29:
268:â1970), and "expressive humanitarianism" (since 1970). They suggest we might currently be entering "a novel kind of defensive humanitarianism with roots in the expressive age, with automated interfaces, and with thick 'firewalls' between donors and recipients." However, a neat separation between donor and recipient is conventionally difficult to draw. The employment of 'local staff', the active call for help from people in need and the surge in local humanitarian organizations all suggest the intimate relation between donor and recipient.
114:
296:"The most important principles of humanitarian action are humanity, neutrality, independence and impartiality, which posits the conviction that all people have equal dignity by virtue of their being human based solely on need, without discrimination among recipients. Humanitarian organizations must refrain from taking part in hostilities or taking actions that advantage one side of the conflict over another, the action serves the interests of political, religious, or other agendas.
375:" telethon event was launched in the United States, effectively taking over the mediasphere and reaching hundreds of millions of households and viewers. It focused on appealing to the viewing public's empathy for the survivors of the disaster, allowing ordinary citizens to help in a collective relief effort by contributing money donations to
391:
has featured strongly in efforts to improve digital humanitarian work and produces a limited understanding of how a crisis is unfolding. It has been argued that Big Data is constitutive of a social relation in which digital humanitarians claim both the formal humanitarian sector and victims of crises
299:
These fundamental principles serve two essential purposes. They embody humanitarian actionâs single-minded purpose of alleviating suffering, unconditionally and without any ulterior motive. They also serve as background document to develop operational tools that help in obtaining both the consent of
383:
During the summer of 2010, when open fires raged across Russia, causing many to die from smog inhalation, the use of social media allowed digital humanitarians to map the areas in need of support. This is because
Russians who were hoping to be evacuated were posting online about the conditions they
379:
providing
Humanitarian aid to earthquake survivors. The telethon attracted support through a variety of celebrity musical performances and staged calls for empathy, using digital social networks to disseminate its appeal to the moral responsibility of the viewer-consumers who are able to reinforce
253:
factors that determine humanitarian action. The first approach is exemplified by
Michael Barnett's proposition to distinguish ages of "imperial humanitarianism" (late 19th century to 1945), "neo-humanitarianism" (1945â1989), and "liberal humanitarianism" (post-1990). Norbert Götz, Georgina Brewis,
131:
Scholars have generally observed that humanitarianism has increased in scope over time, as individuals and groups have expanded their definition of human life to groups beyond their immediate environment. Humanitarian governance has become increasingly complex and institutionalized over time.
104:
While humanitarianism on a local and national level can be traced far back in history, scholars of international politics tend to identify the advent of global humanitarian impulses to the 19th century. The creation of the
International Red Cross in 1863 is considered a key juncture in global
182:
of the positivists, who do not commit themselves to any religion but only to the data of experience, in the name of reason alone. It is indeed not at all necessary to resort to affective or transcendental concepts to recognize the advantage for men to work together to improve their
384:
were in which prompted thousands of
Russian bloggers to coordinate relief efforts online. The digital humanitarian efforts in Russia were crucial to responding to the fires in 2010 considering the Russian government was vastly unprepared to deal with such a large-scale disaster.
743:
204:
during the 1900s also pushed humanitarianism. The atrocious hours and working conditions of children and unskilled laborers were made illegal by pressure on
Parliament by humanitarians. The
1015:
480:
985:
739:
345:
on digital humanitarianism in which he states that humanitarianism's "origins are firmly rooted in the analogue age" with "a major shift coming". In 2015 he authored the book
1125:
105:
humanitarianism. The scope of humanitarianism has expanded over time alongside shifting perceptions of who counts as "human" and whose lives are worth saving.
455:
490:
139:
1279:
1038:
254:
and
Steffen Werther are advocates of the socioeconomic and cultural approach, arguing that there have been ages of "ad hoc humanitarianism" (up to
1743:
Wilson, Richard Ashby and
Richard D. Brown, eds., Humanitarianism and Suffering: The Mobilization of Empathy. Cambridge University Press, 2009.
867:
117:
Any insult or oppression of a man because he belongs to another race, another language or another social class than me, I regard as barbaric.
889:
2090:
1614:
de
Torrent, Nicholas: "Humanitarian Action Under Attack: Reflections on the Iraq War" Harvard Human Rights Journal, Volume 17, Spring 2004
517:
1007:
445:
2004:
1068:
975:
2107:
1694:
47:
practice benevolent treatment and provide assistance to other humans to reduce suffering and improve the conditions of humanity for
371:
In fact, the role of social media in digital humanitarian efforts is a considerable one. Ten days after the 2010 earthquake, the "
364:
really emerged in 2010 during the Haiti earthquake" with "software and digital humanitarian platforms such as
Standby Task Force,
192:
Humanitarianism was publicly seen in the social reforms of the late 1800s and early 1900s, following the economic turmoil of the
1197:
1148:
146:
The wellspring of the principle of humanity is in the essence of social morality which can be summed up in a single sentence,
28:
1727:
1566:
843:
653:
613:
1895:
1880:
1117:
74:. Other critical issues include correlation with religious beliefs, motivation of aid between altruism, market affinity,
300:
communities for the presence and activities of humanitarian organizations, particularly in highly volatile contexts."
2114:
1769:
1676:
1648:
1556:
815:
566:
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identification with a national identity of the American 'savior' through participation in this Humanitarian project.
276:
Today, humanitarianism is particularly used to describe the thinking and doctrines behind the emergency response to
213:
527:
2102:
1577:
948:
495:
485:
1885:
1336:"Classical humanitarianism and resilience humanitarianism: making sense of two brands of humanitarian action"
289:
1470:"How sex- and age-disaggregated data and gender and generational analyses can improve humanitarian response"
1198:"Soundscapes of Disaster and Humanitarianism: Survival Singing, Relief Telethons, and the Haiti Earthquake"
1149:"Soundscapes of Disaster and Humanitarianism: Survival Singing, Relief Telethons, and the Haiti Earthquake"
330:
310:
1248:
701:
1412:"Global Public-Private Health Partnerships: lessons learned from ten years of experience and evaluation"
1042:
1931:
1599:
2170:
1979:
1385:
1848:
1615:
1249:"Rethinking big data in digital humanitarianism: practices, epistemologies, and social relations"
881:
470:
427:
285:
2097:
1890:
1863:
506:
465:
150:. This fundamental precept can be found, in almost identical form, in all the great religions,
67:
1526:
938:
2175:
1984:
1915:
1910:
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357:
338:
288:, particularly the principle of humanity. Nicholas de Torrente, former Executive Director of
281:
193:
1064:
2060:
500:
220:
1702:
1091:
717:
8:
1605:
1469:
971:
277:
235:
209:
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16:
Relief activities to aid and assist humanity; philanthropic philosophy of active humanism
1092:"How AI, Twitter and digital volunteers are transforming humanitarian disaster response"
2085:
2070:
2035:
2014:
1989:
1966:
1868:
1802:
1778:
1444:
1411:
1271:
1171:
861:
778:
372:
1595:
Barnett, Michael. 2013. "Humanitarian Governance." Annual Review of Political Science.
835:
Life lived in relief : humanitarian predicaments and Palestinian refugee politics
2129:
1994:
1974:
1905:
1827:
1738:
Bureaucratizing the Good Samaritan: The Limitations of Humanitarian Relief Operations
1723:
1672:
1644:
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1431:
1427:
1367:
1331:
1313:
1175:
944:
849:
839:
811:
770:
721:
682:
649:
609:
562:
475:
314:
1275:
1205:
245:
Various suggestions of distinct periods of humanitarianism exist, drawing either on
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595:
2139:
2080:
2065:
2040:
2019:
1519:
765:
Weinbren, Dan (1994). "Against All Cruelty: The Humanitarian League, 1891-1919".
347:
Digital Humanitarians: How Big Data Is Changing the Face of Humanitarian Response
1623:
Life lived in relief: Humanitarian predicaments and Palestinian refugee politics
2119:
416:
361:
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can benefit the humanitarian sector... by providing information to give better
250:
118:
82:
75:
1352:
1335:
1267:
853:
219:
In the middle of the 19th century, humanitarianism was central to the work of
2164:
2050:
1494:
1435:
1371:
1317:
1167:
774:
725:
686:
365:
239:
197:
2075:
2055:
1999:
1900:
1875:
1837:
1832:
1720:
Bread from Stones: The Middle East and the Making of Modern Humanitarianism
1502:
1453:
980:
833:
450:
423:
392:
need the services and labor that can be provided by digital humanitarians.
353:
334:
224:
163:
159:
90:
71:
63:
1639:
1547:
806:
557:
400:
Examples of humanitarianism can include: Raising Funds for people in need
113:
1822:
246:
179:
135:
123:
86:
78:
645:
227:
in emergency response and in the latter case led to the founding of the
1807:
1631:
Humanitarianism in the Modern World: The Moral Economy of Famine Relief
1539:
Humanitarianism in the Modern World: The Moral Economy of Famine Relief
1486:
1362:
976:"The rise of the digital saviour: can Facebook likes change the world?"
798:
Humanitarianism in the Modern World: The Moral Economy of Famine Relief
782:
670:
605:
549:
Humanitarianism in the Modern World: The Moral Economy of Famine Relief
360:
to organisations for broad strategic planning and logistics" and that "
318:
151:
94:
33:
511:
324:
228:
637:
The Purpose of Intervention: Changing Beliefs about the Use of Force
148:
Whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them
2124:
2009:
1946:
1812:
1797:
1582:
1914â1918-online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War
1576:
Gatrell, Peter, Gill, Rebecca, Little, Branden, Piller, Elisabeth:
1571:
1914â1918-online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War
1531:
1914â1918-online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War
388:
342:
201:
155:
142:, argues for the universal characteristics of humanitarianism:
52:
48:
20:
368:, and many others" being active during many disasters since then.
1951:
1817:
1687:
Dunant's Dream, War, Switzerland and the History of the Red Cross
912:
171:
56:
1936:
1008:"Crisis Mapping Pioneer Focuses on Humanitarian Uses For Drones"
481:
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
522:
212:
were some of the most significant humanitarian bills passed in
175:
1956:
1941:
167:
62:
One aspect involves voluntary emergency aid overlapping with
44:
1467:
Mazurana, Dyan; Benelli, Prisca; Walker, Peter (July 2013).
43:
is an ideology centered on the value of human life, whereby
1792:
376:
1629:
Götz, Norbert; Brewis, Georgina; Werther, Steffen (2020).
1537:
Götz, Norbert; Brewis, Georgina; Werther, Steffen (2020).
796:
Götz, Norbert; Brewis, Georgina; Werther, Steffen (2020).
547:
Götz, Norbert; Brewis, Georgina; Werther, Steffen (2020).
1697:
The Fundamental Principles of the Red Cross: a commentary
138:, in his commentary on The Fundamental Principles of the
187:
1522:: 2,505 organizations active in the humanitarian sector
1668:
The Humanitarian Enterprise: Dilemmas and Discoveries
1466:
1041:. National Geographic Society (blogs). Archived from
518:
List of National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
456:
Humanitarian Accountability Partnership International
238:(1891â1919) was an English advocacy group, formed by
333:
used the term 'digital humanitarianism' to describe
1777:
1468:
242:, which sought to advance the humanitarian cause.
1628:
1536:
795:
546:
491:International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement
2162:
597:Empire of Humanity: A History of Humanitarianism
395:
1763:
1664:
1410:Buse, Kent; Tanaka, Sonja (7 November 2020).
323:In 2005, a question was raised as to whether
1520:The Humanitarian Organisations Dataset (HOD)
1340:Journal of International Humanitarian Action
970:
1115:
882:"Harvard Law School Human Rights Journal -"
446:Consortium of British Humanitarian Agencies
2005:Distributional cost-effectiveness analysis
1770:
1756:
1717:
1409:
866:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
740:"International Committee of the Red Cross"
304:
1638:
1633:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1546:
1541:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1443:
1361:
1351:
1146:
1039:"How Crisis Mapping Saved Lives in Haiti"
805:
800:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
633:
556:
551:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1567:International Committee of the Red Cross
1330:
764:
668:
327:can be seen as digital humanitarianism.
112:
66:advocacy, actions taken by governments,
27:
1671:. West Hartford, Conn: Kumarian Press.
1625:. University of California Press, 2018.
936:
831:
699:
593:
108:
2163:
1692:
1310:Humanitaire. Enjeux, pratiques, débats
1303:
1118:"Is Digital Humanitarianism All Good?"
1083:
1859:Charitable trust / Registered charity
1751:
1602:", The New York Times Magazine, 2008.
1306:"Humanitarianism in the 21st Century"
1246:
1231:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1195:
1036:
937:Koerner, Brendan I. (9 August 2006).
718:10.1146/annurev-polisci-012512-083711
271:
216:following the Industrial Revolution.
188:Historical examples and periodization
1896:Public-benefit nonprofit corporation
1881:Mutual-benefit nonprofit corporation
838:. Oakland, California. p. 196.
671:"The Rise of Modern Humanitarianism"
629:
627:
625:
589:
587:
585:
583:
581:
579:
1565:Herrmann, IrĂšne, Palmieri, Daniel:
1128:from the original on 7 January 2017
1116:Illingworth, Sarah (5 April 2016).
1089:
1071:from the original on 7 January 2017
1018:from the original on 7 January 2017
940:The Best of Technology Writing 2006
407:Livelihood assistance and financing
13:
1722:. University of California Press.
1588:
1236:. New York: Routledge. p. 49.
1220:
988:from the original on 28 April 2019
746:from the original on 10 March 2009
706:Annual Review of Political Science
14:
2187:
2115:Master of Nonprofit Organizations
1513:
892:from the original on 15 June 2007
758:
622:
576:
341:. In 2011, Paul Conneally gave a
196:in England. Many of the women in
1718:Watenpaugh, Keith David (2015).
1428:10.1111/j.1875-595X.2011.00034.x
1285:from the original on 6 July 2016
943:. University of Michigan Press.
910:
387:Within digital humanitarianism,
280:. In such cases it argues for a
261:), "organized humanitarianism" (
1779:Charitable giving and practices
1460:
1403:
1378:
1324:
1304:Donini, Antonio (1 June 2010).
1297:
1240:
1189:
1140:
1109:
1057:
1030:
1000:
964:
930:
904:
874:
97:. A practitioner is known as a
2103:List of charitable foundations
1390:CMI - Chr. Michelsen Institute
1386:"Humanitarianism: An Overview"
1247:Burns, Ryan (9 October 2014).
1037:Meier, Patrick (2 July 2012).
825:
789:
732:
693:
662:
540:
496:International Rescue Committee
486:International humanitarian law
1:
1886:Non-governmental organization
1147:McAlister, Elizabeth (2012).
675:American Journal of Sociology
533:
262:
255:
1416:International Dental Journal
700:Barnett, Michael N. (2013).
640:. Cornell University Press.
600:. Cornell University Press.
528:Humanitarianism (Raëlianism)
352:Vincent Fevrier notes that "
311:Digital Humanitarian Network
7:
1740:. Boulder: Westview Press.
1578:Discussion: Humanitarianism
439:
396:Examples of humanitarianism
10:
2192:
2056:Charity / thrift / op shop
1932:Charity (Christian virtue)
1689:, Carroll & Graf, 1999
669:Parmelee, Maurice (1915).
634:Finnemore, Martha (2003).
419:and environment Protection
308:
18:
2028:
1980:Animal Charity Evaluators
1965:
1924:
1846:
1785:
1353:10.1186/s41018-018-0043-6
1268:10.1007/s10708-014-9599-x
1065:"Digital Humanitarianism"
702:"Humanitarian Governance"
594:Barnett, Michael (2011).
514:Humanitarian News service
1168:10.1215/07990537-1894078
290:MĂ©decins Sans FrontiĂšres
19:Not to be confused with
1232:Meier, Patrick (2015).
832:Feldman, Ilana (2018).
471:Humanitarian principles
305:Digital humanitarianism
286:humanitarian principles
200:who were involved with
2098:Ethics of philanthropy
2091:Psychological barriers
1891:Nonprofit organization
1665:Minear, Larry (2002).
1618:Retrieved 13 July 2007
1196:McAlister, Elizabeth.
507:World Humanitarian Day
466:Humanitarian education
302:
128:
68:development assistance
37:
1916:Voluntary association
1911:Religious corporation
1736:Waters, Tony (2001).
1693:Pictet, Jean (1979).
1685:Moorehead, Caroline,
1640:10.1017/9781108655903
1600:Humanitarian Impulses
1548:10.1017/9781108655903
1334:(10 September 2018).
1234:Digital Humanitarians
913:"The Book Stops Here"
807:10.1017/9781108655903
558:10.1017/9781108655903
432:Food and water supply
428:gender based violence
358:situational awareness
339:2010 Haiti earthquake
294:
282:humanitarian response
194:Industrial Revolution
116:
95:humanitarian agencies
31:
2061:Click-to-donate site
1925:Charity and religion
1606:Bonhoeffer, Dietrich
1067:. World Bank Group.
972:Shringarpure, Bhakti
501:Red Swastika Society
221:Florence Nightingale
109:A universal doctrine
1045:on 11 February 2017
646:10.7591/j.ctt24hg32
278:humanitarian crises
236:Humanitarian League
210:Factory Act of 1844
206:Factory Act of 1833
2086:Effective altruism
2071:Donor-advised fund
2036:Alternative giving
2015:Giving What We Can
1990:Charity assessment
1967:Charity evaluation
1803:Charity (practice)
1705:on 31 January 2010
1657:Glover, Jonathon,
1616:Harvard University
1487:10.1111/disa.12013
1332:Hilhorst, Dorothea
1312:(in French) (25).
742:. 3 October 2013.
606:10.7591/j.ctt7z8ns
373:Hope for Haiti Now
272:Emergency response
129:
38:
2158:
2157:
2130:Visiting the sick
1995:Charity Navigator
1975:Aid effectiveness
1906:Social enterprise
1828:Humanity (virtue)
1729:978-0-520-27932-2
1422:(Suppl 2): 2â10.
1208:on 4 October 2015
845:978-0-520-97128-8
655:978-0-8014-3845-5
615:978-0-8014-4713-6
476:Humanity (virtue)
435:Providing shelter
315:Internet activism
178:. It is also the
2183:
2171:Humanitarian aid
2150:Warm-glow giving
2145:Wall of kindness
2135:Voluntary sector
1772:
1765:
1758:
1749:
1748:
1733:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1701:. Archived from
1682:
1654:
1642:
1621:Feldman, Ilana:
1611:, Fontana, 1963.
1562:
1550:
1525:Cotter, CĂ©dric:
1507:
1506:
1472:
1464:
1458:
1457:
1447:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1382:
1376:
1375:
1365:
1355:
1328:
1322:
1321:
1301:
1295:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1284:
1253:
1244:
1238:
1237:
1229:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1204:. Archived from
1193:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1153:
1144:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1113:
1107:
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1104:
1102:
1090:Collins, Katie.
1087:
1081:
1080:
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1061:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1034:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1004:
998:
997:
995:
993:
974:(18 June 2015).
968:
962:
961:
959:
957:
934:
928:
927:
925:
923:
911:Pink, Daniel H.
908:
902:
901:
899:
897:
878:
872:
871:
865:
857:
829:
823:
821:
809:
793:
787:
786:
767:History Workshop
762:
756:
755:
753:
751:
736:
730:
729:
697:
691:
690:
666:
660:
659:
631:
620:
619:
591:
574:
572:
560:
544:
461:Humanitarian aid
267:
264:
260:
257:
32:Volunteers from
2191:
2190:
2186:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2181:
2180:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2154:
2140:Volunteer grant
2081:Earning to give
2041:Benefit concert
2024:
2020:GreatNonprofits
1961:
1920:
1850:
1842:
1781:
1776:
1746:
1730:
1708:
1706:
1679:
1661:, Pimlico, 2001
1651:
1598:Bass, Gary J, "
1591:
1589:Further reading
1559:
1516:
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1131:
1129:
1122:Huffington Post
1114:
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905:
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886:law.harvard.edu
880:
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321:
307:
298:
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265:
258:
190:
111:
93:relations, and
83:neo-colonialism
70:, and domestic
41:Humanitarianism
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2178:
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2156:
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2120:Matching funds
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2029:Further topics
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