Palestinian right of return

1810:, say that Israel is therefore not obligated to compensate Palestinians or allow them to return. Karsh writes that the Palestinians were not the victims of a "Zionist grand design to dispossess them" but rather were "the aggressors in the 1948–49 war" and as such are responsible for the refugee problem. Karsh does not deny that some Palestinians were forcibly expelled, but places the blame for the bulk of the exodus on Palestinian and Arab elites and leaders who, he writes, fled prior to April 1948 and caused a "stampede effect". Karsh writes that Arab leaders and/or Arab military forces drove out huge numbers of Palestinians from their homes. Karsh states that most Palestinians chose their status as refugees themselves, and therefore Israel is absolved of responsibility. 2058:, Israel announced to the UNCC on 3 August 1949, that it would allow up to 100,000 Palestinian refugees to return into Israel. But this plan was not designed as a panacea for the refugee crisis. Rather, it was to "form a part of a general plan for resettlement of refugees which would be established by a special organ to be created … by the United Nations." Israel reserved the right to permit settlement of the refugees only in areas in which settlement would not be detrimental to the security and economy of the state. The UNCC and Arab governments communicated unofficially at the matter. The Arab governments agreed to the offer, but under drastically different terms: that it apply only to the area originally allotted to Israel under the 1758:"At least 55% of the total of the exodus was caused by our (Haganah/IDF) operations." To this figure, the report's compilers add the operations of the Irgun and Lehi, which "directly (caused) some 15%... of the emigration". A further 2% was attributed to explicit expulsion orders issued by Israeli troops, and 1% to their psychological warfare. This leads to a figure of 73% for departures caused directly by the Israelis. In addition, the report attributes 22% of the departures to "fears" and "a crisis of confidence" affecting the Palestinian population. As for Arab calls for flight, these were reckoned to be significant in only 5% of cases... 2028: 1985:, when it offered to allow 100,000 refugees to return, though not necessarily to their homes, including 25,000 who had returned surreptitiously and 10,000 family-reunion cases. The proposal was conditioned on a peace treaty that would allow Israel to retain territory it had captured which had been allocated to a proposed Palestinian state, and the Arab states absorbing the remaining 550,000–650,000 refugees. The Arabs rejected the proposal on both moral and political grounds, and Israel quickly withdrew its limited offer. At the 1035: 1694:

They argued that the right to property "cannot be extinguished by new sovereignty or occupation and does not have a statute of limitation", and asserted that "it is according to this principle that the European Jews claimed successfully the restitution of their lost property in World War II". Their declaration partly rested on the assertion that, on certain occasions, Palestinians were expelled from their homes in Israel. The declaration placed the number of towns and villages in which this occurred at 531.

1644: 1990:

considerations or family reunification. All other refugees would be resettled in their present places of residents, the Palestinian state, or in third-party countries, with Israel contributing $ 30 billion to fund their resettlement. During this time, most of the original refugees had already died without any compensation. Israel demanded that in exchange, Arafat forever abandon the right of return, and Arafat's refusal has been cited as one of the leading causes of the summit's failure.

1117: 173: 2114:, who had by that time become UNRWA's third director, reported that "Resistance to self-support programmes is particularly evident in the case of large-scale development projects, since the latter inevitably appear to the refugees to carry serious political implications. Their cost, size and consequent permanence raise in the minds of the refugees the fear that to accept settlement on them will be tantamount to giving up the hope of repatriation." 1087:" (JJAC) was created and its Founding Congress (Election of a Board of Directors, Finalized By-Laws for the organization, etc.) met in London in June 2008. Beginning in November 2008, they planned to undertake major initiatives and that in 2009, they would hold a national conference in Israel. Their achievement to date is described as "having returned the issue of Jews from Arab countries to the agenda of the Middle East." 47: 2098:

in the Near East "either by repatriation or resettlement", their permanent re-establishment and removal from relief, "without prejudice to the provisions of paragraph 11 of General Assembly Resolution 194". Toward this goal, Israel donated the equivalent of $ 2.8 million, and Arab states pledged almost $ 600,000. The United States accounted for the greatest pledge with $ 25 million.

1630:, insisted in an interview with the members of the Conciliations Commission that as long as Israel could not count on the dedication of any Arab refugees to remain "at peace with their neighbors" – a consequence, he contended, of the Arab states' unwillingness to remain at peace with the state of Israel – resettlement was not an obligation for his country. 898:. This generated an exodus of 200,000 to 220,000 Palestinians. Here, Arabs fled fearing atrocities or were expelled if they had not fled. During Operation Hiram, at least nine massacres of Arabs were performed by IDF soldiers. After the war, from 1948 to 1950, the IDF cleared its borders, which resulted in the expulsion of around 30,000 to 40,000 Arabs. 1978:, their countries of residence, or third-party countries. The Israeli political leadership has consistently opposed the right of return, but it has made offers of compensation, assistance in resettlement, and return for an extremely limited number of refugees based on family reunification or humanitarian considerations during peace talks. 1902:

conditions: that refugees wish to return, and that they be willing to "live at peace with their neighbors". She argues that the latter condition is unfulfilled, citing the actions of Palestinian militant groups. She concludes that Palestinian refugees have right to seek a negotiated compensation, but not a "right of return".

2062:, that all refugees originating from areas allotted to Arabs or under international control be immediately allowed to return to their homes, and that Israel exercise no control over the location of resettlement. Since the parties failed to agree on the terms of the measure, it died in July of the following year, as 763:. Approximately 120,000–170,000 among the 1967 refugees are believed to have also been refugees from the 1948 war, fleeing a second time. Today, the estimated number of Palestinian refugees and their descendants exceeds four million. The right of return has been of great importance to Palestinians since then. 2094:]". The mission concluded that, although repatriation would be the best solution to the refugee question, circumstances on the ground would only allow philanthropic relief. Moreover, it recommended that this relief be limited to four small pilot projects: in Jordan, the West Bank, Lebanon, and Syria. 2097:

On 2 December 1950, the United Nations General Assembly passed resolution 393 by a vote of 46 in favor, 0 against, 6 abstaining. This resolution allocated, for the period 1 July 1951 to 30 June 1952, "not less than the equivalent of $ 30,000,000" for the economic reintegration of Palestinian refugees

2050:

to the 70,000 Arab residents in the Gaza Strip, as well as its 200,000 refugees, on the condition that the Gaza Strip—then occupied by Egypt—be incorporated into Israel. Israel's delegation to the UNCC accepted this offer, although this plan was rejected and criticized by Arab governments, the United

1965:

Almost all Israeli Jews oppose a literal right of return for Palestinian refugees on the grounds that allowing such an influx of Palestinians would render Jews a minority in Israel, thus transforming Israel into an Arab-Muslim state. In addition to the right-wing and center, a majority of the Israeli

1621:

Israel has always contested this reading, pointing out that the text merely states that the refugees "should be permitted" to return to their homes at the "earliest practicable date" and this recommendation applies only to those "wishing to ... live at peace with their neighbors". In particular,

1103:

repeated his stance that the claim of return was not to his original hometown, but to a Palestinian state that would be established at the 1967 border line. Hamas denounced this adjustment. Abbas later clarified (for the Arab media) that this was his own personal opinion and not a policy of giving up

1901:

has argued that U.N. General Assembly Resolution 194 does not specify a "right", but rather says refugees "should" be allowed to return. She has also noted that General Assembly resolutions are not legally binding on member states, and that this particular resolution based its recommendations on two

1929:

Anthony Oberschall has argued that a full right of return by refugees and their descendants to their original homes would create chaos as the original Palestinian villages no longer exist and in their place are Israeli homes and property, writing that "the townhouses, villages, farms, olive groves,

1909:

in 1966 said that the right of return was intended as an individual and not a collective right, and that "there was no intention here to address the claims of masses of people who have been displaced as a by-product of war or by political transfers of territory or population, such as the relocation

1601:

Resolves that the refugees wishing to return to their homes and live at peace with their neighbours should be permitted to do so at the earliest practicable date, and that compensation should be paid for the property of those choosing not to return and for loss of or damage to property which, under

1075:

began an intensive campaign to secure official political and legal recognition of Jews from Arab lands as refugees. The campaign's proponents hoped their efforts would prevent acceptance of the "right of return" to Palestinians, and reduce the amount of compensation that would be paid by Israel for

966:

A parallel has been drawn by some commentators between the state and private restitutions made from Germany to Israel over Holocaust confiscations and the compensation due to Palestinians evicted in the formation of Israel. Others have compared Palestinians' claims for compensation to the claims of

774:

2330:

founder Daniel Pipes recently noted in an op-ed for Israel Hayom that only 1 percent of the refugees served by UNRWA fit the agency's definition of "people whose normal place of residence was Palestine between June 1946 and May 1948, who lost both their homes and means of livelihood as a result of

1945:

The majority of Palestinians consider that their homeland was lost during the establishment of Israel in 1948, and see the right of return as crucial to a peace agreement with Israel, even if the vast majority of surviving refugees and their descendants do not exercise that right. The Palestinians

1693:

On 15 March 2000, a group of 100 prominent Palestinians from around the world expressed their opinion that the right of return is individual, rather than collective, and that it cannot therefore be reduced or forfeited by any representation on behalf of the Palestinians in any agreement or treaty.

923:

The causes and responsibilities of the exodus are a matter of controversy among historians and commentators of the conflict. Although historians now agree on most of the events of that period, there is still disagreement on whether the exodus was due to a plan designed before or during the war by

908:

No Arab country except Jordan has to date assimilated a significant population of Palestinian refugees, nor given them full citizenship, and many rely on economic aid from the UN or persons in other countries. It is the position of most Arab governments not to grant citizenship to the Palestinian

1930:

and pastures of 1948 do not exist anymore. They have become Israeli towns, apartment blocks, shopping centers, industrial parks, agribusinesses, and highways." He further argues that a settlement between two warring people would ideally have a separation between them and their respective states.

1802:

Israeli official statements and many accounts from supporters have long claimed that the 1948 refugee crisis was instigated by the invading Arab armies who ordered Palestinian civilians to evacuate the battle zone in order to allow the Arab armies freedom to operate. Israel officially denies any

801:

Since the birth of the refugee problem, Israel has consistently rejected the idea that Palestinians would have any inherent "right" of return. In June 1948, the Israeli government stated its position, which was reiterated in a letter to the United Nations on 2 August 1949, that a solution to the

942:

declared: "The Jews should treat the remaining Arabs 'with civil and human equality', but 'it is not our job to worry about the return ". A group consisting of "local authorities, the kibbutz movements, the settlement departments of the National institutions, Haganah commanders and influential

1925:

coming into force after the Palestinian exodus had taken place. Kent argues that these documents do not apply, as international law almost never applies retroactively. Kent concedes that international law almost certainly would mandate a right of return if a refugee displacement under similar

830:, when between 700,000 and 800,000 Arabs left, fled, or were expelled from their homes in the area that would become Israel. They settled in refugee camps in Transjordan, Lebanon, Syria, Egypt, and in the West Bank and the Gaza strip that were occupied by Transjordan and Egypt during the war. 2360:

According to the United Nations Relief and Works Agency – the main body tasked with providing assistance to Palestinian refugees – there are more than 5 million refugees at present. However, the number of Palestinians alive who were personally displaced during Israel's War of Independence is

1771:

framework, this would leave Israel as a bi-national state with a Jewish minority with an additional Palestinian state. Israelis see this demand as inherently contradicting the "two states for two peoples solution", and this has caused many Israelis to believe Israeli–Palestinian peace is not

2391:

As indicated earlier, the formulation of the right of return first appeared in Count Bernadotte's proposal of 27 June 1948... Bernadotte, who can correctly be viewed as the father of the right to return... But the murder of Bernadotte froze any further discussions on formulating a policy of

2109:

reported that Blandford aspired to see 150,000 to 250,000 refugees resettled in Arab nations by building an economic infrastructure which would make their integration more plausible and sustainable for Arab societies. On 26 January 1952, the General Assembly accepted his proposal. In 1955,

1989:

52 years following Israeli independence, Israel offered to set up an international fund for the compensation for the property which had been lost by 1948 Palestinian refugees, to which Israel would contribute. Israel offered to allow 100,000 refugees to return on the basis of humanitarian

833:

From December 1947 to March 1948, around 100,000 Palestinians left. Among them were many from the upper and middle classes from the cities, who left voluntarily, expecting to return when the situation had calmed down. From April to July, between 250,000 and 300,000 fled in front of

136:

Opponents of the right of return hold that it is an unrealistic demand with no basis in international law and that if Israel were to absorb approximately five million Palestinians with an already existing large Arab population, it would lead to the demise of the Jewish state. The

2131:, which was an agreement between individuals and not between official representatives of the government of Israel and the Palestinian people, completely relinquished the idea of a Right of Return. This document is extra-governmental and, therefore, unofficial and non-binding. 2325:

Deputy Secretary of State Tom Nides (..) affirmed the State Department's view on the number of Palestinian refugees (..) that the UN and Works Agency for Palestinian Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) "provides essential services for approximately 5 million refugees," (..)

1713:

writes: "If a settlement is reached between the Israelis and the Palestinians, justice would suggest that all legitimate property should be returned to their rightful owners and that residence by those owners on their property should be once again permitted." Attorney

1779:

There is no formal mechanism in international law to demand repatriation of refugees and their descendants in general, or Palestinians specifically. No international legislation, binding UN resolutions or agreements between Israel and the Palestinians require this.

2084:, on the Clapp Mission. This mission was tasked with economic surveying, to estimate Arab states' capability of absorbing Palestinian refugees. This mission failed dramatically in achieving this goal. Clapp explained on 16 February 1950, in front of the American 1917:, argues that Israel is not obligated to accept a Palestinian right of return, as international law at the time the 1948 Palestinian exodus occurred did not render Israeli actions illegal, with documents cited by proponents of the right of return such as the 1718:

in "The Alienation of a Homeland: How Palestine Became Israel" writes: "Palestinian Arabs have the rights to return to their homes and estates taken over by Israelis, to receive just compensation for loss of life and property, and to exercise national

1974:, family reunification initiatives, and the admittance of a highly limited number of refugees to Israel, but is opposed to a full right of return. The vast majority of Israelis believe that all or almost all of the refugees should be resettled in a 909:

refugees born within their borders; this policy is in part due to the wishes of these Arab states for Palestinians to be allowed to return to their homes within Israel, in part due to these states wishing to relieve themselves of the refugees.

1883:, showed that international law neither requires nor expects the reversal of population exchanges. He further argued that precedent does not require reversal even of one-directional refugee migrations, such as the expulsion of 900,000 2935: 3162:

Altogether some 200,000-300,000 Arabs fled or were driven from the West Bank and Gaza Strip...during the war and in the weeks immediately thereafter. Another eighty to ninety thousand fled or were driven from the Golan

1076:

appropriated Palestinian property. Then-president of the United States Bill Clinton gave an interview in July 2000 to Israel's Channel One and disclosed an agreement to recognize Jews from Arab lands as refugees, while

986:(approx. 20,500 km) or 78% of lands in what had been Mandate Palestine: 8% (approx. 1,650 km) were privately controlled by Jews, 6% (approx. 1,300 km) by Arabs, with the remaining 86% was public land. 1059:

It is estimated that 800,000 to 1,000,000 Jews were either forced from their homes or left the Arab countries from 1948 until the early 1970s; 260,000 reached Israel between 1948 and 1951, and 600,000 by 1972.

4416:

Annual Report of the Director of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, covering the period 1 July 1954 to 30 June 1955, General Assembly, Tenth Session, Document

1814:

argues that the newly formed Israeli state viewed, and rightly so in his view, the Palestinian refugees as enemies "who had just attacked the Jewish community" and if they were allowed to return could form a

5037: 4887: 3967: 1507: 1559:

The issue of the right of return of Palestinian refugees has been a very sensitive issue for Palestinians (and Arab countries in the region) since the creation of the refugee problem as a result of the

3362: 2500: 3336: 1754:

A report from the military intelligence SHAI of the Haganah entitled "The emigration of Palestinian Arabs in the period 1/12/1947 – 1/6/1948", dated 30 June 1948 affirms that up to 1 June 1948:

129:. This view holds that those who opt not to return, or for whom return is not feasible, should receive compensation. Proponents argue that Israel's opposition stands in contrast with its 4764:, 1 April 2008, Portland, Oregon. Eitan Bronstein of the Jewish Israeli group, Zochrot, and Muhammad Jaradat of the Badil Resource Center for Palestinian Residency and Refugees' Rights. 1910:

of ethnic Germans from Eastern Europe during and after the Second World War, the flight of the Palestinians from what became Israel, or the movement of Jews from the Arab countries".

802:

Palestinian refugee problem must be sought not through the return of the refugees to Israel, but through the resettlement of the Palestinian Arab refugee population in other states.

1672:

which "reaffirms also the inalienable right of the Palestinians to return to their homes and property from which they have been displaced and uprooted, and calls for their return".

141:

does not view the admission of Palestinian refugees to their former homes in Israel as a right, but rather as a political issue to be resolved as part of a final peace settlement.

1072: 737: 1512: 1213: 2019:

In 2008, the Palestinian Authority issued a statement "calling on all Palestinians living abroad to converge on Israel by land, sea and air" to mark Israel's 60 anniversary.

2832:"General Progress Report and Supplementary Report of the United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine, Covering the Period from 11 December 1949 to 23 October 1950" 1727:

details Israel's "aggression against Middle East Arabs", confiscatory policies and its "refusal to let these refugees return and reclaim the property taken from them".

1822:

Some critics of the Palestinian right of return also argue that it is not supported by international precedent, drawing attention to the 758,000–866,000 Jews who were

4385: 1682:

According to Akram, although the status of Palestinian nationals/citizens after the creation of the State of Israel has been much debated, established principles of

2124:

proposed a settlement between Israel and Palestine which would grant Palestinians a right of return to a Palestinian state, but not to Israel. The proposal failed.

3085: 4716:

Zilbershats, Yaffa (2007). "International Law and the Palestinian Right of Return to the State of Israel". In Eyal Benvenisti, Chaim Gans and Sari Hanafi (ed.).

3808:

Morris, Benny (January 1986). "The Causes and Character of the Arab Exodus from Palestine: The Israel Defense Forces Intelligence Branch Analysis of June 1948".

1834:

between 1945 and 1956. These critics argue that since these refugees were neither compensated nor allowed return—to no objection on the part of Arab leaders or

2504: 1787:

does not mention a right of return or any other arrangement as a mandatory solution, and only calls for a "just settlement" to the refugee issue. According to

1767:

Objectors to a Palestinian right of return contend that such a right would destroy Israel as a Jewish state as it would leave Jews a minority in Israel. In a

2105:, proposed spending $ 50 million on relief for Palestinian refugees, and another $ 200 million on their integration into the communities where they resided. 427: 417: 3959: 3391: 2835: 2158: 1922: 817: 1970:, opposes the right of return on these grounds. The Israeli left is generally open to compromise on the issue, and supports resolving it by means such as 4880: 1313: 730: 5020: 4755:

VIDEO: Muhammad Jaradat and Eitan Bronstein – "Acknowledging the Past; Imagining the Future: Israelis and Palestinians on 1948 and the Right of Return"

2035:

Since the Palestinian exodus of 1948, there have been many attempts to resolve the right of return dispute. These have produced minor results at best.

1942:, and the failure of the peace process is due, in large part, to the inability of the two parties to achieve a solution with justice for both sides. 863: 319: 309: 4757: 3103: 978:, 12.8 million was owned by Arabs, 1.5 million by Jews, 1.5 million was public land and 10.6 million constituted the desertic Beersheba district ( 5113: 4953: 1669: 1218: 780: 2308: 4927: 4863: 3753: 3177: 2190: 1784: 1675: 1591: 1554: 1276: 1181: 767: 723: 674: 219: 55: 2406: 1795: 5098: 1053: 1029: 3897: 2594: 4842: 1158: 866:. After the truce of June, about 100,000 Palestinians became refugees. About 50,000 inhabitants of Lydda and Ramle were expelled towards 17: 1997:

of 1993. Not only was there no final status agreement, but the Oslo process itself broke down, and its failure was a major cause of the

4696: 4523: 2016:

said that the Palestinian Authority must also drop its demand for the right of return, calling it "a recipe for Israel's destruction".

4748: 3658: 3495:

Akram, Susan M. (Spring 2002). "Palestinian Refugees and Their Legal Status: Rights, Politics, and Implications for a Just Solution".

3236: 1993:

The Palestinian right of return had been one of the issues whose solution had been deferred until the "final status agreement" in the

5063: 4822: 2478: 2344: 378: 4026: 1798:

makes no mention of descendants and that the convention ceases to apply to a person who, inter alia, has acquired a new nationality.

938:

During the Palestinian exodus, Israeli leaders decided against the return of the refugees. During her visit at Haïfa on 1 May 1948,

862:, that lost more than 90% of their Arab inhabitants. Some expulsions arose, particularly along the Tel-Aviv – Jerusalem road and in 4089: 2633: 2088:: "Resettlement was a subject that the Arab governments were not willing to discuss, with the exception of King Abdallah [ 1690:

confirm that the denationalization of Palestinians was illegal and that they retain the right to return to their places of origin.

1163: 1288: 432: 2043: 1579: 4875: 4725: 4706: 4592: 4533: 4263: 4010: 2384: 1656: 1239: 918: 162: 103: 82:

refugees (c. 30,000 to 50,000 people still alive as of 2012) and their descendants (c. 5 million people as of 2012), have a

4181: 1084: 4392: 4817: 3933: 3273:

Any analogy between Palestinian refugees and Jewish immigrants from Arab lands is folly in historical and political terms

2118: 1730:

Palestinian and international authors have justified the right of return of the Palestinian refugees on several grounds:

1201: 3548: 1020:; approximately 120,000–170,000 among them were believed to also be refugees from the first war, fleeing a second time. 5058: 4789: 3089: 2455: 1568: 596: 2012:

stated that the establishment of a Palestinian state was conditional upon waiving the right of return. Prime Minister

1958:. All Palestinian political and militant groups, both Islamist and socialist, strongly support a right of return. The 5068: 4682: 4654: 4634: 4614: 4512: 4493: 4284: 4163: 3907: 3792: 3532: 3313: 3285: 3219: 3155: 2873: 2668: 2577: 2291: 1975: 795: 4133: 798:'s trinity of inalienable rights, along with the right of self-determination and the right to an independent state. 2890: 2148: 2069:

declared: "The context in which that offer was made has disappeared, and Israel is no longer bound by that offer."

1939: 960: 690: 289: 155: 3835:

Kapeliouk, Amnon (Spring 1987). "New Light on the Israeli-Arab Conflict and the Refugee Problem and Its Origins".

5108: 3309: 2085: 1888: 1540: 1480: 1004:

another Palestinian exodus occurred. An estimated 280,000 to 350,000 Palestinians fled or were expelled from the

663: 650: 630: 3387: 2831: 1602:

principles of international law or in equity, should be made good by the Governments or authorities responsible.

775:

principles of international law or in equity, should be made good by the Governments or authorities responsible.

133:

that grants all Jews the right to settle permanently, while withholding any comparable right from Palestinians.

3612: 3467: 1959: 1655:"Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country." Article 13(2), 933: 698: 368: 360: 4279: 3929: 2419:

Abu-Laban, Yasmeen; Bakan, Abigail B. (9 September 2008). "The racial contract: Israel/Palestine and Canada".

1738:

assert that the Palestinian refugees were chased out or expelled by the actions of the Jewish militant groups

79: 5103: 1914: 1823: 654: 1614:

Since the late 1960s, Article 11 has increasingly been quoted by those who interpret it as a basis for the "

3989:

Zilbershats, Yaffa (2007). "International Law and the Palestinian Right of Return to the State of Israel".

2163: 1848:, and thereby set legal precedent in the region against a right of return. Former Israeli foreign minister 1259: 4754: 5079: 4858: 2055: 1982: 967:

ethnic Germans who were expelled from eastern Europe in the aftermath of the Holocaust and World War II.

878:, the Arabs of Nazareth and South Galilee could remain in their homes. They later formed the core of the 2287: 172: 5123: 2111: 2081: 791: 682: 452: 391: 239: 3578: 1803:

responsibility for the Palestinian exodus, stating that their flight was caused by the Arab invasion.

4868: 4057: 3431:

Radley, Kurt René (July 1978). "The Palestinian Refugees: The Right to Return in International Law".

1951: 1561: 1252: 1208: 839: 412: 199: 4454: 3766: 2063: 1918: 1455: 592: 422: 4902: 1839: 995: 811: 760: 756: 95: 4584: 1611:

The exact meaning and timing of enforcement of the resolution were disputed from the beginning.

5118: 4943: 4782: 3264: 2598: 2218: 1986: 1196: 706: 259: 249: 58:. The keys symbolize those kept as mementos by many Palestinians who left their homes in 1948. 2374: 5053: 4525:

The terrorist conjunction: the United States, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and al-Qā'ida

4179:

Lawand, Kathleen (October 1996). "The Right to Return of Palestinians in International Law".

3468:"Israel, Palestine and the Occupied Territories: The Right of Return of Palestinian Refugees" 2629: 2567: 1906: 1698: 1450: 1096: 1068: 580: 125:, whose applicability both generally and specifically to the Palestinians is protected under 38: 3754:"No peaceful solution: Miron Rapaport interviewed Avi Shlaim for Ha'aretz Friday Supplement" 874:, and most others during clearing operations performed by the IDF on its rear areas. During 4948: 1247: 1191: 891: 610: 355: 299: 229: 138: 75: 8: 4907: 4812: 4299: 4224: 4034: 3060: 1857: 1571:

which was passed on 11 December 1948, recognized the right of return for the first time.

1533: 1153: 823: 383: 99: 4093: 2625: 2027: 759:

is estimated at between 700,000 and 800,000, and another 280,000 to 350,000 people were

117:

The right of return was initially formulated on 27 June 1948 by United Nations mediator

4922: 4832: 4577: 3852: 3735: 3697: 3448: 2436: 2269: 2128: 2077: 2005: 1971: 1768: 1720: 1663: 1594:(1948), it is (mainly) Article 11 which deals with the return of Palestinian refugees. 1575: 1293: 1223: 1172: 1064: 827: 563: 540: 350: 279: 189: 107: 3104:"Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine" 90:

they themselves or their forebears left behind or were forced to leave in what is now

4775: 4721: 4702: 4678: 4650: 4630: 4610: 4588: 4572: 4529: 4508: 4489: 4431: 4259: 4159: 4006: 3903: 3788: 3528: 3215: 3151: 2945:

Expulsion of the Palestinians: The Concept of "Transfer" in Zionist Political Thought

2936:

All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948

2869: 2862: 2573: 2440: 2380: 2327: 1835: 1410: 975: 959:

were set up to prevent a refugee return. In July, it had become an official policy: "

784: 584: 345: 126: 3038: 963:" was managed by Israeli government and numerous Palestinian villages were leveled. 790:

The right of return was defined as the "foremost of Palestinian rights" at the 12th

4917: 4560: 4251: 4190: 3998: 3844: 3817: 3727: 3689: 3632: 3504: 3440: 2428: 1947: 1895:. In Sharett's view, Israel was singled out as the exception to international law. 1715: 1687: 1683: 1651:

Supporters of the right of return assert it partly based on the following sources:

1623: 1271: 634: 600: 118: 3190: 2331:

the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict." The other 99 percent are descendants of refugees.

1775:

Opponents of the right of return reject it partly based on the following sources:

4761: 3574: 2209: 2173: 1998: 1724: 1710: 1702: 1615: 1430: 1116: 887: 875: 871: 553: 83: 59: 4002: 4827: 4692: 3715: 2121: 2059: 1860:. He argued that precedent, such as the exchange of 2.5 million people between 1791:, this also includes the issue of Jewish refugees from Arab and Muslim nations. 1735: 1678:

affirms the necessity for "achieving a just settlement of the refugee problem".

1643: 1565: 1526: 1365: 1318: 902: 883: 588: 512: 471: 460: 4564: 4248:

Conflict and Peace Building in Divided Societies: Responses to Ethnic Violence

3899:

Tackling the Intractable: Palestinian Refugees and the Search for Middle Peace

3821: 3604: 3388:"A/RES/194 (III): Palestine -- Progress Report of the United Nations Mediator" 2432: 1034: 5092: 4984: 4647:

Self-Determination in Law and Practice: The New Doctrine in the United States

3508: 3363:"Abbas clarifies: I have not given up demand for Palestinian right of return" 3337:"By keeping Abbas under a glass ceiling, Israel is forgetting its real enemy" 2930: 2569:

Refugees into Citizens: Palestinians and the End of the Arab-Israeli Conflict

2153: 2066: 2039: 2009: 1898: 1849: 1844: 1819:. He views the refugee problem as consequence of a war that they instigated. 1788: 1485: 1475: 1370: 1052:

A comparison is often made between the situation of Palestinian refugees and

1013: 879: 465: 130: 31: 4999: 2972: 2501:"Israel News – Online Israeli News Covering Israel & The Jewish World …" 2309:"U.S. State Department Affirms Support for 5 Million 'Palestinian Refugees'" 1385: 5009: 4994: 4979: 4969: 4897: 4194: 4085: 3871: 2956: 2948: 2922: 2914: 2857: 2799: 2168: 2013: 1994: 1892: 1865: 1831: 1816: 1811: 1807: 1743: 1400: 1380: 1360: 1350: 1323: 1100: 1038: 859: 209: 4255: 3292: 2675: 4989: 4974: 2964: 2940: 2345:"US Senate dramatically scales down definition of Palestinian 'refugees'" 2047: 1955: 1827: 1390: 1375: 1355: 1017: 1001: 944: 488: 269: 122: 111: 2666:

Text of a statement made by Moshe Sharett on 1 August 1948, included in

5014: 4837: 3856: 3739: 3701: 3452: 2179: 2143: 1853: 1701:

have argued for the Palestinian right of return largely from a private

1405: 1186: 1077: 1009: 948: 939: 847: 576: 1104:

the right of return. Israeli politicians denounced the clarification.

5004: 4892: 4325: 2864:

The Fateful Triangle: the United States, Israel, and the Palestinians

1440: 1395: 1328: 1005: 783:, passed on 22 November 1974, declared the right of return to be an " 572: 4698:

Ethnocracy: land and identity politics in Israel/Palestine, Part 797

4551:

Khalidi, Walid (2005). "Why Did the Palestinians Leave, Revisited".

4212:. Stocktaking Conference on Palestinian Refugees Research in Canada. 4107: 3848: 3731: 3693: 3444: 1938:

The argument over the existence of such a right has perpetuated the

1023: 924:

Zionist leaders, or whether it was an unintended result of the war.

4486:

Palestinian Refugees: Mythology, Identity, and the Search for Peace

3937: 2185: 2073: 1967: 1877: 1445: 867: 843: 87: 4391:. United Nations General Assembly. 2 December 1950. Archived from 4090:"Rights and Wrongs: History and the Palestinian 'Right of Return'" 2134:

In 2013, Boston University hosted the Right of Return conference.

66:

are common Palestinian symbols of support for the right of return.

27:

Political principle within the Israeli–Palestinian conflict sphere

3997:]. Vol. 189. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. p. 199. 3761: 3195: 1884: 1739: 1435: 895: 835: 626: 549: 63: 46: 4210:

The Right of Return in International Law: An Israeli Perspective

3212:

The Forgotten Millions: The Modern Jewish Exodus from Arab Lands

1981:

Israel's first offer of any limited right of return came at the

4543:

Khalidi, Walid (July 1959). "Why Did the Palestinians Leave?".

4092:. Australia/Israel & Jewish Affairs Council. Archived from 3680:

Flapan, Simha (Summer 1987). "The Palestinian Exodus of 1948".

3308: 3127:. London: Palestine Land Society and Palestinian Return Centre. 2969:

Palestine 1948: War, Escape and the Palestinian Refugee Problem

2407:

Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 13 at WikiSource

2376:

No Return, No Refuge: Rites and Rights in Minority Repatriation

1880: 1869: 1861: 1852:

asserted that the migration of refugees between Israel and the

1627: 1080:

hailed it as an achievement in an interview with Dan Margalit.

1073:

Conference of Presidents of Major American Jewish Organizations

1046: 517: 500: 476: 91: 1574:

Resolution 194 also deals with the situation in the region of

4798: 4326:"Satellite News and latest stories | The Jerusalem Post" 3991:

Beiträge zum ausländischen öffentlichen Recht und Völkerrecht

3426: 3424: 2102: 2101:

On 29 November 1951, John B. Blandford Jr., then director of

1946:

consider the vast majority of refugees as victims of Israeli

1873: 1747: 1281: 1129: 983: 979: 971: 855: 851: 495: 1647:

Protester with "Right of Return" poster, Washington, DC 2009

905:

estimated the number of refugees outside Israel at 711,000.

3605:"The Alienation of a Homeland: How Palestine Became Israel" 2479:"Do Palestinian Refugees Have a Right to Return to Israel?" 2072:

On 23 August 1949, the United States sent Gordon R. Clapp,

1042: 4742: 4701:(Illustrated ed.). University of Pennsylvania Press. 3960:"Do Palestinian Refugees Have a Right to Return to Israel" 3421: 3039:"Negotiating Truth: The Holocaust, Lehavdel, and al-Nakba" 2595:"Palestinian premier rejects Israel's condition for talks" 794:

meeting in 1974 when it became the first component of the

2090: 1705:

perspective. In "Property Rights and the 'Right of Return

766:

The first formal recognition of a right of return was in

4767: 4156:

A History of Israel from the Rise of Zionism to Our Time

3527:(4th ed.). New York: Clarendon Press. p. 661. 2031:

Identification Card of Ahmad Said, a Palestinian refugee

1578:

at that time, establishing and defining the role of the

770:

passed on 11 December 1948 which provided (Article 11):

5038:

Villages depopulated during the 1948 Palestinian exodus

4579:

Politicide: Ariel Sharon's war against the Palestinians

4229:

University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Law

3088:. Institute for Palestine Studies. 1984. Archived from 2919:

The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem, 1947–1949

4627:

The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited

4225:"Evaluating the Palestinians' Claimed Right of Return" 3718:(Winter 1992). "Observations on the Right of Return". 2961:

The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited

1582:

as an organization to facilitate peace in the region.

121:. Proponents of the right of return hold that it is a 3061:"History and the Right of Return in Israel-Palestine" 1962:

views the right of return as a non-negotiable right.

1107: 2456:"Palestinian 'Right of Return' is not 'Inalienable'" 2223: 2159:

List of directors and commissioners-general of UNRWA

1923:

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

1585: 818:

Killings and massacres during the 1948 Palestine war

4368: 4366: 3930:"Legal Aspects of the Palestinian Refugee Question" 5021:The Origins and Evolution of the Palestine Problem 4715: 4576: 3361:Issacharoff, Avi; Ravid, Barak (4 November 2012). 3286:"Introducing Justice for Jews from Arab Countries" 3237:"The Forced Migration of Jews from Arab Countries" 2861: 2046:(UNCC), suggested that Israel agree to grant full 2022: 882:. From October to November 1948, the IDF launched 4341: 4339: 4058:"Olmert Rejects Right of Return for Palestinians" 3657:McGeown, Kate; Asser, Martin (18 February 2003). 2953:Fabricating Israeli History: The "New Historians" 2826: 2824: 1024:Relationship to Jewish exodus from Arab countries 5090: 4386:"United Nations General Assembly Resolution 393" 4363: 3549:"Affirmation of the Palestinian Right of Return" 3360: 3209: 2572:. The Council on Foreign Relations. p. 17. 2366: 1513:Estimates of the number of Palestinians who fled 1063:In 2000, Bobby Brown, advisor to prime minister 4453:Ali, Zarefa; Ahsanuddin, Sadia (5 April 2013). 3872:"The expulsion of the Palestinians re-examined" 1933: 1670:United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3236 4351: 4336: 4149: 4147: 4019: 2821: 2418: 2191:United Nations General Assembly Resolution 194 1785:United Nations Security Council Resolution 242 1676:United Nations Security Council Resolution 242 1592:United Nations General Assembly Resolution 194 1555:United Nations General Assembly Resolution 194 912: 37:"Al-Awda" redirects here. For other uses, see 4783: 4607:Palestine and Israel: The Uprising and Beyond 4452: 3895: 3785:A History of the Israeli–Palestinian Conflict 2523: 2372: 1796:Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees 1534: 731: 4745:, The Palestinian Right to Return Coalition. 4300:"Israel: "Right of Return" is a Non-Starter" 4280:"Resolving the Refugee Question: Key Issues" 3656: 2511: 2402: 2400: 2231: 1030:Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries 886:to chase Egyptian forces from the Negev and 74:is the political position or principle that 4623: 4144: 4049: 3988: 3579:"Property Rights and the 'Right of Return'" 3541: 3411: 3409: 3334: 3024: 3012: 3000: 2988: 2927:1948 and after; Israel and the Palestinians 2815: 2787: 2775: 2763: 2751: 2739: 2727: 2715: 2703: 2691: 1067:on Diaspora affairs and delegates from the 982:). By 1949, Israel controlled 20.5 million 4790: 4776: 4663: 4571: 4372: 4357: 4345: 4245: 4207: 4125: 2806:– First Arab-Israeli War – Operation Yoav. 2535: 2529: 2379:. Columbia University Press. p. 203. 2051:States, and even Israel's own government. 1806:Opponents of the right of return, such as 1541: 1527: 989: 805: 738: 724: 675:Israeli–Palestinian economic peace efforts 171: 4823:Sectarian conflict in Mandatory Palestine 4720:. Springer Publishers. pp. 191–218. 4691: 4644: 4629:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 3834: 3433:The American Journal of International Law 3203: 2517: 2397: 1638: 951:started lobbying against repatriation. A 4604: 4521: 4055: 3927: 3630: 3602: 3522: 3490: 3488: 3406: 3188: 2620: 2618: 2616: 2592: 2586: 2541: 2476: 2453: 2373:Adelman, Howard; Barkan, Elazar (2011). 2342: 2026: 1762: 1734:Several authors included in the broader 1642: 1164:Jewish insurgency in Mandatory Palestine 1033: 114:. As of 2024 this right does not exist. 45: 4550: 4542: 4378: 4080: 4078: 3923: 3921: 3919: 3782: 3776: 3714: 3573: 3234: 3228: 2856: 1842:had accepted this migration of Jews as 1289:Hebraization of Palestinian place names 14: 5114:Human rights in the State of Palestine 5091: 4672: 4624: 4502: 4483: 4425: 4423: 4178: 4153: 4131: 3807: 3679: 3525:Principles of Public International Law 3465: 3430: 3415: 3174: 3145: 3058: 2888: 2654: 2553: 2336: 2117:In 2002, former representative of the 2044:United Nations Conciliation Commission 1580:United Nations Conciliation Commission 1508:List of depopulated towns and villages 1056:who are now in Israel (or elsewhere). 1054:the exodus of Jews from Arab countries 927: 4876:1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight 4771: 4429: 4158:. New York: Knopf. pp. 440–441. 4084: 3869: 3659:"Right of return: Palestinian dream?" 3494: 3485: 3394:from the original on 28 February 2017 3265:"Hitching a ride on the magic carpet" 3244:Historical Society of Jews from Egypt 3182: 2613: 2454:Sharnoff, Michael (13 October 2008). 2303: 2301: 2267: 1723:." In "War Guilt in the Middle East" 1657:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1633: 919:Causes of the 1948 Palestinian exodus 838:offensives, mainly from the towns of 104:1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight 4432:"Right of return: Palestinian dream" 4222: 4182:International Journal of Refugee Law 4075: 3916: 3870:Vidal, Dominique (1 December 1997). 3390:. United Nations. 11 December 1948. 3335:Issacharoff, Avi (3 November 2012). 3314:"Abbas: No Right of Hometown Return" 2565: 2481:. Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs 1597:Article 11 of the resolution reads: 1085:Justice for Jews from Arab Countries 757:Palestinian refugees of the 1948 war 5099:History of the Palestinian refugees 4818:Israeli Declaration of Independence 4749:Right of return: Palestinian dream? 4718:Israel and the Palestinian refugees 4420: 3995:Israel and the Palestinian Refugees 3970:from the original on 2 January 2016 3934:Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs 3928:Lapidoth, Ruth (1 September 2002). 3036: 2947:, Institute for Palestine Studies; 2939:, Institute for Palestine Studies; 2891:"The War of the Israeli Historians" 2838:from the original on 13 August 2016 2834:. United Nations. 23 October 1950. 2232: 2213: 2119:Palestinian Liberation Organization 1926:circumstances were to occur today. 1202:Israeli Declaration of Independence 781:UN General Assembly Resolution 3236 24: 4455:"Right of Return for Palestinians" 4056:Erlanger, Steven (31 March 2007). 3964:Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs 3603:Halbrook, Stephen P. (Fall 1981). 2597:. Associated Press. Archived from 2477:Lapidoth, Ruth (15 January 2001). 2447: 2298: 1606: 1569:UN General Assembly Resolution 194 1108:UN General Assembly Resolution 194 1090: 768:UN General Assembly Resolution 194 25: 5135: 4736: 4108:"Survival of the Fittest (Cont.)" 3189:Schwartz, Adi (10 January 2008). 3125:From Refugees to Citizens at Home 3059:Benkof, David (23 January 2014). 2977:The Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine 2636:from the original on 16 June 2002 2343:Goldberg, Ari Ben (25 May 2012). 1586:Article 11 – Palestinian Refugees 796:Palestine Liberation Organization 4673:Schulz, Helena Lindholm (2003). 4430:Sharp, Heather (15 April 2004). 3631:Rothbard, Murray (Autumn 1967). 3214:. Continuum. pp. 139, 155. 3210:Hillel Shulewitz, Malka (2001). 2288:"Palestinians mark Al-Naqba Day" 1115: 691:Middle East economic integration 290:Agreement on Movement and Access 4649:. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. 4446: 4410: 4318: 4292: 4272: 4239: 4216: 4201: 4172: 4100: 3982: 3952: 3902:. Peter Lang. pp. 99–102. 3896:Chiller-Glaus, Michael (2007). 3889: 3863: 3828: 3801: 3746: 3708: 3673: 3650: 3624: 3596: 3567: 3515: 3459: 3380: 3354: 3328: 3310:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 3302: 3278: 3257: 3168: 3139: 3130: 3117: 3096: 3078: 3052: 3030: 3018: 3006: 2994: 2982: 2908: 2889:Shlaim, Avi (1 December 2003). 2882: 2850: 2809: 2793: 2781: 2769: 2757: 2745: 2733: 2721: 2709: 2697: 2685: 2674:. 2 August 1948. Archived from 2660: 2648: 2593:Ishtayeh, Nasser (7 May 2003). 2559: 2547: 2493: 2470: 2086:House Foreign Affairs Committee 2023:Historic attempts at resolution 1836:international legal authorities 1481:Palestinian genocide accusation 597:Palestinian Prisoners' Document 4954:Expulsion from Lydda and Ramle 4664:Schechtman, Joseph B. (1963). 4599:ethnic cleansing palestinians. 4528:. Greenwood Publishing Group. 4132:Morris, Benny (17 July 2011). 3633:"War Guilt in the Middle East" 3613:Journal of Libertarian Studies 3150:. Vintage Books. p. 327. 3136:UN figures, see Bowker, p. 81. 3065:Foreign Policy in Focus (FPIF) 2963:, Cambridge University Press; 2921:, Cambridge University Press; 2412: 2280: 2268:Lavie, Aviv (12 August 2004). 2261: 2203: 1960:Palestinian National Authority 1626:, the first Prime Minister of 1219:Expulsion from Lydda and Ramle 934:Israeli land and property laws 699:Alliance for Middle East Peace 653: / groups / 369:Palestinian political violence 56:UN General Assembly resolution 13: 1: 4484:Bowker, Robert P. G. (2003). 4134:"My Response to Efraim Karsh" 2503:. 8 July 2012. Archived from 2361:estimated to be around 30,000 2254: 2038:In 1949, Mark Etheridge, the 2001:and the continuing violence. 1954:, and cite massacres such as 1915:Fordham University Law School 144: 5064:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 4553:Journal of Palestine Studies 4522:Gerteiny, Alfred G. (2007). 4488:. Lynne Rienner Publishers. 4246:Oberschall, Anthony (2007). 3837:Journal of Palestine Studies 3787:. Indiana University Press. 3720:Journal of Palestine Studies 3682:Journal of Palestine Studies 3583:Future of Freedom Foundation 3497:Journal of Palestine Studies 3235:Aharoni, Ada (August 2002). 2164:Palestinian return to Israel 2149:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 1940:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 1934:Bearing on the peace process 1913:Andrew Kent, a Professor at 1872:and Muslims who crossed the 1868:, as well as the 13 million 1260:Palestinian return to Israel 156:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 100:British Mandate of Palestine 30:Not to be confused with the 7: 5080:The Holocaust and the Nakba 4913:Palestinian right of return 4003:10.1007/978-3-540-68161-8_7 2971:, Oxford University Press; 2929:, Clarendon Press, Oxford; 2868:. Boston: South End Press. 2226:Ḥaqq al-ʻAwdah al-Filasṭīnī 2224: 2137: 2008:, Israeli Foreign Minister 1983:Lausanne Conference of 1949 1824:expelled, fled or emigrated 1618:" of Palestinian refugees. 1083:In 2002, the organization " 913:Causes and responsibilities 826:problem started during the 750: 98:(both formerly part of the 72:Palestinian right of return 18:Palestinian right to return 10: 5140: 4645:Pomerance, Michla (1982). 4476: 3191:"All I wanted was justice" 3123:Abu Sitta, Salman (2001): 2626:"The Palestinian Diaspora" 2112:Henry Richardson Labouisse 2082:Tennessee Valley Authority 1856:essentially constituted a 1552: 1027: 993: 931: 916: 815: 809: 792:Palestine National Council 392:Zionist political violence 240:Sharm El Sheikh Memorandum 36: 29: 5077: 5046: 5030: 4962: 4936: 4851: 4805: 4797: 4666:The Refugees in the World 4565:10.1525/jps.2005.34.2.042 4507:. Sussex Academic Press. 4306:. Arutz Sheva. 8 May 2003 4208:Benvenisti, Eyal (2003). 3822:10.1080/00263208608700647 2433:10.1080/13504630802343481 1240:1948 expulsion and flight 970:In 1945, of 26.4 million 870:by Israeli forces during 664:Peace-orientated projects 620:Israeli unilateral plans: 413:Israeli West Bank barrier 318: 308: 298: 288: 278: 268: 258: 248: 238: 228: 218: 208: 198: 188: 5031:Related categories/lists 4675:The Palestinian Diaspora 4605:McDowall, David (1989). 3509:10.1525/jps.2002.31.3.36 2196: 2064:Israeli Foreign Minister 1919:Fourth Geneva Convention 1456:March of Return (Israel) 761:refugees of the 1967 war 593:Israeli Peace Initiative 4903:Palestine refugee camps 4859:1947–1949 Palestine war 4154:Sachar, Howard (1976). 3086:"Before Their Diaspora" 2566:Arzt, Donna E. (1997). 1905:According to Lapidoth, 1840:international community 1124:Part of a series on the 996:1967 Palestinian exodus 990:1967 Palestinian exodus 812:1948 Palestinian exodus 806:1948 Palestinian exodus 96:Palestinian territories 50:This artwork is titled 32:Israeli right of return 5109:Human rights in Israel 4625:Morris, Benny (2004). 4285:McGill Faculty of Arts 3810:Middle Eastern Studies 3783:Tessler, Mark (1994). 3765:. 2005. Archived from 3523:Brownlie, Ian (1990). 3146:Morris, Benny (2001). 2458:. Jewish Policy Center 2270:"Right of remembrance" 2042:representative to the 2032: 1987:2000 Camp David summit 1972:financial compensation 1760: 1648: 1639:Supporters' viewpoints 1604: 1182:Civil war in Palestine 1049: 777: 707:Peres Center for Peace 260:The Clinton Parameters 67: 5059:Arab–Israeli conflict 4869:1948 Arab–Israeli War 4677:. London: Routledge. 4503:Gelber, Yoav (2006). 4256:10.4324/9780203944851 4223:Kent, Andrew (2012). 3876:Le Monde diplomatique 2681:on 11 September 2008. 2630:Le Monde Diplomatique 2230:; often shortened as 2030: 1952:1948 Arab–Israeli War 1763:Objectors' viewpoints 1756: 1699:American libertarians 1646: 1599: 1562:1948 Arab–Israeli War 1451:Great March of Return 1097:Palestinian Authority 1069:World Jewish Congress 1037: 772: 581:Arab Peace Initiative 445:International brokers 54:, after the namesake 49: 39:Awda (disambiguation) 5104:Palestinian politics 5069:Gaza–Israel conflict 4949:Deir Yassin massacre 4304:Israel National News 4195:10.1093/ijrl/8.4.532 3316:. GlobalSecurity.org 2004:In 2003, during the 1966:left, including the 1248:Palestinian refugees 1192:Deir Yassin massacre 1139:Precipitating events 892:Arab Liberation Army 611:Three-state solution 423:Fatah–Hamas conflict 374:Palestinian refugees 356:Palestinian enclaves 300:Annapolis Conference 230:Wye River Memorandum 139:government of Israel 76:Palestinian refugees 4908:Palestinian refugee 4864:1947–1948 civil war 4843:1947 partition plan 4813:Mandatory Palestine 4760:20 May 2011 at the 4668:. New York: Barnes. 4459:The Huffington Post 4027:"Refugees forever?" 3966:. 15 January 2001. 3553:Global Policy Forum 3472:Global Policy Forum 3312:(2 November 2012). 3025:Benny Morris (2004) 3013:Benny Morris (2004) 3001:Benny Morris (2004) 2989:Benny Morris (2004) 2816:Benny Morris (2004) 2788:Benny Morris (2004) 2776:Benny Morris (2004) 2764:Benny Morris (2004) 2752:Benny Morris (2004) 2740:Benny Morris (2004) 2728:Benny Morris (2004) 2716:Benny Morris (2004) 2704:Benny Morris (2004) 2692:Benny Morris (2004) 2349:The Times of Israel 2214:حق العودة الفلسطيني 2056:Lausanne Conference 1858:population exchange 1659:(10 December 1948). 1159:1947 partition plan 1154:Mandatory Palestine 1016:as a result of the 961:Absentees' property 928:Absentees' property 824:Palestinian refugee 384:Status of Jerusalem 351:Israeli settlements 163:Israeli–Palestinian 152:Part of a series on 86:and a right to the 4923:Transfer Committee 4751:, BBC News Online. 4573:Kimmerling, Baruch 4375:, pp. 219–222 4360:, pp. 214–215 4348:, pp. 212–213 4062:The New York Times 4031:The Jerusalem Post 3271:. 15 August 2003. 2129:2003 Geneva Accord 2107:The New York Times 2033: 2006:Road map for peace 1769:two-state solution 1721:self-determination 1664:Geneva Conventions 1649: 1634:Scope of the issue 1424:Symbols and memory 1224:Transfer Committee 1173:1948 Palestine war 1095:In November 2012, 1065:Benjamin Netanyahu 1050: 953:Transfer Committee 828:1948 Palestine war 564:Two-state solution 541:One-state solution 407:Secondary concerns 310:Mitchell-led talks 214:1993 / 95 190:Camp David Accords 108:1948 Palestine war 68: 5124:Israeli apartheid 5086: 5085: 5047:Related templates 4727:978-3-540-68160-1 4708:978-0-8122-3927-0 4594:978-1-85984-517-2 4583:. Verso. p. 4545:Middle East Forum 4535:978-0-275-99643-7 4265:978-1-134-12814-3 4012:978-3-540-68160-1 3940:on 26 August 2014 3716:Khalidi, Rashid I 3148:Righteous Victims 2804:Righteous Victims 2421:Social Identities 2386:978-0-231-15336-2 2328:Middle East Forum 2222: 1976:Palestinian state 1551: 1550: 1411:Constantin Zureiq 1277:UN Resolution 194 976:Mandate Palestine 785:inalienable right 748: 747: 585:Geneva Initiative 418:Places of worship 379:Security concerns 328: 327: 250:Camp David Summit 200:Madrid Conference 127:international law 106:(a result of the 16:(Redirected from 5131: 4918:Present absentee 4792: 4785: 4778: 4769: 4768: 4731: 4712: 4688: 4669: 4660: 4641: 4640: 4620: 4601: 4582: 4568: 4548: 4539: 4518: 4499: 4470: 4469: 4467: 4465: 4450: 4444: 4443: 4441: 4439: 4427: 4418: 4414: 4408: 4407: 4405: 4403: 4397: 4390: 4382: 4376: 4370: 4361: 4355: 4349: 4343: 4334: 4333: 4322: 4316: 4315: 4313: 4311: 4296: 4290: 4289: 4276: 4270: 4269: 4243: 4237: 4236: 4220: 4214: 4213: 4205: 4199: 4198: 4176: 4170: 4169: 4151: 4142: 4141: 4138:American thinker 4129: 4123: 4122: 4120: 4118: 4104: 4098: 4097: 4096:on 4 April 2007. 4082: 4073: 4072: 4070: 4068: 4053: 4047: 4046: 4044: 4042: 4037:on 24 April 2009 4033:. Archived from 4023: 4017: 4016: 3986: 3980: 3979: 3977: 3975: 3956: 3950: 3949: 3947: 3945: 3936:. Archived from 3925: 3914: 3913: 3893: 3887: 3886: 3884: 3882: 3867: 3861: 3860: 3832: 3826: 3825: 3805: 3799: 3798: 3780: 3774: 3773: 3771: 3758: 3750: 3744: 3743: 3712: 3706: 3705: 3677: 3671: 3670: 3668: 3666: 3654: 3648: 3647: 3637: 3628: 3622: 3621: 3609: 3600: 3594: 3593: 3591: 3589: 3575:Ebeling, Richard 3571: 3565: 3564: 3562: 3560: 3545: 3539: 3538: 3519: 3513: 3512: 3492: 3483: 3482: 3480: 3478: 3463: 3457: 3456: 3428: 3419: 3413: 3404: 3403: 3401: 3399: 3384: 3378: 3377: 3375: 3373: 3358: 3352: 3351: 3349: 3347: 3332: 3326: 3325: 3323: 3321: 3306: 3300: 3299: 3298:on 13 July 2011. 3297: 3291:. Archived from 3290: 3282: 3276: 3275: 3261: 3255: 3254: 3252: 3250: 3241: 3232: 3226: 3225: 3207: 3201: 3200: 3186: 3180: 3172: 3166: 3165: 3143: 3137: 3134: 3128: 3121: 3115: 3114: 3112: 3110: 3100: 3094: 3093: 3082: 3076: 3075: 3073: 3071: 3056: 3050: 3049: 3047: 3045: 3037:Lustick, Ian S. 3034: 3028: 3022: 3016: 3010: 3004: 2998: 2992: 2986: 2980: 2912: 2906: 2905: 2903: 2901: 2886: 2880: 2879: 2867: 2854: 2848: 2847: 2845: 2843: 2828: 2819: 2813: 2807: 2797: 2791: 2785: 2779: 2773: 2767: 2761: 2755: 2749: 2743: 2737: 2731: 2725: 2719: 2713: 2707: 2701: 2695: 2689: 2683: 2682: 2680: 2673: 2664: 2658: 2652: 2646: 2645: 2643: 2641: 2622: 2611: 2610: 2608: 2606: 2590: 2584: 2583: 2563: 2557: 2551: 2545: 2539: 2533: 2527: 2521: 2515: 2509: 2508: 2497: 2491: 2490: 2488: 2486: 2474: 2468: 2467: 2465: 2463: 2451: 2445: 2444: 2416: 2410: 2404: 2395: 2394: 2370: 2364: 2363: 2357: 2355: 2340: 2334: 2333: 2322: 2320: 2305: 2296: 2295: 2284: 2278: 2277: 2265: 2248: 2235: 2234: 2229: 2217: 2215: 2207: 1948:ethnic cleansing 1907:Stig Jägerskiöld 1716:Stephen Halbrook 1708: 1688:human rights law 1684:state succession 1624:David Ben-Gurion 1543: 1536: 1529: 1272:Present absentee 1209:Arab–Israeli War 1119: 1112: 1111: 955:and a policy of 943:figures such as 740: 733: 726: 705: 697: 689: 681: 673: 667: 622: 614: 601:Trump Peace Plan 568: 545: 491: 455: 337:Primary concerns 186: 185: 175: 149: 148: 119:Folke Bernadotte 112:1967 Six-Day War 80:first-generation 21: 5139: 5138: 5134: 5133: 5132: 5130: 5129: 5128: 5089: 5088: 5087: 5082: 5073: 5042: 5026: 4963:Notable writers 4958: 4944:Battle of Haifa 4932: 4847: 4801: 4796: 4762:Wayback Machine 4739: 4734: 4728: 4709: 4693:Yiftachel, Oren 4685: 4657: 4637: 4617: 4609:. I.B. Tauris. 4595: 4536: 4515: 4496: 4479: 4474: 4473: 4463: 4461: 4451: 4447: 4437: 4435: 4428: 4421: 4415: 4411: 4401: 4399: 4398:on 2 April 2015 4395: 4388: 4384: 4383: 4379: 4373:Schechtman 1963 4371: 4364: 4358:Schechtman 1963 4356: 4352: 4346:Schechtman 1963 4344: 4337: 4324: 4323: 4319: 4309: 4307: 4298: 4297: 4293: 4288:. 16 June 2008. 4278: 4277: 4273: 4266: 4250:. p. 210. 4244: 4240: 4221: 4217: 4206: 4202: 4177: 4173: 4166: 4152: 4145: 4130: 4126: 4116: 4114: 4106: 4105: 4101: 4083: 4076: 4066: 4064: 4054: 4050: 4040: 4038: 4025: 4024: 4020: 4013: 3987: 3983: 3973: 3971: 3958: 3957: 3953: 3943: 3941: 3926: 3917: 3910: 3894: 3890: 3880: 3878: 3868: 3864: 3849:10.2307/2536786 3833: 3829: 3806: 3802: 3795: 3781: 3777: 3769: 3756: 3752: 3751: 3747: 3732:10.2307/2537217 3713: 3709: 3694:10.2307/2536718 3678: 3674: 3664: 3662: 3655: 3651: 3635: 3629: 3625: 3607: 3601: 3597: 3587: 3585: 3577:(26 May 2003). 3572: 3568: 3558: 3556: 3555:. 15 March 2007 3547: 3546: 3542: 3535: 3520: 3516: 3493: 3486: 3476: 3474: 3464: 3460: 3445:10.2307/2200460 3429: 3422: 3414: 3407: 3397: 3395: 3386: 3385: 3381: 3371: 3369: 3359: 3355: 3345: 3343: 3333: 3329: 3319: 3317: 3307: 3303: 3295: 3288: 3284: 3283: 3279: 3263: 3262: 3258: 3248: 3246: 3239: 3233: 3229: 3222: 3208: 3204: 3187: 3183: 3173: 3169: 3158: 3144: 3140: 3135: 3131: 3122: 3118: 3108: 3106: 3102: 3101: 3097: 3092:on 4 June 2011. 3084: 3083: 3079: 3069: 3067: 3057: 3053: 3043: 3041: 3035: 3031: 3023: 3019: 3011: 3007: 2999: 2995: 2987: 2983: 2913: 2909: 2899: 2897: 2887: 2883: 2876: 2855: 2851: 2841: 2839: 2830: 2829: 2822: 2814: 2810: 2798: 2794: 2786: 2782: 2774: 2770: 2762: 2758: 2750: 2746: 2738: 2734: 2726: 2722: 2714: 2710: 2702: 2698: 2690: 2686: 2678: 2671: 2669:"UN Doc. IS/33" 2667: 2665: 2661: 2653: 2649: 2639: 2637: 2624: 2623: 2614: 2604: 2602: 2591: 2587: 2580: 2564: 2560: 2552: 2548: 2540: 2536: 2530:Kimmerling 2003 2528: 2524: 2516: 2512: 2507:on 8 July 2012. 2499: 2498: 2494: 2484: 2482: 2475: 2471: 2461: 2459: 2452: 2448: 2417: 2413: 2405: 2398: 2387: 2371: 2367: 2353: 2351: 2341: 2337: 2318: 2316: 2307: 2306: 2299: 2286: 2285: 2281: 2266: 2262: 2257: 2252: 2251: 2208: 2204: 2199: 2174:Right of return 2140: 2025: 1999:Second Intifada 1936: 1765: 1725:Murray Rothbard 1711:Richard Ebeling 1706: 1703:property rights 1641: 1636: 1616:right of return 1609: 1607:Interpretations 1588: 1557: 1547: 1518: 1517: 1503: 1502: 1493: 1492: 1471: 1470: 1461: 1460: 1431:Palestinian key 1426: 1425: 1416: 1415: 1346: 1345: 1344:Notable writers 1336: 1335: 1309: 1308: 1299: 1298: 1265:Right of return 1243: 1242: 1231: 1230: 1197:Battle of Haifa 1168: 1141: 1140: 1110: 1093: 1091:Hometown return 1032: 1026: 998: 992: 957:faits accomplis 936: 930: 921: 915: 888:Operation Hiram 876:Operation Dekel 872:Operation Danny 864:Eastern Galilee 820: 814: 808: 753: 744: 715: 714: 711: 703: 695: 687: 683:Valley of Peace 679: 671: 661: 657: 643: 642: 639: 633: 629: 618: 615: 608: 605: 599: 595: 591: 587: 583: 579: 575: 561: 558: 554:Elon Peace Plan 552: 538: 534: 526: 525: 522: 506: 505: 487: 483: 482: 470: 451: 446: 438: 437: 408: 400: 399: 396: 365: 338: 330: 329: 320:Kerry-led talks 220:Hebron Protocol 183: 164: 153: 147: 84:right to return 42: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5137: 5127: 5126: 5121: 5116: 5111: 5106: 5101: 5084: 5083: 5078: 5075: 5074: 5072: 5071: 5066: 5061: 5056: 5050: 5048: 5044: 5043: 5041: 5040: 5034: 5032: 5028: 5027: 5025: 5024: 5017: 5012: 5007: 5002: 4997: 4992: 4987: 4982: 4977: 4972: 4966: 4964: 4960: 4959: 4957: 4956: 4951: 4946: 4940: 4938: 4934: 4933: 4931: 4930: 4928:Resolution 194 4925: 4920: 4915: 4910: 4905: 4900: 4895: 4890: 4885: 4884: 4883: 4873: 4872: 4871: 4866: 4855: 4853: 4849: 4848: 4846: 4845: 4840: 4835: 4830: 4828:New Historians 4825: 4820: 4815: 4809: 4807: 4803: 4802: 4795: 4794: 4787: 4780: 4772: 4766: 4765: 4752: 4746: 4738: 4737:External links 4735: 4733: 4732: 4726: 4713: 4707: 4689: 4683: 4670: 4661: 4655: 4642: 4635: 4621: 4615: 4602: 4593: 4569: 4540: 4534: 4519: 4513: 4505:Palestine 1948 4500: 4494: 4480: 4478: 4475: 4472: 4471: 4445: 4419: 4409: 4377: 4362: 4350: 4335: 4317: 4291: 4271: 4264: 4238: 4215: 4200: 4189:(4): 532–568. 4171: 4164: 4143: 4124: 4099: 4074: 4048: 4018: 4011: 3981: 3951: 3915: 3908: 3888: 3862: 3827: 3800: 3793: 3775: 3772:on 7 May 2006. 3745: 3707: 3672: 3649: 3640:Left and Right 3623: 3595: 3566: 3540: 3533: 3514: 3484: 3458: 3439:(3): 586–614. 3420: 3405: 3379: 3353: 3327: 3301: 3277: 3256: 3227: 3220: 3202: 3181: 3167: 3156: 3138: 3129: 3116: 3095: 3077: 3051: 3029: 3017: 3005: 2993: 2981: 2907: 2895:users.ox.ac.uk 2881: 2874: 2849: 2820: 2808: 2792: 2780: 2768: 2756: 2744: 2732: 2720: 2708: 2696: 2684: 2659: 2647: 2632:(in English). 2612: 2601:on 5 June 2003 2585: 2578: 2558: 2546: 2534: 2522: 2518:Yiftachel 2006 2510: 2492: 2469: 2446: 2427:(5): 637–660. 2411: 2396: 2385: 2365: 2335: 2313:The Algemeiner 2297: 2294:. 15 May 2005. 2279: 2259: 2258: 2256: 2253: 2250: 2249: 2201: 2200: 2198: 2195: 2194: 2193: 2188: 2183: 2176: 2171: 2166: 2161: 2156: 2151: 2146: 2139: 2136: 2122:Sari Nusseibeh 2060:Partition Plan 2024: 2021: 1935: 1932: 1889:Czechoslovakia 1826:from the Arab 1800: 1799: 1792: 1781: 1764: 1761: 1752: 1751: 1736:New Historians 1680: 1679: 1673: 1667: 1660: 1640: 1637: 1635: 1632: 1608: 1605: 1587: 1584: 1566:United Nations 1553:Main article: 1549: 1548: 1546: 1545: 1538: 1531: 1523: 1520: 1519: 1516: 1515: 1510: 1504: 1500: 1499: 1498: 1495: 1494: 1491: 1490: 1489: 1488: 1478: 1472: 1468: 1467: 1466: 1463: 1462: 1459: 1458: 1453: 1448: 1443: 1438: 1433: 1427: 1423: 1422: 1421: 1418: 1417: 1414: 1413: 1408: 1403: 1398: 1393: 1388: 1383: 1378: 1373: 1368: 1366:Rashid Khalidi 1363: 1358: 1353: 1347: 1343: 1342: 1341: 1338: 1337: 1334: 1333: 1332: 1331: 1321: 1319:New Historians 1316: 1310: 1306: 1305: 1304: 1301: 1300: 1297: 1296: 1291: 1286: 1285: 1284: 1274: 1269: 1268: 1267: 1257: 1256: 1255: 1244: 1238: 1237: 1236: 1233: 1232: 1229: 1228: 1227: 1226: 1221: 1216: 1206: 1205: 1204: 1199: 1194: 1189: 1178: 1177: 1176: 1167: 1166: 1161: 1156: 1150: 1149: 1148: 1142: 1138: 1137: 1136: 1133: 1132: 1126: 1125: 1121: 1120: 1109: 1106: 1092: 1089: 1041:en route from 1028:Main article: 1025: 1022: 994:Main article: 991: 988: 932:Main article: 929: 926: 917:Main article: 914: 911: 903:United Nations 884:Operation Yoav 810:Main article: 807: 804: 755:The number of 752: 749: 746: 745: 743: 742: 735: 728: 720: 717: 716: 713: 712: 710: 709: 701: 693: 685: 677: 668: 658: 649: 648: 645: 644: 641: 640: 638: 637: 623: 616: 606: 604: 603: 589:Lieberman Plan 569: 559: 557: 556: 546: 535: 532: 531: 528: 527: 524: 523: 521: 520: 515: 513:United Kingdom 509: 507: 504: 503: 498: 492: 486: 484: 481: 480: 474: 472:European Union 468: 463: 461:United Nations 456: 450: 447: 444: 443: 440: 439: 436: 435: 430: 425: 420: 415: 409: 406: 405: 402: 401: 398: 397: 395: 394: 388: 386: 381: 376: 371: 366: 364: 363: 358: 353: 348: 342: 339: 336: 335: 332: 331: 326: 325: 322: 316: 315: 312: 306: 305: 302: 296: 295: 292: 286: 285: 282: 276: 275: 272: 266: 265: 262: 256: 255: 252: 246: 245: 242: 236: 235: 232: 226: 225: 222: 216: 215: 212: 206: 205: 202: 196: 195: 192: 184: 181: 180: 177: 176: 168: 167: 159: 158: 146: 143: 52:Resolution 194 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5136: 5125: 5122: 5120: 5119:Statelessness 5117: 5115: 5112: 5110: 5107: 5105: 5102: 5100: 5097: 5096: 5094: 5081: 5076: 5070: 5067: 5065: 5062: 5060: 5057: 5055: 5052: 5051: 5049: 5045: 5039: 5036: 5035: 5033: 5029: 5023: 5022: 5018: 5016: 5013: 5011: 5008: 5006: 5003: 5001: 4998: 4996: 4993: 4991: 4988: 4986: 4985:Walid Khalidi 4983: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4971: 4968: 4967: 4965: 4961: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4947: 4945: 4942: 4941: 4939: 4937:Key incidents 4935: 4929: 4926: 4924: 4921: 4919: 4916: 4914: 4911: 4909: 4906: 4904: 4901: 4899: 4896: 4894: 4891: 4889: 4886: 4882: 4879: 4878: 4877: 4874: 4870: 4867: 4865: 4862: 4861: 4860: 4857: 4856: 4854: 4852:Main articles 4850: 4844: 4841: 4839: 4836: 4834: 4831: 4829: 4826: 4824: 4821: 4819: 4816: 4814: 4811: 4810: 4808: 4804: 4800: 4793: 4788: 4786: 4781: 4779: 4774: 4773: 4770: 4763: 4759: 4756: 4753: 4750: 4747: 4744: 4741: 4740: 4729: 4723: 4719: 4714: 4710: 4704: 4700: 4699: 4694: 4690: 4686: 4684:0-415-26820-6 4680: 4676: 4671: 4667: 4662: 4658: 4656:90-247-2594-1 4652: 4648: 4643: 4638: 4636:0-521-00967-7 4632: 4628: 4622: 4618: 4616:1-85043-289-9 4612: 4608: 4603: 4600: 4596: 4590: 4586: 4581: 4580: 4574: 4570: 4566: 4562: 4558: 4554: 4549:Reprinted as 4546: 4541: 4537: 4531: 4527: 4526: 4520: 4516: 4514:1-84519-075-0 4510: 4506: 4501: 4497: 4495:1-58826-202-2 4491: 4487: 4482: 4481: 4460: 4456: 4449: 4433: 4426: 4424: 4413: 4394: 4387: 4381: 4374: 4369: 4367: 4359: 4354: 4347: 4342: 4340: 4331: 4327: 4321: 4305: 4301: 4295: 4287: 4286: 4281: 4275: 4267: 4261: 4257: 4253: 4249: 4242: 4234: 4230: 4226: 4219: 4211: 4204: 4196: 4192: 4188: 4184: 4183: 4175: 4167: 4165:0-394-48564-5 4161: 4157: 4150: 4148: 4139: 4135: 4128: 4113: 4109: 4103: 4095: 4091: 4088:(June 2001). 4087: 4086:Karsh, Efraim 4081: 4079: 4063: 4059: 4052: 4036: 4032: 4028: 4022: 4014: 4008: 4004: 4000: 3996: 3992: 3985: 3969: 3965: 3961: 3955: 3939: 3935: 3931: 3924: 3922: 3920: 3911: 3909:9783039112982 3905: 3901: 3900: 3892: 3877: 3873: 3866: 3858: 3854: 3850: 3846: 3842: 3838: 3831: 3823: 3819: 3815: 3811: 3804: 3796: 3794:0-253-20873-4 3790: 3786: 3779: 3768: 3764: 3763: 3755: 3749: 3741: 3737: 3733: 3729: 3725: 3721: 3717: 3711: 3703: 3699: 3695: 3691: 3687: 3683: 3676: 3660: 3653: 3645: 3641: 3634: 3627: 3620:(4): 357–374. 3619: 3615: 3614: 3606: 3599: 3584: 3580: 3576: 3570: 3554: 3550: 3544: 3536: 3534:9780198256380 3530: 3526: 3518: 3510: 3506: 3502: 3498: 3491: 3489: 3473: 3469: 3462: 3454: 3450: 3446: 3442: 3438: 3434: 3427: 3425: 3417: 3412: 3410: 3393: 3389: 3383: 3368: 3364: 3357: 3342: 3338: 3331: 3315: 3311: 3305: 3294: 3287: 3281: 3274: 3270: 3266: 3260: 3245: 3238: 3231: 3223: 3221:9780826447647 3217: 3213: 3206: 3198: 3197: 3192: 3185: 3179: 3176: 3171: 3164: 3159: 3157:0-679-74475-4 3153: 3149: 3142: 3133: 3126: 3120: 3105: 3099: 3091: 3087: 3081: 3066: 3062: 3055: 3040: 3033: 3026: 3021: 3014: 3009: 3002: 2997: 2990: 2985: 2978: 2974: 2970: 2966: 2962: 2958: 2954: 2950: 2946: 2942: 2938: 2937: 2932: 2931:Walid Khalidi 2928: 2924: 2920: 2916: 2911: 2896: 2892: 2885: 2877: 2875:0-89608-601-1 2871: 2866: 2865: 2859: 2858:Chomsky, Noam 2853: 2837: 2833: 2827: 2825: 2817: 2812: 2805: 2801: 2796: 2789: 2784: 2778:, pp.415–423. 2777: 2772: 2765: 2760: 2754:, pp.423–436. 2753: 2748: 2741: 2736: 2730:, pp.248–252. 2729: 2724: 2718:, pp.233–240. 2717: 2712: 2705: 2700: 2694:, pp.138-139. 2693: 2688: 2677: 2670: 2663: 2657:, p. 141 2656: 2651: 2635: 2631: 2627: 2621: 2619: 2617: 2600: 2596: 2589: 2581: 2579:0-87609-194-X 2575: 2571: 2570: 2562: 2555: 2550: 2543: 2542:McDowall 1989 2538: 2531: 2526: 2519: 2514: 2506: 2502: 2496: 2480: 2473: 2457: 2450: 2442: 2438: 2434: 2430: 2426: 2422: 2415: 2408: 2403: 2401: 2393: 2392:resettlement. 2388: 2382: 2378: 2377: 2369: 2362: 2350: 2346: 2339: 2332: 2329: 2315:. 30 May 2012 2314: 2310: 2304: 2302: 2293: 2289: 2283: 2275: 2271: 2264: 2260: 2247: 2246: 2241: 2240: 2228: 2227: 2220: 2211: 2206: 2202: 2192: 2189: 2187: 2184: 2182: 2181: 2177: 2175: 2172: 2170: 2167: 2165: 2162: 2160: 2157: 2155: 2154:Law of Return 2152: 2150: 2147: 2145: 2142: 2141: 2135: 2132: 2130: 2125: 2123: 2120: 2115: 2113: 2108: 2104: 2099: 2095: 2093: 2092: 2087: 2083: 2079: 2075: 2070: 2068: 2067:Moshe Sharett 2065: 2061: 2057: 2052: 2049: 2045: 2041: 2036: 2029: 2020: 2017: 2015: 2011: 2010:Silvan Shalom 2007: 2002: 2000: 1996: 1991: 1988: 1984: 1979: 1977: 1973: 1969: 1963: 1961: 1957: 1953: 1949: 1943: 1941: 1931: 1927: 1924: 1920: 1916: 1911: 1908: 1903: 1900: 1899:Ruth Lapidoth 1896: 1894: 1890: 1886: 1882: 1879: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1855: 1851: 1850:Moshe Sharett 1847: 1846: 1845:fait accompli 1841: 1837: 1833: 1829: 1825: 1820: 1818: 1813: 1809: 1804: 1797: 1793: 1790: 1789:Ruth Lapidoth 1786: 1782: 1778: 1777: 1776: 1773: 1770: 1759: 1755: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1737: 1733: 1732: 1731: 1728: 1726: 1722: 1717: 1712: 1709:", professor 1704: 1700: 1695: 1691: 1689: 1685: 1677: 1674: 1671: 1668: 1665: 1661: 1658: 1654: 1653: 1652: 1645: 1631: 1629: 1625: 1619: 1617: 1612: 1603: 1598: 1595: 1593: 1583: 1581: 1577: 1572: 1570: 1567: 1563: 1556: 1544: 1539: 1537: 1532: 1530: 1525: 1524: 1522: 1521: 1514: 1511: 1509: 1506: 1505: 1497: 1496: 1487: 1486:Gaza genocide 1484: 1483: 1482: 1479: 1477: 1476:Ongoing Nakba 1474: 1473: 1465: 1464: 1457: 1454: 1452: 1449: 1447: 1444: 1442: 1439: 1437: 1434: 1432: 1429: 1428: 1420: 1419: 1412: 1409: 1407: 1404: 1402: 1399: 1397: 1394: 1392: 1389: 1387: 1384: 1382: 1379: 1377: 1374: 1372: 1371:Walid Khalidi 1369: 1367: 1364: 1362: 1359: 1357: 1354: 1352: 1349: 1348: 1340: 1339: 1330: 1327: 1326: 1325: 1322: 1320: 1317: 1315: 1312: 1311: 1303: 1302: 1295: 1294:Paraguay plan 1292: 1290: 1287: 1283: 1280: 1279: 1278: 1275: 1273: 1270: 1266: 1263: 1262: 1261: 1258: 1254: 1251: 1250: 1249: 1246: 1245: 1241: 1235: 1234: 1225: 1222: 1220: 1217: 1215: 1212: 1211: 1210: 1207: 1203: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1193: 1190: 1188: 1185: 1184: 1183: 1180: 1179: 1175: 1174: 1170: 1169: 1165: 1162: 1160: 1157: 1155: 1152: 1151: 1147: 1144: 1143: 1135: 1134: 1131: 1128: 1127: 1123: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1113: 1105: 1102: 1098: 1088: 1086: 1081: 1079: 1074: 1070: 1066: 1061: 1057: 1055: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1039:Yemenite Jews 1036: 1031: 1021: 1019: 1015: 1014:Golan Heights 1011: 1007: 1003: 997: 987: 985: 981: 977: 973: 968: 964: 962: 958: 954: 950: 946: 941: 935: 925: 920: 910: 906: 904: 899: 897: 893: 890:to chase the 889: 885: 881: 880:Arab Israelis 877: 873: 869: 865: 861: 857: 853: 849: 845: 841: 837: 831: 829: 825: 819: 813: 803: 799: 797: 793: 788: 786: 782: 776: 771: 769: 764: 762: 758: 741: 736: 734: 729: 727: 722: 721: 719: 718: 708: 702: 700: 694: 692: 686: 684: 678: 676: 670: 669: 666: 665: 660: 659: 656: 652: 647: 646: 636: 632: 631:Disengagement 628: 625: 624: 621: 617: 613: 612: 607: 602: 598: 594: 590: 586: 582: 578: 574: 571: 570: 567: 565: 560: 555: 551: 548: 547: 544: 542: 537: 536: 530: 529: 519: 516: 514: 511: 510: 508: 502: 499: 497: 494: 493: 490: 485: 478: 475: 473: 469: 467: 466:United States 464: 462: 458: 457: 454: 453:The "Quartet" 449: 448: 442: 441: 434: 431: 429: 426: 424: 421: 419: 416: 414: 411: 410: 404: 403: 393: 390: 389: 387: 385: 382: 380: 377: 375: 372: 370: 367: 362: 359: 357: 354: 352: 349: 347: 346:Final borders 344: 343: 341: 340: 334: 333: 323: 321: 317: 313: 311: 307: 303: 301: 297: 293: 291: 287: 283: 281: 277: 273: 271: 267: 263: 261: 257: 253: 251: 247: 243: 241: 237: 233: 231: 227: 223: 221: 217: 213: 211: 207: 203: 201: 197: 193: 191: 187: 179: 178: 174: 170: 169: 166: 165:peace process 161: 160: 157: 151: 150: 142: 140: 134: 132: 131:Law of Return 128: 124: 120: 115: 113: 109: 105: 102:) during the 101: 97: 93: 89: 85: 81: 77: 73: 65: 61: 57: 53: 48: 44: 40: 33: 19: 5054:Palestinians 5019: 5010:Avraham Sela 4995:Benny Morris 4980:Efraim Karsh 4970:Aref al-Aref 4912: 4898:Nakba denial 4717: 4697: 4674: 4665: 4646: 4626: 4606: 4598: 4578: 4559:(2): 42–54. 4556: 4552: 4544: 4524: 4504: 4485: 4462:. Retrieved 4458: 4448: 4436:. Retrieved 4412: 4400:. Retrieved 4393:the original 4380: 4353: 4330:fr.jpost.com 4329: 4320: 4308:. Retrieved 4303: 4294: 4283: 4274: 4247: 4241: 4232: 4228: 4218: 4209: 4203: 4186: 4180: 4174: 4155: 4137: 4127: 4115:. Retrieved 4111: 4102: 4094:the original 4065:. Retrieved 4061: 4051: 4039:. Retrieved 4035:the original 4030: 4021: 3994: 3990: 3984: 3972:. Retrieved 3963: 3954: 3942:. Retrieved 3938:the original 3898: 3891: 3879:. Retrieved 3875: 3865: 3840: 3836: 3830: 3813: 3809: 3803: 3784: 3778: 3767:the original 3760: 3748: 3726:(2): 29–40. 3723: 3719: 3710: 3685: 3681: 3675: 3663:. Retrieved 3652: 3643: 3639: 3626: 3617: 3611: 3598: 3586:. Retrieved 3582: 3569: 3557:. Retrieved 3552: 3543: 3524: 3521:See further 3517: 3503:(3): 36–51. 3500: 3496: 3475:. Retrieved 3471: 3466:James Paul. 3461: 3436: 3432: 3418:, p. 99 3396:. Retrieved 3382: 3370:. Retrieved 3366: 3356: 3344:. Retrieved 3340: 3330: 3318:. Retrieved 3304: 3293:the original 3280: 3272: 3268: 3259: 3247:. Retrieved 3243: 3230: 3211: 3205: 3194: 3184: 3170: 3161: 3147: 3141: 3132: 3124: 3119: 3107:. Retrieved 3098: 3090:the original 3080: 3068:. Retrieved 3064: 3054: 3042:. Retrieved 3032: 3020: 3008: 2996: 2984: 2976: 2968: 2960: 2957:Benny Morris 2952: 2949:Efraim Karsh 2944: 2934: 2926: 2923:Benny Morris 2918: 2915:Benny Morris 2910: 2898:. Retrieved 2894: 2884: 2863: 2852: 2840:. Retrieved 2811: 2803: 2800:Benny Morris 2795: 2783: 2771: 2759: 2747: 2735: 2723: 2711: 2699: 2687: 2676:the original 2662: 2650: 2638:. Retrieved 2603:. Retrieved 2599:the original 2588: 2568: 2561: 2556:, p. 81 2549: 2544:, p. 84 2537: 2532:, p. 23 2525: 2520:, p. 58 2513: 2505:the original 2495: 2483:. Retrieved 2472: 2460:. Retrieved 2449: 2424: 2420: 2414: 2390: 2375: 2368: 2359: 2352:. Retrieved 2348: 2338: 2324: 2317:. Retrieved 2312: 2282: 2273: 2263: 2244: 2243: 2238: 2237: 2225: 2205: 2178: 2169:Repatriation 2133: 2126: 2116: 2106: 2100: 2096: 2089: 2071: 2053: 2037: 2034: 2018: 2014:Ariel Sharon 2003: 1995:Oslo Accords 1992: 1980: 1964: 1944: 1937: 1928: 1912: 1904: 1897: 1893:World War II 1866:Soviet Union 1843: 1832:North Africa 1821: 1817:fifth column 1812:Benny Morris 1808:Efraim Karsh 1805: 1801: 1774: 1766: 1757: 1753: 1729: 1696: 1692: 1681: 1650: 1620: 1613: 1610: 1600: 1596: 1589: 1573: 1558: 1401:Avraham Sela 1381:Benny Morris 1361:Efraim Karsh 1351:Aref al-Aref 1324:Nakba denial 1264: 1171: 1145: 1101:Mahmud Abbas 1094: 1082: 1062: 1058: 1051: 999: 969: 965: 956: 952: 937: 922: 907: 900: 832: 821: 800: 789: 778: 773: 765: 754: 662: 619: 609: 562: 539: 373: 361:Jewish state 210:Oslo Accords 135: 116: 71: 69: 51: 43: 4990:Nur Masalha 4975:Yoav Gelber 4402:24 November 3816:(1): 5–19. 3688:(4): 3–26. 3646:(3): 20–30. 3416:Bowker 2003 3175:Bowker 2003 2965:Yoav Gelber 2941:Nur Masalha 2655:Schulz 2003 2640:5 September 2605:7 September 2554:Bowker 2003 2048:citizenship 1956:Deir Yassin 1950:during the 1828:Middle East 1391:Edward Said 1376:Nur Masalha 1356:Yoav Gelber 1018:Six-Day War 1002:Six-Day War 1000:During the 974:of land in 945:Yosef Weitz 894:from North 635:Realignment 489:Arab League 433:Electricity 270:Taba Summit 123:human right 5093:Categories 5015:Avi Shlaim 5000:Ilan Pappé 4838:Plan Dalet 4806:Background 4434:. BBC News 3661:. BBC News 2979:, OneWorld 2973:Ilan Pappé 2255:References 2180:Sol Phryne 2144:Cham issue 1891:following 1854:Arab world 1780:Including: 1772:possible. 1406:Avi Shlaim 1386:Ilan Pappé 1187:Plan Dalet 1146:Background 1099:President 1078:Ehud Barak 1010:Gaza Strip 949:Ezra Danin 940:Golda Meir 848:Beit-Shean 816:See also: 577:Allon Plan 145:Background 110:) and the 5005:Tom Segev 4893:Nakba Day 4833:Palestine 4041:25 August 3843:(3): 21. 2441:143510358 2239:al-ʻAwdah 2219:romanized 1794:That the 1576:Palestine 1441:Nakba Day 1396:Tom Segev 1329:Nakba Law 1307:Discourse 1006:West Bank 573:Fahd Plan 533:Proposals 60:Such keys 4758:Archived 4695:(2006). 4575:(2003). 4464:13 March 4438:13 March 4310:13 March 4117:13 March 4067:13 March 3968:Archived 3944:13 March 3881:13 March 3665:13 March 3588:13 March 3477:13 March 3398:9 August 3392:Archived 3372:13 March 3346:13 March 3320:13 March 3249:13 March 3109:20 April 3070:13 March 3044:13 March 3027:, p.334. 3015:, p.312. 3003:, p.311. 2975:, 2006, 2967:, 2006, 2959:, 2004, 2955:, Cass; 2951:, 1997, 2943:, 1992, 2933:, 1992, 2925:, 1991, 2917:, 1989, 2900:13 March 2860:(1983). 2836:Archived 2790:, p.492. 2766:, p.438. 2742:, p.448. 2634:Archived 2485:13 March 2462:13 March 2354:13 March 2186:Thawabit 2138:See also 2074:chairman 2040:American 1968:far-left 1921:and the 1878:Pakistan 1864:and the 1666:of 1949. 1446:Land Day 1214:Timeline 1071:and the 1012:and the 868:Ramallah 844:Tiberias 751:Overview 651:Projects 280:Road Map 94:and the 88:property 62:and the 4743:Al Awda 4477:Sources 4112:Haaretz 3974:8 March 3857:2536786 3762:Haaretz 3740:2537217 3702:2536718 3559:15 June 3453:2200460 3367:Haaretz 3341:Haaretz 3269:Haaretz 3196:Haaretz 3163:Heights 2991:, p.311 2842:14 June 2818:, p.538 2706:, p.262 2274:Haaretz 2245:al-Awda 2221:: 2080:of the 2076:of the 2054:In the 1885:Germans 1740:Haganah 1590:Within 1469:Ongoing 1436:Handala 896:Galilee 836:Haganah 627:Hafrada 550:Isratin 324:2013–14 314:2010–11 182:History 78:, both 64:Handala 4881:causes 4724: 4705: 4681: 4653: 4633: 4613: 4591: 4532: 4511: 4492: 4417:A/2978 4262: 4162: 4009: 3906: 3855: 3791: 3738: 3700: 3531: 3451: 3218: 3154: 2872: 2576: 2439: 2383: 2319:31 May 2233:العودة 2210:Arabic 1881:border 1870:Hindus 1862:Poland 1628:Israel 1564:. The 1314:Causes 1047:Israel 1008:, the 984:dunams 972:dunams 704: 696: 688: 680: 672: 518:France 501:Jordan 477:Russia 92:Israel 4888:UNRWA 4799:Nakba 4396:(PDF) 4389:(PDF) 3993:[ 3853:JSTOR 3770:(PDF) 3757:(PDF) 3736:JSTOR 3698:JSTOR 3636:(PDF) 3608:(PDF) 3449:JSTOR 3296:(PDF) 3289:(PDF) 3240:(PDF) 3178:p. 81 2679:(PDF) 2672:(PDF) 2437:S2CID 2197:Notes 2103:UNRWA 2078:board 1887:from 1874:India 1838:—the 1783:That 1748:Irgun 1697:Some 1501:Lists 1282:UNRWA 1253:Camps 1130:Nakba 980:Negev 856:Jaffa 852:Safed 840:Haifa 496:Egypt 428:Water 4722:ISBN 4703:ISBN 4679:ISBN 4651:ISBN 4631:ISBN 4611:ISBN 4589:ISBN 4530:ISBN 4509:ISBN 4490:ISBN 4466:2024 4440:2024 4404:2012 4312:2024 4260:ISBN 4160:ISBN 4119:2024 4069:2024 4043:2009 4007:ISBN 3976:2011 3946:2024 3904:ISBN 3883:2024 3789:ISBN 3667:2024 3590:2024 3561:2007 3529:ISBN 3479:2024 3400:2017 3374:2024 3348:2024 3322:2024 3251:2024 3216:ISBN 3152:ISBN 3111:2023 3072:2024 3046:2024 2902:2024 2870:ISBN 2844:2007 2642:2007 2607:2017 2574:ISBN 2487:2024 2464:2024 2381:ISBN 2356:2024 2321:2012 2127:The 1830:and 1746:and 1744:Lehi 1686:and 1662:The 1043:Aden 947:and 901:The 860:Acre 858:and 822:The 779:The 655:NGOs 304:2007 294:2005 284:2003 274:2001 264:2000 254:2000 244:1999 234:1998 224:1997 204:1991 194:1978 154:the 70:The 4561:doi 4252:doi 4191:doi 3999:doi 3845:doi 3818:doi 3728:doi 3690:doi 3505:doi 3441:doi 2429:doi 2292:CBC 2242:or 2091:sic 1045:to 787:". 5095:: 4597:. 4587:. 4585:23 4557:34 4555:. 4457:. 4422:^ 4365:^ 4338:^ 4328:. 4302:. 4282:. 4258:. 4233:34 4231:. 4227:. 4185:. 4146:^ 4136:. 4110:. 4077:^ 4060:. 4029:. 4005:. 3962:. 3932:. 3918:^ 3874:. 3851:. 3841:16 3839:. 3814:22 3812:. 3759:. 3734:. 3724:21 3722:. 3696:. 3686:16 3684:. 3642:. 3638:. 3616:. 3610:. 3581:. 3551:. 3501:31 3499:. 3487:^ 3470:. 3447:. 3437:72 3435:. 3423:^ 3408:^ 3365:. 3339:. 3267:. 3242:. 3193:. 3160:. 3063:. 2893:. 2823:^ 2802:, 2628:. 2615:^ 2435:. 2425:14 2423:. 2399:^ 2389:. 2358:. 2347:. 2323:. 2311:. 2300:^ 2290:. 2272:. 2236:, 2216:, 2212:: 1742:, 854:, 850:, 846:, 842:, 4791:e 4784:t 4777:v 4730:. 4711:. 4687:. 4659:. 4639:. 4619:. 4567:. 4563:: 4547:. 4538:. 4517:. 4498:. 4468:. 4442:. 4406:. 4332:. 4314:. 4268:. 4254:: 4235:. 4197:. 4193:: 4187:8 4168:. 4140:. 4121:. 4071:. 4045:. 4015:. 4001:: 3978:. 3948:. 3912:. 3885:. 3859:. 3847:: 3824:. 3820:: 3797:. 3742:. 3730:: 3704:. 3692:: 3669:. 3644:3 3618:5 3592:. 3563:. 3537:. 3511:. 3507:: 3481:. 3455:. 3443:: 3402:. 3376:. 3350:. 3324:. 3253:. 3224:. 3199:. 3113:. 3074:. 3048:. 2904:. 2878:. 2846:. 2644:. 2609:. 2582:. 2489:. 2466:. 2443:. 2431:: 2409:. 2276:. 1876:– 1750:. 1707:' 1542:e 1535:t 1528:v 739:e 732:t 725:v 566:: 543:: 479:) 459:( 41:. 34:. 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Knowledge

Palestinian right of return

Index