1882:
1473:: Where the institutions of the republic, the independence of the nation, the integrity of its territory or the fulfilment of its international commitments are under serious and immediate threat, and where the proper functioning of the constitutional public authorities is interrupted, the president of the republic shall take the measures required by these circumstances, after formally consulting the prime minister, the presidents of the assemblies and the Constitutional Council. He shall inform the nation of these measures in a message. The measures must stem from the desire to provide the constitutional public authorities, in the shortest possible time, with the means to carry out their duties. The Constitutional Council shall be consulted with regard to such measures. Parliament shall convene as of right. The National Assembly shall not be dissolved during the exercise of the emergency powers.
1986:, a member of the National Assembly, the facilities comprised: a security detail, a car with a chauffeur, first class train tickets and an office or housing space, as well as a two people who service the space. In addition, funds are available for seven permanent assistants. President Hollande announced a reform of the system in 2016. Former presidents of France will no longer receive a car with chauffeur and the personnel in their living space was cut as well. Additionally, the number of assistants available for their use has been reduced, but a state flat or house remains available for former officeholders. Train tickets are also available if the trip is justified by the office of the former officeholder as part of official business. The security personnel around former presidents of France remained unchanged.
1901:, those whose pay grades are known as letters and not as numeric indices). In addition they are paid a residence stipend of 3%, and a function stipend of 25% on top of the salary and residence indemnity. This gross salary and these indemnities are the same as those of the prime minister, and are 50% higher than the highest paid to other members of the government, which is itself defined as twice the average of the highest (pay grade G) and the lowest (pay grade A1) salaries in the "out of scale" pay grades. Using the 2008 "out of scale" pay grades, it amounts to a monthly pay of 20,963 euros, which fits the 19,000 euros quoted to the press in early 2008. Using the pay grades starting from 1 July 2009, this amounts to a gross monthly pay of €21,131. The salary and the residence stipend are taxable for
5215:
49:
1433:: The president of the republic may, after consulting the prime minister and the presidents of the assemblies, declare the National Assembly dissolved. A general election shall take place not less than twenty days and not more than forty days after the dissolution. The National Assembly shall convene as of right on the second Thursday following its election. Should it so convene outside the period prescribed for the ordinary session, a session shall be called by right for a fifteen-day period. No further dissolution shall take place within a year following this election.
5176:
63:
2658:
1819:, the Constitutional Council may rule, by a majority vote, that the presidency is to be temporarily assumed by the president of the Senate. If the Council rules that the incapacity is permanent, the same procedure as for the resignation is applied, as described above. If the president cannot attend meetings, including meetings of the Council of Ministers, they can ask the prime minister to attend in their stead (Constitution, article 21). This clause has been applied by presidents travelling abroad, ill, or undergoing surgery. During the
79:
5202:
4660:
3308:
4592:
3252:
5150:
353:
5397:
5410:
4898:
3504:
5358:
5345:
1524:
petty crimes (it was also a way of reducing jail overpopulation). This practice had been increasingly criticized, particularly because it was believed to inspire people to commit traffic offences in the months preceding the election. Such an amnesty law would also authorize the president to designate individuals who have committed certain categories of crimes to be offered amnesty, if certain conditions are met. Such individual measures have been criticized for the political
5371:
4864:
3476:
5450:
1998:
4847:
3462:
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5163:
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3420:
4983:
4609:
3574:
3266:
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4932:
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1805:, meaning the Cabinet. This has been interpreted by some constitutional academics as meaning first the prime minister and, if they are themselves not able to act, the members of the cabinet in the order of the list of the decree that nominated them. This is in fact unlikely to happen, because if the president of the Senate is not able to act, the Senate will normally name a new president of the Senate, who will act as President of the Republic.
5228:
5072:
5055:
5036:
4779:
4626:
4555:
3406:
3280:
4949:
4694:
4677:
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3336:
3322:
3238:
5384:
4830:
4643:
3448:
3294:
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5254:
4881:
4745:
3490:
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1565:
5017:
3602:
5189:
4915:
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5332:
5241:
4728:
3364:
5438:
2012:
871:
5293:
4813:
3434:
5306:
5267:
5000:
3588:
1966:, a courtesy diplomatic passport, and, according to the French Constitution (Article 56), membership of the Constitutional Council. They also get personnel, an apartment and/or office, and other amenities, though the legal basis for these is disputed. The current system for providing personnel and other amenities to the former French presidents was devised in 1981 by
1404:: The president of the republic shall appoint the prime minister. He shall terminate the appointment of the prime minister when the latter tenders the resignation of the Government. On the proposal of the prime minister, he shall appoint the other members of the Government and terminate their appointments.
1416:
The president of the republic shall promulgate acts of parliament within fifteen days following the final adoption of an act and its transmission to the
Government. He may, before the expiry of this time limit, ask Parliament to reconsider the act or sections of the Act. Reconsideration shall not be
1224:
There are exactly 45,543 elected officials, including 33,872 mayors. Spending and financing of campaigns and political parties are highly regulated. There is a cap on spending (at approximately €20 million) and government public financing of 50% of spending if the candidate scores more than 5%.
1523:
Before the 2008 constitutional reform forbidding them, there was a tradition of so-called "presidential amnesties", which are something of a misnomer: after the election of a president, and of a
National Assembly of the same party, parliament would traditionally vote a law granting amnesty for some
1277:
When the majority of the
Assembly sides with them, the president can take a more active role and may further influence government policy. The prime minister is then a more personal choice of the president, and can be easily replaced if the administration becomes unpopular. This device has been used
1355:
The president names the prime minister. In theory, they cannot directly dismiss them, but at least a few recent PMs are known to have given an undated letter of resignation for themselves to the president upon taking office, and the president generally has some influence over the PM. The president
1794:
The first round of a new presidential election must be organized no sooner than twenty days and no later than thirty-five days following the vacancy of the presidency. Fifteen days can separate the first and second rounds of a presidential election; this means that the president of the Senate can
1398:: The president of the republic shall see that the Constitution is observed. He shall ensure, by his arbitration, the proper functioning of the public authorities and the continuity of the State. He shall be the guarantor of national independence, territorial integrity and observance of treaties.
1257:
that has the sole power to dismiss the prime minister's government, the president is forced to name a prime minister who can command the support of a majority in the assembly. Since 2002, the legislative elections are held a few weeks after the presidential; a majority supporting the president's
1054:
the president was at first quite powerful, mainly because the royalist party was strong when the constitutional laws of 1875 were established, and it was hoped that a member of one of the two branches of the royal family would be able to serve as president and turn France into a constitutional
1528:
that they allow. The difference between an amnesty and a presidential pardon is that the former clears all subsequent effects of the sentencing, as though the crime had not been committed, while pardon simply relieves the sentenced individual from part or all of the remainder of the sentence.
1419:
While the
President has to sign all acts adopted by parliament into law, he cannot refuse to do so and exercise a kind of right of veto; his only power in that matter is to ask for a single reconsideration of the law by parliament and this power is subject to countersigning by the Prime
1798:
During this interim period, acting presidents are not allowed to dismiss the national assembly, nor are they allowed to call for a referendum or initiate any constitutional changes. If there is no president of the Senate, the powers of the president of the republic are exercised by the
2510:
Décret n 2009-824 du 3 juillet 2009 portant majoration à compter du 1 juillet 2009 de la rémunération des personnels civils et militaires de l'État, des personnels des collectivités territoriales et des établissements publics d'hospitalisation et portant attribution de points d'indice
1376:) to convicted criminals; the president can also lessen or suppress criminal sentences. This was of crucial importance when France still operated the death penalty: criminals sentenced to death would generally request that the president commute their sentence to life imprisonment.
1546:
is suspended during their term, and enquiries and prosecutions can be restarted, at the latest one month after they leave office. The president is not deemed personally responsible for their actions in their official capacity, except where their actions are indicted before the
1225:
If the candidate receives less than 5% of the vote, the government funds €8,000,000 to the party (€4,000,000 paid in advance). Advertising on TV is forbidden, but official time is given to candidates on public TV. An independent agency regulates election and party financing.
1791:'s death while in office. In this situation, the president of the Senate becomes Acting President of the Republic; they do not become the new president of the Republic as elected and therefore do not have to resign from their position as President of the Senate.
1555:
can be pronounced by the
Republican High Court, a special court convened from both houses of Parliament on the proposal of either House, should the president have failed to discharge their duties in a way that evidently precludes the continuation of their term.
1192:, which ensures that the elected president always obtains a majority: if no candidate receives a majority of votes in the first round of voting, the two highest-scoring candidates arrive at a run-off. After a new president is elected, they go through a solemn
2210:
1812:
the president of the
Council of Ministers acted as president whenever the office was vacant. According to article 7 of the Constitution, if the presidency becomes vacant for any reason, or if the president becomes incapacitated, upon the request of the
1537:
Articles 67 and 68 organize the regime of criminal responsibility of the president. They were reformed by a 2007 constitutional act in order to clarify a situation that previously resulted in legal controversies. The president of the
Republic enjoys
1938:, in Southeastern France, is the official presidential vacation residence. In 2013, it became a national monument and is opened to the public some moments since 2014. The French president's private quarters there are still available for their use.
1175:
were previously the only presidents to date who have served a full two terms (14 years for the former, 12 years for the latter). Incumbent
Emmanuel Macron is the fourth president (after de Gaulle, Mitterrand, and Chirac) to win re-election, having
1258:
party or at the very least not opposing the president's choice is therefore very likely to be obtained. They have also the duty of arbitrating the functioning of governmental authorities for efficient service, as the head of state of France.
1505:: The president of the republic shall communicate with the two assemblies of Parliament by means of messages, which he shall cause to be read and which shall not be the occasion for any debate. He can also give an address in front of the
1515:: Acts of the president of the republic, other than those provided for under articles 8 (first paragraph), 11, 12, 16, 18, 54, 56 and 61, shall be countersigned by the prime minister and, where required, by the appropriate ministers.
949:. As the presidency is the supreme magistracy of the country, the position is the highest office in France. The powers, functions and duties of prior presidential offices, in addition to their relation with the
1245:, through their government as well as Parliament, oversees much of the nation's actual day-to-day domestic affairs, the French president wields significant influence and authority, especially in the fields of
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2420:, article 7: "In case of a vacancy due to a decease or for any cause, the two houses of Parliament elect a new president. In the meantime, the executive power is vested in the council of ministers."
5063:
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2402:
1380:
All decisions of the president must be countersigned by the prime minister, except dissolving the
National Assembly, choice of prime minister, and other dispositions referred to in Article 19.
2398:
The exact title is "President of the Senate, exercising provisionally the functions of the
President of the Republic"; see how Alain Poher is referred to on signing statutes into law, e.g.
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166:
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3015:
3193:
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2319:
Décret n 2001-213 du 8 novembre 2001 portant application de la loi n 62-1292 du 6 novembre 1962 relative à l'élection du Président de la République au suffrage universel
1762:
2545:
Loi n 55–366 du 3 avril 1955 relative au développement des crédits affectés aux dépenses du ministère des finances et des affaires économiques pour l'exercice 1955
2399:
2025:
1097:
changed the constitution, so that the president would be directly elected by universal suffrage and not by the electoral college established in 1958. In 2000, a
1626:
3653:
1294:
Since 2002, the mandate of the president and the Assembly are both five years, and the two elections are close to each other. Therefore, the likelihood of a
488:
2601:
1467:: The president of the republic shall be commander-in-chief of the armed forces. He shall preside over the higher national defence councils and committees.
2232:
2196:
1071:
promised in 1879 that he would not use his presidential power of dissolution, and therefore lost his control over the legislature, effectively creating a
5116:
1551:(France is a member of the ICC and the president is a French citizen as another following the Court's rules) or where impeachment is moved against them.
380:
2430:
2059:
1086:
was created, after the Second World War, it was a parliamentary system, in which the office of President of the Republic was a largely ceremonial one.
3094:
3646:
2586:
820:
1893:
The president of the Republic is paid a salary according to a pay grade defined in comparison to the pay grades of the most senior members of the
1755:
1881:
5109:
2720:
2685:
1726:
2639:. Explores mythology and symbolism in French political culture through a study of the personas crafted by de Gaulle and his five successors.
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4403:
2621:
4375:
1748:
1716:
1706:
1696:
668:
504:
296:
1962:
According to French law, former presidents of the Republic have guaranteed lifetime pension defined according to the pay grade of the
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1731:
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1616:
1611:
1601:
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during their term: they cannot be requested to testify before any jurisdiction, they cannot be prosecuted, etc. However, the
1141:
1098:
2285:
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power relies on a supportive prime minister and National Assembly, and is not directly attributed to the post of president.
3106:
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1447:
deliberated upon in the Council of Ministers. He shall make appointments to the civil and military posts of the State.
557:
3223:
2678:
2330:
1828:
1676:
1362:
The president names certain members of the Constitutional Council. (Former presidents are also members of this council)
1342:
982:
942:
572:
3143:
3003:
2904:
1211:, for "sponsors") from more than 500 elected local officials, mostly mayors. These officials must be from at least 30
1140:
decided the head of state. The length of the presidential term was reduced from seven years to five years following a
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997:
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is the only person to have served in this temporary position, and has done so twice: the first time in 1969 after
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1319:
1205:
In order to be admitted as an official candidate, potential candidates must receive signed nominations (known as
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67:
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When a majority of the Assembly has opposite political views to that of the president, this leads to political
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161:
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1975:
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1315:: when presented with a law, they can request another reading of it by the Parliament, but only once per law.
809:
799:
766:
483:
2374:
1963:
1040:
540:
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4044:
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2030:
1621:
1548:
408:
20:
5194:
2307:
Loi n 62-1292 du 6 novembre 1962 relative à l'élection du Président de la République au suffrage universel
4159:
3859:
1250:
894:
814:
794:
787:
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334:
53:
1691:
978:
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418:
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2361:
Loi constitutionnelle n 2007-238 du 23 février 2007 portant modification du titre IX de la Constitution
1701:
1328:
1254:
1253:. The president's greatest power is the ability to choose the prime minister. However, since it is the
1238:
706:
479:
1711:
1646:
1606:
1427:
The president could submit laws to the people in a referendum with advice and consent of the cabinet.
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3824:
3185:
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804:
1921:
1681:
5025:
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4838:
4770:
4295:
4254:
4229:
4219:
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4199:
4149:
4114:
4099:
3396:
3242:
1939:
1824:
1242:
950:
550:
428:
239:
2569:
2072:
1666:
1651:
1631:
1241:. Unlike most other European heads of state, the French president is quite powerful. Although the
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3714:
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1843:
761:
366:
104:
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3834:
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2702:
1935:
1847:
1820:
1543:
1389:
1338:, within certain conditions (among them the agreement of the prime minister or the Parliament).
1083:
1028:
958:
852:
264:
229:
3102:
2431:"Ordonnance n 58-1067 du 7 novembre 1958 portant loi organique sur le Conseil constitutionnel"
1971:
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1168:
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1982:. In 2008, according to an answer by the services of the prime minister to a question from
1894:
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1509:
in Versailles. Outside sessions, Parliament shall be convened especially for this purpose.
1072:
954:
453:
395:
48:
3638:
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3139:
2073:"Louis Philippe, King of the French | Special Collections | Library | University of Leeds"
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8:
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constitutional law of 2008 on the modernization of the institutions of the Fifth Republic
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From 1875 to 2008, the President was prohibited from entering the houses of Parliament.
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343:
186:
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97:
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for a limited period of time in exceptional circumstance, has been used only once, by
1105:) to five years (Quinquennat). A maximum of two consecutive terms was imposed after a
62:
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1983:
1784:
1485:
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1137:
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1031:, the title was created for a popularly elected head of state, the first of whom was
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472:
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also names and dismisses the other ministers, with the advice of the prime minister.
508:
4612:
4384:
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2464:
Décret n 2002-1058 du 6 août 2002 relatif au traitement des membres du Gouvernement
1979:
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1021:
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171:
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or overseas collectivities, and no more than 10% of them should be from the same
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209:
86:
78:
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The constitutional attributions of the president are defined in Title II of the
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or collectivity. Furthermore, each official may nominate only one candidate.
1068:
957:, have over time differed with the various constitutional documents since the
352:
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2017:
1410:: The president of the republic shall preside over the Council of Ministers.
1063:
had unsuccessfully tried to obtain a new royalist majority by dissolving the
934:
875:
677:
439:
140:
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Dépenses de campagne: énorme ardoise pour LO, la LCR s'en tire sans déficit
1795:
only act as President of the Republic for a maximum period of fifty days.
1489:
1305:
1032:
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Political Leadership in France: From Charles de Gaulle to Nicolas Sarkozy
2496:
1859:
1780:
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1193:
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1997:
1931:
is normally open to visitors when not used for (rare) official meetings;
1924:
is normally open to visitors when not used for (rare) official meetings;
1775:
Upon the death in office, removal, or resignation of the president, the
5220:
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4338:
1. Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on geographical definition.
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2148:
1902:
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1440:
1335:
1268:. In that case, the President's power is diminished, since much of the
687:
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2418:
Loi du 25 février 1875 relative à l'organisation des pouvoirs publics
1917:, standing next to the Élysée Palace, houses foreign official guests;
1525:
1334:
The president may refer treaties or certain types of laws to popular
624:
1359:
The president names most officials (with the assent of the cabinet).
5311:
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4931:
4608:
4353:
3573:
3559:
3531:
3265:
1564:
1270:
1036:
2452:
Loi n 2002-1050 du 6 août 2002 de finances rectificative pour 2002
5253:
4948:
4778:
4744:
4710:
4693:
4676:
4625:
4591:
4574:
3545:
3405:
3377:
3349:
3335:
3321:
3279:
3251:
3237:
2099:
A history of the French in London: liberty, equality, opportunity
1373:
692:
619:
2175:"The French National Assembly - Constitution of October 4, 1958"
1012:
The presidency of France was first publicly proposed during the
5383:
5331:
5318:
5240:
5201:
5188:
5016:
4914:
4829:
4761:
4727:
4642:
3601:
3517:
3447:
3391:
3363:
3293:
2379:
2272:"French election: Historic win but Macron has polarised France"
1499:: The president of the republic has the right to grant pardon.
1369:
1093:, adopted in 1958, greatly increased the president's powers. A
938:
5305:
5292:
5266:
5214:
4999:
4880:
4812:
3587:
3489:
3433:
1989:
1075:
that would be maintained for 80 years until the accession of
985:
in Rome, although some have rejected the title in the past.
198:
2177:. 13 March 2013. Archived from the original on 13 March 2013
1905:. The official residence and office of the president is the
1167:, a president cannot serve more than two consecutive terms.
3789:
3668:
2557:
Arrêté du 11 février 2009 relatif au passeport diplomatique
2378:, Revue française de droit constitutionnel, n° 49 –2002/1,
1942:
became an official presidential vacation residence in 2007.
1312:
1532:
315:
5136:
2651:
2247:"IFES Election Guide | Elections: France Referendum 2000"
2101:. London: Institute of Historical Research. p. 115.
2213:. 10 May 2013. Archived from the original on 10 May 2013
2026:
List of French non-presidential heads of state by tenure
1568:
Alain Poher, Acting President of France in 1969 and 1974
1043:
against the republic, proclaiming himself Napoleon III,
1318:
The president may also refer the law for review to the
1027:
Eighteen years later, during the opening phases of the
981:. The officeholder is also honorary proto-canon of the
2375:
La responsabilité pénale du président de la République
1156:
and again in 2002, and would have been able to run in
5426:
2602:
Hollande rabote les privilèges des anciens présidents
1461:
and envoys extraordinary shall be accredited to him.
4341:
2. Recognised by at least one United Nations member.
1993:
1866:
on 7 May 1932, aged 75, the oldest to die in office.
1457:
and envoys extraordinary to foreign powers; foreign
1144:; the first election for a shorter term was held in
2488:
Le salaire du Premier ministre a doublé depuis 2002
2060:
Président de la République: 14 910 € bruts par mois
1039:. Bonaparte served as president until he staged an
381:
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
1188:French presidential elections are conducted using
1101:shortened the presidential term from seven years (
1059:was dominated by Republicans, and after President
2372:For all this section, see Articles 67 and 68 and
1909:in Paris. Other presidential residences include:
1383:
1160:had he chosen to, given the lack of term limits.
5468:
4344:3. Not recognised by any United Nations members.
2231:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
2195:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1827:. The only person to ever hold the position was
5083:) (partially attending, non-member, non-voting)
1787:'s resignation and a second time in 1974 after
1453:: The president of the republic shall accredit
2624:A primer from the Council on Foreign Relations
1876:
1641:
5131:
5117:
4369:
3654:
3201:
3177:
2679:
1779:'s president takes over as acting president.
1756:
1439:The president of the republic shall sign the
1300:is lower. Among the powers of the president:
1132:, the president has been directly elected by
902:
2096:
1839:Four French presidents have died in office:
1814:
1800:
1559:
1295:
1206:
1197:
964:The president of the French Republic is the
37:
2587:Journal officiel de la République française
1480:, allowing the president a limited form of
1365:The president receives foreign ambassadors.
5124:
5110:
4376:
4362:
3661:
3647:
3208:
3194:
2686:
2672:
2656:
2476:Grille de salaires de la fonction publique
2211:"Décision n° 62-20 DC du 06 novembre 1962"
1990:Lists relating to the presidents of France
1889:, the principal residence of the president
1763:
1749:
909:
895:
3165:Acting presidents are denoted by italics.
1518:
98:Executive branch of the French Government
2693:
1974:, in order to care for former president
1880:
1856:, who died on 16 February 1899, aged 58.
1563:
221:Five years, renewable once consecutively
3669:Heads of state and government of Europe
1957:
1533:Criminal responsibility and impeachment
5469:
2524:"General tax code, art. 80 undecies A"
2097:Cornick, Martyn; Kelly, Debra (2013).
2036:List of presidents of France by tenure
821:Ministry of Europe and Foreign Affairs
5105:
4357:
3642:
3189:
3176:
2667:
1492:, from 23 April to 29 September 1961.
167:Defence and National Security Council
4383:
1872:, who died on 2 April 1974, aged 62.
1183:
1016:of 1830, when it was offered to the
931:Président de la République française
39:Président de la République française
2622:How Powerful Is France's President?
1348:The president may order the use of
13:
5066:) (present non-member, non-voting)
2615:
2441:from the original on 3 April 2019.
1978:and the widow of former President
1946:
1834:
1829:Henri Georges Boulay de la Meurthe
1020:. He demurred in favour of Prince
983:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
14:
5508:
4245:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
3915:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
2643:
1953:2022 French presidential election
1024:, who became King of the French.
516:Congress of the French Parliament
5448:
5436:
5408:
5395:
5382:
5369:
5356:
5343:
5330:
5317:
5304:
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3390:
3376:
3362:
3348:
3334:
3320:
3306:
3292:
3278:
3264:
3250:
3236:
2041:French presidential inauguration
2010:
1996:
1163:Following a further change, the
1119:Presidential elections in France
927:president of the French Republic
869:
558:Cour de Justice de la RĂ©publique
351:
77:
61:
47:
31:President of the French Republic
2592:
2576:
2562:
2550:
2538:
2526:(in French). Legifrance.gouv.fr
2516:
2503:
2490:, citing an interview given by
2481:
2469:
2457:
2445:
2423:
2411:
2392:
2366:
2354:
2345:
2324:
2312:
2300:
2278:
1327:The president may dissolve the
1311:The president has a suspensive
2264:
2239:
2203:
2167:
2141:
2115:
2090:
2065:
2053:
1384:Detailed constitutional powers
1123:
830:Politics of the European Union
297:President of the French Senate
1:
5497:1959 establishments in France
5492:1871 establishments in France
5487:1848 establishments in France
2046:
810:France and the United Nations
54:Emblem of the French Republic
2631:(Palgrave Macmillan; 2012),
2031:List of presidents of France
1970:, then advisor to President
1549:International Criminal Court
1202:("handing over of powers").
1130:1962 presidential referendum
1000:, and was inaugurated for a
254:; 176 years ago
21:List of presidents of France
7:
5081:President of the Parliament
5045:President of the Commission
2589:on 24 June 2008 page: 5368.
1877:Pay and official residences
1112:
10:
5513:
2585:, answer published in the
2570:"19 June 2008 Proceedings"
2123:"Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte"
1950:
1862:, who was assassinated by
1846:, who was assassinated by
1368:The president may grant a
1116:
1107:2008 constitutional reform
1007:
660:Provence-Alpes-CĂ´te d'Azur
18:
5143:
5090:
4549:
4391:
4334:
4314:
4283:
4015:
4004:
3984:
3953:
3685:
3674:
3616:
3230:
3183:
3178:Links to related articles
3163:
3032:
2984:
2732:
2701:
2149:"Jules Grévy 1879 – 1887"
1850:on 25 June 1894, aged 56.
1560:Succession and incapacity
1343:Chief of the Armed Forces
1228:
988:The current president is
310:
302:
292:
245:
235:
225:
215:
205:
192:
180:
154:
128:
103:
96:
74:
60:
46:
35:
30:
3086:Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
2712:Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte
2466:, article 1 (in French).
1976:Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
1927:the Domaine national de
1329:French National Assembly
1255:French National Assembly
1243:Prime Minister of France
1239:semi-presidential system
1089:The Constitution of the
1033:Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte
573:Administrative divisions
333:This article is part of
240:Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte
4120:Holy See (Vatican City)
3790:Holy See (Vatican City)
1055:monarchy. However, the
979:National Order of Merit
605:Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
226:Constituting instrument
16:Head of state of France
4060:Bosnia and Herzegovina
3730:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1922:Château de Rambouillet
1890:
1848:Sante Geronimo Caserio
1821:Second French Republic
1815:
1801:
1569:
1519:Presidential amnesties
1390:Constitution of France
1322:prior to promulgation.
1320:Constitutional Council
1296:
1207:
1199:passation des pouvoirs
1198:
1079:as president in 1959.
973:, grand master of the
930:
536:Constitutional Council
272:; 65 years ago
230:Constitution of France
91:since 14 May 2017
38:
5093:European Union Portal
2251:www.electionguide.org
1884:
1810:Third French Republic
1567:
1544:statute of limitation
1341:The president is the
1235:French Fifth Republic
1152:was first elected in
1117:Further information:
1045:Emperor of the French
68:Presidential standard
5482:Government of France
5477:Presidents of France
4489:2013 (July–December)
4434:2004 (January–April)
4400:Parties represented
4284:Partially recognised
3954:Partially recognised
2695:Presidents of France
2405:28 July 2020 at the
1964:Councillors of State
1958:Pension and benefits
1895:French Civil Service
1584:Orders of succession
1073:parliamentary system
1035:, nephew of Emperor
1018:Marquis de Lafayette
971:co-prince of Andorra
955:government of France
933:), is the executive
600:Auvergne-RhĂ´ne-Alpes
591:Metropolitan regions
162:Council of Ministers
5064:High Representative
4484:2013 (January–June)
4439:2004 (May–December)
4315:Unrecognised states
3985:Unrecognised states
3103:François Mitterrand
2913:Alexandre Millerand
2811:Jean Casimir-Perier
2760:Patrice de MacMahon
2077:library.leeds.ac.uk
2062:, Le Journal Du Net
1972:François Mitterrand
1280:François Mitterrand
1278:in recent years by
1169:François Mitterrand
1065:Chambre des Députés
1061:Patrice de MacMahon
947:French Armed Forces
923:president of France
615:Centre-Val de Loire
270:4 October 1958
136:Executive President
4220:Russian Federation
3890:Russian Federation
2288:. 16 November 2012
2155:. 15 November 2018
2129:. 15 November 2018
1891:
1570:
1507:Congress of France
1196:ceremony called a
1134:universal suffrage
943:commander-in-chief
858:Political scandals
645:Nouvelle-Aquitaine
546:Court of Cassation
344:Politics of France
306:€182,000 per annum
146:Commander-in-chief
5464:
5463:
5424:
5423:
5099:
5098:
4351:
4350:
4330:
4329:
4016:UN members
4000:
3999:
3686:UN members
3636:
3635:
3170:
3169:
3140:François Hollande
3043:Charles de Gaulle
2637:978-0-230-36037-2
2608:, 5 October 2016.
2388:978-2-13-052789-3
2108:978-1-905165-86-5
1936:Fort de Brégançon
1897:("out of scale",
1785:Charles de Gaulle
1773:
1772:
1486:Charles de Gaulle
1288:François Hollande
1247:national security
1184:Electoral process
1148:. Then-president
1138:electoral college
1136:; previously, an
1082:Indeed, when the
1077:Charles de Gaulle
994:François Hollande
925:, officially the
919:
918:
876:France portal
815:Foreign alliances
788:Foreign relations
775:Political parties
480:National Assembly
328:
327:
5504:
5453:
5452:
5441:
5440:
5439:
5432:
5413:
5412:
5400:
5399:
5387:
5386:
5374:
5373:
5361:
5360:
5348:
5347:
5335:
5334:
5322:
5321:
5309:
5308:
5296:
5295:
5283:
5282:
5270:
5269:
5257:
5256:
5244:
5243:
5231:
5230:
5218:
5217:
5205:
5204:
5192:
5191:
5179:
5178:
5166:
5165:
5153:
5152:
5126:
5119:
5112:
5103:
5102:
5075:
5074:
5058:
5057:
5039:
5038:
5023:
5019:
5006:
5002:
4989:
4985:
4972:
4968:
4955:
4951:
4938:
4934:
4921:
4917:
4904:
4900:
4887:
4883:
4870:
4866:
4853:
4849:
4836:
4832:
4819:
4815:
4802:
4798:
4785:
4781:
4768:
4764:
4751:
4747:
4734:
4730:
4717:
4713:
4700:
4696:
4683:
4679:
4666:
4662:
4649:
4645:
4632:
4628:
4615:
4611:
4598:
4594:
4581:
4577:
4557:
4396:List of meetings
4385:European Council
4378:
4371:
4364:
4355:
4354:
4013:
4012:
3683:
3682:
3663:
3656:
3649:
3640:
3639:
3626:
3625:
3624:
3609:
3605:
3604:
3595:
3591:
3590:
3581:
3577:
3576:
3567:
3563:
3562:
3553:
3549:
3548:
3539:
3535:
3534:
3525:
3521:
3520:
3511:
3509:Willem-Alexander
3507:
3506:
3497:
3493:
3492:
3483:
3479:
3478:
3469:
3465:
3464:
3455:
3451:
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3441:
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3427:
3423:
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3413:
3409:
3408:
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3394:
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3343:
3339:
3338:
3329:
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3324:
3315:
3311:
3310:
3301:
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3283:
3282:
3273:
3269:
3268:
3259:
3255:
3254:
3245:
3241:
3240:
3210:
3203:
3196:
3187:
3186:
3174:
3173:
3115:
3098:
3073:
3061:Georges Pompidou
3024:
3007:
2976:
2959:
2942:
2930:Gaston Doumergue
2925:
2908:
2891:
2879:Raymond Poincaré
2874:
2862:Armand Fallières
2857:
2840:
2823:
2806:
2789:
2772:
2755:
2724:
2688:
2681:
2674:
2665:
2664:
2660:
2655:
2654:
2652:Official website
2609:
2600:
2596:
2590:
2580:
2574:
2573:
2566:
2560:
2554:
2548:
2542:
2536:
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2520:
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2507:
2501:
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2467:
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2449:
2443:
2442:
2427:
2421:
2415:
2409:
2396:
2390:
2370:
2364:
2358:
2352:
2349:
2343:
2342:
2339:, 24 April 2007
2328:
2322:
2316:
2310:
2304:
2298:
2297:
2295:
2293:
2282:
2276:
2275:
2274:. 24 April 2022.
2268:
2262:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2243:
2237:
2236:
2230:
2222:
2220:
2218:
2207:
2201:
2200:
2194:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2171:
2165:
2164:
2162:
2160:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2069:
2063:
2057:
2020:
2015:
2014:
2013:
2006:
2001:
2000:
1980:Georges Pompidou
1915:HĂ´tel de Marigny
1870:Georges Pompidou
1818:
1804:
1789:Georges Pompidou
1765:
1758:
1751:
1586:
1572:
1571:
1299:
1210:
1201:
1067:, his successor
1057:next legislature
992:, who succeeded
975:Legion of Honour
911:
904:
897:
874:
873:
872:
716:French Polynesia
707:Overseas country
669:Overseas regions
655:Pays de la Loire
541:Council of State
493:Yaël Braun-Pivet
355:
330:
329:
324:
321:
319:
317:
280:
278:
273:
262:
260:
255:
236:Inaugural holder
172:European Council
81:
65:
51:
42:
41:
28:
27:
19:For a list, see
5512:
5511:
5507:
5506:
5505:
5503:
5502:
5501:
5467:
5466:
5465:
5460:
5459:
5447:
5437:
5435:
5427:
5425:
5420:
5407:
5394:
5381:
5368:
5355:
5342:
5329:
5316:
5303:
5290:
5277:
5264:
5251:
5238:
5225:
5212:
5199:
5186:
5173:
5160:
5147:
5139:
5130:
5100:
5095:
5086:
5069:
5052:
5033:
5014:
4997:
4980:
4963:
4946:
4929:
4912:
4895:
4878:
4861:
4844:
4827:
4810:
4793:
4776:
4759:
4742:
4725:
4708:
4691:
4674:
4657:
4647:Christodoulides
4640:
4623:
4606:
4589:
4572:
4545:
4387:
4382:
4352:
4347:
4326:
4310:
4301:Northern Cyprus
4279:
4195:North Macedonia
4017:
4007:
3996:
3980:
3971:Northern Cyprus
3949:
3865:North Macedonia
3687:
3677:
3670:
3667:
3637:
3632:
3622:
3620:
3612:
3607:Carl XVI Gustaf
3599:
3598:
3585:
3584:
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3570:
3557:
3556:
3543:
3542:
3537:Rebelo de Sousa
3529:
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3515:
3514:
3501:
3500:
3487:
3486:
3473:
3472:
3459:
3458:
3445:
3444:
3431:
3430:
3417:
3416:
3403:
3402:
3397:Sakellaropoulou
3389:
3388:
3375:
3374:
3361:
3360:
3347:
3346:
3333:
3332:
3319:
3318:
3305:
3304:
3299:Christodoulides
3291:
3290:
3277:
3276:
3263:
3262:
3249:
3248:
3235:
3234:
3226:
3214:
3179:
3171:
3166:
3159:
3150:Emmanuel Macron
3130:Nicolas Sarkozy
3109:
3092:
3067:
3028:
3018:
3001:
2986:Fourth Republic
2980:
2970:
2953:
2936:
2919:
2902:
2885:
2868:
2851:
2834:
2817:
2800:
2783:
2766:
2749:
2728:
2718:
2703:Second Republic
2697:
2692:
2650:
2649:
2646:
2618:
2616:Further reading
2613:
2612:
2598:
2597:
2593:
2581:
2577:
2568:
2567:
2563:
2555:
2551:
2543:
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2522:
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2517:
2508:
2504:
2492:Nicolas Sarkozy
2486:
2482:
2474:
2470:
2462:
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5047:(non-voting)
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4322:Transnistria
3992:Transnistria
3769:
3154:2017–present
3077:
3052:
2845:Émile Loubet
2628:
2605:
2594:
2578:
2564:
2559:, article 1.
2556:
2552:
2544:
2540:
2528:. Retrieved
2518:
2513:(in French).
2509:
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2336:Metro France
2334:
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2309:, article 4.
2306:
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2290:. Retrieved
2280:
2266:
2254:. Retrieved
2250:
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2215:. Retrieved
2205:
2179:. Retrieved
2169:
2157:. Retrieved
2152:
2143:
2131:. Retrieved
2126:
2117:
2098:
2092:
2080:. Retrieved
2076:
2067:
2055:
1984:René Dosière
1961:
1899:hors Ă©chelle
1898:
1892:
1838:
1816:Gouvernement
1807:
1802:Gouvernement
1797:
1793:
1774:
1593:Presidencies
1581:
1536:
1522:
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1490:Algerian War
1477:
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1407:
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1387:
1379:
1372:(but not an
1297:cohabitation
1293:
1269:
1265:cohabitation
1263:
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1223:
1218:
1214:départements
1212:
1204:
1187:
1162:
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853:Human rights
752:Presidential
724:
705:
667:
589:
579:
556:
452:
427:
403:
402:
379:
210:Popular vote
121:(diplomatic)
113:Mr President
25:
5403:Charles III
5208:Charles III
5182:Charles III
5021:Kristersson
4681:Frederiksen
4260:Switzerland
4190:Netherlands
3930:Switzerland
3860:Netherlands
3110: [
3093: [
3079:Alain Poher
3068: [
3054:Alain Poher
3019: [
3002: [
2988:(1947–1958)
2971: [
2954: [
2947:Paul Doumer
2937: [
2920: [
2903: [
2886: [
2869: [
2852: [
2835: [
2828:FĂ©lix Faure
2818: [
2801: [
2794:Sadi Carnot
2784: [
2777:Jules Grévy
2767: [
2750: [
2736:(1870–1940)
2719: [
2705:(1848–1852)
2599:(in French)
2497:Le Parisien
2363:(in French)
2341:(in French)
2321:, article 6
2256:18 February
2217:18 February
2181:18 February
2133:18 February
2082:18 February
1940:La Lanterne
1860:Paul Doumer
1854:FĂ©lix Faure
1844:Sadi Carnot
1808:During the
1781:Alain Poher
1697:Philippines
1677:South Korea
1553:Impeachment
1488:during the
1459:ambassadors
1455:ambassadors
1437:Article 13:
1425:Article 11:
1414:Article 10:
1306:promulgates
1219:département
1208:parrainages
1194:investiture
1124:Term limits
1069:Jules Grévy
1002:second term
998:14 May 2017
977:and of the
757:Legislative
747:Referendums
726:Departments
473:Legislature
217:Term length
5471:Categories
5299:Mattarella
5260:Steinmeier
4936:Montenegro
4766:Mitsotakis
4225:San Marino
4185:Montenegro
4165:Luxembourg
4145:Kazakhstan
4045:Azerbaijan
4008:government
3895:San Marino
3855:Montenegro
3835:Luxembourg
3815:Kazakhstan
3715:Azerbaijan
3579:Pirc Musar
3565:Pellegrini
3439:Mattarella
3383:Steinmeier
3327:Frederik X
2454:as amended
2435:LĂ©gifrance
2400:law 69-412
2159:8 November
2047:References
1903:income tax
1513:Article 19
1503:Article 18
1497:Article 17
1478:Article 16
1471:Article 16
1465:Article 15
1451:Article 14
1441:ordinances
1431:Article 12
1336:referendum
1128:Since the
1099:referendum
1050:Under the
967:ex officio
941:, and the
688:Martinique
683:Guadeloupe
484:Membership
454:Government
277:1958-10-04
115:(informal)
5364:Ramaphosa
5156:Ghazouani
4630:Plenković
4564:President
4160:Lithuania
3830:Lithuania
3628:EU portal
3593:Felipe VI
3453:Rinkēvičs
3285:Milanović
3144:2012–2017
3134:2007–2012
3124:1995–2007
3107:1981–1995
3090:1974–1981
3082:(interim)
3065:1969–1974
3057:(interim)
3047:1959–1969
3016:1954–1959
3012:René Coty
2999:1947–1954
2968:1932–1940
2951:1931–1932
2934:1924–1931
2917:1920–1924
2883:1913–1920
2866:1906–1913
2849:1899–1906
2832:1895–1899
2815:1894–1895
2798:1887–1894
2781:1879–1887
2764:1873–1879
2747:1871–1873
2716:1848–1851
2292:7 October
2127:elysee.fr
1717:Sri Lanka
1657:Indonesia
1602:Argentina
1526:patronage
1420:minister.
1417:refused.
1408:Article 9
1402:Article 8
1396:Article 5
1103:Septennat
1041:auto coup
929:(French:
767:Municipal
740:Elections
650:Occitania
625:Grand Est
529:Judiciary
505:President
489:President
404:President
396:Executive
246:Formation
206:Appointer
182:Residence
155:Member of
84:Incumbent
5455:Politics
5312:Naruhito
4953:Iohannis
4613:Glavchev
4579:Nehammer
4291:Abkhazia
4240:Slovenia
4235:Slovakia
4210:Portugal
4065:Bulgaria
4006:Heads of
3961:Abkhazia
3910:Slovenia
3905:Slovakia
3880:Portugal
3735:Bulgaria
3678:of state
3551:Iohannis
3257:Philippe
2606:Le Monde
2439:Archived
2403:Archived
2286:"Elysee"
2227:cite web
2191:cite web
1707:Portugal
1687:Pakistan
1627:DR Congo
1617:Colombia
1577:a series
1575:Part of
1540:immunity
1271:de facto
1113:Election
1037:Napoleon
848:Centrism
800:Americas
640:Normandy
610:Brittany
335:a series
201:, France
5429:Portals
5390:ErdoÄźan
5154:
5135:of the
5077:Metsola
5060:Borrell
5004:Sánchez
4868:Frieden
4851:NausÄ—da
4596:De Croo
4270:Ukraine
4215:Romania
4175:Moldova
4135:Ireland
4130:Iceland
4125:Hungary
4110:Germany
4105:Georgia
4095:Finland
4090:Estonia
4085:Denmark
4070:Croatia
4055:Belgium
4050:Belarus
4040:Austria
4035:Armenia
4030:Andorra
4025:Albania
3940:Ukraine
3885:Romania
3845:Moldova
3805:Ireland
3800:Iceland
3795:Hungary
3780:Germany
3775:Georgia
3765:Finland
3760:Estonia
3755:Denmark
3740:Croatia
3725:Belgium
3720:Belarus
3710:Austria
3705:Armenia
3700:Andorra
3695:Albania
3467:NausÄ—da
3425:Higgins
3219:of the
1737:Vietnam
1732:Uruguay
1712:Romania
1672:Ireland
1647:Germany
1637:Finland
1607:Austria
1445:decrees
1374:amnesty
1008:History
945:of the
698:RĂ©union
693:Mayotte
620:Corsica
581:Regions
318:.elysee
311:Website
275: (
257: (
5443:France
5414:
5401:
5388:
5375:
5362:
5351:Salman
5349:
5336:
5323:
5310:
5297:
5286:Jokowi
5284:
5271:
5258:
5247:Macron
5245:
5234:Michel
5232:
5219:
5206:
5193:
5180:
5167:
4902:Schoof
4834:Siliņa
4817:Meloni
4800:Harris
4749:Scholz
4732:Macron
4698:Michal
4296:Kosovo
4265:Turkey
4255:Sweden
4230:Serbia
4205:Poland
4200:Norway
4180:Monaco
4150:Latvia
4115:Greece
4100:France
4075:Cyprus
3966:Kosovo
3935:Turkey
3925:Sweden
3900:Serbia
3875:Poland
3870:Norway
3850:Monaco
3820:Latvia
3785:Greece
3770:France
3745:Cyprus
3411:Sulyok
3369:Macron
2635:
2530:9 June
2511:majoré
2386:
2380:P.U.F.
2153:ÉLYSÉE
2105:
1777:Senate
1722:Taiwan
1702:Poland
1682:Mexico
1662:Israel
1642:France
1612:Brazil
1370:pardon
1308:laws.
1286:, and
1229:Powers
939:France
795:Africa
762:Senate
500:Senate
303:Salary
293:Deputy
129:Status
5416:Biden
5338:Putin
5273:Murmu
5169:Milei
4987:Golob
4885:Abela
4783:Orbán
4664:Fiala
4250:Spain
4170:Malta
4140:Italy
3920:Spain
3840:Malta
3810:Italy
3676:Heads
3481:Henri
3355:Stubb
3341:Karis
3313:Pavel
3271:Radev
3114:]
3097:]
3072:]
3023:]
3006:]
2975:]
2958:]
2941:]
2924:]
2907:]
2890:]
2873:]
2856:]
2839:]
2822:]
2805:]
2788:]
2771:]
2754:]
2723:]
1929:Marly
1667:Italy
1652:India
1632:Egypt
1622:China
1237:is a
460:Attal
199:Paris
105:Style
5377:Yoon
5195:Lula
4970:Fico
4919:Tusk
4715:Orpo
4539:2023
4534:2022
4529:2021
4524:2020
4519:2019
4514:2018
4509:2017
4504:2016
4499:2015
4494:2014
4479:2012
4474:2011
4469:2010
4464:2009
4459:2008
4454:2007
4449:2006
4444:2005
4429:2003
4424:2002
4419:2001
4414:2000
4409:1999
4404:1998
3523:Duda
2900:1920
2633:ISBN
2532:2011
2384:ISBN
2294:2022
2258:2024
2233:link
2219:2024
2197:link
2183:2024
2161:2022
2135:2024
2103:ISBN
2084:2024
1934:the
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