1824:: The law that regulates this right is n. 91 of 5 February 1992. Article 4 paragraph 2 grants this possibility to a person born in Italy, who has legally resided there without interruption until reaching the age of 18, and becomes a citizen if they declare that they wish to acquire Italian citizenship within one year from the aforementioned date. They can make use of this right by submitting a simple declaration of will to the Civil Status Office of their municipality of residence. It is important to know that the Municipality of belonging is required, according to article 33 of Law 98/2013, to inform foreign citizens, during the 6 months preceding the age of 18, of the possibility of applying for Italian citizenship by the age of 19. In the absence of such communication, the request can be made even after the age of 19. In the event that, despite having been born in Italy, one has not had continuous residence from birth, but has resided in Italy for at least three years, at the age of 18, the application can be presented at the Prefecture with all the necessary documentation. Furthermore, in application of art. 1 of the same law and which aims to prevent statelessness, in Italy the
1960:: After 31 December 1984, the following conditions apply: "The child's mother has Dutch nationality at the time of birth, or the child's parents both have Dutch nationality at the time of birth, or the father of the child has Dutch nationality at the time of birth and is married/registered partner to the non-Dutch mother or acknowledged the child, or the child and the child's mother have their principal residence in the Kingdom of the Netherlands at the time of birth. One of the mother's parents also had her main residence in the Kingdom on the day the mother was born, or the child and the child's father have their principal residence in the Kingdom of the Netherlands at the time of birth. One of the father's parents also had his main residence in The Kingdom on the day the father was born."
697:: Subsection 3(2) of the Citizenship Act states that Canadian citizenship by birth in Canada – including Canadian airspace and territorial waters – is granted to a child born in Canada even if neither parent was a Canadian citizen or permanent resident except if either parent was a diplomat, in service to a diplomat, or employed by an international agency of equal status to a diplomat. However, if neither parent was a diplomat, the nationality or immigration status of the parents do not matter. Some Conservative Party members wish to end birthright citizenship in Canada to the children of tourists and unauthorized immigrants.
1505:: Article 976(4) of the Civil Code of Iran grants citizenship at birth to persons born in Iran of foreign parents if one or both of the parents were themselves born in Iran. Article 976(5) People born in Iran of a father of foreign nationality who have resided at least one more year in Iran immediately after reaching the full age of 18; in other cases their naturalization as Iranian subjects will be subject to the stipulations for Iranian naturalization laid down by the law. New legislation passed by the Iranian Parliament in 2012 grants permanent residency to children born to Iranian mothers and foreign fathers. See
4672:"Article 1 A child of foreigner parents born in Greece acquires the right to Greek nationality under the following preconditions: a) He/she has enrolled in the first grade of elementary school and is still attending Greek school at the time the application-declaration of paragraph 2 is being lodged. b) One of their parents has been living legally and continuously for at least five (5) years in the country before the child was born. In case the child was born before this five year period had been completed, then the necessary period of legal and continuous residence of the parents is extended to ten (10) years." See,
1284:
2809:"The following persons shall become citizens at the date of their birth on or after 1st November 1981– a. every person born in Antigua and Barbuda: Provided that a person shall not become a citizen by virtue of this paragraph if at the time of his birth- i. neither of his parents is a citizen and either of them possess such immunity from suit and legal process as is accorded to the envoy of a foreign sovereign power accredited to Antigua and Barbuda; or ii. either of his parents is a citizen of a country with which Her Majesty is at war and the birth occurs in a place then under occupation by that country."
3613:
636:, "any child born within the borders of the United Republic of Tanzania, on or after Union Day, 26 April 1964, is granted citizenship of Tanzania, except for children of foreign diplomats." While Tanzania technically observes birthright citizenship, it is official practice that birth in Tanzania has to be further supported by descent from a Tanzanian parent to be recognized as a citizen by birth. This practice has gone uncontested in courts of law. Also, dual citizenship is not allowed after turning 18 years old. At 18 years old, Tanzanian citizenship will cease unless other citizenships are renounced.
2636:"de la nationalité d'origine – CHAPITRE II – Art. 13 – L'option prévue aux articles 11 et 12 s'exerce à l'âge de dix-huit ans révolus. Toutefois, lorsque cette option est motivée par une reconnaissance postérieure à la majorité, l'intéressé doit l'exercer dans le délai d'un an qui suit la reconnaissance." (Translation: "The options presented in articles 11 and 12 deploy themselves at 18 years of age. However, if an individual recognizes their ability to follow these options after majority has been reached, a delay of 1 year must take place from the recognition before the options can be pursued.")
2997:: "Every person born in Dominica after the commencement of this Constitution shall become a citizen of Dominica at the date of his birth: Provided that a person shall not become a citizen of Dominica by virtue of this section if at the time of his birth- a) neither of his parents is a citizen of Dominica and his father possesses such immunity from suit and legal process as is accorded to the enjoyment of a foreign sovereign power accredited to Dominica; or b) his father is a citizen of a country with which Dominica is at war and the birth occurs in a place then under occupation by that country."
883:
2580:"de la nationalité d'origine – CHAPITRE II – Art. 12 – Sont Tchadiens: Les enfants nés au Tchad de parents étrangers; toutefois, ils peuvent, si les deux ascendants ont la même nationalité, opter pour cette nationalité; ce droit d'option ne peut s'exercer que si la législation du pays dont les ascendants sont nationaux le permet." (Translation: "Chadian citizens include: Children born in Chad of foreign parents; however, if both parents have the same nationality, they (the children) can opt for the parents' nationality, if the legislation of their parents' country permits it.")
2828:: "Every person born in Barbados after 29th November 1966 shall become a citizen of Barbados at the date of his birth: Provided that a person shall not become a citizen of Barbados by virtue of this section if at the time of his birth – a. his father possesses such immunity from suit and legal process as is accorded to an envoy of a foreign sovereign state accredited to Her Majesty in right of Her Government in Barbados and neither of his parents is a citizen of Barbados; or b. his father is an enemy alien and the birth occurs in a place then under occupation by the enemy."
3621:
1973:
1355:
1632:
857:
689:
896:
649:
1477:
persons of
Chinese ethnicity (wholly or partly) with PRC nationality born in Hong Kong are PRC nationals with Hong Kong permanent residence, even if their parents are non-PRC citizens (e.g. overseas-born Chinese). Non-PRC citizens born to non-PRC citizen Hong Kong permanent resident parents in Hong Kong also receive permanent residence of Hong Kong at birth. Other persons must have "ordinarily resided" in Hong Kong for seven continuous years in order to gain permanent residence (Articles 24(2) and 24(5)).
1848:
application, and if at least one of their parents lived in
Luxembourg uninterrupted for at least 12 months immediately preceding their birth. Furthermore, a person born in Luxembourg to foreign, non-Luxembourg-born parents gains Luxembourg citizenship automatically upon reaching the age of 18, provided that they have lived uninterrupted in Luxembourg for the preceding 5 years and at least one of their parents lived uninterrupted in Luxembourg for at least 12 months immediately preceding their birth.
909:
1934:
1952:
2009:
2021:
1302:
2070:
1991:
870:
748:
7628:
6343:
1435:
1124:
1005:
703:
1835:
663:
1598:
1087:
1615:
1176:
831:
1483:
774:
3402:, Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada (9 September 2010): "With respect to natural citizens, Uruguay's Constitution states: 'll men and women born at any place within the territory of the Republic are natural citizens. Children of Uruguayan fathers or mothers are also natural citizens, wherever they may have been born, provided that they take up residence in the country and register themselves in the Civil Register.' (Uruguay 1996, Art. 74)"
1580:
1421:
1112:
787:
735:
1876:
1655:
1381:
624:
1908:
1766:
1407:
1334:
1061:
1017:
800:
761:
1744:
1266:
1252:
813:
611:
2053:: A person who was born in India from 26 January 1950 until 1 July 1987 is a citizen by birth, regardless of the parents' nationality. It was restricted in 1987 to people with at least one parent who was a citizen. As of today, a person born in India is a citizen only if at least one parent is a citizen, and the other parent is a citizen or a legal migrant. These measures were brought in largely in reaction to illegal migration from
1515:
1156:
1074:
676:
844:
278:
1547:
1043:
1320:
1854:
1238:
721:
1715:
1099:
1030:
598:
1143:
1497:
1689:
2046:
1816:
1890:
1533:
928:, ratified in 1868, provides: "All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside." The concept of birthright citizenship applying to the child born of a foreign national in the country without proper credentials has never been formally litigated, but the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in
1884:: A child born in Portuguese territory to parents who do not possess another nationality is a Portuguese citizen. Also, a person born to foreign parents who were not serving their respective states at the time of birth is a Portuguese citizen if the person declares that they want to be Portuguese and provided that one of the parents has resided in Portugal for at least one year at the time of birth.
934:(1898) allowed the government to deny citizenship to U.S.-born children only in the cases of children born to foreign diplomats and children born to enemy forces engaged in hostile occupation of the country's territory, and, thus, this decision is most often interpreted as barring the government from denying citizenship to those born in the U.S. based on the alienage of their parents. (See
2084:
2847:: "24. Every person born in Belize on or after Independence Day shall become a citizen of Belize at the date of his birth: Provided that a person shall not become a citizen of Belize by virtue of this section if at the time of his birth- his father or mother is a citizen of a country with which Belize is at war and the birth occurs in a place then under occupation by that country"
1760:
shall acquire the right of Greek nationality with a combination of preliminary school attendance and parents' legal residence in Greece (5 years, 10 if the child is born prior to 5 years of legal residence). One year after the implementation of the law (as from July 2016), 6,029 children had been granted Greek nationality, out of 27,720 submitted applications.
1942:: Since 1 January 1983, at least one parent must be a British citizen or be legally "settled" in the country for a child born in the UK to automatically be a British citizen. If neither parent is British or settled, then a child born in the UK can apply for British citizenship if they have spent the first ten years of their life in the UK (see
1705:). A child born in France to foreign parents becomes a French citizen automatically upon turning 18, provided that they reside in France on their 18th birthday and have had their primary residence in France for a total (but not necessarily continuous) period of at least 5 years since the age of 11. Children born in France to two
4651:
1774:: On 1 January 2005, the law was amended to require that at least one of the parents be an Irish citizen; a British citizen; a resident with a permanent right to reside in Ireland or in Northern Ireland; or a legal resident residing three of the last four years in the country (excluding students and asylum seekers) (see
1862:: A person born in Malta on or after 1 August 1989 is automatically a Maltese citizen if at least one of their parents is Maltese or was born in Malta. Anyone born in Malta before 1 August 1989, regardless of their parents' circumstances, is automatically a Maltese citizen, as the country conferred unconditional
1733:, but now children born in Germany on or after 1 January 2000 to non-German parents acquire German citizenship at birth if at least one parent has a permanent residence permit (and had this status for at least three years) and resided in Germany for at least eight years prior to the child's birth. However,
1701:) to at least one parent who is either (i) a French national or (ii) born in France, are automatically granted French nationality at birth. Children born in France to foreign parents who do not fulfil either of these two conditions may acquire citizenship from age 13 subject to residence conditions (see
4632:
e.g., child born in Greece to alien parents after coming of age (Nationality law of 1835, Article 2), child born in Greece of unknown father and mother (Greek Civil Law of 1856, Article 14, Paragraph c), child born in Greece and not automatically acquiring another nationality (Greek
Nationality Code
3440:
Every child born in Fiji on or after the date of commencement of this
Constitution becomes a citizen at the date of birth unless, at the date of birth: (a) a parent of the child has the diplomatic immunity accorded to envoys of foreign sovereign powers accredited to Fiji; and (b) neither parent is a
1847:
if at least one of their parents was also born in
Luxembourg. Additionally, a person born in Luxembourg to foreign, non-Luxembourg-born parents can become a Luxembourg citizen from the age of 12 if they have resided uninterrupted in Luxembourg for at least 5 years immediately prior to submitting the
1828:
is applied in other cases: – by birth in Italy of unknown or stateless parents; – by birth on
Italian territory of foreign parents unable to transmit their citizenship to the subject according to the law of the country of origin; – the child of unknown persons found in the territory of the Republic
1476:
clarified that the parents need not have right of abode and as a consequence many women from
Mainland China began coming to Hong Kong to give birth. By 2008, the number of babies in the territory born to Mainland China mothers had grown to twenty-five times the number five years prior. Furthermore,
1759:
of 2004 states that "A person born in Greek territory acquires by birth the Greek nationality if not acquiring alien nationality or is of unknown nationality". Additionally, as from 2015's amendment of 2004 Cod (Law 4332 of 2015, G.G. A/76/9 July 2015), a child born in Greece by foreign parents,
4026:
CHAPTER II KHMER NATIONALITY/CITIZENSHIP BY BIRTH Promulgated on 9 October 1996, "...shall obtain Khmer nationality/citizenship, by having been born in the
Kingdom of Cambodia: a. any child who is born from a foreign mother and father (parents) who were born and living legally in the Kingdom of
1667:
prior to 1972. Due to illegal immigration from Burma, the
Nationality Act was amended to require that both parents be legally resident and domiciled in Thailand for at least five years for their child to be granted Thai citizenship at birth. Furthermore, someone who has Thai citizenship by sole
1981:: Since 20 August 1986, a person born in Australia acquires Australian citizenship by birth only if at least one parent was an Australian citizen or permanent resident; or else after living the first ten years of their life in Australia, regardless of their parents' citizenship status (see
3049:
CONSTITUCIÓN POLÍTICA DE LA REPÚBLICA DE PANAMÁ DE 1972, REFORMADA POR LOS ACTOS REFORMATORIOS DE 1978, Y POR EL ACTO CONSTITUCIONAL DE 1983 – TITULO II: NACIONALIDAD Y EXTRANJERIA: ARTICULO 8. La nacionalidad panameña se adquiere por el nacimiento, por la naturalización o por disposición
2540:. Paris: June/July 1994., Iss. 188; pg. 24, 3 pgs (Cites legislation for Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom and the United States)
4643:
1393:
grants
Colombian nationality by birth provided that at least one of the parents is a Colombian national or a legal resident. By presidential decree, in August 2019 nationality was granted to children of Venezuelan migrants born in Colombia regardless of residential status of their
1367:
was amended on 26 January 2010. The amendment broadened the definition of the 2004 migration law – which excluded from citizenship children born to individuals that were "in transit" – to include "non-residents" (including individuals with expired residency visas and undocumented
969:
in the United States – particularly for children born to persons unlawfully present in the country. However, this may be difficult to accomplish, as the general consensus among American lawyers and legal scholars, regardless of personal ideology, is that the 14th Amendment grants
1737:
citizens will lose their German citizenship upon turning 23 unless they: (i) reside in Germany for at least 8 years during their first 21 years of life; or (ii) attend school in Germany for at least 6 years; or (iii) graduate from high school/college in Germany; or (iv) complete
3382:
without recent changes) Article 10.- "Chileans are: 1.- Persons born in the territory of Chile, with the exception of those children of foreigners who are in Chile serving their government, as well as those children of transient foreigners. However, all may opt for the Chilean
4286:
960:
From 24 January 2020, the Trump administration adopted a new policy to make it more difficult for foreign nationals to obtain a nonimmigrant visa to travel to the U.S. to give birth on U.S. soil to ensure their children become U.S. citizens, a practice commonly known as
2927:: "The following are Costa Ricans by birth: ...2. A child born abroad to a born Costa Rican father or mother, who is registered as such in the Civil Register by the will of the Costa Rican parent during its minority, or by his own will up to the age of twenty-five..."
3016:: "Every person born in Jamaica shall become a citizen of Jamaica – a. on the sixth day of August 1962, in the case of a person born before that date; b. on the date of his birth, in the case of a person born on or after the sixth day of August 1962."
1054:
grants nationality to "those born in Chilean territory, with the exception of the children of foreigners who are in Chile in service of their government, and the children of transient foreigners, all of which, however, may opt for the Chilean
1605:: A person born in Mongolia to foreign parents with valid residency permits can apply for Mongolian nationality when they turn the age of 16. A child in Mongolian territory with unidentified parents can receive Mongolian citizenship (see
3036:
Capítulo II De los Mexicanos – Artículo 30. La nacionalidad mexicana se adquiere por nacimiento o por naturalización A) Son mexicanos por nacimiento: I. Los que nazcan en territorio de la República, sea cual fuere la nacionalidad de sus
824:
states that persons born in Mexican territory are natural-born citizens of Mexico regardless of their parents' nationality. The definition of "territory" includes vessels/aircraft flagged to Mexico travelling in international waters or
1999:: Since 1 January 2006, a person born in New Zealand acquires New Zealand citizenship by birth only if at least one parent was a New Zealand citizen or permanent resident (includes Australian citizens and Permanent Residents) (see
4278:
506:, along with the emergence of successful wars of independence movements that widened the definition and granting of citizenship, as a prerequisite to the abolishment of slavery since the 19th century. Outside the Americas,
2629:
2573:
991:
at birth (they are non-citizen U.S. nationals, unless one of their parents is a U.S. citizen). In 2019, a federal court ruled that American Samoans are U.S. citizens, but the ruling was put on hold, and the litigation is
3289:
Article 12a of the Federal Constitution (translated) says that Brazilians include, "a) those born in the Federative Republic of Brazil, even if of foreign parents, provided they are not in the service of your country".
4899:
2383:
1342:: Individuals born in Tunisia are citizens by birth if their father and grandfather were born in Tunisia. Additionally, the person must declare before becoming an adult (20 years) that they want to be a citizen.
1626:; the primary law governing nationality regulations is the Pakistan Citizenship Act, 1951. Individuals born in the country are automatically citizens at birth, however there are some exceptions to refugees.
1491:: Children birth in Indonesia. It can also be granted to a permanent resident who has lived in Indonesia for a given period of time through naturalization, as long as the parents are stateless, or unknown.
1328:: A person born before 1994 gains Sudanese nationality at birth if his father was also born in Sudan. If his father was not born in Sudan, they can apply to the Minister to be granted Sudanese nationality.
4491:
1523:: Children born in Israel who have never acquired another citizenship are eligible to apply for Israeli citizenship between their 18th and 21st birthday if they have lived in Israel for over 5 years (see
1429:: In 1996, Cambodia changed the law to grant citizenship to children born to foreign parents only if they are living legally in the Kingdom of Cambodia (under Article 4(2)(a) of the 1996 Nationality Law).
1644:
citizenship, even those living abroad, can acquire Taiwanese nationality at birth. Children born in Taiwan to stateless parents or have unknown parentage are considered Taiwanese nationals at birth (see
728:
On July 7, 2005, the Law Library indicated that individuals born outside Cuba to one Cuban citizen parent must have been physically present in Cuba for at least three months to be eligible to apply for
1446:, most political rights and eligibility for most benefits are conferred to permanent residents regardless of citizenship. Conversely, PRC citizens who are not permanent residents (such as residents of
1292:: A person born in São Tomé and Príncipe acquires São Toméan nationality, as long as the parents are residents of the country. The only exception is if any of the parents have diplomatic immunity (see
3959:
4760:
3026:
CONSTITUCIÓN POLÍTICA DE LOS ESTADOS UNIDOS MEXICANOS – Constitución publicada en el Diario Oficial de la federación el 5 de febrero de 1917 – TEXTO VIGENTE – Última reforma publicada DOF 07-07-2014
3847:
4790:
1902:
under certain conditions, for example, if either one of the parents was also born in Spain or if neither of the parents can transmit their nationality to the child (such as stateless parents).
3791:
4831:
2350:
2414:
3177:
3393:
Uruguay: Whether a person who obtained Uruguayan citizenship because her father was a citizen of Uruguay, can bring a dependent child to Uruguay; the status of the child in Uruguay
3070:
2707:
2626:
2570:
1246:: According to Article 4 of the Nationality Law of the Arab Republic of Egypt, children born in Egypt gain citizenship at birth if their father or mother was an Egyptian citizen.
4038:
3758:
3493:
Note: Section 3 pertains to children of foreign diplomats and section 4 the father was a citizen of a country with which Tuvalu was at war at the time when the person was born.
1206:
by requiring that at least one of the child's parents be a citizen, national or legal permanent resident of the state in question at time of the child's birth. Modification of
4907:
3300:
3208:
5693:
5598:
1588:: A person born in Malaysia on or after 16 September 1963 with at least one parent being a Malaysian citizen or permanent resident is automatically a Malaysian citizen (see
551:
similarly provides that "Every person has the right to the nationality of the state in whose territory he was born if he does not have the right to any other nationality."
3714:
1554:: Similar to Hong Kong, most political rights and eligibility for most benefits are conferred to permanent residents regardless of citizenship since the December 1999
5608:
5426:
4676:
5733:
5723:
4483:
511:
4078:
4019:
1562:. Becoming a Macau permanent resident has slightly different requirements depending on an individual's nationality. Acquisition by birth operates on a modified
1260:: A person who was born in Morocco to parents also born in Morocco and whose immigration is legal, can register as a Moroccan two years prior to becoming adult.
965:". Some citizens in the United States have often called for legislative reforms, including an amendment to the Citizenship Clause of the 14th Amendment, to end
4513:
3817:
3254:
2800:
Constitution of Antigua and Barbuda: CHAPTER VIII CITIZENSHIP | PERSONS WHO AUTOMATICALLY BECOME CITIZENS AFTER COMMENCEMENT OF THIS CONSTITUTION | Section 113
1310:: Since 6 October 1995, a person born in South Africa to South African citizens or permanent residents is automatically granted South African citizenship (see
921:
913:
6704:
3955:
3235:
3117:
4752:
3490:(1) Subject to subsections (3) and (4), a person born in Tuvalu on or after the date on which this Constitution took effect is a citizen of Tuvalu by birth.
1672:
may be stripped of Thai citizenship under various conditions (such as living abroad), which does not apply to people who have Thai citizenship by virtue of
1802:) citizenship to obtain permanent residence in the UK as parents of a dependent EU citizen. Ireland was the last country in Europe to abolish unrestricted
4586:
3575:
498:; explanations for this geographical phenomenon include: the establishment of lenient laws by past European colonial powers to entice immigrants from the
3877:
3414:
2968:"Updated agency interpretation of Cuban citizenship law for purposes of the Cuban Adjustment Act; rescission of Matter of Vazquez as an Adopted Decision"
1570:
there are automatically permanent residents, while those born to other foreign nationals must have at least one parent who possesses right of abode (see
4245:
Kassim, Anis F (2000). "The Palestinians: From Hyphenated to Integrated Citizenship". In Butenschøn, Nils A.; Davis, Uri; Hassassian, Manuel S. (eds.).
4194:
3839:
3505:
3060:"Son Panameños por nacimientos: 1) Los nacidos en el territorio nacional | (translation) Panamanians by Birth: 1) Those born in the national territory"
1274:: A person born in Namibia to a Namibian citizen parent or a foreign parent who is ordinarily resident in Namibia, is a Namibian citizen at birth (see
4782:
4223:
1924:
from parents, or if their parents have been granted refugee or asylum status in Ukraine, or if the child is stateless or of unknown nationality (see
264:
3475:
3453:
2783:
2261:
Solodoch, Omer; Sommer, Udi (2020). "Explaining the birthright citizenship lottery: Longitudinal and cross-national evidence for key determinants".
5062:
4728:
3780:
3336:
2967:
4814:
4552:
3933:
2920:
2553:(eds. Brian Opeskin, Richard Perruchoud & Jillyanne Redpath-Cross: Cambridge University Press, 2012), p. 99: "a well-established exception in
2648:
2341:
2990:
5368:
4700:
3052:
2464:
2406:
1459:
2441:
951:, has been at the center of a number of controversies and subject to various interpretations. Some of these interpretations entail a strict
6112:
3173:
3028:
2840:
540:
578:
is imposed when a child is born to a parent in the diplomatic or consular service of another state on a mission to the state in question.
7432:
7307:
6108:
3364:
3009:
2097:
944:
2696:
7317:
5413:
4972:
4144:
3599:
2703:
1472:
4461:
4053:
3750:
3039:(Translation: "Mexicans by birth are: I. Those born in the territory of the Republic, regardless of the nationality of their parents")
2896:
2557:
is that a child born to parents who are foreign diplomats does not automatically acquire the nationality of a host State that applies
7575:
3090:
6473:
5422:
3956:"Estado colombiano concede la nacionalidad a niños nacidos en Colombia, hijos de migrantes venezolanos, para proteger sus derechos"
3292:
3200:
2219:
4316:
3313:
a) os nascidos na República Federativa do Brasil, ainda que de pais estrangeiros, desde que estes não estejam a serviço de seu paí
2126:
Parties to the Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness are also obligated to grant nationality to people who are born aboard
7424:
7362:
3375:
7404:
6735:
6381:
5954:
5398:
5300:
5227:
4346:
3725:
2945:
1443:
1364:
7667:
7399:
6116:
4938:
4114:
3412:
Constitution of Venezuela (English translation) Chapter II, Nationality and Citizenship, Section One: Nationality, Article 32
2604:
257:
7409:
3431:
2214:
1415:: Children born to a foreign father with valid residency permits who himself was born in Bahrain have right to citizenship.
1037:(requires that the foreign parents are not working for their country's government in Brazil at the time the child is born).
4017:
Law on Nationality of 20 August 1996 (unofficial translation) published by the United Nations High Commission for Refugees
3395:
2802:
2673:
633:
7442:
5267:
4673:
3992:
3671:
2373:
548:
525:("right of blood"), in which nationality is inherited through parents rather than birthplace, or a restricted version of
4873:
4372:
2865:
7590:
7570:
7549:
5984:
5653:
5340:
3147:
1555:
4394:
4016:
2821:
7554:
7437:
7280:
6160:
6079:
5750:
4254:
4089:
3825:
1799:
420:
372:
4846:
4517:
3251:
7302:
3696:
1184:
984:
888:
250:
3273:
3232:
1794:, part of the UK) to give birth in order to benefit from the previous rule whereby anyone born on any part of the
6207:
6089:
5848:
5202:
5042:
3751:"The Constitution and the Right to Nationality in the Dominican Republic – Human Rights Brief Human Rights Brief"
2627:
CODE DE LA NATIONALITE – ORDONNANCE No. 33/PG.-INT. – DU 14 AOUT 1962 – PORTANT CODE DE LA NATIONALITE TCHADIENNE
2571:
CODE DE LA NATIONALITE – ORDONNANCE No. 33/PG.-INT. – DU 14 AOUT 1962 – PORTANT CODE DE LA NATIONALITE TCHADIENNE
1293:
49:
2523:(eds. Brian Opeskin, Richard Perruchoud & Jillyanne Redpath-Cross: Cambridge University Press, 2012), p. 99.
7292:
5237:
5217:
5117:
4965:
4574:
3907:
3582:
955:, barring anyone who was not born on U.S. soil from attaining the presidency, while others are more permissive.
948:
3869:
3411:
7585:
7357:
7352:
6836:
6104:
5668:
5553:
5418:
5232:
5077:
4190:
4175:
3503:
3112:
1844:
1463:
1311:
935:
930:
521:
Almost all states in Europe, Asia, Africa and Oceania grant nationality at birth based upon the principle of
5974:
4608:
1289:
7580:
7414:
7379:
7330:
7054:
6325:
5678:
5638:
5403:
5037:
4540:
2819:
Constitution of Barbados: CHAPTER II CITIZENSHIP Persons born in Barbados after 29 November 1966: Section 4
1051:
181:
4219:
1798:
was automatically granted Irish citizenship. The Chinese parents used their daughter's Irish (and thereby
7534:
7524:
7391:
6599:
6195:
6150:
6069:
6064:
6044:
5989:
5979:
5944:
5673:
5593:
5528:
5325:
5212:
5162:
5032:
3482:
2554:
2000:
1467:
1439:
514:
was enacted in 2004, no European country grants nationality based on unconditional or near-unconditional
149:
4722:
3325:
2466:
Birthright Citizenship: Trends and Regulations in Europe. Comparative Report RSCAS/EUDO-CIT-Comp. 2010/8
7514:
6853:
6374:
6145:
6122:
6059:
6039:
5999:
5883:
5858:
5853:
5683:
5658:
5563:
5498:
5488:
5478:
5468:
5408:
5393:
5388:
5363:
5345:
5277:
5207:
5177:
5067:
4811:
3929:
3661:"The Sudanese Nationality Act 1994 and Sudanese Nationality Act (Amendment) 2011 (English Translation)"
2917:
2657:
CHAPTER IV CITIZENSHIP: 38. Persons born in Lesotho after the coming into operation of the Constitution
2263:
2247:
1982:
1128:
1091:
925:
2645:
1187:
on 13 April 1951. Pakistan is the only country in Asia with unconditional jus soli citizenship rights.
7662:
7539:
7479:
6014:
5898:
5873:
5828:
5823:
5773:
5698:
5648:
5623:
5618:
5588:
5543:
5533:
5493:
5463:
5453:
5443:
5358:
5335:
5310:
5247:
5167:
5092:
5057:
5027:
5022:
5017:
4958:
4311:[Law about Permanent Resident and Right of Abode in the Macao Special Administrative Region]
2987:
1646:
1619:
1606:
1589:
1180:
1116:
1034:
1009:
105:
4692:
7652:
7484:
7474:
6831:
6643:
6346:
6099:
5969:
5959:
5939:
5934:
5929:
5888:
5798:
5778:
5763:
5613:
5583:
5538:
5523:
5483:
5473:
5448:
5378:
5373:
5320:
5315:
5305:
5257:
5252:
5242:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5172:
5152:
5147:
5137:
5107:
5097:
5087:
5082:
5072:
5052:
5012:
5002:
3174:"US issues new rules restricting travel by pregnant foreigners, fearing the use of 'birth tourism'"
2326:
2307:
1390:
1275:
1103:
667:
481:
3048:
2473:
7631:
7529:
7464:
6074:
6054:
6019:
6009:
6004:
5994:
5964:
5908:
5903:
5863:
5843:
5838:
5803:
5783:
5768:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5628:
5603:
5578:
5568:
5548:
5458:
5383:
5272:
5262:
5197:
5132:
5122:
5112:
5102:
5047:
5007:
4309:
Lei sobre Residente Permanente e Direito de Residência na Região Administrativa Especial de Macau
3534:
2507:
2437:
1943:
1867:
1571:
1551:
1524:
1506:
1047:
817:
3421:: "Are Venezuelans* by birth: (1) Any person who was born within the territory of the Republic."
3025:
2889:"Conservatives want to end 'birth tourism' in Canada – but what exactly is the contested issue?"
2837:
2155:
543:
are obligated to grant nationality to people born in their territory who would otherwise become
7672:
7489:
7118:
6860:
6312:
6094:
6084:
6049:
5949:
5893:
5878:
5813:
5808:
5793:
5688:
5663:
5633:
5558:
5518:
5350:
5222:
5157:
5142:
5127:
3454:"30+ countries offering Birthright citizenship or Jus soli | Citizenship by Investment Journal"
2102:
2050:
1724:
1702:
1455:
821:
3361:
3006:
2302:
1751:: Apart from regulations in past and historic nationality laws of Greece granting nationality
7544:
7519:
7509:
7499:
7494:
7347:
6415:
6367:
6155:
5913:
5868:
5833:
5818:
5788:
5643:
5573:
5330:
4541:"Life and Death Away from the Golden Land: The Plight of Burmese Migrant Workers in Thailand"
3121:
2594:
2321:
2160:
2131:
1807:
1779:
1775:
1756:
1748:
862:
529:
in which nationality by birthplace is automatic only for the children of certain immigrants.
186:
4152:
7657:
7605:
7600:
7504:
7374:
7325:
6719:
6685:
6670:
6506:
6453:
6276:
6249:
6140:
5703:
4449:
4425:
2888:
605:(the choice to take Chadian citizenship, or that of the parents is made at 18 years of age)
574:
and it is the most common means of acquiring nationality. However, a frequent exception to
100:
3082:
8:
6989:
6794:
6769:
6749:
6653:
6266:
6185:
5728:
4753:"Obtaining Luxembourgish nationality by simple operation of law – Citoyens // Luxembourg"
1829:
is considered a citizen by birth, if the possession of another citizenship is not proven.
1771:
1541:: Children born in Japan to stateless or unknown parents are Japanese nationals at birth.
901:
654:
211:
201:
139:
122:
3643:
2937:
2186:
2033:
do not acquire U.S. citizenship at birth, unless one of their parents is a U.S. citizen.
7146:
7128:
7123:
7111:
6945:
6764:
6744:
6714:
6496:
6468:
6165:
4724:
Kunqian Catherine Zhu and Man Lavette Chen v Secretary of State for the Home Department
4453:
4445:
3870:"Inventario extranjeros Registro Civil RD 1929 – 2007 by Junta Central Electoral (JCE)"
3557:
3124:
2280:
1360:
917:
467:
231:
4308:
7151:
7069:
6806:
6759:
6697:
6526:
6307:
6259:
4934:
4457:
4260:
4250:
3593:
3561:
3372:
2600:
2284:
2224:
2089:
221:
4342:
7595:
7469:
7369:
7199:
7007:
6897:
6848:
6821:
6574:
6569:
6422:
6190:
4900:"1000 kids face deportation or being orphaned for breaching New Zealand visa rules"
4437:
4039:"The Rule of Law under 'One Country, Two Systems': The Case of Hong Kong 1997–2010"
3549:
2272:
1925:
1791:
1641:
544:
386:
338:
226:
144:
127:
16:
Birthright of anyone born in the territory of a state to nationality or citizenship
4931:
Paper Citizens: How Illegal Immigrants Acquire Citizenship in Developing Countries
4122:
1466:(PRC) born in the territory are permanent residents of the territory and have the
7340:
7032:
6843:
6589:
6579:
6271:
4981:
4818:
4680:
4186:
4023:
3509:
3418:
3399:
3379:
3368:
3277:
3258:
3239:
3056:
3032:
3013:
2994:
2924:
2844:
2825:
2806:
2652:
2633:
2577:
2378:
2191:
2107:
1698:
1559:
485:
236:
206:
134:
4441:
3818:"Dominican Republic To End Citizenship Of Those Whose Parents Entered Illegally"
2504:
An Introduction to Contemporary International Law: A Policy-Oriented Perspective
1566:
basis; individuals born in Macau to Chinese nationals or to Portuguese citizens
1210:
has been criticized as contributing to economic inequality, the perpetuation of
7297:
7241:
7080:
7037:
6965:
6709:
6680:
6605:
6559:
6501:
6458:
6302:
6202:
3435:
3392:
3233:
American Samoa and the Citizenship Clause: A Study in Insular Cases Revisionism
3171:
2799:
2669:
2297:
2030:
2026:
1939:
1783:
1567:
1447:
1183:: The main law on nationality, the Pakistan Citizenship Act, was passed by the
980:
434:
196:
112:
44:
4516:. Republic of the Philippines: Office of the Solicitor General. Archived from
3981:
3660:
7646:
7138:
6935:
6724:
6594:
6584:
6542:
6516:
6511:
6448:
6408:
6332:
6281:
6213:
5755:
4368:
2857:
2228:
2165:
2014:
1916:: A child born on the territory of Ukraine may acquire Ukrainian citizenship
1729:
1706:
1219:
1211:
962:
908:
536:
472:
95:
70:
57:
4264:
3138:
566:
and under what circumstances they can do so. Most states provide a specific
7171:
7098:
6877:
6867:
6786:
6536:
6443:
6393:
6228:
4402:
3140:
The Citizenship Clause and "Birthright Citizenship": A Brief Legal Overview
2988:
The Constitution of the Commonwealth of Dominica Chapter VII Citizenship 98
2818:
1898:: A child born in Spain to foreign parents may acquire Spanish citizenship
1307:
988:
715:
requires registration with the Costa Rican government before the age of 25.
24:
7335:
7166:
7156:
7106:
7088:
6999:
6960:
6754:
6665:
6648:
6286:
6244:
4247:
Citizenship and the state in the Middle East: approaches and applications
3201:"Trump's Birthright Citizenship Proposal Is at Odds With Legal Consensus"
2667:
1996:
1957:
875:
753:
459:
447:
443:
174:
169:
160:
90:
81:
3700:
7181:
6521:
3270:
2276:
2127:
2075:
2054:
1840:
708:
455:
191:
35:
3614:"الاستقبال-الأجانب في المغرب-الأجانب المقيمون-اكتساب الجنسية المغربية"
3553:
3535:"'Citizenship Matters': Lessons from the Irish citizenship referendum"
3252:
CNN.com. Federal judge rules American Samoans are US citizens by birth
2322:
Migrants and Citizens: Demographic Change in the European State System
947:, which determines the eligibility of those running for the office of
7227:
7222:
7189:
7161:
7049:
7044:
6980:
6955:
6902:
6816:
6531:
6463:
1978:
1488:
1434:
1123:
1004:
836:
779:
503:
499:
477:
3899:
2472:. Florence: EUDO Citizenship Observatory. p. 35. Archived from
2069:
7236:
7208:
7194:
7061:
7027:
6985:
6970:
6930:
6254:
6220:
4950:
3271:
KSL.com. Judge puts citizenship ruling for American Samoans on hold
3172:
Kylie Atwood, Geneva Sands and Jennifer Hansler (23 January 2020).
1881:
1660:
1614:
1602:
1597:
1585:
1426:
1386:
1175:
1086:
792:
740:
662:
629:
495:
117:
3476:"Constitution of Tuvalu Part III Section 45. Citizenship by birth"
3360:
Constitution of the Republic of Chile, chap. II, art. 10, par. 1 (
2549:
Ivan Shearer & Brian Opeskin, "Nationality and Statelessness"
2519:
Ivan Shearer & Brian Opeskin, "Nationality and Statelessness"
562:
is a law used in practice to regulate who can assert the right of
7232:
7217:
7213:
6975:
6925:
6917:
6907:
6811:
6799:
6658:
6554:
6548:
1913:
1795:
1787:
1720:
1412:
1339:
1271:
1257:
1111:
1066:
1022:
805:
766:
616:
277:
216:
7204:
7017:
6950:
6890:
6885:
6692:
6359:
3432:"Fiji Constitution: chapter 3, Section 10 Citizenship by birth"
3071:
s:Constitution of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago/Chapter 2
1743:
1694:
1637:
1520:
1161:
1079:
1029:
849:
812:
694:
681:
28:
3815:
3261:. Priscilla Alvarez. 12 December 2019. Retrieved 27 July 2020.
2342:"America Isn't the 'Only Country' With Birthright Citizenship"
7012:
6940:
6491:
3532:
2784:
Born in the Americas: Birthright Citizenship and Human Rights
2045:
1895:
1859:
1821:
1546:
1538:
1451:
1325:
1243:
1215:
1042:
439:
392:
4107:
2215:"International Migration Law No. 34 - Glossary on Migration"
7022:
6564:
4369:"National Registration Department resources on citizenship"
3326:"Chile's Constitution of 1980 with Amendments through 2015"
2535:
1502:
1148:
1098:
725:
720:
602:
597:
412:
406:
364:
358:
4693:"Athens Macedonian News Agency: News in English, 16-07-04"
3280:. Dennis Romboy. 13 December 2019. Retrieved 27 July 2020.
1709:
parents receive French nationality automatically at birth.
341:
2977:. U.S. Department of Homeland Security. 11 November 2017.
2303:
The Birthright Lottery: Citizenship and Global Inequality
389:
344:
4832:"Registration as British citizen: Children (Accessible)"
3781:"A Crisis of Nationality: Dominicans of Haitian Descent"
2838:
Constitution of Belize: PART III Citizenship, section 24
512:
Twenty-seventh Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland
3816:
Ezequiel Abiu Lopez; Danica Coto (27 September 2013).
3007:
Constitution of Jamaica Chapter II Citizenship 3B.-(1)
1202:
There is a trend in some countries toward restricting
462:
based on their birth in the territory of the country.
4343:"Malaysian Government Portal relating to citizenship"
2778:
2776:
2774:
2772:
2770:
2768:
2766:
2764:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2756:
2754:
2752:
2750:
2748:
1454:) are not conferred these rights and privileges. The
421:
403:
395:
373:
355:
347:
4874:"Dutch citizen by birth, acknowledgment or adoption"
3715:"1 -لمن يمكن إسناد الجنسية التونسية باعتبارها جنسية"
2918:
The Constitution of Costa Rica: Title II ARTICLE 13:
2746:
2744:
2742:
2740:
2738:
2736:
2734:
2732:
2730:
2728:
2532:
Guimezanes, Nicole. "What Laws for Naturalisation?"
2134:
in the country who would otherwise become stateless.
2065:
409:
361:
974:
citizenship to any child born in the United States.
400:
352:
3533:Mancini, JoAnne; Finlay, Graham (September 2008).
3146:. Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service.
2340:
2339:Serhan, Yasmeen; Friedman, Uri (31 October 2018).
4847:"Nederlander door geboorte, erkenning of adoptie"
4484:"Taiwan: Nationality laws (2000 – February 2004)"
4426:"Citizenship Laws of Pakistan: A Critical Review"
2725:
1843:: A person born in Luxembourg is automatically a
7644:
3228:
3226:
2407:"Repeal Birthright Citizenship – and Then What?"
1920:, if they do not acquire foreign nationality by
1226:has been restricted in the following countries:
4871:
4844:
4783:"Acquiring Luxembourgish nationality by option"
4222:. United Nations High Commission for Refugees.
3242:. harvardlawreview.org. Retrieved 27 July 2020.
2695:Nalule, Caroline; Nambooze, Anna (April 2020).
2668:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.
2702:. Global Citizenship Observatory (GLOBALCIT),
2694:
2596:Citizenship Law in Africa: A Comparative Study
2338:
2260:
442:of anyone born in the territory of a state to
6375:
4966:
4249:. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press.
3223:
2374:"Birthright citizenship benefits the country"
1778:). The amendment was prompted by the case of
258:
7279:
7059:
6113:Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
4609:"Comment devient-on citoyen français ?"
4079:"Babies Born in Hong Kong to Mainland Women"
2462:
1738:professional/vocational training in Germany.
541:Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness
4644:"Greek Nationality Code (Law 3284 of 2004)"
3528:
3526:
3524:
3522:
3520:
3518:
3293:"Neoconstitucionalismo – Análise histórica"
2886:
2098:Birthright citizenship in the United States
1926:Ukrainian citizenship law, articles 6 and 7
476:('right of blood'), which derives from the
6382:
6368:
4973:
4959:
3502:Pakistan Citizenship Act, 1951, II, 1951,
3136:
2704:Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies
2551:Foundations of International Migration Law
2521:Foundations of International Migration Law
2498:
2496:
2494:
2435:
1473:Director of Immigration v. Chong Fung Yuen
1106:(registration required at 18 years of age)
539:. Countries that have acceded to the 1961
265:
251:
4301:
4173:
458:countries, is a rule defining a person's
7267:
4575:"Amendments to the Nationality Act 2008"
4220:"Civil Code of Iran (last amended 1985)"
3515:
2661:
2599:. Open Society Foundations. p. 36.
2588:
2586:
2372:Rotunda, Ronald D. (16 September 2010).
2220:International Organization for Migration
581:
276:
4933:. Oxford University Press. p. 10.
4283:The Ministry of Justice English Website
2491:
2371:
2241:
502:and displace native populations in the
7645:
4423:
4349:from the original on 28 September 2021
4244:
4176:"Report On Citizenship Law: Indonesia"
4086:Hong Kong Monthly Digest of Statistics
3998:from the original on 24 September 2015
3761:from the original on 19 September 2016
3598:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
3342:from the original on 19 September 2022
3198:
2868:from the original on 19 September 2018
2676:from the original on 14 September 2013
2029:): As mentioned above, people born in
1444:transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong
1194:
7266:
6623:
6363:
4954:
4928:
4747:
4745:
4589:from the original on 11 November 2018
4494:from the original on 16 November 2020
4200:from the original on 15 November 2020
4174:Harijanti, Susi Dwi (February 2017).
4046:National Taiwan University Law Review
3677:from the original on 31 December 2016
3644:"Namibian Citizenship Act 14 of 1990"
3496:
2887:Dangerfield, Katie (27 August 2018).
2697:"Report on Citizenship Law: Tanzania"
2592:
2583:
2444:from the original on 15 December 2011
2417:from the original on 14 November 2011
2404:
1782:, a Chinese woman living in mainland
1697:: Children born in France (including
1663:: Thailand operated a system of pure
433:
4980:
4872:Naturalisatiedienst, Immigratie-en.
4845:Naturalisatiedienst, Immigratie-en.
4793:from the original on 4 February 2020
4538:
4289:from the original on 31 October 2021
4036:
4030:
3211:from the original on 7 February 2023
3093:from the original on 14 January 2021
2948:from the original on 6 November 2020
2899:from the original on 7 November 2018
2436:Gilbertson, Greta (1 January 2006).
2113:
2003:), or if to prevent being stateless.
4731:from the original on 11 August 2023
4703:from the original on 7 October 2016
4654:from the original on 7 October 2016
4375:from the original on 15 August 2020
4226:from the original on 9 October 2012
4145:"Basic Law Full Text – chapter (3)"
3962:from the original on 10 August 2021
3936:from the original on 10 August 2021
3930:"Constitución Política de Colombia"
3880:from the original on 10 August 2016
3850:from the original on 29 August 2017
3137:Harrington, Ben (1 November 2018).
2713:from the original on 8 October 2021
2438:"Citizenship in a Globalized World"
2353:from the original on 26 August 2021
549:American Convention on Human Rights
438:), meaning 'right of soil', is the
13:
6625:
6624:
4742:
4322:from the original on 11 April 2019
3982:"Part one of Bahraini citizenship"
3910:from the original on 16 March 2017
3180:from the original on 16 April 2021
2386:from the original on 11 March 2012
1556:transfer of sovereignty over Macau
1372:
1346:
14:
7684:
4812:Lei da Nacionalidade – Capítulo I
4763:from the original on 12 June 2018
4555:from the original on 2 April 2019
4464:from the original on 11 July 2021
3797:from the original on 27 June 2017
3333:Comparative Constitutions Project
3303:from the original on 5 March 2016
3153:from the original on 27 July 2020
2463:Vink, M.; de Groot, G.R. (2010).
1640:: Any child born to parents with
670:: Guaranteed by the Constitution.
657:: Guaranteed by the Constitution.
570:in application of the respective
7627:
7626:
6389:
6342:
6341:
5063:Democratic Republic of the Congo
4922:
4906:. 7 October 2011. Archived from
4892:
4865:
4633:of 1955, Article 1, Paragraph d)
4088:. September 2011. Archived from
3199:Liptak, Adam (30 October 2018).
2670:"Tanzania Citizenship Act, 1995"
2405:Smith, Morgan (16 August 2010).
2082:
2068:
2044:
2019:
2007:
1989:
1971:
1950:
1932:
1906:
1888:
1874:
1852:
1833:
1814:
1764:
1742:
1713:
1687:
1653:
1630:
1613:
1596:
1578:
1545:
1531:
1513:
1495:
1481:
1433:
1419:
1405:
1379:
1353:
1332:
1318:
1300:
1282:
1264:
1250:
1236:
1185:Constituent Assembly of Pakistan
1174:
1154:
1141:
1122:
1110:
1097:
1085:
1072:
1059:
1041:
1028:
1015:
1003:
996:
907:
894:
889:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
881:
868:
855:
842:
829:
811:
798:
785:
772:
759:
746:
733:
719:
701:
687:
674:
661:
647:
640:
634:Tanzania Citizenship Act of 1995
622:
609:
596:
554:
385:
337:
6208:Birth aboard aircraft and ships
4838:
4824:
4805:
4775:
4715:
4685:
4666:
4636:
4626:
4601:
4567:
4532:
4506:
4476:
4417:
4387:
4361:
4335:
4271:
4238:
4212:
4167:
4137:
4121:. 10 March 2008. Archived from
4071:
4010:
3974:
3948:
3922:
3892:
3862:
3832:
3809:
3773:
3743:
3707:
3689:
3653:
3636:
3606:
3568:
3468:
3446:
3424:
3405:
3386:
3354:
3318:
3283:
3264:
3245:
3192:
3165:
3130:
3105:
3075:
3064:
3042:
3019:
3000:
2981:
2960:
2930:
2911:
2880:
2858:"Immigration Status of Parents"
2850:
2831:
2812:
2793:
2688:
2639:
2620:
2564:
2543:
2526:
2513:
2456:
2429:
2398:
2120:
494:is the predominant rule in the
450:, also commonly referred to as
7268:
6045:Federated States of Micronesia
5409:St. Vincent and the Grenadines
4579:Government Gazette of Thailand
4401:(in Mongolian). Archived from
3699:. 21 June 2011. Archived from
3581:. 14 July 2014. Archived from
2440:. Migration Policy Institute.
2365:
2332:
2313:
2291:
2254:
2235:
2207:
2192:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
2179:
2148:
1:
4397:[About Citizenship].
4191:European University Institute
3113:United States v. Wong Kim Ark
2782:Katherine Culliton-González,
2706:. RSCAS/GLOBALCIT-CR 2020/6.
2244:Nationalism and Particularity
2141:
1622:: Pakistan generally applies
1312:South African nationality law
936:United States nationality law
931:United States v. Wong Kim Ark
7668:Legal rules with Latin names
6326:British Overseas Territories
4052:(1): 269–299. Archived from
3512:, access date 2 October 2015
3083:"United States Constitution"
3050:constitucional – ARTICULO 9:
2790:(2012), Vol. 25, pp. 135–36.
2788:Harvard Human Rights Journal
2037:
1964:
535:in many cases helps prevent
7:
6196:Renunciation of citizenship
4450:10.13169/polipers.16.2.0059
4442:10.13169/polipers.16.2.0059
4315:(8) (in Portuguese). 1999.
4037:Chen, Albert H. Y. (2011).
2646:The Constitution of Lesotho
2555:customary international law
2264:Regulation & Governance
2061:
2001:New Zealand nationality law
1468:right of abode in Hong Kong
1229:
945:natural-born-citizen clause
10:
7689:
6474:Weberian (three-component)
2248:Cambridge University Press
1983:Australian nationality law
1723:: prior to 2000 Germany's
1464:People's Republic of China
1294:São Toméan nationality law
1134:
926:United States Constitution
7622:
7563:
7455:
7423:
7390:
7316:
7288:
7275:
7262:
7180:
7137:
7097:
7079:
6998:
6916:
6876:
6785:
6778:
6733:
6636:
6632:
6619:
6482:
6436:
6432:
6403:
6321:
6295:
6237:
6178:
6131:
6032:
5922:
5749:
5742:
5511:
5436:
5293:
5286:
4995:
4988:
4679:23 September 2016 at the
4115:"內地來港產子數目5年急增25倍 香港擬收緊綜援"
1680:
1647:Taiwanese nationality law
1607:Mongolian nationality law
1590:Malaysian nationality law
1398:
589:
50:Aboard aircraft and ships
7596:Pre-industrial East Asia
5043:Central African Republic
3417:26 February 2017 at the
3257:18 December 2019 at the
3238:18 December 2019 at the
3055:23 February 2017 at the
3031:18 November 2021 at the
3012:13 February 2017 at the
2843:28 December 2016 at the
2632:13 February 2018 at the
2576:13 February 2018 at the
2327:Cornell University Press
2308:Harvard University Press
2246:. Cambridge / New York:
2242:Vincent, Andrew (2002).
1276:Namibian nationality law
943:The U.S. Constitution's
6644:Administrative detainee
6141:Commonwealth of Nations
4821:Retrieved 11 March 2023
3840:"A storm in Hispaniola"
2993:10 January 2017 at the
2942:multiplecitizenship.com
2923:4 February 2012 at the
2508:Oxford University Press
1944:British nationality law
1868:Maltese nationality law
1572:Right of abode in Macau
1525:Israeli citizenship law
1507:Iranian nationality law
1167:
7060:
5955:Bosnia and Herzegovina
4817:1 January 2023 at the
3488:on 26 September 2021.
3398:1 January 2018 at the
3367:6 October 2017 at the
3276:13 August 2021 at the
2655:, chap. IV, sec. 38 |
2103:History of citizenship
1757:Greek Nationality Code
1727:was based entirely on
1703:French nationality law
1442:: Since the July 1997
822:Constitution of Mexico
452:birthright citizenship
324:
7601:Pre-industrial Europe
6338:Partially recognized.
5203:São Tomé and Príncipe
4929:Sadiq, Kamal (2008).
4539:Yang, Bryant (2009).
4279:"THE NATIONALITY LAW"
4022:5 August 2019 at the
2824:25 April 2017 at the
2805:17 April 2015 at the
2223:: 120. 19 June 2019.
2161:CollinsDictionary.com
2130:in the country or an
1866:until this date (see
1808:Irish nationality law
1776:Irish nationality law
1290:São Tomé and Príncipe
863:Saint Kitts and Nevis
280:
187:Diplomatic protection
7458: or countries
7269:By country or region
6507:Class discrimination
6277:Second-class citizen
6250:Multiple citizenship
5719:United Arab Emirates
5353:(Kingdom of Denmark)
4585:. 27 February 2008.
4545:Thailand Law Journal
4155:on 28 September 2008
3828:on 14 November 2013.
2651:3 March 2016 at the
1699:overseas territories
1389:: Article 96 of the
820:: Article 30 of the
480:that influenced the
435:[juːsˈsɔliː]
293:without restrictions
6990:Vanniar (Chieftain)
6267:Permanent residency
6186:Loss of citizenship
6161:Caribbean Community
5414:Trinidad and Tobago
5399:St. Kitts and Nevis
5301:Antigua and Barbuda
4727:, 19 October 2004,
4613:www.vie-publique.fr
4430:Policy Perspectives
4095:on 25 November 2011
3876:. 7 November 2013.
3846:. 7 December 2013.
3757:. 29 October 2010.
3378:14 May 2011 at the
3089:. 4 November 2015.
2479:on 26 November 2012
2132:aircraft registered
1558:, according to the
902:Trinidad and Tobago
655:Antigua and Barbuda
510:is rare. Since the
212:Permanent residency
7571:18th-century Spain
7425:Standard of living
7129:Upper middle class
7124:Lower middle class
6715:Political prisoner
6497:Chattering classes
6469:Spoon class theory
5341:Dominican Republic
4520:on 26 January 2014
4125:on 18 January 2012
4059:on 25 October 2016
3731:on 25 October 2016
3542:American Quarterly
3508:2016-03-04 at the
3438:on 29 April 2020.
3205:The New York Times
2593:Manby, B. (2012).
2277:10.1111/rego.12197
1845:Luxembourg citizen
1560:Basic Law of Macau
1458:provides that all
1361:Dominican Republic
918:Citizenship Clause
468:English common law
325:
232:Identity cleansing
7640:
7639:
7618:
7617:
7614:
7613:
7451:
7450:
7258:
7257:
7254:
7253:
7250:
7249:
7152:Lumpenproletariat
6654:illegal immigrant
6615:
6614:
6527:Classless society
6357:
6356:
6331:Open border with
6174:
6173:
6028:
6027:
5507:
5506:
5427:US Virgin Islands
5354:
5078:Equatorial Guinea
4940:978-0-19-537122-2
4757:guichet.public.lu
4395:"ХАРЬЯАТЫН ТУХАЙ"
3958:. 5 August 2019.
3900:"immigrationplan"
3624:on 7 October 2016
3618:Service-public.ma
3554:10.1353/aq.0.0034
3456:. 31 October 2018
2606:978-1-936133-29-1
2195:. Merriam-Webster
2114:Explanatory notes
2090:Philosophy portal
1796:island of Ireland
545:stateless persons
470:, in contrast to
383:
303:with restrictions
275:
274:
222:Right to homeland
7680:
7663:Common law rules
7630:
7629:
7457:
7358:Mexican-American
7286:
7285:
7277:
7276:
7264:
7263:
7065:
7008:Business magnate
6898:Knowledge worker
6783:
6782:
6671:dual or multiple
6634:
6633:
6621:
6620:
6575:Social exclusion
6570:Social cleansing
6484:
6434:
6433:
6423:Economic classes
6384:
6377:
6370:
6361:
6360:
6345:
6344:
6191:Denaturalization
6080:Papua New Guinea
6065:Marshall Islands
5747:
5746:
5352:
5291:
5290:
4993:
4992:
4982:Nationality laws
4975:
4968:
4961:
4952:
4951:
4945:
4944:
4926:
4920:
4919:
4917:
4915:
4896:
4890:
4889:
4887:
4885:
4869:
4863:
4862:
4860:
4858:
4842:
4836:
4835:
4828:
4822:
4809:
4803:
4802:
4800:
4798:
4779:
4773:
4772:
4770:
4768:
4749:
4740:
4739:
4738:
4736:
4719:
4713:
4712:
4710:
4708:
4689:
4683:
4674:Law 4332 of 2015
4670:
4664:
4663:
4661:
4659:
4640:
4634:
4630:
4624:
4623:
4621:
4619:
4605:
4599:
4598:
4596:
4594:
4571:
4565:
4564:
4562:
4560:
4536:
4530:
4529:
4527:
4525:
4510:
4504:
4503:
4501:
4499:
4480:
4474:
4473:
4471:
4469:
4421:
4415:
4414:
4412:
4410:
4405:on 6 August 2020
4399:www.legalinfo.mn
4391:
4385:
4384:
4382:
4380:
4365:
4359:
4358:
4356:
4354:
4339:
4333:
4331:
4329:
4327:
4321:
4314:
4305:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4294:
4275:
4269:
4268:
4242:
4236:
4235:
4233:
4231:
4216:
4210:
4209:
4207:
4205:
4199:
4180:
4171:
4165:
4164:
4162:
4160:
4151:. Archived from
4141:
4135:
4134:
4132:
4130:
4111:
4105:
4104:
4102:
4100:
4094:
4083:
4075:
4069:
4068:
4066:
4064:
4058:
4043:
4034:
4028:
4014:
4008:
4007:
4005:
4003:
3997:
3986:
3978:
3972:
3971:
3969:
3967:
3952:
3946:
3945:
3943:
3941:
3926:
3920:
3919:
3917:
3915:
3896:
3890:
3889:
3887:
3885:
3866:
3860:
3859:
3857:
3855:
3836:
3830:
3829:
3824:. Archived from
3813:
3807:
3806:
3804:
3802:
3796:
3790:. October 2013.
3785:
3777:
3771:
3770:
3768:
3766:
3747:
3741:
3740:
3738:
3736:
3730:
3724:. Archived from
3719:
3711:
3705:
3704:
3703:on 21 June 2011.
3693:
3687:
3686:
3684:
3682:
3676:
3665:
3657:
3651:
3650:
3648:
3640:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3629:
3620:. Archived from
3610:
3604:
3603:
3597:
3589:
3588:on 14 July 2014.
3587:
3580:
3572:
3566:
3565:
3539:
3530:
3513:
3500:
3494:
3492:
3487:
3481:. Archived from
3480:
3472:
3466:
3465:
3463:
3461:
3450:
3444:
3443:
3434:. Archived from
3428:
3422:
3409:
3403:
3390:
3384:
3358:
3352:
3351:
3349:
3347:
3341:
3330:
3322:
3316:
3315:
3310:
3308:
3287:
3281:
3268:
3262:
3249:
3243:
3230:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3216:
3196:
3190:
3189:
3187:
3185:
3169:
3163:
3162:
3160:
3158:
3152:
3145:
3134:
3128:
3109:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3098:
3079:
3073:
3068:
3062:
3046:
3040:
3023:
3017:
3004:
2998:
2985:
2979:
2978:
2972:
2964:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2953:
2934:
2928:
2915:
2909:
2908:
2906:
2904:
2884:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2873:
2854:
2848:
2835:
2829:
2816:
2810:
2797:
2791:
2780:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2718:
2712:
2701:
2692:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2681:
2665:
2659:
2643:
2637:
2624:
2618:
2617:
2615:
2613:
2590:
2581:
2568:
2562:
2547:
2541:
2530:
2524:
2517:
2511:
2510:, 2015), p. 223.
2500:
2489:
2488:
2486:
2484:
2478:
2471:
2460:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2449:
2433:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2422:
2402:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2369:
2363:
2362:
2360:
2358:
2344:
2336:
2330:
2317:
2311:
2310:, 2009), p. 120.
2295:
2289:
2288:
2258:
2252:
2251:
2239:
2233:
2232:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2183:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2172:
2152:
2135:
2124:
2092:
2087:
2086:
2085:
2078:
2073:
2072:
2049:
2048:
2025:
2023:
2022:
2013:
2011:
2010:
1995:
1993:
1992:
1977:
1975:
1974:
1956:
1954:
1953:
1938:
1936:
1935:
1911:
1910:
1909:
1894:
1892:
1891:
1880:
1878:
1877:
1858:
1856:
1855:
1839:
1837:
1836:
1820:
1818:
1817:
1792:Northern Ireland
1786:who traveled to
1770:
1768:
1767:
1747:
1746:
1719:
1717:
1716:
1693:
1691:
1690:
1659:
1657:
1656:
1636:
1634:
1633:
1618:
1617:
1601:
1600:
1584:
1582:
1581:
1550:
1549:
1537:
1535:
1534:
1519:
1517:
1516:
1501:
1499:
1498:
1487:
1485:
1484:
1470:. The 2001 case
1438:
1437:
1425:
1423:
1422:
1411:
1409:
1408:
1385:
1383:
1382:
1365:The constitution
1359:
1357:
1356:
1338:
1336:
1335:
1324:
1322:
1321:
1306:
1304:
1303:
1288:
1286:
1285:
1270:
1268:
1267:
1256:
1254:
1253:
1242:
1240:
1239:
1179:
1178:
1160:
1158:
1157:
1147:
1145:
1144:
1127:
1126:
1115:
1114:
1102:
1101:
1090:
1089:
1078:
1076:
1075:
1065:
1063:
1062:
1046:
1045:
1033:
1032:
1021:
1019:
1018:
1008:
1007:
979:Persons born in
912:
911:
900:
898:
897:
887:
885:
884:
874:
872:
871:
861:
859:
858:
848:
846:
845:
835:
833:
832:
816:
815:
804:
802:
801:
791:
789:
788:
778:
776:
775:
765:
763:
762:
752:
750:
749:
739:
737:
736:
724:
723:
707:
705:
704:
693:
691:
690:
680:
678:
677:
666:
665:
653:
651:
650:
628:
626:
625:
615:
613:
612:
601:
600:
466:was part of the
437:
432:
425:
419:
418:
415:
414:
411:
408:
405:
402:
398:
397:
394:
391:
381:
377:
371:
370:
367:
366:
363:
360:
357:
354:
350:
349:
346:
343:
336:
318:
308:
298:
288:
267:
260:
253:
227:Voluntary return
140:Lost citizenship
21:
20:
7688:
7687:
7683:
7682:
7681:
7679:
7678:
7677:
7653:Nationality law
7643:
7642:
7641:
7636:
7610:
7559:
7447:
7419:
7386:
7370:Underprivileged
7312:
7271:
7270:
7246:
7176:
7133:
7093:
7075:
6994:
6912:
6872:
6774:
6729:
6628:
6627:
6611:
6590:Social position
6580:Social mobility
6478:
6428:
6399:
6398:
6388:
6358:
6353:
6317:
6291:
6272:Right of return
6233:
6170:
6133:
6127:
6090:Solomon Islands
6024:
5990:Northern Cyprus
5985:North Macedonia
5918:
5753:
5738:
5503:
5432:
5282:
4984:
4979:
4949:
4948:
4941:
4927:
4923:
4913:
4911:
4910:on 4 March 2016
4898:
4897:
4893:
4883:
4881:
4870:
4866:
4856:
4854:
4843:
4839:
4830:
4829:
4825:
4819:Wayback Machine
4810:
4806:
4796:
4794:
4781:
4780:
4776:
4766:
4764:
4751:
4750:
4743:
4734:
4732:
4721:
4720:
4716:
4706:
4704:
4699:. 4 July 2016.
4691:
4690:
4686:
4681:Wayback Machine
4671:
4667:
4657:
4655:
4642:
4641:
4637:
4631:
4627:
4617:
4615:
4607:
4606:
4602:
4592:
4590:
4573:
4572:
4568:
4558:
4556:
4537:
4533:
4523:
4521:
4512:
4511:
4507:
4497:
4495:
4482:
4481:
4477:
4467:
4465:
4424:Farhat (2019).
4422:
4418:
4408:
4406:
4393:
4392:
4388:
4378:
4376:
4367:
4366:
4362:
4352:
4350:
4341:
4340:
4336:
4325:
4323:
4319:
4312:
4307:
4306:
4302:
4292:
4290:
4277:
4276:
4272:
4257:
4243:
4239:
4229:
4227:
4218:
4217:
4213:
4203:
4201:
4197:
4187:Badia Fiesolana
4178:
4172:
4168:
4158:
4156:
4149:Basiclaw.gov.hk
4143:
4142:
4138:
4128:
4126:
4113:
4112:
4108:
4098:
4096:
4092:
4081:
4077:
4076:
4072:
4062:
4060:
4056:
4041:
4035:
4031:
4024:Wayback Machine
4015:
4011:
4001:
3999:
3995:
3984:
3980:
3979:
3975:
3965:
3963:
3954:
3953:
3949:
3939:
3937:
3928:
3927:
3923:
3913:
3911:
3898:
3897:
3893:
3883:
3881:
3868:
3867:
3863:
3853:
3851:
3838:
3837:
3833:
3822:Huffington Post
3814:
3810:
3800:
3798:
3794:
3783:
3779:
3778:
3774:
3764:
3762:
3749:
3748:
3744:
3734:
3732:
3728:
3717:
3713:
3712:
3708:
3697:"خدمات الجنسية"
3695:
3694:
3690:
3680:
3678:
3674:
3663:
3659:
3658:
3654:
3646:
3642:
3641:
3637:
3627:
3625:
3612:
3611:
3607:
3591:
3590:
3585:
3578:
3576:"Archived copy"
3574:
3573:
3569:
3537:
3531:
3516:
3510:Wayback Machine
3501:
3497:
3485:
3478:
3474:
3473:
3469:
3459:
3457:
3452:
3451:
3447:
3430:
3429:
3425:
3419:Wayback Machine
3410:
3406:
3400:Wayback Machine
3391:
3387:
3380:Wayback Machine
3373:English version
3369:Wayback Machine
3359:
3355:
3345:
3343:
3339:
3328:
3324:
3323:
3319:
3306:
3304:
3291:
3288:
3284:
3278:Wayback Machine
3269:
3265:
3259:Wayback Machine
3250:
3246:
3240:Wayback Machine
3231:
3224:
3214:
3212:
3197:
3193:
3183:
3181:
3170:
3166:
3156:
3154:
3150:
3143:
3135:
3131:
3110:
3106:
3096:
3094:
3081:
3080:
3076:
3069:
3065:
3057:Wayback Machine
3047:
3043:
3033:Wayback Machine
3024:
3020:
3014:Wayback Machine
3005:
3001:
2995:Wayback Machine
2986:
2982:
2970:
2966:
2965:
2961:
2951:
2949:
2936:
2935:
2931:
2925:Wayback Machine
2916:
2912:
2902:
2900:
2885:
2881:
2871:
2869:
2862:americanlaw.com
2856:
2855:
2851:
2845:Wayback Machine
2836:
2832:
2826:Wayback Machine
2817:
2813:
2807:Wayback Machine
2798:
2794:
2781:
2726:
2716:
2714:
2710:
2699:
2693:
2689:
2679:
2677:
2666:
2662:
2653:Wayback Machine
2644:
2640:
2634:Wayback Machine
2625:
2621:
2611:
2609:
2607:
2591:
2584:
2578:Wayback Machine
2569:
2565:
2548:
2544:
2531:
2527:
2518:
2514:
2502:Lung-chu Chen,
2501:
2492:
2482:
2480:
2476:
2469:
2461:
2457:
2447:
2445:
2434:
2430:
2420:
2418:
2403:
2399:
2389:
2387:
2379:Chicago Tribune
2370:
2366:
2356:
2354:
2337:
2333:
2329:, 2000), p. 77.
2319:Rey Koslowski,
2318:
2314:
2296:
2292:
2259:
2255:
2240:
2236:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2198:
2196:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2170:
2168:
2154:
2153:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2138:
2125:
2121:
2116:
2108:Nationality law
2088:
2083:
2081:
2074:
2067:
2064:
2043:
2040:
2020:
2018:
2008:
2006:
1990:
1988:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1951:
1949:
1933:
1931:
1907:
1905:
1889:
1887:
1875:
1873:
1853:
1851:
1834:
1832:
1815:
1813:
1765:
1763:
1741:
1725:nationality law
1714:
1712:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1654:
1652:
1631:
1629:
1612:
1595:
1579:
1577:
1544:
1532:
1530:
1514:
1512:
1496:
1494:
1482:
1480:
1432:
1420:
1418:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1333:
1331:
1319:
1317:
1301:
1299:
1283:
1281:
1265:
1263:
1251:
1249:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1218:underclass and
1200:
1191:
1173:
1170:
1155:
1153:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1121:
1109:
1096:
1084:
1073:
1071:
1060:
1058:
1040:
1027:
1016:
1014:
1002:
999:
906:
895:
893:
882:
880:
869:
867:
856:
854:
843:
841:
830:
828:
810:
799:
797:
786:
784:
773:
771:
760:
758:
747:
745:
734:
732:
718:
702:
700:
688:
686:
675:
673:
660:
648:
646:
643:
623:
621:
610:
608:
595:
592:
587:
557:
486:mainland Europe
430:
423:
399:
388:
384:
375:
351:
340:
334:
333:
323:
316:
314:
306:
304:
296:
294:
286:
271:
237:Right of return
182:Criminalization
17:
12:
11:
5:
7686:
7676:
7675:
7670:
7665:
7660:
7655:
7638:
7637:
7635:
7634:
7623:
7620:
7619:
7616:
7615:
7612:
7611:
7609:
7608:
7603:
7598:
7593:
7591:Ottoman Empire
7588:
7583:
7578:
7576:Ancient Greece
7573:
7567:
7565:
7561:
7560:
7558:
7557:
7552:
7550:United Kingdom
7547:
7542:
7537:
7532:
7527:
7522:
7517:
7512:
7507:
7502:
7497:
7492:
7487:
7482:
7477:
7472:
7467:
7461:
7459:
7453:
7452:
7449:
7448:
7446:
7445:
7443:Home-ownership
7440:
7435:
7429:
7427:
7421:
7420:
7418:
7417:
7412:
7407:
7402:
7396:
7394:
7388:
7387:
7385:
7384:
7383:
7382:
7377:
7367:
7366:
7365:
7360:
7355:
7345:
7344:
7343:
7338:
7333:
7322:
7320:
7314:
7313:
7311:
7310:
7305:
7300:
7298:American Dream
7295:
7289:
7283:
7273:
7272:
7260:
7259:
7256:
7255:
7252:
7251:
7248:
7247:
7245:
7244:
7239:
7230:
7225:
7220:
7211:
7202:
7197:
7192:
7186:
7184:
7178:
7177:
7175:
7174:
7169:
7164:
7159:
7154:
7149:
7143:
7141:
7135:
7134:
7132:
7131:
7126:
7121:
7116:
7115:
7114:
7103:
7101:
7095:
7094:
7092:
7091:
7085:
7083:
7077:
7076:
7074:
7073:
7066:
7057:
7052:
7047:
7042:
7041:
7040:
7035:
7025:
7020:
7015:
7010:
7004:
7002:
6996:
6995:
6993:
6992:
6983:
6978:
6973:
6968:
6963:
6958:
6953:
6948:
6943:
6938:
6933:
6928:
6922:
6920:
6914:
6913:
6911:
6910:
6905:
6900:
6895:
6894:
6893:
6882:
6880:
6874:
6873:
6871:
6870:
6865:
6864:
6863:
6858:
6857:
6856:
6841:
6840:
6839:
6834:
6826:
6825:
6824:
6814:
6809:
6804:
6803:
6802:
6791:
6789:
6780:
6776:
6775:
6773:
6772:
6767:
6762:
6757:
6752:
6747:
6741:
6739:
6731:
6730:
6728:
6727:
6722:
6717:
6712:
6710:Migrant worker
6707:
6702:
6701:
6700:
6690:
6689:
6688:
6683:
6678:
6673:
6663:
6662:
6661:
6656:
6646:
6640:
6638:
6630:
6629:
6626:By demographic
6617:
6616:
6613:
6612:
6610:
6609:
6606:Status Anxiety
6602:
6597:
6592:
6587:
6582:
6577:
6572:
6567:
6562:
6560:Ranked society
6557:
6552:
6539:
6534:
6529:
6524:
6519:
6514:
6509:
6504:
6502:Class conflict
6499:
6494:
6488:
6486:
6485: topics
6480:
6479:
6477:
6476:
6471:
6466:
6461:
6459:Mudsill theory
6456:
6451:
6446:
6440:
6438:
6430:
6429:
6427:
6426:
6419:
6412:
6404:
6401:
6400:
6397:
6396:
6390:
6387:
6386:
6379:
6372:
6364:
6355:
6354:
6352:
6351:
6339:
6336:
6329:
6322:
6319:
6318:
6316:
6315:
6310:
6305:
6299:
6297:
6293:
6292:
6290:
6289:
6284:
6279:
6274:
6269:
6264:
6263:
6262:
6252:
6247:
6241:
6239:
6235:
6234:
6232:
6231:
6226:
6225:
6224:
6217:
6210:
6203:Naturalization
6200:
6199:
6198:
6193:
6182:
6180:
6176:
6175:
6172:
6171:
6169:
6168:
6163:
6158:
6156:Nordic Council
6153:
6148:
6146:European Union
6143:
6137:
6135:
6129:
6128:
6126:
6125:
6120:
6109:American Samoa
6102:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6077:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6052:
6047:
6042:
6036:
6034:
6030:
6029:
6026:
6025:
6023:
6022:
6020:United Kingdom
6017:
6012:
6007:
6002:
5997:
5992:
5987:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5962:
5957:
5952:
5947:
5942:
5937:
5932:
5926:
5924:
5923:Rest of Europe
5920:
5919:
5917:
5916:
5911:
5906:
5901:
5896:
5891:
5886:
5881:
5876:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5856:
5851:
5846:
5841:
5836:
5831:
5826:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5789:Czech Republic
5786:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5760:
5758:
5751:European Union
5744:
5740:
5739:
5737:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5721:
5716:
5711:
5706:
5701:
5696:
5691:
5686:
5681:
5676:
5671:
5666:
5661:
5656:
5651:
5646:
5641:
5636:
5631:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5601:
5596:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5556:
5551:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5515:
5513:
5509:
5508:
5505:
5504:
5502:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5440:
5438:
5434:
5433:
5431:
5430:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5328:
5323:
5318:
5313:
5308:
5303:
5297:
5295:
5288:
5284:
5283:
5281:
5280:
5275:
5270:
5268:Western Sahara
5265:
5260:
5255:
5250:
5245:
5240:
5235:
5230:
5225:
5220:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5180:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5145:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5095:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5065:
5060:
5058:Congo Republic
5055:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5035:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5005:
4999:
4997:
4990:
4986:
4985:
4978:
4977:
4970:
4963:
4955:
4947:
4946:
4939:
4921:
4904:Visabureau.com
4891:
4864:
4837:
4823:
4804:
4774:
4741:
4714:
4684:
4665:
4635:
4625:
4600:
4566:
4531:
4505:
4475:
4416:
4386:
4360:
4334:
4300:
4270:
4255:
4237:
4211:
4166:
4136:
4119:People's Daily
4106:
4070:
4029:
4009:
3973:
3947:
3921:
3891:
3861:
3831:
3808:
3772:
3742:
3706:
3688:
3652:
3635:
3605:
3567:
3548:(3): 575–599.
3514:
3495:
3467:
3445:
3423:
3404:
3385:
3353:
3317:
3282:
3263:
3244:
3222:
3191:
3164:
3129:
3104:
3074:
3063:
3041:
3018:
2999:
2980:
2959:
2929:
2910:
2879:
2849:
2830:
2811:
2792:
2724:
2687:
2660:
2638:
2619:
2605:
2582:
2563:
2542:
2525:
2512:
2490:
2455:
2428:
2397:
2364:
2331:
2312:
2298:Ayelet Shachar
2290:
2253:
2234:
2206:
2178:
2146:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2094:
2093:
2079:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2058:
2039:
2036:
2035:
2034:
2031:American Samoa
2027:American Samoa
2004:
1986:
1966:
1963:
1962:
1961:
1947:
1940:United Kingdom
1929:
1903:
1885:
1871:
1849:
1830:
1811:
1800:European Union
1784:United Kingdom
1761:
1739:
1710:
1682:
1679:
1678:
1677:
1650:
1627:
1610:
1593:
1575:
1542:
1528:
1510:
1492:
1478:
1448:Mainland China
1430:
1416:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1395:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1369:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1343:
1329:
1315:
1297:
1279:
1261:
1247:
1231:
1228:
1199:
1193:
1189:
1188:
1169:
1166:
1165:
1164:
1151:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1131:
1119:
1107:
1094:
1082:
1069:
1056:
1038:
1025:
1012:
998:
995:
994:
993:
985:U.S. territory
981:American Samoa
976:
975:
957:
956:
940:
939:
922:14th Amendment
904:
891:
878:
865:
852:
839:
826:
808:
795:
782:
769:
756:
743:
730:
716:
698:
684:
671:
658:
642:
639:
638:
637:
619:
606:
591:
588:
586:
580:
556:
553:
315:
305:
295:
285:
273:
272:
270:
269:
262:
255:
247:
244:
243:
242:
241:
240:
239:
234:
224:
219:
214:
209:
204:
199:
197:Foreign worker
194:
189:
184:
179:
178:
177:
164:
163:
157:
156:
155:
154:
153:
152:
147:
137:
132:
131:
130:
125:
120:
113:Naturalization
110:
109:
108:
103:
98:
85:
84:
78:
77:
76:
75:
74:
73:
61:
54:
53:
52:
39:
38:
32:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7685:
7674:
7673:Republicanism
7671:
7669:
7666:
7664:
7661:
7659:
7656:
7654:
7651:
7650:
7648:
7633:
7625:
7624:
7621:
7607:
7604:
7602:
7599:
7597:
7594:
7592:
7589:
7587:
7584:
7582:
7579:
7577:
7574:
7572:
7569:
7568:
7566:
7562:
7556:
7555:United States
7553:
7551:
7548:
7546:
7543:
7541:
7538:
7536:
7533:
7531:
7528:
7526:
7523:
7521:
7518:
7516:
7513:
7511:
7508:
7506:
7503:
7501:
7498:
7496:
7493:
7491:
7488:
7486:
7483:
7481:
7478:
7476:
7473:
7471:
7468:
7466:
7463:
7462:
7460:
7456:Other regions
7454:
7444:
7441:
7439:
7436:
7434:
7431:
7430:
7428:
7426:
7422:
7416:
7413:
7411:
7408:
7406:
7403:
7401:
7398:
7397:
7395:
7393:
7389:
7381:
7378:
7376:
7373:
7372:
7371:
7368:
7364:
7361:
7359:
7356:
7354:
7351:
7350:
7349:
7346:
7342:
7339:
7337:
7334:
7332:
7329:
7328:
7327:
7324:
7323:
7321:
7319:
7315:
7309:
7306:
7304:
7301:
7299:
7296:
7294:
7291:
7290:
7287:
7284:
7282:
7281:United States
7278:
7274:
7265:
7261:
7243:
7240:
7238:
7234:
7231:
7229:
7226:
7224:
7221:
7219:
7215:
7212:
7210:
7206:
7203:
7201:
7198:
7196:
7193:
7191:
7188:
7187:
7185:
7183:
7179:
7173:
7170:
7168:
7165:
7163:
7160:
7158:
7155:
7153:
7150:
7148:
7145:
7144:
7142:
7140:
7136:
7130:
7127:
7125:
7122:
7120:
7117:
7113:
7110:
7109:
7108:
7105:
7104:
7102:
7100:
7096:
7090:
7087:
7086:
7084:
7082:
7078:
7072:
7071:
7067:
7064:
7063:
7058:
7056:
7053:
7051:
7048:
7046:
7043:
7039:
7036:
7034:
7031:
7030:
7029:
7026:
7024:
7021:
7019:
7016:
7014:
7011:
7009:
7006:
7005:
7003:
7001:
6997:
6991:
6987:
6984:
6982:
6979:
6977:
6974:
6972:
6969:
6967:
6964:
6962:
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6721:
6720:Socioeconomic
6718:
6716:
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6706:
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6595:Social stigma
6593:
6591:
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6586:
6585:Social orphan
6583:
6581:
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6571:
6568:
6566:
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6553:
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6544:
6543:Nouveau riche
6540:
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6530:
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6525:
6523:
6520:
6518:
6517:Class traitor
6515:
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6512:Class society
6510:
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6449:Gilbert model
6447:
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6333:Schengen Area
6330:
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6306:
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6301:
6300:
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6283:
6282:Statelessness
6280:
6278:
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6268:
6265:
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6214:Ius sanguinis
6211:
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6197:
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6167:
6166:African Union
6164:
6162:
6159:
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6152:
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6139:
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6136:
6134:organizations
6132:International
6130:
6124:
6121:
6118:
6114:
6110:
6106:
6105:United States
6103:
6101:
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6096:
6093:
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5850:
5849:Liechtenstein
5847:
5845:
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5825:
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5756:Schengen Area
5752:
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5419:United States
5417:
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5412:
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5119:
5118:Guinea-Bissau
5116:
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4256:0-8156-2829-3
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4183:cadmus.eui.eu
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3844:The Economist
3841:
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3383:nationality."
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2411:Texas Tribune
2408:
2401:
2385:
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2167:
2166:HarperCollins
2163:
2162:
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2128:ships flagged
2123:
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2080:
2077:
2071:
2066:
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2016:
2015:United States
2005:
2002:
1998:
1987:
1984:
1980:
1969:
1968:
1959:
1948:
1945:
1941:
1930:
1927:
1923:
1922:jus sanguinis
1919:
1915:
1904:
1901:
1897:
1886:
1883:
1872:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1850:
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1797:
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1730:jus sanguinis
1726:
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1700:
1696:
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1674:jus sanguinis
1671:
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1373:South America
1366:
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1347:North America
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1280:
1277:
1273:
1262:
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1220:statelessness
1217:
1213:
1212:unfree labour
1209:
1205:
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1055:nationality."
1053:
1049:
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1024:
1013:
1011:
1006:
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997:South America
990:
989:U.S. citizens
986:
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963:birth tourism
959:
958:
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950:
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914:United States
910:
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641:North America
635:
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620:
618:
607:
604:
599:
594:
593:
585:
582:Unrestricted
579:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
555:National laws
552:
550:
546:
542:
538:
537:statelessness
534:
530:
528:
524:
523:jus sanguinis
519:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
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473:jus sanguinis
469:
465:
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441:
436:
428:
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417:
380:
379:
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331:
330:
322:
312:
302:
292:
284:
281:Countries by
279:
268:
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254:
249:
248:
246:
245:
238:
235:
233:
230:
229:
228:
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205:
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200:
198:
195:
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190:
188:
185:
183:
180:
176:
173:
172:
171:
168:
167:
166:
165:
162:
159:
158:
151:
148:
146:
145:denaturalized
143:
142:
141:
138:
136:
133:
129:
126:
124:
121:
119:
116:
115:
114:
111:
107:
106:transnational
104:
102:
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7581:Ancient Rome
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6868:Royal family
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6444:Elite theory
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6313:Soviet Union
6308:Ancient Rome
6303:Nazi Germany
6229:Repatriation
6219:
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6179:By procedure
5714:Turkmenistan
5669:Saudi Arabia
5233:South Africa
5218:Sierra Leone
5023:Burkina Faso
4989:By continent
4930:
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4912:. Retrieved
4908:the original
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3726:the original
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3691:
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3668:E-justice.th
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3356:
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3087:Archives.gov
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2690:
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2672:. Refworld.
2663:
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2622:
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2595:
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2474:the original
2465:
2458:
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2431:
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2410:
2400:
2388:. Retrieved
2377:
2367:
2355:. Retrieved
2347:The Atlantic
2346:
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1673:
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1471:
1391:constitution
1308:South Africa
1223:
1207:
1203:
1201:
1196:
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1052:Constitution
971:
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729:citizenship.
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7658:Birthplaces
7525:New Zealand
7242:Untouchable
7167:Proletariat
7157:Pea-pickers
7107:Bourgeoisie
6795:Aristocracy
6681:naturalized
6676:native-born
6287:Travel visa
6245:Citizenship
6070:New Zealand
5914:Switzerland
5869:Netherlands
5679:South Korea
5659:Philippines
5639:North Korea
5519:Afghanistan
5423:Puerto Rico
5346:El Salvador
5238:South Sudan
5123:Ivory Coast
4914:23 February
4884:19 November
4857:19 November
4707:23 February
4658:23 February
4618:23 November
4409:12 December
4379:24 November
4353:24 November
4159:23 February
3914:23 February
3884:23 February
3854:2 September
3801:23 February
3765:23 February
3755:Hrbrief.org
3735:23 February
3681:23 February
3628:23 February
3460:21 February
3157:11 November
3127: (1898)
2893:Global News
2680:6 September
2612:13 February
2448:12 February
2421:12 February
2390:12 February
1997:New Zealand
1958:Netherlands
1195:Restricted
876:Saint Lucia
754:El Salvador
484:systems of
460:nationality
448:citizenship
444:nationality
161:Immigration
91:Citizenship
82:Nationality
7647:Categories
7515:Luxembourg
7405:Inequality
7070:Superclass
6861:Hereditary
6837:Post-Roman
6828:Patrician
6698:adolescent
6522:Classicide
6000:San Marino
5980:Montenegro
5945:Azerbaijan
5859:Luxembourg
5724:Uzbekistan
5694:Tajikistan
5599:Kyrgyzstan
5594:Kazakhstan
5554:East Timor
5529:Bangladesh
5351:Greenland
5326:Costa Rica
5228:Somaliland
5213:Seychelles
5178:Mozambique
5163:Mauritania
5148:Madagascar
5103:The Gambia
5038:Cape Verde
4880:(in Dutch)
4853:(in Dutch)
4797:21 January
4787:Guichet.lu
4514:"Thailand"
4498:9 February
4332:Article 1.
4326:8 February
4293:31 October
4027:Cambodia."
3904:Domrep.org
3307:5 December
3215:7 February
3097:8 February
2952:29 October
2903:6 November
2872:2 November
2187:"jus soli"
2156:"jus soli"
2142:References
2076:Law portal
2055:Bangladesh
1841:Luxembourg
1668:virtue of
987:) are not
709:Costa Rica
632:: Per the
572:jus soli —
568:lex soli —
456:Anglophone
192:Expatriate
45:Birthplace
36:Birthright
7540:Sri Lanka
7433:Education
7400:Household
7293:Affluence
7228:Rat tribe
7190:Ant tribe
7162:Precariat
7147:Lazzaroni
7089:Bohemians
7050:Overclass
7045:Old money
6981:Spartiate
6956:Kshatriya
6946:Hashashin
6903:Professor
6844:Political
6817:Oligarchy
6807:Hanseaten
6725:Stateless
6705:Convicted
6637:By status
6600:Subaltern
6532:Euthenics
6464:New class
6238:By result
6040:Australia
5854:Lithuania
5684:Sri Lanka
5674:Singapore
5654:Palestine
5564:Indonesia
5499:Venezuela
5444:Argentina
5404:St. Lucia
5389:Nicaragua
5364:Guatemala
5168:Mauritius
4735:11 August
4458:214464417
4129:5 October
4099:4 October
4063:4 October
3989:Ref world
3874:Issuu.com
3788:Soros.org
3562:145757112
3297:JusBrasil
2975:USCIS.gov
2483:23 August
2357:26 August
2285:158447458
2271:: 63–81.
2229:1813-2278
2199:18 August
2171:18 August
2038:Abolition
1979:Australia
1707:stateless
1642:Taiwanese
1568:domiciled
1489:Indonesia
1456:Basic Law
1440:Hong Kong
1368:workers).
1129:Venezuela
1010:Argentina
949:President
837:Nicaragua
825:airspace.
780:Guatemala
504:New World
500:Old World
482:civil-law
478:Roman law
335:English:
319: No
313:abolished
150:renounced
7632:Category
7564:Historic
7485:Colombia
7475:Cambodia
7410:Personal
7308:Mobility
7237:Freedman
7223:Plebeian
7209:Prisoner
7195:Commoner
7081:Creative
7062:Seigneur
7028:Nobility
6986:Vanniyar
6971:Pendekar
6931:Cossacks
6565:Snobbery
6437:Theories
6348:Category
6260:Internal
6255:Passport
6221:Ius soli
6151:Mercosur
6060:Kiribati
5899:Slovenia
5894:Slovakia
5884:Portugal
5774:Bulgaria
5704:Thailand
5649:Pakistan
5624:Mongolia
5619:Malaysia
5544:Cambodia
5489:Suriname
5479:Paraguay
5464:Colombia
5374:Honduras
5336:Dominica
5311:Barbados
5287:Americas
5278:Zimbabwe
5248:Tanzania
5093:Ethiopia
5088:Eswatini
5068:Djibouti
5033:Cameroon
5018:Botswana
4815:Archived
4791:Archived
4761:Archived
4729:archived
4701:Archived
4677:Archived
4652:Archived
4587:Archived
4553:Archived
4492:Archived
4488:Refworld
4462:Archived
4373:Archived
4347:Archived
4317:Archived
4287:Archived
4265:43318360
4224:Archived
4195:Archived
4020:Archived
4002:12 March
3993:Archived
3966:9 August
3960:Archived
3940:9 August
3934:Archived
3908:Archived
3878:Archived
3848:Archived
3792:Archived
3759:Archived
3672:Archived
3594:cite web
3506:Archived
3441:citizen.
3415:Archived
3396:Archived
3376:Archived
3365:Archived
3337:Archived
3301:Archived
3274:Archived
3255:Archived
3236:Archived
3209:Archived
3184:16 April
3178:Archived
3148:Archived
3091:Archived
3053:Archived
3029:Archived
3010:Archived
2991:Archived
2946:Archived
2921:Archived
2897:Archived
2866:Archived
2841:Archived
2822:Archived
2803:Archived
2717:4 August
2708:Archived
2674:Archived
2649:Archived
2630:Archived
2574:Archived
2559:jus soli
2538:Observer
2442:Archived
2415:Archived
2384:Archived
2351:Archived
2062:See also
1918:jus soli
1900:jus soli
1882:Portugal
1864:jus soli
1826:jus soli
1804:jus soli
1780:Man Chen
1753:jus soli
1735:jus soli
1670:jus soli
1665:jus soli
1661:Thailand
1624:jus soli
1620:Pakistan
1603:Mongolia
1586:Malaysia
1564:jus soli
1460:citizens
1427:Cambodia
1394:parents.
1387:Colombia
1224:Jus soli
1208:jus soli
1204:jus soli
1197:jus soli
1181:Pakistan
1092:Paraguay
992:ongoing.
972:jus soli
967:jus soli
953:jus soli
793:Honduras
741:Dominica
713:Jus soli
668:Barbados
630:Tanzania
584:jus soli
576:lex soli
564:jus soli
560:Lex soli
533:Jus soli
527:jus soli
516:jus soli
508:jus soli
496:Americas
492:Jus soli
464:Jus soli
454:in some
329:Jus soli
321:jus soli
311:Jus soli
301:Jus soli
291:Jus soli
283:jus soli
118:Ius Doni
101:multiple
65:Jus soli
7535:Romania
7530:Nigeria
7415:Poverty
7318:Classes
7303:History
7214:Peasant
7200:Outcast
7139:Working
7119:Burgher
6976:Samurai
6966:Ocēlōtl
6926:Chhetri
6918:Warrior
6908:Scholar
6822:Russian
6812:Magnate
6800:Aristoi
6779:By type
6666:Citizen
6659:refugee
6555:Poverty
6549:Parvenu
6483:Related
6454:Marxian
6416:Stratum
6296:Defunct
6123:Vanuatu
6033:Oceania
6015:Ukraine
5970:Moldova
5960:Georgia
5950:Belarus
5940:Andorra
5935:Armenia
5930:Albania
5889:Romania
5834:Ireland
5829:Iceland
5824:Hungary
5814:Germany
5804:Finland
5799:Estonia
5794:Denmark
5779:Croatia
5769:Belgium
5764:Austria
5729:Vietnam
5629:Myanmar
5614:Lebanon
5524:Bahrain
5494:Uruguay
5469:Ecuador
5449:Bolivia
5379:Jamaica
5359:Grenada
5306:Bahamas
5258:Tunisia
5223:Somalia
5208:Senegal
5193:Nigeria
5183:Namibia
5173:Morocco
5138:Liberia
5133:Lesotho
5083:Eritrea
5053:Comoros
5028:Burundi
5003:Algeria
4767:11 June
4697:Hri.org
4593:22 June
4559:22 June
4524:22 June
4230:23 June
3346:14 June
3176:. CNN.
3037:padres.
1965:Oceania
1914:Ukraine
1806:. (see
1788:Belfast
1772:Ireland
1721:Germany
1462:of the
1413:Bahrain
1340:Tunisia
1272:Namibia
1258:Morocco
1214:from a
1135:Oceania
1117:Uruguay
1067:Ecuador
1023:Bolivia
924:to the
920:of the
806:Jamaica
767:Grenada
617:Lesotho
217:Refugee
202:Illegal
96:missing
29:persons
7490:France
7470:Belize
7465:Africa
7392:Income
7348:Middle
7341:Gentry
7205:Outlaw
7112:Petite
7099:Middle
7033:Landed
7018:Gentry
6951:Knight
6891:Priest
6886:Clergy
6849:Family
6787:Ruling
6736:collar
6693:Clique
6409:Status
6100:Tuvalu
6010:Turkey
6005:Serbia
5995:Russia
5975:Monaco
5965:Kosovo
5909:Sweden
5879:Poland
5874:Norway
5844:Latvia
5819:Greece
5809:France
5784:Cyprus
5743:Europe
5709:Turkey
5699:Taiwan
5604:Kuwait
5589:Jordan
5579:Israel
5539:Brunei
5534:Bhutan
5474:Guyana
5454:Brazil
5394:Panama
5384:Mexico
5321:Canada
5316:Belize
5273:Zambia
5263:Uganda
5198:Rwanda
5153:Malawi
5113:Guinea
5008:Angola
4996:Africa
4937:
4878:ind.nl
4851:ind.nl
4468:29 May
4456:
4448:
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4204:11 May
3560:
2938:"Cuba"
2603:
2283:
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2024:
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1994:
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1695:France
1692:
1681:Europe
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1638:Taiwan
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1521:Israel
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1080:Guyana
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590:Africa
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431:Latin:
422:yooss
317:
309:
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299:
297:
289:
287:
7586:Aztec
7545:Tibet
7520:Nepal
7510:Italy
7500:India
7495:Haiti
7480:China
7380:Under
7375:Lower
7353:Black
7336:Donor
7331:Black
7326:Upper
7233:Slave
7182:Under
7038:Petty
7013:Elite
7000:Upper
6941:Harii
6936:Cuāuh
6770:White
6750:Green
6649:Alien
6492:Caste
6095:Tonga
6085:Samoa
6075:Palau
6055:Nauru
5904:Spain
5864:Malta
5839:Italy
5734:Yemen
5689:Syria
5664:Qatar
5634:Nepal
5584:Japan
5559:India
5549:China
5459:Chile
5437:South
5369:Haiti
5294:North
5243:Sudan
5188:Niger
5143:Libya
5128:Kenya
5108:Ghana
5098:Gabon
5073:Egypt
5013:Benin
4648:Et.gr
4551:(1).
4454:S2CID
4446:JSTOR
4320:(PDF)
4313:(PDF)
4198:(PDF)
4179:(PDF)
4093:(PDF)
4082:(PDF)
4057:(PDF)
4042:(PDF)
3996:(PDF)
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3784:(PDF)
3729:(PDF)
3718:(PDF)
3675:(PDF)
3664:(PDF)
3647:(PDF)
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3579:(PDF)
3558:S2CID
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3479:(PDF)
3340:(PDF)
3329:(PDF)
3151:(PDF)
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2711:(PDF)
2700:(PDF)
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2281:S2CID
2051:India
1896:Spain
1860:Malta
1822:Italy
1552:Macau
1539:Japan
1452:Macao
1326:Sudan
1244:Egypt
1216:helot
1048:Chile
440:right
374:juss
175:Enemy
170:Alien
7505:Iran
7218:Serf
7023:Lord
6961:Nair
6854:List
6765:Pink
6755:Grey
6745:Blue
6734:By "
6117:Guam
6050:Fiji
5754:and
5644:Oman
5609:Laos
5574:Iraq
5569:Iran
5512:Asia
5484:Peru
5331:Cuba
5253:Togo
5158:Mali
5048:Chad
4935:ISBN
4916:2017
4886:2023
4859:2023
4799:2020
4769:2018
4737:2023
4709:2017
4660:2017
4620:2023
4595:2012
4561:2012
4526:2012
4500:2021
4470:2021
4411:2020
4381:2020
4355:2020
4328:2019
4295:2021
4261:OCLC
4251:ISBN
4232:2012
4206:2021
4161:2017
4131:2011
4101:2011
4065:2011
4004:2015
3968:2021
3942:2021
3916:2017
3886:2017
3856:2017
3803:2017
3767:2017
3737:2017
3683:2017
3630:2017
3600:link
3462:2024
3348:2022
3309:2015
3217:2023
3186:2021
3159:2018
3122:U.S.
3099:2019
2954:2019
2905:2018
2874:2018
2719:2021
2682:2013
2614:2018
2601:ISBN
2536:OECD
2534:The
2485:2012
2450:2012
2423:2012
2392:2012
2359:2021
2225:ISSN
2201:2024
2173:2024
1503:Iran
1450:and
1399:Asia
1168:Asia
1149:Fiji
1104:Peru
726:Cuba
603:Chad
426:-lee
128:Test
123:Oath
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4438:doi
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