Knowledge

Veneration

Source šŸ“

832: 876:, the veneration of saints became a very common form of religious celebration early on, and saints came to be defined in the eighth-century as a group of "special people chosen by God and endowed with exceptional gifts, such as the ability to work miracles." The classical Sunni scholars came to recognize and honor these individuals as venerable people who were both "loved by God and developed a close relationship of love to Him." The vast majority of saints venerated in the classical Sunni world were the 848: 355: 27: 339: 932: 923:. As Christopher Taylor has remarked: " a vital dimension of Islamic piety was the veneration of Muslim saintsā€¦. certain strains of thought within the Islamic tradition itself, particularly pronounced in the nineteenth and the twentieth centuries ... Muslims have either resisted acknowledging the existence of Muslim saints altogether or have viewed their presence and veneration as unacceptable deviations." 370: 386: 2111:"The life of these, mainly Sephardi and Oriental (Mizrahi) communities, is marked by an unself-conscious and unquestioning commitment to deeply rooted values, where legalism often yields to common sense, and mystical piety plays an integral part, visible in such practices as veneration of tombs of patriarchs and saints, often associated with pilgrimage." 1419:
while most Sunnis view them as fellow, though possibly misguided, Muslims, Shiites are regarded as infidels by the Saudi religious establishment, which adheres to the ultraconservative and austere variation of Sunni faith known as Wahhabism. Saudi religious leaders see the Shiite veneration of saints
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in classical theology, is the worship and homage that is rightly offered to God alone. It is the manifestation of submission, and acknowledgement of dependence, appropriately shown towards the excellence of an uncreated divine person and to his absolute Lordship. It is the worship of the creator that
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began official church commemoration very early and even in Rome, commemoration is documented in the third century. Over time, the honor also began to be given to those Christians who lived lives of holiness and sanctity. Various denominations venerate and determine saints in different ways, with some
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It is common for some Jews to visit the graves of many righteous Jewish leaders. The tradition is particularly strong among Moroccan Jews, and Jews of Sephardi descent, although also by some Ashkenazi Jews as well. This is particularly true in Israel, where many holy Jewish leaders are buried. The
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The Christian veneration of images is not contrary to the first commandment which proscribes idols. Indeed, "the honor rendered to an image passes to its prototype", and "whoever venerates an image venerates the person portrayed in it". The honor paid to sacred images is a "respectful veneration",
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Historically, schools of theology have used the term "worship" as a general term which included both adoration and veneration. They would distinguish between "worship of adoration" and "worship of veneration". The word "worship" (in a similar way to how the liturgical term "cult" is traditionally
986:, in the cemetery in Queens where he is buried alongside his father-in-law. During his lifetime, Schneerson himself would frequently visit the gravesite (Ohel) of his father-in-law, where he would read letters and written prayers, and then place them on the grave. Today, visitors to the 457:
Religious worship is not directed to images in themselves, considered as mere things, but under their distinctive aspect as images leading us on to God incarnate. The movement toward the image does not terminate in it as image, but tends toward that whose image it
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used) was not synonymous with adoration, but could be used to introduce either adoration or veneration. Hence Catholic sources will sometimes use the term "worship" not to indicate adoration, but only the worship of veneration given to Mary and the saints.
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In Judaism, there is no classical or formal recognition of saints, but there is a long history of reverence shown toward biblical heroes and martyrs. Jews in some regions, for example in Morocco, have a long and widespread tradition of saint veneration.
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also briefly discusses venerating the memory of patriarchs and prophets: "Let us now praise men of renown, and our fathers in their generation" (44:1). "And their names continue for ever, the glory of the holy men remaining unto their children" (44:15)
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include Jews of Orthodox, Reform and Conservative background, as well as non-Jews. Visitors typically recite prayers of psalms and bring with them petitions of prayers written on pieces of paper which are then torn and left on the grave.
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Although frequently characterized as the mystical component of Islam, there are also "Folklorist" Sufis, and the "Traditional" Sufis...Sufism is characterized by the veneration of local saints and by brotherhoods that practice their own
730:'Once while some Israelites were burying a man, suddenly they saw a band of raiders; so they threw the manā€™s body into Elishaā€™s tomb. When the body touched Elishaā€™s bones, the man came to life and stood up on his feet.' (2 Kings 13:21, 1431:
Note: Paul does not actually use the title Saint with any name, but refers to all Christians in general as saints in Romans 15:25. And the New Testament refers to those martyred like Stephen and righteous ones like Simeon in Luke
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In its popular form, Sufism is expressed mainly through the veneration of saints...South Asia is littered with the tombs of those saints. They include great medieval monuments, like the 13th-century shrine of Khwaja
1021:), which constitute more of a renunciation on the part of the believer than a surrender, since the tirthankaras are totally indifferent to the affairs of men and the Jains assume that they are indifferent to them. 737:'God did extraordinary miracles through Paul, so that even handkerchiefs and aprons that had touched him were taken to the sick, and their illnesses were cured and the evil spirits left them.' (Acts 19:11, 12, 467: 433:
in classical theology, is the honor and reverence appropriately due to the excellence of a created person. Excellence exhibited by created beings likewise deserves recognition and honor.
891:, whose various streams regard it as "being both un-Islamic and backwards ... rather than the integral part of Islam which they were for over a millennium." In a manner similar to the 1779: 978:
and that of Maimonides in Tiberius are examples of burial sites that attract large pilgrimages in the Near East. In America, the only such example is the grave site of Rabbi
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was invented for the very purpose of permitting divine honours to be paid to angels and dead men with apparent impunity". Veneration is, therefore, considered a type of
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Veneration of saints eventually became one of the most widespread Sunni practices for more than a millennium, before it was opposed in the twentieth century by the
1610:. Translated by Fathers of the English Dominican Province (2nd ed.). Second Part of the Second Part ā€” Question 103: Dulia: New Advent (published 2017). 1920. 868:, which literally means "Friend "), which has declined in some parts of the Islamic world in the twentieth century due to the influence of the various streams of 1397:. But for every famous grave, there are thousands of roadside shrines, jutting into Delhi's streets, or sprinkled across the craggy deserts of southern Pakistan. 2743: 1801: 603: 618:, veneration of the saints is important element of worship. Most services are closed with the words ā€œMost holy Theotokos, save us!" and would use 264: 1710: 1639: 82:
are shown similar veneration in many religions. Veneration of saints is practiced, formally or informally, by adherents of some branches of all
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have a positive attitude toward the veneration of saints and practice the naming of churches after saints, as well as keeping certain feasts.
1189:"Veneration of saints is a universal phenomenon. All monotheistic and polytheistic creeds contain something of its religious dimension... " 2694: 2191: 684:
can be made, and claims that the practice of veneration distracts the Christian soul from its true object, the worship of God. In his
1015:, they do not intervene in any way in it; they serve only as examples to follow. The latter is manifested in the offering ceremonies ( 2736: 1984: 2034:
Radtke, B., ā€œSaintā€, in: Encyclopaedia of the QurŹ¾Än, General Editor: Jane Dammen McAuliffe, Georgetown University, Washington DC.
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In the Catholic Church, there are many different forms of veneration of saints, such as a pilgrimage to a grave (e.g. those of
1380:"Of saints and sinners: The Islam of the Taliban is far removed from the popular Sufism practiced by most South Asian Muslims" 223:. Those who have reached enlightenment, and have delayed their own complete enlightenment in order to help others, are called 2460: 2278: 1339: 1306: 1272: 1202: 410: 2729: 2377: 686: 602:, and before the priest's entrance to the chancel. The name of the Blessed Virgin Mary has also been probably used for the 473:
Now, the Roman Catholic tradition has a well established philosophy for the veneration of the Virgin Mary via the field of
2864: 987: 781:, and many others, in post-Biblical times. Such miraculous events are seen as divine favor for the veneration of relics. 227:. Mahayana Buddhism has formal liturgical practices for venerating saints, along with very specific levels of sainthood. 3478: 2587: 2257: 2145: 539: 172:
and teachers of sanctity, both living and dead. Branches of Buddhism include formal liturgical worship of saints, with
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procedures. In the Catholic and Orthodox Churches, veneration is shown outwardly by respectfully bowing or making the
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to venerate the saint of the day. This practice of venerating saints both through praise and by means of their
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For the doctrine of the Roman Catholic Church, in addition to the dogma of her Divine Motherhood, the
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having a formal canonization or glorification process. It is also the first step to becoming a saint.
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don't countenance the veneration of saints per se, veneration and pilgrimage to burial sites of holy
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mentioned saints by name in his writings. Icons depicting saints were created in the catacombs. The
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first being given special honor. Official commemoration of saints in churches began as early as the
3392: 2626: 2592: 1794:"Our Lady Mary, Mother of God, mediator for all grace and advocate for all the devotees before God" 639: 2177: 2909: 2768: 2633: 2602: 2561: 2474: 2445: 983: 778: 615: 114: 2164: 1756:"Divine Maternity Dogma." Father Denis Vincent Wiseman, O.P., July 19, 2002. Accessed 6-3-2021. 493: 3612: 3049: 2689: 2515: 2505: 2365: 2095:"....the veneration of, and pilgrimages to, saints were part of an ancient Jewish tradition." 1035: 1030: 963: 935: 892: 591: 555: 154: 1581: 1549: 1500: 1473: 1361: 1296: 1262: 1237: 3736: 3596: 2773: 2669: 2310: 2160: 2122: 1942: 1915: 1863: 1757: 1329: 1192: 1040: 651: 535: 500: 311: 1773: 3590: 3252: 3054: 2884: 2479: 2450: 2332: 575: 57: 8: 3044: 2674: 2510: 2495: 2428: 2370: 2252:(Revised . ed.). : Center for Torah Demographics. 2007. pp. 81, 103, 110, 111. 2224: 1174:(in Tajik). Vol. Sainthood (Second ed.). Macmillan Reference USA. p. 8033. 1121: 655: 567: 528: 1420:
and shrines, celebration of the prophet Muhammad's birthday and other rituals as sinful.
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Publisherā€™s Notice in the Second Italian Edition (1986), reprinted in English Edition,
516: 31: 680:. Protestant theology usually denies that any real distinction between veneration and 3630: 3568: 3322: 3307: 2974: 2664: 2413: 2253: 2141: 2115: 1948: 1921: 1741: 1615: 1587: 1555: 1506: 1479: 1390: 1335: 1302: 1268: 1198: 1045: 955: 413:, the English word "worship" has been associated with both veneration and adoration: 402: 295: 173: 134: 179:
In Islam, veneration of saints is practiced by some of the adherents of traditional
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Hinduism has a long tradition of veneration of saints, expressed toward various
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by Luther and some Protestants. However, some Protestant streams, particularly
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to sites associated with saints. In general, veneration is not practiced by
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ON THE INVOCATION, VENERATION, AND RELICS, OF SAlNTS, AND ON SACRED IMAGES.
1607: 1060: 1055: 769:, and others, give accounts of miracles that occurred at the graves of St. 673: 504: 126: 87: 3647: 2249:
Identifying Chabad: what they teach and how they influence the Torah world
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The Oxford Dictionary of Christian Art and Architecture, Second Edition
1007:) and are, therefore, teachers who taught the Jain path. Away from the 677: 599: 531:
ability to Jesus Christ God about the believers' intentions of prayer.
236: 157:, as many Protestants believe the practice amounts to idolatry. Common 146: 2721: 2317: 354: 3721: 3691: 3533: 3508: 3503: 3417: 3412: 3362: 3337: 3332: 3227: 3187: 3182: 3132: 3127: 3004: 2889: 2829: 2824: 2789: 2568: 1104: 975: 789:
Hinduism has a longstanding and living tradition of reverence toward
762: 714:, allow the veneration of saints in a manner similar to Catholicism. 703: 668:
churches, veneration is sometimes considered to amount to the sin of
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Friends of God: Islamic Images of Piety, Commitment, and Servanthood
2016:
Friends of God: Islamic Images of Piety, Commitment, and Servanthood
513:(before, during, and after the birth of Jesus, until her Assumption) 338: 26: 3766: 3741: 3543: 3523: 3463: 3422: 3282: 3267: 3192: 3157: 3152: 3112: 3039: 3029: 2979: 2879: 1841: 1003:, which are beings who have achieved transcendence and liberation ( 916: 896: 869: 852: 669: 478: 362: 208: 113:
Within Christianity, veneration is practiced by groups such as the
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The special graces accorded by God to Mary motivated her title of
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Tom Devonshire Jones; Linda Murray; Peter Murray, eds. (2013).
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for the veneration given to angels, saints, relics and icons.
70:, a person who has been identified as having a high degree of 3751: 3711: 3659: 3642: 3601: 3468: 3437: 3397: 3352: 3177: 3167: 3024: 2919: 2914: 2839: 2809: 2418: 2349: 1394: 1108: 1075: 900: 862:
has had a rich history of veneration of saints (often called
859: 840: 814: 806: 347: 142: 99: 79: 67: 2002:
Cybelle Shattuck, Hinduism (London: Routledge, 1999), p. 61.
326:, only given in a greater degree; both remain distinct from 3746: 3731: 3432: 3232: 3222: 3212: 3084: 3034: 2899: 2849: 1444: 1111: 908: 904: 877: 864: 826: 627: 394: 378: 247:
Veneration towards those who were considered holy began in
232: 184: 169: 138: 19:"Veneration of saints" redirects here. For other uses, see 2121:. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. p.  1758:
https://udayton.edu/imri/mary/d/divine-maternity-dogma.php
1547: 3069: 2894: 2192:"Lubavitchers Mark 10 Years Since Death of Revered Rabbi" 2018:(Berkeley: University of California Press, 2008); Idem., 738: 731: 2020:
Tales of God Friends: Islamic Hagiography in Translation
369: 365:, Spain (veneration of a place associated with a saint). 2984: 1456:(Third ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 513. 385: 2101:. New York: Holmes & Meier Publishers. p. 42. 1331:
The Oxford Dictionary of Saints, Fifth Edition Revised
1242:. Taylor & Francis. p. 367. GGKEY:ZSKE259PDZ9 1393:, founder of South Asia's pre-eminent Sufi order, in 1538: 1536: 1667:
Catechism of the Catholic Church - Paragraph # 2132
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one of the four orthodox legal schools of Sunni law
2266: 2136:David M. Gitlitz & Linda Kay Davidson (2005). 2114: 1334:. Oxford Quick Reference. OUP Oxford. p. 17. 405:, veneration is a type of honor distinct from the 276:Christian theologians have long adopted the terms 2030: 2028: 2010: 2008: 1533: 694:writes that "(t)he distinction of what is called 3789: 2047:(Berkeley: University of California Press, 2008) 2022:(Berkeley: University of California Press, 2009) 1551:The Westminster Dictionary of Christian Theology 1451: 1435: 1411:"Saudi Shiites Take Hope From Changes Next Door" 1321: 1190: 805:popularized devotion to saintly figures such as 726:of saints, two verses are frequently mentioned: 271: 2025: 2005: 1775:Holy Qurbana Kramam: Malankara Orthodox Church 598:is pronounced as a prefatory prayer after the 282:for the type of worship due to God alone, and 2737: 2333: 2073:(London: Oneworld Publications, 2015), p. 254 2060:(New York: Infobase Publishing, 2009), p. 600 1990:A Complete Catechism of the Catholic Religion 1985:"Chap. II. The Ten Commandments of God"  1454:The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church 1452:Cross, F.L.; Livingstone, E.A., eds. (1997). 1185: 1183: 1181: 1169: 880:, who were all Sunni mystics who belonged to 397:, Italy (veneration of the relic of a saint). 1740:(English Edition). Kolbe's Publication Inc. 1554:. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 114. 1288: 1260: 1235: 1197:. Wayne State University Press. p. 13. 492:") was the subject of three other different 381:, Peru (veneration of the image of a saint). 350:, Italy (veneration of the tomb of a saint). 2240: 1944:Blasphemy in the Christian World: A History 1548:Alan Richardson; John Bowden, eds. (1983). 1231: 1229: 1227: 1225: 1223: 1221: 1115: 895:, the specific traditional practices which 562:(Turkey). Veneration of images and relics; 211:, those who have achieved a high degree of 2744: 2730: 2340: 2326: 2165:"Rebbe to the city and Rebbe to the world" 1878:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 1408: 1194:Saint Veneration Among the Jews in Morocco 1178: 2277:sfn error: no target: CITEREFFlĆ¼gel2010 ( 2189: 1913: 1858: 1634: 1165: 1163: 1161: 1159: 1157: 1155: 1153: 1151: 817:as models showing the way to liberation. 2217: 2112: 2105: 1768: 1608:"The Summa Theologiae of Thomas Aquinas" 1478:. Oxford University Press. p. 475. 1267:. Marshall Cavendish. pp. 294ā€“295. 1218: 930: 846: 830: 421:explained, adoration, which is known as 384: 368: 353: 337: 25: 2751: 2347: 1978: 1642:. Mother of all peoples. Archived from 1498: 1254: 468:The Honour and Invocation of the Saints 3790: 2272: 2096: 2089: 1917:Eastern Orthodoxy Through Western Eyes 1782:from the original on January 16, 2019. 1579: 1327: 1148: 606:, above the name of all other saints. 2725: 2321: 2211: 1804:from the original on January 16, 2019 1172:Thomson Gale Encyclopedia of Religion 958:is an ancient part of the tradition. 585: 411:Franciscan University of Steubenville 125:, all of which have varying types of 1940: 687:Institutes of the Christian Religion 609: 477:with Pontifical schools such as the 2183: 2178:"Cory Booker the Spiritual Senator" 1798:St. Baselios Indian Orthodox Church 1529:. New Advent Catholic Encyclopedia. 527:of all graces to the humanity, her 481:specifically devoted to this task. 452:not the adoration due to God alone: 13: 3479:Eutheism, dystheism, and maltheism 2588:Dicastery for the Causes of Saints 1914:Fairbairn, Donald (January 2002). 1583:Evangelical Dictionary of Theology 1298:Introduction to Christian Theology 1294: 407:true worship (veritable adoration) 322:is the same type of veneration as 176:classifying degrees of sainthood. 14: 3829: 2298:Roman Catholic teaching from the 2289: 2190:Kilgannon, Corey (20 June 2004). 1941:Nash, David (16 September 2010). 1691:. Mariologicalsocietyofamerica.us 1689:"Mariological Society of America" 1261:Florian Pohl (1 September 2010). 1107:, "to venerate" derives from the 302:theologies also include the term 2218:Horowitz, Craig (19 June 1995). 2084:In the Vicinity of the Righteous 1499:Casiday, Augustine, ed. (2012). 645: 444:Catechism of the Catholic Church 2170: 2154: 2129: 2076: 2063: 2050: 2037: 1996: 1972: 1961: 1934: 1920:. Westminster John Knox Press. 1907: 1886: 1852: 1834: 1824:"MOST HOLY THEOTOKOS, SAVE US!" 1816: 1786: 1762: 1750: 1719: 1702: 1681: 1658: 1628: 1600: 1586:. Baker Academic. p. 594. 1580:Elwell, Walter A., ed. (2001). 1568: 1519: 1492: 1460: 1425: 1402: 1301:. Fortress Press. p. 308. 1131: 391:Saint Jean-Baptiste de La Salle 242: 2086:(Leiden: Brill, 1999), pp. 5-6 1968:Oremus: Ecclesiasticus 44:1-10 1372: 1354: 1098: 999:In Jainism, it recognizes the 672:, and the related practice of 466:, a more lengthy statement on 333: 203:In major Buddhist traditions, 1: 3808:Eastern Orthodox spirituality 2140:. Praeger. pp. 118ā€“120. 1141: 899:has tried to curtail in both 660:Calendar of saints (Lutheran) 638:, and was the subject of the 519:(in body and soul to Heaven). 272:Latria, dulia, and hyperdulia 1778:. Diaz Xavier. p. 275. 1502:The Orthodox Christian World 580:Reliquary of the Three Kings 265:Orthodox Church of Byzantium 145:, or statue, or by going on 7: 2113:De Lange, Nicholas (2000). 1640:"What Is Devotion to Mary?" 1170:Lindsay Jones, ed. (2005). 1024: 795:mahatmas (ascended masters) 784: 552:Cave of Santo Hermano Pedro 359:Cave of Santo Hermano Pedro 198: 66:, is the act of honoring a 58: 21:Veneration (disambiguation) 10: 3834: 2695:Women of the patristic age 2117:An Introduction to Judaism 1505:. Routledge. p. 450. 1120:, meaning 'to regard with 994: 980:Menachem Mendel Schneerson 926: 917:seeking their intercession 907:contexts include those of 837:Jalal ad-Din Muhammad Rumi 824: 756: 649: 314:. The Catholic theologian 191:etc., abhor the practice. 18: 3682: 3582: 3446: 3093: 2782: 2759: 2710: 2642: 2577: 2488: 2401: 2378:Eastern Orthodox calendar 2356: 2069:See Jonathan A.C. Brown, 1713:December 2, 2007, at the 1409:Kim Murphy (2003-05-08). 1191:Issachar Ben-Ami (1998). 676:amounts to the heresy of 231:venerate especially holy 123:Eastern Catholic Churches 54: 2593:Candidates for sainthood 2097:Sharot, Stephen (1976). 1620:: CS1 maint: location ( 1091: 909:the veneration of saints 820: 717: 640:Second Council of Nicaea 604:sanctification of altars 594:liturgical service, the 2769:Outline of spirituality 2685:Early Christian writers 2634:Equivalent canonization 2475:Saints in Protestantism 2470:Symbology of the Saints 2163:, Editorial, 07/08/14. 2138:Pilgrimage and the Jews 1264:Modern Muslim Societies 1009:evolution of the cosmos 722:In terms of venerating 616:Eastern Orthodox Church 308:the types of veneration 115:Eastern Orthodox Church 16:Act of honoring a saint 3613:The Cloud of Unknowing 2366:General Roman Calendar 1527:"Veneration of Images" 1116: 1036:Intercession of saints 1031:Veneration of the dead 964:Cave of the Patriarchs 943: 936:Cave of the Patriarchs 893:Protestant Reformation 856: 844: 743: 592:Syriac Orthodox Church 556:Cave of the Apocalypse 544:Santiago de Compostela 540:Saint Anthony of Padua 460: 454: 439: 398: 382: 366: 351: 46: 35: 3803:Christian terminology 3798:Catholic spirituality 3597:Akilattirattu Ammanai 2774:Category:Spirituality 2670:Saints in Anglicanism 2311:Catholic Encyclopedia 2161:The New York Observer 2058:Encyclopedia of Islam 1842:"Lives of the Saints" 1638:(November 24, 2006). 1576:Images, Veneration of 1386:. December 18, 2008. 1239:Sociology of Religion 1236:Werner Stark (1966). 1041:Mary, mother of Jesus 934: 921:honoring their relics 913:visiting their graves 850: 834: 728: 652:Saints in Anglicanism 501:Immaculate Conception 455: 449: 429:Veneration, known as 426:God alone deserves. 415: 388: 372: 357: 341: 310:specifically paid to 221:path to enlightenment 32:St Conrad of Piacenza 29: 3591:A Course in Miracles 3055:Spiritual possession 2885:Ethic of reciprocity 2480:Levitation of saints 2099:Judaism: A Sociology 2082:Christopher Taylor, 2056:Juan Eduardo Campo, 64:veneration of saints 3813:Religious practices 3045:Spiritual evolution 2975:Planes of existence 2753:Modern spirituality 2675:Saints in Methodism 2511:Prayer for the dead 2496:Communion of saints 2371:Tridentine calendar 2071:Misquoting Muhammad 1894:"Book I Chapter 12" 1830:. 2 September 2003. 1735:in the Writings of 1544:Communion of Saints 1328:Farmer, D. (2011). 988:grave of Schneerson 855:, southern Morocco. 799:godmen and godwomen 656:Saints in Methodism 572:Saint Jude Thaddaeu 568:Virgin of Guadalupe 511:Perpetual virginity 155:Jehovah's Witnesses 30:Veneration in Noto 2383:Anglican calendars 2358:Calendar of saints 2197:The New York Times 944: 857: 845: 630:is defended in St 586:Oriental Orthodoxy 507:, by grace of God) 399: 383: 373:Procession of the 367: 352: 249:early Christianity 215:are recognized as 36: 3785: 3784: 3631:Guru Granth Sahib 3569:Transcendentalism 3423:Wearing vestments 3308:Religious ecstasy 3133:Bearing testimony 2719: 2718: 2665:Roman Martyrology 2414:Equal-to-apostles 2393:Lutheran calendar 2176:Shmuley Boteach, 2014:See John Renard, 1729:, O.S.M. (1989). 1415:Los Angeles Times 1341:978-0-19-103673-6 1308:978-1-4514-0446-3 1274:978-0-7614-7927-7 1204:978-0-8143-2198-0 1046:Muhammad in Islam 952:Organized Judaism 610:Eastern Orthodoxy 441:According to the 229:Tibetan Buddhists 174:Mahayana Buddhism 137:before a saint's 135:sign of the cross 3825: 3666:The Urantia Book 3358:Self-realization 3138:Being born again 3118:Ancestor worship 2746: 2739: 2732: 2723: 2722: 2342: 2335: 2328: 2319: 2318: 2300:Council of Trent 2283: 2282: 2270: 2264: 2263: 2244: 2238: 2237: 2235: 2233: 2215: 2209: 2208: 2206: 2204: 2187: 2181: 2174: 2168: 2158: 2152: 2151: 2133: 2127: 2126: 2120: 2109: 2103: 2102: 2093: 2087: 2080: 2074: 2067: 2061: 2054: 2048: 2041: 2035: 2032: 2023: 2012: 2003: 2000: 1994: 1993: 1987: 1976: 1970: 1965: 1959: 1958: 1938: 1932: 1931: 1911: 1905: 1904: 1902: 1901: 1890: 1884: 1883: 1877: 1869: 1856: 1850: 1849: 1838: 1832: 1831: 1820: 1814: 1813: 1811: 1809: 1790: 1784: 1783: 1766: 1760: 1754: 1748: 1727:Gabriel Roschini 1723: 1717: 1706: 1700: 1699: 1697: 1696: 1685: 1679: 1678: 1676: 1674: 1662: 1656: 1655: 1653: 1651: 1632: 1626: 1625: 1619: 1611: 1604: 1598: 1597: 1572: 1566: 1565: 1540: 1531: 1530: 1523: 1517: 1516: 1496: 1490: 1489: 1464: 1458: 1457: 1442: 1433: 1429: 1423: 1422: 1406: 1400: 1399: 1391:Moinuddin Chisti 1376: 1370: 1369: 1358: 1352: 1351: 1349: 1348: 1325: 1319: 1318: 1316: 1315: 1292: 1286: 1285: 1283: 1281: 1258: 1252: 1251: 1249: 1247: 1233: 1216: 1215: 1213: 1211: 1187: 1176: 1175: 1167: 1135: 1129: 1119: 1102: 803:Bhakti movements 747:deuterocanonical 582:(Germany), etc. 564:Lord of Miracles 560:Aya Tekla Church 558:(Greece) or the 503:(absence of the 375:Lord of Miracles 300:Eastern Orthodox 61: 56: 3833: 3832: 3828: 3827: 3826: 3824: 3823: 3822: 3788: 3787: 3786: 3781: 3678: 3626:Hindu scripture 3578: 3442: 3313:Religious music 3089: 2935:Meaning of life 2795:Akashic Records 2778: 2755: 2750: 2720: 2715: 2706: 2638: 2573: 2552:Passion bearers 2484: 2424:Catacomb saints 2397: 2388:Coptic calendar 2352: 2346: 2292: 2287: 2286: 2276: 2271: 2267: 2260: 2246: 2245: 2241: 2231: 2229: 2220:"Beyond Belief" 2216: 2212: 2202: 2200: 2188: 2184: 2175: 2171: 2159: 2155: 2148: 2134: 2130: 2110: 2106: 2094: 2090: 2081: 2077: 2068: 2064: 2055: 2051: 2042: 2038: 2033: 2026: 2013: 2006: 2001: 1997: 1980:Deharbe, Joseph 1977: 1973: 1966: 1962: 1955: 1939: 1935: 1928: 1912: 1908: 1899: 1897: 1892: 1891: 1887: 1871: 1870: 1860:Damascene, John 1857: 1853: 1840: 1839: 1835: 1822: 1821: 1817: 1807: 1805: 1792: 1791: 1787: 1767: 1763: 1755: 1751: 1724: 1720: 1715:Wayback Machine 1707: 1703: 1694: 1692: 1687: 1686: 1682: 1672: 1670: 1664: 1663: 1659: 1649: 1647: 1646:on June 6, 2018 1636:Miravalle, Mark 1633: 1629: 1613: 1612: 1606: 1605: 1601: 1594: 1573: 1569: 1562: 1541: 1534: 1525: 1524: 1520: 1513: 1497: 1493: 1486: 1465: 1461: 1443: 1436: 1430: 1426: 1407: 1403: 1378: 1377: 1373: 1360: 1359: 1355: 1346: 1344: 1342: 1326: 1322: 1313: 1311: 1309: 1293: 1289: 1279: 1277: 1275: 1259: 1255: 1245: 1243: 1234: 1219: 1209: 1207: 1205: 1188: 1179: 1168: 1149: 1144: 1139: 1138: 1132: 1103: 1099: 1094: 1027: 997: 929: 889:Salafi movement 829: 823: 787: 759: 720: 662: 648: 612: 588: 464:Roman Catechism 336: 318:specifies that 274: 245: 201: 84:major religions 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3831: 3821: 3820: 3815: 3810: 3805: 3800: 3783: 3782: 3780: 3779: 3774: 3769: 3764: 3759: 3754: 3749: 3744: 3739: 3734: 3729: 3724: 3719: 3714: 3709: 3704: 3699: 3694: 3688: 3686: 3680: 3679: 3677: 3676: 3669: 3662: 3657: 3650: 3645: 3640: 3633: 3628: 3623: 3616: 3609: 3607:Book of Mormon 3604: 3599: 3594: 3586: 3584: 3580: 3579: 3577: 3576: 3571: 3566: 3561: 3556: 3551: 3546: 3541: 3536: 3531: 3526: 3521: 3516: 3511: 3506: 3501: 3496: 3491: 3486: 3481: 3476: 3471: 3466: 3461: 3456: 3450: 3448: 3447:Belief systems 3444: 3443: 3441: 3440: 3435: 3430: 3425: 3420: 3415: 3410: 3405: 3400: 3395: 3390: 3385: 3380: 3375: 3370: 3365: 3360: 3355: 3350: 3345: 3340: 3335: 3330: 3325: 3320: 3315: 3310: 3305: 3300: 3295: 3290: 3285: 3280: 3275: 3270: 3265: 3260: 3255: 3250: 3245: 3240: 3235: 3230: 3225: 3220: 3215: 3210: 3205: 3200: 3195: 3190: 3185: 3180: 3175: 3170: 3165: 3160: 3155: 3150: 3145: 3140: 3135: 3130: 3125: 3120: 3115: 3110: 3105: 3099: 3097: 3091: 3090: 3088: 3087: 3082: 3077: 3072: 3067: 3062: 3057: 3052: 3047: 3042: 3037: 3032: 3027: 3022: 3017: 3012: 3007: 3002: 2997: 2992: 2987: 2982: 2977: 2972: 2970:Parapsychology 2967: 2962: 2957: 2952: 2947: 2942: 2937: 2932: 2930:Lataif-e-sitta 2927: 2922: 2917: 2912: 2907: 2902: 2897: 2892: 2887: 2882: 2877: 2875:Eternal return 2872: 2867: 2862: 2857: 2852: 2847: 2842: 2837: 2835:Creation myths 2832: 2827: 2822: 2817: 2812: 2807: 2802: 2797: 2792: 2786: 2784: 2780: 2779: 2777: 2776: 2771: 2766: 2760: 2757: 2756: 2749: 2748: 2741: 2734: 2726: 2717: 2716: 2711: 2708: 2707: 2705: 2704: 2699: 2698: 2697: 2692: 2690:Church Fathers 2687: 2677: 2672: 2667: 2662: 2657: 2652: 2646: 2644: 2643:Related topics 2640: 2639: 2637: 2636: 2631: 2630: 2629: 2619: 2618: 2617: 2607: 2606: 2605: 2598:Servant of God 2595: 2590: 2584: 2582: 2575: 2574: 2572: 2571: 2566: 2565: 2564: 2554: 2549: 2548: 2547: 2546: 2545: 2535: 2525: 2524: 2523: 2513: 2508: 2503: 2498: 2492: 2490: 2486: 2485: 2483: 2482: 2477: 2472: 2467: 2466: 2465: 2464: 2463: 2453: 2448: 2441:List of saints 2438: 2433: 2432: 2431: 2426: 2416: 2411: 2405: 2403: 2399: 2398: 2396: 2395: 2390: 2385: 2380: 2375: 2374: 2373: 2362: 2360: 2354: 2353: 2345: 2344: 2337: 2330: 2322: 2316: 2315: 2303: 2291: 2290:External links 2288: 2285: 2284: 2265: 2259:978-1411642416 2258: 2239: 2210: 2182: 2169: 2153: 2147:978-0275987633 2146: 2128: 2104: 2088: 2075: 2062: 2049: 2036: 2024: 2004: 1995: 1971: 1960: 1953: 1947:. OUP Oxford. 1933: 1926: 1906: 1896:. Reformed.org 1885: 1865:On Holy Images 1851: 1833: 1815: 1785: 1761: 1749: 1737:Maria Valtorta 1718: 1701: 1680: 1657: 1627: 1599: 1592: 1567: 1560: 1532: 1518: 1511: 1491: 1484: 1459: 1434: 1424: 1401: 1371: 1353: 1340: 1320: 1307: 1287: 1273: 1253: 1217: 1203: 1177: 1146: 1145: 1143: 1140: 1137: 1136: 1130: 1105:Etymologically 1096: 1095: 1093: 1090: 1089: 1088: 1083: 1078: 1073: 1068: 1063: 1058: 1053: 1048: 1043: 1038: 1033: 1026: 1023: 996: 993: 956:Jewish leaders 928: 925: 825:Main article: 822: 819: 791:sants (saints) 786: 783: 758: 755: 750:Book of Sirach 719: 716: 647: 644: 636:On Holy Images 632:John Damascene 611: 608: 587: 584: 548:Holy Sepulchre 521: 520: 514: 508: 470:is available. 419:Thomas Aquinas 335: 332: 316:Thomas Aquinas 273: 270: 244: 241: 235:, such as the 200: 197: 119:Roman Catholic 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3830: 3819: 3816: 3814: 3811: 3809: 3806: 3804: 3801: 3799: 3796: 3795: 3793: 3778: 3775: 3773: 3772:Seven virtues 3770: 3768: 3765: 3763: 3762:Moral courage 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3369: 3368:Simple living 3366: 3364: 3361: 3359: 3356: 3354: 3351: 3349: 3346: 3344: 3341: 3339: 3336: 3334: 3331: 3329: 3326: 3324: 3321: 3319: 3316: 3314: 3311: 3309: 3306: 3304: 3301: 3299: 3296: 3294: 3291: 3289: 3286: 3284: 3281: 3279: 3276: 3274: 3273:Nonresistance 3271: 3269: 3266: 3264: 3261: 3259: 3256: 3254: 3251: 3249: 3246: 3244: 3241: 3239: 3236: 3234: 3233:Koan practice 3231: 3229: 3226: 3224: 3221: 3219: 3216: 3214: 3211: 3209: 3206: 3204: 3201: 3199: 3198:Faith healing 3196: 3194: 3191: 3189: 3186: 3184: 3181: 3179: 3176: 3174: 3173:Contemplation 3171: 3169: 3166: 3164: 3161: 3159: 3156: 3154: 3151: 3149: 3146: 3144: 3141: 3139: 3136: 3134: 3131: 3129: 3126: 3124: 3121: 3119: 3116: 3114: 3111: 3109: 3106: 3104: 3101: 3100: 3098: 3096: 3092: 3086: 3083: 3081: 3078: 3076: 3073: 3071: 3068: 3066: 3065:Synchronicity 3063: 3061: 3058: 3056: 3053: 3051: 3048: 3046: 3043: 3041: 3038: 3036: 3033: 3031: 3028: 3026: 3023: 3021: 3018: 3016: 3013: 3011: 3008: 3006: 3003: 3001: 2998: 2996: 2995:Reincarnation 2993: 2991: 2988: 2986: 2983: 2981: 2978: 2976: 2973: 2971: 2968: 2966: 2963: 2961: 2958: 2956: 2953: 2951: 2948: 2946: 2943: 2941: 2938: 2936: 2933: 2931: 2928: 2926: 2923: 2921: 2918: 2916: 2913: 2911: 2908: 2906: 2903: 2901: 2898: 2896: 2893: 2891: 2888: 2886: 2883: 2881: 2878: 2876: 2873: 2871: 2868: 2866: 2863: 2861: 2860:Enlightenment 2858: 2856: 2853: 2851: 2848: 2846: 2843: 2841: 2838: 2836: 2833: 2831: 2828: 2826: 2823: 2821: 2820:Consciousness 2818: 2816: 2813: 2811: 2808: 2806: 2803: 2801: 2798: 2796: 2793: 2791: 2788: 2787: 2785: 2781: 2775: 2772: 2770: 2767: 2765: 2762: 2761: 2758: 2754: 2747: 2742: 2740: 2735: 2733: 2728: 2727: 2724: 2714: 2713:Saints portal 2709: 2703: 2700: 2696: 2693: 2691: 2688: 2686: 2683: 2682: 2681: 2678: 2676: 2673: 2671: 2668: 2666: 2663: 2661: 2658: 2656: 2653: 2651: 2648: 2647: 2645: 2641: 2635: 2632: 2628: 2625: 2624: 2623: 2622:Beatification 2620: 2616: 2613: 2612: 2611: 2610:The Venerable 2608: 2604: 2601: 2600: 2599: 2596: 2594: 2591: 2589: 2586: 2585: 2583: 2580: 2576: 2570: 2567: 2563: 2560: 2559: 2558: 2555: 2553: 2550: 2544: 2541: 2540: 2539: 2536: 2534: 2531: 2530: 2529: 2526: 2522: 2519: 2518: 2517: 2514: 2512: 2509: 2507: 2504: 2502: 2499: 2497: 2494: 2493: 2491: 2487: 2481: 2478: 2476: 2473: 2471: 2468: 2462: 2459: 2458: 2457: 2454: 2452: 2449: 2447: 2444: 2443: 2442: 2439: 2437: 2434: 2430: 2427: 2425: 2422: 2421: 2420: 2417: 2415: 2412: 2410: 2407: 2406: 2404: 2400: 2394: 2391: 2389: 2386: 2384: 2381: 2379: 2376: 2372: 2369: 2368: 2367: 2364: 2363: 2361: 2359: 2355: 2351: 2348:Topics about 2343: 2338: 2336: 2331: 2329: 2324: 2323: 2320: 2313: 2312: 2307: 2304: 2301: 2297: 2294: 2293: 2280: 2274: 2269: 2261: 2255: 2251: 2250: 2243: 2227: 2226: 2221: 2214: 2199: 2198: 2193: 2186: 2179: 2173: 2166: 2162: 2157: 2149: 2143: 2139: 2132: 2124: 2119: 2118: 2108: 2100: 2092: 2085: 2079: 2072: 2066: 2059: 2053: 2046: 2043:John Renard, 2040: 2031: 2029: 2021: 2017: 2011: 2009: 1999: 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Malankara. 1799: 1795: 1789: 1781: 1777: 1776: 1771: 1765: 1759: 1753: 1747: 1746:2-920285-08-4 1743: 1739: 1738: 1734: 1728: 1722: 1716: 1712: 1709: 1705: 1690: 1684: 1669: 1668: 1661: 1645: 1641: 1637: 1631: 1623: 1617: 1609: 1603: 1595: 1593:9780801020759 1589: 1585: 1584: 1577: 1571: 1563: 1561:9780664227487 1557: 1553: 1552: 1545: 1539: 1537: 1528: 1522: 1514: 1512:9780415455169 1508: 1504: 1503: 1495: 1487: 1485:9780199680276 1481: 1477: 1476: 1469: 1463: 1455: 1449: 1446: 1441: 1439: 1428: 1421: 1416: 1412: 1405: 1398: 1396: 1392: 1385: 1384:The Economist 1381: 1375: 1368: 1363: 1357: 1343: 1337: 1333: 1332: 1324: 1310: 1304: 1300: 1299: 1291: 1276: 1270: 1266: 1265: 1257: 1241: 1240: 1232: 1230: 1228: 1226: 1224: 1222: 1206: 1200: 1196: 1195: 1186: 1184: 1182: 1173: 1166: 1164: 1162: 1160: 1158: 1156: 1154: 1152: 1147: 1134: 1127: 1123: 1118: 1113: 1110: 1106: 1101: 1097: 1087: 1084: 1082: 1079: 1077: 1074: 1072: 1069: 1067: 1064: 1062: 1059: 1057: 1054: 1052: 1051:Rachel's Tomb 1049: 1047: 1044: 1042: 1039: 1037: 1034: 1032: 1029: 1028: 1022: 1020: 1019: 1014: 1010: 1006: 1002: 992: 989: 985: 981: 977: 973: 972:Rachel's Tomb 969: 965: 959: 957: 953: 949: 941: 937: 933: 924: 922: 918: 914: 910: 906: 902: 898: 894: 890: 885: 883: 879: 875: 871: 867: 866: 861: 854: 849: 842: 838: 833: 828: 818: 816: 812: 808: 804: 800: 796: 792: 782: 780: 776: 775:Felix of Nola 772: 768: 764: 754: 751: 748: 742: 740: 735: 733: 727: 725: 715: 713: 709: 705: 701: 697: 693: 689: 688: 683: 679: 675: 671: 667: 661: 657: 653: 646:Protestantism 643: 641: 637: 633: 629: 625: 621: 617: 607: 605: 601: 597: 593: 583: 581: 577: 573: 569: 565: 561: 557: 554:(Spain), the 553: 549: 545: 541: 537: 532: 530: 526: 518: 515: 512: 509: 506: 502: 499: 498: 497: 495: 491: 487: 486:Mother of God 482: 480: 476: 471: 469: 465: 459: 453: 448: 446: 445: 438: 434: 432: 427: 424: 420: 414: 412: 408: 404: 396: 392: 387: 380: 376: 371: 364: 360: 356: 349: 345: 344:Saint Anthony 340: 331: 329: 325: 321: 317: 313: 309: 305: 301: 297: 293: 291: 290: 285: 281: 280: 269: 266: 262: 258: 257:first century 254: 250: 240: 239:, as saints. 238: 234: 230: 226: 222: 218: 214: 213:enlightenment 210: 206: 196: 192: 190: 186: 182: 177: 175: 171: 166: 164: 160: 156: 152: 148: 144: 140: 136: 132: 131:glorification 128: 124: 120: 116: 111: 109: 105: 101: 97: 93: 89: 85: 81: 77: 73: 69: 65: 60: 52: 48: 44: 40: 34:(San Corrado) 33: 28: 22: 3671: 3664: 3654:Tao Te Ching 3652: 3635: 3618: 3611: 3589: 3549:Spiritualism 3407: 3378:Supplication 3060:Supernatural 3050:Spiritualism 2925:Kevala jnana 2855:Emanationism 2764:Spirituality 2579:Canonization 2557:Patron saint 2506:Intercession 2500: 2309: 2268: 2248: 2242: 2230:. 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Index

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