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and the acquisition of a warm-water port would enable Russia to consolidate its presence in the region and further expand into Asia and the
Pacific. Russia had not expected that Japan would be victorious against China. Port Arthur falling into Japanese hands would undermine its own desperate need for
325:
Germany had two reasons to support Russia. Firstly, it desired to draw Russia's attention to the east, away from itself. Secondly, to enlist Russia's support in establishing German territorial concessions in China. Germany hoped that supporting Russia would encourage Russia, in turn, to support
444:
diplomatic intercession was not forthcoming, and Japan was in no position to militarily resist three major
European powers simultaneously. The three powers had 38 warships with a displacement of 95,000 tons already deployed in East Asia, whereas the
515:(reigned 496–465 BC) in the war between Wu and Yue. For modern Japan, this ideology meant an increase in heavy industry and the strength of the armed forces, especially the navy, at the expense of individual wants and needs.
518:
The Triple
Intervention had a profound effect on Japanese foreign relations, as Japanese diplomacy sought to avoid a reconstitution of a combination of European powers against Japan. It led directly to the
459:
announced the withdrawal of
Japanese forces from the Liaodong Peninsula in exchange for an additional indemnity of 30 million kuping taels (450 million yen). The last Japanese troops departed in December.
322:
and a number of
Japanese ships were built in French shipyards. However, France did not wish to be diplomatically isolated, as it had been previously, especially given the growing power of Germany.
40:
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in China—expressed concern about the
Japanese acquisition of the Liaodong Peninsula and the possible impact of the terms of the treaty on the stability of China. Russia persuaded
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Germany's colonial ambitions, which were especially vexed since
Germany had only recently formed itself into a unified nation and had arrived late in the colonial "game".
482:
Japan's government felt it had been cheated of its deserved spoils of war by this intervention. This humiliation at the hands of the
European powers helped lead to the
1797:
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Urs
Matthias Zachmann, "Imperialism in a Nutshell: Conflict and the Concert of Powers' in the Tripartite Intervention, 1895." Japanstudien 17.1 (2006): 57-82.
33:
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1898:
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234:. The goal was to stop Japanese expansion in China. The Japanese reaction against the Triple Intervention was one of the causes of the subsequent
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1913:
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1918:
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Russia had the most to gain from the Triple
Intervention. In the preceding years, Russia had been slowly increasing its influence in the
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movement. Figuratively translated as "Persevering through Hardship (for the sake of revenge)", the saying is derived from the Chinese
1552:
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Frank W. Ikle, "The Triple Intervention. Japan's Lesson in the Diplomacy of Imperialism." Monumenta Nipponica 22.1/2 (1967): 122-130.
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306:. French bankers did have financial interests in Russia, especially in railroads. However, France had no territorial ambitions in
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to apply diplomatic pressure on Japan for the return of the territory to China in exchange for a larger indemnity.
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318:. The French actually had cordial relations with the Japanese: French military advisors were sent to train the
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After futile diplomatic efforts to enlist the support of the United States and Great Britain, on 5 May 1895,
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511:), literally meaning "sleeping on sticks and tasting gall", that alludes to the perseverance of King
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624:. Vol. 1: Sino-Japanese War and Triple Intervention. Tokyo: Kajima Institute of International Peace.
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The War of the Rising Sun and Tumbling Bear: A Military History of the Russo-Japanese War 1904-5
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471:. France and even Great Britain took advantage of a weakened China to seize the port cities of
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of 1902 which was explicitly intended to shield Japan from interference from other European
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Much to Japan's astonishment and consternation, Russia moved almost immediately to
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364: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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and especially to fortify Port Arthur. Germany secured control over
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The Japanese government reluctantly acceded to the intervention, as
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had only 31 warships in total with a displacement of 57,000 tons.
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48:
266:. Immediately after the terms of the treaty became public,
310:, as its sphere of influence was in southern China
302:France was obligated to join Russia due to their
1850:
1833:International Military Tribunal for the Far East
1803:German pre–World War II industrial co-operation
634:Historical Dictionary of the Russo-Japanese War
550:Historical Dictionary of the Russo-Japanese War
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563:Japan and China: From War to Peace, 1894-1972
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218:on 23 April 1895 over the harsh terms of the
34:
1150:Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office
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1899:History of the foreign relations of France
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659:
41:
27:
1553:Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
1163:Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors
424:Learn how and when to remove this message
1909:Foreign relations of the Empire of Japan
936:National Spiritual Mobilization Movement
544:
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145:Manchuria and Inner Mongolia (1931–1936)
86:Manchuria, Korea, and Taiwan (1894–1895)
1904:Foreign relations of the German Empire
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1751:Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere
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619:
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1914:Foreign relations of the Qing dynasty
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22:
1155:Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff
911:Imperial Rule Assistance Association
465:occupy the entire Liaodong Peninsula
362:adding citations to reliable sources
333:
1823:Taiwanese Imperial Japan Serviceman
1065:East Asia Development Board (Kōain)
680:
13:
175:Convention of retrocession of the
14:
1975:
622:The Diplomacy of Japan, 1894-1922
527:, and from Russia in particular.
206:was a diplomatic intervention by
1523:Soviet–Japanese border conflicts
786:
469:concessions in Shandong Province
338:
126:German Pacific possesions (1914)
1538:Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact
349:needs additional citations for
299:a warm-water port in the East.
101:Manchuria and Korea (1904–1905)
1919:China–Russian Empire relations
1793:Japanese settlers in Manchuria
906:Imperial Rescript on Education
577:
568:
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262:, which it had conquered from
1:
1239:Imperial Way Faction (Kōdōha)
1145:Imperial General Headquarters
736:Foreign commerce and shipping
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258:including the harbor city of
1571:Hirohito surrender broadcast
966:Greater East Asia Conference
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951:Supreme Court of Judicature
620:Kajima, Morinosuke (1976).
597:Connaughton, R.M. (1992) .
200:
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1980:
1884:1895 in the Russian Empire
1662:Second Philippine Republic
1435:Manchuria–Mongolia problem
294:. The construction of the
270:—with its own designs and
50:Military campaigns of the
1864:Kwantung Leased Territory
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1596:
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1543:Japan during World War II
1498:Pacification of Manchukuo
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1390:Invasion of Taiwan (1895)
1385:Invasion of Taiwan (1874)
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1254:Control Faction (Tōseiha)
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61:
1964:Germany–Russia relations
1944:France–Germany relations
1518:Second Sino-Japanese War
1460:Racial Equality Proposal
1040:Agriculture and Commerce
530:
160:Asia-Pacific (1941–1945)
1959:Germany–Japan relations
1954:France–Russia relations
1939:China–Germany relations
1924:First Sino-Japanese War
1430:Washington Naval Treaty
1375:Anglo–Japanese Alliance
1360:First Sino-Japanese War
1179:Nuclear weapons program
921:Great Japan Youth Party
848:National seals of Japan
565:(1975) pp 17-29, 66-77.
521:Anglo-Japanese Alliance
232:First Sino-Japanese War
185:Tripartite Intervention
155:French Indochina (1940)
16:Aspect of Asian history
1949:France–Japan relations
1934:China–France relations
1508:Motherland controversy
1478:Shōwa financial crisis
1270:Imperial Japanese Navy
1210:Imperial Japanese Army
941:Peace Preservation Law
447:Imperial Japanese Navy
320:Imperial Japanese Army
296:Trans-Siberian Railway
180:
1420:Siberian Intervention
1229:Railways and Shipping
1045:Commerce and Industry
741:Industrial production
373:"Triple Intervention"
248:Treaty of Shimonoseki
246:Per the terms of the
242:Treaty of Shimonoseki
220:Treaty of Shimonoseki
174:
1859:Foreign intervention
1838:Political dissidence
1687:Occupied territories
1425:General Election Law
1249:Taiwan Army of Japan
601:(Reprint ed.).
358:improve this article
1657:Wang Jingwei regime
1567:Potsdam Declaration
1558:Soviet–Japanese War
1513:Anti-Comintern Pact
1503:January 28 incident
1488:London Naval Treaty
1365:Triple Intervention
1194:Supreme War Council
1078:deliberative bodies
636:. Scarecrow Press.
286:The European powers
272:sphere of influence
189:Triple Intervention
131:Siberia (1918–1922)
1929:Russo-Japanese War
1380:Russo-Japanese War
1350:Two Lords Incident
1005:Imperial Household
561:Marius B. Jansen,
256:Liaodong Peninsula
236:Russo-Japanese War
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1818:Socialist thought
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1667:Empire of Vietnam
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179:, 8 November 1895
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1299:Fleet Faction
1297:
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1287:
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1282:
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1279:General Staff
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1219:General Staff
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1092:Privy Council
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1010:Home Ministry
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853:Imperial Seal
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841:
839:
838:Flag of Japan
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643:0-8108-4927-5
639:
635:
631:
630:Kowner, Rotem
627:
623:
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571:
564:
558:
551:
545:
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541:
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504:
503:wòxīnchángdǎn
500:
499:
485:
484:Gashin Shōtan
480:
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417:
414:December 2022
406:
403:
399:
396:
392:
389:
385:
382:
378:
375: –
374:
370:
369:Find sources:
363:
359:
353:
352:
347:This section
345:
341:
336:
335:
327:
323:
321:
317:
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309:
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114:Taishō period
107:
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92:
89:
87:
84:
82:
81:Ryukyu (1879)
79:
77:
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72:
71:Taiwan (1874)
69:
68:
67:
66:
60:
55:
44:
39:
37:
32:
30:
25:
24:
21:
1771:Other topics
1607:
1445:Taishō Roman
1364:
1199:Conscription
1169:
1161:
1136:Armed Forces
996:(ministries)
896:Charter Oath
891:Constitution
773:State Shinto
756:Essentialism
706:Demographics
633:
621:
598:
579:
570:
562:
557:
549:
525:great powers
517:
502:
496:
483:
481:
473:Guangzhouwan
462:
457:Itō Hirobumi
451:
435:
420:
411:
401:
394:
387:
380:
368:
356:Please help
351:verification
348:
324:
311:
301:
289:
245:
188:
184:
182:
138:Shōwa period
136:
135:
112:
111:
106:Korea (1910)
90:
65:Meiji period
63:
1813:Shōwa Modan
1788:Hakkō ichiu
1725:Philippines
1612:after 1943)
1590:Territories
1548:Pacific War
1408:World War I
1284:Air Service
1224:Air Service
1097:Gozen Kaigi
813:(Yoshihito)
805:(Mutsuhito)
751:Nationalism
696:Agriculture
260:Port Arthur
222:imposed by
1853:Categories
1577:Occupation
1400:Taishō era
1345:Boshin War
1189:War crimes
985:Government
961:Tonarigumi
868:Privy Seal
863:State Seal
821:(Hirohito)
746:Militarism
701:Censorship
591:References
384:newspapers
330:Conclusion
1778:Sonnō jōi
1730:Singapore
1715:Hong Kong
1677:Azad Hind
1652:Mengjiang
1647:Manchukuo
1621:Kantō-shū
1563:Surrender
1470:Shōwa era
1455:Truku War
1326:Meiji era
1294:Tokkeitai
1259:Kempeitai
1170:Senjinkun
1087:Daijō-kan
1050:Munitions
931:Mokusatsu
721:Education
603:Routledge
552:, p. 375.
477:Weihaiwei
308:Manchuria
1756:Yen bloc
1744:Ideology
1735:Thailand
1604:Karafuto
1597:Colonies
1184:Kamikaze
1127:Military
1030:Treasury
884:Policies
875:Kimigayo
796:Emperors
763:Politics
731:Eugenics
689:Overview
632:(2006).
548:Kowner,
442:American
292:Far East
1317:History
1289:Marines
926:Kokutai
831:Symbols
811:Taishō
768:Statism
711:Economy
498:chengyu
438:British
398:scholar
280:Germany
212:Germany
1720:Malaya
1695:Borneo
1631:Taiwan
1626:Nan'yō
1616:Chōsen
1609:naichi
819:Shōwa
803:Meiji
778:Kazoku
726:System
640:
609:
400:
393:
386:
379:
371:
276:France
268:Russia
216:France
214:, and
208:Russia
1700:Burma
1413:Entry
1107:Peers
971:Senbu
956:Tokkō
531:Notes
405:JSTOR
391:books
312:(see
264:China
252:Japan
228:China
224:Japan
1025:Navy
1020:Army
638:ISBN
607:ISBN
508:臥薪嘗膽
490:臥薪嘗胆
475:and
440:and
377:news
278:and
195:三国干渉
183:The
1015:War
501:of
360:by
226:on
187:or
1855::
1569:,
605:.
539:^
250:,
238:.
210:,
198:,
1606:(
1573:)
1565:(
674:e
667:t
660:v
646:.
615:.
505:(
493:)
487:(
427:)
421:(
416:)
412:(
402:·
395:·
388:·
381:·
354:.
316:)
204:)
192:(
42:e
35:t
28:v
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