820:
190:
179:
168:
112:
226:
215:
137:
39:
202:
124:
1409:
552:
970:. The intervention tore Japan's wartime unity to shreds, leading to the army and government being involved in bitter controversy and renewed faction strife in the army itself. The official conduct of the Siberian Intervention was later bitterly attacked in the Japanese Diet, with the Army being accused of grossly misrepresenting the size of the forces sent, misappropriating secret funds, and supporting figures such as lieutenant general
560:
237:
149:
910:, who they intended to take control under the planned buffer state but whose unstable government collapsed by 1922. In March and April 1922, the Japanese Army repelled large Bolshevik offensives against Vladivostok. On June 24, 1922, Japan announced that it would unilaterally withdraw from all of Russian territory by October, with the exception of northern
839:
by Allied warships would enhance the confidence of the local anti-Bolshevik forces and help restore public order; however, this proved to be overly optimistic. After an armed mob looted a
Japanese-owned store, killing its owner, the Japanese government, without waiting for an investigation of the
754:
In late 1917, the
Japanese government was alarmed to find that the British government, despite the Anglo-Japanese Alliance, had approached the United States about a possible joint intervention at Vladivostok without consulting Japan. In December 1917, the British agreed that such a force should
898:, bringing with them over 50,000 civilian settlers. After the international coalition withdrew its forces, the Japanese Army stayed on. However, political opposition prevented the Army from annexing the resource-rich region. Japan continued to support
872:â far more than any of the other Allied powers had anticipated. Furthermore, although the Allies had envisioned operations only in the vicinity of Vladivostok, within months Japanese forces had penetrated as far west as Lake Baikal and
844:
to protect their consulate, but the
Americans took no action. In July 1918, President Wilson asked the Japanese government to supply 7,000 troops as part of an international coalition of 25,000 troops, including an
938:
were complex and poorly articulated. Overtly, Japan (as with the United States and the other international coalition forces) was in
Siberia to safeguard stockpiled military supplies and to rescue the
328:
2418:
1696:
1614:
708:
The
Japanese were initially asked by the French in 1917 to intervene in Russia but declined. However, in February 1918, a "Siberia Planning Committee" was formed by the
478:
2413:
950:, a determination to recoup historical losses to Russia, and the perceived opportunity to settle the "northern problem" to Japan's advantage by either creating a
1819:
857:, the administration of Prime Minister Terauchi agreed to send 12,000 troops, but under the command of Japan, rather than as part of an international coalition.
819:
2474:
512:
2479:
507:
321:
1849:
1356:
2302:
411:
716:
with the aim of exploring the possibility that the
Tsarist collapse was an opportunity to free Japan from any future threat from Russia by detaching
2448:
314:
1383:
471:
977:
Japanese casualties from the
Siberian Expedition included some 5,000 dead from combat or illness, and the expenses incurred were in excess of
2320:
615:. The Japanese suffered 1,399 killed and another 1,717 deaths from disease. Japanese military forces occupied Russian cities (largest city
597:
189:
178:
167:
117:
2504:
2453:
1839:
1770:
464:
2168:
1783:
1665:
1293:
868:
and extensive planning for the expedition was conducted. The
Japanese eventually deployed 70,000 troops under the command of General
2489:
1566:
1556:
1361:
2366:
2340:
2310:
1262:
440:
782:
2138:
1899:
1775:
1675:
1660:
1571:
1531:
919:
846:
709:
2438:
2433:
2153:
1655:
2494:
2010:
2005:
1904:
1844:
1635:
1625:
1316:
357:
1326:
1321:
1243:
1224:
1183:
2345:
2330:
2325:
1799:
1732:
1521:
1341:
1336:
2033:
2408:
2055:
1756:
1526:
1331:
1205:
840:
murder, permitted the landing of marines, who proceeded to occupy the entire city. The
British also landed 100
430:
392:
2335:
1765:
1680:
1670:
1286:
241:
926:. Following this convention, Japan undertook to withdraw its troops from northern Sakhalin by May 15, 1925.
2484:
2315:
2186:
1645:
1586:
1576:
1995:
1814:
1685:
685:
2277:
2246:
971:
700:, was a major port with a massive stockpile of military stores and a large foreign merchant community.
527:
2236:
2231:
2158:
2118:
1909:
1596:
788:
206:
2098:
1388:
2350:
2133:
2080:
2028:
1650:
1478:
1279:
918:
of 1920. The last
Japanese soldiers left Vladivostok on October 25, 1922. On January 20, 1925, the
713:
435:
1198:
Military Intervention in Pre-War Japanese Politics: Admiral Kato Kanji and the 'Washington System'
423:
2499:
2173:
2050:
1980:
1789:
1541:
1468:
895:
767:
745:
733:
681:
650:
372:
367:
362:
1040:
1890:
1854:
1830:
1727:
1712:
1561:
1473:
990:
861:
774:
737:
662:
658:
522:
1914:
1376:
954:
or through outright territorial acquisition were also factors. However, patronage of various
935:
673:
654:
636:
488:
306:
2045:
1869:
1859:
1371:
915:
873:
810:
537:
532:
201:
129:
8:
2272:
2219:
2192:
2182:
2128:
2123:
2108:
1985:
1809:
1488:
1483:
1366:
939:
891:
850:
798:
517:
377:
2060:
2241:
2178:
2000:
1970:
1511:
853:
and securing of wartime supplies stockpiled at Vladivostok. After heated debate in the
801:
on January 9, 1918, and arrived at Vladivostok on January 12, only two days before HMS
756:
387:
86:
Japanese withdraw from most occupied territories following internal political pressure
2282:
1975:
1955:
1722:
1351:
1258:
1239:
1220:
1201:
1179:
967:
903:
770:
632:
612:
406:
38:
30:
1431:
816:, which had been stationed at Vladivostok until December 1917, returned on March 1.
2423:
2143:
1864:
1536:
2398:
399:
2443:
2148:
2070:
1990:
1463:
1302:
958:
leaders left Japan in a poor diplomatic position vis-Ã -vis the government of the
642:
555:
A Japanese propaganda lithograph rallying for occupation of the Russian Far East.
382:
339:
225:
214:
183:
142:
2065:
2393:
2287:
2113:
2103:
1960:
1924:
1346:
955:
907:
899:
755:
include Japan, but before the details could be worked out, the British ordered
692:
Bolshevik revolution eastward was of great concern to the Japanese government.
620:
601:
593:
194:
153:
67:
2428:
2403:
2468:
1919:
1640:
1630:
1458:
1423:
854:
841:
836:
646:
2020:
778:
1516:
1393:
959:
951:
869:
828:
748:
721:
697:
352:
230:
172:
2090:
1707:
1041:"Soviet Armed Forces Losses in Wars, Combat Operations Military Conflicts"
551:
2163:
1717:
741:
693:
616:
564:
445:
661:
made a considerable contribution to the Allied war effort; however, the
456:
1965:
1581:
906:
until his defeat and capture in 1920, and also supported the regime of
883:
865:
824:
729:
725:
689:
592:
of 1918â1922 was a dispatch of Japanese military forces to the Russian
219:
1874:
2292:
2267:
2262:
2075:
1946:
1879:
1551:
1010:
947:
943:
763:
677:
605:
2371:
1804:
1495:
1439:
963:
911:
878:
669:, resisted attempts to become involved in combat. The overthrow of
608:
90:
1271:
1038:
777:
to reach Vladivostok first. The task was assigned to Rear Admiral
559:
1546:
923:
744:. The Japanese government, then under the civilian leadership of
724:. The Army proposed attacking on two fronts, from Vladivostok to
717:
666:
2224:
1398:
887:
793:. With crews working day-and-night over the new year holidays,
665:
was more sympathetic to Germany, and aside from the seizure of
236:
148:
1591:
1236:
The Way of the Heavenly Sword: The Japanese Army in the 1920s
336:
16:
Dispatch of Japanese military forces to the Russian Far East
670:
890:
and others had opened offices in Vladivostok, Khabarovsk,
57:(4 years, 5 months, 1 week and 5 days)
1139:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1097:
978:
1022:
1020:
567:
with local commander Lieutenant-General Rozanov (1920).
1127:
1094:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1151:
1115:
1017:
914:
island, which had been seized in retaliation for the
1011:"The March of the Japanese Army at Vladivostok City"
974:, rumors of whose atrocities had reached the press.
1075:
809:arrived on January 17, and became KatÅ's flagship.
942:. However, the Japanese government's antipathy to
860:Once the political decision had been reached, the
2466:
2449:International Military Tribunal for the Far East
2419:German preâWorld War II industrial co-operation
929:
831:, the leaders of the Japanese Forces in Siberia
582:
1408:
1046:. Moscow Military Publishing House. p. 46
576:
2475:Japanese involvement in the Russian Civil War
1287:
472:
322:
864:took over full control under Chief of Staff
1771:Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office
1039:General-Lieutenant G.F.Krivosheyev (1993).
1294:
1280:
479:
465:
329:
315:
2169:Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
1784:Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors
1233:
1133:
1109:
1062:
1060:
703:
486:
2480:Wars involving Soviet Russia (1917â1922)
1557:National Spiritual Mobilization Movement
1252:
818:
558:
550:
431:Manchuria and Inner Mongolia (1931â1936)
373:Manchuria, Korea, and Taiwan (1894â1895)
1255:Japan's Siberian Intervention 1918-1922
1214:
1145:
1121:
1026:
966:eventually emerged victorious from the
849:, planned to support the rescue of the
2467:
2367:Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere
1173:
1157:
1057:
1275:
835:It was the original intent that this
460:
310:
1776:Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff
1532:Imperial Rule Assistance Association
710:Imperial Japanese Army General Staff
2439:Taiwanese Imperial Japan Serviceman
1686:East Asia Development Board (KÅain)
1301:
1215:Harries, Meirion and Susie (2001).
1195:
1088:
1070:World War I: A Student Encyclopedia
653:, and Japan became a member of the
13:
2505:Campaigns of the Russian Civil War
14:
2516:
1174:Dallin, David J. (May 31, 2013).
2139:SovietâJapanese border conflicts
1407:
920:SovietâJapanese Basic Convention
619:) and towns in the province of
412:German Pacific possesions (1914)
235:
224:
213:
200:
188:
177:
166:
147:
135:
122:
110:
37:
24:Japanese intervention in Siberia
2490:History of the Russian Far East
2154:SovietâJapanese Neutrality Pact
598:larger effort by western powers
388:Manchuria and Korea (1904â1905)
274:698 killed or missing in action
2409:Japanese settlers in Manchuria
1527:Imperial Rescript on Education
1234:Humphreys, Leonard A. (1996).
1032:
1003:
680:government in Russia led to a
573:Japanese Siberian Intervention
55:12 January 1918 â 24 June 1922
1:
1860:Imperial Way Faction (KÅdÅha)
1766:Imperial General Headquarters
1357:Foreign commerce and shipping
1238:. Stanford University Press.
1167:
773:was outraged and ordered the
626:
2187:Hirohito surrender broadcast
1587:Greater East Asia Conference
996:
930:Effects on Japanese politics
847:American expeditionary force
43:Japanese soldiers in Siberia
7:
1572:Supreme Court of Judicature
984:
720:and forming an independent
682:separate peace with Germany
676:and the establishment of a
583:
10:
2521:
2278:Second Philippine Republic
2056:ManchuriaâMongolia problem
1253:Dunscomb, Paul E. (2011).
1176:The Rise Of Russia In Asia
972:Roman von Ungern-Sternberg
630:
338:Military campaigns of the
283:3,482 sick and frostbitten
2495:History of Northeast Asia
2386:
2359:
2301:
2255:
2212:
2205:
2159:Japan during World War II
2119:Pacification of Manchukuo
2089:
2019:
2011:Invasion of Taiwan (1895)
2006:Invasion of Taiwan (1874)
1944:
1937:
1888:
1875:Control Faction (TÅseiha)
1828:
1754:
1747:
1694:
1612:
1605:
1597:Imperial Japanese Airways
1504:
1451:
1416:
1405:
1309:
766:to Vladivostok. Japanese
688:. The spread of the anti-
577:
498:
378:Liaodong Peninsula (1895)
349:
260:
247:
159:
103:
83:Japanese military victory
47:
36:
28:
23:
2134:Second Sino-Japanese War
2081:Racial Equality Proposal
1661:Agriculture and Commerce
797:was able to depart from
684:and the collapse of the
641:On August 23, 1914, the
446:Asia-Pacific (1941â1945)
89:Japan occupies northern
80:Soviet political victory
2051:Washington Naval Treaty
1996:AngloâJapanese Alliance
1981:First Sino-Japanese War
1800:Nuclear weapons program
1542:Great Japan Youth Party
1469:National seals of Japan
934:Japan's motives in the
736:to cut off the Russian
734:Chinese Eastern Railway
651:Anglo-Japanese Alliance
441:French Indochina (1940)
2099:ShÅwa financial crisis
1891:Imperial Japanese Navy
1831:Imperial Japanese Army
1562:Peace Preservation Law
1178:. Read Books Limited.
991:Japan-Russia relations
862:Imperial Japanese Army
832:
775:Imperial Japanese Navy
738:Trans-Siberian Railway
704:Japanese participation
663:Imperial Japanese Army
659:Imperial Japanese Navy
568:
556:
160:Commanders and leaders
2041:Siberian Intervention
1850:Railways and Shipping
1666:Commerce and Industry
1362:Industrial production
936:Siberian Intervention
822:
781:with the battleships
751:, rejected the plan.
649:, in part due to the
637:Siberian intervention
600:and Japan to support
563:Japanese officers in
562:
554:
503:Japanese intervention
490:Siberian intervention
299:1,717 died of disease
277:2,189 died of disease
261:Casualties and losses
2454:Political dissidence
2303:Occupied territories
2046:General Election Law
1870:Taiwan Army of Japan
916:Nikolayevsk incident
130:Far Eastern Republic
2485:Invasions of Russia
2273:Wang Jingwei regime
2183:Potsdam Declaration
2174:SovietâJapanese War
2129:Anti-Comintern Pact
2124:January 28 incident
2109:London Naval Treaty
1986:Triple Intervention
1815:Supreme War Council
1699:deliberative bodies
1257:. Lexington Books.
1217:Soldiers of the Sun
1148:, pp. 123â124.
940:Czechoslovak Legion
892:Nikolayevsk-on-Amur
851:Czechoslovak Legion
799:Kure Naval District
604:forces against the
417:Siberia (1918â1922)
2001:Russo-Japanese War
1971:Two Lords Incident
1626:Imperial Household
1191:- Total pages: 304
833:
594:Maritime Provinces
569:
557:
207:A. Krasnoshchyokov
2462:
2461:
2434:Socialist thought
2382:
2381:
2321:Dutch East Indies
2283:Empire of Vietnam
2201:
2200:
1976:Satsuma Rebellion
1956:Meiji Restoration
1933:
1932:
1743:
1742:
1681:Greater East Asia
1567:Political parties
1522:Foreign relations
1264:978-0-7391-4600-2
1196:Gow, Ian (2004).
1192:
1091:, pp. 55â61.
968:Russian Civil War
904:Aleksandr Kolchak
771:Terauchi Masatake
732:and also via the
633:Russian Civil War
613:Russian Civil War
546:
545:
454:
453:
383:China (1899â1901)
305:
304:
99:
98:
31:Russian Civil War
2512:
2424:Shinmin no Michi
2414:Internment camps
2326:French Indochina
2210:
2209:
2061:TaishÅ Democracy
1942:
1941:
1865:Japanese holdout
1752:
1751:
1676:Colonial Affairs
1610:
1609:
1537:Yokusan Sonendan
1443:
1435:
1427:
1411:
1410:
1337:Economic history
1296:
1289:
1282:
1273:
1272:
1268:
1249:
1230:
1219:. Random House.
1211:
1190:
1189:
1161:
1155:
1149:
1143:
1137:
1131:
1125:
1119:
1113:
1107:
1092:
1086:
1073:
1068:
1064:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1051:
1045:
1036:
1030:
1024:
1015:
1014:
1007:
645:declared war on
623:from 1918â1922.
590:
589:
586:
584:Shiberia Shuppei
580:
579:
528:Novo Litovoskaya
493:
491:
481:
474:
467:
458:
457:
344:
342:
331:
324:
317:
308:
307:
242:Grigory Semyonov
240:
239:
229:
228:
218:
217:
209:
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204:
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182:
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128:
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125:
116:
114:
113:
49:
48:
41:
21:
20:
2520:
2519:
2515:
2514:
2513:
2511:
2510:
2509:
2465:
2464:
2463:
2458:
2444:Yasukuni Shrine
2378:
2355:
2297:
2251:
2197:
2149:Tripartite Pact
2144:Rape of Nanking
2085:
2071:Tapani incident
2015:
1991:Boxer Rebellion
1949:
1929:
1893:
1884:
1833:
1824:
1759:
1739:
1733:Representatives
1701:
1698:
1697:Legislative and
1690:
1656:Foreign Affairs
1619:
1616:
1601:
1500:
1479:Government Seal
1464:Rising Sun Flag
1447:
1441:
1433:
1425:
1412:
1403:
1305:
1303:Empire of Japan
1300:
1265:
1246:
1227:
1208:
1186:
1170:
1165:
1164:
1156:
1152:
1144:
1140:
1132:
1128:
1120:
1116:
1108:
1095:
1087:
1076:
1067:Spencer, Tucker
1066:
1065:
1058:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1037:
1033:
1025:
1018:
1009:
1008:
1004:
999:
987:
932:
902:leader Admiral
876:, and by 1920,
823:Lieut.-General
706:
643:Empire of Japan
639:
631:Main articles:
629:
596:, as part of a
587:
574:
549:
548:
547:
542:
494:
489:
487:
485:
455:
450:
436:China (1937â45)
407:Tsingtao (1914)
395:
345:
341:Empire of Japan
340:
337:
335:
234:
233:
223:
222:
212:
199:
198:
197:
187:
186:
184:Jukums Vacietis
176:
175:
165:
146:
145:
143:Empire of Japan
136:
134:
123:
121:
120:
111:
109:
70:
56:
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2518:
2508:
2507:
2502:
2500:White movement
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2482:
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2323:
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2298:
2296:
2295:
2290:
2288:State of Burma
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2259:
2257:
2253:
2252:
2250:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
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2214:
2207:
2203:
2202:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2195:
2190:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2114:Musha Incident
2111:
2106:
2104:Jinan incident
2101:
2095:
2093:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2037:
2036:
2025:
2023:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1961:Beipu uprising
1958:
1952:
1950:
1945:
1939:
1935:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1927:
1925:Treaty Faction
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1896:
1894:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1855:Imperial Guard
1852:
1847:
1842:
1836:
1834:
1829:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
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1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1622:
1620:
1615:Administration
1613:
1607:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1508:
1506:
1502:
1501:
1499:
1498:
1493:
1492:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1466:
1461:
1455:
1453:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1445:
1437:
1429:
1420:
1418:
1414:
1413:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1380:
1379:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1313:
1311:
1307:
1306:
1299:
1298:
1291:
1284:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1263:
1250:
1244:
1231:
1225:
1212:
1206:
1193:
1184:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1160:, p. 158.
1150:
1138:
1134:Humphreys 1996
1126:
1124:, p. 122.
1114:
1110:Humphreys 1996
1093:
1074:
1056:
1031:
1029:, p. 127.
1016:
1001:
1000:
998:
995:
994:
993:
986:
983:
956:White Movement
931:
928:
922:was signed in
908:Ataman Semenov
900:White Movement
768:Prime Minister
746:Prime Minister
705:
702:
655:Entente powers
628:
625:
621:Primorsky Krai
544:
543:
541:
540:
535:
530:
525:
520:
515:
510:
505:
499:
496:
495:
484:
483:
476:
469:
461:
452:
451:
449:
448:
443:
438:
433:
420:
419:
414:
409:
396:
390:
385:
380:
375:
370:
365:
363:Ganghwa (1875)
360:
350:
347:
346:
334:
333:
326:
319:
311:
303:
302:
301:
300:
297:
286:
285:
284:
281:
278:
275:
263:
262:
258:
257:
256:70,000 (total)
254:
253:600,000 (peak)
250:
249:
245:
244:
210:
195:Sergey Kamenev
162:
161:
157:
156:
154:White Movement
132:
106:
105:
101:
100:
97:
96:
95:
94:
87:
84:
81:
76:
72:
71:
68:Russian Empire
65:
63:
59:
58:
53:
45:
44:
34:
33:
26:
25:
19:
18:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2517:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
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2473:
2472:
2470:
2455:
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2450:
2447:
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2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2399:Fukoku kyÅhei
2397:
2395:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2385:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2368:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2358:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2308:
2306:
2304:
2300:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2256:Puppet states
2254:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2227:
2226:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2211:
2208:
2204:
2194:
2191:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2088:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2030:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2018:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1943:
1940:
1936:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1920:Fleet Faction
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1900:General Staff
1898:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1887:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1840:General Staff
1838:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1827:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1794:
1793:military code
1792:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1768:
1767:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1753:
1750:
1746:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1724:
1723:Imperial Diet
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1713:Privy Council
1711:
1709:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1693:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1631:Home Ministry
1629:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1611:
1608:
1604:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1507:
1503:
1497:
1494:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1474:Imperial Seal
1472:
1471:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1459:Flag of Japan
1457:
1456:
1454:
1450:
1444:
1438:
1436:
1430:
1428:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1297:
1292:
1290:
1285:
1283:
1278:
1277:
1274:
1266:
1260:
1256:
1251:
1247:
1245:0-8047-2375-3
1241:
1237:
1232:
1228:
1226:0-679-75303-6
1222:
1218:
1213:
1209:
1203:
1200:. Routledge.
1199:
1194:
1187:
1185:9781473382572
1181:
1177:
1172:
1171:
1159:
1154:
1147:
1142:
1136:, p. 26.
1135:
1130:
1123:
1118:
1112:, p. 25.
1111:
1106:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1090:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1071:
1063:
1061:
1042:
1035:
1028:
1023:
1021:
1012:
1006:
1002:
992:
989:
988:
982:
981:900 million.
980:
975:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
927:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
880:
875:
871:
867:
863:
858:
856:
852:
848:
843:
842:Royal Marines
838:
837:show of force
830:
826:
821:
817:
815:
814:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
791:
786:
785:
780:
776:
772:
769:
765:
761:
760:
752:
750:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
714:Army Ministry
711:
701:
699:
696:, facing the
695:
691:
687:
686:Eastern Front
683:
679:
675:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
638:
634:
624:
622:
618:
614:
610:
607:
603:
602:White Russian
599:
595:
591:
585:
566:
561:
553:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
523:Suchan Valley
521:
519:
516:
514:
511:
509:
506:
504:
501:
500:
497:
492:
482:
477:
475:
470:
468:
463:
462:
459:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
428:
427:
426:
425:
418:
415:
413:
410:
408:
405:
404:
403:
402:
401:
400:TaishÅ period
394:
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
374:
371:
369:
368:Ryukyu (1879)
366:
364:
361:
359:
358:Taiwan (1874)
356:
355:
354:
348:
343:
332:
327:
325:
320:
318:
313:
312:
309:
298:
295:
294:
293:
291:
287:
282:
280:1,421 wounded
279:
276:
273:
272:
271:
270:(1922 only)
269:
265:
264:
259:
255:
252:
251:
246:
243:
238:
232:
227:
221:
216:
211:
208:
203:
196:
191:
185:
180:
174:
169:
164:
163:
158:
155:
150:
144:
133:
131:
119:
108:
107:
102:
92:
88:
85:
82:
79:
78:
77:
74:
73:
69:
64:
61:
60:
54:
51:
50:
46:
40:
35:
32:
27:
22:
2387:Other topics
2223:
2066:TaishÅ Roman
2040:
1820:Conscription
1790:
1782:
1757:Armed Forces
1617:(ministries)
1517:Charter Oath
1512:Constitution
1394:State Shinto
1377:Essentialism
1327:Demographics
1254:
1235:
1216:
1197:
1175:
1153:
1146:Harries 2001
1141:
1129:
1122:Harries 2001
1117:
1069:
1048:. Retrieved
1034:
1027:Harries 2001
1005:
976:
962:, after the
960:Soviet Union
952:buffer state
933:
877:
870:Kikuzo Otani
859:
834:
829:Kikuzo Otani
827:and General
812:
806:
802:
794:
789:
783:
758:
753:
749:Hara Takashi
722:buffer state
707:
698:Sea of Japan
640:
572:
570:
502:
424:ShÅwa period
422:
421:
416:
398:
397:
393:Korea (1910)
353:Meiji period
351:
296:1,399 killed
289:
288:
267:
266:
231:Otani Kikuzo
173:Leon Trotsky
118:Russian SFSR
104:Belligerents
29:Part of the
2429:ShÅwa Modan
2404:HakkÅ ichiu
2341:Philippines
2228:after 1943)
2206:Territories
2164:Pacific War
2029:World War I
1905:Air Service
1845:Air Service
1718:Gozen Kaigi
1434:(Yoshihito)
1426:(Mutsuhito)
1372:Nationalism
1317:Agriculture
1158:Dallin 2013
742:Lake Baikal
694:Vladivostok
674:Nicholas II
617:Vladivostok
611:during the
565:Vladivostok
538:Nikolayevsk
2469:Categories
2193:Occupation
2021:TaishÅ era
1966:Boshin War
1810:War crimes
1606:Government
1582:Tonarigumi
1489:Privy Seal
1484:State Seal
1442:(Hirohito)
1367:Militarism
1322:Censorship
1207:0700713158
1168:References
1050:2015-06-21
884:Mitsubishi
866:Yui Mitsue
825:Mitsue Yui
779:KatÅ Kanji
730:Amur River
728:along the
726:Khabarovsk
690:monarchist
627:Background
533:Posolskeya
513:Novitskaya
220:Yui Mitsue
93:until 1925
2394:SonnÅ jÅi
2346:Singapore
2331:Hong Kong
2293:Azad Hind
2268:Mengjiang
2263:Manchukuo
2237:KantÅ-shÅ«
2179:Surrender
2091:ShÅwa era
2076:Truku War
1947:Meiji era
1915:Tokkeitai
1880:Kempeitai
1791:Senjinkun
1708:DaijÅ-kan
1671:Munitions
1552:Mokusatsu
1342:Education
997:Citations
948:socialism
944:communism
811:USS
764:Hong Kong
757:HMS
678:Bolshevik
606:Bolshevik
518:Romanovka
508:Razdolnoe
2372:Yen bloc
2360:Ideology
2351:Thailand
2220:Karafuto
2213:Colonies
1805:Kamikaze
1748:Military
1651:Treasury
1505:Policies
1496:Kimigayo
1417:Emperors
1384:Politics
1352:Eugenics
1310:Overview
1089:Gow 2004
1072:. p.969.
985:See also
964:Red Army
912:Sakhalin
882:such as
879:zaibatsu
874:Buryatia
813:Brooklyn
712:and the
609:Red Army
292:(total)
248:Strength
91:Sakhalin
62:Location
1938:History
1910:Marines
1547:Kokutai
1452:Symbols
1432:TaishÅ
1389:Statism
1332:Economy
1013:. 1919.
924:Beijing
803:Suffolk
759:Suffolk
718:Siberia
667:Qingdao
647:Germany
66:Former
2336:Malaya
2311:Borneo
2247:Taiwan
2242:Nan'yÅ
2232:ChÅsen
2225:naichi
1440:ShÅwa
1424:Meiji
1399:Kazoku
1347:System
1261:
1242:
1223:
1204:
1182:
888:Mitsui
657:. The
578:ã·ããªã¢åºå
µ
140:
127:
115:
75:Result
2316:Burma
2034:Entry
1728:Peers
1592:Senbu
1577:TokkÅ
1044:(PDF)
896:Chita
807:Asahi
795:Iwami
790:Asahi
784:Iwami
762:from
290:3,116
268:7,791
1646:Navy
1641:Army
1259:ISBN
1240:ISBN
1221:ISBN
1202:ISBN
1180:ISBN
946:and
894:and
855:Diet
787:and
671:Tsar
635:and
571:The
52:Date
1636:War
740:at
2471::
2185:,
1096:^
1077:^
1059:^
1019:^
886:,
805:.
581:,
2222:(
2189:)
2181:(
1295:e
1288:t
1281:v
1267:.
1248:.
1229:.
1210:.
1188:.
1053:.
979:Â¥
588:)
575:(
480:e
473:t
466:v
330:e
323:t
316:v
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