has been expanded to include representatives from the 1223:

is the deepest freshwater body in the British Isles, with a maximum depth of 310 m (1,017 ft). There are a number of major rivers within the British Isles. The longest is the

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aimed to consolidate Great Britain and Ireland into a single political unit, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, with the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands remaining as

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are numerous on coasts. There are about 250 bird species regularly recorded in Great Britain, and another 350 that occur with varying degrees of rarity. The most numerous species are

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in golf was originally played between a United States team and a team representing Great Britain and Ireland. From 1979 onwards, this was expanded to include the whole of Europe.

551:), and over six thousand smaller islands. They have a total area of 315,159 km (121,684 sq mi) and a combined population of almost 72 million, and include two 5569:

Shelta does in fact exist as a secret language as is used to conceal meaning from outsiders, used primarily in Gypsy business or negotiations or when speaking around the police.

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We should start with what I have called the Atlantic archipelago – since the term 'British Isles' is one which Irishmen reject and Englishmen decline to take quite seriously.

2778:" of 1688 repeated similar themes: a Catholic king pushing for religious tolerance in opposition to a Protestant parliament in England. The king's army was defeated at the 8562: 5780: 5625:

Three indigenous languages have died in the British Isles since around 1780: Cornish (traditionally in 1777), Norn (the Norse language of Shetland: c. 1880), Manx (1974).

2917:: England, Scotland and Wales, forming Great Britain, and Northern Ireland in the northeast of the island of Ireland. Of these, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have 10298: 7420: 7395: 5443: 1120:

to form the mountains and hills in northern Britain and Ireland. Baltica formed roughly the north-western half of Ireland and Scotland. Further collisions caused the

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Many larger animals, such as wolves, bears and European elk are today extinct. However, some species such as red deer are protected. Other small mammals, such as

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group, were inhabiting the islands. The Romans expanded their civilisation to control southern Great Britain but were impeded in advancing any further, building

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The islands enjoy a mild climate and varied soils, giving rise to a diverse pattern of vegetation. Animal and plant life is similar to that of the north-western

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was deglaciated and the English Channel flooded, with sea levels rising to current levels some 8,000 years ago, leaving the British Isles in their current form.

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Edwards, R.J.; Brooks, A.J. (2008). Davenport, J.J.; Sleeman, D.P.; Woodman, P.C. (eds.). "The Island of Ireland: Drowning the Myth of an Irish Land-bridge?".

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Another body established under the Good Friday Agreement, the British–Irish Council, is made up of all of the states and territories of the British Isles. The

3000:, which allows passport-free travel between most EU member states, and is the only member state with an opt-out from the obligation to join the Schengen Zone. 5637: 998:. Today, this name is seen by some as carrying imperialist overtones although it is still commonly used. Other names used to describe the islands include the 9446: 1190:

The islands are at relatively low altitudes, with central Ireland and southern Great Britain particularly low-lying: the lowest point in the islands is the

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in Ireland is made up of species that migrated primarily from Great Britain. The only window when this could have occurred was prior to the melting of the

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merged, essentially creating a land bridge between Scandinavia and northern Great Britain. Further south, there was a direct land bridge, now known as

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what was required by European Union law (EU citizens may only vote in local elections in both states and European elections in Ireland). In 2008, a

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British and Irish historians increasingly use 'Atlantic archipelago' as a less metro-centric term for what is popularly known as the British Isles.

1508: 1326:, though not native to Ireland, are also common there. Farmland hosts a variety of semi-natural vegetation of grasses and flowering plants. Woods, 4755:

Demography of immigrants and minority groups in the United Kingdom: proceedings of the eighteenth annual symposium of the Eugenics Society, London

4026: 4000: 2756:. Religious division heightened, and the king of England came into conflict with parliament over his tolerance towards Catholicism. The resulting 2643:, which conquered England, remain associated to the English Crown as the Channel Islands to this day. A century later, the marriage of the future 7894: 7322: 6201: 8190: 8001: 7517: 6772: 3788: 3408: 6027: 5807:"The United Kingdom's accession to the EC - Decolonisation: geopolitical issues and impact on the European integration process - CVCE Website" 3332:

has been raised since 1895, when it was first investigated. Several potential Irish Sea tunnel projects have been proposed, most recently the

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partial conquest of Ireland from 1169 led to the imposition of a new Norman ruling elite across much of Britain and parts of Ireland. By the

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There is mug to be said for considering the archipelago as a whole, for a history of the British or Anglo-Celtic isles or 'these islands'.

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private television are widely available in Northern Ireland. Certain reality TV shows have embraced the whole of the islands, for example

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is mild, moist and changeable with abundant rainfall and a lack of temperature extremes. It is defined as a temperate oceanic climate, or

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Continental Celtic includes Gaulish, Lepontic, Hispano-Celtic (or Celtiberian) and Galatian. All were extinct by the seventh century AD.

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in Northern Ireland is an exception, covering 150 square miles (390 km). The largest freshwater body in Great Britain (by area) is

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about 161 miles (259 km) in a southerly direction to enter the Atlantic Ocean via a 70-mile (113-kilometre) estuary below Limerick city

3669: 1281: 3280:. Also, since 2001, the professional club teams of Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Italy and South Africa compete against each other in the 2984:(EU). The UK was a member between 1 January 1973 and 31 January 2020, but the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands were not. Since the 1377:

have also been reintroduced to parts of southern England, following escapes from boar farms and illegal releases. Many rivers contain

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Domestic animals include the Connemara pony, Shetland pony, English Mastiff, Irish wolfhound and many varieties of cattle and sheep.

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Jacobi, Roger; Higham, Tom. "12 - The Later Upper Palaeolithic Recolonisation of Britain: New Results from AMS Radiocarbon Dating".

4688: 851:'the Brettanic Islands' or 'the British Isles'. According to Rivet and Smith, this name encompassed "Britain with Ireland". 8237: 8096: 8048: 6777: 3412: 3076: 2541:

coast of Great Britain. In contrast, the earliest evidence of human activity on the island of Ireland dates from 12,500 years ago.

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Historians today, though not in absolute agreement, largely agree that these Greek and Latin names were probably drawn from native

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and common toads also being absent from Ireland. This pattern is also true for birds and insects. Notable exceptions include the

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Few species of reptiles or amphibians are found in Great Britain or Ireland. Only three snakes are native to Great Britain: the

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The earliest known references to the islands as a group appeared in the writings of seafarers from the ancient Greek colony of

5972: 5385: 3190:, seasons 3, 4 and 7 of which featured auditions in Dublin and were open to Irish voters, whilst the show previously known as 650:

invasions began in the 9th century, followed by more permanent settlements and political change, particularly in England. The

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The first evidence of human activity on the islands dates from 840,000 or 950,000 years ago, based in flint tools found near

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before 14,000 BC, and was not inhabited until after 8000 BC. Great Britain became an island by 7000 BC with the flooding of

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Irish historical studies: Joint Journal of the Irish Historical Society and the Ulster Society for Irish Historical Studies

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The oldest rocks are 2.7 billion years old and are found in Ireland, Wales and the north-west of Scotland. During the

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When we think about social work in the British Isles, a contentious term if ever there was one, what do we expect to see?

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restored in England, the king found it politically impossible to restore the lands of former landowners in Ireland. The "

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The linguistic heritage of the British Isles is rich, with twelve languages from six groups across four branches of the

10310: 10235: 10186: 9988: 9574: 9242: 8287: 8267: 8210: 8175: 7823: 7791: 7755: 6972: 6899: 3260: 2925:(the latter being one entity) form separate legal jurisdictions, with there being no single law for the UK as a whole. 1492: 1452:; none are native to Ireland. In general, Great Britain has slightly more variation and native wildlife, with weasels, 5525:

Waddel, John; Conroy, Jane (1999), Spriggs, Matthew (ed.), "Celts and Other: Maritime Contact and Linguistic Change",

5412:"Mid-2010 Population Estimates for 2001 Census defined Urban Areas in England and Wales by Single Year of Age and Sex" 10315: 10181: 10132: 9504: 8282: 8180: 7835: 7828: 7695: 7660: 7645: 7545: 5080: 4970: 4884: 3894: 3643: 3256: 3252: 2856: 2465: 1159: 10424: 10193: 10176: 10142: 10137: 10061: 9373: 8968: 8367: 7919: 7877: 7801: 7796: 7700: 7578: 6631: 5718: 3092: 2937: 1691: 1520: 1071: 748: 10036: 1248: 179: 10120: 10115: 9398: 9001: 8866: 8430: 8247: 8185: 8111: 7806: 7655: 7602: 7565: 7530: 7504: 7405: 3420: 3304: 3264: 3038: 2914: 2889:

of the subdivisions of the British Isles. Geographical subdivisions are in green, political subdivisions in blue.

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The British Isles lie at the juncture of several regions with past episodes of tectonic mountain building. These

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The British Seas: an Introduction to the Oceanography and Resources of the North-west European Continental Shelf

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British Have Changed Little Since Ice Age, Gene Study SaysJames Owen for National Geographic News, 19 July 2005

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arrived as Roman power waned in the 5th century, and eventually they dominated the bulk of what is now England.

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See Article 4 of Protocol (No 19) on the Schengen Acquis integrated into the framework of the European Union (

571:, are normally taken to be part of the British Isles, even though geographically they do not form part of the 10260: 10164: 10159: 9919: 9877: 9818: 9711: 9524: 9393: 9302: 8819: 8586: 8392: 8322: 8292: 8262: 8227: 8129: 8101: 8019: 7927: 7811: 7590: 7340: 6977: 5153: 3140: 2835:(1919–1922), with the six counties that formed Northern Ireland remaining as an autonomous region of the UK. 834: 4455: 3087:) predates the British–Irish Council and was established in 1990. Originally it comprised 25 members of the 34: 10414: 10409: 10228: 10080: 9887: 9868: 9860: 9777: 9549: 8705: 8629: 8601: 8547: 8350: 8340: 8277: 8232: 8205: 8058: 8043: 7740: 7715: 7650: 7540: 6935: 5597:

Thus, apart from the very young, there are virtually no monoglot speakers of Irish, Scots Gaelic, or Welsh.

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TREASURED ISLANDS the explorers guide to 200 of the most beautiful and intriguing islands... around britain

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and what is now known as Wales. Ireland had been unaffected by the Romans except, significantly, for being

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The History of Cartography: Cartography in prehistoric, ancient, and medieval Europe and the Mediterranean

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form a complex geology that records a huge and varied span of Earth's history. Of particular note was the

638:, inhabited the islands at the beginning of the 1st millennium BC. Much of Brittonic-occupied Britain was 10127: 9938: 9352: 9347: 8963: 8596: 8574: 8542: 8537: 8519: 8460: 8382: 8372: 8307: 8170: 8134: 7932: 7710: 7349: 6987: 6914: 6599: 6531: 3929: 3186: 3148: 3041:

to develop policies common across the island of Ireland. These arrangements were made following the 1998

2860: 2585: 5692: 4269:"CAIN: Events: Peace: The Agreement - Agreement reached in the multi-party negotiations (10 April 1998)" 4201:

general public, though it has found increasing favour with scholars promoting the new 'British History'.

2748:

Scotland meanwhile had remained an independent Kingdom. In 1603, that changed when the King of Scotland

858:

names for the archipelago. Along these lines, the inhabitants of the islands were called the Πρεττανοί (

10419: 10362: 10171: 10105: 9950: 9792: 9744: 9636: 9631: 9408: 9403: 8859: 8656: 8557: 8397: 7270: 7014: 6909: 6889: 6626: 5293: 5141:

about 180 miles (290 km) long, with the Severn estuary adding some 40 miles (64 km) to its total length

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is the head of state of the United Kingdom, while in the Republic of Ireland the head of state is the

9378: 9132: 9093: 8792: 8552: 8357: 8330: 7840: 7720: 6767: 6556: 6211: 3281: 3104: 3070: 2965: 2949: 2929: 2828: 2761: 2496: 1727: 1709: 1528: 1524: 704: 639: 30: 5896: 3792: 3325:, opened in 1994, links Great Britain to France and is the second-longest rail tunnel in the world. 10149: 9749: 9596: 8690: 8220: 7860: 7607: 7047: 6919: 5642: 3277: 3211:

Many globally popular sports had their modern rules codified in the British Isles, including golf,

2798: 2686:. This title was granted to his younger son, but when Henry's heir unexpectedly died, the title of 2679: 2593: 2549: 1633:, is the dominant language, with few monoglots remaining in the other languages of the region. The 1562: 819: 635: 135: 10002: 6116: 2675: 946:

appears to have fallen out of use sometime after the Roman conquest of Great Britain, after which

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and Colin Smith in 1979 "the earliest instance of the name which is textually known to us" is in

575:. Under the UK Interpretation Act 1978, the Channel Islands are clarified as forming part of the 6152: 3017:

In addition, some civil bodies are organised throughout the islands as a whole—for example, the

2786:

in Ireland. Resistance held out, eventually forcing the guarantee of religious tolerance in the

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in 2011. A few cultural events are organised for the island group as a whole. For example, the

3177: 2819: 2765: 1544: 1273: 1252: 695: 5666: 5266: 4953:

Bradley, Raymond S. (2015). "Insects and Other Biological Evidence from Continental Regions".

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share executive posts proportionately and where the assent of both groups is required for the

1503: 10388: 9666: 9626: 9606: 9586: 9489: 9287: 9152: 8840: 8680: 8636: 8499: 8085: 7195: 7040: 6736: 6054: 6005: 5471: 4716: 4669: 4628: 3789:""British Islands" means the United Kingdom, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man. (1889)" 3555: 3514: 3416: 3240: 3169: 3116: 3042: 2906: 2770: 2726: 2660: 1055: 728: 723: 604: 419: 391: 383: 5258: 4268: 3966: 3960: 3923: 3673: 3165: 10333: 10213: 10012: 10007: 9782: 9601: 9342: 9337: 9277: 9212: 9117: 8700: 8641: 8606: 8494: 8467: 7978: 6814: 6656: 5307: 5191: 3862: 3300: 3212: 3018: 2985: 2974: 2872: 2868: 2648: 2544:

At the time of the Roman Empire, about two thousand years ago, various tribes, which spoke

1418: 1059: 1047: 744: 740: 631: 595: 436: 219: 6294: 6278: 3481: 2940:. In addition to this, voters in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland return members to a 975: 203: 8: 10031: 9997: 9966: 9956: 9904: 9899: 9892: 9802: 9787: 9734: 9681: 9676: 9651: 9509: 9307: 9237: 9180: 9097: 8923: 8777: 8695: 8673: 8668: 8651: 8646: 8624: 8514: 8472: 7280: 7200: 7057: 7004: 6992: 6693: 6365: 6254: 4451: 3205: 3096: 2957: 2952:. Governance in the norm is by majority rule; however, Northern Ireland uses a system of 2941: 2894: 2823: 2779: 2775: 2749: 2722: 2710: 2644: 2597: 2347: 2123: 1771: 1582: 1536: 1465: 1449: 1339: 1302:. There are however, fewer numbers of species, with Ireland having even less. All native 1081: 911: 846: 800: 768: 699: 679: 671: 556: 488: 484: 415: 395: 9772: 9424: 6578: 5751: 5195: 2674:

in 1169. Though initially intended to be kept as an independent kingdom, the failure of

10338: 10017: 9945: 9914: 9882: 9706: 9656: 9616: 9569: 9564: 9554: 9539: 9534: 9529: 9514: 9499: 9494: 9484: 9479: 9474: 9469: 9413: 9317: 9101: 9053: 9048: 8951: 8941: 8898: 8890: 8772: 8728: 8509: 8487: 8482: 8450: 8362: 7535: 7090: 7052: 7035: 6982: 6956: 6782: 6728: 5495: 4962: 4939: 4834: 3538: 3424: 3224: 3136: 3112: 3048: 2993: 2910: 2864: 2832: 2806: 2794: 2787: 2742: 2706: 2505: 2501: 2105: 2087: 1445: 1199: 1095: 1051: 708: 691: 687: 683: 513: 5832:"Relationship with European Union – Isle of Man Government – Chief Secretary's Office" 4673: 4494: 4459: 3208:

is handed out every year to the best album from a British or Irish musician or group.

2992:

of the European Union, and (together with the Crown dependencies) is now known as the

2693: 10085: 10024: 9961: 9909: 9797: 9739: 9701: 9691: 9671: 9661: 9646: 9641: 9621: 9591: 9559: 9544: 9519: 9455: 9292: 9267: 9247: 9227: 9217: 9107: 9089: 9058: 8991: 8908: 8882: 8787: 8733: 8335: 7260: 7151: 7009: 6560: 6539: 6518: 6495: 6467: 6446: 6425: 6397: 6371: 6347: 6326: 6230: 5726: 5614: 5586: 5558: 5530: 5502: 5259: 5209: 5025: 5015: 4966: 4838: 4758: 4696: 4634: 4504: 4222: 4189: 4160: 4131: 4074: 4008: 3970: 3933: 3890: 3819: 3764: 3703: 3337: 3201: 2961: 2953: 2783: 2757: 2738: 2640: 2553: 1943: 1629:, often to conceal meaning from those outside the group. However, English, including 1617:

spoken in the Channel Islands are similar to French, a language also spoken there. A

1362: 1299: 1256: 1144: 1084: 977: 3962:

British Culture of the Postwar: An Introduction to Literature and Society, 1945–1999

1425:. Fish are abundant in the rivers and lakes, in particular salmon, trout, perch and 10281: 9926: 9686: 9611: 9581: 9282: 9197: 9142: 9112: 9063: 9023: 9006: 8996: 8931: 8903: 8782: 8765: 8760: 8743: 8723: 8529: 7382: 7255: 7121: 7113: 7098: 7030: 6997: 6707: 5389: 5199: 4958: 4935: 4826: 4214: 3733:

is often used although technically not the name of the state but, according to the

3489: 3440: 3329: 3144: 3108: 2989: 2876: 2702: 2545: 1897: 1626: 1598: 1586: 1453: 1410: 1406: 1331: 1277: 1121: 1103: 884: 855: 780: 659: 343: 335: 120: 6418:

Donnchadh O Corrain; et al. (1 November 2001). Foster, Robert Fitzroy (ed.).

5638:"New research reveals British Isles buried under ice sheets 2.5 million years ago" 5235: 2682:

led Henry II, as King of England, to rule as effective monarch under the title of

2628:. The relations between the descendants of Vikings in England and counterparts in 1601:—the last of their continental relations were extinct before the 7th century. The 1314:

between the two islands 14,000 years ago approaching the end of the last ice age.

1076: 9322: 9297: 9085: 9068: 8913: 8455: 8345: 8036: 7996: 7275: 7164: 7126: 6868: 6809: 6685: 6489: 6461: 6440: 6419: 6341: 6320: 6265: 6062: 5835: 5450: 5361:"Shocking declines in bird numbers show British wildlife is 'in serious trouble'" 5094: 4814: 4438: 4413: 4388: 4363: 4342: 4004: 3698: 3603: 3591: 3373: 3314: 3244: 2970: 2881: 2687: 2683: 2177: 1799: 1618: 1602: 1590: 1578: 1558: 1532: 1414: 1413:. Farmland birds are declining in number, except for those kept for game such as 1370: 1354: 1346: 1180: 1010: 984: 881: 576: 564: 552: 363: 359: 193: 165: 59: 5124: 4990: 3037:. The Northern Ireland Executive and the Government of Ireland also meet as the 1286: 10376: 9829: 9272: 9262: 9257: 9252: 9232: 9222: 9137: 9080: 8973: 8936: 8068: 7949: 7887: 7448: 7331: 7240: 7235: 7230: 7141: 7131: 7103: 6851: 6834: 6829: 6698: 6385: 6206: 4609:. Vol. 1. Leipzig: sumptibus et typis Caroli Tauchnitii. pp. 59, 67. 4490: 3448: 3322: 3236: 3220: 3161: 3080: 2981: 2814: 2802: 2734: 2718: 2714: 2667: 2652: 2141: 2015: 1630: 1570: 1548: 1543:

as Great Britain (about one-third of the total population). However, since the

1394: 1378: 1195: 1184: 815: 667: 663: 655: 560: 540: 533: 529: 509: 355: 347: 339: 268: 105: 90: 7169: 5204: 5154:"Ice and our landscape | Geology of Britain | British Geological Survey (BGS)" 5029: 3620:. According to the Isle of Man Government, the Isle of Man has a land area of 3127:, has suggested that the body should shadow the British–Irish Council's work. 2932:, with their own separate parliaments. All parts of the United Kingdom return 1606: 367: 10398: 10343: 10271: 10266: 10056: 9368: 9167: 8124: 7685: 7583: 7372: 7367: 7136: 6819: 6361: 5924: 5901: 5730: 5513:

An introduction to the rich linguistic heritage of Great Britain and Ireland.

5213: 3357: 2997: 2886: 2632:, in northern France, lay at the heart of a series of events that led to the 2303: 1634: 1574: 1461: 1398: 1390: 1358: 1224: 1129: 517: 351: 246: 233: 150: 6511: 4157:

Archipelagic identities: literature and identity in the Atlantic Archipelago

4128:

Across the margins: cultural identity and change in the Atlantic archipelago

3556:"Règlement (1953) (Amendement) Sur l'importation et l'exportation d'animaux" 1519:

with 9 million inhabitants. Other major population centres include the

10218: 9931: 9327: 9157: 9028: 8946: 7991: 7362: 7285: 7250: 6549: 6535: 6390: 5312: 5009: 4469: 4108: 4103: 3124: 2790:. However, the terms were never honoured and a new monarchy was installed. 2664: 2573: 2565: 1441: 1335: 1228: 1000: 763: 643: 600: 7300: 3859:"Study Rewrites History of Ancient Land Bridge Between Britain and Europe" 3348:

in 2004. A rail tunnel was proposed in 1997 on a different route, between

3153: 2483: 1476:

and certain species of woodlouse native to Ireland but not Great Britain.

1140:

around 370 million years ago to reach its present northern latitude.

9312: 9190: 9175: 9147: 8983: 8477: 8407: 7265: 6846: 6746: 4689: 3248: 3157:

One Day Cricket International at Lord's; England v Australia 10 July 2005

2922: 2609: 2534: 2357: 2339: 1961: 1434: 1386: 1212: 1208: 591: 572: 525: 505: 387: 55: 7174: 5177: 4719:(April 1957). "The British Isles according to medieval Arabic authors". 3251:

is also widely enjoyed across the islands with four national teams from

1610: 711:(1919–1922), with six counties remaining in the UK as Northern Ireland. 590:, the highest mountain, rises to only 1,345 metres (4,413 ft), and 371: 9075: 7245: 7179: 3088: 2918: 2589: 2577: 2527: 2450: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2069: 2051: 1835: 1614: 1473: 1422: 1402: 1311: 1260: 1251:

system, a classification it shares with most of north-west Europe. The

1220: 1191: 1099: 616: 612: 608: 375: 9979: 9122: 8755: 8663: 7159: 5857: 5180:"Updated world map of the Köppen–Geiger climate classification" 4577:. Vol. 1. Leipzig: in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. pp. 112–113. 4012: 3341: 3318: 3288: 2928:

Ireland, the United Kingdom and the three Crown dependencies are all

2617: 2285: 2249: 1925: 1907: 1853: 1781: 1430: 1382: 1374: 1327: 1216: 1203: 1152: 1148: 874: 757:. The original records have been lost; however, later writings, e.g. 754: 715: 587: 407: 303: 8851: 5719:"First humans arrived in Britain 250,000 years earlier than thought" 3725:

The diplomatic and constitutional name of the Irish state is simply

3584: 2980:

Ireland is the only part of the isles that is a member state of the

2425: 9332: 9127: 8616: 6861: 6824: 6712: 6666: 6299: 6121: 4830: 3992: 3990: 3644:"Great Britain's tallest mountain is taller - Ordnance Survey Blog" 3361: 3353: 3053: 3004:

franchise in the United Kingdom). In the United Kingdom, Irish and

2629: 2613: 2581: 2401: 2393: 2321: 2213: 2033: 1997: 1933: 1817: 1753: 1642: 1594: 1566: 1469: 1319: 1176: 1172: 1164: 1125: 1117: 995: 930: 905: 825: 758: 694:. The expansion of the British Empire and migrations following the 675: 583: 548: 536: 189: 3982:

some critics to refer to Britain and Ireland as 'the archipelago'.

423: 9202: 9013: 8442: 6841: 6702: 6651: 4679: 4595: 4575:

Claudii Ptolemaei Opera quae exstant omnia (Syntaxis Mathematica)

4563: 3228: 3057: 2633: 2625: 2621: 2538: 2383: 2375: 2365: 2329: 2311: 2293: 2275: 2257: 2239: 2221: 2203: 2185: 2159: 2131: 2113: 2095: 2077: 2059: 2041: 2023: 2005: 1979: 1969: 1951: 1915: 1889: 1879: 1871: 1861: 1843: 1825: 1807: 1789: 1745: 1735: 1717: 1699: 1681: 1551:

that numbers fifteen times the current population of the island.

1350: 1137: 1133: 1114: 1110: 1091: 860: 772: 651: 521: 6661: 6584: 3987: 3594:, United Nations Environment Programme. Retrieved 9 August 2015. 1198:, Ireland, with an elevation of −3.0 metres (−9.8 ft). The 1143:

The islands have been shaped by numerous glaciations during the

611:. Ireland may have been connected to Great Britain by way of an 8738: 7210: 6856: 6741: 6641: 5946: 3608:

According to the UNEP, the Channel Islands have a land area of

3349: 3100: 2945: 2902: 2753: 2730: 2605: 2560: 2267: 1763: 1673: 1638: 1622: 1457: 1183:

near the coast of France. The most densely populated island is

1179:

and the Isle of Man between Great Britain and Ireland, and the

1168: 1107: 955: 924: 792: 647: 603:. The region was re-inhabited after the last glacial period of 568: 544: 450: 379: 4212: 1264:

cool summers; and north-east with cold winters, cool summers.

1231:

at 220 mi (354 km) is the longest in Great Britain.

8715: 6717: 6646: 4466:. Vol. 1. Paris: editore Firmin Didot. pp. 516–517. 3232: 2231: 2195: 2167: 2149: 1987: 1366: 1323: 1307: 1303: 1029:. Owing to political and national associations with the word 627: 623: 5444:

Mid-2010 population estimates – Settlements in order of size

4450: 1259:

pass to the north of the islands; combined with the general

1202:

in the northern part of Great Britain are mountainous, with

6636: 6079: 4474: 3624:. Therefore, the overall land area of the British Isles is 3436: 3173: 1426: 839: 185: 6466:. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. 3761:

World Geography of Travel and Tourism: A Regional Approach

3204:

are awarded to authors resident in the UK or Ireland. The

779:(around 325–320 BC) have survived. In the 1st century BC, 9454: 4468:

Greek text and Latin Translation thereof archived at the

4050: 878:

by the Romans occurred during the time of Julius Caesar.

4633:. Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press. p. 65. 4073:. Continuum International Publishing Group. p. 17. 3407:

Examples of relations within the British Isles include:

718:

name and not a political unit. In Ireland, the term is

6548:

A History of Britain—The Complete Collection on DVD by

5557:, Morrisville, North Carolina: Lulu Press, p. 41, 4071:

The Reformation in Britain and Ireland: an introduction

959:

geography and cartography in the medieval Islamic world

607:, by 12,000 BC, when Great Britain was still part of a 559:(which covers roughly five-sixths of Ireland), and the 4148: 10360: 6534:: At the Edge of the World, 3500 B.C. – 1603 A.D. by 5611:

The Death of the Irish Language: A Qualified Obituary

5585:, vol. 5, Oxford: Pergamon Press, p. 2505, 5178:

Peel, M. C.; Finlayson B. L.; McMahon, T. A. (2007).

4817:(1975). "British history: a plea for a new subject". 2893:

There are two sovereign states in the British Isles:

127: 6074: 4957:(Third ed.). Academic Press. pp. 377–404. 4733: 3813: 3085:

Tionól Pharlaiminteach na Breataine agus na hÉireann

2899:

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

968: 962: 561:

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

8429: 5256: 2705:, Great Britain was separated into the Kingdoms of 2690:and Lord of Ireland became entwined in one person. 994:in the English language is dated 1577 in a work by 6510: 6389: 5494: 5464:"Dublin Region Facts | Dublin Chamber of Commerce" 3606:, Isle of Man Government. Retrieved 9 August 2015. 1033:, the Government of Ireland does not use the term 4905: 4773:is not generally acceptable in Ireland, the term 4656:An etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language 4600:"Book II, Prooemium and chapter β', paragraph 12" 4568:"Ἕκθεσις τῶν κατὰ παράλληλον ἰδιωμάτων: κβ', κε'" 4251:World and its Peoples: Ireland and United Kingdom 4027:"New atlas lets Ireland slip shackles of Britain" 3954: 3952: 3429:United Kingdom - Crown Dependencies Customs Union 3379:Proposed British Isles fixed sea link connections 2805:, the Kingdoms of Ireland and Great Britain were 491:in the United Kingdom and associated territories. 58:. For those parts under British sovereignty, see 10396: 9859: 6322:Lords of Battle: The World of the Celtic Warrior 5580: 5529:, vol. 35, London: Routledge, p. 127, 4594: 4562: 4348: 4327: 4119: 4064: 4062: 3852: 3850: 3759:Alan, Lew; Colin, Hall; Dallen, Timothy (2008). 3227:and darts, as well as many minor sports such as 3052:Relations within the British Isles include both 1507:Population density per km of the British Isles' 1080:The British Isles in relation to the north-west 188:satellite image of the British Isles, excluding 5497:Languages of the British Isles Past and Present 5335:"t's official – the Wren is our commonest bird" 4605:. In Nobbe, Carolus Fridericus Augustus (ed.). 4460:"Periplus Maris Exteri, Liber Prior, Prooemium" 4444: 4253:, London: Marshall Cavendish, 2010, p. 8, 4206: 4177: 3758: 987:, mention the British Isles as twelve islands. 5693:"Prehistoric Ireland - Formation Of An Island" 4984: 4982: 4908:The Environment of the British Isles, an Atlas 4800:, Hodges, Figgis & Co., 1990, p. 98, 4154: 3958: 3949: 3638: 3636: 3634: 3091:, the Irish parliament, and 25 members of the 2670:(the only Englishman to be elected pope), the 9845: 9440: 8867: 7316: 6600: 4752: 4419: 4394: 4369: 4305: 4303: 4301: 4059: 3921: 3847: 3838: 3612:, the Republic of Ireland has a land area of 1227:in Ireland at 224 mi (360 km). The 722:, and there are objections to its usage. The 579:, not to be confused with the British Isles. 112: 6202:"London busiest air traffic route within EU" 5664: 5583:The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics 5524: 4856:British Civilization: A Student's Dictionary 4245: 4243: 4241: 4125: 4114:British Isles now reads Britain and Ireland. 3693: 3691: 3616:, and the United Kingdom has a land area of 1373:has been reintroduced in parts of Scotland. 157: 7330: 7063:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 6463:The World Economy: A Millennial Perspective 6439:Harley, John Brian; David Woodward (1987). 6199: 5973:"Isle of Man Government - Register to Vote" 5613:, Oxon: Taylor & Francis, p. 221, 5492: 5081:Ordnance Survey (Ireland) Educational Facts 4979: 3886:Celtic Culture: Aberdeen breviary-celticism 3832: 3631: 97: 82: 15: 9852: 9838: 9447: 9433: 8874: 8860: 7323: 7309: 6773:British–Irish Intergovernmental Conference 6607: 6593: 6384: 5781:"Jersey's relationship with the UK and EU" 4489: 4298: 4286: 4130:, Manchester University Press, p. 4, 4107:, London, 19 December 2008, archived from 3516:University of Glasgow Department of Celtic 3409:British–Irish Intergovernmental Conference 3321:are the busiest seaways in the world. The 2793:The Kingdoms of England and Scotland were 1282:List of trees of Great Britain and Ireland 654:conquest of England in 1066 and the later 178: 142: 16: 6343:Roman Britain and the English Settlements 5894: 5775: 5773: 5555:Charles G. Leland: The Man & the Myth 5203: 5062: 4546: 4544: 4238: 4188:, Cambridge University Press, p. 6, 3959:Davies, Alistair; Sinfield, Alan (2000), 3922:Payne, Malcolm; Shardlow, Steven (2002). 3818:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 49–50. 3816:Geological History of Britain and Ireland 3814:Woodcock, Nigel H.; Rob Strachan (2012). 3688: 3585:Country/Territory Index, Island Directory 2697:James VI of Scotland (James I of England) 2466:Learn how and when to remove this message 286:315,159 km (121,684 sq mi) 6224: 5752:"Earliest evidence of humans in Ireland" 5388:. Wildlife Britain. 2007. Archived from 5358: 5007: 4929: 4155:Schwyzer, Philip; Mealor, Simon (2004), 4024: 3856: 3160: 3152: 3064: 3047: 2880: 2692: 2559: 1502: 1285: 1075: 51:Group of islands in north-western Europe 24:This is an accepted version of this page 6339: 5998:"Standing in the 2022 General Election" 5608: 5122: 4952: 4906:Goudie, Andrew S.; D. Brunsden (1994). 4653: 4626: 4186:The Making of English National Identity 4068: 3740:, the state "may be described" as such. 2574:Roman power waned in the 5th century AD 1489:Demographics of the Republic of Ireland 1215:at 27.5 square miles (71 km), and 634:(southern Great Britain), all speaking 480: 54:This article is about the geographical 14: 10397: 6295:"From Twinbrook to the Trevi Fountain" 6175:"How you get TG4, RTE One and RTE Two" 6149:The Museum of Broadcast Communications 5770: 5716: 5690: 5581:J. M. Y. Simpson, R. E. Asher (1994), 5552: 5261:Regional Climates of the British Isles 5257:Mayes, Julian; Dennis Wheeler (1997). 4813: 4715: 4668: 4658:. Stirling: Eneas Mackay. p. 393. 4541: 4485: 4483: 4126:Norquay, Glenda; Smyth, Gerry (2002), 3580: 3578: 2996:. As such, Ireland is not part of the 9833: 9456:History of current European countries 9428: 8881: 8855: 8428: 7304: 6588: 6114: 6075:"Royal National Lifeboat Institution" 5453:General Register Office for Scotland. 5044:"These are Britain's biggest islands" 4910:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 2. 4219:The British Atlantic world, 1500–1800 4183: 3486:téarma.ie – Dictionary of Irish Terms 3464: 3346:The Institute of Engineers of Ireland 2725:. A similar situation existed in the 990:The earliest known use of the phrase 6778:British–Irish Parliamentary Assembly 6459: 6002:Vote.je - States of Jersey Elections 5921:Vote.je - States of Jersey Elections 4777:being widely used instead. I prefer 4709: 4662: 4616:from the original on 9 October 2022. 4584:from the original on 9 October 2022. 3882: 3413:British–Irish Parliamentary Assembly 3389:List of islands of the British Isles 3197:Britain and Ireland's Next Top Model 3077:British–Irish Parliamentary Assembly 2801:. Following an attempted republican 2477: 2448:adding citations to reliable sources 2419: 1499:Genetic history of the British Isles 973:. Arabic geographies, including the 731:, the term "these islands" is used. 10299:Post-war period (political history) 9389:History of the Mediterranean region 6487: 6242:urbanized and industrialized coats. 6200:McCárthaigh, Seán (31 March 2003). 6115:Purdy, Martina (28 February 2008). 5691:Chakra, Hayden (13 December 2021). 4932:Developments in Quaternary Sciences 4783:the North-West European Archipelago 4480: 4462:. In Firmin Didot, Ambrosio (ed.). 4221:, Palgrave Macmillan, p. 284, 3791:. Statutelaw.gov.uk. Archived from 3575: 3384:Extreme points of the British Isles 3023:Royal National Lifeboat Institution 2853:Politics of the Republic of Ireland 1535:(1.2 million) in Scotland and 1330:, mountain slopes and marshes host 922:), he gave these islands the names 609:peninsula of the European continent 48: 6508: 6438: 6417: 6360: 6340:Collingwood, Robin George (1998). 6311: 4991:"100 Largest Islands of the World" 4988: 4963:10.1016/b978-0-12-386913-5.00011-9 4940:10.1016/b978-0-444-53597-9.00012-1 4550: 4535: 4523: 4321: 4292: 4159:, Ashgate Publishing, p. 10, 4025:Sharrock, David (3 October 2006), 3857:McGreevy, Nora (2 December 2020). 3531:Office of The President of Tynwald 2713:. Power in Ireland fluxed between 1493:Demographics of the United Kingdom 1267: 49: 10436: 6614: 6571: 6346:. Biblo & Tannen Publishers. 6318: 6142: 6117:"Unionists urged to drop boycott" 5895:Johnstone, Neil (28 April 2023). 4309: 3998:Written Answers – Official Terms" 3670:"World Population Prospects 2017" 1160:136 permanently inhabited islands 961:, the British Isles are known as 909:(147–148 AD). In his later work, 887:referred to the larger island as 10382: 10370: 10304:Post-war period (social history) 9978: 9374:Bibliography of European history 8969:Fall of the Western Roman Empire 6763:Ireland–United Kingdom relations 6555:Shortened History of England by 6287: 6271: 6247: 6229:, London: Routledge, p. 5, 6218: 6193: 6167: 6136: 6108: 6099: 6087:from the original on 24 May 2023 6067: 6047: 5947:"Elections & Electoral Roll" 5665:Greenhalgh, Tate; Hendry, Lisa. 4496:The place-names of Roman Britain 3925:Social Work in the British Isles 3401: 3093:parliament of the United Kingdom 2942:devolved parliament in Edinburgh 2845:Ireland–United Kingdom relations 2745:in personal union with England. 2578:the north of what is now England 2482: 2424: 1521:Greater Manchester Built-up Area 1072:Geography of the Channel Islands 1009:(a term coined by the historian 749:Terminology of the British Isles 714:As a term, "British Isles" is a 202: 9399:History of Western civilization 9002:Christianity in the Middle Ages 8431:Countries of the United Kingdom 7531:Countries of the United Kingdom 6280:Tunnel 'vision' under Irish Sea 6020: 5990: 5965: 5939: 5909: 5897:"Who can vote in UK elections?" 5888: 5876: 5850: 5824: 5799: 5744: 5710: 5684: 5658: 5630: 5602: 5574: 5546: 5518: 5501:, British Columbia: Ladysmith, 5486: 5456: 5437: 5404: 5378: 5352: 5327: 5300: 5282: 5273: 5250: 5228: 5171: 5146: 5116: 5092: 5086: 5074: 5036: 5001: 4946: 4923: 4914: 4899: 4877: 4848: 4807: 4790: 4757:, Academic Press, p. 213, 4746: 4647: 4630:Ireland and the classical world 4620: 4588: 4556: 4529: 4517: 4429:Book IV. Chapter IV. Section 1 4404:Book IV. Chapter II. Section 1 4358:Book V. Chapter XXI. Section 2 4337:Book V. Chapter XXI. Section 1 4315: 4261: 4091: 4018: 3915: 3903: 3876: 3807: 3781: 3752: 3743: 3729:. For disambiguation purposes, 3421:North/South Ministerial Council 3305:Transport in the United Kingdom 3039:North/South Ministerial Council 2663:, a provincial king, and under 2435:needs additional citations for 1539:(1.9 million) in Ireland. 1531:(1.6 million) in England, 1482: 1064:Geography of the United Kingdom 516:, consisting of the islands of 512:off the north-western coast of 9243:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 9186:Christianity in the modern era 8957:Christianity in late antiquity 7526:Counties of the United Kingdom 7206:Northern Ireland Sign Language 6057:, Ministry of Justice: London 5416:Office for National Statistics 5131:. Encyclopædia Britannica, inc 5101:. Encyclopædia Britannica, inc 4864:(geography) see British Isles 4675:Arab Civilization to A.D. 1500 4379:Book I. Chapter IV. Section 2 3841:The Irish Naturalists' Journal 3719: 3662: 3561:Jersey Legal Information Board 3548: 3522: 3507: 3364:in Scotland at £3.5bn (€5bn). 3030:Northern Ireland peace process 2849:Politics of the United Kingdom 2782:and at the militarily crucial 2750:inherited the Crown of England 1648: 1132:periods, forming the hills of 13: 1: 9394:History of the European Union 6421:The Oxford History of Ireland 5359:Johnston, Ian (19 May 2017). 5265:. London: Routledge. p. 3457: 3141:Culture of the United Kingdom 2857:Ireland–Isle of Man relations 2803:revolution in Ireland in 1798 1645:became extinct around 1880. 1249:Köppen climate classification 1151:. As this ended, the central 916: 868:). The shift from the "P" of 807:, used αἱ Πρεττανικαί νῆσοι ( 640:conquered by the Roman Empire 630:(northern Great Britain) and 9861:History of the British Isles 8298:Universal basic income (UBI) 6509:Snyder, Christopher (2003). 6055:Citizenship: Our Common Bond 4607:Claudii Ptolemaei Geographia 3294: 2416:History of the British Isles 1517:Greater London Built-up Area 1322:, birch and pine. Beech and 1241:climate of the British Isles 1147:, the most recent being the 1068:Geography of the Isle of Man 1041: 840: 787:, "the British Island", and 734: 487:in the Republic of Ireland, 447:Western European Summer Time 7: 9353:Russian invasion of Ukraine 8964:Crisis of the Third Century 8303:Water supply and sanitation 8002:Weapons of mass destruction 7987:His Majesty's Naval Service 6424:. Oxford University Press. 5717:Sample, Ian (7 July 2010). 4654:MacBain, Alexander (1896). 3930:Jessica Kingsley Publishers 3367: 3149:Sport in the United Kingdom 2861:Politics of the Isle of Man 2838: 2678:to ensure the terms of the 2637:conquest of England in 1066 2495:to comply with Knowledge's 976: 969: 963: 828:, who referred to them as: 811:) to refer to the islands. 294:1,345 m (4413 ft) 84:Éire agus an Bhreatain Mhór 10: 10441: 9409:Military history of Europe 9404:Maritime history of Europe 8398:Stereotypes of the British 6579:interactive geological map 5864:. Gov.gg. 20 November 2015 5294:Royal Geographical Society 4573:. In Heiberg, J.L. (ed.). 4501:Princeton University Press 3330:tunnel under the Irish Sea 3298: 3134: 3130: 3068: 3035:Northern Ireland Executive 2842: 2721:and the English-dominated 2413: 2409: 2392: 2374: 2356: 2338: 2320: 2302: 2284: 2266: 2248: 2230: 2212: 2194: 2176: 2158: 2140: 2122: 2104: 2086: 2068: 2050: 2032: 2014: 1996: 1978: 1960: 1942: 1924: 1906: 1888: 1870: 1852: 1834: 1816: 1798: 1780: 1762: 1744: 1726: 1708: 1690: 1672: 1496: 1486: 1369:, are very common and the 1271: 1234: 1045: 829: 771:(6th century BC) and from 738: 674:, soon restricted only to 670:and the English-dominated 196:which are out of the frame 53: 10325: 10250: 10203: 10095: 10046: 9987: 9976: 9867: 9811: 9763: 9725: 9462: 9379:Genetic history of Europe 9361: 9166: 8982: 8922: 8889: 8813: 8714: 8615: 8563:First Minister and deputy 8528: 8441: 8437: 8424: 8420: 8321: 8161: 8152: 8110: 8027: 8018: 7977: 7918: 7787: 7783: 7774: 7636: 7564: 7516: 7512: 7503: 7436: 7348: 7339: 7223: 7188: 7150: 7112: 7089: 7082: 7075: 7023: 6965: 6949: 6934: 6877: 6802: 6795: 6755: 6727: 6684: 6677: 6622: 5667:"The making of an island" 5386:"Guide to British Snakes" 5205:10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007 4819:Journal of Modern History 3478:Na hOileáin bhriontanacha 3282:United Rugby Championship 3105:Northern Ireland Assembly 2966:Northern Ireland Assembly 2930:parliamentary democracies 2829:Irish War of Independence 2762:War of the Three Kingdoms 1728:West Yorkshire Urban Area 1710:West Midlands Conurbation 1597:) are the only remaining 1529:West Yorkshire Urban Area 1525:West Midlands conurbation 1027:British Isles and Ireland 705:Irish War of Independence 567:, off the north coast of 476: 472: 464: 460: 433: 406: 401: 331: 323: 315: 310: 298: 290: 282: 274: 262: 225: 215: 210: 201: 177: 72: 8191:Environmental inequality 7048:Kingdom of Great Britain 6517:. Blackwell Publishing. 6460:Maddison, Angus (2001). 6253:"Tunnel under the Sea", 5858:"Guernsey and the World" 5834:. Gov.im. Archived from 5783:. Gov.je. Archived from 5643:University of Manchester 5527:Archaeology and Language 5008:Naldrett, Peter (2021). 4887:. Blackwellreference.com 4885:"Blackwellreference.com" 4862:British-Irish Isles, the 4739:John Dee, 1577. 1577 J. 4627:Freeman, Philip (2001). 4464:Geographi Graeci Minores 3590:13 December 2018 at the 3394: 3278:Six Nations Championship 3192:Britain's Next Top Model 3103:(Welsh Parliament), the 2799:Kingdom of Great Britain 2672:Angevins invaded Ireland 2572:Anglo-Saxons arrived as 2508:may contain suggestions. 2493:may need to be rewritten 1563:Insular Celtic languages 1290:Some female red deer in 636:Insular Celtic languages 31:latest accepted revision 10425:Archipelagoes of Europe 10133:Early medieval Scotland 9384:History of Christianity 6319:Allen, Stephen (2007). 6283:, BBC, 23 December 2004 6264:3 November 2012 at the 6225:Hardisty, Jack (1990), 5917:"General Election 2022" 5308:"The climate of the UK" 5184:Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci 5129:Encyclopædia Britannica 5099:Encyclopædia Britannica 4493:; Smith, Colin (1979). 4184:Kumar, Krishan (2003), 3736:Republic of Ireland Act 3360:in Northern Ireland to 3328:The idea of building a 3310:London Heathrow Airport 3269:British and Irish Lions 2659:. At the invitation of 2594:responded with missions 1527:(2.4 million) and 1292:Killarney National Park 767:, that quoted from the 327:216/km (559/sq mi) 10177:Early medieval Ireland 10143:Late medieval Scotland 10138:High medieval Scotland 10111:Early medieval England 9505:Bosnia and Herzegovina 9208:Grand Duchy of Tuscany 8077:Science and technology 6494:. Bear & Company. 6488:Markale, Jean (1994). 6033:Isle of Man Government 5671:Natural History Museum 5290:"UK Climate Factsheet" 5069:Gazetteer for Scotland 4874: 4866: 4779:the Anglo-Celtic Isles 4769:The geographical term 4753:D. A. Coleman (1982), 4458:; et al. (1855). 4452:Marcianus Heracleensis 4099:"Guardian Style Guide" 4003:6 October 2012 at the 3494:Dublin City University 3433:European Single Market 3180: 3158: 3084: 3061: 3011:UK Ministry of Justice 2890: 2766:revolutionary republic 2698: 2655:, partially under the 2639:. The remnants of the 2569: 1511: 1295: 1274:Fauna of Great Britain 1087: 642:from AD 43. The first 402:Additional information 291:Highest elevation 158: 143: 128: 113: 98: 83: 10224:Early modern Scotland 10187:Late medieval Ireland 10182:High medieval Ireland 10121:Late medieval England 10116:High medieval England 10072:Protohistoric Ireland 9288:Industrial Revolution 8054:Free trade agreements 7196:British Sign Language 7041:Principality of Wales 6885:Bailiwick of Guernsey 6768:British–Irish Council 6756:Political cooperation 6737:Bailiwick of Guernsey 6325:. Osprey Publishing. 6061:27 March 2009 at the 5609:Hindley, Reg (1990), 5553:Varner, Gary (2008), 4867: 4859: 4678:. Beirut and London: 4356:Bibliotheca Historica 4335:Bibliotheca Historica 4069:Hazlett, Ian (2003). 3965:, Routledge, p. 3883:Koch, John C (2006). 3417:British Irish Council 3336:between the ports of 3170:the Open Championship 3164: 3156: 3117:High Court of Tynwald 3071:British–Irish Council 3065:British–Irish Council 3051: 3043:Good Friday Agreement 2934:Members of Parliament 2884: 2727:Principality of Wales 2696: 2661:Diarmait Mac Murchada 2600:of a similar nature. 2563: 1506: 1487:Further information: 1289: 1079: 1056:Geography of Scotland 841:hai Bretannikai nēsoi 805:Periplus maris exteri 729:Good Friday Agreement 724:Government of Ireland 605:Quaternary glaciation 435: • Summer ( 420:Western European Time 392:British Sign Language 144:Ny h-Ellanyn Goaldagh 10334:House of Plantagenet 10236:Early modern Ireland 10219:Early modern England 10214:Early modern Britain 10155:Early medieval Wales 10013:Prehistoric Shetland 10008:Prehistoric Scotland 9343:European debt crisis 9338:European integration 9278:Age of Enlightenment 9118:Republic of Florence 8403:World Heritage Sites 8196:Environmental issues 7900:Female party leaders 7541:Overseas territories 6815:Islands of the Clyde 6581:of the British Isles 6538:, BBC/Miramax, 2000 6532:A History of Britain 5838:on 25 September 2010 5493:WB Lockwood (1975), 5236:"Marine Climatology" 4858:, Routledge: London 4854:John Oakland, 2003, 4033:, UK, archived from 3863:Smithsonian Magazine 3763:. Oxford: Elsevier. 3676:on 27 September 2016 3648:Ordnance Survey Blog 3602:4 March 2016 at the 3301:Transport in Ireland 3213:association football 3033:not devolved to the 2986:partition of Ireland 2975:President of Ireland 2938:parliament in London 2873:Politics of Alderney 2869:Politics of Guernsey 2719:Hiberno-Norman lords 2649:Eleanor of Aquitaine 2598:Anglo-Saxon missions 2444:improve this article 1595:north-western France 1523:(2.4 million), 1419:red-legged partridge 1261:westerly circulation 1253:North Atlantic Drift 1060:Geography of Ireland 1048:Geography of England 1007:Atlantic archipelago 895:) and to Ireland as 830:αἱ Βρεταννικαί νήσοι 745:British Isles naming 741:Britain (place name) 668:Hiberno-Norman lords 596:North Atlantic drift 510:North Atlantic Ocean 220:North-western Europe 10415:Northwestern Europe 10410:Geography of Europe 10311:Late modern Ireland 10205:Early modern period 10165:Late medieval Wales 10160:High medieval Wales 10032:Prehistoric Ireland 10003:Prehistoric England 9998:Prehistoric Britain 9726:States with limited 9308:Revolutions of 1848 9238:Early modern France 9019:Anglo-Saxon England 8924:Classical antiquity 7201:Irish Sign Language 7058:Kingdom of Scotland 6895:Bailiwick of Jersey 6878:Lists of islands of 6367:The Isles a History 6255:The Washington Post 6214:on 6 December 2010. 6155:on 14 December 2007 6083:. 12 January 2007. 5787:on 13 November 2010 5449:22 May 2013 at the 5221:Final Revised Paper 5196:2007HESS...11.1633P 5123:Wallenfeldt, Jeff. 4995:WorldIslandInfo.com 4825:(4): 601–21 (606). 4435:English translation 4410:English translation 4385:English translation 4037:on 16 February 2007 3731:Republic of Ireland 3544:on 24 February 2009 3482:"the British Isles" 3206:Mercury Music Prize 3097:Scottish Parliament 2950:assembly in Belfast 2909:, are known as the 2831:and the subsequent 2824:Highland Clearances 2780:Battle of the Boyne 2776:Glorious Revolution 2723:Lordship of Ireland 2676:the Irish High King 2645:Henry II of England 2348:Republic of Ireland 1772:Republic of Ireland 1537:Greater Dublin Area 1429:. Sea fish include 1219:(by volume) whilst 1019:Britain and Ireland 1015:British-Irish Isles 809:the Prettanic Isles 801:Marcian of Heraclea 769:Massaliote Periplus 707:and the subsequent 700:Highland Clearances 680:Union of the Crowns 672:Lordship of Ireland 557:Republic of Ireland 489:British Summer Time 485:Irish Standard Time 416:Greenwich Mean Time 396:Irish Sign Language 243: / 129:Eileanan Bhreatainn 69: 21:Page version status 10339:House of Lancaster 10292:World Wars (Wales) 10252:Late modern period 10229:Early modern Wales 10018:Prehistoric Orkney 9989:Prehistoric period 9414:Crusading movement 9318:Russian Revolution 9153:Hundred Years' War 9049:Maritime republics 8952:Early Christianity 8942:Hellenistic period 8899:Paleolithic Europe 8097:Telecommunications 8049:Economic geography 7905:Political scandals 7536:Crown Dependencies 7053:Kingdom of Ireland 7036:Kingdom of England 6783:Common Travel Area 6729:Crown Dependencies 6181:. 18 November 2015 5862:States of Guernsey 5474:on 10 October 2017 5050:. 11 November 2019 4870:British Isles, the 4684:Librairie du Liban 4354:Diodorus Siculus' 4333:Diodorus Siculus' 4312:, p. 172–174. 3470:The British Isles 3445:UK Internal Market 3425:Common Travel Area 3181: 3166:Pádraig Harrington 3159: 3137:Culture of Ireland 3113:States of Guernsey 3062: 2994:Common Travel Area 2911:Crown Dependencies 2891: 2865:Politics of Jersey 2833:Anglo-Irish Treaty 2788:Treaty of Limerick 2743:a separate kingdom 2699: 2570: 2106:Kingston-upon-Hull 1692:Greater Manchester 1545:Great Irish Famine 1512: 1446:barred grass snake 1296: 1200:Scottish Highlands 1113:collided with the 1106:periods, when the 1096:Caledonian orogeny 1088: 1052:Geography of Wales 891:(μεγάλη Βρεττανία 709:Anglo-Irish Treaty 692:Crown Dependencies 688:Acts of Union 1800 684:Acts of Union 1707 514:continental Europe 299:Highest point 77:Other native names 67: 27: 10420:Regions of Europe 10358: 10357: 10241:Early modern Mann 10128:Medieval Scotland 10086:Sub-Roman Britain 10081:End of Roman rule 10025:Prehistoric Wales 9827: 9826: 9422: 9421: 9348:COVID-19 pandemic 9293:French Revolution 9268:Habsburg monarchy 9248:Cossack Hetmanate 9228:Portuguese Empire 9218:Absolute monarchy 9213:Thirty Years' War 9108:Holy Roman Empire 9033:Bulgarian Empire 8992:Early Middle Ages 8909:Bronze Age Europe 8883:History of Europe 8849: 8848: 8809: 8808: 8805: 8804: 8801: 8800: 8416: 8415: 8148: 8147: 8014: 8013: 8010: 8009: 7895:Political parties 7819:Foreign relations 7770: 7769: 7766: 7765: 7499: 7498: 7476:Mass surveillance 7454:Foreign relations 7387:Second World War 7298: 7297: 7294: 7293: 7219: 7218: 7071: 7070: 6930: 6929: 6791: 6790: 6565:978-0-14-023323-0 6544:978-0-7868-6675-5 6524:978-0-631-22260-6 6501:978-0-89281-452-7 6491:King of the Celts 6473:978-92-64-18654-5 6452:978-0-226-31633-8 6431:978-0-19-280202-6 6403:978-0-465-02329-5 6377:978-0-333-69283-7 6353:978-0-8196-1160-4 6332:978-1-84176-948-6 6303:. 21 August 2007. 6236:978-0-415-03586-6 6053:Goldsmith, 2008, 5953:. 2 December 2019 5620:978-0-415-04339-7 5592:978-0-08-035943-4 5564:978-1-4357-4394-6 5536:978-0-415-11786-9 5508:978-0-233-96666-3 5468:www.dubchamber.ie 5279:Ibid., pp. 13–14. 5021:978-1-84486-593-2 4764:978-0-12-179780-5 4722:Islamic Quarterly 4702:978-0-582-50273-4 4640:978-0-292-72518-8 4510:978-0-691-03953-4 4477: 4273:cain.ulster.ac.uk 4228:978-0-333-96340-1 4195:978-0-521-77736-0 4166:978-0-7546-3584-0 4137:978-0-7190-5749-6 4080:978-0-567-08280-0 3976:978-0-415-12811-7 3939:978-1-85302-833-5 3825:978-1-1182-7403-3 3770:978-0-7506-7978-7 3704:Britannica Online 3317:and the southern 3202:Costa Book Awards 2923:England and Wales 2915:constituent parts 2784:Battle of Aughrim 2758:English Civil War 2739:Church of England 2680:Treaty of Windsor 2641:Duchy of Normandy 2523: 2522: 2497:quality standards 2476: 2475: 2468: 2407: 2406: 1944:Brighton and Hove 1456:, wildcats, most 1300:European mainland 1145:Quaternary Period 1085:continental shelf 970:Jazāʾir Barṭīniya 964:Jazāʾir Barṭāniya 899:(μικρὰ Βρεττανία 850: 838: 795:used Βρεττανική ( 791:, "the Britons". 498: 497: 319:71,891,524 (2019) 159:Îles Britanniques 18: 10432: 10387: 10386: 10385: 10375: 10374: 10373: 10366: 10316:Late modern Mann 10287:Second World War 10272:Edwardian period 10267:Victorian period 10172:Medieval Ireland 10106:Medieval England 10048:Classical period 10037:Prehistoric Mann 9982: 9939:Northern Ireland 9854: 9847: 9840: 9831: 9830: 9764:Dependencies and 9463:Sovereign states 9449: 9442: 9435: 9426: 9425: 9283:Great Divergence 9198:Age of Discovery 9143:Late Middle Ages 9113:High Middle Ages 9024:Byzantine Empire 9007:Christianization 8997:Migration Period 8932:Classical Greece 8904:Neolithic Europe 8876: 8869: 8862: 8853: 8852: 8829: 8822: 8530:Northern Ireland 8439: 8438: 8426: 8425: 8422: 8421: 8159: 8158: 8072: 8025: 8024: 7883:House of Commons 7851:Local government 7785: 7784: 7781: 7780: 7691:Renewable energy 7676:hydroelectricity 7514: 7513: 7510: 7509: 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Archived from 5460: 5454: 5441: 5435: 5434: 5432: 5430: 5424: 5418:. Archived from 5408: 5402: 5401: 5399: 5397: 5382: 5376: 5375: 5373: 5371: 5356: 5350: 5349: 5347: 5345: 5331: 5325: 5324: 5322: 5320: 5304: 5298: 5297: 5286: 5280: 5277: 5271: 5270: 5264: 5254: 5248: 5247: 5245: 5243: 5232: 5226: 5217: 5207: 5190:(5): 1633–1644. 5175: 5169: 5168: 5166: 5164: 5150: 5144: 5143: 5138: 5136: 5120: 5114: 5113: 5108: 5106: 5090: 5084: 5078: 5072: 5066: 5060: 5059: 5057: 5055: 5040: 5034: 5033: 5005: 4999: 4998: 4989:Calder, Joshua. 4986: 4977: 4976: 4955:Paleoclimatology 4950: 4944: 4943: 4927: 4921: 4918: 4912: 4911: 4903: 4897: 4896: 4894: 4892: 4881: 4875: 4852: 4846: 4845: 4815:Pocock, J. G. A. 4811: 4805: 4804: 4794: 4788: 4787: 4750: 4744: 4737: 4731: 4730: 4713: 4707: 4706: 4694: 4691: 4666: 4660: 4659: 4651: 4645: 4644: 4624: 4618: 4617: 4615: 4604: 4596:Claudius Ptolemy 4592: 4586: 4585: 4583: 4572: 4564:Claudius Ptolemy 4560: 4554: 4548: 4539: 4533: 4527: 4521: 4515: 4514: 4487: 4478: 4473: 4467: 4448: 4442: 4423: 4417: 4398: 4392: 4373: 4367: 4352: 4346: 4331: 4325: 4319: 4313: 4307: 4296: 4290: 4284: 4283: 4281: 4279: 4265: 4259: 4258: 4247: 4236: 4235: 4215:Michael Braddick 4213:David Armitage; 4210: 4204: 4203: 4181: 4175: 4174: 4152: 4146: 4145: 4123: 4117: 4116: 4111:on 24 May 2023, 4095: 4089: 4088: 4066: 4057: 4056: 4044: 4042: 4022: 4016: 3994: 3985: 3984: 3956: 3947: 3946: 3919: 3913: 3907: 3901: 3900: 3880: 3874: 3873: 3871: 3869: 3854: 3845: 3844: 3836: 3830: 3829: 3811: 3805: 3804: 3802: 3800: 3785: 3779: 3778: 3756: 3750: 3747: 3741: 3723: 3717: 3716: 3714: 3712: 3695: 3686: 3685: 3683: 3681: 3672:. Archived from 3666: 3660: 3659: 3657: 3655: 3640: 3629: 3627: 3623: 3619: 3615: 3611: 3582: 3573: 3572: 3570: 3568: 3552: 3546: 3545: 3543: 3537:, archived from 3536: 3526: 3520: 3519: 3511: 3505: 3504: 3502: 3500: 3490:Foras na Gaeilge 3468: 3451: 3441:EU Customs Union 3405: 3145:Sport in Ireland 3109:States of Jersey 2990:Amsterdam Treaty 2877:Politics of Sark 2703:Late Middle Ages 2665:the authority of 2518: 2515: 2509: 2486: 2478: 2471: 2464: 2460: 2457: 2451: 2428: 2420: 1898:Northern Ireland 1653: 1652: 1627:Irish Travellers 1603:Norman languages 1599:Celtic languages 1334:, wild grasses, 1278:Fauna of Ireland 1158:There are about 1122:Variscan orogeny 981: 972: 966: 921: 918: 893:megale Brettania 885:Claudius Ptolemy 845: 843: 833: 831: 785:Prettanikē nēsos 781:Diodorus Siculus 660:Late Middle Ages 553:sovereign states 506:group of islands 483: 440: 306: 265: 258: 257: 255: 254: 253: 248: 244: 241: 240: 239: 236: 206: 182: 169: 161: 154: 146: 139: 131: 124: 116: 114:Enesow Bretennek 109: 101: 99:Ynysoedd Prydain 94: 86: 70: 66: 39:6 September 2024 10440: 10439: 10435: 10434: 10433: 10431: 10430: 10429: 10395: 10394: 10393: 10383: 10381: 10371: 10369: 10361: 10359: 10354: 10353: 10321: 10320: 10282:Interwar period 10277:First World War 10246: 10245: 10199: 10198: 10097:Medieval period 10091: 10090: 10042: 10041: 9983: 9974: 9973: 9957:Channel Islands 9893:Isles of Scilly 9863: 9858: 9828: 9823: 9807: 9765: 9759: 9745:Northern Cyprus 9727: 9721: 9637:North Macedonia 9458: 9453: 9423: 9418: 9357: 9323:Interwar period 9298:Napoleonic Wars 9162: 9133:Mongol invasion 9086:Crown of Aragon 8978: 8918: 8914:Iron Age Europe 8885: 8880: 8850: 8845: 8832: 8825: 8818: 8797: 8710: 8611: 8524: 8433: 8412: 8317: 8273:Public holidays 8253:Life expectancy 8144: 8106: 8086:London Exchange 8082:Stock exchanges 8070: 8069:Pound sterling 8037:Bank of England 8006: 7997:Royal Air Force 7973: 7914: 7846:Law enforcement 7762: 7671:hydraulic frac. 7632: 7613:Lakes and lochs 7560: 7556:Former colonies 7495: 7491:Women's history 7466:Law enforcement 7432: 7378:First World War 7335: 7329: 7299: 7290: 7246:English Gypsies 7215: 7184: 7146: 7127:Scottish Gaelic 7108: 7067: 7019: 6961: 6938: 6926: 6873: 6869:Isles of Scilly 6810:Channel Islands 6787: 6751: 6723: 6673: 6618: 6613: 6574: 6569: 6557:G. M. Trevelyan 6525: 6502: 6478: 6476: 6474: 6453: 6432: 6408: 6406: 6404: 6396:. Basic Books. 6386:Ferguson, Niall 6378: 6354: 6333: 6314: 6312:Further reading 6309: 6308: 6293: 6292: 6288: 6277: 6276: 6272: 6266:Wayback Machine 6252: 6248: 6237: 6223: 6219: 6198: 6194: 6184: 6182: 6173: 6172: 6168: 6158: 6156: 6143:Moran, Albert. 6141: 6137: 6127: 6125: 6113: 6109: 6105:, February 2008 6104: 6100: 6090: 6088: 6073: 6072: 6068: 6063:Wayback Machine 6052: 6048: 6038: 6036: 6026: 6025: 6021: 6011: 6009: 5996: 5995: 5991: 5981: 5979: 5971: 5970: 5966: 5956: 5954: 5945: 5944: 5940: 5930: 5928: 5915: 5914: 5910: 5893: 5889: 5881: 5877: 5867: 5865: 5856: 5855: 5851: 5841: 5839: 5830: 5829: 5825: 5815: 5813: 5805: 5804: 5800: 5790: 5788: 5779: 5778: 5771: 5761: 5759: 5758:. 21 March 2016 5750: 5749: 5745: 5735: 5733: 5715: 5711: 5701: 5699: 5689: 5685: 5675: 5673: 5663: 5659: 5649: 5647: 5636: 5635: 5631: 5621: 5607: 5603: 5593: 5579: 5575: 5565: 5551: 5547: 5537: 5523: 5519: 5509: 5491: 5487: 5477: 5475: 5462: 5461: 5457: 5451:Wayback Machine 5442: 5438: 5428: 5426: 5422: 5410: 5409: 5405: 5395: 5393: 5392:on 8 March 2015 5384: 5383: 5379: 5369: 5367: 5365:The Independent 5357: 5353: 5343: 5341: 5333: 5332: 5328: 5318: 5316: 5306: 5305: 5301: 5288: 5287: 5283: 5278: 5274: 5255: 5251: 5241: 5239: 5234: 5233: 5229: 5176: 5172: 5162: 5160: 5152: 5151: 5147: 5134: 5132: 5121: 5117: 5104: 5102: 5095:"River Shannon" 5091: 5087: 5079: 5075: 5067: 5063: 5053: 5051: 5048:The Independent 5042: 5041: 5037: 5022: 5006: 5002: 4987: 4980: 4973: 4951: 4947: 4928: 4924: 4919: 4915: 4904: 4900: 4890: 4888: 4883: 4882: 4878: 4853: 4849: 4812: 4808: 4796: 4795: 4791: 4765: 4751: 4747: 4741:Arte Navigation 4738: 4734: 4714: 4710: 4703: 4695:. p. 160. 4686: 4667: 4663: 4652: 4648: 4641: 4625: 4621: 4613: 4602: 4593: 4589: 4581: 4570: 4561: 4557: 4549: 4542: 4534: 4530: 4522: 4518: 4511: 4503:. p. 282. 4491:Rivet, A. L. F. 4488: 4481: 4449: 4445: 4439:Perseus Project 4424: 4420: 4414:Perseus Project 4399: 4395: 4389:Perseus Project 4374: 4370: 4364:Perseus Project 4353: 4349: 4343:Perseus Project 4332: 4328: 4320: 4316: 4308: 4299: 4291: 4287: 4277: 4275: 4267: 4266: 4262: 4249: 4248: 4239: 4229: 4211: 4207: 4196: 4182: 4178: 4167: 4153: 4149: 4138: 4124: 4120: 4097: 4096: 4092: 4081: 4067: 4060: 4040: 4038: 4023: 4019: 4005:Wayback Machine 3995: 3988: 3977: 3957: 3950: 3940: 3920: 3916: 3908: 3904: 3897: 3881: 3877: 3867: 3865: 3855: 3848: 3837: 3833: 3826: 3812: 3808: 3798: 3796: 3787: 3786: 3782: 3771: 3757: 3753: 3748: 3744: 3724: 3720: 3710: 3708: 3699:"British Isles" 3697: 3696: 3689: 3679: 3677: 3668: 3667: 3663: 3653: 3651: 3650:. 18 March 2016 3642: 3641: 3632: 3626:315,159 km 3625: 3621: 3618:244,111 km 3617: 3613: 3609: 3607: 3604:Wayback Machine 3595: 3592:Wayback Machine 3583: 3576: 3566: 3564: 3554: 3553: 3549: 3541: 3534: 3528: 3527: 3523: 3513: 3512: 3508: 3498: 3496: 3480: 3469: 3465: 3460: 3455: 3454: 3406: 3402: 3397: 3374:British Islands 3370: 3315:English Channel 3307: 3297: 3276:as part of the 3151: 3133: 3119:(Isle of Man). 3073: 3067: 2971:British monarch 2879: 2841: 2809:, creating the 2807:unified in 1801 2795:unified in 1707 2715:Gaelic kingdoms 2688:King of England 2684:Lord of Ireland 2546:Celtic dialects 2519: 2513: 2510: 2500: 2487: 2472: 2461: 2455: 2452: 2441: 2429: 2418: 2412: 2178:Southend-on-Sea 1800:South Hampshire 1651: 1625:, is spoken by 1579:Scottish Gaelic 1533:Greater Glasgow 1501: 1495: 1485: 1371:European beaver 1284: 1270: 1268:Flora and fauna 1237: 1181:Channel Islands 1074: 1044: 1011:J. G. A. Pocock 919: 901:mikra Brettania 856:Celtic-language 751: 739:Main articles: 737: 664:Gaelic kingdoms 577:British Islands 565:Channel Islands 494: 456: 434: 429: 360:Scottish Gaelic 302: 263: 251: 249: 245: 242: 237: 234: 232: 230: 229: 197: 194:Channel Islands 173: 172: 163: 148: 136:Scottish Gaelic 133: 118: 103: 88: 79: 78: 63: 60:British Islands 52: 47: 46: 45: 44: 43: 42: 26: 12: 11: 5: 10438: 10428: 10427: 10422: 10417: 10412: 10407: 10392: 10391: 10389:United Kingdom 10379: 10356: 10355: 10352: 10351: 10346: 10341: 10336: 10330: 10329: 10327: 10323: 10322: 10319: 10318: 10313: 10308: 10307: 10306: 10301: 10296: 10295: 10294: 10284: 10279: 10274: 10269: 10261:United Kingdom 10257: 10256: 10254: 10248: 10247: 10244: 10243: 10238: 10233: 10232: 10231: 10226: 10221: 10210: 10209: 10207: 10201: 10200: 10197: 10196: 10191: 10190: 10189: 10184: 10179: 10169: 10168: 10167: 10162: 10157: 10150:Medieval Wales 10147: 10146: 10145: 10140: 10135: 10125: 10124: 10123: 10118: 10113: 10102: 10101: 10099: 10093: 10092: 10089: 10088: 10083: 10078: 10069: 10064: 10062:Roman Scotland 10059: 10053: 10052: 10050: 10044: 10043: 10040: 10039: 10034: 10029: 10028: 10027: 10022: 10021: 10020: 10015: 10005: 9994: 9993: 9991: 9985: 9984: 9977: 9975: 9972: 9971: 9970: 9969: 9964: 9954: 9948: 9943: 9942: 9941: 9936: 9935: 9934: 9924: 9923: 9922: 9920:Outer Hebrides 9917: 9915:Inner Hebrides 9912: 9907: 9897: 9896: 9895: 9890: 9878:United Kingdom 9874: 9873: 9871: 9865: 9864: 9857: 9856: 9849: 9842: 9834: 9825: 9824: 9822: 9821: 9819:European Union 9815: 9813: 9812:Other entities 9809: 9808: 9806: 9805: 9800: 9795: 9790: 9785: 9780: 9775: 9769: 9767: 9766:other entities 9761: 9760: 9758: 9757: 9752: 9747: 9742: 9737: 9731: 9729: 9723: 9722: 9720: 9719: 9714: 9712:United Kingdom 9709: 9704: 9699: 9694: 9689: 9684: 9679: 9674: 9669: 9664: 9659: 9654: 9649: 9644: 9639: 9634: 9629: 9624: 9619: 9614: 9609: 9604: 9599: 9594: 9589: 9584: 9579: 9577: 9572: 9567: 9562: 9557: 9552: 9547: 9542: 9537: 9532: 9527: 9525:Czech Republic 9522: 9517: 9512: 9507: 9502: 9497: 9492: 9487: 9482: 9477: 9472: 9466: 9464: 9460: 9459: 9452: 9451: 9444: 9437: 9429: 9420: 9419: 9417: 9416: 9411: 9406: 9401: 9396: 9391: 9386: 9381: 9376: 9371: 9365: 9363: 9359: 9358: 9356: 9355: 9350: 9345: 9340: 9335: 9330: 9325: 9320: 9315: 9310: 9305: 9300: 9295: 9290: 9285: 9280: 9275: 9273:Russian Empire 9270: 9265: 9263:British Empire 9260: 9258:Dutch Republic 9255: 9253:Swedish Empire 9250: 9245: 9240: 9235: 9233:Spanish Empire 9230: 9225: 9223:Ottoman Empire 9220: 9215: 9210: 9205: 9200: 9195: 9194: 9193: 9183: 9178: 9172: 9170: 9164: 9163: 9161: 9160: 9155: 9150: 9145: 9140: 9138:Serbian Empire 9135: 9130: 9125: 9120: 9115: 9110: 9105: 9083: 9078: 9073: 9072: 9071: 9066: 9061: 9056: 9046: 9045: 9044: 9039: 9031: 9026: 9021: 9016: 9011: 9010: 9009: 8999: 8994: 8988: 8986: 8980: 8979: 8977: 8976: 8974:Late antiquity 8971: 8966: 8961: 8960: 8959: 8949: 8944: 8939: 8937:Roman Republic 8934: 8928: 8926: 8920: 8919: 8917: 8916: 8911: 8906: 8901: 8895: 8893: 8887: 8886: 8879: 8878: 8871: 8864: 8856: 8847: 8846: 8844: 8843: 8838: 8831: 8830: 8823: 8815: 8814: 8811: 8810: 8807: 8806: 8803: 8802: 8799: 8798: 8796: 8795: 8790: 8785: 8780: 8775: 8770: 8769: 8768: 8758: 8753: 8752: 8751: 8749:First Minister 8746: 8741: 8731: 8726: 8720: 8718: 8712: 8711: 8709: 8708: 8703: 8698: 8693: 8688: 8683: 8678: 8677: 8676: 8666: 8661: 8660: 8659: 8657:First Minister 8654: 8649: 8639: 8634: 8633: 8632: 8621: 8619: 8613: 8612: 8610: 8609: 8604: 8599: 8594: 8589: 8584: 8583: 8582: 8572: 8567: 8566: 8565: 8560: 8555: 8545: 8540: 8534: 8532: 8526: 8525: 8523: 8522: 8517: 8512: 8507: 8502: 8497: 8492: 8491: 8490: 8480: 8475: 8470: 8465: 8464: 8463: 8458: 8447: 8445: 8435: 8434: 8418: 8417: 8414: 8413: 8411: 8410: 8405: 8400: 8395: 8390: 8385: 8380: 8375: 8370: 8365: 8360: 8355: 8354: 8353: 8343: 8338: 8333: 8327: 8325: 8319: 8318: 8316: 8315: 8310: 8305: 8300: 8295: 8290: 8285: 8280: 8275: 8270: 8265: 8260: 8255: 8250: 8245: 8240: 8235: 8230: 8225: 8224: 8223: 8218: 8208: 8203: 8198: 8193: 8188: 8183: 8178: 8173: 8168: 8162: 8156: 8150: 8149: 8146: 8145: 8143: 8142: 8140:Rail transport 8137: 8132: 8127: 8122: 8116: 8114: 8108: 8107: 8105: 8104: 8099: 8094: 8089: 8079: 8074: 8066: 8061: 8056: 8051: 8046: 8041: 8040: 8039: 8028: 8022: 8016: 8015: 8012: 8011: 8008: 8007: 8005: 8004: 7999: 7994: 7989: 7983: 7981: 7975: 7974: 7972: 7971: 7970: 7969: 7962:Prime Minister 7959: 7958: 7957: 7947: 7942: 7937: 7936: 7935: 7924: 7922: 7916: 7915: 7913: 7912: 7910:Shadow Cabinet 7907: 7902: 7897: 7892: 7891: 7890: 7888:House of Lords 7885: 7875: 7870: 7869: 7868: 7863: 7853: 7848: 7843: 7838: 7833: 7832: 7831: 7821: 7816: 7815: 7814: 7804: 7799: 7794: 7788: 7778: 7772: 7771: 7768: 7767: 7764: 7763: 7761: 7760: 7759: 7758: 7753: 7745: 7744: 7743: 7738: 7730: 7725: 7724: 7723: 7718: 7713: 7705: 7704: 7703: 7698: 7693: 7688: 7683: 7678: 7673: 7668: 7663: 7658: 7648: 7642: 7640: 7634: 7633: 7631: 7630: 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7012: 7007: 7002: 7001: 7000: 6995: 6990: 6985: 6978:United Kingdom 6975: 6969: 6967: 6966:Current states 6963: 6962: 6960: 6959: 6953: 6951: 6944: 6932: 6931: 6928: 6927: 6925: 6924: 6923: 6922: 6917: 6912: 6905:United Kingdom 6902: 6897: 6892: 6887: 6881: 6879: 6875: 6874: 6872: 6871: 6866: 6865: 6864: 6859: 6852:Northern Isles 6849: 6844: 6839: 6838: 6837: 6832: 6822: 6817: 6812: 6806: 6804: 6797: 6793: 6792: 6789: 6788: 6786: 6785: 6780: 6775: 6770: 6765: 6759: 6757: 6753: 6752: 6750: 6749: 6744: 6739: 6733: 6731: 6725: 6724: 6722: 6721: 6715: 6710: 6705: 6699:United Kingdom 6696: 6690: 6688: 6679: 6675: 6674: 6672: 6671: 6670: 6669: 6664: 6659: 6654: 6649: 6644: 6639: 6629: 6623: 6620: 6619: 6612: 6611: 6604: 6597: 6589: 6583: 6582: 6573: 6572:External links 6570: 6568: 6567: 6559:Penguin Books 6553: 6546: 6529: 6523: 6506: 6500: 6485: 6472: 6457: 6451: 6436: 6430: 6415: 6402: 6382: 6376: 6362:Davies, Norman 6358: 6352: 6337: 6331: 6315: 6313: 6310: 6307: 6306: 6286: 6270: 6259:(Archive link) 6246: 6235: 6217: 6207:Irish Examiner 6192: 6166: 6135: 6107: 6098: 6066: 6046: 6019: 5989: 5964: 5938: 5908: 5887: 5875: 5849: 5823: 5798: 5769: 5743: 5709: 5683: 5657: 5646:. 13 June 2018 5629: 5619: 5601: 5591: 5573: 5563: 5545: 5535: 5517: 5507: 5485: 5455: 5436: 5425:on 5 June 2013 5403: 5377: 5351: 5326: 5299: 5281: 5272: 5249: 5227: 5170: 5145: 5125:"River Severn" 5115: 5093:Ray, Michael. 5085: 5073: 5061: 5035: 5020: 5000: 4978: 4971: 4945: 4922: 4913: 4898: 4876: 4847: 4831:10.1086/241367 4806: 4789: 4763: 4745: 4732: 4708: 4701: 4661: 4646: 4639: 4619: 4587: 4555: 4540: 4528: 4516: 4509: 4479: 4443: 4418: 4393: 4368: 4347: 4326: 4324:, p. 150. 4314: 4297: 4285: 4260: 4237: 4227: 4205: 4194: 4176: 4165: 4147: 4136: 4118: 4090: 4079: 4058: 4017: 3986: 3975: 3948: 3938: 3914: 3902: 3895: 3875: 3846: 3831: 3824: 3806: 3780: 3769: 3751: 3742: 3718: 3687: 3661: 3630: 3614:70,282 km 3574: 3547: 3521: 3506: 3462: 3461: 3459: 3456: 3453: 3452: 3449:Pound Sterling 3399: 3398: 3396: 3393: 3392: 3391: 3386: 3381: 3376: 3369: 3366: 3323:Channel Tunnel 3296: 3293: 3237:pitch and putt 3168:teeing off at 3132: 3129: 3069:Main article: 3066: 3063: 2982:European Union 2840: 2837: 2815:British Empire 2811:United Kingdom 2769:created a new 2735:King of France 2668:Pope Adrian IV 2653:Angevin Empire 2554:Hadrian's Wall 2550:Insular Celtic 2521: 2520: 2490: 2488: 2481: 2474: 2473: 2432: 2430: 2423: 2414:Main article: 2411: 2408: 2405: 2404: 2399: 2396: 2391: 2387: 2386: 2381: 2378: 2373: 2369: 2368: 2363: 2360: 2355: 2351: 2350: 2345: 2342: 2337: 2333: 2332: 2327: 2324: 2319: 2315: 2314: 2309: 2306: 2301: 2297: 2296: 2291: 2288: 2283: 2279: 2278: 2273: 2270: 2265: 2261: 2260: 2255: 2252: 2247: 2243: 2242: 2237: 2234: 2229: 2225: 2224: 2219: 2216: 2211: 2207: 2206: 2201: 2198: 2193: 2189: 2188: 2183: 2180: 2175: 2171: 2170: 2165: 2162: 2157: 2153: 2152: 2147: 2144: 2139: 2135: 2134: 2129: 2126: 2121: 2117: 2116: 2111: 2108: 2103: 2099: 2098: 2093: 2090: 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872:to the "B" of 816:A. L. F. Rivet 736: 733: 541:Northern Isles 496: 495: 493: 492: 477: 474: 473: 470: 469: 466: 462: 461: 458: 457: 455: 454: 443: 441: 431: 430: 428: 427: 412: 410: 404: 403: 399: 398: 333: 329: 328: 325: 321: 320: 317: 313: 312: 308: 307: 300: 296: 295: 292: 288: 287: 284: 280: 279: 276: 272: 271: 269:Atlantic Ocean 266: 260: 259: 227: 223: 222: 217: 213: 212: 208: 207: 199: 198: 183: 175: 174: 171: 170: 155: 140: 125: 110: 95: 76: 75: 74: 73: 50: 28: 22: 19: 17: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10437: 10426: 10423: 10421: 10418: 10416: 10413: 10411: 10408: 10406: 10405:British Isles 10403: 10402: 10400: 10390: 10380: 10378: 10368: 10367: 10364: 10350: 10347: 10345: 10344:House of York 10342: 10340: 10337: 10335: 10332: 10331: 10328: 10324: 10317: 10314: 10312: 10309: 10305: 10302: 10300: 10297: 10293: 10290: 10289: 10288: 10285: 10283: 10280: 10278: 10275: 10273: 10270: 10268: 10265: 10264: 10263:(since 1707) 10262: 10259: 10258: 10255: 10253: 10249: 10242: 10239: 10237: 10234: 10230: 10227: 10225: 10222: 10220: 10217: 10216: 10215: 10212: 10211: 10208: 10206: 10202: 10195: 10194:Medieval Mann 10192: 10188: 10185: 10183: 10180: 10178: 10175: 10174: 10173: 10170: 10166: 10163: 10161: 10158: 10156: 10153: 10152: 10151: 10148: 10144: 10141: 10139: 10136: 10134: 10131: 10130: 10129: 10126: 10122: 10119: 10117: 10114: 10112: 10109: 10108: 10107: 10104: 10103: 10100: 10098: 10094: 10087: 10084: 10082: 10079: 10077: 10076:Roman Ireland 10073: 10070: 10068: 10065: 10063: 10060: 10058: 10057:Roman Britain 10055: 10054: 10051: 10049: 10045: 10038: 10035: 10033: 10030: 10026: 10023: 10019: 10016: 10014: 10011: 10010: 10009: 10006: 10004: 10001: 10000: 9999: 9996: 9995: 9992: 9990: 9986: 9981: 9968: 9965: 9963: 9960: 9959: 9958: 9955: 9952: 9949: 9947: 9944: 9940: 9937: 9933: 9930: 9929: 9928: 9925: 9921: 9918: 9916: 9913: 9911: 9908: 9906: 9903: 9902: 9901: 9898: 9894: 9891: 9889: 9888:Isle of Wight 9886: 9885: 9884: 9881: 9880: 9879: 9876: 9875: 9872: 9870: 9866: 9862: 9855: 9850: 9848: 9843: 9841: 9836: 9835: 9832: 9820: 9817: 9816: 9814: 9810: 9804: 9801: 9799: 9796: 9794: 9791: 9789: 9786: 9784: 9781: 9779: 9778:Faroe Islands 9776: 9774: 9771: 9770: 9768: 9762: 9756: 9753: 9751: 9750:South Ossetia 9748: 9746: 9743: 9741: 9738: 9736: 9733: 9732: 9730: 9724: 9718: 9715: 9713: 9710: 9708: 9705: 9703: 9700: 9698: 9695: 9693: 9690: 9688: 9685: 9683: 9680: 9678: 9675: 9673: 9670: 9668: 9665: 9663: 9660: 9658: 9655: 9653: 9650: 9648: 9645: 9643: 9640: 9638: 9635: 9633: 9630: 9628: 9625: 9623: 9620: 9618: 9615: 9613: 9610: 9608: 9605: 9603: 9600: 9598: 9597:Liechtenstein 9595: 9593: 9590: 9588: 9585: 9583: 9580: 9578: 9576: 9573: 9571: 9568: 9566: 9563: 9561: 9558: 9556: 9553: 9551: 9548: 9546: 9543: 9541: 9538: 9536: 9533: 9531: 9528: 9526: 9523: 9521: 9518: 9516: 9513: 9511: 9508: 9506: 9503: 9501: 9498: 9496: 9493: 9491: 9488: 9486: 9483: 9481: 9478: 9476: 9473: 9471: 9468: 9467: 9465: 9461: 9457: 9450: 9445: 9443: 9438: 9436: 9431: 9430: 9427: 9415: 9412: 9410: 9407: 9405: 9402: 9400: 9397: 9395: 9392: 9390: 9387: 9385: 9382: 9380: 9377: 9375: 9372: 9370: 9369:Art of Europe 9367: 9366: 9364: 9360: 9354: 9351: 9349: 9346: 9344: 9341: 9339: 9336: 9334: 9331: 9329: 9326: 9324: 9321: 9319: 9316: 9314: 9311: 9309: 9306: 9304: 9301: 9299: 9296: 9294: 9291: 9289: 9286: 9284: 9281: 9279: 9276: 9274: 9271: 9269: 9266: 9264: 9261: 9259: 9256: 9254: 9251: 9249: 9246: 9244: 9241: 9239: 9236: 9234: 9231: 9229: 9226: 9224: 9221: 9219: 9216: 9214: 9211: 9209: 9206: 9204: 9201: 9199: 9196: 9192: 9189: 9188: 9187: 9184: 9182: 9179: 9177: 9174: 9173: 9171: 9169: 9168:Modern period 9165: 9159: 9156: 9154: 9151: 9149: 9146: 9144: 9141: 9139: 9136: 9134: 9131: 9129: 9126: 9124: 9121: 9119: 9116: 9114: 9111: 9109: 9106: 9103: 9099: 9095: 9091: 9087: 9084: 9082: 9079: 9077: 9074: 9070: 9067: 9065: 9062: 9060: 9057: 9055: 9052: 9051: 9050: 9047: 9043: 9040: 9038: 9035: 9034: 9032: 9030: 9027: 9025: 9022: 9020: 9017: 9015: 9012: 9008: 9005: 9004: 9003: 9000: 8998: 8995: 8993: 8990: 8989: 8987: 8985: 8981: 8975: 8972: 8970: 8967: 8965: 8962: 8958: 8955: 8954: 8953: 8950: 8948: 8945: 8943: 8940: 8938: 8935: 8933: 8930: 8929: 8927: 8925: 8921: 8915: 8912: 8910: 8907: 8905: 8902: 8900: 8897: 8896: 8894: 8892: 8888: 8884: 8877: 8872: 8870: 8865: 8863: 8858: 8857: 8854: 8842: 8839: 8837: 8834: 8833: 8828: 8824: 8821: 8817: 8816: 8812: 8794: 8791: 8789: 8786: 8784: 8781: 8779: 8776: 8774: 8771: 8767: 8764: 8763: 8762: 8759: 8757: 8754: 8750: 8747: 8745: 8742: 8740: 8737: 8736: 8735: 8732: 8730: 8727: 8725: 8722: 8721: 8719: 8717: 8713: 8707: 8704: 8702: 8699: 8697: 8694: 8692: 8689: 8687: 8684: 8682: 8679: 8675: 8672: 8671: 8670: 8667: 8665: 8662: 8658: 8655: 8653: 8650: 8648: 8645: 8644: 8643: 8640: 8638: 8635: 8631: 8628: 8627: 8626: 8623: 8622: 8620: 8618: 8614: 8608: 8605: 8603: 8600: 8598: 8595: 8593: 8590: 8588: 8585: 8581: 8578: 8577: 8576: 8573: 8571: 8568: 8564: 8561: 8559: 8556: 8554: 8551: 8550: 8549: 8546: 8544: 8541: 8539: 8536: 8535: 8533: 8531: 8527: 8521: 8518: 8516: 8513: 8511: 8508: 8506: 8503: 8501: 8498: 8496: 8493: 8489: 8486: 8485: 8484: 8481: 8479: 8476: 8474: 8471: 8469: 8466: 8462: 8459: 8457: 8454: 8453: 8452: 8449: 8448: 8446: 8444: 8440: 8436: 8432: 8427: 8423: 8419: 8409: 8406: 8404: 8401: 8399: 8396: 8394: 8391: 8389: 8386: 8384: 8381: 8379: 8376: 8374: 8371: 8369: 8366: 8364: 8361: 8359: 8356: 8352: 8349: 8348: 8347: 8344: 8342: 8339: 8337: 8334: 8332: 8329: 8328: 8326: 8324: 8320: 8314: 8313:Welfare state 8311: 8309: 8306: 8304: 8301: 8299: 8296: 8294: 8291: 8289: 8286: 8284: 8281: 8279: 8276: 8274: 8271: 8269: 8266: 8264: 8261: 8259: 8258:Mental health 8256: 8254: 8251: 8249: 8246: 8244: 8241: 8239: 8236: 8234: 8231: 8229: 8226: 8222: 8219: 8217: 8214: 8213: 8212: 8209: 8207: 8204: 8202: 8201:Ethnic groups 8199: 8197: 8194: 8192: 8189: 8187: 8184: 8182: 8179: 8177: 8174: 8172: 8169: 8167: 8164: 8163: 8160: 8157: 8155: 8151: 8141: 8138: 8136: 8133: 8131: 8128: 8126: 8125:Bus transport 8123: 8121: 8120:Air transport 8118: 8117: 8115: 8113: 8109: 8103: 8100: 8098: 8095: 8093: 8090: 8087: 8083: 8080: 8078: 8075: 8073: 8067: 8065: 8064:Manufacturing 8062: 8060: 8057: 8055: 8052: 8050: 8047: 8045: 8042: 8038: 8035: 8034: 8033: 8030: 8029: 8026: 8023: 8021: 8017: 8003: 8000: 7998: 7995: 7993: 7990: 7988: 7985: 7984: 7982: 7980: 7976: 7968: 7965: 7964: 7963: 7960: 7956: 7953: 7952: 7951: 7948: 7946: 7943: 7941: 7940:Civil service 7938: 7934: 7931: 7930: 7929: 7926: 7925: 7923: 7921: 7917: 7911: 7908: 7906: 7903: 7901: 7898: 7896: 7893: 7889: 7886: 7884: 7881: 7880: 7879: 7876: 7874: 7871: 7867: 7866:republicanism 7864: 7862: 7859: 7858: 7857: 7854: 7852: 7849: 7847: 7844: 7842: 7839: 7837: 7834: 7830: 7827: 7826: 7825: 7822: 7820: 7817: 7813: 7810: 7809: 7808: 7805: 7803: 7800: 7798: 7795: 7793: 7790: 7789: 7786: 7782: 7779: 7777: 7773: 7757: 7754: 7752: 7749: 7748: 7746: 7742: 7739: 7737: 7734: 7733: 7731: 7729: 7726: 7722: 7719: 7717: 7714: 7712: 7709: 7708: 7706: 7702: 7699: 7697: 7694: 7692: 7689: 7687: 7686:North Sea oil 7684: 7682: 7679: 7677: 7674: 7672: 7669: 7667: 7664: 7662: 7659: 7657: 7654: 7653: 7652: 7649: 7647: 7644: 7643: 7641: 7639: 7635: 7629: 7626: 7624: 7621: 7619: 7616: 7614: 7611: 7609: 7606: 7604: 7601: 7597: 7594: 7593: 7592: 7589: 7585: 7584:Great Britain 7582: 7580: 7577: 7576: 7575: 7574:British Isles 7572: 7571: 7569: 7567: 7563: 7557: 7554: 7552: 7549: 7547: 7544: 7542: 7539: 7537: 7534: 7532: 7529: 7527: 7524: 7523: 7521: 7519: 7515: 7511: 7508: 7506: 7502: 7492: 7489: 7487: 7484: 7482: 7479: 7477: 7474: 7472: 7469: 7467: 7464: 7460: 7457: 7456: 7455: 7452: 7450: 7447: 7445: 7442: 7441: 7439: 7435: 7427: 7424: 7422: 7419: 7418: 7416: 7412: 7409: 7407: 7404: 7403: 7401: 7397: 7394: 7392: 7389: 7388: 7386: 7384: 7381: 7379: 7376: 7374: 7373:Edwardian era 7371: 7369: 7368:Victorian era 7366: 7364: 7361: 7359: 7356: 7355: 7353: 7351: 7347: 7344: 7342: 7338: 7333: 7326: 7321: 7319: 7314: 7312: 7307: 7306: 7303: 7287: 7284: 7282: 7279: 7277: 7274: 7272: 7269: 7267: 7264: 7262: 7259: 7257: 7254: 7252: 7249: 7247: 7244: 7242: 7239: 7237: 7234: 7232: 7229: 7228: 7226: 7222: 7212: 7209: 7207: 7204: 7202: 7199: 7197: 7194: 7193: 7191: 7187: 7181: 7178: 7176: 7173: 7171: 7168: 7166: 7163: 7161: 7158: 7157: 7155: 7153: 7149: 7143: 7140: 7138: 7135: 7133: 7130: 7128: 7125: 7123: 7120: 7119: 7117: 7115: 7111: 7105: 7102: 7100: 7097: 7096: 7094: 7092: 7088: 7085: 7081: 7078: 7074: 7064: 7061: 7059: 7056: 7054: 7051: 7049: 7046: 7042: 7039: 7038: 7037: 7034: 7032: 7029: 7028: 7026: 7024:Former states 7022: 7016: 7013: 7011: 7008: 7006: 7003: 6999: 6996: 6994: 6991: 6989: 6986: 6984: 6981: 6980: 6979: 6976: 6974: 6971: 6970: 6968: 6964: 6958: 6955: 6954: 6952: 6950:Island groups 6948: 6945: 6942: 6937: 6933: 6921: 6918: 6916: 6913: 6911: 6908: 6907: 6906: 6903: 6901: 6898: 6896: 6893: 6891: 6888: 6886: 6883: 6882: 6880: 6876: 6870: 6867: 6863: 6860: 6858: 6855: 6854: 6853: 6850: 6848: 6845: 6843: 6840: 6836: 6833: 6831: 6828: 6827: 6826: 6823: 6821: 6820:Great Britain 6818: 6816: 6813: 6811: 6808: 6807: 6805: 6803:Island groups 6801: 6798: 6794: 6784: 6781: 6779: 6776: 6774: 6771: 6769: 6766: 6764: 6761: 6760: 6758: 6754: 6748: 6745: 6743: 6740: 6738: 6735: 6734: 6732: 6730: 6726: 6719: 6716: 6714: 6711: 6709: 6706: 6704: 6700: 6697: 6695: 6692: 6691: 6689: 6687: 6683: 6680: 6676: 6668: 6665: 6663: 6660: 6658: 6655: 6653: 6650: 6648: 6645: 6643: 6640: 6638: 6635: 6634: 6633: 6630: 6628: 6625: 6624: 6621: 6617: 6616:British Isles 6610: 6605: 6603: 6598: 6596: 6591: 6590: 6587: 6580: 6576: 6575: 6566: 6562: 6558: 6554: 6551: 6547: 6545: 6541: 6537: 6533: 6530: 6526: 6520: 6515: 6514: 6507: 6503: 6497: 6493: 6492: 6486: 6475: 6469: 6465: 6464: 6458: 6454: 6448: 6444: 6443: 6437: 6433: 6427: 6423: 6422: 6416: 6405: 6399: 6394: 6393: 6387: 6383: 6379: 6373: 6370:. Macmillan. 6369: 6368: 6363: 6359: 6355: 6349: 6345: 6344: 6338: 6334: 6328: 6324: 6323: 6317: 6316: 6302: 6301: 6296: 6290: 6282: 6281: 6274: 6267: 6263: 6260: 6257:, 2 May 1897 6256: 6250: 6243: 6238: 6232: 6228: 6221: 6213: 6209: 6208: 6203: 6196: 6180: 6176: 6170: 6154: 6150: 6146: 6139: 6124: 6123: 6118: 6111: 6102: 6086: 6082: 6081: 6076: 6070: 6064: 6060: 6056: 6050: 6035: 6034: 6029: 6023: 6007: 6003: 5999: 5993: 5978: 5974: 5968: 5952: 5948: 5942: 5926: 5922: 5918: 5912: 5904: 5903: 5902:UK Parliament 5898: 5891: 5884: 5879: 5863: 5859: 5853: 5837: 5833: 5827: 5812: 5808: 5802: 5786: 5782: 5776: 5774: 5757: 5753: 5747: 5732: 5728: 5724: 5720: 5713: 5698: 5694: 5687: 5672: 5668: 5661: 5645: 5644: 5639: 5633: 5626: 5622: 5616: 5612: 5605: 5598: 5594: 5588: 5584: 5577: 5570: 5566: 5560: 5556: 5549: 5542: 5538: 5532: 5528: 5521: 5514: 5510: 5504: 5499: 5498: 5489: 5473: 5469: 5465: 5459: 5452: 5448: 5445: 5440: 5421: 5417: 5413: 5407: 5391: 5387: 5381: 5366: 5362: 5355: 5340: 5336: 5330: 5315: 5314: 5309: 5303: 5295: 5291: 5285: 5276: 5268: 5263: 5262: 5253: 5238:. Met Éireann 5237: 5231: 5224: 5222: 5215: 5211: 5206: 5201: 5197: 5193: 5189: 5185: 5181: 5174: 5159: 5158:www.bgs.ac.uk 5155: 5149: 5142: 5130: 5126: 5119: 5112: 5100: 5096: 5089: 5082: 5077: 5070: 5065: 5049: 5045: 5039: 5031: 5027: 5023: 5017: 5013: 5012: 5004: 4996: 4992: 4985: 4983: 4974: 4972:9780123869135 4968: 4964: 4960: 4956: 4949: 4941: 4937: 4933: 4926: 4917: 4909: 4902: 4886: 4880: 4873: 4871: 4865: 4863: 4857: 4851: 4844: 4840: 4836: 4832: 4828: 4824: 4820: 4816: 4810: 4803: 4799: 4793: 4786: 4784: 4780: 4776: 4775:these islands 4772: 4771:British Isles 4766: 4760: 4756: 4749: 4742: 4736: 4728: 4724: 4723: 4718: 4717:Dunlop, D. M. 4712: 4704: 4698: 4692: 4685: 4681: 4677: 4676: 4671: 4670:Dunlop, D. M. 4665: 4657: 4650: 4642: 4636: 4632: 4631: 4623: 4612: 4608: 4601: 4597: 4591: 4580: 4576: 4569: 4565: 4559: 4553:, p. 12. 4552: 4547: 4545: 4538:, p. 68. 4537: 4532: 4526:, p. 47. 4525: 4520: 4512: 4506: 4502: 4498: 4497: 4492: 4486: 4484: 4476: 4471: 4465: 4461: 4457: 4453: 4447: 4440: 4436: 4432: 4428: 4422: 4415: 4411: 4407: 4403: 4397: 4390: 4386: 4382: 4378: 4372: 4365: 4361: 4357: 4351: 4344: 4340: 4336: 4330: 4323: 4318: 4311: 4306: 4304: 4302: 4294: 4289: 4274: 4270: 4264: 4257: 4252: 4246: 4244: 4242: 4234: 4230: 4224: 4220: 4216: 4209: 4202: 4197: 4191: 4187: 4180: 4173: 4168: 4162: 4158: 4151: 4144: 4143:nomenclature. 4139: 4133: 4129: 4122: 4115: 4110: 4106: 4105: 4100: 4094: 4087: 4082: 4076: 4072: 4065: 4063: 4055: 4053: 4052: 4036: 4032: 4028: 4021: 4014: 4010: 4006: 4002: 3999: 3993: 3991: 3983: 3978: 3972: 3968: 3964: 3963: 3955: 3953: 3945: 3941: 3935: 3932:. p. 7. 3931: 3927: 3926: 3918: 3911: 3906: 3898: 3896:9781851094400 3892: 3888: 3887: 3879: 3864: 3860: 3853: 3851: 3842: 3835: 3827: 3821: 3817: 3810: 3795:on 7 May 2009 3794: 3790: 3784: 3777: 3772: 3766: 3762: 3755: 3746: 3739: 3737: 3732: 3728: 3722: 3707:. 12 May 2023 3706: 3705: 3700: 3694: 3692: 3675: 3671: 3665: 3649: 3645: 3639: 3637: 3635: 3605: 3601: 3598: 3593: 3589: 3586: 3581: 3579: 3563: 3562: 3557: 3551: 3540: 3533: 3532: 3525: 3518: 3517: 3510: 3495: 3491: 3487: 3483: 3479: 3476: 3473: 3467: 3463: 3450: 3446: 3442: 3438: 3434: 3430: 3426: 3422: 3418: 3414: 3410: 3404: 3400: 3390: 3387: 3385: 3382: 3380: 3377: 3375: 3372: 3371: 3365: 3363: 3359: 3358:County Antrim 3355: 3351: 3347: 3343: 3339: 3335: 3334:Tusker Tunnel 3331: 3326: 3324: 3320: 3316: 3311: 3306: 3302: 3292: 3290: 3285: 3283: 3279: 3275: 3270: 3266: 3262: 3258: 3254: 3250: 3246: 3242: 3238: 3234: 3230: 3226: 3222: 3218: 3214: 3209: 3207: 3203: 3199: 3198: 3193: 3189: 3188: 3179: 3175: 3171: 3167: 3163: 3155: 3150: 3146: 3142: 3138: 3128: 3126: 3120: 3118: 3114: 3110: 3106: 3102: 3098: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3082: 3078: 3072: 3060:arrangements 3059: 3055: 3050: 3046: 3044: 3040: 3036: 3031: 3026: 3024: 3020: 3015: 3012: 3007: 3001: 2999: 2998:Schengen Area 2995: 2991: 2987: 2983: 2978: 2976: 2972: 2967: 2963: 2959: 2955: 2954:power sharing 2951: 2947: 2943: 2939: 2935: 2931: 2926: 2924: 2920: 2916: 2912: 2908: 2904: 2900: 2896: 2888: 2887:Euler diagram 2883: 2878: 2874: 2870: 2866: 2862: 2858: 2854: 2850: 2846: 2836: 2834: 2830: 2825: 2821: 2816: 2812: 2808: 2804: 2800: 2797:creating the 2796: 2791: 2789: 2785: 2781: 2777: 2772: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2746: 2744: 2740: 2736: 2732: 2728: 2724: 2720: 2716: 2712: 2708: 2704: 2695: 2691: 2689: 2685: 2681: 2677: 2673: 2669: 2666: 2662: 2658: 2654: 2650: 2646: 2642: 2638: 2635: 2631: 2627: 2623: 2619: 2615: 2611: 2607: 2601: 2599: 2595: 2591: 2587: 2586:Christianised 2583: 2579: 2575: 2568:(9th century) 2567: 2562: 2558: 2555: 2551: 2547: 2542: 2540: 2536: 2531: 2529: 2517: 2507: 2503: 2498: 2494: 2491:This section 2489: 2485: 2480: 2479: 2470: 2467: 2459: 2449: 2445: 2439: 2438: 2433:This section 2431: 2427: 2422: 2421: 2417: 2403: 2400: 2397: 2395: 2389: 2388: 2385: 2382: 2379: 2377: 2371: 2370: 2367: 2364: 2361: 2359: 2353: 2352: 2349: 2346: 2343: 2341: 2335: 2334: 2331: 2328: 2325: 2323: 2317: 2316: 2313: 2310: 2307: 2305: 2304:Milton Keynes 2299: 2298: 2295: 2292: 2289: 2287: 2281: 2280: 2277: 2274: 2271: 2269: 2263: 2262: 2259: 2256: 2253: 2251: 2245: 2244: 2241: 2238: 2235: 2233: 2227: 2226: 2223: 2220: 2217: 2215: 2209: 2208: 2205: 2202: 2199: 2197: 2191: 2190: 2187: 2184: 2181: 2179: 2173: 2172: 2169: 2166: 2163: 2161: 2155: 2154: 2151: 2148: 2145: 2143: 2137: 2136: 2133: 2130: 2127: 2125: 2119: 2118: 2115: 2112: 2109: 2107: 2101: 2100: 2097: 2094: 2091: 2089: 2083: 2082: 2079: 2076: 2073: 2071: 2065: 2064: 2061: 2058: 2055: 2053: 2047: 2046: 2043: 2040: 2037: 2035: 2029: 2028: 2025: 2022: 2019: 2017: 2011: 2010: 2007: 2004: 2001: 1999: 1993: 1992: 1989: 1986: 1983: 1981: 1975: 1974: 1971: 1968: 1965: 1963: 1957: 1956: 1953: 1950: 1947: 1945: 1939: 1938: 1935: 1932: 1929: 1927: 1921: 1920: 1917: 1914: 1911: 1909: 1903: 1902: 1899: 1896: 1893: 1891: 1885: 1884: 1881: 1878: 1875: 1873: 1867: 1866: 1863: 1860: 1857: 1855: 1849: 1848: 1845: 1842: 1839: 1837: 1831: 1830: 1827: 1824: 1821: 1819: 1813: 1812: 1809: 1806: 1803: 1801: 1795: 1794: 1791: 1788: 1785: 1783: 1777: 1776: 1773: 1770: 1767: 1765: 1759: 1758: 1755: 1752: 1749: 1747: 1741: 1740: 1737: 1734: 1731: 1729: 1723: 1722: 1719: 1716: 1713: 1711: 1705: 1704: 1701: 1698: 1695: 1693: 1687: 1686: 1683: 1680: 1677: 1675: 1669: 1668: 1664: 1661: 1658: 1655: 1654: 1646: 1644: 1640: 1636: 1635:Norn language 1632: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1616: 1612: 1608: 1604: 1600: 1596: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1576: 1572: 1568: 1564: 1560: 1557: 1556:Indo-European 1552: 1550: 1546: 1540: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1510: 1505: 1500: 1494: 1490: 1480: 1477: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1438: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1412: 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The name 678:. The 1603 626:(Ireland), 592:Lough Neagh 573:archipelago 526:Isle of Man 388:Angloromani 368:Guernésiais 264:Adjacent to 250: / 226:Coordinates 56:archipelago 10399:Categories 9667:San Marino 9627:Montenegro 9607:Luxembourg 9587:Kazakhstan 9490:Azerbaijan 9076:Viking Age 8891:Prehistory 8744:Government 8652:Government 8647:Parliament 8363:Literature 8243:Innovation 8176:Demography 8071:(currency) 7920:Government 7878:Parliament 7802:Devolution 7797:Corruption 7732:Materials 7666:geothermal 7350:Chronology 7180:Sercquiais 6552:, BBC 2002 6159:17 October 5977:www.gov.im 5951:www.gov.gg 5868:12 October 5842:7 November 5791:7 November 5478:12 October 5242:30 January 5030:1257549460 4891:7 November 4431:Greek text 4406:Greek text 4381:Greek text 4360:Greek text 4339:Greek text 4048: [ 3567:2 February 3458:References 3299:See also: 3241:water polo 3135:See also: 3089:Oireachtas 3019:Samaritans 2946:in Cardiff 2843:See also: 2771:Ascendancy 2590:golden age 2528:Doggerland 2070:Birkenhead 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4217:(2002), 4041:24 April 4001:Archived 3868:31 March 3843:: 19–34. 3600:Archived 3588:Archived 3368:See also 3362:Galloway 3354:Holyhead 3338:Rosslare 3261:Scotland 3245:handball 3115:and the 3058:economic 2956:whereby 2919:devolved 2907:Guernsey 2897:and the 2839:Politics 2711:Scotland 2630:Normandy 2614:Limerick 2582:Cornwall 2402:Scotland 2394:Aberdeen 2322:Barnsley 2214:Plymouth 2034:Coventry 1998:Teesside 1934:Scotland 1818:Tyneside 1754:Scotland 1665:Country 1643:Shetland 1611:Jèrriais 1567:Goidelic 1470:roe deer 1454:polecats 1448:and the 1415:pheasant 1320:wych elm 1177:Anglesey 1173:Shetland 1165:Hebrides 1126:Devonian 1118:Avalonia 1082:European 996:John Dee 940:Almagest 906:Almagest 826:Polybius 759:Avienius 755:Massalia 676:The Pale 584:Silurian 549:Shetland 537:Hebrides 372:Jèrriais 247:54°N 4°W 216:Location 192:and the 190:Shetland 35:reviewed 10377:Ireland 10363:Portals 10326:Related 9946:Ireland 9883:England 9707:Ukraine 9657:Romania 9617:Moldova 9575:Ireland 9570:Iceland 9565:Hungary 9555:Germany 9550:Georgia 9540:Finland 9535:Estonia 9530:Denmark 9515:Croatia 9500:Belgium 9495:Belarus 9485:Austria 9480:Armenia 9475:Andorra 9470:Albania 9203:Baroque 9102:Majorca 9014:Francia 8820:Outline 8793:Symbols 8783:Culture 8766:tourism 8761:Economy 8724:History 8706:Symbols 8696:Culture 8674:tourism 8669:Economy 8625:History 8607:Symbols 8597:Culture 8580:tourism 8575:Economy 8538:History 8520:Symbols 8510:Culture 8488:tourism 8483:Economy 8451:History 8443:England 8393:Theatre 8388:Symbols 8346:Cuisine 8323:Culture 8293:Suicide 8263:Poverty 8228:Housing 8216:England 8154:Society 8130:Driving 8102:Tourism 8020:Economy 7928:Cabinet 7728:Hunting 7711:English 7608:Geology 7591:Climate 7341:History 7241:English 7236:Cornish 7231:British 7152:Romance 7122:Cornish 7099:English 7076:Society 6983:England 6973:Ireland 6957:Ireland 6941:outline 6936:History 6910:England 6890:Ireland 6842:Ireland 6703:England 6694:Ireland 6657:Britain 6652:Prydain 6479:22 July 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2024:England 2020:372,775 2006:England 2002:376,633 1984:481,082 1980:Cardiff 1970:England 1966:466,266 1952:England 1948:474,485 1930:482,005 1916:England 1912:508,916 1894:595,879 1890:Belfast 1880:England 1876:617,280 1872:Bristol 1862:England 1858:685,386 1844:England 1840:729,977 1826:England 1822:774,891 1808:England 1804:855,569 1790:England 1786:864,122 1746:Glasgow 1736:England 1718:England 1700:England 1682:England 1587:Cornish 1565:of the 1509:regions 1433:, cod, 1431:dogfish 1355:badgers 1347:rabbits 1340:bracken 1332:heather 1247:on the 1235:Climate 1225:Shannon 1138:equator 1134:Munster 1124:in the 1115:terrane 1111:Baltica 1031:British 948:Britain 931:Iwernia 866:Pretani 861:Priteni 849: 837:: 799:), and 773:Pytheas 656:Angevin 632:Britons 522:Ireland 508:in the 344:Cornish 336:English 184:A 2012 121:Cornish 9962:Jersey 9953:(Mann) 9910:Orkney 9798:Jersey 9740:Kosovo 9702:Turkey 9692:Sweden 9672:Serbia 9662:Russia 9647:Poland 9642:Norway 9622:Monaco 9592:Latvia 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