1234:
1516:. The population remained 90% indigenous in origin; the Romanizing class were the local native elite (not Roman settlers), whose children learned Latin in Roman schools. At the time of the collapse of the Empire, this local elite had been slowly abandoning Gaulish entirely, but the rural and lower class populations remained Gaulish speakers who could sometimes also speak Latin or Greek. The final language shift from Gaulish to Vulgar Latin among rural and lower class populations occurred later, when both they and the incoming Frankish ruler/military class adopted the Gallo-Roman Vulgar Latin speech of the urban intellectual elite.
1215:
2243:
2063:
13378:
7434:
7347:
2766:, French was the dominant language within all institutions until the 1990s. After several enlargements of the EU (1995, 2004), French significantly lost ground in favour of English, which is more widely spoken and taught in most EU countries. French currently remains one of the three working languages, or "procedural languages", of the EU, along with English and German. It is the second-most widely used language within EU institutions after English, but remains the preferred language of certain institutions or administrations such as the
2931:
12515:
1944:
2364:
954:
9385:
2112:
893:
5406:, and so the only difference in pronunciation is that the ⟨t⟩ on the end of masculine form is silent, whereas it is pronounced in the feminine. If the word was to be followed by a word starting with a vowel, then liaison would cause the ⟨t⟩ to be pronounced in both forms, resulting in identical pronunciation. There are also some situations where both the feminine and masculine form of a noun are the same and the article provides the only difference. For example,
2082:
2611:
7019:
9276:"Le français, langue en évolution. Dans beaucoup de pays francophones, surtout sur le continent africain, une proportion importante de la population ne parle pas couramment le français (même s'il est souvent la langue officielle du pays). Ce qui signifie qu'au fur et à mesure que les nouvelles générations vont à l'école, le nombre de francophones augmente : on estime qu'en 2015, ceux-ci seront deux fois plus nombreux qu'aujourd'hui.
9389:
12221:
9310:"C'est la variété du français la plus fluctuante. Le sabir franco-africain est instable et hétérogène sous toutes ses formes. Il existe des énoncés où les mots sont français mais leur ordre reste celui de la langue africaine. En somme, autant les langues africaines sont envahies par les structures et les mots français, autant la langue française se métamorphose en Afrique, donnant naissance à plusieurs variétés."
2676:
8299:"...sixty-eight or more Celtic words in standard Latin; not all of these came down into Romance.... did not survive among the people. Vulgar speech in Gaul used many others... at least 361 words of Gaulish provenance in French and Provençal. These Celtic words fell into more homely types than... borrowings from Germanː agriculture... household effects... animals... food and drink... trees... body -- 17 (
4310:, many of its spelling rules are likely due to a consistency in morphemic patterns such as adding suffixes and prefixes. Many given spellings of common morphemes usually lead to a predictable sound. In particular, a given vowel combination or diacritic generally leads to one phoneme. However, there is not a one-to-one relation of a phoneme and a single related grapheme, which can be seen in how
34:
3115:
3117:
2269:
2169:. This number does not include the people living in non-Francophone African countries who have learned French as a foreign language. Due to the rise of French in Africa, the total French-speaking population worldwide is expected to reach 700 million people in 2050. French is the fastest growing language on the continent (in terms of either official or foreign languages).
2467:. It is the principal language of education, administration, business, and public signage and is spoken by all educated Haitians. It is also used for ceremonial events such as weddings, graduations, and church masses. The vast majority of the population speaks Haitian Creole as their first language; the rest largely speak French as a first language. As a
1410:. Of Europeans who speak other languages natively, approximately one-fifth are able to speak French as a second language. French is the second-most taught foreign language in the EU. All institutions of the EU use French as a working language along with English and German; in certain institutions, French is the sole working language (e.g. at the
2722:
the percentage of the population who reported that French was the language they use the most at home rose from 67% at the 2007 census to 74% at the 2017 census. In Wallis and Futuna, the percentage of the population who reported that French was the language they use the most at home rose from 10% at the 2008 census to 13% at the 2018 census.
6670:) of the French language academies of France and Quebec has been to provide French equivalents to (mainly English) imported words, either by using existing vocabulary, extending its meaning or deriving a new word according to French morphological rules. The result is often two (or more) co-existing terms for describing the same phenomenon.
8315:, and the remainder divided among weapons, religion, literature, music, persons, sickness and mineral. It is evident that the peasants were the last to hold to their Celtic. The count on the Celtic element was made by Leslie Moss at the University of North Carolina... based on unanimity of agreement among the best lexicographers...
10328:
2667:
varies depending on the region and social status. One-third of high school students educated in French go on to pursue higher education in
English-speaking institutions. English is the language of business and communication, with French being an element of social distinction, chosen for its emotional value.
9337:
Il existe une autre variété de français, beaucoup plus répandue et plus permissive : le français local. C'est un français très influencé par les langues centrafricaines, surtout par le sango. Cette variété est parlée par les classes non-instruites, qui n'ont pu terminer leur scolarité. Ils usent
4266:
French spelling, like
English spelling, tends to preserve obsolete pronunciation rules. This is mainly due to extreme phonetic changes since the Old French period, without a corresponding change in spelling. Moreover, some conscious changes were made to restore Latin orthography (as with some English
3099:
In
English-speaking Canada, the United Kingdom, and Ireland, French is the first foreign language taught and in number of pupils is far ahead of other languages. In the United States, French is the second-most commonly taught foreign language in schools and universities, although well behind Spanish.
3073:
language of the world, ahead of
Spanish. His criteria were the numbers of native speakers, the number of secondary speakers (especially high for French among fellow world languages), the number of countries using the language and their respective populations, the economic power of the countries using
2721:
In French
Polynesia and to a lesser extent Wallis and Futuna, where oral and written knowledge of the French language has become almost universal (95% and 84% respectively), French increasingly tends to displace the native Polynesian languages as the language most spoken at home. In French Polynesia,
1660:
of Latin longer than most other
Romance languages (with the notable exception of Romanian which still currently maintains a case distinction), differentiating between an oblique case and a nominative case. The phonology was characterized by heavy syllabic stress, which led to the emergence of various
1497:
Due to Roman rule, Latin was gradually adopted by the inhabitants of Gaul. As the language was learned by the common people, it developed a distinct local character, with grammatical differences from Latin as spoken elsewhere, some of which is attested in graffiti. This local variety evolved into the
6275:
of the subject and verb, as in "Parlez-vous français ?" when asking a question rather than "Vous parlez français ?" Both formulations are used, and carry a rising inflection on the last word. The literal
English translations are "Do you speak French?" and "You speak French?", respectively.
2569:
and the opening of a unified
Vietnam's economy, French has gradually been effectively displaced as the first foreign language of choice by English in Vietnam. Nevertheless, it continues to be taught as the other main foreign language in the Vietnamese educational system and is regarded as a cultural
2205:
is the region where the French language is most likely to expand, because of the expansion of education and rapid population growth. It is also where the language has evolved the most in recent years. Some vernacular forms of French in Africa can be difficult to understand for French speakers from
3082:
Knowledge of French is often considered to be a useful skill by business owners in the United
Kingdom; a 2014 study found that 50% of British managers considered French to be a valuable asset for their business, thus ranking French as the most sought-after foreign language there, ahead of German
2666:
and 40% Anglophone. The use of
English is growing in the business and media environment. Out of about 900,000 students, about 500,000 are enrolled in Francophone schools, public or private, in which the teaching of mathematics and scientific subjects is provided in French. Actual usage of French
2289:
French is the second-most common language in Canada, after English, and both are official languages at the federal level. It is the first language of 9.5 million people or 29% and the second language for 2.07 million or 6% of the entire population of Canada. French is the sole official
8100:
change which is found in all Western Romania... more reservations have been expressed about... ū > ..."; :"Summary on page 67: "There can be no doubt that the way French stands out from the other Western Romance languages (Vidos 1956: 363) is largely due to the intensity of its Celtic
8349:
5299:. According to the French lexicogrammatical system, French has a rank-scale hierarchy with clause as the top rank, which is followed by group rank, word rank, and morpheme rank. A French clause is made up of groups, groups are made up of words, and lastly, words are made up of morphemes.
1370:
French is estimated to have about 310 million speakers, of which about 80 million are native speakers. According to the OIF, approximately 321 million people worldwide are "able to speak the language" as of 2022, without specifying the criteria for this estimation or whom it encompasses.
9256:
2379:(2011), French is the fourth most spoken language in the United States after English, Spanish, and Chinese, when all forms of French are considered together and all dialects of Chinese are similarly combined. French is the second-most spoken language (after English) in the states of
1604:
The beginning of French in Gaul was greatly influenced by Germanic invasions into the country. These invasions had the greatest impact on the northern part of the country and on the language there. A language divide began to grow across the country. The population in the north spoke
3078:
associated with the mastery of the language (Weber highlighted that French in particular enjoys considerable linguistic prestige). In a 2008 reassessment of his article, Weber concluded that his findings were still correct since "the situation among the top ten remains unchanged."
1779:
dialect is one that not only continued but also thrived during the Middle French period (14th–17th centuries). Modern French grew out of this Francien dialect. Grammatically, during the period of Middle French, noun declensions were lost and there began to be standardized rules.
1235:
5216:
accepted some changes to French orthography. At the time the proposed changes were considered to be suggestions. In 2016, schoolbooks in France began to use the newer recommended spellings, with instruction to teachers that both old and new spellings be deemed correct.
2638:
as the sole official language, while a special law regulates cases when French can be publicly used. Article 11 of Lebanon's Constitution states that "Arabic is the official national language. A law determines the cases in which the French language is to be used". The
9338:
ce qu'ils connaissent du français avec des emprunts massifs aux langues locales. Cette variété peut causer des problèmes de compréhension avec les francophones des autres pays, car les interférences linguistiques, d'ordre lexical et sémantique, sont très importantes.
1621:. Langue d'oïl grew into what is known as Old French. The period of Old French spanned between the 8th and 14th centuries. Old French shared many characteristics with Latin. For example, Old French made use of different possible word orders just as Latin did because
2557:. It continues to be an administrative language in Laos and Cambodia, although its influence has waned in recent decades. In colonial Vietnam, the elites primarily spoke French, while many servants who worked in French households spoke a French pidgin known as "
2294:, being the mother tongue for some 7 million people, or almost 80% (2006 Census) of the province. About 95% of the people of Quebec speak French as either their first or second language, and for some as their third language. Quebec is also home to the city of
5370:, both the singular and plural form of a noun are pronounced identically. The article used for singular nouns is different from that used for plural nouns and the article provides a distinguishing factor between the two in speech. For example, the singular
3116:
1216:
1541:, the word for "yes"), sound changes shaped by Gaulish influence, and influences in conjugation and word order. Recent computational studies suggest that early gender shifts may have been motivated by the gender of the corresponding word in Gaulish.
8357:
7820:
3831:), or reduced to zero in some word-final positions. For other speakers, a uvular trill is also common, and an apical trill occurs in some dialects. The cluster /ʁw/ is generally pronounced as a labialised voiced uvular fricative , such as in
4529:: Within words, double consonants are generally not pronounced as geminates in modern French (but geminates can be heard in the cinema or TV news from as recently as the 1970s, and in very refined elocution they may still occur). For example,
9253:
2351:, the Canadian capital, is also effectively bilingual, as it has a large population of federal government workers, who are required to offer services in both French and English, and is across a river from Quebec, opposite the major city of
1966:
made it mandatory for legal documents in 1539. France mandates the use of French in official government publications, public education except in specific cases, and legal contracts; advertisements must bear a translation of foreign words.
1405:
and partial speakers) lived in Europe, 36% in sub-Saharan Africa and the Indian Ocean, 15% in North Africa and the Middle East, 8% in the Americas, and 1% in Asia and Oceania. French is the second-most widely spoken mother tongue in the
8989:
6276:
To avoid inversion while asking a question, "Est-ce que" (literally "is it that") may be placed at the beginning of the sentence. "Parlez-vous français ?" may become "Est-ce que vous parlez français ?" French also uses
9530:
Under the 1987 Constitution, adopted after the overthrow of Jean‑Claude Duvalier's dictatorship, [Haitian] Creole and French have been the two official languages, but most of the population speaks only Creole
2471:, Haitian Creole draws the large majority of its vocabulary from French, with influences from West African languages, as well as several European languages. It is closely related to Louisiana Creole and the creole from the
2306:
are the only officially bilingual provinces, though full bilingualism is enacted only in New Brunswick, where about one third of the population is Francophone. French is also an official language of all of the territories
4177:("the man who saw him"). However, for Belgian French the sentences are pronounced differently; in the first sentence the syllable break is as "qu'il-a", while the second breaks as "qui-l'a". It can also be noted that, in
1550:, which is often viewed as representing standardized French, while if non-standard dialects are included, the number increases to 240. Known Gaulish loans are skewed toward certain semantic fields, such as plant life (
10794:
10123:
9990:
6052:
The imperative is used in the present tense (with the exception of a few instances where it is used in the perfect tense). The imperative is used to give commands to you (tu), we/us (nous), and plural you (vous).
1347:(OIF), the community of 54 member states which share the official use or teaching of French. It is spoken as a first language (in descending order of the number of speakers) in France; Canada (especially in the
4492:
becomes silent and causes the preceding vowel to become nasalized (i.e., pronounced with the soft palate extended downward so as to allow part of the air to leave through the nostrils). Exceptions are when the
10726:
9700:
3915:
French pronunciation follows strict rules based on spelling, but French spelling is often based more on history than phonology. The rules for pronunciation vary between dialects, but the standard rules are:
5904:
The subjunctive mood only includes four of the tense-aspect forms found in the indicative: present (présent), simple past (passé composé), past imperfective (imparfait), and pluperfect (plus-que-parfait).
7816:
9023:
2391:, it is tied with Spanish for second-most spoken if Louisiana French and all creoles such as Haitian are included. French is the third most spoken language (after English and Spanish) in the states of
1784:
published the first Latin-French dictionary, which included information about phonetics, etymology, and grammar. Politically, the first government authority to adopt Modern French as official was the
10282:
3011:(used alongside English). Given the demographic prospects of the French-speaking nations of Africa, researcher Pascal-Emmanuel Gobry wrote in 2014 that French "could be the language of the future".
619:
7454:
1955:
Spoken by 19.71% of the European Union's population, French is the third most widely spoken language in the EU, after English and German and the second-most-widely taught language after English.
6748:
learned words are not seen as foreign). About 25% (1,054) of these foreign words come from English and are fairly recent borrowings. The others are some 707 words from Italian, 550 from ancient
6966:) is used in French numbers as a decimal point, i.e. "2,5" instead of "2.5". In the case of currencies, the currency markers are substituted for decimal point, i.e. "5$ 7" for "5 dollars and 7
694:
9444:"Language Spoken at Home by Ability to Speak English for the Population 5 Years and Over : Universe: Population 5 years and over: 2007–2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates??"
9443:
5162:, compare with English word "isle"). The explanation is that some words share the same orthography, so the circumflex is put here to mark the difference between the two words. For example,
8887:
771:
6989:
Tous les êtres humains naissent libres et égaux en dignité et en droits. Ils sont doués de raison et de conscience et doivent agir les uns envers les autres dans un esprit de fraternité.
10561:
8982:
2367:
French language spread in the United States. Counties marked in lighter pink are those where 6–12% of the population speaks French at home; medium pink, 12–18%; darker pink, over 18%.
7721:
6795:
One study analyzing the degree of differentiation of Romance languages in comparison to Latin estimated that among the languages analyzed French has the greatest distance from Latin.
4336:
As a result, it can be difficult to predict the spelling of a word based on the sound. Final consonants are generally silent, except when the following word begins with a vowel (see
10020:
1429:
French has a long history as an international language of literature and scientific standards and is a primary or second language of many international organisations including the
521:
13506:
7400:
7370:
2596:
even after its cession to India in 1956 until 1965. A small number of older locals still retain knowledge of the language, although it has now given way to Tamil and English.
1910:
with French..." Students were taught that their ancestral languages were inferior and they should be ashamed of them; this process was known in the Occitan-speaking region as
9619:
3014:
Significant as a judicial language, French is one of the official languages of such major international and regional courts, tribunals, and dispute-settlement bodies as the
10115:
9982:
9870:
2327:
ensures that provincial services are to be available in the language. The Act applies to areas of the province where there are significant Francophone communities, namely
7005:
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
8953:
10049:
8096:
Celtic influences on French discussed in pages 64-67. Page 65:"In recent years the primary role of the substratum... has been disputed. Best documented is the CT- >
7846:
16603:
6432:
roots. In many cases, a single etymological root appears in French in a "popular" or native form, inherited from Vulgar Latin, and a learned form, borrowed later from
1590:), weapons, and products traded regionally rather than further afield. This semantic distribution has been attributed to peasants being the last to hold onto Gaulish.
9650:
11889:
7112:
3035:
2771:
9692:
8483:
8449:
Pope, Mildred K. (1934). From Latin to Modern French with Especial Consideration of Anglo-Norman Phonology and Morphology. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
5342:
is either masculine or feminine. Because French nouns are not inflected for gender, a noun's form cannot specify its gender. For nouns regarding the living, their
11669:
9926:
9087:
5354:. However, plural nouns that refer to a group that includes both masculine and feminine entities are always masculine. So a group of two male teachers would be
3023:
7097:
2972:
2947:, French is taught in universities around the world, and is one of the world's most influential languages because of its wide use in the worlds of journalism,
1320:
374:
9525:
9016:
3069:, a comprehensive academic study entitled "The World's 10 most influential languages". In the article, Weber ranked French as, after English, the second-most
10734:
4902:
2319:). Out of the three, Yukon has the most French speakers, making up just under 4% of the population. Furthermore, while French is not an official language in
10620:
1970:
In Belgium, French is an official language at the federal level along with Dutch and German. At the regional level, French is the sole official language of
10820:
10382:
9724:
2259: Regions where French is an official language at the federal level but not a majority native language or an official language at the provincial level
9586:
7447:
9447:
1898:, in western Brittany, included the following: "And remember, Gents: you were given your position in order to kill the Breton language". The prefect of
16583:
16496:
13499:
13366:
13344:
9959:
9112:
4318:
both end with the /e/ phoneme. Additionally, there are many variations in the pronunciation of consonants at the end of words, demonstrated by how the
9263:"Furthermore, the demographic growth of Southern hemisphere countries leads us to anticipate a new increase in the overall number of French speakers."
8592:
2742:, the total number of French speakers will reach approximately 500 million in 2025 and 650 million by 2050, largely due to rapid population growth in
11102:
10274:
8286:
7990:
2996:
80:
9840:
9556:
7487:
16533:
10092:
2028:, where it is generally the preferred language of business as well as of the different public administrations. It is also the official language of
1870:'s "Report on the necessity and means to annihilate the patois and to universalize the use of the French language". When public education was made
16598:
8883:
8614:
3952:, are normally silent. (A consonant is considered "final" when no vowel follows it even if one or more consonants follow it.) The final letters
2039:
region of Italy where it is the first language of approximately 50% of the population, while French dialects remain spoken by minorities on the
766:
16773:
16057:
14127:
12503:
9012:
8126:
7725:
7156:
3083:(49%) and Spanish (44%). MIT economist Albert Saiz calculated a 2.3% premium for those who have French as a foreign language in the workplace.
2104:
1422:
and is on the top five of the most studied languages worldwide (with about 120 million learners as of 2017). As a result of French and Belgian
1415:
1342:
994:
953:
701:
10553:
8806:
pp. 34–36 republished by the Belgian Federal Government Service (ministry) of Economy – Directorate–general Statistics Belgium. Archived from
16097:
13492:
12706:
12209:
11995:
11561:
11116:
10251:
3043:
3015:
1419:
8167:
Polinsky, Maria; Van Everbroeck, Ezra (2003). "Development of Gender Classifications: Modeling the Historical Change from Latin to French".
7754:
12481:
9181:
1927:
10764:
9363:
7360:
3870:
where the approximant and corresponding vowel contrast, but there are also many cases where they are in free variation. Contrasts between
16718:
14168:
10012:
9900:
9056:
2478:
French is the sole official language of all the overseas territories of France in the Caribbean that are collectively referred to as the
12187:
9300:
9232:
8849:
9134:
8561:
3827:, "wheel". Vowels are often lengthened before this segment. It can be reduced to an approximant, particularly in final position (e.g.,
3039:
1446:
716:
10194:
8523:
11334:
7082:
3815:
French has one rhotic whose pronunciation varies considerably among speakers and phonetic contexts. In general, it is described as a
1186:
10166:
9327:
7392:
11065:
8253:
Festschrift für Johannes Hubschmid zum 65. Geburtsag. Beiträge zur allgemeinen, indogermanischen und romanischen Sprachwissenschaft
8154:
The Celtic Languages in Contact: Papers from the Workshop Within the Framework of the XIII International Congress of Celtic Studies
2627:
2001:, of which Geneva is the largest city. The language divisions in Switzerland do not coincide with political subdivisions, and some
1450:
1363:
region); parts of Luxembourg; parts of the United States (the states of Louisiana, Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont); Monaco; the
721:
9808:"P9-1 – Population de 14 ans et plus selon la connaissance du français, le sexe, par commune, "zone" et par province de résidence"
9609:
1853:
to protect the French language. By the early 1800s, Parisian French had become the primary language of the aristocracy in France.
16763:
16748:
11160:
10287:
French, spoken by 68 million people worldwide and the official language of 27 countries, was ranked second [to Mandarin].
9874:
4244:, "œ" and "æ", but they are often replaced in contemporary French with "oe" and "ae", because the ligatures do not appear on the
2778:
has rekindled discussions on whether or not French should again hold greater role within the institutions of the European Union.
2739:
1637:, a large percentage of the vocabulary (now at around 15% of modern French vocabulary) including the impersonal singular pronoun
9749:
8419:
16618:
16460:
13359:
11709:
11694:
11611:
9199:
CEFAN (Chaire pour le développement de la recherche sur la culture d'expression française en Amérique du Nord, Université Laval
7102:
6271:
although a pronoun object precedes the verb. Some types of sentences allow for or require different word orders, in particular
3055:
2767:
2652:
2206:
other countries, but written forms of the language are very closely related to those of the rest of the French-speaking world.
1411:
8946:
8917:
2451:(the latter only being discovered by linguists in the 1990s) but these varieties are severely endangered or presumed extinct.
776:
14619:
13333:
11462:
10923:
10887:
10833:
10671:
10595:
10503:
10046:
9480:
8843:
8792:
8756:
8656:
8555:
8477:
8280:
8251:
Müller, Bodo (1982). "Geostatistik der gallischen/keltischen Substratwörter in der Galloromania". In Winkelmann, Otto (ed.).
7945:
7918:
7888:
7842:
7797:
7514:
7117:
6996:
6980:
3390:
14551:
9486:
9411:
7951:
2951:, education, and diplomacy. In diplomacy, French is one of the six official languages of the United Nations (and one of the
2172:
French is mostly a second language in Africa, but it has become a first language in some urban areas, such as the region of
913: Countries, regions, and territories where French is an administrative or cultural language but with no official status
12093:
11120:
9642:
7067:
3027:
14354:
14349:
11038:
10695:
6663:, unstressed syllables were severely reduced and the remaining vowels and consonants underwent significant modifications.
5247:(singular or plural, though in most nouns the plural is pronounced the same as the singular even if spelled differently);
16698:
16613:
16155:
14293:
14181:
11816:
11579:
11235:
11225:
10220:
7107:
3397:
3361:
2992:
1348:
932:
14454:
14344:
13374:
9278:
3003:(alongside 32 other languages of which English is the most used, followed by Spanish, Portuguese, German, and Italian),
1686:
began to be produced in the eleventh century, with major early works often focusing on the lives of saints (such as the
16558:
14569:
12496:
11664:
11013:
9010:
2347:
dialect was historically spoken. Smaller pockets of French speakers exist in all other provinces. The Ontarian city of
1434:
10301:"The contribution of morphological awareness to the spelling of morphemes and morphologically complex words in French"
9930:
9079:
7624:
4547:
are used sometimes for pronunciation, sometimes to distinguish similar words, and sometimes based on etymology alone.
16733:
16643:
16593:
16090:
15408:
13352:
13329:
12699:
12202:
11636:
11621:
10905:
10434:
8056:
7984:
11051:
9509:
3100:
In some areas of the country near French-speaking Quebec, however, it is the foreign language more commonly taught.
2091:
Their population was 487.6 million in 2023, and it is forecast to reach between 870 million and 879 million in 2050.
1963:
1789:
1022:
16728:
16678:
16673:
16663:
16658:
16628:
15468:
11904:
11745:
11699:
7192:
6866:
3303:
2593:
1513:
1395:
426:
16708:
10352:"The late acquisition of a major difficulty of French inflectional orthography: The homophonic /E/ verbal endings"
6541:
Latin roots can be identified, whereas English conversely leans towards a more direct incorporation of the Latin:
2161:, an estimated 167 million African people spread across 35 countries and territories can speak French as either a
16683:
16491:
16362:
16175:
14756:
14361:
14161:
12784:
7122:
6799:
is 89% with Italian, 80% with Sardinian, 78% with Rhaeto-Romance, and 75% with Romanian, Spanish and Portuguese.
4523:, but also specific combinations of vowels, sometimes with following consonants, to show which sound is intended.
3677:
Although there are many French regional accents, foreign learners normally use only one variety of the language.
3492:
3289:
2976:
2964:
2253: Regions where French is the main language and an official language at both the federal and provincial level
1442:
1050:
922:
711:
10999:
10839:
10351:
9173:
8111:
Guiter, Henri (1995). "Sur le substrat gaulois dans la Romania". In Bochnakowa, Anna; Widlak, Stanislan (eds.).
16608:
16573:
16568:
16450:
16200:
15556:
15457:
13264:
11924:
11499:
10612:
9721:
9386:"Detailed Mother Tongue (186), Knowledge of Official Languages (5), Age Groups (17A) and Sex (3) (2006 Census)"
8674:"A Comparative Study of the Evolution of Prestige Formations and of Speakers' Attitudes in Occitan and Catalan"
7087:
3535:
3529:
3059:
3031:
1475:) that evolved out of the Gallo-Romance dialects spoken in northern France. The language's early forms include
1012:
15427:
12832:
9578:
9412:"Language Use in the United States: 2011, American Community Survey Reports, Camille Ryan, Issued August 2013"
7640:""French and the school are one" – the role of French in postcolonial Congolese education: memories of pupils"
2155:
The majority of the world's French-speaking population lives in Africa. According to a 2023 estimate from the
2021:. French is the native language of about 23% of the Swiss population, and is spoken by 50% of the population.
16758:
16753:
16743:
16723:
16693:
16653:
16563:
16548:
16543:
16372:
15364:
15042:
13733:
12489:
11847:
11467:
11408:
11403:
10975:
10966:
10412:
9814:
9202:
8871:
Une Vallée d'Aoste bilingue dans une Europe plurilingue / Una Valle d'Aosta bilingue in un'Europa plurilingue
6815:
counting. After the use of unique names for the numbers 1–16, those from 17 to 69 are counted by tens, while
5213:
4261:
4248:
keyboard layout used in French-speaking countries. However this is nonstandard in formal and literary texts.
3499:
3340:
3004:
2468:
2368:
1301:
1179:
1117:
989:
883:
800:
12511:
11489:
9955:
9108:
8673:
7256:
831:
818:
16713:
16688:
16633:
16578:
16538:
16465:
16417:
16287:
16282:
16083:
13951:
13188:
13168:
12692:
12637:
12195:
12175:
11914:
11393:
11230:
9614:
5185:
All other accents are used only to distinguish similar words, as in the case of distinguishing the adverbs
3543:
3515:
3326:
3296:
3047:
2589:
2491:
2324:
1374:
French is increasingly being spoken as a native language in Francophone Africa, especially in regions like
599:
574:
15491:
14894:
14043:
13904:
13658:
8721:
8270:
7974:
5095:
5087:
5067:
4651:
4647:
4639:
4608:
4604:
4577:
4573:
4432:
4428:
4416:
4392:
4388:
3890:
3879:
3875:
3871:
3863:
3859:
3855:
3843:
3809:
3805:
3801:
3797:
3793:
3789:
3774:
3763:
3756:
3749:
3742:
3738:
3734:
3730:
3722:
3718:
3714:
3710:
3706:
3702:
3698:
3694:
3690:
3686:
3682:
2558:
1505:
The evolution of Latin in Gaul was shaped by its coexistence for over half a millennium beside the native
1426:
from the 16th century onward, French was introduced to new territories in the Americas, Africa, and Asia.
16703:
16638:
16623:
16553:
16528:
15932:
15370:
14339:
14268:
13703:
13653:
13310:
13074:
12647:
12624:
12217:
12032:
11752:
11626:
11616:
11364:
11205:
11153:
9844:
9552:
9050:
8942:
8696:
8584:
7479:
6847:, literally "sixty-fifteen". The vigesimal method of counting is analogous to the archaic English use of
6281:
6277:
6268:
4658:, but this differentiation is disappearing. In the mid-18th century, the circumflex was used in place of
4050:
3550:
3462:
2536:
2376:
756:
13713:
10084:
5908:
Within the subjunctive mood, the passé composé and plus-que-parfait use auxiliary verbs in their forms.
4874:
only occurs in some proper names and in modern editions of old French texts. Some proper names in which
4379:
French writing, as with any language, is affected by the spoken language. In Old French, the plural for
16738:
16668:
16648:
16588:
16422:
16247:
15653:
15225:
14660:
14218:
14154:
13797:
13463:
11943:
11864:
11631:
11541:
11520:
11220:
11210:
11200:
10786:
9343:
One example of a variety of African French that is difficult to understand for European French speakers
4364:. The same words followed by a vowel, however, may sound the consonants, as they do in these examples:
4299:
3564:
3368:
3220:
3019:
2918:
2706:, where 31% of the population was estimated to speak it in 2023. In the French special collectivity of
2640:
2605:
2528:
2282:, which is also a valid French word, is used in France and other French-speaking countries and regions.
2223:
2219:
2215:
1990:, where it is spoken by the majority of the population (approx. 80%), often as their primary language.
1701:
1683:
1324:
1257:
907: Countries and territories where French is an official language but not a majority native language
13782:
10478:
10456:
6659:
It can be difficult to identify the Latin source of native French words because in the evolution from
5209:
Some proposals exist to simplify the existing writing system, but they still fail to gather interest.
5122:, is replaced with a back vowel. To retain the pronunciation of the ⟨c⟩, it is given a cedilla, as in
5114:
is never found in front of front vowels. This letter is used when a front vowel after ⟨c⟩, such as in
1860:
began to pursue policies with the end goal of eradicating the many minorities and regional languages (
1623:
it had a case system that retained the difference between nominative subjects and oblique non-subjects
16427:
16389:
15240:
15152:
14761:
14602:
14317:
14246:
14228:
14211:
14206:
14196:
12734:
12472:
12271:
12123:
11879:
11794:
11767:
11684:
11479:
11324:
8622:
7072:
6773:
6369:
4085:
is never pronounced and the silent final consonant of a noun is only pronounced in the plural and in
3576:
3469:
3333:
3093:
2511:
2227:
1882:
were made especially clear to the French-speaking teachers sent to teach students in regions such as
1678:
604:
226:
206:
13945:
8181:
7511:
Le français à Abidjan : Pour une approche syntaxique du non-standard Broché – 25 septembre 2002
7433:
7346:
5414:
refers to a female dentist. Furthermore, a few nouns' meanings depend on their gender. For example,
5018:
16523:
16347:
15945:
15849:
14722:
14670:
14449:
14397:
13382:
11704:
11674:
11279:
10949:
9871:"Les premiers résultats du recensement de la population 2018 – Principaux_tableaux_population_2018"
7180:
4157:, drop their final vowel when placed before a word that begins with a vowel sound (thus avoiding a
3478:
3227:
2988:
1438:
1273:
1172:
1059:
962:
877:
741:
406:
59:
10243:
9052:
2298:, which is the world's fourth-largest French-speaking city, by number of first language speakers.
1845:, enjoyed a period of prosperity and prominence among European nations. Richelieu established the
16768:
16317:
16277:
16257:
16237:
16140:
15313:
14904:
14858:
14739:
14712:
14651:
14588:
14534:
14241:
14201:
13745:
13563:
13558:
13515:
13148:
13084:
12409:
12399:
11960:
11842:
11789:
11735:
11689:
11378:
10730:
8693:
7773:
6753:
6272:
3816:
3310:
3252:
3236:
2980:
2886:
2532:
1987:
1903:
1848:
1245:
761:
343:
288:
231:
221:
196:
14909:
12842:
10985:
9807:
7042:
2059:, with French being taught from pre-school and over 43% of citizens being able to speak French.
16455:
16252:
16031:
15247:
14665:
14611:
14263:
13934:
13316:
13295:
13031:
12065:
12027:
11985:
11970:
11762:
11584:
11484:
11146:
10756:
9355:
8176:
7551:
7533:
6785:
6781:
6395:
6385:
5441:
The French language consists of both finite and non-finite moods. The finite moods include the
4907:
3153:
3088:
2615:
2340:
2002:
1959:
1830:
was written in English as well as French was the "first diplomatic blow" against the language.
1544:
The estimated number of French words that can be attributed to Gaulish is placed at 154 by the
1297:
1078:
283:
76:
14009:
11004:
9904:
8744:
5182:= must, have to, owe; in this case, the circumflex disappears in the plural and the feminine).
2908:
16475:
16407:
16377:
16332:
16327:
16302:
16160:
16063:
16008:
15814:
15809:
15462:
15440:
15331:
15259:
15082:
14744:
14507:
14133:
14020:
13909:
13816:
13473:
13401:
12632:
11990:
11980:
11772:
11596:
11504:
11439:
9297:
9224:
8833:
8467:
7196:
6962:
French, like most European languages, uses a space to separate thousands. The comma (French:
4693:
4512:
4241:
4230:
4021:
3348:
3259:
3183:
3176:
3000:
2984:
2955:'s only two working languages), one of twenty official and three procedural languages of the
2308:
1993:
French is one of the four official languages of Switzerland, along with German, Italian, and
1891:
1813:
1027:
421:
16445:
15727:
14695:
12897:
9141:
8545:
8459:
8033:
7032:
6827:) is used as a base number in the names of numbers from 70 to 99. The French word for 80 is
6284:(OSV) word order. OSV word order is not used often and VOS is reserved for formal writings.
5302:
French grammar shares several notable features with most other Romance languages, including
4935:
3788:
French has three pairs of homorganic fricatives distinguished by voicing, i.e., labiodental
1339:
official, administrative, or cultural language. Most of these countries are members of the
16367:
16357:
16307:
16267:
16225:
16220:
16215:
16205:
16190:
16185:
16180:
16165:
16150:
16145:
16135:
16130:
16125:
16120:
16013:
15787:
15403:
15376:
15302:
15162:
14961:
14889:
14841:
14835:
14798:
14781:
14030:
13899:
13640:
13468:
13300:
13112:
13001:
12824:
12789:
12751:
12665:
12655:
12519:
12341:
12313:
12015:
11556:
11494:
11383:
11274:
10057:
9927:"Tableau Pop_06_1: Population selon le sexe, la connaissance du français et l'âge décennal"
8519:
7678:
4158:
3268:
3190:
2448:
1899:
1871:
1827:
1519:
The Gaulish language likely survived into the sixth century in France despite considerable
1122:
15797:
15210:
14278:
14100:
14003:
12857:
12353:
4944:
3781:), but it is most frequently found in intervocalic, onset position or word-finally (e.g.,
3008:
8:
16470:
16412:
16352:
16342:
16322:
16312:
16297:
16292:
16272:
16242:
16210:
16195:
16170:
16106:
15498:
15390:
15358:
15352:
14973:
14933:
14899:
14727:
14491:
13919:
13777:
13739:
13568:
13305:
13269:
12945:
12814:
12715:
12599:
12571:
12323:
12225:
12098:
12055:
11975:
11929:
11806:
11799:
11779:
11740:
11652:
11444:
11413:
11388:
11354:
11256:
11251:
10649:
9324:
8788:
7769:
7750:
7365:
7127:
6205:. The active voice is unmarked while the passive voice is formed by using a form of verb
5343:
4983:
4509:
are always nasalized. The rules are more complex than this but may vary between dialects.
3276:
3075:
2881:
2832:
2787:
2344:
2242:
2062:
1879:
1842:
1812:). It retained this role until approximately the middle of the 20th century, when it was
1673:
1268:—languages historically spoken in northern France and in southern Belgium, which French (
1017:
15761:
15194:
14869:
14803:
14089:
13541:
13437:
12308:
11077:
6597:
3681:
There are a maximum of 17 vowels in French, not all of which are used in every dialect:
2733:
2487:
1906:
wrote in 1846: "Our schools in the Basque Country are particularly meant to replace the
1633:, which non-exhaustively included the use in upper-class speech and higher registers of
1265:
979:
594:
236:
16382:
16337:
16262:
16232:
16003:
15732:
15588:
15546:
15512:
15506:
15396:
15339:
15296:
15279:
15017:
15010:
14846:
14634:
14575:
14431:
14419:
14298:
14236:
14062:
13718:
13680:
13611:
13578:
13484:
13279:
13214:
13056:
12993:
12978:
12847:
12769:
12764:
12561:
12553:
12439:
12010:
11955:
11909:
11757:
11723:
11307:
10374:
10320:
8803:
8411:
8210:
8202:
8120:
7092:
6796:
6749:
6325:
5505:
5462:
5276:
5260:
5252:
5244:
4986:. Nevertheless, since the 1990 orthographic changes, the diaeresis in words containing
4948:
4885:
4257:
3198:
3143:
2923:
2837:
2743:
2479:
2408:
2202:
2014:
1838:
1705:
1285:
1103:
1084:
1073:
984:
153:
85:
15781:
14273:
13728:
7976:
Comparative Historical Dialectology: Italo-Romance Clues to Ibero-Romance Sound Change
5561:
4827:
2024:
Along with Luxembourgish and German, French is one of the three official languages of
1608:
869:
15960:
15939:
15859:
15819:
15678:
15606:
15600:
15524:
15416:
15326:
15267:
15179:
15137:
14938:
14884:
14690:
14675:
14646:
14629:
14539:
14502:
14471:
14459:
14378:
14366:
14283:
14258:
14252:
14177:
14146:
14054:
13889:
13757:
13708:
13591:
13259:
13209:
13064:
13046:
13041:
13021:
13016:
12968:
12902:
12591:
12434:
12349:
12296:
12156:
12138:
12133:
12118:
12103:
12042:
12005:
11919:
11852:
11830:
11811:
11679:
11606:
11429:
11329:
11215:
11195:
11172:
10919:
10901:
10883:
10876:
10860:
Vers les sources des langues romanes: Un itinéraire linguistique à travers la Romania
10829:
10667:
10591:
10324:
9745:
9517:
9476:
8839:
8770:
8762:
8752:
8652:
8551:
8473:
8440:
Rowlett, P. 2007. The Syntax of French. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Page 4
8415:
8403:
8383:
8276:
8194:
8052:
7980:
7941:
7914:
7884:
7700:
7659:
7639:
7573:
7212:
6769:
6335:
5519:
5326:
5316:
5284:
5272:
4403:
ending, very common in Latin, was then abbreviated by copyists (monks) by the letter
3726:
3507:
3319:
3245:
3148:
2968:
2864:
2715:
2692:
2196:
2052:
1857:
1822:
1793:
1776:
1716:
1697:
1692:
1630:
1462:
1316:
1289:
1241:
1003:
746:
609:
436:
216:
15802:
14771:
14749:
13601:
12424:
12419:
10378:
6573:
4533:
is pronounced and not . However, gemination does occur between words; for example,
3854:). In the onset, the central approximants , , and each correspond to a high vowel,
2746:. OIF estimates 700 million French speakers by 2050, 80% of whom will be in Africa.
2565:
continued to use French in administration, education, and trade. However, since the
1867:
928:
15913:
15903:
15888:
15876:
15792:
15741:
15705:
15683:
15670:
15664:
15593:
15582:
15486:
15451:
15435:
15284:
15272:
15205:
15169:
15157:
15125:
15050:
15022:
14995:
14825:
14820:
14808:
14788:
14776:
14717:
14624:
14581:
14522:
14517:
14512:
14476:
14407:
14391:
14288:
14095:
14049:
14025:
13974:
13969:
13957:
13834:
13762:
13606:
13596:
13550:
13431:
13427:
13411:
13254:
13244:
13229:
13224:
13219:
13143:
13138:
13128:
13094:
13036:
12983:
12930:
12892:
12837:
12799:
12759:
12729:
12614:
12444:
12414:
12394:
12345:
12333:
12290:
12286:
12275:
12260:
12255:
12070:
12022:
11894:
11869:
11359:
10495:
10366:
10312:
10158:
8909:
8395:
8233:
8214:
8186:
8029:
8017:
7876:
7690:
7651:
7563:
6765:
6757:
6355:
6345:
6315:
6305:
5537:
5454:
5446:
5307:
5280:
5264:
5256:
4526:
4337:
3904:
3163:
3138:
3133:
3109:
2891:
2854:
2817:
2711:
2684:
2542:
2444:
2435:), but is nearly extinct today. French also survived in isolated pockets along the
2404:
2332:
2048:
2010:
1994:
1817:
1509:
1506:
1499:
1468:
1277:
1150:
1145:
1136:
540:
201:
15688:
15638:
12379:
11532:
11371:
9418:
8807:
8237:
7801:
7655:
7552:"From foreign to national: a review of the status of the French language in Gabon"
6546:
6458:
2930:
578:
15997:
15983:
15864:
15766:
15756:
15700:
15551:
15539:
15479:
15474:
15289:
15218:
15200:
15174:
15147:
15077:
15034:
14946:
14879:
14766:
14732:
14685:
14680:
14402:
14334:
14306:
14083:
14015:
13985:
13884:
13807:
13787:
13767:
13530:
13249:
13239:
13234:
13193:
13102:
13069:
13026:
12973:
12963:
12958:
12953:
12912:
12887:
12882:
12877:
12872:
12852:
12804:
12794:
12609:
12604:
12543:
12389:
12363:
12328:
12281:
12267:
12165:
12128:
12113:
12108:
12050:
11965:
11525:
11266:
11021:
10943:: an international organisation for the promotion of French language and culture
10482:
10460:
10438:
10416:
10116:"Want To Know The Language of the Future? The Data Suggests It Could Be...French"
10053:
9983:"Want To Know The Language Of The Future? The Data Suggests It Could Be...French"
9728:
9470:
9331:
9304:
9282:
9260:
9177:
8700:
8527:
8051:. Maynooth: Department of Old Irish, National University of Ireland. p. 15.
7935:
7024:
6967:
6789:
6777:
6563:
6433:
6405:
5466:
5450:
5442:
4863:
4836:
4817:
4796:
4779:
4760:
4204:
3486:
3170:
3158:
2903:
2822:
2647:, and is taught in many schools along with Arabic and English. French is used on
2644:
2472:
2440:
2432:
2420:
2412:
2328:
2278:(French for "stop") are used in the province of Québec, Canada while the English
2166:
2040:
1979:
1962:, French has been the official language of the Republic since 1992, although the
1938:
1907:
1781:
1402:
1228:
1209:
1160:
1112:
1055:
329:
188:
176:
126:
15000:
13675:
12862:
11511:
8751:. Oxford Library of Psychology. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 468.
7695:
7595:
6590:
6246:
However, unless the subject of the sentence is specified, generally the pronoun
5513:
5346:
often correspond to that which they refer to. For example, a male teacher is an
4940:
4732:, indicates that a vowel is to be pronounced separately from the preceding one:
2995:
countries. It is also a working language in nonprofit organisations such as the
2335:. Elsewhere, sizable French-speaking minorities are found in southern Manitoba,
1834:
1089:
16048:
15955:
15950:
15871:
15751:
15713:
15445:
15005:
14951:
14921:
14813:
14497:
14425:
14371:
14120:
13939:
13929:
13772:
13723:
13670:
13647:
13630:
13586:
13183:
13133:
13107:
13006:
12867:
12809:
12538:
12533:
12404:
12384:
12337:
12318:
12302:
12088:
12083:
12075:
11899:
11857:
11434:
10911:
10709:
10687:
9017:"Francoscope. « 327 millions de francophones dans le monde en 2023 »"
8978:
7679:"Language-in-Education Policy and Practice in the Democratic Republic of Congo"
6854:
6761:
6745:
6732:
5555:
5296:
5226:
4208:
3624:
3523:
3207:
3074:
the language, the number of major areas in which the language is used, and the
3051:
2956:
2952:
2944:
2871:
2842:
2827:
2812:
2799:
2794:
2763:
2699:
2648:
2566:
2464:
2192:
2162:
2076:
2055:. The language is taught as the primary second language in the German state of
2018:
1983:
1948:
1616:
1498:
Gallo-Romance tongues, which include French and its closest relatives, such as
1430:
1407:
1305:
1281:
1127:
1045:
1036:
901: Countries and regions where French is the native language of the majority
726:
706:
334:
318:
171:
15094:
13844:
10316:
10212:
9898:
9838:
6936:), all numbers from 30 to 99 could be said in either base 10 or base 20, e.g.
6807:
The numeral system used in the majority of Francophone countries employs both
6607:
6482:
6448:
4854:
2363:
1264:, and more specifically in Northern Gaul. Its closest relatives are the other
16517:
15990:
15893:
15881:
15613:
15321:
14978:
14916:
14412:
13924:
13751:
13685:
13665:
13406:
13173:
12779:
12774:
12429:
12357:
12170:
12000:
11784:
11472:
10071:
The French-Speaking World: A Practical Introduction to Sociolinguistic Issues
9521:
9275:
8774:
8407:
8198:
7880:
7763:
7704:
7663:
7577:
7393:"Census in Brief: English, French and official language minorities in Canada"
7224:
7077:
6862:
6741:
6496:
6429:
6202:
5543:
5489:
5488:
The indicative mood makes use of eight tense-aspect forms. These include the
5378:(the male or female teacher, professor) can be distinguished from the plural
5320:
4423:
was reestablished in orthography for consistency, resulting in modern French
4178:
3428:
3379:
3282:
3213:
3092:
ranked French the third most useful language for business, after English and
2948:
2876:
2859:
2847:
2807:
2707:
2688:
2579:
2562:
2507:
2400:
2384:
2299:
2103: Countries that are not Francophone but are Members or Observers of the
1943:
1809:
1770:
1721:
1634:
1622:
1492:
1480:
731:
671:
569:
562:
550:
350:
298:
49:
20:
11125:
10712:, especially the section "Counting system" and its note on the influence of
10089:
France Diplomatie: Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Development
8090:
Pellegrini, Giovanni Battista (2011). "Substrata". In Posner; Green (eds.).
7817:"Le français est la deuxième langue la plus étudiée dans l'Union européenne"
6959:
was historically used in Switzerland for 80, but is now considered archaic.
6652:
6556:
6530:
6520:
2403:. Louisiana is home to many distinct French dialects, collectively known as
15772:
15632:
15072:
15027:
13914:
13792:
13447:
13442:
13396:
13274:
13178:
12935:
12673:
12576:
12566:
11884:
11589:
11546:
11346:
11317:
10431:
9643:"The Role of English in Vietnam's Foreign Language Policy: A Brief History"
9468:
9051:
Observatoire démographique et statistique de l'espace francophone (ODSEF).
8884:"Allemagne: le français, bientôt la deuxième langue officielle de la Sarre"
8463:
8113:
Munus amicitae. Studia linguistica in honorem Witoldi Manczak septuagenarii
7871:
Adams, J. N. (2007). "Chapter V – Regionalisms in provincial texts: Gaul".
7164:
7062:
7057:
7047:
6910:
6858:
6726:
It is estimated that 12% (4,200) of common French words found in a typical
6660:
6538:
6442:
6421:
6198:
5588:
is reserved for formal situations or for literary purposes. Similarly, the
5567:
5549:
5431:
4584:
4554:
4226:
4222:
4214:
3895:
3884:
3867:
3822:
2913:
2896:
2585:
2396:
2195:, but multiple forms that diverged through contact with various indigenous
2185:
2036:
2035:
At a regional level, French is acknowledged as an official language in the
1975:
1923:
1785:
1546:
1524:
1520:
1472:
1391:
1364:
1253:
1249:
1066:
631:
528:
325:
278:
161:
69:
13079:
10162:
9673:
The Routledge International Handbook of Language Education Policy in Asia.
8399:
8190:
7421:
7334:
6646:
6506:
6478:
6472:
5576:). Some forms are less commonly used today. In today's spoken French, the
2111:
1895:
853:
15834:
15827:
15564:
15130:
14037:
13839:
13377:
12920:
11551:
11454:
11299:
11073:
10370:
9170:
Le français à Abidjan : Pour une approche syntaxique du non-standard
9053:"Estimation du pourcentage et des effectifs de francophones (2023-03-15)"
7568:
7200:
7052:
6933:
6816:
6104:
The conditional makes use of the present (présent) and the past (passé).
5499:
5292:
4463:
4015:
When the following word begins with a vowel, however, a silent consonant
3664:
3646:
3638:
3630:
3616:
3609:
3596:
3456:
3448:
3441:
3423:
2663:
2570:
language. All three countries are full members of La Francophonie (OIF).
2416:
2392:
2336:
2177:
2006:
1808:
as the most important language of diplomacy and international relations (
1657:
1653:
1626:
1423:
1155:
836:
823:
501:
461:
145:
15099:
13849:
8384:"Word order in French, Spanish and Italian:A grammaticalization account"
6526:
6454:
6436:. The following pairs consist of a native noun and a learned adjective:
4000:
in a word of two or more syllables, but it is pronounced in some words (
3911:, "work", or when a word ending in ⟨al⟩ is pluralised, giving ⟨aux⟩ /o/.
2759:
said that French could become the world's most spoken language by 2050.
1512:, which did not go extinct until the late sixth century, long after the
892:
15142:
15112:
15104:
15060:
15055:
14705:
14464:
13997:
13868:
13862:
13855:
13011:
12060:
11289:
10940:
10554:"French fight franglais with alternatives for English technology terms"
10147:"On the Linguistic Design of Multinational Courts – The French Capture"
8206:
7426:
7339:
7288:
7264:
7236:
7228:
7176:
6929:
6727:
6667:
6514:
5531:
5458:
5288:
5232:
4615:
4520:
4218:
4086:
3654:
3601:
3558:
3433:
2610:
2495:
2483:
2436:
2181:
2025:
1649:
1599:
1476:
1387:
656:
496:
471:
466:
293:
16075:
12684:
10146:
9168:
7518:
7300:
6640:
6632:
6626:
6620:
6580:
6502:
6466:
5358:. A group of two male teachers and two female teachers would still be
4770:
3907:
when word- or morpheme-final and preceded by /i/, such as in /tʁavaj/
2999:(alongside English, German, Spanish, Portuguese, Arabic and Russian),
1383:
15908:
15746:
15088:
14383:
13828:
12925:
12460:
11398:
10583:
9732:
9676:
7240:
6812:
6296:
5525:
5248:
4544:
4516:
2680:
2388:
2275:
2081:
1883:
1662:
1528:
1327:
in the world, with about 50 countries and territories having it as a
862:
846:
810:
792:
661:
545:
273:
15534:
10013:"Focus – EU after Brexit: Will the French language make a comeback?"
4537:("a news item" or "a piece of information") is pronounced , whereas
2588:, consisting of the geographically separate enclaves referred to as
1816:
as the United States became the dominant global power following the
1401:
In 2015, approximately 40% of the francophone population (including
15693:
15529:
15345:
14793:
14641:
10971:
8101:
substratum, compared with lateral areas like Iberia and Venetia..."
7204:
7172:
7018:
6921:
for 80. Conversely, Belgium and in its former African colonies use
6359:
4914:
4303:
3777:, which is written ⟨gn⟩, can occur in word initial position (e.g.,
2619:
2554:
2428:
2424:
2352:
2303:
2295:
2056:
1971:
1911:
1887:
1837:(17th century), France, under the rule of powerful leaders such as
1712:
1672:
The earliest evidence of what became Old French can be seen in the
1356:
1352:
1335:
1269:
940:
636:
431:
396:
15898:
10962:
10409:
10082:
9194:
8766:
6851:, as in "fourscore and seven" (87), or "threescore and ten" (70).
6490:
3024:
Court of Justice for the Economic Community of West African States
2710:, 97% of the population can speak, read and write French while in
15517:
15382:
15120:
14544:
14529:
13822:
12581:
12514:
11312:
11180:
9348:
7304:
7294:
7272:
7260:
7244:
7188:
7168:
6874:
6808:
5240:
5043:
4307:
4234:
4046:
3766:
can occur in final position in borrowed (usually English) words:
2756:
2703:
2659:
2631:
2546:
2514:, an archipelago off the coast of Newfoundland in North America.
2320:
2312:
2173:
2044:
1998:
1725:("Frankish language"), and because of increased contact with the
1375:
1360:
1329:
936:
684:
679:
666:
646:
626:
511:
491:
416:
391:
381:
141:
11138:
10980:
10496:"End of the circumflex? Changes in French spelling cause uproar"
8800:
KVS Express (Supplement to Newspaper de Morgen) March–April 2006
8745:"Applied Perspectives: Policies for Managing Cultural Diversity"
8649:
L'Imposture. Mensonges et manipulations de l'Histoire officielle
8228:
Schmitt, Christian (1997). "Keltische im heutigen Französisch".
7534:"Multilingual Cameroon Policy, Practice, Problems and Solutions"
5138:
The circumflex does not affect the pronunciation of the letters
2675:
15719:
15065:
14988:
14968:
14700:
13991:
13979:
13962:
13696:
12220:
11601:
11169:
10042:
8713:
7284:
7252:
7220:
7037:
6870:
4411:. As the French language further evolved, the pronunciation of
4245:
2775:
2751:
2740:
Réseau Démographie de l'Agence universitaire de la Francophonie
2635:
2348:
2291:
2029:
1862:
1532:
1379:
1293:
582:
486:
476:
451:
441:
401:
157:
149:
137:
10275:"Mandarin Chinese Most Useful Business Language After English"
9687:
9685:
9469:
Ammon, Ulrich; International Sociological Association (1989).
8152:
Matasovic, Ranko (2007). "Insular Celtic as a Language Area".
7677:
Katabe, Isidore M.; Tibategeza, Eustard R. (17 January 2023).
3007:(used alongside English, Spanish, Portuguese and Arabic), and
14983:
14956:
13894:
13691:
13635:
10713:
10525:
Caffarel, Alice; Martin, J.R.; Matthiessen, Christian M.I.M.
7278:
7248:
7216:
7208:
7160:
6425:
4501:
is doubled, or immediately followed by a vowel. The prefixes
2460:
2380:
2316:
2115:
Countries of Africa by percentage of French speakers in 2023
2089: Countries usually considered part of Francophone Africa
2066:
Distribution of native French speakers in 6 countries in 2023
1890:. Instructions given by a French official to teachers in the
1805:
1726:
1359:); western Switzerland (specifically the cantons forming the
587:
557:
533:
481:
456:
446:
386:
211:
10529:. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
7146:
Dots: cities with native transmission, typically a minority.
6893:. In Switzerland, depending on the local dialect, 80 can be
6262:
The car is (being) driven. (Literally "one drives the car.")
5033:) if applicable but use often French pronunciation, such as
4880:
11874:
11284:
10640:
10638:
10453:
9693:"English to continue as link language in Puducherry: Court"
9682:
7268:
7232:
7184:
5339:
5268:
5236:
4650:. In standard French, it also signifies a pronunciation of
2960:
2550:
1997:, and is spoken in the western part of Switzerland, called
1308:. A French-speaking person or nation may be referred to as
1261:
736:
651:
641:
506:
411:
10882:. Translated by Richard Howard. New York Review of Books.
10727:"Questions de langue: Nombres (écriture, lecture, accord)"
8544:
Battye, Adrian; Hintze, Marie-Anne; Rowlett, Paul (2003).
4435:
was dropped in contemporary French). The same is true for
4340:). For example, the following words end in a vowel sound:
4161:). The missing vowel is replaced by an apostrophe. (e.g.,
3842:
Lateral and central approximants: The lateral approximant
2991:
and the least used of the three official languages in the
2097: Countries sometimes considered as Francophone Africa
939:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
8507:
Charles de Bovelles, 1479–1553: An Intellectual Biography
8325:
8323:
7843:"How many people speak French and where is French spoken"
7113:
List of French words and phrases used by English speakers
4900:(family name and hotel on the Boulevard Raspail, Paris),
3036:
International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia
2770:, where it is the sole internal working language, or the
13514:
10646:
Description lexicale du français parlé en Vallée d'Aoste
10635:
8307:), dress... construction... birds... fish... insects...
6614:
There are also noun-noun and adjective-adjective pairs:
2268:
11009:
10475:
9472:
Status and Function of Languages and Language Varieties
8941:
8585:"Seduction Still Works: French – a Language in Decline"
8049:
Studies in the History of Celtic Pronouns and Particles
4169:). This gives, for example, the same pronunciation for
14176:
10666:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 110.
10300:
10213:"Foreign languages 'shortfall' for business, CBI says"
9436:
8910:"German region of Saarland moves towards bilingualism"
8736:
8320:
8166:
8133:
7098:
List of countries where French is an official language
4391:
sequence was unstable and was turned into a diphthong
2973:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
2714:
this figure is 95%, and in the French collectivity of
11010:
Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales
10524:
8747:. In Benet-Martínez, Verónica; Hong, Ying-Yi (eds.).
8269:
Holmes, Urban; Herman Schutz, Alexander (June 1938).
7873:
The Regional Diversification of Latin 200 BC – AD 600
4468:
4395:. This change was then reflected in the orthography:
3683:/a/,/ɑ/,/e/,/ɛ/,/ɛː/,/ə/,/i/,/o/,/ɔ/,/y/,/u/,/œ/,/ø/,
2658:
Today, French and English are secondary languages of
14868:
10047:"These are the most powerful languages in the world"
9899:
Institut Statistique de Polynésie Française (ISPF).
9839:
Institut Statistique de Polynésie Française (ISPF).
9743:
8547:
The French Language Today: A Linguistic Introduction
7625:"Mapped: Top 15 Countries by Native French Speakers"
7014:
1733:, numerous Arabic loanwords entered French, such as
1367:
region of Italy; and various communities elsewhere.
1256:, as did all Romance languages. French evolved from
10952:: Agency for promoting French as a foreign language
8703:, data for EU25, published before 2007 enlargement.
8543:
8268:
7749:
7549:
5362:. However, a group of two female teachers would be
5017:In addition, words coming from German retain their
4213:French is written with the 26 letters of the basic
4025:or "link" between the two words. Some liaisons are
2005:have bilingual status: for example, cities such as
1982:) and one of the two official languages—along with
1874:, only French was taught and the use of any other (
1690:), or wars and royal courts, notably including the
1325:
one of the most geographically widespread languages
10875:
10350:Brissaud, Catherine; Chevrot, Jean-Pierre (2011).
9788:
9776:
9764:
8937:
8935:
7745:
7743:
6256:The dog is loved. (Literally "one loves the dog.")
3054:. It is the sole internal working language of the
2541:French was the official language of the colony of
1523:. Coexisting with Latin, Gaulish helped shape the
16604:Languages of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
10900:. (First U.S. ed.) New York: St. Martin's Press.
9929:(in French). Government of France. Archived from
9508:DeGraff, Michel; Ruggles, Molly (1 August 2014).
9356:"Francophonie ("Qu'est-ce que la Francophonie?")"
8781:
8642:
8640:
8264:
8262:
7472:
5457:(conditionnel). The non-finite moods include the
4764:) is nasalized in the regular way if followed by
3752:) are typically produced fully voiced throughout.
2979:(alongside Spanish, Portuguese and English), the
2730:According to a demographic projection led by the
1527:dialects that developed into French contributing
1351:of Quebec, Ontario, and New Brunswick); Belgium (
75:for phonetic transcriptions, with an appropriate
16515:
9610:"French Declines in Indochina, as English Booms"
9225:"Annonces import export Francophone – CECIF.com"
9046:
9044:
8377:
8375:
8083:
7683:European Journal of Language and Culture Studies
7676:
5329:and the creation of new tenses from auxiliaries.
4112:) makes it clearly pronounced. Doubling a final
3717:in many people's speech, but the distinction of
2938:
2655:, and on official buildings (alongside Arabic).
2355:with which it forms a single metropolitan area.
1775:Within Old French many dialects emerged but the
1698:epic cycles focused on King Arthur and his court
1420:most spoken language by total number of speakers
10551:
10538:
10536:
10349:
9901:"Recensement 2007 – Données détaillées Langues"
9841:"Recensement 2017 – Données détaillées Langues"
9388:. 2.statcan.ca. 7 December 2010. Archived from
9080:"French language growing, especially in Africa"
8983:"World Population Prospects: The 2022 Revision"
8932:
8743:Novoa, Cristina; Moghaddam, Fathali M. (2014).
8381:
7740:
7293:One country not member or observer of the OIF:
5436:
5366:. In many situations, including in the case of
5295:, while certain verb features are marked using
4519:to specify its large range of vowel sounds and
2343:in Newfoundland and Labrador, where the unique
1792:(1539) named French the language of law in the
10896:Nadeau, Jean-Benoît, and Julie Barlow (2006).
9507:
9013:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
8742:
8637:
8259:
8092:Romance Comparative and Historical Linguistics
7589:
7587:
7480:"French language is on the up, report reveals"
7157:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
6835:, literally "four twenties", and the word for
5197:("the" feminine singular) and the conjunction
5010:, and by analogy may be used in verbs such as
3968:, however, are normally pronounced. The final
2158:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
1669:which would later be leveled to monophthongs.
1343:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
702:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
16091:
14162:
13500:
13360:
12700:
12497:
12203:
11154:
11130:
10873:
10266:
9041:
8749:The Oxford Handbook of Multicultural Identity
8621:(in French). 18 November 2003. Archived from
8372:
8275:. Biblo & Tannen Publishers. p. 30.
7913:. Ellipses Edition Marketing S.A. p. 7.
7531:
7361:"The world's languages, in 7 maps and charts"
6756:, 215 from Arabic, 164 from German, 160 from
6107:The passé uses auxiliary verbs in its forms.
6099:
5394:/le(s)/ are all pronounced differently. With
3044:International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea
2934:Varieties of the French language in the world
1749:(syrop), as well as scientific terms such as
1471:(meaning that it is descended primarily from
1180:
769:(Quebec Board of the French Language, Quebec)
11530:
11509:
11369:
10708:. See also the English Knowledge article on
10533:
10244:"Johnson: What is a foreign language worth?"
9671:Kirkpatrick, Andy and Anthony J. Liddicoat,
9335:
9308:
8458:
7596:"Linguistic policy challenges in Madagascar"
6915:
6903:
6895:
6887:
6879:
6877:, use different names for 70 and 90, namely
6841:
6829:
6821:
6740:(35,000 words) are of foreign origin (where
6666:More recently (1994) the linguistic policy (
5622:
5616:
5610:
5604:
5595:
5589:
5583:
5577:
5571:
5559:
5547:
5535:
5523:
5511:
5503:
5493:
5479:
4572:—school) means that the vowel is pronounced
4354:
4217:, with four diacritics appearing on vowels (
2983:, one of eighteen official languages of the
2731:
2156:
1928:Geographical distribution of French speakers
1866:) spoken in France. This began in 1794 with
1856:Near the beginning of the 19th century, the
1846:
1729:during the Crusades who referred to them as
1614:
1606:
1536:
1340:
1222:
1203:
113:
16058:languages with more than 5 million speakers
14128:varieties with more than 5 million speakers
10527:Language Typology: A Functional Perspective
10151:International Journal of Constitutional Law
9501:
9135:"Bulletin de liaison du réseau démographie"
8513:
8382:Lahousse, Karen; Lamiroy, Béatrice (2012).
8070:
8068:
7584:
7440:
5899:
5594:is used for speaking rather than the older
4603:—pupil) means that the vowel is pronounced
4141:Some monosyllabic function words ending in
3729:. In Quebec and Belgian French, the vowels
2459:French is one of two official languages in
16098:
16084:
15641:(mixed Romani–Ibero- and Occitano-Romance)
14169:
14155:
13507:
13493:
13367:
13353:
12707:
12693:
12504:
12490:
12210:
12196:
11161:
11147:
11012:: monolingual dictionaries (including the
10063:
9864:
9862:
9834:
9832:
9737:
9607:
9195:"L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde"
8977:
8221:
8125:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
8089:
8012:
8010:
8008:
7550:Ndinga-Koumba-Binza, H.S. (22 June 2011).
3040:International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
3016:African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights
2670:
2643:is a widespread second language among the
2561:" (now extinct). After French rule ended,
1917:
1878:) language was punished. The goals of the
1715:in which French became so dominant in the
1447:General Conference on Weights and Measures
1187:
1173:
891:
717:General Conference on Weights and Measures
16584:Languages of the Central African Republic
10195:The World's 10 most influential languages
10190:
10188:
10186:
10184:
9746:"Article 11 of the Lebanese Constitution"
9011:Observatoire de la langue française de l'
8646:
8520:The World's 10 Most Influential Languages
8452:
8180:
8151:
8046:
7979:. John Benjamins Publishing. p. 51.
7694:
7637:
7567:
7083:Glossary of French expressions in English
6792:and 144 (about 3%) from other languages.
6420:The majority of French words derive from
6047:
5477:
4955:(an insurance company in eastern France).
2662:, with about 40% of the population being
1804:During the 17th century, French replaced
11005:Collins Online English↔French Dictionary
10956:
10857:
10272:
10114:Gobry, Pascal-Emmanuel (21 March 2014).
10083:The French Ministry of Foreign affairs.
9722:Pondicherry, the French outpost in India
9446:. Factfinder2.census.gov. Archived from
8329:
8139:
8074:
8065:
7904:
7902:
7900:
7866:
7864:
5627:all use auxiliary verbs in their forms.
5255:(masculine or feminine) of their nouns;
3113:
2929:
2674:
2609:
2510:on the South American continent, and of
2506:French is the official language of both
2362:
2110:
2080:
2061:
1942:
1656:, maintained a relic of the old nominal
1645:), and the name of the language itself.
1613:while the population in the south spoke
1451:International Committee of the Red Cross
722:International Committee of the Red Cross
620:Non-official but administrative/cultural
16534:Languages attested from the 9th century
16105:
12714:
11020:For other unilingual dictionaries, see
10787:"Universal Declaration of Human Rights"
10757:"Universal Declaration of Human Rights"
10688:"Septante, octante (huitante), nonante"
10661:
10610:
10241:
9919:
9892:
9859:
9829:
9608:Richardson, Michael (16 October 1993).
9528:from the original on 6 September 2015.
8873:, Aoste, Fondation Émile Chanoux, 2003.
8831:
8671:
8651:. France: Institut d'études occitanes.
8582:
8227:
8034:10.1146/annurev.anthro.33.070203.143852
8016:
8005:
7814:
5398:, however, for both singular forms the
4326:is not pronounced though at the end of
4019:once again be pronounced, to provide a
3920:Final single consonants, in particular
3052:World Trade Organization Appellate Body
2248:French language distribution in Canada
1574:), farming and rural units of measure (
1486:
933:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
767:Office québécois de la langue française
16599:Languages of the Republic of the Congo
16516:
11103:La langue française dans le monde 2010
10992:
10822:La langue française dans le monde 2014
10388:from the original on 22 September 2019
10331:from the original on 18 September 2023
10181:
10126:from the original on 24 September 2015
9993:from the original on 24 September 2015
9962:from the original on 18 September 2023
9817:from the original on 18 September 2023
9489:from the original on 18 September 2023
9475:. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 306–08.
9115:from the original on 18 September 2023
8852:from the original on 18 September 2023
8787:
8724:from the original on 17 September 2016
8714:"Explore language knowledge in Europe"
8564:from the original on 18 September 2023
8504:
8344:
8342:
8340:
8338:
8289:from the original on 18 September 2023
8250:
8110:
7993:from the original on 18 September 2023
7972:
7954:from the original on 18 September 2023
7716:
7714:
7593:
7103:List of English words of French origin
6239:"La voiture a été conduite par Marc."
4821:) or not pronounced, leaving only the
3056:Court of Justice of the European Union
2768:Court of Justice of the European Union
2749:In a study published in March 2014 by
2698:French is an official language of the
2651:banknotes, on road signs, on Lebanese
1412:Court of Justice of the European Union
1272:) largely supplanted. French was also
16079:
14150:
13488:
13348:
12688:
12485:
12191:
11142:
11129:
10698:from the original on 4 September 2010
10623:from the original on 5 September 2005
10298:
10223:from the original on 30 December 2018
10210:
10144:
10113:
9653:from the original on 25 February 2021
9187:
9077:
8959:from the original on 20 February 2024
8472:. St. Martin's Press. pp. 34ff.
8145:
7933:
7908:
7897:
7870:
7861:
7849:from the original on 21 November 2017
7532:Tove Rosendal, Tove Rosendal (2008).
7508:
7490:from the original on 1 September 2015
7330:
7328:
7326:
7324:
7118:List of German words of French origin
6997:Universal Declaration of Human Rights
6981:Universal Declaration of Human Rights
5283:, and the person and number of their
5135:Accents with no pronunciation effect
4962:appears in the Biblical proper names
4862:
4835:
4816:
4795:
4778:
4759:
3996:is usually silent when it follows an
1227:
1208:
125:
10604:
10476:Ortograf.net writing system proposal
10285:from the original on 29 March 2015.
10254:from the original on 9 December 2017
10095:from the original on 19 January 2012
10073:, Taylor & Francis, 2016, page 6
9752:from the original on 16 January 2013
9703:from the original on 21 October 2021
9641:says, Aly Chiman (1 February 2007).
9640:
9589:from the original on 2 February 2021
9559:from the original on 18 October 2016
9510:"A Creole Solution for Haiti's Woes"
9235:from the original on 17 January 2013
9205:from the original on 2 December 2016
9059:from the original on 24 January 2024
8920:from the original on 14 October 2018
8793:"Belgium's new linguistic challenge"
8230:Zeitschrift für Celtische Philologie
8094:. De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 43–74.
8020:(2004). "Language birth and death".
7638:Hulstaert, Karen (2 November 2018).
7068:French language in the United States
5418:(masculine) refers to a book, while
5193:("there", "where") from the article
4165:is instead pronounced and spelled →
3065:In 1997, George Weber published, in
3028:Inter-American Court of Human Rights
2683:(€4.20; US$ 5.00) banknote, used in
2584:French was the official language of
2501:
27:
10819:
10767:from the original on 7 January 2022
10582:
10023:from the original on 2 October 2020
9813:(in French). Government of France.
9794:
9782:
9770:
9622:from the original on 9 October 2018
8890:from the original on 22 August 2017
8335:
8079:. Paris: La Différence. p. 26.
7815:Develey, Alice (25 February 2017).
7722:"The status of French in the world"
7711:
7448:"La langue française dans le monde"
7373:from the original on 16 August 2015
7108:List of French loanwords in Persian
6378: Other Asian languages (2.12%)
6209:("to be") and the past participle.
4844:is nasalized in the regular way if
3903:The lateral approximant /l/ can be
2993:North American Free Trade Agreement
2772:Directorate-General for Agriculture
13:
16719:Languages of Saint Martin (island)
16062:Languages between parentheses are
14132:Languages between parentheses are
11121:French Ministry of Foreign Affairs
11052:Swadesh list in English and French
10867:
10552:metrowebukmetro (1 October 2012).
10410:Fonétik.fr writing system proposal
10045:Innovation and Policy Initiative,
9956:"Agora: La francophonie de demain"
9542:Ministère de l'Éducation nationale
9109:"Agora: La francophonie de demain"
9090:from the original on 25 March 2010
9029:from the original on 15 April 2023
8947:"2023 World Population Data Sheet"
8422:from the original on 27 April 2021
7823:from the original on 24 April 2017
7622:
7509:Ploog, Katja (25 September 2002).
7460:from the original on 17 March 2022
7403:from the original on 11 March 2018
7321:
7299:Two French territories in Africa:
6537:However, a historical tendency to
4982:, as well as French names such as
4550:Accents that affect pronunciation
4541:("a nymphomaniac") is pronounced .
4484:follows a vowel or diphthong, the
2594:official language of the territory
1625:. The period is marked by a heavy
1570:, etc.), domestic activities (ex.
1435:North Atlantic Treaty Organization
737:North Atlantic Treaty Organization
65:for transliterated languages, and
45:of its non-English content, using
14:
16785:
16497:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
15942:(unknown further classification)
11168:
11117:The status of French in the world
11063:
10929:
10797:from the original on 31 July 2021
10432:Ortofasil writing system proposal
10273:Lauerman, John (30 August 2011).
10169:from the original on 22 July 2024
9980:
9868:
9366:from the original on 13 July 2015
8992:from the original on 6 March 2023
8583:Meisler, Stanley (1 March 1986).
7277:One associate member of the OIF:
5287:. Case is primarily marked using
5037:(trademark of a pressure washer).
4662:after a vowel, where that letter
4193:
3663:
3645:
3637:
3629:
3575:
3563:
3549:
3542:
3534:
3528:
3514:
3506:
3498:
3491:
3477:
3468:
3461:
3396:
3389:
3367:
3360:
3339:
3332:
3325:
3309:
3302:
3295:
3288:
3267:
3258:
3251:
3235:
3226:
3219:
3197:
3189:
3182:
3175:
2522:
13376:
12513:
12219:
10934:
10779:
10749:
10719:
10680:
10655:
10576:
10564:from the original on 17 May 2013
10545:
10518:
10506:from the original on 31 May 2018
10488:
10466:
10454:Alfograf writing system proposal
10444:
10422:
10400:
10343:
10292:
10235:
10204:
10138:
10107:
10041:Kai Chan, Distinguished Fellow,
8595:from the original on 2 July 2015
8486:from the original on 18 May 2024
8272:A History of the French Language
7937:French: From Dialect to Standard
7432:
7345:
7017:
6867:Democratic Republic of the Congo
5603:Within the indicative mood, the
3972:is sometimes pronounced like in
2358:
2267:
2241:
1799:
1764:
1711:It was during the period of the
1514:fall of the Western Roman Empire
952:
772:Direction de la langue française
427:Democratic Republic of the Congo
32:
11045:
10076:
10035:
10005:
9974:
9948:
9800:
9715:
9665:
9634:
9601:
9571:
9545:
9536:
9462:
9404:
9378:
9315:
9288:
9266:
9247:
9217:
9159:
9127:
9101:
9071:
9004:
8971:
8902:
8876:
8864:
8838:. Editions Jean-paul Gisserot.
8825:
8706:
8687:
8665:
8607:
8576:
8537:
8498:
8443:
8434:
8244:
8160:
8104:
8040:
7966:
7927:
7911:Histoire de la langue française
7835:
7808:
7790:
7755:"Europeans and their Languages"
7670:
7631:
7616:
7543:
7149:
7123:Official bilingualism in Canada
6973:
6944:(two twenties and ten) for 50,
5472:
5410:refers to a male dentist while
5315:the development of grammatical
5150:. It usually indicates that an
3984:but can also be silent like in
2977:Organization of American States
2965:International Olympic Committee
2339:, Prince Edward Island and the
2047:and is the main language after
1443:International Olympic Committee
712:International Olympic Committee
695:Intergovernmental organizations
16764:Languages of Wallis and Futuna
16749:Languages of the United States
16066:of the language on their left.
15936:(Western Romance-based pidgin)
14136:of the language on their left.
11500:Government of National Defense
10965:: interactive French program,
10813:
10716:in the French counting system.
10664:Old French: A Concise Handbook
10613:"Maltese – an unusual formula"
10211:Burns, Judith (22 June 2014).
10145:Cohen, Mathilde (April 2016).
9201:(in French). Jacques Leclerc.
7525:
7502:
7415:
7385:
7353:
7140:
7088:Influence of French on English
6909:(Vaud, Valais, Fribourg). The
6233:"Le chien est aimé par elle."
6229:Example of the passive voice:
5259:and a few other pronouns, for
5178:(past participle for the verb
5154:came after it long ago, as in
4921:(name of Flemish origin spelt
4443:and many others. In addition,
4407:, resulting in a written form
4251:
3878:occur in final position as in
3866:respectively. There are a few
3846:is unvelarised in both onset (
3804:are dental, like the plosives
3705:are tending to be replaced by
3060:European Court of Human Rights
3032:International Court of Justice
2618:and French at the entrance of
2439:of what was previously French
1964:Ordinance of Villers-Cotterêts
1790:Ordinance of Villers-Cotterêts
1296:invaders. Today, owing to the
1023:Ordinance of Villers-Cotterêts
81:multilingual support templates
1:
16774:Subject–verb–object languages
16619:Languages of French Polynesia
11409:Diplomatic Revolution of 1756
11404:War of the Spanish Succession
11105:(Full book freely accessible)
11014:Trésor de la langue française
10976:University of Texas at Austin
10967:University of Texas at Austin
10918:. Berlin/Boston: de Gruyter.
9553:"Guyana – World Travel Guide"
9078:Cross, Tony (19 March 2010),
8681:www.research.manchester.ac.uk
8509:. Librairie Droz. p. 28.
8238:10.1515/zcph.1997.49-50.1.814
8077:Dictionnaire Français-Gaulois
7656:10.1080/00309230.2018.1494203
7623:Lu, Marcus (31 August 2024).
7594:Øyvind, Dahl (19 June 2024).
7314:
6901:(Geneva, Neuchâtel, Jura) or
6760:, 159 from Spanish, 153 from
6414: Other languages (3.43%)
6287:
6222:"Marc a conduit la voiture."
6212:Example of the active voice:
5465:(participe présent), and the
5350:while a female teacher is an
5312:the loss of the neuter gender
5098:in front of the front vowels
4262:Reforms of French orthography
3126:Consonant phonemes in French
3058:, and makes with English the
2939:Current status and importance
2369:French-based creole languages
1593:
1416:most natively spoken language
1302:French-based creole languages
160:, and other locations in the
13189:Labrador Inuit Pidgin French
12638:French Belgian Sign Language
11027:
10941:Fondation Alliance française
9615:International Herald Tribune
8804:original source (pdf 4.9 MB)
8075:Savignac, Jean-Paul (2004).
6940:(twenty and twelve) for 32,
6865:as well as that used in the
5437:Moods and tense-aspect forms
5070:in front of the back vowels
5062:—boy) means that the letter
4173:("the man whom he saw") and
4104:at the end of a word (e.g.,
3103:
3048:International Criminal Court
2781:
2454:
2325:French Language Services Act
2290:language in the province of
1826:said that the fact that the
1629:influence from the Germanic
1396:Democratic Republic of Congo
1312:in both English and French.
1280:of Northern Roman Gaul like
16:Romance language from France
7:
15933:Mediterranean Lingua Franca
13311:Plains Indian Sign Language
11109:
10878:When the World Spoke French
10828:(in French). Nathan. 2014.
10611:Brincat, Joseph M. (2005).
10242:Johnson (9 December 2017).
9873:(in French). Archived from
9579:"Saint Pierre and Miquelon"
9298:c) Le sabir franco-africain
9084:Radio France Internationale
8943:Population Reference Bureau
8647:Labouysse, Georges (2007).
7772:, p. 5, archived from
7696:10.24018/ejlang.2023.2.1.58
7010:
6802:
6241:The car was driven by Marc.
4929:in handwriting looked like
4198:
2537:French language in Cambodia
2423:was historically spoken in
2411:, essentially a variant of
2377:United States Census Bureau
2209:
1947:Knowledge of French in the
1648:Up until its later stages,
1414:). French is also the 16th
10:
16790:
16699:Languages of New Caledonia
16614:Languages of French Guiana
15635:(mixed Portuguese–Spanish)
14661:Gallo-Italic of Basilicata
14455:Central−Southern Calabrian
13162:Pidgins, creoles and mixed
11890:French subdivisions by GDP
11637:2022 presidential election
11622:2017 presidential election
11057:
11032:
11019:
10950:Agence de promotion du FLE
10069:Rodney Ball, Dawn Marley,
8835:Le français et les langues
8534:. Retrieved 11 April 2011.
8505:Victor, Joseph M. (1978).
7973:Craven, Thomas D. (2002).
7934:Lodge, R. Anthony (1993).
7283:Two observers of the OIF:
6100:Conditional (conditionnel)
5429:
5325:the loss of certain Latin
5224:
5220:
4666:was not pronounced. Thus,
4255:
4202:
4132:is preceded by the letter
3685:plus the nasalized vowels
3586:
3107:
3062:'s two working languages.
3020:Caribbean Court of Justice
2959:, an official language of
2785:
2641:French language in Lebanon
2606:French language in Lebanon
2603:
2599:
2577:
2529:French language in Vietnam
2526:
2224:Languages of the Caribbean
2220:Languages of South America
2216:Languages of North America
2213:
2074:
1936:
1921:
1768:
1597:
1490:
1460:
1456:
1433:, the European Union, the
18:
16559:Languages of Burkina Faso
16484:
16436:
16398:
16113:
16040:
16024:
15975:
15924:
15848:
15652:
15625:
15574:
15426:
15312:
15258:
15239:
15190:
14857:
14610:
14601:
14562:
14442:
14327:
14316:
14227:
14189:
14111:
14076:
13877:
13806:
13620:
13577:
13549:
13540:
13523:
13456:
13420:
13389:
13326:
13288:
13202:
13161:
13121:
13093:
13055:
12992:
12944:
12911:
12823:
12750:
12743:
12722:
12664:
12646:
12623:
12590:
12552:
12526:
12473:Language policy in France
12469:
12453:
12372:
12272:Navarro-Lapurdian dialect
12248:
12232:
12151:
12041:
11951:
11942:
11838:
11829:
11731:
11722:
11660:
11651:
11572:
11453:
11422:
11394:Second Hundred Years' War
11345:
11298:
11265:
11244:
11236:Liberalism and radicalism
11188:
11179:
11136:
11131:Links to related articles
11016:), language corpora, etc.
10858:Roegiest, Eugeen (2006).
10542:Walter & Walter 1998.
10481:29 September 2009 at the
10317:10.1007/s11145-015-9586-8
10201:, retrieved on scribd.com
9744:Axel Tschentscher, LL.M.
9325:République centrafricaine
8672:Joubert, Aurélie (2010).
8047:Schrijver, Peter (1997).
7940:. Routledge. p. 46.
7073:French language in Canada
6774:Native American languages
6424:or were constructed from
6260:"On conduit la voiture."
6120:
6117:
6115:
6063:
6061:
5927:
5924:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5779:
5776:
5773:
5770:
5768:
5764:
5646:
5643:
5640:
5637:
5635:
5422:a (feminine) is a pound.
5146:, nor, in most dialects,
4790:with diaeresis following
4747:with diaeresis following
4053:, for example, the first
3600:
3595:
3593:
3504:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3420:
3347:
3308:
3275:
3206:
3169:
3130:
3094:Standard Mandarin Chinese
2732:
2725:
2512:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
2232:
2228:French language in Canada
2157:
2150: >50% Francophone
2070:
1974:(excluding a part of the
1932:
1847:
1820:. Stanley Meisler of the
1679:Sequence of Saint Eulalia
919:
890:
876:
860:
844:
808:
790:
785:
764:(French Academy, France)
755:
605:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
367:Official language in
365:
360:
340:
315:
266:
185:
167:
133:
121:
112:
107:
16734:Languages of Switzerland
16644:Languages of Ivory Coast
16594:Languages of the Comoros
14943:North American dialects
14450:Extreme Southern Italian
13383:Languages of Switzerland
13169:Algonquian–Basque pidgin
11665:Administrative divisions
11093:
10986:French lessons in London
10916:Manuel des francophonies
10862:. Leuven, Belgium: Acco.
10359:Writing Systems Research
9981:Gobry, Pascal-Emmanuel.
8615:"Rapport Grégoire an II"
8550:. Taylor & Francis.
7909:Hélix, Laurence (2011).
7881:10.1017/CBO9780511482977
7181:Central African Republic
7133:
6235:The dog is loved by her.
6192:
6186:ils/elles auraient aimé
5900:Subjunctive (subjonctif)
5600:seen in literary works.
5425:
5333:
4998:) may be moved onto the
4951:and a family name), and
4302:. While it contains 130
4185:) is more emphasized on
4075:beaucoup d'hommes aiment
3693:. In France, the vowels
3407:Vowel phonemes in French
3005:Médecins sans Frontières
2989:World Trade Organization
2592:. It continued to be an
2573:
2545:, comprising modern-day
2415:, is spoken in parts of
2144: 41-50% Francophone
2138: 31-40% Francophone
2132: 21-30% Francophone
2126: 11-20% Francophone
1439:World Trade Organization
1248:. It descended from the
1051:Articles and determiners
742:World Trade Organization
407:Central African Republic
174:: 74 million (2020)
19:Not to be confused with
16729:Languages of Seychelles
16679:Languages of Mauritania
16674:Languages of Martinique
16664:Languages of Madagascar
16659:Languages of Luxembourg
16629:Languages of Guadeloupe
14362:Central−Northern Latian
13516:Gallo-Romance languages
11885:Franc (former currency)
11490:Coup of 2 December 1851
11463:Long nineteenth century
11039:French verb conjugation
10459:12 January 2010 at the
9727:16 October 2021 at the
9360:www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca
9303:17 January 2013 at the
9281:17 January 2013 at the
9176:20 January 2016 at the
8832:Abalain, Hervé (2007).
7155:29 full members of the
6754:Gallo-Romance languages
6041:ils/elles eussent aimé
5887:ils/elles avaient aimé
5231:French is a moderately
4634:—forest) shows that an
4607:instead of the default
4576:instead of the default
4515:: French uses not only
4267:words such as "debt"):
4128:) adds a sound if the
3817:voiced uvular fricative
3768:parking, camping, swing
3755:Voiceless stops (i.e.,
2981:Eurovision Song Contest
2909:South East Asian French
2671:Oceania and Australasia
2533:French language in Laos
2517:
2120: 0-10% Francophone
2043:. It is also spoken in
1988:Brussels-Capital Region
1951:and candidate countries
1918:Geographic distribution
1357:Brussels-Capital Region
16684:Languages of Mauritius
16156:Bosnia and Herzegovina
14666:Gallo-Italic of Sicily
13334:Canadian dictionaries
13317:Maritime Sign Language
13296:American Sign Language
12785:Malecite-Passamaquoddy
11905:Science and technology
11562:Provisional Government
11531:
11510:
11370:
10988:, The Language machine
10874:Marc Fumaroli (2011).
10197:, George Weber, 1997,
9336:
9309:
7831:– via Le Figaro.
6963:
6916:
6904:
6896:
6888:
6880:
6842:
6830:
6822:
6786:Balto-Slavic languages
6782:Afro-Asiatic languages
6216:"Elle aime le chien."
6048:Imperative (imperatif)
5893:ils/elles eurent aimé
5881:ils/elles auront aimé
5623:
5617:
5611:
5605:
5596:
5590:
5584:
5578:
5572:
5560:
5548:
5536:
5524:
5512:
5504:
5494:
5480:
5461:mood (infinitif), the
5263:, number, gender, and
5090:before a back vowel).
4939:(commune near Paris),
4355:
4298:French orthography is
4181:, the second example (
3894:
3883:
3821:
3796:, and palato-alveolar
3122:
3121:Spoken French (Africa)
3089:Bloomberg Businessweek
2935:
2802:(North African French)
2755:, the investment bank
2695:
2623:
2469:French Creole language
2372:
2341:Port au Port Peninsula
2191:There is not a single
2152:
2108:
2067:
1960:Constitution of France
1952:
1641:(a calque of Germanic
1615:
1607:
1537:
1341:
1298:French colonial empire
1260:, the Latin spoken in
1229:[lɑ̃ɡfʁɑ̃sɛːz]
1223:
1204:
921:This article contains
114:
16609:Languages of Djibouti
16574:Languages of Cameroon
16569:Languages of Cambodia
15153:Poitevin–Saintongeais
14126:A star (*) indicates
14021:Poitevin-Saintongeais
13952:Labrador Inuit Pidgin
13330:Canadian style guides
12633:Flemish Sign Language
10957:Courses and tutorials
10437:14 April 2009 at the
10299:Fejzo, Anila (2016).
10052:24 March 2019 at the
9699:. 14 September 2014.
8589:The Los Angeles Times
8526:12 March 2008 at the
8400:10.1515/flin.2012.014
8191:10.1353/lan.2003.0131
7644:Paedagogica Historica
7257:São Tomé and Príncipe
7197:Republic of the Congo
6197:French uses both the
6180:ils/elles aimeraient
6035:ils/elles aient aimé
5453:(impératif), and the
5201:("or"), respectively.
5094:is always pronounced
4896:(an alley in Paris),
4794:is either pronounced
3850:) and coda position (
3120:
3001:Amnesty International
2985:European Space Agency
2933:
2678:
2613:
2366:
2309:Northwest Territories
2214:Further information:
2114:
2084:
2065:
1946:
1904:French Basque Country
1684:Old French literature
1300:, there are numerous
179:: 238 million (2022)
16759:Languages of Vietnam
16754:Languages of Vanuatu
16744:Languages of Tunisia
16724:Languages of Senegal
16709:Languages of Réunion
16694:Languages of Morocco
16654:Languages of Lebanon
16564:Languages of Burundi
16549:Languages of Belgium
16544:Languages of Algeria
16107:Languages of Europe
14962:St. Marys Bay French
14486:Neapolitan–Calabrese
13421:Major dialect groups
13301:Quebec Sign Language
12744:Indigenous languages
12656:German Sign Language
12520:Languages of Belgium
12314:French Sign Language
11710:World Heritage Sites
11627:Coronavirus pandemic
10998:Oxford Dictionaries
10972:Tex's French Grammar
10662:Einhorn, E. (1974).
10644:Jean-Pierre Martin,
10058:World Economic Forum
9958:. 24 November 2004.
9330:5 April 2007 at the
9259:27 July 2009 at the
9111:. 24 November 2004.
8789:Van Parijs, Philippe
8718:languageknowledge.eu
8699:17 June 2017 at the
8354:www.pin1.harvard.edu
8350:"HarvardKey – Login"
8022:Annu. Rev. Anthropol
8018:Mufwene, Salikoko S.
7875:. pp. 279–289.
7728:on 22 September 2015
7569:10.4102/lit.v32i2.15
7043:Français fondamental
6254:"On aime le chien."
6183:il/elle aurait aimé
6029:ils/elles aimassent
5170:(you said), or even
4620:l'accent circonflexe
4306:that denote only 36
4116:and adding a silent
4100:and adding a silent
3748:Voiced stops (i.e.,
2449:DeLisle, Mississippi
2009:and cantons such as
1880:public school system
1828:Treaty of Versailles
1487:Vulgar Latin in Gaul
1418:in the world, fifth
1246:Indo-European family
1013:Phonological history
43:specify the language
41:This article should
16714:Languages of Rwanda
16689:Languages of Monaco
16634:Languages of Guinea
16579:Languages of Canada
16539:Languages of France
16399:States with limited
15314:Galician–Portuguese
14340:Central Marchigiano
13579:Bourbonnais Creoles
13270:Pennsylvania German
12716:Languages of Canada
12324:Lorraine Franconian
12226:Languages of France
11848:Automotive industry
11632:2021 labor protests
11389:Peace of Westphalia
11257:History of Normandy
11252:History of Brittany
10993:Online dictionaries
10963:Français interactif
10898:The Story of French
10502:. 5 February 2016.
10415:13 May 2012 at the
10305:Reading and Writing
10163:10.1093/icon/mow023
10085:"France-Diplomatie"
10019:. 17 October 2019.
9907:on 18 February 2020
9748:. Servat.unibe.ch.
9585:. 18 October 2021.
9450:on 12 February 2020
8916:. 21 January 2014.
8625:on 23 November 2006
8619:Languefrancaise.net
8469:The Story of French
8460:Nadeau, Jean-Benoit
8255:. pp. 603–620.
7751:European Commission
7486:. 6 November 2014.
7397:www12.statcan.gc.ca
7366:The Washington Post
7128:Varieties of French
6282:object–subject–verb
6278:verb–object–subject
6269:subject–verb–object
6224:Marc drove the car.
6112:
6058:
5983:nous eussions aimé
5913:
5884:il/elle avait aimé
5875:ils/elles aimeront
5760:ils/elles aimèrent
5754:ils/elles ont aimé
5748:ils/elles aimaient
5632:
5469:(participe passé).
5344:grammatical genders
4953:Le Blanc de Nicolaÿ
4933:to French clerks),
4786:The combination of
4743:The combination of
4069:, for example, the
3590:
3417:
3127:
3076:linguistic prestige
2882:Jersey Legal French
2833:Newfoundland French
2788:Varieties of French
2431:(formerly known as
2345:Newfoundland French
1814:replaced by English
1788:in 1536, while the
1688:Vie de Saint Alexis
1674:Oaths of Strasbourg
1018:Oaths of Strasbourg
16704:Languages of Niger
16639:Languages of Haiti
16624:Languages of Gabon
16554:Languages of Benin
16529:Fusional languages
15728:Catalan Ribagorçan
15575:Pyrenean–Mozarabic
14847:Judaeo-Piedmontese
14757:Bustocco–Legnanese
14552:Northern Calabrian
13390:Official languages
13306:Inuk Sign Language
13265:Newfoundland Irish
13230:Tagalog (Filipino)
13203:Minority languages
13075:Heiltsuk-Oowekyala
12833:Babine-Witsuwitʼen
12723:Official languages
12527:Official languages
12373:Overseas languages
12249:Regional languages
11915:Telecommunications
11617:2015 Paris attacks
11480:Revolution of 1848
11308:Visigothic Kingdom
10731:Académie française
10371:10.1093/wsr/wsr003
9697:The Times of India
9583:CIA World Factbook
9514:The New York Times
9424:on 5 February 2016
9392:on 2 February 2009
8232:. 49–50: 814–829.
7798:"Why Learn French"
7093:Language education
7033:Alliance Française
6797:Lexical similarity
6750:Germanic languages
6295:Root languages of
6218:She loves the dog.
6152:nous aurions aimé
6110:
6056:
6012:vous eussiez aimé
5911:
5878:il/elle aura aimé
5630:
5582:is used while the
5463:present participle
5449:(subjonctif), the
5380:les professeur(e)s
5243:are inflected for
4427:(pronounced first
4258:French orthography
4237:appearing in "ç".
4183:l'homme qui l'a vu
4175:l'homme qui l'a vu
4171:l'homme qu'il a vu
4029:, for example the
3773:The palatal nasal
3759:) are unaspirated.
3588:
3415:
3125:
3123:
2936:
2924:West Indian French
2838:New England French
2744:sub-Saharan Africa
2696:
2624:
2480:French West Indies
2409:New England French
2373:
2203:Sub-Saharan Africa
2153:
2109:
2068:
1953:
1849:Académie française
1839:Cardinal Richelieu
1558:, etc.), animals (
1292:of the post-Roman
762:Académie Française
181:Total: 310 million
154:Francophone Africa
16739:Languages of Togo
16669:Languages of Mali
16649:Languages of Laos
16589:Languages of Chad
16511:
16510:
16505:
16504:
16073:
16072:
16049:extinct languages
15971:
15970:
15648:
15647:
15607:Navarro-Aragonese
15492:Peruvian Ribereño
15417:Judaeo-Portuguese
15332:Galician–Asturian
15235:
15234:
15226:Old Gallo-Romance
15180:Wisconsin Walloon
14597:
14596:
14570:Dalmatian Romance
14178:Romance languages
14144:
14143:
14121:extinct languages
14077:Francoprovencalic
14072:
14071:
14055:Wisconsin Walloon
13482:
13481:
13464:Swiss-German Sign
13342:
13341:
13260:Doukhobor Russian
13157:
13156:
12682:
12681:
12479:
12478:
12233:Official language
12185:
12184:
12147:
12146:
11938:
11937:
11825:
11824:
11817:Political parties
11753:Foreign relations
11718:
11717:
11647:
11646:
11430:French Revolution
11384:Thirty Years' War
11365:Absolute monarchy
11330:Kingdom of France
11226:Foreign relations
11206:Political history
11066:"French, Numbers"
11000:French Dictionary
10924:978-3-11-034670-1
10889:978-1-59017-375-6
10835:978-2-09-882654-0
10737:on 1 January 2015
10673:978-0-521-09838-0
10597:978-0-397-00400-3
10588:Story of Language
9482:978-0-89925-356-5
9254:France-Diplomatie
8886:. 28 April 2014.
8845:978-2-87747-881-6
8758:978-0-19-979669-4
8658:978-2-85910-426-9
8557:978-0-203-41796-6
8479:978-1-4299-3240-0
8388:Folia Linguistica
8360:on 13 August 2021
8282:978-0-8196-0191-9
7947:978-0-415-08071-2
7920:978-2-7298-6470-5
7890:978-0-511-48297-7
7779:on 6 January 2016
7430:(26th ed., 2023)
7399:. 2 August 2017.
7369:. 18 April 2022.
7343:(27th ed., 2024)
7213:Equatorial Guinea
6994:Article 1 of the
6978:Article 1 of the
6752:, 481 from other
6738:Micro-Robert Plus
6190:
6189:
6177:il/elle aimerait
6169:vous auriez aimé
6097:
6096:
6045:
6044:
6038:il/elle eût aimé
6032:il/elle ait aimé
6023:ils/elles aiment
5928:Plus-que-parfait
5897:
5896:
5890:il/elle eut aimé
5829:nous avions aimé
5823:nous aurons aimé
5777:Plus-que-parfait
5742:ils/elles aiment
5520:past imperfective
5445:(indicatif), the
5308:Latin declensions
5257:personal pronouns
5251:, for number and
4958:The diaeresis on
4431:before the final
4096:Doubling a final
3727:Meridional French
3675:
3674:
3671:
3670:
3584:
3583:
3404:
3403:
3118:
3009:Médecins du Monde
2969:Council of Europe
2919:Vietnamese French
2865:Meridional French
2716:Wallis and Futuna
2693:Wallis and Futuna
2502:Other territories
2375:According to the
2371:are not included.
2197:African languages
2053:El Pas de la Casa
1858:French government
1823:Los Angeles Times
1794:Kingdom of France
1717:Mediterranean Sea
1706:William of Orange
1693:Chanson de Roland
1631:Frankish language
1566:, etc.), nature (
1463:History of French
1317:official language
1290:Frankish language
1197:
1196:
947:
946:
929:rendering support
925:phonetic symbols.
757:Regulated by
747:Council of Europe
676:
610:Wallis and Futuna
591:
566:
554:
537:
437:Equatorial Guinea
289:Old Gallo-Romance
103:
102:
83:may also be used.
16781:
16437:Dependencies and
16373:Northern Ireland
16114:Sovereign states
16100:
16093:
16086:
16077:
16076:
15594:Judaeo-Aragonese
15583:Andalusi Romance
15436:Amazonic Spanish
15273:Western Asturian
15256:
15255:
15195:Franco-Provençal
14866:
14865:
14762:Comasco–Lecchese
14620:Emilian–Romagnol
14608:
14607:
14408:Regional Italian
14398:Italo-Australian
14325:
14324:
14247:Megleno-Romanian
14171:
14164:
14157:
14148:
14147:
14090:Franco-Provençal
14086:/Faetar-Cigliàje
13975:Louisiana French
13970:Louisiana Creole
13783:Saint-Barthélemy
13551:Antillean Creole
13547:
13546:
13509:
13502:
13495:
13486:
13485:
13381:
13380:
13369:
13362:
13355:
13346:
13345:
13255:Hutterite German
12748:
12747:
12709:
12702:
12695:
12686:
12685:
12518:
12517:
12506:
12499:
12492:
12483:
12482:
12309:Franco-Provençal
12291:Northern Catalan
12276:Souletin dialect
12261:Alsatian dialect
12256:Alemannic German
12224:
12223:
12212:
12205:
12198:
12189:
12188:
11949:
11948:
11865:Economic history
11836:
11835:
11729:
11728:
11658:
11657:
11536:
11515:
11414:Seven Years' War
11379:Wars of Religion
11375:
11360:House of Bourbon
11355:Early modern era
11335:Fundamental laws
11211:Military history
11186:
11185:
11163:
11156:
11149:
11140:
11139:
11127:
11126:
11101:
11089:
11087:
11085:
11076:. Archived from
10981:Lingopolo French
10946:
10893:
10881:
10863:
10854:
10852:
10850:
10845:on 12 April 2015
10844:
10838:. Archived from
10827:
10807:
10806:
10804:
10802:
10783:
10777:
10776:
10774:
10772:
10753:
10747:
10746:
10744:
10742:
10733:. Archived from
10723:
10717:
10707:
10705:
10703:
10684:
10678:
10677:
10659:
10653:
10648:, éd. Musumeci,
10642:
10633:
10632:
10630:
10628:
10608:
10602:
10601:
10580:
10574:
10573:
10571:
10569:
10549:
10543:
10540:
10531:
10530:
10522:
10516:
10515:
10513:
10511:
10492:
10486:
10474:
10470:
10464:
10452:
10448:
10442:
10430:
10426:
10420:
10408:
10404:
10398:
10397:
10395:
10393:
10387:
10356:
10347:
10341:
10340:
10338:
10336:
10296:
10290:
10289:
10270:
10264:
10263:
10261:
10259:
10239:
10233:
10232:
10230:
10228:
10208:
10202:
10192:
10179:
10178:
10176:
10174:
10142:
10136:
10135:
10133:
10131:
10111:
10105:
10104:
10102:
10100:
10080:
10074:
10067:
10061:
10039:
10033:
10032:
10030:
10028:
10009:
10003:
10002:
10000:
9998:
9978:
9972:
9971:
9969:
9967:
9952:
9946:
9945:
9943:
9941:
9935:
9923:
9917:
9916:
9914:
9912:
9903:. Archived from
9896:
9890:
9889:
9887:
9885:
9879:
9866:
9857:
9856:
9854:
9852:
9843:. Archived from
9836:
9827:
9826:
9824:
9822:
9812:
9804:
9798:
9792:
9786:
9780:
9774:
9768:
9762:
9761:
9759:
9757:
9741:
9735:
9719:
9713:
9712:
9710:
9708:
9689:
9680:
9669:
9663:
9662:
9660:
9658:
9647:www.worldwide.rs
9638:
9632:
9631:
9629:
9627:
9605:
9599:
9598:
9596:
9594:
9575:
9569:
9568:
9566:
9564:
9549:
9543:
9540:
9534:
9533:
9505:
9499:
9498:
9496:
9494:
9466:
9460:
9459:
9457:
9455:
9440:
9434:
9433:
9431:
9429:
9423:
9417:. Archived from
9416:
9408:
9402:
9401:
9399:
9397:
9382:
9376:
9375:
9373:
9371:
9352:
9346:
9340:
9323:
9319:
9313:
9312:
9296:
9292:
9286:
9274:
9270:
9264:
9251:
9245:
9244:
9242:
9240:
9221:
9215:
9214:
9212:
9210:
9191:
9185:
9180:by Katja Ploog,
9167:
9163:
9157:
9156:
9154:
9152:
9147:on 26 April 2012
9146:
9140:. Archived from
9139:
9131:
9125:
9124:
9122:
9120:
9105:
9099:
9098:
9097:
9095:
9075:
9069:
9068:
9066:
9064:
9048:
9039:
9038:
9036:
9034:
9028:
9021:
9008:
9002:
9001:
8999:
8997:
8987:
8975:
8969:
8968:
8966:
8964:
8958:
8951:
8939:
8930:
8929:
8927:
8925:
8906:
8900:
8899:
8897:
8895:
8880:
8874:
8868:
8862:
8861:
8859:
8857:
8829:
8823:
8822:
8820:
8818:
8812:
8797:
8785:
8779:
8778:
8740:
8734:
8733:
8731:
8729:
8710:
8704:
8691:
8685:
8684:
8678:
8669:
8663:
8662:
8644:
8635:
8634:
8632:
8630:
8611:
8605:
8604:
8602:
8600:
8580:
8574:
8573:
8571:
8569:
8541:
8535:
8517:
8511:
8510:
8502:
8496:
8495:
8493:
8491:
8456:
8450:
8447:
8441:
8438:
8432:
8431:
8429:
8427:
8379:
8370:
8369:
8367:
8365:
8356:. Archived from
8346:
8333:
8327:
8318:
8317:
8296:
8294:
8266:
8257:
8256:
8248:
8242:
8241:
8225:
8219:
8218:
8184:
8164:
8158:
8157:
8149:
8143:
8137:
8131:
8130:
8124:
8116:
8108:
8102:
8095:
8087:
8081:
8080:
8072:
8063:
8062:
8044:
8038:
8037:
8014:
8003:
8002:
8000:
7998:
7970:
7964:
7963:
7961:
7959:
7931:
7925:
7924:
7906:
7895:
7894:
7868:
7859:
7858:
7856:
7854:
7839:
7833:
7832:
7830:
7828:
7812:
7806:
7805:
7804:on 19 June 2008.
7800:. Archived from
7794:
7788:
7787:
7786:
7784:
7778:
7759:
7747:
7738:
7737:
7735:
7733:
7724:. Archived from
7718:
7709:
7708:
7698:
7674:
7668:
7667:
7635:
7629:
7628:
7620:
7614:
7613:
7611:
7609:
7600:
7591:
7582:
7581:
7571:
7547:
7541:
7540:
7538:
7529:
7523:
7522:
7506:
7500:
7499:
7497:
7495:
7476:
7470:
7469:
7467:
7465:
7459:
7452:
7444:
7438:
7437:
7436:
7419:
7413:
7412:
7410:
7408:
7389:
7383:
7382:
7380:
7378:
7357:
7351:
7350:
7349:
7332:
7308:
7153:
7147:
7144:
7027:
7022:
7021:
6942:dous vinz et diz
6919:
6907:
6899:
6891:
6883:
6845:
6833:
6825:
6780:, 56 from other
6776:, 89 from other
6758:Celtic languages
6413:
6403:
6393:
6383:
6377:
6367:
6353:
6343:
6333:
6323:
6313:
6303:
6113:
6109:
6059:
6055:
5977:nous ayons aimé
5971:nous aimassions
5914:
5910:
5864:vous eûtes aimé
5858:vous aviez aimé
5852:vous aurez aimé
5835:nous eûmes aimé
5780:Passé antérieur
5774:Futur antérieur
5696:nous avons aimé
5633:
5629:
5626:
5620:
5614:
5612:plus-que-parfait
5608:
5599:
5593:
5591:plus-que-parfait
5587:
5581:
5575:
5565:
5553:
5541:
5538:plus-que-parfait
5529:
5517:
5509:
5497:
5483:
5455:conditional mood
5447:subjunctive mood
5097:
5089:
5069:
4911:
4878:appears include
4866:
4839:
4820:
4799:
4782:
4763:
4653:
4649:
4641:
4610:
4606:
4579:
4575:
4434:
4430:
4418:
4394:
4390:
4358:
4338:Liaison (French)
4279:"finger" (Latin
4059:deux cents euros
3892:
3881:
3877:
3873:
3865:
3861:
3857:
3845:
3811:
3807:
3803:
3799:
3795:
3791:
3776:
3765:
3762:The velar nasal
3758:
3751:
3744:
3740:
3736:
3732:
3724:
3720:
3716:
3712:
3708:
3704:
3700:
3696:
3692:
3688:
3684:
3667:
3649:
3641:
3633:
3619:
3612:
3591:
3587:
3579:
3567:
3553:
3546:
3538:
3532:
3518:
3510:
3502:
3495:
3481:
3472:
3465:
3451:
3444:
3418:
3414:
3411:
3410:
3400:
3393:
3382:
3371:
3364:
3355:
3343:
3336:
3329:
3322:
3313:
3306:
3299:
3292:
3285:
3271:
3262:
3255:
3248:
3239:
3230:
3223:
3216:
3201:
3193:
3186:
3179:
3128:
3124:
3119:
3110:French phonology
2892:Louisiana French
2818:Cambodian French
2737:
2736:
2734:Université Laval
2712:French Polynesia
2685:French Polynesia
2626:A former French
2543:French Indochina
2488:Saint Barthélemy
2445:Mon Louis Island
2405:Louisiana French
2333:Northern Ontario
2271:
2258:
2252:
2245:
2160:
2159:
2149:
2143:
2137:
2131:
2125:
2119:
2102:
2096:
2088:
1852:
1851:
1818:Second World War
1620:
1612:
1540:
1510:Gaulish language
1469:Romance language
1346:
1278:Celtic languages
1242:Romance language
1239:
1238:
1237:
1231:
1226:
1224:langue française
1220:
1219:
1218:
1212:
1210:[fʁɑ̃sɛ]
1207:
1189:
1182:
1175:
956:
949:
948:
912:
906:
900:
895:
886:
872:
856:
849:
840:
834:
827:
821:
813:
804:
803:
795:
780:
674:
595:Saint Barthélemy
585:
560:
548:
541:French Polynesia
531:
355:(français signé)
346:
321:
191:
129:
127:[fʁɑ̃sɛ]
117:
105:
104:
98:
95:
89:
74:
68:
64:
58:
54:
48:
36:
35:
28:
16789:
16788:
16784:
16783:
16782:
16780:
16779:
16778:
16524:French language
16514:
16513:
16512:
16507:
16506:
16501:
16480:
16438:
16432:
16418:Northern Cyprus
16400:
16394:
16288:North Macedonia
16109:
16104:
16074:
16069:
16036:
16020:
15998:Pannonian Latin
15984:African Romance
15967:
15920:
15851:
15844:
15782:Judeo-Provençal
15655:
15644:
15621:
15570:
15480:Chilean Chilote
15422:
15308:
15249:
15245:
15242:
15231:
15219:Moselle Romance
15186:
15035:Missouri French
14996:Franco-Ontarian
14871:
14860:
14853:
14593:
14558:
14535:Southern Latian
14438:
14403:Maltese Italian
14335:Central Italian
14319:
14312:
14307:Common Romanian
14223:
14207:Italo-Dalmatian
14185:
14175:
14145:
14140:
14139:
14107:
14068:
13986:Moselle Romance
13946:Karipúna Creole
13873:
13802:
13714:Franco-Ontarian
13616:
13573:
13536:
13531:Canadian French
13519:
13513:
13483:
13478:
13452:
13416:
13385:
13375:
13373:
13343:
13338:
13322:
13284:
13250:Canadian Gaelic
13198:
13153:
13149:Coast Tsimshian
13117:
13089:
13051:
12988:
12940:
12907:
12819:
12739:
12718:
12713:
12683:
12678:
12660:
12642:
12619:
12586:
12548:
12522:
12512:
12510:
12480:
12475:
12465:
12449:
12368:
12244:
12228:
12218:
12216:
12186:
12181:
12180:
12161:
12143:
12124:Public holidays
12037:
11996:Life expectancy
11934:
11821:
11714:
11643:
11612:Great Recession
11585:Fourth Republic
11580:1900 to present
11568:
11485:Second Republic
11449:
11418:
11341:
11294:
11261:
11240:
11175:
11167:
11132:
11112:
11099:
11096:
11083:
11081:
11080:on 2 March 2017
11060:
11048:
11035:
11030:
11025:
11022:fr:Dictionnaire
10995:
10959:
10944:
10937:
10932:
10890:
10870:
10868:Further reading
10848:
10846:
10842:
10836:
10825:
10816:
10811:
10810:
10800:
10798:
10785:
10784:
10780:
10770:
10768:
10755:
10754:
10750:
10740:
10738:
10725:
10724:
10720:
10701:
10699:
10686:
10685:
10681:
10674:
10660:
10656:
10643:
10636:
10626:
10624:
10609:
10605:
10598:
10581:
10577:
10567:
10565:
10550:
10546:
10541:
10534:
10523:
10519:
10509:
10507:
10494:
10493:
10489:
10483:Wayback Machine
10472:
10471:
10467:
10461:Wayback Machine
10450:
10449:
10445:
10439:Wayback Machine
10428:
10427:
10423:
10417:Wayback Machine
10406:
10405:
10401:
10391:
10389:
10385:
10354:
10348:
10344:
10334:
10332:
10297:
10293:
10271:
10267:
10257:
10255:
10240:
10236:
10226:
10224:
10209:
10205:
10193:
10182:
10172:
10170:
10143:
10139:
10129:
10127:
10112:
10108:
10098:
10096:
10081:
10077:
10068:
10064:
10060:, December 2016
10054:Wayback Machine
10040:
10036:
10026:
10024:
10011:
10010:
10006:
9996:
9994:
9979:
9975:
9965:
9963:
9954:
9953:
9949:
9939:
9937:
9933:
9925:
9924:
9920:
9910:
9908:
9897:
9893:
9883:
9881:
9877:
9867:
9860:
9850:
9848:
9847:on 7 April 2019
9837:
9830:
9820:
9818:
9810:
9806:
9805:
9801:
9793:
9789:
9781:
9777:
9769:
9765:
9755:
9753:
9742:
9738:
9729:Wayback Machine
9720:
9716:
9706:
9704:
9691:
9690:
9683:
9670:
9666:
9656:
9654:
9639:
9635:
9625:
9623:
9606:
9602:
9592:
9590:
9577:
9576:
9572:
9562:
9560:
9551:
9550:
9546:
9541:
9537:
9516:. p. A17.
9506:
9502:
9492:
9490:
9483:
9467:
9463:
9453:
9451:
9442:
9441:
9437:
9427:
9425:
9421:
9414:
9410:
9409:
9405:
9395:
9393:
9384:
9383:
9379:
9369:
9367:
9354:
9353:
9349:
9332:Wayback Machine
9321:
9320:
9316:
9305:Wayback Machine
9294:
9293:
9289:
9283:Wayback Machine
9272:
9271:
9267:
9261:Wayback Machine
9252:
9248:
9238:
9236:
9223:
9222:
9218:
9208:
9206:
9193:
9192:
9188:
9178:Wayback Machine
9165:
9164:
9160:
9150:
9148:
9144:
9137:
9133:
9132:
9128:
9118:
9116:
9107:
9106:
9102:
9093:
9091:
9076:
9072:
9062:
9060:
9049:
9042:
9032:
9030:
9026:
9019:
9009:
9005:
8995:
8993:
8985:
8976:
8972:
8962:
8960:
8956:
8949:
8940:
8933:
8923:
8921:
8908:
8907:
8903:
8893:
8891:
8882:
8881:
8877:
8869:
8865:
8855:
8853:
8846:
8830:
8826:
8816:
8814:
8813:on 13 June 2007
8810:
8802:: Article from
8795:
8786:
8782:
8759:
8741:
8737:
8727:
8725:
8712:
8711:
8707:
8701:Wayback Machine
8692:
8688:
8676:
8670:
8666:
8659:
8645:
8638:
8628:
8626:
8613:
8612:
8608:
8598:
8596:
8581:
8577:
8567:
8565:
8558:
8542:
8538:
8528:Wayback Machine
8518:
8514:
8503:
8499:
8489:
8487:
8480:
8457:
8453:
8448:
8444:
8439:
8435:
8425:
8423:
8380:
8373:
8363:
8361:
8348:
8347:
8336:
8328:
8321:
8292:
8290:
8283:
8267:
8260:
8249:
8245:
8226:
8222:
8182:10.1.1.134.9933
8165:
8161:
8150:
8146:
8138:
8134:
8118:
8117:
8109:
8105:
8088:
8084:
8073:
8066:
8059:
8045:
8041:
8015:
8006:
7996:
7994:
7987:
7971:
7967:
7957:
7955:
7948:
7932:
7928:
7921:
7907:
7898:
7891:
7869:
7862:
7852:
7850:
7841:
7840:
7836:
7826:
7824:
7813:
7809:
7796:
7795:
7791:
7782:
7780:
7776:
7757:
7748:
7741:
7731:
7729:
7720:
7719:
7712:
7675:
7671:
7636:
7632:
7621:
7617:
7607:
7605:
7598:
7592:
7585:
7548:
7544:
7536:
7530:
7526:
7507:
7503:
7493:
7491:
7478:
7477:
7473:
7463:
7461:
7457:
7450:
7446:
7445:
7441:
7431:
7420:
7416:
7406:
7404:
7391:
7390:
7386:
7376:
7374:
7359:
7358:
7354:
7344:
7333:
7322:
7317:
7312:
7311:
7298:
7292:
7282:
7276:
7154:
7150:
7145:
7141:
7136:
7025:Language portal
7023:
7016:
7013:
6976:
6913:similarly uses
6843:soixante-quinze
6805:
6778:Asian languages
6434:Classical Latin
6418:
6417:
6416:
6415:
6411:
6409:
6401:
6399:
6391:
6389:
6381:
6379:
6375:
6373:
6370:Native American
6365:
6363:
6351:
6349:
6341:
6339:
6331:
6329:
6321:
6319:
6311:
6309:
6301:
6290:
6250:"one" is used:
6195:
6166:tu aurais aimé
6146:nous aimerions
6102:
6050:
6009:tu eusses aimé
6006:vous ayez aimé
6000:vous aimassiez
5902:
5872:il/elle aimera
5751:il/elle a aimé
5745:il/elle aimait
5725:vous avez aimé
5624:passé antérieur
5618:futur antérieur
5597:passé antérieur
5573:passé antérieur
5562:futur antérieur
5486:
5475:
5467:past participle
5451:imperative mood
5443:indicative mood
5439:
5434:
5428:
5336:
5297:auxiliary verbs
5229:
5223:
4936:L'Haÿ-les-Roses
4905:
4870:A diaeresis on
4848:is followed by
4654:for the letter
4264:
4256:Main articles:
4254:
4211:
4205:French alphabet
4203:Main articles:
4201:
4196:
4065:; and some are
4063:euros irlandais
4045:, depending on
3839:, "to believe".
3615:
3608:
3447:
3440:
3378:
3353:
3318:
3281:
3244:
3212:
3162:
3152:
3142:
3114:
3112:
3106:
2941:
2928:
2904:Missouri French
2860:Guianese French
2823:Canadian French
2790:
2784:
2728:
2673:
2645:Lebanese people
2616:Standard Arabic
2608:
2602:
2582:
2576:
2539:
2525:
2520:
2504:
2473:Lesser Antilles
2457:
2441:Lower Louisiana
2433:Upper Louisiana
2421:Missouri French
2413:Canadian French
2361:
2329:Eastern Ontario
2287:
2286:
2285:
2284:
2283:
2272:
2263:
2262:
2261:
2260:
2256:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2235:
2230:
2212:
2167:second language
2151:
2147:
2145:
2141:
2139:
2135:
2133:
2129:
2127:
2123:
2121:
2117:
2107:
2100:
2098:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2086:
2079:
2073:
2041:Channel Islands
1980:German-speaking
1941:
1939:European French
1935:
1930:
1922:Main articles:
1920:
1908:Basque language
1900:Basses-Pyrénées
1802:
1782:Robert Estienne
1773:
1767:
1702:a cycle focused
1602:
1596:
1495:
1489:
1465:
1459:
1304:, most notably
1233:
1232:
1214:
1213:
1193:
1161:Help:IPA/French
1096:
1095:
1083:
971:French language
927:Without proper
915:
914:
910:
908:
904:
902:
898:
882:
868:
852:
845:
830:
829:
828:
817:
816:
809:
799:
798:
791:
774:
770:
765:
751:
698:
697:
690:
689:
675:(United States)
623:
622:
615:
614:
525:
524:
517:
516:
378:
377:
368:
361:Official status
353:
347:
342:
333:
330:French alphabet
322:
317:
311:
269:
262:
227:Western Romance
207:Latino-Faliscan
192:
189:Language family
187:
180:
175:
99:
93:
90:
84:
72:
66:
62:
60:transliteration
56:
52:
46:
37:
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
16787:
16777:
16776:
16771:
16769:Lingua francas
16766:
16761:
16756:
16751:
16746:
16741:
16736:
16731:
16726:
16721:
16716:
16711:
16706:
16701:
16696:
16691:
16686:
16681:
16676:
16671:
16666:
16661:
16656:
16651:
16646:
16641:
16636:
16631:
16626:
16621:
16616:
16611:
16606:
16601:
16596:
16591:
16586:
16581:
16576:
16571:
16566:
16561:
16556:
16551:
16546:
16541:
16536:
16531:
16526:
16509:
16508:
16503:
16502:
16500:
16499:
16494:
16492:European Union
16488:
16486:
16485:Other entities
16482:
16481:
16479:
16478:
16473:
16468:
16463:
16458:
16453:
16448:
16442:
16440:
16439:other entities
16434:
16433:
16431:
16430:
16425:
16420:
16415:
16410:
16404:
16402:
16396:
16395:
16393:
16392:
16387:
16386:
16385:
16380:
16375:
16370:
16363:United Kingdom
16360:
16355:
16350:
16345:
16340:
16335:
16330:
16325:
16320:
16315:
16310:
16305:
16300:
16295:
16290:
16285:
16280:
16275:
16270:
16265:
16260:
16255:
16250:
16245:
16240:
16235:
16230:
16228:
16223:
16218:
16213:
16208:
16203:
16198:
16193:
16188:
16183:
16178:
16176:Czech Republic
16173:
16168:
16163:
16158:
16153:
16148:
16143:
16138:
16133:
16128:
16123:
16117:
16115:
16111:
16110:
16103:
16102:
16095:
16088:
16080:
16071:
16070:
16068:
16067:
16060:
16051:
16041:
16038:
16037:
16035:
16034:
16028:
16026:
16022:
16021:
16019:
16018:
16017:
16016:
16011:
16001:
15994:
15987:
15979:
15977:
15973:
15972:
15969:
15968:
15966:
15965:
15964:
15963:
15958:
15953:
15948:
15937:
15928:
15926:
15922:
15921:
15919:
15918:
15917:
15916:
15911:
15906:
15901:
15896:
15886:
15885:
15884:
15879:
15869:
15868:
15867:
15856:
15854:
15846:
15845:
15843:
15842:
15841:
15840:
15839:
15838:
15824:
15823:
15822:
15817:
15807:
15806:
15805:
15795:
15790:
15785:
15778:
15777:
15776:
15769:
15764:
15759:
15749:
15739:
15738:
15737:
15736:
15735:
15730:
15722:
15717:
15714:Judaeo-Catalan
15710:
15709:
15708:
15703:
15698:
15697:
15696:
15691:
15681:
15673:
15660:
15658:
15650:
15649:
15646:
15645:
15643:
15642:
15636:
15629:
15627:
15623:
15622:
15620:
15619:
15618:
15617:
15603:
15598:
15597:
15596:
15586:
15578:
15576:
15572:
15571:
15569:
15568:
15561:
15560:
15559:
15554:
15549:
15544:
15543:
15542:
15537:
15532:
15527:
15522:
15521:
15520:
15503:
15502:
15501:
15496:
15495:
15494:
15484:
15483:
15482:
15469:Latin American
15465:
15460:
15448:
15446:Judaeo-Spanish
15443:
15438:
15432:
15430:
15424:
15423:
15421:
15420:
15413:
15412:
15411:
15406:
15401:
15400:
15399:
15387:
15386:
15385:
15373:
15368:
15361:
15349:
15342:
15337:
15336:
15335:
15324:
15318:
15316:
15310:
15309:
15307:
15306:
15299:
15294:
15293:
15292:
15282:
15277:
15276:
15275:
15264:
15262:
15253:
15237:
15236:
15233:
15232:
15230:
15229:
15222:
15215:
15214:
15213:
15208:
15203:
15191:
15188:
15187:
15185:
15184:
15183:
15182:
15177:
15167:
15166:
15165:
15160:
15150:
15145:
15140:
15135:
15134:
15133:
15128:
15123:
15118:
15117:
15116:
15109:
15108:
15107:
15097:
15092:
15075:
15070:
15069:
15068:
15063:
15058:
15048:
15047:
15046:
15039:
15038:
15037:
15032:
15031:
15030:
15020:
15015:
15014:
15013:
15008:
15003:
14998:
14993:
14992:
14991:
14986:
14976:
14971:
14966:
14965:
14964:
14959:
14941:
14936:
14924:
14919:
14914:
14913:
14912:
14907:
14897:
14892:
14887:
14882:
14876:
14874:
14863:
14855:
14854:
14852:
14851:
14850:
14849:
14839:
14832:
14831:
14830:
14829:
14828:
14823:
14818:
14817:
14816:
14811:
14806:
14796:
14791:
14786:
14785:
14784:
14779:
14774:
14769:
14759:
14754:
14753:
14752:
14737:
14736:
14735:
14730:
14715:
14710:
14709:
14708:
14703:
14698:
14693:
14688:
14683:
14673:
14668:
14663:
14658:
14657:
14656:
14655:
14654:
14649:
14639:
14638:
14637:
14632:
14616:
14614:
14605:
14599:
14598:
14595:
14594:
14592:
14591:
14589:Judaeo-Italian
14586:
14585:
14584:
14579:
14566:
14564:
14560:
14559:
14557:
14556:
14555:
14554:
14549:
14548:
14547:
14542:
14537:
14532:
14527:
14526:
14525:
14515:
14510:
14505:
14500:
14483:
14482:
14481:
14480:
14479:
14469:
14468:
14467:
14457:
14446:
14444:
14440:
14439:
14437:
14436:
14435:
14434:
14422:
14417:
14416:
14415:
14410:
14405:
14400:
14388:
14387:
14386:
14376:
14375:
14374:
14369:
14364:
14359:
14358:
14357:
14352:
14347:
14331:
14329:
14322:
14314:
14313:
14311:
14310:
14303:
14302:
14301:
14296:
14291:
14286:
14281:
14276:
14271:
14266:
14261:
14249:
14244:
14242:Istro-Romanian
14239:
14233:
14231:
14225:
14224:
14222:
14221:
14216:
14215:
14214:
14209:
14199:
14193:
14191:
14190:Major branches
14187:
14186:
14182:classification
14174:
14173:
14166:
14159:
14151:
14142:
14141:
14138:
14137:
14130:
14124:
14113:
14112:
14109:
14108:
14106:
14105:
14104:
14103:
14098:
14087:
14080:
14078:
14074:
14073:
14070:
14069:
14067:
14066:
14059:
14058:
14057:
14047:
14040:
14035:
14034:
14033:
14028:
14018:
14013:
14006:
14001:
13994:
13989:
13982:
13977:
13972:
13967:
13966:
13965:
13955:
13948:
13943:
13940:Haitian Creole
13937:
13932:
13927:
13922:
13917:
13912:
13910:Burundi Pidgin
13907:
13902:
13897:
13892:
13887:
13881:
13879:
13875:
13874:
13872:
13871:
13866:
13859:
13852:
13847:
13842:
13837:
13832:
13825:
13820:
13812:
13810:
13804:
13803:
13801:
13800:
13795:
13790:
13785:
13780:
13775:
13770:
13765:
13760:
13755:
13748:
13743:
13736:
13731:
13726:
13721:
13716:
13711:
13706:
13701:
13700:
13699:
13694:
13683:
13678:
13673:
13668:
13663:
13662:
13661:
13656:
13645:
13644:
13643:
13638:
13627:
13625:
13618:
13617:
13615:
13614:
13609:
13604:
13599:
13594:
13589:
13583:
13581:
13575:
13574:
13572:
13571:
13566:
13561:
13555:
13553:
13544:
13538:
13537:
13535:
13534:
13527:
13525:
13521:
13520:
13512:
13511:
13504:
13497:
13489:
13480:
13479:
13477:
13476:
13471:
13466:
13460:
13458:
13457:Sign languages
13454:
13453:
13451:
13450:
13445:
13440:
13435:
13424:
13422:
13418:
13417:
13415:
13414:
13409:
13404:
13399:
13393:
13391:
13387:
13386:
13372:
13371:
13364:
13357:
13349:
13340:
13339:
13327:
13324:
13323:
13321:
13320:
13313:
13308:
13303:
13298:
13292:
13290:
13289:Sign languages
13286:
13285:
13283:
13282:
13277:
13272:
13267:
13262:
13257:
13252:
13247:
13242:
13237:
13232:
13227:
13222:
13217:
13212:
13206:
13204:
13200:
13199:
13197:
13196:
13191:
13186:
13184:Chinook Jargon
13181:
13176:
13171:
13165:
13163:
13159:
13158:
13155:
13154:
13152:
13151:
13146:
13141:
13136:
13131:
13125:
13123:
13119:
13118:
13116:
13115:
13110:
13105:
13099:
13097:
13091:
13090:
13088:
13087:
13085:Nuu-chah-nulth
13082:
13077:
13072:
13067:
13061:
13059:
13053:
13052:
13050:
13049:
13044:
13039:
13034:
13029:
13024:
13019:
13014:
13009:
13004:
12998:
12996:
12990:
12989:
12987:
12986:
12981:
12976:
12971:
12966:
12961:
12956:
12950:
12948:
12942:
12941:
12939:
12938:
12933:
12928:
12923:
12917:
12915:
12909:
12908:
12906:
12905:
12900:
12895:
12890:
12885:
12880:
12875:
12870:
12865:
12860:
12855:
12850:
12845:
12840:
12835:
12829:
12827:
12821:
12820:
12818:
12817:
12812:
12807:
12802:
12797:
12792:
12787:
12782:
12777:
12772:
12767:
12762:
12756:
12754:
12745:
12741:
12740:
12738:
12737:
12732:
12726:
12724:
12720:
12719:
12712:
12711:
12704:
12697:
12689:
12680:
12679:
12677:
12676:
12670:
12668:
12662:
12661:
12659:
12658:
12652:
12650:
12644:
12643:
12641:
12640:
12635:
12629:
12627:
12621:
12620:
12618:
12617:
12612:
12607:
12602:
12596:
12594:
12588:
12587:
12585:
12584:
12579:
12574:
12569:
12564:
12558:
12556:
12550:
12549:
12547:
12546:
12541:
12536:
12530:
12528:
12524:
12523:
12509:
12508:
12501:
12494:
12486:
12477:
12476:
12470:
12467:
12466:
12464:
12463:
12457:
12455:
12451:
12450:
12448:
12447:
12442:
12437:
12432:
12427:
12422:
12417:
12412:
12407:
12402:
12397:
12392:
12387:
12382:
12376:
12374:
12370:
12369:
12367:
12366:
12361:
12331:
12326:
12321:
12316:
12311:
12306:
12303:French Flemish
12299:
12294:
12284:
12279:
12265:
12264:
12263:
12252:
12250:
12246:
12245:
12243:
12242:
12236:
12234:
12230:
12229:
12215:
12214:
12207:
12200:
12192:
12183:
12182:
12179:
12178:
12173:
12168:
12162:
12160:
12159:
12153:
12152:
12149:
12148:
12145:
12144:
12142:
12141:
12136:
12131:
12126:
12121:
12116:
12111:
12106:
12101:
12096:
12091:
12086:
12081:
12080:Cultural icons
12078:
12073:
12068:
12063:
12058:
12053:
12047:
12045:
12039:
12038:
12036:
12035:
12030:
12025:
12020:
12019:
12018:
12008:
12003:
11998:
11993:
11988:
11983:
11978:
11973:
11968:
11963:
11958:
11952:
11946:
11940:
11939:
11936:
11935:
11933:
11932:
11927:
11922:
11917:
11912:
11907:
11902:
11900:Stock exchange
11897:
11892:
11887:
11882:
11877:
11872:
11867:
11862:
11861:
11860:
11850:
11845:
11839:
11833:
11827:
11826:
11823:
11822:
11820:
11819:
11814:
11809:
11804:
11803:
11802:
11797:
11792:
11782:
11777:
11776:
11775:
11770:
11760:
11755:
11750:
11749:
11748:
11738:
11732:
11726:
11720:
11719:
11716:
11715:
11713:
11712:
11707:
11702:
11700:National parks
11697:
11692:
11687:
11682:
11677:
11675:Climate change
11672:
11667:
11661:
11655:
11649:
11648:
11645:
11644:
11642:
11641:
11640:
11639:
11634:
11629:
11624:
11619:
11614:
11609:
11604:
11597:Fifth Republic
11594:
11593:
11592:
11582:
11576:
11574:
11570:
11569:
11567:
11566:
11565:
11564:
11559:
11554:
11549:
11539:
11538:
11537:
11523:
11518:
11517:
11516:
11505:Third Republic
11502:
11497:
11492:
11487:
11482:
11476:
11475:
11470:
11465:
11459:
11457:
11451:
11450:
11448:
11447:
11442:
11440:First Republic
11437:
11435:Napoleonic era
11432:
11426:
11424:
11420:
11419:
11417:
11416:
11411:
11406:
11401:
11396:
11391:
11386:
11381:
11376:
11367:
11362:
11357:
11351:
11349:
11343:
11342:
11340:
11339:
11338:
11337:
11327:
11322:
11321:
11320:
11310:
11304:
11302:
11296:
11295:
11293:
11292:
11287:
11282:
11280:Greek colonies
11277:
11271:
11269:
11263:
11262:
11260:
11259:
11254:
11248:
11246:
11242:
11241:
11239:
11238:
11233:
11228:
11223:
11218:
11213:
11208:
11203:
11198:
11192:
11190:
11183:
11177:
11176:
11166:
11165:
11158:
11151:
11143:
11137:
11134:
11133:
11124:
11123:
11111:
11108:
11107:
11106:
11095:
11092:
11091:
11090:
11059:
11056:
11055:
11054:
11047:
11044:
11043:
11042:
11034:
11031:
11029:
11026:
11018:
11017:
11007:
11002:
10994:
10991:
10990:
10989:
10983:
10978:
10969:
10958:
10955:
10954:
10953:
10947:
10936:
10933:
10931:
10930:External links
10928:
10927:
10926:
10912:Ursula Reutner
10909:
10894:
10888:
10869:
10866:
10865:
10864:
10855:
10834:
10815:
10812:
10809:
10808:
10778:
10748:
10718:
10710:Welsh language
10679:
10672:
10654:
10634:
10603:
10596:
10590:. Lippincott.
10575:
10544:
10532:
10517:
10487:
10465:
10443:
10421:
10399:
10342:
10311:(2): 207–228.
10291:
10265:
10234:
10203:
10199:Language Today
10180:
10157:(2): 498–517.
10137:
10106:
10075:
10062:
10034:
10004:
9973:
9947:
9936:on 4 June 2011
9918:
9891:
9880:on 8 June 2019
9858:
9828:
9799:
9797:, p. 358.
9787:
9785:, p. 218.
9775:
9773:, p. 217.
9763:
9736:
9714:
9681:
9679:, 2019, p. 192
9664:
9633:
9600:
9570:
9544:
9535:
9500:
9481:
9461:
9435:
9403:
9377:
9347:
9314:
9287:
9265:
9246:
9216:
9186:
9184:, Paris, 2002.
9158:
9126:
9100:
9070:
9040:
9003:
8979:United Nations
8970:
8931:
8901:
8875:
8863:
8844:
8824:
8780:
8757:
8735:
8705:
8686:
8664:
8657:
8636:
8606:
8575:
8556:
8536:
8512:
8497:
8478:
8451:
8442:
8433:
8371:
8334:
8319:
8281:
8258:
8243:
8220:
8175:(2): 356–390.
8159:
8156:. p. 106.
8144:
8132:
8103:
8082:
8064:
8057:
8039:
8004:
7985:
7965:
7946:
7926:
7919:
7896:
7889:
7860:
7834:
7807:
7789:
7739:
7710:
7669:
7650:(6): 822–836.
7630:
7615:
7583:
7562:(2): 135–150.
7542:
7524:
7501:
7471:
7439:
7414:
7384:
7352:
7319:
7318:
7316:
7313:
7310:
7309:
7148:
7138:
7137:
7135:
7132:
7131:
7130:
7125:
7120:
7115:
7110:
7105:
7100:
7095:
7090:
7085:
7080:
7075:
7070:
7065:
7060:
7055:
7050:
7045:
7040:
7035:
7029:
7028:
7012:
7009:
7008:
7007:
6992:
6991:
6975:
6972:
6804:
6801:
6733:Petit Larousse
6724:
6723:
6714:
6705:
6696:
6681:
6657:
6656:
6636:
6612:
6611:
6598:ensoleillement
6594:
6577:
6560:
6535:
6534:
6510:
6486:
6462:
6410:
6400:
6390:
6380:
6374:
6364:
6350:
6340:
6330:
6320:
6310:
6300:
6293:
6292:
6291:
6289:
6286:
6267:Word order is
6265:
6264:
6258:
6244:
6243:
6237:
6227:
6226:
6220:
6194:
6191:
6188:
6187:
6184:
6181:
6178:
6175:
6171:
6170:
6167:
6164:
6163:vous aimeriez
6161:
6158:
6154:
6153:
6150:
6149:j'aurais aimé
6147:
6144:
6141:
6137:
6136:
6133:
6130:
6127:
6123:
6122:
6119:
6116:
6101:
6098:
6095:
6094:
6091:
6088:
6084:
6083:
6080:
6078:
6074:
6073:
6070:
6066:
6065:
6062:
6049:
6046:
6043:
6042:
6039:
6036:
6033:
6030:
6027:
6026:il/elle aimât
6024:
6021:
6018:
6014:
6013:
6010:
6007:
6004:
6001:
5998:
5995:
5992:
5989:
5985:
5984:
5981:
5978:
5975:
5972:
5969:
5966:
5963:
5960:
5956:
5955:
5952:
5949:
5946:
5943:
5940:
5937:
5934:
5930:
5929:
5926:
5925:Passé composé
5923:
5920:
5917:
5901:
5898:
5895:
5894:
5891:
5888:
5885:
5882:
5879:
5876:
5873:
5870:
5866:
5865:
5862:
5859:
5856:
5855:tu avais aimé
5853:
5850:
5849:tu auras aimé
5847:
5844:
5841:
5837:
5836:
5833:
5830:
5827:
5824:
5821:
5818:
5817:nous aimerons
5815:
5812:
5808:
5807:
5804:
5801:
5798:
5795:
5792:
5789:
5786:
5782:
5781:
5778:
5775:
5772:
5769:
5766:
5765:
5762:
5761:
5758:
5755:
5752:
5749:
5746:
5743:
5740:
5737:
5733:
5732:
5729:
5726:
5723:
5720:
5717:
5714:
5711:
5708:
5704:
5703:
5700:
5697:
5694:
5691:
5688:
5685:
5682:
5679:
5675:
5674:
5671:
5668:
5665:
5662:
5659:
5656:
5653:
5649:
5648:
5645:
5644:Passé composé
5642:
5639:
5636:
5556:future perfect
5485:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5438:
5435:
5430:Main article:
5427:
5424:
5376:la professeure
5335:
5332:
5331:
5330:
5323:
5321:demonstratives
5313:
5310:
5227:French grammar
5225:Main article:
5222:
5219:
5207:
5206:
5205:
5204:
5203:
5202:
5183:
5133:
5132:
5131:
5066:is pronounced
5040:
5039:
5038:
5015:
4956:
4945:Moÿ-de-l'Aisne
4903:Château du Faÿ
4884:(a commune in
4868:
4784:
4691:
4646:is pronounced
4638:is pronounced
4612:
4589:l'accent grave
4581:
4542:
4524:
4510:
4439:pluralized as
4300:morphophonemic
4296:
4295:
4284:
4253:
4250:
4240:There are two
4209:French braille
4200:
4197:
4195:
4194:Writing system
4192:
4191:
4190:
4139:
4138:
4137:
4094:
3913:
3912:
3901:
3840:
3835:, "king", or
3813:
3808:and the nasal
3786:
3771:
3760:
3753:
3746:
3725:is present in
3687:/ɑ̃/,/ɛ̃/,/ɔ̃/
3673:
3672:
3669:
3668:
3661:
3659:
3657:
3651:
3650:
3643:
3634:
3627:
3621:
3620:
3613:
3605:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3585:
3582:
3581:
3572:
3570:
3568:
3561:
3555:
3554:
3547:
3540:
3526:
3520:
3519:
3512:
3503:
3496:
3489:
3483:
3482:
3475:
3473:
3466:
3459:
3453:
3452:
3445:
3437:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3402:
3401:
3394:
3387:
3385:
3383:
3375:
3374:
3372:
3365:
3358:
3356:
3351:
3345:
3344:
3337:
3330:
3323:
3315:
3314:
3307:
3300:
3293:
3286:
3279:
3273:
3272:
3265:
3263:
3256:
3249:
3241:
3240:
3233:
3231:
3224:
3217:
3210:
3204:
3203:
3194:
3187:
3180:
3173:
3167:
3166:
3156:
3146:
3136:
3131:
3108:Main article:
3105:
3102:
3067:Language Today
2957:European Union
2953:UN Secretariat
2945:world language
2940:
2937:
2927:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2900:
2899:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2872:Haitian French
2869:
2868:
2867:
2862:
2852:
2851:
2850:
2845:
2843:Ontario French
2840:
2835:
2830:
2828:Acadian French
2820:
2815:
2813:Belgian French
2810:
2805:
2804:
2803:
2800:Maghreb French
2795:African French
2791:
2786:Main article:
2783:
2780:
2774:. Since 2016,
2764:European Union
2727:
2724:
2700:Pacific Island
2672:
2669:
2653:license plates
2649:Lebanese pound
2601:
2598:
2575:
2572:
2567:Fall of Saigon
2524:
2523:Southeast Asia
2521:
2519:
2516:
2503:
2500:
2465:Haitian Creole
2456:
2453:
2447:, Alabama and
2360:
2357:
2273:
2266:
2265:
2264:
2255:
2249:
2247:
2240:
2239:
2238:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2211:
2208:
2193:African French
2146:
2140:
2134:
2128:
2122:
2116:
2099:
2093:
2085:
2077:African French
2075:Main article:
2072:
2069:
1949:European Union
1937:Main article:
1934:
1931:
1919:
1916:
1868:Henri Grégoire
1801:
1798:
1769:Main article:
1766:
1763:
1757:(alchemy) and
1719:that became a
1598:Main article:
1595:
1592:
1488:
1485:
1461:Main article:
1458:
1455:
1431:United Nations
1408:European Union
1306:Haitian Creole
1282:Gallia Belgica
1195:
1194:
1192:
1191:
1184:
1177:
1169:
1166:
1165:
1164:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1140:
1139:
1133:
1132:
1131:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1107:
1106:
1100:
1099:
1098:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1087:
1081:
1076:
1069:
1065:
1063:
1053:
1048:
1040:
1039:
1033:
1032:
1031:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1007:
1006:
1000:
999:
998:
997:
992:
987:
982:
974:
973:
967:
966:
958:
957:
945:
944:
931:, you may see
917:
916:
909:
903:
897:
896:
888:
887:
880:
874:
873:
866:
858:
857:
850:
842:
841:
814:
806:
805:
796:
788:
787:
786:Language codes
783:
782:
759:
753:
752:
750:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
727:European Union
724:
719:
714:
709:
707:United Nations
704:
693:
692:
691:
688:
687:
682:
677:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
618:
617:
616:
613:
612:
607:
602:
597:
592:
572:
567:
555:
543:
538:
522:10 subnational
520:
519:
518:
515:
514:
509:
504:
499:
494:
489:
484:
479:
474:
469:
464:
459:
454:
449:
444:
439:
434:
429:
424:
419:
414:
409:
404:
399:
394:
389:
384:
373:
372:
371:
369:
366:
363:
362:
358:
357:
348:
341:
338:
337:
335:French Braille
323:
319:Writing system
316:
313:
312:
310:
309:
308:
307:
306:
305:
304:
303:
302:
301:
272:
270:
267:
264:
263:
261:
260:
259:
258:
257:
256:
255:
254:
253:
252:
251:
250:
249:
248:
247:
246:
245:
244:
195:
193:
186:
183:
182:
169:
165:
164:
135:
134:Native to
131:
130:
123:
119:
118:
110:
109:
101:
100:
94:September 2024
79:. Knowledge's
40:
38:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
16786:
16775:
16772:
16770:
16767:
16765:
16762:
16760:
16757:
16755:
16752:
16750:
16747:
16745:
16742:
16740:
16737:
16735:
16732:
16730:
16727:
16725:
16722:
16720:
16717:
16715:
16712:
16710:
16707:
16705:
16702:
16700:
16697:
16695:
16692:
16690:
16687:
16685:
16682:
16680:
16677:
16675:
16672:
16670:
16667:
16665:
16662:
16660:
16657:
16655:
16652:
16650:
16647:
16645:
16642:
16640:
16637:
16635:
16632:
16630:
16627:
16625:
16622:
16620:
16617:
16615:
16612:
16610:
16607:
16605:
16602:
16600:
16597:
16595:
16592:
16590:
16587:
16585:
16582:
16580:
16577:
16575:
16572:
16570:
16567:
16565:
16562:
16560:
16557:
16555:
16552:
16550:
16547:
16545:
16542:
16540:
16537:
16535:
16532:
16530:
16527:
16525:
16522:
16521:
16519:
16498:
16495:
16493:
16490:
16489:
16487:
16483:
16477:
16474:
16472:
16469:
16467:
16464:
16462:
16459:
16457:
16454:
16452:
16451:Faroe Islands
16449:
16447:
16444:
16443:
16441:
16435:
16429:
16426:
16424:
16423:South Ossetia
16421:
16419:
16416:
16414:
16411:
16409:
16406:
16405:
16403:
16397:
16391:
16388:
16384:
16381:
16379:
16376:
16374:
16371:
16369:
16366:
16365:
16364:
16361:
16359:
16356:
16354:
16351:
16349:
16346:
16344:
16341:
16339:
16336:
16334:
16331:
16329:
16326:
16324:
16321:
16319:
16316:
16314:
16311:
16309:
16306:
16304:
16301:
16299:
16296:
16294:
16291:
16289:
16286:
16284:
16281:
16279:
16276:
16274:
16271:
16269:
16266:
16264:
16261:
16259:
16256:
16254:
16251:
16249:
16248:Liechtenstein
16246:
16244:
16241:
16239:
16236:
16234:
16231:
16229:
16227:
16224:
16222:
16219:
16217:
16214:
16212:
16209:
16207:
16204:
16202:
16199:
16197:
16194:
16192:
16189:
16187:
16184:
16182:
16179:
16177:
16174:
16172:
16169:
16167:
16164:
16162:
16159:
16157:
16154:
16152:
16149:
16147:
16144:
16142:
16139:
16137:
16134:
16132:
16129:
16127:
16124:
16122:
16119:
16118:
16116:
16112:
16108:
16101:
16096:
16094:
16089:
16087:
16082:
16081:
16078:
16065:
16061:
16059:
16055:
16052:
16050:
16046:
16043:
16042:
16039:
16033:
16032:Proto-Romance
16030:
16029:
16027:
16025:Reconstructed
16023:
16015:
16012:
16010:
16007:
16006:
16005:
16002:
16000:
15999:
15995:
15993:
15992:
15991:British Latin
15988:
15986:
15985:
15981:
15980:
15978:
15974:
15962:
15959:
15957:
15954:
15952:
15949:
15947:
15944:
15943:
15941:
15938:
15935:
15934:
15930:
15929:
15927:
15923:
15915:
15912:
15910:
15907:
15905:
15902:
15900:
15897:
15895:
15892:
15891:
15890:
15887:
15883:
15880:
15878:
15875:
15874:
15873:
15870:
15866:
15863:
15862:
15861:
15858:
15857:
15855:
15853:
15847:
15837:
15836:
15832:
15831:
15830:
15829:
15825:
15821:
15818:
15816:
15813:
15812:
15811:
15810:Vivaro-Alpine
15808:
15804:
15801:
15800:
15799:
15796:
15794:
15791:
15789:
15786:
15784:
15783:
15779:
15775:
15774:
15770:
15768:
15765:
15763:
15760:
15758:
15755:
15754:
15753:
15750:
15748:
15745:
15744:
15743:
15740:
15734:
15731:
15729:
15726:
15725:
15723:
15721:
15718:
15716:
15715:
15711:
15707:
15704:
15702:
15699:
15695:
15692:
15690:
15687:
15686:
15685:
15682:
15680:
15677:
15676:
15674:
15672:
15669:
15668:
15667:
15666:
15662:
15661:
15659:
15657:
15651:
15640:
15637:
15634:
15631:
15630:
15628:
15624:
15616:
15615:
15614:Old Navarrese
15611:
15610:
15609:
15608:
15604:
15602:
15599:
15595:
15592:
15591:
15590:
15587:
15585:
15584:
15580:
15579:
15577:
15573:
15567:
15566:
15562:
15558:
15555:
15553:
15550:
15548:
15545:
15541:
15538:
15536:
15533:
15531:
15528:
15526:
15523:
15519:
15516:
15515:
15514:
15511:
15510:
15509:
15508:
15504:
15500:
15497:
15493:
15490:
15489:
15488:
15485:
15481:
15478:
15477:
15476:
15473:
15472:
15471:
15470:
15466:
15464:
15463:Equatoguinean
15461:
15459:
15456:
15455:
15454:
15453:
15449:
15447:
15444:
15442:
15439:
15437:
15434:
15433:
15431:
15429:
15425:
15419:
15418:
15414:
15410:
15407:
15405:
15402:
15398:
15395:
15394:
15393:
15392:
15388:
15384:
15381:
15380:
15379:
15378:
15374:
15372:
15369:
15367:
15366:
15362:
15360:
15357:
15356:
15355:
15354:
15350:
15348:
15347:
15343:
15341:
15338:
15333:
15330:
15329:
15328:
15325:
15323:
15320:
15319:
15317:
15315:
15311:
15305:
15304:
15300:
15298:
15295:
15291:
15288:
15287:
15286:
15283:
15281:
15278:
15274:
15271:
15270:
15269:
15266:
15265:
15263:
15261:
15257:
15254:
15251:
15244:
15238:
15228:
15227:
15223:
15221:
15220:
15216:
15212:
15209:
15207:
15204:
15202:
15199:
15198:
15196:
15193:
15192:
15189:
15181:
15178:
15176:
15173:
15172:
15171:
15168:
15164:
15161:
15159:
15156:
15155:
15154:
15151:
15149:
15146:
15144:
15141:
15139:
15136:
15132:
15129:
15127:
15124:
15122:
15119:
15115:
15114:
15110:
15106:
15103:
15102:
15101:
15098:
15096:
15093:
15091:
15090:
15086:
15085:
15084:
15081:
15080:
15079:
15076:
15074:
15071:
15067:
15064:
15062:
15059:
15057:
15054:
15053:
15052:
15049:
15045:
15044:
15040:
15036:
15033:
15029:
15026:
15025:
15024:
15021:
15019:
15016:
15012:
15009:
15007:
15004:
15002:
14999:
14997:
14994:
14990:
14987:
14985:
14982:
14981:
14980:
14977:
14975:
14972:
14970:
14967:
14963:
14960:
14958:
14955:
14954:
14953:
14950:
14949:
14948:
14945:
14944:
14942:
14940:
14937:
14935:
14932:
14931:
14930:
14929:
14925:
14923:
14920:
14918:
14917:Frainc-Comtou
14915:
14911:
14908:
14906:
14903:
14902:
14901:
14898:
14896:
14893:
14891:
14888:
14886:
14883:
14881:
14878:
14877:
14875:
14873:
14867:
14864:
14862:
14856:
14848:
14845:
14844:
14843:
14840:
14838:
14837:
14833:
14827:
14824:
14822:
14819:
14815:
14812:
14810:
14807:
14805:
14802:
14801:
14800:
14797:
14795:
14792:
14790:
14787:
14783:
14780:
14778:
14775:
14773:
14770:
14768:
14765:
14764:
14763:
14760:
14758:
14755:
14751:
14748:
14747:
14746:
14743:
14742:
14741:
14738:
14734:
14731:
14729:
14726:
14725:
14724:
14721:
14720:
14719:
14716:
14714:
14713:Judeo-Italian
14711:
14707:
14704:
14702:
14699:
14697:
14694:
14692:
14689:
14687:
14684:
14682:
14679:
14678:
14677:
14674:
14672:
14669:
14667:
14664:
14662:
14659:
14653:
14650:
14648:
14645:
14644:
14643:
14640:
14636:
14633:
14631:
14628:
14627:
14626:
14623:
14622:
14621:
14618:
14617:
14615:
14613:
14609:
14606:
14604:
14600:
14590:
14587:
14583:
14580:
14578:
14577:
14573:
14572:
14571:
14568:
14567:
14565:
14561:
14553:
14550:
14546:
14543:
14541:
14538:
14536:
14533:
14531:
14528:
14524:
14521:
14520:
14519:
14516:
14514:
14511:
14509:
14508:Castelmezzano
14506:
14504:
14501:
14499:
14496:
14495:
14494:
14493:
14489:
14488:
14487:
14484:
14478:
14475:
14474:
14473:
14470:
14466:
14463:
14462:
14461:
14458:
14456:
14453:
14452:
14451:
14448:
14447:
14445:
14441:
14433:
14430:
14429:
14428:
14427:
14423:
14421:
14418:
14414:
14413:Swiss Italian
14411:
14409:
14406:
14404:
14401:
14399:
14396:
14395:
14394:
14393:
14389:
14385:
14382:
14381:
14380:
14377:
14373:
14370:
14368:
14365:
14363:
14360:
14356:
14353:
14351:
14348:
14346:
14343:
14342:
14341:
14338:
14337:
14336:
14333:
14332:
14330:
14326:
14323:
14321:
14315:
14309:
14308:
14304:
14300:
14297:
14295:
14294:Transylvanian
14292:
14290:
14287:
14285:
14282:
14280:
14277:
14275:
14272:
14270:
14267:
14265:
14262:
14260:
14257:
14256:
14255:
14254:
14253:Daco-Romanian
14250:
14248:
14245:
14243:
14240:
14238:
14235:
14234:
14232:
14230:
14226:
14220:
14217:
14213:
14210:
14208:
14205:
14204:
14203:
14202:Italo-Western
14200:
14198:
14195:
14194:
14192:
14188:
14183:
14179:
14172:
14167:
14165:
14160:
14158:
14153:
14152:
14149:
14135:
14131:
14129:
14125:
14122:
14118:
14115:
14114:
14110:
14102:
14099:
14097:
14094:
14093:
14091:
14088:
14085:
14082:
14081:
14079:
14075:
14065:
14064:
14060:
14056:
14053:
14052:
14051:
14048:
14046:
14045:
14041:
14039:
14036:
14032:
14029:
14027:
14024:
14023:
14022:
14019:
14017:
14014:
14012:
14011:
14007:
14005:
14002:
14000:
13999:
13995:
13993:
13990:
13988:
13987:
13983:
13981:
13978:
13976:
13973:
13971:
13968:
13964:
13961:
13960:
13959:
13956:
13954:
13953:
13949:
13947:
13944:
13941:
13938:
13936:
13933:
13931:
13928:
13926:
13925:Frainc-Comtou
13923:
13921:
13918:
13916:
13913:
13911:
13908:
13906:
13903:
13901:
13898:
13896:
13893:
13891:
13888:
13886:
13883:
13882:
13880:
13876:
13870:
13867:
13865:
13864:
13860:
13858:
13857:
13853:
13851:
13848:
13846:
13843:
13841:
13838:
13836:
13833:
13831:
13830:
13826:
13824:
13821:
13819:
13818:
13814:
13813:
13811:
13809:
13805:
13799:
13796:
13794:
13791:
13789:
13786:
13784:
13781:
13779:
13776:
13774:
13771:
13769:
13766:
13764:
13761:
13759:
13756:
13754:
13753:
13752:Middle French
13749:
13747:
13744:
13742:
13741:
13737:
13735:
13732:
13730:
13727:
13725:
13722:
13720:
13717:
13715:
13712:
13710:
13707:
13705:
13702:
13698:
13695:
13693:
13690:
13689:
13687:
13684:
13682:
13679:
13677:
13674:
13672:
13669:
13667:
13664:
13660:
13657:
13655:
13652:
13651:
13649:
13646:
13642:
13641:St. Marys Bay
13639:
13637:
13634:
13633:
13632:
13629:
13628:
13626:
13623:
13619:
13613:
13610:
13608:
13605:
13603:
13600:
13598:
13595:
13593:
13590:
13588:
13585:
13584:
13582:
13580:
13576:
13570:
13567:
13565:
13562:
13560:
13557:
13556:
13554:
13552:
13548:
13545:
13543:
13542:Langues d'oïl
13539:
13532:
13529:
13528:
13526:
13522:
13517:
13510:
13505:
13503:
13498:
13496:
13491:
13490:
13487:
13475:
13472:
13470:
13467:
13465:
13462:
13461:
13459:
13455:
13449:
13446:
13444:
13441:
13439:
13436:
13433:
13429:
13426:
13425:
13423:
13419:
13413:
13410:
13408:
13405:
13403:
13400:
13398:
13395:
13394:
13392:
13388:
13384:
13379:
13370:
13365:
13363:
13358:
13356:
13351:
13350:
13347:
13337:
13335:
13331:
13325:
13319:
13318:
13314:
13312:
13309:
13307:
13304:
13302:
13299:
13297:
13294:
13293:
13291:
13287:
13281:
13278:
13276:
13273:
13271:
13268:
13266:
13263:
13261:
13258:
13256:
13253:
13251:
13248:
13246:
13243:
13241:
13238:
13236:
13233:
13231:
13228:
13226:
13223:
13221:
13218:
13216:
13213:
13211:
13208:
13207:
13205:
13201:
13195:
13192:
13190:
13187:
13185:
13182:
13180:
13177:
13175:
13174:Broken Slavey
13172:
13170:
13167:
13166:
13164:
13160:
13150:
13147:
13145:
13142:
13140:
13137:
13135:
13132:
13130:
13127:
13126:
13124:
13120:
13114:
13111:
13109:
13106:
13104:
13101:
13100:
13098:
13096:
13092:
13086:
13083:
13081:
13078:
13076:
13073:
13071:
13068:
13066:
13063:
13062:
13060:
13058:
13054:
13048:
13045:
13043:
13040:
13038:
13035:
13033:
13030:
13028:
13025:
13023:
13020:
13018:
13015:
13013:
13010:
13008:
13005:
13003:
13000:
12999:
12997:
12995:
12991:
12985:
12982:
12980:
12977:
12975:
12972:
12970:
12967:
12965:
12962:
12960:
12957:
12955:
12952:
12951:
12949:
12947:
12943:
12937:
12934:
12932:
12929:
12927:
12924:
12922:
12919:
12918:
12916:
12914:
12910:
12904:
12901:
12899:
12896:
12894:
12891:
12889:
12886:
12884:
12881:
12879:
12876:
12874:
12871:
12869:
12866:
12864:
12861:
12859:
12856:
12854:
12851:
12849:
12846:
12844:
12841:
12839:
12836:
12834:
12831:
12830:
12828:
12826:
12822:
12816:
12813:
12811:
12808:
12806:
12803:
12801:
12798:
12796:
12793:
12791:
12788:
12786:
12783:
12781:
12778:
12776:
12773:
12771:
12768:
12766:
12763:
12761:
12758:
12757:
12755:
12753:
12749:
12746:
12742:
12736:
12733:
12731:
12728:
12727:
12725:
12721:
12717:
12710:
12705:
12703:
12698:
12696:
12691:
12690:
12687:
12675:
12672:
12671:
12669:
12667:
12663:
12657:
12654:
12653:
12651:
12649:
12645:
12639:
12636:
12634:
12631:
12630:
12628:
12626:
12622:
12616:
12613:
12611:
12608:
12606:
12603:
12601:
12598:
12597:
12595:
12593:
12589:
12583:
12580:
12578:
12575:
12573:
12570:
12568:
12565:
12563:
12560:
12559:
12557:
12555:
12551:
12545:
12542:
12540:
12537:
12535:
12532:
12531:
12529:
12525:
12521:
12516:
12507:
12502:
12500:
12495:
12493:
12488:
12487:
12484:
12474:
12468:
12462:
12459:
12458:
12456:
12452:
12446:
12443:
12441:
12438:
12436:
12433:
12431:
12428:
12426:
12423:
12421:
12418:
12416:
12413:
12411:
12408:
12406:
12403:
12401:
12398:
12396:
12393:
12391:
12388:
12386:
12383:
12381:
12378:
12377:
12375:
12371:
12365:
12362:
12359:
12358:Vivaro-Alpine
12355:
12351:
12347:
12343:
12339:
12335:
12332:
12330:
12327:
12325:
12322:
12320:
12317:
12315:
12312:
12310:
12307:
12304:
12300:
12298:
12295:
12292:
12288:
12285:
12283:
12280:
12277:
12273:
12269:
12266:
12262:
12259:
12258:
12257:
12254:
12253:
12251:
12247:
12241:
12238:
12237:
12235:
12231:
12227:
12222:
12213:
12208:
12206:
12201:
12199:
12194:
12193:
12190:
12177:
12174:
12172:
12169:
12167:
12164:
12163:
12158:
12155:
12154:
12150:
12140:
12137:
12135:
12132:
12130:
12127:
12125:
12122:
12120:
12117:
12115:
12112:
12110:
12107:
12105:
12102:
12100:
12097:
12095:
12092:
12090:
12087:
12085:
12082:
12079:
12077:
12074:
12072:
12069:
12067:
12064:
12062:
12059:
12057:
12054:
12052:
12049:
12048:
12046:
12044:
12040:
12034:
12031:
12029:
12026:
12024:
12021:
12017:
12014:
12013:
12012:
12009:
12007:
12004:
12002:
11999:
11997:
11994:
11992:
11989:
11987:
11984:
11982:
11979:
11977:
11974:
11972:
11969:
11967:
11964:
11962:
11961:Birth control
11959:
11957:
11954:
11953:
11950:
11947:
11945:
11941:
11931:
11928:
11926:
11923:
11921:
11918:
11916:
11913:
11911:
11908:
11906:
11903:
11901:
11898:
11896:
11893:
11891:
11888:
11886:
11883:
11881:
11878:
11876:
11873:
11871:
11868:
11866:
11863:
11859:
11856:
11855:
11854:
11851:
11849:
11846:
11844:
11841:
11840:
11837:
11834:
11832:
11828:
11818:
11815:
11813:
11810:
11808:
11805:
11801:
11798:
11796:
11793:
11791:
11788:
11787:
11786:
11783:
11781:
11778:
11774:
11771:
11769:
11766:
11765:
11764:
11761:
11759:
11756:
11754:
11751:
11747:
11744:
11743:
11742:
11739:
11737:
11736:Constitutions
11734:
11733:
11730:
11727:
11725:
11721:
11711:
11708:
11706:
11703:
11701:
11698:
11696:
11693:
11691:
11688:
11686:
11683:
11681:
11678:
11676:
11673:
11671:
11668:
11666:
11663:
11662:
11659:
11656:
11654:
11650:
11638:
11635:
11633:
11630:
11628:
11625:
11623:
11620:
11618:
11615:
11613:
11610:
11608:
11605:
11603:
11600:
11599:
11598:
11595:
11591:
11588:
11587:
11586:
11583:
11581:
11578:
11577:
11575:
11571:
11563:
11560:
11558:
11555:
11553:
11550:
11548:
11545:
11544:
11543:
11540:
11535:
11534:
11533:Années folles
11529:
11528:
11527:
11524:
11522:
11519:
11514:
11513:
11508:
11507:
11506:
11503:
11501:
11498:
11496:
11495:Second Empire
11493:
11491:
11488:
11486:
11483:
11481:
11478:
11477:
11474:
11473:July Monarchy
11471:
11469:
11466:
11464:
11461:
11460:
11458:
11456:
11452:
11446:
11443:
11441:
11438:
11436:
11433:
11431:
11428:
11427:
11425:
11421:
11415:
11412:
11410:
11407:
11405:
11402:
11400:
11397:
11395:
11392:
11390:
11387:
11385:
11382:
11380:
11377:
11374:
11373:
11372:Ancien Régime
11368:
11366:
11363:
11361:
11358:
11356:
11353:
11352:
11350:
11348:
11344:
11336:
11333:
11332:
11331:
11328:
11326:
11323:
11319:
11316:
11315:
11314:
11311:
11309:
11306:
11305:
11303:
11301:
11297:
11291:
11288:
11286:
11283:
11281:
11278:
11276:
11273:
11272:
11270:
11268:
11264:
11258:
11255:
11253:
11250:
11249:
11247:
11243:
11237:
11234:
11232:
11229:
11227:
11224:
11222:
11219:
11217:
11214:
11212:
11209:
11207:
11204:
11202:
11199:
11197:
11194:
11193:
11191:
11187:
11184:
11182:
11178:
11174:
11171:
11164:
11159:
11157:
11152:
11150:
11145:
11144:
11141:
11135:
11128:
11122:
11118:
11114:
11113:
11104:
11098:
11097:
11079:
11075:
11071:
11067:
11064:Smith, Paul.
11062:
11061:
11053:
11050:
11049:
11040:
11037:
11036:
11023:
11015:
11011:
11008:
11006:
11003:
11001:
10997:
10996:
10987:
10984:
10982:
10979:
10977:
10973:
10970:
10968:
10964:
10961:
10960:
10951:
10948:
10942:
10939:
10938:
10935:Organisations
10925:
10921:
10917:
10913:
10910:
10907:
10906:0-312-34183-0
10903:
10899:
10895:
10891:
10885:
10880:
10879:
10872:
10871:
10861:
10856:
10841:
10837:
10831:
10824:
10823:
10818:
10817:
10796:
10792:
10788:
10782:
10766:
10762:
10758:
10752:
10736:
10732:
10729:(in French).
10728:
10722:
10715:
10711:
10697:
10694:(in French).
10693:
10692:langue-fr.net
10689:
10683:
10675:
10669:
10665:
10658:
10651:
10647:
10641:
10639:
10622:
10618:
10614:
10607:
10599:
10593:
10589:
10585:
10579:
10563:
10559:
10555:
10548:
10539:
10537:
10528:
10521:
10505:
10501:
10497:
10491:
10484:
10480:
10477:
10469:
10462:
10458:
10455:
10447:
10440:
10436:
10433:
10425:
10418:
10414:
10411:
10403:
10384:
10380:
10376:
10372:
10368:
10365:(2): 129–44.
10364:
10360:
10353:
10346:
10330:
10326:
10322:
10318:
10314:
10310:
10306:
10302:
10295:
10288:
10284:
10280:
10276:
10269:
10253:
10249:
10248:The Economist
10245:
10238:
10222:
10218:
10214:
10207:
10200:
10196:
10191:
10189:
10187:
10185:
10168:
10164:
10160:
10156:
10152:
10148:
10141:
10125:
10121:
10117:
10110:
10094:
10090:
10086:
10079:
10072:
10066:
10059:
10055:
10051:
10048:
10044:
10038:
10022:
10018:
10014:
10008:
9992:
9988:
9984:
9977:
9961:
9957:
9951:
9932:
9928:
9922:
9906:
9902:
9895:
9876:
9872:
9865:
9863:
9846:
9842:
9835:
9833:
9816:
9809:
9803:
9796:
9791:
9784:
9779:
9772:
9767:
9751:
9747:
9740:
9734:
9730:
9726:
9723:
9718:
9702:
9698:
9694:
9688:
9686:
9678:
9674:
9668:
9652:
9648:
9644:
9637:
9621:
9617:
9616:
9611:
9604:
9588:
9584:
9580:
9574:
9558:
9554:
9548:
9539:
9532:
9527:
9523:
9519:
9515:
9511:
9504:
9488:
9484:
9478:
9474:
9473:
9465:
9449:
9445:
9439:
9420:
9413:
9407:
9391:
9387:
9381:
9365:
9361:
9357:
9351:
9344:
9339:
9333:
9329:
9326:
9318:
9311:
9306:
9302:
9299:
9291:
9284:
9280:
9277:
9269:
9262:
9258:
9255:
9250:
9234:
9230:
9229:www.cecif.com
9226:
9220:
9204:
9200:
9196:
9190:
9183:
9182:CNRS Editions
9179:
9175:
9172:
9171:
9162:
9143:
9136:
9130:
9114:
9110:
9104:
9089:
9085:
9081:
9074:
9058:
9054:
9047:
9045:
9025:
9018:
9014:
9007:
8991:
8984:
8980:
8974:
8955:
8948:
8944:
8938:
8936:
8919:
8915:
8911:
8905:
8889:
8885:
8879:
8872:
8867:
8851:
8847:
8841:
8837:
8836:
8828:
8809:
8805:
8801:
8794:
8790:
8784:
8776:
8772:
8768:
8764:
8760:
8754:
8750:
8746:
8739:
8723:
8719:
8715:
8709:
8702:
8698:
8695:
8690:
8682:
8675:
8668:
8660:
8654:
8650:
8643:
8641:
8624:
8620:
8616:
8610:
8594:
8590:
8586:
8579:
8563:
8559:
8553:
8549:
8548:
8540:
8533:
8532:Top Languages
8529:
8525:
8521:
8516:
8508:
8501:
8485:
8481:
8475:
8471:
8470:
8465:
8464:Barlow, Julie
8461:
8455:
8446:
8437:
8421:
8417:
8413:
8409:
8405:
8401:
8397:
8393:
8389:
8385:
8378:
8376:
8359:
8355:
8351:
8345:
8343:
8341:
8339:
8332:, p. 82.
8331:
8330:Roegiest 2006
8326:
8324:
8316:
8314:
8310:
8306:
8302:
8288:
8284:
8278:
8274:
8273:
8265:
8263:
8254:
8247:
8239:
8235:
8231:
8224:
8216:
8212:
8208:
8204:
8200:
8196:
8192:
8188:
8183:
8178:
8174:
8170:
8163:
8155:
8148:
8142:, p. 83.
8141:
8140:Roegiest 2006
8136:
8128:
8122:
8114:
8107:
8099:
8093:
8086:
8078:
8071:
8069:
8060:
8058:9780901519597
8054:
8050:
8043:
8035:
8031:
8027:
8023:
8019:
8013:
8011:
8009:
7992:
7988:
7986:1-58811-313-2
7982:
7978:
7977:
7969:
7953:
7949:
7943:
7939:
7938:
7930:
7922:
7916:
7912:
7905:
7903:
7901:
7892:
7886:
7882:
7878:
7874:
7867:
7865:
7848:
7844:
7838:
7822:
7818:
7811:
7803:
7799:
7793:
7775:
7771:
7767:
7765:
7764:Eurobarometer
7756:
7753:(June 2012),
7752:
7746:
7744:
7727:
7723:
7717:
7715:
7706:
7702:
7697:
7692:
7688:
7684:
7680:
7673:
7665:
7661:
7657:
7653:
7649:
7645:
7641:
7634:
7626:
7619:
7604:
7597:
7590:
7588:
7579:
7575:
7570:
7565:
7561:
7557:
7553:
7546:
7535:
7528:
7520:
7516:
7512:
7505:
7489:
7485:
7481:
7475:
7456:
7449:
7443:
7435:
7429:
7428:
7423:
7418:
7402:
7398:
7394:
7388:
7372:
7368:
7367:
7362:
7356:
7348:
7342:
7341:
7336:
7331:
7329:
7327:
7325:
7320:
7306:
7302:
7296:
7290:
7286:
7280:
7274:
7270:
7266:
7262:
7258:
7254:
7250:
7246:
7242:
7238:
7234:
7230:
7226:
7225:Guinea-Bissau
7222:
7218:
7214:
7210:
7206:
7202:
7201:Côte d'Ivoire
7198:
7194:
7190:
7186:
7182:
7178:
7174:
7170:
7166:
7162:
7158:
7152:
7143:
7139:
7129:
7126:
7124:
7121:
7119:
7116:
7114:
7111:
7109:
7106:
7104:
7101:
7099:
7096:
7094:
7091:
7089:
7086:
7084:
7081:
7079:
7078:French poetry
7076:
7074:
7071:
7069:
7066:
7064:
7061:
7059:
7056:
7054:
7051:
7049:
7046:
7044:
7041:
7039:
7036:
7034:
7031:
7030:
7026:
7020:
7015:
7006:
7003:
7002:
7001:
6999:
6998:
6990:
6987:
6986:
6985:
6983:
6982:
6971:
6969:
6965:
6960:
6958:
6953:
6951:
6947:
6943:
6939:
6935:
6931:
6926:
6924:
6923:quatre-vingts
6920:
6918:
6912:
6908:
6906:
6900:
6898:
6897:quatre-vingts
6892:
6890:
6884:
6882:
6876:
6872:
6868:
6864:
6863:Aostan French
6860:
6856:
6852:
6850:
6846:
6844:
6838:
6834:
6832:
6831:quatre-vingts
6826:
6824:
6818:
6814:
6810:
6800:
6798:
6793:
6791:
6787:
6783:
6779:
6775:
6771:
6767:
6763:
6759:
6755:
6751:
6747:
6743:
6739:
6735:
6734:
6729:
6722:
6718:
6715:
6713:
6709:
6706:
6704:
6700:
6697:
6695:
6692:
6688:
6685:
6682:
6680:
6676:
6673:
6672:
6671:
6669:
6664:
6662:
6655:
6654:
6649:
6648:
6643:
6642:
6637:
6635:
6634:
6629:
6628:
6623:
6622:
6618:thing/cause:
6617:
6616:
6615:
6610:
6609:
6604:
6600:
6599:
6595:
6593:
6592:
6587:
6583:
6582:
6578:
6576:
6575:
6570:
6566:
6565:
6561:
6559:
6558:
6553:
6549:
6548:
6544:
6543:
6542:
6540:
6533:
6532:
6528:
6523:
6522:
6517:
6516:
6511:
6509:
6508:
6504:
6499:
6498:
6493:
6492:
6487:
6485:
6484:
6480:
6475:
6474:
6469:
6468:
6463:
6461:
6460:
6456:
6451:
6450:
6445:
6444:
6439:
6438:
6437:
6435:
6431:
6427:
6423:
6407:
6397:
6387:
6371:
6361:
6357:
6347:
6337:
6327:
6317:
6307:
6299:
6298:
6285:
6283:
6279:
6274:
6270:
6263:
6259:
6257:
6253:
6252:
6251:
6249:
6242:
6238:
6236:
6232:
6231:
6230:
6225:
6221:
6219:
6215:
6214:
6213:
6210:
6208:
6204:
6203:passive voice
6200:
6185:
6182:
6179:
6176:
6173:
6172:
6168:
6165:
6162:
6159:
6156:
6155:
6151:
6148:
6145:
6142:
6139:
6138:
6134:
6131:
6128:
6125:
6124:
6114:
6111:Conditionnel
6108:
6105:
6092:
6089:
6086:
6085:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6075:
6071:
6068:
6067:
6060:
6054:
6040:
6037:
6034:
6031:
6028:
6025:
6022:
6020:il/elle aime
6019:
6016:
6015:
6011:
6008:
6005:
6003:tu aies aimé
6002:
5999:
5996:
5993:
5990:
5987:
5986:
5982:
5980:j'eusse aimé
5979:
5976:
5973:
5970:
5967:
5965:nous aimions
5964:
5961:
5958:
5957:
5953:
5950:
5947:
5944:
5941:
5938:
5935:
5932:
5931:
5915:
5909:
5906:
5892:
5889:
5886:
5883:
5880:
5877:
5874:
5871:
5868:
5867:
5863:
5860:
5857:
5854:
5851:
5848:
5846:vous aimerez
5845:
5842:
5839:
5838:
5834:
5831:
5828:
5826:j'avais aimé
5825:
5822:
5820:j'aurai aimé
5819:
5816:
5813:
5810:
5809:
5805:
5802:
5799:
5796:
5793:
5790:
5787:
5784:
5783:
5771:Futur simple
5767:
5763:
5759:
5757:il/elle aima
5756:
5753:
5750:
5747:
5744:
5741:
5739:il/elle aime
5738:
5735:
5734:
5731:vous aimâtes
5730:
5727:
5724:
5721:
5718:
5715:
5712:
5709:
5706:
5705:
5702:nous aimâmes
5701:
5698:
5695:
5692:
5690:nous aimions
5689:
5686:
5683:
5680:
5677:
5676:
5672:
5669:
5666:
5663:
5660:
5657:
5654:
5651:
5650:
5647:Passé simple
5634:
5628:
5625:
5619:
5613:
5607:
5606:passé composé
5601:
5598:
5592:
5586:
5580:
5579:passé composé
5574:
5569:
5564:
5563:
5557:
5552:
5551:
5545:
5544:simple future
5540:
5539:
5533:
5528:
5527:
5521:
5516:
5515:
5508:
5507:
5506:passé composé
5501:
5496:
5491:
5482:
5470:
5468:
5464:
5460:
5456:
5452:
5448:
5444:
5433:
5423:
5421:
5417:
5413:
5409:
5405:
5401:
5397:
5393:
5389:
5385:
5381:
5377:
5373:
5372:le professeur
5369:
5365:
5361:
5357:
5353:
5349:
5345:
5341:
5338:Every French
5328:
5324:
5322:
5318:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5305:
5304:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5294:
5290:
5286:
5282:
5278:
5274:
5270:
5266:
5262:
5258:
5254:
5250:
5246:
5242:
5238:
5234:
5228:
5218:
5215:
5210:
5200:
5196:
5192:
5188:
5184:
5181:
5177:
5173:
5169:
5165:
5161:
5158:(from former
5157:
5153:
5149:
5145:
5141:
5137:
5136:
5134:
5129:
5125:
5121:
5117:
5113:
5109:
5105:
5101:
5093:
5086:is otherwise
5085:
5081:
5077:
5073:
5065:
5061:
5059:
5053:
5049:
5045:
5041:
5036:
5032:
5028:
5024:
5020:
5016:
5013:
5009:
5005:
5001:
4997:
4993:
4989:
4985:
4981:
4977:
4973:
4969:
4965:
4961:
4957:
4954:
4950:
4946:
4942:
4938:
4937:
4932:
4928:
4924:
4920:
4916:
4912:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4895:
4894:Rue des Cloÿs
4891:
4887:
4883:
4882:
4877:
4873:
4869:
4865:
4861:
4860:
4858:
4851:
4847:
4843:
4838:
4834:
4833:
4831:
4824:
4819:
4815:
4813:
4807:
4805:
4798:
4793:
4789:
4785:
4781:
4780:[wɛ̃]
4777:
4776:
4774:
4767:
4762:
4758:
4756:
4750:
4746:
4742:
4741:
4739:
4735:
4731:
4727:
4723:
4719:
4715:
4711:
4707:
4703:
4699:
4695:
4692:
4689:
4685:
4681:
4677:
4673:
4669:
4665:
4661:
4657:
4645:
4637:
4633:
4631:
4625:
4621:
4617:
4613:
4602:
4600:
4594:
4590:
4586:
4582:
4571:
4569:
4564:
4560:
4559:l'accent aigu
4556:
4552:
4551:
4549:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4540:
4536:
4532:
4528:
4525:
4522:
4518:
4514:
4511:
4508:
4504:
4500:
4496:
4491:
4487:
4483:
4479:
4475:
4471:
4470:
4465:
4462:
4461:
4460:
4458:
4454:
4450:
4446:
4442:
4438:
4426:
4422:
4414:
4410:
4406:
4402:
4398:
4386:
4382:
4377:
4375:
4371:
4367:
4363:
4359:
4357:
4351:
4347:
4343:
4339:
4334:
4333:
4329:
4325:
4321:
4317:
4313:
4309:
4305:
4301:
4293:
4289:
4285:
4282:
4278:
4274:
4270:
4269:
4268:
4263:
4259:
4249:
4247:
4243:
4238:
4236:
4232:
4228:
4224:
4220:
4216:
4210:
4206:
4188:
4184:
4180:
4179:Quebec French
4176:
4172:
4168:
4164:
4160:
4156:
4152:
4148:
4144:
4140:
4135:
4131:
4127:
4123:
4119:
4115:
4111:
4107:
4103:
4099:
4095:
4092:
4088:
4084:
4080:
4076:
4072:
4068:
4064:
4060:
4056:
4052:
4048:
4044:
4040:
4036:
4032:
4028:
4024:
4023:
4018:
4014:
4013:
4011:
4007:
4003:
3999:
3995:
3991:
3987:
3983:
3979:
3975:
3971:
3967:
3963:
3959:
3955:
3951:
3947:
3943:
3939:
3935:
3931:
3927:
3923:
3919:
3918:
3917:
3910:
3906:
3905:delateralised
3902:
3899:
3898:
3897:
3889:, "pay", vs.
3888:
3887:
3886:
3869:
3868:minimal pairs
3853:
3849:
3841:
3838:
3834:
3830:
3826:
3825:
3824:
3818:
3814:
3787:
3784:
3780:
3772:
3769:
3761:
3754:
3747:
3728:
3680:
3679:
3678:
3666:
3662:
3660:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3652:
3648:
3644:
3640:
3635:
3632:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3622:
3618:
3614:
3611:
3607:
3606:
3603:
3598:
3592:
3578:
3573:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3556:
3552:
3548:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3531:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3521:
3517:
3513:
3509:
3501:
3497:
3494:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3480:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3467:
3464:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3454:
3450:
3446:
3443:
3439:
3438:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3419:
3413:
3412:
3409:
3408:
3399:
3395:
3392:
3388:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3377:
3376:
3373:
3370:
3366:
3363:
3359:
3357:
3352:
3350:
3346:
3342:
3338:
3335:
3331:
3328:
3324:
3321:
3317:
3316:
3312:
3305:
3301:
3298:
3294:
3291:
3287:
3284:
3280:
3278:
3274:
3270:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3257:
3254:
3250:
3247:
3243:
3242:
3238:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3225:
3222:
3218:
3215:
3211:
3209:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3192:
3188:
3185:
3181:
3178:
3174:
3172:
3168:
3165:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3129:
3111:
3101:
3097:
3095:
3091:
3090:
3084:
3080:
3077:
3072:
3068:
3063:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3049:
3045:
3041:
3037:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3012:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2978:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2949:jurisprudence
2946:
2932:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2898:
2895:
2894:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2877:Indian French
2875:
2873:
2870:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2857:
2856:
2855:French French
2853:
2849:
2848:Quebec French
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2825:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2808:Aostan French
2806:
2801:
2798:
2797:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2789:
2779:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2765:
2760:
2758:
2754:
2753:
2747:
2745:
2741:
2735:
2723:
2719:
2718:, it is 84%.
2717:
2713:
2709:
2708:New Caledonia
2705:
2701:
2694:
2690:
2689:New Caledonia
2686:
2682:
2677:
2668:
2665:
2661:
2656:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2637:
2633:
2629:
2621:
2617:
2614:Town sign in
2612:
2607:
2597:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2581:
2580:Indian French
2571:
2568:
2564:
2563:South Vietnam
2560:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2508:French Guiana
2499:
2497:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2481:
2476:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2452:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2401:New Hampshire
2398:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2385:New Hampshire
2382:
2378:
2370:
2365:
2359:United States
2356:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2305:
2301:
2300:New Brunswick
2297:
2293:
2281:
2277:
2276:"arrêt" signs
2270:
2244:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2207:
2204:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2189:
2187:
2184:, Gabon, and
2183:
2179:
2175:
2170:
2168:
2164:
2113:
2106:
2083:
2078:
2064:
2060:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2033:
2031:
2027:
2022:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1991:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1968:
1965:
1961:
1956:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1929:
1925:
1915:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1850:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1831:
1829:
1825:
1824:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1810:lingua franca
1807:
1800:Modern French
1797:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1778:
1772:
1771:Middle French
1765:Middle French
1762:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1745:(cotton) and
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1723:
1722:lingua franca
1718:
1714:
1709:
1707:
1703:
1700:, as well as
1699:
1695:
1694:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1668:
1664:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1646:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1635:V2 word order
1632:
1628:
1624:
1619:
1618:
1611:
1610:
1601:
1591:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1548:
1542:
1539:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1517:
1515:
1511:
1508:
1503:
1501:
1494:
1493:Gallo-Romance
1484:
1482:
1481:Middle French
1478:
1474:
1470:
1464:
1454:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1427:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1372:
1368:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1345:
1344:
1338:
1337:
1332:
1331:
1326:
1323:, as well as
1322:
1318:
1315:French is an
1313:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1266:langues d'oïl
1263:
1259:
1258:Gallo-Romance
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1236:
1230:
1225:
1217:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1190:
1185:
1183:
1178:
1176:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1167:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1142:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1109:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1085:passé composé
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1071:
1070:
1068:
1064:
1061:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1043:
1042:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1009:
1008:
1005:
1002:
1001:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
980:Langues d'oïl
978:
977:
976:
975:
972:
969:
968:
964:
960:
959:
955:
951:
950:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
924:
918:
894:
889:
885:
881:
879:
875:
871:
867:
865:
864:
859:
855:
851:
848:
843:
838:
833:
825:
820:
815:
812:
807:
802:
797:
794:
789:
784:
778:
773:
768:
763:
760:
758:
754:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
732:African Union
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
699:
696:
686:
683:
681:
678:
673:
672:New Hampshire
670:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
653:
650:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
624:
621:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
589:
584:
580:
579:Mahé district
576:
573:
571:
570:New Caledonia
568:
564:
563:United States
559:
556:
552:
551:United States
547:
544:
542:
539:
535:
530:
527:
526:
523:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
433:
430:
428:
425:
423:
420:
418:
415:
413:
410:
408:
405:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
379:
376:
370:
364:
359:
356:
352:
351:Signed French
349:
345:
339:
336:
331:
327:
324:
320:
314:
300:
299:Middle French
297:
296:
295:
292:
291:
290:
287:
286:
285:
284:Proto-Romance
282:
281:
280:
277:
276:
275:
271:
265:
243:
240:
239:
238:
235:
234:
233:
232:Gallo-Romance
230:
229:
228:
225:
224:
223:
222:Italo-Western
220:
219:
218:
215:
214:
213:
210:
209:
208:
205:
204:
203:
200:
199:
198:
197:Indo-European
194:
190:
184:
178:
173:
170:
166:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
136:
132:
128:
124:
122:Pronunciation
120:
116:
111:
106:
97:
87:
82:
78:
71:
61:
51:
44:
39:
30:
29:
26:
22:
21:Lingua franca
16428:Transnistria
16390:Vatican City
16053:
16044:
15996:
15989:
15982:
15931:
15833:
15826:
15788:Languedocien
15780:
15773:Judeo-Gascon
15771:
15712:
15663:
15633:Barranquenho
15612:
15605:
15581:
15563:
15505:
15467:
15450:
15441:Extremaduran
15415:
15389:
15375:
15363:
15351:
15344:
15301:
15260:Asturleonese
15224:
15217:
15175:West Walloon
15163:Saintongeais
15111:
15087:
15083:Anglo-Norman
15041:
14974:Newfoundland
14934:Jersey Legal
14927:
14926:
14834:
14799:Southwestern
14782:Vallassinese
14671:Gallo-Picene
14612:Gallo-Italic
14574:
14490:
14485:
14424:
14390:
14305:
14251:
14116:
14061:
14042:
14031:Saintongeais
14008:
13996:
13984:
13950:
13915:Camfranglais
13861:
13854:
13827:
13817:Anglo-Norman
13815:
13778:Newfoundland
13763:Metropolitan
13750:
13740:Jersey Legal
13738:
13729:Houma French
13621:
13569:Saint Lucian
13524:Areal groups
13518:and dialects
13474:Italian Sign
13448:Swiss German
13328:
13315:
13275:Plautdietsch
12936:Inuvialuktun
12674:Sinte Romani
12577:West Flemish
12567:East Flemish
12400:Guadeloupean
12342:Languedocian
12239:
12066:Coat of arms
12056:Architecture
12028:Social class
11986:Homelessness
11971:Demographics
11925:Trade unions
11858:Central bank
11800:criminal law
11763:Human rights
11746:presidential
11590:Algerian War
11573:Contemporary
11547:Vichy France
11542:World War II
11512:Belle Époque
11445:First Empire
11347:Early Modern
11318:West Francia
11082:. Retrieved
11078:the original
11069:
10915:
10897:
10877:
10859:
10847:. Retrieved
10840:the original
10821:
10799:. Retrieved
10790:
10781:
10769:. Retrieved
10760:
10751:
10739:. Retrieved
10735:the original
10721:
10700:. Retrieved
10691:
10682:
10663:
10657:
10645:
10625:. Retrieved
10617:MED Magazine
10616:
10606:
10587:
10578:
10566:. Retrieved
10557:
10547:
10526:
10520:
10508:. Retrieved
10499:
10490:
10468:
10446:
10424:
10402:
10392:22 September
10390:. Retrieved
10362:
10358:
10345:
10333:. Retrieved
10308:
10304:
10294:
10286:
10281:. New York.
10278:
10268:
10256:. Retrieved
10247:
10237:
10225:. Retrieved
10216:
10206:
10198:
10171:. Retrieved
10154:
10150:
10140:
10128:. Retrieved
10119:
10109:
10097:. Retrieved
10088:
10078:
10070:
10065:
10037:
10027:16 September
10025:. Retrieved
10016:
10007:
9995:. Retrieved
9986:
9976:
9964:. Retrieved
9950:
9938:. Retrieved
9931:the original
9921:
9909:. Retrieved
9905:the original
9894:
9882:. Retrieved
9875:the original
9849:. Retrieved
9845:the original
9819:. Retrieved
9802:
9790:
9778:
9766:
9754:. Retrieved
9739:
9717:
9705:. Retrieved
9696:
9672:
9667:
9655:. Retrieved
9646:
9636:
9624:. Retrieved
9613:
9603:
9591:. Retrieved
9582:
9573:
9561:. Retrieved
9547:
9538:
9529:
9513:
9503:
9491:. Retrieved
9471:
9464:
9452:. Retrieved
9448:the original
9438:
9426:. Retrieved
9419:the original
9406:
9394:. Retrieved
9390:the original
9380:
9368:. Retrieved
9359:
9350:
9342:
9317:
9290:
9268:
9249:
9237:. Retrieved
9228:
9219:
9207:. Retrieved
9198:
9189:
9169:
9161:
9149:. Retrieved
9142:the original
9129:
9117:. Retrieved
9103:
9092:, retrieved
9083:
9073:
9061:. Retrieved
9031:. Retrieved
9006:
8994:. Retrieved
8973:
8961:. Retrieved
8922:. Retrieved
8913:
8904:
8892:. Retrieved
8878:
8870:
8866:
8856:10 September
8854:. Retrieved
8834:
8827:
8815:. Retrieved
8808:the original
8799:
8783:
8748:
8738:
8726:. Retrieved
8717:
8708:
8689:
8680:
8667:
8648:
8627:. Retrieved
8623:the original
8618:
8609:
8597:. Retrieved
8588:
8578:
8566:. Retrieved
8546:
8539:
8531:
8515:
8506:
8500:
8488:. Retrieved
8468:
8454:
8445:
8436:
8424:. Retrieved
8391:
8387:
8362:. Retrieved
8358:the original
8353:
8312:
8308:
8304:
8300:
8298:
8291:. Retrieved
8271:
8252:
8246:
8229:
8223:
8172:
8168:
8162:
8153:
8147:
8135:
8112:
8106:
8097:
8091:
8085:
8076:
8048:
8042:
8025:
8021:
7995:. Retrieved
7975:
7968:
7958:28 September
7956:. Retrieved
7936:
7929:
7910:
7872:
7851:. Retrieved
7837:
7825:. Retrieved
7810:
7802:the original
7792:
7781:, retrieved
7774:the original
7761:
7730:. Retrieved
7726:the original
7686:
7682:
7672:
7647:
7643:
7633:
7618:
7606:. Retrieved
7602:
7559:
7555:
7545:
7527:
7510:
7504:
7492:. Retrieved
7483:
7474:
7462:. Retrieved
7442:
7425:
7417:
7405:. Retrieved
7396:
7387:
7375:. Retrieved
7364:
7355:
7338:
7165:Burkina Faso
7151:
7142:
7063:Francophonie
7058:Francophobia
7048:Francization
7004:
7000:in English:
6995:
6993:
6988:
6979:
6977:
6974:Example text
6961:
6956:
6954:
6949:
6945:
6941:
6938:vint et doze
6937:
6932:(during the
6927:
6922:
6914:
6911:Aosta Valley
6902:
6894:
6886:
6878:
6853:
6848:
6840:
6836:
6828:
6820:
6806:
6794:
6737:
6731:
6730:such as the
6725:
6720:
6716:
6711:
6707:
6702:
6698:
6693:
6690:
6686:
6683:
6678:
6674:
6665:
6661:Vulgar Latin
6658:
6651:
6645:
6639:
6631:
6625:
6619:
6613:
6606:
6602:
6596:
6589:
6585:
6579:
6572:
6568:
6562:
6555:
6551:
6545:
6536:
6525:
6519:
6513:
6501:
6495:
6489:
6477:
6471:
6465:
6453:
6447:
6441:
6422:Vulgar Latin
6419:
6396:Balto-Slavic
6386:Afro-Asiatic
6294:
6266:
6261:
6255:
6247:
6245:
6240:
6234:
6228:
6223:
6217:
6211:
6206:
6199:active voice
6196:
6160:tu aimerais
6106:
6103:
6051:
5997:tu aimasses
5994:vous aimiez
5907:
5903:
5861:tu eus aimé
5719:vous aimiez
5684:nous aimons
5602:
5585:passé simple
5568:past perfect
5550:futur simple
5514:passé simple
5487:
5478:Indicative (
5473:Finite moods
5440:
5432:French verbs
5419:
5415:
5411:
5407:
5403:
5399:
5395:
5391:
5387:
5383:
5379:
5375:
5371:
5367:
5364:enseignantes
5363:
5359:
5355:
5351:
5347:
5337:
5306:the loss of
5301:
5293:prepositions
5230:
5211:
5208:
5198:
5194:
5190:
5186:
5179:
5175:
5171:
5167:
5166:(you say) /
5163:
5159:
5155:
5151:
5147:
5143:
5139:
5127:
5123:
5119:
5115:
5111:
5107:
5103:
5099:
5091:
5083:
5079:
5075:
5071:
5063:
5057:
5055:
5051:
5047:
5034:
5030:
5026:
5022:
5011:
5007:
5003:
4999:
4995:
4991:
4987:
4979:
4975:
4971:
4967:
4963:
4959:
4952:
4947:(commune in
4941:Pierre Louÿs
4934:
4930:
4926:
4922:
4918:
4901:
4897:
4893:
4890:Aÿ-Champagne
4889:
4879:
4875:
4871:
4864:[ɑ̃]
4856:
4853:
4849:
4845:
4841:
4829:
4826:
4822:
4818:[aɛ]
4811:
4809:
4803:
4801:
4791:
4787:
4772:
4769:
4765:
4761:[ɔɛ]
4754:
4752:
4748:
4744:
4737:
4733:
4729:
4725:
4721:
4717:
4713:
4709:
4705:
4701:
4697:
4687:
4683:
4679:
4675:
4671:
4667:
4663:
4659:
4655:
4643:
4642:and that an
4635:
4629:
4627:
4623:
4619:
4598:
4596:
4592:
4588:
4585:grave accent
4567:
4566:
4562:
4558:
4555:acute accent
4538:
4534:
4530:
4506:
4502:
4498:
4494:
4489:
4485:
4481:
4477:
4473:
4467:
4456:
4452:
4448:
4444:
4440:
4436:
4424:
4420:
4419:so that the
4415:turned into
4412:
4408:
4404:
4400:
4396:
4384:
4380:
4378:
4374:pied-à-terre
4373:
4369:
4365:
4361:
4353:
4349:
4345:
4341:
4335:
4331:
4327:
4323:
4319:
4315:
4311:
4297:
4291:
4290:> French
4287:
4280:
4276:
4275:> French
4272:
4265:
4239:
4227:grave accent
4223:acute accent
4215:Latin script
4212:
4186:
4182:
4174:
4170:
4166:
4162:
4154:
4150:
4146:
4142:
4133:
4129:
4125:
4121:
4117:
4113:
4109:
4105:
4101:
4097:
4091:pied-à-terre
4090:
4082:
4078:
4074:
4070:
4066:
4062:
4058:
4054:
4042:
4038:
4034:
4030:
4026:
4020:
4016:
4009:
4005:
4001:
3997:
3993:
3992:. The final
3989:
3985:
3981:
3977:
3973:
3969:
3965:
3961:
3957:
3953:
3949:
3945:
3941:
3937:
3933:
3929:
3925:
3921:
3914:
3908:
3900:, "country".
3893:
3882:
3851:
3847:
3836:
3832:
3828:
3820:
3782:
3778:
3767:
3745:are present.
3676:
3406:
3405:
3154:Postalveolar
3098:
3087:
3085:
3081:
3070:
3066:
3064:
3013:
2942:
2914:Swiss French
2897:Cajun French
2761:
2750:
2748:
2729:
2720:
2697:
2657:
2625:
2586:French India
2583:
2540:
2505:
2492:Saint Martin
2477:
2458:
2397:Rhode Island
2374:
2288:
2279:
2201:
2190:
2186:Antananarivo
2171:
2154:
2037:Aosta Valley
2034:
2023:
1992:
1978:, which are
1976:East Cantons
1969:
1957:
1954:
1924:Francophonie
1875:
1861:
1855:
1835:Grand Siècle
1832:
1821:
1803:
1786:Aosta Valley
1774:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1720:
1710:
1691:
1687:
1677:
1671:
1666:
1661:complicated
1652:, alongside
1647:
1642:
1638:
1609:langue d'oïl
1603:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1547:Petit Robert
1545:
1543:
1525:Vulgar Latin
1521:Romanization
1518:
1504:
1496:
1473:Vulgar Latin
1467:French is a
1466:
1428:
1400:
1392:Antananarivo
1373:
1369:
1365:Aosta Valley
1334:
1328:
1321:27 countries
1314:
1309:
1284:and by the (
1254:Roman Empire
1250:Vulgar Latin
1199:
1198:
1090:passé simple
1028:Anglo-Norman
995:Francophonie
970:
920:
878:Linguasphere
861:
632:Burkina Faso
600:Saint Martin
529:Aosta Valley
375:27 countries
354:
344:Signed forms
326:Latin script
279:Vulgar Latin
241:
162:Francophonie
91:
77:ISO 639 code
73:}}
67:{{
63:}}
57:{{
53:}}
47:{{
42:
25:
16466:Isle of Man
16401:recognition
16348:Switzerland
16283:Netherlands
16009:Campidanese
15835:Old Catalan
15828:Old Occitan
15565:Old Spanish
15499:Rioplatense
15303:Old Leonese
15131:Cotentinais
15095:Guernésiais
15018:Frenchville
15011:New England
14890:Bourbonnais
14842:Piedmontese
14836:Old Lombard
14728:Bergamasque
14652:Sammarinese
14123:or dialects
14010:Petit nègre
13900:Bourbonnais
13845:Guernésiais
13840:Cotentinais
13719:Frenchville
13681:New England
13612:Seychellois
13469:French Sign
13113:Assiniboine
13002:Bella Coola
12921:Inuinnaqtun
12648:Germanosign
12410:Martiniquan
12176:WikiProject
11991:Immigration
11981:Health care
11843:Agriculture
11795:enforcement
11552:Free France
11521:World War I
11468:Restoration
11455:Late Modern
11325:Middle Ages
11300:Middle Ages
11285:Celtic Gaul
11100:(in French)
11074:Brady Haran
11070:Numberphile
10945:(in French)
10814:Works cited
10741:15 November
10627:22 February
10473:(in French)
10451:(in French)
10429:(in French)
10407:(in French)
10227:18 November
10130:18 November
9657:26 February
9626:18 November
9493:14 November
9428:18 February
9396:22 February
9322:(in French)
9295:(in French)
9273:(in French)
9166:(in French)
8728:24 November
8028:: 201–222.
7997:11 November
7853:21 November
7783:7 September
7689:(1): 4–12.
7484:thelocal.fr
7053:Francophile
6984:in French:
6948:for 80, or
6934:Middle Ages
6772:, 101 from
6764:, 112 from
6717:tiers-lieu
6675:mercatique
6650:from Latin
6630:from Latin
6605:from Latin
6588:from Latin
6574:exstinguere
6571:from Latin
6554:from Latin
6547:rayonnement
6524:from Latin
6500:from Latin
6476:from Latin
6459:fraternalis
6452:from Latin
6174:3rd person
6157:2nd person
6143:j'aimerais
6140:1st person
6087:2nd person
6077:1st person
6017:3rd person
5988:2nd person
5974:j'aie aimé
5959:1st person
5912:Subjonctif
5869:3rd person
5843:tu aimeras
5840:2nd person
5832:j'eus aimé
5811:1st person
5736:3rd person
5722:tu as aimé
5713:vous aimez
5707:2nd person
5678:1st person
5566:), and the
5500:simple past
5412:la dentiste
5408:le dentiste
5360:enseignants
5356:enseignants
5352:enseignante
5319:from Latin
5212:In 1990, a
5174:(of the) /
4906: [
4888:, formerly
4837:[a]
4797:[ɛ]
4286:Old French
4271:Old French
4252:Orthography
4087:set phrases
4041:; some are
3349:Approximant
3071:influential
2664:Francophone
2634:designates
2417:New England
2393:Connecticut
2337:Nova Scotia
2178:Ivory Coast
2007:Biel/Bienne
1833:During the
1753:(algebra),
1741:(alcohol),
1737:(admiral),
1658:case system
1654:Old Occitan
1627:superstrate
1617:langue d'oc
1535:(including
1424:colonialism
1310:Francophone
1156:Aspirated h
1104:Orthography
1074:conjugation
935:instead of
775: [
502:Switzerland
462:Ivory Coast
268:Early forms
146:Switzerland
16518:Categories
16318:San Marino
16278:Montenegro
16258:Luxembourg
16238:Kazakhstan
16141:Azerbaijan
16056:indicates
16014:Logudorese
15547:Philippine
15513:Andalusian
15507:Peninsular
15397:Estremenho
15353:Portuguese
15280:Cantabrian
15113:Law French
15105:Sercquiais
14939:Meridional
14900:Champenois
14895:Burgundian
14706:Tabarchino
14696:Monégasque
14635:Parmigiano
14492:Neapolitan
14465:Manduriano
14432:Florentine
14299:Wallachian
14269:Bukovinian
13998:Old French
13920:Champenois
13905:Burgundian
13869:Sercquiais
13863:Old Norman
13856:Law French
13798:Vietnamese
13758:Meridional
13592:Chagossian
13012:Halkomelem
12825:Athabaskan
12815:Potawatomi
12752:Algonquian
12666:Indo-Aryan
12625:Francosign
12600:Champenois
12572:Limburgish
12562:Brabantian
12471:See also:
12119:Philosophy
12104:Literature
12016:secularism
11812:Parliament
11607:2005 riots
11557:Liberation
11423:Revolution
11290:Roman Gaul
11275:Prehistory
11231:Journalism
11046:Vocabulary
10584:Pei, Mario
10558:Metro News
10258:9 December
9756:17 January
9707:16 October
9593:28 January
9563:17 October
9063:5 February
9033:5 February
8996:5 February
8963:5 February
8767:2014006430
8599:18 October
7603:core.ac.uk
7519:2271059682
7427:Ethnologue
7340:Ethnologue
7315:References
7289:Mozambique
7265:Seychelles
7237:Mauritania
7229:Madagascar
7177:Cape Verde
6930:Old French
6788:, 10 from
6784:, 55 from
6728:dictionary
6699:bloc-notes
6668:Toubon Law
6603:insolation
6569:extinguish
6288:Vocabulary
6280:(VOS) and
6057:Imperatif
5968:j'aimasse
5922:Imparfait
5814:j'aimerai
5716:tu aimais
5693:j'ai aimé
5641:Imparfait
5631:Indicatif
5532:pluperfect
5459:infinitive
5396:enseignant
5390:/la/, and
5368:enseignant
5348:enseignant
5289:word order
5249:adjectives
5235:language.
5048:la cédille
4968:Capharnaüm
4943:(author),
4840:) and the
4616:circumflex
4539:une nympho
4527:Gemination
4521:diphthongs
4517:diacritics
4366:beaux-arts
4233:) and the
4219:circumflex
4149:, such as
4035:les amants
2943:A leading
2887:Lao French
2702:nation of
2622:in Lebanon
2604:See also:
2590:Puducherry
2578:See also:
2527:See also:
2496:Martinique
2484:Guadeloupe
2463:alongside
2443:, such as
2437:Gulf Coast
2182:Libreville
2026:Luxembourg
1958:Under the
1892:department
1872:compulsory
1663:diphthongs
1650:Old French
1600:Old French
1594:Old French
1491:See also:
1477:Old French
1449:, and the
1394:, and the
1388:Libreville
1276:by native
1274:influenced
1123:Circumflex
1079:morphology
657:Mauritania
575:Puducherry
497:Seychelles
472:Madagascar
467:Luxembourg
294:Old French
16456:Gibraltar
16253:Lithuania
16064:varieties
16047:indicate
16004:Sardinian
15961:Triestine
15909:Sursilvan
15820:Mentonasc
15798:Provençal
15747:Auvergnat
15733:Valencian
15689:Mallorcan
15679:Algherese
15654:Occitano-
15601:Navarrese
15589:Aragonese
15525:Castilian
15428:Castilian
15404:Uruguayan
15377:Brazilian
15340:Minderico
15334:/Eonavian
15297:Mirandese
15211:Valdôtain
15197:/Arpitan
15138:Orléanais
15089:Auregnais
15073:Mayennais
15023:Louisiana
14905:Ardennais
14885:Berrichon
14691:Intemelio
14647:Forlivese
14630:Bolognese
14576:Dalmatian
14540:Tarantino
14503:Benevento
14460:Salentino
14420:Sassarese
14384:Gallurese
14367:Romanesco
14320:Dalmatian
14284:Moldavian
14279:Maramureș
14237:Aromanian
14134:varieties
14119:indicate
14101:Valdôtain
14092:/Arpitan
14063:Zarphatic
14004:Orléanais
13890:Berrichon
13829:Auregnais
13704:Cambodian
13686:Québécois
13607:Rodriguan
13597:Mauritian
13564:Grenadian
13559:Dominican
13280:Ukrainian
13215:Cantonese
13080:Kwakʼwala
12979:Tuscarora
12946:Iroquoian
12926:Inuktitut
12898:Tsuutʼina
12848:Chipewyan
12843:Chilcotin
12770:Blackfoot
12765:Algonquin
12461:Guillemet
12440:Wallisian
12354:Provençal
12350:Auvergnat
11976:Education
11930:Transport
11780:Judiciary
11741:Elections
11695:Mountains
11653:Geography
11399:Louis XIV
11189:Overviews
11041:at Verbix
10801:7 January
10771:7 January
10761:ohchr.org
10325:254991244
10279:Bloomberg
10017:France 24
9940:3 October
9821:3 October
9733:France 24
9677:Routledge
9531:fluently.
9522:0362-4331
8775:871965715
8426:7 January
8416:146854174
8408:1614-7308
8199:0097-8507
8177:CiteSeerX
8121:cite book
8115:. Krakow.
7705:2796-0064
7664:0030-9230
7578:2219-8237
7556:Literator
7494:30 August
7241:Mauritius
6955:The term
6813:vigesimal
6721:coworking
6679:marketing
6608:insolatio
6552:radiation
6539:Gallicise
6483:digitalis
6449:fraternel
6440:brother:
6297:loanwords
6273:inversion
6132:Singular
6126:Singular
6069:Singular
5991:tu aimes
5951:Singular
5945:Singular
5939:Singular
5933:Singular
5803:Singular
5797:Singular
5791:Singular
5785:Singular
5728:tu aimas
5710:tu aimes
5687:j'aimais
5670:Singular
5664:Singular
5658:Singular
5652:Singular
5526:imparfait
5481:indicatif
5420:une livre
5239:and most
5233:inflected
4990:(such as
4964:Archélaüs
4694:Diaeresis
4304:graphemes
4242:ligatures
4231:diaeresis
4067:forbidden
4039:vous avez
4027:mandatory
3819:, as in
3792:, dental
3610:unrounded
3487:Close-mid
3442:unrounded
3283:voiceless
3277:Fricative
3214:voiceless
3104:Phonology
3086:In 2011,
2997:Red Cross
2782:Varieties
2681:CFP franc
2482:, namely
2455:Caribbean
2389:Louisiana
1896:Finistère
1884:Occitania
1843:Louis XIV
1529:loanwords
1349:provinces
1137:Phonology
863:Glottolog
847:ISO 639-3
811:ISO 639-2
793:ISO 639-1
781:(Belgium)
662:Mauritius
546:Louisiana
274:Old Latin
16476:Svalbard
16461:Guernsey
16408:Abkhazia
16378:Scotland
16333:Slovenia
16328:Slovakia
16303:Portugal
16161:Bulgaria
15940:Venetian
15914:Vallader
15904:Surmiran
15877:Cadorino
15860:Friulian
15793:Limousin
15762:Béarnese
15724:Western
15706:Northern
15694:Menorcan
15684:Balearic
15675:Eastern
15671:dialects
15530:Castrapo
15487:Peruvian
15458:dialects
15391:European
15359:dialects
15346:Portugis
15327:Galician
15268:Asturian
15206:Savoyard
15158:Poitevin
15126:Cauchois
15100:Jèrriais
14947:Canadian
14826:Varesino
14821:Ticinese
14809:Novarese
14804:Cremunés
14794:Ossolano
14789:Milanese
14777:Lecchese
14745:Brianzöö
14676:Ligurian
14642:Romagnol
14523:Arianese
14518:Irpinian
14513:Cilentan
14477:Pantesco
14472:Sicilian
14443:Southern
14379:Corsican
14355:Macerata
14350:Fabriano
14289:Oltenian
14259:dialects
14219:Southern
14096:Savoyard
14026:Poitevin
13935:Guianese
13850:Jèrriais
13835:Cauchois
13788:Standard
13768:Missouri
13709:Francien
13659:Kinshasa
13432:Ticinese
13210:Mandarin
13065:Ditidaht
13057:Wakashan
13047:Thompson
13042:Squamish
13032:shíshálh
13022:Okanagan
13017:Lillooet
12994:Salishan
12969:Onondaga
12903:Tutchone
12858:Gwichʼin
12554:Germanic
12454:See also
12435:Tahitian
12430:Shimaore
12390:Guianese
12346:Limousin
12305:dialect)
12297:Corsican
12293:dialect)
12166:Category
12099:Language
12011:Religion
11956:Abortion
11910:Taxation
11807:Military
11768:Intersex
11758:Politics
11724:Politics
11526:Interwar
11221:Economic
11216:Language
11201:Timeline
11110:Articles
10914:(2017).
10795:Archived
10765:Archived
10696:Archived
10621:Archived
10586:(1949).
10562:Archived
10504:Archived
10500:BBC News
10479:Archived
10457:Archived
10435:Archived
10413:Archived
10383:Archived
10379:15072817
10329:Archived
10283:Archived
10252:Archived
10221:Archived
10217:BBC News
10167:Archived
10124:Archived
10093:Archived
10050:Archived
10021:Archived
9997:8 August
9991:Archived
9960:Archived
9815:Archived
9795:OIF 2014
9783:OIF 2014
9771:OIF 2014
9750:Archived
9725:Archived
9701:Archived
9651:Archived
9620:Archived
9587:Archived
9557:Archived
9526:Archived
9487:Archived
9454:14 March
9364:Archived
9328:Archived
9301:Archived
9279:Archived
9257:Archived
9233:Archived
9203:Archived
9174:Archived
9113:Archived
9088:archived
9057:Archived
9024:Archived
8990:Archived
8954:Archived
8918:Archived
8914:BBC News
8888:Archived
8850:Archived
8722:Archived
8697:Archived
8593:Archived
8562:Archived
8524:Archived
8490:4 August
8484:Archived
8466:(2008).
8420:Archived
8287:Archived
8169:Language
7991:Archived
7952:Archived
7847:Archived
7821:Archived
7762:Special
7732:23 April
7488:Archived
7464:30 March
7455:Archived
7407:25 March
7401:Archived
7377:19 April
7371:Archived
7205:Djibouti
7193:DR Congo
7173:Cameroon
7011:See also
6952:for 90.
6925:for 80.
6917:huitante
6905:huitante
6881:septante
6803:Numerals
6770:Sanskrit
6712:wingsuit
6653:frigidum
6564:éteindre
6557:radiatio
6531:ocularis
6521:oculaire
6464:finger:
6360:Sanskrit
6338:(15.26%)
6328:(20.65%)
6326:Germanic
6318:(16.83%)
6308:(25.10%)
6201:and the
6118:Présent
6064:Présent
5919:Présent
5699:j'aimai
5638:Présent
5416:un livre
5402:becomes
5382:because
5317:articles
5285:subjects
5241:pronouns
5124:français
4915:Pontoise
4716:): over
4676:hospital
4535:une info
4531:illusion
4513:Digraphs
4457:châteaux
4429:/animos/
4370:les amis
4308:phonemes
4221:accent,
4199:Alphabet
4126:gentille
4051:register
4043:optional
3783:montagne
3625:Open-mid
3524:Open-mid
3144:Alveolar
3050:and the
2738:and the
2620:Rechmaya
2555:Cambodia
2429:Illinois
2425:Missouri
2353:Gatineau
2304:Manitoba
2296:Montreal
2210:Americas
2057:Saarland
2015:Fribourg
1986:—of the
1972:Wallonia
1912:Vergonha
1888:Brittany
1777:Francien
1761:(zero).
1755:alchimie
1713:Crusades
1682:, while
1676:and the
1665:such as
1588:boisseau
1355:and the
1353:Wallonia
1336:de facto
1294:Frankish
1286:Germanic
1270:Francien
1205:français
1113:Alphabet
1060:personal
1056:Pronouns
985:Dialects
963:a series
961:Part of
941:Help:IPA
884:51-AAA-i
870:stan1290
637:Cambodia
432:Djibouti
397:Cameroon
168:Speakers
115:français
16368:England
16358:Ukraine
16308:Romania
16268:Moldova
16226:Ireland
16221:Iceland
16216:Hungary
16206:Germany
16201:Georgia
16191:Finland
16186:Estonia
16181:Denmark
16166:Croatia
16151:Belgium
16146:Belarus
16136:Austria
16131:Armenia
16126:Andorra
16121:Albania
16045:Italics
15946:Chipilo
15889:Romansh
15852:Romance
15850:Rhaeto-
15815:Gardiol
15767:Landese
15757:Aranese
15742:Occitan
15701:Central
15665:Catalan
15656:Romance
15557:Creoles
15552:Saharan
15540:Murcian
15518:Llanito
15475:Chilean
15452:Spanish
15409:Creoles
15383:Mineiro
15365:African
15290:Riberan
15285:Leonese
15250:Iberian
15243:Romance
15170:Walloon
15143:Paydret
15121:Augeron
15061:Vosgien
15056:Gaumais
15051:Lorrain
15043:Creoles
15006:Muskrat
14952:Acadian
14880:Angevin
14870:Langues
14861:Romance
14767:Comasco
14740:Western
14733:Cremish
14723:Eastern
14718:Lombard
14686:Genoese
14681:Brigasc
14625:Emilian
14603:Western
14582:Istriot
14545:Vastese
14530:Molisan
14392:Italian
14328:Central
14274:Crișana
14229:Eastern
14212:Western
14197:Eastern
14117:Italics
14050:Walloon
14044:Tây Bồi
13958:Lorrain
13885:Angevin
13823:Augeron
13773:Muskrat
13746:Laotian
13724:Haitian
13671:Belgian
13654:Abidjan
13648:African
13631:Acadian
13602:Réunion
13587:Agalega
13428:Lombard
13412:Romansh
13407:Italian
13245:Italian
13225:Spanish
13220:Punjabi
13144:Tlingit
13139:Kutenai
13129:Beothuk
13037:Shuswap
13027:Saanich
12984:Wyandot
12931:Inupiaq
12893:Tahltan
12838:Carrier
12800:Naskapi
12790:Miꞌkmaq
12760:Abenaki
12730:English
12615:Walloon
12605:Lorrain
12592:Romance
12582:Yiddish
12445:Xaracuu
12425:Réunion
12415:Nengone
12405:Kibushi
12395:Futunan
12334:Occitan
12301:Dutch (
12287:Catalan
12157:Outline
12139:Theatre
12134:Symbols
12094:Gardens
12084:Fashion
12076:Cuisine
12043:Culture
12033:Welfare
12006:Poverty
11944:Society
11920:Tourism
11880:Exports
11853:Banking
11831:Economy
11790:history
11685:Islands
11680:Borders
11313:Francia
11267:Ancient
11245:Regions
11196:History
11181:History
11084:7 April
11058:Numbers
11028:Grammar
10849:5 April
10702:19 July
10652:, 1984.
10568:21 July
10510:30 July
10335:30 July
10173:20 June
10099:26 July
9966:13 June
9911:7 April
9884:7 April
9869:STSEE.
9851:7 April
9239:2 March
9151:14 June
9119:13 June
8924:21 July
8894:20 June
8629:11 June
8293:10 June
8215:6797972
8207:4489422
7827:20 June
7608:19 June
7305:Mayotte
7301:Réunion
7295:Algeria
7273:Tunisia
7261:Senegal
7245:Morocco
7189:Comoros
7169:Burundi
7159:(OIF):
6964:virgule
6957:octante
6950:nonante
6946:uitante
6889:nonante
6875:Burundi
6855:Belgian
6809:decimal
6766:Persian
6708:ailière
6703:notepad
6694:banking
6687:fantôme
6684:finance
6647:frigide
6591:nucleus
6586:nucleus
6507:fidelis
6488:faith:
6479:digitus
6473:digital
6408:(0.24%)
6398:(1.31%)
6388:(6.45%)
6372:(2.41%)
6362:(2.67%)
6356:Persian
6348:(3.81%)
6336:Romance
6316:Italian
6306:English
6135:Plural
6129:Plural
6082:aimons
6072:Plural
5962:j'aime
5954:Plural
5948:Plural
5942:Plural
5936:Plural
5806:Plural
5800:Plural
5794:Plural
5788:Plural
5681:j'aime
5673:Plural
5667:Plural
5661:Plural
5655:Plural
5554:), the
5542:), the
5530:), the
5518:), the
5498:), the
5495:présent
5490:present
5221:Grammar
5128:plaçons
5110:, thus
5054:(e.g.,
5044:cedilla
5035:Kärcher
5012:j'argüe
4855:Saint-S
4686:became
4680:hôpital
4678:became
4670:became
4595:(e.g.,
4565:(e.g.,
4545:Accents
4476:. When
4453:château
4451:became
4449:castels
4441:chevaux
4425:animaux
4397:animaus
4385:animals
4294:"foot"
4281:digitus
4235:cedilla
4120:(e.g.,
4110:chienne
4047:dialect
4022:liaison
4012:etc.).
3990:estomac
3909:travail
3806:/t/~/d/
3802:/s/~/z/
3798:/ʃ/~/ʒ/
3794:/s/~/z/
3790:/f/~/v/
3757:/p,t,k/
3750:/b,d,ɡ/
3617:rounded
3449:rounded
3429:Central
3149:Palatal
2762:In the
2757:Natixis
2704:Vanuatu
2660:Lebanon
2632:Lebanon
2628:mandate
2600:Lebanon
2559:Tây Bồi
2547:Vietnam
2321:Ontario
2313:Nunavut
2174:Abidjan
2049:Catalan
2045:Andorra
2003:cantons
1999:Romandy
1995:Romansh
1902:in the
1751:algébre
1572:berceau
1533:calques
1500:Arpitan
1457:History
1384:Yaoundé
1376:Abidjan
1361:Romandy
1330:de jure
1252:of the
1244:of the
1240:) is a
1151:Liaison
1146:Elision
1128:Braille
1118:Reforms
1046:Adverbs
1037:Grammar
1004:History
990:Creoles
937:Unicode
835: (
822: (
685:Vietnam
680:Tunisia
667:Morocco
647:Lebanon
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