1853:. The conclusion of Peace Treaties with recognized democratic governments in these States will also enable the three Governments to support applications from them for membership of the United Nations. The three Governments agree to examine each separately in the near future in the light of the conditions then prevailing, the establishment of diplomatic relations with Finland, Romania, Bulgaria, and Hungary to the extent possible prior to the conclusion of peace treaties with those countries.
3814:
2264:
34:
1804:, with territories to the east of this excluded from the Soviet Occupation zone and placed under Polish and Soviet civil administration. Poland would receive former German territories in the north and west, but the final delimitation of the western frontier of Poland should await the peace settlement; which eventually took place as the
245:
await the peace settlement." Byrnes continues: "In the light of this history, it is difficult to credit with good faith any person who asserts that Poland's western boundary was fixed by the conferences, or that there was a promise that it would be established at some particular place." Despite this, the
2462:
The expulsion of ethnic
Germans by the Poles concerned, in addition to Germans within areas behind the 1937 Polish border in the West (such as in most of the old Prussian province of West Prussia), the territories placed "under Polish administration" pending a Final German Peace Treaty, i.e. southern
1768:
of
October 1943 have no particular geographical localization. The Three Governments reaffirm their intention to bring these criminals to swift and sure justice. They hope that the negotiations in London will result in speedy agreement being reached for this purpose, and they regard it as a matter of
1661:
Post-war
Germany to be divided into four Occupation Zones under the control of Britain, the Soviet Union, the United States and France; with the Commanders-in-chief of each country's forces exercising sovereign authority over matters within their own zones, while exercising authority jointly through
123:
had not been invited to the
Conference, the French resisted implementing the Potsdam Agreements within their occupation zone. In particular, the French refused to resettle any expelled Germans from the east. Moreover, the French did not accept any obligation to abide by the Potsdam Agreement in the
244:
wrote "we specifically refrained from promising to support at the German Peace
Conference any particular line as the western frontier of Poland." The Berlin Protocol declared: "The three heads of government reaffirm their opinion that the final delimitation of the western frontier of Poland should
1940:
were under great strain, the
Czechoslovak government, the Polish provisional government and the control council in Hungary were asked to submit an estimate of the time and rate at which further transfers could be carried out having regard to the present situation in Germany and suspend further
1702:
in
Germany. The section also agreed that 10% of the industrial capacity of the western zones unnecessary for the German peace economy should be transferred to the Soviet Union within two years. The Soviet Union withdrew its previous objections to French membership of the Allied Reparations
1763:
The Three
Governments have taken note of the discussions which have been proceeding in recent weeks in London between British, United States, Soviet and French representatives with a view to reaching agreement on the methods of trial of those major war criminals whose crimes under the
1831:
had fought on the side of the Allies and was making good progress towards establishment of a democratic government and institutions and that after the peace treaty the three Allies would support an application from a democratic
Italian government for membership of the United Nations.
2250:
Post-war, 'Germany as a whole' would consist solely of aggregate territories of the respective zones of occupation. As all former German territories east of the Oder-Neisse line were excluded from the Soviet
Occupation Zone, they were consequently excluded from 'Germany as a whole'.
2454:
had begun to suppress the German population west of the Bóbr river to underline their demand for a border on the Lusatian Neisse. The Allied resolution on the "orderly transfer" of German population became the legitimation of the expulsion of Germans from the nebulous parts of
2638:
by James F. Byrnes, New York & London, 1947, p.79-81. Byrnes, a Judge and former State Governor, served as a close adviser to President Truman and became US Secretary of State in July 1945. In that capacity, Byrnes attended the Potsdam Conference and the Paris
489:
1885:
Now that hostilities in Europe were at an end the Western Allies should have a greater input into the Control Commissions of Central and Eastern Europe, the Annex to this agreement included detailed changes to the workings of the
124:
proceedings of the Allied Control Council; in particular resisting all proposals to establish common policies and institutions across Germany as a whole (for example France separated Saarland from Germany to establish
1872:
Italian former colonies would be decided in connection with the preparation of a peace treaty for Italy. Like most of the other former European Axis powers the Italian peace treaty was signed at the 1947 Paris Peace
187:, under Polish administration. The German population who had not fled were expelled and their properties acquisitioned by the state. President Truman and the British delegations protested at these actions.
1686:
Reduction or destruction of all civilian heavy industry with war potential, such as shipbuilding, machine production and chemical factories. Restructuring of German economy towards agriculture and light
249:
was set as Poland's provisional (and therefore theoretically subject to change) western frontier in Article 8 of the Agreement but was not finalized as Poland's permanent western frontier until the 1990
1629:, also including France and China; tasked the preparation of a peace settlement for Germany, to be accepted by the Government of Germany once a government adequate for the purpose had been established.
2351:
1718:
The German merchant marine was to be divided equally between the three powers, and they would distribute some of those ships to the other Allies. But until the end of the war with the
1151:
1908:
The Three Governments, having considered the question in all its aspects, recognize that the transfer to Germany of German populations, or elements thereof, remaining in Poland,
1800:
recognised by all three powers, and that those Poles who were serving in British Army formations should be free to return to Poland. The provisional western border should be the
3651:
1958:
and that further stages of the withdrawal of troops from Iran should be considered at the meeting of the Council of Foreign Ministers to be held in London in September 1945.
2284:
3495:
1769:
great importance that the trial of these major criminals should begin at the earliest possible date. The first list of defendants will be published before 1st September.
768:
2380:
1608:
1515:
3021:
2750:
2563:
2364:
1805:
1313:
649:
113:
1051:
962:
1742:
The United States and Britain declared that they would support the transfer of Königsberg and the adjacent area to the Soviet Union at the peace conference.
3036:
2385:
1941:
expulsions until these estimates were integrated into plans for an equitable distribution of these "removed" Germans among the several zones of occupation.
1072:
847:
321:
303:
354:
3373:
2984:
800:
503:
171:
awarding Soviet-occupied Poland the river Oder as its western border, placing the entire Soviet Occupation Zone east of it (with the exception of the
2447:
2325:
1266:
1180:
1166:
422:
3904:
2591:
1129:
3480:
3026:
98:
3016:
3561:
3556:
2427:
761:
634:
3511:
3202:
3199:
2840:
2834:
2441:
1900:
1601:
1298:
1284:
231:
2779:
3879:
3605:
2917:
2906:
2849:
Official US text of the Potsdam protocols; annotated with editing variants and variant readings from the official Soviet and British texts.
581:
2801:
1912:
and Hungary, will have to be undertaken. They agree that any transfers that take place should be effected in an orderly and humane manner.
568:
3864:
2962:
2299:
2271:
1278:
3586:
3344:
2957:
2937:
1917:"German populations, or elements thereof, remaining in Poland" refers to Germans living within the 1937 boundaries of Poland up to the
3225:
3138:
3067:
2874:
2518:
2263:
1858:
The details were discussed later that year at the Moscow Conference of Foreign Ministers and the treaties were signed in 1947 at the
1359:
754:
1921:
going East. In theory, that German ethnic population could have been expelled to the Polish temporarily administered territories of
3581:
3576:
3367:
2989:
2567:
2346:
2188:
1797:
1594:
1575:
360:
101:
from various parts of Europe. France was not invited to the conference but formally remained one of the powers occupying Germany.
3889:
3233:
3124:
2994:
2895:
919:
3894:
3693:
3521:
3339:
3286:
3097:
2950:
2304:
1821:
1307:
992:
3884:
3859:
2945:
1466:
679:
78:
3548:
1722:
all the ships would remain under the authority of the Combined Shipping Adjustment Board and the United Maritime Authority.
1156:
740:
401:
215:
2776:"Foreign Relations of the United States, 1949, Council of Foreign Ministers; Germany and Austria, Volume III Document 461"
2028:, the Proclamation Defining Terms for Japanese Surrender (26 July 1945) wherein the Western Allies (UK, US, USSR) and the
128:
on 16 February 1946), and anything that they feared might lead to the emergence of an eventual unified German government.
3909:
3874:
3725:
3571:
3566:
3485:
3274:
3114:
3079:
2909:
1692:
861:
396:
90:
1715:
All but thirty submarines to be sunk and the rest of the German Navy was to be divided equally between the three powers.
3854:
3844:
3538:
3168:
2551:
2420:
1937:
1846:
1527:
1325:
955:
815:
2741:
1837:
he three Governments have also charged the Council of Foreign Ministers with the task of preparing peace treaties for
3914:
3839:
3526:
3129:
833:
333:
297:
227:
3869:
2596:
2244:
1570:
1396:
968:
277:
82:
1477:
fell into disuse, though it was sometimes invoked to denote Polish claims to some East German territories such as
3621:
3450:
3379:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2029:
1580:
784:
735:
730:
643:
2709:
by Professor Alfred Maurice de Zayas, Palgrave-Macmillan, New York, 1993/4, reprint 2006, ISBN 978-1-4039-7308-5
3899:
3354:
3219:
3207:
2898:
1791:
1545:
1059:
1007:
895:
869:
865:
840:
616:
1493:, raised typically only until early 1970s as counterclaims to retaliate for West German calls for revision of
3701:
3438:
3109:
2929:
2867:
2413:
1859:
1191:
1066:
1021:
1012:
137:
3001:
3598:
3298:
3011:
2132:
1645:
1626:
1319:
1206:
655:
550:
3849:
3641:
3385:
3212:
3143:
1122:
929:
368:
327:
251:
2846:
1621:
In the Potsdam Agreement (Berlin Conference) the Allies (UK, USSR, US) agreed on the following matters:
1444:
230:
to participate as members of the Council of Foreign Ministers established to oversee the agreement. The
3475:
3268:
2330:
2169:
1452:
1171:
574:
529:
3763:
3656:
3516:
3361:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3281:
2094:
1879:
465:
153:
3919:
3817:
3673:
3412:
3396:
3238:
2860:
2495:
1633:
1227:
1175:
1078:
972:
934:
823:
434:
69:
after the war ended in Europe on 1 August 1945 and it was published the next day. A product of the
20:
3631:
3422:
3349:
3257:
3134:
2775:
2476:
2165:
1930:
1776:
1539:
1521:
1293:
1003:
854:
628:
610:
604:
309:
263:
259:
74:
3293:
3187:
2809:
2499:
2051:
1699:
1649:
913:
190:
The Three Power Conference took place from 17 July to 2 August 1945, in which they adopted the
54:
3784:
3769:
3646:
3174:
3150:
3119:
2359:
2128:
1970:
The city of Tangier and the area around it should remain international and discussed further.
1887:
1470:
1090:
979:
556:
145:
906:
3791:
3592:
3401:
3390:
3091:
2559:
2196:
2115:
1801:
1551:
1494:
1440:
986:
890:
315:
997:
8:
3681:
3445:
3428:
3417:
3407:
3333:
3263:
3085:
3060:
2228:
2119:
2025:
1983:
1838:
1272:
1027:
885:
829:
674:
520:
293:
255:
27:
2666:
The Expulsion of the German Population from the Territories East of the Oder-Neisse-Line
1432:
1383:
3733:
3717:
3709:
3433:
3156:
3049:
2571:
2555:
2526:
2483:
2195:. Urged by Stalin, the UK and the US gave in to put the German territories east of the
2173:
1850:
1765:
1736:
1436:
1239:
1186:
1161:
1108:
924:
689:
622:
595:
446:
406:
234:
accepted the invitation on August 7, with the key reservation that it would not accept
160:
70:
2176:. The Western Allies promised to support the annexation of the territory north of the
1782:
The government of Austria was to be decided after British and American forces entered
390:
3455:
3327:
3305:
3103:
2521:(34% of the population of the territory of what is now the Czech Republic), known as
2468:
2111:
1926:
1478:
1221:
1031:
939:
877:
480:
428:
219:
141:
125:
109:
2498:. It further affected the German minority living within the territory of the former
3804:
3799:
3636:
3490:
2601:
2451:
2204:
2124:
2085:
2068:
1922:
1828:
1755:
1669:
1448:
1233:
1098:
1084:
1047:
694:
440:
348:
246:
149:
86:
1378:
238:
any commitment to the eventual reconstitution of a central government in Germany.
3757:
3044:
2883:
2575:
2522:
2511:
2240:
2212:
2192:
2140:
2103:
2099:
2033:
1719:
1665:
1641:
The principles to govern the treatment of Germany in the initial control period.
1407:
1350:
1304:
Polish-East German Maritime Boundary in Pomeranian Bay Delimitation Treaty (1989)
1211:
844:
819:
684:
640:
Polish–East German Maritime Boundary in Pomeranian Bay Delimitation Treaty (1989)
241:
207:
46:
2507:
2216:
1986:
should be revised and that this should be discussed with the Turkish government.
1703:
Commission, which had been established in Moscow following the Yalta conference.
3686:
3073:
3006:
2579:
2570:. In the Soviet territories, Germans were expelled from northern East Prussia (
2503:
2456:
2208:
2058:
1909:
1814:
1751:
1116:
873:
413:
211:
58:
1864:
By that time the governments of Romania, Bulgaria, and Hungary were Communist.
1419:
regions unsuccessfully claimed from Germany by interwar Poland, in particular
3833:
3162:
2721:
by Gunter Nitsch, Author House, Bloomington, IN., USA, ISBN 978-3-4389-3312-2
2697:
by Professor R. J. Douglas, Yale University Press, 2012, ISBN 9-780300-198201
2491:
2487:
2401:
2076:
2054:
was constituted in Berlin to execute the Allied resolutions (the "Four Ds"):
1482:
1420:
1055:
1039:
949:
203:
62:
2227:
line was rejected by the Soviet delegation. The cession included the former
1728:
2808:. Federal Government Commissioner for Culture and the Media. Archived from
2172:
in winter 1945, had already been incorporated into Soviet territory as the
2157:
2144:
2136:
1997:
Directives to the military commanders on allied control council for Germany
1732:
1709:
1372:
1354:
1144:
1043:
943:
526:
Minor territorial exchanges between East Germany and Poland (1949 and 1951)
514:
510:
382:
180:
105:
94:
66:
16:
1945 agreement between the major 3 Allies regarding the end of World War II
1388:
3751:
3533:
2550:
Though the Potsdam Agreement referred only to Poland, Czechoslovakia and
2535:
region where they formed a majority, from linguistic enclaves in central
2531:
2107:
2021:
1918:
1533:
1400:
562:
195:
3626:
3193:
2200:
2090:
1458:
1102:
710:
701:
537:
172:
1290:
Polish-East German Baltic Continental Shelf Delimitation Treaty (1968)
601:
Polish–East German Baltic Continental Shelf Delimitation Treaty (1968)
3249:
2739:
2472:
2072:
1976:
1413:
1815-1918 used as synonymous with entire Prussian partition of Poland
860:
Short-lived Byelorussian, Ukrainian and Rusyn republics (1917-1920):
339:
176:
120:
2181:
1486:
882:
Local revolts and transient polities in postwar power vacuum (1918)
33:
2232:
2177:
2161:
2080:
497:
222:
as the UK's representative. The three powers also agreed to invite
112:, although it created accomplished facts. It was superseded by the
2852:
2773:
2540:
2536:
2464:
2045:
2000:
Use of Allied property for satellite reparations or war trophies
1964:
1842:
1490:
1428:
900:
199:
2220:
1112:
2544:
2062:
1955:
1783:
1673:
1424:
223:
184:
164:
2625:. Center of Military History, United States Army. p. 345.
2211:
border "under Polish administration"; allegedly confusing the
2743:
A Decade of American Foreign Policy: Basic Documents, 1941–49
2446:
In the course of the proceedings, and after the German state
2224:
1366:
1331:
Polish-Danish Maritime Boundary Delimitation Agreement (2018)
493:
73:, it concerned the military occupation and reconstruction of
19:"Treaty of Potsdam" redirects here. For the 1805 treaty, see
2459:, if they had not already fled from the advancing Red Army.
2050:
Already during the Potsdam Conference, on 30 July 1945, the
1698:
This section covered reparation claims of the USSR from the
3496:
1944 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection
3180:
2669:
2236:
1949:
1750:
This was a short paragraph and covered the creation of the
544:
152:, the Allies assumed supreme authority over Germany by the
2685:, Germany 1988, USA 1991, London 1992, ISBN 0-571-14320-2
2187:
The Allies had acknowledged the legitimacy of the Polish
1668:. Treatment of Germany as a single unit. Disarmament and
254:, having been recognized by East Germany in 1950 (in the
2668:, FDR Ministry for Expellees, Refugees and War Victims,
1157:
Territories of Poland and Danzig annexed by Nazi Germany
1632:
See the London Conference of Foreign Ministers and the
577:
treaty and return of the majority of annexations (1958)
1806:
Treaty on the Final Settlement With Respect to Germany
114:
Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany
2778:. Office of the Historian, Bureau of Public Affairs.
2847:
Protocol of the Proceedings of the Berlin Conference
1662:
the Allied Control Council for 'Germany as a whole'.
916:(1918) and ensuing wars to preserve it (1918-1922):
258:) and acquiesced to by West Germany in 1970 (in the
3374:
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
2749:. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
2623:
The US Army and the Occupation of Germany 1944–1946
2450:around 5-6 million Polish citizens during the war,
1813:Conclusion on peace treaties and admission to the
1786:, and that Austria should not pay any reparations.
104:Executed as a communiqué, the agreement was not a
2774:United States Department of State (24 May 1949).
3831:
2592:Territorial changes of Poland after World War II
2184:line when a Final German Peace Treaty was held.
1954:Allied troops were to withdraw immediately from
1347:Remnants of Polish statehood during partitions:
1073:German–Polish Convention regarding Upper Silesia
322:German–Polish Convention regarding Upper Silesia
3557:United States Senate election in Missouri, 1934
3522:Harry S. Truman home and National Historic Site
2740:Senate Committee on Foreign Relations (1950).
2614:
2494:that had remained with Germany after the 1921
635:United Nations Security Council Resolution 335
140:(1939–1945), and the decisions of the earlier
2868:
2421:
1602:
1181:German–Soviet Border and Commercial Agreement
1042:(1921): eastern border of Poland accepted by
762:
423:German–Soviet Border and Commercial Agreement
232:Provisional Government of the French Republic
3606:1952 Democratic Party presidential primaries
2156:The northern half of the German province of
2131:, along with disassemblement as part of the
1882:procedure in Romania, Bulgaria, and Hungary
1130:German–Soviet Boundary and Friendship Treaty
708:
699:
587:
435:Moscow Conference and Declaration on Austria
411:
3481:Presidential Library, Museum, and gravesite
2963:1952 Puerto Rican constitutional referendum
2089:including the re-establishment of both the
1375:(remainder of Russian partition of Poland)
192:Protocol of the Proceedings, August 1, 1945
3345:Federal Regulation of Lobbying Act of 1946
2875:
2861:
2428:
2414:
2036:asked Japan to surrender or be destroyed.
1609:
1595:
769:
755:
3068:Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
2442:Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–50)
1901:Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–50)
1197:Transient Polish-controlled areas (1944)
202:. The signatories were General Secretary
3577:1944 United States presidential election
2843:Time Magazine, Monday, September 8, 1947
2574:) but also from the adjacent Lithuanian
2189:Provisional Government of National Unity
1798:Provisional Government of National Unity
1576:Territorial changes of the Baltic states
1516:Greater Poland military demarcation line
971:later dissolved and replaced with token
477:Luxembourg's annexations (1946 and 1949)
32:
3234:Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952
2995:Sherman Minton Supreme Court nomination
2300:1944–50 flight and expulsion of Germans
1895:Orderly transfer of German Populations
163:the Western Allies were presented with
85:territory. It also addressed Germany's
53:) was the agreement among three of the
37:The "Big Three": Attlee, Truman, Stalin
3832:
3694:Collision Course: Truman vs. MacArthur
3340:Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946
3098:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
2620:
2272:Flight and expulsion of Germans during
2151:
1822:Moscow Conference of Foreign Ministers
1279:Polish-Soviet Border Adjustment Treaty
993:Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919)
3368:President's Committee on Civil Rights
3200:U.N. Security Council Resolutions 82,
2856:
2782:from the original on 3 September 2019
1467:former eastern territories of Germany
1299:Polish-Czechoslovak Border Adjustment
680:Former eastern territories of Germany
2079:; however, the circumstances of the
2024:, the Potsdam Conference issued the
1994:European inland transport conference
741:Territorial evolution of Switzerland
569:"Little Reunification" with Saarland
402:Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany
3905:Soviet Union–United States treaties
3880:Treaties entered into force in 1945
3567:Democratic National Convention 1944
3386:Presidential Succession Act of 1947
3275:National Institute of Mental Health
2910:Vice President of the United States
2882:
2191:, which was about to form a Soviet
2061:of the German society to eradicate
864:(later absorbed into Poland-allied
397:Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
13:
2651:by Charles L. Mee, New York, 1975.
2566:and their property seized, and in
2305:German–Soviet population transfers
2147:had to cope with the impact alone.
1938:Allied Occupation Zones in Germany
1546:Polish–Lithuanian demarcation line
1528:Polish–Lithuanian demarcation line
1416:1918-1945 used in altered meaning
1111:and Polish annexation of parts of
914:Restoration of Polish independence
832:by the Central Powers proclaiming
14:
3931:
3130:National Security Resources Board
2828:
2354:(incl. former German territories)
2020:Moreover, towards concluding the
1326:Poland–Slovakia Border Adjustment
1285:Polish-Czechoslovak Border Treaty
334:Remilitarization of the Rhineland
3813:
3812:
3169:Joint Long Range Proving Grounds
2970:State of the Union Address (1946
2262:
2245:Upper Silesian Industrial Region
2219:rivers. The proposal of an Oder-
1571:Territorial evolution of Germany
1522:Cieszyn Silesia demarcation line
1081:of the Soviet Union (1925-1937)
946:(1920-1921) and its satellites:
940:War of Polish-Ukrainian alliance
278:Territorial evolution of Germany
216:British general election of 1945
99:mass expulsion of ethnic Germans
3451:Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1952
3380:Housing and Home Finance Agency
2794:
2767:
2756:from the original on 2019-06-07
2733:
2621:Ziemke, Earl Frederick (1990).
2003:These were detailed in Annex II
1824:which took place later in 1945.
1636:which took place later in 1945.
1581:Territorial evolution of Russia
1152:Wartime administrative division
1052:SSR of Lithuania and Belorussia
963:SSR of Lithuania and Belorussia
785:Territorial evolution of Poland
736:Territorial evolution of Poland
731:Territorial evolution of France
3890:Treaties of the United Kingdom
3865:Germany–Soviet Union relations
3220:Office of Defense Mobilization
3208:Defense Production Act of 1950
3080:Alien Fiancées and Fiancés Act
2899:President of the United States
2724:
2712:
2700:
2688:
2675:
2660:Schnieder, Professor Theodor,
2654:
2642:
2629:
2554:, expulsions also occurred in
2543:, as well as from the city of
2381:Refugees in Schleswig-Holstein
1991:International inland waterways
1540:Upper Silesia demarcation line
1267:Polish–Soviet border agreement
617:Four Power Agreement on Berlin
1:
3895:Treaties of the United States
3702:Backstairs at the White House
3486:Missouri Office and Courtroom
3439:Unrelated Business Income Tax
3355:Legislative Reference Service
3287:U.S. Atomic Energy Commission
3110:National Security Act of 1947
2681:Krokow, Count Christian von,
2607:
2339:Post-war flight and expulsion
2318:Wartime flight and evacuation
2254:
2135:. Dismantling was stopped in
2102:, including the formation of
1022:Republic of Central Lithuania
1013:1920 East Prussian plebiscite
853:Central Powers-Soviet Russia
801:Revolution in Congress Poland
361:Treaty of the Cession of the
138:end of World War II in Europe
116:signed on 12 September 1990.
3885:Treaties of the Soviet Union
3860:Allied occupation of Germany
3299:Council of Economic Advisers
2597:History of Germany (1945–90)
2133:industrial plans for Germany
2039:
1888:Hungarian Control Commission
1731:and the adjacent area (then
1646:European Advisory Commission
1627:Council of Foreign Ministers
1320:Treaty of Good Neighbourship
1167:Polish areas annexed by USSR
958:later merged into the former
822:and annexation into Russian
656:Treaty of Good Neighbourship
551:London and Paris Conferences
7:
3642:Harry S. Truman Scholarship
3213:Relief of Douglas MacArthur
3144:Central Intelligence Agency
2585:
2578:and other lands settled by
1929:, East Prussia and eastern
1308:German-Polish Border Treaty
1060:Ukrainian People's Republic
1008:Ukrainian People's Republic
841:Ukrainian People's Republic
644:German–Polish Border Treaty
269:
252:German-Polish Border Treaty
131:
10:
3936:
3910:1945 in the United Kingdom
3875:Treaties concluded in 1945
3269:National Mental Health Act
3226:Science Advisory Committee
3115:U.S. Department of Defense
3022:Presidential Proclamations
2918:U.S. Senator from Missouri
2439:
2043:
1963:The international zone of
1898:
1453:Lands of Schlawe and Stolp
1172:Polish government-in-exile
363:Memel Territory to Germany
214:, who, as a result of the
25:
18:
3855:1945 in the United States
3845:Aftermath of World War II
3779:
3764:Martha Ellen Young Truman
3744:
3665:
3657:Statue of Harry S. Truman
3614:
3547:
3539:Truman Little White House
3517:Harry S. Truman Farm Home
3504:
3468:
3362:National School Lunch Act
3282:Atomic Energy Act of 1946
3248:
3125:National Security Council
3035:
2928:
2890:
2529:, were expelled from the
2519:Germans in Czechoslovakia
2506:, eastern Upper Silesia,
2139:in 1951 according to the
1880:Allied Control Commission
1192:Sikorski–Mayski agreement
1101:and Polish annexation of
1079:Polish National Districts
973:Polish National Districts
935:Polish-West Ukrainian War
896:First Republic of Pińczów
355:Seizure of Czechoslovakia
312:with Soviet Russia (1918)
3915:1945 in the Soviet Union
3840:Politics of World War II
3637:Truman Dam and Reservoir
3413:Agricultural Act of 1949
3397:Agricultural Act of 1948
3239:National Security Agency
2837:Monday, January 21, 1946
2496:Upper Silesia plebiscite
1946:Oil equipment in Romania
1869:Territorial Trusteeship
1693:Reparations from Germany
1656:A. Political principles.
1445:Lauenburg and Bütow Land
1410:("Western Borderlands")
1369:("Eastern Borderlands")
1176:Polish Underground State
1018:Polish satellite states
824:Kiev General Governorate
328:Return of the Saar Basin
26:Not to be confused with
21:Treaty of Potsdam (1805)
3870:History of East Germany
3785:← Franklin D. Roosevelt
3721:(1997 documentary film)
3632:Harry S Truman Building
3350:Federal Tort Claims Act
2479:, the districts of the
2477:Province of Brandenburg
2166:East Prussian Offensive
1681:B. Economic principles.
1294:Treaty of Warsaw (1970)
1207:Second Pińczów Republic
1123:Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
930:Polish–Czechoslovak War
920:Greater Poland uprising
862:West Ukrainian People's
855:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
848:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
369:Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
310:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
304:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
264:Treaty of Warsaw (1970)
260:Treaty of Moscow (1970)
83:European Theatre of War
3792:Dwight D. Eisenhower →
3294:Employment Act of 1946
3188:Revolt of the Admirals
2500:Second Polish Republic
2386:Emigration from Poland
2095:National People's Army
2083:soon led to Germany's
2075:forces and the German
2052:Allied Control Council
2022:Pacific Theatre of War
1914:
1860:Paris Peace Conference
1855:
1771:
1700:Soviet occupation zone
1650:Allied Control Council
1034:protection (1921-1939)
709:
700:
588:
584:from Luxembourg (1959)
575:Belgium–Germany border
530:Bonn–Paris conventions
412:
55:Allies of World War II
50:
38:
3900:World War II treaties
3770:Clifton Truman Daniel
3674:Give 'em Hell, Harry!
3647:Truman Sports Complex
3476:Early life and career
3175:North Atlantic Treaty
3151:Displaced Persons Act
3120:Joint Chiefs of Staff
3027:Eisenhower transition
3012:"The buck stops here"
2985:Judicial appointments
2958:Assassination attempt
2672:, West Germany, 1954.
2475:region of the former
2285:demographic estimates
1906:
1835:
1761:
1712:and merchant marine.
1672:. Elimination of all
1471:Recovered Territories
1397:Galicia and Lodomeria
980:Polish-Lithuanian War
870:Belarusian Democratic
557:Austrian State Treaty
486:Paris Protocol (1949)
210:, and Prime Minister
93:, the prosecution of
36:
3677:(1975 play and film)
3593:Dewey Defeats Truman
3402:Executive Order 9981
3092:Executive Order 9835
3061:Declaration to Japan
2835:Cornerstone of Steel
2560:Transylvanian Saxons
2235:on the mouth of the
1441:Starostwo of Draheim
1314:Two Plus Four Treaty
1046:and its satellites (
987:Treaty of Versailles
891:Republic of Zakopane
650:Two Plus Four Treaty
316:Treaty of Versailles
175:enclave), including
3752:Bess Wallace Truman
3652:U.S. Postage stamps
3446:Revenue Act of 1951
3429:Revenue Act of 1950
3423:Dingell–Johnson Act
3418:Housing Act of 1949
3408:Revenue Act of 1948
3264:Revenue Act of 1945
3056:Agreement on Europe
2730:Byrnes, 1947, p.81.
2490:and those parts of
2231:and the seaport of
2229:Free City of Danzig
2152:Territorial changes
2026:Potsdam Declaration
1984:Montreux Convention
1754:and the subsequent
1625:Establishment of a
1273:Treaty of Zgorzelec
1218:Allied conferences
1028:Free City of Danzig
886:Tarnobrzeg Republic
866:Ukrainian People 's
830:Act of 5th November
788:in the 20th century
521:Treaty of Zgorzelec
504:Belgian annexations
306:with Ukraine (1918)
294:Act of 5th November
281:in the 20th century
256:Treaty of Zgorzelec
28:Potsdam Declaration
3850:History of Potsdam
3805:Alben W. Barkley →
3800:← Henry A. Wallace
3434:Excess profits tax
3306:Flood Control Acts
3157:Key West Agreement
3050:Potsdam Conference
2707:A Terrible Revenge
2695:Orderly and Humane
2649:Meeting at Potsdam
2572:Oblast Kaliningrad
2527:Carpathian Germans
2484:Posen-West Prussia
2174:Kaliningrad Oblast
2160:, occupied by the
1827:It was noted that
1796:There should be a
1766:Moscow Declaration
1737:Kaliningrad Oblast
1565:Adjacent countries
1437:Posen-West Prussia
1240:Potsdam Conference
1187:Bialystok District
1162:General Government
1109:First Vienna Award
925:Silesian Uprisings
907:Republic of Ostrów
806:Ostrowiec Republic
725:Adjacent countries
690:Hallstein Doctrine
596:Return of Selfkant
547:from France (1953)
540:from the UK (1952)
466:Berlin Declaration
447:Potsdam Conference
407:General Government
161:Potsdam Conference
156:of June 5, 1945.
154:Berlin Declaration
71:Potsdam Conference
51:Potsdamer Abkommen
39:
3827:
3826:
3705:(1979 miniseries)
3527:Historic District
3464:
3463:
3456:1952 steel strike
3328:Fulbright Program
3104:Hoover Commission
2806:Alliierten Museum
2683:Hour of the Women
2469:Farther Pomerania
2452:Polish communists
2438:
2437:
2326:German evacuation
2310:Potsdam Agreement
2243:), vital for the
2129:German federalism
2112:freedom of speech
2104:political parties
2030:Nationalist China
1927:Farther Pomerania
1634:Moscow Conference
1619:
1618:
1510:Demarcation lines
1479:Wolgast Pomerania
1473:, while the term
1439:, sometimes also
1360:Galician autonomy
1261:Potsdam Agreement
1255:Post World War II
1228:Moscow Conference
1222:Tehran Conference
1200:Turgiele Republic
1067:Central Lithuania
1065:Incorporation of
1032:League of Nations
998:Suwałki Agreement
834:Kingdom of Poland
816:Kholm Governorate
809:Zagłębie Republic
779:
778:
589:Ausgleichsvertrag
509:Esrablishment of
481:Saar Protectorate
472:Potsdam Agreement
460:Post-World War II
429:Tehran Conference
298:Kingdom of Poland
220:Winston Churchill
150:Yalta Conferences
110:international law
81:, and the entire
43:Potsdam Agreement
3927:
3816:
3815:
3729:(2022 TV series)
3491:Truman Committee
3391:Taft–Hartley Act
3258:Medal of Freedom
3033:
3032:
3017:Executive Orders
2921:
2913:
2902:
2877:
2870:
2863:
2854:
2853:
2822:
2821:
2819:
2817:
2802:"Denazification"
2798:
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2673:
2658:
2652:
2646:
2640:
2636:Speaking Frankly
2633:
2627:
2626:
2618:
2602:Oder-Neisse Line
2430:
2423:
2416:
2373:Later emigration
2355:
2277:
2266:
2259:
2258:
2197:Oder–Neisse line
2168:followed by its
2125:Decentralization
2086:Wiederbewaffnung
2069:Demilitarization
1802:Oder–Neisse line
1756:Nuremberg Trials
1708:Disposal of the
1670:Demilitarization
1611:
1604:
1597:
1552:Oder–Neisse line
1495:Oder–Neisse line
1465:After 1945, the
1449:Hither Pomerania
1447:and easternmost
1384:Grodzieńszczyzna
1234:Yalta Conference
1203:Iwonicz Republic
1099:Munich Agreement
1091:Dzierżyńszczyzna
1085:Marchlewszczyzna
1048:Byelorussian SSR
1004:Treaty of Warsaw
795:Pre-World War II
781:
780:
771:
764:
757:
714:
705:
695:Drang nach Osten
669:Areas and issues
629:Treaty of Prague
611:Treaty of Warsaw
605:Treaty of Moscow
591:
490:Dutch annexation
441:Yalta Conference
417:
349:Munich Agreement
288:Pre-World War II
274:
273:
247:Oder-Neisse Line
126:its protectorate
87:demilitarisation
3935:
3934:
3930:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3925:
3924:
3920:1945 in Germany
3830:
3829:
3828:
3823:
3775:
3758:Margaret Truman
3740:
3661:
3610:
3543:
3500:
3460:
3334:Hill–Burton Act
3244:
3086:Luce–Celler Act
3045:Truman Doctrine
3031:
2924:
2916:
2905:
2894:
2886:
2884:Harry S. Truman
2881:
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2826:
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2815:
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2800:
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2615:
2610:
2588:
2576:Klaipeda Region
2523:Sudeten Germans
2512:Polish Corridor
2444:
2434:
2353:
2275:
2273:
2257:
2241:Szczecin Lagoon
2213:Lusatian Neisse
2193:satellite state
2154:
2141:Truman Doctrine
2100:Democratization
2048:
2042:
2034:Chiang Kai-shek
1903:
1720:Empire of Japan
1666:Democratization
1615:
1586:
1585:
1566:
1558:
1557:
1511:
1503:
1502:
1475:Kresy Zachodnie
1408:Kresy Zachodnie
1367:Kresy Wschodnie
1351:Congress Poland
1343:
1335:
1334:
1256:
1248:
1247:
1212:Warsaw Uprising
1147:
1137:
1136:
1058:which replaced
1050:which replaced
845:Ukrainian State
839:Central Powers-
820:Congress Poland
796:
787:
775:
746:
745:
726:
718:
717:
685:German question
675:Alsace–Lorraine
670:
662:
661:
461:
453:
452:
391:Großdeutschland
385:
375:
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362:
289:
280:
272:
242:James F. Byrnes
218:, had replaced
208:Harry S. Truman
134:
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3738:
3730:
3726:The First Lady
3722:
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3706:
3698:
3690:
3685:(1975 song by
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3077:
3074:War Brides Act
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3058:
3047:
3041:
3039:
3037:Foreign policy
3030:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3007:Truman Balcony
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2999:
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2829:External links
2827:
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2812:on 6 June 2019
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2504:Greater Poland
2463:East Prussia (
2457:Central Europe
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2203:coast west of
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2059:Denazification
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386:
381:
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373:
372:
366:
358:
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346:
337:
331:
325:
319:
313:
307:
301:
290:
287:
286:
283:
282:
271:
268:
212:Clement Attlee
133:
130:
59:United Kingdom
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3932:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
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3878:
3876:
3873:
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3868:
3866:
3863:
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3858:
3856:
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3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3837:
3835:
3820:
3819:
3810:
3809:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
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3794:
3793:
3789:
3787:
3786:
3782:
3781:
3778:
3771:
3768:
3765:
3762:
3759:
3756:
3753:
3750:
3749:
3747:
3743:
3736:
3735:
3731:
3728:
3727:
3723:
3720:
3719:
3715:
3712:
3711:
3707:
3704:
3703:
3699:
3696:
3695:
3691:
3688:
3684:
3683:
3679:
3676:
3675:
3671:
3670:
3668:
3664:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3619:
3617:
3613:
3607:
3604:
3600:
3599:campaign song
3597:
3594:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3554:
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3550:
3546:
3540:
3537:
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3532:
3528:
3525:
3524:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3507:
3503:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3467:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3431:
3430:
3427:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3381:
3378:
3375:
3372:
3369:
3366:
3363:
3360:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3341:
3338:
3335:
3332:
3329:
3326:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3308:
3307:
3304:
3300:
3297:
3296:
3295:
3292:
3288:
3285:
3284:
3283:
3280:
3276:
3272:
3271:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3259:
3256:
3255:
3253:
3251:
3247:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3227:
3223:
3222:
3221:
3218:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3197:
3196:
3195:
3192:
3189:
3186:
3182:
3178:
3177:
3176:
3173:
3170:
3167:
3164:
3163:Marshall Plan
3161:
3158:
3155:
3152:
3149:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3112:
3111:
3108:
3105:
3102:
3099:
3096:
3093:
3090:
3087:
3084:
3081:
3078:
3075:
3072:
3069:
3066:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3053:
3052:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3038:
3034:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2990:Supreme Court
2988:
2987:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2964:
2961:
2960:
2959:
2956:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2943:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2931:
2927:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2908:
2904:
2900:
2897:
2893:
2892:
2889:
2885:
2878:
2873:
2871:
2866:
2864:
2859:
2858:
2855:
2848:
2845:
2842:
2841:The Road Back
2839:
2836:
2833:
2832:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2797:
2781:
2777:
2770:
2752:
2745:
2744:
2736:
2727:
2720:
2719:Weeds Like Us
2715:
2708:
2703:
2696:
2691:
2684:
2678:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2657:
2650:
2645:
2637:
2632:
2624:
2617:
2613:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2583:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2548:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2533:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2515:
2514:with Danzig.
2513:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2492:Upper Silesia
2489:
2488:Lower Silesia
2485:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2460:
2458:
2453:
2449:
2443:
2431:
2426:
2424:
2419:
2417:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2408:
2403:
2402:Wolf children
2400:
2399:
2398:
2397:
2393:
2392:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2377:
2376:
2372:
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2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2344:
2343:
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2338:
2337:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2322:
2321:
2317:
2316:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2297:
2296:
2295:
2291:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2281:
2278:
2270:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2260:
2252:
2248:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2185:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2159:
2146:
2143:, whereafter
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2127:resulting in
2126:
2123:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2087:
2082:
2078:
2077:arms industry
2074:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2060:
2057:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2047:
2037:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2007:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1985:
1981:
1980:
1978:
1974:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1962:
1957:
1953:
1952:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1939:
1935:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1905:
1902:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1883:
1881:
1877:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1823:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1812:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1794:
1793:
1790:
1785:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1770:
1767:
1760:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1741:
1740:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1721:
1717:
1714:
1713:
1711:
1707:
1701:
1697:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1685:
1684:
1680:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1664:
1660:
1659:
1655:
1654:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1635:
1631:
1630:
1628:
1624:
1623:
1622:
1612:
1607:
1605:
1600:
1598:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1589:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1507:
1506:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1421:Upper Silesia
1418:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1379:Wileńszczyzna
1377:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1345:
1339:
1338:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1252:
1251:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1146:
1141:
1140:
1131:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1100:
1097:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1064:
1061:
1057:
1056:Ukrainian SSR
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1040:Peace of Riga
1038:
1033:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:(1920) with
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
994:
991:
988:
985:
981:
978:
974:
970:
966:
964:
960:
957:
953:
951:
950:Ukrainian SSR
948:
947:
945:
944:Soviet Russia
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
917:
915:
912:
908:
905:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
883:
881:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
856:
852:
849:
846:
842:
838:
835:
831:
828:
825:
821:
817:
813:
808:
805:
804:
802:
799:
798:
792:
791:
786:
783:
782:
772:
767:
765:
760:
758:
753:
752:
750:
749:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
728:
722:
721:
713:
712:
707:
704:
703:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
672:
666:
665:
657:
654:
651:
648:
645:
642:
639:
636:
633:
630:
627:
624:
621:
618:
615:
612:
609:
606:
603:
600:
597:
594:
590:
586:
583:
579:
576:
573:
570:
567:
564:
561:
558:
555:
552:
549:
546:
542:
539:
535:
531:
528:
525:
522:
519:
516:
512:
508:
505:
502:
499:
495:
491:
488:
485:
482:
479:
476:
473:
470:
467:
464:
463:
457:
456:
448:
445:
442:
439:
436:
433:
430:
427:
424:
421:
416:
415:
410:
408:
405:
403:
400:
398:
395:
394:
393:
392:
388:
387:
384:
379:
378:
370:
367:
364:
359:
356:
353:
350:
347:
344:
342:
338:
335:
332:
329:
326:
323:
320:
317:
314:
311:
308:
305:
302:
299:
295:
292:
291:
285:
284:
279:
276:
275:
267:
265:
261:
257:
253:
248:
243:
239:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
204:Joseph Stalin
201:
197:
193:
188:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
169:fait accompli
166:
162:
157:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
129:
127:
122:
117:
115:
111:
108:according to
107:
102:
100:
96:
95:war criminals
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
63:United States
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
35:
29:
22:
3811:
3790:
3783:
3732:
3724:
3716:
3708:
3700:
3692:
3682:Harry Truman
3680:
3672:
3666:Public image
3622:Bibliography
3055:
2814:. Retrieved
2810:the original
2805:
2796:
2784:. Retrieved
2769:
2758:. Retrieved
2742:
2735:
2726:
2718:
2714:
2706:
2702:
2694:
2690:
2682:
2677:
2665:
2661:
2656:
2648:
2644:
2635:
2631:
2622:
2616:
2558:, where the
2549:
2530:
2516:
2508:Chełmno Land
2480:
2461:
2445:
2394:Other themes
2331:East Prussia
2309:
2276:World War II
2249:
2209:Czechoslovak
2186:
2158:East Prussia
2155:
2145:East Germany
2137:West Germany
2108:trade unions
2084:
2049:
2019:
1936:Because the
1907:
1836:
1762:
1733:East Prussia
1620:
1474:
1469:were called
1355:Vistula Land
1260:
1145:World War II
1044:Russian SFSR
961:short-lived
956:Galician SSR
954:short-lived
803:(1905–1907)
623:Basic Treaty
533:
515:West Germany
471:
389:
383:World War II
343:with Austria
340:
296:proclaiming
240:
235:
206:, President
194:, signed at
191:
189:
181:East Prussia
168:
158:
135:
118:
106:peace treaty
103:
67:Soviet Union
42:
40:
3737:(2023 film)
3734:Oppenheimer
3713:(1995 film)
3697:(1976 film)
3534:Blair House
3198:1950–1953;
2920:(1935–1945)
2901:(1945–1953)
2639:Conference.
2532:Sudetenland
2360:Netherlands
2205:Świnoujście
2164:during its
2032:of General
1931:Brandenburg
1919:Curzon line
1873:Conference.
1710:German Navy
1554:(1945–1951)
1548:(1923-1938)
1542:(1921-1922)
1534:Curzon Line
1530:(1919-1920)
1524:(1918-1920)
1518:(1919-1920)
1373:Taken Lands
1093:(1932-1937)
1087:(1925-1931)
1024:(1920-1922)
563:Saar Treaty
196:Cecilienhof
173:Kaliningrad
91:reparations
3834:Categories
3772:(grandson)
3760:(daughter)
3627:Truman Day
3512:Birthplace
3194:Korean War
3139:Department
2930:Presidency
2760:2022-06-10
2608:References
2568:Yugoslavia
2292:Background
2274:and after
2255:Expulsions
2207:up to the
2178:Braunsberg
2170:evacuation
2091:Bundeswehr
1729:Königsberg
1676:influence.
1103:Trans-Olza
969:Polish SSR
967:attempted
711:Ostpolitik
702:Lebensraum
582:Kammerwald
580:Return of
543:Return of
538:Heligoland
536:return of
198:Palace in
179:, most of
146:Casablanca
136:After the
65:, and the
3549:Elections
3250:Fair Deal
3135:Air Force
2525:but also
2481:Grenzmark
2473:New March
2199:from the
2114:, of the
2073:Wehrmacht
2065:influence
2040:Aftermath
1977:Black Sea
1687:industry.
1395:Areas of
1389:Lwów Land
341:Anschluss
177:Pomerania
121:De Gaulle
3818:Category
3766:(mother)
3587:campaign
2938:Timeline
2780:Archived
2751:Archived
2586:See also
2564:deported
2510:and the
2215:and the
2162:Red Army
2120:religion
2093:and the
2081:Cold War
2016:Annex II
1979:straits
1878:Revised
1839:Bulgaria
1808:in 1990.
1727:City of
942:against
878:Komancza
534:de facto
498:Selfkant
270:Protocol
262:and the
236:a priori
132:Overview
97:and the
3687:Chicago
3002:Cabinet
2816:28 June
2786:28 June
2556:Romania
2552:Hungary
2541:Moravia
2537:Bohemia
2465:Masuria
2365:Romania
2352:Poland
2239:River (
2233:Stettin
2046:Four Ds
2013:Annex I
1965:Tangier
1923:Silesia
1851:Romania
1847:Hungary
1843:Finland
1832:Further
1777:Austria
1491:Lausitz
1459:Zaolzie
1433:Powiśle
1429:Masuria
1128:Secret
1125:(1939)
901:Witkowo
200:Potsdam
159:At the
75:Germany
3754:(wife)
3745:Family
3718:Truman
3710:Truman
3615:Legacy
3425:(1950)
3404:(1948)
3393:(1947)
3382:(1947)
3376:(1947)
3370:(1946)
3364:(1946)
3336:(1946)
3330:(1946)
3273:1946;
3260:(1945)
3241:(1952)
3228:, 1951
3224:1950;
3190:(1949)
3179:1949;
3171:(1949)
3165:(1948)
3159:(1948)
3153:(1948)
3106:(1947)
3100:(1947)
3094:(1947)
3088:(1946)
3082:(1946)
3076:(1945)
3070:(1945)
3054:1945;
2951:second
2912:(1945)
2545:Prague
2471:, the
2448:killed
2201:Baltic
2182:Goldap
1956:Tehran
1792:Poland
1784:Vienna
1735:, now
1536:(1920)
1487:Miśnia
1483:Milsko
1425:Warmia
1328:(2005)
1322:(1991)
1316:(1991)
1310:(1990)
1301:(1976)
1287:(1958)
1281:(1951)
1275:(1950)
1269:(1945)
1263:(1945)
1242:(1945)
1236:(1945)
1230:(1943)
1224:(1943)
1194:(1941)
1183:(1941)
1119:(1938)
1105:(1938)
1075:(1922)
1069:(1922)
1054:, and
1030:under
1015:(1920)
1000:(1920)
989:(1919)
903:Revolt
857:(1918)
850:(1918)
836:(1916)
826:(1913)
658:(1991)
652:(1991)
646:(1990)
637:(1973)
631:(1973)
625:(1972)
619:(1971)
613:(1970)
607:(1970)
598:(1963)
592:(1960)
571:(1957)
565:(1956)
559:(1955)
553:(1954)
523:(1950)
517:(1949)
506:(1949)
500:(1949)
483:(1947)
474:(1945)
468:(1945)
449:(1945)
443:(1945)
437:(1943)
431:(1943)
425:(1941)
371:(1939)
365:(1939)
357:(1939)
351:(1938)
345:(1938)
336:(1936)
330:(1935)
324:(1922)
318:(1919)
300:(1916)
224:France
185:Danzig
183:, and
165:Stalin
142:Tehran
79:border
77:, its
61:, the
57:: the
47:German
3505:Homes
2980:1952)
2946:first
2754:(PDF)
2747:(PDF)
2662:et al
2562:were
2225:Queis
2221:Bober
2116:press
1829:Italy
1342:Areas
1117:Orava
874:Lemko
818:from
494:Elten
228:China
3582:1948
3572:1948
3562:1940
3469:Life
3321:1950
3316:1948
3311:1946
3181:NATO
2975:1950
2907:34th
2896:33rd
2818:2017
2788:2017
2670:Bonn
2539:and
2517:The
2237:Oder
2118:and
2106:and
2063:Nazi
1982:The
1975:The
1950:Iran
1849:and
1820:See
1674:Nazi
1648:and
1644:See
1174:and
1115:and
1113:Spiš
545:Kehl
532:and
513:and
511:East
496:and
226:and
148:and
41:The
2502:in
2467:),
1739:).
1489:or
1401:San
868:),
492:of
266:).
167:'s
119:As
3836::
3203:83
2804:.
2664:,
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2247:.
2110:,
1967:.
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1845:,
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1485:,
1481:,
1443:,
1435:,
1431:,
1427:,
1423:,
876:,
872:,
144:,
89:,
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3137:/
2876:e
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2820:.
2790:.
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2429:e
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2287:)
2283:(
2223:-
2180:–
1933:.
1890:.
1758::
1610:e
1603:t
1596:v
1497:.
1455:)
1451:(
1353:/
1062:)
843:/
770:e
763:t
756:v
45:(
30:.
23:.
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