Commander-in-chief

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the "comandante en jefe" rank is not only a function attributed to the executive branch but a full military rank given to the president upon taking office. Upon assumption he receives a saber, epaulette, shoulder knot, shoulder board and sleeve insignia and full military uniform to be used in military events while performing the duties as president. The shoulder insignia mirrors Cuban practice but is derived from the German-styled officer rank insignia.

1899: 4969:; and is thus the present day closest equivalent of a command-in-chief, although not explicitly designated as such. The reason for this change was, apart from the fact that the king was since 1917 no longer expected to make political decisions without ministerial advice, that the new Instrument of Government was intended to be made as descriptive on the workings of the State as possible, and reflective on how decisions are actually made. 5056: 3705:. U.S. ranks have their roots in British military traditions, with the president possessing ultimate authority, but no rank, maintaining a civilian status. The exact degree of authority that the Constitution grants to the president as commander-in-chief has been the subject of much debate throughout history, with Congress at various times granting the president wide authority and at others attempting to restrict that authority. 1184: 1372: 3789: 3323:. All members of the government were at that time trapped/held hostage in Parliament and were unable to counter sign the kings orders. This did not however result in those orders being ruled unenforceable or unconstitutional. The coup collapsed after the king ordered all army units to leave the streets and return to their barracks. Furthermore, article 97 stipulates that; 1152:". It also states that the president is entitled to provide military posts in the granting of the jobs or grades of senior officers of the armed forces, and by itself on the battlefield; runs with its organization and distribution according to needs of the Nation and declares war and orders reprisals with the consent and approval of the 3771:. In this capacity, the president give decisions on declaring war or martial law, the appointment of senior officials, and the development of the armed forces. In the event of an attack on the republic, the president announce a state of war and will submit within 72 hours a resolution for a plan of action to the 6093:

Under the direction of the President, and subject to the provisions of this Act, the military command of, and all executive and administrative powers in relation to, the Defence Forces, including the power to delegate command and authority, shall be exercisable by the Government and, subject to such

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Lastly, Article 62 states: "If there is a danger threatening the safety of the Kingdom or its territorial integrity, or the security of its people and its interests, or which impedes the functioning of the state institutions, the King may take urgent measures in order to deal with this danger And if

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The President of the Republic, for a period of war, shall appoint the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces on request of the Prime Minister. He may dismiss the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces in accordance with the same procedure. The authority of the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces,

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serves as the commander-in-chief of New Zealand and is constitutionally the supreme authority in defence matters in New Zealand. In practice however, the position of the commander-in-chief is ceremonial, with the governor-general primarily serving as a "patron of the New Zealand Defence Force". The

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as commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces under Article 168 of the Constitution. Whilst the General acts as the highest military authority with a high degree of autonomy, he is still subordinate to the Federal Council (See Articles 58, 60, 174, 177, 180 & 185). The Federal Assembly retains the

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According to the Venezuelan constitution, the president is the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces. The office of the Venezuelan military supreme commander in chief has always been held by the president of Venezuela as per constitutional requirements. However, with a new law sanctioned in 2008,

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The Governor shall be commander in chief of the Kentucky active militia, and the adjutant general shall be the executive officer and shall be responsible to the Governor for the proper functioning of the Kentucky active militia, and he is hereby authorized and empowered to take necessary action to

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does not explicitly designate the monarch as commander-in-chief; it is implicit, given the general provision in article 12 and the more specific wording of article 19 (2): "Except for purposes of defence against an armed attack upon the Realm or Danish forces, the King shall not use military force

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has responsibility to assist the president in defense issues and create policies about authorization use of military force, manage defense budget, etc. According to article 11 of the Constitution, For authorization use of military forces or declaration of war, the president must get approval from

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Mostly ceremonial heads of state (constitutional monarchs, viceroys and presidents in parliamentary republics) with residual substantive reserve powers over the armed forces, acting under normal circumstances on the constitutional advice of chief executives with the political mandate to undertake

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and other ministers). This is a logical consequence of articles 12, 13 and 14, all of which in essence stipulates that the powers vested in the monarch can only be exercised through ministers, who are responsible for all acts. Thus, the Government, in effect, holds the supreme command authority

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for decisions concerning the above-mentioned provisions as per Articles 63(3–4), or otherwise, they are not valid. The prime minister may delegate to other ministers the right to countersign these decisions of the president. The political responsibility for the Armed Forces is borne by the

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For example: "Ordered, That this House joins and agrees with the House of Commons in this Vote; and that the Lord Admiral is hereby desired, from both Houses of Parliament, that the Commander in Chief of this Summer's Fleet under his Lordship, may be the Earl of Warwicke.",

4764:". Nevertheless, the role of the monarch as commander in chief was ceremonial as in most European constitutional monarchies. As a consequence of being only part of the government, monarchs of the Netherlands do not hold a military rank. The current king of the Netherlands 3545:

to meet, to preside over the National Security Council, to proclaim martial law or state of emergency, and to issue decrees having the force of law, upon a decision of the Council of Ministers meeting under his/her chairmanship. With all these issues above written in the

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The Federal Parliament passed the Federal Armed Forces Act to consolidate in one law all regulations that govern the three services ( Army, Navy, and Air Force ). It establishes the function and duties of the Federal Head of State in the capacity as Supreme Commander.

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Placing the command authority over the armed forces directly with the responsible minister in charge of the military establishment breaks with the longstanding German constitutional tradition in both earlier monarchical and republican systems of placing it with the

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perfect and maintain an efficient organization for the purposes herein set out. He shall have charge of all matters of administration and organization, which shall be in all respects, insofar as necessary and applicable, the same as that of the National Guard.

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is the highest ranked professional military officer, and serves as an intermediary between the minister of defence and the Armed Forces, and is responsible to the minister for military-strategic planning, operations and deployment of the Armed Forces.

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as the supreme commander of the Armed Forces. However, Maltese law allows the president to raise by voluntary enlistment and maintain an armed force. Likewise, the law allows the president to issue orders in order to the administrate the armed forces.

6031: 1399:). The Belarusian commander in chief has an official uniform befitting of the rank, which the president wears on official occasion and ceremonies in relation to the military. The role of commander in chief is laid out in Article 28 of the 7283: 2842:

have since become strictly representative and ceremonial, such as the formal appointment and dismissal of the prime minister and other ministers in the executive government. Accordingly, the Monarch is commander-in-chief of the

5784: 6484: 1838:, the president played a major role at all levels of the planning of the war, and was, in a literal sense, Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces, giving direct orders to the commanders from the headquarters during the war as 5199:"). Although Switzerland remained neutral during the latter three conflicts, the threat of having its territory used as a battlefield by the much bigger war parties of Germany and France required mobilization of the army. 3370:, since 1978 except for a few rare occasions the president retained the portfolio defence, thus being the minister of defence. The ministry and the armed forces have been controlled by the during these periods by either a 2877:" on 20 March 1972 during military reforms The chief of staff is a four-star officer whose term is 3 years, but can be extended or renewed once. After 1973 constitution The chief of Army/Air/Naval staff is chosen by the 2960:

was appointed the commander-in-chief for the time of war (Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces). However, after the war this function ceased to exist—thus it is likely that if Poland formally participates in a war, the

5814: 2493:. The chief of staff is also appointed by the president from senior military officers. The president as commander-in-chief also has authority in senior military officer mutation and promotion in tour of duty. The 1059:, which is sometimes used as a specific term. The term is also used for military officers who hold such power and authority, not always through dictatorship, and as a subordinate (usually) to a head of state (see 7106:"§ 1 The office of the Reichspräsident is merged with that of the Reichskanzler. Therefore, the previous rights of the Reichspräsident pass over to the Führer and Reichskanzler Adolf Hitler. He names his deputy." 1363:, reinstated to active duty by official BD government order, which after independence was gazetted in 1972. He retired on 7 April 1972 and relinquished all authority and duties to the president of Bangladesh. 3779:

will serve in an official capacity as the deputy supreme commander-in-chief of the armed forces, essentially assisting the president in his day-to-day activities and decisions regarding national security.

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at all times. By assigning it directly to the responsible minister, instead of with the Federal Chancellor, this also meant that military affairs is but one of the many integrated responsibilities of the

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The king regularly chairs sessions of the National Security Council, the Joint Chiefs of staff and the individual general staffs of each branch of the Armed Forces in his capacity as supreme commander.

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Both the Organic Law of the Mexican Army and Air Force and the Organic Law of the Mexican Navy clearly state the president of the Republic is "Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces". The President is

2783: 7502: 3053: 6228: 2634:, who acts as the principal military adviser to the president and the National Security Council. The Chief of the Kenya Defence Forces is drawn from one of the branches of the Armed Forces, the 9118: 2040:

also has key constitutional powers under article 21: "He shall be responsible for national defence" and has "power to make regulations and shall make appointments to civil and military posts".

7528: 6381:"Review of the Performance of the Defence Force in Relation to Expected Standards of Behaviour, and in Particular the Leaking and Inappropriate Use of Information by Defence Force Personnel" 8591: 7010: 5093:, the Federal Council can only, in the operational sense, command a maximum of 4,000 soldiers, with a time limit of three weeks of mobilisation. For it to field more service personnel, the 1348:, headed by the minister of defence, which provides the policy framework and resources to the Armed Forces to discharge their responsibilities in the context of the defence of the country. 4483:, Hitler withdrew the commander-in-chief title, abolished the war ministerial post and assumed personal command of the Armed Forces. The war ministerial post was de facto overtaken by the 9151: 2590:

and chairman of the supreme defense council constituted by law, although effective executive power and responsibility for national defence resides with the government headed by the

2129:, France has been strongly centralised. After crushing local nobles engaged in warlord-ism, the kings of France retained all authority with the help of able yet discreet Prime ministers ( 2087: 1476: 5156:

sole power to dismiss the General, but the General remains subordinate to the Federal Council by the council's ability to demobilise, thereby making the position of General redundant.

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The state president and the CMC chairman are distinctly separate state offices and they have not always been held by the same persons. However, beginning in 1993, during the tenure of

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The president exercises supreme command with accordance to the law. As commander in chief, the president has the power to declare war however they must subject to the approval of the

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further remarked in the government bill that any continued pretensions of royal involvement in government decisions would be of a "fictitious nature" and "highly unsatisfactory".

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was also temporarily acting president but later was elected president.) Since the National Security Act of 1947, the commander-in-chief provision has been understood to mean all

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is the central authority of the state administration for the control of the Armed Forces. The actual day-to-day management is vested in the chief of the general staff, the Czech

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duties) the power to proclaim martial law, proclaim a state of war, and to issue mobilisation orders upon the decision of National People's Congress and its Standing Committee.

1439: 3894:. Since its introduction in the 2nd century BC, it is often used today to describe famous and high-ranking military officials. Notable Armenians to have held the title include 8596: 6328: 5608: 9547: 9048: 5219:(CHOD) is usually used as a generic term for the highest-ranked office held by a professional military officer on active duty, irrespective of their actual title or powers. 4817: 1565:. In this capacity, the governor general is entitled to the uniform of a general/flag officer, with the crest of the office and special cuff braid serving as rank insignia. 9128: 5866: 5043:. The military staff is headed by a senior officer (usually a general or admiral, retired from active service) and is composed of active duty military officers serving as 4336: 1621: 5822: 9640: 4664:. On this basis, there is no direct link between the head of state and the armed forces. For this reason, this link is mediated by the minister responsible for defence. 3073: 9564: 8663: 5117: 3984:; although the slight differences in the start and end of terms for those respective offices means that there is some overlap between an occupant and his predecessor. 1992:, lit. "state of defence") are declared by a presidential decree, given after a motion by the government, which is then submitted to the Parliament for ratification. 1568:

By constitutional convention, the Crown's prerogative powers over the armed forces and constitutional powers as commander-in-chief are exercised on the advice of the

8727: 6820: 3571: 2902: 5436: 3366:, chaired by the president is the authority charged with formulating and executing defence policy for the nation. The highest level of military headquarters is the 2697:

The Federal Constitution establishes that the office of Supreme Commander is attached to the person of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong as the Federation's head of state:

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being the first commander-in-chief. However, Abolhassan Bani Sadr was impeached on 22 June 1981. It was after this event that the role of commander-in-chief of the

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and the General Logistics Department. However, military policy is ultimately directed by the Central Military Commission of the ruling Communist Party of Vietnam.

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The president commissions and promotes officers and decides on activating reservists for extraordinary service and on the mobilisation of the Defence Forces. If

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All promotions to military rank and positions in the high command of the armed forces are made by Royal decree signed by the king and the minister of defense

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Prop. 1973:90. Kungl. Maj:ts proposition med förslag till ny regeringsform och ny riksdagsordning m. m.; given Stockholms slott den 16 mars 1973. p. 172-175.

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has the right to be present when the president uses his command powers, unless the matter is of immediate concern. In questions of strategic importance, the

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and was abolished after his death. In peace, the commander-in-chief exercises his command through the minister of defence. In war and in cases where the

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holds the ceremonial title of Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces. A member of the government, usually defence minister, is commander-in-chief of the

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As with most remaining European monarchies, the position of the Spanish monarch as the nominal head of the armed forces is deeply rooted in tradition.

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is the Supreme Commander of the Ethiopian Armed Forces which is the ceremonial role that is limited to granting high military titles and awards. The

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House of Representatives. The commander of the Armed Forces gives recommendations to the minister of defense in creating national defense policies.

1048:; although the legislature does not issue orders directly to the armed forces and therefore does not control the military in any operational sense. 9512: 9269: 8608: 8188: 7908: 7638: 3977: 3947: 3943: 7021: 6158: 2765: 9635: 9582: 9295: 9229: 9036: 9031: 8618: 8193: 6984: 5101:

who is given four stars. Thus, the General is elected by the Federal Assembly to give him the same democratic legitimacy as the Federal Council.

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and the ministers, and that only ministers are responsible for acts of government. Article 45 further defines the ministers as constituting the

1475:. In war and in cases where the minister of defence is not fulfilling orders, the commander-in-chief exercises his command directly through the 1291:

and the Chief of the Defence Force by virtue of section 9A, shall be exercised subject to and in accordance with any directions of the Minister.

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Dupuy, Trevor N., Curt Johnson, and Grace P. Hayes. "Supreme Commander." Dictionary of Military Terms. New York: The H.W. Wilson Company, 1986.

4324: 3962: 2835:, officially retains executive power. Article 25 of the constitution states: "The King is commander-in-chief of the armed forces of the realm" 2690:. As such, he is the highest-ranking officer in the military establishment, with the power to appoint the Chief of Staff (on the advice of the 3240:

In accordance with the Constitution of the Republic of Korea, the commander-in-chief and the supreme authority on all military matters is the

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According to the Guyanese constitution, the president is commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces. There is a rank insignia for the position.

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Article 61 further states: "The King declares a state of emergency, general mobilization and war, and the law defines the rules for this."

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and is by unwritten convention regarded as the foremost head and representative of the Swedish Armed Forces. The king has, as part of his

4846:. Since 2018, he started issuing orders in the name of the Chairman of the Central Military Commission, instead of the Supreme Commander. 3812:, through his post as chairman of National Defense and Security Council. Though this position is nominal and real power is assumed by the 3608:

of the armed forces. The King, however, remains the ceremonial "ultimate authority" of the military, with officers and personnel swearing

9507: 9477: 9353: 9342: 9026: 8828: 8793: 2393:

On 15 August 1947, each service was placed under its own commander-in-chief. In 1955, the three service chiefs were re-designated as the

6891:"LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN : ON INTRODUCING AMENDMENTS AND ADDITIONS TO THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN "ON DEFENSE"" 6253: 4768:

resigned from his military ranks (equivalent to one-star general in all branches) upon becoming king in 2013. He has been provided with

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and CMC chairman, it has been standard practice to have the offices of the CCP general secretary, president, and the CMC chairman to be

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is the commander-in-chief of all the Military Forces. He appoints officers and puts an end to their duties in accordance with the law."

2601: 1225: 9438: 9368: 9335: 9075: 9064: 9007: 8788: 8178: 6512: 6190: 5555: 5318: 5129: 3550:, the executive rights are given to the president of the Republic of Turkey to be represented as the commander-in-chief of the nation. 3485: 2486: 1190: 6865: 6211: 5637: 1032:(monarchical or republican) usually holds the position of commander-in-chief, even if effective executive power is held by a separate 9687: 9597: 9453: 9254: 9244: 9090: 8684: 8285: 8152: 7963: 6915: 5479: 4254:

the command authority should directly reside where it would be exercised and where it is subject to the parliamentary control of the

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The Governor is commander in chief of a militia that shall be provided by statute. The Governor may call it forth to execute the law.

1995:

The president has, in a state of emergency, the right to transfer the position of the commander-in-chief to another Finnish citizen.

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and is responsible for advising the Minister, for the implementation of defence policy and for the administration of the department.

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as well as the principle of his subordination to the constitutional organs of the Republic of Poland, shall be specified by statute.

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governor-general exercises their authority as commander-in-chief on the advice of the minister of defence or other ministers of the

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transferred the supreme authority to the King (in the context of the short-lived constitutional monarchy), then to the multi-member

2025:; the officeholder is as such the supreme executive authority in military affairs. Article 16 provides the president with extensive 9762: 9427: 9363: 9305: 9249: 9214: 9209: 9204: 9161: 8957: 8947: 8783: 8704: 8699: 8658: 8506: 8324: 8290: 8065: 5906: 5605: 4201: 3843: 2753: 946: 592: 6848: 5321:

of the Constitution states that provisions referring to the Queen in the Act "shall extend to Her Majesty's heirs and successors".

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conducts all military and political activities under the leadership of the Party." Article 30 invests commanding authority to the

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Federal Constitution, Article 41 - The Yang di-Pertuan Agong shall be the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces of the Federation.

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Are chief executives with the political mandate to undertake discretionary decision-making, including command of the armed forces.

9693: 9572: 9264: 9224: 9181: 9176: 9085: 8753: 5109: 4805: 4750: 4535: 4074: 3674: 2870: 1609: 6980: 9791: 9704: 9602: 9375: 8773: 8694: 8653: 6730: 6446: 4691: 4531: 4479:, the title of Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces in 1935, when conscription was reintroduced. However, in 1938 due to the 4211:

has thus no role in the command of the forces, although he continues to receive the ceremonial honors due to his position as a

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is not in session when a decision to mobilise is taken, it must be immediately convened. Declarations of a state of emergency (

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Politik und Militär in Deutschland: die Bundespräsidenten und Bundeskanzler und ihre Beziehung zu Soldatentum und Bundeswehr

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is the commander-in-chief of Armed Forces and in command of the military. He appoints, promotes and recalls officers of the

1834:, who briefly served as president from 2012 to 2013, all Egyptian presidents have been former military officers. During the 1697: 9767: 9757: 9145: 9138: 8838: 8758: 8643: 8568: 8516: 8273: 8261: 7631: 7563: 6758: 5763: 5738: 4399: 4285: 3597: 3210: 2974: 1665: 1649: 1464: 1105: 9801: 9714: 9657: 9412: 9358: 9348: 8942: 8861: 8798: 8778: 8768: 8748: 8448: 8278: 8266: 8246: 8058: 7981: 6682: 5440: 4765: 4328: 3939: 3923: 3718: 3306: 3069: 2066: 1799: 1612:. There was originally a rank insignia and name for the position, known as "Vrhovnik". This was held by former President 24: 3541:, and to decide on the mobilization of the Turkish Armed Forces, to appoint the chief of the general staff, to call the 3313:, for them to become valid. This counter/signature is used to limit a possible abuse of power by any single individual. 9856: 9821: 9816: 9612: 9379: 9310: 9193: 9080: 9070: 8833: 8722: 8648: 8556: 8551: 8546: 8541: 8481: 8375: 8253: 8147: 7408: 7117: 5406: 5289: 3542: 3454: 3343: 2873:, heads of the navy and the air force were also titled as "Commander-in-Chief". The head of army term was replaced to " 2786:

consolidated the roles of governor-general and commander-in-chief into one office, with its compounded title being the

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the King considers that these measures should continue, he may then implement the necessary regulations to this end."

9422: 9398: 9021: 8982: 8930: 8689: 8679: 8390: 7958: 7890: 7340: 6461: 6422: 4780: 4776: 4754: 4395: 4323:, which established a council consisting of a chairman and at least 12 members. This was later incorporated into the 4276: 4118: 4009: 3538: 3418: 3414: 3037: 2856: 2605:

President of Italian Republic Sergio Mattarella lays a laurel wreath on the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Rome, 2022

2583: 1717:. Any measure which the King may take in pursuance of this provision shall forthwith be submitted to the Folketing". 1145: 3213:. The constitution places conditions on when and how that power may be employed and requires regular reports to the 9851: 9811: 9587: 9577: 9393: 9166: 9156: 8995: 8911: 8210: 6925: 5359: 5233: 4578:

who, despite being subordinate to the minister of defense, holds the highest level of command within the military.

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in his capacity as commander-in-chief, salutes the caskets of 18 individual soldiers killed in Afghanistan in 2009.

3593: 3583: 2962: 2446: 2402: 1658: 1654: 1345: 1268: 1252: 1224:

The command in chief of the naval and military forces of the Commonwealth is vested in the Governor-General as the

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other military command matters with wide-ranging importance to the military activity or the military establishment

1657:, which in Article 67 is defined as the "supreme body of executive power". According to Articles 39 & 43, the 1644:

according to Article 63(1)(c), and appoints and promotes generals under Article 63(1)(f). The president needs the

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and colonial governors are also often appointed commander-in-chief of the military forces within their territory.

9841: 9236: 8989: 8918: 8888: 8511: 8428: 7976: 7915: 7624: 6130: 5713: 5140: 5094: 4919: 4737: 4731: 4575: 3930:

assumes overall responsibility for the work of the Central Military Commission and that it is responsible to the

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and the chairperson of the National Security Council. There is a rank for the position. The president appoints a

2551: 2494: 2394: 1637: 1256: 1160: 6624: 6354: 4667:

Nonetheless, the Presidential Palaces are guarded by the Armed Forces as a symbolic gesture of social cohesion.

1120: 9889: 9861: 9709: 9699: 8894: 8856: 8491: 8486: 8476: 8397: 8142: 7769: 6489: 4784: 4499: 4433:) had its own head who reported directly to the head of state and held the highest rank in his service; in the 4391: 4204:, under Article 115b, assumes the command authority over the armed forces. As of 2023, this has never happened. 3955: 3666: 3589: 3458: 2691: 2543: 2426: 1867: 1641: 1284: 608: 2311: 9746: 8848: 8471: 8438: 8349: 8215: 7290: 6726: 4988: 4036: 3951: 3931: 3835: 3601: 3144: 3004:) refers to the unified military commander of all the land, naval and air forces in a theater of operations. 2874: 2663: 2178: 1962: 1941: 1783: 1747: 1617: 1187: 979:. As a technical term, it refers to military competencies that reside in a country's executive leadership, a 7319:

The Legal And Constitutional Position of the Netherlands Armed Forces and International Military Cooperation

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Responsibility for the management of the forces is Ministry of Defence, while the planning and execution of

1403:, which states that he/she has the authority to "appoint and dismiss the high command of the Armed Forces". 9884: 9619: 8466: 8433: 6299: 5616: 4970: 4571: 3276: 3252: 3202: 3065: 2908: 2070: 1341: 1321: 939: 585: 6094:

exceptions and limitations as the Government may from time to time determine, through and by the Minister.

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is the government department that assists and serves the president in the management of the armed forces (

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shall conduct domestic and foreign policy, civil and military administration and the defence of the State

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In 1981 the king as supreme commander of the armed forces assumed direct command in order to put down a

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must give consent to the dispatch of Czech military forces outside the territory of the Czech Republic.

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Since September 2022, a reference to the Queen in a clause of the Constitution is now a reference to

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This constitutional provision can and has been made the subject of an exception in crisis situations.

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of the several States, when called into the actual Service of the United States." There have been 46

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is not fulfilling orders, the commander-in-chief exercises his command directly through the chief of

1542: 1512: 1356: 1280: 1276: 1271:

shall have the general control and administration of the Defence Force, and the powers vested in the

1217: 1141: 340: 7598:(as of March 2012), The Federal Authorities of the Swiss Confederation. Retrieved on 21 August 2013. 5709: 4275:, which kept the military establishment as an autonomous force outside the control of politics; the 2417:) with the president as the supreme commander. The chief of the air staff was raised to the rank of 2363:. The commander in chief also appoints the chiefs of each branch of the armed forces as well as the 9481: 9383: 8007: 7938: 7863: 6742: 4958: 4772:

to show his lasting commitment to the armed forces, but these represent no formal rank whatsoever.

4722: 4567: 4527: 3946:. In practice, both commissions have identitical membership, except for a brief period between the 3839: 3730: 3714: 3241: 3092: 2675: 2535: 2273: 2210: 2105: 2037: 2033: 1847: 1569: 1301: 1233: 908: 795: 407: 102: 7196: 4882:

were exempted from land taxation if they provided cavalrymen to the king's service. Following the

4779:

has the primary ministerial responsibility for the armed forces, which are formally a part of the

3518: 2722:

shall "Preserve national security, in accordance with the respective law, and dispose of the full

9899: 9846: 9836: 8114: 7721: 6669: 6106: 6081: 5556:"Детям об армии › Библиотека › Руководство вооруженных сил РБ › Главнокомандующий" 5144: 4813: 4633: 3760: 3500: 3387: 3104: 2978: 2809: 2749: 2591: 2466: 1917: 1709: 1685: 1601: 1412: 1400: 1388: 1337: 1333: 1101: 932: 725: 670: 578: 7398:

Socialist Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (2023) art. 103 (in Korean).

7067: 3401:

who is the most senior officer in the Armed Forces and is an appointment that can be held by an

2477:). The commander of the Armed Forces is appointed by the president from active chiefs of staff ( 2425:

in 1968. Starting from 1 January 2020, all the three chiefs of staff report to the newly formed

2213:, head of government, although the president, head of state, retained ceremonial powers. During 9739: 9403: 7968: 7647: 4962: 4923: 4511: 4272: 3547: 3359: 3128: 3120: 3045: 2844: 2839: 2838:

However, following the introduction of a parliamentary system of government, the duties of the

2776: 2715: 2655: 2523: 2442: 2265: 2191: 2022: 1887: 1779: 1492: 1488: 1309: 765: 311: 7551: 7132: 4149:

was amended in 1956 to include constitutional provisions for the command of the armed forces.

3890:) was a used to describe the supreme commander of the military forces of ancient and medieval 3193:. In peacetime, the role of commander in chief is usually assumed by the minister of defence. 8167: 7986: 7868: 7510: 6246: 5477: 5152: 5098: 5082: 5074: 4915: 4618: 4559: 4094: 4001: 3864: 3438: 3190: 3084: 3018: 2890: 2886: 2882: 2817: 2679: 2615: 2579: 2547: 2474: 2353: 2285: 2269: 2206: 2101: 2097: 1973: 1937: 1879: 1827: 1550: 1305: 1237: 1109: 1072: 629: 20: 6524: 5643: 5559: 4875: 7874: 7827: 7607: 7487: 6204: 5284: 4995: 4946: 4931: 4911: 4863: 4703: 4555: 4523: 4471: 4440: 4264: 4251: 4208: 4130: 4109: 3809: 3726: 3567: 3534: 3522: 3496: 3288: 3155: 3080: 2723: 2623: 2587: 2539: 2515: 2195: 2182:

restored the authority of the King, first in an absolute monarchy, then the constitutional

2062: 1933: 1921: 1696:. The king's personal commitment during the battle, are memorialized in first lines of the 1605: 1589: 1581: 1424: 1384: 1376: 1240: 1037: 918: 288: 97: 7483: 6929: 5844: 5687: 5545:

Bangladesh : General M.A.G. Osmani (1918-1984) - C-IN-C Liberation Forces 1v MNH 1986

3511: 1802:

is the head of foreign policy, the civil administration and the commander-in-chief of the

1444: 8: 9320: 8403: 7832: 7716: 7017: 6657: 5902: 5481:

Australia’s Constitution: With Overview and Notes by the Australian Government Solicitor

5238: 5172: 4991:, under the supervision of the prime minister and to the extent laid down in ordinances. 4907: 4515: 4476: 4465: 4403: 4294: 4280: 4223: 3746:

Similarly, Section 140 of Article 2 of the California Military and Veterans Code states:

3530: 3394: 3379: 3174: 3124: 3049: 2982: 2940: 2936: 2719: 2659: 2595: 2567: 2563: 2454: 2360: 2341: 2170: 2152: 2074: 2055: 2014: 1925: 1902: 1720:

However, when reading the Danish Constitution, it is important to bear in mind that the k

1705: 1538: 1496: 1416: 1392: 1313: 1172: 1129: 988: 968: 913: 815: 515: 431: 7927: 4710:

and reports to the president. The commander-in-chief is assisted in his/her role by the

3515: 3335:

No provision in the constitution requires the king/government to seek approval from the

9315: 8536: 8408: 8108: 8096: 7379: 7221: 6845: 5996: 5981: 5966: 5946: 5931: 5331: 5243: 5105: 4699: 4653: 4610: 4539: 4519: 4363: 4260: 4114: 4020: 3596:" and has also been described as "Commander-in-Chief of the British Armed Forces". The 3386:

held the portfolio of minister of defence and external affairs, and was supported by a

3257: 3178: 3139: 2953: 2916: 2619: 2550:. The minister for defence is advised by the Council of Defence on the business of the 2349: 2293: 2289: 2218: 2134: 1906: 1830:. The president is the only individual capable of declaring war. With the exception of 1823: 1726: 1554: 1317: 1194: 1033: 984: 838: 778: 638: 510: 250: 169: 145: 140: 6825:

National Constitution Center Educational Resources (some internal navigation required)

6014: 4660:

The Armed Forces do not swear allegiance to the president of Malta, but rather to the

3397:

is the responsibility of the Joint Operations Command (JOC). The JOC is headed by the

2246: 1379:

wearing the official uniform of the commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Belarus.

9330: 9325: 7953: 7253: 7157: 7048: 6988: 6457: 6418: 6184: 5620: 5148: 5120:

and to the Federal Council as a whole. The Chief of the Armed Forces has the rank of

5032: 4966: 4927: 4675: 4591: 4563: 4122: 3997: 3883: 3868: 3698: 3402: 3371: 3280: 2920: 2735: 2694:). He also appoints the service heads of each of the three branches of the military. 2511: 2510:

was the commander-in-chief in Iran. After the inception of the Islamic Republic, the

2254: 2242: 2141: 1775: 1771: 1693: 1573: 1360: 1025: 900: 895: 808: 730: 708: 505: 476: 366: 361: 321: 316: 279: 198: 131: 1680: 1340:, although executive power and responsibility for national defense resides with the 9678: 9012: 8443: 8034: 7933: 7751: 5410: 5264: 5254: 5216: 5188: 5040: 5003: 4980: 4950: 4935: 4891: 4879: 4614: 4351: 4129:; Germany of today puts a strong emphasis on having armed forces compatible with a 4065: 3981: 3563: 3336: 3328: 3302: 2996:

In the Portuguese military parlance, the term "Commander-in-Chief" (in Portuguese:

2792: 2324: 2187: 2163: 2158: 2130: 2026: 1985: 1977: 1910: 1863: 1669: 1645: 1508: 1260: 1049: 1041: 743: 713: 500: 330: 284: 208: 203: 184: 6571: 4335:(including the internal security forces), and the council's chairman (usually the 616: 8001: 7948: 7660: 7595: 7532: 7506: 7121: 7089: 7074: 6852: 6715: 6059: 5612: 5478:

Parliamentary Education Office; Australian Government Solicitor (November 2022).

5180: 5036: 5014: 4859: 4426: 4422: 4411: 4383: 4371: 4268: 4235: 4193: 4166: 4158: 4087: 3903: 3849: 3375: 3029: 2643: 2555: 2470: 2462: 2422: 2398: 2226: 2058: 1755: 1739: 1352: 1198: 1064: 976: 853: 735: 436: 426: 416: 295: 255: 234: 179: 116: 111: 7101: 5759: 5734: 4628:

After Japan's move towards democracy, the position of commander-in-chief of the

7733: 6273: 5873: 5335: 5274: 5212: 4973: 4899: 4808:

stipulates that the Korean People's Army is "Revolutionary Armed Forces of the

4574:

on behalf of the Government. However, the commander-in-chief of the IDF is the

4495: 4387: 4231: 4024: 3895: 3662: 3033: 2329: 1835: 1751: 1613: 1232:

In practice, however, the Governor-General does not play an active part in the

1168: 1164: 1068: 1010: 688: 653: 539: 529: 520: 495: 481: 421: 352: 347: 302: 265: 220: 6686: 5521: 4450: 3533:

has the constitutional right to represent the Supreme Military Command of the

2800:

outlines the governor-general's authority to raise and maintain armed forces.

999:

The formal role and title of a ruler commanding the armed forces derives from

544: 9878: 8050: 7902: 7881: 7691: 7257: 5845:"LOV nr 122 af 27/02/2001 om forsvarets formål, opgaver og organisation m.v." 5279: 5259: 5086: 4867: 4839:, as the country's head of state and commander-in-chief of the armed forces. 4760:

Before the constitution change in 1983, the equivalent section stated that: "

4379: 4367: 4244: 4212: 3966: 3722: 3686: 3669:

is "Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the

3619:(a region of military authority, sometimes combined with the civil office of 3476: 3346:

is the professional head of the armed forces and, under the authority of the

3234: 2912: 2748:

The Constitution also grants the president freedom to appoint and remove the

2687: 2345: 2297: 2183: 2109: 1851: 1843: 1839: 1831: 1312:. Between 1966 and 2021, prior to the transition to a republican system, the 1133: 1060: 1029: 1006: 980: 878: 823: 549: 534: 462: 450: 395: 390: 381: 371: 241: 213: 164: 88: 7412: 7161: 7115: 6771: 5414: 5019: 4570:) as a collective body. The authority of the government is exercised by the 3225: 1063:). The term is also used for officers who hold authority over an individual 8563: 7727: 7665: 7588: 6955: 6355:"Letters Patent Constituting the Office of Governor-General of New Zealand" 5196: 5184: 5176: 5160: 5044: 5028: 5024: 4994:

To add to some confusion to the above, the title of the agency head of the

4895: 4887: 4457: 4446: 4375: 4227: 4138: 4126: 3654: 3088: 2847:, and serves as chief diplomatic official abroad and as a symbol of unity. 2731: 2727: 2406: 2250: 2237: 2199: 1592:

for all matters related to national defence and the Canadian Armed Forces.

1448: 1140:

Under part II, chapter III, article 99, subsections 12, 13, 14 and 15, the

1125: 1014: 773: 753: 400: 274: 174: 150: 121: 79: 7189:

The Ministry of Defense Reorganized: For the Support of Peace and Security

6415:

Jammu and Kashmir war, 1947-1948 : political and military perspective

8420: 7845: 7670: 7616: 5314: 5168: 4843: 4315: 4306: 4097: 3973: 3795:, the president of Venezuela, dressed in military uniform in August 2006. 3792: 3772: 3682: 3230: 2414: 2258: 2214: 2209:

was a parliamentary system, where the military authority was held by the

1205: 1045: 564: 554: 155: 6846:

Governor is commander in chief -- Adjutant general is executive officer.

6593: 6485:"THE 1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES – ARTICLE VII" 6045: 4998:

and highest ranked commissioned officer on active duty, is actually the

3413:. The three services have their own respective professional chiefs: the 2666:. The president may appoint a chief military commander in times of war. 7852: 7758: 7744: 7703: 5269: 5248: 5164: 4930:

was in §§ 14-15 explicitly designated as the commander-in-chief of the

4854: 4636:. Military authority runs from the prime minister to the cabinet-level 4622: 4434: 4176: 3609: 3301:

However, article 64 require that all official acts of the King must be

2639: 2635: 2559: 1928:. In practice, the everyday command and control is in the hands of the 865: 845: 718: 376: 335: 7195:. Tokyo: Japan Ministry of Defense. 2007. pp. 4–5. Archived from 3645:

Powers of the president of the United States § Commander-in-chief

3499:, who as sovereign and head of state is the commander-in-chief of the 8027: 7764: 7738: 7710: 7589:

Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation (English translation)

7411:(in Swedish). Studieförbundet Näringsliv och Samhälle. Archived from 7052: 6538: 5818: 5788: 5228: 5060: 4354:, upon which the GDR's constitution and armed forces were abolished. 4290: 4255: 4248: 4185: 3993: 2738:, for the interior security and exterior defense of the Federation". 2126: 1898: 1714: 1708:

as the head of the military is deeply rooted in tradition. While the

1534: 1471:. In peace, the commander-in-chief exercises his command through the 1001: 760: 260: 193: 6807:

Presidents and Their Generals: An American History of Command in War

5666:

Letters Patent Constituting the Office of Governor General of Canada

4702:

national military, a position vested in a military officer, not the

4605: 4596: 4407: 3350:, is responsible for military operations and military organisation. 1255:

and several subordinate ministers exercise this control through the

8013: 7798: 7780: 6118:

the Minister for Defence shall be assisted by a Council of Defence

4695: 4680: 4625:(Japanese Constitution calls it symbol) without any military role. 3922:

states the authority to direct the armed forces is invested to the

3877: 3434: 2862: 2828: 2382: 2166: 2093: 972: 785: 683: 678: 658: 645: 486: 471: 455: 445: 7055:(Print version. As at: October 2010). Retrieved on 21 August 2013. 5055: 3954:, and are practically the same institutution under the system of " 3490: 3441:"supreme authority over the armed forces and all of its members". 1724:

in this context is understood by Danish jurists to be read as the

9407: 7921: 7793: 7441: 7136: 6010: 6008: 5294: 4726:

Flag of the minister of defense, the primary responsible official

4687: 4601: 4016:

to the People's Republic of China in 1997, the commanders of the

3891: 3670: 3410: 3406: 2813: 2376: 1183: 888: 883: 858: 803: 790: 748: 695: 229: 126: 92: 6417:(1st ed.). New Delhi: Har-Anand Publications. p. 350. 2766:

Head of the Armed Forces (New Zealand) § Commander-in-Chief

1371: 7994: 7803: 7787: 7774: 7697: 5967:

Suomen perustuslaki. (731/1999, as amended by later amendments)

5525: 4551: 4321:

Law on the Formation of the National Defense Council of the GDR

3615:

The term is also used for the military commander-in-chief of a

3362:, is nominally the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. The 3024: 2832: 2554:. The Defence Forces are organised under the chief of staff, a 2421:

in 1965 and the chief of the naval staff raised to the rank of

2010: 1766:, the senior-ranking professional military officer heading the 559: 6005: 5606:

Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil: 3rd Edition

5360:"LacusCurtius • Roman Law — Auctor (Smith's Dictionary, 1875)" 5139:

In a time of declared war or national emergency, however, the

3850:

Other officeholders as commanders-in-chief or other situations

3763:

holds the constitutional position of Supreme Commander of the

2594:; the president declares war according to the decision of the 2449:. Day-to-day operations of the Armed Forces is handled by the 2268:

was a parliamentary system, which was replaced by the present

1957:

any other military command issue that he wishes to decide upon

8020: 7068:

Die Befehls- und Kommandogewalt des Art. 65a GG im Lichte ...

6399: 4757:, with "authority to decide upon overall government policy". 4661: 4587: 3924:

Central Military Commission of the People's Republic of China

3521:(center), the president of Turkey with other generals of the 2380:

commander in chief, executive command authority is exercised

2078: 1819: 1576:, the governing ministry that commands the confidence of the 1452: 1351:

The only exception was the first commander-in-chief, General

1287:

by virtue of section 9, and the powers vested jointly in the

830: 700: 665: 7365: 7261: 7165: 6890: 6456:(1st ed.). London, UK: Lancer Publishers. p. 550. 2261:, upon which he held supreme authority all through the war. 2021:" (literally "Chief of the Armies") under article 15 of the 7838: 7224:(in Japanese). Tokyo: Japan Ground Self-Defense Force. 2012 6794:

Commanders in Chief: Presidential Leadership in Modern Wars

5999:(State of Defence Act) §§3–4. Retrieved on 30 August 2015. 5949:. (Conscription Act) §§82–83. Retrieved on 30 August 2015. 5934:. (Act on the Defence Forces) Retrieved on 30 August 2015. 5582:"Национальный правовой Интернет-портал Республики Беларусь" 5208: 5133: 4762:

The King shall have supreme authority over the armed forces

4652:

The Malta Armed Forces Act does not directly establish the

4142: 3100: 2943:. However, the art. 134 ust. 4 of the constitution states: 2507: 5118:

Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sports

3940:

Central Military Commission of the Chinese Communist Party

3788: 7284:"The Constitution of the Kingdom of the Netherlands 2008" 6387:. Te Kawa Mataaho Public Service Commission. 16 July 2002 5984:. (Preparedness Act) §§6–9. Retrieved on 30 August 2015. 4979:

Certain government decisions regarding the Armed Forces (

4866:, although he continues to receive treatment befitting a 3572:

Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Ukraine

2903:

Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines

2217:, the many visits to the trenches by the elder statesman 7547: 7545: 7543: 7541: 6438: 4800:

Flag of the supreme commander of North Korea (2002–2020)

3838:

oversees operations of the Ministry of Defence, and the

3111:, have been subordinated into the Air Force since 1998. 2989:). However, the operational command is delegated in the 1984:, literally, "state of preparedness") and state of war ( 1078: 6205:"Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos" 5669:, X., Ottawa: King's Printer for Canada, 1 October 1947 5581: 5159:

Four generals were appointed in Swiss history, General

2790:. The governor-general's is statutorily defined in the 2257:, acting on behalf of the previous regime, founded the 1397:Галоўнакамандуючы Узброенымі Сіламі Рэспублікі Беларусь 7214: 6683:"Royal Thai Armed Forces Headquarters English version" 5642:, III.15, Westminster: Queen's Printer, archived from 4706:. The commander-in-chief is, however, a member of the 4613:, the role of the commander-in-chief resided with the 3014:

Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Armed Forces

7538: 6060:"Official President.ie site - Roles of the President" 4736:

the Government shall have supreme authority over the

4594:

the role of the commander-in-chief was vested in the

3863:

holds the title of Supreme Commander in Chief of the

2963:

chief of the general staff of the Polish Armed Forces

2558:, and are organised into three service branches, the 1713:

against any foreign state without the consent of the

1443:

Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina

7102:

Gesetz über das Staatsoberhaupt des Deutschen Reichs

6755:

Review of the Royal Prerogative Powers: Final Report

6274:"Page 3. Governance of the New Zealand armed forces" 6229:"Ley Orgánica del Ejército y Fuerza Aérea Mexicanos" 6107:"Statute Book - Ministers And Secretaries Act, 1924" 5969:. (Finnish Constitution). Retrieved 30 August 2015. 4918:—personally led their forces into battle. Under the 4894:

was formed under the King and from there the modern

4410:

from 1934 to 1945—was the head of the Armed Forces (

3471:

The Highest Commander of the Royal Thai Armed Forces

3189:

In Slovenia, the commander-in-chief is formally the

2919:, and is mandated by Article VII, Section 18 of the 1948:

main principles of the military defence of the realm

1324:

as her viceroy. The president adopted these powers.

6975: 6973: 6300:"The Governor-General's role as Commander-in-Chief" 5089:. Notwithstanding the previous sentence, under the 5081:Supreme authority over the military belongs to the 3822:

general secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam

3663:

Article II, Section 2, Clause I of the Constitution

2374:Whilst the constitution names the president as the 2221:impressed the soldiers and earned him the nickname 1951:

principles of the execution of the military defence

1024:In English use, the term was first used during the 7535:, Royal Court of Sweden. Retrieved on 12 May 2013. 7126: 6821:"Common Interpretation: Commander in Chief Clause" 4957:) as a collective body, chaired and formed by the 3808:The commander-in-chief of the armed forces is the 3775:. When the country is in a wartime situation, the 3562:is the highest-ranking military officer (i.e. the 2546:acts on the president's behalf and reports to the 3820:. The secretary of Central Military Commission ( 3560:commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of Ukraine 1055:A commander in chief is sometimes referred to as 9876: 6970: 6617:The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 5147:, specifically for the purpose of taking on the 4826:General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea 2249:assumed power and held the supreme authority in 7095: 6855:, Constitution of the Commonwealth of Kentucky. 6510: 5962: 5960: 5958: 4679:5-stars Flag-Insignia of Commander-in-Chief of 4522:, but their administration is exercised by the 4343:) was considered the GDR's commander-in-chief. 2977:is the constitutional supreme commander of the 2684:Supreme Commander of the Malaysian Armed Forces 1909:, as the commander-in-chief in 1941 during the 1525:Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Armed Forces 8080: 7555: 7409:"Regeringsformen 1809 med ändringar 1809-1974" 6046:"Article 53 in the Constitution of India 1949" 4171:Inhaber der Befehls- und Kommandogewalt - IBuK 3920:Constitution of the People's Republic of China 3627:)), and for the naval commander-in-chief of a 3382:to the Ministry of Defence. Prior to 1978 the 2991:chief of the general staff of the Armed Forces 1944:. The duty of the president is to decide upon 1782:and other units not reporting directly to the 8340:Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force 8066: 7632: 7049:Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany 5710:"Constitution of the CR of December 16, 1992" 5222: 5000:supreme commander of the Swedish Armed Forces 4862:) is no longer the commander-in-chief of the 4712:Deputy Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services 4418:: literally "Possessor of highest command"). 4147:Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany 3717:also serves as the commander-in-chief of the 2340:is the principal commanding authority of the 1961:Since the constitutional reform of 2000, the 1044:is ultimately dependent upon the will of the 940: 586: 7561: 7311: 7309: 7307: 6985:Government of the People's Republic of China 6539:"The Constitution of the Russian Federation" 5955: 5927: 5925: 5923: 5815:"My Constitution Act with Explanations 2013" 5334:until his death in October 2016, and now by 5017:), is still a four-star general and admiral 4621:role of the emperor is that of a ceremonial 4558:states that the ultimate authority over the 4490: 4469: 4438: 4174: 3873:Հայաստանի Զինված ուժերի գերագույն հրամանատար 2520:Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran 2338:supreme commander of the Indian Armed Forces 1419:as the commander-in-chief. In practice, the 6323: 6321: 5735:"Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic" 4421:Below the level of the head of state, each 3963:president of the People's Republic of China 3928:chairman of the Central Military Commission 2461:), a 4-star officer whom can be a general ( 19:"CINC" redirects here. For other uses, see 8073: 8059: 7944:Marshal of the Mongolian People's Republic 7646: 7639: 7625: 7384:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 7044: 7042: 6306:. New Zealand Government. 10 December 2007 4468:), he would later grant his war minister, 4267:(in contrast to the Federal Republic, the 4056:Federal Republic of Germany (1956–present) 2190:, before it was overthrown in turn by the 1850:and air defence forces and admiral of the 1760:højeste ansvarlige myndighed for forsvaret 1320:, was head of the Defense Force, with the 947: 933: 615: 593: 579: 16:Supreme commanding authority of a military 7964:Marshal of the German Democratic Republic 7374:] (in Korean). Seoul. pp. 54–70. 7325:(Technical report). Universiteit Utrecht. 7315: 7304: 7236: 6818: 6761:, October 2009. Retrieved on 12 May 2013. 6445:Singh, Ravi Shekhar Narain Singh (2008). 5920: 5903:"Constitucion de la República Dominicana" 4837:President of the State Affairs Commission 3048:, (Chapter 4, Article 87, Section 1) the 2869:, the head of the army, was known as the 2315:Guyanese Commander in Chief rank insignia 1810:and all other state's security agencies. 1798:, Article 128, Section II, Title IV, the 1434: 8325:Chief of Staff of the United States Army 7252:(in Japanese). Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. 6649: 6647: 6645: 6564:"Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces" 6318: 6268: 6266: 5907:World Intellectual Property Organization 5054: 4853: 4795: 4721: 4674: 4218: 4108: 3978:General Secretary of the Communist Party 3926:. The same article also states that the 3842:. He also oversees such agencies as the 3787: 3679:commander-in-chiefs of the United States 3648: 3510: 3339:before sending the armed forces abroad. 3251: 3224: 3138: 3095:. In addition there are two independent 3017: 2600: 2514:was initially appointed that task, with 2323: 2310: 2162:, before being regained in the hands of 1897: 1679: 1549:The powers of command-in-chief over the 1528: 1438: 1370: 1214:Command of the naval and military forces 1182: 1119: 7372:North Korean Laws, Vol. 1, October 2022 7039: 6954:. Government of Armenia. Archived from 6596:. Presidential Administration of Serbia 6513:"Adventures of the "Nuclear Briefcase"" 4926:went into force on 1 January 1975; the 4922:, which was in force until the current 4842:Currently both offices are occupied by 4165:) holds the supreme command authority ( 2871:Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army 2788:Governor-General and Commander-in-Chief 1610:Armed Forces of the Republic of Croatia 9877: 6745:, July 2007. Retrieved on 12 May 2013. 6731:House of Commons of the United Kingdom 6280:. New Zealand Government. 1 April 2020 6189:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 5407:"Constitution of the argentine nation" 4692:Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services 4392:Constitution of the Kingdom of Prussia 4113:New recruits standing in front of the 3689:each temporarily held the position of 3457:is also the commander-in-chief of the 3046:Constitution of the Russian Federation 2745:the only five-star general of Mexico. 2720:president of the United Mexican States 1688:on board his flagship during the 1644 1588:is responsible and accountable to the 1469:Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina 1461:Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina 1212:Under chapter II of section 68 titled 8163:Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security 8054: 7620: 7610:. Nato.int, Retrieved on 12 May 2013. 7366:National Intelligence Agency (2022). 7180: 6642: 6568:Presidential Administration of Russia 6543:Presidential Administration of Russia 6444: 6405: 6263: 6247:"Ley Orgánica de la Armada de México" 6235:from the original on 29 January 2019. 4898:has its roots. During the age of the 4708:National Defence and Security Council 4153:In peacetime, under Article 65a, the 3633:North America and West Indies Station 3475:The "Head of the Thai Armed Forces" ( 3451:Constitution of the Republic of China 3107:. The Air Defence Troops, the former 2987:Comandante Supremo das Forças Armadas 2965:will be appointed supreme commander. 2958:General Inspector of the Armed Forces 2674:In accordance with Article 41 of the 2654:In accordance with Article 42 of the 2352:, in accordance to Article 53 of the 2211:president of the Council of Ministers 1936:. The economic administration of the 1789: 1208:(left) looking on. (8 December 1941) 1079:Heads of state as commanders in chief 8839:Air Force Historical Research Agency 7092:, 2011. Retrieved on 21 August 2013. 5386:House of Lords Journal 15 March 1642 5013:However, the Monarch (as of present 4806:Rules of the Workers' Party of Korea 4297:, did little to reverse the trend). 4127:infamous history of the 20th century 3875:). The hereditary title and rank of 3211:South African National Defence Force 3083:is divided into three services: the 2975:president of the Portuguese Republic 2032:However, owing to the nature of the 1495:is under the supreme command of the 1465:Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina 1106:president of the Republic of Albania 967:is the person who exercises supreme 8964:Officer candidate/training school: 7142: 6819:Ramsey, Michael; Vladeck, Stephen. 6217:from the original on 13 March 2021. 4766:Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands 3287:to exercise supreme command of the 2344:, a position that is vested in the 2069:, reviewing troops during the 2008 1083:This includes heads of states who: 25:Commander in Chief (disambiguation) 13: 8834:Naval History and Heritage Command 7564:"La Place de la Concorde Suisse-I" 7250:Nihon Daihyakka Zensho (Nipponika) 6511:Mikhail Tsypkin (September 2004). 6259:from the original on 22 June 2017. 6082:"Statute Book - Defence Act, 1954" 5290:Supreme Commander (disambiguation) 5116:), who reports to the head of the 4319:, enacted on 13 February 1960 the 3961:Furthermore, Article 80 gives the 3390:for defence and external affairs. 3201:Chapter 11, section 202(1) of the 3028:(i.e. the nuclear briefcase) from 2365:Chairman Chiefs of Staff Committee 2005:Chief of the Armed Forces (France) 1735:implied in articles 12 and 19(2). 1447:(right) meeting with US president 1359:in 1971, who was commander of all 1150:all the armed forces of the Nation 1021:(command and other regal) powers. 14: 9911: 7959:Marshal of the Russian Federation 7133:Basic Law of Israel: The Military 6727:The Royal Prerogative SN/PC/03861 5932:Laki puolustusvoimista (551/2007) 4818:Party Central Military Commission 4396:Constitution of the German Empire 4010:British Forces Overseas Hong Kong 3910:and prime minister in the 1990s. 3604:) makes the key decisions on the 3577: 3539:Grand National Assembly of Turkey 3378:for defence, and of recently the 3209:is the commander-in-chief of the 2857:Commander-in-Chief, Pakistan Army 2816:is the commander-in-chief of the 2632:Chief of the Kenya Defence Forces 2622:as the commander-in-chief of the 2582:, in article 87, states that the 2489:) and must get approval from the 2445:holds the supreme command of the 2292:is the commander-in-chief of the 1924:is the commander-in-chief of all 1886:is the commander-in-chief of the 1866:is the commander in chief of the 1640:is the commander-in-chief of the 1608:is the commander-in-chief of the 1511:is the commander-in-chief of the 1467:is the commander-in-chief of the 1423:is the head and commander of the 1387:is the Commander-in-Chief of the 1344:. This is discharged through the 1146:president of the Argentine Nation 9829: 9828: 9787: 9786: 9394:Uniform Code of Military Justice 8211:United States military seniority 7562:McPhee, John (31 October 1983). 7316:Besselink, Leonard F.M. (2011). 7139:. Retrieved on 11 November 2011. 6926:Armenian Encyclopedia Publishing 5234:Civilian control of the military 4924:Instrument of Government of 1974 4920:Instrument of Government of 1809 4609:). After the dissolution of the 4331:held the supreme command of the 4073: 4064: 3982:normally held by the same person 3638: 3600:(acting with the support of the 3594:Head of the British Armed Forces 3584:Head of the British Armed Forces 3173:In accordance with the law, the 2923:to be commander-in-chief of the 2714:Section VI of Article 89 of the 2676:Federal Constitution of Malaysia 2447:Indonesian National Armed Forces 2386:by the prime minister and their 2086: 2048: 1888:Ethiopian National Defense Force 9376:Military Occupational Specialty 8824:Army Center of Military History 8429:Military Auxiliary Radio System 8299:Department of Homeland Security 8206:Active duty three-star officers 7601: 7582: 7516: 7493: 7477: 7467: 7455: 7427: 7401: 7392: 7359: 7329: 7276: 7109: 7080: 7058: 7003: 6944: 6908: 6883: 6858: 6839: 6812: 6799: 6786: 6764: 6748: 6736: 6720: 6701: 6675: 6663: 6608: 6586: 6556: 6531: 6504: 6477: 6454:The Military Factor in Pakistan 6373: 6347: 6292: 6239: 6221: 6197: 6151: 6123: 6099: 6074: 6052: 6038: 6024: 5990: 5975: 5947:Asevelvollisuuslaki (1438/2007) 5940: 5895: 5859: 5837: 5807: 5777: 5752: 5727: 5714:President of the Czech Republic 5702: 5680: 5657: 5630: 5599: 5574: 5548: 5539: 5514: 5324: 5085:, which is the Swiss collegial 4732:Constitution of the Netherlands 4510:According to Article 45 of the 4163:Bundesminister der Verteidigung 3900:Republic of Mountainous Armenia 3898:, the supreme commander of the 3675:presidents of the United States 3631:of the Royal Navy, such as the 3196: 3145:Military Forces of Saudi Arabia 3134: 2796:. Sections five and six of the 2772:governor-general of New Zealand 2437:According to article 10 of the 1638:president of the Czech Republic 1257:Australian Defence Organisation 9399:Judge Advocate General's Corps 8330:Commandant of the Marine Corps 8201:Active duty four-star officers 8158:Secretary of Homeland Security 8143:President of the United States 7435:"The Instrument of Government" 7248:[JSDF: Organization]. 7077:, Retrieved on 21 August 2013. 6827:. National Constitution Center 6772:"Whose hand is on the button?" 6660:. Retrieved on 9 January 2014. 6015:Constitution of 4 October 1958 5627:. Retrieved on 21 August 2013. 5499: 5471: 5455: 5429: 5399: 5390: 5377: 5352: 5307: 5050: 4791: 4717: 4600:(the most militarily powerful 4464:(after the death of President 4247:. The rationale was that in a 4137:Upon the re-militarization of 4043:as "Commander-in-Chief of the 3708: 3667:president of the United States 3495:) is a position vested in the 3220: 3038:2012 presidential inauguration 2896: 2759: 2264:The following and short-lived 1868:Umbutfo Eswatini Defence Force 1746:) designates in article 9 the 1489:Brazilian Constitution of 1988 1236:'s command structure, and the 1148:is the "Commander-in-chief of 1091:discretionary decision-making. 1: 8829:Marine Corps History Division 8350:Commandant of the Coast Guard 8216:National Security Act of 1947 8185:Committees on Armed Services 7291:Government of the Netherlands 5997:Puolustustilalaki (1083/1991) 5345: 4965:, subject to the will of the 4734:states, in article 97, that " 4538:are the ones who command the 4532:minister for national defence 4030: 3754: 3437:, the constitution gives the 3127:is the commander-in-chief of 3060:. The president approves the 2939:is commander-in-chief of the 2754:secretary of national defense 2664:Latvian National Armed Forces 2662:is Commander-in-Chief of the 2534:The supreme commander of the 2451:commander of the Armed Forces 1762:). Under the minister is the 1427:. He reports directly to the 1327: 1308:is the commander-in-chief of 1188:Governor General of Australia 1108:is the commander-in-chief of 994: 8434:Marine Corps Cyber Auxiliary 6406:Bajwa, Kuldip Singh (2003). 5439:(in Spanish). Archived from 5047:to the king and his family. 4642:Japanese Ministry of Defense 3987: 3783: 3353: 3277:Spanish Constitution of 1978 3203:Constitution of South Africa 3036:'s military aide during the 3022:The ceremony of passing the 2909:president of the Philippines 2473:), or an air chief marshal ( 2432: 2071:Bastille Day military parade 1750:as the supreme authority in 1586:Minister of National Defence 1322:Governor-General of Barbados 1178: 1115: 303:Junior commissioned officers 221:Senior commissioned officers 7: 9018:Enlisted recruit training: 8286:Department of the Air Force 8153:Deputy Secretary of Defense 7859:First marshal of the empire 7513:. Retrieved on 12 May 2013. 7490:. Retrieved on 12 May 2013. 7156:. Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. 6733:. Retrieved on 12 May 2013. 6021:. Retrieved on 13 May 2013. 6019:National Assembly of France 5202: 4904:Gustavus Adolphus the Great 4833:Constitution of North Korea 4348:Federal Republic of Germany 4155:federal minister of defence 4085:Federal Minister of Defence 3965:(in addition to ceremonial 3942:under the authority of the 3908:defense minister of Armenia 3814:Central Military Commission 3491: 3464: 3428: 3307:President of the Government 3262:Captain General of the Navy 3184: 2968: 2893:is the commander-in-chief. 2850: 2669: 2586:: "is the commander of the 2120: 1873: 1857: 1557:, and are delegated to the 1541:guard of honour during the 1295: 1154:Argentine National Congress 10: 9916: 8318:Service branches and heads 8082:United States Armed Forces 7011:"Constitution of Ethiopia" 6870:Leginfo.legislature.ca.gov 6654:Constitution of Spain 1978 5223:Other Articles of Interest 4987:) may be delegated to the 4741:". Article 42 defines the 4670: 4536:chief of the general staff 4486:Oberkommando der Wehrmacht 4311:German Democratic Republic 4050: 4041:prime minister of Ethiopia 4027:and commanded by the CMC. 4008:commander-in-chief of the 3956:one institution, two names 3952:National People's Congress 3932:National People's Congress 3854: 3818:Communist Party of Vietnam 3803: 3769:Constitution of Uzbekistan 3765:Armed Forces of Uzbekistan 3703:United States Armed Forces 3642: 3625:British Overseas Territory 3623:of a colony (now called a 3581: 3553: 3468: 3425:, who have much autonomy. 3423:commander of the Air Force 3399:chief of the defence staff 3344:chief of the defence staff 3215:Parliament of South Africa 3054:Supreme Commander-in-Chief 3011: 2900: 2879:prime minister of Pakistan 2854: 2803: 2763: 2529: 2388:Union Council of Ministers 2156:, as well as later to the 2067:Chief of the Defence Staff 2002: 1893: 1884:prime minister of Ethiopia 1675: 1627: 1595: 1561:, who also uses the title 1559:governor general of Canada 1522: 1406: 1366: 1332:The commander-in-chief of 1273:Chief of the Defence Force 1238:democratically accountable 1095: 80:Flag commissioned officers 36:Comparative military ranks 18: 9782: 9666: 9628: 9557: 9526: 9468: 9280: 9192: 9057: 8881: 8874: 8847: 8816: 8736: 8713: 8672: 8639: 8627: 8529: 8459:Unified combatant command 8457: 8419: 8358: 8345:Chief of Space Operations 8335:Chief of Naval Operations 8317: 8238: 8229: 8135: 8088: 7823: 7816: 7686: 7679: 7654: 7073:23 September 2015 at the 6851:10 September 2015 at the 5149:war-time responsibilities 5110:Chief of the Armed Forces 4985:Särskilda regeringsbeslut 4884:Swedish War of Liberation 4849: 4630:Japan Self-Defense Forces 4545: 4505: 4491: 4470: 4439: 3887: 3872: 3861:prime minister of Armenia 3677:, but there have been 48 3543:National Security Council 3506: 3480: 3444: 3364:National Security Council 3207:president of South Africa 3168: 3152:Basic Law of Saudi Arabia 3114: 3109:Soviet Air Defence Forces 3072:and other members of the 3007: 2930: 2885:as commander in chief of 2823: 2709: 2649: 2584:president of the Republic 2439:Constitution of Indonesia 2350:president of the Republic 2303: 2056:President of the Republic 2015:president of the Republic 1998: 1940:is the responsibility of 1932:and the commander of the 1824:president of the Republic 1690:Battle of Colberger Heide 1543:1939 royal tour of Canada 1518: 1513:Royal Brunei Armed Forces 1502: 1497:president of the Republic 1482: 1396: 1357:Bangladesh Liberation War 1218:Constitution of Australia 1142:Constitution of Argentina 636: 633: 627: 526: 492: 468: 461: 442: 413: 408:Non-commissioned officers 406: 387: 358: 327: 308: 301: 271: 247: 226: 219: 190: 161: 137: 108: 85: 78: 45: 9384:Air Force Specialty Code 9098:Awards & decorations 8008:Supreme Allied Commander 7939:Marshal of the air force 7864:General of the Air Force 7244: 7222:"職種 Branches of Service" 7120:27 December 2017 at the 6916: 6361:. New Zealand Government 6335:. New Zealand Government 5300: 4959:prime minister of Sweden 4647: 4581: 4358:German Reich (1871–1945) 4346:The GDR joined with the 4329:National Defense Council 4301:East Germany (1960–1990) 4293:and the machinations of 4141:in 1955, when it joined 4018:People's Liberation Army 4012:. After the territory's 3913: 3731:Commonwealth of Kentucky 3247: 3242:president of South Korea 3101:Strategic Missile Troops 3093:Russian Aerospace Forces 2609: 2573: 2491:House of Representatives 2403:chief of the naval staff 2319: 2279: 2274:semi-presidential system 2106:Battle of Jena-Auerstedt 2034:semi-presidential system 1848:marshal of the air force 1813: 1738:The Danish Defence Law ( 1302:Constitution of Barbados 1234:Australian Defence Force 909:marshal of the air force 103:Marshal of the air force 7722:Domestic of the Schools 6447:"Military and Politics" 6131:"Constitution of Italy" 5462:Australian Constitution 5437:"Ministerio de Defensa" 5332:King Bhumibol Adulyadej 5145:United Federal Assembly 4810:Workers' Party of Korea 4634:prime minister of Japan 4481:Blomberg–Fritsch Affair 4023:are PLA personnel from 3998:under British authority 3944:Party Central Committee 3501:Royal Thai Armed Forces 3388:parliamentary secretary 3105:Russian Airborne Forces 2808:In accordance with the 2501: 2395:chief of the Army staff 2367:with the advice of the 2296:. He holds the rank of 1926:Finnish military forces 1413:Constitution of Belgium 1401:Constitution of Belarus 1389:Belarusian Armed Forces 1334:Bangladesh Armed Forces 1102:Constitution of Albania 9404:Military Health System 8274:Department of the Navy 8262:Department of the Army 7969:Field marshal (Uganda) 7648:Highest military ranks 7608:NATO Chiefs of Defence 7484:About the Armed Forces 6792:Joseph G. Dawson, ed. 6774:. BBC. 2 December 2008 6708:Queen and Armed Forces 6623:. 1996. Archived from 6408:"Kashmir Valley Saved" 5982:Valmiuslaki (552/2011) 5639:Constitution Act, 1867 5330:Most recently held by 5251:(state within a state) 5078: 5007: 4984: 4954: 4939: 4871: 4801: 4727: 4683: 4576:chief of general staff 4489:, which was headed by 4430: 4415: 4333:National People's Army 4239: 4197: 4175: 4170: 4162: 4134: 3796: 3752: 3744: 3695:Twenty-fifth Amendment 3658: 3570:is the constitutional 3548:Constitution of Turkey 3526: 3360:president of Sri Lanka 3358:As head of state, the 3333: 3292: 3269: 3237: 3147: 3121:Constitution of Rwanda 3041: 2950: 2845:Norwegian Armed Forces 2777:New Zealand Government 2686:and holds the rank of 2656:Constitution of Latvia 2628:chief of general staff 2606: 2542:, but in practice the 2524:Supreme Leader of Iran 2458: 2443:president of Indonesia 2427:chief of defence staff 2411:chief of the air staff 2333: 2316: 2231:Le Père de la Victoire 2230: 2147:Comité de Salut Public 1989: 1981: 1913: 1759: 1743: 1701: 1546: 1493:Brazilian Armed Forces 1456: 1435:Bosnia and Herzegovina 1380: 1310:Barbados Defense Force 1293: 1251:controls the ADF. The 1230: 1209: 1137: 987:, or other designated 9890:Military organization 8862:Air Force Art Program 8449:Coast Guard Auxiliary 8247:Department of Defense 8221:Goldwater–Nichols Act 8168:Joint Chiefs of Staff 7869:General of the Armies 7594:18 April 2015 at the 7511:Royal Court of Sweden 7505:16 March 2015 at the 7500:Duties of the Monarch 7154:Encyclopedia of Japan 7150:"Self Defense Forces" 6743:Governance of Britain 6714:13 April 2015 at the 6670:Suriname Constitution 6594:"President of Serbia" 6527:on 23 September 2004. 6385:Publicservice.govt.nz 5611:26 April 2012 at the 5364:Penelope.uchicago.edu 5063:for the wartime-only 5058: 4858:The Swedish monarch ( 4857: 4799: 4725: 4678: 4560:Israel Defense Forces 4341:Socialist Unity Party 4222: 4112: 4045:national armed forces 3865:Armenian Armed Forces 3840:Vietnam People's Army 3791: 3748: 3739: 3681:due to the fact that 3652: 3612:only to the monarch. 3514: 3469:Further information: 3449:As stipulated in the 3419:commander of the Navy 3415:commander of the Army 3325: 3321:military coup attempt 3285: 3255: 3229:Current President of 3228: 3191:president of Slovenia 3142: 3129:Rwanda Defence Forces 3085:Russian Ground Forces 3021: 2945: 2891:president of Pakistan 2887:Pakistan Armed Forces 2883:president of Pakistan 2881:and appointed by the 2855:Further information: 2818:Nigerian Armed Forces 2810:Nigerian Constitution 2750:secretary of the Navy 2726:, that is to say the 2724:permanent Armed Force 2680:Yang di-Pertuan Agong 2616:Constitution of Kenya 2604: 2580:Constitution of Italy 2552:Department of Defence 2548:Government of Ireland 2354:Constitution of India 2327: 2314: 2286:Constitution of Ghana 2098:Emperor of the French 1938:Finnish Defence Force 1901: 1880:president of Ethiopia 1828:Egyptian Armed Forces 1683: 1602:Croatian constitution 1551:Canadian Armed Forces 1532: 1523:Further information: 1442: 1374: 1306:president of Barbados 1265: 1222: 1186: 1123: 1110:Albanian Armed Forces 1073:theatre of operations 609:Military organization 72:(Commonwealth system) 21:CINC (disambiguation) 9653:Aircraft designation 9302:Creeds & Codes: 8421:Civilian auxiliaries 8239:Military departments 8148:Secretary of Defense 7875:Generalfeldmarschall 7828:Admiral of the fleet 7488:Swedish Armed Forces 7337:"Organisation chart" 6062:. Áras an Uachtaráin 5689:National Defence Act 5443:on 18 September 2013 5285:Strongman (politics) 5015:King Carl XVI Gustaf 4996:Swedish Armed Forces 4989:minister for defence 4961:, holds the highest 4932:Swedish Armed Forces 4874:In Sweden, with the 4864:Swedish Armed Forces 4860:King Carl XVI Gustaf 4814:Korean People's Army 4564:Government of Israel 4556:applicable basic law 4492:Generalfeldmarschall 4472:Generalfeldmarschall 4441:Generalfeldmarschall 4289:, surrounded by his 4265:state within a state 4252:parliamentary system 4209:president of Germany 4131:parliamentary system 4117:, before taking the 4047:" in Article 74(1). 3938:. There is also the 3831:commander-in-chief. 3810:president of Vietnam 3727:State Defense Forces 3713:In U.S. States, the 3568:president of Ukraine 3535:Turkish Armed Forces 3523:Turkish Armed Forces 3081:Russian Armed Forces 3032:'s military aide to 2692:Armed Forces Council 2624:Kenya Defence Forces 2544:minister for defence 2540:president of Ireland 2516:Abolhassan Bani Sadr 2063:Jean-Louis Georgelin 1969:has the same right. 1934:Finnish Border Guard 1922:president of Finland 1918:Finnish constitution 1704:The position of the 1606:president of Croatia 1590:Parliament of Canada 1582:National Defence Act 1477:Chief of Joint Staff 1425:Belgian Armed Forces 1385:president of Belarus 1377:Alexander Lukashenko 1253:Minister for Defence 1193:(right) signing the 1124:Argentine president 1038:parliamentary system 919:admiral of the fleet 98:Admiral of the fleet 9885:Commanders in chief 9539:Crew-served weapons 9428:Chiefs of Chaplains 8649:Current deployments 7833:Admiral of the Navy 7717:Constable of France 7531:2 June 2013 at the 7341:Ministry of Defence 7018:House of Federation 6932:on 13 December 2019 6759:Ministry of Justice 6658:Government of Spain 6574:on 22 February 2014 6523:(9). Archived from 6359:Legislation.govt.nz 6333:Legislation.govt.nz 5867:"Facts and Figures" 5764:Ministry of Defence 5760:"Professional Army" 5739:Ministry of Defence 5617:Chamber of Deputies 5336:King Vajiralongkorn 5239:Command and control 5173:Franco-Prussian War 5143:, assembled as the 5126:Commandant de corps 4971:Minister of Justice 4963:Executive Authority 4886:(1521–53) from the 4831:Article 103 of the 4781:Ministry of Defence 4777:minister of defence 4638:minister of defense 4572:minister of defense 4518:is the head of the 4477:Werner von Blomberg 4466:Paul von Hindenburg 4406:) to 1934, and the 4404:Weimar Constitution 4327:in April 1968. The 4295:Kurt von Schleicher 4281:Paul von Hindenburg 4224:Werner von Blomberg 3836:minister of Defence 3777:minister of defense 3767:, according to the 3537:, on behalf of the 3531:president of Turkey 3519:Mustafa Kemal Pasha 3395:combined operations 3380:permanent secretary 3368:Ministry of Defence 3348:minister of defence 3283:in article 62 (h): 3175:president of Serbia 3125:president of Rwanda 2998:comandante-em-chefe 2941:Polish Armed Forces 2875:Chief of Army Staff 2812:, the president of 2784:Letter Patents 1983 2660:president of Latvia 2614:Chapter 131 of the 2495:minister of defense 2369:Minister of Defence 2361:Parliament of India 2342:Indian Armed Forces 2125:Since the reign of 1963:minister of defence 1942:Ministry of Defence 1903:C. G. E. Mannerheim 1784:Ministry of Defence 1770:, who commands the 1748:minister of defence 1730:(consisting of the 1698:Danish royal anthem 1666:Ministry of Defence 1618:minister of defence 1580:. According to the 1539:Royal Canadian Navy 1487:Article 142 of the 1473:minister of defence 1429:Minister of Defence 1411:Article 167 of the 1346:Ministry of Defence 1314:monarch of Barbados 1259:. Section 8 of the 1161:Ministry of Defense 1130:Argentine Air Force 989:government official 969:command and control 914:general of the army 516:Leading aircraftman 432:chief petty officer 9895:Military sociology 9534:Individual weapons 8774:Hispanic Americans 8754:Buddhist Americans 8537:United States Code 8507:Special Operations 8360:Reserve components 7347:on 1 November 2013 7027:on 2 February 2014 6517:Strategic Insights 6329:"Defence Act 1990" 6034:. 27 January 2021. 5883:on 8 December 2013 5825:on 3 November 2013 5785:"Constitution Act" 5522:"Defence Act 1903" 5417:on 22 October 2013 5244:Commanding officer 5104:In peacetime, the 5079: 4940:Högste befälhavare 4876:Ordinance of Alsnö 4872: 4804:Article 47 of the 4802: 4728: 4700:commanding officer 4684: 4654:president of Malta 4617:. The present-day 4611:Tokugawa shogunate 4520:Greek Armed Forces 4512:Greek Constitution 4378:, whoever was the 4364:Kingdom of Prussia 4273:Ebert–Groener pact 4240: 4202:Federal Chancellor 4135: 4121:. In the light of 4115:Reichstag building 4021:Hong Kong Garrison 3936:Standing Committee 3918:Article 93 of the 3797: 3659: 3527: 3311:competent minister 3270: 3238: 3150:Article 60 of the 3148: 3042: 2954:interbellum period 2917:head of government 2607: 2556:three star officer 2334: 2317: 2294:Ghana Armed Forces 2290:president of Ghana 2259:Free French Forces 2219:Georges Clemenceau 2171:Emperor Napoléon I 2167:Napoléon Bonaparte 2017:is designated as " 1914: 1907:Marshal of Finland 1790:Dominican Republic 1702: 1563:Commander-in-Chief 1553:are vested in the 1547: 1457: 1451:(left) in 1997 in 1381: 1318:Queen Elizabeth II 1285:Chief of Air Force 1241:Australian Cabinet 1210: 1195:declaration of war 1138: 1128:presiding over an 1034:head of government 985:head of government 961:commander-in-chief 839:lieutenant general 779:lieutenant colonel 251:Lieutenant colonel 235:(Ship-of-the-line) 170:divisional general 146:army corps general 141:Lieutenant general 54:(non-Commonwealth) 9872: 9871: 9778: 9777: 9464: 9463: 8927: 8915: 8903: 8889:Service academies 8870: 8869: 8744:African Americans 8525: 8524: 8048: 8047: 8044: 8043: 7954:Marshal of Poland 7812: 7811: 7526:Övriga funktioner 7415:on 31 August 2010 7264:on 25 August 2007 7168:on 25 August 2007 6952:"Vazgen Sargsyan" 5625:978-85-736-5737-1 4753:, chaired by the 4662:Republic of Malta 4592:Meiji Restoration 4460:assumed power as 4456:After Chancellor 4337:General Secretary 4198:Verteidigungsfall 4123:German militarism 4037:1995 Constitution 4002:civilian governor 3699:George H. W. Bush 3489: 3403:air chief marshal 3372:minister of state 3266:Naval NCO Academy 3119:According to the 3064:and appoints the 3062:military doctrine 3044:According to the 2921:1987 Constitution 2867:1973 Constitution 2522:was given to the 2512:president of Iran 2506:Before 1979, the 2419:air chief marshal 2284:According to the 2255:Charles de Gaulle 2223:Father of Victory 2142:French Revolution 1916:According to the 1794:According to the 1710:1953 constitution 1694:Wilhelm Marstrand 1634:1992 constitution 1632:According to the 1600:According to the 1463:, the collective 1459:According to the 1445:Alija Izetbegović 1361:Bangladesh Forces 1300:According to the 1132:ceremony for the 1100:According to the 1057:supreme commander 1050:Governors-general 1026:English Civil War 965:supreme commander 957: 956: 924: 923: 809:brigadier general 709:second lieutenant 603: 602: 570: 569: 367:junior lieutenant 362:Second lieutenant 322:Flight lieutenant 199:brigadier general 132:Air chief marshal 9907: 9832: 9831: 9790: 9789: 9679:Nuclear football 9524: 9523: 9418:Veterans Affairs 9237:Warrant officers 9013:The Basic School 8921: 8909: 8897: 8879: 8878: 8857:Army Art Program 8764:Muslim Americans 8759:Jewish Americans 8637: 8636: 8444:Civil Air Patrol 8236: 8235: 8075: 8068: 8061: 8052: 8051: 7934:Marshal of Italy 7821: 7820: 7752:Magister militum 7684: 7683: 7641: 7634: 7627: 7618: 7617: 7611: 7605: 7599: 7586: 7580: 7579: 7577: 7575: 7559: 7553: 7549: 7536: 7524: 7520: 7514: 7497: 7491: 7481: 7475: 7471: 7465: 7463: 7459: 7453: 7452: 7450: 7448: 7439: 7431: 7425: 7424: 7422: 7420: 7405: 7399: 7396: 7390: 7389: 7383: 7375: 7368:北韓法令集.上 :2022.10 7363: 7357: 7356: 7354: 7352: 7343:. Archived from 7333: 7327: 7326: 7324: 7313: 7302: 7301: 7299: 7297: 7288: 7280: 7274: 7273: 7271: 7269: 7260:. Archived from 7240: 7234: 7233: 7231: 7229: 7218: 7212: 7211: 7209: 7207: 7202:on 12 April 2019 7201: 7194: 7184: 7178: 7177: 7175: 7173: 7164:. Archived from 7146: 7140: 7130: 7124: 7113: 7107: 7104:, 1 August 1934: 7099: 7093: 7088: 7084: 7078: 7066: 7062: 7056: 7046: 7037: 7036: 7034: 7032: 7026: 7020:. Archived from 7015: 7007: 7001: 7000: 6998: 6996: 6987:. Archived from 6977: 6968: 6967: 6965: 6963: 6948: 6942: 6941: 6939: 6937: 6928:. Archived from 6912: 6906: 6905: 6903: 6901: 6887: 6881: 6880: 6878: 6876: 6862: 6856: 6843: 6837: 6836: 6834: 6832: 6816: 6810: 6803: 6797: 6790: 6784: 6783: 6781: 6779: 6768: 6762: 6752: 6746: 6740: 6734: 6724: 6718: 6710:, royal.gov.uk. 6705: 6699: 6698: 6696: 6694: 6689:on 18 April 2009 6685:. Archived from 6679: 6673: 6667: 6661: 6651: 6640: 6639: 6637: 6635: 6630:on 25 April 2014 6629: 6622: 6612: 6606: 6605: 6603: 6601: 6590: 6584: 6583: 6581: 6579: 6570:. Archived from 6560: 6554: 6553: 6551: 6549: 6535: 6529: 6528: 6508: 6502: 6501: 6499: 6497: 6490:Official Gazette 6481: 6475: 6474: 6472: 6470: 6451: 6442: 6436: 6435: 6433: 6431: 6412: 6403: 6397: 6396: 6394: 6392: 6377: 6371: 6370: 6368: 6366: 6351: 6345: 6344: 6342: 6340: 6325: 6316: 6315: 6313: 6311: 6296: 6290: 6289: 6287: 6285: 6270: 6261: 6260: 6258: 6251: 6243: 6237: 6236: 6225: 6219: 6218: 6216: 6209: 6201: 6195: 6194: 6188: 6180: 6178: 6176: 6170: 6164:. Archived from 6163: 6155: 6149: 6148: 6146: 6144: 6135: 6127: 6121: 6120: 6115: 6113: 6103: 6097: 6096: 6090: 6088: 6078: 6072: 6071: 6069: 6067: 6056: 6050: 6049: 6042: 6036: 6035: 6032:"Know your Army" 6028: 6022: 6012: 6003: 6002: 5994: 5988: 5987: 5979: 5973: 5972: 5964: 5953: 5952: 5944: 5938: 5937: 5929: 5918: 5917: 5915: 5913: 5899: 5893: 5892: 5890: 5888: 5882: 5876:. Archived from 5871: 5863: 5857: 5856: 5854: 5852: 5841: 5835: 5834: 5832: 5830: 5821:. Archived from 5811: 5805: 5804: 5802: 5800: 5791:. Archived from 5781: 5775: 5774: 5772: 5770: 5756: 5750: 5749: 5747: 5745: 5731: 5725: 5724: 5722: 5720: 5706: 5700: 5699: 5698: 5696: 5684: 5678: 5677: 5676: 5674: 5661: 5655: 5654: 5653: 5651: 5634: 5628: 5603: 5597: 5596: 5594: 5592: 5578: 5572: 5571: 5569: 5567: 5558:. Archived from 5552: 5546: 5543: 5537: 5536: 5534: 5532: 5518: 5512: 5503: 5497: 5496: 5494: 5492: 5486: 5475: 5469: 5459: 5453: 5452: 5450: 5448: 5433: 5427: 5426: 5424: 5422: 5413:. Archived from 5411:Argentine Senate 5403: 5397: 5394: 5388: 5381: 5375: 5374: 5372: 5370: 5356: 5339: 5328: 5322: 5315:King Charles III 5311: 5265:Magister militum 5255:Defence minister 5217:Chief of Defence 5189:Second World War 5141:Federal Assembly 5095:Federal Assembly 5008:Överbefälhavaren 4945:At present, the 4908:Charles X Gustav 4902:, several kings— 4785:chief of defence 4615:Emperor of Japan 4566:(chaired by the 4500:German surrender 4494: 4493: 4475: 4474: 4444: 4443: 4416:Oberbefehlshaber 4325:GDR Constitution 4226:(left) saluting 4190:state of defence 4180: 4077: 4068: 3889: 3874: 3691:acting president 3564:chief of defence 3494: 3484: 3482: 3459:ROC Armed Forces 3342:Since 1984, the 3337:Cortes Generales 3205:states that the 3066:defense minister 3002:comandante-chefe 2798:Defence Act 1990 2793:Defence Act 1990 2718:states that the 2253:, while Général 2100:, reviewing the 2090: 2052: 2027:emergency powers 1930:chief of defence 1911:Continuation War 1864:king of Eswatini 1764:chief of defence 1670:chief of defence 1646:countersignature 1578:House of Commons 1572:and the rest of 1555:Canadian monarch 1509:sultan of Brunei 1491:states that the 1421:Chief of Defence 1398: 1261:Defence Act 1903 1243:(chaired by the 1144:states that the 1042:executive branch 1017:, who possessed 949: 942: 935: 744:first lieutenant 714:first lieutenant 625: 624: 619: 605: 604: 595: 588: 581: 501:Lance bombardier 331:First lieutenant 285:Corvette captain 209:flotilla admiral 185:Air vice-marshal 74: 55: 43: 42: 32: 31: 9915: 9914: 9910: 9909: 9908: 9906: 9905: 9904: 9875: 9874: 9873: 9868: 9774: 9662: 9658:Helicopter arms 9624: 9553: 9522: 9460: 9343:Service numbers 9306:Code of Conduct 9276: 9188: 9053: 9049:Other education 8990:Warrant officer 8936:Merchant Marine 8866: 8843: 8817:History centers 8812: 8749:Asian Americans 8732: 8709: 8668: 8629: 8623: 8521: 8453: 8439:Merchant Marine 8415: 8354: 8313: 8225: 8131: 8084: 8079: 8049: 8040: 8002:Reichsmarschall 7949:Marshal of Peru 7808: 7675: 7661:General officer 7650: 7645: 7615: 7614: 7606: 7602: 7596:Wayback Machine 7587: 7583: 7573: 7571: 7560: 7556: 7550: 7539: 7533:Wayback Machine 7522: 7521: 7517: 7507:Wayback Machine 7498: 7494: 7482: 7478: 7472: 7468: 7461: 7460: 7456: 7446: 7444: 7437: 7433: 7432: 7428: 7418: 7416: 7407: 7406: 7402: 7397: 7393: 7377: 7376: 7364: 7360: 7350: 7348: 7335: 7334: 7330: 7322: 7314: 7305: 7295: 7293: 7286: 7282: 7281: 7277: 7267: 7265: 7246: 7242: 7241: 7237: 7227: 7225: 7220: 7219: 7215: 7205: 7203: 7199: 7192: 7186: 7185: 7181: 7171: 7169: 7148: 7147: 7143: 7131: 7127: 7122:Wayback Machine 7114: 7110: 7105: 7100: 7096: 7086: 7085: 7081: 7075:Wayback Machine 7064: 7063: 7059: 7047: 7040: 7030: 7028: 7024: 7013: 7009: 7008: 7004: 6994: 6992: 6991:on 26 July 2013 6979: 6978: 6971: 6961: 6959: 6958:on 20 June 2014 6950: 6949: 6945: 6935: 6933: 6924:(in Armenian). 6922:Encyclopedia.am 6918: 6914: 6913: 6909: 6899: 6897: 6889: 6888: 6884: 6874: 6872: 6864: 6863: 6859: 6853:Wayback Machine 6844: 6840: 6830: 6828: 6817: 6813: 6805:Matthew Moten, 6804: 6800: 6791: 6787: 6777: 6775: 6770: 6769: 6765: 6753: 6749: 6741: 6737: 6725: 6721: 6716:Wayback Machine 6706: 6702: 6692: 6690: 6681: 6680: 6676: 6672:See Article 100 6668: 6664: 6652: 6643: 6633: 6631: 6627: 6620: 6614: 6613: 6609: 6599: 6597: 6592: 6591: 6587: 6577: 6575: 6562: 6561: 6557: 6547: 6545: 6537: 6536: 6532: 6509: 6505: 6495: 6493: 6483: 6482: 6478: 6468: 6466: 6464: 6449: 6443: 6439: 6429: 6427: 6425: 6410: 6404: 6400: 6390: 6388: 6379: 6378: 6374: 6364: 6362: 6353: 6352: 6348: 6338: 6336: 6327: 6326: 6319: 6309: 6307: 6298: 6297: 6293: 6283: 6281: 6272: 6271: 6264: 6256: 6249: 6245: 6244: 6240: 6227: 6226: 6222: 6214: 6207: 6203: 6202: 6198: 6182: 6181: 6174: 6172: 6171:on 4 March 2016 6168: 6161: 6159:"Archived copy" 6157: 6156: 6152: 6142: 6140: 6133: 6129: 6128: 6124: 6111: 6109: 6105: 6104: 6100: 6086: 6084: 6080: 6079: 6075: 6065: 6063: 6058: 6057: 6053: 6044: 6043: 6039: 6030: 6029: 6025: 6013: 6006: 6000: 5995: 5991: 5985: 5980: 5976: 5970: 5965: 5956: 5950: 5945: 5941: 5935: 5930: 5921: 5911: 5909: 5901: 5900: 5896: 5886: 5884: 5880: 5869: 5865: 5864: 5860: 5850: 5848: 5843: 5842: 5838: 5828: 5826: 5813: 5812: 5808: 5798: 5796: 5783: 5782: 5778: 5768: 5766: 5758: 5757: 5753: 5743: 5741: 5733: 5732: 5728: 5718: 5716: 5708: 5707: 5703: 5694: 5692: 5686: 5685: 5681: 5672: 5670: 5663: 5662: 5658: 5649: 5647: 5636: 5635: 5631: 5613:Wayback Machine 5604: 5600: 5590: 5588: 5580: 5579: 5575: 5565: 5563: 5562:on 28 July 2020 5554: 5553: 5549: 5544: 5540: 5530: 5528: 5520: 5519: 5515: 5504: 5500: 5490: 5488: 5484: 5476: 5472: 5460: 5456: 5446: 5444: 5435: 5434: 5430: 5420: 5418: 5405: 5404: 5400: 5395: 5391: 5382: 5378: 5368: 5366: 5358: 5357: 5353: 5348: 5343: 5342: 5329: 5325: 5312: 5308: 5303: 5225: 5205: 5181:First World War 5165:Swiss Civil War 5122:Korpskommandant 5108:are led by the 5083:Federal Council 5053: 4892:Guards Regiment 4852: 4835:designates the 4794: 4720: 4673: 4650: 4632:is held by the 4590:, prior to the 4584: 4562:rests with the 4548: 4508: 4431:Teilstreitkraft 4423:military branch 4400:Reichspräsident 4398:) to 1918, the 4384:king of Prussia 4372:Weimar Republic 4286:Reichspräsident 4271:began with the 4269:Weimar Republic 4236:Nuremberg Rally 4230:(right) with a 4125:and due to its 4119:Bundeswehr oath 4107: 4106: 4105: 4104: 4088:Boris Pistorius 4080: 4079: 4078: 4070: 4069: 4053: 4039:designates the 4033: 3990: 3916: 3906:, the two-time 3904:Vazgen Sargsyan 3857: 3852: 3806: 3786: 3761:Uzbek president 3757: 3737:37.180 states: 3733:, for example, 3711: 3653:U.S. President 3647: 3641: 3590:British monarch 3586: 3580: 3556: 3509: 3473: 3467: 3447: 3431: 3376:deputy minister 3356: 3279:authorizes the 3250: 3223: 3199: 3187: 3171: 3137: 3117: 3097:arms of service 3030:Dmitry Medvedev 3016: 3010: 2971: 2935:In Poland, the 2933: 2905: 2899: 2859: 2853: 2826: 2806: 2768: 2762: 2712: 2672: 2652: 2644:Kenya Air Force 2630:, known as the 2618:identifies the 2612: 2576: 2532: 2504: 2469:), an admiral ( 2435: 2322: 2306: 2282: 2266:Fourth Republic 2247:Philippe Pétain 2192:Second Republic 2123: 2118: 2117: 2116: 2113: 2091: 2082: 2059:Nicolas Sarkozy 2053: 2019:Chef des Armées 2007: 2001: 1896: 1876: 1860: 1816: 1808:National Police 1792: 1768:Defence Command 1678: 1630: 1598: 1527: 1521: 1505: 1485: 1437: 1415:designates the 1409: 1369: 1353:M. A. G. Osmani 1330: 1298: 1228:representative. 1191:The Lord Gowrie 1181: 1118: 1098: 1081: 1065:military branch 997: 977:military branch 953: 917: 912: 899: 887: 882: 875:2+ field armies 869: 857: 854:colonel general 850:100,000–300,000 807: 794: 789: 777: 764: 752: 747: 734: 729: 717: 712: 699: 687: 682: 669: 657: 634:Typical numbers 599: 563: 558: 543: 538: 533: 519: 504: 499: 475: 437:Warrant officer 430: 427:Warrant officer 420: 417:Warrant officer 375: 365: 346: 342: 334: 296:Squadron leader 290: 278: 259: 256:Frigate captain 236: 207: 197: 180:Counter admiral 178: 168: 144: 120: 117:colonel general 115: 70: 69: 61: 53: 52: 50: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 9913: 9903: 9902: 9900:Military ranks 9897: 9892: 9887: 9870: 9869: 9867: 9866: 9865: 9864: 9859: 9854: 9849: 9844: 9839: 9826: 9825: 9824: 9819: 9814: 9809: 9804: 9799: 9783: 9780: 9779: 9776: 9775: 9773: 9772: 9771: 9770: 9765: 9760: 9749: 9744: 9743: 9742: 9737: 9732: 9727: 9722: 9717: 9712: 9707: 9702: 9691: 9681: 9676: 9674:WWII equipment 9670: 9668: 9664: 9663: 9661: 9660: 9655: 9650: 9649: 9648: 9643: 9632: 9630: 9626: 9625: 9623: 9622: 9617: 9616: 9615: 9607: 9606: 9605: 9600: 9595: 9590: 9585: 9580: 9575: 9567: 9565:All watercraft 9561: 9559: 9555: 9554: 9552: 9551: 9541: 9536: 9530: 9528: 9521: 9520: 9515: 9510: 9505: 9504: 9503: 9498: 9493: 9485: 9474: 9472: 9466: 9465: 9462: 9461: 9459: 9458: 9457: 9456: 9451: 9446: 9441: 9436: 9425: 9420: 9415: 9410: 9401: 9396: 9391: 9386: 9373: 9372: 9371: 9366: 9361: 9356: 9351: 9340: 9339: 9338: 9333: 9328: 9323: 9318: 9313: 9308: 9300: 9299: 9298: 9293: 9284: 9282: 9278: 9277: 9275: 9274: 9273: 9272: 9267: 9262: 9257: 9252: 9247: 9239: 9234: 9233: 9232: 9227: 9222: 9217: 9212: 9207: 9198: 9196: 9190: 9189: 9187: 9186: 9185: 9184: 9179: 9174: 9169: 9164: 9159: 9154: 9152:Identification 9143: 9142: 9141: 9136: 9131: 9126: 9121: 9116: 9111: 9106: 9095: 9094: 9093: 9088: 9083: 9078: 9073: 9061: 9059: 9055: 9054: 9052: 9051: 9046: 9045: 9044: 9039: 9034: 9029: 9024: 9016: 9010: 9005: 9000: 8999: 8998: 8987: 8986: 8985: 8980: 8975: 8970: 8962: 8961: 8960: 8955: 8950: 8940: 8939: 8938: 8933: 8928: 8916: 8904: 8885: 8883: 8876: 8872: 8871: 8868: 8867: 8865: 8864: 8859: 8853: 8851: 8845: 8844: 8842: 8841: 8836: 8831: 8826: 8820: 8818: 8814: 8813: 8811: 8810: 8809: 8808: 8807: 8806: 8796: 8791: 8786: 8781: 8771: 8769:Sikh Americans 8766: 8761: 8756: 8751: 8746: 8740: 8738: 8734: 8733: 8731: 8730: 8725: 8719: 8717: 8711: 8710: 8708: 8707: 8702: 8697: 8692: 8687: 8682: 8676: 8674: 8670: 8669: 8667: 8666: 8661: 8656: 8651: 8646: 8640: 8634: 8625: 8624: 8622: 8621: 8616: 8611: 8606: 8605: 8604: 8599: 8594: 8589: 8584: 8579: 8571: 8566: 8561: 8560: 8559: 8554: 8549: 8544: 8533: 8531: 8527: 8526: 8523: 8522: 8520: 8519: 8517:Transportation 8514: 8509: 8504: 8499: 8494: 8489: 8484: 8479: 8474: 8469: 8463: 8461: 8455: 8454: 8452: 8451: 8446: 8441: 8436: 8431: 8425: 8423: 8417: 8416: 8414: 8413: 8412: 8411: 8406: 8398:National Guard 8395: 8394: 8393: 8388: 8383: 8378: 8373: 8364: 8362: 8356: 8355: 8353: 8352: 8347: 8342: 8337: 8332: 8327: 8321: 8319: 8315: 8314: 8312: 8311: 8310: 8309: 8295: 8294: 8293: 8283: 8282: 8281: 8271: 8270: 8269: 8259: 8258: 8257: 8242: 8240: 8233: 8227: 8226: 8224: 8223: 8218: 8213: 8208: 8203: 8198: 8197: 8196: 8191: 8183: 8182: 8181: 8176: 8165: 8160: 8155: 8150: 8145: 8139: 8137: 8133: 8132: 8130: 8129: 8123: 8117: 8111: 8105: 8099: 8093: 8089: 8086: 8085: 8078: 8077: 8070: 8063: 8055: 8046: 8045: 8042: 8041: 8039: 8038: 8031: 8024: 8017: 8010: 8005: 7998: 7991: 7990: 7989: 7984: 7979: 7971: 7966: 7961: 7956: 7951: 7946: 7941: 7936: 7931: 7924: 7919: 7916:Jenderal besar 7912: 7909:Chom Thap Thai 7905: 7900: 7899: 7898: 7893: 7885: 7878: 7871: 7866: 7861: 7856: 7849: 7842: 7835: 7830: 7824: 7818: 7814: 7813: 7810: 7809: 7807: 7806: 7801: 7796: 7791: 7784: 7777: 7772: 7767: 7762: 7755: 7748: 7741: 7736: 7734:Grand Domestic 7731: 7724: 7719: 7714: 7707: 7700: 7695: 7687: 7681: 7677: 7676: 7674: 7673: 7668: 7663: 7658: 7655: 7652: 7651: 7644: 7643: 7636: 7629: 7621: 7613: 7612: 7600: 7581: 7568:The New Yorker 7554: 7537: 7515: 7492: 7476: 7466: 7454: 7426: 7400: 7391: 7358: 7328: 7303: 7275: 7235: 7213: 7179: 7141: 7125: 7108: 7094: 7079: 7057: 7038: 7002: 6981:"Constitution" 6969: 6943: 6907: 6882: 6857: 6838: 6811: 6798: 6785: 6763: 6747: 6735: 6719: 6700: 6674: 6662: 6641: 6607: 6585: 6555: 6530: 6503: 6476: 6462: 6437: 6423: 6411:(google books) 6398: 6372: 6346: 6317: 6291: 6262: 6238: 6220: 6196: 6150: 6122: 6098: 6073: 6051: 6037: 6023: 6004: 5989: 5974: 5954: 5939: 5919: 5905:(in Spanish). 5894: 5874:Danish Defence 5858: 5836: 5806: 5795:on 3 July 2014 5776: 5751: 5726: 5701: 5679: 5656: 5646:on 28 May 2013 5629: 5598: 5573: 5547: 5538: 5513: 5498: 5470: 5454: 5428: 5398: 5389: 5376: 5350: 5349: 5347: 5344: 5341: 5340: 5323: 5305: 5304: 5302: 5299: 5298: 5297: 5292: 5287: 5282: 5277: 5275:Military junta 5272: 5267: 5262: 5257: 5252: 5246: 5241: 5236: 5231: 5224: 5221: 5213:European Union 5204: 5201: 5183:, and General 5136:equivalence). 5114:Chef der Armee 5052: 5049: 5041:military staff 4974:Lennart Geijer 4900:Swedish Empire 4851: 4848: 4793: 4790: 4770:royal insignia 4755:prime minister 4719: 4716: 4672: 4669: 4649: 4646: 4619:constitutional 4583: 4580: 4568:prime minister 4547: 4544: 4528:prime minister 4507: 4504: 4496:Wilhelm Keitel 4388:German emperor 4360: 4359: 4352:3 October 1990 4339:of the ruling 4303: 4302: 4217: 4216: 4205: 4182: 4082: 4081: 4072: 4071: 4063: 4062: 4061: 4060: 4059: 4058: 4057: 4052: 4049: 4032: 4029: 4025:mainland China 3989: 3986: 3948:Party Congress 3915: 3912: 3896:Garegin Nzhdeh 3856: 3853: 3851: 3848: 3805: 3802: 3785: 3782: 3756: 3753: 3719:National Guard 3710: 3707: 3643:Main article: 3640: 3637: 3598:prime minister 3582:Main article: 3579: 3578:United Kingdom 3576: 3555: 3552: 3508: 3505: 3492:Chom Thap Thai 3466: 3463: 3446: 3443: 3430: 3427: 3384:prime minister 3355: 3352: 3260:in uniform of 3249: 3246: 3222: 3219: 3198: 3195: 3186: 3183: 3179:Army of Serbia 3170: 3167: 3143:Emblem of the 3136: 3133: 3116: 3113: 3034:Vladimir Putin 3012:Main article: 3009: 3006: 2970: 2967: 2932: 2929: 2901:Main article: 2898: 2895: 2852: 2849: 2825: 2822: 2805: 2802: 2764:Main article: 2761: 2758: 2711: 2708: 2703: 2702: 2671: 2668: 2651: 2648: 2611: 2608: 2592:prime minister 2575: 2572: 2536:Defence Forces 2531: 2528: 2503: 2500: 2434: 2431: 2330:Droupadi Murmu 2321: 2318: 2305: 2302: 2281: 2278: 2270:Fifth Republic 2207:Third Republic 2205:The following 2194:and later the 2188:Louis Philippe 2122: 2119: 2115: 2114: 2102:Imperial Guard 2092: 2085: 2083: 2075:Champs-Élysées 2054: 2047: 2044: 2043: 2042: 2038:prime minister 2003:Main article: 2000: 1997: 1967:prime minister 1959: 1958: 1955: 1952: 1949: 1895: 1892: 1875: 1872: 1859: 1856: 1836:Yom Kippur War 1815: 1812: 1791: 1788: 1732:prime minister 1706:Danish monarch 1677: 1674: 1650:prime minister 1629: 1626: 1614:Franjo Tudjman 1597: 1594: 1570:prime minister 1520: 1517: 1504: 1501: 1484: 1481: 1436: 1433: 1408: 1405: 1368: 1365: 1342:prime minister 1329: 1326: 1297: 1294: 1245:Prime Minister 1203:Prime Minister 1180: 1177: 1117: 1114: 1097: 1094: 1093: 1092: 1088: 1080: 1077: 1069:special branch 1011:Roman Republic 996: 993: 955: 954: 952: 951: 944: 937: 929: 926: 925: 922: 921: 906: 905:4+ army groups 903: 892: 891: 876: 873: 862: 861: 851: 848: 842: 841: 836: 833: 827: 826: 821: 818: 812: 811: 801: 798: 782: 781: 771: 768: 757: 756: 741: 738: 722: 721: 706: 703: 692: 691: 689:staff sergeant 676: 673: 662: 661: 654:lance corporal 651: 648: 642: 641: 635: 632: 621: 620: 612: 611: 601: 600: 598: 597: 590: 583: 575: 572: 571: 568: 567: 552: 547: 527: 524: 523: 521:Air specialist 513: 508: 496:Lance corporal 493: 490: 489: 484: 482:Leading seaman 479: 469: 466: 465: 463:Enlisted ranks 459: 458: 453: 448: 443: 440: 439: 434: 424: 422:sergeant major 414: 411: 410: 404: 403: 398: 393: 388: 385: 384: 379: 369: 359: 356: 355: 353:Flying officer 350: 348:sub-lieutenant 338: 328: 325: 324: 319: 314: 309: 306: 305: 299: 298: 293: 282: 272: 269: 268: 266:Wing commander 263: 253: 248: 245: 244: 239: 232: 227: 224: 223: 217: 216: 211: 201: 191: 188: 187: 182: 172: 162: 159: 158: 153: 148: 138: 135: 134: 129: 124: 109: 106: 105: 100: 95: 86: 83: 82: 76: 75: 64: 57: 46: 39: 38: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9912: 9901: 9898: 9896: 9893: 9891: 9888: 9886: 9883: 9882: 9880: 9863: 9860: 9858: 9855: 9853: 9850: 9848: 9845: 9843: 9840: 9838: 9835: 9834: 9827: 9823: 9820: 9818: 9815: 9813: 9810: 9808: 9805: 9803: 9800: 9798: 9795: 9794: 9793: 9785: 9784: 9781: 9769: 9766: 9764: 9761: 9759: 9756: 9755: 9753: 9750: 9748: 9745: 9741: 9738: 9736: 9733: 9731: 9728: 9726: 9723: 9721: 9718: 9716: 9713: 9711: 9708: 9706: 9703: 9701: 9698: 9697: 9695: 9692: 9689: 9685: 9682: 9680: 9677: 9675: 9672: 9671: 9669: 9665: 9659: 9656: 9654: 9651: 9647: 9644: 9642: 9639: 9638: 9637: 9634: 9633: 9631: 9627: 9621: 9618: 9614: 9611: 9610: 9608: 9604: 9601: 9599: 9596: 9594: 9591: 9589: 9586: 9584: 9581: 9579: 9576: 9574: 9571: 9570: 9568: 9566: 9563: 9562: 9560: 9556: 9549: 9545: 9542: 9540: 9537: 9535: 9532: 9531: 9529: 9525: 9519: 9516: 9514: 9511: 9509: 9506: 9502: 9499: 9497: 9494: 9492: 9489: 9488: 9486: 9483: 9479: 9476: 9475: 9473: 9471: 9467: 9455: 9452: 9450: 9447: 9445: 9442: 9440: 9437: 9435: 9432: 9431: 9429: 9426: 9424: 9421: 9419: 9416: 9414: 9411: 9409: 9405: 9402: 9400: 9397: 9395: 9392: 9390: 9387: 9385: 9381: 9377: 9374: 9370: 9367: 9365: 9362: 9360: 9357: 9355: 9352: 9350: 9347: 9346: 9344: 9341: 9337: 9334: 9332: 9329: 9327: 9324: 9322: 9319: 9317: 9314: 9312: 9309: 9307: 9304: 9303: 9301: 9297: 9294: 9292: 9289: 9288: 9286: 9285: 9283: 9279: 9271: 9268: 9266: 9263: 9261: 9258: 9256: 9253: 9251: 9248: 9246: 9243: 9242: 9240: 9238: 9235: 9231: 9228: 9226: 9223: 9221: 9218: 9216: 9213: 9211: 9208: 9206: 9203: 9202: 9200: 9199: 9197: 9195: 9191: 9183: 9180: 9178: 9175: 9173: 9170: 9168: 9165: 9163: 9160: 9158: 9155: 9153: 9150: 9149: 9147: 9144: 9140: 9137: 9135: 9134:International 9132: 9130: 9127: 9125: 9122: 9120: 9117: 9115: 9112: 9110: 9107: 9105: 9104:Inter-service 9102: 9101: 9099: 9096: 9092: 9089: 9087: 9084: 9082: 9079: 9077: 9074: 9072: 9069: 9068: 9066: 9063: 9062: 9060: 9056: 9050: 9047: 9043: 9040: 9038: 9035: 9033: 9030: 9028: 9025: 9023: 9020: 9019: 9017: 9014: 9011: 9009: 9006: 9004: 9001: 8997: 8994: 8993: 8991: 8988: 8984: 8981: 8979: 8976: 8974: 8971: 8969: 8966: 8965: 8963: 8959: 8956: 8954: 8951: 8949: 8946: 8945: 8944: 8941: 8937: 8934: 8932: 8929: 8925: 8920: 8917: 8913: 8908: 8905: 8901: 8896: 8893: 8892: 8890: 8887: 8886: 8884: 8880: 8877: 8873: 8863: 8860: 8858: 8855: 8854: 8852: 8850: 8846: 8840: 8837: 8835: 8832: 8830: 8827: 8825: 8822: 8821: 8819: 8815: 8805: 8802: 8801: 8800: 8797: 8795: 8792: 8790: 8787: 8785: 8782: 8780: 8777: 8776: 8775: 8772: 8770: 8767: 8765: 8762: 8760: 8757: 8755: 8752: 8750: 8747: 8745: 8742: 8741: 8739: 8735: 8729: 8726: 8724: 8721: 8720: 8718: 8716: 8712: 8706: 8703: 8701: 8698: 8696: 8693: 8691: 8688: 8686: 8683: 8681: 8678: 8677: 8675: 8671: 8665: 8664:Civil affairs 8662: 8660: 8657: 8655: 8652: 8650: 8647: 8645: 8642: 8641: 8638: 8635: 8633: 8626: 8620: 8617: 8615: 8612: 8610: 8607: 8603: 8600: 8598: 8595: 8593: 8590: 8588: 8585: 8583: 8580: 8578: 8575: 8574: 8572: 8570: 8569:Installations 8567: 8565: 8562: 8558: 8555: 8553: 8550: 8548: 8545: 8543: 8540: 8539: 8538: 8535: 8534: 8532: 8528: 8518: 8515: 8513: 8510: 8508: 8505: 8503: 8500: 8498: 8495: 8493: 8490: 8488: 8485: 8483: 8480: 8478: 8475: 8473: 8470: 8468: 8465: 8464: 8462: 8460: 8456: 8450: 8447: 8445: 8442: 8440: 8437: 8435: 8432: 8430: 8427: 8426: 8424: 8422: 8418: 8410: 8407: 8405: 8402: 8401: 8399: 8396: 8392: 8389: 8387: 8384: 8382: 8379: 8377: 8374: 8372: 8369: 8368: 8366: 8365: 8363: 8361: 8357: 8351: 8348: 8346: 8343: 8341: 8338: 8336: 8333: 8331: 8328: 8326: 8323: 8322: 8320: 8316: 8308: 8307: 8303: 8302: 8301: 8300: 8296: 8292: 8289: 8288: 8287: 8284: 8280: 8277: 8276: 8275: 8272: 8268: 8265: 8264: 8263: 8260: 8256: 8255: 8251: 8250: 8249: 8248: 8244: 8243: 8241: 8237: 8234: 8232: 8228: 8222: 8219: 8217: 8214: 8212: 8209: 8207: 8204: 8202: 8199: 8195: 8192: 8190: 8187: 8186: 8184: 8180: 8179:Vice Chairman 8177: 8175: 8172: 8171: 8169: 8166: 8164: 8161: 8159: 8156: 8154: 8151: 8149: 8146: 8144: 8141: 8140: 8138: 8134: 8128: 8124: 8122: 8118: 8116: 8112: 8110: 8106: 8104: 8100: 8098: 8094: 8091: 8090: 8087: 8083: 8076: 8071: 8069: 8064: 8062: 8057: 8056: 8053: 8037: 8036: 8032: 8030: 8029: 8025: 8023: 8022: 8018: 8016: 8015: 8011: 8009: 8006: 8004: 8003: 7999: 7997: 7996: 7992: 7988: 7985: 7983: 7982:General (YPA) 7980: 7978: 7977:Field Marshal 7975: 7974: 7972: 7970: 7967: 7965: 7962: 7960: 7957: 7955: 7952: 7950: 7947: 7945: 7942: 7940: 7937: 7935: 7932: 7930: 7929: 7925: 7923: 7920: 7918: 7917: 7913: 7911: 7910: 7906: 7904: 7903:Grand marshal 7901: 7897: 7894: 7892: 7891:Generalissimo 7889: 7888: 7887:Soviet Union 7886: 7884: 7883: 7882:Generalissimo 7879: 7877: 7876: 7872: 7870: 7867: 7865: 7862: 7860: 7857: 7855: 7854: 7850: 7848: 7847: 7843: 7841: 7840: 7836: 7834: 7831: 7829: 7826: 7825: 7822: 7819: 7815: 7805: 7802: 7800: 7797: 7795: 7792: 7790: 7789: 7785: 7783: 7782: 7778: 7776: 7773: 7771: 7768: 7766: 7763: 7761: 7760: 7756: 7754: 7753: 7749: 7747: 7746: 7742: 7740: 7737: 7735: 7732: 7730: 7729: 7725: 7723: 7720: 7718: 7715: 7713: 7712: 7708: 7706: 7705: 7701: 7699: 7696: 7694: 7693: 7692:Amir al-umara 7689: 7688: 7685: 7682: 7678: 7672: 7669: 7667: 7664: 7662: 7659: 7657: 7656: 7653: 7649: 7642: 7637: 7635: 7630: 7628: 7623: 7622: 7619: 7609: 7604: 7597: 7593: 7590: 7585: 7569: 7565: 7558: 7552: 7548: 7546: 7544: 7542: 7534: 7530: 7527: 7519: 7512: 7508: 7504: 7501: 7496: 7489: 7485: 7480: 7474: 7470: 7458: 7443: 7436: 7430: 7414: 7410: 7404: 7395: 7387: 7381: 7373: 7369: 7362: 7346: 7342: 7338: 7332: 7321: 7320: 7312: 7310: 7308: 7292: 7285: 7279: 7263: 7259: 7255: 7251: 7247: 7239: 7223: 7217: 7198: 7191: 7190: 7183: 7167: 7163: 7159: 7155: 7151: 7145: 7138: 7134: 7129: 7123: 7119: 7116: 7112: 7103: 7098: 7091: 7083: 7076: 7072: 7069: 7061: 7054: 7050: 7045: 7043: 7023: 7019: 7012: 7006: 6990: 6986: 6982: 6976: 6974: 6957: 6953: 6947: 6931: 6927: 6923: 6919: 6917:Նժդեհ Գարեգին 6911: 6896: 6892: 6886: 6871: 6867: 6866:"Law section" 6861: 6854: 6850: 6847: 6842: 6826: 6822: 6815: 6808: 6802: 6795: 6789: 6773: 6767: 6760: 6756: 6751: 6744: 6739: 6732: 6728: 6723: 6717: 6713: 6709: 6704: 6688: 6684: 6678: 6671: 6666: 6659: 6655: 6650: 6648: 6646: 6626: 6619: 6618: 6611: 6595: 6589: 6573: 6569: 6565: 6559: 6544: 6540: 6534: 6526: 6522: 6518: 6514: 6507: 6492: 6491: 6486: 6480: 6465: 6463:9780981537894 6459: 6455: 6450:(googlebooks) 6448: 6441: 6426: 6424:9788124109236 6420: 6416: 6409: 6402: 6386: 6382: 6376: 6360: 6356: 6350: 6334: 6330: 6324: 6322: 6305: 6301: 6295: 6279: 6278:Teara.govt.nz 6275: 6269: 6267: 6255: 6248: 6242: 6234: 6230: 6224: 6213: 6206: 6200: 6192: 6186: 6167: 6160: 6154: 6139: 6132: 6126: 6119: 6108: 6102: 6095: 6083: 6077: 6061: 6055: 6047: 6041: 6033: 6027: 6020: 6016: 6011: 6009: 5998: 5993: 5983: 5978: 5968: 5963: 5961: 5959: 5948: 5943: 5933: 5928: 5926: 5924: 5908: 5904: 5898: 5879: 5875: 5868: 5862: 5846: 5840: 5824: 5820: 5816: 5810: 5794: 5790: 5786: 5780: 5765: 5761: 5755: 5740: 5736: 5730: 5715: 5711: 5705: 5691: 5690: 5683: 5668: 5667: 5660: 5645: 5641: 5640: 5633: 5626: 5622: 5618: 5614: 5610: 5607: 5602: 5587: 5583: 5577: 5561: 5557: 5551: 5542: 5527: 5523: 5517: 5511: 5507: 5502: 5487:. p. iii 5483: 5482: 5474: 5467: 5463: 5458: 5442: 5438: 5432: 5416: 5412: 5408: 5402: 5393: 5387: 5380: 5365: 5361: 5355: 5351: 5337: 5333: 5327: 5320: 5316: 5310: 5306: 5296: 5293: 5291: 5288: 5286: 5283: 5281: 5280:Praetorianism 5278: 5276: 5273: 5271: 5268: 5266: 5263: 5261: 5260:Generalissimo 5258: 5256: 5253: 5250: 5247: 5245: 5242: 5240: 5237: 5235: 5232: 5230: 5227: 5226: 5220: 5218: 5214: 5210: 5200: 5198: 5194: 5190: 5186: 5182: 5178: 5174: 5170: 5166: 5162: 5157: 5154: 5150: 5146: 5142: 5137: 5135: 5131: 5127: 5123: 5119: 5115: 5111: 5107: 5102: 5100: 5097:must elect a 5096: 5092: 5088: 5087:head of state 5084: 5076: 5072: 5069: 5066: 5062: 5057: 5048: 5046: 5042: 5038: 5034: 5030: 5026: 5022: 5021: 5016: 5011: 5009: 5005: 5001: 4997: 4992: 4990: 4986: 4982: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4968: 4964: 4960: 4956: 4952: 4948: 4943: 4941: 4937: 4933: 4929: 4925: 4921: 4917: 4913: 4909: 4905: 4901: 4897: 4893: 4889: 4885: 4881: 4877: 4869: 4868:head of state 4865: 4861: 4856: 4847: 4845: 4840: 4838: 4834: 4829: 4827: 4824:chair is the 4823: 4819: 4815: 4811: 4807: 4798: 4789: 4786: 4782: 4778: 4773: 4771: 4767: 4763: 4758: 4756: 4752: 4748: 4744: 4740: 4739: 4733: 4724: 4715: 4713: 4709: 4705: 4701: 4697: 4693: 4689: 4682: 4677: 4668: 4665: 4663: 4658: 4655: 4645: 4643: 4639: 4635: 4631: 4626: 4624: 4620: 4616: 4612: 4608: 4607: 4603: 4599: 4598: 4593: 4589: 4579: 4577: 4573: 4569: 4565: 4561: 4557: 4553: 4543: 4541: 4537: 4533: 4529: 4525: 4521: 4517: 4513: 4503: 4501: 4497: 4488: 4487: 4482: 4478: 4473: 4467: 4463: 4459: 4454: 4452: 4448: 4445:, and in the 4442: 4436: 4432: 4428: 4424: 4419: 4417: 4413: 4409: 4405: 4401: 4397: 4393: 4389: 4385: 4381: 4380:head of state 4377: 4373: 4369: 4368:German Empire 4365: 4357: 4356: 4355: 4353: 4349: 4344: 4342: 4338: 4334: 4330: 4326: 4322: 4318: 4317: 4312: 4308: 4300: 4299: 4298: 4296: 4292: 4288: 4287: 4282: 4278: 4277:1925 election 4274: 4270: 4266: 4262: 4257: 4253: 4250: 4246: 4245:head of state 4237: 4233: 4229: 4225: 4221: 4214: 4213:head of state 4210: 4206: 4203: 4199: 4195: 4191: 4188:declares the 4187: 4183: 4179: 4178: 4172: 4168: 4164: 4160: 4156: 4152: 4151: 4150: 4148: 4144: 4140: 4132: 4128: 4124: 4120: 4116: 4111: 4102: 4099: 4096: 4092: 4089: 4086: 4076: 4067: 4055: 4054: 4048: 4046: 4042: 4038: 4028: 4026: 4022: 4019: 4015: 4011: 4007: 4003: 3999: 3995: 3985: 3983: 3979: 3975: 3970: 3968: 3967:head of state 3964: 3959: 3957: 3953: 3949: 3945: 3941: 3937: 3933: 3929: 3925: 3921: 3911: 3909: 3905: 3901: 3897: 3893: 3885: 3881: 3879: 3870: 3866: 3862: 3847: 3845: 3844:General Staff 3841: 3837: 3832: 3830: 3826: 3823: 3819: 3815: 3811: 3801: 3794: 3790: 3781: 3778: 3774: 3770: 3766: 3762: 3751: 3747: 3743: 3738: 3736: 3732: 3728: 3724: 3723:State Militia 3720: 3716: 3706: 3704: 3700: 3696: 3692: 3688: 3687:Kamala Harris 3684: 3680: 3676: 3672: 3668: 3664: 3661:According to 3656: 3651: 3646: 3639:United States 3636: 3634: 3630: 3626: 3622: 3618: 3613: 3611: 3607: 3603: 3599: 3595: 3591: 3585: 3575: 3573: 3569: 3565: 3561: 3551: 3549: 3544: 3540: 3536: 3532: 3524: 3520: 3517: 3513: 3504: 3502: 3498: 3493: 3487: 3478: 3472: 3462: 3460: 3456: 3452: 3442: 3440: 3436: 3426: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3391: 3389: 3385: 3381: 3377: 3373: 3369: 3365: 3361: 3351: 3349: 3345: 3340: 3338: 3332: 3330: 3324: 3322: 3317: 3314: 3312: 3308: 3304: 3303:countersigned 3299: 3296: 3291: 3290: 3284: 3282: 3278: 3273: 3267: 3263: 3259: 3254: 3245: 3243: 3236: 3235:Yoon Suk-yeol 3232: 3227: 3218: 3216: 3212: 3208: 3204: 3194: 3192: 3182: 3180: 3176: 3166: 3162: 3159: 3157: 3154:states: "The 3153: 3146: 3141: 3132: 3130: 3126: 3122: 3112: 3110: 3106: 3102: 3098: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3082: 3077: 3075: 3074:general staff 3071: 3067: 3063: 3059: 3055: 3051: 3047: 3039: 3035: 3031: 3027: 3026: 3020: 3015: 3005: 3003: 2999: 2994: 2992: 2988: 2984: 2980: 2976: 2966: 2964: 2959: 2955: 2949: 2944: 2942: 2938: 2928: 2926: 2922: 2918: 2914: 2913:head of state 2910: 2904: 2894: 2892: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2868: 2865:, before the 2864: 2858: 2848: 2846: 2841: 2836: 2834: 2830: 2821: 2819: 2815: 2811: 2801: 2799: 2795: 2794: 2789: 2785: 2780: 2778: 2773: 2767: 2757: 2755: 2751: 2746: 2744: 2739: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2725: 2721: 2717: 2707: 2700: 2699: 2698: 2695: 2693: 2689: 2688:Field Marshal 2685: 2681: 2677: 2667: 2665: 2661: 2657: 2647: 2645: 2641: 2637: 2633: 2629: 2625: 2621: 2617: 2603: 2599: 2597: 2593: 2589: 2585: 2581: 2571: 2569: 2565: 2564:Naval Service 2561: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2537: 2527: 2525: 2521: 2517: 2513: 2509: 2499: 2496: 2492: 2488: 2484: 2480: 2476: 2472: 2468: 2464: 2460: 2456: 2452: 2448: 2444: 2440: 2430: 2428: 2424: 2420: 2416: 2412: 2408: 2404: 2400: 2396: 2391: 2389: 2385: 2384: 2379: 2378: 2372: 2370: 2366: 2362: 2357: 2355: 2351: 2347: 2346:head of state 2343: 2339: 2331: 2326: 2313: 2309: 2301: 2299: 2298:Field Marshal 2295: 2291: 2287: 2277: 2275: 2271: 2267: 2262: 2260: 2256: 2252: 2248: 2245: 2244: 2239: 2234: 2232: 2228: 2224: 2220: 2216: 2212: 2208: 2203: 2201: 2197: 2196:Second Empire 2193: 2189: 2185: 2184:July Monarchy 2181: 2180: 2174: 2172: 2168: 2165: 2161: 2160: 2155: 2154: 2149: 2148: 2143: 2138: 2136: 2132: 2128: 2111: 2110:Horace Vernet 2107: 2103: 2099: 2095: 2089: 2084: 2080: 2076: 2072: 2068: 2064: 2060: 2057: 2051: 2046: 2045: 2041: 2039: 2035: 2030: 2028: 2024: 2020: 2016: 2012: 2006: 1996: 1993: 1991: 1990:puolustustila 1987: 1983: 1979: 1975: 1970: 1968: 1964: 1956: 1953: 1950: 1947: 1946: 1945: 1943: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1919: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1891: 1889: 1885: 1881: 1871: 1869: 1865: 1855: 1853: 1849: 1845: 1841: 1840:field marshal 1837: 1833: 1832:Mohamed Morsi 1829: 1825: 1821: 1811: 1809: 1805: 1801: 1797: 1787: 1785: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1765: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1744:Forsvarsloven 1741: 1736: 1733: 1729: 1728: 1723: 1718: 1716: 1711: 1707: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1682: 1673: 1671: 1667: 1662: 1660: 1656: 1651: 1647: 1643: 1639: 1635: 1625: 1623: 1622:General Staff 1619: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1603: 1593: 1591: 1587: 1583: 1579: 1575: 1571: 1566: 1564: 1560: 1556: 1552: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1531: 1526: 1516: 1514: 1510: 1500: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1480: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1441: 1432: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1404: 1402: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1378: 1373: 1364: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1349: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1325: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1303: 1292: 1290: 1286: 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A nation's 1027: 1022: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1007:Roman Kingdom 1004: 1003: 992: 990: 986: 982: 981:head of state 978: 974: 970: 966: 962: 950: 945: 943: 938: 936: 931: 930: 928: 927: 920: 915: 910: 907: 904: 902: 897: 894: 893: 890: 885: 880: 879:field marshal 877: 874: 872: 867: 864: 863: 860: 855: 852: 849: 847: 844: 843: 840: 837: 835:30,000–50,000 834: 832: 829: 828: 825: 824:major general 822: 820:10,000–25,000 819: 817: 814: 813: 810: 805: 802: 799: 797: 792: 787: 784: 783: 780: 775: 772: 769: 767: 762: 759: 758: 755: 750: 745: 742: 739: 737: 732: 727: 724: 723: 720: 715: 710: 707: 704: 702: 697: 694: 693: 690: 685: 680: 677: 674: 672: 667: 664: 663: 660: 655: 652: 649: 647: 644: 643: 640: 631: 626: 623: 622: 618: 614: 613: 610: 607: 606: 596: 591: 589: 584: 582: 577: 576: 574: 573: 566: 561: 556: 553: 551: 548: 546: 541: 536: 531: 528: 525: 522: 517: 514: 512: 509: 507: 502: 497: 494: 491: 488: 485: 483: 480: 478: 473: 470: 467: 464: 460: 457: 454: 452: 451:Petty officer 449: 447: 444: 441: 438: 435: 433: 428: 425: 423: 418: 415: 412: 409: 405: 402: 399: 397: 396:Officer cadet 394: 392: 391:Officer cadet 389: 386: 383: 382:Pilot officer 380: 378: 373: 370: 368: 363: 360: 357: 354: 351: 349: 344: 339: 337: 332: 329: 326: 323: 320: 318: 315: 313: 310: 307: 304: 300: 297: 294: 292: 286: 283: 281: 276: 273: 270: 267: 264: 262: 257: 254: 252: 249: 246: 243: 242:Group captain 240: 238: 233: 231: 228: 225: 222: 218: 215: 214:Air commodore 212: 210: 205: 202: 200: 195: 192: 189: 186: 183: 181: 176: 173: 171: 166: 165:Major general 163: 160: 157: 154: 152: 149: 147: 142: 139: 136: 133: 130: 128: 125: 123: 118: 113: 110: 107: 104: 101: 99: 96: 94: 90: 89:Field marshal 87: 84: 81: 77: 73: 68: 65: 63: 58: 56: 47: 44: 41: 40: 37: 34: 33: 30: 26: 22: 9688:designations 9482:Designations 9423:Conscription 8794:Marine Corps 8728:World War II 8619:Unit mottoes 8564:The Pentagon 8482:Indo-Pacific 8304: 8297: 8252: 8245: 8103:Marine Corps 8033: 8026: 8019: 8012: 8000: 7993: 7926: 7914: 7907: 7880: 7873: 7851: 7844: 7837: 7786: 7779: 7757: 7750: 7743: 7728:Dux bellorum 7726: 7709: 7702: 7690: 7666:Flag officer 7603: 7584: 7572:. Retrieved 7570:. p. 50 7567: 7557: 7523:(in Swedish) 7518: 7495: 7479: 7469: 7462:(in Swedish) 7457: 7445:. Retrieved 7429: 7417:. Retrieved 7413:the original 7403: 7394: 7371: 7367: 7361: 7349:. Retrieved 7345:the original 7331: 7318: 7294:. Retrieved 7278: 7266:. Retrieved 7262:the original 7249: 7238: 7226:. Retrieved 7216: 7204:. Retrieved 7197:the original 7188: 7182: 7170:. Retrieved 7166:the original 7153: 7144: 7128: 7111: 7097: 7082: 7060: 7029:. Retrieved 7022:the original 7005: 6993:. Retrieved 6989:the original 6960:. Retrieved 6956:the original 6946: 6934:. Retrieved 6930:the original 6921: 6910: 6898:. Retrieved 6894: 6885: 6873:. Retrieved 6869: 6860: 6841: 6829:. Retrieved 6824: 6814: 6806: 6801: 6793: 6788: 6776:. Retrieved 6766: 6750: 6738: 6722: 6703: 6691:. Retrieved 6687:the original 6677: 6665: 6632:. Retrieved 6625:the original 6616: 6610: 6598:. Retrieved 6588: 6576:. Retrieved 6572:the original 6558: 6546:. 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